diff --git "a/eval_predictions.json" "b/eval_predictions.json" --- "a/eval_predictions.json" +++ "b/eval_predictions.json" @@ -1,33 +1,33 @@ { "56be4db0acb8001400a502ec": "Denver Broncos", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ed": "Carolina Panthers", - "56be4db0acb8001400a502ee": "Levi's Stadium", + "56be4db0acb8001400a502ee": "Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ef": "Denver Broncos", "56be4db0acb8001400a502f0": "gold", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d1": "golden anniversary", - "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d2": "February 7, 2016", + "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d2": "February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d3": "American Football Conference", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91b9": "golden anniversary", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91ba": "American Football Conference", - "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91bb": "February 7, 2016", + "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91bb": "February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91df": "Denver Broncos", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e0": "Levi's Stadium", - "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e1": "Santa Clara", - "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e2": "Super Bowl L", - "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e3": "2015", - "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fd": "2015", - "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fe": "Santa Clara", + "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e1": "Santa Clara, California", + "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e2": "\"Super Bowl L", + "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e3": "2015 season", + "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fd": "2015 season", + "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fe": "Santa Clara, California", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94ff": "Levi's Stadium", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9500": "24\u201310", - "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9501": "February 7, 2016", + "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9501": "February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e8": "2015", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e9": "Denver Broncos", "56d20362e7d4791d009025ea": "Carolina Panthers", "56d20362e7d4791d009025eb": "Denver Broncos", - "56d600e31c85041400946eae": "2015", + "56d600e31c85041400946eae": "2015 season", "56d600e31c85041400946eb0": "Denver Broncos", - "56d600e31c85041400946eb1": "Levi's Stadium", - "56d9895ddc89441400fdb50e": "Super Bowl 50", + "56d600e31c85041400946eb1": "Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California", + "56d9895ddc89441400fdb50e": "Super Bowl L", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb510": "Denver Broncos", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f6": "Cam Newton", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f9": "eight", @@ -39,24 +39,24 @@ "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91eb": "New England Patriots", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ec": "four", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ed": "Cam Newton", - "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9507": "the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995.", + "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9507": "15\u20131", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9508": "Cam Newton", - "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9509": ", and Pittsburgh Steelers as one of four teams that have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl.", + "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9509": "12\u20134", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950a": "four", - "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950b": "New England Patriots", + "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950b": "The Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f3": "Cam Newton", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f4": "Arizona Cardinals", - "56d2045de7d4791d009025f5": "second", - "56d2045de7d4791d009025f6": "the New England Patriots", + "56d2045de7d4791d009025f5": "eight", + "56d2045de7d4791d009025f6": "New England Patriots", "56d6017d1c85041400946ebe": "Cam Newton", - "56d6017d1c85041400946ec1": "the New England Patriots", + "56d6017d1c85041400946ec1": "New England Patriots", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec2": "Arizona Cardinals", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52a": "Cam Newton", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52b": "Arizona Cardinals", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52e": "1995", "56be4eafacb8001400a50302": "Von Miller", - "56be4eafacb8001400a50303": "two forced fumbles", - "56be4eafacb8001400a50304": "The Broncos", + "56be4eafacb8001400a50303": "two", + "56be4eafacb8001400a50304": "Broncos", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d2": "Von Miller", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d3": "five", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d4": "Newton", @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f5": "Von Miller", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f6": "three", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f7": "two", - "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9511": "Von Miller", + "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9511": "Denver linebacker Von Miller", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9513": "linebacker", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9514": "five", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9515": "two", @@ -72,9 +72,9 @@ "56d204ade7d4791d00902604": "five", "56d601e41c85041400946ece": "seven", "56d601e41c85041400946ecf": "three", - "56d601e41c85041400946ed0": "fumble", + "56d601e41c85041400946ed0": "three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown", "56d601e41c85041400946ed1": "Von Miller", - "56d601e41c85041400946ed2": "linebacker", + "56d601e41c85041400946ed2": "Denver linebacker", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53b": "seven", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53c": "three", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53d": "Von Miller", @@ -82,11 +82,11 @@ "56be5333acb8001400a5030a": "CBS", "56be5333acb8001400a5030b": "$5 million", "56be5333acb8001400a5030c": "Coldplay", - "56be5333acb8001400a5030d": "Beyonc\u00e9", - "56be5333acb8001400a5030e": "50", + "56be5333acb8001400a5030d": "Coldplay", + "56be5333acb8001400a5030e": "Super Bowl XLVII", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fd": "CBS", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fe": "$5 million", - "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91ff": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", + "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91ff": "Beyonc\u00e9", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9200": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9201": "Coldplay", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951b": "CBS", @@ -100,21 +100,21 @@ "56d602631c85041400946ed8": "CBS", "56d602631c85041400946eda": "Coldplay", "56d602631c85041400946edb": "Beyonc\u00e9", - "56d602631c85041400946edc": "Super Bowl XLVII", - "56d98c53dc89441400fdb544": "$5 million", + "56d602631c85041400946edc": "Coldplay", + "56d98c53dc89441400fdb544": "5 million", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb545": "Coldplay", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb546": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", - "56d98c53dc89441400fdb548": "Bruno Mars", + "56d98c53dc89441400fdb548": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56be53b8acb8001400a50314": "Roger Goodell", "56be53b8acb8001400a50315": "50th", "56be53b8acb8001400a50316": "2012", - "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9207": "Roger Goodell", + "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9207": "NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9208": "early 2012", "56bf42f53aeaaa14008c95a3": "Roger Goodell", "56d2053ae7d4791d00902610": "Roger Goodell", "56d6edd00d65d21400198250": "Roger Goodell", "56d6edd00d65d21400198251": "spectacular", - "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54e": "spectacular", + "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54e": "\"spectacular", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54f": "2012", "56be5438acb8001400a5031a": "Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56be5438acb8001400a5031b": "Sun Life Stadium", @@ -122,61 +122,61 @@ "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920b": "Sun Life Stadium", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920d": "Levi's Stadium", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9580": "Levi's Stadium", - "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9581": "Mercedes-Benz Superdome", - "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9582": "Sun Life Stadium", - "56d20564e7d4791d00902612": "three sites", - "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198254": "three sites", + "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9581": "Mercedes-Benz", + "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9582": "Sun Life", + "56d20564e7d4791d00902612": "Levi's Stadium", + "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198254": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198255": "New Orleans", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198256": "Sun Life Stadium", - "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198257": "the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium.", + "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198257": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198258": "Levi's Stadium", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb552": "Sun Life Stadium", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb553": "Mercedes-Benz Superdome", - "56d98db6dc89441400fdb554": "Levi's Stadium", + "56d98db6dc89441400fdb554": "Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56be54bdacb8001400a50322": "October 16, 2012", "56be54bdacb8001400a50323": "10", "56be54bdacb8001400a50324": "Super Bowl XLIV", - "56be54bdacb8001400a50325": "2010", + "56be54bdacb8001400a50325": "Super Bowl XLIV", "56be54bdacb8001400a50326": "1985 (Super Bowl XIX", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921b": "Sun Life Stadium", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921c": "October 16, 2012", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921d": "Stanford Stadium", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921e": "May 3, 2013", - "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921f": "1985", + "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921f": "10 times (tied for most with New Orleans), with the most recent one being Super Bowl XLIV", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9525": "10", - "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9526": "2010", + "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9526": "Super Bowl XLIV", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9528": "Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium", - "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9529": "the Florida legislature", + "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9529": "a significant blow to Miami's chances.", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198260": "1985 (Super Bowl XIX", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198262": "New Orleans", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb558": "October 16, 2012", - "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb559": "10 times", + "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb559": "10", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55a": "New Orleans", - "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55b": "1985", - "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55c": "the Florida legislature", + "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55b": "1985 (Super Bowl XIX", + "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55c": "Florida legislature", "56be5523acb8001400a5032c": "May 21, 2013", "56be5523acb8001400a5032d": "NFL owners", "56be5523acb8001400a5032e": "2014", - "56be5523acb8001400a5032f": "$1.2 billion", + "56be5523acb8001400a5032f": "1.2 billion", "56be5523acb8001400a50330": "San Diego", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9225": "Boston", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9226": "May 21, 2013", - "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9227": "$1.2 billion", - "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9228": "Super Bowl XXXVII", + "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9227": "1.2 billion", + "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9228": "San Diego in 2003", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9229": "San Diego", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c952f": "2013", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9530": "2014", - "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9531": "$1.2 billion", - "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9532": "1985", + "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9531": "1.2 billion", + "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9532": "Super Bowl XIX", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9533": "Super Bowl XXXVII", "56d6f0770d65d21400198268": "May 21, 2013", "56d6f0770d65d21400198269": "2014", - "56d6f0770d65d2140019826a": "2003", + "56d6f0770d65d2140019826a": "San Diego in 2003", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826c": "Boston", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb562": "May 21, 2013", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb563": "2014", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb564": "$1.2 billion", - "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb565": "1985", + "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb565": "San Diego in 2003", "56be572b3aeaaa14008c9052": "John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c922f": "ten", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9230": "six", @@ -188,18 +188,18 @@ "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953c": "Super Bowl XXXVIII", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953d": "six", "56d6f1190d65d21400198272": "number one", - "56d6f1190d65d21400198273": "number one", - "56d6f1190d65d21400198274": "Super Bowl XXXVIII", - "56d6f1190d65d21400198275": "Super Bowl XXXVIII", + "56d6f1190d65d21400198273": "number one seeds from both conferences", + "56d6f1190d65d21400198274": "John Fox", + "56d6f1190d65d21400198275": "XXXVIII", "56d6f1190d65d21400198276": "six", - "56d99179dc89441400fdb56c": "only one loss", - "56d99179dc89441400fdb56d": "four", + "56d99179dc89441400fdb56c": "one loss", + "56d99179dc89441400fdb56d": "Denver Broncos", "56d99179dc89441400fdb570": "John Fox", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9058": "DeAngelo Williams", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9059": "Kelvin Benjamin", "56be59683aeaaa14008c905a": "seventh", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923d": "1978", - "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923e": "the Carolina Panthers", + "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923e": "15\u20131", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923f": "Ten", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9240": "eight", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9241": "Kelvin Benjamin", @@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ "56d6f2000d65d2140019827f": "Ten", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb576": "Carolina Panthers", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb577": "1978", - "56d9943fdc89441400fdb578": "Carolina Panthers", + "56d9943fdc89441400fdb578": "NFC", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb57a": "Ten", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9247": "six", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9248": "45", @@ -223,18 +223,18 @@ "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960b": "45", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960c": "99.4", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960d": "77", - "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960e": "39 receptions", + "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960e": "39", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960f": "Jonathan Stewart", "56d6f2960d65d21400198286": "six", "56d6f2960d65d21400198287": "Cam Newton", "56d6f2960d65d21400198288": "3,837", "56d6f2960d65d21400198289": "45", "56d6f2960d65d2140019828a": "six", - "56d997cddc89441400fdb586": "500 points", + "56d997cddc89441400fdb586": "500", "56d997cddc89441400fdb587": "3,837", "56d997cddc89441400fdb588": "45", "56d997cddc89441400fdb589": "99.4", - "56d997cddc89441400fdb58a": "39 receptions for 485 yards", + "56d997cddc89441400fdb58a": "485 yards", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925b": "308", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925c": "136", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925d": "118", @@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ "56d6f3500d65d21400198294": "24", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59c": "24", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59e": "Kony Ealy", - "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59f": "118", + "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59f": "Kuechly led the team in tackles (118", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb5a0": "two", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9265": "Gary Kubiak", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9266": "Brock Osweiler", @@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9269": "Wade Phillips", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954d": "four", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954e": "Gary Kubiak", - "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954f": "Denver Broncos", + "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954f": "Indianapolis Colts", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9550": "39", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9551": "plantar fasciitis injury in his heel", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829a": "Gary Kubiak", @@ -265,20 +265,20 @@ "56d6f4030d65d2140019829d": "39", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829e": "12\u20134", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c8": "John Fox", - "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c9": "Peyton Manning", + "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c9": "1998", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5ca": "Gary Kubiak", - "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cb": "heel", + "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cb": "left foot", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cc": "Wade Phillips", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c9279": "67.9", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927a": "17", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927b": "Demaryius Thomas", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927c": "C. J. Anderson", - "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927d": "10", + "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927d": "10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956b": "67.9", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956c": "2,249", - "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956d": "17", + "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956d": "67.9 passer rating", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956e": "Demaryius Thomas", - "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956f": "receiver", + "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956f": "Veteran receiver", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a4": "67.9", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a5": "17", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a6": "Demaryius Thomas", @@ -291,12 +291,12 @@ "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928d": "4,530", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928e": "5\u00bd", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9290": "Brandon Marshall", - "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9291": "three interceptions", + "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9291": "three", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9588": "backer", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9589": "backer", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c958b": "Defensive ends", "56d6fea90d65d214001982ae": "296", - "56d6fea90d65d214001982af": "Von Miller", + "56d6fea90d65d214001982af": "DeMarcus Ware", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b0": "Brandon Marshall", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b2": "three", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5fd": "Von Miller", @@ -307,37 +307,37 @@ "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a3": "487", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a4": "seven", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a5": "31\u201324", - "56bf34293aeaaa14008c9559": "the Seattle Seahawks", - "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955a": "the NFC Championship Game, 49\u201315, racking up 487 yards and forcing seven turnovers.", - "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955b": "487", + "56bf34293aeaaa14008c9559": "Seattle Seahawks", + "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955a": "31\u201324, avenging their elimination from a year earlier. The Panthers then blew out the Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game, 49\u201315", + "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955b": "487 yards", "56d701280d65d214001982b8": "Seattle Seahawks", - "56d701280d65d214001982ba": "the Seattle Seahawks", + "56d701280d65d214001982ba": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d701280d65d214001982bc": "seven", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb616": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb618": "49\u201315", - "56d99e78dc89441400fdb619": "the Seattle Seahawks", + "56d99e78dc89441400fdb619": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb61a": "487", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ab": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ac": "11", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ad": "New England Patriots", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ae": "20\u201318", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92af": "17 seconds", - "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9561": "Pittsburgh Steelers", + "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9561": "Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, 23\u201316", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9562": "23\u201316", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9563": "New England Patriots", - "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9564": "17 seconds", + "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9564": "17 seconds left on the clock", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9565": "Manning", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c2": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c3": "11", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c5": "New England Patriots", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb628": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb629": "New England Patriots", - "56d99f99dc89441400fdb62c": "17 seconds", + "56d99f99dc89441400fdb62c": "17", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b5": "Thomas Davis", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b6": "broken arm", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b7": "three", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b8": "11", - "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9575": "ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", + "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9575": "ACL tears", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9576": "arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9577": "11", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9579": "Super Bowl", @@ -350,13 +350,13 @@ "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bf": "38", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c0": "Executive Vice President of Football Operations and General Manager", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c1": "Broncos", - "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9591": "Broncos", + "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9591": "John Elway", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9592": "John Elway", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9593": "38", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9594": "John Elway", - "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9595": "multiple", + "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9595": "two different teams to multiple Super Bowls", "56d704430d65d214001982de": "two", - "56d704430d65d214001982e0": "Peyton Manning", + "56d704430d65d214001982e0": "John Elway", "56d704430d65d214001982e1": "John Elway", "56d704430d65d214001982e2": "Super Bowl XXXIII", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63e": "Peyton Manning", @@ -365,59 +365,59 @@ "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c7": "1998", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c8": "2011", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c9": "26", - "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92ca": "13 years and 48 days", + "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92ca": "39", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92cb": "Von Miller", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959b": "Manning", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959c": "Newton", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959d": "26", - "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959e": "the record for the largest age difference between opposing Super Bowl quarterbacks at 13 years and 48 days (Manning was 39, Newton was 26).", + "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959e": "Carolina", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fc": "1998", - "56d7096b0d65d214001982fd": "2011", + "56d7096b0d65d214001982fd": "1998 NFL draft, while Newton was picked first in 2011", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fe": "Von Miller", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb647": "2011", - "56d9a199dc89441400fdb648": "13 years and 48 days", + "56d9a199dc89441400fdb648": "13 years and 48 days (Manning was 39, Newton was 26", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb649": "13 years and 48 days", - "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92db": "Super Bowl XX", + "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92db": "Chicago Bears", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dc": "Chicago Bears", - "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dd": "a linebacker", + "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dd": "linebacker", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92de": "Elway", - "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92df": "the Broncos", - "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9615": "a linebacker", + "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92df": "Broncos", + "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9615": "linebacker", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9617": "Elway", - "56d709ef0d65d21400198306": "Rivera", - "56d709ef0d65d21400198307": "Super Bowl XX", + "56d709ef0d65d21400198306": "the first Super Bowl in which both head coaches played in the game themselves.", + "56d709ef0d65d21400198307": "Chicago Bears", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e5": "Justin Tucker", - "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e6": "Bermuda 419 turf", + "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e6": "hybrid Bermuda", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e7": "Ed Mangan", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e8": "Baltimore Ravens", - "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e9": "kicker", + "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e9": "Baltimore Ravens kicker", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a5": "Justin Tucker", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a6": "kicker", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a7": "a hybrid Bermuda 419 turf", - "56d70adc0d65d21400198311": "Justin Tucker", - "56d70adc0d65d21400198312": "re-sodded the field with a new playing surface", - "56d70adc0d65d21400198313": "hybrid Bermuda 419 turf", - "56d70adc0d65d21400198314": "their cleats", - "56d9a419dc89441400fdb678": "Justin Tucker", + "56d70adc0d65d21400198311": "Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", + "56d70adc0d65d21400198312": "a hybrid Bermuda 419 turf", + "56d70adc0d65d21400198313": "a hybrid Bermuda 419 turf", + "56d70adc0d65d21400198314": "cleats", + "56d9a419dc89441400fdb678": "Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb679": "natural grass", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92f9": "the Broncos", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fa": "34\u201319", - "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fb": "Broncos", - "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fc": "silver", + "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fb": "Atlanta Falcons", + "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fc": "white", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fd": "Super Bowl XXXIII", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ab": "Super Bowl XXXIII", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ac": "34\u201319", - "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ae": "the Atlanta Falcons", + "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ae": "Atlanta Falcons", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95af": "white", - "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831d": "white", + "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831d": "road white", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831f": "Pittsburgh Steelers", - "56d9a637dc89441400fdb697": "Super Bowl XXXIII", - "56d9a637dc89441400fdb698": "blue jerseys", + "56d9a637dc89441400fdb697": "XXXIII", + "56d9a637dc89441400fdb698": "blue", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb699": "orange jerseys", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb69a": "black jerseys", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9303": "San Jose State", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9304": "Stanford University", - "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9305": "San Jose Marriott", + "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9305": "San Jose", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9306": "Santa Clara Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b5": "San Jose Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b6": "San Jose Marriott", @@ -435,153 +435,153 @@ "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9316": "Super Bowl V", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9317": "Jaime Weston", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9318": "Super Bowl XLV", - "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9319": "Vince Lombardi", - "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95bd": "2014", + "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9319": "Vince Lombardi Trophy", + "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95bd": "June 4, 2014, the NFL announced that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals, a practice established at Super Bowl V", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95be": "Super Bowl LI", - "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c0": "Arabic numerals", + "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c0": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50 as opposed to Super Bowl L", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c1": "gold", "56d70daa0d65d21400198332": "June 4, 2014", - "56d70daa0d65d21400198333": "Arabic numerals", + "56d70daa0d65d21400198333": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50", "56d70daa0d65d21400198334": "Super Bowl 50", - "56d70daa0d65d21400198335": "Super Bowl 50 as opposed to Super Bowl L. The use of Roman numerals will be reinstated for Super Bowl LI.", + "56d70daa0d65d21400198335": "gold", "56d70daa0d65d21400198336": "Super Bowl LI", - "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6a8": "Arabic numerals", - "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6ab": "Super Bowl 50", + "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6a8": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50", + "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6ab": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c931f": "gold", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9320": "week 7", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9321": "50-yard line", - "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c7": "gold", + "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c7": "colored gold", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c8": "Gold", "56d70e570d65d2140019833c": "Golden Super Bowl", "56d70e570d65d2140019833e": "Gold footballs", "56d70e570d65d2140019833f": "50-yard line", - "56d9b01fdc89441400fdb6d4": "gold", - "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9325": "the Moscone Center", + "56d9b01fdc89441400fdb6d4": "Golden", + "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9325": "Moscone Center", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9326": "San Francisco", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9327": "Ed Lee", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9328": "Jane Kim", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9329": "January 30", - "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cb": "More than 1 million", + "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cb": "1 million", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cc": "Ed Lee", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cd": "Moscone Center", - "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95ce": "Super Bowl City", - "56d7145c0d65d2140019834c": "San Francisco", - "56d7145c0d65d2140019834d": "Super Bowl City", + "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95ce": "\"Super Bowl City", + "56d7145c0d65d2140019834c": "Moscone Center", + "56d7145c0d65d2140019834d": "\"Super Bowl City", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834f": "Ed Lee", - "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ec": "Super Bowl City", - "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ed": "More than 1 million", + "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ec": "\"Super Bowl City", + "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ed": "1 million", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ee": "Ed Lee", - "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ef": "5 million", - "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6f0": "The annual NFL Experience", + "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ef": "$5 million", + "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6f0": "NFL Experience", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c932f": "Santa Clara University", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9330": "$2 million", - "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9331": "week-long", + "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9331": "week", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d3": "$2 million", - "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d4": "pep rally", + "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d4": "pep", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d5": "the city council", "56d714cd0d65d21400198356": "Santa Clara University", "56d714cd0d65d21400198358": "A professional fundraiser", "56d714cd0d65d21400198359": "the city council", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb700": "$2 million", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb701": "the city council", - "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9335": "February 1, 2016", + "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9335": "February 1, 2016 at SAP Center", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9336": "Tuesday afternoon", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9337": "SAP Center", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9338": "San Jose", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9339": "Golden Gate Bridge", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95d9": "Tuesday afternoon", - "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95da": "Monday evening", + "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95da": "Tuesday afternoon prior to the game, was moved to the Monday evening", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95db": "Super Bowl Opening Night", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dc": "SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dd": "San Jose", "56d71bd80d65d2140019835e": "Tuesday afternoon", "56d71bd80d65d21400198360": "Super Bowl Opening Night", "56d71bd80d65d21400198361": "SAP Center", - "56d71bd80d65d21400198362": "the Golden Gate Bridge", - "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb708": "Monday evening", - "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb709": "Tuesday afternoon", - "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70a": "San Jose", + "56d71bd80d65d21400198362": "Golden Gate Bridge", + "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb708": "Tuesday afternoon prior to the game, was moved to the Monday evening", + "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb709": "Super Bowl Opening Night", + "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70a": "SAP Center", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70b": "Golden Gate Bridge", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70c": "February 1, 2016", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c933f": "Business Connect", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9340": "over $40 million", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9341": "Dignity Health", - "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9342": "Gap", - "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9343": "Chevron", - "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e3": "Super Bowl 50 Host Committee", + "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9342": "Gap, Chevron", + "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9343": "Dignity Health", + "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e3": "Business Connect", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e4": "over $40 million", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e5": "sponsors", "56d71cb60d65d21400198368": "Business Connect", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb720": "Business Connect", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb721": "over $40 million", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c9349": "25 percent", - "56bebec43aeaaa14008c934a": "the 50 fund", + "56bebec43aeaaa14008c934a": "50 fund", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95e9": "25 percent", - "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95ea": "50 fund", - "56d71d150d65d2140019836e": "giving", + "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95ea": "50", + "56d71d150d65d2140019836e": "Super Bowl ever", "56d71d150d65d2140019836f": "25 percent", - "56d71d150d65d21400198370": "50 fund", + "56d71d150d65d21400198370": "50", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb72f": "25 percent", - "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb730": "the 50 fund", + "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb730": "50 fund", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934d": "Vince Lombardi", - "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934e": "18", + "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934e": "18-karat gold-plated \"50\".", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934f": "33 lb (15 kg", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9350": "Tiffany & Co", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9351": "Tiffany & Co", - "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ed": "Vince Lombardi Trophy", + "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ed": "\"50", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ef": "18-karat gold", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95f1": "Tiffany & Co", - "56d71d9d0d65d21400198374": "Vince Lombardi Trophy", + "56d71d9d0d65d21400198374": "Vince Lombardi", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198377": "Tiffany & Co", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9357": "CBS", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9358": "Phil Simms", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9359": "Tracy Wolfson", - "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935a": "36", + "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935a": "36 cameras along the upper deck", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935b": "5K", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f7": "CBS", - "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f8": "sidelines", + "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f8": "Evan Washburn on the sidelines", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f9": "360-degree", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fa": "5K", - "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fb": "sidelines", + "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fb": "Tracy Wolfson and Evan Washburn on the sidelines", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837c": "CBS", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837d": "three", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb740": "CBS", - "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb741": "Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", - "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb742": "Tracy Wolfson and Evan Washburn", + "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb741": "Jim Nantz", + "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb742": "Evan Washburn", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb743": "5K", - "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb744": "cameras and microphones", + "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb744": "microphones", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9361": "ESPN Deportes", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9362": "John Sutcliffe", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9363": "Alvaro Martin", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9364": "December 28, 2015", - "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9365": "Spanish", + "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9365": "Spanish-language", "56bf6d343aeaaa14008c961b": "ESPN Deportes", "56d71fc00d65d21400198386": "ESPN Deportes", "56d71fc00d65d21400198389": "John Sutcliffe", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb754": "ESPN Deportes", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb757": "Alvaro Martin", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb758": "John Sutcliffe", - "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9371": "NFL Mobile service", + "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9371": "NFL Mobile", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9372": "WatchESPN", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9373": "CBSSports.com", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9374": "Xbox One", - "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9375": "Windows 10", + "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9375": "Xbox One", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c961f": "CBSSports.com", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9620": "Xbox One", - "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9621": "Verizon Wireless customers", - "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9622": "NFL Mobile", + "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9621": "Verizon Wireless", + "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9622": "NFL Mobile service", "56d7205e0d65d21400198391": "Verizon Communications", "56d7205e0d65d21400198392": "NFL Mobile service", - "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75e": "digital streams", + "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75e": "digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75f": "Verizon Communications", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb760": "WatchESPN", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937b": "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", - "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937c": "The Late Late Show with James Corden", + "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937c": "James Corden", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9631": "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9632": "The Late Late Show with James Corden", "56d720c70d65d21400198396": "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", - "56d720c70d65d21400198397": "Super Bowl 50, beginning with a special episode of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert following the game.", - "56d720c70d65d21400198398": "The Late Late Show with James Corden", + "56d720c70d65d21400198397": "James Corden", + "56d720c70d65d21400198398": "James Corden", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c9389": "$5,000,000", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938a": "Anheuser-Busch InBev", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938b": "Doritos", @@ -590,40 +590,40 @@ "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9637": "Anheuser-Busch InBev", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9638": "Doritos", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9639": "Nintendo and The Pok\u00e9mon Company", - "56d721af0d65d2140019839e": "Nintendo and The Pok\u00e9mon Company", - "56d721af0d65d2140019839f": "Anheuser-Busch InBev", + "56d721af0d65d2140019839e": "The Pok\u00e9mon Company", + "56d721af0d65d2140019839f": "Anheuser-Busch InBev that allowed the beer manufacturer", "56d721af0d65d214001983a0": "Doritos", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb768": "Anheuser-Busch InBev", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb769": "Doritos", - "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb76a": "Crash the Super Bowl\" contest", + "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb76a": "\"Crash the Super Bowl\" contest", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9397": "Small Business Big Game", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9398": "Death Wish Coffee", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9399": "30-second", - "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c939a": "nine", + "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c939a": "nine other contenders from across the United States", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c963f": "Death Wish Coffee", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c9640": "nine", "56d722330d65d214001983a6": "QuickBooks", "56d722330d65d214001983a7": "Death Wish Coffee", - "56d722330d65d214001983a8": "nine other contenders", + "56d722330d65d214001983a8": "nine", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb770": "Death Wish Coffee", - "56d9be16dc89441400fdb771": "Death Wish Coffee", + "56d9be16dc89441400fdb771": "Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks. Death Wish Coffee", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93a9": "Jason Bourne", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93aa": "Gods of Egypt", - "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ab": "Out of the Shadows", + "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ab": "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ac": "Resurgence", "56d723560d65d214001983ac": "Gods of Egypt", "56d723560d65d214001983ad": "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows", "56d723560d65d214001983ae": "Jason Bourne", "56d723560d65d214001983af": "Captain America: Civil War", - "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77b": "Eddie the Eagle", - "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77c": "20th Century Fox, Lionsgate, Paramount Pictures, Universal Studios and Walt Disney Studios", + "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77b": "Deadpool, X-Men: Apocalypse, Independence Day: Resurgence and Eddie the Eagle", + "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77c": "20th Century Fox", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77d": "20th Century Fox", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b1": "Westwood One", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b2": "Kevin Harlan", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b3": "Jim Gray", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b4": "Boomer Esiason", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b5": "James Lofton", - "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9655": "Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts", + "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9655": "Boomer Esiason", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9656": "Kevin Harlan", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b4": "Westwood One", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b5": "Kevin Harlan", @@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78e": "Kevin Harlan", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78f": "Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb790": "James Lofton and Mark Malone", - "56d9c049dc89441400fdb791": "halftime coverage", + "56d9c049dc89441400fdb791": "pre-game", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb792": "North America", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93cf": "KRFX", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d0": "Dave Logan", @@ -642,10 +642,10 @@ "56d724620d65d214001983bf": "Ed McCaffrey", "56d724620d65d214001983c0": "WBT", "56d724620d65d214001983c1": "Mick Mixon", - "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a0": "KOA (850 AM) and KRFX", + "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a0": "KRFX", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a3": "WBT-FM", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e3": "BBC Radio 5 Live", - "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e4": "5 Live Sports Extra", + "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e4": "BBC Radio 5 Live", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e5": "Darren Fletcher", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c8": "BBC Radio 5 Live", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c9": "Greg Brady", @@ -657,7 +657,7 @@ "56d7251d0d65d214001983cc": "39", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cd": "Peyton Manning", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cf": "Harvey Martin", - "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b4": "39 of the 43", + "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b4": "43", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b5": "39", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b6": "Bart Starr", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b7": "Peyton Manning", @@ -666,16 +666,16 @@ "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fe": "national anthem", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93ff": "Academy Award", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9400": "American Sign Language", - "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9401": "American Sign Language", + "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9401": "American Sign Language (ASL", "56d20650e7d4791d00902614": "Lady Gaga", "56d20650e7d4791d00902615": "Marlee Matlin", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d4": "Lady Gaga", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d5": "Marlee Matlin", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c4": "Lady Gaga", - "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c5": "Six-time", + "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c5": "Six", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c6": "Marlee Matlin", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940d": "December 3", - "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940e": "British", + "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940e": "British rock", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940f": "Super Bowl XLVII", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9410": "Hymn for the Weekend", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9411": "Super Bowl XLVIII", @@ -691,15 +691,15 @@ "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9419": "Ronnie Hillman", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941a": "Brandon McManus", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941b": "C. J. Anderson", - "56d728a10d65d21400198413": "18-yard", + "56d728a10d65d21400198413": "18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56d728a10d65d21400198414": "Shaq Thompson", "56d728a10d65d21400198415": "Brandon McManus", - "56d728a10d65d21400198416": "deficit", + "56d728a10d65d21400198416": "a deficit", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d8": "Denver", - "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d9": "tight end Owen Daniels", + "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d9": "Owen Daniels", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7da": "C. J. Anderson", - "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7db": "Thomas Davis", - "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7dc": "deficit", + "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7db": "Owen Daniels", + "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7dc": "a deficit", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942b": "Mike Carey", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942c": "Cam Newton", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942d": "Von Miller", @@ -709,36 +709,36 @@ "56d728e00d65d2140019841d": "Mike Carey", "56d728e00d65d2140019841e": "Von Miller", "56d728e00d65d2140019841f": "Malik Jackson", - "56d728e00d65d21400198420": "1993", + "56d728e00d65d21400198420": "Super Bowl XXVIII", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e7": "Mike Carey", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e8": "Von Miller", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e9": "Malik Jackson", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7ea": "Super Bowl XXVIII", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9435": "Jonathan Stewart", - "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9436": "Brad Nortman", + "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9436": "Jordan Norwood", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9437": "28", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9438": "61", - "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9439": "33", - "56d729180d65d21400198426": "51 yards", + "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9439": "33-yard", + "56d729180d65d21400198426": "51", "56d729180d65d21400198427": "Jonathan Stewart", "56d729180d65d21400198428": "11:28", "56d729180d65d21400198429": "Jordan Norwood", - "56d729180d65d2140019842a": "33", + "56d729180d65d2140019842a": "33-yard", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f0": "Jonathan Stewart", - "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f4": "a 33-yard field goal", + "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f4": "McManus kicked a 33-yard field goal", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9445": "Darian Stewart", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9446": "linebacker", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9447": "Kony Ealy", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9448": "DeMarcus Ware", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9449": "DeMarcus Ware", - "56d729ec0d65d21400198430": "fullback Mike Tolbert", + "56d729ec0d65d21400198430": "Mike Tolbert", "56d729ec0d65d21400198431": "Kony Ealy", - "56d729ec0d65d21400198432": "19 yards", + "56d729ec0d65d21400198432": "19", "56d729ec0d65d21400198434": "Darian Stewart", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb804": "Mike Tolbert", - "56d9c79edc89441400fdb805": "Danny Trevathan", + "56d9c79edc89441400fdb805": "linebacker Danny Trevathan", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb806": "Kony Ealy", - "56d9c79edc89441400fdb807": "the clock.", + "56d9c79edc89441400fdb807": "the clock. The Panthers could not gain any yards with their possession and had to punt.", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb808": "DeMarcus Ware", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9455": "Ted Ginn Jr", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9456": "Graham Gano", @@ -749,7 +749,7 @@ "56d7282f0d65d21400198409": "the uprights", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840a": "T. J. Ward", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840c": "Trevathan", - "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80e": "Ted Ginn Jr", + "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80e": "Ginn", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80f": "26-yard line", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb810": "Graham Gano", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb811": "Emmanuel Sanders", @@ -766,7 +766,7 @@ "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb822": "39-yard", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb823": "three", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946d": "24-yard line", - "56beca913aeaaa14008c946e": "Newton", + "56beca913aeaaa14008c946e": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946f": "Josh Norman", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9470": "Bennie Fowler", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9471": "Bennie Fowler", @@ -774,25 +774,25 @@ "56d726b60d65d214001983eb": "Ward", "56d726b60d65d214001983ec": "Newton", "56d726b60d65d214001983ed": "Josh Norman", - "56d726b60d65d214001983ee": "4:51", + "56d726b60d65d214001983ee": "3:08", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb832": "4:51", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb833": "Miller", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb834": "Ward", - "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb835": "three", + "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb835": "three plays", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb836": "Anderson", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9481": "2\u00bd", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9482": "zero", - "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9483": "four", + "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9483": "all four", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9484": "Thomas Davis", - "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9485": "one interception", - "56d7270c0d65d214001983f4": "one interception", + "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9485": "18 of 41 passes for 265 yards", + "56d7270c0d65d214001983f4": "one interception and zero touchdowns", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f5": "zero", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f6": "Anderson", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f7": "Sanders", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f8": "Thomas Davis", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb842": "Sanders", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb843": "Anderson", - "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb844": "all four of his field goals, making him perfect on all 11 attempts during the post-season.", + "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb844": "all", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb845": "one interception", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb846": "four", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948b": "315 to 194", @@ -802,75 +802,75 @@ "56becb823aeaaa14008c948f": "Manning", "56d7277c0d65d214001983fe": "315 to 194", "56d7277c0d65d214001983ff": "21 to 11", - "56d7277c0d65d21400198401": "the Chicago Bears", - "56d7277c0d65d21400198402": "Denver", - "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84c": "11", + "56d7277c0d65d21400198401": "Chicago Bears", + "56d7277c0d65d21400198402": "same franchise", + "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84c": "21 to 11", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84d": "21 to 11", - "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84e": "Denver", + "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84e": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84f": "Chicago Bears", - "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb850": "Newton", - "5733a5f54776f41900660f45": "the Nobel Prize", + "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb850": "two different teams", + "5733a5f54776f41900660f45": "Nobel Prize", "5733a5f54776f41900660f48": "1745", "5733a5f54776f41900660f44": "Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie", - "5733a5f54776f41900660f46": "Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin", - "5733a5f54776f41900660f47": "seven months", + "5733a5f54776f41900660f46": "W\u0142adys\u0142aw Szpilman and Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin", + "5733a5f54776f41900660f47": "seven months old", "57336755d058e614000b5a3d": "100", - "57336755d058e614000b5a3f": "the Krasi\u0144ski Palace Garden", - "57336755d058e614000b5a3c": "The Saxon Garden", + "57336755d058e614000b5a3f": "Krasi\u0144ski Palace Garden", + "57336755d058e614000b5a3c": "Saxon Garden", "57336755d058e614000b5a3e": "east", "57336755d058e614000b5a40": "The \u0141azienki Park", - "57337ddc4776f41900660bbb": "15 kilometres (9 miles", - "57337ddc4776f41900660bbc": "the otter, beaver", + "57337ddc4776f41900660bbb": "15 kilometres", + "57337ddc4776f41900660bbc": "otter", "57337ddc4776f41900660bba": "13", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbd": "several", - "57337ddc4776f41900660bbe": "to clean them of plants and sediments", + "57337ddc4776f41900660bbe": "clean them of plants and sediments", "57337ea24776f41900660bd0": "Demographically", "57337ea24776f41900660bd3": "833,500", - "57337ea24776f41900660bd2": "34% percent", + "57337ea24776f41900660bd2": "219,000", "57337ea24776f41900660bd1": "Jewish", "57337ea24776f41900660bd4": "internal migration", "57339555d058e614000b5df4": "Warsaw University of Technology", "57339555d058e614000b5df5": "2,000", - "57339555d058e614000b5df6": "the Medical University of Warsaw", + "57339555d058e614000b5df6": "Medical University of Warsaw", "57339555d058e614000b5df3": "1816", - "57339555d058e614000b5df7": "Fryderyk Chopin University of Music", + "57339555d058e614000b5df7": "Fryderyk Chopin", "57339902d058e614000b5e70": "1816", - "57339902d058e614000b5e71": "over two million", - "57339902d058e614000b5e72": "architects", + "57339902d058e614000b5e71": "two million", + "57339902d058e614000b5e72": "architects Marek Budzy\u0144ski and Zbigniew Badowski", "57339902d058e614000b5e73": "Irena Bajerska", - "57339902d058e614000b5e74": "more than 10,000 m2", + "57339902d058e614000b5e74": "10,000 m2", "573399b54776f41900660e64": "infrastructure", "573399b54776f41900660e65": "the initial Three-Year Plan", - "573399b54776f41900660e66": "solid economic growth", - "573399b54776f41900660e67": "improved markedly", + "573399b54776f41900660e66": "solid economic growth, an increase in foreign investment as well as funding from the European Union", + "573399b54776f41900660e67": "improved", "57339a554776f41900660e74": "Warsaw", - "57339a554776f41900660e75": "Children's Memorial Health Institute", + "57339a554776f41900660e75": "Children's Memorial Health Institute (CMHI", "57339a554776f41900660e76": "Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Institute of Oncology", "57339a554776f41900660e77": "700", - "57339a554776f41900660e78": "developed", - "57339ad74776f41900660e86": "musical", + "57339a554776f41900660e78": "developed a lot over the past years", + "57339ad74776f41900660e86": "musical venues, including the Teatr Wielki, the Polish National Opera", "57339ad74776f41900660e87": "events and festivals", "57339ad74776f41900660e88": "Palace of Culture and Science", - "57339ad74776f41900660e89": "the National Theatre, as well as the Roma and Buffo music theatres and the Congress Hall in the Palace of Culture and Science, Warsaw", - "57339ad74776f41900660e8a": "events and festivals", - "57339c16d058e614000b5ec5": "the Summer Theatre", + "57339ad74776f41900660e89": "the Palace of Culture and Science", + "57339ad74776f41900660e8a": "Jazz Jamboree", + "57339c16d058e614000b5ec5": "Summer Theatre", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec6": "Ogr\u00f3d Saski (the Saxon Garden", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec7": "1870 to 1939", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec8": "Momus", - "57339c16d058e614000b5ec9": "The Wojciech Bogus\u0142awski Theatre", - "57339dd94776f41900660ecc": "Wianki (Polish for Wreaths", - "57339dd94776f41900660ecd": "Midsummer\u2019s Night for a festival called Wianki (Polish for Wreaths) have become a tradition", + "57339c16d058e614000b5ec9": "Wojciech Bogus\u0142awski Theatre", + "57339dd94776f41900660ecc": "Wianki", + "57339dd94776f41900660ecd": "thousands of people on the banks of the Vistula on Midsummer\u2019s Night", "57339dd94776f41900660ece": "Midsummer\u2019s Night", - "57339dd94776f41900660ecf": "when they would be married, and to whom", + "57339dd94776f41900660ecf": "when they would be married", "57339dd94776f41900660ed0": "fern", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef6": "art posters", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef7": "60", - "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef8": "prestigious", + "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef8": "60 museums", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef9": "some paintings", "57339eb9d058e614000b5efa": "arms", "5733a1854776f41900660f0a": "the Warsaw Uprising Museum", "5733a1854776f41900660f0b": "Katy\u0144 Museum", - "5733a1854776f41900660f0c": "stereoscopic", + "5733a1854776f41900660f0c": "historic stereoscopic", "5733a1854776f41900660f0d": "Museum of Independence", "5733a1854776f41900660f0e": "60", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f28": "Royal Ujazd\u00f3w Castle", @@ -882,175 +882,175 @@ "5733a32bd058e614000b5f33": "1946", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f34": "twice", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f35": "Konwiktorska Street", - "5733a32bd058e614000b5f36": "their disastrous financial situation", + "5733a32bd058e614000b5f36": "disastrous financial situation", "5733a45d4776f41900660f23": "syrenka", "5733a45d4776f41900660f24": "The mermaid", - "5733a45d4776f41900660f25": "at least the mid-14th century", + "5733a45d4776f41900660f25": "mid-14th century", "5733a45d4776f41900660f26": "1390", "5733a45d4776f41900660f27": "a sword", - "5733a560d058e614000b5f77": "the port of Copenhagen. The second mermaid", - "5733a560d058e614000b5f78": "Denmark", - "5733a560d058e614000b5f79": "coast of Denmark", + "5733a560d058e614000b5f77": "two of Triton's daughters", + "5733a560d058e614000b5f78": "oceans and seas", + "5733a560d058e614000b5f79": "coast of Denmark and can be seen sitting at the entrance to the port of Copenhagen", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7a": "Warszowa", - "5733a560d058e614000b5f7b": "captured", + "5733a560d058e614000b5f7b": "captured the mermaid", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f58": "Warsaw", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f59": "1916", - "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5a": "the Art Deco style", + "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5a": "Art Deco", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5b": "Israeli poet", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5c": "Isaac Bashevis Singer", "573312fcd058e614000b56e6": "Economist Intelligence Unit", "573312fcd058e614000b56e7": "2012", "573312fcd058e614000b56e8": "FMCG manufacturing", - "573312fcd058e614000b56e9": "Warsaw Stock Exchange", + "573312fcd058e614000b56e9": "The Warsaw Stock Exchange", "573312fcd058e614000b56ea": "Frontex", "5733140a4776f419006606e0": "1313", "5733140a4776f419006606e1": "Krak\u00f3w", "5733140a4776f419006606e2": "1596", "5733140a4776f419006606e3": "King Sigismund III Vasa", - "5733140a4776f419006606e4": "because it has survived many wars, conflicts and invasions throughout its long history.", + "5733140a4776f419006606e4": "because it has survived many wars, conflicts and invasions throughout its long history", "573314e3d058e614000b56f0": "Roman Catholic", "573314e3d058e614000b56f1": "the Polish Academy of Sciences", "573314e3d058e614000b56f2": "UNESCO World Heritage Site", - "573314e3d058e614000b56f3": "architectural", + "573314e3d058e614000b56f3": "Castle Square", "573314e3d058e614000b56f4": "luxurious parks and royal gardens", "57332442d058e614000b5720": "Warszawa", - "57332442d058e614000b5721": "belonging to Warsz", - "57332442d058e614000b5722": "a 12th/13th-century nobleman", + "57332442d058e614000b5721": "\"belonging to Warsz", + "57332442d058e614000b5722": "12th/13th-century nobleman", "57332442d058e614000b5723": "a village", - "57332442d058e614000b5724": "The Capital City of Warsaw", + "57332442d058e614000b5724": "The Capital City of Warsaw\").", "57332562d058e614000b5730": "Jazd\u00f3w", - "57332562d058e614000b5731": "Boles\u0142aw II of Masovia", + "57332562d058e614000b5731": "Prince of P\u0142ock", "57332562d058e614000b5732": "1300", "57332562d058e614000b5733": "1413", "57332562d058e614000b5734": "1526", - "5733266d4776f41900660712": "the General Sejm", + "5733266d4776f41900660712": "General Sejm", "5733266d4776f41900660713": "1569", "5733266d4776f41900660714": "religious freedom", - "5733266d4776f41900660715": "its central location", + "5733266d4776f41900660715": "Due to its central location", "5733266d4776f41900660716": "1596", "57332a734776f41900660726": "1796", - "57332a734776f41900660727": "Kingdom of Prussia", - "57332a734776f41900660728": "Napoleon's army", + "57332a734776f41900660727": "Prussia", + "57332a734776f41900660728": "Napoleon", "57332a734776f41900660729": "1815", "57332a734776f4190066072a": "1816", - "57332b66d058e614000b5758": "November 1918", - "57332b66d058e614000b5759": "Warsaw", + "57332b66d058e614000b5758": "4 August 1915 until November 1918", + "57332b66d058e614000b5759": "Russia in 1914, which included Warsaw", "57332b66d058e614000b575a": "Pi\u0142sudski", "57332b66d058e614000b575b": "1920", - "57332b66d058e614000b575c": "the Red Army", + "57332b66d058e614000b575c": "Red Army", "57332c1e4776f4190066073a": "1 September 1939", "57332c1e4776f4190066073b": "German Nazi colonial administration", "57332c1e4776f4190066073c": "30%", "57332c1e4776f4190066073d": "19 April 1943", "57332c1e4776f4190066073e": "almost a month", - "57332e48d058e614000b5762": "the Red Army", - "57332e48d058e614000b5763": "Knowing that Stalin", + "57332e48d058e614000b5762": "Red Army", + "57332e48d058e614000b5763": "Stalin", "57332e48d058e614000b5764": "1 August 1944", "57332e48d058e614000b5765": "63", "57332e48d058e614000b5766": "150,000 and 200,000", - "57332f81d058e614000b5776": "Bricks for Warsaw", + "57332f81d058e614000b5776": "\"Bricks for Warsaw", "57332f81d058e614000b5777": "prefabricated", - "57332f81d058e614000b5778": "Palace of Culture and Science", + "57332f81d058e614000b5778": "Eastern Bloc city", "57332f81d058e614000b5779": "Palace of Culture and Science", - "57332f81d058e614000b577a": "World Heritage list", + "57332f81d058e614000b577a": "UNESCO's World Heritage list", "573330444776f41900660758": "John Paul II", - "573330444776f41900660759": "anti-communist fervor", + "573330444776f41900660759": "the budding solidarity movement", "573330444776f4190066075a": "less than a year", "573330444776f4190066075b": "Victory Square", - "573330444776f4190066075c": "the incentive for", - "5733314e4776f4190066076a": "300 km", - "5733314e4776f4190066076b": "523 km (325 mi", + "573330444776f4190066075c": "incentive for the democratic changes", + "5733314e4776f4190066076a": "300", + "5733314e4776f4190066076b": "523 km (325 mi) east of Berlin, Germany", "5733314e4776f4190066076c": "Vistula River", "5733314e4776f4190066076d": "115.7 metres", - "5733314e4776f4190066076e": "75.6 metres (248.0 ft) (at the right bank", - "57335c20d058e614000b58f9": "two", + "5733314e4776f4190066076e": "75.6 metres (248.0 ft) (at the right bank of the Vistula, by the eastern border", + "57335c20d058e614000b58f9": "two main geomorphologic formations: the plain moraine plateau", "57335c20d058e614000b58fa": "Vistula Valley", - "57335c20d058e614000b58fc": "the moraine plateau", + "57335c20d058e614000b58fc": "moraine plateau", "57335c20d058e614000b58fb": "The Vistula River", "57335c20d058e614000b58fd": "Warsaw Escarpment", - "57335ddbd058e614000b592f": "plain moraine", - "57335ddbd058e614000b5930": "Aeolian sand with a number of dunes parted by peat swamps or small ponds cover the highest terrace", + "57335ddbd058e614000b592f": "plain moraine plateau", + "57335ddbd058e614000b5930": "Aeolian sand", "57335ddbd058e614000b5931": "valleys and ground depressions", - "57335ddbd058e614000b5932": "the highest terrace", + "57335ddbd058e614000b5932": "the highest terrace. These are mainly forested areas", "57335ddbd058e614000b5933": "pine forest", "57335fcad058e614000b5970": "the turbulent history", "57335fcad058e614000b5971": "Second World War", "57335fcad058e614000b5972": "After liberation", "57335fcad058e614000b5973": "Leopold Kronenberg Palace", - "57335fcad058e614000b5974": "basic design", + "57335fcad058e614000b5974": "Eastern bloc countries", "573361404776f4190066093c": "Gothic", "573361404776f4190066093d": "14th century", "573361404776f4190066093e": "Masovian gothic style", - "573361404776f4190066093f": "Renaissance architecture", + "573361404776f4190066093f": "Renaissance", "573361404776f41900660940": "mannerist architecture", "573362b94776f41900660974": "17th century", - "573362b94776f41900660975": "1688\u20131692", - "573362b94776f41900660976": "rococo architecture", - "573362b94776f41900660977": "The neoclassical architecture", + "573362b94776f41900660975": "17th century", + "573362b94776f41900660976": "rococo", + "573362b94776f41900660977": "neoclassical architecture", "573362b94776f41900660978": "1775\u20131795", "5733638fd058e614000b59e8": "bourgeois", - "5733638fd058e614000b59e9": "\u2019s right bank) have been restored although many have been poorly maintained.", - "5733638fd058e614000b59ea": "socialist realism", + "5733638fd058e614000b59e9": "Exceptional examples of the bourgeois architecture", + "5733638fd058e614000b59ea": "Palais Garnier", "5733638fd058e614000b59eb": "the Warsaw University of Technology building", - "5733638fd058e614000b59ec": "most distinctive buildings", - "5733647e4776f419006609ae": "many places", + "5733638fd058e614000b59ec": "rebuild the Saxon Palace and the Br\u00fchl Palace, the most distinctive buildings", + "5733647e4776f419006609ae": "places", "5733647e4776f419006609af": "Pawiak", - "5733647e4776f419006609b0": "The Warsaw Citadel", + "5733647e4776f419006609b0": "Warsaw Citadel", "5733647e4776f419006609b1": "the children", - "5733647e4776f419006609b2": "Warsaw Uprising Monument", - "573368044776f41900660a29": "Other green spaces", + "5733647e4776f419006609b2": "the impressive Warsaw Uprising Monument by Wincenty Ku\u0107ma", + "573368044776f41900660a29": "green spaces in the city include the Botanic Garden and the University Library garden", "573368044776f41900660a2a": "New Orangery", "573368044776f41900660a2b": "Mokot\u00f3w", "573368044776f41900660a2c": "Park Ujazdowski", "573368044776f41900660a2d": "1927", - "573368e54776f41900660a53": "location", - "573368e54776f41900660a54": "within the borders of Warsaw", - "573368e54776f41900660a55": "the Masovian Primeval Forest", - "573368e54776f41900660a56": "Kabaty Forest", + "573368e54776f41900660a53": "mainly due to the location of Warsaw within the border region of several big floral regions", + "573368e54776f41900660a54": "borders of Warsaw", + "573368e54776f41900660a55": "Masovian Primeval Forest", + "573368e54776f41900660a56": "Kabaty", "573368e54776f41900660a57": "two", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcb": "1,300,000", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcc": "420,000", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcd": "1951", - "57337f6ad058e614000b5bce": "that Varsovians thought of themselves as better", + "57337f6ad058e614000b5bce": "some kind of conviction among Poles that Varsovians thought of themselves as better", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcf": "residency registration", "57338007d058e614000b5bda": "multi-cultural", "57338007d058e614000b5bdb": "711,988", "57338007d058e614000b5bdc": "56.2%", - "57338007d058e614000b5bdd": "2.4%)", - "57338007d058e614000b5bde": "the Warsaw Uprising of 1944", + "57338007d058e614000b5bdd": "2.8% Protestants. Eight years later, in 1909, there were 281,754 Jews (36.9%), 18,189", + "57338007d058e614000b5bde": "1944", "573380e0d058e614000b5be9": "a commune", - "573380e0d058e614000b5bea": "counties", - "573380e0d058e614000b5beb": "Krak\u00f3w", + "573380e0d058e614000b5bea": "counties or powiats", + "573380e0d058e614000b5beb": "Krak\u00f3w are of the same type for all districts", "57338160d058e614000b5bf9": "a unicameral Warsaw City Council", "57338160d058e614000b5bfa": "60", - "57338160d058e614000b5bfb": "every four years", + "57338160d058e614000b5bfb": "four years", "57338160d058e614000b5bfc": "committees", "57338160d058e614000b5bfd": "30 days", "57338255d058e614000b5c0d": "President", "57338255d058e614000b5c0e": "Jan Andrzej Menich", - "57338255d058e614000b5c0f": "1975 and 1990", - "57338255d058e614000b5c10": "the City council", + "57338255d058e614000b5c0f": "1695\u20131696", + "57338255d058e614000b5c10": "City council", "57338255d058e614000b5c11": "Centrum", "573382d24776f41900660c37": "\u015ar\u00f3dmie\u015bcie", "573382d24776f41900660c38": "304,016", - "573382d24776f41900660c39": "emerging market", + "573382d24776f41900660c39": "MasterCard Emerging Market Index has noted Warsaw's economic strength and commercial center. Moreover, Warsaw was ranked as the 7th greatest emerging market", "573382d24776f41900660c3a": "12%", "573382d24776f41900660c3b": "191.766 billion PLN", "5733834ed058e614000b5c26": "1817", - "5733834ed058e614000b5c27": "the country and the reintroduction of a free-market economy.", + "5733834ed058e614000b5c27": "World War II", "5733834ed058e614000b5c28": "April 1991", "5733834ed058e614000b5c29": "374", "5733834ed058e614000b5c2a": "Polish United Workers' Party", "573383d0d058e614000b5c35": "1951", - "573383d0d058e614000b5c36": "Chevrolet Aveo", + "573383d0d058e614000b5c36": "Fiat 125p", "573383d0d058e614000b5c37": "Daewoo", - "573383d0d058e614000b5c38": "AvtoZAZ", - "573383d0d058e614000b5c39": "Chevrolet Aveo", - "573166ede6313a140071cef2": "the capital and largest city", + "573383d0d058e614000b5c38": "Daewoo", + "573383d0d058e614000b5c39": "Chevrolet Aveo. The license for the production of the Aveo", + "573166ede6313a140071cef2": "Warsaw", "573166ede6313a140071cef3": "Warsaw", - "573166ede6313a140071cef4": "Vistula River", + "573166ede6313a140071cef4": "Vistula", "573166ede6313a140071cef5": "2.666 million", - "573166ede6313a140071cef6": "9th", + "573166ede6313a140071cef6": "1.740 million", "5732b6b5328d981900602021": "Warsaw", "5732b6b5328d981900602022": "Vistula River", "5732b6b5328d981900602023": "260 kilometres", @@ -1060,38 +1060,38 @@ "56ddde6b9a695914005b9629": "10th and 11th centuries", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962a": "Denmark, Iceland and Norway", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962b": "Rollo", - "56ddde6b9a695914005b962c": "10th century", + "56ddde6b9a695914005b962c": "10th", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad5f": "William the Conqueror", - "56dddf4066d3e219004dad60": "Richard I of Normandy", - "56dddf4066d3e219004dad61": "Christian piety", - "56dde0379a695914005b9636": ", or Nordmannus (recorded in Medieval Latin, 9th century) to mean \"Norseman, Viking\".", + "56dddf4066d3e219004dad60": "Richard I", + "56dddf4066d3e219004dad61": "Catholic orthodoxy", + "56dde0379a695914005b9636": "Northman", "56dde0379a695914005b9637": "9th century", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad75": "911", - "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad76": "King Charles III of West Francia", - "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad77": "Saint-Clair-sur-Epte", - "56dde1d966d3e219004dad8d": "Rollo", - "56dde27d9a695914005b9651": "the Norse religion", + "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad76": "King Charles III", + "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad77": "Seine", + "56dde1d966d3e219004dad8d": "Danes", + "56dde27d9a695914005b9651": "Norse religion and Old Norse language with Catholicism (Christianity", "56dde27d9a695914005b9652": "north of France", "56dde2fa66d3e219004dad9b": "fighting horsemen", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9660": "999", - "56dde3aa9a695914005b9661": "the Archangel Michael", + "56dde3aa9a695914005b9661": "Monte Gargano", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9662": "Monte Gargano", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b595": "Drogo", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b596": "William Iron Arm", - "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59a": "the Saracens", + "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59a": "Saracens", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59b": "1130", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59c": "Squillace", "56de0ed14396321400ee2579": "Kitab Rudjdjar", "56de0ed14396321400ee257a": "The Book of Roger", "56de0ed14396321400ee257b": "meritocratic", - "56de0f6a4396321400ee257f": "Seljuk Turks", + "56de0f6a4396321400ee257f": "Pechenegs, the Bulgars, and especially the Seljuk Turks", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258d": "1050s", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258e": "1060s", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258f": "Alexius Komnenos", - "56de10b44396321400ee2593": "Afranji, meaning \"Franks", - "56de10b44396321400ee2594": "Raimbaud", - "56de10b44396321400ee2595": "Turkish forces", - "56de11154396321400ee25aa": "Norman mercenary origin", + "56de10b44396321400ee2593": "Afranji", + "56de10b44396321400ee2594": "A Norman named Oursel", + "56de10b44396321400ee2595": "Armenians vassal-states of Sassoun and Taron in far eastern Anatolia. Later, many took up service with the Armenian state", + "56de11154396321400ee25aa": "Italo-Norman", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bc": "Robert Guiscard", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bd": "February 1082", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5be": "30,000", @@ -1100,32 +1100,32 @@ "56de15104396321400ee25b9": "Deabolis", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c2": "1185", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c3": "Dyrrachium", - "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c4": "Dyrrachium", - "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c8": "King Ethelred II of England", - "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c9": "Duke Richard II of Normandy", + "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c4": "Adriatic", + "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c8": "King Ethelred II", + "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c9": "Duke Richard II", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5ca": "Normandy", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5cb": "Sweyn Forkbeard", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d0": "Harthacnut", - "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d1": "1041", + "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d1": "41", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d2": "Robert of Jumi\u00e8ges", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c5": "Battle of Hastings", - "56de16ca4396321400ee25c6": "Duke William II of Normandy", + "56de16ca4396321400ee25c6": "Duke William II of Normandy conquered England killing King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c7": "1066", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c8": "Anglo-Saxons", - "56de1728cffd8e1900b4b5d7": "absorbed into the Anglo-Saxon language of their subjects (see Old English", + "56de1728cffd8e1900b4b5d7": "the Latin language", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5da": "1169", - "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5db": "Irish culture and history after their invasion at Bannow Bay", + "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5db": "Bannow Bay", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5dc": "Irish culture", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e0": "Edgar Atheling", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e1": "King Malcolm III", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e2": "1072", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e3": "Duncan", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6be": "Sybilla of Normandy", - "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6bf": "Normans", + "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6bf": "Norman", "56de3d594396321400ee26ca": "Hereford", "56de3d594396321400ee26cb": "the Welsh", "56de3d594396321400ee26cc": "Edward the Confessor", - "56de3dbacffd8e1900b4b6d2": "the Marches", + "56de3dbacffd8e1900b4b6d2": "Wales", "56de3e414396321400ee26d8": "1018", "56de3e414396321400ee26d9": "William of Montreuil", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e6": "1097", @@ -1139,36 +1139,36 @@ "56de40da4396321400ee2708": "Conrad of Montferrat", "56de40da4396321400ee2709": "silver chains", "56de40da4396321400ee270a": "Guy de Lusignan", - "56de41504396321400ee2714": "Richard", + "56de41504396321400ee2714": "King Sancho VI of Navarre", "56de41504396321400ee2715": "12 May 1191", "56de41504396321400ee2716": "double", "56de48f34396321400ee2770": "1489", - "56de48f34396321400ee2771": "the Knights Templar", - "56de49564396321400ee277a": "Africa", - "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a7": "Jean's nephew Maciot de Bethencourt", - "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a8": "Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", - "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a9": "Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", + "56de48f34396321400ee2771": "Knights Templar", + "56de49564396321400ee277a": "Atlantic coast of Africa", + "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a7": "Bethencourt", + "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a8": "Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n, 2nd Count de Niebla", + "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a9": "Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n, 2nd Count de Niebla", "56de4a474396321400ee2786": "Channel Islands", "56de4a474396321400ee2787": "two", - "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7bd": "Romanesque idiom", - "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7be": "rounded", + "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7bd": "Romanesque", + "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7be": "rounded arches, particularly over windows and doorways, and massive proportions", "56de4b074396321400ee2793": "Early Gothic", - "56de4b074396321400ee2794": "Anglo-Saxon and precedes the Early Gothic", + "56de4b074396321400ee2794": "Early Gothic", "56de4b074396321400ee2795": "Kingdom of Sicily", "56de4b5c4396321400ee2799": "11th century", - "56de4b5c4396321400ee279a": "the dukes", + "56de4b5c4396321400ee279a": "the dukes as a unifying force for their disparate duchy", "56de4bb84396321400ee27a2": "16th century", "56de4c324396321400ee27ab": "embroidery", "56de4c324396321400ee27ac": "Bayeux Tapestry", "56de4c324396321400ee27ad": "Odo", - "56de51244396321400ee27ef": "mosaics", + "56de51244396321400ee27ef": "sculptured fonts, capitals, and more importantly mosaics", "56de51c64396321400ee27f7": "11th century", - "56de51c64396321400ee27f8": "William of Volpiano", + "56de51c64396321400ee27f8": "Italian abbots, William of Volpiano", "56de52614396321400ee27fb": "southern Italy", "56de52614396321400ee27fc": "Sant'Eufemia", "56de52614396321400ee27fd": "Robert Guiscard", "56de52614396321400ee27fe": "singing", - "56df9e2838dc4217001520f6": "10 July 1856", + "56df9e2838dc4217001520f6": "1856", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f8": "Serbian American", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f9": "7 January 1943", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b7": "10 July 1856", @@ -1179,7 +1179,7 @@ "56df9ee138dc421700152109": "Thomas Edison", "56df9ee138dc42170015210a": "George Westinghouse", "56df9ee138dc42170015210b": "New York City", - "56df9ee138dc42170015210c": "War of Currents", + "56df9ee138dc42170015210c": "corporate alternating current/direct current \"War of Currents", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c1": "1884", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c2": "Thomas Edison", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c3": "New York City", @@ -1190,81 +1190,81 @@ "56dfa01738dc42170015211f": "mechanical oscillators/generators", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35b": "Colorado Springs", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35c": "1893", - "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35d": "wireless controlled boat", - "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35e": "Wardenclyffe Tower project", + "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35d": "a wireless controlled boat", + "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35e": "Wardenclyffe Tower", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb7": "7 January 1943", - "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb8": "the SI unit of magnetic flux density the tesla", + "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb8": "magnetic flux density the tesla", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb9": "New York hotels", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebba": "mad scientist", - "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cb": "money", - "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cc": "1943", - "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cd": "magnetic flux density the tesla", - "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6ce": "since the 1990s", - "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cf": "his achievements and showmanship", - "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc1": "Croatia", - "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc2": "a Serbian Orthodox priest", - "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc3": "eidetic memory", + "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cb": "much of which was used to finance his own projects", + "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cc": "7 January 1943", + "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cd": "tesla", + "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6ce": "1990s", + "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cf": "showmanship", + "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc1": "Austrian Empire (modern-day Croatia", + "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc2": "Serbian Orthodox priest", + "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc3": "eidetic", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc4": "his mother", - "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36b": "a Serbian Orthodox priest", + "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36b": "Serbian Orthodox priest", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36c": "Milutin Tesla", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36d": "\u0110uka Tesla (n\u00e9e Mandi\u0107", - "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36e": "talent for making home craft tools, mechanical appliances", - "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36f": "his mother's genetics and influence", - "56dfa1d34a1a83140091ebd4": "five", + "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36e": "making home craft tools, mechanical appliances, and the ability to memorize Serbian epic poems", + "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36f": "western Serbia", + "56dfa1d34a1a83140091ebd4": "Milka, Angelina and Marica", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd6": "German", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd7": "1862", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac375": "Dane", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac376": "Milka, Angelina and Marica", - "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac377": "a horse-riding accident", + "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac377": "killed in a horse-riding accident", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac378": "Gospi\u0107", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac379": "pastor", "56dfa24a38dc421700152142": "Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56dfa24a38dc421700152143": "German", "56dfa24a38dc421700152144": "integral calculus", - "56dfa24a38dc421700152145": "cheating", + "56dfa24a38dc421700152145": "integral calculus", "56dfa24a38dc421700152146": "1873", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d5": "1870", - "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d6": "attend school", + "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d6": "1870, Tesla moved to Karlovac, to attend school at the Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d7": "Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d8": "German", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d9": "1873", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf2": "cholera", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf3": "nine months", - "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf4": "send him to the best engineering school", - "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf5": "enter the priesthood", + "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf4": "engineering school", + "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf5": "priesthood", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf6": "Smiljan", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6df": "1873", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e0": "cholera", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e1": "nine months", - "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e2": "enter the priesthood", - "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e3": "send him to the best engineering school", + "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e2": "priesthood", + "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e3": "engineering school", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfc": "Tomingaj", - "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfd": "Mark Twain's works", + "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfd": "Mark Twain", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfe": "the mountains", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebff": "1874", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ec00": "hunter's garb", - "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac389": "being drafted into", + "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac389": "drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38a": "1874", - "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38b": "he explored the mountains", + "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38b": "hunter's garb. Tesla said that this contact with nature made him stronger, both physically and mentally. He read many books", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38c": "Mark Twain", "56dfa3c338dc421700152154": "1875", "56dfa3c338dc421700152155": "Austrian Polytechnic", "56dfa3c338dc421700152156": "1879", "56dfa3c338dc421700152157": "gambling", - "56dfa3c338dc421700152158": "the US.", - "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ab": "Graz, Austria", - "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ac": "1875", + "56dfa3c338dc421700152158": "never", + "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ab": "Graz", + "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ac": "75", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ad": "1879", - "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ae": "gambled away", + "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ae": "gambled away his allowance and his tuition money", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3af": "killed through overwork", - "56dfa7887aa994140058dfa9": "severed all relations", - "56dfa7887aa994140058dfaa": "to hide the fact that", + "56dfa7887aa994140058dfa9": "severed all relations with his family to hide the fact that he dropped out of school", + "56dfa7887aa994140058dfaa": "hide the fact that he dropped out of school", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfab": "draftsman", - "56dfa7887aa994140058dfac": "beg his son to return home", + "56dfa7887aa994140058dfac": "cards", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfad": "nervous breakdown", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e717": "December 1878", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e718": "he dropped out of school", - "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e719": "he had drowned", + "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e719": "the Mur River", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71a": "draftsman", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71b": "nervous breakdown", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbd": "not having a residence permit", @@ -1275,19 +1275,19 @@ "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3bf": "not having a residence permit", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c0": "24 March 1879", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c1": "Higher Real Gymnasium", - "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c2": "the age of 60 after contracting an unspecified illness (although some sources say that he died of a stroke", + "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c2": "Milutin Tesla died at the age of 60 after contracting an unspecified illness (although some sources say that he died of a stroke", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5b": "Prague", - "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5c": "too late", - "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5e": "too late", + "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5c": "Charles-Ferdinand University", + "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5e": "Charles-Ferdinand University", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5f": "Charles-Ferdinand University", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c7": "Prague", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c8": "January 1880", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c9": "Charles-Ferdinand University", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3ca": "two of Tesla's uncles", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc7": "Budapest", - "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc8": "the Budapest Telephone Exchange", + "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc8": "Budapest Telephone Exchange", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc9": "chief electrician", - "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfca": "a telephone repeater or amplifier", + "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfca": "a telephone repeater", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfcb": "chief electrician", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fc": "1881", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fd": "the Budapest Telephone Exchange", @@ -1297,80 +1297,80 @@ "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc84": "France", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc85": "New York City", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc86": "Thomas Edison", - "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc87": "New York City", - "56e0d54a7aa994140058e769": "France", + "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc87": "New York City:57\u201360 where he was hired by Thomas Edison to work at his Edison Machine Works", + "56e0d54a7aa994140058e769": "Edison Machine Works", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76a": "France", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76b": "June 1884", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76c": "Thomas Edison", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76d": "Manhattan's lower east side", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00d": "fifty thousand dollars", - "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00e": "a US$10 a week raise", + "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00e": "US$10 a week raise", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e010": "months", "56e0d6367aa994140058e773": "fifty thousand dollars", "56e0d6367aa994140058e774": "our American humor", - "56e0d6367aa994140058e775": "a US$10 a week raise", - "56dfb5777aa994140058e021": "two businessmen", + "56e0d6367aa994140058e775": "US$10 a week raise", + "56dfb5777aa994140058e021": "Robert Lane", "56dfb5777aa994140058e022": "electric lighting company", - "56dfb5777aa994140058e023": "electrical arc light based illumination", - "56dfb5777aa994140058e024": "patents", + "56dfb5777aa994140058e023": "electrical arc light based illumination systems", + "56dfb5777aa994140058e024": "electrical arc light based illumination systems designed by Tesla and also had designs for dynamo electric machine commutators", "56dfb5777aa994140058e025": "electric lighting", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac420": "Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac421": "1886", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac422": "Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing", - "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac423": "electrical arc light based illumination", + "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac423": "electrical arc light based illumination systems", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac424": "Tesla", - "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb5": "forced Tesla out", + "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb5": "forced Tesla out leaving him penniless", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb6": "penniless", - "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb8": "ditch digger", + "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb8": "a ditch digger", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb9": "1886/1887", - "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42b": "he had assigned them to the company in lieu of stock.", + "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42b": "assigned them to the company", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42c": "ditch digger", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42d": "ditch digger", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc0": "a Western Union superintendent", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc1": "April 1887", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc2": "\u2153", - "56dfb666231d4119001abcc3": "89 Liberty Street", + "56dfb666231d4119001abcc3": "89 Liberty Street in Manhattan", "56e0d810231d4119001ac432": "late 1886", "56e0d810231d4119001ac433": "Western Union superintendent", "56e0d810231d4119001ac434": "Alfred S. Brown", - "56e0d810231d4119001ac435": "89 Liberty Street", + "56e0d810231d4119001ac435": "89 Liberty Street in Manhattan", "56e0d810231d4119001ac436": "Tesla Electric Company", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e053": "an induction motor", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e054": "May 1888", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e055": "commutator", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e056": "sparking", - "56dfb6d17aa994140058e057": "induction motor", + "56dfb6d17aa994140058e057": "simple self-starting", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43c": "1887", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43d": "alternating current", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43e": "commutator", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43f": "May 1888", - "56e057e1231d4119001ac043": "editor of Electrical World magazine", + "56e057e1231d4119001ac043": "Electrical World magazine, Thomas Commerford Martin (a friend and publicist", "56e057e1231d4119001ac044": "American Institute of Electrical Engineers", "56e057e1231d4119001ac045": "1888", - "56e057e1231d4119001ac046": "decided Tesla's patent would probably control the market.", + "56e057e1231d4119001ac046": "Tesla's patent would probably control the market", "56e057e1231d4119001ac047": "Thomas Commerford Martin", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e779": "Thomas Commerford Martin", - "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77a": "George Westinghouse", - "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77b": "the Italian physicist Galileo Ferraris", - "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77c": "rotating magnetic field-based induction motor", + "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77a": "Westinghouse", + "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77b": "AC motor and related power system", + "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77c": "commutator-less, rotating magnetic field-based induction motor", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77d": "Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company", "56e05900231d4119001ac04d": "1888", "56e05900231d4119001ac04e": "$60,000", - "56e05900231d4119001ac04f": "George Westinghouse", - "56e05900231d4119001ac051": "licensing deal", + "56e05900231d4119001ac04f": "Westinghouse", + "56e05900231d4119001ac051": "$2,000 ($52,700 in today's dollars) per month to be a consultant", "56e0dc667aa994140058e783": "$60,000", "56e0dc667aa994140058e784": "July 1888", - "56e0dc667aa994140058e785": "52,700", - "56e0dc667aa994140058e786": "Pittsburgh labs", + "56e0dc667aa994140058e785": "$2,000 ($52,700", + "56e0dc667aa994140058e786": "Pittsburgh", "56e059c8231d4119001ac057": "Pittsburgh", "56e059c8231d4119001ac058": "an alternating current system to power the city's streetcars", "56e059c8231d4119001ac059": "60", - "56e059c8231d4119001ac05a": "DC traction motor", - "56e0e518231d4119001ac444": "power the city's streetcars", + "56e059c8231d4119001ac05a": "DC traction", + "56e0e518231d4119001ac444": "streetcars", "56e0e518231d4119001ac445": "DC traction motor", "56e05a78231d4119001ac062": "Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse", "56e05a78231d4119001ac063": "lighting systems", - "56e05a78231d4119001ac064": "AC development", + "56e05a78231d4119001ac064": "AC", "56e05a78231d4119001ac065": "General Electric", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78b": "AC", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78c": "Thomas Edison", @@ -1380,30 +1380,30 @@ "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cd": "George Westinghouse", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1ce": "Chicago", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cf": "General Electric", - "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d0": "Tesla Polyphase System", - "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d1": "Tesla Polyphase System", + "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d0": "\"Tesla Polyphase System", + "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d1": "the \"Tesla Polyphase System", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d5": "George Westinghouse", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d6": "Chicago", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d7": "1893", - "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d8": "alternating current", + "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d8": "AC power", "56e0812c231d4119001ac213": "Richard Dean Adams", "56e0812c231d4119001ac214": "Niagara Falls Cataract", "56e0812c231d4119001ac215": "Westinghouse Electric", "56e0812c231d4119001ac216": "General Electric", - "56e0812c231d4119001ac217": "two-phased", + "56e0812c231d4119001ac217": "two-phase and three-phase AC", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac459": "Richard Dean Adams", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45a": "1893", - "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45b": "two-phased", - "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45c": "reliable", + "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45b": "two-phase and three-phase AC", + "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45c": "most reliable", "56e089ab231d4119001ac285": "1896", - "56e089ab231d4119001ac287": "216,000", - "56e089ab231d4119001ac288": "$2.50 per AC horsepower", + "56e089ab231d4119001ac287": "$216,000", + "56e089ab231d4119001ac288": "$2.50", "56e089ab231d4119001ac289": "$200,000", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac462": "J. P. Morgan", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac463": "$200,000", - "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac464": "216,000", + "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac464": "$216,000", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5da": "35", - "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5db": "South Fifth Avenue", + "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5db": "New York", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dc": "electric lamps", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dd": "the Tesla coil", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac468": "30 July 1891", @@ -1412,36 +1412,36 @@ "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46b": "wireless power transmission", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac299": "American Institute of Electrical Engineers", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29a": "American Institute of Electrical Engineers", - "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29d": "1892 to 1894", + "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29d": "1894", "56e0f019231d4119001ac470": "vice president", "56e0f019231d4119001ac471": "1892 to 1894", "56e0f019231d4119001ac472": "Institute of Radio Engineers", - "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a4": "he had noticed damaged film", + "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a4": "invisible\"", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a5": "the 5th Avenue laboratory fire", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a6": "December 1895", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a7": "the metal locking screw", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c8": "1894", - "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c9": "invisible\" kinds", - "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4ca": "the 5th Avenue laboratory fire", + "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c9": "invisible\"", + "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4ca": "the 5th Avenue laboratory fire of March 1895", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cb": "X-ray", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cc": "Mark Twain", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ad": "X-ray imaging", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ae": "March 1896", - "56e08d32231d4119001ac2af": "braking radiation", + "56e08d32231d4119001ac2af": "bremsstrahlung or braking radiation", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b0": "X-rays", - "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b1": "the Tesla Coil", + "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b1": "Tesla Coil", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d4": "March 1896", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d5": "the Tesla Coil", - "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d6": "X-ray", + "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d6": "radiography", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b7": "longitudinal waves", - "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b8": "the ozone generated in contact with the skin, and to a lesser extent, by nitrous acid. Tesla incorrectly believed that X-rays were longitudinal waves", - "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b9": "ozone", - "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2ba": "his circuit and single-node X-ray-producing devices", - "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2bb": "plasmas", - "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ee": "the ozone generated in contact with the skin, and to a lesser extent, by nitrous acid. Tesla incorrectly believed that X-rays were longitudinal waves", + "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b8": "various causes", + "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b9": "ozone generated in contact with the skin", + "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2ba": "X-ray-producing devices", + "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2bb": "magnetic fields", + "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ee": "Roentgen rays, but by the ozone generated in contact with the skin, and to a lesser extent, by nitrous acid", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ef": "longitudinal waves", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f0": "plasmas", - "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f1": "his many notes", + "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f1": "the ozone generated in contact with the skin, and to a lesser extent, by nitrous acid", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e795": "Benjamin Lamme", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e796": "1893", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e797": "Westinghouse Electric", @@ -1449,78 +1449,78 @@ "56e0ed557aa994140058e7e0": "Tesla", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e859": "11 July 1934", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85a": "physically strike him", - "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85b": "a sharp stinging pain", + "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85b": "physically strike him. \"Tesla said he could feel a sharp stinging pain", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85c": "bits of metal", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac525": "National Electric Light Association", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac526": "the Tesla Coil", - "56e0fb14231d4119001ac527": "the Franklin Institute", - "56e0fb887aa994140058e869": "1898", + "56e0fb14231d4119001ac527": "Franklin Institute", + "56e0fb887aa994140058e869": "Madison Square Garden", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86a": "teleautomaton", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86b": "Madison Square Garden", - "56e0fb887aa994140058e86c": "an electrical exhibition at Madison Square Garden", - "56e0fb887aa994140058e86d": "monkey", + "56e0fb887aa994140058e86c": "Madison Square Garden", + "56e0fb887aa994140058e86d": "a trained monkey", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e877": "1900", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e878": "Guglielmo Marconi", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e879": "1901", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87a": "1943", - "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87b": "Supreme Court of the United States", + "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87b": "Marconi Company", "56e0fd167aa994140058e881": "1899", "56e0fd167aa994140058e882": "Paris", - "56e0fd167aa994140058e883": "15 June 1899", + "56e0fd167aa994140058e883": "15 June", "56e0fd167aa994140058e884": "five inches", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ea": "atmospheric electricity", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673eb": "stationary waves", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ec": "resonant frequency", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6a": "lightning", - "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6b": "135 feet", - "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6c": "15 miles", - "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6d": "glowed even when turned off", + "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6b": "135 feet long", + "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6c": "15 miles away in Cripple Creek, Colorado", + "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6d": "100 feet of the lab glowed", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6e": "electrified", - "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fb": "a power station generator", - "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fc": "repeatedly burned out", - "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fd": "the powerful high frequency currents", + "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fb": "power station generator", + "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fc": "burned out", + "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fd": "powerful high frequency currents", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fe": "destroy the insulation!\"", - "56e10043e3433e1400422a84": "another planet", + "56e10043e3433e1400422a84": "communications from another planet", "56e10043e3433e1400422a85": "Mars", - "56e10043e3433e1400422a86": "Collier's Weekly", - "56e10043e3433e1400422a87": "another planet", - "56e10043e3433e1400422a88": "July 1899\u2014Marconi may have transmitted the letter S (dot/dot/dot) in a naval demonstration", + "56e10043e3433e1400422a86": "Philadelphia North American", + "56e10043e3433e1400422a87": "Mars", + "56e10043e3433e1400422a88": "July 1899", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67403": "$100,000", - "56e100b6cd28a01900c67404": "a new lighting system", - "56e100b6cd28a01900c67405": "his Colorado Springs experiments", + "56e100b6cd28a01900c67404": "lighting system. Instead, Tesla used the money to fund his Colorado Springs experiments", + "56e100b6cd28a01900c67405": "Colorado Springs experiments", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67406": "1899", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740b": "7 January 1900", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740c": "1904", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740d": "1904", - "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740e": "its contents were sold", + "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740e": "sold two years later to satisfy a debt", "56e10179cd28a01900c67413": "Wardenclyffe", - "56e10179cd28a01900c67414": "trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications", + "56e10179cd28a01900c67414": "trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility known as Wardenclyffe near Shoreham, Long Island", "56e10179cd28a01900c67415": "Shoreham, Long Island", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8e": "Morgan", - "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8f": "the Panic of 1901", - "56e101f4e3433e1400422a91": "shocked", + "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8f": "Panic of 1901", + "56e101f4e3433e1400422a91": "shocked by the reminder of his part in the stock market crash and by Tesla's breach of contract", "56e10296cd28a01900c67423": "over 50", - "56e10296cd28a01900c67424": "to", - "56e10296cd28a01900c67425": "Marconi successfully transmitted the letter S", - "56e10296cd28a01900c67426": "187 feet (57 m", - "56e10325cd28a01900c67435": "200 horsepower", - "56e10325cd28a01900c67436": "16,000 rpm", - "56e10325cd28a01900c67437": "his 50th birthday in 1906", - "56e10325cd28a01900c67438": "100\u20135,000 hp", + "56e10296cd28a01900c67424": "to complete the construction of Wardenclyffe", + "56e10296cd28a01900c67425": "December 1901, Marconi successfully transmitted the letter S", + "56e10296cd28a01900c67426": "187 feet", + "56e10325cd28a01900c67435": "200", + "56e10325cd28a01900c67436": "16,000", + "56e10325cd28a01900c67437": "1906", + "56e10325cd28a01900c67438": "100\u20135,000", "56e10412e3433e1400422aba": "steam", "56e10412e3433e1400422abb": "Houston Street lab", - "56e10412e3433e1400422abc": "danger", + "56e10412e3433e1400422abc": "the police", "56e10412e3433e1400422abd": "World Today", - "56e10412e3433e1400422abe": "the entire earth cracking in half", + "56e10412e3433e1400422abe": "the earth's crust into such a state of vibration that it would rise and fall hundreds of feet and practically destroy civilization", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae4": "electricity", - "56e1066be3433e1400422ae5": "by saturating them unconsciously with electricity", + "56e1066be3433e1400422ae5": "saturating them unconsciously with electricity", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae6": "William H. Maxwell", - "56e1066be3433e1400422ae7": "superintendent of New York City schools", + "56e1066be3433e1400422ae7": "New York City schools", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afa": "overseas", - "56e1075ae3433e1400422afb": "his patents", - "56e1075ae3433e1400422afc": "Eventually, he sold Wardenclyffe for $20,000", + "56e1075ae3433e1400422afb": "European countries", + "56e1075ae3433e1400422afc": "$20,000", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afd": "$20,000", - "56e1075ae3433e1400422afe": "the Edison Medal", + "56e1075ae3433e1400422afe": "Edison Medal", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0c": "Electrical Experimenter", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0d": "a fluorescent screen", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0e": "modern radar", @@ -1528,53 +1528,53 @@ "56e1097dcd28a01900c6748f": "Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67490": "Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67491": "refused", - "56e1097dcd28a01900c67492": "after", - "56e10a28cd28a01900c674b1": "their animosity", + "56e1097dcd28a01900c67492": "after he is announced a winner", + "56e10a28cd28a01900c674b1": "their animosity toward each other", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b3": "38", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b4": "Edison", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b5": "1937", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b24": "1,655,114", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b25": "a biplane", - "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b26": "less than $1,000", - "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b27": "turbine", + "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b26": "$1,000", + "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b27": "turbine engines in rotor aircraft", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b36": "$125 per month", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b37": "$125 per month", - "56e10c61e3433e1400422b38": "1934, the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company began paying Tesla $125 per month", + "56e10c61e3433e1400422b38": "rest of Tesla's life", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b39": "bad publicity", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d7": "mechanical energy", - "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d8": "over any terrestrial distance", - "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d9": "minimal loss", + "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d8": "any terrestrial distance", + "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d9": "minimal", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674da": "mineral deposits", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674db": "1935", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b48": "feed the pigeons", - "56e10ddce3433e1400422b49": "messenger", + "56e10ddce3433e1400422b49": "a doctor", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4a": "three", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4b": "early 1938", - "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4c": "1937", - "56e10e73cd28a01900c674eb": "teleforce", + "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4c": "fall of 1937, after midnight one night", + "56e10e73cd28a01900c674eb": "teleforce\" weapon after studying the Van de Graaff generator. The press variably referred to it as a \"peace ray\" or death ray", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ec": "Van de Graaff generator", - "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ed": "ground-based infantry", + "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ed": "infantry", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ee": "anti-aircraft purposes", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ef": "death ray", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5c": "1937", - "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5d": "a luncheon in his honor", + "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5d": "luncheon", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5e": "tungsten", - "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5f": "high voltage", - "56e10f14e3433e1400422b60": "Only a little time", + "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5f": "magnifying transformer", + "56e10f14e3433e1400422b60": "Only a little", "56e10fbacd28a01900c67509": "charged particle beam weapons", - "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750a": "the Nikola Tesla Museum archive", + "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750a": "the Nikola Tesla Museum archive in Belgrade", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750b": "Belgrade", - "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750c": "millions of volts", + "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750c": "millions", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750d": "all war", - "56e11044e3433e1400422b76": "steal", + "56e11044e3433e1400422b76": "teleforce weapon", "56e11044e3433e1400422b77": "his mind", - "56e11044e3433e1400422b78": "his papers", + "56e11044e3433e1400422b78": "empty-handed", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67531": "86", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67532": "7 January 1943", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67533": "maid Alice Monaghan", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67534": "do not disturb\" sign", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67535": "coronary thrombosis", - "56e11161e3433e1400422b86": "a technical aide to the National Defense Research Committee, was called in to analyze the Tesla items in OAP custody.", + "56e11161e3433e1400422b86": "the Manhattan Storage and Warehouse Company", "56e11161e3433e1400422b87": "John G. Trump", "56e11161e3433e1400422b89": "John G. Trump", "56e11161e3433e1400422b8a": "Manhattan Storage and Warehouse Company", @@ -1588,26 +1588,26 @@ "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754b": "Charlotte Muzar", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754c": "Belgrade", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754d": "1957", - "56e11996e3433e1400422bde": "around 300", + "56e11996e3433e1400422bde": "300", "56e11996e3433e1400422bdf": "26", "56e11996e3433e1400422be0": "Canada", "56e11996e3433e1400422be1": "patent archives", - "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b5": "8:10 p.m", + "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b5": "8:10", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b6": "every day", - "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b7": "exactly", + "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b7": "6:00 p.m. or later", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b8": "headwaiter", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf0": "8 to 10 miles", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf1": "exercise", - "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf2": "squished his toes one hundred times", + "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf2": "one hundred times for each foot every night, saying that it stimulated his brain cells", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf3": "brain cells", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c7": "telepathy", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c8": "newspaper editor", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c9": "one", - "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d7": "pigeons", - "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d8": "over $2,000", + "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d7": "pigeons and even brought injured ones into his hotel room to nurse back to health. He said that he had been visited by a specific injured white pigeon", + "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d8": "2,000", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d9": "broken wing and leg", - "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675da": "the park", - "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675db": "his hotel room", + "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675da": "park", + "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675db": "hotel room", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c18": "142 pounds", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c19": "6 feet 2 inches", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1a": "1888 to about 1926", @@ -1615,32 +1615,32 @@ "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e7": "eight", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e8": "blinding flashes of light", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e9": "picture thinking", - "56e11cedcd28a01900c675ea": "blinding flashes of light", - "56e11cedcd28a01900c675eb": "photographic memory", - "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f1": "more than 48 hours", + "56e11cedcd28a01900c675ea": "blinding flashes of light would appear before his eyes, often accompanied by visions.:33", + "56e11cedcd28a01900c675eb": "photographic", + "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f1": "48 hours", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f2": "84 hours", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f3": "Graz", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f4": "Kenneth Swezey", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f5": "journalist", - "56e11e57e3433e1400422c28": "his chastity", - "56e11e57e3433e1400422c29": "women", + "56e11e57e3433e1400422c28": "chastity", + "56e11e57e3433e1400422c29": "women vying for Tesla's affection", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c2a": "toward the end of his life", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2e": "Dorothy Skerrit", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2f": "Robert Underwood Johnson", - "56e11f05e3433e1400422c30": "seclude himself", - "56e11f05e3433e1400422c31": "distinguished sweetness, sincerity, modesty", - "56e11f05e3433e1400422c32": "friend, Julian Hawthorne", - "56e11f83cd28a01900c67611": "Mark Twain", + "56e11f05e3433e1400422c30": "seclude himself with his work", + "56e11f05e3433e1400422c31": "Robert Underwood Johnson", + "56e11f05e3433e1400422c32": "Tesla's friend", + "56e11f83cd28a01900c67611": "Francis Marion Crawford", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67612": "his lab", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67613": "late 1920s", "56e12005cd28a01900c67617": "overweight people", "56e12005cd28a01900c67618": "a secretary", - "56e12005cd28a01900c67619": "because of her weight", - "56e12005cd28a01900c6761a": "go home and change her dress", - "56e120a1e3433e1400422c38": "electron", + "56e12005cd28a01900c67619": "weight", + "56e12005cd28a01900c6761a": "go home", + "56e120a1e3433e1400422c38": "atoms being composed of smaller subatomic particles, stating there was no such thing as an electron", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c39": "ether", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3a": "electrical energy", - "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3b": "19th century", + "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3b": "19th", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4a": "Einstein's theory of relativity", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4b": "antagonistic", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4c": "theory of relativity", @@ -1649,8 +1649,8 @@ "56e121b7e3433e1400422c52": "curved space", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c53": "81", "56e122dacd28a01900c67639": "eugenics", - "56e122dacd28a01900c6763a": "natural \"ruthless workings of nature", - "56e122dacd28a01900c6763b": "pity", + "56e122dacd28a01900c6763a": "humans' \"pity", + "56e122dacd28a01900c6763b": "\"pity", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763c": "1937", "56e1239acd28a01900c67641": "Queen Bees", "56e1239acd28a01900c67642": "1926", @@ -1658,11 +1658,11 @@ "56e12477e3433e1400422c5e": "World War I", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5f": "Science and Discovery", "56e12477e3433e1400422c60": "20 December 1914", - "56e12477e3433e1400422c61": "the League of Nations", + "56e12477e3433e1400422c61": "League of Nations", "56e124f1cd28a01900c6764f": "Orthodox Christian", - "56e124f1cd28a01900c67650": "religious fanaticism", + "56e124f1cd28a01900c67650": "fanaticism", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67651": "Buddhism and Christianity", - "56e1254ae3433e1400422c66": "A Machine to End War", + "56e1254ae3433e1400422c66": "\"A Machine to End War", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c67": "uncertain", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c68": "War", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6c": "My Inventions", @@ -1678,113 +1678,113 @@ "56e127bccd28a01900c6765c": "75th birthday", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765d": "electrical power generation", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765e": "Albert Einstein", - "56e127bccd28a01900c6765f": "more than 70", + "56e127bccd28a01900c6765f": "Albert Einstein", "56e16182e3433e1400422e28": "Computational complexity theory", "56e16182e3433e1400422e29": "inherent difficulty", "56e16182e3433e1400422e2a": "computational problem", - "56e16839cd28a01900c67887": "amount of resources", - "56e16839cd28a01900c67888": "mathematical", + "56e16839cd28a01900c67887": "quantifying the amount of resources needed to solve them, such as time and storage", + "56e16839cd28a01900c67888": "mathematical models of computation to study these problems and quantifying the amount of resources needed to solve them, such as time and storage", "56e16839cd28a01900c67889": "time and storage", - "56e16839cd28a01900c6788a": "time and storage. Other complexity measures are also used, such as the amount of communication (used in communication complexity), the number of gates", - "56e16839cd28a01900c6788b": "limits", - "56e17644e3433e1400422f40": "analysis of algorithms", + "56e16839cd28a01900c6788a": "time and storage", + "56e16839cd28a01900c6788b": "the practical limits", + "56e17644e3433e1400422f40": "analysis of algorithms and computability theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f41": "computational complexity theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f42": "computational complexity theory", - "56e17644e3433e1400422f43": "analysis of algorithms", + "56e17644e3433e1400422f43": "analysis of algorithms and computability theory", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a1": "problem instance", - "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a2": "a problem", - "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a3": "rather concrete utterance", - "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a4": "The input string for a computational problem is referred to as a problem instance", - "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a5": "the output corresponding", + "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a2": "problem", + "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a3": "a rather concrete utterance", + "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a4": "The input string", + "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a5": "the output corresponding to the given input", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f7f": "2000 kilometres", - "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f80": "this particular problem instance", + "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f80": "other instances of the problem", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f81": "computational problems", - "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa0": "a problem instance", + "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa0": "a string over an alphabet", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa1": "binary alphabet", - "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa2": "bitstrings", + "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa2": "an alphabet", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa3": "binary notation", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa4": "adjacency matrices", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc8": "Decision problems", - "56e190bce3433e1400422fc9": "yes or no", + "56e190bce3433e1400422fc9": "1 or 0", "56e190bce3433e1400422fca": "1 or 0", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcb": "yes", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcc": "yes", "56e19557e3433e1400422fee": "arbitrary graph", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff0": "the set of all connected graphs", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff1": "how graphs are encoded as binary strings", - "56e19724cd28a01900c679f6": "a computational problem", - "56e19724cd28a01900c679f7": "a single output", + "56e19724cd28a01900c679f6": "the traveling salesman problem", + "56e19724cd28a01900c679f7": "a single", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f8": "A function problem", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f9": "the integer factorization problem", - "56e19724cd28a01900c679fa": "it isn't just yes or no.", - "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2e": "the case, since function problems can be recast as decision problems", + "56e19724cd28a01900c679fa": "yes or no", + "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2e": "decision problems", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2f": "the set of triples", - "56e1a38de3433e140042305c": "time", + "56e1a38de3433e140042305c": "the size of the input in bits", "56e1a38de3433e140042305d": "the instance", - "56e1a38de3433e140042305e": "a function", + "56e1a38de3433e140042305e": "as a function of the size of the instance. This is usually taken to be the size of the input in bits", "56e1a38de3433e140042305f": "bits", - "56e1a38de3433e1400423060": "size of the input in bits. Complexity theory is interested in how algorithms scale with an increase in the input size", - "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a48": "Cobham's thesis", - "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a49": "the time taken", + "56e1a38de3433e1400423060": "the input size", + "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a48": "Cobham", + "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a49": "time taken can be expressed as a function of n", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4a": "T(n)", - "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4b": "a function of n", + "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4b": "function of n", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4c": "polynomial time algorithm", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423094": "Turing machine", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423095": "an algorithm", - "56e1aba0e3433e1400423097": "the Turing machine", - "56e1aba0e3433e1400423098": "symbols", - "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a68": "A deterministic Turing machine", + "56e1aba0e3433e1400423097": "Turing machine", + "56e1aba0e3433e1400423098": "manipulates symbols", + "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a68": "deterministic", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a69": "a fixed set of rules", - "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6a": "probabilistic Turing machine", - "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6b": "A non-deterministic Turing machine", + "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6a": "randomized algorithms", + "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6b": "A non-deterministic Turing machine is a deterministic Turing machine with an added feature of non-determinism", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6c": "randomized algorithms", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309e": "complexity classes", - "56e1b00ce3433e140042309f": "bounded", - "56e1b00ce3433e14004230a1": "deterministic Turing machines", + "56e1b00ce3433e140042309f": "resources (such as time or space) are bounded", + "56e1b00ce3433e14004230a1": "Many", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a72": "random access machines", - "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a73": "any extra computational power", - "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a74": "time and memory", + "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a73": "each of these models can be converted to another without providing any extra computational power", + "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a74": "time and memory consumption", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a75": "deterministically", - "56e1b355e3433e14004230b0": "non-deterministic Turing machine", - "56e1b355e3433e14004230b1": "time", - "56e1b355e3433e14004230b2": "many", + "56e1b355e3433e14004230b0": "non-deterministic Turing machine is a computational model that is allowed to branch out", + "56e1b355e3433e14004230b1": "non-deterministic time", + "56e1b355e3433e14004230b2": "many of the mathematical models", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b3": "non-deterministic time", - "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa3": "the total number of state transitions", + "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa3": "the total number of state transitions, or steps", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa4": "their difficulty", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa5": "DTIME", - "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa6": "time and space", - "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abc": "complexity", + "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa6": "The time required by a deterministic Turing machine M on input x", + "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abc": "computational resource", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abd": "computational resource", - "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abe": "the Blum complexity axioms", + "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abe": "Blum complexity axioms", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abf": "communication complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67ac0": "decision tree complexity", - "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e6": "the same size. Since some inputs of size n may be faster to solve than others, we define the following complexities", - "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e7": "time complexity", - "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e8": "time complexity", - "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e9": "faster to solve", + "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e6": "The best, worst and average case complexity", + "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e7": "the time complexity (or any other complexity measure", + "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e8": "the time complexity (or any other complexity measure) of different inputs of the same size.", + "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e9": "different inputs of the same size. Since some inputs of size n", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae0": "quicksort", - "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae1": "worst-case", + "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae1": "O(n log n).", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae2": "O(n2", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423104": "the most efficient algorithm", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423105": "analysis of algorithms", - "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423106": "lower bounds", - "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423107": "running time at most", - "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423108": "the future.", + "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423106": "T(n) for a problem requires showing that no algorithm can have time complexity lower than T(n", + "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423107": "there is a particular algorithm with running time at most", + "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423108": "all possible algorithms", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afc": "big O notation", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afd": "constant factors and smaller terms", - "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afe": "O", - "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67aff": "the computational model", - "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2c": "complexity classes", - "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2d": "this framework", - "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2e": "the", + "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afe": "O(n2", + "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67aff": "computational model", + "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2c": "some complexity classes", + "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2d": "the following:", + "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2e": "the following:", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423134": "the chosen machine model", - "56e1c2eee3433e1400423135": "linear time", + "56e1c2eee3433e1400423135": "linear time on a multi-tape Turing machine, but necessarily requires quadratic time", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423136": "single-tape Turing machines", - "56e1c2eee3433e1400423137": "Cobham-Edmonds thesis", + "56e1c2eee3433e1400423137": "Cobham-Edmonds thesis states that \"the time complexities in any two reasonable and general models of computation are polynomially related", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423138": "P", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423148": "time or space", - "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423149": "bounding the time or space", - "56e1c3e1e3433e140042314a": "complexity classes", + "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423149": "time or space", + "56e1c3e1e3433e140042314a": "Many important complexity classes", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314e": "BPP", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314f": "Boolean circuits", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423150": "quantum Turing machines", @@ -1792,191 +1792,191 @@ "56e1c4fce3433e1400423152": "Interactive proof systems", "56e1c720e3433e140042316a": "computation time", "56e1c720e3433e140042316b": "DTIME(n2", - "56e1c720e3433e140042316c": "time and space hierarchy theorems", - "56e1c720e3433e140042316d": "a proper hierarchy", - "56e1c720e3433e140042316e": "quantitative statements", + "56e1c720e3433e140042316c": "the time and space hierarchy", + "56e1c720e3433e140042316d": "proper hierarchy", + "56e1c720e3433e140042316e": "quantitative", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b74": "The time and space hierarchy theorems", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b75": "EXPTIME", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b76": "PSPACE", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423192": "a reduction", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423193": "another problem", - "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423194": "reduces to Y", - "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423195": "Cook reductions, Karp reductions and Levin reductions", - "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423196": "polynomial-time reductions or log-space reductions", + "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423194": "no more difficult than Y, and we say that X reduces to Y", + "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423195": "Cook reductions", + "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423196": "polynomial-time reductions or log-space", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bac": "polynomial-time", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bad": "squaring an integer", - "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bae": "polynomial-time", - "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67baf": "input", + "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bae": "polynomial time", + "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67baf": "the same input", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bb0": "multiplying two integers", - "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a4": "the type of reduction being used. For complexity classes larger than P, polynomial-time reductions", - "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a5": "polynomial-time reductions", - "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a6": "solve any problem in C", - "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a8": "polynomial-time reductions are commonly used. In particular, the set of problems that are hard for NP is the set of NP-hard problems", + "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a4": "type of reduction being used", + "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a5": "every problem in C can be reduced to X", + "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a6": "any problem in C", + "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a8": "the set of NP-hard problems", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cb": "NP-complete problems", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cc": "P", - "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cd": "indicate", + "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cd": "no known polynomial-time solution", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231ce": "NP", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bca": "P", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcb": "Cobham\u2013Edmonds thesis", - "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcc": "P", - "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcd": "the Boolean satisfiability problem, the Hamiltonian path problem and the vertex cover problem", - "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bce": "Since deterministic Turing machines", - "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d5": "the answer is yes", + "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcc": "NP", + "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcd": "the Boolean satisfiability problem", + "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bce": "deterministic Turing machines", + "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d5": "many important problems can be shown to have more efficient solutions", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d6": "protein structure prediction", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d8": "US$1,000,000", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd4": "Ladner", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd5": "NP-intermediate problems", - "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd6": "The graph isomorphism problem, the discrete logarithm problem and the integer factorization problem", + "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd6": "The graph isomorphism problem", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fc": "graph isomorphism problem", - "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fd": "NP-complete, or NP-intermediate", + "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fd": "two finite graphs", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fe": "polynomial time hierarchy collapses to its second level. Since it is widely believed that the polynomial hierarchy does not collapse to any finite level", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231ff": "second level", "56e1e9dfe3433e1400423200": "Laszlo Babai and Eugene Luks", - "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0a": "integer factorization problem", - "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0b": "k", + "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0a": "integer factorization problem is the computational problem of determining the prime factorization of a given integer", + "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0b": "whether the input has a factor less than k", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0c": "RSA algorithm", - "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0e": "the general number field sieve", + "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0e": "general number field sieve", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423210": "unequal", - "56e1ee4de3433e1400423211": "a major breakthrough in complexity theory.", + "56e1ee4de3433e1400423211": "Many known complexity classes are suspected to be unequal", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423212": "one class", - "56e1ee4de3433e1400423214": "one class", + "56e1ee4de3433e1400423214": "Proving that any of these classes are unequal", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321a": "co-NP", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321b": "reversed", - "56e1efa0e3433e140042321c": "the same lines, co-NP is the class containing the complement problems (i.e.", - "56e1efa0e3433e140042321d": "the same lines, co-NP is the class containing the complement problems (i.e.", + "56e1efa0e3433e140042321c": "not equal to co-NP", + "56e1efa0e3433e140042321d": "not equal to NP", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423222": "L", - "56e1f10ee3433e1400423223": "the two, such as NL and NC, and it is not known if they are distinct or equal classes.", - "56e1f10ee3433e1400423224": "there are many complexity classes", - "56e1f10ee3433e1400423225": "many complexity classes", - "56e1f10ee3433e1400423226": "NL and NC", + "56e1f10ee3433e1400423223": "the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space)", + "56e1f10ee3433e1400423224": "many complexity classes", + "56e1f10ee3433e1400423225": "many", + "56e1f10ee3433e1400423226": "NL and NC, and it is not known if they are distinct or equal classes", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322c": "intractable problems", - "56e1fc57e3433e140042322f": "exponential-time algorithms", - "56e1fc57e3433e1400423230": "NP-complete problems", - "56e1febfe3433e1400423236": "Presburger arithmetic", - "56e1febfe3433e1400423237": "algorithms", + "56e1fc57e3433e140042322f": "a polynomial time algorithm is not always practical. If its running time is, say, n15", + "56e1fc57e3433e1400423230": "the NP-complete problems", + "56e1febfe3433e1400423236": "Presburger", + "56e1febfe3433e1400423237": "most cases", "56e1febfe3433e1400423238": "knapsack problem", - "56e1febfe3433e1400423239": "less than quadratic time", - "56e1febfe3433e140042323a": "the NP-complete Boolean satisfiability problem", - "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c14": "the complexity of algorithmic problems started off, numerous foundations were laid out by various researchers.", + "56e1febfe3433e1400423239": "quadratic time", + "56e1febfe3433e140042323a": "Boolean satisfiability problem", + "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c14": "numerous foundations were laid out by various researchers.", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c15": "Alan Turing", - "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c16": "Turing machines", + "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c16": "Turing machines by Alan Turing in 1936, which turned out to be a very robust and flexible simplification of a computer", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c17": "1936", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c18": "a computer", - "56e202e9e3433e1400423240": "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms", - "56e202e9e3433e1400423241": "Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns", + "56e202e9e3433e1400423240": "Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns (1965", + "56e202e9e3433e1400423241": "Juris Hartmanis", "56e202e9e3433e1400423242": "1965", "56e202e9e3433e1400423243": "time and space complexity", "56e202e9e3433e1400423244": "1965", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1e": "John Myhill", - "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1f": "1961", + "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1f": "61", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c20": "Hisao Yamada", - "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c24": "some concrete choice of input encoding", + "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c24": "of input encoding", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c25": "choice of encoding", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324a": "Manuel Blum", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324b": "speed-up theorem", - "56e20a3ae3433e140042324d": "Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems", + "56e20a3ae3433e140042324d": "\"Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324e": "21", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f23": "the curriculum", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f24": "pedagogy", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f25": "university or college", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f26": "a lesson plan", - "56e7477700c9c71400d76f27": "a school", + "56e7477700c9c71400d76f27": "school", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f37": "cultures", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f38": "literacy and numeracy", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f39": "craftsmanship", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f3a": "literacy and numeracy, craftsmanship or vocational training, the arts, religion, civics, community roles, or life skills", - "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f51": "a family member", + "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f51": "family member", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f52": "Informal learning", - "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f53": "formal education", - "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f54": "transient or ongoing", + "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f53": "formal education can take place through home schooling. Informal learning", + "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f54": "transient or ongoing role, such as a family member", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f55": "knowledge or skills", - "56e74af500c9c71400d76f65": "Religious and spiritual", - "56e74af500c9c71400d76f66": "Quran", - "56e74af500c9c71400d76f67": "religious texts such as the Quran, Torah or Bible", + "56e74af500c9c71400d76f65": "Religious and spiritual teachers, such as gurus, mullahs, rabbis, pastors/youth pastors and lamas", + "56e74af500c9c71400d76f66": "Torah or Bible", + "56e74af500c9c71400d76f67": "the Quran, Torah or Bible", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f68": "Religious and spiritual teachers", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e33": "homeschooling", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e34": "paid professionals", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e35": "Chartered or CPA", - "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e36": "the wider community", - "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e37": "Such professionals", + "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e36": "homeschooling, or in the wider community", + "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e37": "Chartered or CPA", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6e": "school functions", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6f": "extracurricular activities", - "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f70": "study halls", + "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f70": "extracurricular activities", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f71": "teachers", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f76": "teacher's colleges", - "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f77": "the public interest", - "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f78": "the public interest", - "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f79": "teaching profession", - "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f7a": "standards of practice", - "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f94": "the State Board of Education, the Superintendent of Public Instruction, the State Education Agency or other governmental bodies.", - "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f95": "allegations of professional misconduct", - "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f96": "teacher's colleges", - "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f97": "teacher's colleges", + "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f77": "public interest through certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession", + "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f78": "public interest through certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession", + "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f79": "the teaching profession", + "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f7a": "standards of practice for the teaching profession", + "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f94": "complaints involving members", + "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f95": "professional misconduct", + "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f96": "publicly funded schools must be members in good standing with the college", + "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f97": "hearings into allegations of professional misconduct and taking appropriate disciplinary action and accrediting teacher education programs", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f98": "Teaching Unions", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5b": "outdoors", - "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5c": "tutor", + "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5c": "a tutor", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5d": "outdoors", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5e": "facilitate student learning", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa8": "informal or formal approach to learning", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa9": "pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76faa": "learning outside of the classroom", - "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fab": "technology", - "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fac": "technology, specifically the rise of the internet", + "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fab": "The increasing use of technology", + "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fac": "technology", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e6f": "a practical skill", - "56e7535037bdd419002c3e70": "the relevant authority", + "56e7535037bdd419002c3e70": "A teacher may follow standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e71": "learning disabilities", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e72": "infants to adults", - "56e7535037bdd419002c3e73": "standardized curricula", + "56e7535037bdd419002c3e73": "standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbc": "particular skills", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbd": "self-study and problem solving", - "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbe": "encourage the timid", + "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbe": "encourage the timid, detect and correct individual flaws", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbf": "deflate the cocky", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fc0": "a coach", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc6": "the relationship between teachers and children", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc7": "the whole curriculum", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc8": "different subject specialists", - "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc9": "the primary school", + "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc9": "the primary", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fca": "surrogate parent", - "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8b": "a \"platoon\" system", - "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8c": "platoon\" system", + "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8b": "platoon\" system", + "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8c": "platoon", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8d": "staying with the same group of peers", - "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8e": "knowledgeable in that one area", - "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8f": "the United States", + "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8e": "more knowledgeable in that one area", + "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8f": "many subjects", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e95": "Co-teaching", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e96": "two or more", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e97": "learning", - "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e98": "harmoniously", - "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e99": "social networking support", + "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e98": "two or more teachers working harmoniously to fulfill the needs of every student in the classroom", + "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e99": "social networking", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ea9": "corporal punishment", - "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eaa": "a substitute parent", - "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eab": "parental discipline", - "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eac": "most common form of school discipline", + "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eaa": "substitute parent", + "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eab": "all the normal forms of parental discipline", + "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eac": "most common form of school discipline was corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ead": "While a child was in school", - "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb3": "one of the most common", - "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb4": "Most Western countries, and some others, have now banned it, but it remains lawful in the United States", + "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb3": "one of the most common forms of school discipline throughout much of the world", + "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb4": "United States", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb5": "United States", - "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb6": "US Supreme Court", + "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb6": "1977", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb7": "physical pain", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fec": "30", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fed": "South) have not. It is still used to a significant (though declining) degree in some public schools", - "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fee": "the South) have not. It is still used to a significant (though declining) degree", - "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fef": "paddle", - "56e7591b00c9c71400d76ff0": "the principal's office", - "56e759bb00c9c71400d77000": "by caning", - "56e759bb00c9c71400d77001": "some Asian, African and Caribbean countries", - "56e759bb00c9c71400d77002": "schools", + "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fee": "some public schools", + "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fef": "wooden paddle", + "56e7591b00c9c71400d76ff0": "principal's office", + "56e759bb00c9c71400d77000": "caning", + "56e759bb00c9c71400d77001": "Asian, African and Caribbean countries", + "56e759bb00c9c71400d77002": "School corporal punishment", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec7": "detention", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec8": "detention", - "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec9": "a classroom", - "56e75a9037bdd419002c3eca": "sit quietly", - "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ecb": "lines", - "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed1": "assertive teacher", + "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec9": "school", + "56e75a9037bdd419002c3eca": "a classroom", + "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ecb": "lines or a punishment essay", + "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed1": "assertive", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed2": "immediate and fair punishment", - "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed3": "firm, clear boundaries", - "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed4": "sarcasm", + "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed3": "firm, clear boundaries define what is appropriate and inappropriate behavior", + "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed4": "what is appropriate and inappropriate behavior", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed5": "respect their students", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef5": "teachers and parents", - "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef6": "in East Asia", + "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef6": "East Asia", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef7": "weakness in school discipline", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef8": "more assertive and confrontational", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702c": "Japan, for example, although average attainment on standardized tests may exceed those in Western countries", @@ -1985,86 +1985,86 @@ "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702f": "Japan", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703a": "40 to 50 students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703b": "instruction", - "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703c": "motivated students", - "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703d": "attention-seeking and disruptive students", + "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703c": "motivated students, ignoring attention-seeking and disruptive students", + "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703d": "disruptive students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703e": "motivated students", - "56e7611500c9c71400d77054": "popularly based authority", - "56e7611500c9c71400d77055": "governments and schools alike. They also claim that in these schools the preservation of public order is easier and more efficient than anywhere else", + "56e7611500c9c71400d77054": "popularly based authority can maintain order more effectively than dictatorial", + "56e7611500c9c71400d77055": "anywhere else", "56e7611500c9c71400d77056": "persuasion and negotiation", "56e7611500c9c71400d77057": "easier and more efficient", "56e7611500c9c71400d77058": "good, clear laws", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f13": "enthusiasm", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f14": "passion", - "56e761d037bdd419002c3f15": "teach by rote", + "56e761d037bdd419002c3f15": "rote", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f17": "higher", - "56e762fe00c9c71400d77072": "Teachers that exhibit enthusiasm", - "56e762fe00c9c71400d77073": "lecture material", - "56e762fe00c9c71400d77074": "enthusiasm", - "56e762fe00c9c71400d77075": "Controlled, experimental", - "56e762fe00c9c71400d77076": "higher levels of intrinsic motivation to learn", + "56e762fe00c9c71400d77072": "nonverbal expressions of enthusiasm, such as demonstrative gesturing, dramatic movements which are varied, and emotional facial expressions", + "56e762fe00c9c71400d77073": "read lecture material", + "56e762fe00c9c71400d77074": "demonstrative gesturing, dramatic movements which are varied", + "56e762fe00c9c71400d77075": "Controlled, experimental studies exploring intrinsic motivation of college students", + "56e762fe00c9c71400d77076": "higher", "56e763e800c9c71400d77086": "self-determined", - "56e763e800c9c71400d77087": "enthusiasm", + "56e763e800c9c71400d77087": "the variety, novelty, and surprise", "56e763e800c9c71400d77088": "mere exposure", - "56e763e800c9c71400d77089": "teacher enthusiasm", + "56e763e800c9c71400d77089": "a classroom atmosphere full of energy and enthusiasm which feed student interest and excitement in learning the subject matter", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708e": "student-teacher relationships", - "56e764e200c9c71400d7708f": "beneficial relations", + "56e764e200c9c71400d7708f": "beneficial relations with their students", "56e764e200c9c71400d77090": "the goals he receives from his superior", "56e764e200c9c71400d77091": "aligning his personal goals", "56e764e200c9c71400d77092": "student motivation and attitudes towards school", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a2": "friendly and supportive", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a4": "friendly and supportive", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a5": "interacting and working directly with students", - "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a6": "Effective teachers", - "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f49": "enthusiasm", - "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4a": "enthusiasm", + "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a6": "Effective teachers have been shown to invite student participation and decision making, allow humor into their classroom", + "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f49": "enthusiasm about teaching, enthusiasm about the students", + "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4a": "enthusiastic about the subject matter they are teaching. For example, a teacher talking about chemistry", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4b": "spark of excitement", - "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4c": "very influential", - "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4d": "enthusiasm about teaching, enthusiasm about the students, and enthusiasm about the subject matter. A teacher must enjoy teaching", - "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f53": "sexual misconduct", + "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4c": "very influential in the young students life", + "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4d": "teaching", + "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f53": "Misconduct by teachers", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f54": "9.6%", - "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f55": "United States", + "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f55": "9.6% of students in the United States", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f56": "9.6%", - "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f57": "American Association of University Women", + "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f57": "9.", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ca": "England", - "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cb": "any professional", - "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cd": "2,065", - "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ce": "AAUW study", + "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cb": "0.3% prevalence of sexual abuse by any professional, a group that included priests, religious leaders, and case workers as well as teachers", + "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cd": "2,869", + "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ce": "2,065 8th to 11th grade students", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f67": "United States", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f69": "teacher misconduct", - "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e8": "Fears", + "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e8": "Fears of being labelled a pedophile", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e9": "Chris Keates", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ea": "child protection and parental rights groups", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770eb": "shortage", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ec": "sex offenders register", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f75": "occupational stress", - "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f76": "inspections", + "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f76": "organizational change, relationships with students, fellow teachers, and administrative personnel, working environment, expectations to substitute, long hours with a heavy workload, and inspections", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f77": "occupational burnout", - "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f78": "occupational stress", + "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f78": "relationships with students", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f79": "occupational stress", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f7f": "42%", - "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f80": "the average profession. A 2012 study found that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers.", - "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f81": "twice", - "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f82": "A 2012 study", - "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f83": "average workers", + "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f80": "UK teachers", + "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f81": "twice the figure for the average profession", + "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f82": "2012", + "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f83": "double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710e": "Organizational interventions", - "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710f": "effective", - "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77110": "stress-management training and counseling", + "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710f": "mentoring", + "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77110": "Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77111": "occupational stress", - "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77112": "Organizational interventions, like changing teachers' schedules, providing support networks and mentoring, changing the work environment", + "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77112": "Organizational", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f93": "a university or college", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f94": "certification", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f95": "elementary school education certificate", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f96": "psychiatric evaluation", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f97": "US", - "56e76de800c9c71400d77122": "states and territories", + "56e76de800c9c71400d77122": "the individual states and territories", "56e76de800c9c71400d77123": "three-tier model", "56e76de800c9c71400d77124": "tertiary education", "56e76de800c9c71400d77125": "universities and/or TAFE colleges", - "56e76de800c9c71400d77126": "primary education", - "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9d": "a post-secondary degree Bachelor's Degree", - "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9e": "a second Bachelor's Degree such as a Bachelor of Education", - "56e76ea737bdd419002c3fa1": "private sector", - "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712c": "civil servants", + "56e76de800c9c71400d77126": "primary education (primary schools", + "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9d": "Bachelor's Degree", + "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9e": "Bachelor of Education", + "56e76ea737bdd419002c3fa1": "private sector, businesses and sponsors", + "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712c": "civil servants recruited in special university classes, called Lehramtstudien (Teaching Education Studies", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712d": "Germany", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712e": "Grundschule", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712f": "civil servants' salary index scale", @@ -2073,74 +2073,74 @@ "56e7714a00c9c71400d77138": "\u20ac27,814", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77139": "\u20ac53,423", "56e7714a00c9c71400d7713a": "\u20ac90,000", - "56e7721500c9c71400d77140": "the Teaching Council", + "56e7721500c9c71400d77140": "Teaching Council", "56e7721500c9c71400d77141": "Section 30", "56e7721500c9c71400d77142": "2001", "56e7721500c9c71400d77143": "Oireachtas funds", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbb": "2006", - "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbc": "teaching profession", + "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbc": "new entrants to the teaching profession", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbe": "phased basis", - "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbf": "refuse vetting", + "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbf": "those who refuse vetting \"cannot be appointed or engaged by the school in any capacity", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714a": "\u00a341,004", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714b": "experience and extra responsibilities", - "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714c": "\u00a320,980 annually", + "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714c": "\u00a320,980", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714d": "bachelor's degree", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714e": "September 2007", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd5": "alternative licensing programs", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd6": "teaching", - "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd7": "Excellent job opportunities", + "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd7": "Excellent job opportunities are expected as retirements, especially among secondary school teachers, outweigh slowing enrollment growth; opportunities will vary by geographic area and subject taught", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd8": "Excellent job opportunities", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd9": "secondary school teachers", - "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715c": "General Teaching Council for Scotland", + "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715c": "General Teaching Council for Scotland (GTCS", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715d": "Teaching", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715e": "seven", - "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715f": "Provisional Registration", - "56e775ec00c9c71400d77160": "after a year", + "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715f": "\"Provisional Registration", + "56e775ec00c9c71400d77160": "year", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fdf": "April 2008", - "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe0": "\u00a320,427", - "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe1": "\u00a320,427 for a Probationer, up to \u00a332,583", - "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe2": "modules", + "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe0": "20,427", + "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe1": "\u00a320,427", + "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe2": "Chartered Teacher Status", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe3": "trade unions", "56e777e500c9c71400d77176": "Wales", "56e777e500c9c71400d77177": "Welsh", - "56e777e500c9c71400d77178": "until the age of 16", + "56e777e500c9c71400d77178": "16", "56e777e500c9c71400d77179": "22 per cent", "56e777e500c9c71400d7717a": "all age groups", "56e7788200c9c71400d77180": "trade unions", "56e7788200c9c71400d77181": "falling", "56e7788200c9c71400d77182": "2005 and 2010", "56e7788200c9c71400d77183": "NASUWT", - "56e7788200c9c71400d77184": "A growing cause of concern", + "56e7788200c9c71400d77184": "A growing cause of concern are that attacks on teachers in Welsh schools", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffd": "each state", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffe": "ten years", - "56e7796637bdd419002c3fff": "a bachelor's degree", + "56e7796637bdd419002c3fff": "bachelor's degree", "56e7796637bdd419002c4000": "Many charter schools", "56e7796637bdd419002c4001": "No Child Left Behind", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718a": "relatively low salaries", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718b": "average teacher salaries", - "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718c": "monetary compensation", - "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718d": "elementary school teachers", + "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718c": "Many teachers take advantage of the opportunity to increase their income by supervising after-school programs and other extracurricular activities", + "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718d": "elementary school teachers had the lowest median salary earning $39,259", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718e": "TeachersPayTeachers.com", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77194": "many forms", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77196": "Protestant", - "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77197": "not always a bishop", - "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77198": "traditions", - "56e77c6737bdd419002c401d": "Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", - "56e77c6737bdd419002c401e": "trusted friend", + "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77197": "not always a bishop, and, due to the hierarchical structure of the Roman Church, can not be his equal in authority", + "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77198": "many forms of spiritual or religious teachers in Christianity, across all three major traditions - (Roman) Catholic", + "56e77c6737bdd419002c401d": "LDS Church", + "56e77c6737bdd419002c401e": "a trusted friend", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401f": "the husband and father of a family to provide spiritual guidance", - "56e77c6737bdd419002c4020": "husband and father", + "56e77c6737bdd419002c4020": "husband and father of a family to provide spiritual guidance for all of his family, ideally in consultation with his wife", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4021": "father of the house", - "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a8": "guru", + "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a8": "a guru", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a9": "extremely high", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771aa": "disciples", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771ab": "West", "56e77da237bdd419002c403b": "Lama", - "56e77da237bdd419002c403c": "be reborn", - "56e77da237bdd419002c403d": "Bodhisattva vow", - "56e77da237bdd419002c403e": "often many times", + "56e77da237bdd419002c403c": "Tulku", + "56e77da237bdd419002c403d": "Tulku", + "56e77da237bdd419002c403e": "many times", "56e77da237bdd419002c403f": "phowa and siddhi", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b0": "ulemas", - "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b1": "teachers in Islam, ranging from mullahs (the teachers at madrassas) to ulemas", + "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b1": "ulemas", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b2": "Sufism", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b3": "actions-oriented", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b4": "Qutb", @@ -2148,57 +2148,57 @@ "56f7c651aef2371900625bf6": "18 February 1546", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf7": "Late Medieval Catholic Church", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf8": "freedom from God's punishment for sin", - "56f7c651aef2371900625bf9": "excommunication", + "56f7c651aef2371900625bf9": "Pope Leo X in 1520 and the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Worms in 1521 resulted in his excommunication", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727a": "faith in Jesus Christ", - "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727b": "faith in Jesus Christ", + "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727b": "Jesus Christ", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727c": "the Pope", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727d": "the Bible", - "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727e": "holy priesthood", + "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727e": "a holy priesthood", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17284": "the Bible", - "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17285": "a standard version of the German language", - "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17286": "Tyndale Bible", + "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17285": "more accessible", + "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17286": "Tyndale", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17287": "singing in churches", - "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17288": "clerical marriage", + "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17288": "clerical marriage, allowing Protestant clergy", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728e": "10 November 1483", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728f": "Eisleben", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17290": "Holy Roman Empire", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17291": "Catholic", - "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17292": "lawyer", - "56f7e9caaef2371900625c56": "University of Erfurt", + "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17292": "a lawyer", + "56f7e9caaef2371900625c56": "Erfurt", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c57": "a beerhouse and whorehouse", - "56f7e9caaef2371900625c58": "four every morning", - "56f7e9caaef2371900625c59": "a day of rote learning", + "56f7e9caaef2371900625c58": "four", + "56f7e9caaef2371900625c59": "a beerhouse and whorehouse", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c5a": "1505", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cd": "law school", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172ce": "uncertainty", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cf": "theology and philosophy", - "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d0": "himself by experience", - "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d1": "God", + "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d0": "Jodocus Trutfetter", + "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d1": "men and institutions, but not God", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d7": "death and divine judgment", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d8": "2 July 1505", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d9": "Erfurt", - "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172da": "the deaths of two friends", - "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172db": "a waste of Luther's education", - "56f7ef96aef2371900625c74": "the Augustinian order", + "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172da": "two friends", + "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172db": "education", + "56f7ef96aef2371900625c74": "Augustinian order", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c75": "deep spiritual despair", - "56f7ef96aef2371900625c76": "jailer and hangman of my poor soul", + "56f7ef96aef2371900625c76": "the jailer and hangman", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c77": "Johann von Staupitz", - "56f7ef96aef2371900625c78": "a change of heart", + "56f7ef96aef2371900625c78": "change of heart", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172eb": "1507", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ec": "von Staupitz", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ed": "1508", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ee": "9 March 1508", - "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ef": "the Sentences", + "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ef": "Sentences", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb0": "19 October 1512", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb1": "21 October 1512", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb2": "Doctor in Bible", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb3": "University of Wittenberg", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb4": "Doctor of Theology", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17367": "1516", - "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17368": "Roman Catholic Church", + "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17368": "St. Peter's Basilica", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17369": "Roman Catholic", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736a": "charity and good works", - "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736b": "Roman Catholic theology", + "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736b": "faith alone, whether fiduciary or dogmatic, cannot justify man; justification rather depends only on such faith as is active in charity and good works", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5e": "31 October 1517", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5f": "Albert of Mainz", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d60": "The Ninety-Five Theses", @@ -2209,106 +2209,106 @@ "56f80143aef2371900625d6a": "Luther", "56f80143aef2371900625d6b": "Johann Tetzel", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17377": "God", - "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17378": "salvation", - "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17379": "punishments", - "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737a": "indulgences", + "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17378": "all punishments", + "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17379": "all punishments", + "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737a": "indulgences absolved buyers from all punishments and granted them salvation were in error.", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737b": "Christ", "56f8046faef2371900625d71": "Tetzel", - "56f8046faef2371900625d72": "capacity to exaggerate", - "56f8046faef2371900625d73": "the dead", - "56f8046faef2371900625d74": "indulgences for the living", - "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17387": "the posting on the door", - "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17388": "the posting on the door", + "56f8046faef2371900625d72": "exaggerate", + "56f8046faef2371900625d73": "dead", + "56f8046faef2371900625d74": "for the living", + "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17387": "the story of the posting on the door", + "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17388": "the story of the posting on the door", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17389": "Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738a": "Wittenberg", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738b": "little foundation in truth", "56f8074faef2371900625d79": "January 1518", - "56f8074faef2371900625d7a": "the printing press", - "56f8074faef2371900625d7b": "friends of Luther translated the 95 Theses", - "56f8074faef2371900625d7c": "Within two weeks", + "56f8074faef2371900625d7a": "printing press", + "56f8074faef2371900625d7b": "friends of Luther translated the 95 Theses from Latin into German", + "56f8074faef2371900625d7c": "two weeks", "56f8074faef2371900625d7d": "two months", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17391": "1519", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17392": "Students", - "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17393": "This early part of Luther's career was one of his most creative and productive.", + "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17393": "early", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17394": "1520", - "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17395": "On the Freedom of a Christian.", + "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17395": "Three", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739b": "lectured", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739c": "penance and righteousness", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739d": "corrupt in its ways", - "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739e": "the doctrine of justification", + "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739e": "several of the central truths of Christianity", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739f": "doctrine of justification", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d83": "God", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d84": "1525", - "56f80ccfaef2371900625d85": "gift from God", - "56f80ccfaef2371900625d86": "the Smalcald Articles", + "56f80ccfaef2371900625d85": "Holy Spirit through the merits of Christ.\" Faith, for Luther, was a gift from God", + "56f80ccfaef2371900625d86": "Smalcald Articles", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d87": "faith", - "56f80e1daef2371900625d8d": "Luther's rediscovery of \"Christ and His salvation", - "56f80e1daef2371900625d8e": "Christ and His salvation", - "56f80e1daef2371900625d8f": "rediscovery of \"Christ and His salvation", - "56f80e1daef2371900625d90": "two points", + "56f80e1daef2371900625d8d": "Luther", + "56f80e1daef2371900625d8e": "two points", + "56f80e1daef2371900625d8f": "rediscovery of \"Christ and His salvation\" was the first of two points that became the foundation for the Reformation", + "56f80e1daef2371900625d90": "two", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d95": "Archbishop Albrecht", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d96": "Rome", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d97": "a papal dispensation", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d98": "one half", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d99": "December 1517", "56f811bdaef2371900625d9f": "Pope Leo X", - "56f811bdaef2371900625da0": "shouting match", + "56f811bdaef2371900625da0": "a series of papal theologians and envoys", "56f811bdaef2371900625da1": "October 1518", - "56f811bdaef2371900625da2": "stated", - "56f811bdaef2371900625da3": "to arrest", + "56f811bdaef2371900625da2": "Antichrist", + "56f811bdaef2371900625da3": "arrest Luther", "56f81393aef2371900625da9": "January 1519", "56f81393aef2371900625daa": "certain concessions to the Saxon, who was a relative of the Elector, and promised to remain silent", "56f81393aef2371900625dab": "Johann Eck", "56f81393aef2371900625dac": "Matthew 16:18", "56f81393aef2371900625dad": "a new Jan Hus", "56f81537aef2371900625db3": "15 June 1520", - "56f81537aef2371900625db4": "he recanted 41 sentences", + "56f81537aef2371900625db4": "41 sentences", "56f81537aef2371900625db5": "60 days", "56f81537aef2371900625db6": "Karl von Miltitz", "56f81537aef2371900625db7": "3 January 1521", - "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f1": "the secular authorities", + "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f1": "secular authorities", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f2": "18 April 1521", - "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f3": "the estates of the Holy Roman Empire", + "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f3": "Holy Roman Empire", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f4": "Emperor Charles V", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f5": "Prince Frederick III, Elector of Saxony", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fb": "Johann Eck", - "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fc": "the Archbishop of Trier", - "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fd": "whether he stood by their contents", - "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fe": "the next day", - "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173ff": "the next day", - "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17415": "in the traditional salute", + "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fc": "Archbishop of Trier", + "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fd": "copies of his writings", + "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fe": "next day", + "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173ff": "next day", + "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17415": "raised his arm \"in the traditional salute", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17416": "traditional salute of a knight winning a bout", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17417": "Michael Mullett", - "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17418": "world classic of epoch-making oratory", + "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17418": "\"world classic of epoch-making oratory", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17427": "recant his writings", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17428": "Luther", - "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17429": "the evidence for these words to be unreliable", - "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e1742a": "dramatic", + "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17429": "unreliable", + "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e1742a": "the more dramatic", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e17439": "private conferences", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743a": "25 May 1521", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743b": "The Emperor", - "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743c": "the Edict of Worms on 25 May 1521, declaring Luther an outlaw, banning his literature, and requiring his arrest", + "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743c": ", and requiring his arrest: \"We want him to be apprehended and punished as a notorious heretic.\"", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743d": "kill", "56f82989aef2371900625e6b": "disappearance", - "56f82989aef2371900625e6c": "Wartburg Castle at Eisenach", - "56f82989aef2371900625e6d": "my Patmos", - "56f82989aef2371900625e6e": "the New Testament", - "56f82989aef2371900625e6f": "shamed", + "56f82989aef2371900625e6c": "Eisenach", + "56f82989aef2371900625e6d": "Patmos", + "56f82989aef2371900625e6e": "New Testament", + "56f82989aef2371900625e6f": "Mainz", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17457": "a sin", - "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17458": "a sin", + "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17458": "All humans are sinners by nature, he explained, and God's grace (which cannot be earned) alone can make them just", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17459": "1 August 1521", - "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745a": "God's grace", + "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745a": "Christ", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745b": "justice", "56f84485aef2371900625f71": "summer of 1521", - "56f84485aef2371900625f72": "condemned as idolatry", - "56f84485aef2371900625f73": "a gift", + "56f84485aef2371900625f72": "idolatry", + "56f84485aef2371900625f73": "thanksgiving by the whole congregation", "56f84485aef2371900625f74": "private confession and absolution", - "56f84485aef2371900625f75": "without sin", - "56f845dba6d7ea1400e17519": "he broadened the foundations", + "56f84485aef2371900625f75": "break their vows without sin, because vows were an illegitimate and vain attempt to win salvation", + "56f845dba6d7ea1400e17519": "prophetic faith", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751a": "1521", - "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751b": "prophecy", - "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751c": "the Little Horn", - "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751d": "The antichrist", + "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751b": "Little Horn", + "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751c": "Little Horn", + "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751d": "antichrist", "56f84760aef2371900625f81": "Gabriel Zwilling", "56f84760aef2371900625f82": "June 1521", "56f84760aef2371900625f83": "disturbances", @@ -2316,39 +2316,39 @@ "56f84760aef2371900625f85": "the town council", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e1752f": "6 March 1522", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17530": "God's word", - "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17531": "preached eight sermons", - "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17532": "Invocavit Sermons", + "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17531": "eight sermons", + "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17532": "Invocavit Sermons\".", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17533": "trust God's word rather than violence", - "56f84a60aef2371900625f9d": "intervention", + "56f84a60aef2371900625f9d": "immediate", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9e": "Jerome Schurf", - "56f84a60aef2371900625f9f": "After the sixth sermon", - "56f84a60aef2371900625fa0": "Oh, what joy", + "56f84a60aef2371900625f9f": "After the sixth", + "56f84a60aef2371900625fa0": "misguided people into the way of the truth", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa1": "misguided people", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa7": "public order", - "56f84b68aef2371900625fa8": "conservative force", + "56f84b68aef2371900625fa8": "conservative", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa9": "the Zwickau prophets", "56f84b68aef2371900625faa": "social unrest and violence", - "56f84b68aef2371900625fab": "the established Church", + "56f84b68aef2371900625fab": "the established Church but also the radical reformers", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb1": "Zwickau prophet", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb2": "the German Peasants' War", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb3": "1524\u201325", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb4": "an attack on the upper classes", - "56f84d33aef2371900625fb5": "the upper classes", - "56f84e63aef2371900625fc1": "the temporal authorities", + "56f84d33aef2371900625fb5": "upper classes", + "56f84e63aef2371900625fc1": "temporal authorities", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc2": "Thuringia", - "56f84e63aef2371900625fc3": "Against the Murderous, Thieving Hordes of Peasants", - "56f84e63aef2371900625fc4": "the widespread burning", - "56f84e63aef2371900625fc5": "the nobles", + "56f84e63aef2371900625fc3": "Against the Murderous, Thieving Hordes", + "56f84e63aef2371900625fc4": "Gospel teaching on wealth", + "56f84e63aef2371900625fc5": "the nobles to put down the rebels like mad dogs", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754b": "three grounds", - "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754c": "violence", + "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754c": "violence over lawful submission to the secular government", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754d": "God", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754e": "Divine Right of Kings", - "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754f": "death in body and soul, if only as highwaymen and murderers", - "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755d": "backing", + "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754f": "\"death in body and soul, if only as highwaymen and murderers", + "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755d": "betrayed", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755e": "the Swabian League", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755f": "15 May 1525", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17560": "M\u00fcntzer's execution", - "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17561": "the secular powers", + "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17561": "secular powers", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756d": "Katharina von Bora", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756e": "herring barrels", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756f": "26", @@ -2356,36 +2356,36 @@ "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17571": "April 1523", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17577": "13 June 1525", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17578": "evening of the same day", - "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17579": "the wedding banquet", + "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17579": "The ceremonial walk to the church and the wedding banquet", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757a": "27 June", - "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757b": "Johannes Bugenhagen", + "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757b": "Bugenhagen", "56f855caaef2371900625ff3": "reckless", "56f855caaef2371900625ff4": "clerical marriage", "56f855caaef2371900625ff5": "Biblical grounds", "56f855caaef2371900625ff6": "the death of a heretic", "56f855caaef2371900625ff7": "reckless", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffd": "The Black Cloister", - "56f8575aaef2371900625ffe": "The Black Cloister", + "56f8575aaef2371900625ffe": "monastery", "56f8575aaef2371900625fff": "six", - "56f8575aaef2371900626000": "riches of Croesus", + "56f8575aaef2371900626000": "Croesus", "56f8575aaef2371900626001": "farming the land", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175af": "His Biblical ideal of congregations' choosing their own ministers", - "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b0": "supervisory church body, laid down a new form of worship service", - "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b1": "a new form of worship service", - "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b2": "catechisms", - "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b3": "revolutionary to the extent that it is a theology of the cross", + "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b0": "a supervisory church body, laid down a new form of worship service", + "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b1": "new form of worship service", + "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b2": "two catechisms", + "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b3": "a given locality", "56f85bb8aef237190062600f": "extreme change", - "56f85bb8aef2371900626010": "the Electorate of Saxony", - "56f85bb8aef2371900626011": "an adviser", + "56f85bb8aef2371900626010": "Saxony", + "56f85bb8aef2371900626011": "new territories", "56f85bb8aef2371900626012": "John the Steadfast", - "56f85bb8aef2371900626013": "questionable and originally unintended development towards a church government under the temporal sovereign", + "56f85bb8aef2371900626013": "a church government under the temporal sovereign", "56f85cf0aef2371900626019": "early 1526", - "56f85cf0aef237190062601a": "1523 adaptation of the Latin Mass", + "56f85cf0aef237190062601a": "the Latin Mass", "56f85cf0aef237190062601b": "the \"simple people", "56f85cf0aef237190062601c": "everything that smacks of sacrifice", "56f85cf0aef237190062601d": "freedom of ceremony", - "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c3": "their visitation of the Electorate of Saxony, which began in 1527", - "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c4": "their visitation of the Electorate of Saxony", + "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c3": "1527", + "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c4": "Electorate of Saxony", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c5": "Christian education", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c6": "Christian doctrine", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c7": "teaching", @@ -2395,21 +2395,21 @@ "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d0": "the people themselves", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d1": "questions and answers", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d7": "The catechism", - "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d8": "my writings in volumes", - "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d9": "the Catechism", - "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175da": "The catechism", - "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175db": "translation of the Bible", + "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d8": "devoured", + "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d9": "none of them to be really a book of mine, except perhaps the Bondage of the Will and the Catechism", + "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175da": "The Small Catechism", + "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175db": "Bible", "56f86966aef2371900626053": "Small Catechism", - "56f86966aef2371900626054": "the Larger Catechism", + "56f86966aef2371900626054": "Larger Catechism", "56f86966aef2371900626055": "German vernacular", - "56f86966aef2371900626056": "persons to be known", + "56f86966aef2371900626056": "Trinitarian language", "56f86966aef2371900626057": "the Father", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f5": "1522", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f6": "1534", - "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f7": "translation", - "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f8": "alone", - "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f9": "faith in Christ", - "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17605": "the Saxon chancellery", + "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f7": "the translation", + "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f8": "\"alone\" after \"faith", + "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f9": "Faith alone justifies us, and not works", + "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17605": "Saxon chancellery", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17606": "northern and southern Germans", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17607": "everyday Germans", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17608": "everyday Germans", @@ -2418,46 +2418,46 @@ "56f86e91aef2371900626068": "Bible translation", "56f86e91aef2371900626069": "evolution of the German language and literature", "56f86e91aef237190062606a": "Lucas Cranach", - "56f86e91aef237190062606b": "William Tyndale's English Bible", + "56f86e91aef237190062606b": "William Tyndale", "56f87000aef2371900626071": "hymn-writer", - "56f87000aef2371900626072": "lute", - "56f87000aef2371900626073": "singing of German hymns", - "56f87000aef2371900626074": "a lute", + "56f87000aef2371900626072": "folk music", + "56f87000aef2371900626073": "German hymns", + "56f87000aef2371900626074": "lute", "56f87000aef2371900626075": "waldzither", - "56f8720eaef237190062608f": "his learning of the execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes", + "56f8720eaef237190062608f": "the first individuals to be martyred", "56f8720eaef2371900626090": "Lutheran views", - "56f8720eaef2371900626091": "A new song", + "56f8720eaef2371900626091": "\"Ein neues Lied wir heben an\" (\"A new song we raise\"),", "56f8720eaef2371900626092": "John C. Messenger", "56f8720eaef2371900626093": "Flung to the Heedless Winds", "56f87392aef2371900626099": "1524", - "56f87392aef237190062609a": "confession of faith", - "56f87392aef237190062609b": "the Apostles' Creed in the Small Catechism.", - "56f87392aef237190062609c": "German creedal hymn", - "56f87392aef237190062609d": "the perceived difficulty of its tune", + "56f87392aef237190062609a": "the Apostles' Creed", + "56f87392aef237190062609b": "One True God\") is a three-stanza confession of faith prefiguring Luther's 1529 three-part explanation of the Apostles' Creed", + "56f87392aef237190062609c": "German", + "56f87392aef237190062609d": "because of the perceived difficulty of its tune", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e1766f": "1538", - "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17670": "extant manuscript", - "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17671": "specific catechism questions", + "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17670": "\"Vater unser im Himmelreich\",", + "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17671": "catechism questions", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17672": "multiple revisions", - "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17673": "tune", + "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17673": "Luther's tune", "56f87760aef23719006260cc": "1523", "56f87760aef23719006260cd": "Psalm 130", "56f87760aef23719006260ce": "psalm-hymns for use in German worship", "56f87760aef23719006260cf": "Achtliederbuch", - "56f87760aef23719006260d0": "grace alone\" more fully. Because it expressed essential Reformation doctrine", - "56f879bdaef23719006260de": "\"Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland\"", + "56f87760aef23719006260d0": "essential Reformation doctrine", + "56f879bdaef23719006260de": "\"", "56f879bdaef23719006260df": "Te Deum", - "56f879bdaef23719006260e0": "main hymn", + "56f879bdaef23719006260e0": "Advent", "56f879bdaef23719006260e1": "two", - "56f879bdaef23719006260e2": "the German Te Deum", - "56f87e95aef237190062610a": "baptism", + "56f879bdaef23719006260e2": "German Te Deum", + "56f87e95aef237190062610a": "structure and substance of his questions and answers concerning baptism", "56f87e95aef237190062610b": "Johann Walter", "56f87e95aef237190062610c": "prayer for grace", "56f87e95aef237190062610d": "J. S. Bach", "56f87e95aef237190062610e": "Halle", - "56f88025aef237190062611e": "Lutheran hymnals", + "56f88025aef237190062611e": "early Lutheran hymnals", "56f88025aef237190062611f": "four of eight", "56f88025aef2371900626120": "18 of 26", - "56f88025aef2371900626121": "24", + "56f88025aef2371900626121": "24 of the 32", "56f88025aef2371900626122": "Eyn geystlich Gesangk Buchleyn", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f3": "Johann Sebastian Bach", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f4": "chorale cantatas", @@ -2466,168 +2466,168 @@ "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f7": "1707", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fd": "sleeps", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fe": "torments", - "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176ff": "a prepared bedchamber in which they sleep in peace", + "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176ff": "penitential suffering", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17700": "rejected the existence", - "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17701": "heaven", + "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17701": "their graves and in heaven", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17707": "Franz Pieper", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17708": "Johann Gerhard", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17709": "Franz Pieper", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e1770a": "1755", - "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17723": "Commentary on Genesis", + "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17723": "Genesis", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17724": "Francis Blackburne", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17725": "1765", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17726": "Gottfried Fritschel", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17727": "dreams", "56f88c37aef2371900626176": "October 1529", - "56f88c37aef2371900626177": "Landgrave of Hesse", + "56f88c37aef2371900626177": "Hesse", "56f88c37aef2371900626178": "doctrinal unity", "56f88c37aef2371900626179": "fourteen", - "56f88c37aef237190062617a": "nature of the Eucharist", - "56f88eafaef2371900626194": "significance of the words", - "56f88eafaef2371900626195": "body and blood of Christ", + "56f88c37aef237190062617a": "nature of the Eucharist \u2013 the sacrament of the Lord's Supper", + "56f88eafaef2371900626194": "\"This is my body which is for you", + "56f88eafaef2371900626195": "Real Presence of the body and blood of Christ", "56f88eafaef2371900626196": "sacramental union", "56f88eafaef2371900626197": "spiritually or symbolically present", "56f88eafaef2371900626198": "confrontational", "56f8907faef23719006261b2": "1530", "56f8907faef23719006261b3": "the Marburg Colloquy", "56f8907faef23719006261b4": "Schmalkaldic League", - "56f8907faef23719006261b5": "The Swiss cities", + "56f8907faef23719006261b5": "Swiss cities", "56f8907faef23719006261b6": "George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach", "56f895339e9bad19000a0177": "antithetical", "56f895339e9bad19000a0178": "reason", "56f895339e9bad19000a0179": "no way", "56f895339e9bad19000a017a": "reason", - "56f895339e9bad19000a017b": "spheres of knowledge", + "56f895339e9bad19000a017b": "epistemological spheres", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5d": "Jesus Christ", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5e": "large-scale Jewish conversion to Christianity", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5f": "the Jews", - "56f897059b226e1400dd0c60": "the Anabaptists", + "56f897059b226e1400dd0c60": "the Anabaptists, Zwinglianism, and the papacy", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c61": "1543", - "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a5": "a scourge", + "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a5": "a scourge sent to punish Christians by God", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a6": "a scourge sent to punish Christians by God", - "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a7": "punish Christians", + "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a7": "punish Christians by God, as agents of the Biblical apocalypse", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a8": "the papacy", - "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a9": "non", - "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9d": "the Qur'an", + "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a9": "non-religious", + "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9d": "Qur'an", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9e": "critical pamphlets", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9f": "Mohammedanism\" or \"the Turk\".", - "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca0": "a tool of the devil", + "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca0": "Mohammedanism\" or \"the Turk\".", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca1": "exposed to scrutiny", - "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022b": "God's wrath", - "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022c": "Johannes Agricola", - "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022d": "God's gospel, not God's moral law (the Ten Commandments", + "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022b": "Ten Commandments", + "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022c": "Agricola", + "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022d": "Ten Commandments", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022e": "six series of theses", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022f": "On the Councils and the Church", - "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0251": "the \"second use of the law", - "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0252": "second use", - "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0253": "everything that is used to work sorrow over sin is called the law", + "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0251": "second use of the law", + "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0252": "second use of the law,\" that is, the law as the Holy Spirit's tool to work sorrow over sin", + "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0253": "everything that is used to work sorrow over sin", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0254": "the accusing law", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0255": "essentially holy people", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025b": "how the Christian ought to live", - "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025c": "Ten Commandments", - "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025d": "third use", - "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025e": "an illustration of the Ten Commandments", - "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025f": "the Ten Commandments", + "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025c": "natural law", + "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025d": "third", + "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025e": "example", + "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025f": "Ten Commandments", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da7": "baptism", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da8": "The Ten Commandments", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da9": "service to the neighbor", - "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02b9": "bigamy", - "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02ba": "the bigamy", - "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bb": "ladies-in-waiting", - "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bc": "Luther", + "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02b9": "one of his wife's ladies-in-waiting", + "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02ba": "bigamy", + "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bb": "one of his wife's ladies-in-waiting", + "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bc": "the landgrave himself", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bd": "lasting damage", - "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02eb": "expelled Jews", + "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02eb": "expelled Jews some ninety", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ec": "the Jews", - "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ed": "the murder of Christ", - "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ee": "the divinity of Jesus", + "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ed": "murder of Christ", + "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ee": "rejected the divinity of Jesus", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ef": "convert them to Christianity", - "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e05": "treatise", + "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e05": "Von den Juden und Ihren L\u00fcgen (On the Jews and Their Lies", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e06": "1543", - "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e07": "three years", + "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e07": "1543", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e08": "the devil's people", - "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e09": "sanction for murder", + "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e09": "\"We are at fault in not slaying them\" amounted to a sanction for murder", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3b": "the Jews", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3c": "Martin Luther", - "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3d": "doomed to perdition", + "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3d": "perdition", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3e": "Luther's anti-Jewish works", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3f": "1580s", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e75": "Luther", - "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e76": "his anti-Jewish rhetoric", - "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e77": "antisemitism in Germany, and in the 1930s and 1940s provided an \"ideal underpinning\" for the Nazis' attacks on Jews", + "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e76": "anti-Jewish rhetoric", + "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e77": "antisemitism", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e78": "Luther", - "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e79": "radically", + "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e79": "Julius Streicher", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a0389": "17 December 1941", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038a": "Luther", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038b": "Diarmaid MacCulloch", - "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038c": "seven Protestant regional church confederations", - "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038d": "antisemite", + "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038c": "Bishop Martin Sasse, a leading Protestant churchman", + "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038d": "greatest antisemite", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03bf": "opportunistic", - "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c0": "There is a world of difference between his belief in salvation and a racial ideology. Nevertheless, his misguided agitation had the evil result that Luther fatefully", + "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c0": "There is a world of difference between his belief in salvation and a racial ideology", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c1": "anti-Semitism and thus provided material for the modern hatred of the Jews", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c2": "18th and 19th centuries", - "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c3": "His position was entirely religious and in no respect racial.\"", - "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03db": "violence", - "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dc": "Ronald Berger", + "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c3": "\"One could wish that Luther had died before ever [On the Jews and Their Lies] was written. His position was entirely religious", + "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03db": "new element to the standard Christian suspicion of Judaism", + "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dc": "anti-Semitism as a key element of German culture and national identity", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dd": "a \"hysterical and demonizing mentality", - "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03de": "Luther and the Protestant Church in Nazi Germany (2012), shows that a large number of German Lutheran clergy and theologians", + "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03de": "Luther is credited with \"Germanizing the Christian critique of Judaism and establishing anti-Semitism as a key element of German culture and national identity", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03df": "Demonizing the Jews", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eed": "a declining state of mind", - "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eee": "his health deteriorated, it is possible they were at least partly the product of a declining state of mind", + "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eee": "declining state of mind", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eef": "vulgarity and violence", - "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef0": "Muslims) and Catholics", - "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef1": "Luther's Last Battles", - "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f35": "Since the 1980s", - "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f36": "least prejudiced", + "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef0": "\"Turks\" (Muslims) and Catholics", + "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef1": "Politics and Polemics 1531\u201346 (1983", + "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f35": "1980s", + "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f36": "the least prejudiced", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f37": "Richard (Dick) Geary", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f38": "1928-1933", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f45": "deteriorated", - "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f46": "bigamy of the Philip of Hesse", + "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f46": "the bigamy of the Philip of Hesse", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f47": "kidney and bladder stones, and arthritis", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f48": "M\u00e9ni\u00e8re's disease", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f49": "angina", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f61": "His poor physical health", - "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f62": "his writings and comments", + "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f62": "made him short-tempered", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f63": "short-tempered and even harsher", - "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f64": "His wife Katharina", - "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f65": "three times", + "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f64": "Katharina", + "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f65": "three", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7d": "Eisleben", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7e": "15 February 1546", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7f": "the obdurate Jews", - "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f80": "the obdurate Jews, whom it was a matter of great urgency to expel from all German territory", - "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f81": "desisted from their calumny and their usury and became Christians", + "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f80": "German territory", + "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f81": "Christians", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a0": "Mansfeld", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a1": "negotiations for a settlement", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a2": "late 1545", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a3": "early 1546", - "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a4": "his siblings' families", + "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a4": "copper mining trade", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c6": "17 February 1546", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c7": "chest pains", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c8": "Ps. 31:5", - "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c9": "Ps. 31:5), the common prayer of the dying", - "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04ca": "1 a.m", - "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e0": "apoplectic stroke", + "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c9": "O Lord, faithful God", + "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04ca": "1", + "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e0": "An apoplectic stroke", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e1": "2:45 a.m. on 18 February 1546", - "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e2": "18 February 1546", - "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e3": "Wittenberg", + "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e2": "2:45 a.m. on 18 February 1546", + "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e3": "the Castle Church", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e4": "Johannes Bugenhagen and Philipp Melanchthon", - "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1007": "A piece of paper", - "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1008": "Latin", - "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1009": "We are beggars", - "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0514": "monumental size", - "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0515": "frail", - "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0516": "emphasized his monumental size", - "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0517": "ascetic life of the medieval religious orders", + "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1007": "A piece of paper was later found on which Luther had written his last statement", + "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1008": "Latin, apart from \"We are beggars,\" which was in German", + "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1009": "\"We are beggars", + "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0514": "printed images of Luther that emphasized his monumental size", + "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0515": "frail Catholic saints", + "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0516": "stout man", + "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0517": "frail Catholic saints", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0518": "1530s and 1540s", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103d": "18 February", - "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103e": "Lutheran Calendar of Saints", + "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103e": "18 February", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103f": "31 October", - "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1040": "Church of England's Calendar of Saints", - "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1041": "18 February", + "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1040": "31 October", + "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1041": "31 October", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d4": "SoCal", - "5705e26d75f01819005e76d5": "10-county", - "5705e26d75f01819005e76d6": "major economic center", + "5705e26d75f01819005e76d5": "eight counties", + "5705e26d75f01819005e76d6": "economic center", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d7": "demographics and economic ties", - "5705e26d75f01819005e76d8": "Kern and San Luis Obispo counties", + "5705e26d75f01819005e76d8": "Kern and San Luis Obispo counties, is also used based on historical political divisions", "5705e33f52bb89140068964c": "greater Southern California Megaregion", "5705e33f52bb89140068964d": "11", "5705e33f52bb89140068964e": "Las Vegas, Nevada", @@ -2636,9 +2636,9 @@ "5705e3f252bb89140068966a": "Pacific coast", "5705e3f252bb89140068966b": "seven", "5705e3f252bb89140068966c": "12 million", - "5705e3f252bb89140068966d": "three", + "5705e3f252bb89140068966d": "the Los Angeles area with over 12 million inhabitants, the Riverside-San Bernardino area with over four million inhabitants, and the San Diego area", "5705e3f252bb89140068966e": "17.5 million", - "5705e4fe75f01819005e7704": "Colorado Desert and the Colorado River", + "5705e4fe75f01819005e7704": "Colorado Desert", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7705": "Colorado Desert", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7706": "Mojave Desert", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7707": "Mexico\u2013United States border", @@ -2647,39 +2647,39 @@ "5705e63175f01819005e7722": "Los Angeles", "5705e63175f01819005e7723": "San Diego", "5705e63175f01819005e7724": "south", - "5705e99452bb891400689688": "the United States.", - "5705e99452bb891400689689": "the state", - "5705e99452bb89140068968a": "counties of Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside are the five most populous", - "5705e99452bb89140068968b": "15", - "5705e99452bb89140068968c": "the state and all are in the top 15 most populous counties in the United States.", + "5705e99452bb891400689688": "Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside", + "5705e99452bb891400689689": "the United States.", + "5705e99452bb89140068968a": "five most populous", + "5705e99452bb89140068968b": "the five most populous in the state and all are in the top 15 most populous counties in the United States.", + "5705e99452bb89140068968c": "the United States.", "5705eb3375f01819005e7764": "Hollywood", "5705eb3375f01819005e7765": "Los Angeles", - "5705eb3375f01819005e7766": "The Walt Disney Company", - "5705eb3375f01819005e7767": "music", - "5705eb3375f01819005e7768": "Sony", - "5705ec1675f01819005e776e": "yachting", + "5705eb3375f01819005e7766": "Walt Disney Company", + "5705eb3375f01819005e7767": "The Walt Disney Company", + "5705eb3375f01819005e7768": "Universal, Warner Brothers, and Sony", + "5705ec1675f01819005e776e": "skateboard culture", "5705ec1675f01819005e776f": "Tony Hawk", "5705ec1675f01819005e7770": "Shaun White", "5705ec1675f01819005e7771": "Oahu", "5705ec1675f01819005e7772": "Transpacific Yacht Race, or Transpac", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b8": "Palm Springs", - "5705eccb52bb8914006896b9": "its popular beaches", - "5705eccb52bb8914006896ba": "southern California coast", + "5705eccb52bb8914006896b9": "beaches", + "5705eccb52bb8914006896ba": "desert", "5705eccb52bb8914006896bb": "nearby open spaces", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ca": "37\u00b0 9' 58.23\" latitude", - "5705edcd52bb8914006896cb": "around 11 miles", + "5705edcd52bb8914006896cb": "37\u00b0 9' 58.23\" latitude", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cc": "ten", - "5705edcd52bb8914006896cd": "Tehachapi Mountains", + "5705edcd52bb8914006896cd": "the Tehachapi Mountains", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ce": "the Tehachapi Mountains", "5705eee952bb8914006896de": "Mexico", "5705eee952bb8914006896df": "Alta California", "5705eee952bb8914006896e0": "Monterey", - "5705eee952bb8914006896e1": "Compromise of 1850", - "5705eee952bb8914006896e2": "free state", - "5705f09e75f01819005e77a4": "inequitable taxes and land laws", + "5705eee952bb8914006896e1": "Compromise of 1850 enabled California to be admitted to the Union as a free state", + "5705eee952bb8914006896e2": "a free state", + "5705f09e75f01819005e77a4": "inequitable taxes", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a5": "Cow Counties", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a6": "three", - "5705f09e75f01819005e77a7": "nearly 75%", + "5705f09e75f01819005e77a7": "75%", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a8": "Milton Latham", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f0": "Los Angeles Times", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f1": "1900", @@ -2690,116 +2690,116 @@ "5705f36452bb891400689719": "California State Automobile Association", "5705f36452bb89140068971a": "three-region", "5705f36452bb89140068971b": "South of the Tehachapis", - "5705f36452bb89140068971c": "southern California", - "5705f7c875f01819005e77dc": "the third most populated megalopolis in the United States", + "5705f36452bb89140068971c": "southern California region", + "5705f7c875f01819005e77dc": "Great Lakes Megalopolis and the Northeastern", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dd": "vast areas", - "5705f7c875f01819005e77de": "use of automobiles and highways", - "5705f7c875f01819005e77df": "large, spread-out, suburban communities and use of automobiles and highways", - "5705f7c875f01819005e77e0": "international metropolitan region in the form of San Diego\u2013Tijuana", + "5705f7c875f01819005e77de": "suburban communities and use of automobiles and highways", + "5705f7c875f01819005e77df": "suburban communities and use of automobiles and highways", + "5705f7c875f01819005e77e0": "San Diego\u2013Tijuana", "5705fb7f52bb891400689750": "Camp Pendleton", - "5705fb7f52bb891400689751": "Inland Empire", + "5705fb7f52bb891400689751": "Temecula and Murrieta have as much connection with the San Diego metropolitan area as they do with the Inland Empire", "5705fb7f52bb891400689752": "United States Census Bureau", - "5705fb7f52bb891400689753": "Orange Counties", + "5705fb7f52bb891400689753": "L.A. and Orange Counties", "5705fb7f52bb891400689754": "1990s", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976a": "Mediterranean", - "5705fc3a52bb89140068976b": "infrequent rain", + "5705fc3a52bb89140068976b": "Mediterranean", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976c": "90-60's", - "5705fc3a52bb89140068976d": "rare", + "5705fc3a52bb89140068976d": "very rare", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976e": "70-50's", "5705fd8475f01819005e7841": "Pacific Ocean", - "5705fd8475f01819005e7840": "Southern California consists of one of the more varied collections of geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes", - "5705fd8475f01819005e7842": "topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes", + "5705fd8475f01819005e7840": "geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes", + "5705fd8475f01819005e7842": "geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes", "5705fd8475f01819005e7843": "Peninsular Ranges", - "5705fd8475f01819005e7844": "Transverse and Peninsular Ranges with their peaks, into the large and small interior valleys", + "5705fd8475f01819005e7844": "Transverse and Peninsular Ranges", "5705fec152bb89140068977a": "10,000", - "5705fec152bb89140068977b": "small", + "5705fec152bb89140068977b": "so small", "5705fec152bb89140068977c": "6.7", - "5705fec152bb89140068977d": "property damage", - "5705fec152bb89140068977e": "over $20 billion", + "5705fec152bb89140068977d": "$20 billion", + "5705fec152bb89140068977e": "$20 billion", "5705ffde52bb891400689784": "San Andreas Fault", - "5705ffde52bb891400689785": "magnitude 6.7+", + "5705ffde52bb891400689785": "a magnitude 6.7+", "5705ffde52bb891400689786": "Puente Hills Fault, and the Elsinore Fault Zone", - "5705ffde52bb891400689787": "The USGS", + "5705ffde52bb891400689787": "USGS", "5705ffde52bb891400689788": "Earthquake occurrence", - "570602fa52bb89140068979e": "economically", + "570602fa52bb89140068979e": "the southern California atmosphere", "570602fa52bb89140068979f": "global", - "570602fa52bb8914006897a0": "economic activity", - "570603c475f01819005e7882": "2010", + "570602fa52bb8914006897a0": "economic activity for its respective region and being home to many tourist destinations", + "570603c475f01819005e7882": "2010 United States Census, southern California has a population of 22,680,010", "570603c475f01819005e7883": "high growth rates", "570603c475f01819005e7884": "10.0%", - "570603c475f01819005e7885": "tech-oriented economy", - "570603c475f01819005e7886": "Greater Sacramento region", - "5706074552bb8914006897d4": "Southern California", - "5706074552bb8914006897d5": "five million", + "570603c475f01819005e7885": "tech-oriented economy in the Bay Area", + "570603c475f01819005e7886": "Greater Sacramento", + "5706074552bb8914006897d4": "Metropolitan Statistical Areas", + "5706074552bb8914006897d5": "two extended metropolitan areas that exceed five million", "5706074552bb8914006897d6": "five million", - "5706074552bb8914006897d7": "the Southern Border Region", + "5706074552bb8914006897d7": "Southern Border Region", "5706074552bb8914006897d8": "17,786,419", "570607f575f01819005e78b4": "Los Angeles", - "570607f575f01819005e78b5": "3.7 million people", + "570607f575f01819005e78b5": "Los Angeles (at 3.7 million people", "570607f575f01819005e78b6": "twelve", - "570607f575f01819005e78b7": "100,000 in population", - "570607f575f01819005e78b8": "San Bernardino and Riverside", + "570607f575f01819005e78b7": "100,000", + "570607f575f01819005e78b8": "Riverside", "5706094b52bb8914006897de": "petroleum", "5706094b52bb8914006897df": "Hollywood", "5706094b52bb8914006897e0": "housing bubble", - "5706094b52bb8914006897e1": "abundance of petroleum", - "5706094b52bb8914006897e2": "the United States.", + "5706094b52bb8914006897e1": "diverse and one of the largest in the United States. It is dominated and heavily dependent upon abundance of petroleum", + "5706094b52bb8914006897e2": "heavily impacted by the housing crash", "57060a1175f01819005e78d2": "1920s", - "57060a1175f01819005e78d3": "motion pictures, petroleum and aircraft manufacturing", - "57060a1175f01819005e78d5": "cattle and citrus", + "57060a1175f01819005e78d3": "cattle and citrus were major industries until farmlands were turned into suburbs", + "57060a1175f01819005e78d5": "citrus", "57060a1175f01819005e78d4": "cattle and citrus", "57060a1175f01819005e78d6": "aerospace", - "57060a6e52bb8914006897f8": "major business", + "57060a6e52bb8914006897f8": "Central business districts (CBD", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f9": "Central business districts", - "57060a6e52bb8914006897fa": "Downtown Riverside.", - "57060cc352bb89140068980e": "major business", + "57060a6e52bb8914006897fa": "Downtown Los Angeles, Downtown San Diego, Downtown San Bernardino, Downtown Bakersfield, South Coast Metro and Downtown Riverside", + "57060cc352bb89140068980e": "Downtown Burbank, Downtown Santa Monica", "57060cc352bb89140068980f": "Los Angeles Area", "57060cc352bb891400689810": "San Fernando Valley", "57060cc352bb891400689811": "San Fernando Valley", - "57060df252bb891400689820": "business districts", - "57060df252bb891400689821": "Downtown San Bernardino, Hospitality Business/Financial Centre, University Town which are in San Bernardino and Downtown Riverside", + "57060df252bb891400689820": "Downtown San Bernardino, Hospitality Business/Financial Centre", + "57060df252bb891400689821": "Downtown San Bernardino, Hospitality Business/Financial Centre", "57060df252bb891400689822": "Hospitality Business/Financial Centre", "57060eaf75f01819005e7910": "Orange County", "57060eaf75f01819005e7911": "University of California, Irvine", - "57060eaf75f01819005e7912": "Orange County", + "57060eaf75f01819005e7912": "West Irvine", "57060eaf75f01819005e7913": "South Coast Metro", "57060eaf75f01819005e7914": "rapidly", - "57060f3e75f01819005e7922": "Downtown San Diego", + "57060f3e75f01819005e7922": "Downtown", "57060f3e75f01819005e7923": "Carmel Valley", - "57060f3e75f01819005e7924": "North County regions", - "57060f3e75f01819005e7925": "San Diego", + "57060f3e75f01819005e7924": "North County", + "57060f3e75f01819005e7925": "Sorrento Mesa", "570610b275f01819005e792a": "Los Angeles International Airport", - "570610b275f01819005e792b": "passenger volume", - "570610b275f01819005e792c": "the second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume (see World's busiest airports by passenger traffic) and the third", + "570610b275f01819005e792b": "volume", + "570610b275f01819005e792c": "second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume (see World's busiest airports by passenger traffic) and the third", "570610b275f01819005e792d": "San Diego International Airport", "570610b275f01819005e792e": "Van Nuys Airport", "5706111a52bb89140068984c": "Metrolink", "5706111a52bb89140068984d": "seven", "5706111a52bb89140068984e": "Six", - "5706111a52bb89140068984f": "Orange counties", + "5706111a52bb89140068984f": "San Bernardino, Riverside, and Orange counties", "570611c475f01819005e793c": "Port of Los Angeles", - "570611c475f01819005e793d": "Port of Long Beach", - "570611c475f01819005e793e": "Southern California", - "5706139252bb891400689864": "The Tech Coast", - "5706139252bb891400689865": "research", + "570611c475f01819005e793d": "Long Beach", + "570611c475f01819005e793e": "Southern California is also home to the Port of Los Angeles, the United States' busiest commercial port; the adjacent Port of Long Beach", + "5706139252bb891400689864": "Tech Coast", + "5706139252bb891400689865": "prestigious and world-renowned research", "5706139252bb891400689866": "California Institute of Technology", "5706139252bb891400689867": "5", "5706139252bb891400689868": "12", - "5706143575f01819005e7950": "Professional sports teams in Southern California", - "5706143575f01819005e7951": "NBA", + "5706143575f01819005e7950": "Professional sports teams in Southern California include teams from the NFL", + "5706143575f01819005e7951": "NFL (Los Angeles Rams, San Diego Chargers); NBA", "5706143575f01819005e7952": "MLB", "5706143575f01819005e7953": "Los Angeles Kings", "5706143575f01819005e7954": "LA Galaxy", "5706149552bb891400689880": "Chivas", - "5706149552bb891400689881": "two", - "5706149552bb891400689882": "2014", + "5706149552bb891400689881": "two Major League Soccer teams in Los Angeles \u2014 the LA Galaxy and Chivas USA", + "5706149552bb891400689882": "2014 MLS season", "5706149552bb891400689883": "StubHub Center", "5706149552bb891400689884": "2018", "570614ff52bb89140068988a": "College sports", - "570614ff52bb89140068988b": "UCLA Bruins", - "570614ff52bb89140068988c": "Trojans", + "570614ff52bb89140068988b": "USC Trojans", + "570614ff52bb89140068988c": "Pac-12 Conference", "570614ff52bb89140068988d": "Pac-12 Conference", - "570614ff52bb89140068988e": "NCAA Division I", + "570614ff52bb89140068988e": "Division I in the Pac-12 Conference", "5706155352bb891400689894": "Rugby", "5706155352bb891400689895": "high school", "5706155352bb891400689896": "southern California", @@ -2807,30 +2807,30 @@ "57092322efce8f15003a7db1": "BSkyB", "57092322efce8f15003a7db2": "2014", "57092322efce8f15003a7db3": "British Sky Broadcasting Group plc", - "57092322efce8f15003a7db4": "Sky UK Limited", + "57092322efce8f15003a7db4": "Sky UK Limited, still trading as Sky", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc4": "2006", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc5": "two", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc6": "Sky", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc7": "\u00a31.3bn", - "57094b4f9928a814004714f6": "ONdigital consortium", - "57094b4f9928a814004714f7": "ITV Digital's free-to-air replacement, Freeview", - "57094b4f9928a814004714f8": "three", + "57094b4f9928a814004714f6": "ONdigital", + "57094b4f9928a814004714f7": "Freeview", + "57094b4f9928a814004714f8": "Sky News", "57094b4f9928a814004714f9": "Sky Three", "57094b4f9928a814004714fa": "Pick TV", - "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd6": "Sky+", + "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd6": "Sky+ PVR", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd7": "September 2007", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd8": "pay a monthly fee", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd9": "January 2010", - "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dda": "Sky+HD Box", + "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dda": "discontinued the Sky+ Box", "57094d489928a8140047150a": "VideoGuard", - "57094d489928a8140047150b": "NDS, a Cisco Systems", + "57094d489928a8140047150b": "NDS", "57094d489928a8140047150c": "Cisco Systems", "57094d489928a8140047150d": "BSkyB", "57094d489928a8140047150e": "Sky+", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dff": "basic channels", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dfe": "2007", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e00": "substantially increased the asking price", - "570953a7efce8f15003a7e01": "Video On Demand content", + "570953a7efce8f15003a7e01": "Video On Demand", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e02": "HD channels", "570960cf200fba1400367f01": "July 2013", "570960cf200fba1400367f02": "31 July 2013", @@ -2843,12 +2843,12 @@ "570961aa200fba1400367f18": "Sky Digital", "570961aa200fba1400367f19": "3.5 million", "570963a5200fba1400367f33": "British Sky Broadcasting", - "570963a5200fba1400367f34": "a British telecommunications", + "570963a5200fba1400367f34": "British telecommunications company which serves the United Kingdom", "570963a5200fba1400367f35": "11 million", "570963a5200fba1400367f36": "Freeview", "57096505ed30961900e84082": "Sky Q Hub", - "57096505ed30961900e84083": "Sky Q Silver set top boxes", - "57096505ed30961900e84084": "recordings and other media", + "57096505ed30961900e84083": "Sky Q Silver set top boxes with a Wi-Fi or Power-line connection rather than receive their own satellite feeds", + "57096505ed30961900e84084": "share recordings and other media", "57096505ed30961900e84085": "later in 2016", "57096505ed30961900e84086": "2016", "570966e0200fba1400367f4f": "MPEG-2", @@ -2860,7 +2860,7 @@ "570967c4ed30961900e840bb": "Astra 2A", "570967c4ed30961900e840bc": "Astra 2A", "570967c4ed30961900e840bd": "hundreds", - "570967c4ed30961900e840be": "28.5\u00b0E", + "570967c4ed30961900e840be": "Astra 2A satellite which was located at the 28.5\u00b0E", "5709686c200fba1400367f77": "22 May 2006", "5709686c200fba1400367f78": "40,000", "5709686c200fba1400367f79": "Thomson", @@ -2868,13 +2868,13 @@ "5709686c200fba1400367f7b": "4,222,000", "57096b66200fba1400367fa7": "8 February 2007", "57096b66200fba1400367fa8": "March", - "57096b66200fba1400367fa9": "digital terrestrial platform", + "57096b66200fba1400367fa9": "digital terrestrial", "57096b66200fba1400367faa": "Virgin Media", "57096b66200fba1400367fab": "English Premier League Football", "57096c95200fba1400367fbb": "free-to-view", - "57096c95200fba1400367fbc": "monthly subscription", - "57096c95200fba1400367fbd": "VideoGuard UK equipped", - "57096c95200fba1400367fbe": "Ku band LNB (9.75/10.600 GHz", + "57096c95200fba1400367fbc": "a VideoGuard UK equipped receiver", + "57096c95200fba1400367fbd": "VideoGuard UK equipped receiver", + "57096c95200fba1400367fbe": "LNB", "57096c95200fba1400367fbf": "Sky service", "57096e1ced30961900e84102": "autumn of 1991", "57096e1ced30961900e84103": "ITV", @@ -2883,16 +2883,16 @@ "57096e1ced30961900e84106": "\u00a3304m", "57096f37200fba1400367fe5": "Ofcom", "57096f37200fba1400367fe6": "\u00a315\u2013100,000", - "57096f37200fba1400367fe7": "no veto over", - "57096f37200fba1400367fe8": "a fee, ranging from \u00a315\u2013100,000.", - "57096f37200fba1400367fe9": "a fee, ranging from \u00a315\u2013100,000.", + "57096f37200fba1400367fe7": "no", + "57096f37200fba1400367fe8": "not carry any control over the channel's content or carriage issues such as picture quality", + "57096f37200fba1400367fe9": "not carry any control over the channel's content or carriage issues such as picture quality", "57097051ed30961900e84132": "1 October 1998", "57097051ed30961900e84133": "Sky Digital", - "57097051ed30961900e84134": "Open", - "57097051ed30961900e84135": "ITV Digital) terrestrial offering and cable services", - "57097051ed30961900e84136": "over 100,000", + "57097051ed30961900e84134": "Sky Active", + "57097051ed30961900e84135": "ONdigital (later ITV Digital) terrestrial offering and cable services", + "57097051ed30961900e84136": "100,000", "57097141200fba1400367ff9": "2007", - "57097141200fba1400367ffa": "Virgin Media", + "57097141200fba1400367ffa": "Virgin Media (re-branded in 2007 from NTL:Telewest", "57097141200fba1400367ffb": "Video On Demand", "57097141200fba1400367ffc": "BBC HD", "57097141200fba1400367ffd": "Channel 4", @@ -2902,15 +2902,15 @@ "57097b50200fba1400368050": "36%", "57097b50200fba1400368051": "flattened", "57097c8fed30961900e841f2": "Welfare Cash Card", - "57097c8fed30961900e841f3": "essentials", + "57097c8fed30961900e841f3": "\"essentials", "57097c8fed30961900e841f4": "often damaging", "57097c8fed30961900e841f5": "Sky TV bills", "57097c8fed30961900e841f6": "a man's presence in the household", "57097d63ed30961900e841fc": "\u00a330m", - "57097d63ed30961900e841fd": "the carriage of their respective basic channels.", + "57097d63ed30961900e841fd": "no indication as to whether the new deal includes the additional Video On Demand and High Definition content", "57097d63ed30961900e841fe": "Virgin Media", "57097d63ed30961900e841ff": "BSkyB", - "57097d63ed30961900e84200": "their respective basic channels", + "57097d63ed30961900e84200": "carriage of their respective basic channels", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3d": "highly diversified", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3e": "second", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3f": "fourth", @@ -2919,17 +2919,17 @@ "570d2556fed7b91900d45c47": "Bendigo", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c48": "New South Wales", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c49": "Buckland Valley", - "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4a": "over 1,000", + "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4a": "1,000", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4b": "cramped and unsanitary", - "570d26efb3d812140066d48f": "multi-member proportional representation", + "570d26efb3d812140066d48f": "multi-member proportional representation system. The State of Victoria was divided into eight electorates with each electorate represented by five representatives elected by Single Transferable Vote", "570d26efb3d812140066d490": "eight", "570d26efb3d812140066d491": "five", "570d26efb3d812140066d492": "four years", "570d26efb3d812140066d493": "November every four years", - "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a3": "Australian Labor Party", - "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a4": "The Liberals", - "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a5": "Australian Labor Party", - "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a6": "Australian Labor Party", + "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a3": "Labor", + "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a4": "The Liberals' main support lies in Melbourne's more affluent eastern and outer suburbs", + "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a5": "North Western and Eastern rural regional areas", + "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a6": "The Greens, who won their first lower house seats in 2014, are strongest in inner Melbourne", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a7": "Labor", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bd": "61.1%", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4be": "26.7%", @@ -2937,8 +2937,8 @@ "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c0": "168,637", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c1": "20%", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c93": "south-east", - "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c94": "Australia's most densely populated state", - "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c95": "second-most populous", + "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c94": "most densely populated state", + "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c95": "second-most populous state overall", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c96": "Melbourne", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c97": "second-largest", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca7": "Koori", @@ -2946,69 +2946,69 @@ "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca9": "Sullivan Bay", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45caa": "Sullivan Bay", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45cab": "1803", - "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbb": "More than 26,000 square kilometres", + "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbb": "26,000", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbc": "50%", - "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbd": "6,000 square kilometres", + "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbd": "6,000", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbe": "nearly 90%", - "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbf": "270,000 tonnes", + "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbf": "270,000", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45ccf": "1975", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd0": "1855 colonial constitution", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd1": "Parliament of Victoria", - "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd2": "entrenched\" provisions", + "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd2": "\"entrenched\" provisions", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd3": "1855 colonial constitution", - "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce3": "warm", + "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce3": "hot winds blowing from nearby semi-deserts", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce4": "32 \u00b0C", - "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce5": "The Mallee and upper Wimmera", + "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce5": "15 \u00b0C (59 \u00b0F) in winter", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce6": "48.8 \u00b0C (119.8 \u00b0F) was recorded in Hopetoun on 7 February 2009", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce7": "7 February 2009", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d01": "state or government schools", - "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d02": "the Victoria Department of Education", + "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d02": "Department of Education", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d03": "some extra costs", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d04": "Roman Catholic Church", - "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d05": "government-set curriculum standards", - "570d3468b3d812140066d543": "car", + "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d05": "curriculum standards", + "570d3468b3d812140066d543": "Ford, Toyota and Holden", "570d3468b3d812140066d544": "2017", "570d3468b3d812140066d545": "May 2013", "570d3468b3d812140066d546": "October 2016", - "570d3468b3d812140066d547": "Ford", - "570d35b7b3d812140066d54d": "almost 2,000 m", + "570d3468b3d812140066d547": "Ford, Toyota and Holden", + "570d35b7b3d812140066d54d": "2,000 m", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54e": "Mount Bogong", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54f": "1,986 m", - "570d35b7b3d812140066d550": "river", + "570d35b7b3d812140066d550": "many topographically, geologically and climatically diverse areas", "570d35b7b3d812140066d551": "helmeted honeyeater", "570d391fb3d812140066d575": "The Victorian Alps", "570d391fb3d812140066d576": "Great Dividing Range", - "570d391fb3d812140066d577": "east-west", - "570d391fb3d812140066d578": "below 0 \u00b0C", - "570d391fb3d812140066d579": "\u221211.7 \u00b0C", - "570d4030fed7b91900d45d9f": "Victorian Government", - "570d4030fed7b91900d45da0": "V/Line", + "570d391fb3d812140066d577": "Great Dividing Range", + "570d391fb3d812140066d578": "0 \u00b0C", + "570d391fb3d812140066d579": "\u221211.7 \u00b0C (10.9 \u00b0F) was recorded at Omeo on 13 June 1965", + "570d4030fed7b91900d45d9f": "V/Line which is now owned by the Victorian Government", + "570d4030fed7b91900d45da0": "Metro Trains Melbourne which runs an extensive, electrified, passenger system throughout Melbourne and suburbs; V/Line", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da1": "Victorian Government", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da2": "freight services", - "570d4030fed7b91900d45da3": "an extensive, electrified, passenger system", + "570d4030fed7b91900d45da3": "electrified", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbd": "37", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbe": "12", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbf": "Legislative Assembly", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc0": "Legislative Council", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc1": "Linda Dessau", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd7": "1 July 1851", - "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd8": "1851", + "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd8": "Days later, still in 1851", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd9": "one of the largest gold rushes", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dda": "sevenfold", "570d4329fed7b91900d45ddb": "20 million", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fd": "1,548", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fe": "489", - "570d44abb3d812140066d5ff": "Just under 540,800", + "570d44abb3d812140066d5ff": "540,800", "570d44abb3d812140066d600": "63,519", - "570d44abb3d812140066d601": "Over 61 per cent", + "570d44abb3d812140066d601": "61", "570d4606b3d812140066d619": "Victoria", "570d4606b3d812140066d61a": "3 million", "570d4606b3d812140066d61b": "60%", "570d4606b3d812140066d61c": "nearly two-thirds", "570d4606b3d812140066d61d": "Asia", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62d": "1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) broad gauge", - "570d47b8b3d812140066d62e": "1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1\u20442 in) standard gauge", - "570d47b8b3d812140066d62f": "narrow gauge", + "570d47b8b3d812140066d62e": "1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1\u20442 in) standard", + "570d47b8b3d812140066d62f": "narrow gauge lines", "570d47b8b3d812140066d630": "mountainous areas", "570d47b8b3d812140066d631": "five", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e13": "1788", @@ -3016,97 +3016,97 @@ "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e15": "New Holland", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e16": "Sydney", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e31": "1854", - "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e33": "British troops", + "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e33": "miners protesting against mining taxes (the \"Eureka Stockade", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e32": "Eureka Stockade", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e34": "mining licence fees", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e35": "Colony of Victoria Act 1855", - "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66d": "the leader of the political party or coalition with the most seats", - "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66e": "Daniel Andrews", - "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66f": "the Legislative Assembly.", + "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66d": "leader of the political party or coalition with the most seats", + "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66e": "The Premier is the public face of government and, with cabinet", + "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66f": "representatives elected to either house of parliament", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d670": "Daniel Andrews", - "570d4e6cb3d812140066d671": "elected to either house of parliament", - "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7d": "17%", - "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7e": "17%", + "570d4e6cb3d812140066d671": "representatives elected to either house of parliament", + "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7d": "17% to $8.7 billion", + "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7e": "17% to $8.7 billion", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7f": "32,463", - "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e80": "around 136,000 square kilometres", + "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e80": "136,000 square kilometres (52,500 sq mi) of Victorian land. This comprises more than 60%", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e81": "60%", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bb": "tourism", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bc": "sports tourism", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bd": "Melbourne", - "570d529fb3d812140066d6be": "Phillip Island", - "570d529fb3d812140066d6bf": "Surf", - "57105da9a58dae1900cd699e": "southern and central", - "57105da9a58dae1900cd699f": "about one-eighth", + "570d529fb3d812140066d6be": "regional cities", + "570d529fb3d812140066d6bf": "the popular Port Fairy Folk Festival, Queenscliff Music Festival, Bells Beach Surf", + "57105da9a58dae1900cd699e": "southern and central parts of France", + "57105da9a58dae1900cd699f": "one-eighth", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a0": "1562 to 1598", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a1": "Edict of Nantes", - "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a2": "Edict of Nantes", + "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a2": "Edict of Nantes, which granted the Huguenots substantial religious, political and military autonomy", "57106185b654c5140001f8db": "derision", "57106185b654c5140001f8dd": "Geneva", "57106185b654c5140001f8dc": "Besan\u00e7on Hugues", - "57106185b654c5140001f8de": "Amboise plot", - "57106185b654c5140001f8df": "the Amboise plot of 1560", - "57106644b654c5140001f8e5": "The availability of the Bible", - "57106644b654c5140001f8e6": "Around 1294", + "57106185b654c5140001f8de": "Amboise plot of 1560", + "57106185b654c5140001f8df": "Amboise plot of 1560", + "57106644b654c5140001f8e5": "the Bible", + "57106644b654c5140001f8e6": "1294", "57106644b654c5140001f8e7": "Guyard de Moulin", "57106644b654c5140001f8e8": "1487", "57106644b654c5140001f8e9": "Paris", - "57106d2fb654c5140001f8ef": "villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9", + "57106d2fb654c5140001f8ef": "66", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f0": "Montpellier", - "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f2": "Edict of Al\u00e8s", + "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f2": "Edict of 1598", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f1": "1622", - "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f3": "the royal army in 1622. Peace terms called for the dismantling of the city's fortifications.", - "571077ecb654c5140001f909": "Cape of Good Hope", + "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f3": "the most important of the 66 \"villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9\" that the Edict of 1598 granted to the Huguenots.", + "571077ecb654c5140001f909": "Cape Town", "571077ecb654c5140001f90a": "Cape Town", "571077ecb654c5140001f90b": "Maria de la Queillerie", "571077ecb654c5140001f90c": "Dutch East India Company", "571077ecb654c5140001f90d": "1700", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ca": "1624", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cb": "Jess\u00e9 de Forest", - "57107932a58dae1900cd69cc": "L'\u00c9glise fran\u00e7aise \u00e0 la Nouvelle-Amsterdam", - "57107932a58dae1900cd69cd": "L'Eglise du Saint-Esprit", + "57107932a58dae1900cd69cc": "L'\u00c9glise fran\u00e7aise \u00e0 la Nouvelle-Amsterdam (the French church in New Amsterdam", + "57107932a58dae1900cd69cd": "L'\u00c9glise fran\u00e7aise \u00e0 la Nouvelle-Amsterdam (the French church in New Amsterdam", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ce": "Brooklyn", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69df": "Charleston", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e1": "Edmund Bellinger", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e2": "Pons", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e0": "1697", - "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69de": "Charleston", - "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e8": "William", + "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69de": "Charleston, South Carolina", + "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e8": "William III of Orange", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e9": "King of England", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ea": "League of Augsburg", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69eb": "Dutch Republic", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ec": "1672", "57107d73b654c5140001f91d": "Edict of Fontainebleau", "57107d73b654c5140001f91e": "1685", - "57107d73b654c5140001f91f": "the 1620s caused the political and military privileges of the Huguenots", + "57107d73b654c5140001f91f": "Protestantism", "57107d73b654c5140001f920": "500,000", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f2": "The Catholic Church", - "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f3": "St. Bartholomew's Day massacre", + "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f3": "the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f4": "5,000 to 30,000", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f5": "their own militia", - "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f6": "St. Bartholomew's Day massacre", + "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f6": "political", "57108073b654c5140001f927": "1621 and 1629", "57108073b654c5140001f926": "southwestern France", - "57108073b654c5140001f928": "Henry IV, a Huguenot before converting to Catholicism, who had protected Protestants through the Edict of Nantes. His successor Louis XIII", + "57108073b654c5140001f928": "Henry IV", "57108073b654c5140001f929": "Louis XIII", - "57108073b654c5140001f925": "Huguenot rebellions", - "57108198b654c5140001f937": "Approximately one million", + "57108073b654c5140001f925": "three small civil wars known as the Huguenot rebellions", + "57108198b654c5140001f937": "one million", "57108198b654c5140001f938": "2%", "57108198b654c5140001f939": "Alsace", "57108198b654c5140001f93a": "C\u00e9vennes", - "57108198b654c5140001f93b": "France", + "57108198b654c5140001f93b": "Alsace", "57108c95b654c5140001f979": "New Rochelle", "57108c95b654c5140001f97a": "New Paltz", "57108c95b654c5140001f97b": "New Paltz", - "57108c95b654c5140001f97c": "the oldest street", - "57108c95b654c5140001f97d": "New Paltz", - "57108d69b654c5140001f983": "the Dutch Republic", - "57108d69b654c5140001f984": "75,000", + "57108c95b654c5140001f97c": "Huguenot Street", + "57108c95b654c5140001f97d": "Staten Island", + "57108d69b654c5140001f983": "Dutch Republic", + "57108d69b654c5140001f984": "75,000 to 100,000", "57108d69b654c5140001f985": "2 million", - "57108d69b654c5140001f986": "Amsterdam", - "57108d69b654c5140001f987": "the Edict of Nantes", - "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1a": "Tours", + "57108d69b654c5140001f986": "Amsterdam and the area of West Frisia", + "57108d69b654c5140001f987": "Edict of Nantes", + "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1a": "Huguon", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1b": "Huguon", - "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1c": "le roi Huguet", + "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1c": "Huguet", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1d": "pr\u00e9tendus r\u00e9form\u00e9s", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1e": "night", "571090abb654c5140001f995": "Canterbury", @@ -3119,124 +3119,124 @@ "57109180a58dae1900cd6a42": "Dublin", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a43": "a High Sheriff", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a44": "1696", - "57109275b654c5140001f99f": "a brain drain", + "57109275b654c5140001f99f": "brain drain", "57109275b654c5140001f9a0": "New France", "57109275b654c5140001f9a1": "non-Catholics", "57109275b654c5140001f9a2": "Seven Years' War", "57109275b654c5140001f9a3": "1759-60", - "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5c": "Protestantism", + "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5c": "Henry of Navarre", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5d": "1598", - "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5e": "a degree of religious and political freedom within their domains.", - "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5f": "founding of new Protestant churches", + "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5e": "equality with Catholics under the throne and a degree of religious and political freedom", + "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5f": "the founding of new Protestant churches", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a60": "Protestantism", - "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a66": "education of children as Catholics", - "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a67": "emigration", + "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a66": "Catholics", + "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a67": "forbade Protestant services, required education of children as Catholics, and prohibited emigration", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a68": "Four thousand", - "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a69": "new converts", - "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a6a": "New York and Virginia", + "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a69": "\"new converts", + "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a6a": "Four thousand", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a76": "Switzerland and the Netherlands", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a77": "1555", - "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a78": "France Antarctique", + "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a78": "Fort Coligny", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a79": "1560", - "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a7a": "declaration of faith to express their beliefs to the Portuguese. This was their death sentence. This document, the Guanabara Confession of Faith", - "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a86": "Afrikaans", + "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a7a": "the Guanabara Confession of Faith", + "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a86": "Afrikaans-speaking", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a87": "wine industry", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a88": "Western Cape", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a89": "surnames", - "571097baa58dae1900cd6a98": "Jack Jouett", + "571097baa58dae1900cd6a98": "Paul Revere", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a99": "Henry Laurens", - "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9a": "Charleston", + "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9a": "Charleston, South Carolina", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9b": "Manakin Episcopal Church", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9c": "Texas", - "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab2": "lace", + "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab2": "lace industry", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab3": "Bucks Point", - "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab4": "twenty-five widows who settled in Dover, and there is no contemporary documentation", + "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab4": "twenty-five widows who settled in Dover", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab5": "first half of the eighteenth century", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b3": "Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b4": "one-fifth", - "571099b2b654c5140001f9b5": "in protest against", + "571099b2b654c5140001f9b5": "in protest against the occupation of Prussia by Napoleon", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b6": "1806-07", - "571099b2b654c5140001f9b7": "Berlin, Stockholm, Hamburg, Frankfurt, Helsinki, and Emden", + "571099b2b654c5140001f9b7": "Fredericia (Denmark), Berlin, Stockholm, Hamburg, Frankfurt, Helsinki, and Emden", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b26": "Prussia", - "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b27": "C\u00e9vennes region", - "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b28": "the Camisards", - "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b29": "the Catholic Church", + "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b27": "C\u00e9vennes", + "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b28": "Camisards", + "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b29": "Catholic Church", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b2a": "1702 and 1709", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b30": "Jacksonville", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b31": "Jean Ribault", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b32": "Fort Caroline", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b33": "Pedro Menendez", - "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b34": "the St. Johns River in what is today Jacksonville, Florida.", + "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b34": "Menendez proceeded to massacre the defenseless Huguenots, after which he wiped out the Fort Caroline garrison", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa17": "Charlesfort", - "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa18": "Jacksonville, Florida", + "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa18": "St. Augustine", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa19": "Pedro Men\u00e9ndez de Avil\u00e9s", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1a": "1562", - "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1b": "The Wars of Religion", + "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1b": "Wars of Religion", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3a": "Lower Norfolk County", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3b": "Lower Norfolk County", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3c": "Manakin Town", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3d": "390", - "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3e": "12 May 1705", + "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3e": "1705", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2b": "1568", - "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2c": "Spain", - "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2d": "Apologie", + "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2c": "Huguenots", + "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2d": "\"Apologie", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2e": "William the Silent", - "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2f": "Calvinist", - "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b60": "the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act", + "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2f": "House of Orange-Nassau", + "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b60": "Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b61": "1708", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b62": "50,000", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b63": "Andrew Lortie", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b64": "transubstantiation", - "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b72": "Williamite", + "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b72": "William of Orange", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b73": "William of Orange", - "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b74": "Dublin", - "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b75": "flax", - "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b76": "linen industry", - "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa45": "Count Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbr\u00fccken", + "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b74": "Dublin, Cork, Portarlington", + "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b75": "flax cultivation", + "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b76": "flax cultivation and the growth of the Irish linen industry", + "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa45": "Prince Louis de Cond\u00e9", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa46": "Count Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbr\u00fccken", - "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa47": "glass-making works", + "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa47": "glass-making", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa48": "1890s", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa49": "1604", - "5711119cb654c5140001fae3": "the Electorate of Brandenburg and Electorate of the Palatinate", + "5711119cb654c5140001fae3": "Electorate of Brandenburg", "5711119cb654c5140001fae4": "Protestant", "5711119cb654c5140001fae6": "Quebec", - "5711119cb654c5140001fae5": "the Dutch Cape Colony", - "5711119cb654c5140001fae7": "the Holy Roman Empire, the Duchy of Prussia, the Channel Islands, and Ireland.", + "5711119cb654c5140001fae5": "Cape Colony", + "5711119cb654c5140001fae7": "several of the English colonies of North America", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcc": "Hugues Capet", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcd": "Hugues hypothesis", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bce": "Janet Gray", - "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcf": "Hugues hypothesis", + "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcf": "little Hugos", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bd0": "Hugues hypothesis", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd6": "Jacques Lefevre", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd7": "University of Paris", - "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd8": "23", + "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd8": "1530", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd9": "William Farel", - "57111380a58dae1900cd6bda": "Jacques Lefevre", + "57111380a58dae1900cd6bda": "Jean Cauvin (John Calvin", "57111428b654c5140001faff": "24 August \u2013 3 October 1572", "57111428b654c5140001fb00": "Catholics", - "57111428b654c5140001fb01": "Nearly 3,000", + "57111428b654c5140001fb01": "3,000", "57111428b654c5140001fb02": "1573", - "57111429b654c5140001fb03": "almost 25,000", + "57111429b654c5140001fb03": "25,000", "571114cfb654c5140001fb09": "Louis XIV", - "571114cfb654c5140001fb0a": "acted increasingly aggressively to force the Huguenots to convert", - "571114cfb654c5140001fb0b": "he sent missionaries", - "571114cfb654c5140001fb0c": "closed Huguenot schools", + "571114cfb654c5140001fb0a": "Louis XIV", + "571114cfb654c5140001fb0b": "missionaries", + "571114cfb654c5140001fb0c": "closed Huguenot schools and excluded them from favored professions", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0d": "dragonnades", "5711163bb654c5140001fb13": "Westchester", - "5711163bb654c5140001fb14": "New Rochelle", + "5711163bb654c5140001fb14": "Davenports Neck called \"Bauffet's Point", "5711163bb654c5140001fb15": "John Pell, Lord of Pelham Manor", "5711163bb654c5140001fb16": "La Rochelle", "5711163bb654c5140001fb17": "Trinity-St. Paul's Episcopal Church", - "57111713a58dae1900cd6c00": "the nineteenth century.", - "57111713a58dae1900cd6c01": "adapted quickly", + "57111713a58dae1900cd6c00": "The Huguenots adapted quickly and often married outside their immediate French communities, which led to their assimilation.", + "57111713a58dae1900cd6c01": "The Huguenots adapted quickly", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c02": "E.I. du Pont", - "57111713a58dae1900cd6c03": "well into the nineteenth century", - "57111713a58dae1900cd6c04": "Eleutherian gunpowder mills", + "57111713a58dae1900cd6c03": "nineteenth century", + "57111713a58dae1900cd6c04": "Eleutherian", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0a": "Pierre Bayle", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0b": "Rotterdam", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0c": "Historical and Critical Dictionary", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0d": "US Library of Congress", - "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0e": "Saint Nicolas", + "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0e": "Nicolas", "57111992b654c5140001fb43": "French Protestant Church of London", "57111992b654c5140001fb44": "1550", "57111992b654c5140001fb45": "Soho Square", @@ -3246,7 +3246,7 @@ "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3d": "Lutheran and Reformed states in Germany and Scandinavia", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3e": "Edict of Potsdam", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3f": "Duke of Prussia", - "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c40": "two new regiments of his army: the Altpreu\u00dfische Infantry Regiments No.", + "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c40": "two new regiments", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c50": "Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c51": "Theodor Fontane", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c52": "Adolf Galland", @@ -3256,7 +3256,7 @@ "57112686b654c5140001fbd4": "Rankine cycle", "57112686b654c5140001fbd5": "steam", "57112686b654c5140001fbd6": "high pressure", - "57112686b654c5140001fbd7": "external combustion engines", + "57112686b654c5140001fbd7": "external combustion", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb2": "atmospheric engine", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb3": "Thomas Newcomen", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb4": "1712", @@ -3267,29 +3267,29 @@ "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc6": "Abercynon", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc7": "Pen-y-darren ironworks, near Merthyr Tydfil", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc8": "south Wales", - "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0e": "a water pump", - "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0f": "multi-stage centrifugal pumps", - "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d10": "the 1850s", + "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0e": "water pump", + "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0f": "multi-stage centrifugal", + "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d10": "1850s", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d11": "steam locomotives", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d12": "lower-pressure boiler feed water", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d18": "three or four", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d19": "triple and quadruple expansion engines", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1a": "late 19th century", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1b": "marine triple expansion engines", - "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1c": "the Olympic class", + "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1c": "Olympic class", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d22": "Corliss, and later, poppet valve gears", - "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d23": "Stephenson, Joy", - "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d24": "lap", + "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d23": "Joy", + "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d24": "The usual compromise solution has been to provide lap by lengthening rubbing surfaces of the valve in such a way as to overlap the port on the admission side", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc1f": "Lead fusible plugs", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc20": "the lead melts", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc21": "steam escapes", - "57113ba6b654c5140001fc22": "manually suppress", + "57113ba6b654c5140001fc22": "manually suppress the fire", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc23": "dampening the fire", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d28": "James Watt", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d29": "rotary motion", - "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2a": "ten-horsepower", + "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2a": "ten", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2b": "1883", - "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2c": "the Industrial Revolution", + "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2c": "Industrial Revolution", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d32": "first century AD", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d33": "Hero of Alexandria", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d34": "Greek mathematician", @@ -3302,12 +3302,12 @@ "57113f83b654c5140001fc2c": "coal", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5a": "steam turbines", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5b": "late part of the 19th century", - "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5c": "several hundred horsepower", + "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5c": "several hundred", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5d": "90%", - "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5e": "electric", + "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5e": "electric power", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6e": "burning combustible materials", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6f": "combustion chamber", - "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d70": "solar energy", + "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d70": "solar energy or waste heat from an internal combustion engine or industrial process", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d71": "electric", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d80": "the steam engine indicator", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d81": "1851", @@ -3318,31 +3318,31 @@ "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8b": "180\u00b0", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8c": "90\u00b0", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3d": "counterflow", - "5711488ab654c5140001fc3e": "two piston strokes", - "5711488ab654c5140001fc3f": "one rotation", + "5711488ab654c5140001fc3e": "two", + "5711488ab654c5140001fc3f": "one rotation of the crank and two piston strokes", "5711488ab654c5140001fc40": "four", - "5711488ab654c5140001fc41": "four events \u2013 admission, expansion, exhaust, compression", + "5711488ab654c5140001fc41": "four", "57114aceb654c5140001fc47": "Quasiturbine", "57114aceb654c5140001fc48": "counterflow cycle", - "57114aceb654c5140001fc49": "an additional port", - "57114b1a2419e31400955575": "oscillating cylinder steam engine is a variant of the simple expansion steam engine", + "57114aceb654c5140001fc49": "an additional port uncovered by the piston at the end of each stroke making the steam flow only in one direction", + "57114b1a2419e31400955575": "simple expansion", "57114b1a2419e31400955576": "trunnion", - "57114b1a2419e31400955577": "ships", + "57114b1a2419e31400955577": "models", "57114b1a2419e31400955578": "ships", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a53": "recycled continuously", - "57114dfb50c2381900b54a54": "open loop", + "57114dfb50c2381900b54a54": "directly released to the atmosphere", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a55": "Mercury", - "57114dfb50c2381900b54a56": "water", + "57114dfb50c2381900b54a56": "Mercury is the working fluid in the mercury vapor turbine", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5b": "the working fluid", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5c": "565 \u00b0C", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5d": "stainless steel", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5f": "63%", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5e": "30 \u00b0C", "57114f0050c2381900b54a65": "Steam engines", - "57114f0050c2381900b54a66": "agriculture", + "57114f0050c2381900b54a66": "railway locomotives, ships, steamboats", "57114f0050c2381900b54a67": "the Stanley Steamer", "57114f0050c2381900b54a68": "factories, mills and mines; powering pumping stations", - "57114f0050c2381900b54a69": "an increase in the land available for cultivation", + "57114f0050c2381900b54a69": "land available for cultivation", "571153422419e3140095557d": "Catch Me Who Can", "571153422419e3140095557e": "Matthew Murray", "571153422419e3140095557f": "twin-cylinder", @@ -3351,70 +3351,70 @@ "5711541350c2381900b54a6f": "Arthur Woolf", "5711541350c2381900b54a70": "British engineer", "5711541350c2381900b54a71": "torque variability", - "5711541350c2381900b54a72": "cylinder volume", + "5711541350c2381900b54a72": "a larger cylinder volume", "571154c72419e31400955587": "90%", "571154c72419e31400955588": "reciprocating steam engines", - "571154c72419e31400955589": "gas turbines", - "571154c72419e3140095558a": "steam turbines", - "571154c72419e3140095558b": "reduction gearing", - "571155ae2419e31400955591": "The Rankine cycle", + "571154c72419e31400955589": "reciprocating Diesel engines, and gas turbines", + "571154c72419e3140095558a": "reciprocating steam engines", + "571154c72419e3140095558b": "reduction gearing (although the Turbinia has direct turbines to propellers with no reduction gearbox", + "571155ae2419e31400955591": "Rankine cycle", "571155ae2419e31400955592": "condenser", "571155ae2419e31400955593": "1990s", - "571155ae2419e31400955594": "biomass", + "571155ae2419e31400955594": "virtually all solar, biomass, coal and nuclear power plants", "571155ae2419e31400955595": "Scottish polymath", - "571156152419e3140095559b": "its \"duty", + "571156152419e3140095559b": "\"duty", "571156152419e3140095559f": "17", "571156152419e3140095559e": "7 million", - "571156152419e3140095559d": "94 pounds", - "571156152419e3140095559c": "by Watt", + "571156152419e3140095559d": "94", + "571156152419e3140095559c": "Watt", "57115ac550c2381900b54a77": "steam turbines", "57115ac550c2381900b54a78": "Reciprocating piston", "57115ac550c2381900b54a79": "turbine type steam engines", - "57115ac550c2381900b54a7a": "internal combustion engines", + "57115ac550c2381900b54a7a": "Reciprocating", "57115b2850c2381900b54a7f": "Thomas Savery", - "57115b2850c2381900b54a80": "a water pump", + "57115b2850c2381900b54a80": "water pump", "57115b2850c2381900b54a81": "1698", - "57115b2850c2381900b54a82": "Bento de Moura Portugal", + "57115b2850c2381900b54a82": "Bento de Moura", "57115b2850c2381900b54a83": "John Smeaton", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a89": "Richard Trevithick", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8a": "Oliver Evans", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8b": "1802", - "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8c": "transport", + "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8c": "transport applications", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8d": "high-pressure steam", "57115bf350c2381900b54a93": "Energiprojekt AB", "57115bf350c2381900b54a94": "Sweden", "57115bf350c2381900b54a95": "5", - "57115bf350c2381900b54a96": "approx. 4 kg", + "57115bf350c2381900b54a96": "4 kg", "57115bf350c2381900b54a97": "27-30%", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9d": "surface condensers", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9e": "automobile radiator", - "57115c7450c2381900b54a9f": "water is costly", - "57115c7450c2381900b54aa0": "wet) cooling towers", + "57115c7450c2381900b54a9f": "automobile radiator and is used in locations where water is costly", + "57115c7450c2381900b54aa0": "wet) cooling towers use the rejected heat", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa1": "3600", - "57115dbe2419e314009555a5": "The centrifugal governor", + "57115dbe2419e314009555a5": "centrifugal governor", "57115dbe2419e314009555a6": "Boulton", - "57115dbe2419e314009555a7": "a flour mill", + "57115dbe2419e314009555a7": "flour mill", "57115dbe2419e314009555a8": "cotton spinning", "57115dbe2419e314009555a9": "a set speed", "57115e532419e314009555af": "1880", "57115e532419e314009555b0": "railway locomotives", "57115e532419e314009555b1": "complicated", "57115e532419e314009555b2": "1930", - "57115e532419e314009555b3": "for road engines", - "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa7": "shortening the cutoff", - "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa8": "kick back", - "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa9": "evacuate", + "57115e532419e314009555b3": "road engines and almost universal for marine engines after 1880; it was not universally popular in railway locomotives", + "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa7": "speed and momentum are gained by gradually \"shortening the cutoff", + "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa8": "(\"kick back", + "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa9": "evacuate the cylinder", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aaa": "fixed length", - "57115f652419e314009555b9": "Jer\u00f3nimo de Ayanz y Beaumont", + "57115f652419e314009555b9": "Jer\u00f3nimo de Ayanz y Beaumont obtained the first patent for a steam engine in 1606", "57115f652419e314009555ba": "Spanish", "57115f652419e314009555bb": "1606", "57115f652419e314009555bc": "1698", "57115f652419e314009555bd": "1712", - "57115ff82419e314009555c3": "steam turbine consists of one or more rotors (rotating discs", + "57115ff82419e314009555c3": "one or more rotors (rotating discs", "57115ff82419e314009555c4": "a drive shaft", "57115ff82419e314009555c5": "static discs", "57115ff82419e314009555c6": "the turbine casing", - "57115ff82419e314009555c7": "3600 revolutions per minute", + "57115ff82419e314009555c7": "3600 revolutions per minute (RPM", "5711607f2419e314009555cd": "lower", "5711607f2419e314009555ce": "electric motors", "5711607f2419e314009555cf": "steam turbine", @@ -3424,351 +3424,351 @@ "571161092419e314009555d8": "cylinders and valve gear", "571161092419e314009555d9": "thermal expansion", "5711619950c2381900b54aaf": "1763\u20131775", - "5711619950c2381900b54ab0": "a separate condenser", + "5711619950c2381900b54ab0": "condenser", "5711619950c2381900b54ab1": "half", - "5711619950c2381900b54ab2": "Newcomen's engine", - "5711619950c2381900b54ab3": "the partial vacuum", - "5711623e50c2381900b54ab9": "two independent mechanisms", - "5711623e50c2381900b54aba": "plug valve", - "5711623e50c2381900b54abb": "spring-loaded valve", + "5711619950c2381900b54ab2": "Newcomen's and Watt's early engines were \"atmospheric\".", + "5711619950c2381900b54ab3": "condensing steam", + "5711623e50c2381900b54ab9": "two", + "5711623e50c2381900b54aba": "a plug valve", + "5711623e50c2381900b54abb": "adjustable spring-loaded", "5711623e50c2381900b54abc": "a seal illegally", "5711623e50c2381900b54abd": "more power", - "5711628a2419e314009555dd": "the Corliss steam engine", + "5711628a2419e314009555dd": "Corliss steam engine", "5711628a2419e314009555de": "1849", "5711628a2419e314009555e1": "30%", "5711628a2419e314009555df": "four", "5711628a2419e314009555e0": "Rumford medal", "571163172419e314009555e7": "thermodynamic theory", "571163172419e314009555e8": "Watt", - "571163172419e314009555e9": "the separate condenser", + "571163172419e314009555e9": "condenser", "571163172419e314009555ea": "Joseph Black", "571163172419e314009555eb": "latent heat", - "5711648850c2381900b54ac3": "that", + "5711648850c2381900b54ac3": "that during the compression stage", "5711648850c2381900b54ac4": "liquid phase", "5711648850c2381900b54ac5": "1% to 3%", "5711648850c2381900b54ac6": "1500 \u00b0C", "5711651050c2381900b54acb": "water", - "5711651050c2381900b54acc": "recover the latent heat", + "5711651050c2381900b54acc": "recover the latent heat of vaporisation", "5711651050c2381900b54acd": "superheaters", "5711651050c2381900b54ace": "bunker", "5711651050c2381900b54acf": "chain or screw stoking mechanism", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad5": "feed water", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad6": "British", - "5711658e50c2381900b54ad7": "warships", + "5711658e50c2381900b54ad7": "warships, such as the dreadnought battleships, and ocean liners", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad8": "ocean liners", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad9": "1905", "571166352419e314009555f1": "water", - "571166352419e314009555f2": "electricity", + "571166352419e314009555f2": "a turbine connected to an electrical generator", "571166352419e314009555f3": "electrical generator", "571166352419e314009555f4": "turbo-electric transmission", - "571166352419e314009555f5": "Sweden", - "5711669550c2381900b54adf": "a practical Carnot cycle", - "5711669550c2381900b54ae0": "the condenser", + "571166352419e314009555f5": "Britain", + "5711669550c2381900b54adf": "practical Carnot cycle", + "5711669550c2381900b54ae0": "condenser", "5711669550c2381900b54ae1": "constant pressure) processes", - "5711669550c2381900b54ae2": "constant temperature) processes", + "5711669550c2381900b54ae2": "isothermal", "5711669550c2381900b54ae3": "a liquid", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbd": "8", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbe": "hydrogen and helium", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc0": "two", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc1": "almost half", - "571a484210f8ca1400304fbf": "dioxygen", + "571a484210f8ca1400304fbf": "Diatomic oxygen", "571bb2269499d21900609ca9": "20.8%", - "571bb2269499d21900609caa": "Oxygen", + "571bb2269499d21900609caa": "silicon dioxide", "571bb2269499d21900609cab": "8", - "571bb2269499d21900609cad": "the universe, after hydrogen and helium. At standard temperature and pressure, two atoms of the element bind to form dioxygen", + "571bb2269499d21900609cad": "downward trend", "571bb2269499d21900609cac": "hydrogen and helium", "571c3a685efbb31900334db2": "8", - "571c3a685efbb31900334db3": "chalcogen group", - "571c3a685efbb31900334db4": "oxides", - "571c3a685efbb31900334db5": "third-most abundant", - "571c3a685efbb31900334db6": "dioxygen", + "571c3a685efbb31900334db3": "chalcogen", + "571c3a685efbb31900334db4": "oxides) with most elements", + "571c3a685efbb31900334db5": "third-most abundant element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium", + "571c3a685efbb31900334db6": "dioxygen, a colorless and odorless diatomic gas", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94a": "photosynthesis", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94b": "sunlight", - "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94c": "ozone", + "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94c": "the high-altitude ozone layer", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09c": "oxygen", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09d": "water", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09e": "photosynthesis", - "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09f": "sunlight", - "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c0a0": "ozone", + "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09f": "water", + "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c0a0": "ozone (O\n3", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd5": "Robert Boyle", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd6": "John Mayow", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd7": "nitroaereus", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd8": "1679", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a6": "Robert Boyle", - "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a7": "spiritus nitroaereus", + "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a7": "spiritus nitroaereus or just nitroaereus", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a8": "late 17th century", - "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a9": "a closed container over water", + "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a9": "fire", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0aa": "John Mayow", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a958": "Joseph Priestley", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a959": "clergyman", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95b": "HgO", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95a": "mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b0": "mercuric oxide", - "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b1": "dephlogisticated air", + "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b1": "\"dephlogisticated air", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b2": "1775", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b3": "Because he published his findings first, Priestley is usually given priority", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b4": "more active and lived longer", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdd": "Leonardo da Vinci", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fde": "Philo of Byzantium", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdf": "2nd century BCE", - "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fe0": "the neck. Philo incorrectly", - "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0ba": "writer on mechanics", + "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fe0": "parts of the air in the vessel were converted into the classical element fire", + "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0ba": "Philo of Byzantium. In his work Pneumatica", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bb": "fire", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bc": "Pneumatica", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bd": "Leonardo da Vinci", - "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0be": "air", - "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a960": "an ignition event, such as heat or a spark", - "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a961": "Oxygen is the oxidant, not the fuel", - "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a962": "compounds of oxygen", + "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0be": "fire", + "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a960": "ignition event, such as heat or a spark", + "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a961": "the oxidant, not the fuel, but nevertheless the source of most of the chemical energy", + "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a962": "compounds of oxygen with a high oxidative potential", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a963": "Oxygen", - "571cebc05efbb31900334e49": "an ignition event, such as heat or a spark", - "571cebc05efbb31900334e4a": "most of the chemical energy", + "571cebc05efbb31900334e49": "ignition event", + "571cebc05efbb31900334e4a": "oxidant", "571cebc05efbb31900334e48": "rapid combustion", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4b": "most of the chemical energy", - "571cebc05efbb31900334e4c": "peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates because they can donate oxygen", - "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a968": "O\n2", - "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a969": "a fuel; and therefore the design and manufacture of O\n2 systems requires special training to ensure that ignition sources are minimized.", - "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96a": "slightly more than atmospheric pressure", - "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96b": "special training", - "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a0": "combustion", - "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a1": "the design and manufacture of O\n2 systems requires special training to ensure that ignition sources are minimized.", - "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a2": "Steel pipes and storage vessels", - "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a4": "the Apollo 1 crew", - "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe6": "Oxygen", + "571cebc05efbb31900334e4c": "peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates", + "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a968": "pure O\n2", + "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a969": "combustion to proceed rapidly and energetically. Steel pipes and storage vessels used to store and transmit both gaseous and liquid oxygen", + "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96a": "1\u20443", + "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96b": "ignition sources", + "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a0": "combustion to proceed rapidly and energetically", + "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a1": "ignition sources are minimized", + "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a2": "Steel pipes and storage vessels used to store and transmit both gaseous and liquid oxygen will act as a fuel", + "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a4": "Apollo 1 crew", + "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe6": "oxygen compounds, in particular various complex silicates", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe7": "carbon dioxide", - "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe5": "mantle", + "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe5": "The Earth's mantle", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3e": "carbon dioxide", - "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3f": "The Earth's crustal rock", + "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3f": "crustal rock", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e40": "The Earth's mantle", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e41": "The Earth's mantle", - "571ce7f25efbb31900334e42": "oxygen compounds", + "571ce7f25efbb31900334e42": "various complex silicates", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c4": "monatomic", - "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c5": "the simplest", + "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c5": "simplest", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c6": "HO", - "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c7": "oxygen", + "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c7": "8 times that of hydrogen", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c8": "Avogadro's law", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0ce": "phlogiston", - "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0cf": "wood or coal", - "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d0": "Air", + "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0cf": "Highly combustible materials that leave little residue, such as wood or coal", + "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d0": "little residue, such as wood or coal, were thought to be made mostly of phlogiston; whereas non-combustible substances that corrode", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d1": "metals", - "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d2": "become lighter", - "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d8": "reasonably and simply", + "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d2": "lighter", + "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d8": "covalent double bond", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d9": "two", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0da": "Aufbau", - "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0db": "covalent double bond", - "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0dc": "the filling of molecular orbitals", + "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0db": "chemically bonded to each other", + "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0dc": "molecular orbitals formed from the atomic orbitals of the individual oxygen atoms, the filling of which results in a bond order of two", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e2": "1773", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e3": "1774", - "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e4": "Joseph Priestley in Wiltshire, in 1774, but Priestley is often given priority because his work was published first", + "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e4": "Joseph Priestley in Wiltshire, in 1774", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e5": "Antoine Lavoisier", - "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e6": "phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion", + "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e6": "phlogiston theory", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ec": "spin triplet state", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ed": "triplet oxygen", - "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ee": "its unpaired electrons", + "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ee": "most organic molecules, which have paired electron spins; this prevents spontaneous combustion", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ef": "spontaneous combustion", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0f0": "\u03c0*", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f6": "part of the trapped air", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f7": "weight", - "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f8": "weight", + "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f8": "part of the trapped air had been consumed. He also noted that the tin had increased in weight", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f9": "1777", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0fa": "azote", - "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c100": "ozone", - "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c101": "Trioxygen (O\n3) is usually known as ozone and is a very reactive allotrope of oxygen", + "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c100": "Trioxygen", + "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c101": "Trioxygen", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c102": "lung tissue", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c103": "protective radiation shield", - "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c104": "UV", + "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c104": "UV region of the spectrum", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10a": "dioxygen", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10b": "dioxygen", - "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10c": "major", + "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10c": "major part of the Earth's atmosphere", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10d": "dioxygen", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10e": "cellular respiration", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c114": "James Dewar", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c115": "1891", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c116": "1895", - "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c118": "oxyacetylene welding", + "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c118": "oxyacetylene", "571c96095efbb31900334dbc": "Oxygen", "571c96095efbb31900334dbd": "temperature", - "571c96095efbb31900334dbe": "6.04 milliliters (mL) of oxygen per liter", - "571c96095efbb31900334dbf": "freshwater", - "571c96095efbb31900334dc0": "about twice", - "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11e": "the most abundant", - "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11f": "the third most abundant", + "571c96095efbb31900334dbe": "6.04 milliliters", + "571c96095efbb31900334dbf": "sea water", + "571c96095efbb31900334dc0": "twice as much (14.6", + "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11e": "49.2%", + "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11f": "the third most abundant chemical element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c120": "0.9%", - "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c121": "world's oceans", + "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c121": "88.8%", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c122": "ultraviolet radiation", - "571caac55efbb31900334dc6": "late 19th century", + "571caac55efbb31900334dc6": "19th", "571caac55efbb31900334dc7": "compressing and cooling", "571caac55efbb31900334dc8": "Raoul Pierre Pictet", "571caac55efbb31900334dc9": "Only a few drops", "571caac55efbb31900334dca": "March 29, 1883", - "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd0": "the Sun", + "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd0": "Sun", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd1": "oxygen-16", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd2": "Genesis", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd3": "an unknown process", - "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd4": "Earth", + "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd4": "an unknown process depleted oxygen-16 from the Sun's disk of protoplanetary material prior to the coalescence of dust grains that formed the Earth", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c128": "Singlet oxygen", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c129": "common organic molecules", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12a": "photosynthesis", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12b": "photolysis of ozone", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12c": "Carotenoids", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c132": "Paleoclimatologists", - "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c133": "oxygen isotope ratio cycle", + "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c133": "oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms to determine what the climate", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c134": "12%", - "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c135": "oxygen-18", + "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c135": "more oxygen-18", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c136": "lower global temperatures", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13c": "687 and 760 nm", - "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13d": "the carbon cycle", - "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13e": "687 and 760 nm", + "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13d": "plant health status", + "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13e": "satellite platform", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13f": "687 and 760 nm", - "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c140": "spectrophotometric", + "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c140": "vegetation canopies", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c146": "paramagnetic", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c147": "liquid oxygen", - "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c148": "electrons", - "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c149": "a magnetic field", + "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c148": "unpaired electrons", + "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c149": "magnetic field", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c14a": "a magnet", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dda": "dangerous by-products", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddb": "destroy invading microbes", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddc": "pathogen attack", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddd": "obligately anaerobic organisms", - "571cc5c45efbb31900334dde": "about 2.5 billion years ago", + "571cc5c45efbb31900334dde": "2.5 billion years ago", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de4": "90.20 K", - "571cc6f85efbb31900334de5": "are clear substances", - "571cc6f85efbb31900334de6": "liquefied air", + "571cc6f85efbb31900334de5": "light sky-blue", + "571cc6f85efbb31900334de6": "liquid nitrogen", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de7": "liquid nitrogen", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de8": "combustible materials", "571cc8815efbb31900334dee": "water bodies", "571cc8815efbb31900334def": "lower temperatures", - "571cc8815efbb31900334df0": "due to their higher oxygen content", + "571cc8815efbb31900334df0": "higher oxygen content", "571cc8815efbb31900334df2": "algae", "571cc8815efbb31900334df1": "biochemical oxygen demand", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c150": "3.5 billion years ago", - "571cca4add7acb1400e4c151": "Paleoproterozoic eon (between 3.0 and 2.3 billion years ago", + "571cca4add7acb1400e4c151": "Paleoproterozoic", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c152": "banded iron formations", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c153": "1.7 billion years ago", - "571cca4add7acb1400e4c154": "3\u20132.7 billion years ago", - "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15a": "photosynthesis", - "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15b": "the oxygen cycle", - "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15c": "three main reservoirs", + "571cca4add7acb1400e4c154": "3\u20132.7 billion years ago, reaching 10% of its present level around 1.7 billion years ago", + "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15a": "the oxygen cycle", + "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15b": "biogeochemical cycle", + "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15c": "the lithosphere", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15d": "photosynthesis", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15e": "oxygen", - "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df8": "a pair of identical zeolite molecular sieves", - "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df9": "90%", + "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df8": "a stream of clean, dry air", + "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df9": "90% to 93", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfa": "nitrogen", - "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfb": "non-cryogenic", - "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfc": "90% to 93% O\n2.", + "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfb": "cryogenic", + "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfc": "90% to 93%", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c164": "water", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c165": "Oxygen gas", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c166": "DC", - "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c167": "O\n2 evolution", + "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c167": "oxides and oxoacids", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c168": "Chemical", - "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16e": "recreational", - "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16f": "mild euphoric", - "571cd11add7acb1400e4c170": "a \"boost\" in performance", - "571cd11add7acb1400e4c172": "a placebo effect", + "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16e": "recreational use in oxygen bars and in sports", + "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16f": "pharmacological effect is doubtful", + "571cd11add7acb1400e4c170": "performance", + "571cd11add7acb1400e4c172": "placebo effect", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c171": "aerobic exercise", - "571cd3b55efbb31900334e03": "Hyperbaric (high-pressure) medicine", - "571cd3b55efbb31900334e04": "carbon monoxide", + "571cd3b55efbb31900334e03": "Hyperbaric (high-pressure) medicine uses special oxygen chambers", + "571cd3b55efbb31900334e04": "carbon monoxide from the heme group of hemoglobin", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e05": "anaerobic bacteria", - "571cd3b55efbb31900334e06": "bubbles of inert gas, mostly nitrogen and helium, forming in their blood", - "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17b": "oxygen supplementation", - "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17a": "the heart", + "571cd3b55efbb31900334e06": "Decompression sickness", + "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17b": "Oxygen therapy", + "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17a": "heart", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c179": "oxygen supplementation", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c178": "respiration", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17c": "gaseous oxygen", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c182": "electronegativity", - "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c183": "oxides", - "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c184": "FeO (w\u00fcstite", + "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c183": "non-stoichiometric", + "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c184": "FeO", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c185": "chemical bonds", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c186": "further corrosion", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18d": "cabin depressurization", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18e": "exothermic reaction", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18f": "exothermic", - "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c190": "oxygen", + "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c190": "oxygen gas", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c196": "high pressure oxygen tanks, cryogenics and chemical compounds. For reasons of economy, oxygen is often transported in bulk as a liquid", - "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c198": "a liquid", - "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c197": "a liquid", + "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c198": "tankers", + "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c197": "liquid", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c199": "compressed gas", - "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c19a": "hospitals and other institutions", - "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0c": "ents", - "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0d": "organic compounds", + "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c19a": "hospitals", + "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0c": "many important organic solvents", + "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0d": "organic compounds that contain oxygen are (where \"R\" is an organic group): alcohols", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0e": "feeder materials", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0f": "Epoxides are ethers in which the oxygen atom is part of a ring of three atoms", - "571cdcb85efbb31900334e10": "the synthesis of many different substances.", + "571cdcb85efbb31900334e10": "organic compounds that contain oxygen are (where \"R\"", "571cde695efbb31900334e16": "biomolecules", "571cde695efbb31900334e17": "Only a few", "571cde695efbb31900334e18": "carbohydrates", "571cde695efbb31900334e19": "proteins", - "571cde695efbb31900334e1a": "bones", - "571ce3745efbb31900334e20": "Oxygen toxicity", - "571ce3745efbb31900334e21": "permanent pulmonary fibrosis", + "571cde695efbb31900334e1a": "bones as calcium phosphate and hydroxylapatite", + "571ce3745efbb31900334e20": "Acute oxygen toxicity (causing seizures", + "571ce3745efbb31900334e21": "pulmonary fibrosis", "571ce3745efbb31900334e22": "160 kPa (about 1.6 atm", - "571ce3745efbb31900334e23": "seizures", + "571ce3745efbb31900334e23": "Acute oxygen toxicity (causing seizures", "571ce3745efbb31900334e24": "seizures", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2a": "no damage", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2b": "30 kPa", - "571ce5055efbb31900334e2c": "1.4 times", + "571ce5055efbb31900334e2c": "30 kPa", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2e": "no damage", - "571ce5055efbb31900334e2d": "only marginally", + "571ce5055efbb31900334e2d": "normal sea-level O\n2 partial pressure", "571ce6655efbb31900334e34": "elevated partial pressures", "571ce6655efbb31900334e35": "50 kilopascals (kPa", "571ce6655efbb31900334e36": "50% oxygen composition", "571ce6655efbb31900334e37": "mechanical ventilators", - "571ce6655efbb31900334e38": "30%", + "571ce6655efbb31900334e38": "30%\u201350% O\n2 by volume", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952d": "October 1973", - "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952e": "US$3 per barrel", - "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952f": "1979 oil crisis, termed the \"second oil shock", + "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952e": "nearly $12", + "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952f": "1979", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89530": "shock", - "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89531": "members of the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries", - "5725b5a689a1e219009abd28": "to avoid being targeted by the boycott.", - "5725b5a689a1e219009abd29": "multilateral negotiations", + "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89531": "Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC", + "5725b5a689a1e219009abd28": "the boycott", + "5725b5a689a1e219009abd29": "multilateral", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2a": "January 18, 1974", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2b": "March 1974", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4a": "August 15, 1971", - "5725b76389a1e219009abd4b": "value", - "5725b76389a1e219009abd4c": "a fixed amount of gold.", + "5725b76389a1e219009abd4b": "dollar", + "5725b76389a1e219009abd4c": "the dollar and other industrialized nations' currencies", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4d": "1971", - "5725b76389a1e219009abd4e": "a fixed amount of gold", - "5725b92e38643c19005acbd3": "less than two percent per year", + "5725b76389a1e219009abd4e": "OPEC issued a joint communiqu\u00e9 stating that, from then on, they would price oil in terms of a fixed amount of gold", + "5725b92e38643c19005acbd3": "less than two percent", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd4": "1971", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd5": "1973\u20131974", - "5725b92e38643c19005acbd6": "1967", + "5725b92e38643c19005acbd6": "fairly stable", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bd": "October 6, 1973", "5725bad5271a42140099d0be": "Iran", - "5725bad5271a42140099d0bf": "ten", + "5725bad5271a42140099d0bf": "ten times more", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c0": "Iran", - "5725bad5271a42140099d0c1": "a hundred times the price you've paid us... It's only fair that, from now on, you should pay more for oil.", - "5725bcb6271a42140099d0eb": "In response", + "5725bad5271a42140099d0c1": "ten times more.\"", + "5725bcb6271a42140099d0eb": "70", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ec": "October 16, 1973", - "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ed": "In response to American aid to Israel, on October 16, 1973", + "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ed": "economic and political objectives", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ee": "$2.2 billion", - "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ef": "1973", - "57261dab38643c19005ad037": "over 100 billion dollars", + "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ef": "Libya", + "57261dab38643c19005ad037": "100 billion dollars", "57261dab38643c19005ad038": "Al-Qaeda and the Taliban", "57261dab38643c19005ad039": "Middle East", - "57261dab38643c19005ad03a": "Some", + "57261dab38643c19005ad03a": "Some of the income was dispensed in the form of aid to other underdeveloped nations", "57261dab38643c19005ad03b": "Wahhabism", - "57261f9f271a42140099d4a9": "distribution and price disruptions", - "57261f9f271a42140099d4aa": "the USSR", + "57261f9f271a42140099d4a9": "price disruptions", + "57261f9f271a42140099d4aa": "USSR", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ab": "1973", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ac": "Kissinger's dominance", "5726241189a1e219009ac2de": "The embargo", "5726241189a1e219009ac2df": "automobiles", - "5726241189a1e219009ac2e0": "Macroeconomic problems consisted of both inflationary and deflationary impacts", + "5726241189a1e219009ac2e0": "Macroeconomic", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e1": "Arctic", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e2": "five to ten years", "5726487b5951b619008f6edd": "the Netherlands", "5726487b5951b619008f6ede": "America", "5726487b5951b619008f6edf": "The UK", - "5726487b5951b619008f6ee0": "Israel, and Harold Wilson's government supported the Israelis", + "5726487b5951b619008f6ee0": "Israelis", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee1": "Ted Heath", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db36": "the UK", - "572649d8f1498d1400e8db37": "a series of strikes", + "572649d8f1498d1400e8db37": "a series of strikes by coal miners and railroad workers over the winter of 1973\u201374", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db38": "1973\u201374", - "572649d8f1498d1400e8db39": "Norway", + "572649d8f1498d1400e8db39": "The UK, Germany, Italy, Switzerland and Norway", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db3a": "Sweden", "57264cac708984140094c1b3": "Price controls", - "57264cac708984140094c1b4": "to encourage investment", - "57264cac708984140094c1b5": "Price controls", + "57264cac708984140094c1b4": "encourage investment", + "57264cac708984140094c1b5": "Predictably, old oil was withdrawn from the market, creating greater scarcity", "57264cac708984140094c1b7": "rationing", "57264d9edd62a815002e80fe": "William E. Simon", "57264d9edd62a815002e80ff": "1973", @@ -3785,48 +3785,48 @@ "57265200708984140094c237": "U.S", "57265200708984140094c238": "British Prime Minister Edward Heath", "57265200708984140094c239": "10 years", - "57265200708984140094c23a": "Arabs and much of the rest of the Third World", + "57265200708984140094c23a": "Third World", "57265360dd62a815002e819a": "Japan", "57265360dd62a815002e819b": "71%", "57265360dd62a815002e819c": "November 7, 1973", "57265360dd62a815002e819d": "November 22", "57265360dd62a815002e819e": "December 25", - "57265526708984140094c2bd": "The USSR's invasion of Afghanistan", + "57265526708984140094c2bd": "Afghanistan", "57265526708984140094c2be": "Saudi Arabia and Iran", - "57265526708984140094c2bf": "Saudi Arabia", + "57265526708984140094c2bf": "Saudi arms purchases from the US exceeded five times Israel's", "57265526708984140094c2c0": "January 1979", "57265526708984140094c2c1": "November 1979", "5726581fdd62a815002e823a": "large cars", "5726581fdd62a815002e823b": "Japanese imports", - "5726581fdd62a815002e823c": "V8 and six cylinder", - "5726581fdd62a815002e823d": "Japanese", - "572659535951b619008f703f": "A decade after the 1973 oil crisis", - "572659535951b619008f7040": "Corona Mark II", + "5726581fdd62a815002e823c": "V8", + "5726581fdd62a815002e823d": "Japanese imports became mass-market leaders with unibody construction and front-wheel drive, which became de facto standards", + "572659535951b619008f703f": "A decade after the 1973", + "572659535951b619008f7040": "the Toyota Corona Mark II", "572659535951b619008f7041": "larger cars", "572659535951b619008f7042": "Acura, Lexus and Infiniti", "57265a58dd62a815002e8270": "Hilux", "57265a58dd62a815002e8271": "Dodge D-50", "57265a58dd62a815002e8272": "Ford, Chrysler, and GM", "57265a58dd62a815002e8273": "captive import policy", - "57265bdfdd62a815002e829e": "An", - "57265bdfdd62a815002e829f": "four passengers", - "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a0": "1985", - "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a1": "ans", + "57265bdfdd62a815002e829e": "An increase in imported cars", + "57265bdfdd62a815002e829f": "four", + "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a0": "1985, the average American vehicle moved 17.4 miles per gallon, compared to 13.5 in 1970", + "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a1": "Cadillac DeVille and Fleetwood, Buick Electra, Oldsmobile 98, Lincoln Continental, Mercury Marquis", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a2": "lower price models", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b8": "1979", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b9": "1981", - "57265ceddd62a815002e82ba": "1974 Mustang I", + "57265ceddd62a815002e82ba": "1974 Mustang I were a prelude to the DOT \"downsize", "57265e11708984140094c3bb": "1981", - "57265e11708984140094c3bc": "1981", - "57265e11708984140094c3bd": "trying to recover market share", - "57265e11708984140094c3be": "nearly $40 per barrel", + "57265e11708984140094c3bc": "1980s", + "57265e11708984140094c3bd": "recover market share", + "57265e11708984140094c3be": "$40", "5725b41838643c19005acb7f": "Project Mercury", "5725b41838643c19005acb80": "NASA", "5725b41838643c19005acb81": "1968", "5725b41838643c19005acb82": "John F. Kennedy", "5725b41838643c19005acb83": "three", - "5725b56589a1e219009abd20": "1961 to 1972", - "5725b56589a1e219009abd21": "Gemini", + "5725b56589a1e219009abd20": "1972", + "5725b56589a1e219009abd21": "Gemini missions", "5725b56589a1e219009abd22": "Soviet Union", "5725b56589a1e219009abd23": "Skylab", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd40": "1967", @@ -3835,9 +3835,9 @@ "5725b64d89a1e219009abd43": "Five", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd44": "an oxygen tank explosion", "5725b77889a1e219009abd54": "Apollo 8", - "5725b77889a1e219009abd55": "Apollo 17", - "5725b77889a1e219009abd56": "382 kg", - "5725b77889a1e219009abd57": "technology incidental to rocketry and manned spaceflight, including avionics, telecommunications, and computers", + "5725b77889a1e219009abd55": "the final Apollo 17", + "5725b77889a1e219009abd56": "842", + "5725b77889a1e219009abd57": "avionics, telecommunications, and computers", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d453": "one astronaut", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d454": "three astronauts", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d455": "Abe Silverstein", @@ -3848,46 +3848,46 @@ "5725ba5038643c19005acbe9": "three", "5725ba5038643c19005acbea": "Hugh L. Dryden", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c7": "John F. Kennedy", - "5725bb34271a42140099d0c8": "the Soviet Union", + "5725bb34271a42140099d0c8": "Soviet Union", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c9": "the massive financial commitment", "5725bb34271a42140099d0ca": "James E. Webb", - "5725bb34271a42140099d0cb": "missile gap", + "5725bb34271a42140099d0cb": "\"missile gap", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1d": "Yuri Gagarin", - "5725bc7138643c19005acc1e": "Soviet", + "5725bc7138643c19005acc1e": "Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1f": "one day", - "5725bc7138643c19005acc20": "circumspect", + "5725bc7138643c19005acc20": "circumspect in his response to the news, refusing to make a commitment", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc31": "April 20", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc32": "Lyndon B. Johnson", - "5725bd4b38643c19005acc33": "approximately one week later", - "5725bd4b38643c19005acc34": "concluding", + "5725bd4b38643c19005acc33": "one week", + "5725bd4b38643c19005acc34": "neither making maximum effort nor achieving results necessary if this country is to reach a position of leadership.\"", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a5": "Robert R. Gilruth", - "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a6": "Langley Research Center", + "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a6": "Houston, Texas", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a7": "Houston, Texas", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a8": "Rice University", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a9": "Cape Canaveral Air Force Station launch facilities in Florida", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdce": "Merritt Island", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdcf": "Kurt H. Debus", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd0": "Director", - "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd1": "Kennedy's death, President Johnson issued an executive order on November 29, 1963, to rename the LOC and Cape Canaveral in honor of Kennedy", - "5725c01389a1e219009abdd7": "at least three", - "5725c01389a1e219009abdd8": "Apollo", - "5725c01389a1e219009abdd9": "250,000 feet", + "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd1": "Kennedy", + "5725c01389a1e219009abdd7": "three", + "5725c01389a1e219009abdd8": "The Apollo spacecraft", + "5725c01389a1e219009abdd9": "250,000", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd6": "130 million cubic foot", "5725c123271a42140099d131": "Dr. George E. Mueller", "5725c123271a42140099d132": "July 23, 1963", "5725c123271a42140099d133": "D. Brainerd Holmes", - "5725c123271a42140099d134": "Dr. George E. Mueller", + "5725c123271a42140099d134": "Mueller", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6b": "Air Force missile projects", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6c": "United States Air Force", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6d": "General Samuel C. Phillips", - "5725c2a038643c19005acc6e": "1964", + "5725c2a038643c19005acc6e": "January 1964", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6f": "Apollo Program Director", - "5725c4c289a1e219009abe44": "a rendezvous \u2014let alone a docking", - "5725c4c289a1e219009abe45": "1961", + "5725c4c289a1e219009abe44": "rendezvous", + "5725c4c289a1e219009abe45": "early 1961", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe46": "Robert Seamans", "5725c604271a42140099d185": "Nicholas E. Golovin", "5725c604271a42140099d186": "July 1961", - "5725c604271a42140099d187": "the Manned Spacecraft Center", + "5725c604271a42140099d187": "Manned Spacecraft Center", "5725c604271a42140099d188": "Joseph Shea", "5725c604271a42140099d189": "Marshall Space Flight Center", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d531": "Jerome Wiesner", @@ -3896,11 +3896,11 @@ "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d534": "July 11, 1962", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a1": "Wiesner", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a2": "No, that's no good", - "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a3": "Lunar Excursion Module (LEM", + "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a3": "Lunar Excursion Module (LEM) contractors", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a4": "Grumman", - "5725c948ec44d21400f3d577": "allowing the lander spacecraft to be used as a \"lifeboat", - "5725c948ec44d21400f3d578": "Apollo 13", - "5725c948ec44d21400f3d579": "electrical power", + "5725c948ec44d21400f3d577": "the lander spacecraft to be used as a \"lifeboat", + "5725c948ec44d21400f3d578": "13", + "5725c948ec44d21400f3d579": "propulsion, electrical power and life support", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d57a": "1964", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c1": "cone", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c2": "Command/Service Module", @@ -3911,58 +3911,58 @@ "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecb": "Parachutes", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecc": "12,250 pounds", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1b": "A cylindrical Service Module", - "5725cc2038643c19005acd1c": "high-gain S-band", - "5725cc2038643c19005acd1d": "The Service Module was discarded", - "5725cc2038643c19005acd1e": "51,300 pounds (23,300 kg) fully fueled", + "5725cc2038643c19005acd1c": "S-band", + "5725cc2038643c19005acd1d": "The Service Module", + "5725cc2038643c19005acd1e": "51,300", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1f": "an orbital scientific instrument package", "5725cda338643c19005acd3f": "North American Aviation", - "5725cda338643c19005acd40": "about twice", + "5725cda338643c19005acd40": "twice", "5725cda338643c19005acd41": "1964", "5725cda338643c19005acd42": "Saturn V", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0a": "two", - "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0b": "the Moon and take them back to orbit to rendezvous with the Command Module. Not designed to fly through the Earth's atmosphere or return to Earth", - "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0d": "33,300 pounds", - "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0e": "over 3 days", + "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0b": "Not designed to fly through the Earth's atmosphere", + "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0d": "33,300", + "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0e": "3 days", "5725d01989a1e219009abf28": "Wernher von Braun", - "5725d01989a1e219009abf29": "the Army", + "5725d01989a1e219009abf29": "Army", "5725d01989a1e219009abf2b": "June 11, 1962", - "5725d0e3271a42140099d235": "live first stages", + "5725d0e3271a42140099d235": "dummy upper stages filled with water", "5725d0e3271a42140099d236": "1964 and 1965", "5725d0e3271a42140099d237": "Pegasus satellites", "5725d0e3271a42140099d238": "micrometeorite impacts", - "5725d2ef271a42140099d255": "Saturn IB", + "5725d2ef271a42140099d255": "The Saturn IB", "5725d2ef271a42140099d256": "200,000", - "5725d2ef271a42140099d257": "third stage", - "5725d2ef271a42140099d258": "over 40,000 pounds", + "5725d2ef271a42140099d257": "third", + "5725d2ef271a42140099d258": "40,000 pounds", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65b": "Saturn V", - "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65c": "33 feet", + "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65c": "33 feet (10.1 m", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65d": "three", - "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65e": "The second and third stages", + "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65e": "liquid hydrogen", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6e": "Project Mercury and Gemini veterans", - "5725d51589a1e219009abf6f": "All missions", - "5725d51589a1e219009abf70": "Dr. Harrison Schmitt", + "5725d51589a1e219009abf6f": "All", + "5725d51589a1e219009abf70": "Harrison Schmitt", "5725d51589a1e219009abf71": "Apollo 17", - "5725d51589a1e219009abf72": "Dr. Harrison Schmitt, a geologist", + "5725d51589a1e219009abf72": "geologist", "5725d61038643c19005acdd3": "32", "5725d61038643c19005acdd4": "Distinguished Service Medal", "5725d61038643c19005acdd5": "1969", "5725d61038643c19005acdd6": "NASA Exceptional Service Medal", "5725d61038643c19005acdd7": "Apollo 8", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde7": "1966", - "5725d6cb38643c19005acde8": "265.7 nautical miles", - "5725d6cb38643c19005acde9": "13,900 nautical miles", + "5725d6cb38643c19005acde8": "265.7", + "5725d6cb38643c19005acde9": "4,577 nautical miles (8,477 km) downrange in the Atlantic ocean", "5725d6cb38643c19005acdea": "the Service Module engine and the Command Module heat shield", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf90": "unmanned LM", - "5725d79e89a1e219009abf91": "a new Apollo spacesuit", - "5725d79e89a1e219009abf92": "visor helmet", + "5725d79e89a1e219009abf91": "Apollo spacesuit", + "5725d79e89a1e219009abf92": "visor", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf93": "water-cooled", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf94": "Lunar Module Pilot", "5725d8a3271a42140099d28f": "Deke Slayton", - "5725d8a3271a42140099d290": "Mercury", + "5725d8a3271a42140099d290": "Gemini and Apollo programs", "5725d8a3271a42140099d291": "January 1966", "5725d8a3271a42140099d292": "Donn F. Eisele", - "5725d8a3271a42140099d293": "AS-205", - "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69b": "December 1966", + "5725d8a3271a42140099d293": "Chaffee", + "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69b": "December 1966, the AS-205 mission was canceled", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69c": "August 1967", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69d": "AS-205/208", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69e": "the Apollo 1 backup crew", @@ -3970,56 +3970,56 @@ "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ac": "tiger team", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ad": "1967", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ae": "George Mueller", - "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bd": "the altitude chamber", + "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bd": "altitude chamber", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6be": "Grissom, White, and Chaffee", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bf": "a launch countdown", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6c0": "North American, and in the altitude chamber", "5725dc1638643c19005ace01": "a strange odor", "5725dc1638643c19005ace02": "January 27, 1967", - "5725dc1638643c19005ace03": "an electrical fire", - "5725dc1638643c19005ace04": "an electrical fire", + "5725dc1638643c19005ace03": "hatch", + "5725dc1638643c19005ace04": "asphyxiated", "5725dc1638643c19005ace05": "100% oxygen", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe2": "both houses of Congress", - "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe3": "deficiencies", + "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe3": "deficiencies existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe4": "George Low", - "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe5": "the insistence of NASA Administrator Webb, North American removed Harrison Storms as Command Module program manager.", + "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe5": "deficiencies existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control.\"", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ed": "nitrogen/oxygen", - "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ee": "flammable cabin and space suit materials", + "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ee": "flammable", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ef": "quick-release, outward opening door", - "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f0": "NASA discontinued the manned Block I program", - "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f1": "modified, fire-resistant Block II", - "5725df1838643c19005ace15": "a sequence of mission types", - "5725df1838643c19005ace16": "Each step had to be successfully accomplished", + "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f0": "manned Block I program", + "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f1": "modified, fire-resistant Block II space suits", + "5725df1838643c19005ace15": "A missions were unmanned Saturn V validation", + "5725df1838643c19005ace16": "Each step", "5725df1838643c19005ace17": "letters", "5725e08389a1e219009ac010": "AS-501", - "5725e08389a1e219009ac011": "capability of the Command Module's heat shield", + "5725e08389a1e219009ac011": "heat shield", "5725e08389a1e219009ac012": "April 4, 1968", - "5725e08389a1e219009ac013": "a third", + "5725e08389a1e219009ac013": "a third unmanned test", "5725e152271a42140099d2cd": "Apollo 5", - "5725e152271a42140099d2ce": "pad 37", + "5725e152271a42140099d2ce": "37", "5725e152271a42140099d2cf": "Grumman", - "5725e152271a42140099d2d0": "restart", - "5725e152271a42140099d2d1": "fire-in-the-hole", - "5725e28f38643c19005ace23": "V", + "5725e152271a42140099d2d0": "successfully test-fired", + "5725e152271a42140099d2d1": "\"fire-in-the-hole", + "5725e28f38643c19005ace23": "Saturn IBs", "5725e28f38643c19005ace24": "Zond 5", "5725e28f38643c19005ace25": "Christmas Eve", - "5725e28f38643c19005ace26": "the Moon", - "5725e28f38643c19005ace27": "human cosmonauts", + "5725e28f38643c19005ace26": "Moon", + "5725e28f38643c19005ace27": "animals around the Moon on September 15, 1968, aboard Zond 5, and it was believed they might soon repeat the feat with human cosmonauts", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac038": "Gemini", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac039": "July 1969", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03a": "black-and-white television", - "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03b": "Neil Armstrong", + "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03b": "Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03c": "July 24", "5725e44238643c19005ace35": "Apollo 12", "5725e44238643c19005ace36": "Surveyor 3", "5725e44238643c19005ace37": "returned to Earth", "5725e44238643c19005ace38": "accidentally pointed into the Sun", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d71f": "the Lunar Roving Vehicle", - "5725e547ec44d21400f3d720": "the Block II spacesuit", + "5725e547ec44d21400f3d720": "Block II spacesuit", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d721": "eight", - "5725e547ec44d21400f3d722": "over three days", - "5725e547ec44d21400f3d723": "the mass", - "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d729": "a liquid oxygen tank exploded", + "5725e547ec44d21400f3d722": "three days", + "5725e547ec44d21400f3d723": "mass", + "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d729": "a liquid oxygen tank exploded, disabling the Service Module", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72a": "two rookies", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72b": "grounded", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72c": "the oxygen tank", @@ -4032,9 +4032,9 @@ "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09f": "3.2 billion years", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a0": "KREEP", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a1": "Genesis Rock", - "5725eb8a38643c19005ace7f": "impact process effects", - "5725eb8a38643c19005ace80": "evidence of impact process effects", - "5725eb8a38643c19005ace81": "Some of the returned samples are of impact melt", + "5725eb8a38643c19005ace7f": "micrometeoroid impact craters", + "5725eb8a38643c19005ace80": "Almost all the rocks show evidence of impact process effects", + "5725eb8a38643c19005ace81": "materials melted near an impact crater", "5725ec7538643c19005ace8f": "$170 billion", "5725ec7538643c19005ace90": "15", "5725ec7538643c19005ace91": "20.4 billion", @@ -4042,36 +4042,36 @@ "5725ee6438643c19005aceb4": "Apollo Applications Program", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb5": "Venus", "5725ef6838643c19005acece": "1973", - "5725ef6838643c19005acecf": "complete on the ground rather than in space, and launched in 1973 using the two lower stages of a Saturn V.", + "5725ef6838643c19005acecf": "the ground", "5725ef6838643c19005aced0": "February 8, 1974", "5725ef6838643c19005aced1": "Apollo Telescope Mount", - "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0be": "Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter", - "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0bf": "Apollo 11", - "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0c0": "the lunar surface and return to the mission Command Module in lunar orbit; the degree to which these flags retain their original colors remains unknown.", + "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0be": "robotic Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter", + "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0bf": "the Apollo 11 mission", + "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0c0": "the degree to which these flags retain their original colors remains unknown", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cc": "Apollo 8", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cd": "Book of Genesis", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0ce": "one-quarter", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf": "inspiring", - "5725f239271a42140099d35d": "Apollo TV camera", - "5725f239271a42140099d35e": "a format incompatible with broadcast TV", + "5725f239271a42140099d35d": "Apollo TV", + "5725f239271a42140099d35e": "incompatible with broadcast TV", "5725f239271a42140099d35f": "a magnetic tape shortage", "5725f239271a42140099d360": "newer satellite data", "5725f239271a42140099d361": "Stan Lebar", "5725f39638643c19005acef7": "Nafzger", - "5725f39638643c19005acef8": "Lowry Digital for restoration. The video was processed to remove random noise and camera shake", + "5725f39638643c19005acef8": "remove random noise and camera shake", "5725f39638643c19005acef9": "kinescope", "5725f39638643c19005acefa": "Lowry Digital", - "5725f39638643c19005acefb": "conservative digital enhancements and did not include sound quality improvements.", - "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5c": "The three sources of European Union law are primary law", - "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5d": "a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states.", + "5725f39638643c19005acefb": "conservative digital enhancements", + "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5c": "primary law, secondary law and supplementary law", + "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5d": "a body of treaties and legislation", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5e": "the Treaties", - "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5f": "regulations and directives", + "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5f": "regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd60": "the European Parliament", - "5725c28a271a42140099d14d": "a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states.", - "5725c28a271a42140099d14e": "direct effect or indirect effect", - "5725c28a271a42140099d14f": "The three sources of European Union law are primary law", + "5725c28a271a42140099d14d": "a body of treaties and legislation", + "5725c28a271a42140099d14e": "indirect effect", + "5725c28a271a42140099d14f": "primary law, secondary law and supplementary law", "5725c28a271a42140099d150": "the European Parliament", - "57268b43dd62a815002e88f0": "The three sources of European Union law are primary law", + "57268b43dd62a815002e88f0": "primary law, secondary law and supplementary law", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f1": "the Treaties", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f2": "the European Parliament", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f3": "three", @@ -4079,65 +4079,65 @@ "5725bbec271a42140099d0d2": "courts of member states", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d3": "Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d4": "European Court of Justice", - "5725bbec271a42140099d0d5": "the European Union.", - "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d503": "European Court of Justice", + "5725bbec271a42140099d0d5": "case law by the Court of Justice, international law", + "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d503": "The European Court of Justice", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d504": "Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d505": "European Court of Justice", - "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d506": "the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states.", + "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d506": "case law by the Court of Justice, international law", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890a": "courts of member states", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890b": "courts of member states", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890c": "European Court of Justice", - "57268bf9dd62a815002e890d": "the courts of member states.", - "5725c743ec44d21400f3d549": "the Treaty", + "57268bf9dd62a815002e890d": "case law by the Court of Justice, international law", + "5725c743ec44d21400f3d549": "Treaty on European Union (TEU", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54a": "The European Commission", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54b": "citizens", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54c": "European Court of Justice", - "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54d": "the European Union", + "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54d": "The \"European Council", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb4": "The TEU", - "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb5": "the Faroe Islands", - "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb6": "interpret", - "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb7": "a direct effect", - "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb8": "soon as they enter into force", - "57268d2ddd62a815002e894e": "the Treaty on European Union", - "57268d2ddd62a815002e894f": "Gibraltar", - "57268d2ddd62a815002e8950": "soon as they enter into force", + "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb5": "Faroe Islands", + "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb6": "interpret the Treaties", + "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb7": "if the Treaty provisions have a direct effect", + "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb8": "enter into force", + "57268d2ddd62a815002e894e": "Treaty on European Union", + "57268d2ddd62a815002e894f": "Gibraltar and the \u00c5land islands", + "57268d2ddd62a815002e8950": "as soon as they enter into force", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8951": "Court of Justice", - "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bb": "with common rules for coal and steel, and then atomic energy", - "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bc": "Maastricht Treaty 1992", + "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bb": "common rules for coal and steel, and then atomic energy", + "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bc": "Treaty of Rome 1957", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bd": "1985", - "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5be": "the 1960s and 1970s.", + "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5be": "not end up joining", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bf": "Greenland", - "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b0": "began with common rules for coal and steel, and then atomic energy", + "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b0": "common rules for coal and steel, and then atomic energy", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b1": "1992", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b2": "1986", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b3": "1972", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b4": "1985", - "57264865dd62a815002e8062": "the Nice Treaty", - "57264865dd62a815002e8063": "Netherlands", + "57264865dd62a815002e8062": "Nice Treaty", + "57264865dd62a815002e8063": "France and the referendum in the Netherlands", "57264865dd62a815002e8064": "substance", - "57264865dd62a815002e8065": "amending treaty", - "57264865dd62a815002e8066": "the European Union and make it more transparent; this would have also produced a single constitutional document.", - "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c4": "the constitutional law", - "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c5": "make it more transparent", - "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c6": "the referendum", + "57264865dd62a815002e8065": "amending", + "57264865dd62a815002e8066": "completely replace them", + "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c4": "constitutional law of the European Union", + "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c5": "more transparent", + "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c6": "the referendum in France and the referendum in the Netherlands", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c7": "Lisbon Treaty", - "57264a8cdd62a815002e808c": "The European Commission", - "57264a8cdd62a815002e808d": "The European Commission", - "57264a8cdd62a815002e808e": "The European Commission", - "57264a8cdd62a815002e808f": "one Commissioner", + "57264a8cdd62a815002e808c": "European Commission", + "57264a8cdd62a815002e808d": "the Commission", + "57264a8cdd62a815002e808e": "The Commission's President", + "57264a8cdd62a815002e808f": "one", "57264a8cdd62a815002e8090": "Federica Mogherini", "572691545951b619008f76e1": "Article 17(3", - "572691545951b619008f76e2": "The European Commission", - "572691545951b619008f76e3": "a simple majority vote", + "572691545951b619008f76e2": "The Commission's President", + "572691545951b619008f76e3": "simple majority vote, usually through a \"written procedure", "572691545951b619008f76e4": "Ireland", "572691545951b619008f76e5": "Commissioners", "57264e455951b619008f6f65": "Santer Commission", - "57264e455951b619008f6f66": "a Commissioner giving her dentist a job, for which he was clearly unqualified, did in fact not break any law.", + "57264e455951b619008f6f66": "not break any law", "57264e455951b619008f6f67": "Committee of Independent Experts", - "57264e455951b619008f6f68": "the European Council", - "57264e455951b619008f6f69": "sit in on ECB meetings, but do not have voting rights", + "57264e455951b619008f6f68": "European Council", + "57264e455951b619008f6f69": "do not have voting rights", "5726926a5951b619008f7709": "1999", - "5726926a5951b619008f770a": "Commission v Edith Cresson", + "5726926a5951b619008f770a": "one main case, Commission v Edith Cresson", "5726926a5951b619008f770b": "Committee of Independent Experts", "5726926a5951b619008f770c": "European Anti-fraud Office", "5726926a5951b619008f770d": "2012", @@ -4150,85 +4150,85 @@ "5726938af1498d1400e8e447": "the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union", "5726938af1498d1400e8e448": "1979", "5726938af1498d1400e8e449": "every five years", - "5726938af1498d1400e8e44a": "European People's Party", + "5726938af1498d1400e8e44a": "the conservative European People's Party", "5726545f708984140094c2a5": "ministers", "5726545f708984140094c2a6": "Donald Tusk", - "5726545f708984140094c2a7": "inversely", + "5726545f708984140094c2a7": "inversely to member state size", "5726545f708984140094c2a8": "352", "5726545f708984140094c2a9": "260", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1e": "the Council", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1f": "each six months", "57269424dd62a815002e8a20": "352", "57269424dd62a815002e8a21": "qualified majority vote, if not consensus", - "572656e4dd62a815002e81fa": "by a majority of all MEPs", - "572656e4dd62a815002e81fb": "by qualified majority", - "572656e4dd62a815002e81fc": "it is harder", + "572656e4dd62a815002e81fa": "majority of all MEPs", + "572656e4dd62a815002e81fb": "qualified majority", + "572656e4dd62a815002e81fc": "harder", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fd": "4 and 5", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fe": "Court of Justice", - "572695285951b619008f774b": "article 294", - "572695285951b619008f774c": "the Parliament must vote by a majority", + "572695285951b619008f774b": "294", + "572695285951b619008f774c": "a majority in Parliament", "572695285951b619008f774d": "4 and 5", "572695285951b619008f774e": "Conciliation Committee", "572658435951b619008f7025": "judicial", - "572658435951b619008f7026": "Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU", + "572658435951b619008f7026": "CJEU", "572658435951b619008f7027": "28", - "572658435951b619008f7028": "member state courts", - "572658435951b619008f7029": "ensure that in the interpretation and application of the Treaties the law is observed", - "5726965ef1498d1400e8e484": "The judicial branch of the EU has played an important role", - "5726965ef1498d1400e8e485": "Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU", + "572658435951b619008f7028": "member state courts (the English Court of Appeal", + "572658435951b619008f7029": "\"ensure that in the interpretation and application of the Treaties the law is observed", + "5726965ef1498d1400e8e484": "played an important role", + "5726965ef1498d1400e8e485": "CJEU", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e486": "Civil Service Tribunal", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e487": "three years", - "5726965ef1498d1400e8e488": "ensure that in the interpretation and application of the Treaties the law is observed", + "5726965ef1498d1400e8e488": "\"ensure that in the interpretation and application of the Treaties the law is observed", "57265e455951b619008f70bb": "Community law", - "57265e455951b619008f70bc": "The Italian Constitutional Court gave an opinion", - "57265e455951b619008f70bd": "the Treaty of Rome", - "5726975c708984140094cb1f": "the European Court of Justice and the highest national courts", + "57265e455951b619008f70bc": "no", + "57265e455951b619008f70bd": "1964 and 1968", + "5726975c708984140094cb1f": "European Court of Justice and the highest national courts", "5726975c708984140094cb20": "1964", - "5726975c708984140094cb21": "Court of Justice", + "5726975c708984140094cb21": "Court of Justice held that ultimately the Treaty of Rome in no way prevented energy nationalisation", "572699db5951b619008f7799": "EU law", "572699db5951b619008f779a": "democracy and human rights", "572699db5951b619008f779b": "1972", - "572699db5951b619008f779d": "the ultimate authority of member states", - "572699db5951b619008f779c": "if the EU does not comply with its basic constitutional rights and principles (particularly democracy, the rule of law and the social state principles", + "572699db5951b619008f779d": "ultimate authority of member states", + "572699db5951b619008f779c": "democracy, the rule of law and the social state principles", "57269aa65951b619008f77ab": "administrative law", "57269aa65951b619008f77ac": "1986", - "57269aa65951b619008f77ad": "All actions", + "57269aa65951b619008f77ad": "All", "57269aa65951b619008f77ae": "constitutional law", "57269bb8708984140094cb95": "Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen it was held that the provisions of the Treaties", - "57269bb8708984140094cb96": "article 30", - "57269bb8708984140094cb97": "a postal company", + "57269bb8708984140094cb96": "TFEU article 288", + "57269bb8708984140094cb97": "postal company", "57269bb8708984140094cb98": "Treaty provisions", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b12": "Directives", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b13": "4 weeks", - "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b14": "more than 28 days", - "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b15": "the early 1990s", - "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e516": "Directive", + "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b14": "28", + "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b15": "1990s", + "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e516": "private non-state parties", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e517": "Employment Equality Framework Directive", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e518": "10 years", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e519": "Employment Equality Framework Directive", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e51a": "60", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e534": "national courts", - "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e535": "a fixed list of reasons", + "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e535": "incorporations would only be nullified for a fixed list of reasons", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e536": "an insurance fund for employees to claim unpaid wages if their employers had gone insolvent, as the Insolvency Protection Directive", - "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e537": "6 million", - "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e550": "the European Court of Justice", + "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e537": "6 million Lira", + "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e550": "European Court of Justice", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e551": "fundamental rights", - "5726a09f708984140094cc39": "since the 1950s", + "5726a09f708984140094cc39": "1950s", "5726a09f708984140094cc3a": "Article 5", - "5726a09f708984140094cc3b": "least onerous", - "5726a14c708984140094cc51": "since the 1960s", - "5726a14c708984140094cc52": "It is an important general principle of international law and public law", - "5726a14c708984140094cc53": "a proper legal basis", + "5726a09f708984140094cc3b": "the least onerous", + "5726a14c708984140094cc51": "1960s", + "5726a14c708984140094cc52": "international law and public law", + "5726a14c708984140094cc53": "proper legal basis", "5726a14c708984140094cc54": "legal certainty and good faith", - "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b86": "the constitutional traditions common to the member states", + "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b86": "constitutional traditions common to the member states", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b87": "fundamental rights", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9e": "None", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9f": "member states", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba0": "1950", - "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba1": "European Court of Human Rights", + "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba1": "European Court", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba2": "1999", - "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59e": "2007", - "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59f": "Charter of Fundamental Rights", + "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59e": "12 December 2007", + "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59f": "the Charter of Fundamental Rights", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a0": "European Union law", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a1": "European Court of Justice", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5ae": "Treaty of Amsterdam", @@ -4250,23 +4250,23 @@ "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf8": "cartels", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf9": "article 66", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bfa": "1957", - "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e654": "Article 101(1", - "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e655": "anti-competitive agreements", + "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e654": "101(1", + "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e655": "anti-competitive agreements in Article 101(1", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e656": "Articles 106 and 107", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e657": "Article 102", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b55": "2007", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b56": "the Treaty of Rome 1957", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b57": "consumer prices", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b58": "free trade", - "5726b58f5951b619008f7b59": "the Court of Justice", - "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbe": "a customs union, and the principle of non-discrimination", - "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbf": "imports", - "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc0": "trading rules", - "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc1": "sabotaging shipments of Spanish strawberries, and even Belgian tomato imports. France was liable for these hindrances to trade", + "5726b58f5951b619008f7b59": "Court of Justice", + "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbe": "non-discrimination", + "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbf": "freedom of association is one of the \u2018fundamental pillars of a democratic society\u2019, against which the free movement of goods", + "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc0": "private actors", + "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc1": "Commission v France French farmer vigilantes were continually sabotaging shipments of Spanish strawberries, and even Belgian tomato imports", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc2": "a protest", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e8": "25", - "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e9": "France", - "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ea": "2009", + "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e9": "Cassis de Dijon, which Rewe-Zentrale AG wished to import from France", + "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ea": "2003", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8eb": "cocoa butter", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ec": "motorcycles or mopeds pulling trailers", "5726ba2c708984140094cf59": "Keck and Mithouard", @@ -4276,115 +4276,115 @@ "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e74": "free movement", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e75": "the European Community", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e76": "citizenship", - "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e77": "The Court of Justice held that Mr Steymann", - "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e78": "entitled to stay", - "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea6": "articles 1 to 7", + "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e77": "Bhagwan community", + "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e78": "stay", + "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea6": "1 to 7", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea7": "Jean-Marc Bosman", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea8": "Gaelic", - "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea9": "Hendrix v Employee Insurance Institute", - "5726bc1add62a815002e8eaa": "between 3 and 14 hours a week", + "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea9": "Hendrix v Employee Insurance Institute the Court of Justice held that a Dutch national was not entitled to continue receiving incapacity benefits", + "5726bc1add62a815002e8eaa": "3 and 14 hours a week", "5726bcde708984140094cfbf": "Citizenship of the EU", "5726bcde708984140094cfc0": "social services", "5726bcde708984140094cfc1": "Commission v Austria", "5726bcde708984140094cfc2": "higher education", - "5726c002708984140094d073": "Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", - "5726c002708984140094d074": "non-discriminatory, \"just", - "5726c002708984140094d075": "Reyners v Belgium", + "5726c002708984140094d073": "European Union", + "5726c002708984140094d074": "non-discriminatory", + "5726c002708984140094d075": "Reyners v Belgium the Court of Justice held that a refusal to admit a lawyer to the Belgian bar because he lacked Belgian nationality", "5726c002708984140094d076": "49", "5726c002708984140094d077": "Commission v Italy", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8a": "2006", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8b": "shipping toxic waste", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8c": "October 2007", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8d": "2005", - "5726c3da708984140094d0d9": "people", + "5726c3da708984140094d0d9": "people who give services \"for remuneration", "5726c3da708984140094d0da": "Dutch law", "5726c3da708984140094d0db": "narcotic drugs", "5726c3da708984140094d0dc": "the treatment", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac4": "Daily Mail", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac5": "\u00a31", - "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac6": "200,000 Danish krone", - "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac7": "companies", + "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac6": "\u00a31", + "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac7": "creditor protection", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac8": "\u00dcberseering BV v Nordic Construction GmbH", - "5725b81b271a42140099d097": "Amazonia", - "5725b81b271a42140099d098": "5,500,000 square kilometres (2,100,000 sq mi", + "5725b81b271a42140099d097": "the Amazon Jungle", + "5725b81b271a42140099d098": "5,500,000", "5725b81b271a42140099d099": "nine", - "5725b81b271a42140099d09a": "four", - "5725b81b271a42140099d09b": "over half", + "5725b81b271a42140099d09a": "nine", + "5725b81b271a42140099d09b": "half", "5728349dff5b5019007d9efe": "Amazoneregenwoud", "5728349dff5b5019007d9eff": "Amazon rainforest", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f00": "Brazil", - "5728349dff5b5019007d9f01": "over half", + "5728349dff5b5019007d9f01": "half", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f02": "16,000", "5729e2316aef0514001550c4": "moist broadleaf forest", - "5729e2316aef0514001550c5": "7,000,000 square kilometres (2,700,000 sq mi", + "5729e2316aef0514001550c5": "7,000,000", "5729e2316aef0514001550c6": "nine", "5729e2316aef0514001550c7": "Brazil", "5729e2316aef0514001550c8": "390 billion", - "5725be0f271a42140099d117": "wetter climate", + "5725be0f271a42140099d117": "wetter", "5725be0f271a42140099d118": "Climate fluctuations", - "5725be0f271a42140099d119": "the Oligocene", - "5725be0f271a42140099d11a": "the last glacial maximum", - "5725be0f271a42140099d11b": "the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics.", - "57283adcff5b5019007d9f94": "the extinction of the dinosaurs", + "5725be0f271a42140099d119": "Oligocene", + "5725be0f271a42140099d11a": "last glacial maximum", + "5725be0f271a42140099d11b": "allowing for the survival and evolution of a broad diversity of species", + "57283adcff5b5019007d9f94": "the extinction of the dinosaurs and the wetter climate", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f95": "45\u00b0", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f96": "Climate fluctuations", - "57283adcff5b5019007d9f97": "the Oligocene", - "57283adcff5b5019007d9f98": "expanded", - "5729e500af94a219006aa6b5": "Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene", + "57283adcff5b5019007d9f97": "Oligocene", + "57283adcff5b5019007d9f98": "thrive", + "5729e500af94a219006aa6b5": "Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction event, the extinction of the dinosaurs", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b6": "66\u201334 Mya", - "5729e500af94a219006aa6b7": "Middle Miocene", - "5729e500af94a219006aa6b8": "Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction", + "5729e500af94a219006aa6b7": "the Oligocene, for example, the rainforest spanned a relatively narrow band", + "5729e500af94a219006aa6b8": "last glacial maximum", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b9": "34 million years", - "5725c071271a42140099d127": "5\u201310 million years", - "5725c071271a42140099d128": "toward the Atlantic", + "5725c071271a42140099d127": "Purus Arch", + "5725c071271a42140099d128": "Atlantic", "5725c071271a42140099d129": "Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5725c071271a42140099d12a": "5\u201310 million years", "5725c071271a42140099d12b": "easterly flow toward the Atlantic", "57283d173acd2414000df78f": "mid-Eocene", - "57283d173acd2414000df790": "the Atlantic", + "57283d173acd2414000df790": "Atlantic", "57283d173acd2414000df791": "Pacific", - "57283d173acd2414000df792": "the Amazonas Basin", + "57283d173acd2414000df792": "Amazonas Basin", "57283d173acd2414000df793": "Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5729e6313f37b319004785a9": "mid-Eocene", - "5729e6313f37b319004785aa": "along the middle", - "5729e6313f37b319004785ab": "the Atlantic", - "5729e6313f37b319004785ac": "Atlantic", + "5729e6313f37b319004785aa": "middle", + "5729e6313f37b319004785ab": "Atlantic", + "5729e6313f37b319004785ac": "Pacific", "5729e6313f37b319004785ad": "Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50b": "Last Glacial Maximum", - "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50c": "that rainfall", - "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50d": "debate", - "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50e": "difficult to resolve", - "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50f": "reasonably well", - "572841772ca10214002da1a6": "21,000 years", + "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50c": "rainfall", + "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50d": "Some scientists argue that the rainforest was reduced to small, isolated refugia", + "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50e": "reasonably well supported by the available data", + "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50f": "reasonably well supported by the available data", + "572841772ca10214002da1a6": "21,000", "572841772ca10214002da1a7": "the Last Glacial Maximum", "572841772ca10214002da1a8": "sediment deposits", "572841772ca10214002da1a9": "reduced moist tropical vegetation cover", - "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa779": "21,000 years", - "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77a": "sediment", - "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77b": "moist tropical", + "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa779": "21,000", + "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77a": "sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes", + "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77b": "moist tropical vegetation cover", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77c": "open forest and grassland", - "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77d": "the practical limitations", + "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77d": "practical limitations of working in the rainforest mean that data sampling is biased away from the center of the Amazon basin", "5725c63438643c19005acc9f": "CALIPSO", "5725c63438643c19005acca0": "182 million", - "5725c63438643c19005acca1": "1,600 miles", + "5725c63438643c19005acca1": "1,600", "5725c63438643c19005acca2": "Amazon basin", "5725c63438643c19005acca3": "132 million", - "5728455bff5b5019007da078": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite", + "5728455bff5b5019007da078": "CALIPSO satellite", "5728455bff5b5019007da079": "182 million", "5728455bff5b5019007da07a": "27.7 million tons (15%)", "5728455bff5b5019007da07b": "132 million", - "5728455bff5b5019007da07c": "43 million", + "5728455bff5b5019007da07c": "43", "5729ea263f37b319004785bd": "CALIPSO", - "5729ea263f37b319004785be": "NASA", + "5729ea263f37b319004785be": "NASA's CALIPSO", "5729ea263f37b319004785bf": "182 million", - "5729ea263f37b319004785c0": "1,600 miles", + "5729ea263f37b319004785c0": "1,600", "5729ea263f37b319004785c1": "27.7 million", "5725c95f38643c19005accf3": "Amazonia", - "5725c95f38643c19005accf4": "0.52/sq mi", - "5725c95f38643c19005accf5": "agriculture", - "5725c95f38643c19005accf6": "anthropological", + "5725c95f38643c19005accf4": "0.2", + "5725c95f38643c19005accf5": "agriculture given the poor soil", + "5725c95f38643c19005accf6": "recent anthropological", "5725c95f38643c19005accf7": "5 million", - "572847dd4b864d19001648bc": "it was impossible to sustain a large population through agriculture given the poor soil", + "572847dd4b864d19001648bc": "poor soil", "572847dd4b864d19001648bd": "Betty Meggers", "572847dd4b864d19001648be": "0.2", "572847dd4b864d19001648bf": "Amazonia", @@ -4392,22 +4392,22 @@ "5729eb34af94a219006aa6ca": "Betty Meggers", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cb": "0.2", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cc": "5 million", - "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cd": "less than 200,000", + "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cd": "200,000", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed2": "Francisco de Orellana", - "5725cbb289a1e219009abed3": "1542", + "5725cbb289a1e219009abed3": "1540s", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed4": "smallpox", - "5725cbb289a1e219009abed5": "1970s", + "5725cbb289a1e219009abed5": "1977", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed6": "AD 0\u20131250", "5729edd56aef051400155112": "Francisco de Orellana", "5729edd56aef051400155113": "1542", "5729edd56aef051400155114": "AD 0\u20131250", "5729edd56aef051400155115": "Ondemar Dias", - "5729edd56aef051400155116": "11,000 years", + "5729edd56aef051400155116": "11,000", "5725cf3238643c19005acd61": "black earth", "5725cf3238643c19005acd62": "large areas", - "5725cf3238643c19005acd63": "agriculture and silviculture", + "5725cf3238643c19005acd63": "silviculture", "5725cf3238643c19005acd64": "Xingu", - "5725cf3238643c19005acd65": "Michael Heckenberger and colleagues of the University of Florida", + "5725cf3238643c19005acd65": "Xingu tribe", "5729ef266aef05140015511c": "Terra preta", "5729ef266aef05140015511d": "agriculture and silviculture", "5729ef266aef05140015511e": "Xingu", @@ -4423,82 +4423,82 @@ "5729f0db6aef051400155128": "40,000", "5729f0db6aef051400155129": "378", "5729f0db6aef05140015512a": "One in five", - "5726722bdd62a815002e8528": "62 acres", + "5726722bdd62a815002e8528": "a quarter square kilometer", "5726722bdd62a815002e8529": "16,000", "5726722bdd62a815002e852a": "90,790", - "5726722bdd62a815002e852b": "356 \u00b1 47 tonnes", + "5726722bdd62a815002e852b": "356 \u00b1 47 tonnes per hectare", "5726722bdd62a815002e852c": "438,000", "5729f2646aef051400155130": "the highest on Earth", - "5729f2646aef051400155131": "more than 1,100", + "5729f2646aef051400155131": "1,100", "5729f2646aef051400155132": "90,790", "5729f2646aef051400155133": "356 \u00b1 47 tonnes", "5729f2646aef051400155134": "438,000", "5729f3831d0469140077967b": "electric eels", - "5729f3831d0469140077967c": "electric eels", + "5729f3831d0469140077967c": "black caiman", "5729f3831d0469140077967d": "piranha", "5729f3831d0469140077967e": "lipophilic alkaloid toxins", - "5729f3831d0469140077967f": "Vampire bats", + "5729f3831d0469140077967f": "Vampire", "5729fd56af94a219006aa72f": "Deforestation", - "5729fd56af94a219006aa730": "the early 1960s", + "5729fd56af94a219006aa730": "1960s", "5729fd56af94a219006aa731": "slash and burn", - "5729fd56af94a219006aa732": "weed invasion", + "5729fd56af94a219006aa732": "soil fertility and weed invasion", "5729fd56af94a219006aa733": "Deforestation", - "5729feaf6aef051400155188": "415,000 to 587,000", + "5729feaf6aef051400155188": "587,000", "5729feaf6aef051400155189": "587,000", - "5729feaf6aef05140015518a": "pasture for cattle", - "5729feaf6aef05140015518b": "second-largest", + "5729feaf6aef05140015518a": "Seventy percent of formerly forested land in the Amazon, and 91% of land deforested since 1970, is used for livestock pasture", + "5729feaf6aef05140015518b": "second-largest global producer of soybeans after the United States", "5729feaf6aef05140015518c": "Seventy percent", "572a005f1d046914007796b7": "soy farmers", "572a005f1d046914007796b8": "deforestation", - "572a005f1d046914007796b9": "8,646 sq mi", - "572a005f1d046914007796bb": "declined significantly", + "572a005f1d046914007796b9": "8,646", + "572a005f1d046914007796bb": "declined", "572a005f1d046914007796ba": "18%", "572a020f6aef051400155198": "biodiversity", "572a020f6aef051400155199": "destruction of the forest", "572a020f6aef05140015519a": "carbon", - "572a020f6aef05140015519b": "10%", - "572a020f6aef05140015519c": "1.1 \u00d7 1011 metric tonnes of carbon", + "572a020f6aef05140015519b": "1.1 \u00d7 1011 metric tonnes", + "572a020f6aef05140015519c": "1.1 \u00d7 1011", "572a03a06aef0514001551aa": "severely reduced rainfall and increased temperatures", "572a03a06aef0514001551ab": "greenhouse gas", "572a03a06aef0514001551ac": "2100", - "572a03a06aef0514001551ad": "the 21st century", + "572a03a06aef0514001551ad": "21st century", "572a03a06aef0514001551ae": "climate change in addition to deforestation", - "572a064a3f37b3190047865d": "indigenous territories", - "572a064a3f37b3190047865e": "ethno-biology and community-based", + "572a064a3f37b3190047865d": "indigenous", + "572a064a3f37b3190047865e": "ethno-biology", "572a064a3f37b3190047865f": "deforestation and ecocide", "572a064a3f37b31900478660": "Urarina", "572a064a3f37b31900478661": "non-human primates", "572a07c11d046914007796d5": "remote sensing", - "572a07c11d046914007796d6": "the Trio Tribe", - "572a07c11d046914007796d7": "southern Suriname", - "572a07c11d046914007796d8": "protect their tribal lands", - "572a07c11d046914007796d9": "the conservation of the Amazon", + "572a07c11d046914007796d6": "Trio Tribe", + "572a07c11d046914007796d7": "Suriname", + "572a07c11d046914007796d8": "territorial claims", + "572a07c11d046914007796d9": "indigenous tribes of the basin to protect their tribal lands from commercial interests. Using handheld GPS devices and programs like Google Earth, members of the Trio Tribe", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75b": "tree growth stages", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75c": "carbon related emissions", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75d": "Tatiana Kuplich", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75e": "2006", - "572a09abaf94a219006aa75f": "Synthetic aperture radar", + "572a09abaf94a219006aa75f": "Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and Thematic Mapper", "572a0b101d046914007796e9": "2005", "572a0b101d046914007796eb": "Brazilian National Institute of Amazonian Research", "572a0b101d046914007796ec": "deforestation on regional climate", "572a0b101d046914007796ed": "savanna or desert", "572a0b101d046914007796ea": "Woods Hole Research Center", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa76f": "2010", - "572a0bebaf94a219006aa770": "1,160,000 square miles", + "572a0bebaf94a219006aa770": "1,160,000", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa771": "1,160,000 square miles", - "572a0bebaf94a219006aa772": "2010", - "572a0bebaf94a219006aa773": "1.5 gigatons", + "572a0bebaf94a219006aa772": "southwestern", + "572a0bebaf94a219006aa773": "1.5", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe1": "comb jellies", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe2": "marine waters worldwide", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe3": "1.5 m", - "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf2": "a phylum", + "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf2": "comb jellies", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf3": "cilia", - "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf4": "water flow", + "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf4": "water flow through the body cavity", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf5": "1.5 m", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf6": "the \u2018combs", "57263eaa38643c19005ad371": "comb jellies", "57263eaa38643c19005ad372": "1.5 m", - "57263eaa38643c19005ad373": "water flow", + "57263eaa38643c19005ad373": "water flow through the body cavity", "57263eaa38643c19005ad374": "comb' and \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 pher\u014d 'carry", "57263eaa38643c19005ad375": "marine waters worldwide", "5725bae289a1e219009abd90": "ten times their own weight", @@ -4508,182 +4508,182 @@ "5725c337271a42140099d164": "tentilla (\"little tentacles", "5725c337271a42140099d165": "ten times their own weight", "5725c337271a42140099d166": "tentacles", - "5725c337271a42140099d167": "cilia", + "5725c337271a42140099d167": "large, stiffened cilia", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ee": "ten times their own weight", - "5726400589a1e219009ac5ef": "little tentacles", - "5726400589a1e219009ac5f0": "cilia", - "5726400589a1e219009ac5f1": "colloblasts", + "5726400589a1e219009ac5ef": "tentilla", + "5726400589a1e219009ac5f0": "groups of large, stiffened cilia", + "5726400589a1e219009ac5f1": "colloblasts, sticky cells", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f2": "100\u2013150", "5725bc0338643c19005acc11": "hermaphrodites", "5725bc0338643c19005acc12": "planktonic and in most species look like miniature cydippids", - "5725bc0338643c19005acc13": "the bottom and rapidly metamorphose into the adult form. In at least some species, juveniles", + "5725bc0338643c19005acc13": "juveniles", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5e": "Most species", - "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5f": "simultaneous hermaphrodites, which can produce both eggs and sperm at the same time", + "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5f": "simultaneous hermaphrodites, which can produce both eggs and sperm", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe60": "sequential", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe61": "platyctenids", - "5725c57a89a1e219009abe62": "early reproduction", + "5725c57a89a1e219009abe62": "small populations", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd1": "Most species", - "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd2": "simultaneous hermaphrodites, which can produce both eggs and sperm at the same time", + "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd2": "simultaneous", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd3": "sequential hermaphrodites, in which the eggs and sperm mature at different times", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd4": "platyctenids", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd5": "beroids", - "5725bdbe38643c19005acc39": "the Black Sea", + "5725bdbe38643c19005acc39": "Black Sea", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3a": "Mnemiopsis", - "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3b": "long-term environmental changes", + "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3b": "environmental changes", "5725c69738643c19005accb9": "other ctenophores", "5725c69738643c19005accba": "Mnemiopsis", "5725c69738643c19005accbb": "fish larvae", "5725c69738643c19005accbc": "bays", "5726431d271a42140099d7f5": "bays", - "5726431d271a42140099d7f6": "phytoplankton", + "5726431d271a42140099d7f6": "planktonic plants", "5726431d271a42140099d7f7": "Mnemiopsis", - "5726431d271a42140099d7f8": "over-fishing", + "5726431d271a42140099d7f8": "fish stocks to collapse", "5726431d271a42140099d7f9": "Beroe", "5725c91e38643c19005acceb": "66 million years ago", "5725c91e38643c19005accec": "monophyletic", "5725c91e38643c19005acced": "515 million years ago", "5725c91e38643c19005accee": "no tentacles", "5726449f1125e71900ae1928": "515 million years ago", - "5726449f1125e71900ae1929": "Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction event", + "5726449f1125e71900ae1929": "Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene", "5726449f1125e71900ae192a": "monophyletic", - "5726449f1125e71900ae192b": "tentacles but many more comb-rows", + "5726449f1125e71900ae192b": "comb-rows", "5725cb33271a42140099d1db": "Ctenophores", - "5725cb33271a42140099d1dc": "having colloblasts", + "5725cb33271a42140099d1dc": "colloblasts", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dd": "bilaterians", "5725cb33271a42140099d1de": "Ctenophores", "5725cb33271a42140099d1df": "colloblasts", - "572646655951b619008f6ebf": "Ctenophores", + "572646655951b619008f6ebf": "cnidarians", "572646655951b619008f6ec0": "colloblasts", "572646655951b619008f6ec1": "colloblasts", "572646655951b619008f6ec2": "cnidarians", "572646655951b619008f6ec3": "bilaterians", "572647d0708984140094c14b": "mesoglea", "572647d0708984140094c14c": "diploblastic", - "572647d0708984140094c14d": "ctenophores", + "572647d0708984140094c14d": "sponges and cnidarians, ctenophores", "572647d0708984140094c14e": "sponges", "572648e8dd62a815002e8076": "cilia", - "572648e8dd62a815002e8077": "their main method of locomotion", + "572648e8dd62a815002e8077": "locomotion", "572648e8dd62a815002e8078": "ctenes", "572648e8dd62a815002e8079": "comb-bearing", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db40": "Pleurobrachia", - "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db41": "Coastal species need to be tough enough to withstand waves and swirling sediment particles, while some oceanic species are so fragile", + "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db41": "oceanic species are so fragile", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db42": "need to be tough enough", - "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db43": "three coastal", + "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db43": "Pleurobrachia, Beroe and Mnemiopsis", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a0": "gastrodermis", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a1": "bioluminescence", - "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a2": "pharynx (\"throat", - "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a3": "gastrodermis", + "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a2": "pharynx", + "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a3": "a mouth", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a4": "the mouth and pharynx", "57264cfa708984140094c1c3": "swimming-plates", "57264cfa708984140094c1c4": "comb plates", "57264cfa708984140094c1c5": "supporting function", - "57264cfa708984140094c1c6": "away from the mouth, although they can also reverse direction", + "57264cfa708984140094c1c6": "the direction in which the mouth is pointing", "57264cfa708984140094c1c7": "2 millimeters", "57264e66dd62a815002e811a": "osmotic pressure", - "57264e66dd62a815002e811b": "the mesoglea", - "57264e66dd62a815002e811c": "to increase its bulk and decrease its density, to avoid sinking", - "57264e66dd62a815002e811d": "pump", - "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5e": "the aboral organ", + "57264e66dd62a815002e811b": "mesoglea", + "57264e66dd62a815002e811c": "increase its bulk and decrease its density, to avoid sinking", + "57264e66dd62a815002e811d": "pump this into the mesoglea", + "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5e": "aboral organ", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5f": "at the opposite end from the mouth", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc60": "a transparent dome", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc61": "statocyst", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc62": "balance sensor", "57265746dd62a815002e8218": "Pleurobrachia", "57265746dd62a815002e8219": "a pair of long, slender tentacles", - "57265746dd62a815002e821a": "rounded", + "57265746dd62a815002e821a": "rounded, sometimes nearly spherical and other times more cylindrical or egg-shaped", "57265746dd62a815002e821b": "a sheath", "57265746dd62a815002e821c": "narrow end", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcac": "tentilla", - "572658daf1498d1400e8dcad": "muscle", + "572658daf1498d1400e8dcad": "microscopic colloblasts", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcae": "striated muscle", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcaf": "three", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcb0": "capturing prey", "572659ea5951b619008f7051": "eight", - "572659ea5951b619008f7052": "near the mouth", + "572659ea5951b619008f7052": "near the mouth to the opposite end", "572659ea5951b619008f7053": "evenly round the body", - "572659ea5951b619008f7054": "a ciliary groove", - "57265aaf5951b619008f706b": "a pair of lobes", - "57265aaf5951b619008f706c": "four", + "572659ea5951b619008f7054": "ciliary groove", + "57265aaf5951b619008f706b": "lobes", + "57265aaf5951b619008f706c": "four auricles, gelatinous projections edged with cilia that produce water currents", "57265aaf5951b619008f706d": "four", "57265aaf5951b619008f706e": "water currents", "57265aaf5951b619008f706f": "planktonic prey", - "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd36": "clapping", - "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd37": "escape from danger by clapping their lobes, so that the jet of expelled water drives them backwards very quickly", + "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd36": "clapping their lobes", + "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd37": "the jet of expelled water drives them backwards", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd38": "nerves", - "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd39": "nerves", + "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd39": "water disturbances created by the cilia", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd50": "Nuda", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd51": "Beroida", - "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd52": "zip\" the mouth shut", - "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd53": "bite\" off", + "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd52": "\"zip\" the mouth shut", + "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd53": "This tight closure", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd54": "macrocilia", - "57265e97708984140094c3c3": "The Cestida", + "57265e97708984140094c3c3": "Cestida", "57265e97708984140094c3c6": "Cestum veneris", - "57265e97708984140094c3c4": "belt animals", - "57265e97708984140094c3c5": "undulating", + "57265e97708984140094c3c4": "Cestida (\"belt animals", + "57265e97708984140094c3c5": "undulating their bodies", "57265e97708984140094c3c7": "Velamen parallelum", "572681c1dd62a815002e8796": "tentilla-bearing tentacles", "572681c1dd62a815002e8797": "cling to and creep on surfaces by everting the pharynx and using it as a muscular \"foot", "572681c1dd62a815002e8798": "comb-rows", - "572681c1dd62a815002e8799": "rocks", - "572683075951b619008f7513": "via pores in the epidermis", + "572681c1dd62a815002e8799": "rocks, algae, or the body surfaces of other invertebrates", + "572683075951b619008f7513": "pores in the epidermis", "572683075951b619008f7514": "internal fertilization", "572683075951b619008f7515": "Mnemiopsis", - "572683075951b619008f7516": "the internal canal network", - "572683075951b619008f7517": "external", + "572683075951b619008f7516": "under the comb rows", + "572683075951b619008f7517": "Fertilization is external", "572684365951b619008f753f": "tentacles", "572684365951b619008f7540": "bottom-dwelling platyctenids, the juveniles behave more like true larvae, as they live among the plankton", - "572684365951b619008f7541": "metamorphosis", + "572684365951b619008f7541": "after dropping to the sea-floor", "572684365951b619008f7542": "true larvae", "572684365951b619008f7543": "Beroe", "572686fc708984140094c8e5": "ink", - "572686fc708984140094c8e6": "are disturbed", + "572686fc708984140094c8e6": "disturbed", "572686fc708984140094c8e7": "ink", - "572686fc708984140094c8e8": "the same wavelengths as their bodies.", - "5726887e708984140094c917": "Almost all ctenophores are predators \u2013 there are no vegetarians", + "572686fc708984140094c8e8": "more brightly in relation to their body size", + "5726887e708984140094c917": "juveniles of Lampea attach themselves like parasites to salps that are too large for them to swallow", "5726887e708984140094c918": "jellyfish", - "5726887e708984140094c919": "incorporate their prey's nematocysts (stinging cells", - "5726887e708984140094c91a": "smaller, weaker swimmers", + "5726887e708984140094c919": "stinging cells", + "5726887e708984140094c91a": "smaller, weaker swimmers such as rotifers", "5726887e708984140094c91b": "Lampea", - "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33c": "their low ratio", + "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33c": "low ratio", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33d": "Oncorhynchus keta", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33e": "other ctenophores", - "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33f": "the Red Sea", + "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33f": "Red Sea", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e340": "ctenophores", - "57268c01dd62a815002e8912": "the Western Atlantic ctenophore", - "57268c01dd62a815002e8913": "accidentally", - "57268c01dd62a815002e8915": "the accidental", - "57268c01dd62a815002e8914": "late 1980s", + "57268c01dd62a815002e8912": "crustaceans", + "57268c01dd62a815002e8913": "the ballast tanks of ships", + "57268c01dd62a815002e8915": "the Mnemiopsis-eating North American ctenophore Beroe ovata, and by a cooling of the local climate from 1991 to 1993", + "57268c01dd62a815002e8914": "1980s", "57268c01dd62a815002e8916": "slowed the animal's metabolism", - "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39c": "Because", - "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39d": "comb jelly", + "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39c": "soft, gelatinous bodies", + "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39d": "a comb jelly", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39e": "mid-Cambrian", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39f": "Three", - "57268da7f1498d1400e8e3a0": "tentacles", + "57268da7f1498d1400e8e3a0": "lacked tentacles", "57268f05dd62a815002e8990": "515 million years ago", "57268f05dd62a815002e8991": "Stromatoveris", - "57268f05dd62a815002e8992": "ctenophores", + "57268f05dd62a815002e8992": "Stromatoveris", "57268f05dd62a815002e8993": "Vendobionta", - "57268f05dd62a815002e8994": "Ediacaran period", + "57268f05dd62a815002e8994": "Ediacaran", "57269016708984140094ca41": "all other animals", - "57269016708984140094ca42": "sponges", + "57269016708984140094ca42": "Porifera (sponges", "572691bedd62a815002e89dc": "beroids", - "572691bedd62a815002e89dd": "monophyletic", + "572691bedd62a815002e89dd": "monophyletic and concluded that the last common ancestor of modern ctenophores was cydippid-like", "572691bedd62a815002e89de": "65.5 million years ago", "572691bedd62a815002e89df": "Richard Harbison", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4d": "Fresno", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4e": "220 miles (350 km) northwest", - "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4f": "ash tree", - "5725ce4d38643c19005acd50": "an ash leaf", - "5725ce4d38643c19005acd51": "Fresno", + "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4f": "\"ash tree", + "5725ce4d38643c19005acd50": "ash leaf", + "5725ce4d38643c19005acd51": "ash tree", "5725cfd0271a42140099d225": "1872", - "5725cfd0271a42140099d226": "convenience of the railroad", + "5725cfd0271a42140099d226": "Millerton residents", "5725cfd0271a42140099d227": "1885", "5725cfd0271a42140099d228": "47", - "5725cfd0271a42140099d229": "the Central Pacific Railroad", - "5725d183271a42140099d23d": "2.7%", + "5725cfd0271a42140099d229": "Central Pacific Railroad", + "5725d183271a42140099d23d": "2.7", "5725d183271a42140099d23e": "Chinatown", "5725d183271a42140099d23f": "Pinedale", - "5725d183271a42140099d240": "the site of the Pinedale Assembly Center", + "5725d183271a42140099d240": "North Fresno, was the site of the Pinedale Assembly Center", "5725d183271a42140099d241": "assembly center", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d639": "BankAmericard", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63a": "BankAmericard in Fresno. After a troubled gestation during which its creator resigned, BankAmericard", @@ -4700,7 +4700,7 @@ "5725d662ec44d21400f3d689": "Kearney Park", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68a": "Woodward Park", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68b": "Kearney Park", - "5725d7e438643c19005acdf9": "Between the 1880s and World War II", + "5725d7e438643c19005acdf9": "1880s and World War II", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfa": "the Hughes Hotel", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfb": "San Joaquin Light & Power Building", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfc": "Hughes Hotel", @@ -4710,31 +4710,31 @@ "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b6": "near their current locations", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b7": "wide sidewalks", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c5": "far southeast side", - "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c6": "Kings Canyon Avenue and Clovis Avenue", + "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c6": "Kings Canyon Avenue", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c7": "1950s through the 1970s", - "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c8": "Fresno's far southeast side", + "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c8": "the home of the Sunnyside Country Club", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c9": "William P. Bell", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfea": "Tower Theatre", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfeb": "1939", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfec": "a well-known landmark water tower", - "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfed": "California State University at Fresno", + "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfed": "Fresno Normal School", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfee": "one-half mile", - "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d7": "late 1970s", - "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d8": "second and third run movies", + "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d7": "1970s", + "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d8": "second and third run movies, along with classic films", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d9": "1978", - "5725e1c4271a42140099d2da": "Fresno", + "5725e1c4271a42140099d2da": "Fresno native", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2db": "Evita and The Wiz", - "5725e45689a1e219009ac048": "live theater", - "5725e45689a1e219009ac049": "within a few hundred feet", - "5725e45689a1e219009ac04a": "the Tower District", - "5725e45689a1e219009ac04b": "Tower District has become an attractive area for restaurant and other local businesses. Today, the Tower District", + "5725e45689a1e219009ac048": "restaurants, live theater", + "5725e45689a1e219009ac049": "few hundred feet", + "5725e45689a1e219009ac04a": "Tower District", + "5725e45689a1e219009ac04b": "Tower District", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04c": "Tower District", - "5725e748ec44d21400f3d733": "early twentieth century", - "5725e748ec44d21400f3d734": "Storybook houses", - "5725e748ec44d21400f3d735": "contrasts with the newer areas of tract homes urban sprawl", - "5725e748ec44d21400f3d736": "decades", + "5725e748ec44d21400f3d733": "California Bungalow and American Craftsman style", + "5725e748ec44d21400f3d734": "Storybook", + "5725e748ec44d21400f3d735": "The residential architecture of the Tower District contrasts with the newer areas of tract homes urban sprawl", + "5725e748ec44d21400f3d736": "early twentieth century homes, many of which have been restored in recent decades", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0ae": "Huntington Boulevard", - "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0af": "William Stranahan for the Pacific Improvement Corporation", + "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0af": "William Stranahan", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b0": "1914", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b1": "267", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b2": "Fresno Traction Company", @@ -4742,50 +4742,50 @@ "5725edfe38643c19005acea0": "southwest", "5725edfe38643c19005acea1": "African-American", "5725edfe38643c19005acea2": "Hmong or Laotian", - "5725edfe38643c19005acea3": "west of the 41 freeway", + "5725edfe38643c19005acea3": "Southwest Fresno", "5725f00938643c19005aced7": "M. Theo Kearney", - "5725f00938643c19005aced8": "tall palm", + "5725f00938643c19005aced8": "tall palm trees", "5725f00938643c19005aced9": "Thorne Ave", "5725f00938643c19005aceda": "Brookhaven", - "5725f00938643c19005acedb": "violent crime", + "5725f00938643c19005acedb": "Dogg Pound", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d76f": "1960s and 1990s", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d770": "Fresno and B streets", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d771": "Cargill Meat Solutions and Foster Farms", - "5725f190ec44d21400f3d772": "the West Side", + "5725f190ec44d21400f3d772": "West Side", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d773": "very little", "5725f2c838643c19005aceed": "Ralph Woodward", - "5725f2c838643c19005aceee": "300", + "5725f2c838643c19005aceee": "300 acres (1.2 km2", "5725f2c838643c19005aceef": "2,500", "5725f2c838643c19005acef0": "22 miles", "5725f2c838643c19005acef1": "April through October", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fa": "1946", - "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fb": "Developer William Smilie", - "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fc": "Sierra Sky Park Airport", + "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fb": "William Smilie", + "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fc": "Sierra Sky Park", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fd": "automobiles", - "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fe": "numerous", - "5725f5b1271a42140099d371": "hot and dry", + "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fe": "numerous such communities across the United States and around the world", + "5725f5b1271a42140099d371": "Mediterranean", "5725f5b1271a42140099d372": "July", "5725f5b1271a42140099d373": "11.5 inches", "5725f5b1271a42140099d374": "the northwest", "5725f5b1271a42140099d375": "December, January and February", - "5725f6e138643c19005acf19": "115", + "5725f6e138643c19005acf19": "115 \u00b0F (46.1 \u00b0C), set on July 8, 1905", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1a": "January 6, 1913", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1b": "1885", - "5725f6e138643c19005acf1c": "rarity", - "5725f6e138643c19005acf1d": "3.55 inches", + "5725f6e138643c19005acf1c": "2.2 inches (0.06 m) on January 21, 1962", + "5725f6e138643c19005acf1d": "3.55 inches (90.2 mm) on November 18, 1885", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf23": "494,665", - "5725f7cd38643c19005acf24": "30", + "5725f7cd38643c19005acf24": "30.0%", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf25": "8,525", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf26": "30.0%", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf27": "4,404.5", - "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b1": "68,511", - "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b2": "19.3%)", + "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b1": "68,511 (43.3%)", + "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b2": "30,547 (19.3%)", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b3": "1,388 (0.9%)", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b4": "3.07. There were 111,529 families (70.4% of all households); the average family size was 3.62", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b5": "3.07", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac128": "427,652", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac129": "149,025", - "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12a": "8", + "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12a": "8.4", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12b": "about a third", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12c": "4,097.9", "5725fb8138643c19005acf3f": "the Federal Communications Commission", @@ -4794,129 +4794,129 @@ "5725fb8138643c19005acf42": "NBC affiliate KSEE", "5725fb8138643c19005acf43": "KGPE", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ad": "State Route 99", - "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ae": "the Sierra Freeway", + "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ae": "Sierra Freeway", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3af": "Eisenhower Freeway", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3b0": "west", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7dd": "Fresno", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7de": "1950s", - "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7df": "99", - "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7e0": "Due to rapidly raising population and traffic in cities along SR 99, as well as the desirability of Federal funding", + "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7df": "State Route 99", + "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7e0": "rapidly raising population and traffic in cities along SR 99, as well as the desirability of Federal funding", "5725ff8238643c19005acf49": "Amtrak", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4a": "Downtown Fresno", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4b": "Union Pacific Railroad", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4c": "San Joaquin Valley Railroad", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4d": "Fresno", "5725d34089a1e219009abf50": "Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching", - "5725d34089a1e219009abf51": "a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages", - "5725d34089a1e219009abf52": "the theretofore established principles of pre-allocation of network bandwidth", + "5725d34089a1e219009abf51": "telecommunication messages", + "5725d34089a1e219009abf52": "pre-allocation of network bandwidth", "5725d34089a1e219009abf53": "packet switching", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc2f": "Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching", - "572632ceec44d21400f3dc30": "Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching", + "572632ceec44d21400f3dc30": "telecommunication messages", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc31": "Donald Davies", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf78": "circuit switching", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf79": "a fee per unit of connection time", - "5725d52f89a1e219009abf7a": "a fee", + "5725d52f89a1e219009abf7a": "a fee per unit of information transmitted, such as characters, packets, or messages", "572634a789a1e219009ac56c": "circuit switching", - "572634a789a1e219009ac56d": "a fee", - "572634a789a1e219009ac56e": "a fee", - "572634a789a1e219009ac56f": "a fee", - "5726219489a1e219009ac2ce": "asynchronously", - "5726219489a1e219009ac2cf": "asynchronously", + "572634a789a1e219009ac56d": "pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth", + "572634a789a1e219009ac56e": "a fee per unit of connection time", + "572634a789a1e219009ac56f": "a fee per unit of information transmitted, such as characters, packets, or messages", + "5726219489a1e219009ac2ce": "intermediate forwarding nodes", + "5726219489a1e219009ac2cf": "asynchronously using first-in, first-out buffering", "5726219489a1e219009ac2d0": "multiple access scheme", - "5726356938643c19005ad2ff": "asynchronously", - "5726356938643c19005ad300": "asynchronously", + "5726356938643c19005ad2ff": "intermediate forwarding nodes", + "5726356938643c19005ad300": "asynchronously using first-in, first-out buffering", "5726356938643c19005ad301": "multiple access scheme", - "5726249538643c19005ad07f": "the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching", + "5726249538643c19005ad07f": "distributed adaptive message block switching", "5726249538643c19005ad080": "distributed adaptive message block switching", "5726249538643c19005ad081": "three key ideas", "5726249538643c19005ad082": "store and forward switching", - "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4a": "RAND report P-2626", + "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4a": "a general architecture for a large-scale, distributed, survivable communications network", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4c": "store and forward switching", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc49": "distributed adaptive message block switching", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4b": "three key ideas", "572629c6271a42140099d6a3": "message routing methodology", "572629c6271a42140099d6a4": "packet switching", - "572629c6271a42140099d6a5": "a nationwide network", + "572629c6271a42140099d6a5": "nationwide network", "572629c6271a42140099d6a6": "ARPANET", "5726378238643c19005ad313": "Donald Davies", "5726378238643c19005ad314": "packet switching", - "5726378238643c19005ad315": "it for use", + "5726378238643c19005ad315": "ARPANET", "5726385e271a42140099d797": "complete addressing information", "5726385e271a42140099d798": "individually", "5726385e271a42140099d799": "complete addressing information", - "5726385e271a42140099d79a": "reassembled in the correct order", + "5726385e271a42140099d79a": "the original message/data is reassembled", "5726398589a1e219009ac58b": "small", - "5726398589a1e219009ac58a": "the connection id", - "5726398589a1e219009ac589": "a connection identifier", + "5726398589a1e219009ac58a": "connection id", + "5726398589a1e219009ac589": "The packets", "5726398589a1e219009ac588": "a setup phase", "57263b1638643c19005ad333": "a handshake", - "57263b1638643c19005ad335": "the Internet Protocol", - "57263b1638643c19005ad334": "connection-oriented operations", - "57263b1638643c19005ad336": "Frame relay", + "57263b1638643c19005ad335": "Internet Protocol", + "57263b1638643c19005ad334": "interconnect LANs across wide area networks", + "57263b1638643c19005ad336": "a limited amount of traffic to be passed across the UNI without the connection-oriented handshake", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7b": "1969", - "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7c": "virtual call system", + "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7c": "Two fundamental differences involved the division of functions and tasks between the hosts at the edge of the network and the network core", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7d": "sequenced delivery of data", - "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7e": "virtual call", - "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8d": "a proprietary suite of networking protocols", - "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8e": "features that allowed", + "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7e": "this network type", + "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8d": "a proprietary suite of networking protocols developed by Apple Inc. in 1985 for Apple Macintosh computers", + "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8e": "local area networks", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8f": "addresses", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc90": "plug-n-play", - "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a2": "CYCLADES packet switching network", - "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a3": "the first network to make the hosts responsible for reliable delivery of data", - "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a4": "the", - "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a5": "ARPANET architecture", - "57263ea0271a42140099d7c3": "a suite of network protocols", + "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a2": "CYCLADES packet switching network was a French research network designed and directed by Louis Pouzin", + "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a3": "the hosts responsible for reliable delivery of data", + "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a4": "the hosts responsible for reliable delivery of data", + "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a5": "Concepts of this network influenced later ARPANET architecture", + "57263ea0271a42140099d7c3": "Digital Equipment Corporation", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c4": "connect two PDP-11 minicomputers", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c5": "seven", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c6": "open standards", - "57263fd138643c19005ad37b": "Warner Sinback", - "57263fd138643c19005ad37c": "computer service bureaus", - "57263fd138643c19005ad37d": "profitable", + "57263fd138643c19005ad37b": "high-level marketing manager", + "57263fd138643c19005ad37c": "Schenectady", + "57263fd138643c19005ad37d": "a time-sharing system, based on Kemney's work at Dartmouth\u2014which used a computer on loan from GE\u2014could be profitable", "57263fd138643c19005ad37e": "a time-sharing system, based on Kemney's work at Dartmouth\u2014which used a computer on loan from GE\u2014could be profitable", "5726414e271a42140099d7e5": "1966", - "5726414e271a42140099d7e6": "connections to the CDC mainframe", - "5726414e271a42140099d7e7": "All of this", + "5726414e271a42140099d7e6": "the CDC mainframe", + "5726414e271a42140099d7e7": "All of this set the stage for Merit's role in the NSFNET project starting in the mid-1980s", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf5": "the first FCC-licensed public data network", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf6": "Larry Roberts", - "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf7": "the United States. It was founded by former ARPA IPTO director Larry Roberts as a means of making ARPANET technology public.", - "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf8": "X.25", + "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf7": "the first FCC-licensed public data network", + "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf8": "X.25 and the terminal interface to X.29", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf9": "GTE", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd13": "an international data communications network", - "5726431aec44d21400f3dd14": "data communications", + "5726431aec44d21400f3dd14": "dozens of other public networks", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd15": "virtual call packet switched technology", - "5726431aec44d21400f3dd16": "build their own dedicated networks", - "5726431aec44d21400f3dd17": "dedicated networks", - "572643de5951261400b5195a": "two kinds", + "5726431aec44d21400f3dd16": "dedicated networks", + "5726431aec44d21400f3dd17": "The private networks", + "572643de5951261400b5195a": "two", "572643de5951261400b5195b": "Bell Northern Research", - "572643de5951261400b5195c": "interconnection", - "5726446a89cfff1900a8404d": "AUSTPAC was Australia's first public packet-switched data network", - "5726446a89cfff1900a8404e": "applications such as on-line betting, financial applications", - "5726446a89cfff1900a8404f": "linking a permanent X.25 node", + "572643de5951261400b5195c": "Deutsche Bundespost", + "5726446a89cfff1900a8404d": "the early 1980s, AUSTPAC was Australia's first public packet-switched data network", + "5726446a89cfff1900a8404e": "financial applications", + "5726446a89cfff1900a8404f": "permanent X.25 node", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac6": "the public switched data network", - "57264586f1498d1400e8dac7": "Telepad", + "57264586f1498d1400e8dac7": "the network and the connected users", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac8": "Telepad", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac9": "incorrect", - "5726462b708984140094c117": "The Computer Science Network", - "5726462b708984140094c118": "Its purpose", - "5726462b708984140094c119": "networking benefits", - "5726472bdd62a815002e8042": "a not-for-profit United States computer networking consortium", + "5726462b708984140094c117": "Computer Science Network", + "5726462b708984140094c118": "to extend networking benefits", + "5726462b708984140094c119": "ARPANET", + "5726472bdd62a815002e8042": "the Internet2 Network", "5726472bdd62a815002e8043": "Level 3 Communications", "5726472bdd62a815002e8044": "Abilene", "5726472bdd62a815002e8045": "Level 3 Communications", - "5726472bdd62a815002e8046": "Abilene", - "572647e2dd62a815002e805c": "The National Science Foundation Network", + "5726472bdd62a815002e8046": "the Internet2 Network", + "572647e2dd62a815002e805c": "National Science Foundation Network", "572647e2dd62a815002e805d": "advanced research and education networking", - "572647e2dd62a815002e805e": "the Internet backbone", + "572647e2dd62a815002e805e": "Internet backbone", "572648d1708984140094c15d": "Very high-speed Backbone Network Service", "572648d1708984140094c15e": "Very high-speed Backbone Network Service", "572648d1708984140094c15f": "MCI Telecommunications", - "572648d1708984140094c160": "1998", - "572648d1708984140094c161": "OC-48c", + "572648d1708984140094c160": "100", + "572648d1708984140094c161": "OC-48c (2.5 Gbit/s) IP links", "57264684708984140094c123": "Central Asia", - "57264684708984140094c124": "by Oriental rat fleas", + "57264684708984140094c124": "Oriental rat fleas", "57264684708984140094c125": "30\u201360%", "57264684708984140094c126": "17th century", - "57264684708984140094c127": "the 14th century", + "57264684708984140094c127": "19th century", "572647935951b619008f6ec9": "commonly present", "572647935951b619008f6eca": "1338\u201339", "572647935951b619008f6ecb": "China", @@ -4924,85 +4924,85 @@ "572647935951b619008f6ecd": "25 million", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0a": "Genoese traders", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0b": "Jani Beg", - "57264845f1498d1400e8db0c": "the infected corpses", - "57264845f1498d1400e8db0d": "Kaffa", + "57264845f1498d1400e8db0c": "infected corpses", + "57264845f1498d1400e8db0d": "Kaffa in the Crimea", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0e": "several existing conditions", - "572648ed5951b619008f6f03": "northwest", - "572648ed5951b619008f6f04": "Italy", - "572648ed5951b619008f6f05": "smaller trade", + "572648ed5951b619008f6f03": "northwest across Europe, striking France, Spain, Portugal and England by June 1348, then turned and spread east", + "572648ed5951b619008f6f04": "northwestern Russia", + "572648ed5951b619008f6f05": "Kingdom of Poland", "572648ed5951b619008f6f06": "Germany and Scandinavia", "572648ed5951b619008f6f07": "1349", - "57264991f1498d1400e8db2e": "leading to serious depopulation", + "57264991f1498d1400e8db2e": "serious depopulation", "57264991f1498d1400e8db2f": "autumn 1347", - "57264991f1498d1400e8db30": "probably through the port's trade", - "57264991f1498d1400e8db31": "north", + "57264991f1498d1400e8db30": "port's trade with Constantinople, and ports on the Black Sea", + "57264991f1498d1400e8db31": "Asia Minor", "57264a74708984140094c18b": "Gasquet", - "57264a74708984140094c18c": "atra mors (Black Death", + "57264a74708984140094c18c": "atra mors", "57264a74708984140094c18d": "J.I. Pontanus", "57264a74708984140094c18e": "1823", - "57264a74708984140094c18f": "Scandinavia and then Germany", - "57264b3edd62a815002e80aa": "the heavens", - "57264b3edd62a815002e80ab": "the king of France", - "57264b3edd62a815002e80ac": "Miasma theory", + "57264a74708984140094c18f": "The name spread through Scandinavia and then Germany", + "57264b3edd62a815002e80aa": "bad air", + "57264b3edd62a815002e80ab": "king of France", + "57264b3edd62a815002e80ac": "Miasma", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ad": "Miasma theory", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c6": "Yersinia pestis", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c7": "Hong Kong", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c8": "Alexandre Yersin", - "57264c42dd62a815002e80c9": "mechanism", + "57264c42dd62a815002e80c9": "The mechanism", "57264c42dd62a815002e80ca": "two populations of rodents", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e4": "Francis Aidan Gasquet", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e5": "bubonic plague", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e6": "1908", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e7": "bubonic plague", - "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e8": "Justinian plague", + "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e8": "the ordinary Eastern or bubonic plague", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7a": "30\u201375%", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7b": "38\u201341 \u00b0C", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7c": "80 percent", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7d": "90 to 95 percent", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7e": "purple skin patches", "57264e2f708984140094c1e1": "October 2010", - "57264e2f708984140094c1e2": "into", + "57264e2f708984140094c1e2": "Yersinia pestis", "57264e2f708984140094c1e3": "Polymerase Chain Reaction", - "57264e2f708984140094c1e4": "tooth sockets", - "57264e2f708984140094c1e5": "into", - "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbae": "genetic branches", - "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbaf": "modern Y. pestis strains Y. p. orientalis and Y. p. medievalis", + "57264e2f708984140094c1e4": "tooth sockets in human skeletons from mass graves in northern, central and southern Europe", + "57264e2f708984140094c1e5": "unambiguously demonstrates that Y. pestis was the causative agent", + "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbae": "two previously unknown but related clades (genetic branches", + "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbaf": "Y. p. orientalis and Y. p. medievalis", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb0": "two waves", - "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb1": "around November 1347", - "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb2": "1349", - "57264fe65951b619008f6fa1": "the disease.", + "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb1": "1347", + "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb2": "spring of 1349", + "57264fe65951b619008f6fa1": "no longer exist.\"", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa2": "East Smithfield burial site in England", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa3": "no longer exist", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa4": "October 2011", "5726509bdd62a815002e815a": "J. F. D. Shrewsbury", - "5726509bdd62a815002e815b": "inconsistent with the modern bubonic plague", - "5726509bdd62a815002e815c": "that contemporary accounts were exaggerations", - "5726509bdd62a815002e815d": "the bubonic plague", + "5726509bdd62a815002e815b": "inconsistent with the modern bubonic plague, leading him to conclude that contemporary accounts were exaggerations", + "5726509bdd62a815002e815c": "exaggerations", + "5726509bdd62a815002e815d": "zoologist Graham Twigg produced the first major work to challenge the bubonic plague", "5726509bdd62a815002e815e": "Samuel K. Cohn", - "5726516a708984140094c223": "an epidemiological account", + "5726516a708984140094c223": "epidemiological account", "5726516a708984140094c224": "lack of reliable statistics", - "5726516a708984140094c225": "over 100%", + "5726516a708984140094c225": "100%", "5726516a708984140094c226": "the clergy", "5726516a708984140094c227": "1377", - "57265285708984140094c25b": "insufficient", - "57265285708984140094c25c": "marginal", + "57265285708984140094c25b": "insufficient to account for a bubonic plague pandemic", + "57265285708984140094c25c": "marginal significance", "57265285708984140094c25d": "too cold", "57265285708984140094c25e": "much faster", "57265285708984140094c25f": "5 to 15 years", - "5726534d708984140094c26d": "a form of anthrax", - "5726534d708984140094c26e": "a form of anthrax", - "5726534d708984140094c26f": "bubonic plague", - "5726534d708984140094c270": "septicemic (a type of \"blood poisoning", + "5726534d708984140094c26d": "anthrax", + "5726534d708984140094c26e": "2001", + "5726534d708984140094c26f": "respiratory infections", + "5726534d708984140094c270": "blood poisoning\") and pneumonic (an airborne plague that attacks the lungs", "5726534d708984140094c271": "25", - "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc28": "a third", - "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc29": "Half", - "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2a": "at least some pre-planning and Christian burials", + "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc28": "about a third", + "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc29": "Half of Paris's population of 100,000", + "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2a": "well-preserved individuals to be buried in isolated, evenly spaced graves", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2b": "50%", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2c": "the most isolated", - "572654e2708984140094c2b7": "throughout the 14th to 17th centuries", - "572654e2708984140094c2b8": "According to Biraben", + "572654e2708984140094c2b7": "14th to 17th centuries", + "572654e2708984140094c2b8": "every year", "572654e2708984140094c2b9": "almost a million", - "5726559edd62a815002e81c8": "a range of preincident population figures", + "5726559edd62a815002e81c8": "a range of preincident population figures from as high as 7 million", "5726559edd62a815002e81c9": "1350", "5726559edd62a815002e81ca": "10\u201315%", "5726559edd62a815002e81cb": "1665", @@ -5012,92 +5012,92 @@ "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6c": "1654", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6a": "22", "57265700dd62a815002e820e": "1.7 million", - "57265700dd62a815002e820f": "about half", + "57265700dd62a815002e820f": "about half of Naples' 300,000", "57265700dd62a815002e8210": "half", - "57265700dd62a815002e8211": "Sweden v. Russia and allies", + "57265700dd62a815002e8211": "Sweden v. Russia and allies) killed about 100,000 in Sweden, and 300,000 in Prussia", "57265700dd62a815002e8212": "1720", "5726577f708984140094c301": "1500 and 1850", "5726577f708984140094c302": "30 to 50 thousand", - "5726577f708984140094c303": "the second quarter of the 19th century", + "5726577f708984140094c303": "19th century", "5726577f708984140094c304": "two-thirds", - "572657d9dd62a815002e8230": "magma", - "572657d9dd62a815002e8231": "a sedimentary rock, or be turned into a metamorphic rock", + "572657d9dd62a815002e8230": "melt", + "572657d9dd62a815002e8231": "a metamorphic rock", "572657d9dd62a815002e8232": "a new magma", "572657d9dd62a815002e8233": "three major types of rock", - "572657d9dd62a815002e8234": "heat and pressure", + "572657d9dd62a815002e8234": "heat and pressure that change the mineral content of the rock which gives it a characteristic fabric", "57265d08708984140094c397": "seafloor spreading", "57265d08708984140094c398": "the crust", "57265d08708984140094c399": "asthenosphere", - "57265d08708984140094c39a": "convection of the mantle", + "57265d08708984140094c39a": "the convecting mantle", "57265d08708984140094c39b": "1960s", - "57265f605951b619008f70db": "divergent boundaries", + "57265f605951b619008f70db": "Mid-ocean ridges, high regions on the seafloor where hydrothermal vents and volcanoes exist, were explained as divergent boundaries", "57265f605951b619008f70dc": "convergent boundaries", - "57265f605951b619008f70dd": "Transform boundaries", + "57265f605951b619008f70dd": "Transform boundaries, such as the San Andreas fault system", "57265f605951b619008f70de": "Alfred Wegener", "57265f605951b619008f70df": "convecting mantle", - "57266193dd62a815002e832a": "arrival times of seismic waves in reverse", + "57266193dd62a815002e832a": "the arrival times of seismic waves in reverse", "57266193dd62a815002e832b": "liquid outer core", - "57266193dd62a815002e832d": "mantle below (separated within itself by seismic discontinuities at 410 and 660 kilometers", - "57266193dd62a815002e832e": "wave speeds", + "57266193dd62a815002e832d": "410 and 660 kilometers", + "57266193dd62a815002e832e": "the arrival times of seismic waves", "57266193dd62a815002e832c": "the outer core and inner core", - "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf2": "the present, but this compresses the most recent eon. Therefore, the second scale", - "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf4": "the Quaternary", - "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf5": "Pleistocene", - "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf6": "the right, another reason for expanding the fourth scale. The Pleistocene (P) epoch. Q stands for the Quaternary period", + "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf2": "the most recent eon with an expanded scale", + "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf4": "Quaternary", + "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf5": "Holocene", + "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf6": "Quaternary period", "572665ff708984140094c4c3": "cross-cutting relationships", - "572665ff708984140094c4c4": "the formations that were cut are older than the fault, and the ones that are not cut must be younger than the fault. Finding the key bed", - "572665ff708984140094c4c5": "key bed", - "572665ff708984140094c4c6": "rocks they cut; accordingly, if a fault is found that penetrates some formations", + "572665ff708984140094c4c4": "the formations that were cut are older than the fault, and the ones that are not cut must be younger than the fault", + "572665ff708984140094c4c5": "the key bed", + "572665ff708984140094c4c6": "the formations that were cut are older than the fault, and the ones that are not cut must be younger than the fault.", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de90": "xenoliths", - "572667e2f1498d1400e8de91": "magma or lava flows", - "572667e2f1498d1400e8de92": "components", + "572667e2f1498d1400e8de91": "magma", + "572667e2f1498d1400e8de92": "clasts", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de93": "The principle of inclusions and components", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de94": "gravel", "572669a9dd62a815002e8416": "faunal succession", "572669a9dd62a815002e8417": "William Smith", - "572669a9dd62a815002e8418": "quite complex", + "572669a9dd62a815002e8418": "complex", "572669a9dd62a815002e8419": "organisms", "572669a9dd62a815002e841a": "Charles Darwin", - "57266c015951b619008f7237": "At the beginning of the 20th century", + "57266c015951b619008f7237": "beginning of the 20th century", "57266c015951b619008f7238": "stratigraphic", "57266c015951b619008f7239": "new absolute ages", "57266c015951b619008f723a": "one another", "57266c015951b619008f723b": "rock units", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8c": "Thermochemical", - "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8d": "its particular closure temperature", + "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8d": "closure temperature", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8e": "isotope ratios of radioactive elements", - "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8f": "Dating", - "5726701add62a815002e84c8": "horizontal", - "5726701add62a815002e84c9": "the shallow crust", + "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8f": "Dating of lava and volcanic ash layers", + "5726701add62a815002e84c8": "horizontal compression", + "5726701add62a815002e84c9": "shallow crust", "5726701add62a815002e84ca": "antiforms", "5726701add62a815002e84cb": "synforms", - "5726701add62a815002e84cc": "anticlines and synclines, respectively", + "5726701add62a815002e84cc": "anticlines and synclines", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe4": "Extension", - "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe5": "boudins, after the French word for \"sausage", - "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe6": "there is a location", + "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe5": "boudins", + "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe6": "Maria Fold and Thrust Belt", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe7": "metamorphosed", - "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe8": "a whole to become longer and thinner. This is primarily accomplished through normal faulting", + "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe8": "longer and thinner", "572673f5708984140094c69b": "Dikes", - "572673f5708984140094c69c": "along cracks", + "572673f5708984140094c69c": "cracks", "572673f5708984140094c69d": "topographic", "572673f5708984140094c69e": "Continual motion", "572673f5708984140094c69f": "Deformational", "57267640f1498d1400e8e074": "layered basaltic lava flows", - "57267640f1498d1400e8e075": "the Slave craton", - "57267640f1498d1400e8e076": "sedimentary rocks", + "57267640f1498d1400e8e075": "Acasta gneiss of the Slave craton in northwestern Canada", + "57267640f1498d1400e8e076": "lower rock units", "57267640f1498d1400e8e077": "Cambrian time", - "57267640f1498d1400e8e078": "the Slave craton in northwestern Canada", - "572677e7708984140094c723": "study of rocks", - "572677e7708984140094c724": "study of sedimentary layers", - "572677e7708984140094c725": "structural geology (the study of positions of rock units and their deformation", - "572677e7708984140094c726": "soils, rivers, landscapes, and glaciers", - "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ec": "identifying rocks", - "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ed": "birefringence, pleochroism, twinning, and interference", - "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ee": "geochemical evolution of rock units", + "57267640f1498d1400e8e078": "Slave craton in northwestern Canada", + "572677e7708984140094c723": "rocks", + "572677e7708984140094c724": "sedimentary layers", + "572677e7708984140094c725": "positions of rock units and their deformation", + "572677e7708984140094c726": "soils", + "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ec": "individual locations are analyzed for their exact chemical compositions", + "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ed": "birefringence, pleochroism, twinning, and interference properties", + "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ee": "geochemical evolution", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ef": "laboratory", - "57267947f1498d1400e8e0f0": "optical microscopy", - "57267b3c5951b619008f7423": "perform high temperature and pressure physical experiments", - "57267b3c5951b619008f7424": "perform high temperature and pressure physical experiments", + "57267947f1498d1400e8e0f0": "petrographic", + "57267b3c5951b619008f7423": "high temperature and pressure physical experiments", + "57267b3c5951b619008f7424": "fluid inclusion data and perform high temperature and pressure physical experiments", "57267b3c5951b619008f7425": "metamorphic processes", "57267d52708984140094c7d9": "Structural geologists", "57267d52708984140094c7da": "microscopic analysis", @@ -5106,42 +5106,42 @@ "57267ebfdd62a815002e872c": "orogenic wedges", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872d": "orogenic wedges", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872e": "sand", - "57267ebfdd62a815002e872f": "critically tapered (all angles remain the same) orogenic wedge", + "57267ebfdd62a815002e872f": "all angles remain the same) orogenic wedge", "57267ebfdd62a815002e8730": "Numerical models work in the same way as these analog models", "57268066708984140094c821": "stratigraphers", "57268066708984140094c822": "geophysical", "57268066708984140094c823": "well logs", "57268066708984140094c824": "computer programs", "57268066708984140094c825": "water, coal, and hydrocarbon", - "57268220f1498d1400e8e218": "in order", + "57268220f1498d1400e8e218": "Geochronologists", "57268220f1498d1400e8e216": "biostratigraphers", "57268220f1498d1400e8e219": "Magnetic stratigraphers", "57268220f1498d1400e8e217": "Geochronologists", "572683f95951b619008f7525": "Persia", "572683f95951b619008f7526": "Abu al-Rayhan al-Biruni", "572683f95951b619008f7527": "Shen Kuo", - "572683f95951b619008f7528": "Abu al-Rayhan al-Biruni", - "572683f95951b619008f7529": "his observation of fossil animal shells", + "572683f95951b619008f7528": "Ibn Sina", + "572683f95951b619008f7529": "fossil animal shells", "57268527708984140094c8bf": "James Hutton", "57268527708984140094c8c0": "Theory of the Earth", "57268527708984140094c8c1": "1795", "57268527708984140094c8c2": "Theory of the Earth", "572686ac5951b619008f75a9": "William Maclure", "572686ac5951b619008f75aa": "1809", - "572686ac5951b619008f75ab": "1807", - "572686ac5951b619008f75ad": "the U.", - "572686ac5951b619008f75ac": "the American Philosophical Society", + "572686ac5951b619008f75ab": "1809", + "572686ac5951b619008f75ad": "Observations on the Geology of the United States explanatory of a Geological Map", + "572686ac5951b619008f75ac": "American Philosophical Society", "57268882f1498d1400e8e306": "Principles of Geology", "57268882f1498d1400e8e307": "uniformitarianism", - "57268882f1498d1400e8e308": "uniformitarianism", + "57268882f1498d1400e8e308": "This theory states that slow geological processes have occurred throughout the Earth's history and are still occurring today. In contrast, catastrophism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e309": "catastrophism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e30a": "Charles Darwin", - "5726642f5951b619008f7157": "103 miles", - "5726642f5951b619008f7158": "8.5 mi", + "5726642f5951b619008f7157": "103", + "5726642f5951b619008f7158": "8.5", "5726642f5951b619008f7159": "Eurocities", "5726642f5951b619008f715a": "Northumberland", "5726642f5951b619008f715b": "Geordie", - "5726651ff1498d1400e8de30": "Robert Curthose", + "5726651ff1498d1400e8de30": "Robert Curthose, William the Conqueror's eldest son", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de31": "wool trade", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de32": "coal", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de33": "16th century", @@ -5149,76 +5149,76 @@ "5726660d5951b619008f71b1": "Pons Aelius", "5726660d5951b619008f71b2": "River Tyne", "5726660d5951b619008f71b3": "2,000", - "5726660d5951b619008f71b4": "Hadrian", - "5726660d5951b619008f71b5": "Pictish tribes", + "5726660d5951b619008f71b4": "Hadrian's Wall", + "5726660d5951b619008f71b5": "Pictish", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b4": "England", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b5": "Elizabeth", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b6": "25-foot (7.6 m", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b7": "William the Lion", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b8": "three", "57266783f1498d1400e8de86": "coal", - "57266783f1498d1400e8de87": "the Hostmen", + "57266783f1498d1400e8de87": "Hostmen", "57266783f1498d1400e8de88": "a pointless pursuit", - "57266783f1498d1400e8de89": "an eccentric", + "57266783f1498d1400e8de89": "eccentric", "57266783f1498d1400e8de8a": "ruin him", - "57266a15f1498d1400e8def6": "their families", + "57266a15f1498d1400e8def6": "Sandgate area, to the east of the city and beside the river, resided the close-knit community of keelmen and their families", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def7": "boats", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def8": "7,000", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def9": "47%", - "57266a15f1498d1400e8defa": "devastating loss", + "57266a15f1498d1400e8defa": "the most devastating loss", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8434": "the King", - "57266ab3dd62a815002e8435": "the Scots", - "57266ab3dd62a815002e8436": "roaring drummes", - "57266ab3dd62a815002e8437": "Triumphing by a brave defence", + "57266ab3dd62a815002e8435": "Scots", + "57266ab3dd62a815002e8436": "('with roaring drummes", + "57266ab3dd62a815002e8437": "(\"Triumphing by a brave defence\")", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8438": "Charles I", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df53": "urbanization", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df54": "Maling company", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df55": "electric lighting", - "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df52": "prosperity", + "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df52": "shipbuilding and heavy engineering were central to the city's prosperity", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df56": "steam turbine", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df78": "medieval", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df79": "Narrow alleys", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7a": "Stairs", - "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7b": "modern", - "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7c": "a restaurant", + "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7b": "modern buildings as well as structures dating from the 15th\u201318th centuries", + "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7c": "28\u201330 Close", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a0": "Tyneside Classical", - "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a1": "the", + "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a1": "Tyneside Classical", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a2": "Grey Street", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a3": "1960s", - "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a4": "the Eldon Square Shopping Centre", - "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa4": "the Town Moor", - "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa5": "graze cattle", - "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa7": "The Hoppings", + "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a4": "Shopping Centre", + "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa4": "Town Moor", + "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa5": "graze", + "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa7": "Hoppings", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa8": "June", - "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa6": "freemen", - "57267076708984140094c601": "imposing new office developments", + "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa6": "King Harald V of Norway", + "57267076708984140094c601": "office developments", "57267076708984140094c602": "Gateshead Council", "57267076708984140094c603": "Norman Foster", - "57267076708984140094c604": "tourist promotion", + "57267076708984140094c604": "NewcastleGateshead", "57267076708984140094c605": "ten days", "572671165951b619008f72b7": "Grainger Town area", "572671165951b619008f72b8": "1835 and 1842", "572671165951b619008f72b9": "four stories", - "572671165951b619008f72ba": "244", - "572671e55951b619008f72d7": "the Butcher Market", + "572671165951b619008f72ba": ", 244", + "572671e55951b619008f72d7": "Butcher Market", "572671e55951b619008f72d8": "1835", "572671e55951b619008f72d9": "2000", "572671e55951b619008f72da": "a painting of this event", "572671e55951b619008f72db": "English Heritage", "57267383dd62a815002e8552": "oceanic", - "57267383dd62a815002e8553": "warming", + "57267383dd62a815002e8553": "warming influence of the Gulf Stream (via the North Atlantic Drift", "57267383dd62a815002e8554": "rain shadow", "57267383dd62a815002e8555": "January 1982", "57267383dd62a815002e8556": "inland Scandinavia", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03a": "2010", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03b": "Eldon Square Shopping Centre", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03c": "Bainbridge's", - "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03d": "by department", + "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03d": "department", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03e": "March 2007", - "5726769c708984140094c711": "shopping", - "5726769c708984140094c712": "suburban", + "5726769c708984140094c711": "Grainger Street", + "5726769c708984140094c712": "Outside the city centre", "5726769c708984140094c713": "Tesco", - "5726769c708984140094c714": "the MetroCentre", + "5726769c708984140094c714": "MetroCentre", "5726769c708984140094c715": "Gateshead", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ac": "Tyneside flat", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ad": "terraces", @@ -5227,38 +5227,38 @@ "5726778df1498d1400e8e0b0": "high density", "572678c0dd62a815002e863e": "7.8%),", "572678c0dd62a815002e863f": "5.9%,", - "572678c0dd62a815002e8640": "a handful of historic densely occupied, arguably overinflated markets", - "572678c0dd62a815002e8641": "authorities", - "572678c0dd62a815002e8642": "Harrogate, Cheltenham, Bath, inner London, Hastings, Brighton and Tunbridge Wells", + "572678c0dd62a815002e8640": "a handful of historic densely occupied", + "572678c0dd62a815002e8641": "local authorities: Harrogate, Cheltenham, Bath, inner London, Hastings, Brighton and Tunbridge Wells", + "572678c0dd62a815002e8642": "Tunbridge Wells", "572679c35951b619008f73db": "2001", - "572679c35951b619008f73dc": "metropolitan borough of Newcastle", + "572679c35951b619008f73dc": "metropolitan borough of Newcastle had a population of around 259,000", "572679c35951b619008f73dd": "student", "572679c35951b619008f73de": "Newcastle and Northumbria Universities", "572679c35951b619008f73df": "student", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e122": "37.8", - "57267a94f1498d1400e8e123": "ancestors", + "57267a94f1498d1400e8e123": "Scottish or Irish ancestors", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e124": "Border Reiver", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e125": "500 and 2,000", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e126": "1%", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a6": "Geordie", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a7": "Anglo-Saxon", - "57267b65dd62a815002e86a8": "many elements", - "57267b65dd62a815002e86a9": "the end of Roman Imperial rule.", + "57267b65dd62a815002e86a8": "many elements of the old language", + "57267b65dd62a815002e86a9": "strang", "57267b65dd62a815002e86aa": "stream", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d6": "Scandinavia", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d7": "Northern United Kingdom", - "57267c63dd62a815002e86d8": "Scots", - "57267c63dd62a815002e86d9": "Many words", + "57267c63dd62a815002e86d8": "go away\" or \"you're kidding\"), all appear to be used in Scots", + "57267c63dd62a815002e86d9": "Many", "57267c63dd62a815002e86da": "Dutch gooien", - "57267ce7708984140094c7c9": "a report", - "57267ce7708984140094c7ca": "noisiest", - "57267ce7708984140094c7cb": "80.4 decibels", + "57267ce7708984140094c7c9": "Ear Institute at the University College London", + "57267ce7708984140094c7ca": "80.4 decibels", + "57267ce7708984140094c7cb": "80.4", "57267ce7708984140094c7cc": "negative long-term impact on the health", - "57267ce7708984140094c7cd": "a motorway underpass", + "57267ce7708984140094c7cd": "motorway underpass", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e194": "Collingwood Street", - "57267de1f1498d1400e8e195": "a new indoor complex", + "57267de1f1498d1400e8e195": "a new indoor complex consisting of bars, upmarket clubs, restaurants and a 12-screen Empire multiplex cinema", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e196": "12", - "57267de1f1498d1400e8e197": "The Pink Triangle", + "57267de1f1498d1400e8e197": "'The Pink Triangle", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e198": "bars, caf\u00e9s and clubs", "57267f695951b619008f74bd": "theatre", "57267f695951b619008f74be": "Stephen Kemble", @@ -5266,29 +5266,29 @@ "57267f695951b619008f74c0": "21 January 1788", "57267f695951b619008f74c1": "Grey Street", "5726800add62a815002e8750": "theatres", - "5726800add62a815002e8751": "Theatre Royal on Grey Street", - "5726800add62a815002e8752": "the Royal Shakespeare Company", + "5726800add62a815002e8751": "Theatre Royal", + "5726800add62a815002e8752": "Royal Shakespeare Company", "5726800add62a815002e8753": "local talent", - "5726800add62a815002e8754": "the arts capital of the UK", - "572680865951b619008f74e7": "The Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle upon Tyne (popularly known as the 'Lit & Phil", + "5726800add62a815002e8754": "arts capital", + "572680865951b619008f74e7": "The Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle upon Tyne", "572680865951b619008f74e8": "8000", "572680865951b619008f74e9": "John and Benjamin Green", - "572680865951b619008f74ea": "its lecture theatre", + "572680865951b619008f74ea": "lecture theatre", "572680865951b619008f74eb": "Joseph Swan", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fa": "The Newcastle Beer Festival", - "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fb": "Spring bank holiday", - "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fc": "in March", - "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fd": "EAT! NewcastleGateshead, a festival of food and drink", - "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fe": "2 weeks", + "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fb": "May", + "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fc": "March", + "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fd": "EAT!", + "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fe": "2 weeks each year in mid June", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23c": "The Hoppings", - "57268341f1498d1400e8e23d": "every June", + "57268341f1498d1400e8e23d": "June", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23e": "Temperance Movement", - "57268341f1498d1400e8e23f": "cycling festival", - "57268341f1498d1400e8e240": "Northern Pride Festival and Parade", + "57268341f1498d1400e8e23f": "cycling", + "57268341f1498d1400e8e240": "The Northern Pride Festival", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24c": "Newcastle Mela", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24e": "Sage Gateshead Music and Arts Centre", - "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24f": "Design Event festival", - "572683e6f1498d1400e8e250": "East Asian", + "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24f": "Design Event festival\u2014an annual festival providing the public with an opportunity to see work by regional, national and international designers. The SAMA Festival", + "572683e6f1498d1400e8e250": "East Asian cultural festival is also held in early October", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24d": "NewcastleGateshead", "5726847f708984140094c8ab": "folk-rock", "5726847f708984140094c8ac": "1971", @@ -5301,11 +5301,11 @@ "57268525dd62a815002e8809": "Classic", "57268525dd62a815002e880a": "roof extension", "57268692dd62a815002e8826": "Centre for Life", - "57268692dd62a815002e8827": "life on Tyneside", + "57268692dd62a815002e8827": "life on Tyneside, including Tyneside's shipbuilding heritage", "57268692dd62a815002e8828": "shipbuilding", "57268692dd62a815002e8829": "2009", "57268692dd62a815002e882a": "Seven Stories", - "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e2": "On the Night of the Fire", + "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e2": "On the Night of the Fire (1939", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e3": "Get Carter", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e4": "gangster film, the 1988 film noir thriller", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e5": "Mike Figgis", @@ -5313,19 +5313,19 @@ "572687e1dd62a815002e8852": "Gosforth Park", "572687e1dd62a815002e8853": "Newcastle Eagles", "572687e1dd62a815002e8854": "Newcastle Diamonds", - "572687e1dd62a815002e8855": "Brough Park", + "572687e1dd62a815002e8855": "Brough Park in Byker", "572687e1dd62a815002e8856": "Blaydon Race", "57268885dd62a815002e886a": "6 miles", - "57268885dd62a815002e886b": "the Metro Light Rail system", + "57268885dd62a815002e886b": "Metro Light Rail", "57268885dd62a815002e886c": "20 minutes", - "57268885dd62a815002e886d": "over five million", - "57268885dd62a815002e886e": "over 90", - "572689385951b619008f761b": "the Victorian architecture", + "57268885dd62a815002e886d": "five million", + "57268885dd62a815002e886e": "90", + "572689385951b619008f761b": "Victorian architecture was enhanced; transforming the 19th century public portico", "572689385951b619008f761c": "six", "572689385951b619008f761d": "Queen Victoria", "572689385951b619008f761e": "Robert Stephenson", "572689385951b619008f761f": "Manors", - "572689b6dd62a815002e8890": "half-hourly frequency", + "572689b6dd62a815002e8890": "half-hourly frequency of trains to London King's Cross, with a journey time of about three hours", "572689b6dd62a815002e8891": "three hours", "572689b6dd62a815002e8892": "Edinburgh", "572689b6dd62a815002e8893": "CrossCountry", @@ -5334,56 +5334,56 @@ "57268a8fdd62a815002e88cf": "five", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d0": "deep-level", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d1": "A bridge", - "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d2": "over 37 million", + "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d2": "37 million", "57268bb25951b619008f7645": "Metro: All Change", "57268bb25951b619008f7646": "smart ticketing", "57268bb25951b619008f7647": "tracks, signalling and overhead wires", - "57268bb25951b619008f7648": "an entirely new fleet of trains", + "57268bb25951b619008f7648": "procurement of an entirely new fleet of trains", "57268bb25951b619008f7649": "trams", - "57268d1b708984140094c9cd": "the A1", + "57268d1b708984140094c9cd": "A1", "57268d1b708984140094c9ce": "A69", "57268d1b708984140094c9cf": "Great North Road", - "57268d1b708984140094c9d0": "many city centre roads", - "57268d1b708984140094c9d1": "the capacity of the Tyne Tunnel", - "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e6": "3", - "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e7": "two major bus stations in the city: Haymarket bus station and Eldon Square bus station", + "57268d1b708984140094c9d0": "roads between this and the A1's former alignment through the Tyne Tunnel were renumbered, with many city centre roads", + "57268d1b708984140094c9d1": "Tyne Tunnel", + "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e6": "Arriva North East", + "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e7": "two", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e8": "Stagecoach", - "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e9": "the Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Executive", + "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e9": "Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Executive", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3ea": "Go-Ahead", "57269120708984140094ca59": "1998", "57269120708984140094ca5a": "cycling", - "57269120708984140094ca5b": "healthy living", + "57269120708984140094ca5b": "healthy", "57269120708984140094ca5c": "one way streets", "57269120708984140094ca5d": "national networks", - "5726934f5951b619008f771d": "DFDS Seaways", - "5726934f5951b619008f771e": "end of October 2006", + "5726934f5951b619008f771d": "Danish DFDS Seaways", + "5726934f5951b619008f771e": "October 2006", "5726934f5951b619008f771f": "high fuel prices", "5726934f5951b619008f7720": "late 2008", "5726934f5951b619008f7721": "Thomson cruise lines", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4e": "eleven", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4f": "seven", - "57269526dd62a815002e8a50": "the Royal Grammar School", + "57269526dd62a815002e8a50": "Royal Grammar School", "57269526dd62a815002e8a51": "Newcastle College", "57269526dd62a815002e8a52": "state-Catholic", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6c": "two", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6d": "Newcastle University", - "57269698dd62a815002e8a6e": "Sunday Times University of the Year award", - "57269698dd62a815002e8a6f": "became the University of Northumbria at Newcastle", + "57269698dd62a815002e8a6e": "Sunday Times", + "57269698dd62a815002e8a6f": "polytechnics became new universities", "57269698dd62a815002e8a70": "Northumbria University", "572699b55951b619008f778f": "three", "572699b55951b619008f7790": "1474", "572699b55951b619008f7791": "Coptic Cathedral", - "572699b55951b619008f7792": "St Thomas the Martyr", + "572699b55951b619008f7792": "St Thomas", "572699b55951b619008f7793": "parish churches", - "57269b165951b619008f77b3": "The Parish Church of St Andrew", + "57269b165951b619008f77b3": "St Andrew", "57269b165951b619008f77b4": "1726", - "57269b165951b619008f77b5": "the main porch", + "57269b165951b619008f77b5": "main porch", "57269b165951b619008f77b6": "churchyards", "57269b165951b619008f77b7": "The church tower", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ca": "City Road", - "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cb": "The Watermark business park", + "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cb": "The Watermark business park next to the MetroCentre in Gateshead", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cc": "The entrance to studio 5", - "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cd": "its colouring", + "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cd": "colouring", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ce": "BBC Radio Newcastle", "57269d745951b619008f77d7": "NE1fm", "57269d745951b619008f77d8": "Newcastle Student Radio", @@ -5393,28 +5393,28 @@ "57269e80f1498d1400e8e520": "1770", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e521": "Archbishop of Westminster", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e522": "George Stephenson", - "57269e80f1498d1400e8e523": "steam turbine", + "57269e80f1498d1400e8e523": "incandescent light bulb", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e524": "Thailand", "57269fab5951b619008f7807": "Rutherford Grammar School", "57269fab5951b619008f7808": "international footballers", - "57269fab5951b619008f7809": "Nobel Prize", - "57269fab5951b619008f780a": "keyed Northumbrian smallpipes", + "57269fab5951b619008f7809": "Nobel Prize winning physicist", + "57269fab5951b619008f780a": "Northumbrian smallpipes", "57269fab5951b619008f780b": "Newcastle", - "5726710b708984140094c61d": "London", + "5726710b708984140094c61d": "Brompton", "5726710b708984140094c61e": "4.5 million", "5726710b708984140094c61f": "1852", - "5726710b708984140094c620": "Prince Albert", + "5726710b708984140094c620": "Queen Victoria and Prince Albert", "572680ac708984140094c83d": "Kensington and Chelsea", "572680ac708984140094c83e": "1852", "572680ac708984140094c83f": "Queen Victoria and Prince Albert", "572680ac708984140094c840": "Department for Culture, Media and Sport", "572680ac708984140094c841": "2001", - "57268294708984140094c877": "12.5 acres", + "57268294708984140094c877": "12.5", "57268294708984140094c878": "145", - "57268294708984140094c879": "5,000 years", + "57268294708984140094c879": "5,000", "57268294708984140094c87a": "Europe, North America, Asia and North Africa", - "57268294708984140094c87b": "post-classical sculpture", - "572685cd5951b619008f7573": "the Great Exhibition of 1851", + "57268294708984140094c87b": "post-classical", + "572685cd5951b619008f7573": "1851", "572685cd5951b619008f7574": "Henry Cole", "572685cd5951b619008f7575": "Museum of Manufactures", "572685cd5951b619008f7576": "Somerset House", @@ -5422,40 +5422,40 @@ "57268d02f1498d1400e8e378": "Queen Victoria", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e379": "22 June 1857", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37a": "George Wallis", - "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37b": "late night openings", + "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37b": "late night", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37c": "1949", "57268f2c708984140094ca25": "September and November 1946", "57268f2c708984140094ca26": "nearly a million", - "57268f2c708984140094ca27": "the Council of Industrial Design", + "57268f2c708984140094ca27": "Council of Industrial Design", "57268f2c708984140094ca28": "Festival of Britain", "57268f2c708984140094ca29": "1948", - "572691d7708984140094ca6d": "a rock concert", + "572691d7708984140094ca6d": "rock concert", "572691d7708984140094ca6e": "Gryphon", "572691d7708984140094ca6f": "Roy Strong", - "572691d7708984140094ca70": "progressive folk-rock", + "572691d7708984140094ca70": "British progressive folk-rock band Gryphon, who explored the lineage of mediaeval", "57269656708984140094cafd": "Dundee", "57269656708984140094cafe": "\u00a376 million", - "57269656708984140094caff": "city's waterfront", + "57269656708984140094caff": "on the city's waterfront", "57269656708984140094cb00": "fashion, architecture, product design, graphic arts and photography", "57269656708984140094cb01": "five years", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a98": "Sheepshanks Gallery", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a99": "Sheepshanks Gallery", - "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9a": "Captain Francis Fowke", + "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9a": "same architect", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9b": "June 1862", - "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9c": "offices and board room", + "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9c": "the offices", "57269c06708984140094cba1": "Owen Jones", "57269c06708984140094cba2": "Italian Renaissance", "57269c06708984140094cba3": "James Gamble & Reuben Townroe", - "57269c06708984140094cba4": "Humphry Davy", + "57269c06708984140094cba4": "Humphry Davy (chemistry); Isaac Newton", "57269c06708984140094cba5": "Titian", "57269d68708984140094cbd7": "Philip Webb and William Morris", "57269d68708984140094cbd8": "Edward Burne-Jones", - "57269d68708984140094cbd9": "James Gamble", + "57269d68708984140094cbd9": "Edward Burne-Jones", "57269d68708984140094cbda": "Alfred Stevens", - "57269d68708984140094cbdb": "Sir Edward Poynter", + "57269d68708984140094cbdb": "Edward Burne-Jones", "5726a0205951b619008f781b": "Henry Young Darracott Scott", "5726a0205951b619008f781c": "School for Naval Architects (also known as the science schools", - "5726a0205951b619008f781d": "Cadeby stone", + "5726a0205951b619008f781d": "Cadeby", "5726a0205951b619008f781e": "prints and architectural drawings", "5726a0205951b619008f781f": "2008", "5726a2445951b619008f7861": "sgraffito", @@ -5467,7 +5467,7 @@ "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5ff": "red brick and Portland stone", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e600": "720 feet", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e601": "statue of fame", - "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e602": "an open work crown", + "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e602": "the top row of windows", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4b": "Alfred Drury", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4c": "four", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4d": "Webb", @@ -5477,44 +5477,44 @@ "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9f": "Henry Cole wing", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca0": "a new entrance building", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca1": "Christopher Hay and Douglas Coyne", - "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca2": "the Spiral", - "5726afeb708984140094cdd7": "the main silverware", - "5726afeb708984140094cdd8": "the mosaic floors", + "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca2": "a new entrance building was constructed on the site of the former boiler house", + "5726afeb708984140094cdd7": "the main silverware gallery", + "5726afeb708984140094cdd8": "mosaic floors", "5726afeb708984140094cdd9": "FuturePlan", "5726afeb708984140094cdda": "South Kensington", - "5726afeb708984140094cddb": "MUMA)", + "5726afeb708984140094cddb": "McInnes Usher McKnight Architects (MUMA)", "5726b12f5951b619008f7aaf": "Kim Wilkie", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab0": "John Madejski Garden", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab1": "elliptical", - "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab2": "receptions, gatherings or exhibition", + "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab2": "receptions, gatherings or exhibition purposes", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab3": "American Sweetgum", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e4": "2004", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e5": "Royal Institute of British Architects", - "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e7": "over 600,000", + "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e7": "600,000", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e6": "Drawings and Archives Collection", - "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e8": "over 700,000", + "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e8": "700,000", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b99": "Andrea Palladio", - "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9a": "Andrea Palladio", - "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9b": "over 330", + "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9a": "all the major British architects", + "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9b": "330", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9c": "Andrea Palladio", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9d": "Andrea Palladio", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6a": "Bishopsgate", - "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6b": "the Great Fire of London", + "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6b": "Great Fire of London", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6c": "c1600", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6d": "Montal", - "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6e": "the Alhambra", - "5726bc505951b619008f7c79": "over 19,000", + "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6e": "Alhambra", + "5726bc505951b619008f7c79": "19,000", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7a": "2006", - "5726bc505951b619008f7c7b": "the Ardabil Carpet", + "5726bc505951b619008f7c7b": "Ardabil Carpet", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7c": "Spain", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7d": "1909", - "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c0": "nearly 60,000", + "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c0": "60,000", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c1": "10,000", - "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c2": "6000 paintings", + "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c2": "6000", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c4": "1991", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c3": "Jawaharlal Nehru", - "5726bf325951b619008f7cfd": "more than 70,000", - "5726bf325951b619008f7cfe": "China, Japan and Korea", + "5726bf325951b619008f7cfd": "70,000", + "5726bf325951b619008f7cfe": "East Asia", "5726bf325951b619008f7cff": "T. T. Tsui", "5726bf325951b619008f7d00": "1991", "5726bf325951b619008f7d01": "Ming and Qing", @@ -5524,27 +5524,27 @@ "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdb": "1550 to 1900", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdc": "bronze", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de7": "14th to the 19th century", - "5726c80c5951b619008f7de8": "Korea", - "5726c80c5951b619008f7de9": "Refined Hindu and Buddhist sculptures reflect the influence of India; items on show", + "5726c80c5951b619008f7de8": "Korea, the Himalayan kingdoms", + "5726c80c5951b619008f7de9": "Tibetan art from the 14th to the 19th century is represented by notable 14th- and 15th-century", "5726c80c5951b619008f7dea": "mother-of-pearl", "5726c80c5951b619008f7deb": "ivory", - "5726c9a4708984140094d16f": "John Forster", + "5726c9a4708984140094d16f": "Leonardo da Vinci", "5726c9a4708984140094d170": "Forster I, Forster II, and Forster III", - "5726c9a4708984140094d171": "over 14,000", + "5726c9a4708984140094d171": "14,000", "5726c9a4708984140094d172": "1876", "5726c9a4708984140094d173": "1876", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9086": "Charles Dickens and Beatrix Potter", - "5726cc11dd62a815002e9087": "the library are as diverse as Charles Dickens and Beatrix Potter", - "5726cc11dd62a815002e9088": "12th to 16th centuries", - "5726cc11dd62a815002e9089": "the trial and rehabilitation of Joan of Arc", + "5726cc11dd62a815002e9087": "Charles Dickens and Beatrix Potter", + "5726cc11dd62a815002e9088": "16th centuries", + "5726cc11dd62a815002e9089": "Joan of Arc", "5726cc11dd62a815002e908a": "Lucas Horenbout", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc4": "Word and Image Department", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc5": "MODES", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc6": "Encoded Archival Description", - "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc8": "Encoded Archival Description", + "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc8": "most of the items in the collection", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc7": "Search the Collections", "5726cfa3708984140094d209": "2007", - "5726cfa3708984140094d20a": "the Factory Project", + "5726cfa3708984140094d20a": "Factory Project", "5726cfa3708984140094d20b": "Andy Warhol", "5726cfa3708984140094d20c": "15,000", "5726cfa3708984140094d20d": "catalog everything", @@ -5554,15 +5554,15 @@ "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6c": "Horace Walpole", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6d": "porcelain, cloth and wallpaper", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdb": "the increase in tea drinking", - "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecda": "entertainment and leisure", + "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecda": "increasing emphasis on entertainment and leisure", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecde": "John Ruskin", - "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdc": "mass production", - "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdd": "industrialization", + "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdc": "mass production produced entrepreneurs such as Josiah Wedgwood, Matthew Boulton and Eleanor Coade. In the Victorian era new technology and machinery", + "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdd": "Arts and Crafts movement", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed16": "Trajan's Column", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed17": "cut in half", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed18": "David", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed19": "sculptures, friezes and tombs", - "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed1a": "a glass case", + "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed1a": "glass case", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e4": "1731", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e5": "Frederick II the Great", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e6": "1762", @@ -5583,103 +5583,103 @@ "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee54": "2004", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee55": "Dale Chihuly", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee56": "13th-century", - "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c4": "over 10,000", + "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c4": "10,000", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c5": "2,000", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c6": "D\u00fcrer", - "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c7": "D\u00fcrer", - "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c8": "D\u00fcrer", - "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed8": "over 14,000", + "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c7": "Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres", + "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c8": "Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres", + "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed8": "14,000", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed9": "Word and Image department", - "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eeda": "Because everyday clothing from previous eras", + "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eeda": "everyday clothing from previous eras", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedb": "1913", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedc": "Harrods", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9438": "2002", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9439": "Vivienne Westwood", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943a": "178", - "5726e4eedd62a815002e943b": "178 Vivienne Westwood", + "5726e4eedd62a815002e943b": "Vivienne Westwood", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943c": "modern fashion", "5726e680dd62a815002e946e": "Italian and French Renaissance", "5726e680dd62a815002e946f": "1859 and 1865", - "5726e680dd62a815002e9470": "a marquetry commode", + "5726e680dd62a815002e9470": "French 18th-century art and furnishings", "5726e680dd62a815002e9471": "1882", "5726e680dd62a815002e9472": "\u00a3250,000", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a4": "1580", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a5": "Hans Vredeman de Vries", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a6": "1750", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a7": "Germany", - "5726e834dd62a815002e94a8": "Hans Vredeman de Vries", - "5726e9c65951b619008f8247": "over 6000 items", + "5726e834dd62a815002e94a8": "Le Corbusier, Marcel Breuer, Charles and Ray Eames, and Gi\u00f2 Ponti", + "5726e9c65951b619008f8247": "over 6000", "5726e9c65951b619008f8248": "Ancient Egypt", "5726e9c65951b619008f8249": "1869", "5726e9c65951b619008f824a": "154", "5726e9c65951b619008f824b": "William and Judith Bollinger", "5726ee28708984140094d656": "secular and sacred", "5726ee28708984140094d657": "1496\u201397", - "5726ee28708984140094d658": "nearly 8 tonnes", + "5726ee28708984140094d658": "8 tonnes", "5726ee28708984140094d659": "Sir George Gilbert Scott", - "5726ee28708984140094d655": "over 10,000", + "5726ee28708984140094d655": "10,000", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959e": "1110", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959f": "gilt bronze", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a0": "St Thomas Becket", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a1": "c1180", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a2": "gilt copper", - "5726f1ec708984140094d6aa": "over 5,100", + "5726f1ec708984140094d6aa": "5,100", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ad": "Bryan Davies", - "5726f1ec708984140094d6ab": "the Horniman Museum", + "5726f1ec708984140094d6ab": "Horniman Museum", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ac": "35", - "5726f1ec708984140094d6a9": "2010", + "5726f1ec708984140094d6a9": "25 February 2010", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bc": "1130", - "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bd": "650", + "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bd": "1130", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0be": "6800", - "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bf": "Her Majesty the Queen Elizabeth II", + "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bf": "Queen Elizabeth II", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0c0": "Andr\u00e9s Marzal De Sax", "5726f4a0708984140094d6e9": "1857", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ea": "233", - "5726f4a0708984140094d6eb": "a 'A National Gallery of British Art", + "5726f4a0708984140094d6eb": "'A National Gallery of British Art", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ec": "The Hay Wain", - "5726f4a0708984140094d6ed": "British", - "5726f755708984140094d737": "galleries of continental art 1600\u20131800", + "5726f4a0708984140094d6ed": "William Blake", + "5726f755708984140094d737": "continental art", "5726f755708984140094d738": "Madame de Pompadour", - "5726f755708984140094d739": "Carlo Crivelli's Virgin and Child", + "5726f755708984140094d739": "Carlo Crivelli", "5726f755708984140094d73a": "Fran\u00e7ois, Duc d'Alen\u00e7on", "5726f90b708984140094d75d": "Eadweard Muybridge", "5726f90b708984140094d75e": "1887", "5726f90b708984140094d75f": "781", - "5726f90b708984140094d760": "Animal Locomotion", + "5726f90b708984140094d760": "different animals and humans performimg various actions", "5726f90b708984140094d761": "James Lafayette", - "5726fb18dd62a815002e96ce": "post-classical", + "5726fb18dd62a815002e96ce": "post-classical European sculpture in the world. There are approximately 22,000 objects in the collection that cover the period from about 400 AD to 1914", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96cf": "22,000", - "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d0": "post-classical European sculpture in the world. There are approximately 22,000 objects in the collection that cover the period from about 400 AD to 1914", - "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d1": "All uses", + "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d0": "the period from about 400 AD to 1914", + "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d1": "All", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9706": "National Galleries of Scotland", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9707": "Neptune and Triton", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9708": "the Chancel Chapel", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9709": "Giuliano da Sangallo", - "5726fc63dd62a815002e970a": "1493\u20131500", - "5726fe95dd62a815002e9732": "more than 20", + "5726fc63dd62a815002e970a": "the Chancel Chapel", + "5726fe95dd62a815002e9732": "20", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9733": "1914", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9734": "1914", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9735": "World War I", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9736": "St John the Baptist", "572700c8dd62a815002e976a": "Nicholas Stone", "572700c8dd62a815002e976b": "Nicholas Stone", - "572700c8dd62a815002e976c": "Nicholas Stone", - "572700c8dd62a815002e976d": "British and Europeans", + "572700c8dd62a815002e976c": "Nicholas Stone, Caius Gabriel Cibber, Grinling Gibbons", + "572700c8dd62a815002e976d": "Caius Gabriel Cibber, Grinling Gibbons, John Michael Rysbrack, Louis-Fran\u00e7ois Roubiliac", "572702a3dd62a815002e9790": "Dorothy and Michael Hintze", "572702a3dd62a815002e9791": "1950", "572702a3dd62a815002e9792": "theme", "572702a3dd62a815002e9793": "Henry Moore and Jacob Epstein", "572702a3dd62a815002e9794": "Tate Britain", - "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23c": "more than 53,000", + "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23c": "53,000", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23d": "all populated continents", - "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23e": "1st century AD to the present", - "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23f": "western European", + "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23e": "1st century AD", + "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23f": "Near East", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f240": "technique", - "57270541dd62a815002e97c8": "fragment of the Cloth of St Gereon", + "57270541dd62a815002e97c8": "the Cloth of St Gereon", "57270541dd62a815002e97c9": "15th-century", "57270541dd62a815002e97ca": "Netherlands", "57270541dd62a815002e97cb": "the hunting of various animals", - "57270541dd62a815002e97cc": "John Vanderbank's workshop", + "57270541dd62a815002e97cc": "John Vanderbank", "57270676dd62a815002e97f0": "late 14th-century", "57270676dd62a815002e97f1": "William Morris", "57270676dd62a815002e97f2": "1887", @@ -5692,33 +5692,33 @@ "57270817708984140094d8cb": "research, exhibitions and other shows", "57270ab9708984140094d8f7": "Conservation", "57270ab9708984140094d8f8": "temperature and light", - "57270ab9708984140094d8f9": "interventive\" conservation", - "57270ab9708984140094d8fa": "the V&A and the V&A Museum of Childhood", - "57270ab9708984140094d8fb": "preventive\" conservation", + "57270ab9708984140094d8f9": "Interventive treatment", + "57270ab9708984140094d8fa": "all the collections held by the V&A and the V&A Museum of Childhood", + "57270ab9708984140094d8fb": "preventive\"", "57267b755951b619008f7433": "Disney\u2013ABC Television Group", "57267b755951b619008f7434": "1957", "57267b755951b619008f7435": "Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street", - "57267b755951b619008f7436": "Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street", + "57267b755951b619008f7436": "Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan", "57267b755951b619008f7437": "Disney Media Networks", "57267ca75951b619008f7469": "October 12, 1943", - "57267ca75951b619008f746a": "a radio network", + "57267ca75951b619008f746a": "radio network", "57267ca75951b619008f746b": "1948", "57267ca75951b619008f746c": "ESPN", "57267ca75951b619008f746d": "Capital Cities Communications", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8740": "232", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8741": "Citadel Broadcasting", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8742": "eight", - "57267f1cdd62a815002e8743": "the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission", + "57267f1cdd62a815002e8743": "Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8744": "Citadel Broadcasting", "5726808bdd62a815002e8776": "Radio Corporation of America", - "5726808bdd62a815002e8777": "two radio networks", + "5726808bdd62a815002e8777": "NBC Blue and NBC Red", "5726808bdd62a815002e8778": "the major cities", "5726808bdd62a815002e8779": "drama series", - "5726808bdd62a815002e877a": "NBC Blue Network", + "5726808bdd62a815002e877a": "The NBC Blue Network", "572681ab708984140094c85d": "Mutual", "572681ab708984140094c85e": "1938", "572681ab708984140094c85f": "1940", - "572681ab708984140094c860": "NBC Red or NBC Blue. At that time, the NBC Red Network", + "572681ab708984140094c860": "NBC Red Network", "572681ab708984140094c861": "NBC Blue", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fc": "Mark Woods", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fd": "NBC Blue Network", @@ -5728,36 +5728,36 @@ "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29e": "Life Savers", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29f": "October 12, 1943", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a0": "George B. Storer", - "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a1": "president and CEO", + "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a1": "president and CEO of ABC until December 1949, and was subsequently promoted to vice-chairman of the board", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a2": "June 30, 1951", "57268739708984140094c8ed": "Magnetophon tape recorder", "57268739708984140094c8ee": "Paul Whiteman", - "57268739708984140094c8ef": "ABC", + "57268739708984140094c8ef": "The network also became known for such suspenseful dramas as Sherlock Holmes, Gang Busters", "57268739708984140094c8f0": "Bing Crosby", "57268739708984140094c8f1": "public service", - "57269260dd62a815002e89ea": "155 million", + "57269260dd62a815002e89ea": "$155 million", "57269260dd62a815002e89eb": "ABC1", "57269260dd62a815002e89ec": "September 8, 2007", "57269260dd62a815002e89ed": "ABC International", "57269260dd62a815002e89ee": "United States", "57269344f1498d1400e8e43e": "1959", - "57269344f1498d1400e8e43f": "The arrival of satellite television", + "57269344f1498d1400e8e43f": "satellite television", "57269344f1498d1400e8e440": "Japan and Latin America", - "57269344f1498d1400e8e441": "the 1970s.", - "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5c": "the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II", + "57269344f1498d1400e8e441": "Japan and Latin America", + "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5c": "the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II in June 1953", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5d": "Beirut", - "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5e": "Mainichi Broadcasting System", - "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5f": "technical problems and flight delays", + "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5e": "Mainichi Broadcasting System in 1951 and Nihon Educational Television", + "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5f": "CBS and NBC were unable to cover the coronation live due to respective issues with technical problems and flight delays", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb60": "technical problems and flight delays", "5726e5ac708984140094d51b": "Peanuts", "5726e5ac708984140094d51c": "Emmy Awards", "5726e5ac708984140094d51d": "1965", - "5726e5ac708984140094d51e": "the Academy Awards", - "5726e5ac708984140094d51f": "Peanuts television specials, having acquired the broadcast rights from CBS, which originated the specials in 1965 with the", + "5726e5ac708984140094d51e": "Academy Awards, Emmy Awards", + "5726e5ac708984140094d51f": "It's the Great Pumpkin", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef30": "1974", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef31": "Ryan Seacrest", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef32": "1954 to 1956", - "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef33": "Atlantic City", + "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef33": "Times Square", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef34": "TLC", "5726e671dd62a815002e9464": "General Hospital", "5726e671dd62a815002e9465": "1975", @@ -5766,15 +5766,15 @@ "5726e671dd62a815002e9468": "1963", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6e": "X Games", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6c": "2006", - "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6b": "any time", + "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6b": "12:00 to 6:00 p.m. Eastern Time", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6a": "NBA", - "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6d": "The Open Championship golf and The Wimbledon", + "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6d": "The Open Championship", "5726e860708984140094d579": "Frank Marx", - "5726e860708984140094d57a": "7", + "5726e860708984140094d57a": "2 through 6", "5726e860708984140094d57b": "1947", "5726e860708984140094d57c": "VHF channel 7", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa0": "108", - "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa1": "only two television stations", + "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa1": "two", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa2": "DuMont Television Network", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa3": "CBS and NBC", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950a": "U.S. Supreme Court", @@ -5788,15 +5788,15 @@ "5726ed12708984140094d645": "1952", "5726ed12708984140094d646": "February 9, 1953", "5726ed12708984140094d647": "American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres", - "5726ed12708984140094d648": "1501 Broadway in Manhattan", - "5726edeff1498d1400e8f024": "August 10, 1948", + "5726ed12708984140094d648": "Paramount Building at 1501 Broadway in Manhattan", + "5726edeff1498d1400e8f024": "August 10, 1948, with its first broadcast running for two hours that evening", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f025": "October 1948", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f026": "Mount Wilson", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f027": "The Prospect Studios", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c6": "September 30, 1960", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c7": "1960s", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c8": "William Hanna and Joseph Barbera", - "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c9": "The 1960s", + "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c9": "1960s", "5726f0865951b619008f82e5": "1959", "5726f0865951b619008f82e6": "NBC", "5726f0865951b619008f82e7": "1961", @@ -5806,34 +5806,34 @@ "572734af708984140094dae5": "black-and-yellow", "572734af708984140094dae6": "the dot", "572735a15951b619008f86bf": "Pittard Sullivan", - "572735a15951b619008f86c0": "2015", - "572735a15951b619008f86c1": "We Love TV", + "572735a15951b619008f86c0": "2015, ABC is stopped with its 1998\u20132002", + "572735a15951b619008f86c1": "\"We Love TV", "572735a15951b619008f86c2": "ABC on Demand", "572736625951b619008f86d1": "1993\u201394", - "572736625951b619008f86d2": "1995\u201396 season", + "572736625951b619008f86d2": "1995\u201396", "572736625951b619008f86d3": "1983", - "572736625951b619008f86d4": "That Special Feeling", + "572736625951b619008f86d4": "\"That Special Feeling", "572736fc5951b619008f86d9": "1977", "572736fc5951b619008f86da": "black", - "572736fc5951b619008f86db": "glossy gold", + "572736fc5951b619008f86db": "bubble", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4be": "Paul Rand", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4bf": "Bauhaus", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c0": "Herbert Bayer", - "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c1": "1962", + "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c1": "1963\u201364", "5727387b5951b619008f86e9": "ABC Radio", "5727387b5951b619008f86ea": "October 19, 2005", "5727387b5951b619008f86eb": "six", "57273954708984140094db05": "2004", - "57273954708984140094db06": "Dancing with the Stars, which helped ABC rise to second place, jumping ahead of CBS, but behind a surging Fox.", + "57273954708984140094db06": "Dancing with the Stars", "57273954708984140094db07": "Anne Sweeney", "57273954708984140094db08": "NASCAR", "57273a0d708984140094db0d": "2002", "57273a0d708984140094db0e": "Michael Eisner", "57273a0d708984140094db0f": "The Bachelor", - "57273a0d708984140094db10": "The Bachelor (the elimination-style dating show's success led to a spinoff, The Bachelorette", + "57273a0d708984140094db10": "The Bachelorette", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4da": "Time Warner Cable", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4db": "ABC", - "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dc": "ABC", + "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dc": "ABC ended the 2000\u201301 season as the most-watched network, ahead of NBC", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dd": "May 2", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d6": "2000", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d7": "The WB", @@ -5855,8 +5855,8 @@ "57273ef15951b619008f8753": "Baltimore", "57273f9d708984140094db51": "Robert Kintner", "57273f9d708984140094db52": "DuMont Television Network", - "57273f9d708984140094db53": "ABC-DuMont", - "57273f9d708984140094db54": "5 million", + "57273f9d708984140094db53": "DuMont Television Network", + "57273f9d708984140094db54": "$5 million", "5727403af1498d1400e8f526": "Paramount Pictures", "5727403af1498d1400e8f527": "The Lone Ranger", "5727403af1498d1400e8f528": "The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet", @@ -5870,22 +5870,22 @@ "572741aaf1498d1400e8f541": "Disneyland", "572742daf1498d1400e8f550": "Allen Shaw", "572742daf1498d1400e8f551": "Harold L. Neal", - "572742daf1498d1400e8f552": "LOVE Radio", + "572742daf1498d1400e8f552": "\"LOVE Radio", "572742daf1498d1400e8f553": "seven", "5727436af1498d1400e8f558": "September 1969", "5727436af1498d1400e8f559": "Duel", - "5727436af1498d1400e8f55a": "1969", + "5727436af1498d1400e8f55a": "1971", "5727436af1498d1400e8f55b": "$400,000\u2013$450,000", - "572743fb708984140094db93": "early 1970s", - "572743fb708984140094db94": "ABC", + "572743fb708984140094db93": "1970s", + "572743fb708984140094db94": "CBS and NBC", "572743fb708984140094db95": "behavioral and demographic", "5727448b5951b619008f87a1": "Monday Night Football", "5727448b5951b619008f87a2": "1970", "5727448b5951b619008f87a3": "NBC", - "5727448b5951b619008f87a4": "15%\u201316", + "5727448b5951b619008f87a4": "15%", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4e": "1970", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4f": "1972", - "57274633dd62a815002e9a50": "Worldvision Enterprises, which would produce and distribute programming for U.S. syndication, and ABC Circle Films", + "57274633dd62a815002e9a50": "Worldvision Enterprises", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a66": "cigarette advertising", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a67": "January 2, 1971", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a68": "Henry Plitt", @@ -5894,7 +5894,7 @@ "572747dd5951b619008f87aa": "Happy Days", "572747dd5951b619008f87ab": "youth-oriented programming", "572747dd5951b619008f87ac": "Paramount Pictures", - "572748745951b619008f87b1": "Fred Pierce", + "572748745951b619008f87b1": "Fred Pierce, the newly appointed president of ABC Television, convinced Fred Silverman", "572748745951b619008f87b2": "Fred Silverman", "572748745951b619008f87b3": "S.W.A.T", "572748745951b619008f87b4": "November 3, 1975", @@ -5904,30 +5904,30 @@ "572749d7dd62a815002e9a90": "Alex Haley", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a91": "Aaron Spelling", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a92": "nine", - "572749d7dd62a815002e9a93": "1977", + "572749d7dd62a815002e9a93": "1976\u201377", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a94": "Soap", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b4": "Roone Arledge", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b5": "ABC Sports", - "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b6": "7 Lincoln Square", + "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b6": "\"7 Lincoln Square", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b7": "June 1979", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dc": "June 1978", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dd": "Hugh Downs", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5de": "Barbara Walters", - "57274baff1498d1400e8f5df": "MCA Inc", - "57274cac708984140094dbdd": "24-hour news channel called ABC Cable News", + "57274baff1498d1400e8f5df": "MCA", + "57274cac708984140094dbdd": "ABC Cable News", "57274cac708984140094dbde": "ABC News Now", "57274cac708984140094dbdf": "WJRT-TV", - "57274cac708984140094dbe0": "WTVG", + "57274cac708984140094dbe0": "WJRT-TV and WTVG", "57274d905951b619008f87e1": "Writers Guild of America", "57274d905951b619008f87e2": "Duel", "57274d905951b619008f87e3": "Caris & Co", - "57274e6a5951b619008f87f1": "ABC Entertainment", + "57274e6a5951b619008f87f1": "ABC Entertainment Group", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f2": "ABC Entertainment Group", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f3": "Citadel Media", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f4": "iTunes", - "57274f07708984140094dbed": "2010", + "57274f07708984140094dbed": "2010. That year, the sixth and final season of Lost became the drama's lowest-rated season since its debut in 2004", "57274f07708984140094dbee": "2004", - "57274f07708984140094dbef": "Fridays", + "57274f07708984140094dbef": "Wednesdays", "57274f07708984140094dbf0": "Wednesdays", "5727504b5951b619008f881d": "1970", "5727504b5951b619008f881e": "Worldvision Enterprises", @@ -5936,16 +5936,16 @@ "57275273dd62a815002e9b16": "Disney\u2013ABC Domestic Television", "57275273dd62a815002e9b17": "Buena Vista Television", "57275273dd62a815002e9b18": "Buena Vista International Television", - "57275273dd62a815002e9b19": "the network", - "57275339dd62a815002e9b28": "WABC-TV and WPVI-TV", + "57275273dd62a815002e9b19": "the Cinerama Productions/Palomar theatrical library and the Selmur Productions catalog that the network", + "57275339dd62a815002e9b28": "WPVI-TV", "57275339dd62a815002e9b29": "eight", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2a": "235", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2b": "96.26%", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b44": "1946", - "572754b5dd62a815002e9b45": "seal of the Federal Communications Commission", + "572754b5dd62a815002e9b45": "Federal Communications Commission", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b46": "1957", "57275573708984140094dc45": "2011", - "57275573708984140094dc46": "Supernanny, Extreme Makeover: Home Edition", + "57275573708984140094dc46": "Extreme Makeover: Home Edition", "57275573708984140094dc47": "HD", "57275573708984140094dc48": "Litton's Weekend Aventure", "57275650708984140094dc5f": "720p high definition", @@ -5956,16 +5956,16 @@ "57275743f1498d1400e8f681": "Happy Endings", "57275743f1498d1400e8f682": "NBC", "57275743f1498d1400e8f683": "Brothers & Sisters", - "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b6": "All My Children and One Life to Live", + "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b6": "All My Children", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b7": "Prospect Park", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b8": "Hulu", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b9": "The Revolution", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6ba": "18\u201349", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6ca": "2004", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cb": "CBS", - "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cc": "Resurrection", + "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cc": "The Goldbergs", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cd": "The Neighbors", - "57275a505951b619008f889f": "The Middle and Modern Family", + "57275a505951b619008f889f": "The Middle", "57275a505951b619008f88a0": "Dragon's Den", "57275a505951b619008f88a1": "Sundays", "57275a505951b619008f88a2": "Tim Allen", @@ -5978,7 +5978,7 @@ "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6db": "DIC Entertainment", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dc": "Time Warner Cable", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dd": "23.63%", - "57275e125951b619008f88d7": "WLS", + "57275e125951b619008f88d7": "Chicago radio station WLS", "57275e125951b619008f88d8": "May 9, 1960", "57275e125951b619008f88d9": "John Bassett", "57275e125951b619008f88da": "CFTO-TV", @@ -5989,18 +5989,18 @@ "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f706": "American Broadcasting Companies", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f707": "The Dating Game", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f708": "The Newlywed Game", - "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f709": "7 West 66th Street", + "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f709": "1330 Avenue of the Americas in Manhattan", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd8": "90%", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd9": "Dynasty", "57276166dd62a815002e9bda": "Mork & Mindy", - "57276166dd62a815002e9bdb": "Alpha Repertory Television Service", + "57276166dd62a815002e9bdb": "Nickelodeon", "5727623a5951b619008f8921": "Infinity Broadcasting Corporation", "5727623a5951b619008f8922": "Getty Oil", "5727623a5951b619008f8923": "The Entertainment Channel", - "5727623a5951b619008f8924": "Arts & Entertainment Television", + "5727623a5951b619008f8924": "A&E", "572763a8708984140094dcd9": "Daniel B. Burke", "572763a8708984140094dcda": "chairman and CEO", - "572763a8708984140094dcdb": "465 million", + "572763a8708984140094dcdb": "$465 million", "572763a8708984140094dcdc": "America's Funniest Home Videos", "572763a8708984140094dcdd": "Home Improvement", "572764855951b619008f8951": "General Hospital", @@ -6009,27 +6009,27 @@ "572764855951b619008f8954": "Jimmy Kimmel Live!.", "57276576dd62a815002e9c18": "New Jersey, Rhode Island and Delaware", "57276576dd62a815002e9c19": "WBMA-LD", - "57276576dd62a815002e9c1a": "WBND-LD", + "57276576dd62a815002e9c1a": "WBND", "57276576dd62a815002e9c1b": "WLQP-LP", "57276690708984140094dd01": "ABC Circle Films", "57276690708984140094dd02": "ABC Studios", - "57276690708984140094dd03": "the ABC Television Center", + "57276690708984140094dd03": "two main production facilities: the ABC Television Center", "57276690708984140094dd04": "the ABC Television Center, East", "5727678e5951b619008f8973": "Times Square Studios", "5727678e5951b619008f8974": "Good Morning America and Nightline", - "5727678e5951b619008f8975": "Peter Jennings", + "5727678e5951b619008f8975": "Peter Jennings Way", "5727678e5951b619008f8976": "World News Tonight", "572768d9708984140094dd13": "ABC on Demand", "572768d9708984140094dd14": "Hulu", "572768d9708984140094dd15": "July 6, 2009", - "572768d9708984140094dd16": "27", - "572769e85951b619008f8985": "the day after", - "572769e85951b619008f8986": "eight days", - "572769e85951b619008f8987": "fast forwarding", + "572768d9708984140094dd16": "27%", + "572769e85951b619008f8985": "the day", + "572769e85951b619008f8986": "eight", + "572769e85951b619008f8987": "fast forwarding of accessed content", "572769e85951b619008f8988": "January 7, 2014", "57276a8f5951b619008f8995": "LoyalKaspar", "57276a8f5951b619008f8996": "four", - "57276a8f5951b619008f8997": "ABC Modern", + "57276a8f5951b619008f8997": "\"ABC Modern", "57276a8f5951b619008f8998": "ESPN on ABC", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b2": "14", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b3": "74", @@ -6037,11 +6037,11 @@ "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b5": "UHF", "57276d7f708984140094dd3f": "Youngstown", "57276d7f708984140094dd40": "five times", - "57276d7f708984140094dd41": "WTRF-TV", - "57276d7f708984140094dd42": "1980s", + "57276d7f708984140094dd41": "WTRF", + "57276d7f708984140094dd42": "1960s", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd0": "Walt Disney Presents", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd1": "Desilu Productions", - "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd2": "its use of violence", + "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd2": "violence", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd3": "April 1959", "5727705f5951b619008f89f3": "ABC Sunday Night Movie", "5727705f5951b619008f89f4": "$15.5 million", @@ -6050,38 +6050,38 @@ "5727705f5951b619008f89f7": "April 1, 1963", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f840": "ITT", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f841": "Donald F. Turner, head antitrust regulator for the United States Department of Justice", - "572771a5f1498d1400e8f842": "Donald F. Turner, head antitrust regulator for the United States Department of Justice", + "572771a5f1498d1400e8f842": "Department of Justice", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f843": "January 1, 1968", - "57277373dd62a815002e9d24": "Capital Cities Communications", + "57277373dd62a815002e9d24": "Capital Cities Communications, contacted Leonard Goldenson about a proposal to merge their respective companies", "57277373dd62a815002e9d25": "$3.5 billion", "57277373dd62a815002e9d26": "Warren Buffett", "57277373dd62a815002e9d27": "E. W. Scripps Company", "57277373dd62a815002e9d28": "12", "572774cf5951b619008f8a51": "September 5, 1985", - "572774cf5951b619008f8a52": "Capital Cities/ABC, Inc", + "572774cf5951b619008f8a52": "Inc", "572774cf5951b619008f8a53": "president of ABC's broadcasting division", "572774cf5951b619008f8a54": "Michael P. Millardi", "572774cf5951b619008f8a55": "Roone Arledge", - "57277585708984140094de2b": "Laverne & Shirley", + "57277585708984140094de2b": "Laverne & Shirley ended its run in 1983, Happy Days", "57277585708984140094de2c": "Three's Company", "57277585708984140094de2d": "NBC", "57277585708984140094de2e": "The Love Boat", "57277585708984140094de2f": "comedies", - "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c4": "TGIF", + "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c4": "TGIF\"", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c5": "Thank Goodness It's Funny", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c6": "Miller-Boyett Productions", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c7": "Warner Bros", - "572776e85951b619008f8a7f": "seven", + "572776e85951b619008f8a7f": "seven radio stations nationwide", "572776e85951b619008f8a80": "Charly", - "572776e85951b619008f8a81": "Ralph Nelson", + "572776e85951b619008f8a81": "ABC Pictures", "572776e85951b619008f8a82": "1985", "572776e85951b619008f8a83": "Redwood City, California", - "5727780a5951b619008f8a9d": "westerns and detective series", + "5727780a5951b619008f8a9d": "detective series", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9e": "500%", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9f": "10% and 18%", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa0": "Ollie Treiz", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa1": "Dick Clark", - "57277944f1498d1400e8f90a": "counterprogramming", + "57277944f1498d1400e8f90a": "counterprogramming against its competitors", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90b": "Zorro", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90c": "Life", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90d": "detective shows", @@ -6093,84 +6093,84 @@ "57277bfc708984140094deda": "WABM-DT2/WDBB-DT2 in the Birmingham", "57277bfc708984140094dedb": "The E. W. Scripps Company", "57277bfc708984140094dedc": "28", - "57277bfc708984140094dedd": "15", - "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e76": "Start Here", + "57277bfc708984140094dedd": "28", + "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e76": "\"Start Here", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e77": "Troika", - "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e78": "entertainment", + "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e78": "the entertainment division", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e79": "ABC News", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea4": "WFTS-TV and WWSB", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea5": "KMBC-TV and KQTV", - "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea6": "WZZM and WOTV", + "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea6": "WZZM", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea7": "WTSP", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f5": "Mongol Empire", - "57269e8a5951b619008f77f6": "many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia", + "57269e8a5951b619008f77f6": "Northeast Asia", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f7": "Khwarezmian and Xia controlled lands", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f8": "Central Asia and China", - "57269e8a5951b619008f77f9": "Western Xia and Jin", + "57269e8a5951b619008f77f9": "Caucasus, Khwarezmid Empire, Western Xia and Jin dynasties", "5726a00d708984140094cc25": "\u00d6gedei Khan", "5726a00d708984140094cc26": "1227", - "5726a00d708984140094cc27": "the Western Xia", + "5726a00d708984140094cc27": "Western Xia", "5726a00d708984140094cc28": "sons and grandsons", - "5726a00d708984140094cc29": "Mongolia", + "5726a00d708984140094cc29": "Mongolia at an unknown location", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e578": "Del\u00fc\u00fcn Boldog", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e579": "Yes\u00fcgei", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57a": "1162", - "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57b": "Tem\u00fcjin-\u00fcge", + "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57b": "Tatar chieftain, Tem\u00fcjin-\u00fcge", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbc": "Tem\u00fclen", - "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbd": "Hasar, Hachiun, and Tem\u00fcge", + "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbd": "Hasar", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbe": "B\u00f6rte", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbf": "Khongirad", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bc0": "Dai Setsen", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb7": "Begter", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb8": "Hoelun (not Begter's mother) would have to accept him as her husband", - "5726a4a9708984140094ccb9": "his brother Khasar", + "5726a4a9708984140094ccb9": "Khasar", "5726a4a9708984140094ccba": "hunting excursion", - "5726a5f65951b619008f7903": "the Tayichi'ud", - "5726a5f65951b619008f7904": "a raid", + "5726a5f65951b619008f7903": "Tayichi'ud", + "5726a5f65951b619008f7904": "a cangue", "5726a5f65951b619008f7905": "Chilaun", - "5726a5f65951b619008f7906": "Genghis Khan", + "5726a5f65951b619008f7906": "Jelme and Bo'orchu", "5726a5f65951b619008f7907": "a river crevice", "5726a784708984140094ccff": "arranged marriages", - "5726a784708984140094cd00": "mother Hoelun", - "5726a784708984140094cd01": "Chinese dynasties", + "5726a784708984140094cd00": "Hoelun", + "5726a784708984140094cd01": "Chinese dynasties to the south", "5726a784708984140094cd02": "need for alliances", - "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c34": "Onggirat tribe", - "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c35": "the Merkits", + "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c34": "Onggirat", + "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c35": "Merkits", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c36": "Jamukha", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c37": "Jochi", - "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c38": "1185\u20131226), nine months", - "5726a9ed5951b619008f7969": "three", - "5726a9ed5951b619008f796a": "Chagatai", + "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c38": "nine months", + "5726a9ed5951b619008f7969": "three more sons, Chagatai", + "5726a9ed5951b619008f796a": "Chagatai (1187\u20141241), \u00d6gedei", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796b": "1187\u20141241", - "5726a9ed5951b619008f796c": "the scenes during his lifetime, no documents have survived that definitively provide the number or names of daughters born to the consorts of Genghis Khan.", + "5726a9ed5951b619008f796c": "many other children with his other wives, but they were excluded from the succession", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796d": "six", - "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a2": "his father's anda (sworn brother", + "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a2": "sworn brother or blood brother) Toghrul", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a3": "Toghrul", - "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a4": "Keraites", + "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a4": "Jadaran", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a5": "20,000", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a6": "Jamukha", - "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ca": "seventy young male captives alive in cauldrons, alienating many of his potential followers", + "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ca": "the traditional Mongolian aristocracy", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cb": "Kokochu", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cc": "1186", - "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cd": "the Battle of Dalan Balzhut", + "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cd": "Dalan Balzhut", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ce": "Qara Khitai", "5726ae32708984140094cdab": "Yassa code", - "5726ae32708984140094cdac": "wealth", + "5726ae32708984140094cdac": "wealth from future possible war spoils", "5726ae32708984140094cdad": "orphans", "5726ae32708984140094cdae": "wealth", "5726af765951b619008f7a51": "Jochi", "5726af765951b619008f7a52": "Jamukha", "5726af765951b619008f7a53": "Jamukha", "5726af765951b619008f7a54": "Keraite", - "5726b0985951b619008f7a91": "his own men", + "5726b0985951b619008f7a91": "the Naimans", "5726b0985951b619008f7a92": "1201", - "5726b0985951b619008f7a93": "universal ruler", + "5726b0985951b619008f7a93": "\"universal ruler", "5726b0985951b619008f7a94": "Subutai", "5726b0985951b619008f7a95": "1206", - "5726b1d95951b619008f7acd": "his friendship", - "5726b1d95951b619008f7ace": "the fact that in the past Jamukha had been known to have boiled his opponents' generals alive.", + "5726b1d95951b619008f7acd": "friendship", + "5726b1d95951b619008f7ace": "disloyal men in his army", "5726b1d95951b619008f7acf": "a noble death", - "5726b1d95951b619008f7ad0": "a noble", + "5726b1d95951b619008f7ad0": "noble death. The custom is to die without spilling blood", "5726b879708984140094cf01": "the Chinese", "5726b879708984140094cf02": "Jamukha", "5726b879708984140094cf03": "Khasar", @@ -6178,8 +6178,8 @@ "5726b879708984140094cf05": "Wang Khan", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf1": "1206", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf2": "Khuruldai", - "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf3": "Khagan", - "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf4": "Tem\u00fcjin was acknowledged as \"Khan\" of the consolidated tribes and took the new title \"Genghis Khan\". The title Khagan", + "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf3": "Yuan dynasty", + "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf4": "Khagan", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf5": "Genghis Khan", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3b": "Jin dynasty", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3c": "Ming-Tan", @@ -6187,56 +6187,56 @@ "5726bb645951b619008f7c3e": "Kaifeng", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3f": "\u00d6gedei Khan", "5726bd655951b619008f7c9f": "Kuchlug", - "5726bd655951b619008f7ca0": "the Liao dynasty", - "5726bd655951b619008f7ca1": "20,000", - "5726bd655951b619008f7ca2": "Jebe", - "5726bd655951b619008f7ca3": "The Arrow", + "5726bd655951b619008f7ca0": "Liao dynasty", + "5726bd655951b619008f7ca1": "two tumen (20,000", + "5726bd655951b619008f7ca2": "Jebe, known as \"The Arrow", + "5726bd655951b619008f7ca3": "\"The Arrow", "5726bf135951b619008f7ce9": "inciting internal revolt", - "5726bf135951b619008f7cea": "west of Kashgar", + "5726bf135951b619008f7cea": "Kashgar", "5726bf135951b619008f7ceb": "Lake Balkhash", "5726bf135951b619008f7cec": "Khwarezmia", - "5726bf135951b619008f7ced": "a Muslim", + "5726bf135951b619008f7ced": "Khwarezmid Empire", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f76": "Shah Ala ad-Din Muhammad", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f77": "Inalchuq", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f78": "the Muslim", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f79": "100,000", - "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f7a": "the Silk Road", - "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa6": "Tien Shan mountains", - "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa7": "three", + "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f7a": "Silk Road", + "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa6": "Tien Shan", + "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa7": "three groups", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa8": "southeast", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa9": "Tolui", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8faa": "Samarkand", - "5726c3b3708984140094d0cf": "This fragmentation", + "5726c3b3708984140094d0cf": "small fractions", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d0": "Otrar", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d1": "molten silver", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d2": "fled rather than surrender", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d3": "Subutai and Jebe", - "5726c4c8708984140094d0f5": "Samarkand", + "5726c4c8708984140094d0f5": "Bukhara", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f6": "Bukhara", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f7": "a river", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae2": "captured enemies", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae3": "reneged", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae4": "pyramids of severed heads", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddd": "opened the gates", - "5726c7a85951b619008f7dde": "a unit of Turkish defenders", + "5726c7a85951b619008f7dde": "a unit of Turkish defenders held the city's citadel for another twelve days", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddf": "artisans and craftsmen", - "5726c7a85951b619008f7de0": "declared that he was the flail of God", + "5726c7a85951b619008f7de0": "the flail of God", "5726c7a85951b619008f7de1": "young men", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9046": "1220", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9047": "Subutai", - "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9048": "the Black Sea", + "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9048": "Russia", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9049": "Kalka River", - "5726c9b0dd62a815002e904a": "Mstislav III", + "5726c9b0dd62a815002e904a": "Mstislav the Bold of Halych and Mstislav III", "57272bcb5951b619008f8683": "1240", - "57272bcb5951b619008f8684": "Volga Bulgaria and Kievan Rus' in 1237", - "57272bcb5951b619008f8685": "Subutai", + "57272bcb5951b619008f8684": "Volga Bulgaria and Kievan Rus'", + "57272bcb5951b619008f8685": "Transoxiana", "57272bcb5951b619008f8686": "1225", "57272bcb5951b619008f8687": "Samarkand", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43a": "1226", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43b": "autumn", - "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43c": "Genghis Khan", - "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43d": "the Yellow River", - "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43e": "line of five stars", + "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43c": "Tangut generals challenged the Mongols to a battle near Helan Mountains but was defeated", + "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43d": "Yellow River", + "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43e": "five stars", "57272dd55951b619008f8697": "Ning Hia", "57272dd55951b619008f8698": "Ma Jianlong", "57272dd55951b619008f8699": "arrows", @@ -6244,7 +6244,7 @@ "57272dd55951b619008f869b": "executed", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44e": "Jochi", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44f": "Chagatai", - "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f450": "invasion of the Khwarezmid Empire by Genghis Khan", + "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f450": "just before the invasion of the Khwarezmid Empire", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f451": "\u00d6gedei", "57272ff2708984140094dabd": "Chagatai and Jochi", "57272ff2708984140094dabe": "Chagatai", @@ -6254,92 +6254,92 @@ "5727311d5951b619008f86ac": "Khorasan", "5727311d5951b619008f86ad": "Urgench", "5727311d5951b619008f86ae": "Sultan Muhammad", - "5727311d5951b619008f86af": "the accuracy of this story", + "5727311d5951b619008f86af": "Sultan Muhammad", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46a": "Yinchuan", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46b": "hunting", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46c": "arrow", - "57273249f1498d1400e8f46d": "Western Xia", + "57273249f1498d1400e8f46d": "Western Xia princess taken as war booty", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46e": "Oirads", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f474": "without markings", - "572732f8f1498d1400e8f475": "birthplace", + "572732f8f1498d1400e8f475": "Onon River", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f476": "Onon River", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f477": "The Genghis Khan Mausoleum", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48c": "Edsen Khoroo", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48d": "Dongshan Dafo Dian", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48e": "Xining", - "57273455f1498d1400e8f48f": "1954", + "57273455f1498d1400e8f48f": "early 1954", "57273455f1498d1400e8f490": "Red Guards", "57273581708984140094daeb": "October 6, 2004", - "57273581708984140094daec": "a river", + "57273581708984140094daec": "permafrost", "57273581708984140094daed": "Atilla the Hun", "57273581708984140094daee": "many horses", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b5": "Genghis Khan", - "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b4": "the Yassa", - "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b6": "meritocracy", + "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b4": "Yassa", + "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b6": "Yassa", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b7": "Genghis Khan and his family", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b8": "Muhammad Khan", "57273887dd62a815002e99a2": "tax exemptions", "57273887dd62a815002e99a3": "Ong Khan", - "57273887dd62a815002e99a4": "practiced religious tolerance", + "57273887dd62a815002e99a4": "personal concept", "57273887dd62a815002e99a5": "Shamanist, Buddhist or Christian", "572739a75951b619008f86f7": "T\u00f6regene Khatun", "572739a75951b619008f86f8": "Pax Mongolica (Mongol Peace", - "572739a75951b619008f86f9": "the Chinese", + "572739a75951b619008f86f9": "Chinese", "572739a75951b619008f86fa": "a civil state under the Great Yassa that would have established the legal equality of all individuals, including women", "57273b1a5951b619008f8709": "Chu'Tsai", "57273b1a5951b619008f870a": "nomads", - "57273b1a5951b619008f870b": "the Jin", - "57273b1a5951b619008f870c": "Khitan rulers", - "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e2": "his generals", + "57273b1a5951b619008f870b": "Jin dynasty", + "57273b1a5951b619008f870c": "avenged Chu'Tsai's forefathers", + "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e2": "close family members", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e3": "Karakorum", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e4": "Muqali", - "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e5": "Muqali, Jebe and Subutai", + "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e5": "Caucasus", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e6": "unwavering loyalty", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f6": "certain rivers", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f7": "Muslim and Chinese", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f8": "feigned retreat", - "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f9": "driving", + "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f9": "driving them in front", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fa": "Sea of Japan", - "57273dccdd62a815002e99fb": "Caspian Sea", + "57273dccdd62a815002e99fb": "Sea of Japan", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fc": "\u00d6gedei Khan", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fd": "1279", - "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51e": "the Silk Road", + "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51e": "Silk Road", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51f": "Turkey", - "57273eecf1498d1400e8f520": "tolerant", + "57273eecf1498d1400e8f520": "tolerant of religions", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f521": "the Silk Road", - "5727404b708984140094db59": "early 1990s", - "5727404b708984140094db5a": "his role in uniting", - "5727404b708984140094db5b": "refer to their country as \"Genghis Khan's Mongolia\", to themselves as \"Genghis Khan's children", + "5727404b708984140094db59": "the Mongolian People's Republic period", + "5727404b708984140094db5a": "uniting warring tribes", + "5727404b708984140094db5b": "\"Genghis Khan's children", "5727404b708984140094db5c": "his butchery", - "5727404b708984140094db5d": "unfairly biased", + "5727404b708984140094db5d": "unfairly biased against Genghis Khan and that his butchery", "57274126dd62a815002e9a24": "\u20ae", "57274126dd62a815002e9a25": "Genghis Khan", - "57274126dd62a815002e9a26": "Chinggis Khaan International Airport", - "57274126dd62a815002e9a27": "avoid trivialization", + "57274126dd62a815002e9a26": "Chinggis Khaan", + "57274126dd62a815002e9a27": "trivialization", "57274126dd62a815002e9a28": "Ulaanbaatar", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63a": "Ikh Zasag (Great Administration", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63b": "corruption and bribery", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63c": "Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63d": "the traditional Mongolian script", - "57275250708984140094dc25": "Inner Mongolia region", + "57275250708984140094dc25": "Inner Mongolia", "57275250708984140094dc26": "5 million", - "57275250708984140094dc27": "Kublai Khan", + "57275250708984140094dc27": "Kublai Khan completed that conquest and established the Yuan dynasty", "57275250708984140094dc28": "Yuan dynasty", "57275250708984140094dc29": "grandson Kublai Khan", "572753af708984140094dc2f": "Iran", - "572753af708984140094dc30": "three-fourths", + "572753af708984140094dc30": "three-fourths of the population of the Iranian Plateau, possibly 10 to 15 million", "572753af708984140094dc31": "10 to 15 million", "572754cd5951b619008f8863": "Hulagu Khan", - "572754cd5951b619008f8864": "the Mamluks of Egypt", + "572754cd5951b619008f8864": "Mamluks", "572754cd5951b619008f8865": "Ghazan Khan", "572754cd5951b619008f8866": "1237", - "572754cd5951b619008f8867": "Novgorod and Pskov", + "572754cd5951b619008f8867": "Novgorod", "572756715951b619008f8877": "Mughal emperors", "572756715951b619008f8878": "Timur", "572756715951b619008f8879": "Nishapur", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69a": "tenggis", - "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69b": "Lake Baikal and ocean", - "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69c": "right\", \"just\", or \"true", + "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69b": "Lake Baikal", + "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69c": "\"right\", \"just\", or \"true", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69d": "Zh\u00e8ng", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69e": "Chinggis", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b78": "Chinggis Khaan", @@ -6350,61 +6350,61 @@ "5726d8bd708984140094d35b": "pharma", "5726d8bd708984140094d35c": "tobacco and patent medicines", "5726d8bd708984140094d35d": "sorcery or even poison", - "5726d8bd708984140094d35e": "outdated", - "5726d8bd708984140094d35f": "herbs", + "5726d8bd708984140094d35e": "outdated or only approproriate", + "5726d8bd708984140094d35f": "many other herbs", "5726d9935951b619008f7fed": "healthcare professionals", - "5726d9935951b619008f7fee": "optimal health outcomes", - "5726d9935951b619008f7fef": "optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines", - "5726d9935951b619008f7ff0": "ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines. Pharmacists may also be small-business proprietors", - "5726d9935951b619008f7ff1": "specialised education and training", - "5726da89dd62a815002e92b2": "the General Pharmaceutical Council", + "5726d9935951b619008f7fee": "optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines", + "5726d9935951b619008f7fef": "drug treatment", + "5726d9935951b619008f7ff0": "optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines", + "5726d9935951b619008f7ff1": "mode of action of a particular drug", + "5726da89dd62a815002e92b2": "other senior pharmacy technicians", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b3": "General Pharmaceutical Council", - "5726da89dd62a815002e92b4": "the General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC) register", - "5726da89dd62a815002e92b5": "health care", - "5726da89dd62a815002e92b6": "manage the pharmacy department and specialised areas", - "5726db5add62a815002e92d5": "writing a five volume book", + "5726da89dd62a815002e92b4": "the pharmacy department", + "5726da89dd62a815002e92b5": "health care professional", + "5726da89dd62a815002e92b6": "manage the pharmacy department", + "5726db5add62a815002e92d5": "a five volume book", "5726db5add62a815002e92d6": "De Materia Medica", "5726db5add62a815002e92d7": "materia medica", - "5726db5add62a815002e92d4": "Diocles of Carystus", + "5726db5add62a815002e92d4": "Diocles", "5726db5add62a815002e92d8": "many middle eastern scientists", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9320": "highly respected", - "5726dcbddd62a815002e9321": "Taih\u014d Code", + "5726dcbddd62a815002e9321": "Taih\u014d Code (701) and re-stated in the Y\u014dr\u014d Code (718", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9322": "the pre-Heian Imperial court", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9323": "Ranked positions", - "5726dcbddd62a815002e9324": "above", - "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee04": "botany and chemistry", + "5726dcbddd62a815002e9324": "two personal physicians of the Emperor", + "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee04": "Middle East in botany and chemistry", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee05": "Muhammad ibn Zakar\u012bya R\u0101zi (Rhazes)", - "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee06": "Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis)", - "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee08": "He", - "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee07": "simple drugs", + "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee06": "simples", + "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee08": "Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis)", + "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee07": "sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate", "5726deed5951b619008f80c5": "1317", "5726deed5951b619008f80c6": "Florence, Italy", - "5726deed5951b619008f80c7": "museum", + "5726deed5951b619008f80c7": "a museum", "5726deed5951b619008f80c8": "antique drugs", "5726deed5951b619008f80c9": "1221", "5726e08e5951b619008f810f": "pharmacy legislation", - "5726e08e5951b619008f8110": "compounding/dispensing medications", + "5726e08e5951b619008f8110": "communicating with patients", "5726e08e5951b619008f8111": "automation", - "5726e08e5951b619008f8112": "patients' prescriptions", + "5726e08e5951b619008f8112": "patients' prescriptions and patient safety issues", "5726e08e5951b619008f8113": "the dispensary", "5726e179dd62a815002e93ae": "hospitals", "5726e179dd62a815002e93af": "various disciplines of pharmacy", "5726e179dd62a815002e93b0": "patient compliance issues", - "5726e179dd62a815002e93b1": "practicing in hospitals", - "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb2": "the premises of the hospital", - "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb3": "unit-dose, or a single dose of medicine", + "5726e179dd62a815002e93b1": "many pharmacists practicing in hospitals", + "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb2": "the hospital", + "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb3": "unit-dose", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb4": "high risk preparations", - "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb5": "The high cost", - "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb6": "a complex process that requires adequate training of personnel, quality assurance of products, and adequate facilities.", + "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb5": "The high cost of medications and drug-related technology, combined with the potential impact of medications and pharmacy services on patient-care outcomes and patient safety", + "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb6": "the premises of the hospital", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9404": "direct patient care services", - "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9405": "inside hospitals and clinics", + "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9405": "hospitals and clinics", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9406": "physicians and other healthcare professionals", - "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9407": "patient care rounds drug product selection", + "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9407": "drug product selection", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9408": "hospitals and clinics", - "5726e5c95951b619008f81cb": "involves", - "5726e5c95951b619008f81cc": "an evaluation", - "5726e5c95951b619008f81cd": "involves creating a comprehensive drug therapy plan", - "5726e5c95951b619008f81ce": "monitor for potential drug interactions, adverse drug reactions", + "5726e5c95951b619008f81cb": "a comprehensive drug therapy plan for patient-specific problems", + "5726e5c95951b619008f81cc": "evaluation of the appropriateness", + "5726e5c95951b619008f81cd": "appropriateness of the drug therapy (e.g., drug choice, dose, route, frequency, and duration of therapy) and its efficacy", + "5726e5c95951b619008f81ce": "potential drug interactions, adverse drug reactions, and assess patient drug allergies", "5726e985dd62a815002e94da": "full independent prescribing authority", "5726e985dd62a815002e94db": "North Carolina and New Mexico", "5726e985dd62a815002e94dc": "2011", @@ -6413,120 +6413,120 @@ "5726ea985951b619008f8261": "medication regimen review", "5726ea985951b619008f8262": "nursing homes", "5726ea985951b619008f8263": "Omnicare, Kindred Healthcare and PharMerica", - "5726ea985951b619008f8264": "primarily because", + "5726ea985951b619008f8264": "many elderly people", "5726ea985951b619008f8265": "consulting services", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826b": "about the year 2000", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826c": "brick-and-mortar community pharmacies", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826d": "online pharmacies", - "5726eb4b5951b619008f826e": "to be more convenient and private method rather than traveling to a community drugstore where another customer might overhear about the drugs that they take. Internet pharmacies", + "5726eb4b5951b619008f826e": "homebound", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826f": "the method", - "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00c": "to avoid the \"inconvenience", - "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00d": "especially by", + "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00c": "avoid the \"inconvenience\" of visiting a doctor", + "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00d": "doctors", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00e": "potentially dangerous", - "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00f": "sell prescription drugs", + "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00f": "prescription drugs", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f010": "prescription drugs", - "5726edecdd62a815002e957e": "the ease with which people, youth in particular, can obtain controlled substances (e.", - "5726edecdd62a815002e957f": "In the United States", - "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05e": "the ease with which people, youth in particular, can obtain controlled substances (e.", - "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05f": "the United States", + "5726edecdd62a815002e957e": "the ease with which people, youth in particular, can obtain controlled substances (e.g., Vicodin", + "5726edecdd62a815002e957f": "a licensed practitioner acting in the course of legitimate doctor-patient relationship. The filling pharmacy", + "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05e": "the ease with which people, youth in particular, can obtain controlled substances (e.g., Vicodin", + "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05f": "a licensed practitioner acting in the course of legitimate doctor-patient relationship", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f060": "ensure that the prescription is valid", - "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f061": "state laws", - "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f062": "Vicodin", - "5726f0e35951b619008f82f7": "in order to reduce consumer costs", + "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f061": "individual state laws", + "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f062": "a \"patient", + "5726f0e35951b619008f82f7": "consumer costs", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f8": "Canada", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f9": "international drug suppliers", - "5726f0e35951b619008f82fa": "the United States, there has been a push to legalize importation of medications from Canada and other countries, in order to reduce consumer costs.", - "5726f0e35951b619008f82fb": "legalize importation of medications", + "5726f0e35951b619008f82fa": "U.S. citizens", + "5726f0e35951b619008f82fb": "importation", "5726f2375951b619008f830f": "applied information science", - "5726f2375951b619008f8310": "information technology departments", - "5726f2375951b619008f8311": "health system interoperability goals", - "5726f2375951b619008f8312": "pharmacy", + "5726f2375951b619008f8310": "information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor companies", + "5726f2375951b619008f8311": "patient information projects", + "5726f2375951b619008f8312": "many practice areas of pharmacy", "5726f2375951b619008f8313": "quickly", - "5726f36cdd62a815002e95fe": "Specialty pharmacies", + "5726f36cdd62a815002e95fe": "specialty drugs", "5726f36cdd62a815002e95ff": "19", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9600": "chronic and complex disease states such as cancer, hepatitis, and rheumatoid arthritis", - "5726f36cdd62a815002e9601": "injectable, oral, infused, or inhaled medications", + "5726f36cdd62a815002e9601": "novel medications", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9602": "lab monitoring, adherence counseling", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0da": "separately from physicians", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0db": "pharmacists", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dc": "American Medical Association (AMA) Code of Ethics", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dd": "7 to 10 percent", - "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0de": "supply scheduled pharmaceuticals", + "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0de": "\"kickback\" payments", "5726f635dd62a815002e9657": "Austria", - "5726f635dd62a815002e9656": "rural areas", + "5726f635dd62a815002e9656": "rural areas in the United Kingdom", "5726f635dd62a815002e9658": "1.6 kilometres", "5726f635dd62a815002e9659": "1.6 kilometres", - "5726f7715951b619008f838d": "the high risk of a conflict of interest and/or the avoidance of absolute powers.", + "5726f7715951b619008f838d": "the high risk of a conflict of interest and/or the avoidance of absolute powers", "5726f7715951b619008f838e": "financial self-interest", - "5726f7715951b619008f838f": "checks and balances system of the U.S. and many other governments", - "5726f7715951b619008f8391": "financial self-interest in", - "5726f7715951b619008f8390": "financial self-interest in", - "5726f868dd62a815002e9684": "more integral", - "5726f868dd62a815002e9685": "patient care skills", + "5726f7715951b619008f838f": "U.S. and many other governments", + "5726f7715951b619008f8391": "financial self-interest", + "5726f7715951b619008f8390": "cost-effective medication", + "5726f868dd62a815002e9684": "patient care skills", + "5726f868dd62a815002e9685": "Medication Therapy Management", "5726f868dd62a815002e9686": "clinical services", "5726f868dd62a815002e9687": "Medication Therapy Management", "5726f868dd62a815002e9688": "increased patient health outcomes", "5726f96ddd62a815002e9698": "Alberta and British Columbia", - "5726f96ddd62a815002e9699": "the Australian Government", + "5726f96ddd62a815002e9699": "remuneration from the Australian Government", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969a": "medicine use reviews", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969b": "pharmaceutical care or clinical pharmacy", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969c": "Doctor of Pharmacy", "5726fa525951b619008f83f7": "the mortar and pestle", "5726fa525951b619008f83f8": "The show globe", - "5726fa525951b619008f83f9": "the Netherlands", + "5726fa525951b619008f83f9": "Netherlands", "5726fa525951b619008f83fa": "Germany and Austria", "5726fa525951b619008f83fb": "France, Argentina", - "5726e65e708984140094d53d": "The immune system", + "5726e65e708984140094d53d": "protects against disease", "5726e65e708984140094d53e": "disease", - "5726e65e708984140094d53f": "innate immune system", + "5726e65e708984140094d53f": "innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity", "5726e65e708984140094d540": "neuroimmune system", - "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efda": "The immune system", + "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efda": "protects against disease", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdb": "disease", - "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdc": "innate immune system", + "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdc": "innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity", "5728eff82ca10214002daadc": "disease", - "5728eff82ca10214002daadd": "pathogens", + "5728eff82ca10214002daadd": "viruses to parasitic worms", "5728eff82ca10214002daade": "neuroimmune system", "5728eff82ca10214002daadf": "the blood\u2013brain barrier", - "572a14af3f37b319004786c1": "pathogens", - "572a14af3f37b319004786c3": "innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system", - "572a14af3f37b319004786c2": "cell-mediated immunity", + "572a14af3f37b319004786c1": "viruses to parasitic worms", + "572a14af3f37b319004786c3": "innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity", + "572a14af3f37b319004786c2": "cell-mediated", "572a14af3f37b319004786c4": "neuroimmune system", "5726eb785951b619008f8275": "rapidly evolve and adapt", - "5726eb785951b619008f8276": "a rudimentary immune system", + "5726eb785951b619008f8276": "rudimentary", "5726eb785951b619008f8277": "eukaryotes", - "5726eb785951b619008f8278": "the basis of vaccination", - "572a135daf94a219006aa79f": "bacteriophage infections", + "5726eb785951b619008f8278": "immunological memory", + "572a135daf94a219006aa79f": "bacteriophage", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a0": "defensins", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a1": "vaccination", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a2": "Adaptive (or acquired) immunity", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe2": "autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer", - "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe3": "Immunodeficiency", + "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe3": "when the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe4": "recurring and life-threatening infections", - "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe5": "Immunodeficiency", + "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe5": "a genetic disease", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe6": "Hashimoto's thyroiditis", "5728f2e26aef051400154896": "Immunodeficiency", "5728f2e26aef051400154897": "autoimmunity", "5728f2e26aef051400154898": "Immunology", "5728f2e26aef051400154899": "HIV/AIDS", - "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f166": "the plague of Athens in 430 BC", + "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f166": "430 BC", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f167": "scorpion venom", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f168": "Louis Pasteur", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f169": "Walter Reed", "5728f3724b864d1900165116": "Robert Koch", "5728f3724b864d1900165117": "microorganisms", - "5728f3724b864d1900165118": "yellow fever virus", - "5728f3724b864d1900165119": "during the plague of Athens in 430 BC", - "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16e": "adaptive immune system", + "5728f3724b864d1900165118": "yellow fever", + "5728f3724b864d1900165119": "430 BC", + "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16e": "improve its recognition of the pathogen. This improved response is then retained after the pathogen has been eliminated, in the form of an immunological memory", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16f": "adaptive immune system", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f170": "adaptive immune system", "5728f6446aef0514001548e4": "Innate", "5728f6446aef0514001548e5": "adaptive immune system", - "5728f6446aef0514001548e6": "This improved response is then retained after the pathogen has been eliminated, in the form of an immunological memory", + "5728f6446aef0514001548e6": "an immunological memory", "5728f6446aef0514001548e7": "physical barriers", - "5728f7774b864d190016512e": "non-self molecules", + "5728f7774b864d190016512e": "self and non-self molecules", "5728f7774b864d190016512f": "self molecules", "5728f7774b864d1900165130": "non-self molecules are those recognized as foreign molecules", - "5728f7774b864d1900165131": "antigens (short for antibody generators", + "5728f7774b864d1900165131": "antigens", "5728f7774b864d1900165132": "specific immune receptors", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5a": "pattern recognition receptors", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5b": "innate immune system", @@ -6539,15 +6539,15 @@ "5728fb002ca10214002dab6e": "tears and urine", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec7": "\u03b2-defensins", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec8": "lysozyme and phospholipase A2", - "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec9": "zinc", - "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9eca": "gastric acid and proteases", + "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec9": "defensins and zinc", + "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9eca": "proteases", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ecb": "menarche", - "5728fd206aef05140015494c": "commensal flora", + "5728fd206aef05140015494c": "commensal flora serve as biological barriers by competing with pathogenic bacteria", "5728fd206aef05140015494d": "fungi", "5728fd206aef05140015494e": "lactobacilli", "5728fd206aef05140015494f": "pH or available iron", "572900f73f37b31900477f69": "Inflammation", - "572900f73f37b31900477f6a": "redness, swelling, heat, and pain", + "572900f73f37b31900477f6a": "increased blood flow into tissue", "572900f73f37b31900477f6b": "eicosanoids and cytokines", "572900f73f37b31900477f6c": "prostaglandins", "572900f73f37b31900477f6d": "interleukins", @@ -6555,7 +6555,7 @@ "572905ce1d04691400778f84": "cytokines", "572905ce1d04691400778f85": "phagosome", "572905ce1d04691400778f86": "phagolysosome", - "572905ce1d04691400778f87": "nutrients", + "572905ce1d04691400778f87": "acquiring nutrients", "5729081d3f37b31900477fab": "Neutrophils and macrophages", "5729081d3f37b31900477fac": "Neutrophils", "5729081d3f37b31900477fad": "50% to 60%", @@ -6564,49 +6564,49 @@ "572908c13f37b31900477fbd": "Leukocytes", "572908c13f37b31900477fbe": "Leukocytes", "572908c13f37b31900477fbf": "adaptive immune system", - "572908c13f37b31900477fc0": "phagocytes", + "572908c13f37b31900477fc0": "macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells", "5729efab3f37b319004785cf": "Dendritic cells", "5729efab3f37b319004785d0": "neuronal dendrites", "5729efab3f37b319004785d1": "T cells", "5729efab3f37b319004785d2": "T cells", "5729f06f1d04691400779674": "missing self", "5729f06f1d04691400779673": "Natural killer cells", - "5729f06f1d04691400779675": "MHC I (major histocompatibility complex", - "5729f06f1d04691400779676": "killer cell immunoglobulin receptors", + "5729f06f1d04691400779675": "MHC I", + "5729f06f1d04691400779676": "killer cell immunoglobulin receptors (KIR", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e1": "vertebrates", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e2": "antigen presentation", - "5729f12e3f37b319004785e3": "pathogens", - "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d3": "killer T cell and the helper T cell", + "5729f12e3f37b319004785e3": "specific pathogens or pathogen-infected cells", + "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d3": "the killer T cell and the helper T cell", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d4": "regulatory T cells", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d5": "Class I", - "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d6": "Class II MHC molecules", - "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d7": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells", - "5729f39a6aef05140015514c": "Killer T cells", + "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d6": "Class II", + "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d7": "\u03b3\u03b4", + "5729f39a6aef05140015514c": "Killer", "5729f39a6aef05140015514e": "CD8", - "5729f39a6aef05140015514d": "T cell receptor", + "5729f39a6aef05140015514d": "MHC Class I", "5729f39a6aef051400155150": "granulysin", "5729f39a6aef05140015514f": "perforin", "5729f4b41d0469140077968b": "CD4", - "5729f4b41d0469140077968c": "around 200\u2013300", - "5729f4b41d0469140077968d": "around 200\u2013300", + "5729f4b41d0469140077968c": "200\u2013300", + "5729f4b41d0469140077968d": "many receptors (around 200\u2013300", "5729f4b41d0469140077968e": "cytokines", "5729f4b41d0469140077968f": "CD40", "5729f5a03f37b31900478605": "helper T cells", - "5729f5a03f37b31900478606": "T cell receptor", - "5729f5a03f37b31900478607": "Gamma delta T cells", + "5729f5a03f37b31900478606": "T cell receptor (TCR", + "5729f5a03f37b31900478607": "Gamma delta", "5729f5a03f37b31900478608": "receptor diversity", - "5729f5a03f37b31900478609": "V\u03b39/V\u03b42 T cells", + "5729f5a03f37b31900478609": "V\u03b39", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6f9": "B cell", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fa": "proteolysis", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fb": "lymphokines", - "5729f799af94a219006aa707": "long-lived memory cells", - "5729f799af94a219006aa708": "adaptive", + "5729f799af94a219006aa707": "memory cells", + "5729f799af94a219006aa708": "a strong response", "5729f799af94a219006aa709": "passive short-term memory or active long-term memory", "5729f799af94a219006aa70a": "pathogen", "5729f8516aef05140015516c": "microbes", "5729f8516aef05140015516d": "IgG", "5729f8516aef05140015516e": "Breast milk or colostrum", - "5729f8516aef05140015516f": "passive immunity", + "5729f8516aef05140015516f": "passive immunity is usually short-term, lasting from a few days up to several months", "5729f9953f37b3190047861f": "immunomodulators", "5729f9953f37b31900478620": "adaptive and innate immune responses", "5729f9953f37b31900478621": "lupus erythematosus", @@ -6618,62 +6618,62 @@ "5729fb003f37b31900478628": "vitamin D", "5729fb003f37b31900478629": "thyroid hormone activity", "5729fb003f37b3190047862a": "cholecalciferol", - "5729fc3d1d0469140077969d": "killer T cells", - "5729fc3d1d0469140077969e": "MHC class I molecules", + "5729fc3d1d0469140077969d": "killer T cells, sometimes with the assistance of helper T cells", + "5729fc3d1d0469140077969e": "MHC class I molecules on their surface than normal", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969f": "viral antigens", - "5729fc3d1d046914007796a0": "MHC class I molecules", + "5729fc3d1d046914007796a0": "antibodies", "5729fd111d046914007796a5": "phagocytic cells", "5729fd111d046914007796a6": "Pathogen-associated molecular patterns", - "5729fd111d046914007796a7": "rapid apoptosis", + "5729fd111d046914007796a7": "apoptosis", "5729fd111d046914007796a8": "Systemic acquired resistance", "5729fd111d046914007796a9": "RNA silencing mechanisms", "5729fe5c3f37b3190047862f": "autoimmune disorders", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478630": "self and non-self", - "5729fe5c3f37b31900478631": "the thymus and bone marrow", - "5729fe5c3f37b31900478632": "self\" peptides", + "5729fe5c3f37b31900478631": "thymus and bone marrow", + "5729fe5c3f37b31900478632": "\"self\"", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa739": "Immunodeficiencies", - "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73a": "elderly", - "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73b": "50 years of age", - "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73c": "obesity, alcoholism, and drug use", + "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73a": "young and the elderly", + "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73b": "50 years of age due to immunosenescence", + "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73c": "obesity", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73d": "malnutrition", - "5729ffda1d046914007796af": "through vaccination", + "5729ffda1d046914007796af": "vaccination", "5729ffda1d046914007796b0": "immunization", - "5729ffda1d046914007796b1": "antigen from a pathogen", - "5729ffda1d046914007796b2": "inducibility", + "5729ffda1d046914007796b1": "an antigen from a pathogen", + "5729ffda1d046914007796b2": "the natural specificity of the immune system, as well as its inducibility", "572a019f3f37b31900478643": "enzymes", - "572a019f3f37b31900478644": "type III secretion system", - "572a019f3f37b31900478645": "shut down", - "572a019f3f37b31900478646": "elude", + "572a019f3f37b31900478644": "type III", + "572a019f3f37b31900478645": "shut down host defenses", + "572a019f3f37b31900478646": "elude host immune responses", "572a02483f37b3190047864b": "Frank Burnet", "572a02483f37b3190047864c": "pathogens", "572a02483f37b3190047864d": "histocompatibility", "572a02483f37b3190047864e": "Niels Jerne", "572a03086aef0514001551a2": "Glucocorticoids", - "572a03086aef0514001551a3": "cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs", + "572a03086aef0514001551a3": "cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs such as methotrexate or azathioprine", "572a03086aef0514001551a4": "methotrexate or azathioprine", "572a03086aef0514001551a5": "cyclosporin", "572a04d51d046914007796cd": "cytotoxic natural killer cells", "572a04d51d046914007796ce": "cortisol and catecholamines", "572a04d51d046914007796cf": "melatonin", - "572a04d51d046914007796d0": "free radical", + "572a04d51d046914007796d0": "free radical production", "572a058aaf94a219006aa751": "vitamin D receptor", "572a058aaf94a219006aa752": "steroid hormone calcitriol", "572a058aaf94a219006aa753": "symbiotic", "572a058aaf94a219006aa754": "CYP27B1", - "572a058aaf94a219006aa755": "dendritic cells", + "572a058aaf94a219006aa755": "dendritic cells, keratinocytes and macrophages", "572a06af3f37b31900478667": "Pattern recognition receptors", "572a06af3f37b31900478668": "defensins", "572a06af3f37b31900478669": "phagocytic cells", - "572a06af3f37b3190047866a": "RNA interference pathway", + "572a06af3f37b3190047866a": "Ribonucleases and the RNA interference pathway", "572a07fc6aef0514001551dc": "Many of the classical molecules of the adaptive immune system (e.g., immunoglobulins", - "572a07fc6aef0514001551dd": "the lamprey and hagfish", + "572a07fc6aef0514001551dd": "hagfish", "572a07fc6aef0514001551de": "Variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs", "572a07fc6aef0514001551df": "adaptive immune system", "572a096e6aef0514001551e4": "lymphocytes", "572a096e6aef0514001551e5": "restriction modification system", "572a096e6aef0514001551e6": "viral pathogens, called bacteriophages", - "572a096e6aef0514001551e7": "CRISPR sequences", - "572a0a686aef0514001551ec": "cellular\" and \"humoral\" theories of immunity", + "572a096e6aef0514001551e7": "CRISPR", + "572a0a686aef0514001551ec": "\"cellular\" and \"humoral", "572a0a686aef0514001551ed": "Elie Metchnikoff", "572a0a686aef0514001551ee": "phagocytes", "572a0a686aef0514001551ef": "Robert Koch and Emil von Behring", @@ -6684,336 +6684,336 @@ "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f9": "macrophages and lymphocytes", "572a0bf96aef051400155204": "Hypersensitivity", "572a0bf96aef051400155205": "four", - "572a0bf96aef051400155206": "Type I hypersensitivity is an immediate or anaphylactic reaction", + "572a0bf96aef051400155206": "Type I hypersensitivity is an immediate or anaphylactic", "572a0bf96aef051400155207": "IgE", "572a0bf96aef051400155208": "cytotoxic", "572a0ce11d046914007796fd": "intracellular pathogenesis", "572a0ce11d046914007796fe": "Salmonella", "572a0ce11d046914007796ff": "Plasmodium falciparum", "572a0ce11d04691400779700": "Mycobacterium tuberculosis", - "572a0ce11d04691400779701": "protein A", + "572a0ce11d04691400779701": "A", "572a0e4b6aef051400155214": "antigenic variation", "572a0e4b6aef051400155215": "HIV", "572a0e4b6aef051400155216": "Trypanosoma brucei", - "572a0e4b6aef051400155217": "antigens with host molecules", + "572a0e4b6aef051400155217": "antigens", "572a0f073f37b3190047867f": "immune surveillance", "572a0f073f37b31900478680": "human papillomavirus", "572a0f073f37b31900478681": "tyrosinase", "572a0f073f37b31900478682": "melanomas", "572a0f073f37b31900478683": "melanocytes) into tumors called melanomas", - "572a10cd6aef051400155222": "(>500 Da", + "572a10cd6aef051400155222": "(>500", "572a10cd6aef051400155223": "hydrophilic amino acids", "572a10cd6aef051400155224": "Immunoproteomics", "572a10cd6aef051400155225": "B cells", "572a10cd6aef051400155226": "immunoinformatics", - "572a12386aef051400155234": "leptin, pituitary growth hormone, and prolactin", + "572a12386aef051400155234": "the hormones leptin, pituitary growth hormone, and prolactin", "572a12386aef051400155235": "APCs", - "572a12386aef051400155236": "Th1", - "572a12386aef051400155237": "Th1 immune responses", + "572a12386aef051400155236": "Th1/Th2 cytokine balance towards one that supports Th1", + "572a12386aef051400155237": "Th1", "572a142e3f37b319004786b9": "carbohydrates", "572a142e3f37b319004786bc": "disrupting their plasma membrane", "572a142e3f37b319004786ba": "signal amplification", - "572a142e3f37b319004786bb": "catalytic cascade", + "572a142e3f37b319004786bb": "catalytic cascade that amplifies the initial signal by controlled positive feedback", "57271c235951b619008f860b": "Civil disobedience", - "57271c235951b619008f860c": "the fight against apartheid", + "57271c235951b619008f860c": "fight against apartheid", "57271c235951b619008f860d": "Singing Revolution", "57271c235951b619008f860e": "Ukraine", "57271c235951b619008f860f": "Georgia", - "5728d4c03acd2414000dff9f": "Egyptians", - "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa0": "Egyptians against the British occupation", - "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa1": "Civil disobedience", + "5728d4c03acd2414000dff9f": "Egyptians against the British occupation in the 1919 Revolution", + "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa0": "1919 Revolution", + "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa1": "one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa2": "unfair laws", - "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa3": "American Civil Rights Movement", + "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa3": "Civil Rights Movement", "57271f125951b619008f8635": "Antigone", "57271f125951b619008f8636": "Oedipus", "57271f125951b619008f8637": "Creon", "57271f125951b619008f8638": "Antigone", - "57271f125951b619008f8639": "giving her brother Polynices a proper burial", + "57271f125951b619008f8639": "her brother Polynices a proper burial", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb3": "Antigone", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb4": "Sophocles", - "5728d5793acd2414000dffb5": "Antigone", + "5728d5793acd2414000dffb5": "Polynices", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb6": "civil disobedience", - "5728d5793acd2414000dffb7": "defies", + "5728d5793acd2414000dffb7": "Sophocles' play Antigone", "5727213c708984140094da35": "Percy Shelley", "5727213c708984140094da36": "nonviolent protest", "5727213c708984140094da38": "Satyagraha", "5727213c708984140094da39": "a free India", - "5727213c708984140094da37": "Henry David Thoreau in his essay Civil Disobedience, and later by Gandhi", + "5727213c708984140094da37": "Henry David Thoreau", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f18": "Percy Shelley", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f19": "unjust forms of authority", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1a": "nonviolent protest", - "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1c": "Satyagraha", + "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1c": "Masque of Anarchy", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1b": "Henry David Thoreau", - "572726c9708984140094da7b": "muggers, arsonists, draft evaders, campaign hecklers, campus militants, anti-war demonstrators, juvenile delinquents and political assassins", + "572726c9708984140094da7b": "muggers", "572726c9708984140094da7e": "Marshall Cohen", "572726c9708984140094da7c": "ambiguity", - "572726c9708984140094da7d": "debased", - "5728d6f02ca10214002da90e": "utterly debased", + "572726c9708984140094da7d": "utterly debased", + "5728d6f02ca10214002da90e": "debased", "5728d6f02ca10214002da90f": "Marshall Cohen", "5728d6f02ca10214002da910": "debased", "5728d6f02ca10214002da911": "Vice President Agnew", - "5728d6f02ca10214002da912": "ambiguity", + "5728d6f02ca10214002da912": "a test-case", "572807802ca10214002d9bf8": "LeGrande", - "572807802ca10214002d9bf9": "impossible", - "572807802ca10214002d9bfa": "the subject, the student of civil disobedience", + "572807802ca10214002d9bf9": "the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult, if not impossible", + "572807802ca10214002d9bfa": "no more (or no less) meaning than the individual orator intends it to have.\"", "572807802ca10214002d9bfb": "semantical problems", - "572807802ca10214002d9bfc": "LeGrande", - "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4c": "LeGrande", - "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4d": "voluminous literature", - "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4e": "the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult", - "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4f": "the subject, the student of civil disobedience rapidly finds himself surrounded by a maze of semantical problems and grammatical niceties.", + "572807802ca10214002d9bfc": "no more (or no less) meaning than the individual orator", + "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4c": "the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult, if not impossible", + "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4d": "voluminous literature on the subject", + "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4e": "semantical problems", + "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4f": "lawful protest demonstration", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f50": "violent civil disobedience", - "57280f974b864d1900164370": "Civil disobedience", - "57280f974b864d1900164371": "private citizen", - "57280f974b864d1900164372": "relation to the state and its laws", - "57280f974b864d1900164373": "Civil disobedience", - "57280f974b864d1900164374": "Civil disobedience", - "5728d9403acd2414000e001b": "a citizen's relation to the state and its laws", - "5728d9403acd2414000e001c": "the state and its laws, as distinguished from a constitutional impasse in which two public agencies, especially two equally sovereign branches of government, conflict.", - "5728d9403acd2414000e001d": "the head of government", - "5728d9403acd2414000e001e": "the state and its laws, as distinguished from a constitutional impasse in which two public agencies, especially two equally sovereign branches of government, conflict.", - "5728d9403acd2414000e001f": "the head of government of a country were to refuse to enforce a decision of that country's highest court, it would not be civil disobedience", + "57280f974b864d1900164370": "civil disobedience", + "57280f974b864d1900164371": "two public agencies, especially two equally sovereign branches of government", + "57280f974b864d1900164372": "state and its laws", + "57280f974b864d1900164373": "two public agencies, especially two equally sovereign branches of government", + "57280f974b864d1900164374": "a constitutional impasse", + "5728d9403acd2414000e001b": "state and its laws", + "5728d9403acd2414000e001c": "if the head of government of a country were to refuse to enforce a decision of that country's highest court, it would not be civil disobedience", + "5728d9403acd2414000e001d": "the head of government would be acting in her or his capacity as public official rather than private citizen", + "5728d9403acd2414000e001e": "private citizen", + "5728d9403acd2414000e001f": "private citizen", "572812e74b864d19001643ce": "Thoreau", - "572812e74b864d19001643cf": "imprisonment", + "572812e74b864d19001643cf": "Resign", "572812e74b864d19001643d0": "conscience", - "572812e74b864d19001643d1": "Resign", - "572812e74b864d19001643d2": "The individual", + "572812e74b864d19001643d1": "\u201cResign", + "572812e74b864d19001643d2": "elite politicians", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005d": "The individual", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005e": "only individuals", - "5728dafe3acd2414000e005f": "Thoreau", - "5728dafe3acd2414000e0060": "Resign", - "5728dafe3acd2414000e0061": "will of the majority", - "5728151b4b864d1900164428": "non-governmental agencies", - "5728151b4b864d1900164429": "trade unions, banks, and private universities", - "5728151b4b864d190016442a": "non-governmental agencies", + "5728dafe3acd2414000e005f": "an individual in the form of a postman", + "5728dafe3acd2414000e0060": "\u201cResign", + "5728dafe3acd2414000e0061": "the will", + "5728151b4b864d1900164428": "non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects \"a larger challenge to the legal system", + "5728151b4b864d1900164429": "non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities", + "5728151b4b864d190016442a": "non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects \"a larger challenge to the legal system", "5728151b4b864d190016442b": "international organizations and foreign governments", - "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0080": "Brownlee", - "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0081": "the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities", + "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0080": "non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities", + "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0081": "a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\".", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e007f": "governmental entities", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0083": "private universities", "572818f54b864d190016446c": "civil disobedience", "572818f54b864d190016446d": "covert lawbreaking", - "572818f54b864d190016446e": "the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking", + "572818f54b864d190016446e": "a Jew", "572818f54b864d190016446f": "Book of Exodus", "572818f54b864d1900164470": "Shiphrah and Puah", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d2": "publicly announced", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d3": "rules that conflict with morality", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d4": "assisting in fabricating evidence or committing perjury", - "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d5": "Hitler's secret police", + "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d5": "Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d6": "Exodus", "57281c594b864d19001644a2": "non-violent", - "57281c594b864d19001644a3": "Black's Law Dictionary", + "57281c594b864d19001644a3": "Black's Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience", "57281c594b864d19001644a4": "rebellion", - "57281c594b864d19001644a5": "tolerance", - "57281c594b864d19001644a6": "non-violent", + "57281c594b864d19001644a5": "preserve society's tolerance", + "57281c594b864d19001644a6": "non-violence", "5728df634b864d1900164fe2": "non-violent", "5728df634b864d1900164fe3": "force and violence", - "5728df634b864d1900164fe4": "rebellion", - "5728df634b864d1900164fe6": "non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience. Christian Bay's encyclopedia article states that civil disobedience requires \"carefully chosen and legitimate means", + "5728df634b864d1900164fe4": "constitutional defects, rebellion is much more destructive", + "5728df634b864d1900164fe6": "non-violent", "5728202c4b864d19001644ec": "Revolutionary civil disobedience", "5728202c4b864d19001644ed": "Hungarians under Ferenc De\u00e1k", "5728202c4b864d19001644ee": "Ferenc De\u00e1k", - "5728202c4b864d19001644ef": "Gandhi", - "5728202c4b864d19001644f0": "the social fabric). Gandhi's acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience.", - "5728e07e3acd2414000e00e9": "Non-revolutionary civil disobedience", + "5728202c4b864d19001644ef": "overthrow a government", + "5728202c4b864d19001644f0": "cultural traditions", + "5728e07e3acd2414000e00e9": "Non-revolutionary", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ea": "Non-revolutionary civil disobedience is a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00eb": "Non-revolutionary civil disobedience is a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience", - "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ec": "Revolutionary civil disobedience", + "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ec": "Revolutionary", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ed": "Gandhi", - "572822233acd2414000df555": "the Roman Empire", - "572822233acd2414000df556": "gathered in the streets", - "572822233acd2414000df557": "any newspapers", + "572822233acd2414000df555": "Roman Empire", + "572822233acd2414000df556": "Unarmed Jews gathered in the streets", + "572822233acd2414000df557": "not covered in any newspapers", "572822233acd2414000df558": "higher political office", - "572822233acd2414000df559": "after the end of the Mexican War", - "5728e3c33acd2414000e0131": "the Roman Empire", - "5728e3c33acd2414000e0132": "the installation of pagan images", + "572822233acd2414000df559": "the Mexican War", + "5728e3c33acd2414000e0131": "Roman Empire", + "5728e3c33acd2414000e0132": "the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0133": "refuse to sign bail", - "5728e3c33acd2414000e0134": "collective civil disobedience", - "5728e3c33acd2414000e0135": "the days, weeks and months", + "5728e3c33acd2414000e0134": "jail solidarity", + "5728e3c33acd2414000e0135": "days, weeks and months", "572825a92ca10214002d9efe": "illegal acts", "572825a92ca10214002d9eff": "propaganda purpose", "572825a92ca10214002d9f00": "Voice in the Wilderness", "572825a92ca10214002d9f01": "738 days", - "572825a92ca10214002d9f02": "preventing it from being cut down", - "5728e5224b864d1900165032": "illegal acts", - "5728e5224b864d1900165033": "civil disobedience", - "5728e5224b864d1900165034": "toward public policy goals", - "5728e5224b864d1900165035": "public policy goals", + "572825a92ca10214002d9f02": "Julia Butterfly Hill lived in Luna", + "5728e5224b864d1900165032": "trespassing at a nuclear-missile installation)...Such acts are often just a harassment", + "5728e5224b864d1900165033": "civil disobedience, which, even if they were widely practiced, would in themselves constitute hardly more than a nuisance", + "5728e5224b864d1900165034": "entirely symbolic illegal protests toward public policy goals", + "5728e5224b864d1900165035": "a desired social goal", "5728e5224b864d1900165036": "Julia Butterfly Hill", - "5728284e3acd2414000df5cd": "an email", - "5728284e3acd2414000df5ce": "Wise up or die", - "5728284e3acd2414000df5cf": "speech", + "5728284e3acd2414000df5cd": "an email to the Lebanon, New Hampshire city councilors stating, \"Wise up or die", + "5728284e3acd2414000df5ce": "\"Wise up or die", + "5728284e3acd2414000df5cf": "forbidden speech", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d0": "FCC v. Pacifica Foundation", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d1": "1978", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0171": "pure speech", - "5728e5f43acd2414000e0172": "the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies.", - "5728e5f43acd2414000e0173": "civil disobedience", - "5728e5f43acd2414000e0174": "the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies.", - "57282dfb4b864d1900164668": "a system to function", - "57282dfb4b864d1900164669": "by padlocking the gates and", - "57282dfb4b864d190016466a": "GCSB Waihopai by padlocking the gates", + "5728e5f43acd2414000e0172": "engaging in the forbidden speech", + "5728e5f43acd2414000e0173": "engaging in the forbidden speech", + "5728e5f43acd2414000e0174": "engaging in the forbidden speech", + "57282dfb4b864d1900164668": "it more difficult for a system to function", + "57282dfb4b864d1900164669": "by padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes", + "57282dfb4b864d190016466a": "GCSB Waihopai", "57282dfb4b864d190016466b": "limited coercion", "57282dfb4b864d190016466c": "coercive", - "5728e715ff5b5019007da914": "civil", - "5728e715ff5b5019007da916": "it more difficult for a system to function", - "5728e715ff5b5019007da917": "it more difficult for a system to function", - "5728e715ff5b5019007da918": "the table.\" The Plowshares organization temporarily closed GCSB Waihopai", - "5728e8212ca10214002daa6c": "criminal investigations and arrests", - "5728e8212ca10214002daa6d": "the same decisions and principles that apply in other criminal investigations and arrests arise also in civil disobedience cases", - "5728e8212ca10214002daa6e": "no useful purpose", - "5728e8212ca10214002daa6f": "the same decisions and principles that apply in other criminal investigations and arrests arise also in civil disobedience cases", - "5728e8212ca10214002daa70": "a suspect's talking to criminal investigators can serve no useful purpose, and may be harmful.", - "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c5": "their belief in the validity of the social contract", - "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c6": "their belief in the validity", - "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c7": "civil disobedients feel it is incumbent upon them to accept punishment", + "5728e715ff5b5019007da914": "civil disobedience", + "5728e715ff5b5019007da916": "more difficult for a system to function", + "5728e715ff5b5019007da917": "moral dialogue, nevertheless they may find it necessary to employ limited coercion in order to get their issue onto the table", + "5728e715ff5b5019007da918": ", nevertheless they may find it necessary to employ limited coercion in order to get their issue onto the table.\"", + "5728e8212ca10214002daa6c": "other criminal", + "5728e8212ca10214002daa6d": "make an impression on the officers", + "5728e8212ca10214002daa6e": "no useful purpose, and may be harmful", + "5728e8212ca10214002daa6f": "fear of seeming rude", + "5728e8212ca10214002daa70": "government", + "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c5": "social contract", + "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c6": "Some civil disobedients feel it is incumbent upon them to accept punishment because of their belief in the validity of the social contract", + "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c7": "infringe the rights of others", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c8": "anarchists", - "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c9": "don't believe in the legitimacy of any government", + "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c9": "anarchists, don't believe in the legitimacy of any government", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01d9": "whether or not to plead guilty", - "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01da": "duty", - "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01db": "whether or not to plead guilty", - "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dc": "creative plea", - "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dd": "creative plea", - "5728ec6a4b864d19001650aa": "the Camp Mercury nuclear test site", - "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ab": "a protest", - "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ac": "guilty,\" nevertheless, and given suspended sentences", - "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ad": "nolo contendere", + "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01da": "the punishment prescribed by law", + "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01db": "no wrong. I therefore plead not guilty.\"", + "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dc": "Guilt implies wrong-doing. I feel I have done no wrong. I may have violated some specific laws", + "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dd": "the beauty that surrounds us\"; this is known as a \"creative plea", + "5728ec6a4b864d19001650aa": "Camp Mercury", + "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ab": "Non-Violent Action", + "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ac": "suspended sentences", + "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ad": "\"nolo contendere", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ae": "suspended", - "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97c": "as a way of continuing their protest", - "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97d": "a way of continuing their protest, as a way of reminding their countrymen of injustice.", - "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97e": "the spirit of protest should be maintained", + "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97c": "as a way of continuing their protest, as a way of reminding their countrymen of injustice", + "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97d": "a rule connected with civil disobedience", + "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97e": "the spirit of protest should be maintained all the way", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97f": "the spirit of protest", "5728eef92ca10214002daab0": "a plea bargain", - "5728eef92ca10214002daab1": "no jail time", + "5728eef92ca10214002daab1": "no jail time. In some mass arrest situations, the activists decide to use solidarity tactics to secure the same plea bargain for everyone", "5728eef92ca10214002daab2": "solidarity tactics", - "5728eef92ca10214002daab3": "a blind plea", + "5728eef92ca10214002daab3": "a plea bargain", "5728eef92ca10214002daab4": "Mohandas Gandhi", - "5728f50baf94a219006a9e55": "in allocution", - "5728f50baf94a219006a9e56": "defiant speech, or a speech explaining their actions, in allocution", + "5728f50baf94a219006a9e55": "a defiant speech", + "5728f50baf94a219006a9e56": "defiant speech", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e57": "a result, the judge increased her sentence from 40 to 60 days. This action was upheld because, according to the U.S.", - "5728f50baf94a219006a9e58": "judge increased her sentence from 40 to 60 days", - "5728f50baf94a219006a9e59": "mistreatment", + "5728f50baf94a219006a9e58": "60 days", + "5728f50baf94a219006a9e59": "government officials", "5728facd4b864d1900165170": "win an acquittal", - "5728facd4b864d1900165171": "the years, this has been made more difficult by court decisions such as Sparf v.", - "5728facd4b864d1900165172": "seek jury nullification", + "5728facd4b864d1900165171": "the political circumstances surrounding the case and their reasons for breaking the law via civil disobedience.\"", + "5728facd4b864d1900165172": "inform the jury and the public of the political circumstances surrounding the case and their reasons for breaking the law via civil disobedience", "5728facd4b864d1900165173": "Vietnam War era", - "5728facd4b864d1900165174": "jury nullification", + "5728facd4b864d1900165174": "inform the jury and the public of the political circumstances surrounding the case and their reasons for breaking the law via civil disobedience.\"", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef5": "undermine the law", - "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef6": "theory", - "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef7": "One theory", - "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef8": "One theory", - "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef9": "punishment", + "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef6": "neither conscientious nor of social benefit", + "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef7": "neither conscientious nor of social benefit. Therefore, conscientious lawbreakers must be punished. Michael Bayles", + "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef8": "covertly and avoiding attribution, or by denying having committed the crime, or by fleeing the jurisdiction", + "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef9": "covertly and avoiding attribution, or by denying having committed the crime, or by fleeing the jurisdiction", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f11": "Indirect civil disobedience", - "5728fc9e1d04691400778f12": "direct civil disobedience", - "5728fc9e1d04691400778f13": "the Vietnam War", + "5728fc9e1d04691400778f12": "protesting the existence of a particular law", + "5728fc9e1d04691400778f13": "Vietnam War, courts typically refused to excuse the perpetrators of illegal protests from punishment on the basis of their challenging the legality of the Vietnam War", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f14": "The necessity defense", - "5728fc9e1d04691400778f15": "necessity", + "5728fc9e1d04691400778f15": "prosecutors have reasoned (correctly) that if they arrest fully informed jury leafleters", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2b": "achieving crime control via incapacitation and deterrence", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2d": "achieving crime control via incapacitation and deterrence", - "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2e": "judges", - "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2f": "incapacitation and deterrence", + "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2e": "state (including the judges", + "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2f": "achieving crime control via incapacitation and deterrence", "57273a465951b619008f86ff": "Construction", "57273a465951b619008f8700": "manufacturing", "57273a465951b619008f8701": "six to nine percent", - "57273a465951b619008f8702": "planning,[citation needed] design, and financing", + "57273a465951b619008f8702": "a known client", "57273a465951b619008f8703": "a known client", "57273cca708984140094db33": "An architect", - "57273cca708984140094db34": "a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project manager", + "57273cca708984140094db34": "An architect normally manages the job, and a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project manager", "57273cca708984140094db35": "effective planning", "57273cca708984140094db36": "megaprojects", - "57273cca708984140094db37": "Those involved", - "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4fe": "three", - "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4ff": "residential", + "57273cca708984140094db37": "design and execution of the infrastructure in question must consider zoning requirements, the environmental impact of the job", + "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4fe": "three sectors of construction: buildings, infrastructure and industrial", + "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4ff": "residential and non-residential", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f500": "heavy/highway, heavy civil or heavy engineering", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f501": "Infrastructure is often called heavy/highway, heavy civil or heavy engineering", - "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f502": "three sectors of construction: buildings, infrastructure and industrial", - "57273e50dd62a815002e9a02": "a trade magazine", - "57273e50dd62a815002e9a03": "Engineering News-Record", + "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f502": "Industrial includes refineries, process chemical, power generation, mills and manufacturing plants", + "57273e50dd62a815002e9a02": "construction industry", + "57273e50dd62a815002e9a03": "ENR", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a04": "2014", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a05": "transportation, sewer, hazardous waste and water", - "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0a": "three", + "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0a": "building construction, heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0b": "construction service firms (e.g., engineering, architecture) and construction managers", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0c": "The Standard Industrial Classification", - "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0d": "construction managers", + "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0d": "firms engaged in managing construction projects", "57274046dd62a815002e9a12": "Building construction", "57274046dd62a815002e9a13": "small renovations", "57274046dd62a815002e9a14": "the owner", - "57274046dd62a815002e9a15": "structural collapse, cost overruns, and/or litigation", - "57274046dd62a815002e9a16": "make detailed plans and maintain careful oversight", - "572742bd5951b619008f8785": "local building authority regulations and codes of practice", + "57274046dd62a815002e9a15": "structural collapse", + "57274046dd62a815002e9a16": "careful oversight", + "572742bd5951b619008f8785": "local building authority regulations", "572742bd5951b619008f8786": "Materials readily available", "572742bd5951b619008f8787": "waste", "572742bd5951b619008f8788": "Cost of construction", "572744aff1498d1400e8f588": "3D printing technology", - "572744aff1498d1400e8f589": "around 20 hours", + "572744aff1498d1400e8f589": "20 hours", "572744aff1498d1400e8f58a": "2014", - "572744aff1498d1400e8f58b": "2 metres", - "572745c6708984140094db9a": "the modern industrialized world, construction usually involves the translation of designs into reality. A formal design team may be assembled to plan the physical proceedings", + "572744aff1498d1400e8f58b": "2 metres (6 ft 7 in)", + "572745c6708984140094db9a": "the physical proceedings", "572745c6708984140094db99": "designs into reality", "572745c6708984140094db9b": "the property owner", - "572745c6708984140094db9c": "quantity surveyor", + "572745c6708984140094db9c": "a quantity surveyor", "572745c6708984140094db9d": "the most cost efficient bidder", - "57274e0d708984140094dbe5": "previously separated specialties", + "57274e0d708984140094dbe5": "integration of previously separated specialties", "57274e0d708984140094dbe6": "entirely separate companies", - "57274e0d708984140094dbe7": "one-stop shopping", - "57274e0d708984140094dbe8": "design build", - "57274e975951b619008f87f9": "Several", + "57274e0d708984140094dbe7": "\"one-stop shopping", + "57274e0d708984140094dbe8": "design build\"", + "57274e975951b619008f87f9": "Several project structures can assist the owner in this integration, including design-build, partnering and construction management", "57274e975951b619008f87fa": "architects, interior designers, engineers and constructors", - "57274e975951b619008f87fb": "establishing relationships with other necessary participants", + "57274e975951b619008f87fb": "other necessary participants", "57274f67708984140094dbf5": "financial problems", - "57274f67708984140094dbf6": "Underbids happen when builders ask for too little money", - "57274f67708984140094dbf7": "the present amount of funding cannot cover the current costs for labour and materials, and because they are a matter of having sufficient funds at a specific time", + "57274f67708984140094dbf6": "too little money", + "57274f67708984140094dbf7": "current costs for labour and materials, and because they are a matter of having sufficient funds at a specific time", "57274f67708984140094dbf8": "Fraud", - "5727502f708984140094dc07": "Mortgage bankers, accountants, and cost engineers", - "5727502f708984140094dc08": "Mortgage bankers", + "5727502f708984140094dc07": "Mortgage bankers, accountants", + "5727502f708984140094dc08": "the mortgage banker", "5727502f708984140094dc09": "Accountants", - "5727502f708984140094dc0b": "change orders or project changes", - "5727502f708984140094dc0a": "ators", + "5727502f708984140094dc0b": "change orders", + "5727502f708984140094dc0a": "estimators", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af0": "zoning and building code requirements", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af1": "the owner", - "572750e8dd62a815002e9af2": "malum in se considerations", - "572750e8dd62a815002e9af3": "malum prohibitum considerations", + "572750e8dd62a815002e9af2": "prevent things that are indisputably bad", + "572750e8dd62a815002e9af3": "things that are a matter of custom or expectation", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af4": "An attorney", "572751b4708984140094dc1b": "A construction project", "572751b4708984140094dc1c": "A contract", - "572751b4708984140094dc1d": "a delay costs money", - "572751b4708984140094dc1e": "a delay costs money", + "572751b4708984140094dc1d": "money", + "572751b4708984140094dc1e": "each side", "572751b4708984140094dc1f": "poorly drafted contracts", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0e": "relationship contracting", - "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0f": "Public-Private Partnering (PPPs", - "5727526cdd62a815002e9b10": "Public-Private Partnering (PPPs) aka private finance initiatives", + "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0f": "Public-Private Partnering", + "5727526cdd62a815002e9b10": "Public-Private Partnering (PPPs) aka private finance initiatives (PFIs", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b11": "co-operation", - "572753335951b619008f8853": "the architect or engineer", - "572753335951b619008f8854": "a direct contractual relationship with the main contractor. The procedure continues until the building is ready to occupy.", - "572753335951b619008f8855": "the main contractor", - "572753335951b619008f8856": "the main contractor", + "572753335951b619008f8853": "architect or engineer", + "572753335951b619008f8854": "the architect or engineer acts as the project coordinator", + "572753335951b619008f8855": "the architect's client and the main contractor", + "572753335951b619008f8856": "main contractor", "572753335951b619008f8857": "the building is ready to occupy", "57275411dd62a815002e9b30": "The owner", "57275411dd62a815002e9b31": "Several D&B contractors", - "57275411dd62a815002e9b32": "owner", + "57275411dd62a815002e9b32": "Several D&B contractors present different ideas about how to accomplish these goals. The owner", "57275411dd62a815002e9b33": "several contractors", - "57275411dd62a815002e9b34": "design phase 2.", + "57275411dd62a815002e9b34": "design phase 2", "572754fff1498d1400e8f660": "contractors", - "572754fff1498d1400e8f661": "damage", + "572754fff1498d1400e8f661": "damage to the existing electrical, water, sewage, phone, and cable facilities", "572754fff1498d1400e8f662": "electrical, water, sewage, phone, and cable facilities", "572754fff1498d1400e8f663": "municipal building inspector", "572754fff1498d1400e8f664": "an occupancy permit", - "572755b7708984140094dc4d": "around $960 billion", - "572755b7708984140094dc4e": "680 billion", + "572755b7708984140094dc4d": "$960 billion", + "572755b7708984140094dc4e": "$680 billion", "572755b7708984140094dc4f": "667,000", - "572755b7708984140094dc50": "fewer than 10", + "572755b7708984140094dc50": "10", "572755b7708984140094dc51": "828,000", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f674": "\u00a342,090", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f675": "\u00a326,719", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f676": "US/Canada", "572756fe708984140094dc71": "Construction", "572756fe708984140094dc72": "Falls", - "572756fe708984140094dc73": "electrocution, transportation accidents", + "572756fe708984140094dc73": "electrocution", "572756fe708984140094dc74": "Proper safety equipment", - "572746addd62a815002e9a5e": "independent schools, non-governmental, or nonstate schools", - "572746addd62a815002e9a5f": "e.g. sport scholarship, art scholarship, academic scholarship", - "572746addd62a815002e9a60": "charging their students tuition", - "572746addd62a815002e9a61": "retain the right to select their students", - "57274712708984140094dbad": "more than $45,000", + "572746addd62a815002e9a5e": "independent schools", + "572746addd62a815002e9a5f": "academic scholarship", + "572746addd62a815002e9a60": "tuition", + "572746addd62a815002e9a61": "to select their students", + "57274712708984140094dbad": "$45,000", "57274712708984140094dbae": "so called 'tuition-free", "57274712708984140094dbaf": "Australia", "57274712708984140094dbb0": "United Kingdom", @@ -7021,50 +7021,50 @@ "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59b": "upper sixth", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59c": "prep schools", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59d": "peer tuitions", - "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59e": "the best teachers", + "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59e": "best teachers", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a4": "Roman Catholic schools", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a5": "the Orthodox Christians", - "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a6": "religious education", - "5727490bdd62a815002e9a82": "power of expulsion", + "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a6": "religious education, together with the usual academic subjects", + "5727490bdd62a815002e9a82": "expulsion", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a83": "compulsory blazer", - "5727490bdd62a815002e9a84": "always more expensive", + "5727490bdd62a815002e9a84": "more expensive than their public counterparts", "57274971708984140094dbbb": "Presbyterian Church", - "57274971708984140094dbbc": "the best known independent schools also belong to the large, long-established religious foundations, such as the Anglican Church", + "57274971708984140094dbbc": "Catholic schools fall into this category as well, e.g. St Joseph's College, Gregory Terrace", "57274971708984140094dbbd": "Sydney", "57274971708984140094dbbe": "girls", - "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9a": "Article 7, Paragraph 4", - "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9b": "a second Gleichschaltung", - "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9c": "7.8%", + "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9a": "7, Paragraph 4", + "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9b": "second Gleichschaltung", + "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9c": "11.1%.", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9d": "11.1%.", - "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9e": "6.1% to 7.8% (including rise from 0.5% to 6.1%", + "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9e": "11.1%.", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bc": "Sonderungsverbot", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bd": "Ersatzschulen", - "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5be": "very low", + "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5be": "very low tuition fees and/or offer scholarships", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d4": "Erg\u00e4nzungsschulen", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d5": "vocational schools", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d6": "tuition fees", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d7": "religious groups", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e4": "independent schools", - "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e5": "the CBSE", + "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e5": "CBSE", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e6": "30", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e7": "the union government", - "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa4": "trusts and societies", - "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa5": "India", + "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa4": "non-profit trusts and societies", + "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa5": "largest adult illiterate population", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa6": "Annual Status of Education Report", - "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa7": "evaluates learning levels", + "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa7": "Annual Status of Education Report", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa8": "English", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aae": "scoil phr\u00edobh\u00e1ideach", - "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aaf": "unusual because", + "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aaf": "relatively low in Ireland compared to the rest of the world", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab0": "\u20ac5,000", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab1": "Society of Jesus", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab2": "\u20ac25,000", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f6": "1957", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f7": "Chinese", - "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f8": "Chinese", - "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f9": "National School system", + "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f8": "English-medium", + "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f9": "National Type\" schools", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5fa": "Over 60", "57274e145951b619008f87e7": "aided' schools", - "57274e145951b619008f87e8": "private 'un-aided' schools", + "57274e145951b619008f87e8": "private parties", "57274e145951b619008f87e9": "Kathmandu", "57274e145951b619008f87ea": "English", "57274e145951b619008f87eb": "Nepali", @@ -7077,7 +7077,7 @@ "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61f": "Wellington", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f620": "Presbyterian", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f621": "Christchurch", - "57274f49f1498d1400e8f622": "the Society of St Pius X", + "57274f49f1498d1400e8f622": "Society of St Pius X", "5727500f708984140094dbfd": "7.5%", "5727500f708984140094dbfe": "32%", "5727500f708984140094dbff": "80%", @@ -7086,65 +7086,65 @@ "572750df5951b619008f882f": "Education Service Contracting", "572750df5951b619008f8830": "Tuition Fee Supplement", "572750df5951b619008f8831": "The Private Education Student Financial Assistance", - "5727515f708984140094dc11": "The South African Schools Act of 1996", + "5727515f708984140094dc11": "1996", "5727515f708984140094dc12": "1996", - "5727515f708984140094dc13": "independent", + "5727515f708984140094dc13": "\"independent", "5727515f708984140094dc14": "traditional private schools", "5727515f708984140094dc15": "early nineteenth century", - "57275409708984140094dc35": "government schools", - "57275409708984140094dc36": "tend to produce better", - "57275409708984140094dc37": "much higher", + "57275409708984140094dc35": "white children", + "57275409708984140094dc36": "better academic results than government schools formerly reserved for other race groups", + "57275409708984140094dc37": "much higher school fees than other public schools", "572754dd708984140094dc3b": "10%", "572754dd708984140094dc3c": "nearly 10,000", "572754dd708984140094dc3d": "700", "572754dd708984140094dc3e": "The Knowledge School", - "572754dd708984140094dc3f": "school voucher model", + "572754dd708984140094dc3f": "innovative school voucher model", "572756265951b619008f886d": "13", "572756265951b619008f886e": "public schools", "572756265951b619008f886f": "9 per cent", "572756265951b619008f8870": "13 per cent", "572756265951b619008f8871": "\u00a327,000+", - "572757bef1498d1400e8f690": "Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka", - "572757bef1498d1400e8f691": "segregation academies", + "572757bef1498d1400e8f690": "Brown v. Board of Education", + "572757bef1498d1400e8f691": "segregation", "572757bef1498d1400e8f692": "U.S. South", - "572757bef1498d1400e8f693": "white", + "572757bef1498d1400e8f693": "white students migrated to the academies, while public schools became in turn more heavily concentrated with African-American", "572757bef1498d1400e8f694": "African-American", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6ae": "endowments", - "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6af": "Establishment Clause of the First Amendment", + "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6af": "Blaine Amendments", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b0": "Blaine Amendments", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b1": "charter status", "572759665951b619008f8883": "Massachusetts", "572759665951b619008f8884": "1852", "572759665951b619008f8885": "1972", - "572759665951b619008f8886": "268 U.S. 510 (1925", + "572759665951b619008f8886": "1925", "572759665951b619008f8887": "McCrary", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b94": "close to $40,000", - "572759dbdd62a815002e9b95": "substantial tuition", - "572759dbdd62a815002e9b96": "the Groton School", - "572759dbdd62a815002e9b97": "fundraising drives", - "5727aa413acd2414000de921": "John Harvard", - "5727aa413acd2414000de922": "1977", + "572759dbdd62a815002e9b95": "nearly $50,000", + "572759dbdd62a815002e9b96": "Groton School", + "572759dbdd62a815002e9b97": "tuition did not cover operating expenses", + "5727aa413acd2414000de921": "John Harvard (its first benefactor", + "5727aa413acd2414000de922": "1977 merger with Radcliffe College", "5727aa413acd2414000de923": "James Bryant Conant", "5727aa413acd2414000de924": "Association of American Universities", "5727aa413acd2414000de925": "Charles W. Eliot", "5727aeac3acd2414000de987": "Harvard Library", "5727aeac3acd2414000de988": "79", - "5727aeac3acd2414000de989": "over 18 million", + "5727aeac3acd2414000de989": "18 million", "5727aeac3acd2414000de98a": "eight", - "5727aeac3acd2414000de98b": "some 150", - "5727aec03acd2414000de991": "Boston metropolitan area: its 209-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard in Cambridge", + "5727aeac3acd2414000de98b": "150", + "5727aec03acd2414000de991": "Boston metropolitan area: its 209-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard", "5727aec03acd2414000de992": "$37.6 billion", "5727aec03acd2414000de993": "Charles River", "5727aec03acd2414000de994": "eleven", "5727aec03acd2414000de995": "Harvard Yard", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c2": "1636", - "5727afa82ca10214002d93c3": "the Massachusetts Bay Colony", + "5727afa82ca10214002d93c3": "Harvard Corporation", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c4": "1638", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c5": "1639", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c6": "1650", "5727b0892ca10214002d93e8": "Puritan", - "5727b0892ca10214002d93e9": "English university", - "5727b0892ca10214002d93ea": "the colony had attended the University of Cambridge\u2014\u200b\u200bbut conformed Puritanism.", + "5727b0892ca10214002d93e9": "English university model\u2014\u200b\u200bmany leaders in the colony had attended the University of Cambridge", + "5727b0892ca10214002d93ea": "never affiliated with any particular denomination", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea99": "1804", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9a": "Samuel Webber", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9b": "1805", @@ -7152,58 +7152,58 @@ "5727c0402ca10214002d9565": "intuition", "5727c0402ca10214002d9566": "Thomas Reid and Dugald Stewart", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95ba": "Charles W. Eliot", - "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bb": "Transcendentalist Unitarian convictions", + "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bb": "Transcendentalist Unitarian", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bc": "Ralph Waldo Emerson", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94ce": "James Bryant Conant", - "5727c55bff5b5019007d94cf": "programs", + "5727c55bff5b5019007d94cf": "programs to identify, recruit, and support talented youth", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94d0": "1945", - "5727c69d3acd2414000dec13": "about four", + "5727c69d3acd2414000dec13": "four", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec14": "1977", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec15": "steadily increased", "5727c8863acd2414000dec49": "3 miles", - "5727c8863acd2414000dec4a": "twelve", - "5727c8863acd2414000dec4b": "the Charles River", - "5727c8863acd2414000dec4c": "half a mile northwest", + "5727c8863acd2414000dec4a": "twelve residential Houses", + "5727c8863acd2414000dec4b": "Charles River", + "5727c8863acd2414000dec4c": "half a mile northwest of the Yard at the Quadrangle", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9576": "Allston", - "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9577": "John W. Weeks Bridge", + "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9577": "John W. Weeks", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9578": "Longwood Medical and Academic Area approximately 3.3 miles (5.3 km) southwest of downtown Boston", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d72": "fifty percent", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d73": "new and enlarged bridges", - "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d74": "Harvard", + "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d74": "park space", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f0": "2,400", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f1": "7,200", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f2": "14,000", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f3": "1875", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f4": "1858", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c4": "$32 billion", - "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c5": "30% loss in 2008-09. In December 2008, Harvard announced that its endowment had lost 22% (approximately $8 billion", + "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c5": "30", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c6": "Allston Science Complex", - "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c7": "4.093 million", + "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c7": "$4.093 million", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c8": "$159 million", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded13": "late 1980s", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded14": "Duke Kent-Brown", - "5727d0f73acd2414000ded15": "230 million", + "5727d0f73acd2414000ded15": "$230 million", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded3f": "5.3%", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded40": "2007", - "5727d1c93acd2414000ded41": "2007", + "5727d1c93acd2414000ded41": "low-income and under-represented minority applicants", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded42": "2016", "5727d3843acd2414000ded69": "seven", - "5727d3843acd2414000ded6a": "eight", - "5727d3843acd2414000ded6b": "its reliance on teaching fellows", - "5727d4922ca10214002d977c": "semester", + "5727d3843acd2414000ded6a": "eight General Education categories", + "5727d3843acd2414000ded6b": "Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, The New York Times, and some students have criticized Harvard for its reliance on teaching fellows", + "5727d4922ca10214002d977c": "semester calendar beginning in early September and ending in mid-May", "5727d4922ca10214002d977d": "four-course rate average", "5727d4922ca10214002d977e": "summa cum laude", "5727d4922ca10214002d977f": "60%", "5727d6154b864d1900163e34": "$38,000", "5727d6154b864d1900163e35": "$57,000", - "5727d6154b864d1900163e36": "only a few thousand dollars", + "5727d6154b864d1900163e36": "nothing", "5727d6154b864d1900163e37": "$414 million", "5727d6154b864d1900163e38": "88%", - "5727d6faff5b5019007d969a": "Widener Library", - "5727d6faff5b5019007d969c": "three", + "5727d6faff5b5019007d969a": "Widener Library in Harvard Yard", + "5727d6faff5b5019007d969c": "Cabot Science Library", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969d": "Pusey Library", - "5727d6faff5b5019007d969b": "over 18 million", - "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5e": "three museums", + "5727d6faff5b5019007d969b": "18 million", + "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5e": "three", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5f": "Western art", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e60": "Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee17": "2003", @@ -7211,13 +7211,13 @@ "5727d9c43acd2414000dee19": "second", "5727da564b864d1900163e8e": "42", "5727da564b864d1900163e8f": "Yale University", - "5727da564b864d1900163e90": "every two years", + "5727da564b864d1900163e90": "two years", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fc": "1875", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fd": "1903", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fe": "1906", - "5727db85ff5b5019007d96ff": "Harvard", + "5727db85ff5b5019007d96ff": "Yale", "5727dc473acd2414000dee43": "Lavietes Pavilion", - "5727dc473acd2414000dee44": "The Malkin Athletic Center", + "5727dc473acd2414000dee44": "Malkin Athletic Center", "5727dc473acd2414000dee45": "three", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163eba": "23", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebb": "Thames River", @@ -7226,32 +7226,32 @@ "5727de862ca10214002d9860": "Ban Ki-moon", "5727de862ca10214002d9861": "the European Union Anthony Luzzatto Gardner.", "5727de862ca10214002d9862": "Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Figueres", - "5727de862ca10214002d9863": "Benazir Bhutto; U. S.", + "5727de862ca10214002d9863": "Benjamin Netanyahu", "5727e0474b864d1900163f08": "Conan O'Brien", "5727e0474b864d1900163f09": "Leonard Bernstein", "5727e0474b864d1900163f0a": "Yo Yo Ma", - "5727e0474b864d1900163f0b": "W. E. B. Du Bois", + "5727e0474b864d1900163f0b": "Du Bois", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f34": "Shing-Tung Yau", - "5727e21e4b864d1900163f35": "Alan Dershowitz and Lawrence Lessig", + "5727e21e4b864d1900163f35": "Alan Dershowitz", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f36": "Stephen Greenblatt", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954a": "Jacksonville", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954b": "1,345,596", - "5727c94bff5b5019007d954c": "12th most populous", + "5727c94bff5b5019007d954c": "12th", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954d": "Duval County", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954e": "1968", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9676": "St. Johns River", - "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9677": "340 miles", + "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9677": "340 miles (550 km) north", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9678": "Fort Caroline", - "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9679": "Timucua people", + "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9679": "Timucua", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d967a": "Andrew Jackson", - "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958e": "third largest", + "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958e": "Blount Island Command", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958f": "golf", - "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9590": "two", - "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9591": "Jaxsons", + "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9590": "Blount Island Command and the nearby Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay", + "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9591": "Jacksonvillians", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bec": "thousands of years", - "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bed": "University of North Florida team", - "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bee": "Timucuan", - "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bef": "the historical era", + "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bed": "University of North Florida team discovered some of the oldest remnants of pottery in the United States, dating to 2500 BC", + "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bee": "2500 BC", + "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bef": "Mocama", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bf0": "Ossachite", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c26": "Jean Ribault", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c27": "France", @@ -7260,22 +7260,22 @@ "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c2a": "Fort Caroline", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d06": "French and Indian War", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d07": "the King's Road", - "572810ec2ca10214002d9d08": "Cow Ford or Cowford", - "572810ec2ca10214002d9d09": "Spain", + "572810ec2ca10214002d9d08": "Cowford", + "572810ec2ca10214002d9d09": "Britain ceded control of the territory back to Spain", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d0a": "February 9, 1832", - "5728128cff5b5019007d9c76": "Confederate", + "5728128cff5b5019007d9c76": "Confederate cause", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c77": "Skirmish of the Brick Church", - "5728128cff5b5019007d9c78": "Olustee", + "5728128cff5b5019007d9c78": "Jacksonville", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c79": "Warfare", - "5728128cff5b5019007d9c7a": "1864", + "5728128cff5b5019007d9c7a": "Cedar Creek", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbc": "Reconstruction and the Gilded Age", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbd": "Grover Cleveland", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbe": "yellow fever outbreaks", - "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbf": "extension of the Florida East Coast Railway", - "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cc0": "by railroad", + "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbf": "the Florida East Coast Railway", + "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cc0": "railroad", "5728170d3acd2414000df443": "Spanish moss", - "5728170d3acd2414000df444": "over 2,000", - "5728170d3acd2414000df445": "martial law", + "5728170d3acd2414000df444": "2,000", + "5728170d3acd2414000df445": "Governor Jennings declare martial law", "5728170d3acd2414000df446": "Great Fire of 1901", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d44": "New York\u2013based filmmakers", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d45": "silent film", @@ -7283,218 +7283,218 @@ "57281940ff5b5019007d9d47": "the emergence of Hollywood", "57281ab63acd2414000df493": "The construction of highways", "57281ab63acd2414000df494": "55.1%", - "57281ab63acd2414000df495": "white flight", + "57281ab63acd2414000df495": "\"white flight", "57281ab63acd2414000df496": "Mayor W. Haydon Burns", "57281ab63acd2414000df497": "World War II", "57281bb84b864d190016449a": "Much of the city's tax base dissipated", "57281bb84b864d190016449b": "unincorporated suburbs", "57281bb84b864d190016449c": "annexing outlying communities", - "57281bb84b864d190016449d": "Voters", + "57281bb84b864d190016449d": "Voters outside the city limits rejected annexation plans in six referendums between 1960 and 1965", "57281d494b864d19001644be": "traditional old boy network", "57281d494b864d19001644bf": "11", "57281d494b864d19001644c0": "Jacksonville Consolidation", - "57281d494b864d19001644c1": "Jacksonville Consolidation, led by J.", + "57281d494b864d19001644c1": "Jacksonville Consolidation", "57281edd3acd2414000df4eb": "approved the plan", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ec": "Hans Tanzler", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ed": "Consolidated City of Jacksonville", - "57281edd3acd2414000df4ee": "The Better Jacksonville Plan, promoted as a blueprint for Jacksonville's future and approved by Jacksonville voters in 2000, authorized a half-penny sales tax", + "57281edd3acd2414000df4ee": "Better Jacksonville Plan, promoted as a blueprint for Jacksonville's future and approved by Jacksonville voters in 2000, authorized a half-penny sales tax", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ef": "a half-penny sales tax", "572820512ca10214002d9e72": "874.3 square miles", "572820512ca10214002d9e73": "St. Johns River", "572820512ca10214002d9e74": "Trout River", "572820512ca10214002d9e75": "13.34%", - "572820512ca10214002d9e76": "Baldwin", - "572821274b864d1900164510": "The tallest", + "572820512ca10214002d9e76": "town of Baldwin", + "572821274b864d1900164510": "617 ft (188 m) and includes 42 floors", "572821274b864d1900164511": "the Barnett Center", - "572821274b864d1900164512": "617 ft", - "572821274b864d1900164513": "28", - "572821274b864d1900164514": "its distinctive flared base", - "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc4": "humid subtropical climate", + "572821274b864d1900164512": "617 ft (188 m) and includes 42 floors", + "572821274b864d1900164513": "Riverplace Tower", + "572821274b864d1900164514": "distinctive flared base", + "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc4": "humid subtropical", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc5": "May through September", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc6": "mild and sunny", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc7": "Due to Jacksonville's low latitude", - "57282358ff5b5019007d9dde": "104", + "57282358ff5b5019007d9dde": "104 \u00b0F (40 \u00b0C) on July 11, 1879", "57282358ff5b5019007d9ddf": "thunderstorms", - "57282358ff5b5019007d9de0": "the land relative to the water, combined with extremely high humidity", + "57282358ff5b5019007d9de0": "rapid heating of the land relative to the water, combined with extremely high humidity", "57282358ff5b5019007d9de1": "July", "572824f13acd2414000df58f": "Hurricane Dora", "572824f13acd2414000df590": "110 mph", "572824f13acd2414000df591": "Beryl", - "572824f13acd2414000df592": "Saffir-Simpson Scale", - "572824f13acd2414000df593": "2008", + "572824f13acd2414000df592": "Saffir-Simpson", + "572824f13acd2414000df593": "2008's Tropical Storm Fay", "572826634b864d19001645be": "Arab", "572826634b864d19001645bf": "821,784", "572826634b864d19001645c0": "25,033", - "572826634b864d19001645c1": "Filipino American", - "572827fc3acd2414000df5bb": "366,273", + "572826634b864d19001645c1": "Filipino community served in or has ties to the United States Navy", + "572827fc3acd2414000df5bb": "23.9%", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bc": "23.9%", - "572827fc3acd2414000df5bd": "23.9% of households had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.8% were married couples, 15.", - "572827fc3acd2414000df5be": "94.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.3 males.", - "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ee": "40%", + "572827fc3acd2414000df5bd": "23.9% of households had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.8% were married couples, 15.2%", + "572827fc3acd2414000df5be": "94.1", + "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ee": "$759,900", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ef": "3.5 billion people", - "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f0": "the world's wealth is now in the hands of those in the top percentile, whose assets each exceed $759,900", - "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f1": "the methodology", - "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f2": "debt", - "5729d36b1d04691400779607": "40%", + "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f0": "$759,900", + "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f1": "net wealth", + "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f2": "methodology", + "5729d36b1d04691400779607": "40", "5729d36b1d04691400779608": "financial assets", - "5729d36b1d04691400779609": "nearly $41 trillion", + "5729d36b1d04691400779609": "$41 trillion", "5729d36b1d0469140077960a": "half", "5729d36b1d0469140077960b": "due to a greater tendency to take on debts", - "5727e8424b864d1900163fc0": "the top 400", + "5727e8424b864d1900163fc0": "top 400", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc1": "New York Times", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc2": "Inherited wealth", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc3": "Inherited wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779611": "wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779612": "the \"richest 1 percent", "5729d44b1d04691400779613": "Inherited wealth", - "5729d44b1d04691400779614": "over 60 percent", + "5729d44b1d04691400779614": "60 percent", "5729d44b1d04691400779615": "Institute for Policy Studies", "5727e9523acd2414000def95": "Neoclassical economics", - "5727e9523acd2414000def96": "the productivity gap", - "5727e9523acd2414000def97": "Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income", - "5727e9523acd2414000def98": "inequality", - "5727e9523acd2414000def99": "marginal value added", - "5729d51d3f37b3190047858f": "differences in value added", - "5729d51d3f37b31900478590": "inequalities", + "5727e9523acd2414000def96": "productivity gap between highly-paid professions", + "5727e9523acd2414000def97": "different classifications of workers", + "5727e9523acd2414000def98": "productivity gap", + "5727e9523acd2414000def99": "marginal value added of each economic actor", + "5729d51d3f37b3190047858f": "value added", + "5729d51d3f37b31900478590": "different classifications of workers", "5729d51d3f37b31900478591": "wages and profits", - "5729d51d3f37b31900478592": "each economic actor", - "5729d51d3f37b31900478593": "productivity gap", - "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986e": "competitive pressure", - "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986f": "the productivity", - "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9870": "wages", - "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9871": "relatively stagnant wages for the working class amidst rising levels of property income for the capitalist class.", + "5729d51d3f37b31900478592": "worker, capitalist/business owner, landlord", + "5729d51d3f37b31900478593": "productivity gap between highly-paid professions", + "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986e": "competitive pressure to reduce costs and maximize profits", + "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986f": "raises the productivity of each worker", + "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9870": "unemployment", + "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9871": "mechanization and automation", "5729d609af94a219006aa661": "labor inputs (workers", - "5729d609af94a219006aa662": "competitive pressure", - "5729d609af94a219006aa663": "this trend", + "5729d609af94a219006aa662": "competitive pressure to reduce costs and maximize profits", + "5729d609af94a219006aa663": "this trend increases the organic composition of capital", "5729d609af94a219006aa664": "productivity", "5729d609af94a219006aa665": "relatively stagnant", - "5727ec062ca10214002d99b6": "wages", + "5727ec062ca10214002d99b6": "the workers wages", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b7": "supply and demand", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b8": "chronically understaffed", - "5727ec062ca10214002d99b9": "Their competitors will take advantage", + "5727ec062ca10214002d99b9": "higher wage the best of their labor", "5727ec062ca10214002d99ba": "unfair", - "5729d878af94a219006aa66b": "the market", - "5729d878af94a219006aa66c": "prices", + "5729d878af94a219006aa66b": "market", + "5729d878af94a219006aa66c": "prices for any other good", "5729d878af94a219006aa66d": "wages", "5729d878af94a219006aa66e": "markets", "5729d878af94a219006aa66f": "high levels of inequality", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df001": "Competition amongst employers", - "5727ed2e3acd2414000df002": "low wage", - "5727ed2e3acd2414000df003": "low wage", - "5727ed2e3acd2414000df004": "the supply of workers", + "5727ed2e3acd2414000df002": "high supply) competing for a job that few require", + "5727ed2e3acd2414000df003": "the nature of the job, since there is a relative shortage of workers for the particular position", + "5727ed2e3acd2414000df004": "limit the supply of workers", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df005": "Professional and labor organizations", "5729da0faf94a219006aa675": "low wage", "5729da0faf94a219006aa676": "competition between workers", "5729da0faf94a219006aa677": "competition between workers", - "5729da0faf94a219006aa678": "high wages", - "5729da0faf94a219006aa679": "employers for employees", - "5727ee372ca10214002d99ec": "entrepreneurship rates", - "5727ee372ca10214002d99ed": "entrepreneurship", - "5727ee372ca10214002d99ee": "survival needs such as income for food and shelter (\"push\" motivations", - "5727ee372ca10214002d99ef": "achievement-oriented motivations", - "5727ee372ca10214002d99f0": "opportunity", - "5729de24af94a219006aa689": "higher economic inequality", - "5729de24af94a219006aa68a": "higher economic inequality", + "5729da0faf94a219006aa678": "high", + "5729da0faf94a219006aa679": "relative shortage", + "5727ee372ca10214002d99ec": "entrepreneurship rates at the individual level (self-employment", + "5727ee372ca10214002d99ed": "Necessity-based entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs such as income for food and shelter", + "5727ee372ca10214002d99ee": "push", + "5727ee372ca10214002d99ef": "vocation", + "5727ee372ca10214002d99f0": "the latter is expected to foster technological progress", + "5729de24af94a219006aa689": "higher economic inequality tends to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level (self-employment", + "5729de24af94a219006aa68a": "necessity", "5729de24af94a219006aa68b": "Necessity-based entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs such as income for food and shelter (\"push\" motivations", "5729de24af94a219006aa68c": "achievement-oriented motivations (\"pull\") such as vocation", "5729de24af94a219006aa68d": "technological progress", "5727ef664b864d1900164060": "A progressive tax", - "5727ef664b864d1900164061": "top tax rate", - "5727ef664b864d1900164062": "the tax system.", - "5727ef664b864d1900164063": "the tax system", - "5729e02f1d04691400779639": "the tax rate", + "5727ef664b864d1900164061": "the level of the top tax rate", + "5727ef664b864d1900164062": "social spending", + "5727ef664b864d1900164063": "the level of the top tax rate", + "5729e02f1d04691400779639": "tax rate", "5729e02f1d0469140077963a": "the level of the top tax rate", "5729e02f1d0469140077963b": "steeper tax progressivity applied to social spending", "5729e02f1d0469140077963c": "Gini index", - "5727f05b4b864d1900164068": "education", + "5727f05b4b864d1900164068": "workers", "5727f05b4b864d1900164069": "wages", "5727f05b4b864d190016406a": "lower incomes", "5727f05b4b864d190016406b": "poor", - "5727f05b4b864d190016406c": "a result, those who are unable to afford an education, or choose not to pursue optional education, generally receive much lower wages", - "5729e1101d04691400779641": "access to education", + "5727f05b4b864d190016406c": "unable to afford an education, or choose not to pursue optional education, generally receive much lower wages", + "5729e1101d04691400779641": "variation in individuals' access to education", "5729e1101d04691400779642": "high wages", - "5729e1101d04691400779643": "much lower wages", + "5729e1101d04691400779643": "much lower", "5729e1101d04691400779644": "lower incomes", - "5729e1101d04691400779645": "education", + "5729e1101d04691400779645": "education raises incomes and promotes growth because it helps to unleash the productive potential", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05b": "increasing access to education", - "5727f16c3acd2414000df05c": "105 billion", - "5727f16c3acd2414000df05d": "boom-and-bust cycles", - "5727f16c3acd2414000df05e": "Standard & Poor's", + "5727f16c3acd2414000df05c": "$105 billion", + "5727f16c3acd2414000df05d": "$105 billion in growth to the country's economy", + "5727f16c3acd2414000df05e": "Standard & Poor's rating agency", "5729e1e36aef0514001550ba": "2014", - "5729e1e36aef0514001550bb": "2008-2009 recession", + "5729e1e36aef0514001550bb": "the 2008-2009 recession", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bc": "increasing access to education", - "5729e1e36aef0514001550bd": "105 billion", + "5729e1e36aef0514001550bd": "$105 billion", "5729e1e36aef0514001550be": "boom-and-bust cycles", "5727f2714b864d1900164072": "1910\u20131940", - "5727f2714b864d1900164073": "1910\u20131940", - "5727f2714b864d1900164074": "1910\u20131940", - "5727f2714b864d1900164075": "compression", - "5727f2714b864d1900164076": "compression", + "5727f2714b864d1900164073": "compression and decreased inequality", + "5727f2714b864d1900164074": "decrease in the price of skilled labor", + "5727f2714b864d1900164075": "compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers", + "5727f2714b864d1900164076": "compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers", "5729e2b76aef0514001550ce": "1910\u20131940", - "5729e2b76aef0514001550cf": "decrease", - "5729e2b76aef0514001550d0": "it differs from the present high school education", + "5729e2b76aef0514001550cf": "decrease in the price of skilled labor", + "5729e2b76aef0514001550d0": "a stepping-stone to acquire college and advanced degrees", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d1": "Education", - "5729e2b76aef0514001550d2": "gender inequality in education", + "5729e2b76aef0514001550d2": "gender inequality in education can result to low economic growth", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e7": "union membership", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e8": "continental European", - "5727f6723acd2414000df0ea": "little support", - "5727f6723acd2414000df0e9": "economic liberalism", + "5727f6723acd2414000df0ea": "little support for the view that U.S.-style labor-market flexibility dramatically improves labor-market outcomes", + "5727f6723acd2414000df0e9": "economic liberalism and the reduction of business regulation", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69d": "economic inequality", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69e": "social exclusion", - "5729e38daf94a219006aa69f": "the CEPR", + "5729e38daf94a219006aa69f": "CEPR", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a0": "little", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a1": "lower", "5727f7523acd2414000df10d": "Scandinavia", "5727f7523acd2414000df10e": "high inequality", "5727f7523acd2414000df10f": "organized labor", - "5727f7523acd2414000df110": "the decline of organized labor", - "5729e4291d04691400779651": "Sociologist", + "5727f7523acd2414000df110": "organized labor", + "5729e4291d04691400779651": "University of Washington", "5729e4291d04691400779652": "University of Washington", "5729e4291d04691400779653": "the decline of organized labor", "5729e4291d04691400779654": "high rates of unionization, particularly in Scandinavia, have very low levels of inequality", "5729e4291d04691400779655": "weak labor movements", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a18": "reduced wages", - "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a19": "wages", + "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a19": "reduced wages", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1a": "technological innovation", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1b": "machine labor", - "5729f1283f37b319004785d7": "global to a domestic", + "5729f1283f37b319004785d7": "domestic", "5729f1283f37b319004785d8": "low-skilled workers", "5729f1283f37b319004785d9": "trade liberalisation", - "5729f1283f37b319004785da": "minor", + "5729f1283f37b319004785da": "technological innovation", "5729f1283f37b319004785db": "machine labor", "5727fd123acd2414000df185": "53%", "5727fd123acd2414000df186": "-40%", - "5727fd123acd2414000df187": "the labor market. Several factors other than discrimination", + "5727fd123acd2414000df187": "Several factors other than discrimination", "5727fd123acd2414000df188": "males", - "5729f1c13f37b319004785e7": "Gender pay gap", + "5729f1c13f37b319004785e7": "Gender pay gap in favor of males", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e8": "males", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e9": "women", "5729f1c13f37b319004785ea": "Thomas Sowell", - "5729f1c13f37b319004785eb": "difference in earnings", + "5729f1c13f37b319004785eb": "difference", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ab": "social welfare programs", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ac": "relatively equal distributions of wealth", - "5727ff083acd2414000df1ad": "capital", - "5727ff083acd2414000df1ae": "social welfare programs", + "5727ff083acd2414000df1ad": "the owners of this capital", + "5727ff083acd2414000df1ae": "the owners of this capital having more wealth and income and introducing inequality. Eventually, through various possible redistribution mechanisms", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6dd": "Economist", - "5729f24baf94a219006aa6de": "levels of economic inequality", - "5729f24baf94a219006aa6df": "capital", + "5729f24baf94a219006aa6de": "economic inequality", + "5729f24baf94a219006aa6df": "more capital", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e0": "wealth and income", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e1": "lower levels of inequality", - "57287b322ca10214002da3be": "1910 to 1940", - "57287b322ca10214002da3bf": "after the 1970s", + "57287b322ca10214002da3be": "1910 to 1940 and thereafter", + "57287b322ca10214002da3bf": "1970s", "57287b322ca10214002da3c0": "service sector", - "57287b322ca10214002da3c1": "service sector", + "57287b322ca10214002da3c1": "manufacturing sector to the service sector", "5729f3883f37b319004785f1": "Kuznets", - "5729f3883f37b319004785f2": "the Kuznets curve", + "5729f3883f37b319004785f2": "Kuznets curve", "5729f3883f37b319004785f3": "very weak", - "5729f3883f37b319004785f4": "eventually decrease", - "5729f3883f37b319004785f5": "it may be possible for multiple Kuznets' cycles to be in effect", + "5729f3883f37b319004785f4": "that income inequality will eventually decrease", + "5729f3883f37b319004785f5": "multiple Kuznets' cycles to be in effect", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26c": "Wealth concentration", - "57287c2bff5b5019007da26d": "beneficiaries", - "57287c2bff5b5019007da26e": "the usually greater return of capital", - "57287c2bff5b5019007da26f": "larger fortunes", + "57287c2bff5b5019007da26d": "the beneficiaries", + "57287c2bff5b5019007da26e": "wealth condensation can significantly contribute to the persistence of inequality within society", + "57287c2bff5b5019007da26f": "larger fortunes generate higher returns", "5729f4273f37b319004785fb": "possession", - "5729f4273f37b319004785fc": "those who already hold wealth", + "5729f4273f37b319004785fc": "those who already hold wealth have the means to invest in new sources of creating wealth or to otherwise leverage the accumulation of wealth, thus are the beneficiaries", "5729f4273f37b319004785fd": "wealth condensation", "5729f4273f37b319004785fe": "Thomas Piketty", "5729f4273f37b319004785ff": "higher returns", @@ -7504,129 +7504,129 @@ "5729f4e46aef051400155159": "political power", "5729f4e46aef05140015515a": "rent-seeking", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6ef": "inequality", - "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f0": "human capital is neglected", + "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f0": "human capital", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f1": "life expectancy", - "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f2": "inequality", - "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f3": "-.620", + "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f2": "higher rates of health and social problems, and lower rates of social goods", + "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f3": "620", "572a05eb3f37b31900478653": "2013", "572a05eb3f37b31900478654": "rising inequality", "572a05eb3f37b31900478655": "negative", - "572a05eb3f37b31900478656": "inequality", + "572a05eb3f37b31900478656": "social dislocation, unrest and conflict", "572a05eb3f37b31900478657": "economic growth", "572a06866aef0514001551be": "British", - "572a06866aef0514001551bf": "lower rates of social goods", - "572a06866aef0514001551c0": "lower", + "572a06866aef0514001551bf": "higher", + "572a06866aef0514001551c0": "lower rates of social goods", "572a06866aef0514001551c2": "23", - "572a06866aef0514001551c1": "inequality", - "572a070c6aef0514001551c8": "longer lives", - "572a070c6aef0514001551c9": "among poorer countries", + "572a06866aef0514001551c1": "Japan and Finland and states like Utah and New Hampshire with high levels of equality", + "572a070c6aef0514001551c8": "better health", + "572a070c6aef0514001551c9": "poorer countries", "572a070c6aef0514001551ca": "life expectancy", "572a070c6aef0514001551cb": "Americans", "572a070c6aef0514001551cc": "more equally", "572a07a86aef0514001551d2": "income inequality", - "572a07a86aef0514001551d3": "Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett", + "572a07a86aef0514001551d3": "Richard Wilkinson", "572a07a86aef0514001551d4": "nine", "572a07a86aef0514001551d5": "countries with bigger income inequalities", - "572a07a86aef0514001551d6": "income inequality", + "572a07a86aef0514001551d6": "per capita income", "572a0a391d046914007796df": "inequality", "572a0a391d046914007796e0": "homicides", "572a0a391d046914007796e1": "fifty", - "572a0a391d046914007796e3": "differences in the amount of inequality", + "572a0a391d046914007796e3": "differences in the amount of inequality in each province or state", "572a0a391d046914007796e2": "tenfold", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa765": "the greatest good", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa766": "distributive efficiency", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa767": "basic necessities", - "572a0bafaf94a219006aa768": "the additional dollar\") decreases", + "572a0bafaf94a219006aa768": "additional dollar", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa769": "higher aggregate utility", "572a0c541d046914007796f3": "consumption", "572a0c541d046914007796f4": "libertarian", "572a0c541d046914007796f5": "2001", "572a0c541d046914007796f6": "Thomas B. Edsall", - "572a0c541d046914007796f7": "journalist", + "572a0c541d046914007796f7": "The Hidden Prosperity of the Poor", "572a0d21af94a219006aa783": "Central Banking economist", "572a0d21af94a219006aa784": "systematic economic inequalities", - "572a0d21af94a219006aa785": "the Financial crisis", - "572a0d21af94a219006aa786": "easier credit", - "572a0d21af94a219006aa787": "political pressure has developed to extend easier credit", + "572a0d21af94a219006aa785": "Financial crisis of 2007\u201308", + "572a0d21af94a219006aa786": "easier credit to the lower and middle income earners \u2013 particularly to buy homes", + "572a0d21af94a219006aa787": "unsustainable monetary stimulation", "572a0e0e1d04691400779707": "inequality in wealth and income", "572a0e0e1d04691400779708": "the quality of a country's institutions and high levels of education", - "572a0e0e1d04691400779709": "actually declines", - "572a0e0e1d0469140077970a": "higher GDP growth", + "572a0e0e1d04691400779709": "declines", + "572a0e0e1d0469140077970a": "GDP growth", "572a0e0e1d0469140077970b": "The poor and the middle class", "572a0ecb1d04691400779717": "economists", "572a0ecb1d04691400779718": "economic growth", "572a0ecb1d04691400779719": "economic growth", "572a0ecb1d0469140077971a": "increasing inequality", - "572a0ecb1d0469140077971b": "increasing inequality", - "572a1046af94a219006aa78d": "evidence in 2009 that both global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth", - "572a1046af94a219006aa78e": "by limiting aggregate demand", - "572a1046af94a219006aa78f": "Economist Joseph Stiglitz", - "572a1046af94a219006aa790": "increasing importance of human capital", + "572a0ecb1d0469140077971b": "inequality-associated effects", + "572a1046af94a219006aa78d": "both global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth by limiting aggregate demand", + "572a1046af94a219006aa78e": "aggregate demand", + "572a1046af94a219006aa78f": "Economist Branko Milanovic", + "572a1046af94a219006aa790": "human capital", "572a1046af94a219006aa791": "widespread education", "572a11663f37b31900478693": "1993", - "572a11663f37b31900478694": "long lasting detrimental", - "572a11663f37b31900478695": "the channels", + "572a11663f37b31900478694": "detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development", + "572a11663f37b31900478695": "economic growth", "572a11663f37b31900478696": "redistributive taxation", "572a11663f37b31900478697": "politically and socially unstable", - "572a12381d0469140077972d": "positive impact", - "572a12381d0469140077972e": "encourage", + "572a12381d0469140077972d": "reduce growth in relatively poor countries but encourage growth in richer countries", + "572a12381d0469140077972e": "encourage growth in richer countries", "572a12381d0469140077972c": "growth and investment", "572a12381d0469140077972b": "Harvard", "572a12381d0469140077972f": "1960 and 2000", - "572a13841d0469140077973b": "the Kuznets curve hypothesis", + "572a13841d0469140077973b": "Kuznets curve hypothesis", "572a13841d0469140077973c": "first increases", "572a13841d0469140077973d": "Thomas Piketty", "572a13841d0469140077973e": "Economist", "572a13841d0469140077973f": "wars and \"violent economic and political shocks", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7df": "1970s", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e0": "reduced consumer demand", - "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e1": "that growth has risen with increased income inequality", + "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e1": "risen with increased income inequality", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e2": "several years", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e3": "more equality in the income distribution", "572a1a5c6aef051400155284": "special efforts", - "572a1a5c6aef051400155285": "the existing level of inequality", - "572a1a5c6aef051400155286": "nearly 60 years", + "572a1a5c6aef051400155285": "inequality", + "572a1a5c6aef051400155286": "60 years", "572a1a5c6aef051400155287": "United Nations", - "572a1a5c6aef051400155288": "reducing poverty", - "572a1ba46aef05140015528e": "much land and housing", + "572a1a5c6aef051400155288": "poverty", + "572a1ba46aef05140015528e": "land and housing", "572a1ba46aef05140015528f": "various associations and other arrangements", - "572a1ba46aef051400155290": "extra-legal ownership", - "572a1ba46aef051400155291": "over 200", + "572a1ba46aef051400155290": "extra-legal", + "572a1ba46aef051400155291": "200", "572a1ba46aef051400155292": "government land", "572a1c943f37b319004786e1": "affordable housing", "572a1c943f37b319004786e2": "quality rental units", - "572a1c943f37b319004786e3": "quality rental units", + "572a1c943f37b319004786e3": "higher quality housing", "572a1c943f37b319004786e4": "gentrification", "572a1c943f37b319004786e5": "The ad valorem property tax policy", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f5": "everyone", - "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f6": "their finances", + "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f6": "finances", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f7": "aspirational consumption", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f8": "taking on debt", - "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f9": "economic instability", - "572a1f086aef0514001552c0": "created", - "572a1f086aef0514001552c1": "this multiplier", + "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f9": "even greater inequality and potential economic instability", + "572a1f086aef0514001552c0": "more waste and pollution is created", + "572a1f086aef0514001552c1": "multiplier would be lower, and thus the amount of environmental degradation", "572a1f086aef0514001552c2": "this as well", - "572a1f086aef0514001552c3": "the result of the increase of emissions per person being multiplied by a multiplier.", + "572a1f086aef0514001552c3": "a sustainable level (1/3 of current levels, so about 2 billion people), human inequality can be addressed/corrected", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d0": "the means of production", - "572a1fe16aef0514001552d1": "vast disparities in wealth", + "572a1fe16aef0514001552d1": "a small portion of the population", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d2": "wage or salary", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d3": "socially", - "572a1fe16aef0514001552d4": "reflective", + "572a1fe16aef0514001552d4": "reflective of individual contributions to the social product", "572a20816aef0514001552e4": "Robert Nozick", "572a20816aef0514001552e5": "taxation", - "572a20816aef0514001552e6": "force (usually in the form of taxation), and that the ideal moral society would be one where all individuals are free from force", + "572a20816aef0514001552e6": "force", "572a20816aef0514001552e7": "forceful taking of property", - "572a20816aef0514001552e8": "when they improve society as a whole", + "572a20816aef0514001552e8": "society as a whole", "572a213e6aef0514001552ee": "capability deprivation", "572a213e6aef0514001552ef": "the end itself", - "572a213e6aef0514001552f0": "to", - "572a213e6aef0514001552f1": "through increasing functionings", - "572a213e6aef0514001552f2": "agency", - "572a2224af94a219006aa823": "deprived", - "572a2224af94a219006aa824": "earn as much", + "572a213e6aef0514001552f0": "to \u201cwid[en] people\u2019s choices and the level of their achieved well-being", + "572a213e6aef0514001552f1": "increasing functionings", + "572a213e6aef0514001552f2": "the ability to pursue valued goals", + "572a2224af94a219006aa823": "deprived of earning as much", + "572a2224af94a219006aa824": "earn as much as a healthy young man", "572a2224af94a219006aa825": "gender roles and customs", "572a2224af94a219006aa826": "fear of their lives", - "572a2224af94a219006aa827": "better relevant income", + "572a2224af94a219006aa827": "a better relevant income", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e2": "BBC", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e3": "1963", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e4": "TARDIS", @@ -7639,60 +7639,60 @@ "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f6": "Christopher Eccleston", "5727f18c3acd2414000df063": "Twelve", "5727f18c3acd2414000df064": "Peter Capaldi", - "5727f18c3acd2414000df065": "2013 Christmas special", + "5727f18c3acd2414000df065": "The Time of the Doctor", "5727f18c3acd2414000df066": "after sustaining an injury", "5727f18c3acd2414000df067": "new personality", "5727f2583acd2414000df087": "Gallifrey", "5727f2583acd2414000df088": "TARDIS", "5727f2583acd2414000df089": "Time and Relative Dimension in Space", - "5727f2583acd2414000df08a": "chameleon circuit", - "5727f2583acd2414000df08b": "malfunction", + "5727f2583acd2414000df08a": "chameleon circuit\" which normally allows the machine to take on the appearance of local objects", + "5727f2583acd2414000df08b": "a blue British Police box", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a5": "rarely", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a6": "the Master", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a7": "regenerate", - "5727f3193acd2414000df0a8": "humans", + "5727f3193acd2414000df0a8": "humans, as he has found a fascination with planet Earth", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a9": "Time Lord", - "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a32": "23 November 1963", - "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a33": "the Daleks", - "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a34": "The Mutants.", + "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a32": "5:15 pm, on Saturday, 23 November 1963", + "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a33": "bug-eyed monsters", + "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a34": "bug-eyed monsters", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a35": "Terry Nation", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a36": "25 minutes", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a44": "26", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a45": "Jonathan Powell", - "5727f5622ca10214002d9a46": "More Than 30 Years in the TARDIS", + "5727f5622ca10214002d9a46": "Sophie Aldred", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a47": "the series would return", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a48": "BBC 1", - "5727f678ff5b5019007d9956": "relaunch", + "5727f678ff5b5019007d9956": "relaunch the show", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9957": "Philip Segal", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9958": "Fox Network", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9959": "9.1 million", "5727f678ff5b5019007d995a": "United States", - "5727f746ff5b5019007d9960": "Rose", + "5727f746ff5b5019007d9960": "\"Rose", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9961": "2005", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9963": "2009", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9964": "Chris Chibnall", - "5727f746ff5b5019007d9962": "Christmas Day specials", + "5727f746ff5b5019007d9962": "Christmas Day", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7c": "1963\u20131989", - "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7d": "2005", + "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7d": "2005 version of Doctor Who is a direct plot continuation of the original 1963\u20131989 series[note 2]", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7e": "1996", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7f": "Battlestar Galactica", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a80": "Mission Impossible", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164160": "30 November 1963", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164161": "eighty seconds", - "5727fc7f4b864d1900164162": "ten minutes", + "5727fc7f4b864d1900164162": "eighty seconds", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164163": "assassination of US President John F. Kennedy", - "5727fc7f4b864d1900164164": "assassination of US President John F. Kennedy", + "5727fc7f4b864d1900164164": "the assassination", "5727fdb94b864d190016417c": "Hiding behind (or 'watching from behind') the sofa", - "5727fdb94b864d190016417d": "the Museum of the Moving Image in London", + "5727fdb94b864d190016417d": "Museum of the Moving Image", "5727fdb94b864d190016417e": "Behind the Sofa", - "5727fdb94b864d190016417f": "scariest TV show of all time", + "5727fdb94b864d190016417f": "the \"scariest TV show of all time", "5727fdb94b864d1900164180": "Digital Spy", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a1": "Doctor Who", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a2": "3%", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a3": "Philip Howard", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a4": "Monopoly", - "5727fed73acd2414000df1a5": "The Times", - "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8c": "the TARDIS", + "5727fed73acd2414000df1a5": "The Times newspaper", + "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8c": "TARDIS", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8d": "blue police box", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8e": "time machine", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8f": "the Metropolitan Police Authority", @@ -7703,93 +7703,93 @@ "572800b03acd2414000df1f4": "The Master", "572800b03acd2414000df1f5": "Black Guardian Trilogy", "572801823acd2414000df1fb": "2005 revival", - "572801823acd2414000df1fc": "45-minute, self-contained episodes (60 minutes", + "572801823acd2414000df1fc": "60", "572801823acd2414000df1fd": "Christmas Day", "572801823acd2414000df1fe": "Journey's End", "572801823acd2414000df1ff": "2010", "5728023a4b864d19001641f4": "826", "5728023a4b864d19001641f5": "25-minute", "5728023a4b864d19001641f6": "eight", - "5728023a4b864d19001641f7": "60 minutes", - "5728023a4b864d19001641f8": "1963", + "5728023a4b864d19001641f7": "60", + "5728023a4b864d19001641f8": "2009", "572803493acd2414000df229": "William Hartnell and Patrick Troughton", "572803493acd2414000df22a": "97", - "572803493acd2414000df22b": "seasons 3, 4, & 5", + "572803493acd2414000df22b": "3, 4, & 5", "572803493acd2414000df22c": "1978", "572803493acd2414000df22d": "1964 and 1973", - "572804522ca10214002d9b94": "archives of other countries who bought prints for broadcast", + "572804522ca10214002d9b94": "bought prints for broadcast", "572804522ca10214002d9b95": "fans", - "572804522ca10214002d9b97": "Marco Polo", + "572804522ca10214002d9b97": "Mission to the Unknown\"", "572804522ca10214002d9b96": "8 mm cine", "572804522ca10214002d9b98": "home viewers", - "572805363acd2414000df26d": "the BBC", - "572805363acd2414000df26e": "animation studio Cosgrove Hall", + "572805363acd2414000df26d": "BBC", + "572805363acd2414000df26e": "Cosgrove Hall", "572805363acd2414000df26f": "1968", "572805363acd2414000df270": "Theta-Sigma", "572805363acd2414000df271": "November 2006", - "57280757ff5b5019007d9b42": "regeneration", - "57280757ff5b5019007d9b43": "third on-screen regeneration", - "57280757ff5b5019007d9b44": "poor health", + "57280757ff5b5019007d9b42": "change of appearance", + "57280757ff5b5019007d9b43": "third", + "57280757ff5b5019007d9b44": "William Hartnell's poor health", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b45": "renewal", - "57280757ff5b5019007d9b46": "renewal,\" and the Second Doctor underwent a \"change of appearance", + "57280757ff5b5019007d9b46": "change of appearance", "572808bf4b864d190016429a": "12", "572808bf4b864d190016429b": "13", - "572808bf4b864d190016429c": "The Time of the Doctor", - "572808bf4b864d190016429d": "The Deadly Assassin", - "572808bf4b864d190016429e": "1996", + "572808bf4b864d190016429c": "The Time of the Doctor\" depicted the Doctor acquiring a new cycle of regenerations, starting from the Twelfth", + "572808bf4b864d190016429d": "12", + "572808bf4b864d190016429e": "1996 TV film would later establish that a Time Lord can only regenerate 12 times, for a total of 13", "572809ab4b864d19001642ae": "John Hurt", "572809ab4b864d19001642af": "The Day of the Doctor", "572809ab4b864d19001642b0": "Michael Jayston", - "572809ab4b864d19001642b1": "The Trial of a Time Lord", + "572809ab4b864d19001642b1": "The Trial of a Time Lord, where Michael Jayston", "572809ab4b864d19001642b2": "McGann and Eccleston", - "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c66": "Eleventh Doctor meets an unknown incarnation of himself", + "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c66": "War Doctor", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c67": "The Three Doctors", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c68": "David Tennant", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c6a": "The Space Museum", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c69": "The Day of the Doctor", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca8": "Peter Davison", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca9": "Zagreus", - "57280cac2ca10214002d9caa": "multiple", - "57280cac2ca10214002d9cab": "Sylvester McCoy", + "57280cac2ca10214002d9caa": "Peter Davison, Colin Baker, Sylvester McCoy and Paul McGann", + "57280cac2ca10214002d9cab": "Colin Baker and Sylvester McCoy", "57280cac2ca10214002d9cac": "2003", - "57280e323acd2414000df349": "2013", - "57280e323acd2414000df34a": "1976", - "57280e323acd2414000df34b": "Mawdryn Undead (1983", + "57280e323acd2414000df349": "The Time of the Doctor", + "57280e323acd2414000df34a": "The Brain of Morbius (1976", + "57280e323acd2414000df34b": "Fourth", "57280e323acd2414000df34c": "2010, the Eleventh Doctor similarly calls himself \"the Eleventh\" in \"The Lodger", - "57280e323acd2414000df34d": "1983", + "57280e323acd2414000df34d": "The Five Doctors", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35b": "An Unearthly Child", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35c": "Susan Foreman", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35d": "2005", - "57280f0d3acd2414000df35e": "been destroyed", - "57280f0d3acd2414000df35f": "Smith and Jones\" (2007", - "5728103eff5b5019007d9c30": "human", + "57280f0d3acd2414000df35e": "destroyed", + "57280f0d3acd2414000df35f": "\"Smith and Jones\" (2007", + "5728103eff5b5019007d9c30": "humanoid aliens", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c31": "The Deadly Assassin", - "5728103eff5b5019007d9c33": "his granddaughter Susan Foreman", - "5728103eff5b5019007d9c34": "a Time Lady", + "5728103eff5b5019007d9c33": "Susan Foreman", + "5728103eff5b5019007d9c34": "humanoid aliens", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c32": "Romana", "572811434b864d190016438c": "female", - "572811434b864d190016438d": "Jack Harkness (John Barrowman", + "572811434b864d190016438d": "Jack Harkness (John Barrowman)", "572811434b864d190016438e": "Eleventh", "572811434b864d190016438f": "Pearl Mackie", "572811434b864d1900164390": "Catherine Tate", "572812142ca10214002d9d2a": "Russell T Davies", - "572812142ca10214002d9d2b": "2005", + "572812142ca10214002d9d2b": "series 1", "572812142ca10214002d9d2c": "Cybermen", "572812142ca10214002d9d2d": "3", "572812142ca10214002d9d2e": "Zygons", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c80": "The Dalek", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c81": "Skaro", - "572812eaff5b5019007d9c82": "exterminate\" all non-Dalek beings", + "572812eaff5b5019007d9c82": "non-Dalek beings", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c83": "Davros", - "572812eaff5b5019007d9c84": "their eyestalk", + "572812eaff5b5019007d9c84": "blind a Dalek, making it go mad", "572813b52ca10214002d9d68": "The Master", "572813b52ca10214002d9d69": "Professor Moriarty to the Doctor's Sherlock Holmes", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6a": "Eric Roberts", - "572813b52ca10214002d9d6b": "Sherlock Holmes", + "572813b52ca10214002d9d6b": "Professor Moriarty to the Doctor's Sherlock Holmes", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6c": "Roger Delgado", "572814882ca10214002d9d72": "Derek Jacobi", "572814882ca10214002d9d73": "Utopia", - "572814882ca10214002d9d74": "2014", + "572814882ca10214002d9d74": "2014 episode \"Dark Water,\" it was revealed that the Master had become a female incarnation or \"Time Lady,\" going by the name of \"Missy", "572814882ca10214002d9d75": "Missy", "572814882ca10214002d9d76": "Michelle Gomez", "572816213acd2414000df429": "Ron Grainer", @@ -7798,20 +7798,20 @@ "572816213acd2414000df42c": "1979\u201380", "572816213acd2414000df42d": "Did I write that?\"", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db0": "Peter Howell", - "5728177f2ca10214002d9db1": "Ron Grainer", + "5728177f2ca10214002d9db1": "Dominic Glynn", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db2": "Seventh", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db3": "Murray Gold", - "572817802ca10214002d9db4": "2005", + "572817802ca10214002d9db4": "2005 Christmas episode \"The Christmas Invasion\", Gold introduced a modified closing credits arrangement that was used up until the conclusion of the 2007 series", "5728185f3acd2414000df45b": "Voyage of the Damned", "5728185f3acd2414000df45d": "Classic FM", - "5728185f3acd2414000df45c": "2010", - "5728185f3acd2414000df45e": "number 228", - "5728185f3acd2414000df45f": "Gold", + "5728185f3acd2414000df45c": "hostile", + "5728185f3acd2414000df45e": "2011, the theme tune charted at number 228", + "5728185f3acd2414000df45f": "The Day of the Doctor", "572819864b864d190016447e": "Jon Pertwee", "572819864b864d190016447f": "Mankind", "572819864b864d1900164480": "number 24", - "572819864b864d1900164481": "Doctorin' the Tardis\" under the name The Timelords", - "572819864b864d1900164482": "Doctorin' the Tardis", + "572819864b864d1900164481": "The Timelords", + "572819864b864d1900164482": "\"Doctorin' the Tardis\" under the name The Timelords", "57281a952ca10214002d9dea": "Dudley Simpson", "57281a952ca10214002d9deb": "Planet of Giants", "57281a952ca10214002d9dec": "1960s and 1970s", @@ -7823,35 +7823,35 @@ "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfd": "Music of the Spheres", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfe": "Murray Gold and Ben Foster", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1e": "Six", - "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1f": "first two series", + "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1f": "two", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e20": "the 2008\u20132010 specials", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e21": "A Christmas Carol", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e22": "8 November 2010", "57281f203acd2414000df4f5": "The original logo", - "57281f203acd2414000df4f6": "Twelfth Doctor", - "57281f203acd2414000df4f7": "the logo used for the Third and Eighth Doctors is the primary logo used on all media and merchandise relating to past Doctors, and the current Doctor Who logo", + "57281f203acd2414000df4f6": "Twelfth", + "57281f203acd2414000df4f7": "current Doctor Who logo", "57281f203acd2414000df4f8": "1973\u201380", - "57281f203acd2414000df4f9": "Eleventh Doctor's run. The logo used in the television movie featuring the Eighth Doctor was an updated version of the logo used for the Third Doctor.", + "57281f203acd2414000df4f9": "Eleventh Doctor's run", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9c": "John F. Kennedy", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9d": "BBC One channel", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9e": "late 1970s", - "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9f": "circa 1964\u20131965", + "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9f": "1964\u20131965", "57282036ff5b5019007d9da0": "BBC Three", - "572821ceff5b5019007d9db2": "the ITV network strike of 1979", + "572821ceff5b5019007d9db2": "1979", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db3": "Its late 1980s performance of three to five million viewers", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db4": "Coronation Street", - "572821ceff5b5019007d9db5": "three to five million viewers", + "572821ceff5b5019007d9db5": "three to five million", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db6": "2005", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd4": "PBS", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd5": "TVNZ in New Zealand", - "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd6": "Edmonton, Canada", + "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd6": "CITV in Edmonton, Canada", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd7": "15 days", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd8": "23 November", - "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed6": "the Australian Broadcasting Corporation", - "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed7": "partial funding", + "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed6": "ABC", + "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed7": "The Five Doctors", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed8": "SyFy", - "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed9": "weekly screenings of all available classic episodes", - "5728245b2ca10214002d9eda": "the Australian Broadcasting Corporation", + "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed9": "all available classic episodes", + "5728245b2ca10214002d9eda": "ABC1", "572825714b864d1900164590": "1976", "572825714b864d1900164591": "The Three Doctors", "572825714b864d1900164592": "Space", @@ -7862,21 +7862,21 @@ "572826762ca10214002d9f2e": "The Christmas Invasion", "572826762ca10214002d9f2f": "9 October 2006", "572826762ca10214002d9f30": "Thanksgiving", - "5728274cff5b5019007d9e26": "United Kingdom", + "5728274cff5b5019007d9e26": "United Kingdom, Australia, Canada and the United States", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e27": "Eight", - "5728274cff5b5019007d9e28": "The Infinite Quest", + "5728274cff5b5019007d9e28": "Doctor Who", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e29": "Spearhead from Space", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e2a": "2009 onwards", "572828383acd2414000df5c3": "Trevor Martin", "572828383acd2414000df5c4": "The Ultimate Adventure", - "572828383acd2414000df5c5": "The Curse of the Daleks", - "572828383acd2414000df5c6": "Seven Keys to Doomsday", + "572828383acd2414000df5c5": "Terry Nation", + "572828383acd2414000df5c6": "Trevor Martin played the role in Doctor Who and the Daleks in the Seven Keys to Doomsday", "572828383acd2414000df5c7": "David Banks", "572829532ca10214002d9fa2": "Torchwood", "572829532ca10214002d9fa3": "22 October 2006", "572829532ca10214002d9fa4": "2008", "572829532ca10214002d9fa5": "Children of Earth", - "572829532ca10214002d9fa6": "Miracle Day", + "572829532ca10214002d9fa6": "Doctor Who", "57282f204b864d190016468a": "Elisabeth Sladen", "57282f204b864d190016468b": "24 September 2007", "57282f204b864d190016468c": "2009", @@ -7885,13 +7885,13 @@ "5728303e4b864d19001646aa": "Dimensions in Time", "5728303e4b864d19001646ab": "Children in Need", "5728303e4b864d19001646ac": "EastEnders", - "5728303e4b864d19001646ad": "glasses with one darkened lens", - "5728303e4b864d19001646ae": "Dimensions in Time", + "5728303e4b864d19001646ad": "one darkened lens", + "5728303e4b864d19001646ae": "Pulfrich", "572831512ca10214002da04a": "Doctor Who and the Curse of Fatal Death", "572831512ca10214002da04b": "four", - "572831512ca10214002da04c": "Rowan Atkinson", - "572831512ca10214002da04d": "Rowan Atkinson", - "572831512ca10214002da04e": "Steven Moffat, later to be head writer and executive producer", + "572831512ca10214002da04c": "Richard E. Grant", + "572831512ca10214002da04d": "Joanna Lumley", + "572831512ca10214002da04e": "Steven Moffat", "572833662ca10214002da086": "The Neutral Zone", "572833662ca10214002da087": "Blue Harvest\" and \"420", "572833662ca10214002da088": "Queer as Folk", @@ -7900,19 +7900,19 @@ "572834524b864d1900164716": "The Chase", "572834524b864d1900164717": "21-minute", "572834524b864d1900164718": "Doctor Who and the Pescatons", - "572834524b864d1900164719": "1981", + "572834524b864d1900164719": "1966", "572834524b864d190016471a": "Slipback", "572835854b864d190016472e": "Fifth, Sixth and Seventh Doctors", - "572835854b864d190016472f": "Destiny of the Doctor", + "572835854b864d190016472f": "the Doctors from the revived show", "572835854b864d1900164730": "Big Finish Productions", "572835854b864d1900164731": "1999", "572835854b864d1900164732": "2012", "572836732ca10214002da0dc": "1991", - "572836732ca10214002da0dd": "1965", + "572836732ca10214002da0dd": "mid-sixties", "572836732ca10214002da0de": "1979", "572836732ca10214002da0df": "Panini", "572836732ca10214002da0e0": "BBC Books", - "572837402ca10214002da0f4": "early 1960s", + "572837402ca10214002da0f4": "1960s", "572837402ca10214002da0f5": "BBC Television", "572837402ca10214002da0f6": "producers of the show", "572837402ca10214002da0f7": "the BBC", @@ -7921,38 +7921,38 @@ "572838323acd2414000df739": "2011", "572838323acd2414000df73a": "Michelle Gomez", "572838323acd2414000df73b": "Best Supporting Actress", - "57283a392ca10214002da118": "Guinness World Records", + "57283a392ca10214002da118": "Guinness World Records as the longest-running science fiction television show in the world", "57283a392ca10214002da119": "Doctor Who", - "57283a392ca10214002da11a": "electronic", + "57283a392ca10214002da11a": "electronic music (originally produced by the BBC Radiophonic Workshop", "57283a392ca10214002da11b": "2013", "57283a392ca10214002da11c": "50th anniversary special", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa4": "1975, Season 11", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa5": "Doctor Who", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa6": "third", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa7": "SFX magazine", - "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa8": "number eight", + "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa8": "eight", "57283ce72ca10214002da14c": "BAFTA TV Awards, including Best Drama Series", "57283ce72ca10214002da14d": "five", "57283ce72ca10214002da14e": "25", "57283ce72ca10214002da14f": "2009", - "57283ce72ca10214002da150": "Mind Award", + "57283ce72ca10214002da150": "critics and the public", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc6": "six", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc7": "over 200", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc8": "over a hundred", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc9": "Matt Smith", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fca": "The Waters of Mars", - "57283e652ca10214002da166": "Spike Milligan", + "57283e652ca10214002da166": "Spike Milligan (a Dalek invades his bathroom \u2014 Milligan, naked, hurls a soap sponge at it) and Lenny Henry", "57283e652ca10214002da167": "Jon Culshaw", "57283e652ca10214002da168": "soap sponge", "57283e652ca10214002da16a": "Doctor Who fandom", "57283e652ca10214002da169": "Dead Ringers", - "57283c464b864d19001647c8": "private research university", + "57283c464b864d19001647c8": "private research", "57283c464b864d19001647c9": "1890", "57283c464b864d19001647ca": "seven", "57283c464b864d19001647cb": "four", - "57283c464b864d19001647cc": "around 15,000", + "57283c464b864d19001647cc": "15,000", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbc": "various academic disciplines", - "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbd": "Chicago's physics department", + "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbd": "physics department", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbe": "Stagg Field", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbf": "University of Chicago Press", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fc0": "2020", @@ -7966,23 +7966,23 @@ "57284142ff5b5019007da00c": "Cobb Lecture Hall", "57284142ff5b5019007da00d": "$100,000", "57284142ff5b5019007da00e": "Charles L. Hutchinson", - "572843304b864d1900164848": "Des Moines College", + "572843304b864d1900164848": "Des Moines College, Kalamazoo College, Butler University, and Stetson University. In 1896, the university affiliated with Shimer College", "572843304b864d1900164849": "1896", "572843304b864d190016484a": "grade of A", "572843304b864d190016484b": "Several University of Chicago professors", "572843304b864d190016484c": "1910", "57284456ff5b5019007da05c": "Robert Maynard Hutchins", - "57284456ff5b5019007da060": "the Common Core", - "57284456ff5b5019007da05f": "in an attempt to emphasize academics", + "57284456ff5b5019007da060": "Common Core", + "57284456ff5b5019007da05f": "academics over athletics", "57284456ff5b5019007da05e": "24-year", "57284456ff5b5019007da05d": "1929", - "57284618ff5b5019007da0a8": "early 1950s", - "57284618ff5b5019007da0a9": "as a result of increasing crime and poverty", - "57284618ff5b5019007da0aa": "their second year", - "57284618ff5b5019007da0ab": "Hyde Park neighborhood. In response, the university became a major sponsor of a controversial urban renewal project for Hyde Park", - "57284618ff5b5019007da0ac": "very young students", + "57284618ff5b5019007da0a8": "1950s", + "57284618ff5b5019007da0a9": "Hyde Park neighborhood", + "57284618ff5b5019007da0aa": "second year", + "57284618ff5b5019007da0ab": "Hyde Park", + "57284618ff5b5019007da0ac": "very young students to attend college", "572847ff3acd2414000df869": "1962", - "572847ff3acd2414000df86a": "over the university's off-campus rental policies", + "572847ff3acd2414000df86a": "1962, when students occupied President George Beadle", "572847ff3acd2414000df86b": "1967", "572847ff3acd2414000df86c": "two-page", "572847ff3acd2414000df86d": "social and political action", @@ -7991,18 +7991,18 @@ "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f4": "$200 million", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f5": "the Chicago Theological Seminary", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f6": "David G. Booth", - "57284b904b864d19001648e2": "the Main Quadrangles", + "57284b904b864d19001648e2": "Main Quadrangles", "57284b904b864d19001648e3": "six", - "57284b904b864d19001648e4": "Henry Ives Cobb", + "57284b904b864d19001648e4": "Cobb, Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge, Holabird & Roche, and other architectural firms", "57284b904b864d19001648e5": "Magdalen Tower", "57284b904b864d19001648e6": "Christ Church Hall", - "57284d484b864d1900164900": "the 1940s", + "57284d484b864d1900164900": "1940s", "57284d484b864d1900164901": "Eero Saarinen", "57284d484b864d1900164902": "School of Social Service Administration", "57284d484b864d1900164903": "Harris School of Public Policy Studies", "57284d484b864d1900164904": "2003", "57284e9fff5b5019007da150": "Singapore, London", - "57284e9fff5b5019007da151": "the Seine", + "57284e9fff5b5019007da151": "Seine", "57284e9fff5b5019007da152": "2010", "57284e9fff5b5019007da153": "Renmin University", "57284e9fff5b5019007da154": "2015", @@ -8012,37 +8012,37 @@ "5728501aff5b5019007da169": "Andrew Alper", "5728501aff5b5019007da16a": "Daniel Diermeier", "5728510f4b864d1900164936": "The Higher Learning Commission", - "5728510f4b864d1900164937": "four", + "5728510f4b864d1900164937": "four divisions of graduate research", "5728510f4b864d1900164938": "seven", "57285213ff5b5019007da180": "50", "57285213ff5b5019007da181": "28", "57285213ff5b5019007da182": "five", - "57285213ff5b5019007da183": "New Collegiate Division", - "572853e8ff5b5019007da188": "the Common Core", + "57285213ff5b5019007da183": "interdisciplinary", + "572853e8ff5b5019007da188": "Common Core", "572853e8ff5b5019007da189": "17 students", - "572853e8ff5b5019007da18a": "rigorous, intense learning experience", - "572853e8ff5b5019007da18b": "Uni in the USA", + "572853e8ff5b5019007da18a": "intense", + "572853e8ff5b5019007da18b": "Undergraduate courses at the University of Chicago are known for their demanding standards, heavy workload and academic difficulty; according to Uni in the USA", "572855973acd2414000df925": "University of Chicago Laboratory Schools", "572855973acd2414000df926": "Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School", - "572855973acd2414000df927": "four", + "572855973acd2414000df927": "South Side of Chicago", "572855973acd2414000df928": "four public charter schools", "572855973acd2414000df929": "University of Chicago campus", "572856beff5b5019007da190": "six", "572856beff5b5019007da191": "9.8 million", - "572856beff5b5019007da192": "the Regenstein Library", + "572856beff5b5019007da192": "Regenstein Library", "572856beff5b5019007da193": "2011", - "572856beff5b5019007da194": "more than 1.3 million", + "572856beff5b5019007da194": "1.3 million", "57285841ff5b5019007da19a": "12", "57285841ff5b5019007da19b": "113", - "57285841ff5b5019007da19c": "the Oriental Institute", + "57285841ff5b5019007da19c": "Oriental Institute", "57285841ff5b5019007da19d": "Fermilab", "57285841ff5b5019007da19e": "Sunspot, New Mexico", "57286010ff5b5019007da1ca": "the free market", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cb": "Chicago Pile-1", - "57286010ff5b5019007da1cc": "Miller\u2013Urey experiment", + "57286010ff5b5019007da1cc": "Miller\u2013Urey", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cd": "1953", "572861cc4b864d190016495e": "1933", - "572861cc4b864d190016495f": "2000", + "572861cc4b864d190016495f": "1933 and in Cinema & Media studies since 2000", "572861cc4b864d1900164960": "1996", "572861cc4b864d1900164961": "1996) and theater & performance studies (2002", "572861cc4b864d1900164962": "Several thousand", @@ -8051,7 +8051,7 @@ "572863363acd2414000df987": "5,984", "572863363acd2414000df988": "5,792", "572863363acd2414000df989": "international students", - "572864542ca10214002da2de": "University Athletic Association", + "572864542ca10214002da2de": "University Athletic Association (UAA", "572864542ca10214002da2df": "Division III", "572864542ca10214002da2e0": "Big Ten Conference", "572864542ca10214002da2e1": "Jay Berwanger", @@ -8062,15 +8062,15 @@ "5728659f4b864d190016498d": "Doc Films", "5728659f4b864d190016498e": "Off-Off Campus", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fc": "graduate and undergraduate students", - "5728667eff5b5019007da1fd": "President", - "5728667eff5b5019007da1fe": "two Vice Presidents", - "5728667eff5b5019007da1ff": "greater than $2 million", + "5728667eff5b5019007da1fd": "Executive Committee", + "5728667eff5b5019007da1fe": "Student Life", + "5728667eff5b5019007da1ff": "$2 million", "572867543acd2414000df9a1": "fifteen", "572867543acd2414000df9a2": "seven", "572867543acd2414000df9a3": "Alpha Phi Omega", "572867543acd2414000df9a4": "Four", "572867543acd2414000df9a5": "ten", - "5728683b3acd2414000df9af": "Every May", + "5728683b3acd2414000df9af": "May", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b0": "1987", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b1": "Festival of the Arts", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b2": "Kuviasungnerk/Kangeiko", @@ -8078,7 +8078,7 @@ "57286951ff5b5019007da20e": "Satya Nadella", "57286951ff5b5019007da20f": "Larry Ellison", "57286951ff5b5019007da210": "Larry Ellison", - "57286951ff5b5019007da211": "Jon Corzine", + "57286951ff5b5019007da211": "MF Global CEO", "57286951ff5b5019007da212": "James O. McKinsey", "57286ab72ca10214002da31e": "Saul Alinsky", "57286ab72ca10214002da31f": "David Axelrod", @@ -8100,7 +8100,7 @@ "57286ec63acd2414000df9d3": "David Suzuki", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d4": "John B. Goodenough", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d5": "Clair Cameron Patterson", - "572870b2ff5b5019007da222": "Milton Friedman", + "572870b2ff5b5019007da222": "Thomas Sowell", "572870b2ff5b5019007da223": "Milton Friedman", "572870b2ff5b5019007da224": "Paul Samuelson", "572870b2ff5b5019007da225": "Eugene Fama", @@ -8120,20 +8120,20 @@ "5728759cff5b5019007da25b": "Raghuram Rajan", "5728759cff5b5019007da25a": "Goldman Sachs", "5728759cff5b5019007da25c": "David Bevington", - "5728759cff5b5019007da25d": "renowned political scientists John Mearsheimer and Robert Pape", + "5728759cff5b5019007da25d": "John Mearsheimer and Robert Pape", "5728759cff5b5019007da25e": "Neil Shubin and Paul Sereno", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b6": "\u5143\u671d", - "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b7": "\u5143\u671d; pinyin: Yu\u00e1n Ch\u00e1o), officially the Great Yuan", + "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b7": "Great Yuan", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b8": "Kublai Khan", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b9": "Kublai Khan", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1ba": "1271", - "572860e03acd2414000df977": "the Mongol Empire", + "572860e03acd2414000df977": "Tang dynasty", "572860e03acd2414000df978": "Ming dynasty", - "572860e03acd2414000df979": "Ming dynasty", - "572860e03acd2414000df97a": "Genghis Khan", + "572860e03acd2414000df979": "Tang dynasty", + "572860e03acd2414000df97a": "Taizu", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dc": "1271", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dd": "I Ching", - "57286192ff5b5019007da1de": "Dai \u00d6n Ulus", + "57286192ff5b5019007da1de": "Great Yuan", "57286192ff5b5019007da1df": "Great Mongol State", "57286192ff5b5019007da1e0": "Great Khan", "572863c72ca10214002da2d4": "Mongol and Turkic", @@ -8142,172 +8142,172 @@ "572863c72ca10214002da2d7": "1251", "572863c72ca10214002da2d8": "nephew", "572864dd4b864d1900164976": "the Jin", - "572864dd4b864d1900164977": "Xiao Zhala", - "572864dd4b864d1900164978": "Shi Tianze, Liu Heima", + "572864dd4b864d1900164977": "Two", + "572864dd4b864d1900164978": "Two Han Chinese leaders, Shi Tianze", "572864dd4b864d1900164979": "10,000", - "572864dd4b864d190016497a": "3", + "572864dd4b864d190016497a": "three", "5728661e2ca10214002da2e8": "Han Chinese", - "5728661e2ca10214002da2e9": "the Jin dynasty", + "5728661e2ca10214002da2e9": "Jin dynasty", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ea": "Interethnic marriage between Han and Jurchen", "5728661e2ca10214002da2eb": "Shi Bingzhi", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ec": "Song dynasty", "572867212ca10214002da2f2": "M\u00f6ngke Khan", "572867212ca10214002da2f3": "southern China", "572867212ca10214002da2f4": "1259", - "572867212ca10214002da2f5": "his brother", + "572867212ca10214002da2f5": "Ariq B\u00f6ke", "572867212ca10214002da2f6": "Zhongtong", "572867d72ca10214002da2fc": "Ogedei", "572867d72ca10214002da2fd": "south", "572867d72ca10214002da2fe": "Wonjong", - "572867d72ca10214002da2ff": "northeast border", + "572867d72ca10214002da2ff": "northeast", "572867d72ca10214002da300": "1262", - "572869b84b864d19001649ae": "preserving Mongol interests in China", - "572869b84b864d19001649b0": "Imperial Secretariat", + "572869b84b864d19001649ae": "preserving Mongol interests in China and satisfying the demands of his Chinese subjects", + "572869b84b864d19001649b0": "the Imperial Secretariat", "572869b84b864d19001649b2": "Han Chinese", "572869b84b864d19001649b1": "three, later four", "572869b84b864d19001649af": "salt and iron", "57286b003acd2414000df9c1": "Karakorum", - "57286b003acd2414000df9c2": "Khanbaliq", + "57286b003acd2414000df9c2": "Karakorum in Mongolia to Khanbaliq", "57286b003acd2414000df9c3": "1264", "57286b003acd2414000df9c4": "Zhongdu", "57286b003acd2414000df9c5": "Confucian propriety and ancestor veneration", - "57286bb84b864d19001649c8": "commercial, scientific, and cultural", + "57286bb84b864d19001649c8": "commercial, scientific, and cultural growth", "57286bb84b864d19001649c9": "Mongol peace", "57286bb84b864d19001649ca": "southern China", "57286bb84b864d19001649cb": "Daidu", "57286bb84b864d19001649cc": "Marco Polo", "57286c8cff5b5019007da218": "the Song Emperor", "57286c8cff5b5019007da219": "1115\u20131234", - "57286c8cff5b5019007da21a": "34", - "57286c8cff5b5019007da21b": "Kong Duancao", + "57286c8cff5b5019007da21a": "1115\u20131234", + "57286c8cff5b5019007da21b": "Jin dynasty (1115\u20131234) in the north appointed Kong Duanyou's brother Kong Duancao", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21c": "30,000", "57286d4f2ca10214002da328": "northern China", "57286d4f2ca10214002da329": "1268 and 1273", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32a": "Yangzi River basin", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32b": "Hangzhou", - "57286d4f2ca10214002da32c": "battle of Yamen in 1279. The last Song emperor drowned", + "57286d4f2ca10214002da32c": "drowned", "57286dfa2ca10214002da332": "1279", - "57286dfa2ca10214002da333": "an inauspicious typhoon", - "57286dfa2ca10214002da334": "Vietnam", - "57286dfa2ca10214002da335": "B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng", - "57286dfa2ca10214002da336": "1288", + "57286dfa2ca10214002da333": "typhoon", + "57286dfa2ca10214002da334": "Fujian region of China", + "57286dfa2ca10214002da335": "B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng (1288", + "57286dfa2ca10214002da336": "Battle of B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng (1288", "57286ead2ca10214002da346": "1253", "57286ead2ca10214002da347": "Zhenjin, as the Crown Prince", "57286ead2ca10214002da348": "1285", - "57286ead2ca10214002da349": "Tem\u00fcr Khan, or Emperor Chengzong", + "57286ead2ca10214002da349": "Emperor Chengzong", "57286ead2ca10214002da34a": "1294 to 1307", "57286f373acd2414000df9db": "Buyantu Khan", "57286f373acd2414000df9dc": "mainstream Chinese culture", "57286f373acd2414000df9dd": "Li Meng", - "57286f373acd2414000df9de": "Department of State Affairs", + "57286f373acd2414000df9de": "State Affairs", "57286f373acd2414000df9df": "1313", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e5": "Emperor Gegeen Khan", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e6": "two years", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e7": "Baiju", - "57286fa83acd2414000df9e8": "the comprehensive institutions", + "57286fa83acd2414000df9e8": "the comprehensive institutions of the Great Yuan", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e9": "five", "5728705c2ca10214002da35a": "Shangdu", "5728705c2ca10214002da35b": "War of the Two Capitals", "5728705c2ca10214002da35c": "four days", - "5728705c2ca10214002da35d": "poison", + "5728705c2ca10214002da35d": "El Tem\u00fcr", "5728705c2ca10214002da35e": "Tugh Tem\u00fcr", "5728710c3acd2414000df9ef": "cultural contribution", - "5728710c3acd2414000df9f0": "Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature", + "5728710c3acd2414000df9f0": "Pavilion of the Star of Literature", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f1": "1329", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f2": "Jingshi Dadian", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f3": "Buddhism", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa03": "1332", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa04": "Emperor Ningzong", - "572871bd3acd2414000dfa05": "13-year-old", + "572871bd3acd2414000dfa05": "13-year", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa06": "nine", - "572871bd3acd2414000dfa07": "the Liao, Jin, and Song", - "572872822ca10214002da374": "struggle, famine", - "572872822ca10214002da375": "Asia", - "572872822ca10214002da376": "both the army and the populace", + "572871bd3acd2414000dfa07": "Liao, Jin, and Song", + "572872822ca10214002da374": "famine", + "572872822ca10214002da375": "while the Mongols beyond the Middle Kingdom saw them as too Chinese", + "572872822ca10214002da376": "the army and the populace", "572872822ca10214002da377": "Outlaws", "572872822ca10214002da378": "administration", "57287338ff5b5019007da232": "1340s", "57287338ff5b5019007da233": "Red Turban Rebellion", - "57287338ff5b5019007da234": "fear of betrayal", - "57287338ff5b5019007da235": "the Red Turban rebels", - "57287338ff5b5019007da236": "1368\u20131644", - "572878942ca10214002da3a2": "The political unity", + "57287338ff5b5019007da234": "betrayal", + "57287338ff5b5019007da235": "Khanbaliq", + "57287338ff5b5019007da236": "M\u00edng dynasty (1368\u20131644), founded by Zhu Yuanzhang", + "572878942ca10214002da3a2": "Ilkhanate", "572878942ca10214002da3a3": "The Mongols' extensive West Asian and European contacts", - "572878942ca10214002da3a4": "the Ilkhanate", - "572878942ca10214002da3a5": "carrots", + "572878942ca10214002da3a4": "Ilkhanate", + "572878942ca10214002da3a5": "carrots, turnips, new varieties of lemons, eggplants, and melons, high-quality granulated sugar, and cotton", "572879574b864d1900164a14": "Western", "572879574b864d1900164a15": "Nestorianism and Roman Catholicism", "572879574b864d1900164a16": "Taoism", "572879574b864d1900164a17": "Confucian governmental practices and examinations based on the Classics", - "572879574b864d1900164a18": "the hope of maintaining order over Han society. Advances were realized in the fields of travel literature, cartography, geography, and scientific education", + "572879574b864d1900164a18": "scientific education", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a28": "Marco Polo", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a29": "Cambaluc", - "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2a": "Il milione (or, The Million", + "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2a": "The Million", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2b": "Il milione (or, The Million", - "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2c": "contact with Persian traders", + "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2c": "Persian traders", "57287c142ca10214002da3d0": "Guo Shoujing", "57287c142ca10214002da3d1": "365.2425", "57287c142ca10214002da3d2": "granaries", - "57287c142ca10214002da3d3": "Beijing", + "57287c142ca10214002da3d3": "Beijing became the terminus of the Grand Canal of China", "57287c142ca10214002da3d4": "sorghum", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3da": "non-native Chinese", - "57287ccb2ca10214002da3db": "the Eternal Heaven", - "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dc": "the Song dynasty", - "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dd": "the other hand, the Yuan dynasty is usually considered to be the legitimate dynasty between the Song dynasty and the Ming dynasty", - "57287ccb2ca10214002da3de": "a period of foreign domination", - "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e4": "the empire, including that of the Han Chinese, Khitans, Jurchens, Mongols, and Tibetan Buddhists", - "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e5": "Tang, Song, as well as Khitan Liao and Jurchen Jin", - "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e6": "Liu Bingzhong and Yao Shu", - "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e7": "tripartite division of authority", - "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e8": "central government administration", + "57287ccb2ca10214002da3db": "Eternal Heaven", + "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dc": "the Song dynasty and the Ming dynasty", + "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dd": "the Song dynasty and the Ming dynasty", + "57287ccb2ca10214002da3de": "period of foreign domination", + "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e4": "Han Chinese, Khitans, Jurchens, Mongols, and Tibetan Buddhists", + "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e5": "Tang, Song, as well as Khitan Liao", + "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e6": "Liu Bingzhong", + "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e7": "traditional Chinese tripartite", + "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e8": "civil, military, and censorial offices", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa3f": "Privy Council", - "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa40": "the Sui and Tang dynasties", - "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa41": "Mongols", - "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa42": "the Privy Council", + "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa40": "Sui and Tang dynasties", + "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa41": "Mongols and Semuren", + "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa42": "Privy Council", "57287e512ca10214002da3f8": "1269", - "57287e512ca10214002da3f9": "Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese", + "57287e512ca10214002da3f9": "Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese languages", "57287e512ca10214002da3fa": "converse", - "57287e512ca10214002da3fb": "Emperor Wenzong", - "57287e512ca10214002da3fc": "Emperor Wenzong", + "57287e512ca10214002da3fb": "Tangut", + "57287e512ca10214002da3fc": "Wenzong", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da274": "1290", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da275": "1291", - "57287ee3ff5b5019007da276": "harvests", - "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa51": "poetry, painting, and calligraphy", - "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa52": "painting, poetry, and calligraphy at this time many of the artists practicing these different pursuits", + "57287ee3ff5b5019007da276": "harvests of their Chinese tenants", + "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa51": "classical Chinese art", + "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa52": "classical Chinese art", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa53": "the Song dynasty", - "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa54": "the qu", + "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa54": "qu", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa55": "zaju", - "57287fec4b864d1900164a3c": "the western khanates", + "57287fec4b864d1900164a3c": "western khanates, the Yuan dynasty", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3d": "Buddhism", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3e": "Tibetan Buddhism", - "57287fec4b864d1900164a3f": "Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs", + "57287fec4b864d1900164a3f": "Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs (Xuanzheng Yuan", "57287fec4b864d1900164a40": "Sakya", "5728804b4b864d1900164a46": "1249", "5728804b4b864d1900164a47": "1314", - "5728804b4b864d1900164a48": "modern matrices", + "5728804b4b864d1900164a48": "matrices", "5728804b4b864d1900164a49": "polynomial algebra", "5728804b4b864d1900164a4a": "1303", - "5728809f2ca10214002da40c": "applied mathematics", - "5728809f2ca10214002da40d": "cubic interpolation formula", - "5728809f2ca10214002da40e": "\u6388\u6642\u66a6) or Calendar for Fixing the Seasons", - "5728809f2ca10214002da40f": "Calendar for Fixing the Seasons", + "5728809f2ca10214002da40c": "mathematics", + "5728809f2ca10214002da40d": "cubic interpolation", + "5728809f2ca10214002da40e": "Shoushi Li", + "5728809f2ca10214002da40f": "Shoushi Li", "5728809f2ca10214002da410": "1281", - "572881022ca10214002da416": "non-Mongol physicians called otachi and traditional Mongol shamans. The Mongols characterized otachi doctors", + "572881022ca10214002da416": "herbal remedies", "572881022ca10214002da417": "herbal remedies", "572881022ca10214002da418": "herbal remedies", - "572881022ca10214002da419": "Imperial Academy of Medicine", - "572881022ca10214002da41a": "because it ensured a high income", + "572881022ca10214002da419": "the Imperial Academy of Medicine", + "572881022ca10214002da41a": "compatible with Confucian virtues", "572881704b864d1900164a50": "Four Great Schools", - "572881704b864d1900164a51": "Four Great Schools", + "572881704b864d1900164a51": "Four Great Schools\" that the Yuan inherited from the Jin dynasty", "572881704b864d1900164a52": "Under the Mongols", - "572881704b864d1900164a53": "acupuncture", + "572881704b864d1900164a53": "acupuncture, moxibustion, pulse diagnosis", "572881704b864d1900164a54": "1347", "572881d34b864d1900164a5a": "Muslim medicine", "572881d34b864d1900164a5b": "Jesus the Interpreter", "572881d34b864d1900164a5c": "1263", "572881d34b864d1900164a5d": "humoral system", "572881d34b864d1900164a5e": "yin-yang and wuxing", - "572882242ca10214002da420": "through Kingdom of Qocho and Tibetan intermediaries", + "572882242ca10214002da420": "Kingdom of Qocho and Tibetan intermediaries", "572882242ca10214002da421": "Wang Zhen", "572882242ca10214002da422": "12th century", "572882242ca10214002da423": "T\u00f6regene Khatun", @@ -8317,170 +8317,170 @@ "5728827b2ca10214002da42c": "1275", "5728827b2ca10214002da42d": "woodblocks", "5728827b2ca10214002da42e": "1294", - "572883153acd2414000dfa6f": "traditional Chinese autocratic-bureaucratic system", + "572883153acd2414000dfa6f": "feudalism", "572883153acd2414000dfa70": "traditional Chinese autocratic-bureaucratic system", - "572883153acd2414000dfa71": "the western end of the empire", - "572883153acd2414000dfa72": "colonial", - "572883153acd2414000dfa73": "the Ilkhanate", + "572883153acd2414000dfa71": "Central Asia", + "572883153acd2414000dfa72": "\"colonial\" coloration", + "572883153acd2414000dfa73": "Ilkhanate", "572883a33acd2414000dfa79": "Central Asian Muslims", - "572883a33acd2414000dfa7a": "Han Chinese and Khitans", - "572883a33acd2414000dfa7b": "Besh Baliq, Almaliq, and Samarqand", + "572883a33acd2414000dfa7a": "Han Chinese", + "572883a33acd2414000dfa7b": "Besh Baliq", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7c": "artisans and farmers", - "572883a33acd2414000dfa7d": "Qara-Khitays (Khitans", - "57288428ff5b5019007da28e": "some policies of the Yuan Emperors severely discriminated against them, restricting Halal slaughter", + "572883a33acd2414000dfa7d": "Ahai", + "57288428ff5b5019007da28e": "Halal slaughter", "57288428ff5b5019007da28f": "Kosher butchering", "57288428ff5b5019007da290": "Zhu Yuanzhang", - "57288428ff5b5019007da291": "thanks", - "57288428ff5b5019007da292": "Muslims in the semu class", + "57288428ff5b5019007da291": "\"thanks", + "57288428ff5b5019007da292": "The Muslims in the semu class", "5728848cff5b5019007da298": "Frederick W. Mote", - "5728848cff5b5019007da299": "their actual social power and wealth", - "5728848cff5b5019007da29a": "rich and well socially standing", + "5728848cff5b5019007da299": "\"degrees of privilege", + "5728848cff5b5019007da29a": "rich and well socially standing Chinese", "5728848cff5b5019007da29b": "less rich Mongol and Semu", "572885023acd2414000dfa83": "Northern Chinese", "572885023acd2414000dfa84": "Southern Chinese", - "572885023acd2414000dfa85": "because", + "572885023acd2414000dfa85": "because southern China withstood and fought to the last before caving in", "572885023acd2414000dfa86": "The Northern Chinese", "572885023acd2414000dfa87": "private southern Chinese manufacturers and merchants", - "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8d": "the Korean King", - "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8e": "the Karluk Kara-Khanid ruler", - "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8f": "last", - "5728855d3acd2414000dfa90": "because", + "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8d": "Uighurs", + "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8e": "Karluk Kara-Khanid ruler", + "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8f": "Uighur King of Qocho was ranked higher than", + "5728855d3acd2414000dfa90": "the Karluk Kara-Khanid ruler", "572885c44b864d1900164a78": "Central Region", - "572885c44b864d1900164a79": "the Central Secretariat", - "572885c44b864d1900164a7a": "modern Beijing", + "572885c44b864d1900164a79": "Central Secretariat", + "572885c44b864d1900164a7a": "Khanbaliq (modern Beijing", "572885c44b864d1900164a7b": "modern Beijing", "572885c44b864d1900164a7c": "Zhongshu Sheng", - "5728dab94b864d1900164f96": "the equator", + "5728dab94b864d1900164f96": "Nairobi. Kenya's territory lies on the equator", "5728dab94b864d1900164f97": "East African Community", "5728dab94b864d1900164f98": "Nairobi", "5728dab94b864d1900164f99": "Tanzania", "5728dab94b864d1900164f9a": "45 million", - "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dc": "warm and humid tropical climate", + "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dc": "warm and humid tropical", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dd": "cooler", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9de": "Mount Kenya", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9df": "Somalia and Ethiopia", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9e0": "safaris", - "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac2": "the Lower Paleolithic period", + "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac2": "Lower Paleolithic period", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac3": "first millennium AD", - "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac4": "Mombasa", + "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac4": "Nilotic populations together constitute around 97% of the nation's residents. European and Arab presence in coastal Mombasa", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac5": "19th century", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac6": "December 1963", "5728f5376aef0514001548c4": "Mount Kenya", - "5728f5376aef0514001548c5": "Kirinyaga, Kirenyaa and Kiinyaa which mean \"God's resting place", + "5728f5376aef0514001548c5": "Kirinyaga, Kirenyaa and Kiinyaa", "5728f5376aef0514001548c6": "God's resting place", - "5728f9342ca10214002dab52": "Kenia and Kegnia", + "5728f9342ca10214002dab52": "Kenia", "5728f9342ca10214002dab53": "a correct African pronunciation /\u02c8k\u025bnj\u0259/.", "5728f9342ca10214002dab54": "Joseph Thompsons", "5728f9342ca10214002dab55": "1862", - "5728f9cf4b864d1900165166": "Big Five", - "5728f9cf4b864d1900165167": "The \"Big Five\" game animals", + "5728f9cf4b864d1900165166": "\"Big Five", + "5728f9cf4b864d1900165167": "the lion, leopard, buffalo, rhinoceros, and elephant", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165168": "Kenya", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165169": "June and September", "5728f9cf4b864d190016516a": "2,900 kilometres", "5728fa576aef051400154920": "20 million years ago", - "5728fa576aef051400154921": "Pleistocene epoch", + "5728fa576aef051400154921": "Pleistocene", "5728fa576aef051400154922": "Richard Leakey", - "5728fa576aef051400154923": "1.6-million", + "5728fa576aef051400154923": "1.6", "5728fa576aef051400154924": "Mary Leakey and Louis Leakey", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3b": "Swahili", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3c": "Mombasa", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3d": "Duarte Barbosa", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef5": "the Kenyan Coast", - "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef6": "City of Malindi", + "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef6": "Malindi", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef7": "14th century", "5729024f1d04691400778f5f": "August 1914", - "5729024f1d04691400778f60": "German East Africa", + "5729024f1d04691400778f60": "British East Africa (as the Protectorate was generally known) and German East Africa", "5729024f1d04691400778f61": "Lt Col Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck", "5729024f1d04691400778f62": "guerrilla warfare campaign", "5729024f1d04691400778f63": "Northern Rhodesia", - "572903d96aef0514001549a4": "The central highlands", + "572903d96aef0514001549a4": "central highlands", "572903d96aef0514001549a5": "itinerant farmers", - "572903d96aef0514001549a6": ",", + "572903d96aef0514001549a6": "banned the growing of coffee", "572903d96aef0514001549a7": "80,000", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4d": "15 January 1954", - "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4e": "a better understanding of the Mau Mau command structure.", + "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4e": "better understanding of the Mau Mau command structure", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4f": "24 April 1954", - "5729046aaf94a219006a9f50": "42%", - "5729046aaf94a219006a9f51": "the Swynnerton Plan", + "5729046aaf94a219006a9f50": "4,686", + "5729046aaf94a219006a9f51": "Swynnerton Plan", "572906e23f37b31900477f8d": "1957", "572906e23f37b31900477f8e": "Jomo Kenyatta", "572906e23f37b31900477f8f": "12 December 1963", "572906e23f37b31900477f90": "12 December 1963", "572906e23f37b31900477f91": "Republic of Kenya", "572909406aef0514001549dc": "queuing", - "572909406aef0514001549dd": "climax of a very undemocratic regime", + "572909406aef0514001549dd": "queuing) system, where voters were supposed to line up behind their favoured candidates", "572909406aef0514001549de": "Daniel arap Moi", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc5": "presidential representative democratic republic", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc6": "head of state", - "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc7": "the government", - "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc8": "the National Assembly", + "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc7": "government", + "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc8": "National Assembly", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc9": "The Judiciary", "57290b21af94a219006a9fcf": "139th", - "57290b21af94a219006a9fd0": "Corruption Perception Index (CPI), a metric which attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption", + "57290b21af94a219006a9fd0": "Corruption Perception Index", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd1": "139th", - "57290b21af94a219006a9fd2": "developments with regards to curbing corruption", + "57290b21af94a219006a9fd2": "Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission", "57290d811d04691400778fcf": "Party of National Unity", - "57290d811d04691400778fd0": "the Orange Democratic Movement", - "57290d811d04691400778fd1": "a substantial margin after votes from his stronghold arrived later. This led to protests and open discrediting of the ECK for complicity", + "57290d811d04691400778fd0": "Orange Democratic Movement (ODM", + "57290d811d04691400778fd1": "complicity", "57290d811d04691400778fd2": "Odinga", "57290e153f37b31900477fd9": "programmes", "57290e153f37b31900477fda": "the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission", - "57290e153f37b31900477fdb": "Evangelical Lutheran Church in Kenya", - "57290e153f37b31900477fdc": "the Kenya National Dialogue and Reconciliation process", + "57290e153f37b31900477fdb": "Evangelical Lutheran Church", + "57290e153f37b31900477fdc": "the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission initiated community dialogues", "57290ee2af94a219006a9fff": "28 February 2008", "57290ee2af94a219006aa000": "Prime Minister", "57290ee2af94a219006aa001": "PNU and ODM camps", - "57290ee2af94a219006aa002": "depending on each party's strength in Parliament", + "57290ee2af94a219006aa002": "PNU and ODM camps depending on each party's strength in Parliament", "57290ee2af94a219006aa003": "end of the current Parliament", - "57290f963f37b31900477feb": "the functions of the Government", + "57290f963f37b31900477feb": "co-ordinate and supervise the functions of the Government", "57290f963f37b31900477fec": "Jakaya Kikwete", "57290f963f37b31900477fed": "Nairobi's Harambee House", "57290f963f37b31900477fee": "29 February 2008", - "57290f963f37b31900477fef": "salvaging", - "572913626aef051400154a30": "A constitutional change was considered that would eliminate the position of Prime Minister", + "57290f963f37b31900477fef": "the two political parties would share power equally", + "572913626aef051400154a30": "Prime Minister", "572913626aef051400154a31": "4 August 2010", - "572913626aef051400154a32": "the position of Prime Minister", + "572913626aef051400154a32": "delegates more power to local governments", "572913626aef051400154a33": "27 August 2010", - "572913626aef051400154a34": "the Second Republic", + "572913626aef051400154a34": "Second Republic", "572914441d04691400779025": "December 2014", - "572914441d04691400779026": "to guard against armed groups", + "572914441d04691400779026": "armed groups", "572914441d04691400779027": "nine Western countries", - "572914441d04691400779028": "Opposition politicians, human rights groups, and nine Western countries", - "572914441d04691400779029": "The governments of the United States, Britain, Germany and France", - "572914f46aef051400154a46": "the summer, Kenyatta visited China at the invitation of President Xi Jinping after a stop in Russia and not having visited the United States as president.", + "572914441d04691400779028": "Opposition politicians, human rights groups, and nine Western countries criticised the security bill, arguing that it infringed on democratic freedoms", + "572914441d04691400779029": "The governments of the United States", + "572914f46aef051400154a46": "President Kenyatta and Deputy President William Ruto related to the 2007 election aftermath", "572914f46aef051400154a47": "Barack Obama", "572914f46aef051400154a48": "China", "572914f46aef051400154a49": "July 2015", - "572915621d0469140077902f": "peacekeeping", - "572915621d04691400779030": "a commission of inquiry, the Waki Commission", + "572915621d0469140077902f": "peacekeeping missions around the world", + "572915621d04691400779030": "commission of inquiry, the Waki Commission", "572915621d04691400779031": "human rights violations", - "572915e43f37b31900478005": "Kenya\u2019s armed forces, like many government institutions in the country", - "572915e43f37b31900478006": "state security", - "572915e43f37b31900478007": "credible", + "572915e43f37b31900478005": "Kenya\u2019s armed forces, like many government institutions", + "572915e43f37b31900478006": "Because the operations of the armed forces have been traditionally cloaked by the ubiquitous blanket of \u201cstate security", + "572915e43f37b31900478007": "Armoured Personnel Carriers", "572915e43f37b31900478008": "Armoured Personnel Carriers. Further, the wisdom and prudence of certain decisions of procurement", "572916f16aef051400154a56": "0.519", "572916f16aef051400154a57": "Kenya", - "572916f16aef051400154a58": "less than $1.25", + "572916f16aef051400154a58": "$1.25", "572916f16aef051400154a59": "frontier market or occasionally an emerging market", - "572917743f37b3190047800d": "telecommunication and financial activity", + "572917743f37b3190047800d": "telecommunication", "572917743f37b3190047800f": "food security", "572917743f37b31900478010": "Industry and manufacturing", "572917743f37b3190047800e": "75%", "572917ff6aef051400154a5e": "61%", "572917ff6aef051400154a5f": "tourism", - "572917ff6aef051400154a60": "revival", + "572917ff6aef051400154a60": "steady growth", "572917ff6aef051400154a62": "the coastal beaches", "572917ff6aef051400154a61": "Germany and the United Kingdom", "572918bd3f37b31900478016": "24%", "572918bd3f37b31900478017": "tea", "572918bd3f37b31900478015": "Agriculture", "572918bd3f37b31900478018": "weather", - "57291a7b1d0469140077903f": "International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics", - "57291a7b1d04691400779040": "pigeon pea", - "57291a7b1d04691400779041": "Successive projects", + "57291a7b1d0469140077903f": "International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT", + "57291a7b1d04691400779040": "farmers grow new pigeon pea varieties, instead of maize", + "57291a7b1d04691400779041": "Successive projects encouraged the commercialisation of legumes, by stimulating the growth of local seed production and agro-dealer networks", "57291a7b1d04691400779042": "20\u201325%", "57291a7b1d04691400779043": "20\u201325%", - "57291b461d04691400779049": "the fertile highlands", + "57291b461d04691400779049": "fertile highlands", "57291b461d0469140077904a": "Tea, coffee", "57291b461d0469140077904b": "the semi-arid savanna", "57291b461d0469140077904c": "53%", @@ -8489,35 +8489,35 @@ "57291beb1d04691400779054": "14%", "57291beb1d04691400779055": "Nairobi, Mombasa and Kisumu", "57291beb1d04691400779056": "household goods", - "57291d9e3f37b31900478035": "African Growth and Opportunity Act", + "57291d9e3f37b31900478035": "AGOA", "57291d9e3f37b31900478036": "2000", - "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09b": "hydroelectric", - "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09c": "the upper Tana River", + "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09b": "hydroelectric stations at dams along the upper Tana River", + "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09c": "upper Tana River", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09d": "1997", "57291f153f37b31900478043": "Turkana", - "57291f153f37b31900478044": "10 billion barrels", + "57291f153f37b31900478044": "10 billion", "57291f153f37b31900478045": "Exploration", "57291f153f37b31900478046": "20% to 25%", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b1": "$474 million", - "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b2": "largest source of foreign direct investment", + "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b2": "$474 million", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b3": "a planned $2.5 billion railway", - "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b4": "Kenyan coastal town of Kilifi", + "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b4": "Kilifi", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b5": "environmental and social problems", - "57292046af94a219006aa0bb": "economic development programme", - "57292046af94a219006aa0bc": "Vision 2030", - "57292046af94a219006aa0bd": "Vision 2030", - "57292046af94a219006aa0be": "oversight", + "57292046af94a219006aa0bb": "economic development programme it hopes will put the country in the same league as the Asian Economic Tigers", + "57292046af94a219006aa0bc": "economic development programme", + "57292046af94a219006aa0bd": "National Climate Change Action Plan", + "57292046af94a219006aa0be": "omitting climate as a key development issue in Vision 2030 was an oversight", "57292046af94a219006aa0bf": "direct and robust delivery framework", "572920d73f37b31900478055": "agriculture", "572920d73f37b31900478056": "30%", "572920d73f37b31900478057": "9\u201318", - "572920d73f37b31900478058": "poverty", - "572921646aef051400154a78": "English", + "572920d73f37b31900478058": "poverty, the lack of access to education and weak government institutions", + "572921646aef051400154a78": "British English is primarily used in the country. Additionally, a distinct local dialect, Kenyan English", "572921646aef051400154a79": "English", - "572921646aef051400154a7a": "a mixture of Swahili and English, it is an example of linguistic code-switching.", + "572921646aef051400154a7a": "commerce, schooling and government", "572921646aef051400154a7b": "in the country", "572922206aef051400154a8a": "Christian", - "572922206aef051400154a8b": "Christian", + "572922206aef051400154a8b": "Orthodox Christians", "572922206aef051400154a8c": "3 million", "572922206aef051400154a8d": "Nairobi", "57292449af94a219006aa0dd": "2.4%.", @@ -8530,269 +8530,269 @@ "572924b53f37b3190047806a": "7,000", "572925491d046914007790c3": "Diseases of poverty", "572925491d046914007790c4": "Half", - "572925491d046914007790c5": "malaria, HIV/AIDS, pneumonia, diarrhoea and malnutrition", - "572925491d046914007790c6": "weak policies, corruption", + "572925491d046914007790c5": "Preventable diseases", + "572925491d046914007790c6": "weak policies", "572925491d046914007790c7": "15 million", "572925a81d046914007790cd": "British colonists", "572925a81d046914007790ce": "12 December 1963", "572925a81d046914007790cf": "Ominde Commission", - "572925a81d046914007790d0": "introduce changes", + "572925a81d046914007790d0": "identity and unity", "572925a81d046914007790d1": "7\u20134\u20132\u20133", "572926086aef051400154ac2": "reforming of the entire education system", - "572926086aef051400154ac3": "8\u20134\u20134 system", - "572926086aef051400154ac4": "7\u20134\u20132\u20133 system be changed to an 8\u20134\u20134 system", + "572926086aef051400154ac3": "8\u20134\u20134", + "572926086aef051400154ac4": "8\u20134\u20134", "572926086aef051400154ac5": "1992", "572926653f37b31900478079": "January 1985", "572926653f37b3190047807a": "vocational subjects", "572926653f37b3190047807b": "vocational subjects", - "572926653f37b3190047807c": "2003", + "572926653f37b3190047807c": "January 2003", "572926653f37b3190047807d": "70%.", "572926d23f37b31900478083": "six years", "572926d23f37b31900478084": "12 years", - "572926d23f37b31900478085": "a further one to two years of training, or join the university \u2013 usually in the second or third year of their respective course.", - "572926d23f37b31900478086": "study", + "572926d23f37b31900478085": "vocational youth/village polytechnic or make their own arrangements for an apprenticeship program and learn a trade", + "572926d23f37b31900478086": "study for three years", "5729276c1d046914007790d7": "85%", "5729276c1d046914007790d8": "three to five", - "5729276c1d046914007790d9": "admission to Standard One (First Grade", - "5729276c1d046914007790da": "those", - "5729276c1d046914007790db": "Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education", + "5729276c1d046914007790d9": "Standard One (First Grade", + "5729276c1d046914007790da": "those who proceed to secondary school or vocational training", + "5729276c1d046914007790db": "Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE", "572927d06aef051400154ade": "Kenya National Library Service", - "572927d06aef051400154adf": "curriculum led learning", + "572927d06aef051400154adf": "National and Public Library Services", "572927d06aef051400154ae0": "a peoples university", - "572927d06aef051400154ae1": "since it is open to all irrespective of age, literacy level and has materials relevant to people of all walks of life.", - "5729281baf94a219006aa11f": "several", - "5729281baf94a219006aa120": "dominance in middle-distance and long-distance athletics", - "5729281baf94a219006aa121": "Kenyan", + "572927d06aef051400154ae1": "since it is open to all", + "5729281baf94a219006aa11f": "several sports", + "5729281baf94a219006aa120": "middle-distance and long-distance athletics", + "5729281baf94a219006aa121": "Kenyan athletes", "5729281baf94a219006aa122": "Morocco and Ethiopia", "572928bf6aef051400154af0": "six", "572928bf6aef051400154af1": "several medals", - "572928bf6aef051400154af2": "the IAAF Golden League jackpot", - "572928bf6aef051400154af3": "the 1970s and was followed by Commonwealth Champion Henry Rono's spectacular string of world record performances. Lately", + "572928bf6aef051400154af2": "Golden League jackpot", + "572928bf6aef051400154af3": "Lately", "572928bf6aef051400154af4": "economic or financial factors", "5729293d3f37b3190047809f": "volleyball", "5729293d3f37b319004780a0": "Cricket", "5729293d3f37b319004780a1": "2003", "5729293d3f37b319004780a2": "Rakep Patel", "5729293d3f37b319004780a3": "March 2007", - "57292994af94a219006aa131": "the world famous Safari Rally", + "57292994af94a219006aa131": "Safari Rally", "57292994af94a219006aa132": "world famous Safari Rally", - "57292994af94a219006aa133": "the world", + "57292994af94a219006aa133": "Bj\u00f6rn Waldeg\u00e5rd, Hannu Mikkola, Tommi M\u00e4kinen, Shekhar Mehta", "572929d56aef051400154b0a": "three", "572929d56aef051400154b0b": "10 o'clock", "572929d56aef051400154b0c": "tea or porridge", "572929d56aef051400154b0d": "Ugali", - "57293b843f37b31900478133": "United Nations", - "57293b843f37b31900478134": "two United Nations organizations, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme", + "57293b843f37b31900478133": "World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme", + "57293b843f37b31900478134": "World Meteorological Organization", "57293b843f37b31900478135": "greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere", "57293b843f37b31900478136": "UNFCCC", "57293b843f37b31900478137": "43/53", "57293bc91d0469140077919b": "Hoesung Lee", "57293bc91d0469140077919c": "Korean economist", "57293bc91d0469140077919d": "Ismail El Gizouli", - "57293bc91d0469140077919e": "Rajendra K. Pachauri", + "57293bc91d0469140077919e": "Bert Bolin", "57293bc91d0469140077919f": "February 2015", "57293c246aef051400154bb8": "governments and organizations", "57293c246aef051400154bb9": "350", - "57293c246aef051400154bba": "350", + "57293c246aef051400154bba": "350 government officials and climate change experts", "57293c246aef051400154bbb": "seven-eighths", "57293ca73f37b3190047815b": "1989", - "57293ca73f37b3190047815c": "the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization", + "57293ca73f37b3190047815c": "United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization", "57293ca73f37b3190047815e": "UNEP", - "57293ca73f37b3190047815f": "Financial Regulations and Rules", - "57293ca73f37b3190047815d": "the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization", + "57293ca73f37b3190047815f": "Financial Regulations and Rules of the WMO", + "57293ca73f37b3190047815d": "UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Costs of the Secretary and of housing the secretariat are provided by the WMO", "57293d116aef051400154bc8": "carry out research", "57293d116aef051400154bc9": "published sources", - "57293d116aef051400154bca": "non-peer-reviewed sources (the \"grey literature", + "57293d116aef051400154bca": "non-peer-reviewed sources (the \"grey literature\"), provided that they are of sufficient quality", "57293d116aef051400154bcb": "grey literature", - "57293d6d1d046914007791b7": "ten to fifteen", + "57293d6d1d046914007791b7": "two", "57293d6d1d046914007791b8": "ten to fifteen", "57293d6d1d046914007791b9": "somewhat larger number of \"contributing authors", "57293d6d1d046914007791ba": "The coordinating lead authors", "57293d6d1d046914007791bb": "Working Group chairs", "57293e221d046914007791d5": "substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations", - "57293e221d046914007791d6": "an additional warming", + "57293e221d046914007791d6": "additional warming", "57293e221d046914007791d7": "over half", "57293e221d046914007791d8": "business as usual", "57293e221d046914007791d9": "0.3 to 0.6 \u00b0C", "57293e983f37b3190047818b": "2001", - "57293e983f37b3190047818c": "16", + "57293e983f37b3190047818c": "16 national science academies", "57293e983f37b3190047818d": "Science", "57293e983f37b3190047818e": "90", "57293e983f37b3190047818f": "5.8 \u00b0C", "57293f353f37b3190047819b": "Richard Lindzen", - "57293f353f37b3190047819c": "does not faithfully summarize", + "57293f353f37b3190047819c": "understates the uncertainty associated with climate models", "57293f353f37b3190047819d": "John Houghton", "57293f353f37b3190047819e": "co-chair", "57293f353f37b3190047819f": "scientific evidence", "57293f8a6aef051400154bde": "The preparation and approval process for all IPCC Special Reports follows the same procedures", "57293f8a6aef051400154bdf": "2011", "57293f8a6aef051400154be0": "2011", - "57293f8a6aef051400154be1": "requested by governments", - "572940246aef051400154bec": "National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme", + "57293f8a6aef051400154be1": "governments", + "572940246aef051400154bec": "the Data Distribution Centre and the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme", "572940246aef051400154bed": "default emission factors", - "572940246aef051400154bee": "fuel consumption", + "572940246aef051400154bee": "fuel consumption, industrial production", "572940246aef051400154bef": "WMO Executive Council", - "572940973f37b319004781a5": "the date", - "572940973f37b319004781a6": "date", + "572940973f37b319004781a5": "date", + "572940973f37b319004781a6": "poor application of well-established IPCC procedures", "572940973f37b319004781a7": "WWF report", - "572940973f37b319004781a8": "WWF", - "572941273f37b319004781ad": "chairman", - "572941273f37b319004781ae": "making it seem like climate change is more serious by overstating the impact. That is worrying.", - "572941273f37b319004781af": "chair", + "572940973f37b319004781a8": "WWF report", + "572941273f37b319004781ad": "Former IPCC chairman", + "572941273f37b319004781ae": "making it seem like climate change is more serious by overstating the impact", + "572941273f37b319004781af": "co-chair of the IPCC working group II", "572941273f37b319004781b0": "Himalayan glaciers", - "572941273f37b319004781b1": "substance", - "57294209af94a219006aa201": "1999", + "572941273f37b319004781b1": "generally unfounded", + "57294209af94a219006aa201": "1999 paper by Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes (MBH99", "57294209af94a219006aa202": "Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes", "57294209af94a219006aa203": "hockey stick graph", - "57294209af94a219006aa204": "the past 1000 years, and higher temperatures during the Medieval Warm Period than the mid 20th century.", + "57294209af94a219006aa204": "Jones et al. 1998", "57294279af94a219006aa209": "1000 and 1900", "57294279af94a219006aa20a": "Fred Singer", "57294279af94a219006aa20b": "Capitol Hill", "57294279af94a219006aa20c": "18 July 2000", - "57294279af94a219006aa20d": "United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation", + "57294279af94a219006aa20d": "United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation hearing", "572943ab1d04691400779219": "Rep. Joe Barton", "572943ab1d0469140077921a": "Ed Whitfield", "572943ab1d0469140077921b": "23 June 2005", "572943ab1d0469140077921c": "Sherwood Boehlert", "572943ab1d0469140077921d": "Sherwood Boehlert", - "572944e03f37b319004781e2": "2001", + "572944e03f37b319004781e2": "2007", "572944e03f37b319004781e1": "2007", "572944e03f37b319004781e4": "Ten", - "572944e03f37b319004781e5": "divergence", - "572944e03f37b319004781e3": "12", + "572944e03f37b319004781e5": "divergence problem", + "572944e03f37b319004781e3": "Ten of these 14 reconstructions covered 1,000 years or longer", "572945b11d0469140077922f": "1 February 2007", - "572945b11d04691400779230": "the publication of IPCC's major report on climate, a study was published suggesting that temperatures and sea levels have been rising at or above the maximum rates", - "572945b11d04691400779231": "maximum rates", - "572945b11d04691400779232": "maximum rates", - "572949306aef051400154c68": "sea levels", + "572945b11d04691400779230": "observations", + "572945b11d04691400779231": "observations", + "572945b11d04691400779232": "above the top of the range of the IPCC projection", + "572949306aef051400154c68": "dangers and risks", "572949306aef051400154c69": "9\u201388 cm", "572949306aef051400154c6a": "0.5\u20131.4 m", "572949306aef051400154c6b": "2001", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26b": "coordinating lead author", - "57294baaaf94a219006aa26c": "Science Magazine", + "57294baaaf94a219006aa26c": "Michael Oppenheimer", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26d": "IPCC consensus", - "57294e6b1d04691400779275": "the Montreal Protocol", - "57294e6b1d04691400779276": "climate change", - "57294e6b1d04691400779277": "states and governments", + "57294e6b1d04691400779275": "Montreal Protocol", + "57294e6b1d04691400779276": "Climate Change, the Kyoto Protocol failed", + "57294e6b1d04691400779277": "states and governments still follow different, if not opposing goals", "5729506d6aef051400154cac": "Sheldon Ungar", - "5729506d6aef051400154cad": "the failure of the Kyoto Protocol, varying regional cost-benefit analysis and burden-sharing conflicts", + "5729506d6aef051400154cad": "varying regional cost-benefit analysis and burden-sharing conflicts with regard to the distribution of emission reductions remain an unsolved problem", "5729506d6aef051400154cae": "regional burden sharing conflicts", "5729506d6aef051400154caf": "UK government", - "5729517d6aef051400154cc8": "scientific papers", + "5729517d6aef051400154cc8": "other scientific bodies", "5729517d6aef051400154cc9": "any significant new evidence or events that change our understanding of climate science", - "5729517d6aef051400154cca": "the IPCC", + "5729517d6aef051400154cca": "science", "572951f16aef051400154cce": "five", - "572951f16aef051400154ccf": "the journal Nature", - "572951f16aef051400154cd0": "-time staff and remove government oversight from its processes to avoid political interference.", - "572951f16aef051400154cd1": "remove government oversight", + "572951f16aef051400154ccf": "Nature", + "572951f16aef051400154cd0": ", or even turning the whole climate science assessment process into a moderated \"living\"", + "572951f16aef051400154cd1": "government oversight from its processes to avoid political interference", "572953013f37b3190047824d": "photosynthesis", "572953013f37b3190047824e": "energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH", - "572953013f37b3190047824f": "energy-storage molecules ATP", - "572953013f37b31900478250": "the Calvin cycle", + "572953013f37b3190047824f": "ATP", + "572953013f37b31900478250": "Calvin cycle", "572953013f37b31900478251": "1", "5729544c3f37b31900478257": "pinch in two", - "5729544c3f37b31900478258": "light color and intensity", - "5729544c3f37b31900478259": "contain their own DNA", + "5729544c3f37b31900478258": "environmental factors like light color", + "5729544c3f37b31900478259": "DNA", "5729544c3f37b3190047825a": "cyanobacterium", - "5729544c3f37b3190047825b": "during cell division", + "5729544c3f37b3190047825b": "each daughter cell", "572956c86aef051400154d1a": "plants and algae", - "572956c86aef051400154d1b": "Russian", + "572956c86aef051400154d1b": "Russian biologist", "572956c86aef051400154d1c": "Russian biologist", "572956c86aef051400154d1d": "1905", "572956c86aef051400154d1e": "Andreas Schimper", "572957361d046914007792cf": "Cyanobacteria", - "572957361d046914007792d0": "bacteria", - "572957361d046914007792d2": "gram-negative, meaning that they have two cell membranes", + "572957361d046914007792d0": "chloroplasts", + "572957361d046914007792d2": "two cell membranes", "572957361d046914007792d3": "peptidoglycan", "572957361d046914007792d1": "blue-green algae", "572957ad1d046914007792d9": "eukaryotic", "572957ad1d046914007792da": "a billion years ago", "572957ad1d046914007792db": "lipid-bilayer membranes", - "572957ad1d046914007792dc": "phagosomal membrane", - "572957ad1d046914007792dd": "time", - "5729582b1d046914007792e3": "almost the same thing as chloroplast", + "572957ad1d046914007792dc": "phagosomal", + "572957ad1d046914007792dd": "many of its genes", + "5729582b1d046914007792e3": "chloroplast", "5729582b1d046914007792e4": "three", - "5729582b1d046914007792e5": "red algal chloroplast lineage", + "5729582b1d046914007792e5": "red algal", "5729582b1d046914007792e6": "chloroplastidan, or green chloroplast lineage", - "5729582b1d046914007792e7": "green chloroplast lineage", + "5729582b1d046914007792e7": "green chloroplast lineage is the one that contains the land plants", "572958cc6aef051400154d2a": "glaucophyte", - "572958cc6aef051400154d2b": "glaucophyte", - "572958cc6aef051400154d2c": "muroplasts", - "572958cc6aef051400154d2d": "a carboxysome", - "572958cc6aef051400154d2e": "carboxysome", - "57295a116aef051400154d44": "photosynthetic", + "572958cc6aef051400154d2b": "alga", + "572958cc6aef051400154d2c": "peptidoglycan wall", + "572958cc6aef051400154d2d": "carboxysome", + "572958cc6aef051400154d2e": "icosahedral structure that glaucophyte chloroplasts and cyanobacteria keep their carbon fixation enzyme rubisco", + "57295a116aef051400154d44": "phycobilin", "57295a116aef051400154d45": "phycobilisomes", - "57295a116aef051400154d46": "the phycobilin phycoerytherin is responsible for giving many red algae their distinctive red color", - "57295a116aef051400154d47": "catch more sunlight", - "57295a116aef051400154d48": "starch", - "57295b5b1d04691400779315": "glaucophyte and red algal chloroplasts", + "57295a116aef051400154d46": "many red algae their distinctive red color", + "57295a116aef051400154d47": "more sunlight in deep water", + "57295a116aef051400154d48": "synthesize a form of starch", + "57295b5b1d04691400779315": "glaucophyte and red algal chloroplasts in that they have lost their phycobilisomes", "57295b5b1d04691400779316": "accessory pigments", - "57295b5b1d04691400779317": "peptidoglycan", + "57295b5b1d04691400779317": "peptidoglycan wall between their double membrane", "57295b5b1d04691400779318": "chloroplast division", "57295b5b1d04691400779319": "chlorophyll b", - "572961f61d04691400779359": "double membrane", - "572961f61d0469140077935a": "additional membranes", - "572961f61d0469140077935b": "the secondary endosymbiotic event", - "572961f61d0469140077935c": "membranes", + "572961f61d04691400779359": "double", + "572961f61d0469140077935a": "additional membranes outside of the original two", + "572961f61d0469140077935b": "secondary endosymbiotic event", + "572961f61d0469140077935c": "outside of the original two", "572961f61d0469140077935d": "chloroplast", - "572962953f37b319004782f5": "derived from a green alga", - "572962953f37b319004782f6": "common flagellated protists", - "572962953f37b319004782f7": "stacked in groups of three", + "572962953f37b319004782f5": "green alga", + "572962953f37b319004782f6": "common flagellated", + "572962953f37b319004782f7": "groups of three", "572962953f37b319004782f8": "Starch", - "572962953f37b319004782f9": "the primary endosymbiont", + "572962953f37b319004782f9": "cyanobacterial membranes, and the secondary host's phagosomal membrane", "572963221d04691400779385": "cryptomonads", "572963221d04691400779386": "red-algal derived chloroplast", "572963221d04691400779387": "nucleomorph", - "572963221d04691400779388": "periplastid space", + "572963221d04691400779388": "periplastid space\u2014outside the original double membrane, in the place that corresponds to the red alga's cytoplasm", "572963221d04691400779389": "stacks of two", - "572963876aef051400154dd2": "the helicosproidia", + "572963876aef051400154dd2": "Plasmodium, the malaria parasite", "572963876aef051400154dd3": "chromalveolates", - "572963876aef051400154dd4": "the malaria parasite", - "572963876aef051400154dd5": "vestigial red algal derived chloroplast called an apicoplast", - "572963876aef051400154dd6": "cytoplasm", + "572963876aef051400154dd4": "malaria parasite", + "572963876aef051400154dd5": "Many apicomplexans keep a vestigial red algal derived chloroplast called an apicoplast", + "572963876aef051400154dd6": "amylopectin starch granules that are located in their cytoplasm", "5729645b3f37b31900478321": "fatty acids", "5729645b3f37b31900478322": "apicomplexan-related diseases", "5729645b3f37b31900478323": "isopentenyl pyrophosphate synthesis", "5729645b3f37b31900478324": "photosynthetic function", "5729645b3f37b31900478325": "four", - "572965566aef051400154e00": "peridinin", - "572965566aef051400154e01": "peridinin-type chloroplast, characterized by the carotenoid pigment peridinin in their chloroplasts", + "572965566aef051400154e00": "carotenoid pigment peridinin", + "572965566aef051400154e01": "any other group of chloroplasts", "572965566aef051400154e02": "triplet-stacked", "572965566aef051400154e03": "the red algal endosymbiont's original cell membrane", - "572965e73f37b3190047832b": "dinophyte", - "572965e73f37b3190047832c": "dinophyte", + "572965e73f37b3190047832b": "fucoxanthin dinophyte", + "572965e73f37b3190047832c": "fucoxanthin dinophyte lineages", "572965e73f37b3190047832d": "four", - "572965e73f37b3190047832e": "six membraned chloroplast", - "572966626aef051400154e13": "a cryptophyte", + "572965e73f37b3190047832e": "four membranes", + "572966626aef051400154e13": "cryptophyte", "572966626aef051400154e14": "nucleomorph and outermost two membranes", - "572966626aef051400154e12": "phycobilin-containing chloroplast", + "572966626aef051400154e12": "phycobilin-containing chloroplast taken from a cryptophyte", "572966626aef051400154e15": "two-membraned chloroplast", "572966ebaf94a219006aa391": "heterokontophyte) derived chloroplast", - "572966ebaf94a219006aa392": "diatom (heterokontophyte) derived chloroplast", - "572966ebaf94a219006aa393": "up to five", + "572966ebaf94a219006aa392": "diatom", + "572966ebaf94a219006aa393": "five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa394": "five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa395": "cytoplasm", - "572967e31d046914007793b1": "the dinophyte nucleus", - "572967e31d046914007793b2": "Lepidodinium viride and its close relatives are dinophytes", - "572967e31d046914007793b3": "chloroplast", + "572967e31d046914007793b1": "dinophyte nucleus", + "572967e31d046914007793b2": "Lepidodinium", + "572967e31d046914007793b3": "peridinin chloroplast", "572967e31d046914007793b4": "green algal derived chloroplast (more specifically, a prasinophyte", "572967e31d046914007793b5": "a prasinophyte", "5729686d1d046914007793c1": "endosymbiotic events", - "5729686d1d046914007793c2": "exception that acquired a photosynthetic cyanobacterial endosymbiont more recently", + "5729686d1d046914007793c2": "a photosynthetic cyanobacterial endosymbiont more recently", "5729686d1d046914007793c3": "about a million", "5729686d1d046914007793c4": "around 850", - "5729686d1d046914007793c5": "three million", - "572968cf1d046914007793cb": "ctDNA, or cpDNA", - "572968cf1d046914007793cc": "Chloroplasts have their own DNA", + "5729686d1d046914007793c5": "about a million", + "572968cf1d046914007793cb": "ctDNA", + "572968cf1d046914007793cc": "ctDNA, or cpDNA", "572968cf1d046914007793cd": "1962", "572968cf1d046914007793ce": "1986", - "572968cf1d046914007793cf": "two Japanese research teams", - "57296977af94a219006aa3bd": "The inverted repeat regions are highly conserved among land plants", + "572968cf1d046914007793cf": "1986", + "57296977af94a219006aa3bd": "land plants", "57296977af94a219006aa3be": "direct repeats", "57296977af94a219006aa3bf": "stabilize", "572969f51d046914007793dd": "electron microscopy", "572969f51d046914007793de": "two", - "572969f51d046914007793e0": "theta intermediary form, also known as a Cairns replication intermediate", + "572969f51d046914007793e0": "theta intermediary form", "572969f51d046914007793df": "double displacement loop", "572969f51d046914007793e1": "rolling circle", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c3": "A \u2192 G deamination", @@ -8804,204 +8804,204 @@ "57296ab93f37b3190047836a": "linear", "57296ab93f37b3190047836b": "linear", "57296ab93f37b3190047836c": "D-loop", - "57296b151d046914007793f1": "Endosymbiotic gene transfer", + "57296b151d046914007793f1": "the genes it donated to the former host's nucleus", "57296b151d046914007793f2": "the lost chloroplast's existence", - "57296b151d046914007793f3": "red algal derived chloroplast", - "57296b151d046914007793f4": "red algal derived chloroplast", + "57296b151d046914007793f3": "red algal derived", + "57296b151d046914007793f4": "red algal derived", "57296bf96aef051400154e52": "nonfunctional pseudogenes", "57296bf96aef051400154e53": "around half", - "57296bf96aef051400154e54": "exaptations, taking on new functions", + "57296bf96aef051400154e54": "exaptations, taking on new functions like participating in cell division, protein routing, and even disease resistance", "57296bf96aef051400154e55": "the cell membrane", "57296c5c3f37b3190047837f": "ribosome", - "57296c5c3f37b31900478380": "the cytosol", - "57296c5c3f37b31900478381": "helps", + "57296c5c3f37b31900478380": "cytosol", + "57296c5c3f37b31900478381": "helps many proteins bind the polypeptide, keeping it from folding prematurely", "57296c5c3f37b31900478382": "keeping it from folding prematurely", "57296cb21d04691400779403": "lens-shaped", - "57296cb21d04691400779404": "5\u20138 \u03bcm in diameter", + "57296cb21d04691400779404": "5\u20138 \u03bcm", "57296cb21d04691400779405": "1\u20133 \u03bcm", "57296cb21d04691400779406": "a net", - "57296cb21d04691400779407": "a cup", - "57296d1b1d0469140077940d": "the outer and inner chloroplast membranes", - "57296d1b1d0469140077940e": "misconceptions", + "57296cb21d04691400779407": "cup", + "57296d1b1d0469140077940d": "a double membrane", + "57296d1b1d0469140077940e": "common misconceptions", "57296d1b1d0469140077940f": "homologous", - "57296d8d1d0469140077941d": "the mitochondrial double membrane", + "57296d8d1d0469140077941d": "mitochondrial double membrane", "57296d8d1d0469140077941e": "proton pumps", - "57296d8d1d0469140077941f": "generate ATP energy", - "57296d8d1d04691400779420": "the internal thylakoid system", - "57296d8d1d04691400779421": "The chloroplast double membrane", - "57296de03f37b3190047839b": "Stromules are very rare in chloroplasts, and are much more common in other plastids like chromoplasts", - "57296de03f37b3190047839c": "a stromule, or stroma-containing tubule", + "57296d8d1d0469140077941f": "ATP energy", + "57296d8d1d04691400779420": "internal thylakoid system", + "57296d8d1d04691400779421": "the internal thylakoid system", + "57296de03f37b3190047839b": "chromoplasts and amyloplasts in petals and roots", + "57296de03f37b3190047839c": "The chloroplast membranes sometimes protrude out into the cytoplasm, forming a stromule, or stroma-containing tubule", "57296de03f37b3190047839d": "to increase the chloroplast's surface area for cross-membrane transport", "57296de03f37b3190047839e": "1962", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e5": "C4 plants", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e6": "C4 plants", - "57296e43af94a219006aa3e7": "The chloroplast peripheral reticulum consists of a maze", - "57296e43af94a219006aa3e8": "to increase the chloroplast's surface area for cross-membrane transport", + "57296e43af94a219006aa3e7": "The chloroplast peripheral reticulum", + "57296e43af94a219006aa3e8": "increase the chloroplast's surface area for cross-membrane transport", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e9": "intermembrane space", "57296eb01d04691400779435": "synthesize a small fraction of their proteins", - "57296eb01d04691400779436": "about two-thirds the size", - "57296eb01d04691400779437": "25 nm", - "57296eb01d04691400779438": "lack motifs", - "57296eb01d04691400779439": "essential for translation initiation", + "57296eb01d04691400779436": "two-thirds", + "57296eb01d04691400779437": "two-thirds the size of cytoplasmic ribosomes (around 17 nm vs 25 nm", + "57296eb01d04691400779438": "Small subunit ribosomal RNAs in several Chlorophyta and euglenid chloroplasts lack motifs", + "57296eb01d04691400779439": "translation initiation", "57296eee6aef051400154e8e": "plastoglobulus", - "57296eee6aef051400154e8f": "spherical", + "57296eee6aef051400154e8f": "spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins about 45\u201360 nanometers across", "57296eee6aef051400154e90": "lipids and proteins", "57296eee6aef051400154e91": "45\u201360 nanometers across", "57296eee6aef051400154e92": "lipid monolayer", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fb": "a thylakoid", - "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fc": "the thylakoid network", + "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fc": "thylakoid network", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fd": "singularly", - "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fe": "old or stressed chloroplasts", - "57296f85af94a219006aa403": "The chloroplasts", + "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fe": "old or stressed chloroplasts, plastoglobuli tend to occur in linked groups or chains", + "57296f85af94a219006aa403": "chloroplasts of some hornworts and algae contain structures called pyrenoids. They are not found in higher plants", "57296f85af94a219006aa404": "roughly spherical", - "57296f85af94a219006aa405": "roughly spherical", - "57296f85af94a219006aa406": "electrons", - "57296f85af94a219006aa407": "de novo", - "57296fd71d0469140077943f": "helical thylakoid", - "57296fd71d04691400779440": "resemble pancakes", + "57296f85af94a219006aa405": "roughly spherical and highly refractive bodies", + "57296f85af94a219006aa406": "highly refractive bodies", + "57296f85af94a219006aa407": "divide to form new pyrenoids, or be produced \"de novo\".", + "57296fd71d0469140077943f": "helical thylakoid model", + "57296fd71d04691400779440": "pancakes", "57296fd71d04691400779441": "two to a hundred", "57296fd71d04691400779442": "10\u201320", - "57296fd71d04691400779443": "frets or lamellar thylakoids", + "57296fd71d04691400779443": "lamellar thylakoids", "5729703d3f37b319004783bb": "light energy", "5729703d3f37b319004783bc": "light energy", "5729703d3f37b319004783bd": "energize electrons", - "5729703d3f37b319004783be": "hydrogen ions", + "5729703d3f37b319004783be": "Molecules", "5729703d3f37b319004783bf": "a dam turbine", "572970916aef051400154eba": "two", - "572970916aef051400154ebb": "pancake-shaped circular disks", + "572970916aef051400154ebb": "photosystem II protein complex", "572970916aef051400154ebc": "helicoid sheets", "572970916aef051400154ebe": "pancake-shaped circular disks", "572970916aef051400154ebd": "300\u2013600 nanometers in diameter", - "57297103af94a219006aa423": "thirty", + "57297103af94a219006aa423": "about thirty", "57297103af94a219006aa424": "help transfer and dissipate excess energy", - "57297103af94a219006aa425": "their bright colors sometimes override the chlorophyll green", + "57297103af94a219006aa425": "chlorophyll green", "57297103af94a219006aa426": "bright red-orange", "57297103af94a219006aa427": "zeaxanthin", - "5729714daf94a219006aa42d": "pigments", + "5729714daf94a219006aa42d": "Phycobilins come in all colors", "5729714daf94a219006aa42e": "red", "5729714daf94a219006aa42f": "red algae red", - "5729714daf94a219006aa430": "phycobilisomes", + "5729714daf94a219006aa430": "protein complexes about 40 nanometers across called phycobilisomes", "5729714daf94a219006aa431": "40 nanometers across", "572971af6aef051400154ede": "rubisco", - "572971af6aef051400154edf": "has trouble distinguishing between carbon dioxide and oxygen", - "572971af6aef051400154ee0": "the end result of ATP energy being wasted and CO2 being released, all with no sugar being produced. This is a big problem", - "572971af6aef051400154ee1": "the Calvin cycle", + "572971af6aef051400154edf": "oxygen", + "572971af6aef051400154ee0": "oxygen", + "572971af6aef051400154ee1": "Calvin cycle", "572971af6aef051400154ee2": "ATP energy", "5729723c6aef051400154ee8": "photosynthesis", "5729723c6aef051400154ee9": "rubisco", "5729723c6aef051400154eea": "thylakoids", - "5729723c6aef051400154eeb": "a four-carbon compound", + "5729723c6aef051400154eeb": "four-carbon compound", "5729723c6aef051400154eec": "photosynthesis", "5729729a1d0469140077948b": "All green", - "5729729a1d0469140077948c": "the chloroplasts", + "5729729a1d0469140077948c": "chlorophyll", "5729729a1d0469140077948d": "parenchyma cells", "5729729a1d0469140077948e": "collenchyma tissue", "5729729a1d0469140077948f": "A plant cell which contains chloroplasts is known as a chlorenchyma cell", "572972f46aef051400154ef2": "the stems", - "572972f46aef051400154ef3": "the leaves", - "572972f46aef051400154ef6": "around 8\u201315", + "572972f46aef051400154ef3": "leaves", + "572972f46aef051400154ef6": "8\u201315", "572972f46aef051400154ef4": "half a million", "572972f46aef051400154ef5": "mesophyll", - "5729735c3f37b319004783fb": "low-light conditions", - "5729735c3f37b319004783fc": "Under intense light", + "5729735c3f37b319004783fb": "low-light conditions, they will spread out in a sheet", + "5729735c3f37b319004783fc": "intense light", "5729735c3f37b319004783fd": "photooxidative damage", - "5729735c3f37b319004783fe": "evolved", + "5729735c3f37b319004783fe": "many small chloroplasts", "5729735c3f37b319004783ff": "Mitochondria", "572973ccaf94a219006aa449": "two", - "572973ccaf94a219006aa44a": "hypersensitive response", - "572973ccaf94a219006aa44b": "systemic acquired resistance", - "572973ccaf94a219006aa44c": "both responses", + "572973ccaf94a219006aa44a": "seal themselves off and undergo programmed cell death", + "572973ccaf94a219006aa44b": "systemic acquired resistance, where infected cells", + "572973ccaf94a219006aa44c": "purposely damaging their photosynthetic system", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44d": "reactive oxygen species", "57297427af94a219006aa453": "reactive oxygen species", - "57297427af94a219006aa454": "After detecting stress", - "57297427af94a219006aa455": "pass on their signal to an unknown second messenger molecule", - "57297427af94a219006aa456": "retrograde signaling", + "57297427af94a219006aa454": "After detecting stress in a cell, which might be due to a pathogen", + "57297427af94a219006aa455": "an unknown second messenger molecule", + "57297427af94a219006aa456": "gene expression in the nucleus", "572974923f37b3190047840b": "photosynthesis", "572974923f37b3190047840c": "photosynthesis", "572974923f37b3190047840d": "sugars", - "572974923f37b3190047840e": "Water (H2O) and carbon dioxide", - "572974923f37b3190047840f": "chemical energy", + "572974923f37b3190047840e": "Water (H2O", + "572974923f37b3190047840f": "Water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are used in photosynthesis, and sugar and oxygen (O2", "572975073f37b31900478415": "use the potential energy stored in an H+, or hydrogen ion gradient to generate ATP energy", "572975073f37b31900478416": "thylakoid space", - "572975073f37b31900478417": "a concentration gradient", + "572975073f37b31900478417": "more hydrogen ions (up to a thousand times as many", "572975073f37b31900478418": "adenosine diphosphate", "572975073f37b31900478419": "ATP energy", "572975511d046914007794a7": "NADP+,", "572975511d046914007794a8": "cyclic photophosphorylation", "572975511d046914007794a9": "C4 plants", - "572975511d046914007794aa": "more ATP", - "572975a3af94a219006aa465": "The Calvin cycle", - "572975a3af94a219006aa466": "six-carbon molecules", - "572975a3af94a219006aa467": "three-carbon molecules called 3-phosphoglyceric acid", + "572975511d046914007794aa": "ATP", + "572975a3af94a219006aa465": "Calvin cycle", + "572975a3af94a219006aa466": "unstable six-carbon molecules that immediately break down into three-carbon molecules called 3-phosphoglyceric acid", + "572975a3af94a219006aa467": "3-phosphoglyceric acid", "572975a3af94a219006aa468": "one out of every six", - "572976183f37b31900478431": "can be linked together to make starch", + "572976183f37b31900478431": "glucose monomers in the chloroplast can be linked together", "572976183f37b31900478432": "high atmospheric CO2 concentrations", "572976183f37b31900478433": "distorting", - "572976183f37b31900478434": "Waterlogged roots", - "572976183f37b31900478435": "photosynthesis", - "572976791d046914007794af": "add O2 instead of CO2 to RuBP. This process", - "572976791d046914007794b0": "when the oxygen concentration is too high", - "572976791d046914007794b1": "This process reduces the efficiency of photosynthesis", + "572976183f37b31900478434": "Waterlogged", + "572976183f37b31900478435": "photosynthesis-depressing factor", + "572976791d046914007794af": "O2 instead of CO2 to RuBP", + "572976791d046914007794b0": "too high", + "572976791d046914007794b1": "RuBP", "572976791d046914007794b2": "up to half", "572976791d046914007794b3": "a distinct chloroplast dimorphism", - "572976cfaf94a219006aa493": "their stroma", + "572976cfaf94a219006aa493": "stroma", "572976cfaf94a219006aa494": "cysteine and methionine", - "572976cfaf94a219006aa495": "trouble crossing membranes", - "572976cfaf94a219006aa496": "whether", - "57297725af94a219006aa49b": "Chloroplasts", - "57297725af94a219006aa49c": "proplastids", + "572976cfaf94a219006aa495": "sulfur-containing ones like cysteine and methionine", + "572976cfaf94a219006aa496": "The chloroplast", + "57297725af94a219006aa49b": "a plastid", + "57297725af94a219006aa49c": "proplastids found in the zygote, or fertilized egg", "57297725af94a219006aa49d": "apical meristems", "57297725af94a219006aa49e": "amyloplasts", "5729779b6aef051400154f62": "chloroplast formation", - "5729779b6aef051400154f63": "angiosperm shoots are not exposed to the required light for chloroplast formation, proplastids may develop into an etioplast stage", + "5729779b6aef051400154f63": "a plastid", "5729779b6aef051400154f64": "invaginations", "5729779b6aef051400154f65": "yellow chlorophyll precursor", "5729779b6aef051400154f66": "Gymnosperms", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ad": "chromoplasts", - "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ae": "pigment", + "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ae": "pigment-filled plastids responsible for the bright colors", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4af": "chloroplasts", - "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b0": "pigment", + "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b0": "chromoplasts", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b1": "chloroplasts", "5729784b1d046914007794c9": "filaments", "5729784b1d046914007794ca": "proteins", - "5729784b1d046914007794cb": "a Z-ring", - "5729784b1d046914007794cc": "the chloroplast's stroma", - "5729784b1d046914007794cd": "The Min system", - "5729789b6aef051400154f6c": "plastid-dividing rings, or PD rings", + "5729784b1d046914007794cb": "Z-ring", + "5729784b1d046914007794cc": "stroma", + "5729784b1d046914007794cd": "Min system", + "5729789b6aef051400154f6c": "two plastid-dividing rings", "5729789b6aef051400154f6d": "two", "5729789b6aef051400154f6e": "5 nanometers across", - "5729789b6aef051400154f6f": "6.4 nanometers apart", - "5729789b6aef051400154f70": "a few species like Cyanidioschyzon merol\u00e6", + "5729789b6aef051400154f6f": "6.4", + "5729789b6aef051400154f70": "a third plastid-dividing ring located in the chloroplast's intermembrane space", "572978e66aef051400154f76": "Light", - "572978e66aef051400154f78": "bright white light", + "572978e66aef051400154f78": "bright white", "572978e66aef051400154f79": "dumbbell-shaped", - "572978e66aef051400154f77": "green light", - "57297991af94a219006aa4b7": "the coexistence of conventional and organic agriculture.", + "572978e66aef051400154f77": "bright white", + "57297991af94a219006aa4b7": "plastid transformation", "57297991af94a219006aa4b8": "environmental risks", - "57297991af94a219006aa4b9": "3", - "57297991af94a219006aa4ba": "chloroplasts", + "57297991af94a219006aa4b9": "3 in 1,000,000", + "57297991af94a219006aa4ba": "genetically modified plants", "57296d571d04691400779413": "1 and itself", - "57296d571d04691400779414": "composite number", + "57296d571d04691400779414": "a composite number", "57296d571d04691400779415": "fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57296d571d04691400779416": "primes", "57296d571d04691400779417": "1", "57296f293f37b319004783a3": "primality", "57296f293f37b319004783a4": "trial division", - "57296f293f37b319004783a5": "Miller\u2013Rabin primality test", - "57296f293f37b319004783a6": "AKS primality test", + "57296f293f37b319004783a5": "Miller\u2013Rabin", + "57296f293f37b319004783a6": "Miller\u2013Rabin", "57296f293f37b319004783a7": "22,338,618", "572970c11d04691400779463": "infinitely many", - "572970c11d04691400779464": "Euclid", - "572970c11d04691400779465": "the distribution", - "572970c11d04691400779466": "prime number theorem", - "572970c11d04691400779467": "end of the 19th century", - "5729727baf94a219006aa437": "Goldbach's conjecture", + "572970c11d04691400779464": "infinitely many primes, as demonstrated by Euclid", + "572970c11d04691400779465": "distribution", + "572970c11d04691400779466": "number of digits", + "572970c11d04691400779467": "19th century", + "5729727baf94a219006aa437": "Goldbach", "5729727baf94a219006aa438": "twin prime conjecture", "5729727baf94a219006aa439": "algebraic", "5729727baf94a219006aa43a": "public-key cryptography", - "5729727baf94a219006aa43b": "prime elements and prime ideals", + "5729727baf94a219006aa43b": "prime ideals", "572973f76aef051400154f0a": "2", - "572973f76aef051400154f0b": "three distinct divisors, namely 1, 2, and n", + "572973f76aef051400154f0b": "1, 2, and n", "572973f76aef051400154f0c": "odd prime", "572973f76aef051400154f0d": "9", "572973f76aef051400154f0e": "even numbers", @@ -9011,10 +9011,10 @@ "57297547af94a219006aa45e": "10,006,721", "57297547af94a219006aa45f": "a \"unit", "57297781af94a219006aa4a3": "Euclid's fundamental theorem of arithmetic", - "57297781af94a219006aa4a4": "1 a prime", - "57297781af94a219006aa4a6": "sum of divisors function", - "57297781af94a219006aa4a5": "sum of divisors function", - "57297781af94a219006aa4a7": "multiples of 1 (that is, all other numbers) and produce as output only the single number 1", + "57297781af94a219006aa4a4": "not work correctly", + "57297781af94a219006aa4a6": "the sum of divisors function", + "57297781af94a219006aa4a5": "the sum of divisors function", + "57297781af94a219006aa4a7": "eliminate all multiples of 1 (that is, all other numbers) and produce as output only the single number 1", "572978f91d046914007794d3": "Rhind", "572978f91d046914007794d4": "Ancient Greeks", "572978f91d046914007794d5": "Euclid's Elements", @@ -9022,338 +9022,338 @@ "572978f91d046914007794d7": "compute primes", "57297a276aef051400154f88": "1640", "57297a276aef051400154f89": "Euler", - "57297a276aef051400154f8a": "22n + 1 are prime", + "57297a276aef051400154f8a": "22n + 1", "57297a276aef051400154f8c": "2p \u2212 1", - "57297a276aef051400154f8b": "up to n = 4", + "57297a276aef051400154f8b": "n = 4", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c7": "trial division", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c8": "a complete list of primes up to is known", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c9": "1", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4cb": "three", - "57297bc9af94a219006aa4ca": "the square root of n", + "57297bc9af94a219006aa4ca": "square root of n", "57297d421d046914007794e5": "probabilistic (or \"Monte Carlo\") and deterministic algorithms", - "57297d421d046914007794e6": "Modern primality tests", - "57297d421d046914007794e7": "Modern primality tests for general numbers n can be divided into two main classes, probabilistic (or \"Monte Carlo\") and deterministic algorithms", - "57297d421d046914007794e8": "deterministic algorithm", + "57297d421d046914007794e6": "general numbers n", + "57297d421d046914007794e7": "general numbers n can be divided into two main classes, probabilistic (or \"Monte Carlo\") and deterministic algorithms", + "57297d421d046914007794e8": "deterministic", "57297d421d046914007794e9": "1/(1-p)n", - "57297ed93f37b3190047845f": "the Fermat primality test", - "57297ed93f37b31900478460": "the fact (Fermat's little theorem", + "57297ed93f37b3190047845f": "Fermat primality test", + "57297ed93f37b31900478460": "Fermat's little theorem", "57297ed93f37b31900478461": "Carmichael numbers", "57297ed93f37b31900478462": "Baillie-PSW, Miller-Rabin, and Solovay-Strassen tests", - "57297ed93f37b31900478463": "Baillie-PSW, Miller-Rabin, and Solovay-Strassen tests", - "572980f9af94a219006aa4d1": "2p + 1 with p prime", + "57297ed93f37b31900478463": "Baillie-PSW, Miller-Rabin, and Solovay-Strassen", + "572980f9af94a219006aa4d1": "2p + 1", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d2": "2p \u2212 1", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d3": "Lucas\u2013Lehmer", - "572980f9af94a219006aa4d4": "factorial primes", + "572980f9af94a219006aa4d4": "Sophie Germain primes", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d5": "Sophie Germain primes", "572982e66aef051400154f92": "distributed computing", "572982e66aef051400154f93": "2009", - "572982e66aef051400154f94": "US$100,000", - "572982e66aef051400154f95": "The Electronic Frontier Foundation", - "572982e76aef051400154f96": "[256kn + 1, 256k(n + 1) \u2212 1]", - "572985011d04691400779501": " represents the floor function", + "572982e66aef051400154f94": "US$100", + "572982e66aef051400154f95": "Electronic Frontier Foundation", + "572982e76aef051400154f96": "[256kn + 1, 256k(n + 1) \u2212 1", + "572985011d04691400779501": "floor function", "572985011d04691400779502": "Chebyshev", - "572985011d04691400779503": "n > 3", - "572985011d04691400779504": "The latter formula", + "572985011d04691400779503": "2n \u2212 2, for any natural number n > 3", + "572985011d04691400779504": "n < p < 2n \u2212 2, for any natural number n > 3", "572985011d04691400779505": "Wilson's theorem", - "572987e46aef051400154fa2": "the long run\u2014the density of all primes congruent a modulo 9 is 1/6.", + "572987e46aef051400154fa2": "can have infinitely many primes only when a and q are coprime, i.e., their greatest common divisor is one", "572987e46aef051400154fa3": "Dirichlet's theorem", "572987e46aef051400154fa4": "1/6", "572987e46aef051400154fa5": "infinitely many", "572987e46aef051400154fa6": "infinitely many", - "572989846aef051400154fc0": "zeta function", + "572989846aef051400154fc0": "zeta function is closely related to prime numbers", "572989846aef051400154fc1": "finite", "572989846aef051400154fc2": "diverges", "572989846aef051400154fc3": "any given number", - "572989846aef051400154fc4": "the richness of the zeta function and a glimpse of modern algebraic number theory is the following identity (Basel problem", + "572989846aef051400154fc4": "algebraic number theory is the following identity (Basel problem), due to Euler", "57298ef11d0469140077952d": "1859", - "57298ef11d0469140077952e": "\u22122, \u22124, ...", + "57298ef11d0469140077952e": "\u22122", "57298ef11d0469140077952f": "random noise", "57298ef11d04691400779530": "asymptotic", - "57298ef11d04691400779531": "asymptotic", - "57299021af94a219006aa50c": "Goldbach's conjecture", + "57298ef11d04691400779531": "asymptotic distribution of primes (about x/log x of numbers less than x are primes", + "57299021af94a219006aa50c": "Goldbach", "57299021af94a219006aa50b": "1912", - "57299021af94a219006aa50d": "n = 2 \u00b7 1017", - "57299021af94a219006aa50e": "Vinogradov's theorem", - "57299021af94a219006aa50f": "Chen's theorem", + "57299021af94a219006aa50d": "2 \u00b7 1017", + "57299021af94a219006aa50e": "Vinogradov", + "57299021af94a219006aa50f": "product of two primes", "572991943f37b319004784a1": "twin prime conjecture", - "572991943f37b319004784a2": "twin prime conjecture", - "572991943f37b319004784a3": "Polignac's conjecture", + "572991943f37b319004784a2": "infinitely many twin primes, pairs of primes with difference 2 (twin prime conjecture", + "572991943f37b319004784a3": "Polignac", "572991943f37b319004784a4": "n2 + 1", - "572991943f37b319004784a5": "Brocard's conjecture", + "572991943f37b319004784a5": "Brocard", "57299326af94a219006aa515": "number theory", "57299326af94a219006aa516": "G. H. Hardy", - "57299326af94a219006aa517": "the 1970s", - "57299326af94a219006aa518": "hash tables", + "57299326af94a219006aa517": "1970s", + "57299326af94a219006aa518": "the basis for the creation of public key cryptography algorithms", "57299326af94a219006aa519": "pseudorandom", "572995d46aef051400154fe8": "a recurring decimal", "572995d46aef051400154fe9": "p \u2212 1", "572995d46aef051400154fea": "(p \u2212 1)! + 1", - "572995d46aef051400154feb": "(p \u2212 1)! + 1", - "572995d46aef051400154fec": "equation", + "572995d46aef051400154feb": "(n \u2212 1)!", + "572995d46aef051400154fec": "a recurring decimal", "572996c73f37b319004784b3": "RSA", "572996c73f37b319004784b4": "RSA", "572996c73f37b319004784b5": "512-bit", "572996c73f37b319004784b6": "large prime numbers", - "572996c73f37b319004784b7": "1024-bit", + "572996c73f37b319004784b7": "1024", "572998673f37b319004784d5": "cicadas", "572998673f37b319004784d6": "grubs underground", - "572998673f37b319004784d7": "7, 13 or 17 years", - "572998673f37b319004784d8": "prime numbers", + "572998673f37b319004784d7": "17 years", + "572998673f37b319004784d8": "predators", "572998673f37b319004784d9": "2%", "57299a6f6aef051400155016": "indecomposability", - "57299a6f6aef051400155017": "smallest subfield", + "57299a6f6aef051400155017": "the smallest subfield of a field F containing both 0 and 1. It is either Q", "57299a6f6aef051400155019": "a connected sum of prime knots", - "57299a6f6aef05140015501a": "namely", - "57299a6f6aef051400155018": "prime knot is a knot that is indecomposable", + "57299a6f6aef05140015501a": "that", + "57299a6f6aef051400155018": "minimality or indecomposability", "57299c2c6aef051400155020": "R", "57299c2c6aef051400155021": "Prime numbers", - "57299c2c6aef051400155022": "prime elements and irreducible elements", - "57299c2c6aef051400155023": "satisfies the following requirement", + "57299c2c6aef051400155022": "prime elements", + "57299c2c6aef051400155023": "neither zero nor a unit (i.e., does not have a multiplicative inverse) and satisfies the following requirement", "57299c2c6aef051400155024": "not a unit", - "57299d1c1d04691400779581": "fundamental theorem of arithmetic", - "57299d1c1d04691400779582": "the Gaussian integers", - "57299d1c1d04691400779583": "the form a + bi where i denotes the imaginary unit and a and b are arbitrary integers. Its prime elements are known as Gaussian primes", + "57299d1c1d04691400779581": "The fundamental theorem of arithmetic", + "57299d1c1d04691400779582": "Gaussian integers", + "57299d1c1d04691400779583": "Z[i], that is, the set of complex numbers of the form a + bi where i denotes the imaginary unit", "57299d1c1d04691400779584": "arbitrary integers", "57299d1c1d04691400779585": "4k + 3", "57299ec43f37b3190047850d": "ring theory", "57299ec43f37b3190047850e": "Prime ideals", "57299ec43f37b3190047850f": "commutative algebra", - "57299ec43f37b31900478510": "The fundamental theorem of arithmetic", + "57299ec43f37b31900478510": "fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57299ec43f37b31900478511": "Noetherian", "5729a03f1d04691400779593": "Prime ideals", - "5729a03f1d04691400779594": "ramification of prime ideals when lifted to an extension field, a basic problem", - "5729a03f1d04691400779595": "quadratic number fields", - "5729a03f1d04691400779596": "a statement that concerns the solvability", - "5729a26d6aef05140015505a": "gets smaller", - "5729a26d6aef05140015505b": "the completed (or local) fields", - "5729a26d6aef05140015505c": "|\u2212|p", + "5729a03f1d04691400779594": "ramification", + "5729a03f1d04691400779595": "ring of integers", + "5729a03f1d04691400779596": "the solvability", + "5729a26d6aef05140015505a": "smaller", + "5729a26d6aef05140015505b": "Certain arithmetic questions related to Q or more general global fields may be transferred back and forth to the completed (or local) fields", + "5729a26d6aef05140015505c": "p-adic norm |\u2212|p", "5729a26d6aef05140015505d": "local-global", "5729a3716aef05140015506a": "Olivier Messiaen", - "5729a3716aef05140015506b": "La Nativit\u00e9 du Seigneur (1935) and Quatre \u00e9tudes de rythme", - "5729a3716aef05140015506c": "Neumes rythmiques", + "5729a3716aef05140015506b": "La Nativit\u00e9 du Seigneur (1935", + "5729a3716aef05140015506c": "La Nativit\u00e9 du Seigneur", "5729a3716aef05140015506d": "third", "5729a3716aef05140015506e": "movements of nature", - "572f5533a23a5019007fc55b": "Swiss canton of Graub\u00fcnden", + "572f5533a23a5019007fc55b": "Graub\u00fcnden", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55c": "North Sea", - "572f5533a23a5019007fc55d": "Cologne", - "572f5533a23a5019007fc55e": "the Danube", - "572f5533a23a5019007fc55f": "230 km", - "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e37": "the Swiss canton of Graub\u00fcnden", + "572f5533a23a5019007fc55d": "Cologne, Germany", + "572f5533a23a5019007fc55e": "Danube", + "572f5533a23a5019007fc55f": "1,230 km", + "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e37": "Swiss canton of Graub\u00fcnden", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3a": "North Sea", - "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3b": "230 km", - "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56b": "Gaulish name R\u0113nos", - "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56c": "Rhin", + "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3b": "1,230 km", + "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56b": "R\u0113nos", + "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56c": "R\u0113nos", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56d": "R\u012bnaz", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56e": "Roman-era geography (1st century BC", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad7": "R\u0113nos", - "572fe288a23a5019007fcad8": "Rhin", + "572fe288a23a5019007fcad8": "R\u0113nos", "572fe288a23a5019007fcada": "Rijn", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad9": "R\u012bnaz", - "572fe288a23a5019007fcadb": "ijn", - "572f567cb2c2fd140056803f": "in \"Rhine-kilometers", + "572fe288a23a5019007fcadb": "Rh-", + "572f567cb2c2fd140056803f": "\"Rhine-kilometers", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568040": "1939", - "572f567cb2c2fd1400568041": "Constance", - "572f567cb2c2fd1400568042": "Hoek van Holland (1036.20 km", + "572f567cb2c2fd1400568041": "Constance (0 km) to Hoek van Holland", + "572f567cb2c2fd1400568042": "Hoek van Holland", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568043": "canalisation projects", - "572fe393947a6a140053cdba": "length of the Rhine is conventionally measured in \"Rhine-kilometers", + "572fe393947a6a140053cdba": "\"Rhine-kilometers", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbb": "1939", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbc": "Constance", - "572fe393947a6a140053cdbe": "due to number of canalisation projects", + "572fe393947a6a140053cdbe": "canalisation projects", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbd": "Hoek van Holland", - "572f5703a23a5019007fc573": "the north", - "572f5703a23a5019007fc574": "nearly 86 km", - "572f5703a23a5019007fc575": "the Rhine Valley", - "572f5703a23a5019007fc576": "only a few metres", - "572f5703a23a5019007fc577": "Liechtenstein", + "572f5703a23a5019007fc573": "north", + "572f5703a23a5019007fc574": "86 km", + "572f5703a23a5019007fc575": "Rhine Valley", + "572f5703a23a5019007fc576": "Sargans", + "572f5703a23a5019007fc577": "Liechtenstein and later Austria to the East", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4b": "Chur", - "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4c": "nearly 86 km", + "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4c": "86 km", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4d": "599 m", - "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4e": "the Rhine Valley", + "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4e": "Rhine Valley", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4f": "Liechtenstein and later Austria to the East", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686d": "Lake Constance", - "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686e": "the Alter Rhein", - "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686f": "a modern canalized section", + "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686e": "Alter Rhein", + "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686f": "Alter Rhein (\"Old Rhine\") and in the East by a modern canalized section", "572f57c704bcaa1900d76870": "Isel", - "572f57c704bcaa1900d76871": "Isel", + "572f57c704bcaa1900d76871": "Donkey", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e55": "Lake Constance", - "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e56": "a modern canalized section", - "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e57": "the Alter Rhein", - "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e58": "an inland delta", - "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e59": "pronounced \"Isel", + "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e56": "canalized section", + "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e57": "Alter Rhein", + "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e58": "small islands", + "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e59": "Isel", "572f5875947a6a140053c89a": "Diepoldsau", "572f5875947a6a140053c89b": "Fu\u00dfach", - "572f5875947a6a140053c89c": "sedimentation", + "572f5875947a6a140053c89c": "counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation", "572f5875947a6a140053c89d": "parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake", - "572f5875947a6a140053c89e": "silt up", + "572f5875947a6a140053c89e": "silt up the lake", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e69": "Fu\u00dfach", - "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6b": "in order to", + "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6b": "in order to counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6a": "Diepoldsau", - "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6c": "The Dornbirner Ach", - "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6d": "sediment", + "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6c": "Dornbirner Ach", + "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6d": "the continuous input of sediment", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57d": "three", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc580": "lower lake", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57e": "Seerhein", - "572f58d9a23a5019007fc581": "Swiss-Austrian border", + "572f58d9a23a5019007fc581": "Swiss-Austrian", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57f": "upper lake", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858b": "three", - "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858c": "Austria", + "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858c": "Germany, Switzerland and Austria near the Alps", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858d": "Alps", - "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858e": "the Alps", + "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858e": "Germany, Switzerland and Austria near the Alps", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858f": "Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg", - "572f59b4a23a5019007fc587": "because of the greater density of cold water", + "572f59b4a23a5019007fc587": "the greater density of cold water", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58a": "Lake \u00dcberlingen", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc588": "Upper Lake", - "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58b": "northern (German) shore of the lake, off the island of Lindau", + "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58b": "Lindau", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc589": "Lindau", - "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e95": "the Constance hopper", + "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e95": "Upper Lake", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e96": "Lindau", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e97": "Lake \u00dcberlingen", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e98": "Rhine Gutter", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e99": "the water level", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5af": "westward", - "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b0": "river Aare", + "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b0": "Aare", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b1": "more than doubles", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b2": "Finsteraarhorn", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b3": "Basel", - "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde0": "generally westward", - "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde1": "river Aare", + "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde0": "westward", + "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde1": "Aare", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde2": "more than doubles", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde3": "Finsteraarhorn", - "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde4": "German-Swiss", + "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde4": "German-Swiss border", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ea": "Basel", - "572f60f4947a6a140053c8eb": "the \"Rhine knee", - "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ec": "the Central Bridge", - "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ed": "300 km", - "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ee": "40 km", + "572f60f4947a6a140053c8eb": "Rhine knee", + "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ec": "Central Bridge", + "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ed": "300", + "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ee": "40", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf2": "Basel", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf3": "Rhine knee", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf4": "North", - "572fec30947a6a140053cdf5": "the High Rhine", - "572fec30947a6a140053cdf6": "the Central Bridge", + "572fec30947a6a140053cdf5": "High Rhine", + "572fec30947a6a140053cdf6": "Central Bridge", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b7": "19th Century", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b8": "The rate of flow was increased", - "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b9": "the ground water level fell significantly", - "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680ba": "Grand Canal d'Alsace", - "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680bb": "huge", + "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b9": "The rate of flow was increased and the ground water level fell significantly", + "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680ba": "Grand Canal", + "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680bb": "large compensation pools", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5b": "Upper Rhine region", - "572feddda23a5019007fcb5c": "in the 19th Century", + "572feddda23a5019007fcb5c": "19th Century", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5d": "The rate of flow was increased", - "572feddda23a5019007fcb5e": "the ground water level fell significantly", - "572feddda23a5019007fcb5f": "the Grand Canal", - "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cc": "here", - "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cd": "more than 300", + "572feddda23a5019007fcb5e": "The rate of flow was increased and the ground water level fell significantly", + "572feddda23a5019007fcb5f": "Grand Canal", + "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cc": "Germany", + "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cd": "300", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cb": "The Rhine", - "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680ce": "the Moselle", + "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680ce": "Moselle", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cf": "400 m", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef5": "Germany", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef6": "Germany", - "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef7": "the Moselle", + "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef7": "Moselle", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef8": "Northeastern France", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef9": "2,290", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5eb": "Middle Rhine", - "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ec": "Rhine Gorge", + "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ec": "Rhine", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ed": "erosion", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ee": "the Romantic Rhine", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76eff": "Middle Rhine", - "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f00": "the Rhine Gorge", - "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f02": "castles", - "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f03": "the Romantic Rhine", + "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f00": "Rhine Gorge", + "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f02": "castles and vineyards", + "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f03": "the Rhine Gorge", "572f6c85947a6a140053c940": "industry", "572f6c85947a6a140053c942": "Duisburg", - "572f6c85947a6a140053c943": "The Ruhr", + "572f6c85947a6a140053c943": "Ruhr", "572f6c85947a6a140053c944": "drinking water", "572f6c85947a6a140053c941": "Lower Rhine", - "572ff293947a6a140053ce52": "a major source of water pollution", + "572ff293947a6a140053ce52": "water pollution", "572ff293947a6a140053ce53": "Lower Rhine", - "572ff293947a6a140053ce54": "Lower Rhine", + "572ff293947a6a140053ce54": "Switzerland", "572ff293947a6a140053ce55": "Duisburg", - "572ff293947a6a140053ce56": "The Ruhr", + "572ff293947a6a140053ce56": "Ruhr", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc621": "tourism", - "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc622": "R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein", + "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc622": "R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc623": "Lorelei", - "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc624": "the Middle Rhine Valley", + "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc624": "Middle Rhine Valley", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce66": "tourism", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce67": "UNESCO World Heritage Site", - "572ff35f947a6a140053ce68": "Koblenz", + "572ff35f947a6a140053ce68": "Koblenz is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce69": "Lorelei", - "572ff35f947a6a140053ce6a": "Sankt Goarshausen", + "572ff35f947a6a140053ce6a": "Sankt Goarshausen, the Rhine flows around the famous rock Lorelei", "572f7588947a6a140053c984": "Duisburg", - "572f7588947a6a140053c985": "the second east-west shipping route", - "572f7588947a6a140053c986": "the Lippe", + "572f7588947a6a140053c985": "the Wesel-Datteln Canal", + "572f7588947a6a140053c986": "Lippe", "572f7588947a6a140053c987": "Emmerich Rhine Bridge", - "572f7588947a6a140053c988": "400 m", - "572ff430a23a5019007fcba9": "The Lower Rhine", + "572f7588947a6a140053c988": "400", + "572ff430a23a5019007fcba9": "The Lower", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbaa": "Rhine-Ruhr region", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbab": "Duisport", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbac": "Emmerich Rhine Bridge", - "572ff430a23a5019007fcbad": "400 m", - "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568154": "the Meuse", + "572ff430a23a5019007fcbad": "400 m wide river", + "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568154": "Meuse, through the Hollands Diep and Haringvliet estuaries, into the North Sea", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568153": "Rijn", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568155": "Two thirds", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f24": "farther west", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f25": "farther west", - "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f26": "the Meuse", - "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f27": "The Oude Maas", - "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a2": "the Pannerdens Kanaal", + "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f26": "North Sea", + "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f27": "Oude Maas", + "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a2": "Nieuwe Maas and to the North Sea", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a3": "Nederrijn", - "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a4": "the Lek", - "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a5": "Wijk bij Duurstede", + "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a4": "Lek", + "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a5": "the Noord River into the Nieuwe Maas and to the North Sea", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2d": "Pannerdens Kanaal", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2e": "the IJssel and Nederrijn", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2f": "one ninth", - "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f30": "the Lek", + "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f30": "Lek", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f31": "Wijk bij Duurstede", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568657": "Rijn", - "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568658": "draining", + "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568658": "draining the surrounding land and polders", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568659": "Kromme Rijn", - "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865a": "Kromme Rijn (\"Bent Rhine", - "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865b": "latter flows west into a sluice at Katwijk, where its waters can be discharged into the North Sea. This branch", - "572ff673b2c2fd1400568669": "Rhine-Meuse Delta", + "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865a": "Kromme Rijn", + "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865b": "North Sea", + "572ff673b2c2fd1400568669": "Rhine Delta", "572ff673b2c2fd140056866a": "Millingen", - "572ff673b2c2fd140056866b": "Rhine-Meuse Delta", + "572ff673b2c2fd140056866b": "Rhine Delta", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f51": "Nederrijn", - "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f52": "three", - "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f53": "The largest and southern", + "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f52": "the IJssel", + "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f53": "Waal", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f55": "Old Meuse", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f54": "the Rip", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568681": "St. Elizabeth's flood (1421", - "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568682": "1421", - "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568683": "just south", + "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568682": "St. Elizabeth's flood (1421", + "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568683": "just south of today's line Merwede-Oude Maas to the North Sea", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568685": "1421 to 1904", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568684": "archipelago-like estuary", - "572ff890a23a5019007fcbce": "drainage channels", - "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcf": "construction of Delta Works", - "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcd": "dammed", + "572ff890a23a5019007fcbce": "drainage channels for the numerous polders", + "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcf": "Delta Works", + "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcd": "Many rivers have been closed (\"dammed", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbd0": "Delta Works", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869b": "tidal delta", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869c": "tidal currents", - "572ff935b2c2fd140056869d": "tear huge areas of land into the sea", + "572ff935b2c2fd140056869d": "huge areas of land into the sea", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869e": "Zaltbommel", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbe9": "Tethys sea", - "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbeb": "the Jurassic Period", + "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbeb": "180 MBP, in the Jurassic Period", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbec": "Mediterranean geography", - "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbea": "Triassic Period", + "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbea": "Triassic Period of the Mesozoic Era", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbed": "Iberia", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b7": "N\u2013S", - "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b8": "the Upper Rhine Graben", - "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b9": "the Miocene", - "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686ba": "the Rhone and Danube", + "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b8": "Upper Rhine Graben", + "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b9": "Miocene", + "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686ba": "Rhone and Danube", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef0": "stream capture", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef1": "Pliocene period", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef2": "the Vosges Mountains", - "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc15": "Around 2.5 million years ago (ending 11,600 years ago) was the geological period of the Ice Ages", + "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc15": "Ice Ages", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc16": "six", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc17": "120 m", - "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc18": "the northwest", + "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc18": "a course to the northwest", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc19": "Brest, France", - "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e5": "~74,000", - "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e6": "(~11,600 BP", - "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e7": "roughly west", - "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e8": "approximately 120 m", - "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e9": "sea level", + "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e5": "74,000", + "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e6": "Pleistocene (~11,600 BP", + "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e7": "roughly west through the Netherlands", + "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e8": "120 m (390 ft) lower", + "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e9": "dry land", "572fff45947a6a140053cf26": "a glacier", - "572fff45947a6a140053cf27": "A tundra", - "572fff45947a6a140053cf28": "ca. 22,000\u201314,000 yr BP", + "572fff45947a6a140053cf27": "tundra", + "572fff45947a6a140053cf28": "22,000\u201314,000 yr BP", "572fff45947a6a140053cf29": "ice-sheets", "572fff45947a6a140053cf2a": "loess", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76fef": "22,000 years ago onward", @@ -9363,39 +9363,39 @@ "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff3": "9000 BP", "573003dd947a6a140053cf42": "7500 yr ago", "573003dd947a6a140053cf43": "coastal processes", - "573003dd947a6a140053cf44": "7000 years", + "573003dd947a6a140053cf44": "last 7000 years", "573003dd947a6a140053cf45": "tectonic subsidence", - "573003dd947a6a140053cf46": "about 1\u20133 cm (0.39\u20131.18 in) per century", + "573003dd947a6a140053cf46": "1\u20133 cm (0.39\u20131.18 in) per century", "5730042804bcaa1900d77011": "11,700 years ago", - "5730042804bcaa1900d77014": "(~8,000 years ago", - "5730042804bcaa1900d77012": "its Late-Glacial valley", + "5730042804bcaa1900d77014": "8,000 years ago", + "5730042804bcaa1900d77012": "Late-Glacial valley", "5730042804bcaa1900d77013": "Netherlands", - "57300580b2c2fd140056874d": "Roman times onward", - "57300580b2c2fd140056874f": "flooding and sedimentation", + "57300580b2c2fd140056874d": "~3000 yr BP", + "57300580b2c2fd140056874f": "peat formation", "57300580b2c2fd140056874e": "sediment load", "57300580b2c2fd1400568751": "11\u201313th century AD", - "57300580b2c2fd1400568750": "approximately 80", - "5730069004bcaa1900d7702d": "the North Sea", - "5730069004bcaa1900d7702e": "the North Sea", + "57300580b2c2fd1400568750": "80", + "5730069004bcaa1900d7702d": "North Sea", + "5730069004bcaa1900d7702e": "North Sea", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702f": "to the north", "5730069004bcaa1900d77030": "freshwater lake", "5730069004bcaa1900d77031": "three", - "57300761947a6a140053cf9a": "the 1st century BC", + "57300761947a6a140053cf9a": "1st century BC", "57300761947a6a140053cf9b": "Germania", "57300761947a6a140053cf9c": "6th century BC", - "57300761947a6a140053cf9d": "Maurus Servius Honoratus", + "57300761947a6a140053cf9d": "Herodotus", "573007fab2c2fd140056876b": "AD 14", - "573007fab2c2fd140056876c": "upper Danube", - "573007fab2c2fd140056876d": "AD 70", + "573007fab2c2fd140056876c": "the water-boundary of the Rhine and upper Danube", + "573007fab2c2fd140056876d": "the empire fell", "573007fab2c2fd140056876f": "eastwards", "573007fab2c2fd140056876e": "easily", "57300888b2c2fd1400568775": "eight", - "57300888b2c2fd1400568777": "army of Germania Inferior, two legions at Vetera (Xanten), I Germanica and XX Valeria (Pannonian troops", + "57300888b2c2fd1400568777": "Pannonian troops", "57300888b2c2fd1400568778": "town of the Ubii", - "57300888b2c2fd1400568776": "state or threat of war", - "57300888b2c2fd1400568779": "town of the Ubii\"), which was renamed to Colonia Agrippina", + "57300888b2c2fd1400568776": "a state or threat of war", + "57300888b2c2fd1400568779": "the Ubii", "57300911947a6a140053cfb6": "the Migration period", - "57300911947a6a140053cfb7": "the kingdoms", + "57300911947a6a140053cfb7": "Francia", "57300911947a6a140053cfb8": "dragons rock", "57300911947a6a140053cfb9": "Siegfried", "57300911947a6a140053cfba": "Hagen", @@ -9405,39 +9405,39 @@ "573009a004bcaa1900d77052": "Archduke Sigismund of Austria", "573009a004bcaa1900d77053": "1469", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc97": "Westphalia", - "57300a25a23a5019007fcc98": "Establishing \"natural borders", + "57300a25a23a5019007fcc98": "natural borders\" on the Rhine was a long-term goal of French foreign policy, since the Middle Ages", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc99": "Napoleon", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9a": "1806", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9b": "1840", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77063": "World War I", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77064": "1930", - "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77065": "the German army", - "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77066": "Adolf Hitler's rise to power", + "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77065": "German army", + "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77066": "Adolf Hitler", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77067": "1936", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77087": "Arnhem", - "57300bf504bcaa1900d77088": "formidable natural obstacle", + "57300bf504bcaa1900d77088": "formidable natural obstacle to the invasion of Germany", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77089": "September 1944", - "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708a": "Ludendorff Bridge", + "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708a": "the Ludendorff Bridge", "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708b": "Seven Days to the River Rhine", "57300c67947a6a140053cff0": "1,230", - "57300c67947a6a140053cff1": "the German encyclopedia Knaurs Lexikon", - "57300c67947a6a140053cff3": "typographical error", + "57300c67947a6a140053cff1": "Knaurs Lexikon", + "57300c67947a6a140053cff3": "1,320 kilometres (820 miles), presumably a typographical error", "57300c67947a6a140053cff2": "1,320", "57300c68947a6a140053cff4": "2010", - "572fac17947a6a140053cb54": "1997, in which the Scottish electorate voted for devolution, the current Parliament was convened by the Scotland Act 1998", + "572fac17947a6a140053cb54": "12 May 1999", "572fac17947a6a140053cb55": "Scotland Act 1998", - "572fac17947a6a140053cb56": "the areas", + "572fac17947a6a140053cb56": "the areas in which it can make laws", "572fac17947a6a140053cb57": "Parliament of the United Kingdom", "572fac17947a6a140053cb58": "Parliament of the United Kingdom", - "572facb0a23a5019007fc863": "lack of a Parliament of Scotland", + "572facb0a23a5019007fc863": "Parliament of Scotland", "572facb0a23a5019007fc864": "three hundred years", - "572facb0a23a5019007fc865": "due to the outbreak of the First World War", - "572facb0a23a5019007fc866": "late 1960s", + "572facb0a23a5019007fc865": "First World War", + "572facb0a23a5019007fc866": "1960s", "572facb0a23a5019007fc867": "a directly elected Scottish Assembly", - "572fad30a23a5019007fc86d": "the North Sea", - "572fad30a23a5019007fc86e": "It's Scotland's oil", + "572fad30a23a5019007fc86d": "North Sea", + "572fad30a23a5019007fc86e": "\"It's Scotland's oil", "572fad30a23a5019007fc870": "1974", - "572fad30a23a5019007fc86f": "benefitting Scotland as much", + "572fad30a23a5019007fc86f": "not benefitting Scotland", "572fad30a23a5019007fc871": "1978", "572fadcbb2c2fd1400568329": "Edinburgh", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832a": "40%", @@ -9445,33 +9445,33 @@ "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832b": "failed", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832d": "32.9%", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76bdf": "a Scottish Parliament", - "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be0": "the Conservative Party", + "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be0": "Conservative Party", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be1": "1989", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be2": "the Convention", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568333": "a new Scottish Parliament Building", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568334": "Enric Miralles", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568335": "Spanish", - "572faec7b2c2fd1400568336": "leaf-shaped buildings", + "572faec7b2c2fd1400568336": "leaf-shaped", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568337": "Queen Elizabeth II", - "572faf74b2c2fd1400568349": "the Church's General Assembly", - "572faf74b2c2fd1400568347": "the General Assembly Hall", - "572faf74b2c2fd1400568348": "the courtyard adjoining", + "572faf74b2c2fd1400568349": "Church's General Assembly", + "572faf74b2c2fd1400568347": "the General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland on the Royal Mile in Edinburgh", + "572faf74b2c2fd1400568348": "courtyard", "572faf74b2c2fd140056834b": "University of Aberdeen", - "572faf74b2c2fd140056834a": "the former Strathclyde Regional Council debating chamber", + "572faf74b2c2fd140056834a": "the former Strathclyde Regional Council debating chamber in Glasgow", "572fb059947a6a140053cb80": "City of Edinburgh Council", - "572fb059947a6a140053cb81": "George IV Bridge", - "572fb059947a6a140053cb82": "demolished", + "572fb059947a6a140053cb81": "Lothian Regional Council on George IV Bridge", + "572fb059947a6a140053cb82": "Lothian Regional Council", "572fb059947a6a140053cb83": "Parliament Square, High Street and George IV Bridge", - "572fb059947a6a140053cb84": "the main hall", - "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c15": "Tricia Marwick", + "572fb059947a6a140053cb84": "main", + "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c15": "one MSP", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c16": "Tricia Marwick", - "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c17": "secret ballot", + "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c17": "secret", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c18": "129", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c19": "A vote clerk", - "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f7": "the Presiding Officer", + "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f7": "Presiding Officer", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f8": "Parliamentary Bureau", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f9": "five or more", - "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8fa": "The Presiding Officer", + "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8fa": "Presiding Officer", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5b": "a hemicycle", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5c": "a hemicycle", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5d": "131", @@ -9481,102 +9481,102 @@ "572fbf21a23a5019007fc937": "silver", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93a": "the Queen", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc939": "Wisdom, Compassion, Justice and Integrity", - "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93b": "a glass case", + "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93b": "glass case", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c73": "April and October", - "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c74": "the debating chamber", + "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c74": "debating chamber", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c75": "public", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c76": "free", - "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c77": "the Official Report", + "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c77": "Official Report", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95d": "Wednesdays", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95e": "four minutes", - "572fc043a23a5019007fc960": "the Presiding Officer", - "572fc043a23a5019007fc95f": "religious beliefs", + "572fc043a23a5019007fc960": "Presiding Officer", + "572fc043a23a5019007fc95f": "religious beliefs according to the Scottish census", "572fc043a23a5019007fc961": "nominate speakers", - "572fc41f947a6a140053cc80": "The Presiding Officer", + "572fc41f947a6a140053cc80": "Presiding Officer", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc81": "who speaks in chamber debates", - "572fc41f947a6a140053cc82": "balance between different viewpoints and political parties", + "572fc41f947a6a140053cc82": "different viewpoints", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc83": "ministers or party leaders", - "572fc41f947a6a140053cc84": "Gaelic", + "572fc41f947a6a140053cc84": "Gaelic language", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccb": "5 pm", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccc": "Decision Time", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccd": "vote", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76cce": "electronic consoles", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccf": "seconds", - "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8a": "The outcome of most votes", + "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8a": "most votes", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8b": "political parties", - "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8c": "MSPs, known as whips", + "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8c": "MSPs", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8e": "moral issues", - "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8d": "expelled from their parties outright", - "572fc659b2c2fd1400568447": "Immediately after Decision Time", - "572fc659b2c2fd1400568449": "a \"Members Debate\" is held, which lasts for 45 minutes", + "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8d": "deselected as official party candidates", + "572fc659b2c2fd1400568447": "Decision Time", + "572fc659b2c2fd1400568449": "Members Business", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568448": "45 minutes", "572fc659b2c2fd140056844a": "other members", - "572fc659b2c2fd140056844b": "winds up", + "572fc659b2c2fd140056844b": "The relevant minister, whose department the debate and motion relate to \"winds up\" the debate by speaking after all other participants", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf5": "committee", - "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf6": "The role of committees is stronger", + "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf6": "stronger", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf7": "there is no revising chamber", - "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf8": "principal role", + "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf8": "to take evidence from witnesses, conduct inquiries and scrutinise legislation", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf9": "other locations throughout Scotland", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d07": "MSPs", - "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d08": "the balance of parties across Parliament", + "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d08": "balance of parties across Parliament", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d09": "their functions", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0a": "Mandatory Committees", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0b": "fourth", - "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d11": "at the beginning of each parliamentary session", + "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d11": "beginning of each parliamentary session", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d12": "one (or more", - "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d13": "the Scottish Government. The current Subject Committees", - "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d14": "Session", - "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d1f": "committee", + "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d13": "departments (or ministries) of the Scottish Government. The current Subject Committees", + "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d14": "Economy", + "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d1f": "A further type of committee", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d20": "large-scale development projects", - "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d21": "the Scottish Parliament by an outside party or promoter who is not a member of the Scottish Parliament or Scottish Government.", + "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d21": "the Scottish Parliament or Scottish Government", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d22": "Private Bill Committees", - "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568473": "Scotland Act 1998", + "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568473": "The Scotland Act 1998", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568474": "Queen Elizabeth II", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568475": "devolved competencies", - "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568476": "the Parliament of the United Kingdom at Westminster", - "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568477": "Parliament", + "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568476": "Parliament of the United Kingdom at Westminster", + "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568477": "the Scottish Government", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f1": "Schedule 5", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f2": "Scottish Parliament", - "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f3": "the Scottish Parliament. Most importantly", + "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f3": "All matters that are not specifically reserved are automatically devolved to the Scottish Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f4": "3 pence in the pound", - "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f5": "The 2012 Act", + "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f5": "2012 Act conferred further fiscal devolution including borrowing powers and some other unconnected matters such as setting speed limits and control of air guns", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847d": "Reserved matters", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847e": "The Scottish Parliament", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847f": "Westminster", "572fcc43b2c2fd1400568480": "Westminster", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccda": "Bills", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdb": "the Scottish Government", - "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdc": "a private member", - "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdd": "an outside proposer", + "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdc": "private member", + "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdd": "outside proposer", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccde": "stages", - "572fce12a23a5019007fca11": "Stage 1 is the first, or introductory stage", - "572fce13a23a5019007fca12": "its accompanying documents", - "572fce13a23a5019007fca13": "whether the bill is within the legislative competence", - "572fce13a23a5019007fca14": "the relevant committee or committees", + "572fce12a23a5019007fca11": "first", + "572fce13a23a5019007fca12": "Explanatory Notes", + "572fce13a23a5019007fca13": "whether the bill is within the legislative competence of the Parliament", + "572fce13a23a5019007fca14": "in the relevant committee or committees", "572fce13a23a5019007fca15": "Stage 2", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd02": "Stage 3", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd03": "two", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd04": "Decision Time", - "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd05": "wrecking amendments", + "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd05": "\"wrecking", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd06": "Decision Time", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684a9": "the Monarch", - "572fd264b2c2fd14005684aa": "the Scottish Parliament was passed by the Parliament on [Date] and received royal assent on [Date]\".", + "572fd264b2c2fd14005684aa": "the Presiding Officer", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ab": "4-week", - "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ac": "the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom", - "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ad": "a phrase", - "572fd47fa23a5019007fca55": "the exception of Scotland's Chief Law Officers: the Lord Advocate and the Solicitor General.", + "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ac": "Supreme Court of the United Kingdom", + "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ad": "\"The Bill for this Act of the Scottish Parliament was passed by the Parliament on [Date] and received royal assent on [Date]\".", + "572fd47fa23a5019007fca55": "The party, or parties, that hold the majority of seats in the Parliament forms the Scottish Government", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca57": "Any member", - "572fd47fa23a5019007fca56": "First Minister", - "572fd47fa23a5019007fca58": "the elected MSPs", + "572fd47fa23a5019007fca56": "a First Minister", + "572fd47fa23a5019007fca58": "MSPs", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca59": "the Sovereign", - "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76d9f": "the first Thursday in May", + "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76d9f": "first Thursday in May", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da0": "first Thursday in May", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da1": "the Monarch", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da3": "supplant it", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da2": "28 days", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd32": "Several procedures", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd33": "MSPs", - "572fd73e947a6a140053cd34": "a statement", + "572fd73e947a6a140053cd34": "a statement to the chamber setting out the Government's legislative programme", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd35": "substance of the statement", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3a": "Parliamentary time", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3b": "Thursday", @@ -9586,19 +9586,19 @@ "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684f9": "73", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fb": "2005", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fa": "one", - "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fd": "due to", + "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fd": "Orkney, Shetland and the Western Isles", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fc": "55,000", - "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850b": "proportionally", - "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850c": "the d'Hondt method", - "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850d": "quotient", - "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850e": "its constituency seats", + "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850b": "proportionally to the number of votes received in the second vote of the ballot using the d'Hondt method", + "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850c": "d'Hondt method", + "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850d": "The party with the highest quotient", + "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850e": "constituency seats", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850f": "iteratively", - "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851d": "a number of qualifications", + "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851d": "number of qualifications", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851e": "1981", - "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851f": "18", - "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568520": "police and the armed forces", + "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851f": "over the age of 18", + "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568520": "the police and the armed forces", "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568521": "Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003", - "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dd9": "the Scottish Parliament", + "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dd9": "a parliamentary majority", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dda": "Labour", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddb": "151 votes", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddc": "eight", @@ -9608,65 +9608,65 @@ "572fdc34a23a5019007fca95": "five seats", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca96": "Annabel Goldie", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca97": "Cameron", - "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9d": "A procedural consequence", - "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9e": "domestic legislation", + "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9d": "procedural", + "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9e": "England, Wales and Northern Ireland \u2013 whilst English, Scottish, Welsh and Northern Irish Westminster MPs are unable to vote on the domestic legislation", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9f": "West Lothian question", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa0": "Conservative", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa1": "England", "572ff626947a6a140053ce8e": "Islamism", - "572ff626947a6a140053ce8f": "all spheres of life", - "572ff626947a6a140053ce90": "reordering of government and society in accordance with the Shari'a", + "572ff626947a6a140053ce8f": "all spheres", + "572ff626947a6a140053ce90": "Shari'a", "572ff626947a6a140053ce91": "two poles", "572ff626947a6a140053ce92": "revolution or invasion", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568677": "democratic process", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568678": "Palestine", - "572ff760b2c2fd1400568679": "seeking to abolish the state of Israel", + "572ff760b2c2fd1400568679": "abolish the state of Israel", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867a": "democracy", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867b": "religious basis", - "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f65": "between what Graham E. Fuller has described as the fundamentalist \"guardians of the tradition", + "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f65": "the fundamentalist \"guardians of the tradition", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f66": "Sunni pan-Islamism", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f67": "sharia", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f68": "democracy", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f69": "maintain their legitimacy", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd5": "political", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd6": "Islam", - "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd7": "many in the West", + "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd7": "an error", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd8": "illiberal Islamic regimes", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd9": "religion from politics", - "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76f9f": "Muslims", - "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa0": "Americans", + "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76f9f": "Islamism", + "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa0": "the Iranian Islamic Revolution", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa1": "historical fluke", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa2": "1945 and 1970", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa3": "quietist/non-political Islam", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee7": "dangerous enemies", - "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee6": "During the 1970s", + "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee6": "1970s", "572ffbaa947a6a140053ceea": "experience, ideology, and weapons", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee9": "mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee8": "leftist/communist/nationalist insurgents/opposition", "572ffbaab2c2fd14005686cd": "experience, ideology, and weapons", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef6": "Anwar Sadat", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef7": "making peace", - "572ffc99947a6a140053cef8": "political support", + "572ffc99947a6a140053cef8": "political support in his struggle against leftists", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef9": "1975", - "572ffc99947a6a140053cefa": "released Islamists", - "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc7": "strict, conservative Saudi-based Wahhabism", - "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc8": "hate them for their religion", - "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc9": "the horrible wars", + "572ffc99947a6a140053cefa": "political support in his struggle against leftists", + "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc7": "Wahhabism or Salafism", + "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc8": "infidels", + "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc9": "all the horrible wars", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fca": "infidels", - "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fcb": "Saudi", - "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686ef": "Islamist", - "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f2": "incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful", - "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f0": "housing", + "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fcb": "Saudi-interpretation of Islam as the \"gold standard\" of religion in minds of some or many Muslims", + "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686ef": "Islamist movements such as the Muslim Brotherhood", + "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f2": "inefficient, or neglectful", + "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f0": "housing assistance to students from out of town, student advisory groups", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f3": "rhetoric", - "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f1": "to avoid prohibitively costly dowry demands", + "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f1": "dowry demands", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf14": "law and philosophy", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf15": "All India Muslim League", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf17": "Indian National Congress", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf16": "1908", - "572ffee1947a6a140053cf18": "The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam", + "572ffee1947a6a140053cf18": "Oxford University press in 1934", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686f9": "secularism and secular nationalism", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fa": "crowd out Muslim heritage, culture and political influence", - "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fb": "shedding of nationalist differences", + "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fb": "nationalist differences", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fc": "1930", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fd": "Pakistan movement", "5730005db2c2fd1400568703": "Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi", @@ -9680,89 +9680,89 @@ "57300137b2c2fd140056871b": "modern context", "57300200b2c2fd1400568729": "Sharia", "57300200b2c2fd140056872a": "an Islamic state", - "57300200b2c2fd140056872b": "tawhid (unity of God", + "57300200b2c2fd140056872b": "unity of God", "57300200b2c2fd140056872c": "Islamic revolution", "57300200b2c2fd140056872d": "da'wah", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77001": "1928", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77002": "Ismailiyah, Egypt", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77003": "Hassan al Banna", - "5730035e04bcaa1900d77004": "the Qur'an", + "5730035e04bcaa1900d77004": "Qur'an", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77005": "imperialist influence", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4c": "violence", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4d": "1949", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4e": "Mahmud Fami Naqrashi", - "5730040f947a6a140053cf4f": "1948 and several years later", + "5730040f947a6a140053cf4f": "1948", "5730040f947a6a140053cf50": "Gamal Abdul Nasser", - "573004bf947a6a140053cf56": "one of the most influential", + "573004bf947a6a140053cf56": "one of the most influential movements", "573004bf947a6a140053cf59": "75%", - "573004bf947a6a140053cf57": "semi-legal", + "573004bf947a6a140053cf57": "\"semi-legal", "573004bf947a6a140053cf58": "field candidates", "573004bf947a6a140053cf5a": "Mohamed Morsi", - "573005b9947a6a140053cf6a": "quick and decisive", + "573005b9947a6a140053cf6a": "secular Arab nationalism", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6b": "pivotal event", - "573005b9947a6a140053cf6c": "economic stagnation", - "573005b9947a6a140053cf6d": "A steep and steady decline in the popularity and credibility", - "573005b9947a6a140053cf6e": "democratic and anti-democratic Islamist movements", + "573005b9947a6a140053cf6c": "economic stagnation in the defeated countries", + "573005b9947a6a140053cf6d": "A steep and steady decline in the popularity and credibility of secular, socialist and nationalist politics", + "573005b9947a6a140053cf6e": "different democratic and anti-democratic Islamist movements inspired by Maududi and Sayyid Qutb", "5730088e947a6a140053cfad": "ideological", "5730088e947a6a140053cfac": "Ali Shariati", - "5730088e947a6a140053cfae": "somewhere between beliefs", + "5730088e947a6a140053cfae": "Sunni Islamic thinkers like Mawdudi and Qutb", "5730088e947a6a140053cfaf": "the Prophet Mohammad", - "5730088e947a6a140053cfb0": "conspiracy", + "5730088e947a6a140053cfb0": "the Western governments", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b7": "The Islamic Republic", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b9": "Shia terrorist", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b8": "economic", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770ba": "2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict", - "57300e2604bcaa1900d770bb": "Mahmoud Ahmadinejad", - "57300ec0947a6a140053d004": "the Soviet Union", - "57300ec0947a6a140053d005": "an Islamic rebellion", + "57300e2604bcaa1900d770bb": "President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad", + "57300ec0947a6a140053d004": "Soviet Union", + "57300ec0947a6a140053d005": "Islamic rebellion against an allied Marxist regime in the Afghan Civil War", "57300ec0947a6a140053d006": "fight", "57300ec0947a6a140053d007": "marginal", "57300ec0947a6a140053d008": "16,000 to 35,000", - "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d1": "Another factor in the early 1990s that worked to radicalize", + "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d1": "Another factor in the early 1990s that worked to radicalize the Islamist movement", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d2": "Saddam Hussein", - "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d3": "many Islamist groups", + "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d3": "the many Islamist groups", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d4": "Saudi monarchy", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d5": "west", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d7": "conservative Muslims", - "573010fab2c2fd14005687d9": "Islamists", + "573010fab2c2fd14005687d9": "those domestic Islamists who attacked it (bin Laden", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d8": "kingdom", "573010fab2c2fd14005687da": "Algeria", "573010fab2c2fd14005687db": "Osama bin Laden", "573011de04bcaa1900d770f9": "Qutb", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fa": "1966", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fb": "the Brotherhood", - "573011de04bcaa1900d770fc": "Fringe or splinter movements", + "573011de04bcaa1900d770fc": "Fringe or splinter", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fd": "1970s", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd09": "Egyptian Islamic Jihad", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0a": "1981", - "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0b": "Anwar Sadat", + "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0b": "apostate\" leaders of Muslim states", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0c": "apostate\" leaders of Muslim states, leaders who held secular leanings", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0d": "Muhammad Abd al-Salaam Farag", - "5730131c947a6a140053d052": "violence", - "5730131c947a6a140053d053": "al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya (Islamic Group", + "5730131c947a6a140053d052": "violence in their struggle for Islamic order was al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya (Islamic Group", + "5730131c947a6a140053d053": "Islamic Group", "5730131c947a6a140053d055": "2003", "5730131c947a6a140053d054": "unsuccessful", "5730131c947a6a140053d056": "political figures", - "5730208fa23a5019007fcded": "quiescent", + "5730208fa23a5019007fcded": "\"quiescent", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdee": "HAMAS", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdef": "destruction of Israel", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf1": "alcohol", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf0": "Palestine", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f7": "Hamas", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f8": "542", - "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f9": "the majority of the seats", + "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f9": "majority of the seats", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fa": "2007", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fb": "driving Israel out of the Gaza Strip", - "57302700a23a5019007fce89": "Islamist", + "57302700a23a5019007fce89": "Islamist regime under the leadership of Hassan al-Turabi", "57302700a23a5019007fce8a": "Hassan al-Turabi", "57302700a23a5019007fce8b": "National Islamic Front", - "57302700a23a5019007fce8c": "money from foreign Islamist banking systems", - "57302700a23a5019007fce8d": "the university and military academy", + "57302700a23a5019007fce8c": "foreign Islamist banking systems, especially those linked with Saudi Arabia", + "57302700a23a5019007fce8d": "university and military academy", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9d": "1985", - "573027d6a23a5019007fce9e": "with the help of the military", + "573027d6a23a5019007fce9e": "the military", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9f": "sharia law", "573027d6a23a5019007fcea0": "Osama bin Laden", - "573027d6a23a5019007fcea1": "American attack on Iraq", + "573027d6a23a5019007fcea1": "American attack on Iraq in the 1991 Gulf War", "5730285a04bcaa1900d77270": "women staying home", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726f": "1989", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726e": "Algeria", @@ -9771,10 +9771,10 @@ "573028fa04bcaa1900d77287": "justice and prosperity", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77288": "vicious and destructive", "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728a": "1992", - "573028fa04bcaa1900d77289": "one of the poorest", - "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728b": "roughly 80%", + "573028fa04bcaa1900d77289": "one of the poorest countries", + "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728b": "80%", "57302a3aa23a5019007fcecf": "The Taliban", - "57302a3aa23a5019007fced0": "Pakistan", + "57302a3aa23a5019007fced0": "neighboring Pakistan", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced1": "Islamic fundamentalist or neofundamentalist", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced2": "Sharia", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced3": "Wahhabism", @@ -9783,28 +9783,28 @@ "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b1": "Islamism", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b2": "his means of seizing power", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b3": "1988", - "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689db": "Wahhabi/Salafi jihadist extremist militant", + "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689db": "Wahhabi/Salafi jihadist", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dc": "Sunni Arabs", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689de": "ten million", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689df": "international recognition", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dd": "a caliphate", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d7": "2004", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d8": "March 2003", - "57302cd004bcaa1900d772da": "expelled", + "57302cd004bcaa1900d772da": "expelled from al-Qaeda in early 2014", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d9": "March 2011", - "57302cd004bcaa1900d772db": "a terrorist organisation", - "57302e45947a6a140053d22e": "a different view of Muslim history than some other Islamists such as Muhammad Qutb. HT", + "57302cd004bcaa1900d772db": "terrorist organisation", + "57302e45947a6a140053d22e": "Caliphate", "57302e45947a6a140053d22f": "7th century", "57302e45947a6a140053d230": "1924", - "57302e45947a6a140053d231": "true Islamic system", - "57302e45947a6a140053d232": "the true Islamic system", - "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f5": "armed jihad", - "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f6": "through \"ideological struggle", + "57302e45947a6a140053d231": "the true Islamic system", + "57302e45947a6a140053d232": "Kafir) colonial powers\" working through Turkish modernist Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk", + "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f5": "armed jihad or work for a democratic system", + "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f6": "ideological struggle", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f7": "Muslim public opinion, and in particular through elites who will \"facilitate\" a \"change of the government", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f8": "Egypt", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f9": "terrorist groups", - "57302faa04bcaa1900d77311": "over 900,000", - "57302faa04bcaa1900d77312": "strong Islamist", + "57302faa04bcaa1900d77311": "900,000", + "57302faa04bcaa1900d77312": "Islamist", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77313": "2007", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77314": "Londonistan", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77315": "incitement to terrorism", @@ -9813,46 +9813,46 @@ "57303048947a6a140053d256": "Christian Whiton", "57303048947a6a140053d257": "Defense Secretary", "57303048947a6a140053d258": "undermining the communist ideology", - "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c6": "Latin", - "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c7": "military force", - "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c9": "Japanese", + "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c6": "Latin word \"imperium", + "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c7": "colonization, use of military force", + "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c9": "Asia and Africa", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4ca": "technologies and ideas", - "573062662461fd1900a9cdf7": "influence", - "573062662461fd1900a9cdf8": "physical control or full-fledged colonial rule", + "573062662461fd1900a9cdf7": "A policy of extending a country\u2019s power and influence", + "573062662461fd1900a9cdf8": "Formal imperialism\" is defined as \"physical control or full-fledged colonial rule", "573062662461fd1900a9cdfa": "military force", - "573062662461fd1900a9cdfb": "less direct", - "57306797396df919000960ee": "domination or control by a group of people over another. To clear out this confusion about the definition of imperialism", - "57306797396df919000960ef": "full-fledged colonial rule", + "573062662461fd1900a9cdfb": "less direct; however, it is still a powerful form of dominance", + "57306797396df919000960ee": "uneven trade agreements forcefully", + "57306797396df919000960ef": "full-fledged", "57306797396df919000960f0": "aggressiveness", "57306797396df919000960f2": "technological superiority, enforcing land officials into large debts that cannot be repaid, ownership of private industries", - "57306797396df919000960f1": "informal\" imperialism", - "573081c2069b531400832133": "distinction of an empire", + "57306797396df919000960f1": "Informal rule", + "573081c2069b531400832133": "The greatest distinction of an empire", "573081c2069b531400832134": "world systems theory", - "573081c2069b531400832135": "Lenin", - "573081c2069b531400832136": "empires", - "573081c2069b531400832137": "sea", + "573081c2069b531400832135": "The Russian leader Lenin", + "573081c2069b531400832136": "some states today are viewed as empires due to their political and economic authority over other nations", + "573081c2069b531400832137": "sea and trade routes", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6d": "colonialism", - "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6e": "political focus", - "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6f": "ideological", + "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6e": "a political focus", + "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6f": "ideological as well as financial reasons, colonialism is simply the development for settlement or commercial intentions", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce70": "Contiguous land empires such as the Russian or Ottoman", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce71": "a person or group of people", - "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54c": "Imperialism and colonialism", + "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54c": "Imperialism", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54d": "physical control", - "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54e": "to create an empire", + "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54e": "to create an empire, by conquering the other state's lands and therefore increasing its own dominance", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c550": "Colonialism", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54f": "the characteristics", - "5730876a396df9190009617a": "the defense and justification", + "5730876a396df9190009617a": "the defense and justification of empire-building", "5730876a396df9190009617c": "imperialism", - "5730876a396df9190009617b": "the races", - "5730876a396df9190009617d": "Social Darwinism\" and a theory of races", + "5730876a396df9190009617b": "the races which can do this work best", + "5730876a396df9190009617d": "Social Darwinism", "5730876a396df9190009617e": "whiteness", "573088da069b53140083216b": "Germany", - "573088da069b53140083216c": "a space for travellers to share these stories.Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain", + "573088da069b53140083216c": "Britain", "573088da069b53140083216d": "Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism", "573088da069b53140083216e": "necessary for a state\u2019s survival", - "573088da069b53140083216f": "travelers", - "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c576": "environmental determinism", - "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c577": "temperate", + "573088da069b53140083216f": "fund travelers who would come back with tales of their discoveries", + "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c576": "Geographical theories such as environmental determinism", + "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c577": "temperate zone", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c578": "Orientalism", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c579": "uncivilized", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c57a": "the superior and the norm", @@ -9863,97 +9863,97 @@ "57308ddc396df919000961a8": "empty land", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c580": "imaginative geography", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c581": "irrational and backward", - "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c582": "its inferior", + "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c582": "negative vision of itself, as its inferior", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c583": "discourse of Orientalism", - "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c584": "inferior", - "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58a": "maps", + "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c584": "negative vision of itself, as its inferior", + "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58a": "nineteenth-century maps during the \"scramble for Africa", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58b": "blank space", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58c": "unknown or unexplored territory", - "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58d": "role of nineteenth-century maps", + "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58d": "role of nineteenth-century maps during the \"scramble for Africa", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58e": "French", "573092088ab72b1400f9c595": "pre-Columbian era", "573092088ab72b1400f9c594": "Genghis Khan", "573092088ab72b1400f9c597": "dozens", - "573092088ab72b1400f9c598": ". Historically recognized Muslim empires number in the dozens.", - "573092088ab72b1400f9c596": "Sub-Saharan Africa", - "573093598ab72b1400f9c5ae": "Cultural imperialism", - "573093598ab72b1400f9c5af": "Cultural imperialism", + "573092088ab72b1400f9c598": "dozens of empires that predate the European colonial era", + "573092088ab72b1400f9c596": "Luba Empire, Lunda Empire, and Mutapa Empire", + "573093598ab72b1400f9c5ae": "Cultural", + "573093598ab72b1400f9c5af": "Cultural imperialism is when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles, i.e. its soft power", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b0": "Dallas", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b1": "Roman", - "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b2": "bans", - "57309446396df919000961b8": "around 1700", - "57309446396df919000961b9": "Age of Imperialism", + "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b2": "authoritarian regimes, fighting such influence with bans on foreign popular culture", + "57309446396df919000961b8": "1700", + "57309446396df919000961b9": "colonizing, influencing, and annexing other parts of the world", "57309446396df919000961ba": "thousands of years", - "57309446396df919000961bb": "middle of the 20th century", + "57309446396df919000961bb": "1700", "57309446396df919000961bc": "Open Door Policy", - "57309564069b5314008321a5": "1919\u20131980", - "57309564069b5314008321a6": "1920\u20131999", + "57309564069b5314008321a5": "1919", + "57309564069b5314008321a6": "1999", "57309564069b5314008321a7": "historians", - "57309564069b5314008321a8": "economy", + "57309564069b5314008321a8": "the world's economy", "57309564069b5314008321a9": "many imperial powers", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d2": "economic growth", - "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d4": "mid-18th century", + "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d4": "18th century", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d3": "colonies", - "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d5": "the Mughal state", - "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dc": "advancements in communication", + "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d5": "Mughal state", + "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dc": "communication", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dd": "deadly explosives", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5de": "machine gun", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5df": "arrows, swords, and leather shields", - "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5e0": "Europe", - "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e6": "British", - "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e7": "late 1870s", + "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5e0": "European armies an advantage over their opponents, as armies in less-developed countries", + "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e6": "British experience", + "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e7": "1870s", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e8": "philanthropy", - "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e9": "natural extension of capitalism", + "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e9": "natural extension of capitalism that arose from need for capitalist economies to constantly expand investment, material resources and manpower in such a way that necessitated colonial expansion", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c600": "historians and political theorists", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c602": "1950s", - "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c601": "before World War I", - "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c603": "disease", + "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c601": "World War I", + "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c603": "domestic social reforms could cure the international disease", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c604": "economic foundation", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60a": "environmental determinism", - "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60b": "environmental determinism", - "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60c": "less civilized", + "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60b": "environmental determinism served as a moral justification for domination of certain territories and peoples. It was believed that a certain person's behaviours were determined by the environment", + "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60c": "\"less civilized", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60d": "Africa", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60e": "orientalism and tropicality", - "5730a314069b5314008321eb": "geographic scholars", - "5730a314069b5314008321ec": "Northern Europe and the Mid-Atlantic", + "5730a314069b5314008321eb": "colonizing empires", + "5730a314069b5314008321ec": "Mid-Atlantic", "5730a314069b5314008321ed": "guidance and intervention", "5730a314069b5314008321ee": "orientalism", "5730a314069b5314008321ef": "colonizing empires", "5730a40f396df91900096234": "sixteenth century", "5730a40f396df91900096235": "1599", "5730a40f396df91900096236": "Queen Elizabeth", - "5730a40f396df91900096237": "political activity", + "5730a40f396df91900096237": "political activity caused exploitation of the East India Company causing the plundering of the local economy, almost bringing the company into bankruptcy", "5730a40f396df91900096238": "the Portuguese", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf29": "1830", - "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2a": "after 1850", + "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2a": "1850", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2d": "Catholicism", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2b": "North and West Africa", - "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2c": "1850", + "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2c": "Germany", "5730a951069b531400832213": "civilize the inferior", "5730a951069b531400832214": "Full citizenship rights", "5730a951069b531400832215": "small numbers of settlers", "5730a951069b531400832216": "Christianity and French culture", "5730a951069b531400832217": "Algeria", - "5730aa52069b53140083221d": "the overseas colonies", + "5730aa52069b53140083221d": "overseas colonies", "5730aa52069b53140083221e": "anti-colonial movements", "5730aa52069b53140083221f": "Vietnam", "5730aa52069b531400832220": "Algeria", "5730aa52069b531400832221": "1960", "5730ab63396df91900096260": "Scandinavia and northern Europe", - "5730ab63396df91900096263": "Iberia", + "5730ab63396df91900096263": "Muslim Iberia", "5730ab63396df91900096261": "classical antiquity", - "5730ab63396df91900096262": "late antiquity", - "5730ab63396df91900096264": "an amorphous area of central Europe", + "5730ab63396df91900096262": "1000 CE", + "5730ab63396df91900096264": "central Europe", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf73": "late 19th century", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf74": "1862\u201390", - "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf75": "the Franco-German War", + "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf75": "Franco-German War", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf77": "Napoleon", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf76": "Europe itself", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c682": "South Pacific", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c683": "German prestige", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c685": "German New Guinea", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c684": "German New Guinea", - "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c686": "Hamburg merchants and traders", + "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c686": "Hamburg merchants and traders, his neighbors at Friedrichsruh", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa4": "Sakhalin Island", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa3": "1894", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa6": "Thailand", @@ -9963,55 +9963,55 @@ "5730b255396df919000962b2": "Lenin", "5730b255396df919000962b3": "Eastern Europe", "5730b255396df919000962b4": "Bolshevik", - "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc5": "a world revolution", + "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc5": "world revolution", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc6": "Lenin", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc9": "Mao Zedong", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc8": "Joseph Stalin", - "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc7": "socialism in one country", + "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc7": "socialism", "5730b541396df919000962c2": "mercantilism", "5730b541396df919000962c3": "1776", "5730b541396df919000962c5": "free trade", "5730b541396df919000962c4": "1820", "5730b541396df919000962c6": "1815", - "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfcf": "British", + "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfcf": "British Empire", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd0": "pseudo-sciences", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd2": "The British Empire", - "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd1": "Asia and the Middle East", - "5730b7ce069b5314008322c3": "the scenes", - "5730b7ce069b5314008322c4": "ism", - "5730b7ce069b5314008322c6": "a war", - "5730b7ce069b5314008322c5": "the Philippines", + "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd1": "Middle East", + "5730b7ce069b5314008322c3": "behind the scenes", + "5730b7ce069b5314008322c4": "interventionism", + "5730b7ce069b5314008322c6": "business, labor and government leaders in the US to condemn America's occupation in the Philippines as they also denounced them for causing the deaths of many Filipinos", + "5730b7ce069b5314008322c5": "Philippines", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c7": "a \"racket", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c704": "Isiah Bowman", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c705": "1917", - "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c706": "President Wilson and the American delegation from the Paris Peace Conference. The point of this inquiry was to build a premise that would allow for U.", + "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c706": "President Wilson and the American delegation from the Paris Peace Conference", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c707": "geographical order", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c708": "Wilson's geographer", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d011": "internal strife", - "5730bb522461fd1900a9d012": "imperialism or colonialism", + "5730bb522461fd1900a9d012": "internal colonialism", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d013": "12 to 15 million", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d015": "the contemporary Orient", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73c": "1923", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73d": "Suleiman the Magnificent", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73e": "32", - "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73f": "Horn of Africa", + "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73f": "Southeast Europe, Western Asia, the Caucasus, North Africa, and the Horn of Africa", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c740": "Suleiman the Magnificent", "5730bd00069b5314008322d7": "Istanbul", "5730bd00069b5314008322d9": "Germany", - "5730bd00069b5314008322db": "World War I", + "5730bd00069b5314008322db": "modern Balkan and Middle Eastern states", "5730bd00069b5314008322da": "Turkey", "5730982f396df919000961e2": "United Methodist Church", "5730982f396df919000961e3": "a mainline Protestant Methodist denomination", "5730982f396df919000961e4": "1968", - "5730982f396df919000961e5": "John and Charles Wesley", - "5730982f396df919000961e6": "decidedly Wesleyan", + "5730982f396df919000961e5": "Evangelicalism", + "5730982f396df919000961e6": "Wesleyan", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee5": "United Methodist Church", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee6": "80 million", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee7": "the largest mainline Protestant denomination", - "573098c12461fd1900a9cee8": "3.6%", + "573098c12461fd1900a9cee8": "3.6", "57309921396df919000961f6": "mid-18th century", - "57309921396df919000961f7": "Church of England", - "57309921396df919000961f8": "Holy Club\" and \"the Methodists", + "57309921396df919000961f7": "Oxford University campus", + "57309921396df919000961f8": "Holy Club", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef7": "1735", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef8": "colony of Georgia", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef9": "the American Indians", @@ -10023,63 +10023,63 @@ "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf03": "Lovely Lane Methodist Church", "57309adb396df919000961fc": "St. George's United Methodist Church", "57309adb396df919000961fd": "St. George's United Methodist Church", - "57309adb396df919000961fe": "1769", - "57309adb396df919000961ff": "a sail loft", + "57309adb396df919000961fe": "1767", + "57309adb396df919000961ff": "Dock Street", "57309adb396df91900096200": "1784", - "57309cd6069b5314008321c3": "Richard Allen and Absalom Jones", + "57309cd6069b5314008321c3": "Richard Allen", "57309cd6069b5314008321c4": "St. George's Church", "57309cd6069b5314008321c5": "1784", "57309d31396df91900096210": "1830", - "57309d31396df91900096211": "over", + "57309d31396df91900096211": "1830", "57309d31396df91900096212": "1844", "57309d31396df91900096213": "tensions over slavery", "5730a97a396df9190009625a": "April 23, 1968", "5730a97a396df9190009625b": "Dallas, Texas", - "5730a97a396df9190009625c": "Bishop Lloyd Christ Wicke", + "5730a97a396df9190009625c": "Lloyd Christ Wicke", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6d": "holy catholic (or universal) church", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6e": "Book of Discipline", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6f": "the \"visible and invisible Church", - "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64e": "the American Revolution", + "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64e": "As a result of the American Revolution", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c650": "Dr. Thomas Coke", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64f": "Thomas Vasey and Richard Whatcoat", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c655": "1968", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c654": "John Wesley and Charles Wesley", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c656": "Albert C. Outler", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c657": "Albert C. Outler", - "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c670": "Prevenient grace", + "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c670": "Prevenient grace, or the grace that \"goes before\" us, is given to all people", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c672": "Prevenient grace", - "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c671": "Prevenient grace", + "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c671": "the grace that \"goes before\" us, is given to all people", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c673": "sin", - "5730aeba069b531400832241": "Justifying Grace", + "5730aeba069b531400832241": "Justifying Grace or Accepting Grace is that grace, offered by God to all people, that we receive by faith and trust in Christ", "5730aeba069b531400832242": "The justifying grace", "5730aeba069b531400832243": "conversion", - "5730aeba069b531400832244": "conversion, \"accepting Jesus as your personal Lord and Savior,\" or being \"born again", - "5730aeba069b531400832245": "the New Birth", - "5730afed069b53140083225f": "Sanctifying Grace", + "5730aeba069b531400832244": "conversion", + "5730aeba069b531400832245": "New Birth", + "5730afed069b53140083225f": "that grace of God which sustains the believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection", "5730afed069b531400832260": "Sanctifying Grace", "5730afed069b531400832261": "Sanctifying Grace is that grace of God which sustains the believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection", - "5730afed069b531400832262": "a genuine love of God with heart, soul, mind, and strength", - "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c696": "theology", + "5730afed069b531400832262": "Sanctifying Grace", + "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c696": "holiness into the life of the participating believer", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c697": "prima scriptura", - "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c698": "United Methodist Church", + "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c698": "UMC", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c699": "The Book of Discipline", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69f": "2008", - "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69e": "The United Methodist Church", - "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c6a0": "Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", + "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69e": "pro-choice", + "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c6a0": "Reproductive Choice", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6ae": "The General Board of Church and Society, and the United Methodist Women", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6af": "all women", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6b0": "the mother", - "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfad": "Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality", - "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfae": "2012", - "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfaf": "Rev. Paul T. Stallsworth", + "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfad": "TUMAS", + "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfae": "May 2012", + "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfaf": "Paul T. Stallsworth", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb3": "temperance movement", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb6": "2011 and 2012", - "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb4": "The Use of Money", + "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb4": "\"The Use of Money", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb5": "unfermented grape juice", "5730b54c069b53140083228d": "capital punishment", "5730b54c069b53140083228e": "John 8:7", "5730b54c069b53140083228f": "Matthew 5:38-39", - "5730b54c069b531400832290": "The General Conference", + "5730b54c069b531400832290": "General Conference", "5730b5cc396df919000962d2": "same-sex", "5730b5cc396df919000962d3": "1999", "5730b5cc396df919000962d4": "2016", @@ -10088,20 +10088,20 @@ "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd9": "same-gender marriages", "5730b776069b5314008322bd": "1987", "5730b776069b5314008322be": "2005", - "5730b776069b5314008322bf": "Baltimore-Washington Conference of the UMC", + "5730b776069b5314008322bf": "Baltimore-Washington Conference", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cff9": "conscription", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffa": "military action", - "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffb": "conscription as incompatible with the teaching of Scripture. Therefore, the Church supports and extends its ministry to those persons who conscientiously oppose all war", + "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffb": "all war", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70e": "Christ's message and teachings", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70f": "national foreign policy", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c710": "general and complete disarmament", - "5730bdfe396df9190009630e": "Sexual Ethics Task Force of The United Methodist Church", + "5730bdfe396df9190009630e": "The United Methodist Church", "5730bdfe396df9190009630f": "violence, degradation, exploitation", "5730bdfe396df91900096310": "girls and women", "5730bf03069b5314008322eb": "IVF", - "5730bf03069b5314008322ed": "stem cells", + "5730bf03069b5314008322ed": "stem cells retrieved from umbilical cords and adult stem cells", "5730bf03069b5314008322ec": "embryos for the sake of research", - "5730c059069b531400832305": "the Sunday Service", + "5730c059069b531400832305": "Sunday Service", "5730c059069b531400832306": "When the Methodists in America", "5730c059069b531400832307": "The Book of Common Prayer", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc46": "The United Methodist Church in Africa", @@ -10111,10 +10111,10 @@ "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4d": "William Booth", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4e": "John Wesley", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc52": "The United Methodist Church", - "5730c737b54a4f140068cc54": "the General Conference", + "5730c737b54a4f140068cc54": "General Conference", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc55": "The Book of Discipline", - "5730c737b54a4f140068cc53": "the General Conference", - "5730c737b54a4f140068cc56": "every four years", + "5730c737b54a4f140068cc53": "General Conference", + "5730c737b54a4f140068cc56": "four years", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa7": "five", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa8": "seven", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa9": "to elect and appoint bishops", @@ -10122,58 +10122,58 @@ "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aab": "Episcopal Areas", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449c": "the Mission Council", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449d": "church bishops", - "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449e": "36 acres", - "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449f": "the George W. Bush Presidential Library", + "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449e": "36 acres (150,000 m2) at Southern Methodist University for the George W. Bush Presidential Library", + "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449f": "George W. Bush Presidential Library", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e244a0": "Southern Methodist University", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac2": "nine", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac1": "The Judicial Council", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac3": "eight-year", - "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac4": "twice", - "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac5": "twice a year at various locations throughout the world", + "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac4": "twice a year at various locations throughout the world", + "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac5": "various locations throughout the world", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154a": "The Annual Conference", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154b": "the geographical area", - "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154c": "The Annual Conference", + "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154c": "Annual Conference", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c2": "The Book of Discipline", - "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c3": "nine members", - "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c4": "nine members", + "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c3": "nine", + "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c4": "nine", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c5": "The church conference", - "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c6": "The church conference", - "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc66": "around one hundred", + "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c6": "The church conference is an annual meeting of all the officers of the church and any interested members. This committee", + "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc66": "one hundred", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc67": "three hundred sixty", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc68": "International Association of Methodist-related Schools, Colleges, and Universities", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc94": "John Wesley", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc95": "pastors", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc96": "Annual Conference Order of Elders", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc97": "Annual Conference Order of Deacons", - "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af5": "the Annual Conference Cabinet", - "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af6": "annually", - "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af7": "the session of the Annual Conference", + "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af5": "Cabinet", + "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af6": "multiple years", + "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af7": "session of the Annual Conference", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155a": "Elders", - "5730d473b7151e1900c0155b": "the church, and ordained by a bishop", + "5730d473b7151e1900c0155b": "Elders are called by God", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155c": "2\u20133 years", - "5730d473b7151e1900c0155d": "bishop", - "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b03": "2\u20133 years", + "5730d473b7151e1900c0155d": "District Superintendents", + "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b03": "2\u20133", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b04": "Deacons", - "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b05": "Deacons", + "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b05": "acons", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b06": "sacramental authority", - "5730d597f6cb411900e244d6": "1996", - "5730d597f6cb411900e244d7": "provisional elder/deacon", + "5730d597f6cb411900e244d6": "1996 General Conference", + "5730d597f6cb411900e244d7": "The provisional elder/deacon", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d8": "1996 General Conference", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01562": "Licensed Local Pastor", - "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01563": "The licensed local pastor", + "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01563": "licensed local pastor", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01564": "five-year", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01565": "Associate Membership", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dc": "Baptized Members", - "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dd": "through confirmation and sometimes the profession of faith.", - "5730d77ef6cb411900e244de": "the profession of faith", + "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dd": "confirmation and sometimes the profession of faith", + "5730d77ef6cb411900e244de": "transfer from another Christian denomination", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fc": "Baptism", - "5730de74f6cb411900e244fd": "membership preparation or confirmation classes", - "5730de74f6cb411900e244fe": "The Book of Discipline", - "5730de74f6cb411900e244ff": "Church and the Methodist-Christian theological tradition", + "5730de74f6cb411900e244fd": "confirmation and membership preparation classes, students learn about Church and the Methodist-Christian theological tradition", + "5730de74f6cb411900e244fe": "Book of Discipline", + "5730de74f6cb411900e244ff": "Church", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b61": "certified lay servants", - "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b62": "must be recommended", + "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b62": "recommended by their pastor and Church Council or Charge Conference", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b63": "annually", - "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b64": "the basic course for lay servant", + "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b64": "one advanced course every three years", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b73": "The United Methodist Church", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b74": "observer status", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b75": "the \"blurring of theological and confessional differences in the interests of unity", @@ -10181,7 +10181,7 @@ "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce5": "May 2012", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce6": "1985", "5730eb5b497a881900248a3f": "11 million", - "5730eb5b497a881900248a40": "11 million", + "5730eb5b497a881900248a40": "42,000", "5730eb5b497a881900248a41": "8 million", "5730eb5b497a881900248a42": "34,000", "5730eb5b497a881900248a43": "Texas", @@ -10192,202 +10192,202 @@ "5730ec85e6313a140071cabb": "World Methodist Council", "5730ec85e6313a140071cabc": "July 18, 2006", "5733cf61d058e614000b62e9": "1754\u20131763", - "5733cf61d058e614000b62ea": "Native American allies.", + "5733cf61d058e614000b62ea": "Native American allies", "5733cf61d058e614000b62eb": "60,000", "5733cf61d058e614000b62ec": "2 million", - "5733cff84776f419006612b4": "along the frontiers", - "5733cff84776f419006612b5": "a dispute", + "5733cff84776f419006612b4": "Virginia in the South to Nova Scotia", + "5733cff84776f419006612b5": "a dispute over control of the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers, called the Forks of the Ohio", "5733cff84776f419006612b6": "May 1754", "5733d13e4776f419006612c4": "1755", - "5733d13e4776f419006612c5": "a disaster", + "5733d13e4776f419006612c5": "disaster", "5733d13e4776f419006612c6": "due to a combination of poor management", "5733d13e4776f419006612c7": "Fort Beaus\u00e9jour", - "5733d13e4776f419006612c8": "the expulsion", + "5733d13e4776f419006612c8": "expulsion of the Acadians", "5733d249d058e614000b6331": "William Pitt", - "5733d249d058e614000b6332": "Canada", - "5733d249d058e614000b6333": "Canada", + "5733d249d058e614000b6332": "William Pitt", + "5733d249d058e614000b6333": "Prussia", "5733d249d058e614000b6334": "Sainte Foy", "5733d2dbd058e614000b6339": "east of the Mississippi", "5733d2dbd058e614000b633a": "New Orleans", - "5733d2dbd058e614000b633b": "a century of Anglo-French conflict.", + "5733d2dbd058e614000b633b": "confirming Britain's position as the dominant colonial power in eastern North America", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ea": "1740s", - "5733d3cb4776f419006612eb": "fact", - "5733d3cb4776f419006612ec": "part of the Seven Years' War", - "5733d3cb4776f419006612ed": "the Great War for the Empire.", + "5733d3cb4776f419006612eb": "obscures the fact", + "5733d3cb4776f419006612ec": "France and Great Britain", + "5733d3cb4776f419006612ed": "less frequently used names for the war include the Fourth Intercolonial War and the Great War for the Empire", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6353": "six years", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6354": "six years", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6355": "1760", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6356": "Jumonville Glen", - "5733d5704776f4190066130e": "about 75,000", + "5733d5704776f4190066130e": "75,000", "5733d5704776f4190066130f": "the St. Lawrence River valley", - "5733d5704776f41900661310": "the St. Lawrence and Mississippi watersheds", + "5733d5704776f41900661310": "St. Lawrence and Mississippi watersheds", "5733d68ed058e614000b637f": "20 to 1", - "5733d68ed058e614000b6380": "the eastern coast of the continent", + "5733d68ed058e614000b6380": "eastern coast of the continent", "5733d68ed058e614000b6381": "along the coast", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ab": "native tribes", - "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ac": "Mi'kmaq and the Abenaki", + "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ac": "Mi'kmaq", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ad": "Upstate New York", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ae": "Iroquois rule", "5733da01d058e614000b63f9": "Catawba", - "5733da01d058e614000b63fa": "western portions of the Great Lakes region", + "5733da01d058e614000b63fa": "Great Lakes region", "5733da01d058e614000b63fb": "the Iroquois Six Nations", - "5733dab4d058e614000b6409": "no French regular army troops", - "5733dab4d058e614000b640a": "few", - "5733dab4d058e614000b640b": "did not have any standing forces", + "5733dab4d058e614000b6409": "no French regular army troops were stationed in North America", + "5733dab4d058e614000b640a": "few British troops", + "5733dab4d058e614000b640b": "colonial regulars", "5733db8dd058e614000b6428": "about 3,000 miles", "5733db8dd058e614000b6429": "30 Indians", - "5733db8dd058e614000b642a": "the northern shore of Lake Ontario, crossed the portage at Niagara, and followed the southern shore of Lake Erie.", - "5733dc95d058e614000b644a": "informed C\u00e9loron that they owned the Ohio Country", + "5733db8dd058e614000b642a": "British merchants or fur-traders", + "5733dc95d058e614000b644a": "that they owned the Ohio Country", "5733dc95d058e614000b644b": "Pickawillany", - "5733dc95d058e614000b644c": "threatened \"Old Briton\" with severe consequences", - "5733dc95d058e614000b644d": "ignored the warning", - "5733dd4f4776f419006613aa": "very badly disposed", + "5733dc95d058e614000b644c": "Pickawillany", + "5733dc95d058e614000b644d": "Pickawillany", + "5733dd4f4776f419006613aa": "very badly disposed towards the French", "5733dd4f4776f419006613ab": "London and Paris", - "5733dd4f4776f419006613ac": "the Province of Massachusetts Bay", + "5733dd4f4776f419006613ac": "expansionist governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay", "5733e5a14776f4190066145b": "1749", - "5733e5a14776f4190066145c": "the Ohio Company of Virginia", + "5733e5a14776f4190066145c": "Ohio Company of Virginia", "5733e5a14776f4190066145d": "Christopher Gist", "5733e5a14776f4190066145e": "Treaty of Logstown", - "5733e5a14776f4190066145f": "mouth of the Monongahela River", + "5733e5a14776f4190066145f": "Monongahela River (the site of present-day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania", "5733e771d058e614000b6545": "King George's War", - "5733e771d058e614000b6546": "the Treaty", - "5733e771d058e614000b6547": "territorial claims", - "5733e771d058e614000b6548": "territorial claims between British and French colonies in North America", + "5733e771d058e614000b6546": "1748", + "5733e771d058e614000b6547": "conflicting territorial claims", + "5733e771d058e614000b6548": "British and French colonies in North America", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a6": "Marquis de la Jonqui\u00e8re", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a7": "300", - "5733e8ae4776f419006614a8": "objective", - "5733e8ae4776f419006614a9": "killing 14", - "5733ea04d058e614000b6594": "Paul Marin de la Malgue", - "5733ea04d058e614000b6595": "near present-day Erie, Pennsylvania) on Lake Erie's south shore", - "5733ea04d058e614000b6596": "Waterford", - "5733ea04d058e614000b6597": "to protect", + "5733e8ae4776f419006614a8": "punish the Miami people of Pickawillany", + "5733e8ae4776f419006614a9": "14 people of the Miami nation, including Old Briton", + "5733ea04d058e614000b6594": "Paul Marin", + "5733ea04d058e614000b6595": "Presque Isle", + "5733ea04d058e614000b6596": "Fort Le Boeuf (present-day Waterford, Pennsylvania", + "5733ea04d058e614000b6597": "protect the King's land in the Ohio Valley from the British", "5733ea04d058e614000b6598": "Tanaghrisson", - "5733eb34d058e614000b65cc": "Superintendent for Indian Affairs", + "5733eb34d058e614000b65cc": "The British Superintendent for Indian Affairs in the New York region and beyond, Johnson was known to the Iroquois as Warraghiggey", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cd": "Warraghiggey", - "5733eb34d058e614000b65ce": "colonel", + "5733eb34d058e614000b65ce": "Warraghiggey", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cf": "Mohawk Chief Hendrick", - "5733ef47d058e614000b662b": "the Ohio Company", - "5733ef47d058e614000b662c": "the 21-year-old Major George Washington", + "5733ef47d058e614000b662b": "Ohio Company", + "5733ef47d058e614000b662c": "Major George Washington", "5733ef47d058e614000b662d": "Jacob Van Braam", "5733ef47d058e614000b662e": "December 12", "5733f062d058e614000b6633": "Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre", - "5733f062d058e614000b6634": "Dinwiddie", - "5733f062d058e614000b6635": "I do not think myself obliged", - "5733f062d058e614000b6636": "since Ren\u00e9-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle had explored the Ohio Country nearly a century earlier.", - "5733f1784776f41900661575": "500", + "5733f062d058e614000b6634": "the letter from Dinwiddie", + "5733f062d058e614000b6635": "\"As to the Summons you send me to retire, I do not think myself obliged to obey it.\"", + "5733f062d058e614000b6636": "Ren\u00e9-Robert Cavelier", + "5733f1784776f41900661575": "Claude-Pierre Pecaudy de Contrec\u0153ur", "5733f1784776f41900661576": "1754", "5733f1784776f41900661577": "Fort Duquesne", - "5733f309d058e614000b6648": "surprised", - "5733f309d058e614000b6649": "many", - "5733f309d058e614000b664a": "his own people.", + "5733f309d058e614000b6648": "May 28 in what became known as the Battle of Jumonville Glen", + "5733f309d058e614000b6649": "Jumonville Glen", + "5733f309d058e614000b664a": "regain authority over his own people", "5733f410d058e614000b6663": "dislodge the French", "5733f410d058e614000b6664": "well before", "5733f410d058e614000b6665": "dispatched six regiments to New France under the command of Baron Dieskau in 1755", - "5733f410d058e614000b6666": "an army expedition", - "5733f5264776f419006615a3": "the Albany Congress", + "5733f410d058e614000b6666": "blockade French ports", + "5733f5264776f419006615a3": "Albany Congress", "5733f5264776f419006615a4": "a unified front in trade and negotiations with various Indians", - "5733f5264776f419006615a5": "a unified front in trade and negotiations", - "5733f5264776f419006615a6": "The goal", + "5733f5264776f419006615a5": "unified front", + "5733f5264776f419006615a6": "a unified front in trade and negotiations with various Indians", "5733f5f24776f419006615c1": "Braddock", - "5733f5f24776f419006615c2": "disaster", + "5733f5f24776f419006615c2": "Fort Duquesne. The expedition was a disaster", "5733f5f24776f419006615c3": "1,000", - "5733f5f24776f419006615c4": "American Revolutionary War", + "5733f5f24776f419006615c4": "Two future opponents in the American Revolutionary War", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66a9": "Shirley and Johnson", - "5733f7b9d058e614000b66aa": "logistical difficulties", - "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ab": "absence", + "5733f7b9d058e614000b66aa": "logistical difficulties, exacerbated by Shirley's inexperience in managing large expeditions", + "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ab": "Fort Bull", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ac": "garrisons", - "5733f8dc4776f419006615f7": "the Marquis de Vaudreuil", + "5733f8dc4776f419006615f7": "Marquis de Vaudreuil", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f8": "Dieskau", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f9": "inconclusively", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fa": "Fort William Henry", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fb": "Ticonderoga Point", "5733f9fa4776f4190066161f": "Colonel Monckton", - "5733f9fa4776f41900661620": "vital supplies", - "5733f9fa4776f41900661621": "the only clashes of any size", + "5733f9fa4776f41900661620": "Governor Charles Lawrence", + "5733f9fa4776f41900661621": "Petitcodiac in 1755 and at Bloody Creek", "5733faaf4776f4190066162f": "William Shirley", - "5733faaf4776f41900661630": "December 1755", - "5733faaf4776f41900661631": "Fort Frontenac", - "5733faaf4776f41900661632": "city of Quebec", + "5733faaf4776f41900661630": "Albany", + "5733faaf4776f41900661631": "Fort Frontenac on the north shore of Lake Ontario", + "5733faaf4776f41900661632": "Quebec", "5733fb7bd058e614000b66ff": "James Abercrombie", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6700": "Louis-Joseph de Montcalm", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6701": "May 18, 1756", - "5733fc6ed058e614000b670f": "weakness of the British supply chain", + "5733fc6ed058e614000b670f": "Oneida Carry", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6710": "Scouts had reported the weakness of the British supply chain", - "5733fc6ed058e614000b6711": "45,000 pounds", - "5733fc6ed058e614000b6712": "forts", + "5733fc6ed058e614000b6711": "45,000", + "5733fc6ed058e614000b6712": "campaigns on Lake Ontario", "5733fd66d058e614000b6735": "Abercrombie", "5733fd66d058e614000b6736": "Ticonderoga", "5733fd66d058e614000b6737": "Ticonderoga", - "5733fd66d058e614000b6738": "the disposition of prisoners' personal effects", - "5733fe73d058e614000b673d": "an attack", - "5733fe73d058e614000b673e": "distract Montcalm", + "5733fd66d058e614000b6738": "prisoners' personal effects", + "5733fe73d058e614000b673d": "one major operation", + "5733fe73d058e614000b673e": "Montcalm", "5733fe73d058e614000b673f": "William Pitt", - "5733fe73d058e614000b6740": "returned", - "5733ffa7d058e614000b674f": "French irregular forces (Canadian scouts and Indians", + "5733fe73d058e614000b6740": "William Pitt", + "5733ffa7d058e614000b674f": "French irregular forces", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6750": "Lake George", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6751": "Montcalm's Indian allies, angered at the lost opportunity for loot", - "57340111d058e614000b677d": "the British blockade of the French coastline limited French shipping. The situation in New France was further exacerbated by a poor harvest", - "57340111d058e614000b677e": "a poor harvest", - "57340111d058e614000b677f": "the St. Lawrence", - "5734025d4776f419006616c3": "The British failures", - "5734025d4776f419006616c4": "He", - "5734025d4776f419006616c5": "three major offensive actions", + "57340111d058e614000b677d": "a poor harvest in 1757, a difficult winter, and the allegedly corrupt machinations of Fran\u00e7ois Bigot", + "57340111d058e614000b677e": "the allegedly corrupt machinations of Fran\u00e7ois Bigot", + "57340111d058e614000b677f": "Carillon, Quebec, and Louisbourg", + "5734025d4776f419006616c3": "The British failures in North America, combined with other failures in the European theater", + "5734025d4776f419006616c4": "Loudoun", + "5734025d4776f419006616c5": "three major offensive actions involving large numbers of regular troops, supported by the provincial militias, aimed at capturing the heartlands of New France", "5734025d4776f419006616c6": "Two", "573403394776f419006616dd": "3,600", "573403394776f419006616de": "3,600", - "573403394776f419006616df": "something", - "573403394776f419006616e0": "the Battle of Carillon, in which 3,600 Frenchmen famously and decisively defeated Abercrombie", - "57340549d058e614000b67dd": "an invasion of Britain", - "57340549d058e614000b67de": "invasion of Britain", - "57340549d058e614000b67df": "Quiberon Bay", + "573403394776f419006616df": "when he sent John Bradstreet", + "573403394776f419006616e0": "Jeffery Amherst, victor at Louisbourg.", + "57340549d058e614000b67dd": "invasion of Britain", + "57340549d058e614000b67de": "The invasion failed both militarily and politically", + "57340549d058e614000b67df": "Lagos and Quiberon Bay", "573406d1d058e614000b6801": "James Wolfe", - "573406d1d058e614000b6802": "successfully cut off", + "573406d1d058e614000b6802": "successfully cut off the French frontier forts", "573406d1d058e614000b6803": "Sainte-Foy", - "573406d1d058e614000b6804": "the naval Battle of the Restigouche", + "573406d1d058e614000b6804": "naval Battle of the Restigouche", "573407d7d058e614000b6813": "Governor Vaudreuil", - "573407d7d058e614000b6814": "be", + "573407d7d058e614000b6814": "any French residents who chose to remain in the colony", "573407d7d058e614000b6815": "General Amherst", "573408ef4776f41900661757": "10 February 1763", "573408ef4776f41900661758": "15 February 1763", - "573408ef4776f41900661759": "former", - "573408ef4776f4190066175a": "former", + "573408ef4776f41900661759": "continental North American possessions", + "573408ef4776f4190066175a": "the former", "57340a094776f4190066177d": "80,000", "57340a094776f4190066177e": "1755", - "57340a094776f4190066177f": "France", + "57340a094776f4190066177f": "North American provinces", "57340a094776f41900661780": "New Orleans", "57340b1bd058e614000b6869": "King George III", - "57340b1bd058e614000b686a": "the First Nations.", - "57340b1bd058e614000b686b": "the Appalachian Mountains", + "57340b1bd058e614000b686a": "the division and administration of the newly conquered territory", + "57340b1bd058e614000b686b": "west of the Appalachian Mountains", "57340d124776f419006617c3": "Cuba", - "57340d124776f419006617c0": "construction of military roads", + "57340d124776f419006617c0": "military roads", "57340d124776f419006617c1": "1769", - "57340d124776f419006617c2": "tribes", - "57340d124776f419006617bf": "French power", + "57340d124776f419006617c2": "many native populations", + "57340d124776f419006617bf": "native populations, the elimination of French power in North America meant the disappearance of a strong ally", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e71": "force", - "573735e8c3c5551400e51e72": "the nature of natural motion. A fundamental error", - "573735e8c3c5551400e51e73": "Galileo Galilei and Sir Isaac Newton. With his mathematical insight", + "573735e8c3c5551400e51e72": "fundamental error", + "573735e8c3c5551400e51e73": "Sir Isaac Newton", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e74": "nearly three hundred years", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e75": "Einstein", - "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7b": "a Standard Model", + "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7b": "Standard Model", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7c": "gauge bosons", - "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7d": "strong, electromagnetic", - "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7e": "gravitational", + "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7d": "four", + "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7e": "four", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7f": "electroweak interaction", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e85": "Aristotle", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e86": "Aristotelian cosmology", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e87": "four", - "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e88": "ground", + "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e88": "on the ground", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e89": "unnatural or forced motion", - "57373f80c3c5551400e51e8f": "the 17th century work of Galileo Galilei", + "57373f80c3c5551400e51e8f": "Galileo Galilei", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e90": "Galileo Galilei", - "57373f80c3c5551400e51e91": "force of impetus", + "57373f80c3c5551400e51e91": "an innate force of impetus", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e92": "Galileo Galilei", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e93": "friction", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e99": "Newton", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9a": "lack of net force", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9b": "Newton", - "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9c": "Newton's First Law of Motion", - "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9d": "same", + "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9c": "Newton's First Law", + "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9d": "which object is \"in motion\" and which object is \"at rest\".", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea3": "the laws of physics", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea4": "curving parabolic", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea5": "at rest", @@ -10396,45 +10396,45 @@ "573749741c4567190057445e": "rotational inertia", "573749741c4567190057445f": "Albert Einstein", "573749741c45671900574460": "weightlessness", - "573749741c45671900574461": "This principle of equivalence", - "573750f51c45671900574467": "Newton's Second Law", + "573749741c45671900574461": "principle of equivalence", + "573750f51c45671900574467": "relative units of force and mass then are fixed", "573750f61c45671900574468": "kinematic", "573750f61c45671900574469": "General relativity", - "573750f61c4567190057446a": "coherent theory of quantum gravity", + "573750f61c4567190057446a": "microscales", "573750f61c4567190057446b": "fixed", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eab": "Newton's Third Law", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eac": "Newton's Third Law", - "5737534ec3c5551400e51ead": "unidirectional force", - "5737534ec3c5551400e51eae": "equal in magnitude", - "573755afc3c5551400e51eb3": "the center of mass", - "573755afc3c5551400e51eb4": "a closed", - "573755afc3c5551400e51eb5": "the mass", + "5737534ec3c5551400e51ead": "unidirectional", + "5737534ec3c5551400e51eae": "F and \u2212F are equal in magnitude", + "573755afc3c5551400e51eb3": "center of mass", + "573755afc3c5551400e51eb4": "closed", + "573755afc3c5551400e51eb5": "mass", "573766251c45671900574471": "intuitive understanding", - "573766251c45671900574472": "precise operational definitions", + "573766251c45671900574472": "precise operational definitions that are consistent with direct observations and compared to a standard measurement scale", "573766251c45671900574473": "Newtonian mechanics", - "573766251c45671900574474": "experimentation", - "57376828c3c5551400e51eb9": "vector quantities", + "573766251c45671900574474": "precise operational definitions that are consistent with direct observations and compared to a standard measurement scale. Through experimentation", + "57376828c3c5551400e51eb9": "\"vector quantities", "57376828c3c5551400e51eba": "scalar quantities", - "57376828c3c5551400e51ebb": "two forces act on the same object, it is necessary to know both the magnitude and the direction of both forces to calculate the result.", + "57376828c3c5551400e51ebb": "two forces act on the same object", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebc": "ambiguous", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebd": "impossible", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec3": "static equilibrium", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec4": "magnitude and direction", - "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec5": "the resultant (also called the net force", - "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec6": "their respective lines of application must also be specified", - "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec7": "parallelogram", - "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecd": "three-dimensional", - "57376c50c3c5551400e51ece": "two", + "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec5": "net force", + "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec6": "their respective lines of application", + "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec7": "parallelogram rule of vector addition: the addition of two vectors represented by sides of a parallelogram", + "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecd": "independent components", + "57376c50c3c5551400e51ece": "two forces, one pointing north, and one pointing east", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecf": "the original force", - "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed0": "orthogonal components", + "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed0": "orthogonal", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed1": "three-dimensional", - "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed7": "static friction", + "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed7": "frictional surface can result in a situation where the object does not move because the applied force is opposed by static friction", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed8": "static friction", - "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed9": "the applied force", - "57376df3c3c5551400e51eda": "an upper limit", - "57377083c3c5551400e51edf": "forces", - "57377083c3c5551400e51ee0": "spring reaction force", - "57377083c3c5551400e51ee1": "the object's weight", + "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed9": "exactly balances the applied force resulting in no acceleration", + "57376df3c3c5551400e51eda": "upper limit", + "57377083c3c5551400e51edf": "the force of gravity acting on the object balanced by a force applied by the \"spring reaction force\", which equals the object's weight", + "57377083c3c5551400e51ee0": "the force of gravity acting on the object balanced by a force applied by the \"spring reaction force\", which equals the object's weight", + "57377083c3c5551400e51ee1": "weight", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee2": "force of gravity", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee3": "Isaac Newton", "573776eec3c5551400e51ee9": "Galileo", @@ -10443,130 +10443,130 @@ "573776eec3c5551400e51eec": "behind the foot of the mast", "573776eec3c5551400e51eed": "foot of the mast", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef3": "A simple case of dynamic equilibrium", - "57377862c3c5551400e51ef4": "kinetic friction. In such a situation, a force is applied in the direction of motion while the kinetic friction force", + "57377862c3c5551400e51ef4": "kinetic friction force", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef5": "kinetic friction", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef6": "Aristotle", - "57377aac1c45671900574479": "Schr\u00f6dinger equation", - "57377aac1c4567190057447a": "Newtonian equations", + "57377aac1c45671900574479": "Schr\u00f6dinger", + "57377aac1c4567190057447a": "Schr\u00f6dinger", "57377aac1c4567190057447b": "classical position variables", "57377aac1c4567190057447c": "quantized", - "57377aac1c4567190057447d": "force", + "57377aac1c4567190057447d": "quantum mechanics", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efb": "spin", - "57377c98c3c5551400e51efc": "Pauli principle", - "57377c98c3c5551400e51efd": "spin", + "57377c98c3c5551400e51efc": "Pauli", + "57377c98c3c5551400e51efd": "value of the spin", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efe": "symmetric", "57377c98c3c5551400e51eff": "symmetric", - "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f05": "Feynman diagrams", + "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f05": "mathematical by-product", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f06": "force", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f07": "The conservation of momentum", - "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f08": "Feynman diagrams", - "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f09": "straight line", + "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f08": "Feynman", + "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f09": "a straight line", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f0f": "four", - "5737804dc3c5551400e51f10": "nuclear forces", + "5737804dc3c5551400e51f10": "The strong and weak forces are nuclear forces that act only at very short distances, and are responsible for the interactions between subatomic particles", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f11": "The electromagnetic force", - "5737804dc3c5551400e51f12": "masses", + "5737804dc3c5551400e51f12": "between masses", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f13": "Pauli exclusion principle", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f19": "Isaac Newton", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1a": "20th century", - "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1b": "unification models", - "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1c": "self-consistent unification models", + "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1b": "all four fundamental interactions", + "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1c": "self-consistent unification models that would combine all four fundamental interactions into a theory of everything", "573784fa1c45671900574483": "Isaac Newton", "573784fa1c45671900574484": "Galileo", "573784fa1c45671900574485": "9.81 meters per second squared", "573784fa1c45671900574486": "sea level", - "573784fa1c45671900574487": "force of gravity", + "573784fa1c45671900574487": "directly proportional to the object's mass", "573786b51c4567190057448d": "larger distances", "573786b51c4567190057448e": "the Moon", - "573786b51c4567190057448f": "the mass", - "573786b51c45671900574490": "the radius", + "573786b51c4567190057448f": "the mass of the attracting body", + "573786b51c45671900574490": "the mass () and the radius () of the Earth to the gravitational acceleration", "57378862c3c5551400e51f21": "dimensional constant ", "57378862c3c5551400e51f22": "Henry Cavendish", "57378862c3c5551400e51f23": "1798", "57378862c3c5551400e51f24": "Newton", - "5737898f1c45671900574495": "Mercury", + "5737898f1c45671900574495": "Vulcan", "5737898f1c45671900574496": "Vulcan", - "5737898f1c45671900574497": "general relativity", + "5737898f1c45671900574497": "Albert Einstein formulated his theory of general relativity", "5737898f1c45671900574498": "Albert Einstein", "5737898f1c45671900574499": "Albert Einstein", "57378b141c4567190057449f": "general relativity", - "57378b141c456719005744a0": "almost a straight line", + "57378b141c456719005744a0": "the straight line path in space-time is seen as a curved line in space, and it is called the ballistic trajectory", "57378b141c456719005744a1": "gravitational force", - "57378b141c456719005744a2": "global sense", + "57378b141c456719005744a2": "a global sense", "57378c9b1c456719005744a8": "electric current", "57378c9b1c456719005744a9": "unified electromagnetic", "57378c9b1c456719005744a7": "Lorentz's Law", - "57378c9b1c456719005744aa": "Lorentz's Law", + "57378c9b1c456719005744aa": "the electrostatic force (due to the electric field) and the magnetic force", "57378e311c456719005744af": "James Clerk Maxwell", "57378e311c456719005744b0": "1864", "57378e311c456719005744b1": "20", - "57378e311c456719005744b2": "4 vector equations", - "57378e311c456719005744b3": "James Clerk Maxwell", - "573792ee1c456719005744b9": "electromagnetic theory", + "57378e311c456719005744b2": "4", + "57378e311c456719005744b3": "Maxwell", + "573792ee1c456719005744b9": "nonexistence of the ultraviolet catastrophe, proved troublesome", "573792ee1c456719005744ba": "quantum mechanics", "573792ee1c456719005744bb": "quantum electrodynamics", "573792ee1c456719005744bc": "photons", "573792ee1c456719005744bd": "quantum electrodynamics", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f29": "repulsion of like charges", - "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2a": "the Pauli exclusion principle", + "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2a": "Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2b": "energy", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2c": "structural force", "5737958b1c456719005744c3": "repulsion of like charges", - "5737958b1c456719005744c4": "the Pauli exclusion principle", + "5737958b1c456719005744c4": "Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958b1c456719005744c5": "energy", "5737958b1c456719005744c6": "structural force", "573796edc3c5551400e51f33": "elementary particles", "573796edc3c5551400e51f34": "nuclear force", "573796edc3c5551400e51f35": "nuclear force", - "573796edc3c5551400e51f36": "indirectly, transmitted as gluons", + "573796edc3c5551400e51f36": "gluons", "573796edc3c5551400e51f37": "color confinement", - "57379829c3c5551400e51f3d": "beta decay", - "57379829c3c5551400e51f3e": "beta decay", + "57379829c3c5551400e51f3d": "beta decay (of neutrons in atomic nuclei) and the associated radioactivity", + "57379829c3c5551400e51f3e": "beta decay (of neutrons in atomic nuclei) and the associated radioactivity", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3f": "radioactivity", "57379829c3c5551400e51f40": "1013", "57379829c3c5551400e51f41": "1015 kelvins", - "57379a4b1c456719005744cd": "Pauli repulsion", + "57379a4b1c456719005744cd": "normal force", "57379a4b1c456719005744ce": "Pauli repulsion", "57379a4b1c456719005744cf": "fermionic nature of electrons", "57379a4b1c456719005744d0": "normal force", "57379ed81c456719005744d5": "ideal strings", "57379ed81c456719005744d6": "ideal pulleys", "57379ed81c456719005744d7": "instantaneously", - "57379ed81c456719005744d8": "the conservation of mechanical energy", + "57379ed81c456719005744d8": "conservation of mechanical energy", "57379ed81c456719005744d9": "movable pulleys", - "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f47": "three-dimensional objects", - "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f48": "laws", + "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f47": "idealized point particles", + "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f48": "extended structure", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f49": "extended fluids", - "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4a": "other parts", + "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4a": "other parts of an object", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4b": "extended structure", - "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f51": "forces that cause all strains", + "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f51": "deformations", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f52": "stress-tensor", - "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f53": "pressure terms", - "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f54": "This formalism", + "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f53": "pressure", + "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f54": "normal to the cross-sectional area", "5737a4511c456719005744df": "rotation", "5737a4511c456719005744e0": "unbalanced torque", "5737a4511c456719005744e1": "Newton's Second Law of Motion", - "5737a5931c456719005744e7": "the center", - "5737a5931c456719005744e8": "perpendicular", - "5737a5931c456719005744e9": "radial (centripetal) force", - "5737a5931c456719005744ea": "radial (centripetal) force", - "5737a5931c456719005744eb": "force", - "5737a7351c456719005744f1": "kinetic or potential", - "5737a7351c456719005744f2": "potential", + "5737a5931c456719005744e7": "center of the curving path", + "5737a5931c456719005744e8": "perpendicular to the velocity vector", + "5737a5931c456719005744e9": "radial (centripetal) force, which changes its direction", + "5737a5931c456719005744ea": "radial (centripetal) force, which changes its direction", + "5737a5931c456719005744eb": "tangential force", + "5737a7351c456719005744f1": "kinetic or potential forms", + "5737a7351c456719005744f2": "kinetic or potential", "5737a7351c456719005744f3": "net mechanical energy", - "5737a7351c456719005744f4": "difference in potential energy", - "5737a7351c456719005744f5": "an artifact", - "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f59": "forces", + "5737a7351c456719005744f4": "potential energy", + "5737a7351c456719005744f5": "difference in potential energy", + "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f59": "forces as being due to gradient of potentials", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5a": "gradient of potentials", - "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5b": "friction", + "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5b": "friction is caused by the gradients of numerous electrostatic potentials between the atoms", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5c": "other contact forces", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f61": "statistical mechanics", - "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f62": "nonconservative forces", - "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f63": "energies", - "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f64": "Second law of thermodynamics", - "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f65": "nonconservative forces", - "5737aafd1c456719005744fb": "kilogram-force", + "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f62": "internal energies of the system, and are often associated with the transfer of heat", + "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f63": "transfer of heat", + "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f64": "Second", + "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f65": "internal energies of the system, and are often associated with the transfer of heat", + "5737aafd1c456719005744fb": "pound-force", "5737aafd1c456719005744fc": "kilopond", "5737aafd1c456719005744fd": "the metric slug", - "5737aafd1c456719005744fe": "mass", + "5737aafd1c456719005744fe": "the metric slug", "5737aafd1c456719005744ff": "the metric slug" }