{ "56be4db0acb8001400a502ec": " Denver Broncos", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ed": " Carolina Panthers", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ee": " San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ef": " Carolina Panthers", "56be4db0acb8001400a502f0": " gold", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d1": "golden anniversary", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d2": " February 7, 2016", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d3": " American Football Conference", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91b9": "golden anniversary", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91ba": " American Football Conference", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91bb": " February 7, 2016", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91df": " Denver Broncos", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e0": " Levi's Stadium", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e1": " San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e2": "Super Bowl L", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e3": " 2015", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fd": " 2015", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fe": " San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94ff": " Levi's Stadium", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9500": " 50th", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9501": " February 7, 2016", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e8": " 2015", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e9": " Denver Broncos", "56d20362e7d4791d009025ea": " Carolina Panthers", "56d20362e7d4791d009025eb": " Denver Broncos", "56d600e31c85041400946eae": " 2015", "56d600e31c85041400946eb0": " Carolina Panthers", "56d600e31c85041400946eb1": " San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb50e": "Super Bowl 50", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb510": " Denver Broncos", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f6": " Cam Newton", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f9": " eight", "56be4e1facb8001400a502fa": " 1995", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c2": " Arizona Cardinals", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c3": " New England Patriots", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91e9": " Arizona Cardinals", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ea": " New England Patriots", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91eb": " Dallas Cowboys, and Pittsburgh Steelers", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ec": " four", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ed": " Cam Newton", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9507": " 15\u20131", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9508": " Cam Newton", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9509": " 12\u20134", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950a": " four", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950b": " New England Patriots", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f3": " Cam Newton", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f4": " Arizona Cardinals", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f5": " eight", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f6": " Arizona Cardinals", "56d6017d1c85041400946ebe": " Cam Newton", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec1": " Arizona Cardinals", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec2": " Arizona Cardinals", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52a": " Cam Newton", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52b": " Arizona Cardinals", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52e": " 1995", "56be4eafacb8001400a50302": " Newton", "56be4eafacb8001400a50303": " five", "56be4eafacb8001400a50304": " Broncos", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d2": " Von Miller", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d3": " five", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d4": " Newton", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f4": " seven", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f5": " Von Miller", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f6": " three", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f7": " five", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9511": " Von Miller", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9513": " linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9514": " five", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9515": " five", "56d204ade7d4791d00902603": " Von Miller", "56d204ade7d4791d00902604": " five", "56d601e41c85041400946ece": " seven", "56d601e41c85041400946ecf": " three", "56d601e41c85041400946ed0": " a fumble", "56d601e41c85041400946ed1": " Von Miller", "56d601e41c85041400946ed2": " linebacker", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53b": " seven", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53c": " three", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53d": " Von Miller", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53e": " five", "56be5333acb8001400a5030a": "CBS", "56be5333acb8001400a5030b": " $5 million", "56be5333acb8001400a5030c": " Coldplay", "56be5333acb8001400a5030d": " Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56be5333acb8001400a5030e": " Super Bowl XLVII", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fd": "CBS", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fe": " $5 million", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91ff": " Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9200": " Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9201": " Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951b": "CBS", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951c": " $5 million", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951e": " Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951f": " third", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902608": "CBS", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902609": " $5 million", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260a": " Coldplay", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260b": " Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d602631c85041400946ed8": "CBS", "56d602631c85041400946eda": " Coldplay", "56d602631c85041400946edb": " Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d602631c85041400946edc": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb544": " $5 million", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb545": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb546": " Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb548": " Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56be53b8acb8001400a50314": " Roger Goodell", "56be53b8acb8001400a50315": " 50th", "56be53b8acb8001400a50316": " 2012", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9207": " Roger Goodell", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9208": " 2012", "56bf42f53aeaaa14008c95a3": " Roger Goodell", "56d2053ae7d4791d00902610": " Roger Goodell", "56d6edd00d65d21400198250": " Roger Goodell", "56d6edd00d65d21400198251": "spectacular", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54e": "spectacular", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54f": " 2012", "56be5438acb8001400a5031a": " Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56be5438acb8001400a5031b": " New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56be5438acb8001400a5031c": " New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920b": " Sun Life Stadium", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920d": " Levi's Stadium", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9580": " Levi's Stadium", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9581": " Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9582": " Sun Life Stadium", "56d20564e7d4791d00902612": " New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198254": " three", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198255": " New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198256": " Sun Life Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198257": " San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198258": " Levi's Stadium", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb552": " San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb553": " Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb554": " Levi's Stadium", "56be54bdacb8001400a50322": " October 16, 2012", "56be54bdacb8001400a50323": " 10", "56be54bdacb8001400a50324": " Super Bowl XLIV", "56be54bdacb8001400a50325": " 2010", "56be54bdacb8001400a50326": " 1985", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921b": " Sun Life Stadium", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921c": " October 16, 2012", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921d": " Stanford Stadium", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921e": " May 3, 2013", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921f": " 2010", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9525": " 10 times (tied for most with New Orleans), with the most recent one being Super Bowl XLIV in 2010", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9526": " Super Bowl XLIV", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9528": " two", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9529": " Florida legislature", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198260": " 1985", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198262": " New Orleans", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb558": " May 3, 2013", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb559": " 10", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55a": " New Orleans", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55b": " 1985", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55c": " Florida legislature", "56be5523acb8001400a5032c": " May 21, 2013", "56be5523acb8001400a5032d": " NFL owners", "56be5523acb8001400a5032e": " 2014", "56be5523acb8001400a5032f": " $1.2 billion", "56be5523acb8001400a50330": " San Diego", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9225": " Boston", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9226": " May 21, 2013", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9227": " $1.2 billion", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9228": " XXXVII", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9229": " San Diego", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c952f": " 2013", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9530": " 2014", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9531": " $1.2 billion", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9532": " 1985", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9533": " Super Bowl XIX", "56d6f0770d65d21400198268": " 1985", "56d6f0770d65d21400198269": " 2014", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826a": " 2003", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826c": " Boston", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb562": " May 21, 2013", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb563": " 2014", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb564": " $1.2 billion", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb565": " 2003", "56be572b3aeaaa14008c9052": " John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c922f": " ten", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9230": " six", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9231": " Carolina Panthers", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9232": " Super Bowl 50", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9233": " John Fox", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c9539": " four", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953a": " ten", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953c": " Super Bowl XXXVIII", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953d": " six", "56d6f1190d65d21400198272": " The Carolina Panthers became one of only ten teams to have completed a regular season with only one loss, and one of only six", "56d6f1190d65d21400198273": " Carolina Panthers", "56d6f1190d65d21400198274": " prior to Super Bowl 50", "56d6f1190d65d21400198275": " prior to Super Bowl 50", "56d6f1190d65d21400198276": " six", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56c": " one loss, and one of only six", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56d": " six", "56d99179dc89441400fdb570": " John Fox", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9058": " DeAngelo Williams", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9059": " Kelvin Benjamin", "56be59683aeaaa14008c905a": " seventh", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923d": " 1978", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923e": " Carolina Panthers", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923f": " Ten players were selected to the Pro Bowl (the most in franchise history) along with eight", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9240": " Ten players were selected to the Pro Bowl (the most in franchise history) along with eight", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9241": " DeAngelo Williams", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9543": " 1978", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9544": " 2009", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9545": " 2009", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9547": " torn ACL", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827c": " Kelvin Benjamin", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827d": " DeAngelo Williams", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827e": " 1978", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827f": " Ten", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb576": " Carolina Panthers", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb577": " 1978", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb578": " Carolina Panthers", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb57a": " Ten", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9247": " six", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9248": " 45", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9249": " 45", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924a": " 27", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924b": " Greg Olsen", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960b": " 45", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960c": " 99.4", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960d": " 77", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960e": " rookie", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960f": " Jonathan Stewart", "56d6f2960d65d21400198286": " six", "56d6f2960d65d21400198287": " Cam Newton", "56d6f2960d65d21400198288": " 3,837", "56d6f2960d65d21400198289": " 45", "56d6f2960d65d2140019828a": " 989", "56d997cddc89441400fdb586": "500", "56d997cddc89441400fdb587": " 3,837", "56d997cddc89441400fdb588": " 45", "56d997cddc89441400fdb589": " 99.4", "56d997cddc89441400fdb58a": "39", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925b": " 308", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925c": " 136", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925d": "118", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925e": " four", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925f": " Josh Norman", "56d6f3500d65d21400198290": " 24", "56d6f3500d65d21400198291": " Kawann Short", "56d6f3500d65d21400198292": " four", "56d6f3500d65d21400198293": " three", "56d6f3500d65d21400198294": " Mario Addison", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59c": " 24", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59e": " Jared Allen", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59f": " Jared Allen", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb5a0": " four", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9265": " John Fox", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9266": " Brock Osweiler", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9267": " Indianapolis Colts", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9268": " San Diego Chargers", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9269": " Wade Phillips", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954d": " four", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954e": " Gary Kubiak", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954f": " Indianapolis Colts", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9550": " 39", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9551": " partial tear of the plantar fasciitis in his left foot", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829a": " Gary Kubiak", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829b": " Peyton Manning", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829c": " plantar fasciitis", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829d": " 39", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829e": " 13", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c8": " John Fox", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c9": " Peyton Manning", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5ca": " John Fox", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cb": " plantar fasciitis", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cc": " Wade Phillips", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c9279": " 67.9", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927a": " 2,249", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927b": " Ronnie Hillman", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927c": " Ronnie Hillman", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927d": " 2,249", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956b": " 67.9", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956c": " 2,249 yards", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956d": " 67", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956e": " Demaryius Thomas led the team with 105 receptions for 1,304 yards and six touchdowns, while Emmanuel Sanders", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956f": " Veteran receiver", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a4": " 67.9", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a5": " 17", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a6": " Demaryius Thomas", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a7": " 2,249", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d6": " 67.9", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d7": " 17", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d8": " Emmanuel Sanders", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d9": " C. J. Anderson", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5da": " 720", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928d": "4,530", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928e": " 5\u00bd", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9290": " Danny Trevathan", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9291": "three", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9588": " Linebacker", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9589": " Linebacker", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c958b": " Defensive ends", "56d6fea90d65d214001982ae": "296", "56d6fea90d65d214001982af": " Von Miller", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b0": " Von Miller", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b2": "three", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5fd": " Von Miller", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5ff": " Danny Trevathan", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb600": " Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a1": " Seattle Seahawks", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a2": " Arizona Cardinals", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a3": " 487", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a4": " 487", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a5": " 31\u20130", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c9559": " Arizona Cardinals", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955a": " 487", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955b": " 48", "56d701280d65d214001982b8": " Seattle Seahawks", "56d701280d65d214001982ba": " Arizona Cardinals", "56d701280d65d214001982bc": " seven", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb616": " Seattle Seahawks", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb618": " 487", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb619": " Seattle Seahawks", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb61a": " 487", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ab": " Pittsburgh Steelers", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ac": " 11", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ad": " New England Patriots", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ae": " 20\u201318", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92af": " 17 seconds", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9561": " Pittsburgh Steelers", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9562": " 11 points", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9563": " New England Patriots", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9564": " 17", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9565": " Manning", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c2": " Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c3": " 11", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c5": " Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb628": " New England Patriots", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb629": " New England Patriots", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb62c": " 17", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b5": " Thomas Davis", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b6": " a broken arm", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b7": " three", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b8": " 11", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9575": " ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9576": " arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9577": " 11", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9579": " Super Bowl", "56d703d10d65d214001982d6": " three", "56d703d10d65d214001982d7": " a broken arm", "56d703d10d65d214001982d8": " 11", "56d9a026dc89441400fdb632": " Thomas Davis", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bd": " 39", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92be": " John Elway", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bf": " 38", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c0": " Executive Vice President of Football Operations and General Manager", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c1": " Broncos", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9591": " Broncos", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9592": " John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9593": " 38", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9594": " John Elway", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9595": " two", "56d704430d65d214001982de": " two", "56d704430d65d214001982e0": "Peyton Manning", "56d704430d65d214001982e1": " 39", "56d704430d65d214001982e2": " Super Bowl XXXIII", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63e": "Peyton Manning", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63f": " 39", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb640": "Peyton Manning", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c7": " 1998", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c8": " 2011", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c9": " 26", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92ca": " 39, Newton was 26", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92cb": " Newton", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959b": " Manning", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959c": " Newton", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959d": " 26", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959e": " first", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fc": " 1998", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fd": " 2011", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fe": " Newton", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb647": " 2011", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb648": " 26", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb649": " 13 years and 48 days", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92db": " XX", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dc": " Chicago Bears", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dd": " linebacker", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92de": " Elway", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92df": " Chicago Bears", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9615": " linebacker", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9617": " Elway", "56d709ef0d65d21400198306": " Kubiak", "56d709ef0d65d21400198307": " XX", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e5": " Justin Tucker", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e6": " Bermuda 419 turf", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e7": " Ed Mangan", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e8": " Baltimore Ravens", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e9": " kicker", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a5": " Justin Tucker", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a6": " kicker", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a7": " Bermuda 419 turf", "56d70adc0d65d21400198311": " Justin Tucker", "56d70adc0d65d21400198312": " re-sodded the field with a new playing surface", "56d70adc0d65d21400198313": " Bermuda 419 turf", "56d70adc0d65d21400198314": " cleats", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb678": " Justin Tucker", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb679": " natural grass", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92f9": " Broncos", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fa": " 34\u201319", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fb": " Atlanta Falcons", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fc": " blue", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fd": " Super Bowl XXXIII", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ab": " Super Bowl XXXIII", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ac": " 34\u201319", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ae": " Atlanta Falcons", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95af": " blue", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831d": " blue", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831f": " Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb697": " Super Bowl XXXIII", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb698": " blue", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb699": " orange", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb69a": " blue", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9303": " San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9304": " Stanford University", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9305": " San Jose", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9306": " San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b5": " San Jose Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b6": " San Jose Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b7": " San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b8": " Stanford University", "56d70d240d65d21400198326": " San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198327": " San Jose Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198328": " Stanford University", "56d70d240d65d21400198329": " Santa Clara Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a0": " San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a1": " San Jose Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a2": " Stanford University", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a3": " Santa Clara Marriott", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9315": " June 4, 2014", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9316": " Super Bowl V", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9317": " Jaime Weston", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9318": " Super Bowl XLV", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9319": " Vince Lombardi", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95bd": " 2014", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95be": " Super Bowl LI", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c0": " Super Bowl L", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c1": " gold", "56d70daa0d65d21400198332": " June 4, 2014", "56d70daa0d65d21400198333": " Arabic", "56d70daa0d65d21400198334": "L", "56d70daa0d65d21400198335": " gold", "56d70daa0d65d21400198336": " Super Bowl LI", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6a8": " Arabic", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6ab": " Super Bowl 50", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c931f": " gold", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9320": " week 7", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9321": " 50-yard line", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c7": " gold", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c8": " gold", "56d70e570d65d2140019833c": "Golden Super Bowl", "56d70e570d65d2140019833e": " Gold footballs", "56d70e570d65d2140019833f": " 50-yard line", "56d9b01fdc89441400fdb6d4": " gold", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9325": " Moscone Center", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9326": " San Francisco", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9327": " Ed Lee", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9328": " Jane Kim", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9329": " January 30", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cb": " 1 million", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cc": " Ed Lee", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cd": " Moscone Center", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95ce": " NFL Experience", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834c": " Moscone Center in San Francisco", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834d": "Super Bowl City\"", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834f": " Ed Lee", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ec": "Super Bowl City\"", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ed": " More than 1 million", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ee": " Ed Lee", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ef": " $5 million", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6f0": " NFL Experience", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c932f": " Santa Clara University", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9330": " $2 million", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9331": " week", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d3": " $2 million", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d4": " pep rally. A professional fundraiser", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d5": " the city council", "56d714cd0d65d21400198356": " Bellomy Field", "56d714cd0d65d21400198358": " professional fundraiser", "56d714cd0d65d21400198359": " the city council", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb700": " $2 million", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb701": " professional fundraiser will aid in finding business sponsors and individual donors, but still may need the city council", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9335": " February 1, 2016", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9336": " Tuesday", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9337": " SAP Center", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9338": " San Jose", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9339": " Golden Gate Bridge", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95d9": " Tuesday", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95da": " Tuesday", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95db": " Super Bowl Opening Night", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dc": " SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dd": " San Jose", "56d71bd80d65d2140019835e": " Tuesday afternoon", "56d71bd80d65d21400198360": " Super Bowl Opening Night", "56d71bd80d65d21400198361": " SAP Center", "56d71bd80d65d21400198362": " Golden Gate Bridge", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb708": " Monday evening", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb709": " Super Bowl Opening Night", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70a": " SAP Center", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70b": " Golden Gate Bridge", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70c": " February 1, 2016", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c933f": " Super Bowl 50 Host Committee", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9340": " over $40 million", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9341": " Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9342": " Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9343": " Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e3": " the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e4": " over $40 million", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e5": " sponsors", "56d71cb60d65d21400198368": " Business Connect", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb720": " Business Connect", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb721": " over $40 million", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c9349": " 25 percent", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c934a": " Super Bowl 50 Host Committee", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95e9": " 25 percent", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95ea": " 50 fund", "56d71d150d65d2140019836e": " giving", "56d71d150d65d2140019836f": " 25 percent", "56d71d150d65d21400198370": " Super Bowl 50 Host Committee", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb72f": " 25 percent", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb730": "The Super Bowl 50 Host Committee", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934d": " Vince Lombardi", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934e": " 18", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934f": " 18-karat gold", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9350": " Tiffany & Co.", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9351": " Tiffany & Co.", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ed": " Vince Lombardi Trophy", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ef": " 18-karat gold", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95f1": " Tiffany & Co.", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198374": " Vince Lombardi Trophy", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198377": " Tiffany & Co.", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9357": " CBS", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9358": " Phil Simms", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9359": " Tracy Wolfson", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935a": " 36", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935b": " 5K", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f7": " three", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f8": " the sidelines", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f9": " 360-degree", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fa": " 5K", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fb": " the sidelines", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837c": " CBS", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837d": " three", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb740": " CBS", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb741": " Tracy Wolfson and Evan Washburn", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb742": " Tracy Wolfson and Evan Washburn", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb743": " 5K", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb744": " the cameras were upgraded to 5K resolution", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9361": " ESPN Deportes", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9362": " John Sutcliffe", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9363": " Alvaro Martin", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9364": " December 28, 2015", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9365": " Spanish", "56bf6d343aeaaa14008c961b": " CBS", "56d71fc00d65d21400198386": " ESPN Deportes", "56d71fc00d65d21400198389": " John Sutcliffe", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb754": " CBS", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb757": " Alvaro Martin and Raul Allegre", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb758": " John Sutcliffe", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9371": " NFL Mobile service", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9372": " Spanish", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9373": " CBSSports.com", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9374": " tablets", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9375": " Windows 10", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c961f": " CBSSports.com", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9620": " smartphones", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9621": " Verizon Wireless", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9622": " NFL Mobile service. The ESPN Deportes", "56d7205e0d65d21400198391": " Verizon Wireless", "56d7205e0d65d21400198392": " NFL Mobile service", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75e": " digital streams", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75f": " Verizon Wireless", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb760": " WatchESPN", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937b": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937c": " The Late Late Show with James Corden", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9631": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9632": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56d720c70d65d21400198396": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56d720c70d65d21400198397": " Super Bowl 50", "56d720c70d65d21400198398": " CBS also aired a special episode of The Late Late Show with James Corden", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c9389": " $5,000,000", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938a": " Anheuser-Busch InBev", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938b": " Doritos", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938c": " 20th", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9635": " $5,000,000", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9637": " Anheuser-Busch InBev", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9638": " Doritos", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9639": " Nintendo and The Pok\u00e9mon Company", "56d721af0d65d2140019839e": " The Pok\u00e9mon Company", "56d721af0d65d2140019839f": " Anheuser-Busch InBev", "56d721af0d65d214001983a0": " Anheuser-Busch InBev", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb768": " Anheuser-Busch InBev", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb769": " Anheuser-Busch InBev", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb76a": "Crash the Super Bowl", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9397": "Small Business Big Game", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9398": " Death Wish Coffee", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9399": " 30-second", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c939a": " nine", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c963f": " Death Wish Coffee", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c9640": " nine", "56d722330d65d214001983a6": "QuickBooks", "56d722330d65d214001983a7": " Death Wish Coffee", "56d722330d65d214001983a8": " nine", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb770": "QuickBooks sponsored a \"Small Business Big Game\" contest, in which Death Wish Coffee", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb771": " Death Wish Coffee", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93a9": " Jason Bourne and Disney paid for Captain America: Civil War, The Jungle Book and Alice Through the Looking Glass", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93aa": "20th Century Fox", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ab": " The Secret Life of Pets", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ac": " Resurgence", "56d723560d65d214001983ac": " movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl. Fox paid for Deadpool", "56d723560d65d214001983ad": " The Secret Life of Pets", "56d723560d65d214001983ae": " Jason Bourne", "56d723560d65d214001983af": " Captain America: Civil War", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77b": " Deadpool", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77c": "20th Century Fox", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77d": "20th Century Fox", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b1": "Westwood One", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b2": " Kevin Harlan", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b3": " Jim Gray", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b4": " Boomer Esiason", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b5": " James Lofton", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9655": "Westwood One", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9656": " Jim Gray", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b4": "Westwood One", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b5": " Kevin Harlan", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b8": " Jim Gray", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78e": " Kevin Harlan", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78f": " Kevin Harlan as play-by-play announcer, Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb790": " Kevin Harlan as play-by-play announcer, Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb791": " pre-game and halftime coverage", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb792": " North America", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93cf": " KOA (850 AM) and KRFX", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d0": " Dave Logan", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d1": "1110 AM", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d2": " Chester, South Carolina", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d3": " Mick Mixon on play-by-play and Eugene Robinson", "56d724620d65d214001983be": " Dave Logan", "56d724620d65d214001983bf": " Dave Logan", "56d724620d65d214001983c0": " WBT (1110 AM)", "56d724620d65d214001983c1": " Mick Mixon on play-by-play and Eugene Robinson", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a0": " KOA (850 AM) and KRFX (103.5 FM)", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a3": " WBT (1110 AM)", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e3": " BBC Radio 5 Live", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e4": " 5 Live Sports", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e5": " Darren Fletcher", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c8": " BBC Radio 5", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c9": " Greg Brady", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93e9": " Bart Starr", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ea": " Peyton Manning", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93eb": " Bart Starr", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ec": " 2001", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ed": " Peyton Manning", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cc": " 39", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cd": " Peyton Manning", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cf": " Harvey Martin", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b4": " 39 of the 43", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b5": " 39 of the 43", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b6": " Bart Starr", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b7": " Bart Starr", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b8": " Harvey Martin", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fd": "Six", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fe": " national anthem", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93ff": " Academy Award", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9400": " American Sign Language", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9401": " American Sign Language", "56d20650e7d4791d00902614": " Lady Gaga", "56d20650e7d4791d00902615": " Marlee Matlin", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d4": " Lady Gaga", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d5": " Marlee Matlin", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c4": " Lady Gaga", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c5": "Six", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c6": " Marlee Matlin", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940d": " December 3", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940e": " British", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940f": " XLVII", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9410": "Hymn for the Weekend", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9411": " Super Bowl XLVIII", "56d725790d65d214001983d8": " Coldplay", "56d725790d65d214001983da": " Pepsi", "56d725790d65d214001983db": "Hymn for the Weekend", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d0": " Coldplay", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d1": " Beyonc\u00e9", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d2": "Hymn for the Weekend", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d3": " Bruno Mars", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9417": " Panthers", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9418": " Andre Caldwell", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9419": " Ronnie Hillman", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941a": " Thomas Davis", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941b": " Thomas Davis", "56d728a10d65d21400198413": " 18", "56d728a10d65d21400198414": " Shaq Thompson", "56d728a10d65d21400198415": " Thomas Davis", "56d728a10d65d21400198416": " deficit", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d8": " Panthers", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d9": " Owen Daniels", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7da": " Owen Daniels and a 22-yard throw to receiver Andre Caldwell", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7db": " Thomas Davis", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7dc": " a deficit", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942b": " Mike Carey", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942c": " Cam Newton", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942d": " Von Miller", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942e": " Malik Jackson", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942f": " Super Bowl XXVIII", "56d728e00d65d2140019841c": " Jerricho Cotchery", "56d728e00d65d2140019841d": " Mike Carey", "56d728e00d65d2140019841e": " Malik Jackson", "56d728e00d65d2140019841f": " Malik Jackson", "56d728e00d65d21400198420": " 1993", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e7": " Mike Carey", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e8": " Von Miller", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e9": " Malik Jackson", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7ea": " 1993 season", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9435": " Jonathan Stewart", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9436": " Jonathan Stewart", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9437": " 28", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9438": " 61", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9439": " 33", "56d729180d65d21400198426": " 51", "56d729180d65d21400198427": " Jonathan Stewart", "56d729180d65d21400198428": " 11:28 left", "56d729180d65d21400198429": " Mario Addison", "56d729180d65d2140019842a": " 11", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f0": " Jonathan Stewart", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f4": " 10\u20137", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9445": " Darian Stewart", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9446": " fullback", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9447": " Kony Ealy", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9448": " DeMarcus Ware", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9449": " DeMarcus Ware", "56d729ec0d65d21400198430": " Mike Tolbert", "56d729ec0d65d21400198431": " Kony Ealy", "56d729ec0d65d21400198432": " 19 yards", "56d729ec0d65d21400198434": " DeMarcus Ware", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb804": " Mike Tolbert", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb805": " Danny Trevathan", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb806": " Kony Ealy", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb807": " drove to the Broncos 45-yard line. But with 11 seconds left, Newton was sacked by DeMarcus Ware as time expired", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb808": " DeMarcus Ware", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9455": " Ted Ginn Jr", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9456": " Graham Gano", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9457": " 45", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9458": " Graham Gano", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9459": " Trevathan", "56d7282f0d65d21400198408": " Ted Ginn Jr.", "56d7282f0d65d21400198409": " uprights", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840a": " T. J. Ward", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840c": " Trevathan", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80e": " Corey Brown", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80f": " 26-yard line", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb810": " Graham Gano", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb811": " Emmanuel Sanders", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c945f": " Devin Funchess", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9460": " 39", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9461": " Devin Funchess", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9462": " Stewart", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e0": " 41-yard", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e1": " Ealy", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e2": " Carolina on the 50-yard line", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e4": " punts", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb820": " Devin Funchess", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb821": " 41", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb822": " 39", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb823": " three", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946d": " 24-yard", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946e": " Miller stripped the ball away from Newton", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946f": " Josh Norman", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9470": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9471": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d726b60d65d214001983ea": " Miller", "56d726b60d65d214001983eb": " Ward", "56d726b60d65d214001983ec": " Ward, who returned it five yards to the Panthers 4-yard line. Although several players dove into the pile to attempt to recover it, Newton", "56d726b60d65d214001983ed": " Josh Norman", "56d726b60d65d214001983ee": " 3:08 left", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb832": " 4:51", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb833": " Miller", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb834": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb835": " three", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb836": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9481": " six", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9482": " 13 of 23 for 141", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9483": " four", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9484": " Luke Kuechly", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9485": " 18", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f4": " 13 of 23 for 141", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f5": " 13 of 23 for 141", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f6": " Anderson", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f7": " Sanders", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f8": " Luke Kuechly", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb842": " Ealy", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb843": " Ealy", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb844": " 11", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb845": " 18", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb846": " four", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948b": "315", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948c": "21 to 11", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948d": " Baltimore Ravens", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948e": " Jordan Norwood", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948f": " Gary Kubiak", "56d7277c0d65d214001983fe": "315", "56d7277c0d65d214001983ff": "21 to 11", "56d7277c0d65d21400198401": " Chicago Bears", "56d7277c0d65d21400198402": " Carolina", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84c": "21 to 11", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84d": "21 to 11", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84e": " Denver", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84f": " Chicago Bears", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb850": " two", "5733a5f54776f41900660f45": " Nobel Prize", "5733a5f54776f41900660f48": " 1745", "5733a5f54776f41900660f44": " Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie", "5733a5f54776f41900660f46": " Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie", "5733a5f54776f41900660f47": " seven months", "57336755d058e614000b5a3d": " 100", "57336755d058e614000b5a3f": " Krasi\u0144ski Palace Garden", "57336755d058e614000b5a3c": "The Saxon Garden", "57336755d058e614000b5a3e": " east", "57336755d058e614000b5a40": " Monument of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising is also situated here. The \u0141azienki Park", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbb": "9 miles", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbc": " otter, beaver and hundreds of bird species", "57337ddc4776f41900660bba": " 13", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbd": " 13", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbe": " to clean them of plants and sediments", "57337ea24776f41900660bd0": "Demographically", "57337ea24776f41900660bd3": " 1,178,914", "57337ea24776f41900660bd2": " 34%", "57337ea24776f41900660bd1": " foreign-born inhabitants", "57337ea24776f41900660bd4": " internal migration and urbanisation", "57339555d058e614000b5df4": " Krak\u00f3w. Warsaw University of Technology", "57339555d058e614000b5df5": " 2,000", "57339555d058e614000b5df6": " Medical University of Warsaw", "57339555d058e614000b5df3": " 1816", "57339555d058e614000b5df7": " Warsaw School of Economics", "57339902d058e614000b5e70": " 1816", "57339902d058e614000b5e71": " over two million", "57339902d058e614000b5e72": " architects", "57339902d058e614000b5e73": " Irena Bajerska", "57339902d058e614000b5e74": " 5,111 m2", "573399b54776f41900660e64": " infrastructure", "573399b54776f41900660e65": " Three-Year Plan", "573399b54776f41900660e66": " solid economic growth", "573399b54776f41900660e67": " improved markedly", "57339a554776f41900660e74": " Warsaw", "57339a554776f41900660e75": " Children's Memorial Health Institute", "57339a554776f41900660e76": " Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Institute of Oncology", "57339a554776f41900660e77": " 700", "57339a554776f41900660e78": " developed", "57339ad74776f41900660e86": " musical venues", "57339ad74776f41900660e87": " events and festivals", "57339ad74776f41900660e88": " Palace of Culture and Science, Warsaw", "57339ad74776f41900660e89": " Warsaw", "57339ad74776f41900660e8a": " International Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin Piano Competition, the International Contemporary Music Festival Warsaw Autumn, the Jazz Jamboree", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec5": " Ogr\u00f3d Saski", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec6": " Ogr\u00f3d Saski", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec7": " 1870 to 1939", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec8": " Summer Theatre", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec9": " Wojciech Bogus\u0142awski Theatre", "57339dd94776f41900660ecc": " Wianki", "57339dd94776f41900660ecd": " thousands", "57339dd94776f41900660ece": " every year. Gatherings of thousands of people on the banks of the Vistula on Midsummer\u2019s Night", "57339dd94776f41900660ecf": " when they would be married", "57339dd94776f41900660ed0": " fern", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef6": " art posters", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef7": " 60", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef8": " best collections of paintings", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef9": " works whose origin ranges in time from antiquity till the present epoch", "57339eb9d058e614000b5efa": " arms", "5733a1854776f41900660f0a": " the Warsaw Uprising Museum", "5733a1854776f41900660f0b": " Warsaw Uprising Museum", "5733a1854776f41900660f0c": " stereoscopic", "5733a1854776f41900660f0d": " Warsaw Uprising Museum", "5733a1854776f41900660f0e": " 60", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f28": " Royal Ujazd\u00f3w Castle", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f29": " 500", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2a": " Zach\u0119ta National Gallery of Art", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2b": " Polish and international artists", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2c": " September", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f32": " Polonia Warsaw", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f33": " 1946", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f34": " twice", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f35": " Konwiktorska Street", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f36": " their disastrous financial situation", "5733a45d4776f41900660f23": " coat of arms", "5733a45d4776f41900660f24": " mermaid", "5733a45d4776f41900660f25": " since at least the mid-14th century", "5733a45d4776f41900660f26": " 1390", "5733a45d4776f41900660f27": " a sword", "5733a560d058e614000b5f77": " long ago two of Triton's daughters set out on a journey through the depths of the oceans", "5733a560d058e614000b5f78": " the depths of the oceans", "5733a560d058e614000b5f79": " Denmark", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7a": " Warszowa", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7b": " he followed the fishermen", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f58": " Warsaw", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f59": " 1916", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5a": " Art Deco style", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5b": " poet", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5c": " Isaac Bashevis Singer", "573312fcd058e614000b56e6": " Economist Intelligence Unit", "573312fcd058e614000b56e7": " 2012", "573312fcd058e614000b56e8": " FMCG manufacturing, metal processing, steel and electronic manufacturing and food processing", "573312fcd058e614000b56e9": " Warsaw Stock Exchange", "573312fcd058e614000b56ea": " Frontex", "5733140a4776f419006606e0": " 1313", "5733140a4776f419006606e1": " Krak\u00f3w", "5733140a4776f419006606e2": " 1596", "5733140a4776f419006606e3": " King Sigismund III Vasa", "5733140a4776f419006606e4": " it has survived many wars, conflicts and invasions throughout its long history", "573314e3d058e614000b56f0": " Roman Catholic", "573314e3d058e614000b56f1": " Polish Academy of Sciences", "573314e3d058e614000b56f2": " UNESCO World Heritage Site", "573314e3d058e614000b56f3": " richness of colour", "573314e3d058e614000b56f4": " luxurious parks and royal gardens", "57332442d058e614000b5720": " Warszawa", "57332442d058e614000b5721": "belonging", "57332442d058e614000b5722": " a shortened form of the masculine name of Slavic origin Warcis\u0142aw", "57332442d058e614000b5723": " village located at the modern-day site of Mariensztat neighbourhood", "57332442d058e614000b5724": " miasto sto\u0142eczne Warszawa", "57332562d058e614000b5730": " Jazd\u00f3w", "57332562d058e614000b5731": " Prince of P\u0142ock, Boles\u0142aw II", "57332562d058e614000b5732": " 1300", "57332562d058e614000b5733": " 1413", "57332562d058e614000b5734": " 1526", "5733266d4776f41900660712": " General Sejm", "5733266d4776f41900660713": " 1569", "5733266d4776f41900660714": " religious freedom in the Polish\u2013Lithuanian Commonwealth", "5733266d4776f41900660715": " central location between the Commonwealth's capitals", "5733266d4776f41900660716": " 1596", "57332a734776f41900660726": " 1796", "57332a734776f41900660727": " Kingdom of Prussia", "57332a734776f41900660728": " Napoleon's army", "57332a734776f41900660729": " 1796", "57332a734776f4190066072a": " 1816", "57332b66d058e614000b5758": " 4 August 1915", "57332b66d058e614000b5759": " areas controlled by Russia", "57332b66d058e614000b575a": " Pi\u0142sudski", "57332b66d058e614000b575b": " 1920", "57332b66d058e614000b575c": " the capital was successfully defended and the Red Army", "57332c1e4776f4190066073a": " 1 September 1939", "57332c1e4776f4190066073b": " German Nazi colonial administration", "57332c1e4776f4190066073c": " 30%", "57332c1e4776f4190066073d": " 19 April 1943", "57332c1e4776f4190066073e": " almost a month", "57332e48d058e614000b5762": " Red Army", "57332e48d058e614000b5763": " try to seize control of Warsaw from the Germans", "57332e48d058e614000b5764": " 1 August 1944", "57332e48d058e614000b5765": " 48 hours", "57332e48d058e614000b5766": " between 150,000 and 200,000", "57332f81d058e614000b5776": "Bricks for Warsaw\" campaign", "57332f81d058e614000b5777": " prefabricated", "57332f81d058e614000b5778": " Eastern Bloc city", "57332f81d058e614000b5779": " Palace of Culture", "57332f81d058e614000b577a": " UNESCO's World Heritage list", "573330444776f41900660758": "John Paul II", "573330444776f41900660759": " solidarity movement and encouraged the growing anti-communist fervor", "573330444776f4190066075a": " less than a year", "573330444776f4190066075b": " Victory Square", "573330444776f4190066075c": " the incentive", "5733314e4776f4190066076a": " 300", "5733314e4776f4190066076b": " 300 km (190 mi) from the Carpathian Mountains and about 260 km (160 mi) from the Baltic Sea, 523", "5733314e4776f4190066076c": " Vistula River", "5733314e4776f4190066076d": " 115.7 metres", "5733314e4776f4190066076e": " a height 75.6 metres (248.0 ft) (at the right bank of the Vistula", "57335c20d058e614000b58f9": " two", "57335c20d058e614000b58fa": " Vistula Valley", "57335c20d058e614000b58fc": " the moraine plateau", "57335c20d058e614000b58fb": " Vistula Valley with its asymmetrical pattern of different terraces. The Vistula River", "57335c20d058e614000b58fd": " Warsaw Escarpment", "57335ddbd058e614000b592f": "The plain moraine plateau", "57335ddbd058e614000b5930": " former flooded terraces", "57335ddbd058e614000b5931": " valleys and ground depressions", "57335ddbd058e614000b5932": " parted by peat swamps", "57335ddbd058e614000b5933": "pine forest", "57335fcad058e614000b5970": " the turbulent history of the city and country", "57335fcad058e614000b5971": " During the Second World War", "57335fcad058e614000b5972": " During the Second World War", "57335fcad058e614000b5973": " Leopold Kronenberg Palace", "57335fcad058e614000b5974": " Eastern bloc", "573361404776f4190066093c": "Gothic", "573361404776f4190066093d": "14th century", "573361404776f4190066093e": " Masovian gothic style", "573361404776f4190066093f": " Renaissance", "573361404776f41900660940": " mannerist architecture", "573362b94776f41900660974": " 17th century", "573362b94776f41900660975": "1688\u20131692", "573362b94776f41900660976": " rococo", "573362b94776f41900660977": " neoclassical architecture", "573362b94776f41900660978": " 1775\u20131795", "5733638fd058e614000b59e8": " bourgeois architecture", "5733638fd058e614000b59e9": " they were rebuilt in socialist realism style", "5733638fd058e614000b59ea": " socialist realism", "5733638fd058e614000b59eb": " Warsaw University of Technology building", "5733638fd058e614000b59ec": " the most distinctive", "5733647e4776f419006609ae": " Warsaw Uprising Monument", "5733647e4776f419006609af": " Pawiak", "5733647e4776f419006609b0": " Warsaw Citadel", "5733647e4776f419006609b1": " the children who served as messengers and frontline troops in the Warsaw Uprising", "5733647e4776f419006609b2": " Warsaw Uprising Monument", "573368044776f41900660a29": " green", "573368044776f41900660a2a": " New Orangery", "573368044776f41900660a2b": " New Orangery", "573368044776f41900660a2c": " Park Ujazdowski", "573368044776f41900660a2d": " 1865\u20131871", "573368e54776f41900660a53": " the location of Warsaw within the border region", "573368e54776f41900660a54": " the borders of Warsaw", "573368e54776f41900660a55": " Masovian Primeval Forest", "573368e54776f41900660a56": " Bielany Forest", "573368e54776f41900660a57": " two", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcb": " 1,300,000", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcc": " 420,000", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcd": "1951", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bce": " better only because they lived in the capital", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcf": " residency registration", "57338007d058e614000b5bda": " multi-cultural", "57338007d058e614000b5bdb": " 56.2%", "57338007d058e614000b5bdc": " 56.2%", "57338007d058e614000b5bdd": " 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8%", "57338007d058e614000b5bde": " the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944", "573380e0d058e614000b5be9": " a commune", "573380e0d058e614000b5bea": " counties or powiats", "573380e0d058e614000b5beb": " Krak\u00f3w do not have entitlements of powiat, so the registration numbers in Krak\u00f3w", "57338160d058e614000b5bf9": " unicameral Warsaw City Council", "57338160d058e614000b5bfa": " 60", "57338160d058e614000b5bfb": " every four years", "57338160d058e614000b5bfc": " committees", "57338160d058e614000b5bfd": " 30", "57338255d058e614000b5c0d": " President", "57338255d058e614000b5c0e": " Jan Andrzej", "57338255d058e614000b5c0f": "1695\u20131696", "57338255d058e614000b5c10": " the City council", "57338255d058e614000b5c11": " Centrum", "573382d24776f41900660c37": "\u015ar\u00f3dmie\u015bcie", "573382d24776f41900660c38": " 304,016", "573382d24776f41900660c39": " emerging market", "573382d24776f41900660c3a": " 12%", "573382d24776f41900660c3b": " 191.766 billion", "5733834ed058e614000b5c26": " 1817", "5733834ed058e614000b5c27": " World War II", "5733834ed058e614000b5c28": " 1817 and continued trading until World War II", "5733834ed058e614000b5c29": " 374", "5733834ed058e614000b5c2a": " Polish United Workers' Party", "573383d0d058e614000b5c35": " 1951", "573383d0d058e614000b5c36": " Chevrolet Aveo", "573383d0d058e614000b5c37": " Daewoo", "573383d0d058e614000b5c38": " AvtoZAZ", "573383d0d058e614000b5c39": " February 2011 and has since not been renewed", "573166ede6313a140071cef2": " Warszawa", "573166ede6313a140071cef3": "Warsaw", "573166ede6313a140071cef4": " Vistula River", "573166ede6313a140071cef5": " 2.666 million", "573166ede6313a140071cef6": " 9th", "5732b6b5328d981900602021": "Warsaw", "5732b6b5328d981900602022": " Vistula River", "5732b6b5328d981900602023": " 260 kilometres", "5732b6b5328d981900602024": " 2.666 million", "5732b6b5328d981900602025": " 9th", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9628": " France", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9629": " 10th and 11th centuries", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962a": " Denmark, Iceland and Norway", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962b": " Rollo", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962c": " 10th", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad5f": " William the Conqueror", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad60": " Richard I", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad61": " Christian", "56dde0379a695914005b9636": "Norseman", "56dde0379a695914005b9637": " 9th century", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad75": " 911", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad76": " King Charles III of West Francia", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad77": " Seine", "56dde1d966d3e219004dad8d": " Rollo's contingents", "56dde27d9a695914005b9651": " Catholicism", "56dde27d9a695914005b9652": " north", "56dde2fa66d3e219004dad9b": " fighting horsemen", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9660": " 999", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9661": " Archangel Michael at Monte Gargano", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9662": " Monte Gargano", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b595": " Drogo", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b596": " Duke Sergius IV of Naples", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59a": " Saracens", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59b": " 1130", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59c": " Squillace", "56de0ed14396321400ee2579": "Kitab Rudjdjar", "56de0ed14396321400ee257a": "The Book of Roger", "56de0ed14396321400ee257b": " feudal law and order to forge a unique government", "56de0f6a4396321400ee257f": " Pechenegs, the Bulgars, and especially the Seljuk Turks", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258d": " 1050s", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258e": " 1060s", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258f": " Alexius Komnenos", "56de10b44396321400ee2593": " Afranji", "56de10b44396321400ee2594": " Oursel", "56de10b44396321400ee2595": " Oursel", "56de11154396321400ee25aa": " an Italo-Norman", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bc": "Robert Guiscard", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bd": " February 1082", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5be": " 30,000", "56de15104396321400ee25b7": " Deabolis", "56de15104396321400ee25b8": " Bohemond", "56de15104396321400ee25b9": " Deabolis", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c2": " 1185", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c3": " Dyrrachium", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c4": "one of the most important naval bases of the Adriatic", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c8": " Duke Richard II of Normandy", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c9": " Duke Richard II of Normandy", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5ca": " Normandy", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5cb": " Sweyn Forkbeard", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d0": " Harthacnut", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d1": " 1041", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d2": " Robert of Jumi\u00e8ges", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c5": " Battle of Hastings", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c6": " Duke William II of Normandy", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c7": " 1066", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c8": " Anglo-Saxons", "56de1728cffd8e1900b4b5d7": " Anglo-Saxon language", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5da": " 1169", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5db": " Irish culture and history after their invasion at Bannow Bay", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5dc": " language", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e0": " Malcolm submitted, paid homage to William and surrendered his son Duncan", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e1": " King Malcolm III", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e2": " 1072", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e3": " King Malcolm III", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6be": " Sybilla of Normandy", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6bf": "Normans", "56de3d594396321400ee26ca": " Hereford", "56de3d594396321400ee26cb": " the Welsh", "56de3d594396321400ee26cc": " Edward the Confessor", "56de3dbacffd8e1900b4b6d2": " Wales", "56de3e414396321400ee26d8": " 1018", "56de3e414396321400ee26d9": " William of Montreuil", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e6": " 1097", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e7": " Tancred", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e8": " Jerusalem", "56de3efccffd8e1900b4b6fe": " 380 years", "56de3f784396321400ee26fa": " storm", "56de3f784396321400ee26fb": " Berengaria", "56de3f784396321400ee26fc": " 1191", "56de3f784396321400ee26fd": " Isaac Komnenos", "56de40da4396321400ee2708": " Norman generals, Richard de Camville and Robert de Thornham", "56de40da4396321400ee2709": " silver chains", "56de40da4396321400ee270a": " Guy de Lusignan", "56de41504396321400ee2714": " Richard the Lion-Heart married Berengaria of Navarre, first-born daughter of King Sancho VI", "56de41504396321400ee2715": " 12 May 1191", "56de41504396321400ee2716": " double", "56de48f34396321400ee2770": " 1489", "56de48f34396321400ee2771": " Knights Templar", "56de49564396321400ee277a": " Africa", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a7": "Bethencourt took the title of King of the Canary Islands, as vassal to Henry III of Castile", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a8": " Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a9": " Maciot de Bethencourt", "56de4a474396321400ee2786": " in the Channel Islands", "56de4a474396321400ee2787": " two", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7bd": " a new stage in the architectural history of the regions they subdued. They spread a unique Romanesque idiom", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7be": " rounded arches", "56de4b074396321400ee2793": " Anglo-Saxon and precedes the Early Gothic", "56de4b074396321400ee2794": " Anglo-Saxon and precedes the Early Gothic", "56de4b074396321400ee2795": " the Kingdom of Sicily", "56de4b5c4396321400ee2799": " 11th century", "56de4b5c4396321400ee279a": " the dukes", "56de4bb84396321400ee27a2": " 16th century", "56de4c324396321400ee27ab": " embroidery", "56de4c324396321400ee27ac": " Bayeux Tapestry", "56de4c324396321400ee27ad": " Odo, the Bishop of Bayeux and first Earl of Kent", "56de51244396321400ee27ef": " mosaics", "56de51c64396321400ee27f7": " 11th", "56de51c64396321400ee27f8": " William of Volpiano and John of Ravenna", "56de52614396321400ee27fb": " southern Italy", "56de52614396321400ee27fc": " Sant'Eufemia", "56de52614396321400ee27fd": " Robert Guiscard", "56de52614396321400ee27fe": " singing", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f6": " 1856 \u2013 7 January 1943", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f8": " Serbian American", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f9": " 1943", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b7": " 10 July 1856 \u2013 7 January 1943", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b8": " 1943", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b9": "Nikola Tesla (Serbian", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6bb": " alternating current", "56df9ee138dc421700152108": " 1884", "56df9ee138dc421700152109": " Thomas Edison", "56df9ee138dc42170015210a": " George Westinghouse", "56df9ee138dc42170015210b": " New York City", "56df9ee138dc42170015210c": " corporate alternating current/direct current \"War of Currents", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c1": " 1884", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c2": " Thomas Edison", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c3": " New York City", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c4": " George Westinghouse", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c5": " AC induction motor and transformer", "56dfa01738dc42170015211d": "1893", "56dfa01738dc42170015211e": "age", "56dfa01738dc42170015211f": " mechanical oscillators/generators", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35b": " Colorado Springs", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35c": "1893", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35d": " X-ray imaging. He also built a wireless controlled boat", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35e": " Wardenclyffe Tower", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb7": " 1943", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb8": " SI unit of magnetic flux density the tesla", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb9": " New York hotels", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebba": " an archetypal \"mad scientist\".", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cb": " with varying degrees of success", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cc": " 1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cd": " SI unit of magnetic flux density the tesla", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6ce": " 1990s", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cf": " his achievements and showmanship", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc1": " Croatia", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc2": " Milutin Tesla, was a Serbian Orthodox priest", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc3": " creative abilities", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc4": " his mother's genetics", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36b": " Milutin Tesla, was a Serbian Orthodox priest", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36c": " Milutin Tesla", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36d": "\u0110uka Tesla", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36e": " making home craft tools, mechanical appliances, and the ability to memorize Serbian epic poems", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36f": " western Serbia", "56dfa1d34a1a83140091ebd4": " three", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd6": " German", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd7": " 1862", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac375": " Dane", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac376": " Milka, Angelina and Marica", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac377": " killed in a horse-riding accident", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac378": " Gospi\u0107, Austrian Empire", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac379": " pastor", "56dfa24a38dc421700152142": " Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56dfa24a38dc421700152143": " German", "56dfa24a38dc421700152144": " integral calculus", "56dfa24a38dc421700152145": " cheating", "56dfa24a38dc421700152146": " 1873", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d5": " 1870", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d6": " to attend school at the Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d7": " Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d8": " German", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d9": " 1873", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf2": " cholera", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf3": " nine months", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf4": " send him to the best engineering school", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf5": " enter the priesthood", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf6": " Smiljan", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6df": " 1873", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e0": " cholera", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e1": " nine months", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e2": " wanted him to enter the priesthood", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e3": " best engineering school if he recovered from the illness (his father had originally wanted him to enter the priesthood", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfc": " Tomingaj", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfd": " Mark Twain", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfe": " the mountains in hunter's garb", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebff": " 1874", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ec00": " hunter's garb", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac389": " to Tomingaj, near Gra\u010dac. There, he explored the mountains in hunter's garb. Tesla said that this contact with nature", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38a": " 1874", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38b": " explored the mountains in hunter's garb", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38c": " Mark Twain", "56dfa3c338dc421700152154": " 1875", "56dfa3c338dc421700152155": " Austrian Polytechnic", "56dfa3c338dc421700152156": " 1879", "56dfa3c338dc421700152157": " Gramme dynamo", "56dfa3c338dc421700152158": " never graduated", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ab": " Graz, Austria", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ac": " 1875", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ad": " 1879", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ae": " addicted to gambling", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3af": " killed through overwork", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfa9": " left Graz and severed all relations with his family to hide the fact that he dropped out of school", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfaa": " to hide the fact that he dropped out of school", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfab": " draftsman", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfac": " return home", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfad": " nervous breakdown", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e717": " December 1878", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e718": " the fact that he dropped out of school", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e719": " drowned in the Mur River", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71a": " a draftsman for 60 florins a month", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71b": " nervous breakdown", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbd": " under police guard for not having a residence permit", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbe": " 24 March 1879", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbf": " 60", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc0": " stroke", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc1": " taught a large class of students in his old school, Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3bf": " not having a residence permit", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c0": " 24 March 1879", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c1": " Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c2": " stroke", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5b": " Prague", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5c": " he never studied Greek, a required subject; and he was illiterate", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5e": " lectures", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5f": " Charles-Ferdinand University", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c7": " Prague", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c8": " January 1880", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c9": " the university", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3ca": " uncles", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc7": " Budapest", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc8": " Ferenc Pusk\u00e1s at a telegraph company, the Budapest Telephone Exchange", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc9": " chief electrician", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfca": " telephone repeater or amplifier", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfcb": " draftsman", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fc": " 1881", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fd": " telegraph company, the Budapest Telephone Exchange", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fe": " Budapest Telephone Exchange", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3ff": " Ferenc Pusk\u00e1s", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc83": " 1882", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc84": " France", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc85": " New York City", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc86": " Thomas Edison", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc87": " Continental Edison Company", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e769": " Continental Edison Company", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76a": " France", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76b": " June 1884", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76c": " Thomas Edison", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76d": " Manhattan", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00d": " US$10 a week", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00e": " US$10 a week raise over Tesla's US$18 per week salary", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e010": " months", "56e0d6367aa994140058e773": " US$10 a week", "56e0d6367aa994140058e774": " our American humor", "56e0d6367aa994140058e775": " US$10 a week", "56dfb5777aa994140058e021": " Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail", "56dfb5777aa994140058e022": " electric lighting company", "56dfb5777aa994140058e023": " installed electrical arc light based illumination systems", "56dfb5777aa994140058e024": " The company installed electrical arc light based illumination systems designed by Tesla and also had designs for dynamo electric machine commutators, the first patents", "56dfb5777aa994140058e025": " electrical arc light based illumination systems", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac420": " Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac421": " 1886", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac422": " Tesla partnered with two businessmen in 1886, Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail, who agreed to finance an electric lighting company", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac423": " installed electrical arc light based illumination systems", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac424": " Tesla", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb5": " showed little interest in Tesla's ideas for new types of motors and electrical transmission equipment", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb6": " penniless", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb8": " work at various electrical repair jobs and even as a ditch digger", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb9": " 1886/1887", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42b": " assigned them to the company", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42c": " work at various electrical repair jobs and even as a ditch digger", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42d": " ditch digger", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc0": " Western Union superintendent", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc1": " April 1887", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc2": " Tesla", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc3": " 89 Liberty Street in Manhattan", "56e0d810231d4119001ac432": " late 1886", "56e0d810231d4119001ac433": " superintendent, and New York attorney", "56e0d810231d4119001ac434": " Alfred S. Brown", "56e0d810231d4119001ac435": " 89 Liberty Street in Manhattan", "56e0d810231d4119001ac436": " Tesla Electric Company", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e053": " an induction motor", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e054": " May 1888", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e055": " a commutator", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e056": " sparking and the high maintenance of constantly servicing and replacing mechanical brushes", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e057": " self-starting design", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43c": " 1887", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43d": " high maintenance of constantly servicing and replacing mechanical brushes", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43e": " constantly servicing and replacing mechanical brushes", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43f": " May 1888", "56e057e1231d4119001ac043": "a friend and publicist", "56e057e1231d4119001ac044": " American Institute of Electrical Engineers", "56e057e1231d4119001ac045": " 1888", "56e057e1231d4119001ac046": " Tesla's patent would probably control the market", "56e057e1231d4119001ac047": " Thomas Commerford Martin", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e779": " Thomas Commerford Martin", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77a": " George Westinghouse", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77b": " Galileo Ferraris", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77c": " physicist", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77d": " Electric & Manufacturing Company", "56e05900231d4119001ac04d": " 1888", "56e05900231d4119001ac04e": " $60,000", "56e05900231d4119001ac04f": " Brown and Peck negotiated a licensing deal with George Westinghouse", "56e05900231d4119001ac051": " consultant at the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company", "56e0dc667aa994140058e783": " $60,000", "56e0dc667aa994140058e784": " July 1888", "56e0dc667aa994140058e785": " $2,000", "56e0dc667aa994140058e786": " Pittsburgh", "56e059c8231d4119001ac057": " Pittsburgh", "56e059c8231d4119001ac058": " alternating current system", "56e059c8231d4119001ac059": " alternating current", "56e059c8231d4119001ac05a": " DC traction motor", "56e0e518231d4119001ac444": " helping to create an alternating current system to power the city's streetcars", "56e0e518231d4119001ac445": " DC traction motor", "56e05a78231d4119001ac062": " Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse", "56e05a78231d4119001ac063": " rival lighting systems", "56e05a78231d4119001ac064": " AC development", "56e05a78231d4119001ac065": " General Electric", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78b": "AC\"", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78c": " Thomas Edison", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78d": " 1886 and had reached the point of all-out warfare by 1888", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78e": " financial strain", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78f": " General Electric", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cd": " George Westinghouse", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1ce": " Chicago", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cf": " General Electric bid", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d0": "76 included using high-voltage, high-frequency alternating current to light a wireless gas-discharge lamp", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d1": "Tesla Polyphase System", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d5": " George Westinghouse", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d6": " Chicago", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d7": " 1893", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d8": " safety, reliability, and efficiency of a fully integrated alternating current", "56e0812c231d4119001ac213": " Richard Dean Adams", "56e0812c231d4119001ac214": " current state of all the competing systems", "56e0812c231d4119001ac215": " Westinghouse Electric", "56e0812c231d4119001ac216": " General Electric", "56e0812c231d4119001ac217": " two-phased system", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac459": " Richard Dean Adams", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45a": " 1893", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45b": " two-phased", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45c": " would be the most reliable", "56e089ab231d4119001ac285": " 1896", "56e089ab231d4119001ac287": " $216,000", "56e089ab231d4119001ac288": " $2.50 per AC horsepower", "56e089ab231d4119001ac289": " $200,000", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac462": " J. P. Morgan", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac463": " $200,000", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac464": " $216,000", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5da": " 35", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5db": " South Fifth Avenue laboratory, and later another at 46 E. Houston Street", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dc": " electric lamps", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dd": " Tesla coil", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac468": " 30 July 1891", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac469": " Tesla coil", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46a": " 35", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46b": " wireless", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac299": " American Institute of Electrical Engineers", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29a": "Tesla served as a vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, the forerunner (along with the Institute of Radio Engineers", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29d": " 1892 to 1894", "56e0f019231d4119001ac470": " vice president", "56e0f019231d4119001ac471": " 1892 to 1894", "56e0f019231d4119001ac472": " Institute of Radio Engineers", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a4": " he had noticed damaged film in his laboratory in previous experiments", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a5": " the 5th Avenue laboratory fire", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a6": " December 1895", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a7": " metal locking screw on the camera lens", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c8": " December 1895", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c9": "Roentgen rays", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4ca": " lost in the 5th Avenue laboratory fire", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cb": " X-ray", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cc": " Mark Twain", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ad": " X-ray imaging", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ae": " March 1896", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2af": "radiography", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b0": " X-rays", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b1": " Tesla Coil", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d4": " March 1896", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d5": " Tesla Coil", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d6": "radiography", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b7": " longitudinal waves", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b8": " various causes. He believed early on that damage to the skin was not caused by the Roentgen rays", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b9": " skin damage", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2ba": " his circuit and single-node X-ray-producing devices", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2bb": " in force-free magnetic fields", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ee": " ozone", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ef": " longitudinal waves", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f0": " plasmas", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f1": " early on that damage to the skin was not caused by the Roentgen rays", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e795": " Benjamin Lamme", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e796": " 1893", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e797": " Benjamin Lamme", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7dd": " Egg of Columbus", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7e0": "Tesla", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e859": " 11 July 1934", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85a": " break off the cathode, pass out of the tube", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85b": " could feel a sharp stinging pain where it entered his body", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85c": " metal projected by his \"electric gun", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac525": " National Electric Light Association", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac526": " Tesla Coil", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac527": " Franklin Institute", "56e0fb887aa994140058e869": " 1898", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86a": "teleautomaton", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86b": " Madison Square Garden", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86c": " electrical exhibition at Madison Square Garden", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86d": " monkey", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e877": " 1900", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e878": " Guglielmo Marconi", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e879": " 1901", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87a": " 1903", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87b": " Marconi in 1904. In 1943, a Supreme Court of the United States", "56e0fd167aa994140058e881": " 1899", "56e0fd167aa994140058e882": " Paris", "56e0fd167aa994140058e883": " 17 May 1899", "56e0fd167aa994140058e884": " five inches", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ea": " atmospheric electricity", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673eb": " stationary waves", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ec": " resonant frequency", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6a": " lightning", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6b": " 135 feet", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6c": " 15 miles", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6d": " glowed even when turned off", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6e": " electrified, swirling in circles with blue halos of St. Elmo's fire around their wings", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fb": " a power outage", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fc": " repeatedly burned out", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fd": " powerful high frequency currents", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fe": " jump through the windings", "56e10043e3433e1400422a84": " communications from another planet", "56e10043e3433e1400422a85": " Mars", "56e10043e3433e1400422a86": " Philadelphia North American", "56e10043e3433e1400422a87": " he may have intercepted Marconi's European experiments", "56e10043e3433e1400422a88": " July 1899", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67403": " $100,000", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67404": " his Colorado Springs experiments", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67405": " Colorado Springs experiments", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67406": " 1899", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740b": " 7 January 1900", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740c": " torn down", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740d": " 1904", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740e": " its contents were sold two years later", "56e10179cd28a01900c67413": " trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility known as Wardenclyffe", "56e10179cd28a01900c67414": " trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility", "56e10179cd28a01900c67415": " Shoreham, Long Island", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8e": " Morgan", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8f": " Panic of 1901", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a91": " shocked", "56e10296cd28a01900c67423": " over 50", "56e10296cd28a01900c67424": " to complete the construction", "56e10296cd28a01900c67425": " Marconi successfully transmitted the letter S from England to Newfoundland", "56e10296cd28a01900c67426": " 187 feet", "56e10325cd28a01900c67435": " 200 horsepower", "56e10325cd28a01900c67436": " 100\u20135,000 hp", "56e10325cd28a01900c67437": " 50th birthday in 1906", "56e10325cd28a01900c67438": " 100\u20135,000 hp", "56e10412e3433e1400422aba": " steam", "56e10412e3433e1400422abb": " Houston Street lab", "56e10412e3433e1400422abc": " speed grew, it is said that the machine oscillated at the resonance frequency of his own building", "56e10412e3433e1400422abd": " World Today", "56e10412e3433e1400422abe": " set the earth's crust into such a state of vibration that it would rise and fall hundreds of feet and practically destroy civilization", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae4": " electricity", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae5": " by saturating them unconsciously with electricity", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae6": " William H. Maxwell", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae7": " superintendent of New York City schools", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afa": " overseas", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afb": " lost the funding he was receiving from his patents in European countries", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afc": " sold Wardenclyffe for $20,000", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afd": " $20,000", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afe": " Edison Medal", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0c": " Electrical Experimenter", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0d": " fluorescent screen", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0e": " modern radar", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0f": " \u00c9mile Girardeau", "56e1097dcd28a01900c6748f": " Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67490": " Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67491": " he has made known his intention", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67492": " he is announced a winner", "56e10a28cd28a01900c674b1": " animosity toward each other", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b3": " 38", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b4": " Tesla nor Edison", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b5": " 1937", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b24": " U.S. Patent 1,655,114", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b25": " biplane", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b26": " $1,000", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b27": " turbine engines", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b36": " $125 per month", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b37": " $125 per month as well as paying his rent", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b38": " $125 per month", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b39": " bad publicity", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d7": " mechanical energy", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d8": " minimal loss over any terrestrial distance", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d9": " minimal loss", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674da": " mineral deposits", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674db": " 1935", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b48": " pigeon-feeding walks", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b49": " a doctor", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4a": " broken", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4b": " 1938", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4c": " 1937", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674eb": "teleforce", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ec": " Van de Graaff generator", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ed": " infantry", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ee": " anti-aircraft purposes", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ef": " death ray", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5c": " 1937", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5d": " luncheon", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5e": " tungsten", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5f": " high voltage", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b60": " a little time", "56e10fbacd28a01900c67509": " charged particle beam weapons", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750a": " Nikola Tesla Museum archive in Belgrade", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750b": " Belgrade", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750c": " millions of volts", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750d": " all war", "56e11044e3433e1400422b76": " steal", "56e11044e3433e1400422b77": " in his mind", "56e11044e3433e1400422b78": " empty-handed", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67531": " 86", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67532": " 7 January 1943", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67533": " Alice Monaghan", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67534": "do not disturb\" sign", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67535": " coronary thrombosis", "56e11161e3433e1400422b86": "Two days later, the FBI ordered the Alien Property Custodian to seize Tesla's belongings, even though Tesla was an American citizen", "56e11161e3433e1400422b87": " Alien Property Custodian", "56e11161e3433e1400422b89": " unfriendly hands", "56e11161e3433e1400422b8a": " Manhattan Storage and Warehouse Company", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b90": " Louis Adamic", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b91": " Louis Adamic", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b92": " 12 January", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b93": " two thousand", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b94": " Ardsley", "56e1127bcd28a01900c67549": " Belgrade", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754a": " Sava Kosanovi\u0107", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754b": " Sava Kosanovi\u0107", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754c": " Belgrade", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754d": " 1957", "56e11996e3433e1400422bde": " 300", "56e11996e3433e1400422bdf": " 300", "56e11996e3433e1400422be0": " Canada", "56e11996e3433e1400422be1": " United States, Britain, and Canada", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b5": " 8:10 p.m", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b6": " 8:10", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b7": " 3:00 a.m", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b8": " Delmonico's restaurant and later the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel. Tesla would telephone his dinner order to the headwaiter", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf0": " 8 to 10 miles", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf1": " it stimulated his brain cells", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf2": " squished", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf3": " brain cells", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c7": " telepathy", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c8": " editor", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c9": " one", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d7": " pigeons", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d8": " over $2,000", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d9": " broken wing and leg", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675da": "Near the end of his life, Tesla walked to the park", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675db": " hotel room", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c18": " 142 pounds", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c19": " 6 feet 2 inches", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1a": " 1888 to about 1926", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1b": " New York City", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e7": " eight", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e8": " blinding flashes of light", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e9": " picture thinking", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675ea": " blinding flashes of light", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675eb": " photographic", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f1": " 48 hours", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f2": " 84 hours", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f3": " Graz", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f4": " the telephone ring", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f5": " journalist", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c28": " chastity", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c29": " women", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c2a": " end of his life", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2e": " Dorothy Skerrit", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2f": " Robert Underwood Johnson", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c30": " seclude", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c31": "ocial", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c32": " loyal secretary", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67611": " Francis Marion Crawford", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67612": " middle age, Tesla became a close friend of Mark Twain; they spent a lot of time together in his lab", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67613": " late 1920s", "56e12005cd28a01900c67617": " overweight people", "56e12005cd28a01900c67618": " secretary", "56e12005cd28a01900c67619": " her weight", "56e12005cd28a01900c6761a": " go home and change her dress", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c38": " electron", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c39": " atoms", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3a": " transmitted electrical energy", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3b": " 19th", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4a": " Einstein", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4b": " generally antagonistic", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4c": " relativity", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c50": " gravity", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c51": " 1892", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c52": " curved", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c53": " 81", "56e122dacd28a01900c67639": " imposed selective breeding version of eugenics", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763a": "ruthless", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763b": "pity", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763c": " 1937", "56e1239acd28a01900c67641": "Queen Bees", "56e1239acd28a01900c67642": " 1926", "56e1239acd28a01900c67643": "Queen Bees", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5e": " post-World War I", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5f": "Tesla made predictions about the relevant issues of a post-World War I environment in a printed article, \"Science and Discovery", "56e12477e3433e1400422c60": "20 December 1914", "56e12477e3433e1400422c61": " League of Nations", "56e124f1cd28a01900c6764f": " Orthodox Christian", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67650": " fanaticism", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67651": " Buddhism and Christianity", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c66": " \"A Machine to End War", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c67": " uncertain", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c68": " War", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6c": " a number of books", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6d": " Ben Johnston", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6e": " Ben Johnston", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67655": " the web", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67656": " 1900", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67657": "The Problem of Increasing Human Energy,\" published in The Century Magazine", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7c": " science fiction", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7d": " science fiction", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7e": " several", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765b": " Time magazine", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765c": " 75th birthday", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765d": " electrical power generation", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765e": " Albert Einstein", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765f": " 70", "56e16182e3433e1400422e28": "Computational complexity theory", "56e16182e3433e1400422e29": " inherent difficulty", "56e16182e3433e1400422e2a": "Computational complexity theory", "56e16839cd28a01900c67887": " mathematical models of computation to study these problems and quantifying the amount of resources needed to solve them, such as time and storage. Other complexity measures", "56e16839cd28a01900c67888": " mathematical models", "56e16839cd28a01900c67889": " time and storage", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788a": " number of gates", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788b": " computational complexity theory is to determine the practical limits on what computers can and cannot do", "56e17644e3433e1400422f40": " analysis of algorithms and computability theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f41": " theoretical computer science are analysis of algorithms and computability theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f42": " theoretical computer science are analysis of algorithms and computability theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f43": " theoretical computer science are analysis of algorithms and computability theory", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a1": " problem instance", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a2": " a problem", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a3": " concrete", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a4": " problem instance", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a5": " problem instance", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f7f": " 2000", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f80": " little use for solving other instances of the problem, such as asking for a round trip through all sites in Milan", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f81": " computational problems and not particular problem instances", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa0": " a problem instance", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa1": " binary alphabet", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa2": " bitstrings", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa3": " binary notation", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa4": " adjacency matrices", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc8": "Decision problems", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc9": " yes or no", "56e190bce3433e1400422fca": " 1 or 0", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcb": " yes", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcc": " yes", "56e19557e3433e1400422fee": " arbitrary", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff0": " the set of all connected graphs\u2014of course, to obtain a precise definition of this language, one has to decide how graphs are encoded as binary strings", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff1": " binary strings", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f6": " computational problem where a single output (of a total function) is expected for every input, but the output is more complex than that of a decision problem", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f7": " single", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f8": " computational problem", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f9": " integer factorization problem", "56e19724cd28a01900c679fa": " complex", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2e": " decision problems", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2f": " triples", "56e1a38de3433e140042305c": " a function of the size of the instance. This is usually taken to be the size of the input in bits", "56e1a38de3433e140042305d": " instance", "56e1a38de3433e140042305e": " a function of the size of the instance", "56e1a38de3433e140042305f": " bits", "56e1a38de3433e1400423060": " increase in the input size", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a48": " Cobham", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a49": " the time", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4a": " worst-case time complexity", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4b": " T(n) is defined to be the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4c": " a polynomial time algorithm", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423094": " Turing machine", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423095": " algorithm", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423097": " Turing machine", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423098": " manipulates symbols", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a68": " deterministic", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a69": " rules", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6a": " probabilistic", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6b": " non-deterministic", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6c": " randomized algorithms", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309e": " complexity classes", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309f": " resources (such as time or space", "56e1b00ce3433e14004230a1": " deterministic Turing machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a72": " random access machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a73": " random access machines. Perhaps surprisingly, each of these models can be converted to another without providing any extra computational power. The time and memory consumption", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a74": " memory consumption", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a75": " deterministically", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b0": " non-deterministic", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b1": " more unusual resources", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b2": " mathematical models", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b3": " time", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa3": " total number of state transitions, or steps", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa4": " difficulty", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa5": " DTIME(f(n)).", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa6": " complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abc": " complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abd": " computational", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abe": " Blum complexity axioms", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abf": " computational", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67ac0": " Complexity", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e6": "The best, worst and average", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e7": " the time complexity", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e8": "The best, worst and average case", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e9": "The best, worst and average case complexity refer to three different ways of measuring the time complexity", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae0": " quicksort", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae1": " worst-case", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae2": " O(n2)", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423104": " the most efficient algorithm solving a given problem", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423105": " algorithms", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423106": " lower bounds", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423107": " upper bound", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423108": "all possible algorithms", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afc": " big O notation", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afd": " constant factors and smaller terms", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afe": " one would write T(n) = O(n2).", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67aff": " the specific details of the computational model", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2c": " some complexity classes", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2d": " complicated definitions", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2e": " complicated definitions", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423134": " the chosen machine model", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423135": " quadratic time", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423136": " multi-tape Turing", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423137": " Cobham-Edmonds thesis", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423138": " P", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423148": " time or space", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423149": " bounding the time", "56e1c3e1e3433e140042314a": " complexity classes", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314e": " BPP, ZPP and RP", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314f": " Boolean circuits", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423150": " quantum Turing machines", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423151": " probabilistic Turing machines; AC and NC, which are defined using Boolean circuits; and BQP and QMA", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423152": " Interactive proof systems", "56e1c720e3433e140042316a": " DTIME", "56e1c720e3433e140042316b": " DTIME(n2), it would be interesting to know if the inclusion is strict", "56e1c720e3433e140042316c": " hierarchy theorems", "56e1c720e3433e140042316d": " a proper hierarchy", "56e1c720e3433e140042316e": " hierarchy theorems", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b74": " time and space hierarchy", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b75": " EXPTIME, and the space hierarchy", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b76": " PSPACE", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423192": " a reduction", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423193": " another problem", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423194": " reduces to Y", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423195": " Cook reductions, Karp reductions and Levin reductions", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423196": " log-space reductions", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bac": " polynomial-time reduction", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bad": " squaring", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bae": " the reduction process takes polynomial time. For example, the problem of squaring an integer", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67baf": " squaring", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bb0": " multiplication", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a4": " type of reduction being used", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a5": " hard problems depends on the type of reduction being used. For complexity classes larger than P, polynomial-time reductions", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a6": " solve any problem", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a8": " set of NP-hard problems", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cb": " C", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cc": " P", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cd": " no known polynomial-time solution", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231ce": " polynomial-time solution to \u03a02", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bca": " P", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcb": " Cobham\u2013Edmonds thesis", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcc": " NP", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcd": " Boolean satisfiability problem", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bce": " Turing machines", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d5": " more efficient solutions", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d6": " ability to find formal proofs of pure mathematics theorems. The P versus NP problem is one of the Millennium Prize Problems", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d8": " The P versus NP problem is one of the Millennium Prize Problems proposed by the Clay Mathematics Institute. There is a US$1,000,000", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd4": " Ladner", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd5": " NP-intermediate problems", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd6": " NP-intermediate problems. The graph isomorphism problem", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fc": "The graph isomorphism", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fd": " NP-complete", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fe": " NP-intermediate", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231ff": " second level", "56e1e9dfe3433e1400423200": " Laszlo Babai", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0a": " integer factorization problem", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0b": " k", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0c": " RSA algorithm. The integer factorization problem is in NP and in co-NP", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0e": " general number field sieve", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423210": " any of these classes are unequal", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423211": " Proving that any of these classes are unequal", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423212": " between P and PSPACE", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423214": " Proving that any of these classes are unequal", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321a": " co-NP is the class containing the complement problems (i.e. problems with the yes", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321b": " reversed", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321c": " NP is not equal to co-NP", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321d": " P is not equal to NP", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423222": " L", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423223": " complexity classes between the two, such as NL and NC, and it is not known if they are distinct or equal", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423224": " complexity classes", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423225": " NL and NC", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423226": " if they are distinct or equal classes", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322c": " intractable problems", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322f": " complexity theory", "56e1fc57e3433e1400423230": " the NP-complete problems", "56e1febfe3433e1400423236": " Presburger arithmetic", "56e1febfe3433e1400423237": " algorithms", "56e1febfe3433e1400423238": " NP-complete knapsack problem", "56e1febfe3433e1400423239": " over a wide range of sizes", "56e1febfe3433e140042323a": " Boolean satisfiability", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c14": " Turing machines", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c15": " Alan Turing", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c16": " Turing machines", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c17": " 1936", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c18": " a computer", "56e202e9e3433e1400423240": " \"On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms", "56e202e9e3433e1400423241": " Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns", "56e202e9e3433e1400423242": "1965", "56e202e9e3433e1400423243": " time and space", "56e202e9e3433e1400423244": " 1965", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1e": " John Myhill", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1f": "1961", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c20": " Raymond Smullyan's study of rudimentary sets (1961), as well as Hisao Yamada", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c24": " input encoding", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c25": " different representations can be transformed into each other efficiently", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324a": " Manuel Blum", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324b": " speed-up theorem", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324d": "Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324e": " 21", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f23": " the curriculum", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f24": " pedagogy", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f25": " university or college", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f26": " lesson plan", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f27": " school or other place of formal education", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f37": " among cultures", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f38": " numeracy, craftsmanship or vocational training", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f39": " craftsmanship", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f3a": " literacy and numeracy, craftsmanship or vocational training", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f51": " teacher occupying a transient or ongoing role, such as a family member", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f52": " formal education can take place through home schooling. Informal learning", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f53": " formal education", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f54": " Informal learning", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f55": " teacher occupying a transient or ongoing role, such as a family member", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f65": " gurus", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f66": " religious texts such as the Quran, Torah or Bible", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f67": " the Quran, Torah or Bible", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f68": " gurus", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e33": " homeschooling", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e34": " paid professionals", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e35": "Chartered", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e36": " homeschooling", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e37": " Formal teaching may be carried out by paid professionals", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6e": " school functions", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6f": " extracurricular activities", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f70": " extracurricular activities", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f71": " teachers", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f76": " teacher's colleges", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f77": " to serve and protect the public interest through certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f78": " public interest", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f79": " certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f7a": " the standards of practice for the teaching profession", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f94": " members", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f95": " professional misconduct", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f96": " the college", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f97": " members", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f98": " members", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5b": " on an individual basis", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5c": " tutor", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5d": " outdoors", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5e": " facilitate student learning", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa8": " pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa9": " pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76faa": " pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fab": " technology", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fac": " the internet", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e6f": " course of study", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e70": " the relevant authority", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e71": " learning disabilities", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e72": " infants to adults", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e73": " standardized", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbc": " particular skills", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbd": " self-study and problem solving", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbe": " pressure the lazy, inspire the bored, deflate the cocky, encourage the timid, detect and correct individual flaws", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbf": " pressure the lazy, inspire the bored, deflate", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fc0": " coach", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc6": " teachers and children", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc7": " the whole curriculum", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc8": " different subject specialists", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc9": " primary school", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fca": " surrogate parent", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8b": " alternative approaches for primary education do exist. One of these, sometimes referred to as a \"platoon\" system", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8c": "platoon\" system", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8d": " staying with the same group of peers", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8e": " knowledgeable", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8f": " United States", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e95": "Co-teaching", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e96": " two or more", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e97": " learning by providing a social networking support that allows them to reach their full cognitive potential", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e98": " harmoniously", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e99": " social networking support", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ea9": " corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eaa": " a substitute parent", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eab": " corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eac": " most common", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ead": "Throughout the history of education", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb3": " one of the most common", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb4": " United States", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb5": " United States", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb6": " US Supreme Court", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb7": " physical pain", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fec": "30", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fed": " South", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fee": " declining", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fef": " wooden paddle", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76ff0": " principal's office", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77000": " caning", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77001": " Asian, African and Caribbean countries", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77002": " School corporal punishment", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec7": " detention", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec8": " detention", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec9": " at a given time in the school day", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3eca": " a classroom", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ecb": " lines or a punishment essay", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed1": " assertive", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed2": " immediate and fair punishment", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed3": " Positive reinforcement is balanced with immediate and fair punishment for misbehavior and firm, clear boundaries", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed4": " sarcasm", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed5": " respect", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef5": " teachers and parents", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef6": " East Asia", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef7": " weakness in school discipline", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef8": " assertive and confrontational", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702c": " Japan", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702d": " Japan", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702e": " Japan", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702f": " Japan", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703a": " 40 to 50 students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703b": " concentration", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703c": " motivated students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703d": " motivated students, ignoring attention-seeking and disruptive students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703e": " motivated students", "56e7611500c9c71400d77054": " dictatorial", "56e7611500c9c71400d77055": " democratic schools", "56e7611500c9c71400d77056": " persuasion and negotiation", "56e7611500c9c71400d77057": " dictatorial authority", "56e7611500c9c71400d77058": " a school that has good, clear laws", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f13": " enthusiasm", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f14": " passion", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f15": " teach by rote", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f17": " higher than teachers who didn't show much enthusiasm", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77072": "Teachers that exhibit enthusiasm can lead to students who are more likely to be engaged, interested, energetic, and curious about learning the subject", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77073": " read lecture material", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77074": " Controlled, experimental studies exploring intrinsic motivation of college students has shown that nonverbal expressions", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77075": " Controlled, experimental", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77076": " college students reporting higher", "56e763e800c9c71400d77086": " self-determined", "56e763e800c9c71400d77087": " increasing a student's interest by the variety, novelty, and surprise of the enthusiastic teacher's presentation", "56e763e800c9c71400d77088": " emotional contagion", "56e763e800c9c71400d77089": " teacher enthusiasm", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708e": " student-teacher relationships", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708f": " beneficial", "56e764e200c9c71400d77090": " he receives", "56e764e200c9c71400d77091": " aligning his personal goals with his academic goals", "56e764e200c9c71400d77092": "Research shows that student motivation", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a2": " these", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a4": " friendly and supportive", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a5": " interacting and working directly with students", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a6": " Effective", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f49": " enthusiasm about the students", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4a": " enthusiastic", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4b": " the student", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4c": " very influential", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4d": " enthusiasm about teaching", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f53": " sexual misconduct", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f54": " 9.6%", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f55": " United States", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f56": " sometime during their educational career", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f57": " American Association of University Women", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ca": " England", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cb": " 0.3% prevalence of sexual abuse by any professional, a group that included priests, religious leaders, and case workers as well as teachers", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cd": " 2,869", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ce": " AAUW", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f67": " United States", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f69": " increased scrutiny on teacher misconduct", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e8": "ears of being labelled a pedophile", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e9": "Chris Keates", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ea": " child protection and parental rights groups", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770eb": " shortage of male teachers", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ec": " sex offenders register", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f75": " occupational stress", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f76": " organizational change", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f77": " occupational burnout", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f78": " Stress", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f79": " Teachers are also at high risk for occupational burnout", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f7f": " 42%", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f80": "A 2000 study found that 42% of UK teachers experienced occupational stress, twice the figure for the average profession", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f81": " twice", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f82": " 2012", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f83": " workers", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710e": " several ways", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710f": " Organizational interventions", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77110": " Individual-level interventions", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77111": " occupational stress", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77112": " Organizational interventions", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f93": " university or college", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f94": " certification by a recognized body", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f95": " elementary school education certificate", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f96": " background check and psychiatric evaluation", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f97": " US", "56e76de800c9c71400d77122": " the individual states and territories", "56e76de800c9c71400d77123": " three", "56e76de800c9c71400d77124": "secondary schools/high schools", "56e76de800c9c71400d77125": "universities and/or TAFE colleges", "56e76de800c9c71400d77126": " three-tier model", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9d": " post-secondary degree", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9e": " post-secondary degree", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3fa1": " the private sector, businesses and sponsors", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712c": " civil servants", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712d": " Germany, teachers are mainly civil servants recruited in special university classes", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712e": "Grundschule", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712f": " Salaries for teachers depend on the civil servants' salary index scale", "56e76f7000c9c71400d77130": "Hauptschule", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77137": " Extra pay", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77138": " \u20ac27,814 p.a.,", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77139": " Extra pay", "56e7714a00c9c71400d7713a": " over \u20ac90,000", "56e7721500c9c71400d77140": " the Teaching Council", "56e7721500c9c71400d77141": " Section 30", "56e7721500c9c71400d77142": " 2001", "56e7721500c9c71400d77143": " Oireachtas funds", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbb": " 2006", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbc": " Existing staff", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbe": " on a phased basis", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbf": " non-teaching posts and those who refuse vetting", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714a": " \u00a320,133 to \u00a341,004", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714b": " experience and extra responsibilities", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714c": " \u00a320,980", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714d": " bachelor's degree", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714e": " September 2007", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd5": " alternative licensing programs", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd6": " hard-to-fill", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd7": " by geographic area", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd8": " hard-to-fill positions. Excellent job opportunities", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd9": " secondary school teachers", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715c": " General Teaching Council for Scotland", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715d": " Teaching in Scotland", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715e": " seven", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715f": "Provisional Registration\"", "56e775ec00c9c71400d77160": "Full Registration\" status after a year", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fdf": " April 2008", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe0": " \u00a320,427", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe1": " \u00a332,583", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe2": " at least 6 years at up to two modules per year", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe3": " trade unions", "56e777e500c9c71400d77176": " Wales", "56e777e500c9c71400d77177": " Welsh", "56e777e500c9c71400d77178": " until the age of 16", "56e777e500c9c71400d77179": " 22 per cent", "56e777e500c9c71400d7717a": " all age groups", "56e7788200c9c71400d77180": " trade unions such as ATL, NUT or NASUWT", "56e7788200c9c71400d77181": " falling", "56e7788200c9c71400d77182": " between 2005 and 2010", "56e7788200c9c71400d77183": " trade unions", "56e7788200c9c71400d77184": " that attacks on teachers in Welsh schools", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffd": " each state", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffe": " three years, but teachers can receive certificates that last as long as ten years", "56e7796637bdd419002c3fff": " bachelor's degree", "56e7796637bdd419002c4000": " Public school teachers are required to have a bachelor's degree and the majority must be certified by the state in which they teach. Many charter schools", "56e7796637bdd419002c4001": " No Child Left Behind", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718a": " low salaries", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718b": " average teacher salaries", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718c": " monetary compensation", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718d": " elementary school teachers", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718e": " American Federation of Teachers", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77194": " many", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77196": " Roman", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77197": " not always a bishop", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77198": "Roman) Catholic, (Eastern) Orthodox Catholic, and Protestant/Non-Denominational", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401d": "LDS Church", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401e": " Elder to Bishop", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401f": " spiritual", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4020": " his wife", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4021": " the father of the house", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a8": " guru", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a9": " high", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771aa": " the lives of their disciples", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771ab": " the West", "56e77da237bdd419002c403b": " Lama", "56e77da237bdd419002c403c": " reborn", "56e77da237bdd419002c403d": " Tulku", "56e77da237bdd419002c403e": " many times", "56e77da237bdd419002c403f": " phowa and siddhi", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b0": " mullahs", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b1": " one of the Four Schools of Jurisprudence", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b2": " Sufism", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b3": " actions-oriented, e.g. the Five Pillars of Islam", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b4": " Qutb", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf5": " German", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf6": " 18 February 1546", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf7": " Late Medieval Catholic Church", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf8": " freedom from God's punishment for sin", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf9": " excommunication", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727a": " received only as a free gift of God's grace", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727b": " salvation and subsequently eternal life is not earned by good deeds but is received only as a free gift of God's grace through faith in Jesus Christ", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727c": " Pope", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727d": " faith in Jesus Christ as redeemer from sin. His theology challenged the authority and office of the Pope by teaching that the Bible", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727e": " a holy priesthood", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17284": " Bible", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17285": " the development of a standard version", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17286": " the Tyndale Bible", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17287": " singing", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17288": " Protestant clergy", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728e": " 10 November 1483", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728f": " Eisleben, Saxony", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17290": " the Holy Roman Empire", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17291": " Catholic", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17292": " lawyer", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c56": " University of Erfurt", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c57": " a beerhouse and whorehouse", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c58": " four", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c59": " a beerhouse and whorehouse", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c5a": " 1505", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cd": " law school", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172ce": " uncertainty", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cf": " Philosophy", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d0": " experience", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d1": " loving God, which to Luther was more important. Reason could not lead men to God", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d7": " death and divine judgment", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d8": " 2 July 1505", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d9": " university on horseback", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172da": " deaths of two friends", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172db": " Luther's education", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c74": " the Augustinian order", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c75": " deep spiritual despair", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c76": " the jailer and hangman of my poor soul", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c77": " Johann von Staupitz", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c78": " change of heart", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172eb": " 1507", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ec": " von Staupitz", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ed": " 1508", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ee": " 9 March 1508", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ef": " Biblical studies", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb0": " 19 October 1512", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb1": " 21 October 1512", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb2": " Doctor", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb3": " University of Wittenberg", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb4": " Doctor of Theology", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17367": " 1516", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17368": " to rebuild St. Peter's Basilica in Rome", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17369": " Roman Catholic theology stated that faith alone, whether fiduciary or dogmatic", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736a": " active in charity and good works", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736b": " faith alone, whether fiduciary or dogmatic", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5e": " 31 October 1517", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5f": " Albert of Mainz", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d60": " The Ninety-Five Theses", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d61": " Hans Hillerbrand", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d62": " Thesis 86", "56f80143aef2371900625d68": " Johann Tetzel", "56f80143aef2371900625d69": "into heaven", "56f80143aef2371900625d6a": "Luther", "56f80143aef2371900625d6b": " Johann Tetzel", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17377": " God's alone to grant, those who claimed that indulgences absolved buyers", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17378": " salvation", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17379": " all punishments", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737a": " indulgences absolved buyers from all punishments and granted them salvation", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737b": " Christ", "56f8046faef2371900625d71": " Tetzel", "56f8046faef2371900625d72": " a reflection of his capacity to exaggerate", "56f8046faef2371900625d73": " in regard to indulgences for the dead", "56f8046faef2371900625d74": " the time", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17387": " the posting on the door, even though it has settled as one of the pillars of history", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17388": " the posting", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17389": " Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738a": " Wittenberg", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738b": " little foundation in truth", "56f8074faef2371900625d79": " January 1518", "56f8074faef2371900625d7a": " printing press", "56f8074faef2371900625d7b": " friends", "56f8074faef2371900625d7c": " two weeks", "56f8074faef2371900625d7d": " two weeks", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17391": " 1519", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17392": " Students", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17393": " creative", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17394": " 1520", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17395": " Galatians and his Work on the Psalms", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739b": " on the Psalms", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739c": " the use of terms such as penance and righteousness", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739d": " corrupt", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739e": " several of the central truths of Christianity", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739f": " justification", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d83": " God", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d84": " 1525", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d85": " a gift from God", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d86": " Smalcald Articles", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d87": " faith", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8d": "Luther's rediscovery of \"Christ and His salvation", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8e": "Luther's rediscovery of \"Christ and His salvation\"", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8f": " the sale of indulgences", "56f80e1daef2371900625d90": " two", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d95": "Archbishop Albrecht of Mainz", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d96": " Rome", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d97": " a papal dispensation", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d98": " one half", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d99": " December 1517", "56f811bdaef2371900625d9f": "Pope Leo X", "56f811bdaef2371900625da0": " reformers and heretics", "56f811bdaef2371900625da1": " October 1518", "56f811bdaef2371900625da2": " Cardinal Cajetan Luther stated that he did not consider the papacy part of the biblical Church", "56f811bdaef2371900625da3": " Cardinal Cajetan Luther", "56f81393aef2371900625da9": " January 1519", "56f81393aef2371900625daa": " remain silent", "56f81393aef2371900625dab": " Johann Eck,", "56f81393aef2371900625dac": " Matthew 16:18", "56f81393aef2371900625dad": " Jan Hus", "56f81537aef2371900625db3": " 15 June 1520", "56f81537aef2371900625db4": " recanted 41 sentences drawn from his writings", "56f81537aef2371900625db5": " 60 days", "56f81537aef2371900625db6": " Karl von Miltitz", "56f81537aef2371900625db7": " 3 January 1521", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f1": " secular authorities", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f2": " 18 April 1521", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f3": " estates of the Holy Roman Empire", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f4": " Emperor Charles V", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f5": " Prince Frederick III", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fb": "Johann Eck", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fc": " Archbishop of Trier", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fd": " whether he stood by their contents", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fe": " next day", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173ff": " Luther confirmed he was their author, but requested time to think about the answer to the second question", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17415": " raised his arm \"in the traditional salute of a knight winning a bout.\"", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17416": "in the traditional salute of a knight", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17417": " Michael Mullett", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17418": "world classic of epoch-making oratory", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17427": " recant his writings", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17428": "Luther", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17429": " they were inserted before \"May God help me\" only in later versions of the speech and not recorded in witness accounts", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e1742a": " the more dramatic form", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e17439": " private conferences", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743a": " 25 May 1521", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743b": " Emperor", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743c": " The Emperor presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743d": " kill", "56f82989aef2371900625e6b": "Refutation of the Argument of Latomus,\"", "56f82989aef2371900625e6c": " the security of the Wartburg Castle", "56f82989aef2371900625e6d": " Patmos", "56f82989aef2371900625e6e": " New Testament", "56f82989aef2371900625e6f": " poured out doctrinal and polemical writings", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17457": " a sin", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17458": " cannot be earned", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17459": " 1 August 1521", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745a": " your trust in Christ", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745b": " justice resides", "56f84485aef2371900625f71": " summer of 1521", "56f84485aef2371900625f72": " a sacrifice, asserting instead that it is a gift", "56f84485aef2371900625f73": " a gift", "56f84485aef2371900625f74": " private confession and absolution", "56f84485aef2371900625f75": " break their vows without sin, because vows were an illegitimate and vain attempt to win salvation", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e17519": " he broadened the foundations of the Reformation placing them on prophetic faith", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751a": " 1521", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751b": " the prophecy of the Little Horn in Daniel 8:9\u201312", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751c": " the Little Horn in Daniel 8:9", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751d": " power of the Papacy", "56f84760aef2371900625f81": " Gabriel Zwilling", "56f84760aef2371900625f82": " December 1521", "56f84760aef2371900625f83": " disturbances", "56f84760aef2371900625f84": " Zwickau prophets", "56f84760aef2371900625f85": " the town council", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e1752f": " 6 March 1522", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17530": " necessary change", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17531": " preached eight sermons", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17532": "Invocavit Sermons", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17533": " trust God's word", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9d": " immediate", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9e": " Jerome Schurf", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9f": " sixth sermon", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa0": " misguided people into the way of the truth", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa1": " misguided people", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa7": " public order", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa8": " the authorities", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa9": " Zwickau prophets", "56f84b68aef2371900625faa": " social unrest and violence", "56f84b68aef2371900625fab": " reformers who threatened the new order by fomenting social unrest and violence", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb1": " Preachers", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb2": " German Peasants' War of 1524", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb3": " 1524\u201325", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb4": " support an attack on the upper classes", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb5": " the upper classes", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc1": " the temporal authorities", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc2": " Thuringia", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc3": " mad dogs", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc4": " obey the temporal authorities", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc5": " the nobles", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754b": " three", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754c": " \"Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar's\";", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754d": " God", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754e": " the Divine Right of Kings", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754f": "death in body and soul", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755d": " many rebels laid down their weapons", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755e": " Swabian League", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755f": " 15 May 1525", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17560": " M\u00fcntzer's execution", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17561": " the wing of the secular powers", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756d": " Katharina von Bora", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756e": " herring barrels", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756f": " 26", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17570": " 41", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17571": " April 1523", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17577": " 13 June 1525", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17578": " 13 June 1525", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17579": " the wedding banquet", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757a": " 27 June", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757b": " Johannes Bugenhagen", "56f855caaef2371900625ff3": " reckless", "56f855caaef2371900625ff4": " clerical marriage", "56f855caaef2371900625ff5": " on Biblical grounds", "56f855caaef2371900625ff6": " wedlock", "56f855caaef2371900625ff7": " reckless", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffd": " 11 August 1526", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffe": " a wedding present from the new elector John the Steadfast", "56f8575aaef2371900625fff": " six", "56f8575aaef2371900626000": " poverty for the riches of Croesus", "56f8575aaef2371900626001": " farming", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175af": " Biblical ideal of congregations' choosing their own ministers", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b0": " a supervisory church body", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b1": " supervisory church", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b2": " two catechisms", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b3": " revolutionary to the extent that it is a theology of the cross", "56f85bb8aef237190062600f": " extreme change", "56f85bb8aef2371900626010": " Electorate of Saxony", "56f85bb8aef2371900626011": " an adviser", "56f85bb8aef2371900626012": " John the Steadfast", "56f85bb8aef2371900626013": " questionable and originally unintended development towards a church government under the temporal sovereign\".", "56f85cf0aef2371900626019": " early 1526", "56f85cf0aef237190062601a": " his 1523 adaptation of the Latin Mass", "56f85cf0aef237190062601b": "simple people", "56f85cf0aef237190062601c": " unison setting of the Creed", "56f85cf0aef237190062601d": " freedom", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c3": " during their visitation of the Electorate of Saxony, which began in 1527", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c4": " visitation of the Electorate of Saxony", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c5": " standard of pastoral care", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c6": " Christian doctrine", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c7": " teaching", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cd": " catechism", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175ce": " 1529", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cf": " pastors and teachers", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d0": " pastors and teachers", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d1": " questions and answers", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d7": "The catechism", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d8": " plan to collect my writings in volumes,\" he wrote, \"I am quite cool and not at all eager about it", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d9": " the Catechism", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175da": "The catechism", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175db": " hymns and his translation of the Bible", "56f86966aef2371900626053": " Small Catechism", "56f86966aef2371900626054": "Luther's Small Catechism", "56f86966aef2371900626055": " Decalogue", "56f86966aef2371900626056": " persons to be known", "56f86966aef2371900626057": " the Father", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f5": " 1522", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f6": " 1534", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f7": " the translation", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f8": "alone", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f9": " faith in Christ without any works of the Law", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17605": " Saxon chancellery", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17606": " northern and southern Germans", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17607": " everyday Germans", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17608": "for we are removing impediments and difficulties so that other people may read it without hindrance", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17609": " impediments and difficulties", "56f86e91aef2371900626067": " German-language publications", "56f86e91aef2371900626068": " Bible translation", "56f86e91aef2371900626069": " evolution of the German language and literature", "56f86e91aef237190062606a": " Lucas Cranach", "56f86e91aef237190062606b": " William Tyndale", "56f87000aef2371900626071": " hymn-writer", "56f87000aef2371900626072": " high art and folk music", "56f87000aef2371900626073": " lute", "56f87000aef2371900626074": " lute", "56f87000aef2371900626075": " lute", "56f8720eaef237190062608f": " execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes, the first individuals to be martyred by the Roman Catholic Church", "56f8720eaef2371900626090": " Lutheran views", "56f8720eaef2371900626091": "Ein neues Lied wir heben", "56f8720eaef2371900626092": " John C. Messenger", "56f8720eaef2371900626093": "Ein neues Lied wir heben", "56f87392aef2371900626099": " 1524", "56f87392aef237190062609a": " the Apostles' Creed", "56f87392aef237190062609b": " Small Catechism", "56f87392aef237190062609c": " German creed", "56f87392aef237190062609d": " difficulty of its tune", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e1766f": " 1538", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17670": " Small Catechism", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17671": " specific catechism questions", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17672": " multiple revisions, demonstrating Luther's concern to clarify and strengthen the text", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17673": " tune", "56f87760aef23719006260cc": " 1523", "56f87760aef23719006260cd": " essential Reformation doctrine", "56f87760aef23719006260ce": " write psalm-hymns for use in German worship", "56f87760aef23719006260cf": " Psalm 130", "56f87760aef23719006260d0": " essential Reformation doctrine", "56f879bdaef23719006260de": "Ach Gott, vom Himmel sieh darein\"", "56f879bdaef23719006260df": " Veni redemptor gentium", "56f879bdaef23719006260e0": " Veni redemptor gentium", "56f879bdaef23719006260e1": " two", "56f879bdaef23719006260e2": " the German Te Deum", "56f87e95aef237190062610a": " baptism", "56f87e95aef237190062610b": " Johann Walter", "56f87e95aef237190062610c": " prayer for grace", "56f87e95aef237190062610d": " Wolf Heintz", "56f87e95aef237190062610e": " Halle", "56f88025aef237190062611e": " early Lutheran hymnals", "56f88025aef237190062611f": " 24", "56f88025aef2371900626120": " four", "56f88025aef2371900626121": " 24", "56f88025aef2371900626122": " Achtliederbuch", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f3": " Johann Sebastian Bach", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f4": " cantatas", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f5": " 1707", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f6": " 1735", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f7": " 1735", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fd": " sleeps", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fe": " torments", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176ff": " separated from the body", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17700": " Christian souls undergoing penitential suffering", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17701": "in their graves and in heaven", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17707": " Franz Pieper", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17708": " Franz Pieper", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17709": " Franz Pieper", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e1770a": "1755", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17723": " Genesis", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17724": " Francis Blackburne", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17725": " 1765", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17726": " Gottfried Fritschel", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17727": " dreams", "56f88c37aef2371900626176": " October 1529", "56f88c37aef2371900626177": " Landgrave of Hesse", "56f88c37aef2371900626178": " doctrinal unity in the emerging Protestant states", "56f88c37aef2371900626179": " fourteen", "56f88c37aef237190062617a": " nature of the Eucharist", "56f88eafaef2371900626194": " significance of the words spoken by Jesus", "56f88eafaef2371900626195": " Real Presence of the body and blood of Christ", "56f88eafaef2371900626196": " sacramental union", "56f88eafaef2371900626197": " spiritually or symbolically present", "56f88eafaef2371900626198": " confrontational", "56f8907faef23719006261b2": " 1530", "56f8907faef23719006261b3": " Marburg Colloquy", "56f8907faef23719006261b4": " Schmalkaldic League", "56f8907faef23719006261b5": " Swiss", "56f8907faef23719006261b6": " the following year by leading Protestant nobles such as John of Saxony, Philip of Hesse, and George, Margrave of Brandenburg", "56f895339e9bad19000a0177": " antithetical", "56f895339e9bad19000a0178": " reason", "56f895339e9bad19000a0179": " sheerly impossible, absurd, and false.\"", "56f895339e9bad19000a017a": " Reason", "56f895339e9bad19000a017b": " the separate spheres of knowledge", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5d": " Jesus Christ", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5e": " Jewish conversion to Christianity", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5f": " the Jews, writing against them with the kind of venom he had already unleashed on the Anabaptists", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c60": " the Jews", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c61": " 1523", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a5": " a scourge sent to punish Christians by God", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a6": " punish Christians by God", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a7": " punish Christians", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a8": " papacy", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a9": " non-religious", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9d": " Qur'an", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9e": " Latin", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9f": "the Turk\".", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca0": " a tool of the devil", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca1": " exposed to scrutiny", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022b": " God's wrath to Christians", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022c": " Agricola", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022d": " the law is no longer to be taught to Christians", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022e": " with six series of theses", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022f": " On the Councils and the Church", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0251": "second use of the law,\" that is, the law as the Holy Spirit's tool to work sorrow over sin in man's heart", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0252": " to work sorrow over sin in man's heart", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0253": " everything that is used to work sorrow over sin", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0254": " removing the three letters l-a-w from the church \u2013 does not eliminate the accusing law", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0255": " holy people", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025b": " live", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025c": " the natural law", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025d": " positively teach how the Christian ought to live. This has traditionally been called the \"third use", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025e": " an example, is nothing more than an illustration of the Ten Commandments, which a Christian should follow in his or her vocations on a daily basis", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025f": " vocations on a daily basis", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da7": " baptism", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da8": " angel-like life", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da9": " present foreshadowing of the believers' future angel-like life", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02b9": " marry one of his wife's ladies-in-waiting", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02ba": " the bigamy", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bb": " one of his wife's ladies-in-waiting", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bc": " Martin Brecht", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bd": " lasting damage", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02eb": " expelled", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ec": " Jews", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ed": " murder of Christ", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ee": " divinity of Jesus", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ef": " convert them to Christianity", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e05": " Von den Juden und Ihren L\u00fcgen", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e06": " 1543", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e07": " three years", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e08": "the devil's people", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e09": " a sanction for murder", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3b": " the Jews", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3c": " Martin Luther", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3d": " doomed to perdition", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3e": " Luther's anti-Jewish works", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3f": " 1580s", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e75": "Luther", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e76": " anti-Jewish rhetoric", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e77": " attacks on Jews", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e78": " Heinrich Himmler", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e79": " most radically anti-Semitic tract ever published", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a0389": " 17 December 1941", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038a": " Luther had already suggested preventive measures against the Jews and their expulsion from German territory.\" According to Daniel Goldhagen, Bishop Martin Sasse", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038b": " Diarmaid MacCulloch", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038c": " seven Protestant regional church confederations", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038d": "blueprint", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03bf": " opportunistic", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c0": "church fathers", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c1": " modern hatred of the Jews", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c2": " 18th and 19th centuries", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c3": " entirely religious", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03db": " violence", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dc": " Christopher J. Probst", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dd": "hysterical and demonizing mentality\" about Jews", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03de": " Christopher J. Probst", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03df": " Luther's hostile publications towards the Jews and their Jewish religion", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eed": " declining state of mind", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eee": " state of mind", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eef": "vulgarity and violence", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef0": " Jews and in diatribes against \"Turks\" (Muslims) and Catholics", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef1": " Luther's Last Battles: Politics and Polemics 1531\u201346", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f35": "Since the 1980s", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f36": " least prejudiced toward Jews", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f37": " Professor Richard (Dick) Geary", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f38": " 1928-1933", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f45": " deteriorated further", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f46": " the bigamy of the Philip of Hesse incident", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f47": " kidney and bladder stones", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f48": " M\u00e9ni\u00e8re's disease", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f49": " ill health for years, including M\u00e9ni\u00e8re's disease", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f61": " poor physical health", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f62": " poor physical health", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f63": " poor physical health made him short-tempered", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f64": " Justus Jonas", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f65": " three", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7d": " Eisleben", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7e": " 15 February 1546", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7f": " obdurate Jews", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f80": " German territory", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f81": " practice Christian love", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a0": " Mansfeld", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a1": " his concern for his siblings' families", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a2": " late 1545", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a3": " early 1546", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a4": " his siblings' families", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c6": " 17 February 1546", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c7": " chest pains", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c8": "Ps. 31:5", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c9": "Into your hand I commit my spirit; you have redeemed me, O Lord, faithful God\"", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04ca": " 17 February 1546", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e0": " apoplectic stroke", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e1": " 2:45 a.m. on 18 February 1546", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e2": " 18 February 1546", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e3": " Castle Church in Wittenberg", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e4": " Johannes Bugenhagen and Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1007": " his last statement", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1008": " Latin", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1009": " \"We are beggars,\"", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0514": " printed images", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0515": " frail Catholic saints, Luther was presented as a stout man", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0516": " printed images of Luther that emphasized his monumental size", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0517": " medieval religious orders", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0518": " 1530s and 1540s", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103d": " 18 February", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103e": " 18 February with a commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103f": " 31 October", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1040": " 18 February with a commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1041": " 31 October", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d4": " SoCal", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d5": " 10", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d6": " economic center", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d7": " demographics and economic ties", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d8": " demographics and economic ties", "5705e33f52bb89140068964c": " Southern California Megaregion", "5705e33f52bb89140068964d": " 11", "5705e33f52bb89140068964e": " Las Vegas, Nevada", "5705e33f52bb89140068964f": " Mexican border", "5705e33f52bb891400689650": " Las Vegas, Nevada", "5705e3f252bb89140068966a": " Pacific coast", "5705e3f252bb89140068966b": " seven", "5705e3f252bb89140068966c": " over 12 million", "5705e3f252bb89140068966d": " Los Angeles area", "5705e3f252bb89140068966e": " 17.5 million", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7704": " Colorado Desert and the Colorado River", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7705": " Colorado Desert", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7706": " Colorado Desert and the Colorado River at the border with Arizona, and the Mojave Desert", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7707": " Mexico\u2013United States border", "5705e63175f01819005e7720": " southern California", "5705e63175f01819005e7721": " 3,792,621", "5705e63175f01819005e7722": " Los Angeles", "5705e63175f01819005e7723": " Los Angeles", "5705e63175f01819005e7724": " southern", "5705e99452bb891400689688": " Los Angeles", "5705e99452bb891400689689": " United States", "5705e99452bb89140068968a": " the five most populous in the state", "5705e99452bb89140068968b": " Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside are the five most populous in the state and all are in the top 15", "5705e99452bb89140068968c": " Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside", "5705eb3375f01819005e7764": " Los Angeles", "5705eb3375f01819005e7765": " Los Angeles", "5705eb3375f01819005e7766": " The Walt Disney Company", "5705eb3375f01819005e7767": " music", "5705eb3375f01819005e7768": " Sony", "5705ec1675f01819005e776e": " skateboard", "5705ec1675f01819005e776f": " Tony Hawk", "5705ec1675f01819005e7770": " Volcom, Quiksilver", "5705ec1675f01819005e7771": " Oahu", "5705ec1675f01819005e7772": " Transpacific Yacht Race", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b8": " Palm Springs", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b9": " beaches", "5705eccb52bb8914006896ba": " southern California", "5705eccb52bb8914006896bb": " open spaces", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ca": " 37\u00b0 9' 58.23\" latitude, around 11 miles (18 km) south of San Jose", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cb": " 11", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cc": " ten", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cd": " Tehachapi Mountains", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ce": " northern", "5705eee952bb8914006896de": " Mexico", "5705eee952bb8914006896df": " Alta California", "5705eee952bb8914006896e0": " Monterey", "5705eee952bb8914006896e1": " Compromise", "5705eee952bb8914006896e2": " free state", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a4": " inequitable taxes", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a5": "Cow Counties", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a6": " three", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a7": " 75%", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a8": " Milton Latham", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f0": " Los Angeles Times", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f1": " 1900", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f2": " 1999", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f3": "Imperial", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f4": " seven", "5705f36452bb891400689718": " regional tourism groups", "5705f36452bb891400689719": " California State Automobile Association", "5705f36452bb89140068971a": " the three-region point of view", "5705f36452bb89140068971b": " South of the Tehachapis", "5705f36452bb89140068971c": " southern California", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dc": " third most populated megalopolis in the United States", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dd": " third", "5705f7c875f01819005e77de": " suburban", "5705f7c875f01819005e77df": " highways", "5705f7c875f01819005e77e0": " heavily developed", "5705fb7f52bb891400689750": " Camp Pendleton", "5705fb7f52bb891400689751": " Inland Empire", "5705fb7f52bb891400689752": " United States Census Bureau", "5705fb7f52bb891400689753": " Orange Counties", "5705fb7f52bb891400689754": " 1990s", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976a": " Mediterranean", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976b": " rain", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976c": " 90-60's", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976d": " very rare", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976e": " 90-60's", "5705fd8475f01819005e7841": " Pacific Ocean", "5705fd8475f01819005e7840": " geologic, topographic", "5705fd8475f01819005e7842": " topographic", "5705fd8475f01819005e7843": " Pacific Ocean islands, shorelines, beaches, and coastal plains", "5705fd8475f01819005e7844": " large and small interior valleys, to the vast deserts", "5705fec152bb89140068977a": " 10,000", "5705fec152bb89140068977b": " 10,000", "5705fec152bb89140068977c": " 6.7", "5705fec152bb89140068977d": " property damage", "5705fec152bb89140068977e": " $20 billion", "5705ffde52bb891400689784": " faults are able to produce a magnitude 6.7+ earthquake, such as the San Andreas Fault", "5705ffde52bb891400689785": " 6.7+", "5705ffde52bb891400689786": " San Jacinto Fault, the Puente Hills Fault, and the Elsinore Fault Zone", "5705ffde52bb891400689787": " USGS", "5705ffde52bb891400689788": " Earthquake occurrence", "570602fa52bb89140068979e": " economically", "570602fa52bb89140068979f": " global", "570602fa52bb8914006897a0": " economic", "570603c475f01819005e7882": " 2010", "570603c475f01819005e7883": " high growth rates", "570603c475f01819005e7884": " 10.0%", "570603c475f01819005e7885": " tech", "570603c475f01819005e7886": " northern", "5706074552bb8914006897d4": " Metropolitan Statistical Areas", "5706074552bb8914006897d5": " two", "5706074552bb8914006897d6": " five million", "5706074552bb8914006897d7": " the Southern Border Region", "5706074552bb8914006897d8": " 17,786,419", "570607f575f01819005e78b4": "Los Angeles (at 3.7 million people) and San Diego", "570607f575f01819005e78b5": " 1.3 million", "570607f575f01819005e78b6": " twelve", "570607f575f01819005e78b7": " 100,000", "570607f575f01819005e78b8": " Riverside", "5706094b52bb8914006897de": " petroleum", "5706094b52bb8914006897df": " Hollywood", "5706094b52bb8914006897e0": " housing bubble", "5706094b52bb8914006897e1": " diverse", "5706094b52bb8914006897e2": " a leader in the housing bubble 2001\u20132007", "57060a1175f01819005e78d2": " 1920s", "57060a1175f01819005e78d3": " cattle and citrus were major industries until farmlands were turned into suburbs", "57060a1175f01819005e78d5": " cattle and citrus", "57060a1175f01819005e78d4": " cattle and citrus", "57060a1175f01819005e78d6": " aerospace", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f8": " major business districts", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f9": " Central business districts", "57060a6e52bb8914006897fa": " Downtown Los Angeles", "57060cc352bb89140068980e": " Los Angeles Area", "57060cc352bb89140068980f": " Los Angeles Area", "57060cc352bb891400689810": " San Fernando Valley", "57060cc352bb891400689811": " Los Angeles itself has many business districts including the Downtown Los Angeles", "57060df252bb891400689820": " business districts", "57060df252bb891400689821": " Downtown San Bernardino", "57060df252bb891400689822": " Hospitality Business/Financial Centre", "57060eaf75f01819005e7910": "Orange County", "57060eaf75f01819005e7911": " University of California, Irvine", "57060eaf75f01819005e7912": " The Irvine Spectrum, West Irvine, and international corporations headquartered at the University of California, Irvine. West Irvine includes the Irvine Tech Center", "57060eaf75f01819005e7913": " South Coast Metro", "57060eaf75f01819005e7914": " rapidly developing business center that includes Downtown Santa Ana, the South Coast Metro and Newport Center", "57060f3e75f01819005e7922": "Downtown San Diego", "57060f3e75f01819005e7923": " Northern San Diego", "57060f3e75f01819005e7924": " North County", "57060f3e75f01819005e7925": " Northern San Diego", "570610b275f01819005e792a": " Los Angeles International Airport", "570610b275f01819005e792b": " international passenger volume", "570610b275f01819005e792c": " second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume (see World's busiest airports by passenger traffic) and the third", "570610b275f01819005e792d": " San Diego International Airport", "570610b275f01819005e792e": " Los Angeles International Airport", "5706111a52bb89140068984c": " Metrolink", "5706111a52bb89140068984d": "Six of the seven", "5706111a52bb89140068984e": "Six of the seven", "5706111a52bb89140068984f": " Orange", "570611c475f01819005e793c": " Port of Los Angeles", "570611c475f01819005e793d": " Port of Los Angeles", "570611c475f01819005e793e": "Southern California", "5706139252bb891400689864": " Tech Coast", "5706139252bb891400689865": " prestigious and world-renowned research", "5706139252bb891400689866": " private", "5706139252bb891400689867": " 5", "5706139252bb891400689868": " 5", "5706143575f01819005e7950": "Professional sports teams", "5706143575f01819005e7951": " NFL", "5706143575f01819005e7952": " NFL", "5706143575f01819005e7953": "Los Angeles Kings", "5706143575f01819005e7954": "LA Galaxy).", "5706149552bb891400689880": " LA Galaxy and Chivas USA", "5706149552bb891400689881": " two", "5706149552bb891400689882": " 2014", "5706149552bb891400689883": " StubHub Center", "5706149552bb891400689884": " 2018", "570614ff52bb89140068988a": "College sports", "570614ff52bb89140068988b": " UCLA", "570614ff52bb89140068988c": " UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans", "570614ff52bb89140068988d": " NCAA Division I in the Pac-12 Conference", "570614ff52bb89140068988e": " UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans both field teams in NCAA Division I in the Pac-12 Conference", "5706155352bb891400689894": "Rugby", "5706155352bb891400689895": " high school", "5706155352bb891400689896": " official school sport", "57092322efce8f15003a7db0": " BSkyB", "57092322efce8f15003a7db1": " BSkyB", "57092322efce8f15003a7db2": " 2014", "57092322efce8f15003a7db3": " British Sky Broadcasting Group", "57092322efce8f15003a7db4": " Sky UK Limited", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc4": " 2015", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc5": " two", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc6": " Setanta Sports", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc7": " \u00a34.2bn", "57094b4f9928a814004714f6": " ONdigital consortium", "57094b4f9928a814004714f7": " ITV Digital's free-to-air replacement, Freeview", "57094b4f9928a814004714f8": " three", "57094b4f9928a814004714f9": " Sky Three", "57094b4f9928a814004714fa": "Pick TV", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd6": " Sky+ PVR", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd7": " September 2007", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd8": " no extra charge", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd9": " January 2010", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dda": " Sky+HD Box", "57094d489928a8140047150a": " VideoGuard pay-TV", "57094d489928a8140047150b": " NDS", "57094d489928a8140047150c": "BSky", "57094d489928a8140047150d": " BSkyB", "57094d489928a8140047150e": "PVR", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dff": " cable TV. The failure to renew the existing carriage agreements negotiated with NTL and Telewest", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dfe": " 2007", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e00": " substantially increased the asking price", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e01": " Video On Demand", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e02": " HD channels", "570960cf200fba1400367f01": " July 2013", "570960cf200fba1400367f02": " 2013", "570960cf200fba1400367f03": " OneDrive", "570960cf200fba1400367f04": "OneDrive for Business", "570960cf200fba1400367f05": " OneDrive", "570961aa200fba1400367f15": " Sam Chisholm and Rupert Murdoch", "570961aa200fba1400367f16": " Astra", "570961aa200fba1400367f17": " 27 September 2001", "570961aa200fba1400367f18": " Sky Digital platform", "570961aa200fba1400367f19": " 3.5 million", "570963a5200fba1400367f33": " British Sky Broadcasting or BSkyB", "570963a5200fba1400367f34": " British telecommunications", "570963a5200fba1400367f35": " 11 million", "570963a5200fba1400367f36": " Freeview", "57096505ed30961900e84082": "Sky Q Hub", "57096505ed30961900e84083": " Sky Q Silver set top boxes", "57096505ed30961900e84084": " share recordings and other media", "57096505ed30961900e84085": " 2016", "57096505ed30961900e84086": " 2016", "570966e0200fba1400367f4f": " DVB-compliant MPEG-2", "570966e0200fba1400367f50": " Dolby Digital", "570966e0200fba1400367f51": " MPEG-4", "570966e0200fba1400367f52": " OpenTV", "570966e0200fba1400367f53": " DVB-S2", "570967c4ed30961900e840ba": " 1998", "570967c4ed30961900e840bb": " Astra 2A", "570967c4ed30961900e840bc": " Astra 2A", "570967c4ed30961900e840bd": " hundreds", "570967c4ed30961900e840be": " Astra 2", "5709686c200fba1400367f77": " 22 May 2006", "5709686c200fba1400367f78": " 40,000", "5709686c200fba1400367f79": " Thomson", "5709686c200fba1400367f7a": " 17,000", "5709686c200fba1400367f7b": " 4,222,000", "57096b66200fba1400367fa7": " 8 February 2007", "57096b66200fba1400367fa8": " March", "57096b66200fba1400367fa9": " digital terrestrial platform", "57096b66200fba1400367faa": " Virgin Media", "57096b66200fba1400367fab": " sport (including English Premier League Football), films, entertainment and news", "57096c95200fba1400367fbb": " free-to-view", "57096c95200fba1400367fbc": " a monthly subscription", "57096c95200fba1400367fbd": " VideoGuard", "57096c95200fba1400367fbe": " Ku band LNB", "57096c95200fba1400367fbf": " Sky service", "57096e1ced30961900e84102": " autumn of 1991", "57096e1ced30961900e84103": " ITV", "57096e1ced30961900e84104": " \u00a334m", "57096e1ced30961900e84105": " BSkyB joined forces with the BBC to make a counter bid. The BBC", "57096e1ced30961900e84106": " \u00a3304m", "57096f37200fba1400367fe5": " Ofcom", "57096f37200fba1400367fe6": " \u00a315\u2013100,000", "57096f37200fba1400367fe7": " no veto", "57096f37200fba1400367fe8": " not carry any control over the channel's content or carriage issues", "57096f37200fba1400367fe9": " not carry any control over the channel's content or carriage issues", "57097051ed30961900e84132": " 1 October 1998", "57097051ed30961900e84133": " Sky Digital", "57097051ed30961900e84134": " Open.... now called Sky Active", "57097051ed30961900e84135": " ONdigital (later ITV Digital) terrestrial offering and cable services", "57097051ed30961900e84136": " over 100,000", "57097141200fba1400367ff9": " 2007", "57097141200fba1400367ffa": "Telewest", "57097141200fba1400367ffb": " Video On Demand service", "57097141200fba1400367ffc": " BBC HD", "57097141200fba1400367ffd": " Channel 4", "57097b50200fba140036804d": " 10 million", "57097b50200fba140036804e": " more than 25m", "57097b50200fba140036804f": " August 2004", "57097b50200fba1400368050": " 36%", "57097b50200fba1400368051": " flattened", "57097c8fed30961900e841f2": " a \"Welfare Cash Card", "57097c8fed30961900e841f3": "essentials", "57097c8fed30961900e841f4": " damaging\u2019", "57097c8fed30961900e841f5": "Sky TV bills", "57097c8fed30961900e841f6": " betray a man's presence in the household", "57097d63ed30961900e841fc": " \u00a330m", "57097d63ed30961900e841fd": " no indication as to whether the new deal includes the additional Video On Demand and High Definition content", "57097d63ed30961900e841fe": " Virgin Media", "57097d63ed30961900e841ff": " BSkyB", "57097d63ed30961900e84200": " the carriage of their respective basic channels", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3d": " highly diversified", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3e": " second", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3f": " fourth", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c40": " Melbourne", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c41": " Melbourne Cricket Ground", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c47": " Bendigo", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c48": " New South Wales", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c49": " Buckland Valley", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4a": " over 1,000", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4b": " cramped and unsanitary", "570d26efb3d812140066d48f": " multi-member proportional representation", "570d26efb3d812140066d490": " eight", "570d26efb3d812140066d491": " five", "570d26efb3d812140066d492": " the same as the lower house members", "570d26efb3d812140066d493": " every four years", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a3": " Liberal Party of Australia", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a4": " Liberal Party of Australia", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a5": " Labor is strongest in Melbourne's working class western and northern suburbs, and the regional cities of Ballarat, Bendigo and Geelong. The Liberals", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a6": " The Greens", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a7": " Liberals", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bd": " 61.1%", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4be": " 26.7%", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bf": " Buddhism", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c0": " 168,637", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c1": " 168,637", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c93": " south-east", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c94": " second-most populous state overall", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c95": " second-most populous state overall", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c96": " Melbourne", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c97": " second-largest", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca7": " Koori", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca8": " 1788", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca9": " Sullivan Bay", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45caa": " Sullivan Bay", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45cab": " 1803", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbb": " 26,000 square kilometres", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbc": " 50%", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbd": " 50%", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbe": " 90%", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbf": " 3 million tonnes of wheat and 2 million", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45ccf": " 1975", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd0": " 1855 colonial constitution", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd1": " Parliament of Victoria", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd2": "entrenched\" provisions", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd3": " 1855 colonial constitution, passed by the United Kingdom Parliament as the Victoria Constitution Act 1855", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce3": " warmest", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce4": " 32 \u00b0C (90 \u00b0F)", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce5": " 15 \u00b0C", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce6": " 48.8 \u00b0C (119.8 \u00b0F)", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce7": " 7 February 2009", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d01": " privately funded. Public schools, also known as state or government schools", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d02": " Victoria Department of Education", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d03": " fees", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d04": " Roman Catholic Church", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d05": " government-set curriculum", "570d3468b3d812140066d543": " car brands Ford, Toyota and Holden", "570d3468b3d812140066d544": " February 2014 outlining a closure year of 2017", "570d3468b3d812140066d545": " May 2013", "570d3468b3d812140066d546": " October 2016", "570d3468b3d812140066d547": " Ford, Toyota and Holden", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54d": " 2,000 m (6,600 ft),", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54e": " Mount Bogong", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54f": " 1,986 m", "570d35b7b3d812140066d550": " semi-arid", "570d35b7b3d812140066d551": " pink heath (state flower), Leadbeater's possum (state animal) and the helmeted honeyeater", "570d391fb3d812140066d575": "The Victorian Alps", "570d391fb3d812140066d576": " Great Dividing Range", "570d391fb3d812140066d577": " east-west", "570d391fb3d812140066d578": " 0 \u00b0C", "570d391fb3d812140066d579": " \u221211.7 \u00b0C", "570d4030fed7b91900d45d9f": " Victorian Government", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da0": " Pacific National, CFCL Australia which operate freight services; Great Southern Rail", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da1": " Victorian Government", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da2": " CFCL Australia which operate freight services; Great Southern Rail", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da3": " electrified, passenger system", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbd": " 37", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbe": " 37", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbf": " Legislative Assembly", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc0": " Legislative Assembly", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc1": " Linda Dessau", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd7": " 1 July 1851", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd8": " 1 July 1851", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd9": " one of the largest gold rushes the world has ever seen", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dda": " sevenfold", "570d4329fed7b91900d45ddb": " 20 million ounces", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fd": " 1,548", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fe": " 489", "570d44abb3d812140066d5ff": " 1,548 public schools, 489 Catholic schools and 214 independent schools. Just under 540,800", "570d44abb3d812140066d600": " 63,519", "570d44abb3d812140066d601": " 311,800", "570d4606b3d812140066d619": "Victoria", "570d4606b3d812140066d61a": " 60% of Australia's 3 million", "570d4606b3d812140066d61b": " 60%", "570d4606b3d812140066d61c": " 60% of Australia's 3 million dairy cattle and produces nearly two-thirds", "570d4606b3d812140066d61d": " Asia", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62d": " 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62e": " 1,435 mm", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62f": " 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)", "570d47b8b3d812140066d630": " mountainous areas", "570d47b8b3d812140066d631": " five", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e13": " 1788", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e14": " New South Wales", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e15": " New Holland", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e16": " Sydney", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e31": " 1854", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e33": " British troops", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e32": "Eureka Stockade", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e34": " mining licence fees", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e35": " Colony of Victoria Act 1855", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66d": " leader of the political party or coalition with the most seats", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66e": " The Premier is the public face of government and, with cabinet", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66f": " representatives elected to either house of parliament", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d670": " Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d671": " to either house of parliament", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7d": " 17% to $8.7 billion", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7e": " 17% to $8.7 billion. This represented 24%", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7f": " 32,463", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e80": " 136,000 square kilometres", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e81": " 60%", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bb": " tourism", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bc": " sports tourism", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bd": " Melbourne", "570d529fb3d812140066d6be": " regional cities, such as the V8 Supercars and Australian Motorcycle Grand Prix", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bf": " SurfClassic and the Bright Autumn Festival", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699e": " southern and central parts", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699f": " one-eighth", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a0": " 1562 to 1598", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a1": " Edict of Nantes", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a2": " The wars finally ended with the granting of the Edict of Nantes, which granted the Huguenots substantial religious, political and military autonomy", "57106185b654c5140001f8db": " aristocratic members of the Reformed Church", "57106185b654c5140001f8dd": " Geneva", "57106185b654c5140001f8dc": " Besan\u00e7on", "57106185b654c5140001f8de": " Amboise", "57106185b654c5140001f8df": " 1560", "57106644b654c5140001f8e5": " availability of the Bible", "57106644b654c5140001f8e6": " 1487", "57106644b654c5140001f8e7": " Guyard de Moulin", "57106644b654c5140001f8e8": " 1487", "57106644b654c5140001f8e9": " Paris", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8ef": "Montpellier", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f0": "Montpellier", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f2": " Edict of Al\u00e8s", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f1": " 1622", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f3": "1629", "571077ecb654c5140001f909": " Cape of Good Hope", "571077ecb654c5140001f90a": " Cape Town", "571077ecb654c5140001f90b": " Maria de la Queillerie", "571077ecb654c5140001f90c": " Fran\u00e7ois Villion", "571077ecb654c5140001f90d": " 1700", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ca": " 1624", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cb": " Jess\u00e9 de Forest", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cc": " L'Eglise du Saint-Esprit", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cd": " L'Eglise du Saint-Esprit", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ce": " Brooklyn", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69df": " present-day Charleston", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e1": " British Landgrave Edmund Bellinger", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e2": " Pons in France", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e0": " 1697", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69de": " Charleston", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e8": "Stadtholder William III", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e9": " King of England", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ea": " League of Augsburg", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69eb": " French", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ec": " 1672", "57107d73b654c5140001f91d": " Edict of Fontainebleau", "57107d73b654c5140001f91e": "1685", "57107d73b654c5140001f91f": " Edict of Fontainebleau", "57107d73b654c5140001f920": " 500,000", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f2": " Catholic Church", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f3": " St. Bartholomew's Day massacre", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f4": " 5,000 to 30,000", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f5": " their own militia", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f6": " political reasons for this as well, as some of the Huguenots were nobles trying to establish separate centers of power", "57108073b654c5140001f927": " 1621 and 1629", "57108073b654c5140001f926": " southwestern France", "57108073b654c5140001f928": " Louis XIII", "57108073b654c5140001f929": " Louis XIII", "57108073b654c5140001f925": " Huguenot rebellions", "57108198b654c5140001f937": " one million", "57108198b654c5140001f938": " 2%", "57108198b654c5140001f939": " Alsace in northeast France and the C\u00e9vennes", "57108198b654c5140001f93a": " Alsace in northeast France and the C\u00e9vennes mountain region", "57108198b654c5140001f93b": " France", "57108c95b654c5140001f979": " New York, another 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle", "57108c95b654c5140001f97a": " New Rochelle", "57108c95b654c5140001f97b": "Huguenot Street Historic District", "57108c95b654c5140001f97c": "Huguenot Street Historic District", "57108c95b654c5140001f97d": " New Paltz", "57108d69b654c5140001f983": " Dutch Republic", "57108d69b654c5140001f984": " 75,000 to 100,000", "57108d69b654c5140001f985": " 2 million", "57108d69b654c5140001f986": " West Frisia", "57108d69b654c5140001f987": " Edict of Nantes", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1a": " Tours", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1b": " King Hugo", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1c": " the ghost of le roi Huguet", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1d": " pr\u00e9tendus r\u00e9form\u00e9s", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1e": " night", "571090abb654c5140001f995": " Kent, particularly Sandwich, Faversham and Maidstone", "571090abb654c5140001f996": " Turnagain Lane", "571090abb654c5140001f997": " variety of occupations necessary to sustain the community", "571090abb654c5140001f998": " Sandwich, Faversham and Maidstone", "571090abb654c5140001f999": " The Weavers, a half-timbered house by the river, was the site of a weaving school", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a41": " Cork City", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a40": " Dublin, Cork, Youghal and Waterford", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a42": " Dublin", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a43": " High Sheriff and one of the founders of the Bank of Ireland", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a44": " 1696", "57109275b654c5140001f99f": "The exodus of Huguenots from France created a brain drain", "57109275b654c5140001f9a0": " British colonies", "57109275b654c5140001f9a1": " non-Catholics", "57109275b654c5140001f9a2": " North American front of the Seven Years' War", "57109275b654c5140001f9a3": " 1759-60", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5c": " Henry", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5d": " 1598", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5e": " reaffirmed Catholicism as the state religion", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5f": " the founding of new Protestant churches", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a60": " Protestantism in favour of Roman Catholicism", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a66": " education", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a67": " forbade Protestant services", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a68": " Four thousand", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a69": " Catholics and were called \"new converts", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a6a": " New York and Virginia", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a76": " Switzerland and the Netherlands", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a77": " 1555", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a78": " Antarctique", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a79": " 1560", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a7a": " the Guanabara Confession of Faith", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a86": " Afrikaans", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a87": " wine industry", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a88": " Western Cape province", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a89": " Huguenot", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a98": " Jack Jouett", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a99": "Paul Revere", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9a": " Charleston", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9b": " Manakin Episcopal Church", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9c": " Texas", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab2": " lace", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab3": "Bucks Point", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab4": " twenty-five widows", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab5": " first half of the eighteenth century", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b3": " Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b4": " one-fifth", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b5": " protest against the occupation of Prussia by Napoleon in 1806-07", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b6": " 1806-07", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b7": " Fredericia (Denmark), Berlin, Stockholm, Hamburg, Frankfurt, Helsinki, and Emden", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b26": " England, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Norway, Denmark, and Prussia", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b27": " C\u00e9vennes", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b28": " Camisards", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b29": " Catholic Church", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b2a": " 1702 and 1709", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b30": " Jacksonville", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b31": " Jean Ribault", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b32": " Fort Caroline", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b33": " French", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b34": " September 1565", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa17": " Charlesfort", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa18": " Fort Caroline", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa19": " Pedro Men\u00e9ndez de Avil\u00e9s", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1a": " 1562", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1b": " Wars of Religion", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3a": " Virginia", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3b": " Lower Norfolk County", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3c": " Monacan village known as Manakin Town", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3d": " 390", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3e": " 12 May 1705", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2b": "1568\u20131609", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2c": " Spain", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2d": "Apologie\"", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2e": " William the Silent", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2f": " French", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b60": " Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b61": " 1708", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b62": " 50,000", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b63": " Andrew Lortie", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b64": " transubstantiation", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b72": " Williamite war", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b73": " William of Orange", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b74": " Dublin, Cork, Portarlington, Lisburn, Waterford and Youghal", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b75": " flax cultivation", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b76": " flax cultivation and the growth of the Irish linen", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa45": "Prince Louis de Cond\u00e9", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa46": " Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbr\u00fccken", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa47": " glass-making works", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa48": " 1890s", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa49": " 1890s", "5711119cb654c5140001fae3": " Duchy of Prussia, the Channel Islands, and Ireland", "5711119cb654c5140001fae4": " Protestant", "5711119cb654c5140001fae6": " Quebec", "5711119cb654c5140001fae5": " Dutch Cape Colony", "5711119cb654c5140001fae7": " They also spread beyond Europe", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcc": " Hugues Capet", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcd": "Hugues hypothesis", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bce": " Janet Gray", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcf": " little Hugos", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bd0": "Hugues hypothesis", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd6": " Jacques Lefevre", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd7": " University of Paris", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd8": " 1530", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd9": " Jacques Lefevre", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bda": " Jacques Lefevre", "57111428b654c5140001faff": " 24 August \u2013 3 October 1572", "57111428b654c5140001fb00": " Catholics", "57111428b654c5140001fb01": " 2,000 and 3,000", "57111428b654c5140001fb02": " 1573", "57111429b654c5140001fb03": " almost 25,000", "571114cfb654c5140001fb09": "Louis XIV", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0a": " increasingly aggressively", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0b": " sent missionaries", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0c": " imposed penalties", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0d": " Escalating, he instituted dragonnades", "5711163bb654c5140001fb13": " Westchester", "5711163bb654c5140001fb14": " Davenports Neck", "5711163bb654c5140001fb15": " John Pell, Lord of Pelham Manor", "5711163bb654c5140001fb16": " La Rochelle", "5711163bb654c5140001fb17": " Trinity-St. Paul's Episcopal Church", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c00": " married outside their immediate French communities", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c01": " married outside their immediate French communities", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c02": " E.I. du Pont, a former student of Lavoisier", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c03": " well into the nineteenth century", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c04": " Eleutherian gunpowder mills", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0a": " Pierre Bayle", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0b": " Rotterdam", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0c": " Historical and Critical Dictionary", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0d": " US Library of Congress", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0e": " Saint Nicolas", "57111992b654c5140001fb43": "The French Protestant Church of London", "57111992b654c5140001fb44": " 1550", "57111992b654c5140001fb45": " Soho Square", "57111992b654c5140001fb46": " Shoreditch", "57111992b654c5140001fb47": " 1724", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3c": " Lutheran and Reformed", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3d": " Saarland; and 1,500 found refuge in Hamburg, Bremen and Lower Saxony", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3e": "Prussia, where they were granted special privileges (Edict of Potsdam", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3f": " Duke of Prussia", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c40": " The Huguenots furnished two new regiments", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c50": "Frederick William", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c51": " Theodor Font", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c52": " Adolf Galland", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c53": " Lothar de Maizi\u00e8re", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c54": " a descendant of a Huguenot family, as is the German Federal Minister of the Interior", "57112686b654c5140001fbd3": " solar power", "57112686b654c5140001fbd4": " Rankine cycle", "57112686b654c5140001fbd5": " steam", "57112686b654c5140001fbd6": " high pressure", "57112686b654c5140001fbd7": " external combustion engines", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb2": " atmospheric engine", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb3": " Thomas Newcomen", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb4": " 1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb5": " steam pump", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb6": " Papin", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc4": " United Kingdom", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc5": " 21 February 1804", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc6": " Abercynon in south Wales", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc7": " south Wales", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc8": " south", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0e": " water pump", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0f": " multi-stage centrifugal pumps", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d10": " 1850s", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d11": " steam locomotives", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d12": " lower-pressure boiler feed water", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d18": " three or four", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d19": " triple and quadruple expansion engines", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1a": " late 19th century", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1b": " marine triple expansion engines", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1c": " 4-cylinder", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d22": " trip mechanisms", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d23": " Joy", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d24": " lengthening rubbing surfaces", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc1f": "Lead fusible plugs", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc20": " the lead melts and the steam escapes", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc21": " the steam escapes", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc22": " manually suppress the fire", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc23": " dampening the fire", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d28": " James Watt", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d29": " rotary", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2a": " ten", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2b": " 1883", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2c": " Industrial Revolution", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d32": " AD", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d33": " Hero of Alexandria", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d34": " Greek", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d35": " Giovanni Branca", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d36": " 1606", "57113f83b654c5140001fc29": " compound engines", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2a": " expansions", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2b": " shipping", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2d": " internal combustion engines", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2c": " Compound engines", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5a": " steam turbines", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5b": " late part of the 19th century", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5c": " several hundred horsepower", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5d": " 90%", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5e": " electric", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6e": " burning combustible materials", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6f": " combustion chamber", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d70": " solar energy", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d71": " electric", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d80": " steam engine indicator", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d81": " 1851", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d82": " Charles Porter", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d83": " Charles Richard", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d84": " London Exhibition", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8a": " 90\u00b0 out of phase", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8b": " 180", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8c": " 90\u00b0", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3d": "counterflow", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3e": " two", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3f": " one rotation of the crank and two piston strokes; the cycle also comprises four", "5711488ab654c5140001fc40": " four", "5711488ab654c5140001fc41": " expansion", "57114aceb654c5140001fc47": " Quasiturbine", "57114aceb654c5140001fc48": " counterflow cycle", "57114aceb654c5140001fc49": " port", "57114b1a2419e31400955575": " oscillating cylinder steam", "57114b1a2419e31400955576": "trunnion", "57114b1a2419e31400955577": " models", "57114b1a2419e31400955578": " ships", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a53": " recycled continuously", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a54": " Rankine cycle can operate as a closed loop system, where the working fluid is recycled continuously, or may be an \"open loop", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a55": " Rankine cycle", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a56": " water", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5b": " working fluid", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5c": " 565 \u00b0C", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5d": " stainless steel", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5f": " 63%", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5e": " 30 \u00b0C", "57114f0050c2381900b54a65": "Steam engines", "57114f0050c2381900b54a66": " railway locomotives, ships, steamboats", "57114f0050c2381900b54a67": " Stanley Steamer", "57114f0050c2381900b54a68": " factories", "57114f0050c2381900b54a69": " increase in the land available for cultivation", "571153422419e3140095557d": " Catch Me Who Can in 1808. Only four years later, the successful twin-cylinder locomotive Salamanca", "571153422419e3140095557e": " Matthew Murray", "571153422419e3140095557f": " twin-cylinder", "571153422419e31400955580": " Middleton Railway", "571153422419e31400955581": " Stockton and Darlington Railway", "5711541350c2381900b54a6f": " Arthur Woolf", "5711541350c2381900b54a70": " British", "5711541350c2381900b54a71": " torque variability", "5711541350c2381900b54a72": " cylinder volume", "571154c72419e31400955587": " 90%", "571154c72419e31400955588": " reciprocating steam engines", "571154c72419e31400955589": " gas turbines", "571154c72419e3140095558a": " steam turbines", "571154c72419e3140095558b": " Turbinia has direct turbines to propellers", "571155ae2419e31400955591": " Rankine cycle", "571155ae2419e31400955592": " removed in a condenser", "571155ae2419e31400955593": " 1990s", "571155ae2419e31400955594": " biomass", "571155ae2419e31400955595": " Scottish", "571156152419e3140095559b": "duty\".", "571156152419e3140095559f": " 17", "571156152419e3140095559e": " energy efficiency", "571156152419e3140095559d": "94 pounds", "571156152419e3140095559c": " Watt", "57115ac550c2381900b54a77": " electric motors and internal combustion engines", "57115ac550c2381900b54a78": " piston type", "57115ac550c2381900b54a79": " turbine type steam engines", "57115ac550c2381900b54a7a": " internal combustion engines", "57115b2850c2381900b54a7f": " Thomas Savery", "57115b2850c2381900b54a80": " water pump", "57115b2850c2381900b54a81": " 1698", "57115b2850c2381900b54a82": " Bento de Moura Portugal", "57115b2850c2381900b54a83": " John Smeaton", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a89": " Richard Trevithick", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8a": " Richard Trevithick", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8b": " 1802", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8c": " transport", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8d": " power", "57115bf350c2381900b54a93": " Energiprojekt AB", "57115bf350c2381900b54a94": " Sweden", "57115bf350c2381900b54a95": " 4", "57115bf350c2381900b54a96": " 4 kg (8.8", "57115bf350c2381900b54a97": " 27-30%", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9d": " surface condensers", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9e": " automobile radiator", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9f": " locations where water is costly.", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa0": "wet", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa1": " 3600", "57115dbe2419e314009555a5": " centrifugal governor", "57115dbe2419e314009555a6": " Boulton", "57115dbe2419e314009555a7": " flour mill", "57115dbe2419e314009555a8": " operations requiring constant speed", "57115dbe2419e314009555a9": " hold a set speed", "57115e532419e314009555af": " 1880", "57115e532419e314009555b0": " railway locomotives", "57115e532419e314009555b1": " complicated", "57115e532419e314009555b2": " 1930", "57115e532419e314009555b3": " road engines", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa7": " reversing", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa8": "kick back", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa9": " evacuate the cylinder", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aaa": " fixed length", "57115f652419e314009555b9": " Jer\u00f3nimo de Ayanz y Beaumont", "57115f652419e314009555ba": " Spanish", "57115f652419e314009555bb": " 1606", "57115f652419e314009555bc": " 1698", "57115f652419e314009555bd": " 1712", "57115ff82419e314009555c3": "rotating discs", "57115ff82419e314009555c4": " a drive shaft", "57115ff82419e314009555c5": "static discs", "57115ff82419e314009555c6": "static discs) fixed to the turbine casing", "57115ff82419e314009555c7": " 3600 revolutions per minute", "5711607f2419e314009555cd": " lower", "5711607f2419e314009555ce": " electric motors", "5711607f2419e314009555cf": " steam turbine plant", "5711607f2419e314009555d0": " Advanced Steam movement", "5711607f2419e314009555d1": " pollution", "571161092419e314009555d7": " Wankel engine", "571161092419e314009555d8": " valve gear", "571161092419e314009555d9": " thermal expansion", "5711619950c2381900b54aaf": "1763\u20131775", "5711619950c2381900b54ab0": " condenser", "5711619950c2381900b54ab1": " half as much coal", "5711619950c2381900b54ab2": " John Smeaton's improved version of Newcomen", "5711619950c2381900b54ab3": " piston into the partial vacuum generated by condensing steam", "5711623e50c2381900b54ab9": " two", "5711623e50c2381900b54aba": " plug valve", "5711623e50c2381900b54abb": " an adjustable spring-loaded valve", "5711623e50c2381900b54abc": " seal", "5711623e50c2381900b54abd": " more power from the engine", "5711628a2419e314009555dd": " Corliss steam engine", "5711628a2419e314009555de": " 1849", "5711628a2419e314009555e1": " 30%", "5711628a2419e314009555df": " 30", "5711628a2419e314009555e0": " Rumford medal", "571163172419e314009555e7": " thermodynamic theory", "571163172419e314009555e8": " Watt", "571163172419e314009555e9": " separate condenser", "571163172419e314009555ea": " Joseph Black", "571163172419e314009555eb": " latent heat", "5711648850c2381900b54ac3": " that during the compression stage relatively little work is required to drive the pump", "5711648850c2381900b54ac4": " liquid phase", "5711648850c2381900b54ac5": " 1% to 3%", "5711648850c2381900b54ac6": " 1500 \u00b0C", "5711651050c2381900b54acb": " an injector", "5711651050c2381900b54acc": " recover the latent heat of vaporisation", "5711651050c2381900b54acd": " superheaters", "5711651050c2381900b54ace": "bunker", "5711651050c2381900b54acf": " a chain or screw stoking mechanism and its drive engine", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad5": "Land-based steam engines could exhaust much of their steam, as feed water", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad6": " British", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad7": " HMS Dreadnought", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad8": " the dreadnought battleships", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad9": " 1905", "571166352419e314009555f1": " water", "571166352419e314009555f2": " a turbine connected to an electrical generator", "571166352419e314009555f3": " electrical generator", "571166352419e314009555f4": " transmission", "571166352419e314009555f5": " Sweden and for express passenger work in Britain", "5711669550c2381900b54adf": " practical Carnot cycle", "5711669550c2381900b54ae0": " condenser", "5711669550c2381900b54ae1": "constant pressure", "5711669550c2381900b54ae2": " rejection (in the condenser) are isobaric (constant pressure) processes in the Rankine cycle and isothermal", "5711669550c2381900b54ae3": " the condenser as a liquid not as a gas", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbd": " 8", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbe": " oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc0": " two", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc1": " half", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbf": " Diatomic oxygen", "571bb2269499d21900609ca9": " 20.8%", "571bb2269499d21900609caa": " oxygen", "571bb2269499d21900609cab": " 8", "571bb2269499d21900609cad": " downward", "571bb2269499d21900609cac": " oxygen", "571c3a685efbb31900334db2": " 8", "571c3a685efbb31900334db3": " chalcogen group", "571c3a685efbb31900334db4": " oxides", "571c3a685efbb31900334db5": " third-most abundant", "571c3a685efbb31900334db6": " dioxygen", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94a": " photosynthesis", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94b": " sunlight", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94c": " high-altitude ozone layer helps protect the biosphere from ultraviolet radiation", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09c": " oxygen", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09d": " water", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09e": " photosynthesis", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09f": " water", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c0a0": "allotrope) of oxygen, ozone", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd5": " Robert Boyle", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd6": " John Mayow", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd7": " nitroaereus", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd8": "1641\u20131679", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a6": " Robert Boyle", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a7": " spiritus nitroaereus", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a8": "1641\u20131679", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a9": " respiration", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0aa": " John Mayow", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a958": " Joseph Priestley", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a959": " mercuric", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95b": "HgO", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95a": " mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b0": " mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b1": "dephlogisticated air", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b2": " 1775", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b3": " he published his findings first", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b4": " more active and lived longer", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdd": " Leonardo da Vinci", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fde": " Philo of Byzantium", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdf": " 2nd century BCE", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fe0": " fire", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0ba": " Philo", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bb": " classical element fire", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bc": " Pneumatica", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bd": " Leonardo da Vinci", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0be": " air", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a960": "Highly concentrated sources of oxygen", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a961": " the source of most of the chemical energy", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a962": " oxygen with a high oxidative", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a963": " Oxygen", "571cebc05efbb31900334e49": " ignition", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4a": " the source of most of the chemical energy released in combustion", "571cebc05efbb31900334e48": " rapid combustion", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4b": " oxidant, not the fuel, but nevertheless the source of most of the chemical energy", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4c": " peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a968": " pure O\n2", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a969": " fire that killed the Apollo 1 crew in a launch pad test spread so rapidly because the capsule was pressurized with pure O\n2", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96a": " slightly more than atmospheric pressure", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96b": " The fire that killed the Apollo 1 crew in a launch pad test spread so rapidly because the capsule was pressurized with pure O\n2", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a0": " fire", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a1": " ignition sources are minimized", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a2": " ignition sources are minimized", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a4": " Apollo 1 crew", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe6": " magnesium", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe7": " carbon dioxide", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe5": " The rest of the Earth's crust is also made of oxygen", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3e": " carbon dioxide", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3f": " mantle", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e40": " mantle", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e41": " mantle", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e42": " silicon", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c4": " monatomic", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c5": " simplest atomic ratios with respect to one another", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c6": " HO", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c7": " hydrogen", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c8": " Avogadro's law", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0ce": " wood or coal", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0cf": " wood or coal", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d0": " non-combustible substances that corrode, such as iron, contained very little. Air", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d1": " metals", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d2": " lighter", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d8": " a covalent double bond", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d9": " two", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0da": " Aufbau", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0db": " chemically bonded to each other", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0dc": " the filling of molecular orbitals formed from the atomic orbitals of the individual oxygen atoms", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e2": " 1773", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e3": " 1774", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e4": " his work was published first. The name oxygen", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e5": " Antoine Lavoisier", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e6": " phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ec": " spin triplet state", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ed": " triplet oxygen", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ee": " unpaired electrons", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ef": " spontaneous", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0f0": " antibonding", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f6": " air", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f7": " weight", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f8": " increased in weight", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f9": " 1777", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0fa": " azote", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c100": " ozone", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c101": "Trioxygen", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c102": " lung tissue", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c103": " a protective radiation shield", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c104": " strongly in the UV region of the spectrum", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10a": " dioxygen", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10b": " dioxygen, O\n2", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10c": " dioxygen, O\n2", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10d": " energy content", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10e": " cellular respiration", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c114": " James Dewar", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c115": " 1891", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c116": " 1895", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c118": " oxyacetylene welding", "571c96095efbb31900334dbc": "Oxygen", "571c96095efbb31900334dbd": " temperature", "571c96095efbb31900334dbe": " 6.04 milliliters (mL) of oxygen per liter, whereas seawater contains about 4.95 mL per liter", "571c96095efbb31900334dbf": " seawater", "571c96095efbb31900334dc0": "7.6 mg\u00b7L\u22121", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11e": " third", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11f": " third most abundant", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c120": " 49.2%", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c121": " oceans", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c122": " ultraviolet radiation", "571caac55efbb31900334dc6": " 19th", "571caac55efbb31900334dc7": " compressing and cooling", "571caac55efbb31900334dc8": " Raoul Pierre Pictet", "571caac55efbb31900334dc9": " a few drops", "571caac55efbb31900334dca": " March 29, 1883", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd0": " silicon wafer exposed to the solar wind in space and returned by the crashed Genesis spacecraft has shown that the Sun", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd1": " oxygen-16", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd2": " Genesis spacecraft", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd3": " silicon wafer exposed to the solar wind", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd4": " dust grains that formed the Earth", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c128": "Singlet oxygen", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c129": " common organic molecules", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12a": " photosynthesis", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12b": " photolysis of ozone by light of short wavelength, and by the immune system", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12c": " Carotenoids", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c132": "Paleoclimatologists", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c133": " water molecules of ice core samples", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c134": " 12%", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c135": " oxygen-18", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c136": " lower global temperatures", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13c": " 687 and 760 nm", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13d": " carbon cycle", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13e": " satellite platform", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13f": " 687 and 760 nm", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c140": " remote sensing scientists have proposed using the measurement of the radiance coming from vegetation canopies", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c146": " paramagnetic", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c147": " liquid oxygen", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c148": " unpaired electrons", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c149": " laboratory", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c14a": " a bridge", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dda": " peroxide, superoxide, and singlet oxygen", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddb": " to destroy invading microbes", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddc": " pathogen attack", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddd": " obligately anaerobic", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dde": " 2.5 billion years ago", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de4": " 90.20 K", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de5": " light sky-blue color", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de6": " liquid nitrogen", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de7": " liquid nitrogen", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de8": " combustible materials", "571cc8815efbb31900334dee": " water bodies", "571cc8815efbb31900334def": " lower", "571cc8815efbb31900334df0": " due to their higher oxygen content", "571cc8815efbb31900334df2": " algae", "571cc8815efbb31900334df1": " biochemical oxygen demand", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c150": " 3.5 billion years ago", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c151": " Paleoproterozoic", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c152": " banded iron", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c153": " 1.7 billion years ago", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c154": " 3\u20132.7 billion years ago", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15a": " oxygen cycle", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15b": " biogeochemical", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15c": " three", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15d": " the oxygen cycle", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15e": " oxygen", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df8": " pressure swing adsorption", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df9": " 93%", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfa": " nitrogen", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfb": " Oxygen gas is increasingly obtained by these non-cryogenic", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfc": " 90% to 93%", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c164": " water", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c165": " molecular oxygen and hydrogen", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c166": " DC electricity", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c167": " water", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c168": " oxygen candles", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16e": " mild euphoric, has a history of recreational use", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16f": " The pharmacological effect is doubtful; a placebo effect", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c170": " performance", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c172": " a placebo effect", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c171": " aerobic", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e03": " gas gangrene", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e04": " carbon monoxide from the heme group of hemoglobin", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e05": " anaerobic bacteria", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e06": " bubbles of inert gas", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17b": " Oxygen therapy", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17a": " heart", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c179": " Oxygen therapy", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c178": " respiration", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17c": " gaseous oxygen", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c182": " electronegativity", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c183": " chemical bonds", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c184": " FeO", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c185": " chemical bonds", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c186": " corrosion", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18d": " cabin depressurization", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18e": " exothermic", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18f": " steady stream of oxygen gas is then produced by the exothermic", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c190": " iron filings into the sodium chlorate inside the canister. A steady stream of oxygen", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c196": " storage methods", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c198": " smaller cylinders", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c197": " specially insulated tankers", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c199": " bulk as a liquid in specially insulated tankers", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c19a": " tankers", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0c": " acid anhydrides (R-CO-O-CO-R); and amides", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0d": " Epoxides", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0e": " feeder materials", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0f": " Epoxides", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e10": " glycerol, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, citric acid, acetic anhydride, and acetamide", "571cde695efbb31900334e16": " phosphate", "571cde695efbb31900334e17": " Only a few", "571cde695efbb31900334e18": " carbohydrates", "571cde695efbb31900334e19": " proteins", "571cde695efbb31900334e1a": " calcium phosphate", "571ce3745efbb31900334e20": " pulmonary fibrosis", "571ce3745efbb31900334e21": " permanent pulmonary fibrosis", "571ce3745efbb31900334e22": " Exposure to a O\n2 partial pressures greater than 160 kPa", "571ce3745efbb31900334e23": " Acute oxygen toxicity", "571ce3745efbb31900334e24": " seizures", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2a": " low total pressures", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2b": " 30 kPa", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2c": " 30 kPa", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2e": " no damage", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2d": " O\n2 partial pressure in the astronaut's arterial blood is only marginally more than normal sea-level O\n2 partial pressure", "571ce6655efbb31900334e34": " elevated partial pressures", "571ce6655efbb31900334e35": " partial pressures", "571ce6655efbb31900334e36": " about 50% oxygen composition", "571ce6655efbb31900334e37": " mechanical ventilators", "571ce6655efbb31900334e38": " 30%\u201350%", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952d": " October 1973", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952e": " US$3 per barrel", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952f": " October 1973", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89530": "shock", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89531": " Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd28": " to avoid being targeted", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd29": " multilateral negotiations", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2a": " January 18, 1974", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2b": " March 1974", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4a": " August 15, 1971", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4b": "rise and fall", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4c": " Because oil was priced in dollars", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4d": " September 1971", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4e": " oil producers' real income decreased", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd3": " less than two percent per year", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd4": " 1971", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd5": " 1973\u20131974", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd6": " the oil shock", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bd": " October 6, 1973", "5725bad5271a42140099d0be": " Iran", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bf": " ten times more", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c0": " Iran", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c1": " \"Of course [the price of oil] is going to rise", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0eb": " American aid to Israel", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ec": " October 16, 1973", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ed": " to continue to cut production in five percent monthly increments until their economic and political objectives were met", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ee": " $1.5 billion", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ef": " a \"principal hostile country", "57261dab38643c19005ad037": " over 100 billion dollars", "57261dab38643c19005ad038": " Sunni extremist groups such as Al-Qaeda and the Taliban", "57261dab38643c19005ad039": " Middle East", "57261dab38643c19005ad03a": " economies had been caught between higher oil prices and lower prices for their own export commodities", "57261dab38643c19005ad03b": " Wahhabism", "57261f9f271a42140099d4a9": " distribution and price disruptions", "57261f9f271a42140099d4aa": " USSR", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ab": " 1973", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ac": " Kissinger", "5726241189a1e219009ac2de": " embargo", "5726241189a1e219009ac2df": " automobiles", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e0": " Macroeconomic problems", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e1": " Arctic", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e2": " five to ten years", "5726487b5951b619008f6edd": " Netherlands", "5726487b5951b619008f6ede": " America", "5726487b5951b619008f6edf": " Netherlands faced a complete embargo, the UK and France", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee0": " Israelis", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee1": " Harold Wilson", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db36": " UK", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db37": " embargo", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db38": " 1973\u201374", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db39": " Germany, Italy, Switzerland and Norway", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db3a": " Sweden", "57264cac708984140094c1b3": "Price controls", "57264cac708984140094c1b4": " to encourage investment", "57264cac708984140094c1b5": " greater scarcity", "57264cac708984140094c1b7": " rationing", "57264d9edd62a815002e80fe": " William E. Simon", "57264d9edd62a815002e80ff": " February 1974", "57264d9edd62a815002e8100": " to coordinate the response to the embargo", "57264d9edd62a815002e8101": " 20%", "57264efddd62a815002e8134": " 55 mph", "57264efddd62a815002e8135": " Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act", "57264efddd62a815002e8136": " Bill Clinton", "57264efddd62a815002e8137": " November 28, 1995", "57264efddd62a815002e8138": " 1977", "572650325951b619008f6fa9": " energy crisis", "572650325951b619008f6faa": " market and technology", "572650325951b619008f6fab": " congresses and presidents", "57265200708984140094c237": " U.S", "57265200708984140094c238": " Saudi Arabia", "57265200708984140094c239": " 10 years", "57265200708984140094c23a": " Arabs", "57265360dd62a815002e819a": " Japan", "57265360dd62a815002e819b": " 71%", "57265360dd62a815002e819c": " declared Japan a \"nonfriendly\" country to encourage it to change its noninvolvement policy", "57265360dd62a815002e819d": " November 22", "57265360dd62a815002e819e": " November 7, 1973", "57265526708984140094c2bd": " Afghanistan", "57265526708984140094c2be": " Saudi Arabia and Iran", "57265526708984140094c2bf": " Saudi Arabia", "57265526708984140094c2c0": " November 2010", "57265526708984140094c2c1": " November 1979", "5726581fdd62a815002e823a": " large cars. Japanese imports, primarily the Toyota Corona, the Toyota Corolla, the Datsun B210", "5726581fdd62a815002e823b": " Japanese", "5726581fdd62a815002e823c": " four cylinder", "5726581fdd62a815002e823d": " Japanese", "572659535951b619008f703f": " 1973", "572659535951b619008f7040": " Toyota Corona Mark II", "572659535951b619008f7041": " passenger space and amenities such as air conditioning, power steering, AM-FM radios, and even power windows", "572659535951b619008f7042": "Acura, Lexus and Infiniti", "57265a58dd62a815002e8270": " Toyota Hilux and the Datsun Truck", "57265a58dd62a815002e8271": " Dodge D-50", "57265a58dd62a815002e8272": " Ford, Chrysler, and GM", "57265a58dd62a815002e8273": " their captive import policy", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829e": " domestic sales", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829f": " four", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a0": " 1985", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a1": " Cadillac DeVille", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a2": " Chevrolet Bel Air, and Ford Galaxie 500", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b8": " 1979", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b9": " 1979", "57265ceddd62a815002e82ba": " Mustang", "57265e11708984140094c3bb": " 1981", "57265e11708984140094c3bc": " 1980s", "57265e11708984140094c3bd": " recover market share", "57265e11708984140094c3be": " $40 per barrel", "5725b41838643c19005acb7f": " Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo", "5725b41838643c19005acb80": " Apollo program", "5725b41838643c19005acb81": " 1968", "5725b41838643c19005acb82": " John F. Kennedy", "5725b41838643c19005acb83": " two", "5725b56589a1e219009abd20": " 1961 to 1972", "5725b56589a1e219009abd21": " Gemini program", "5725b56589a1e219009abd22": " Soviet Union", "5725b56589a1e219009abd23": " Saturn family rockets as launch vehicles. Apollo/Saturn vehicles were also used for an Apollo Applications Program, which consisted of Skylab", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd40": " 1967", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd41": " prelaunch test", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd42": " Budget cuts", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd43": " Five", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd44": " prevented by an oxygen tank explosion", "5725b77889a1e219009abd54": " Apollo 8", "5725b77889a1e219009abd55": " Apollo 17", "5725b77889a1e219009abd56": " 842", "5725b77889a1e219009abd57": " technology incidental to rocketry and manned spaceflight, including avionics, telecommunications, and computers", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d453": " three", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d454": " three", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d455": " Abe Silverstein", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d457": " manned lunar landings", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d456": " early 1960", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe7": " 1960", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe8": " Maxime Faget", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe9": " three", "5725ba5038643c19005acbea": " Hugh L. Dryden", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c7": " John F. Kennedy", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c8": " Soviet Union", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c9": " the massive financial commitment required by a manned Moon landing", "5725bb34271a42140099d0ca": " James E. Webb", "5725bb34271a42140099d0cb": "missile gap", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1d": " Yuri Gagarin", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1e": " Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1f": " one", "5725bc7138643c19005acc20": " refusing to make a commitment", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc31": " April 20", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc32": " Lyndon B. Johnson", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc33": " one week", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc34": "we are neither making maximum effort nor achieving results necessary if this country is to reach a position of leadership.\"", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a5": " Robert R. Gilruth", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a6": " Langley Research Center", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a7": " Houston, Texas", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a8": " Rice University", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a9": " Florida", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdce": " Merritt Island", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdcf": " Kurt H. Debus", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd0": " Director", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd1": " Kennedy", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd7": " 130 million", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd8": " Apollo spacecraft", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd9": " 250,000 feet", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd6": " 130 million cubic foot", "5725c123271a42140099d131": " Dr. George E. Mueller", "5725c123271a42140099d132": " July 23, 1963", "5725c123271a42140099d133": " D. Brainerd Holmes", "5725c123271a42140099d134": " Mueller", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6b": " Air Force missile projects", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6c": " Air Force", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6d": " General Samuel C. Phillips", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6e": " January 1964, until it achieved the first manned landing in July 1969", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6f": " Apollo Program Director", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe44": " a rendezvous", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe45": " 1961", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe46": " Robert Seamans", "5725c604271a42140099d185": " Nicholas E. Golovin", "5725c604271a42140099d186": " July 1961", "5725c604271a42140099d187": " Manned Spacecraft Center", "5725c604271a42140099d188": " Joseph Shea", "5725c604271a42140099d189": " Marshall Space Flight Center", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d531": " Jerome Wiesner", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d532": " Golovin", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d533": " NASA, to chair his own \"Space Vehicle Panel\", ostensibly to monitor, but actually to second-guess NASA", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d534": " July 11, 1962", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a1": "Wiesner", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a2": "No, that's no good\"", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a3": " Lunar Excursion Module", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a4": " Grumman", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d577": " allowing the lander spacecraft to be used as a \"lifeboat\"", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d578": " 13", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d579": " propulsion, electrical power and life support", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d57a": " 1964", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c1": " cone", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c2": " Command/Service Module", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c3": " two", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec8": " three astronauts", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec9": " lunar orbit and back to an Earth ocean", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abeca": " ablative heat shield", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecb": " Parachutes", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecc": " 12,250 pounds", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1b": "A cylindrical Service Module", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1c": " S-band antenna", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1d": " The Service Module was discarded", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1e": " 51,300 pounds (23,300 kg)", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1f": " an orbital scientific instrument package", "5725cda338643c19005acd3f": "North American Aviation", "5725cda338643c19005acd40": " twice the thrust", "5725cda338643c19005acd41": " 1964", "5725cda338643c19005acd42": " Saturn V", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0a": " two", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0b": " Not designed to fly through the Earth's atmosphere or return to Earth, its fuselage was designed totally without aerodynamic considerations", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0d": " 33,300 pounds", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0e": " 3 days", "5725d01989a1e219009abf28": " Wernher von Braun", "5725d01989a1e219009abf29": " Army", "5725d01989a1e219009abf2b": " June 11, 1962", "5725d0e3271a42140099d235": " dummy upper stages filled with water", "5725d0e3271a42140099d236": " 1964 and 1965", "5725d0e3271a42140099d237": " Pegasus satellites", "5725d0e3271a42140099d238": " the frequency and severity of micrometeorite impacts", "5725d2ef271a42140099d255": " Saturn IB", "5725d2ef271a42140099d256": " 1,600,000 pounds", "5725d2ef271a42140099d257": " third stage", "5725d2ef271a42140099d258": " over 40,000 pounds (18,100 kg)", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65b": " Saturn V", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65c": " 33 feet (10.1 m)", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65d": " 103,600", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65e": " burned liquid hydrogen", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6e": " Project Mercury and Gemini", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6f": " two", "5725d51589a1e219009abf70": " Harrison Schmitt", "5725d51589a1e219009abf71": " Apollo 17", "5725d51589a1e219009abf72": " Crews on all development flights", "5725d61038643c19005acdd3": " 32", "5725d61038643c19005acdd4": " Distinguished Service Medal", "5725d61038643c19005acdd5": " 1969", "5725d61038643c19005acdd6": " discipline problems with the Flight Director's orders", "5725d61038643c19005acdd7": " Apollo 8", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde7": " 1966", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde8": " 265.7 nautical miles (492.1 km)", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde9": " 617.1 nautical miles (1,142.9 km) altitude", "5725d6cb38643c19005acdea": " Service Module engine and the Command Module heat shield", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf90": " a crew would fly the first Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf91": " Apollo spacesuit", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf92": " Apollo spacesuit, designed to accommodate lunar extravehicular activity (EVA). The traditional visor", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf93": " water-cooled", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf94": " Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP)", "5725d8a3271a42140099d28f": "Deke Slayton", "5725d8a3271a42140099d290": " Gemini and Apollo programs", "5725d8a3271a42140099d291": " 1966", "5725d8a3271a42140099d292": " Grissom as Command Pilot, White as Senior Pilot, and rookie Donn F. Eisele", "5725d8a3271a42140099d293": " rookie Walter Cunningham", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69b": " canceled", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69c": " August 1967", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69d": " space experiments", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69e": " Apollo 1 backup crew", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ab": " Samuel Phillips", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ac": "tiger team", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ad": " 1967", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ae": " George Mueller", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bd": " North American, and in the altitude chamber", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6be": "Grissom, White, and Chaffee", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bf": " a launch countdown", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6c0": " North American, and in the altitude chamber", "5725dc1638643c19005ace01": " a strange odor in their spacesuits", "5725dc1638643c19005ace02": " January 27, 1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace03": " problems. First the crew noticed a strange odor in their spacesuits", "5725dc1638643c19005ace04": " a strange odor in their spacesuits", "5725dc1638643c19005ace05": " electrical fire began in the cabin, and spread quickly in the high pressure, 100% oxygen atmosphere", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe2": " both houses of Congress", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe3": "deficiencies existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe4": " Apollo Spacecraft Program Office", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe5": " At the insistence", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ed": " nitrogen/oxygen", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ee": " flammable cabin and space suit", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ef": " quick-release", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f0": " Crew members would also exclusively wear modified, fire-resistant Block II space suits", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f1": " Block II", "5725df1838643c19005ace15": " extended-stay lunar landings", "5725df1838643c19005ace16": " successfully accomplished", "5725df1838643c19005ace17": " letters", "5725e08389a1e219009ac010": "AS-501", "5725e08389a1e219009ac011": " Block I CSM on November 9, 1967. The capability of the Command Module's heat shield", "5725e08389a1e219009ac012": " April 4, 1968", "5725e08389a1e219009ac013": " third unmanned test", "5725e152271a42140099d2cd": "Apollo 5", "5725e152271a42140099d2ce": " 37", "5725e152271a42140099d2cf": " George Low", "5725e152271a42140099d2d0": " a computer programming error", "5725e152271a42140099d2d1": "fire-in-the-hole", "5725e28f38643c19005ace23": " Saturn V", "5725e28f38643c19005ace24": " Zond 5", "5725e28f38643c19005ace25": " Christmas Eve", "5725e28f38643c19005ace26": " sending Apollo 8 to orbit the Moon", "5725e28f38643c19005ace27": " animals", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac038": " G mission was achieved on Apollo 11 in July 1969 by an all-Gemini", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac039": " July 1969", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03a": " black-and-white television", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03b": " Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03c": " July 24", "5725e44238643c19005ace35": " Apollo 12 within walking distance of the Surveyor 3", "5725e44238643c19005ace36": " Surveyor 3", "5725e44238643c19005ace37": " removed some parts which they returned to Earth", "5725e44238643c19005ace38": " pointed into the Sun", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d71f": " Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV)", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d720": " Block II spacesuit", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d721": " eight", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d722": " over three days", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d723": " mass", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d729": " a liquid oxygen tank exploded", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72a": " Commander, with two rookies", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72b": " a liquid oxygen tank exploded", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72c": " oxygen tank", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72d": " April 1970", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac086": " 18 and 19", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac087": " shrink", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac088": " museum exhibits", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac089": " 1971", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09e": " extremely old", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09f": " 3.2 billion years", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a0": " KREEP", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a1": " Genesis Rock", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace7f": " highly brecciated", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace80": " impact process effects", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace81": "materials melted near an impact crater", "5725ec7538643c19005ace8f": " $170 billion", "5725ec7538643c19005ace90": " 15", "5725ec7538643c19005ace91": " $20.4 billion", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb3": " Apollo Extension Series", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb4": " Apollo Applications Program", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb5": " Saturn", "5725ef6838643c19005acece": " 1973", "5725ef6838643c19005acecf": " rather than in space", "5725ef6838643c19005aced0": " 1979", "5725ef6838643c19005aced1": " Apollo Telescope Mount", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0be": " SELENE", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0bf": " Apollo 11", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0c0": " colors remains unknown", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cc": " Apollo 8", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cd": " Book of Genesis", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0ce": " one-quarter", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf": " inspiring", "5725f239271a42140099d35d": " Apollo TV", "5725f239271a42140099d35e": " incompatible", "5725f239271a42140099d35f": " lunar footage that had to be converted for the live television broadcast and stored on magnetic telemetry tapes. During the following years, a magnetic tape shortage", "5725f239271a42140099d360": " satellite data", "5725f239271a42140099d361": " Stan Lebar", "5725f39638643c19005acef7": " Nafzger", "5725f39638643c19005acef8": " The video was processed to remove random noise and camera shake without destroying historical legitimacy", "5725f39638643c19005acef9": " kinescope recordings", "5725f39638643c19005acefa": " Lowry Digital", "5725f39638643c19005acefb": " did not include sound quality improvements", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5c": " primary law, secondary law and supplementary law", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5d": " a body of treaties and legislation", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5e": " the Treaties establishing the European Union", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5f": " the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd60": " European Parliament and the Council of the European Union", "5725c28a271a42140099d14d": " a body of treaties and legislation", "5725c28a271a42140099d14e": " direct effect or indirect effect", "5725c28a271a42140099d14f": " primary law, secondary law and supplementary law", "5725c28a271a42140099d150": " European Parliament and the Council of the European Union", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f0": " primary law, secondary law and supplementary law", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f1": " the Treaties establishing the European Union", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f2": " European Parliament and the Council of the European Union", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f3": " three", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d1": " the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d2": " the courts of member states", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d3": " Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d4": " The European Court of Justice", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d5": " case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d503": " the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d504": " Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d505": " Court of Justice of the European Union", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d506": " case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890a": " the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890b": " the courts of member states", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890c": " Court of Justice of the European Union", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890d": " case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d549": " Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU),", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54a": " Directives or Regulations. The European Commission", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54b": " citizens", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54c": " European Court of Justice", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54d": "European Council", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb4": " The TEU", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb5": " Faroe Islands", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb6": " international law", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb7": " if the Treaty provisions have a direct effect", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb8": " soon as they enter into force", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894e": " the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894f": " Gibraltar and the \u00c5land islands", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8950": " soon as they enter into force", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8951": " The Court of Justice of the European Union", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bb": " common rules", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bc": " Treaty of Rome 1957 and the Maastricht Treaty 1992", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bd": " 1985", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5be": " Norway did not", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bf": " Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b0": " common rules for coal and steel, and then atomic energy", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b1": " 1992", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b2": " 1986", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b3": " 1972", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b4": " 1985", "57264865dd62a815002e8062": " Nice Treaty", "57264865dd62a815002e8063": " France and the referendum in the Netherlands", "57264865dd62a815002e8064": " very similar", "57264865dd62a815002e8065": " amending treaty", "57264865dd62a815002e8066": " it did not completely replace them", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c4": " the constitutional law of the European Union", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c5": " single constitutional document", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c6": " referendum in France and the referendum in the Netherlands", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c7": " Lisbon Treaty", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808c": " European Commission", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808d": " the Commission", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808e": " President (currently an ex-Luxembourg Prime Minister, Jean-Claude Juncker", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808f": " one", "57264a8cdd62a815002e8090": " Federica Mogherini", "572691545951b619008f76e1": " Article 17(3)", "572691545951b619008f76e2": " President (currently an ex-Luxembourg Prime Minister, Jean-Claude Juncker", "572691545951b619008f76e3": " a simple majority vote", "572691545951b619008f76e4": " Ireland", "572691545951b619008f76e5": " The Commissioners", "57264e455951b619008f6f65": " Santer Commission", "57264e455951b619008f6f66": " held that a Commissioner giving her dentist a job, for which he was clearly unqualified, did in fact not break any law", "57264e455951b619008f6f67": " Committee of Independent Experts", "57264e455951b619008f6f68": " European Council", "57264e455951b619008f6f69": " do not have voting rights", "5726926a5951b619008f7709": " 1999", "5726926a5951b619008f770a": " Commission v Edith Cresson", "5726926a5951b619008f770b": " Committee of Independent Experts", "5726926a5951b619008f770c": " European Anti-fraud Office", "5726926a5951b619008f770d": " 2012", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbee": " European Parliament and the Council of the European Union", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbef": " the elected representatives in the Parliament cannot initiate legislation against the Commission's wishes", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf0": " every five years", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf1": " 750", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf2": " the Council of the European Union", "5726938af1498d1400e8e446": " Commission", "5726938af1498d1400e8e447": " European Parliament and the Council of the European Union", "5726938af1498d1400e8e448": " 1979", "5726938af1498d1400e8e449": " every five years", "5726938af1498d1400e8e44a": " Parliament elections, take place every five years, and votes for Members of the European Parliament", "5726545f708984140094c2a5": " ministers of the member states", "5726545f708984140094c2a6": " Donald Tusk", "5726545f708984140094c2a7": " inversely", "5726545f708984140094c2a8": " 352", "5726545f708984140094c2a9": " 74 per cent, or 260", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1e": " Council", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1f": " each six months", "57269424dd62a815002e8a20": " 352", "57269424dd62a815002e8a21": " 55 per cent", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fa": " a majority", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fb": " qualified majority", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fc": " harder", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fd": " TEU articles 4 and 5", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fe": " Court of Justice", "572695285951b619008f774b": " 294", "572695285951b619008f774c": " a majority in Parliament", "572695285951b619008f774d": " TEU articles 4 and 5", "572695285951b619008f774e": "Conciliation Committee", "572658435951b619008f7025": "The judicial branch", "572658435951b619008f7026": " Court of Justice of the European Union", "572658435951b619008f7027": " 28", "572658435951b619008f7028": " member state courts (the English Court", "572658435951b619008f7029": " to \"ensure that in the interpretation and application of the Treaties the law is observed\",", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e484": " by assuming the task of interpreting the treaties", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e485": " Court of Justice of the European Union", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e486": " General Court that deals with issues of detail but without general importance. There is also a Civil Service Tribunal", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e487": " three years", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e488": " to \"ensure that in the interpretation and application of the Treaties the law is observed\",", "57265e455951b619008f70bb": " European Court of Justice", "57265e455951b619008f70bc": " the nationalisation law was from 1962", "57265e455951b619008f70bd": " 1962", "5726975c708984140094cb1f": " European Court of Justice and the highest national courts", "5726975c708984140094cb20": " 1964", "5726975c708984140094cb21": " Court of Justice", "572699db5951b619008f7799": " EU law", "572699db5951b619008f779a": " foundational constitutional questions affecting democracy and human rights", "572699db5951b619008f779b": " 1972", "572699db5951b619008f779d": " democracy, the rule of law and the social state principles) then it cannot override German law", "572699db5951b619008f779c": " democracy, the rule of law and the social state principles", "57269aa65951b619008f77ab": " administrative law", "57269aa65951b619008f77ac": " 1986", "57269aa65951b619008f77ad": " All actions", "57269aa65951b619008f77ae": " constitutional law", "57269bb8708984140094cb95": " Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen", "57269bb8708984140094cb96": " TFEU article 30", "57269bb8708984140094cb97": " postal company", "57269bb8708984140094cb98": " Treaty provisions", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b12": " Directives", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b13": " 4", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b14": " 28", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b15": " early 1990s", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e516": " the member state cannot enforce conflicting laws", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e517": " the member state cannot enforce conflicting laws", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e518": " 10 years, from age 18 to 28", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e519": " Swedex GmbH & Co KG", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e51a": " 18 to 28", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e534": "Fourth, national courts", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e535": " incorporations would only be nullified for a fixed list of reasons", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e536": " set up an insurance fund for employees to claim unpaid wages if their employers had gone insolvent", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e537": " 6 million Lira", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e550": " European Court of Justice", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e551": " fundamental rights (see human rights), proportionality, legal certainty, equality before the law and subsidiarity", "5726a09f708984140094cc39": " since the 1950s", "5726a09f708984140094cc3a": " Article 5", "5726a09f708984140094cc3b": " the least onerous", "5726a14c708984140094cc51": " since the 1960s", "5726a14c708984140094cc52": " the 1960s", "5726a14c708984140094cc53": " a proper legal basis", "5726a14c708984140094cc54": " principles of legal certainty and good faith", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b86": " the constitutional traditions common to the member states", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b87": " fundamental rights recognised and protected in the constitutions of member states", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9e": "None", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9f": " member states", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba0": " 1950", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba1": " European Court of Human Rights", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba2": " 1999", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59e": " 12 December 2007", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59f": " Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a0": " European Union law", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a1": " European Court of Justice", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5ae": " 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5af": " 1997", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b0": " 1989", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b1": " 30", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b2": " 40", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd0": " 11", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd1": " 11 of the then 12 member states. The UK", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd2": "Social Chapter\" of the 1992 Maastricht Treaty - instead, an Agreement on Social Policy", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd3": " 1992", "5726a5525951b619008f78dd": " election of the UK Labour Party to government in 1997", "5726a5525951b619008f78de": " 1997", "5726a5525951b619008f78df": " Works Council Directive", "5726a5525951b619008f78e0": " 1996", "5726a5525951b619008f78e1": " workforce consultation", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf6": " France, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Germany", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf7": " 1951", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf8": " cartels", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf9": " Article 65 of the agreement banned cartels and article 66", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bfa": " 1957", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e654": " Article 101", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e655": " the abuse of dominant position", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e656": " Articles 106 and 107", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e657": " Article 102 allows the European Council to regulations to govern mergers between firms (the current regulation is the Regulation 139/2004", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b55": " 2007", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b56": " since the Treaty of Rome 1957", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b57": " consumer prices", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b58": " people who lack bargaining power", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b59": " The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbe": " customs union", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbf": " parallel importers", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc0": " private actors", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc1": " Procureur du Roi v Dassonville", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc2": "trading rules", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e8": " 25 per cent", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e9": " France", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ea": " Walter Rau Lebensmittelwerke v De Smedt PVBA", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8eb": " Belgian law requiring all margarine", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ec": " alcohol content", "5726ba2c708984140094cf59": " Keck and Mithouard", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5a": " prevent cut throat competition", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5b": " Konsumentombudsmannen v De Agostini", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5c": " article 36", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e74": " people to pursue their life goals", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e75": " European Community", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e76": "citizenship", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e77": " Steymann v Staatssecretaris", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e78": " stay, so long as there was at least an \"indirect quid pro quo", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea6": " 1 to 7", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea7": " Jean-Marc Bosman", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea8": " Gaelic", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea9": " Angonese v Cassa di Risparmio di Bolzano", "5726bc1add62a815002e8eaa": " By contrast in Angonese v Cassa di Risparmio di Bolzano", "5726bcde708984140094cfbf": "Citizenship of the EU", "5726bcde708984140094cfc0": " the number of social services that people can access wherever they move", "5726bcde708984140094cfc1": " Commission v Austria", "5726bcde708984140094cfc2": " higher education", "5726c002708984140094d073": " the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5726c002708984140094d074": " if they were non-discriminatory", "5726c002708984140094d075": " Reyners v Belgium", "5726c002708984140094d076": " article 49 has both \"vertical\" and \"horizontal\" direct effect. In Reyners v Belgium", "5726c002708984140094d077": " Reyners v Belgium", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8a": " 2006", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8b": " shipping", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8c": " October 2007", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8d": " 2005", "5726c3da708984140094d0d9": " people", "5726c3da708984140094d0da": " because Dutch law said only people established in the Netherlands could give legal advice", "5726c3da708984140094d0db": " secondary education", "5726c3da708984140094d0dc": " treatment unnecessary", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac4": " Daily Mail", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac5": " \u00a31 of capital", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac6": " \u00a31 of capital", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac7": " Denmark's minimum capital law", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac8": " R (Daily Mail and General Trust plc) v HM Treasury", "5725b81b271a42140099d097": " Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle", "5725b81b271a42140099d098": " 7,000,000", "5725b81b271a42140099d099": " nine", "5725b81b271a42140099d09a": " nine", "5725b81b271a42140099d09b": " over half", "5728349dff5b5019007d9efe": " Amazoneregenwoud", "5728349dff5b5019007d9eff": "Portuguese: Floresta Amaz\u00f4nica", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f00": " Brazil", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f01": " 390 billion", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f02": " 390 billion individual trees divided into 16,000", "5729e2316aef0514001550c4": " moist broadleaf", "5729e2316aef0514001550c5": " 7,000,000", "5729e2316aef0514001550c6": " nine", "5729e2316aef0514001550c7": " Brazil", "5729e2316aef0514001550c8": " 390 billion", "5725be0f271a42140099d117": " Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene", "5725be0f271a42140099d118": " Climate fluctuations", "5725be0f271a42140099d119": " the Oligocene", "5725be0f271a42140099d11a": " at the last glacial maximum", "5725be0f271a42140099d11b": " still managed to thrive", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f94": " Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f95": " 45", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f96": " Climate fluctuations", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f97": " Oligocene", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f98": " retracted to a mostly inland formation at the last glacial maximum. However, the rainforest still managed to thrive", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b5": " Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b6": " 66\u201334", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b7": " Middle Miocene", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b8": " Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b9": " 34 million", "5725c071271a42140099d127": " middle of the continent", "5725c071271a42140099d128": " toward the Atlantic", "5725c071271a42140099d129": " Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5725c071271a42140099d12a": " mid-Eocene", "5725c071271a42140099d12b": " easterly flow toward the Atlantic", "57283d173acd2414000df78f": " mid-Eocene", "57283d173acd2414000df790": " Atlantic", "57283d173acd2414000df791": " Pacific across the Amazonas", "57283d173acd2414000df792": " Amazonas Basin", "57283d173acd2414000df793": " Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5729e6313f37b319004785a9": " mid-Eocene", "5729e6313f37b319004785aa": " middle of the continent by the Purus Arch", "5729e6313f37b319004785ab": " toward the Atlantic", "5729e6313f37b319004785ac": " Pacific across the Amazonas", "5729e6313f37b319004785ad": " Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50b": " Last Glacial Maximum", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50c": " rainfall in the basin during the LGM was lower than for the present, and this was almost certainly associated with reduced moist tropical vegetation cover in the basin", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50d": " that the rainforest was reduced to small, isolated refugia", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50e": " difficult to resolve", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50f": " reasonably well supported by the available data", "572841772ca10214002da1a6": " 21,000", "572841772ca10214002da1a7": " the Last Glacial Maximum", "572841772ca10214002da1a8": " sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes", "572841772ca10214002da1a9": " reduced moist tropical vegetation cover", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa779": " 21,000 years", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77a": " sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77b": " moist tropical", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77c": " open forest and grassland", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77d": " the practical limitations of working in the rainforest mean that data sampling is biased away from the center of the Amazon basin", "5725c63438643c19005acc9f": " CALIPSO", "5725c63438643c19005acca0": " 182 million", "5725c63438643c19005acca1": " 1,600", "5725c63438643c19005acca2": " Atlantic", "5725c63438643c19005acca3": " 132 million", "5728455bff5b5019007da078": " CALIPSO", "5728455bff5b5019007da079": " 182 million tons", "5728455bff5b5019007da07a": " 182 million tons", "5728455bff5b5019007da07b": " 182 million tons", "5728455bff5b5019007da07c": " 182 million tons", "5729ea263f37b319004785bd": " CALIPSO", "5729ea263f37b319004785be": " CALIPSO", "5729ea263f37b319004785bf": " 182 million tons", "5729ea263f37b319004785c0": " 1,600", "5729ea263f37b319004785c1": " 182 million", "5725c95f38643c19005accf3": " Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise", "5725c95f38643c19005accf4": "0.52/sq mi", "5725c95f38643c19005accf5": " agriculture", "5725c95f38643c19005accf6": " Amazon rainforest", "5725c95f38643c19005accf7": " 5 million", "572847dd4b864d19001648bc": " rainforest", "572847dd4b864d19001648bd": " Betty Meggers", "572847dd4b864d19001648be": " 5 million", "572847dd4b864d19001648bf": " Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6c9": " Betty Meggers", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6ca": " Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cb": " 0.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (0.52/sq mi)", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cc": " 5 million", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cd": " 200,000", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed2": " Francisco de Orellana", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed3": " 1540s", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed4": " the spread of diseases from Europe", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed5": " between AD 0\u20131250", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed6": " AD 0\u20131250", "5729edd56aef051400155112": " Francisco de Orellana", "5729edd56aef051400155113": " 1542", "5729edd56aef051400155114": " AD 0\u20131250", "5729edd56aef051400155115": " Alceu Ranzi", "5729edd56aef051400155116": " 11,000", "5725cf3238643c19005acd61": "black earth", "5725cf3238643c19005acd62": "Terra preta (black", "5725cf3238643c19005acd63": " agriculture and silviculture", "5725cf3238643c19005acd64": " Xingu", "5725cf3238643c19005acd65": " Michael Heckenberger", "5729ef266aef05140015511c": "Terra preta", "5729ef266aef05140015511d": " agriculture and silviculture", "5729ef266aef05140015511e": " Xingu tribe", "5729ef266aef05140015511f": " Michael Heckenberger", "5729ef266aef051400155120": " roads, bridges and large plazas", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61b": " 2.5 million", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61c": " 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region. One in five", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61d": " 40,000", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61e": " 1,294 birds, 427 mammals, 428 amphibians, and 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region. One in five", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61f": " between 96,660 and 128,843", "5729f0db6aef051400155126": " 2.5 million", "5729f0db6aef051400155127": " 2.5 million", "5729f0db6aef051400155128": " 40,000", "5729f0db6aef051400155129": " 378", "5729f0db6aef05140015512a": " 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region. One in five", "5726722bdd62a815002e8528": "62", "5726722bdd62a815002e8529": " 16,000", "5726722bdd62a815002e852a": " 90,790", "5726722bdd62a815002e852b": " 356 \u00b1 47 tonnes per hectare", "5726722bdd62a815002e852c": " 438,000", "5729f2646aef051400155130": " average", "5729f2646aef051400155131": "62 acres) of Ecuadorian rainforest supports more than 1,100", "5729f2646aef051400155132": "247 acres) of Amazon rainforest can contain about 90,790", "5729f2646aef051400155133": " 356 \u00b1 47 tonnes", "5729f2646aef051400155134": " 438,000", "5729f3831d0469140077967b": " electric eels", "5729f3831d0469140077967c": " black caiman", "5729f3831d0469140077967d": " piranha", "5729f3831d0469140077967e": " lipophilic alkaloid toxins", "5729f3831d0469140077967f": " Vampire bats", "5729fd56af94a219006aa72f": " Deforestation", "5729fd56af94a219006aa730": " early 1960s", "5729fd56af94a219006aa731": " slash and burn method", "5729fd56af94a219006aa732": " loss of soil fertility and weed invasion", "5729fd56af94a219006aa733": " areas cleared of forest are visible to the naked eye", "5729feaf6aef051400155188": " 415,000 to 587,000", "5729feaf6aef051400155189": " 415,000 to 587,000", "5729feaf6aef05140015518a": " livestock pasture", "5729feaf6aef05140015518b": " second-largest", "5729feaf6aef05140015518c": " 91%", "572a005f1d046914007796b7": " soy farmers", "572a005f1d046914007796b8": " increased settlement and deforestation", "572a005f1d046914007796b9": " 18%", "572a005f1d046914007796bb": " an increase", "572a005f1d046914007796ba": " 18%", "572a020f6aef051400155198": " biodiversity", "572a020f6aef051400155199": " destruction of the forest", "572a020f6aef05140015519a": " loss of biodiversity", "572a020f6aef05140015519b": " 10%", "572a020f6aef05140015519c": " 1.1 \u00d7 1011 metric tonnes", "572a03a06aef0514001551aa": " severely reduced rainfall and increased temperatures", "572a03a06aef0514001551ab": " greenhouse gas", "572a03a06aef0514001551ac": " 2100", "572a03a06aef0514001551ad": " 21st century", "572a03a06aef0514001551ae": " climate change", "572a064a3f37b3190047865d": " indigenous territories", "572a064a3f37b3190047865e": " ethno-biology", "572a064a3f37b3190047865f": " deforestation and ecocide", "572a064a3f37b31900478660": " rainforest communities", "572a064a3f37b31900478661": " Urarina", "572a07c11d046914007796d5": " remote sensing", "572a07c11d046914007796d6": " Trio Tribe", "572a07c11d046914007796d7": " southern Suriname", "572a07c11d046914007796d8": " help strengthen their territorial claims", "572a07c11d046914007796d9": " to protect their tribal lands from commercial interests", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75b": " tree growth stages", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75c": " biomass", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75d": " Tatiana Kuplich", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75e": " 2006", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75f": " Synthetic aperture radar", "572a0b101d046914007796e9": " 2005", "572a0b101d046914007796eb": " Brazilian National Institute of Amazonian Research", "572a0b101d046914007796ec": " deforestation on regional climate", "572a0b101d046914007796ed": " savanna or desert", "572a0b101d046914007796ea": " Woods Hole Research Center", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa76f": " 2010", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa770": " 1,160,000", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa771": " three", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa772": " 2005", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa773": " 1.5 gigatons", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe1": " comb jellies", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe2": " marine waters worldwide", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe3": " 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in)", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf2": " a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf3": " cilia", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf4": " water flow through the body cavity", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf5": " two cells deep", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf6": " the \u2018combs\u2019", "57263eaa38643c19005ad371": " comb jellies", "57263eaa38643c19005ad372": " two cells deep", "57263eaa38643c19005ad373": " water flow through the body cavity", "57263eaa38643c19005ad374": " a phylum of animals that live in marine waters", "57263eaa38643c19005ad375": " marine waters worldwide", "5725bae289a1e219009abd90": " ten times their own weight", "5725bae289a1e219009abd91": " 100\u2013150", "5725bae289a1e219009abd92": " 100\u2013150", "5725c337271a42140099d163": " 100\u2013150", "5725c337271a42140099d164": " retractable tentacles fringed with tentilla", "5725c337271a42140099d165": " ten times their own weight", "5725c337271a42140099d166": " tentacles", "5725c337271a42140099d167": " huge mouths armed with groups of large, stiffened cilia", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ee": " ten times their own weight", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ef": "little tentacles", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f0": " huge mouths armed with groups of large, stiffened cilia", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f1": " egg-shaped bodies and a pair of retractable tentacles", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f2": " 100\u2013150", "5725bc0338643c19005acc11": " hermaphrodites", "5725bc0338643c19005acc12": " miniature cydippids", "5725bc0338643c19005acc13": " In at least some species, juveniles are capable of reproduction", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5e": "a single animal can produce both eggs and sperm", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5f": " produce both eggs and sperm", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe60": " single animal", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe61": " platyctenids", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe62": " The combination of hermaphroditism and early reproduction", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd1": "a single animal can produce both eggs and sperm", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd2": " can produce both eggs and sperm at the same time", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd3": " the eggs and sperm mature at different times", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd4": " platyctenids", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd5": " beroids", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc39": " Black Sea", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3a": " Mnemiopsis", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3b": " over-fishing", "5725c69738643c19005accb9": " other ctenophores", "5725c69738643c19005accba": " it is blamed for causing fish stocks to collapse", "5725c69738643c19005accbb": " fish larvae", "5725c69738643c19005accbc": " coastal locations", "5726431d271a42140099d7f5": " coastal locations", "5726431d271a42140099d7f6": "planktonic plants", "5726431d271a42140099d7f7": " Mnemiopsis", "5726431d271a42140099d7f8": " fish stocks to collapse", "5726431d271a42140099d7f9": " over-fishing and long-term environmental changes", "5725c91e38643c19005acceb": " 66 million years ago", "5725c91e38643c19005accec": " monophyletic", "5725c91e38643c19005acced": " 515 million years ago", "5725c91e38643c19005accee": " no tentacles", "5726449f1125e71900ae1928": " 515 million years ago", "5726449f1125e71900ae1929": " Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction", "5726449f1125e71900ae192a": " monophyletic", "5726449f1125e71900ae192b": " no tentacles", "5725cb33271a42140099d1db": "Ctenophores", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dc": " colloblasts", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dd": " bilaterians", "5725cb33271a42140099d1de": "Ctenophores", "5725cb33271a42140099d1df": " colloblasts", "572646655951b619008f6ebf": "Ctenophores", "572646655951b619008f6ec0": " colloblasts", "572646655951b619008f6ec1": " colloblasts", "572646655951b619008f6ec2": " ctenophores and cnidarians", "572646655951b619008f6ec3": " bilaterians", "572647d0708984140094c14b": " mesoglea", "572647d0708984140094c14c": " triploblastic", "572647d0708984140094c14d": " ctenophores", "572647d0708984140094c14e": " sponges", "572648e8dd62a815002e8076": " comb rows", "572648e8dd62a815002e8077": " locomotion", "572648e8dd62a815002e8078": "ctenes", "572648e8dd62a815002e8079": "hairs\") as their main method of locomotion", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db40": " Pleurobrachia", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db41": " Pleurobrachia", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db42": " to withstand waves and swirling sediment particles", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db43": " Pleurobrachia, Beroe and Mnemiopsis", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a0": " an epithelium, the gastrodermis", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a1": " bioluminescence", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a2": " cilia and well-developed muscles. In other parts of the canal system, the gastrodermis", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a3": " a mouth that can usually be closed by muscles; a pharynx", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a4": " the mouth and pharynx", "57264cfa708984140094c1c3": " swimming-plates", "57264cfa708984140094c1c4": "ctenes", "57264cfa708984140094c1c5": " where the extra compact filament is suspected to have a supporting function", "57264cfa708984140094c1c6": " direction in which the mouth is pointing", "57264cfa708984140094c1c7": " 2 millimeters", "57264e66dd62a815002e811a": " osmotic pressure", "57264e66dd62a815002e811b": " mesoglea", "57264e66dd62a815002e811c": " to increase its bulk and decrease its density", "57264e66dd62a815002e811d": " pump", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5e": " aboral organ", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5f": "at the opposite end from the mouth", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc60": " a transparent dome", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc61": " a statocyst, a balance sensor", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc62": " a balance sensor", "57265746dd62a815002e8218": "sea gooseberry", "57265746dd62a815002e8219": " long, slender tentacles", "57265746dd62a815002e821a": " more cylindrical", "57265746dd62a815002e821b": " sheath", "57265746dd62a815002e821c": " narrow end", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcac": " tentilla", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcad": " mushroom-shaped cells", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcae": " striated muscle", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcaf": " three", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcb0": " capturing prey", "572659ea5951b619008f7051": " eight", "572659ea5951b619008f7052": " near the mouth to the opposite end, and are spaced evenly round the body", "572659ea5951b619008f7053": " round the body", "572659ea5951b619008f7054": " ciliary groove", "57265aaf5951b619008f706b": " lobes", "57265aaf5951b619008f706c": " four auricles, gelatinous projections", "57265aaf5951b619008f706d": " four", "57265aaf5951b619008f706e": " help direct microscopic prey toward the mouth. This combination of structures enables lobates to feed continuously on suspended planktonic prey", "57265aaf5951b619008f706f": " suspended planktonic prey", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd36": " by clapping their lobes", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd37": " escape from danger by clapping their lobes, so that the jet of expelled water drives them backwards very quickly", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd38": " nerves", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd39": " nerves", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd50": " Nuda", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd51": " Beroida", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd52": "zip\" the mouth shut", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd53": "zip\" the mouth shut", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd54": " no feeding appendages, but their large pharynx", "57265e97708984140094c3c3": " Cestida", "57265e97708984140094c3c6": " Cestum veneris", "57265e97708984140094c3c4": "belt animals", "57265e97708984140094c3c5": " by undulating their bodies", "57265e97708984140094c3c7": " Velamen parallelum", "572681c1dd62a815002e8796": " oval bodies that are flattened in the oral-aboral direction, with a pair of tentilla-bearing tentacles", "572681c1dd62a815002e8797": " muscular \"foot\".", "572681c1dd62a815002e8798": " comb-rows", "572681c1dd62a815002e8799": " rocks, algae, or the body surfaces of other invertebrates", "572683075951b619008f7513": " via pores in the epidermis", "572683075951b619008f7514": " internal fertilization and keep the eggs in brood chambers", "572683075951b619008f7515": " Mnemiopsis", "572683075951b619008f7516": " parts of the internal canal network", "572683075951b619008f7517": " external", "572684365951b619008f753f": " tentacles and tentacle sheaths", "572684365951b619008f7540": " among the plankton", "572684365951b619008f7541": " by a more radical metamorphosis", "572684365951b619008f7542": " true larvae", "572684365951b619008f7543": " Beroe", "572686fc708984140094c8e5": " secretions", "572686fc708984140094c8e6": " at much the same wavelengths", "572686fc708984140094c8e7": "ink", "572686fc708984140094c8e8": " adults", "5726887e708984140094c917": " no vegetarians", "5726887e708984140094c918": " jellyfish", "5726887e708984140094c919": " incorporate their prey's nematocysts (stinging cells) into their own tentacles", "5726887e708984140094c91a": " rotifers", "5726887e708984140094c91b": " Lampea", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33c": " it was thought their low ratio of organic matter to salt", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33d": " keta", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33e": " other ctenophores", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33f": " Red Sea", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e340": " ctenophores", "57268c01dd62a815002e8912": " eating both fish larvae and small crustaceans", "57268c01dd62a815002e8913": " via the ballast tanks of ships", "57268c01dd62a815002e8915": " accidental introduction of the Mnemiopsis-eating North American ctenophore Beroe ovata, and by a cooling of the local climate", "57268c01dd62a815002e8914": " late 1980s", "57268c01dd62a815002e8916": " slowed the animal's metabolism", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39c": " soft, gelatinous bodies", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39d": " a comb jelly", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39e": " mid-Cambrian", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39f": " Three", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e3a0": " tentacles", "57268f05dd62a815002e8990": " 515 million years ago", "57268f05dd62a815002e8991": " Cambrian sessile frond-like", "57268f05dd62a815002e8992": " Stromatoveris", "57268f05dd62a815002e8993": " Vendobionta", "57268f05dd62a815002e8994": " Ediacaran", "57269016708984140094ca41": " Bilateria", "57269016708984140094ca42": " Porifera", "572691bedd62a815002e89dc": " beroids", "572691bedd62a815002e89dd": " monophyletic", "572691bedd62a815002e89de": " 65.5 million years ago", "572691bedd62a815002e89df": " Richard Harbison", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4d": "Fresno (/\u02c8fr\u025bzno\u028a/ FREZ-noh), the county seat of Fresno", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4e": " 220 miles", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4f": "ash tree", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd50": " ash leaf", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd51": "ash tree\" in Spanish, and an ash leaf", "5725cfd0271a42140099d225": " 1872", "5725cfd0271a42140099d226": " worried about flooding", "5725cfd0271a42140099d227": " 1885", "5725cfd0271a42140099d228": " 47", "5725cfd0271a42140099d229": " Central Pacific Railroad", "5725d183271a42140099d23d": " 2.7%", "5725d183271a42140099d23e": " Little Armenia, German Town, Little Italy, and Chinatown", "5725d183271a42140099d23f": " Pinedale, in what is now North Fresno, was the site of the Pinedale Assembly Center", "5725d183271a42140099d240": " an interim facility for the relocation of Fresno area Japanese Americans to internment camps", "5725d183271a42140099d241": " an assembly center", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d639": " BankAmericard", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63a": " BankAmericard", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63b": " revolve a balance (earlier financial products could do one or the other but not both", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63c": " 1958", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63d": " Visa Inc", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf58": " Bill Aken", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf59": " Bob Gallion", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5a": " Madera", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5b": " The Fresno Barn", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5c": " Lupe Mayorga", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d687": " three", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d688": " Roeding Park", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d689": " Roeding Park, near Downtown Fresno, is home to the Fresno Chaffee Zoo, and Rotary Storyland and Playland. Kearney Park", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68a": " Woodward Park", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68b": " Kearney Park", "5725d7e438643c19005acdf9": " 1880s and World War II", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfa": " the original Fresno County Courthouse", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfb": " San Joaquin Light & Power Building", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfc": " Hughes Hotel", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b3": " 1964", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b4": " Fulton Mall", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b5": " Pierre-Auguste Renoir", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b6": " near their current locations", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b7": " wide sidewalks", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c5": " Fresno's far southeast side", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c6": " Kings Canyon Avenue and Clovis Avenue", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c7": " 1950s through the 1970s", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c8": " Fresno's far southeast side, bounded by Chestnut Avenue", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c9": " William P. Bell", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfea": " Tower Theatre", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfeb": " 1939", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfec": " water tower", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfed": " Fresno Normal School", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfee": " one-half mile", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d7": " late 1970s", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d8": " second and third run movies", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d9": " 1978", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2da": " Fresno", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2db": " Evita and The Wiz", "5725e45689a1e219009ac048": " restaurants, live theater", "5725e45689a1e219009ac049": " few hundred feet", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04a": " Tower District", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04b": " Tower District", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04c": " Tower District", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d733": " early twentieth century homes", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d734": " Storybook houses", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d735": " contrasts", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d736": " recent decades", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0ae": "Homes from the early 20th century line this boulevard in the heart of the historic Alta Vista Tract. The section of Huntington Boulevard", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0af": " William Stranahan", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b0": " 1914", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b1": " 267", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b2": " Fresno Traction Company", "5725edfe38643c19005ace9f": "Southwest Fresno", "5725edfe38643c19005acea0": " southwest", "5725edfe38643c19005acea1": " African-American", "5725edfe38643c19005acea2": " Hmong or Laotian", "5725edfe38643c19005acea3": "West Side\" of Fresno", "5725f00938643c19005aced7": " M. Theo Kearney", "5725f00938643c19005aced8": " tall palm trees", "5725f00938643c19005aced9": " Fresno Street and Thorne Ave", "5725f00938643c19005aceda": " Brookhaven", "5725f00938643c19005acedb": " Brookhaven, on the southern edge of the West Side", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d76f": " between the 1960s and 1990s", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d770": " Fresno and B streets", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d771": " Foster Farms", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d772": " West Side", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d773": " little", "5725f2c838643c19005aceed": " Ralph Woodward", "5725f2c838643c19005aceee": " 300 acres", "5725f2c838643c19005aceef": " 2,500", "5725f2c838643c19005acef0": " 22", "5725f2c838643c19005acef1": " April through October", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fa": " 1946", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fb": " William Smilie", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fc": " Sierra Sky Park Airport", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fd": " automobiles", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fe": " numerous", "5725f5b1271a42140099d371": " semi-arid climate", "5725f5b1271a42140099d372": " December and January", "5725f5b1271a42140099d373": " 11.5 inches", "5725f5b1271a42140099d374": " northwest", "5725f5b1271a42140099d375": " December, January and February", "5725f6e138643c19005acf19": " 115 \u00b0F", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1a": " January 6, 1913", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1b": " November 1885", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1c": " 2.2 inches", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1d": " 9.54 inches", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf23": " 494,665", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf24": " 245,306 (49.6%)", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf25": " 62,528", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf26": " 30.0%", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf27": " 494,665", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b1": " 68,511", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b2": " 30,547 (19.3%)", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b3": " 30,547", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b4": " 3.62", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b5": " 3.07", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac128": " 427,652", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac129": " 97,915", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12a": " 50.2%", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12b": " a third", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12c": " 4,097.9 people per square mile", "5725fb8138643c19005acf3f": "To avoid interference with existing VHF television stations in the San Francisco Bay Area", "5725fb8138643c19005acf40": " KMJ-TV", "5725fb8138643c19005acf41": " June 1, 1953", "5725fb8138643c19005acf42": " NBC affiliate KSEE", "5725fb8138643c19005acf43": " KGPE", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ad": " State Route 99", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ae": " Sierra Freeway", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3af": "Eisenhower Freeway", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3b0": " west", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7dd": "Fresno", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7de": " 1950s", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7df": " 99", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7e0": " rapidly raising population and traffic in cities along SR 99, as well as the desirability of Federal funding", "5725ff8238643c19005acf49": " Amtrak San Joaquins", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4a": " Downtown Fresno", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4b": " Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway and Union Pacific Railroad", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4c": " San Joaquin Valley Railroad", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4d": " Fresno", "5725d34089a1e219009abf50": " Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching", "5725d34089a1e219009abf51": " provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages", "5725d34089a1e219009abf52": " the theretofore established principles of pre-allocation of network bandwidth", "5725d34089a1e219009abf53": " coining the modern name packet switching", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc2f": " Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc30": " to provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc31": " packet switching", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf78": " networking paradigm", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf79": " a fee per unit of connection time", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf7a": " a fee per unit of information transmitted", "572634a789a1e219009ac56c": " another principal networking paradigm", "572634a789a1e219009ac56d": " dedicated network bandwidth", "572634a789a1e219009ac56e": " fee per unit of connection time", "572634a789a1e219009ac56f": " contrasts with another principal networking paradigm, circuit switching", "5726219489a1e219009ac2ce": " with or without intermediate forwarding nodes", "5726219489a1e219009ac2cf": " by intermediate network nodes asynchronously", "5726219489a1e219009ac2d0": " according to a multiple access scheme", "5726356938643c19005ad2ff": " with or without intermediate forwarding nodes", "5726356938643c19005ad300": " by intermediate network nodes asynchronously", "5726356938643c19005ad301": " multiple access scheme", "5726249538643c19005ad07f": " the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching", "5726249538643c19005ad080": "Baran developed the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching", "5726249538643c19005ad081": " use of a decentralized network with multiple paths between any two points, dividing user messages into message blocks", "5726249538643c19005ad082": " by store and forward switching", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4a": " described a general architecture for a large-scale, distributed, survivable communications network", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4c": " store and forward switching", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc49": " distributed adaptive message block switching", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4b": " use of a decentralized network with multiple paths between any two points, dividing user messages into message blocks", "572629c6271a42140099d6a3": " the same message routing methodology", "572629c6271a42140099d6a4": " packet switching", "572629c6271a42140099d6a5": " a nationwide network in the UK", "572629c6271a42140099d6a6": " ARPANET", "5726378238643c19005ad313": " Donald Davies", "5726378238643c19005ad314": " packet switching", "5726378238643c19005ad315": " it for use in the ARPANET", "5726385e271a42140099d797": " complete addressing information", "5726385e271a42140099d798": " individually", "5726385e271a42140099d799": " a destination address, source address, and port numbers", "5726385e271a42140099d79a": " the original message/data is reassembled in the correct order", "5726398589a1e219009ac58b": " small", "5726398589a1e219009ac58a": " the connection id", "5726398589a1e219009ac589": " address information", "5726398589a1e219009ac588": " a setup phase in each involved node before any packet is transferred to establish the parameters of communication", "57263b1638643c19005ad333": " a handshake between the communicating parties", "57263b1638643c19005ad335": " ISDN's layer two protocol", "57263b1638643c19005ad334": " connection-oriented operations", "57263b1638643c19005ad336": " Frame relay operates principally at layer two", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7b": " 1969", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7c": " Two fundamental differences involved the division of functions and tasks between the hosts at the edge of the network and the network core", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7d": " an example of a datagram protocol", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7e": " virtual call system", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8d": " a proprietary suite of networking protocols", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8e": " local area networks to be established ad hoc", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8f": " addresses", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc90": " AppleTalk system automatically assigned addresses, updated the distributed namespace, and configured any required inter-network routing. It was a plug-n-play", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a2": " CYCLADES", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a3": " network to make the hosts responsible for reliable delivery of data", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a4": " unreliable datagrams and associated end-to-end protocol mechanisms", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a5": " ARPANET architecture", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c3": " a suite of network protocols", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c4": " evolved into a seven-layer OSI-compliant networking protocol", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c5": " seven", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c6": " open standards", "57263fd138643c19005ad37b": " a high-level marketing manager", "57263fd138643c19005ad37c": "Schenectady, Phoenix, Chicago, and Phoenix", "57263fd138643c19005ad37d": " lost money", "57263fd138643c19005ad37e": " a time-sharing system", "5726414e271a42140099d7e5": " Michigan Educational Research Information Triad to explore computer networking between three of Michigan's public universities", "5726414e271a42140099d7e6": " Michigan Educational Research Information Triad", "5726414e271a42140099d7e7": " the mid-1980s", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf5": " the first FCC-licensed public data network", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf6": " Larry Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf7": " making ARPANET technology public", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf8": " X.25", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf9": " GTE", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd13": " an international data communications network", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd14": " host computers (servers)at thousands of large companies, educational institutions, and government agencies", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd15": " via dial-up connections or dedicated async connections", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd16": " build their own dedicated networks", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd17": " to reach locations not on the private network", "572643de5951261400b5195a": " two", "572643de5951261400b5195b": " Bell Northern Research", "572643de5951261400b5195c": " interconnection of national X.25 networks", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404d": " an Australian public X.25 network", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404e": " applications such as on-line betting, financial applications \u2014 the Australian Tax Office made use of AUSTPAC \u2014 and remote terminal access to academic institutions", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404f": " linking a permanent X.25 node to the network", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac6": " the public switched data network", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac7": " the network and the connected users", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac8": " the network and the connected users", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac9": " all these services were managed by the same people within one department of KPN", "5726462b708984140094c117": " Computer Science Network", "5726462b708984140094c118": " to extend networking benefits", "5726462b708984140094c119": " a computer network", "5726472bdd62a815002e8042": " a not-for-profit United States computer networking consortium", "5726472bdd62a815002e8043": " Qwest", "5726472bdd62a815002e8044": " Abilene", "5726472bdd62a815002e8045": " Qwest", "5726472bdd62a815002e8046": " Internet2 Network", "572647e2dd62a815002e805c": " National Science Foundation Network", "572647e2dd62a815002e805d": " advanced research and education networking", "572647e2dd62a815002e805e": " a program of coordinated, evolving projects sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) beginning in 1985 to promote advanced research and education", "572648d1708984140094c15d": " Backbone Network Service", "572648d1708984140094c15e": " installed one of the first ever production OC-48c (2.5 Gbit/s) IP links", "572648d1708984140094c15f": " MCI Telecommunications", "572648d1708984140094c160": " 100", "572648d1708984140094c161": " one of the first ever production OC-48c (2.5 Gbit/s) IP links", "57264684708984140094c123": " Central Asia", "57264684708984140094c124": " killed 30\u201360% of Europe's total population", "57264684708984140094c125": " 30\u201360%", "57264684708984140094c126": " 17th century", "57264684708984140094c127": " 17th century. The plague recurred occasionally in Europe until the 19th century", "572647935951b619008f6ec9": "The plague", "572647935951b619008f6eca": " 1338\u201339", "572647935951b619008f6ecb": " China", "572647935951b619008f6ecc": " 1331", "572647935951b619008f6ecd": " 25 million", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0a": " Genoese traders", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0b": " Jani Beg", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0c": " the infected corpses", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0d": " Kaffa", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0e": " war, famine, and weather", "572648ed5951b619008f6f03": " east", "572648ed5951b619008f6f04": " Russia", "572648ed5951b619008f6f05": " alpine villages", "572648ed5951b619008f6f06": " France, Spain, Portugal and England", "572648ed5951b619008f6f07": " 1349", "57264991f1498d1400e8db2e": " depopulation", "57264991f1498d1400e8db2f": " autumn 1347", "57264991f1498d1400e8db30": " through the port's trade with Constantinople", "57264991f1498d1400e8db31": " north", "57264a74708984140094c18b": "Gasquet", "57264a74708984140094c18c": "Gasquet (1908) claimed that the Latin name atra mors", "57264a74708984140094c18d": "Gasquet", "57264a74708984140094c18e": " 1823", "57264a74708984140094c18f": " Germany", "57264b3edd62a815002e80aa": " bad air", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ab": " the king of France", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ac": " Miasma theory", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ad": " Miasma theory", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c6": " Yersinia pestis", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c7": " Hong Kong in 1894", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c8": " Black Death is the plague", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c9": " The mechanism by which Y. pestis", "57264c42dd62a815002e80ca": " two populations of rodents", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e4": " Francis Aidan Gasquet", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e5": " some form of the ordinary Eastern or bubonic plague", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e6": " 1908", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e7": " rats and fleas", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e8": " Justinian plague", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7a": " 30\u201375%", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7b": " 100%.", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7c": " 80 percent", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7d": " 30\u201375%", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7e": " fever, cough, and blood-tinged sputum", "57264e2f708984140094c1e1": " October 2010", "57264e2f708984140094c1e2": " Yersinia pestis in the Black Death", "57264e2f708984140094c1e3": " Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques", "57264e2f708984140094c1e4": " northern, central and southern Europe", "57264e2f708984140094c1e5": " Y. pestis was the causative agent of the epidemic plague", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbae": "genetic branches) of the Y. pestis genome", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbaf": " Y. p. orientalis and Y. p. medievalis", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb0": " entered Europe in two waves", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb1": " November 1347", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb2": " spring of 1349", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa1": " confirmed", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa2": " England", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa3": " a variant of Y. pestis that may no longer exist", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa4": " October 2011", "5726509bdd62a815002e815a": " J. F. D. Shrewsbury", "5726509bdd62a815002e815b": " the reported rates of mortality in rural areas during the 14th-century pandemic were inconsistent", "5726509bdd62a815002e815c": " contemporary accounts were exaggerations", "5726509bdd62a815002e815d": " the first major work to challenge the bubonic plague theory", "5726509bdd62a815002e815e": " Samuel K. Cohn", "5726516a708984140094c223": " an epidemiological account", "5726516a708984140094c224": " lack of reliable statistics", "5726516a708984140094c225": " over 100%", "5726516a708984140094c226": " figures from the clergy", "5726516a708984140094c227": " 1377", "57265285708984140094c25b": " insufficient to account for a bubonic plague", "57265285708984140094c25c": " marginal significance", "57265285708984140094c25d": " too cold in northern Europe for the survival of fleas", "57265285708984140094c25e": " faster", "57265285708984140094c25f": " 5 to 15 years", "5726534d708984140094c26d": " a combination of bubonic plague with other diseases", "5726534d708984140094c26e": " a combination of anthrax and other pandemics", "5726534d708984140094c26f": " typhus, smallpox and respiratory infections", "5726534d708984140094c270": "a type of \"blood poisoning", "5726534d708984140094c271": " 25", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc28": " 50%", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc29": " Half of Paris's population of 100,000", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2a": " pre-planning and Christian burials", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2b": " 50%", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2c": " the most isolated areas", "572654e2708984140094c2b7": " 14th to 17th centuries", "572654e2708984140094c2b8": " the plague was present somewhere in Europe", "572654e2708984140094c2b9": " almost a million", "5726559edd62a815002e81c8": " propose a range of preincident population figures", "5726559edd62a815002e81c9": " 1350", "5726559edd62a815002e81ca": " 10\u201315%", "5726559edd62a815002e81cb": " 1665", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc68": " 40,000", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc69": " Russia", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6b": " Italian Plague", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6c": " 1654", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6a": " 22", "57265700dd62a815002e820e": " 1.7 million", "57265700dd62a815002e820f": " about half of Naples' 300,000", "57265700dd62a815002e8210": " 300,000", "57265700dd62a815002e8211": " Sweden v. Russia", "57265700dd62a815002e8212": " 1720", "5726577f708984140094c301": " between 1500 and 1850", "5726577f708984140094c302": " 30 to 50 thousand", "5726577f708984140094c303": " second quarter of the 19th century", "5726577f708984140094c304": " two-thirds", "572657d9dd62a815002e8230": " melt", "572657d9dd62a815002e8231": " metamorphic", "572657d9dd62a815002e8232": " a new magma", "572657d9dd62a815002e8233": " igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic", "572657d9dd62a815002e8234": " redeposited and lithified into a sedimentary rock, or be turned into a metamorphic rock due to heat and pressure", "57265d08708984140094c397": " seafloor spreading", "57265d08708984140094c398": " crust and rigid uppermost portion of the upper mantle", "57265d08708984140094c399": " asthenosphere", "57265d08708984140094c39a": " convection of the mantle", "57265d08708984140094c39b": " 1960s", "57265f605951b619008f70db": " Mid-ocean ridges", "57265f605951b619008f70dc": " Arcs", "57265f605951b619008f70dd": " convergent boundaries, where one plate subducts under another. Transform boundaries", "57265f605951b619008f70de": " Alfred Wegener", "57265f605951b619008f70df": " convecting mantle", "57266193dd62a815002e832a": " arrival times of seismic waves", "57266193dd62a815002e832b": " crust and lithosphere on top, the mantle", "57266193dd62a815002e832d": " 410 and 660", "57266193dd62a815002e832e": " wave speeds", "57266193dd62a815002e832c": " crust and lithosphere", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf2": " most recent eon with an expanded scale", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf4": " second scale shows the most recent eon with an expanded scale. The second", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf5": " Holocene", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf6": "P) epoch. Q stands for the Quaternary period", "572665ff708984140094c4c3": " cross-cutting relationships", "572665ff708984140094c4c4": " older", "572665ff708984140094c4c5": " the key bed", "572665ff708984140094c4c6": " younger", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de90": " xenoliths", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de91": " magma or lava flows", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de92": " clasts", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de93": "The principle of inclusions", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de94": " gravel", "572669a9dd62a815002e8416": " faunal succession", "572669a9dd62a815002e8417": " William Smith", "572669a9dd62a815002e8418": " quite complex", "572669a9dd62a815002e8419": " presence", "572669a9dd62a815002e841a": " Charles Darwin", "57266c015951b619008f7237": " 20th century", "57266c015951b619008f7238": " geologists could only use fossils and stratigraphic correlation", "57266c015951b619008f7239": " new absolute ages", "57266c015951b619008f723a": " one another", "57266c015951b619008f723b": " fossil sequences", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8c": " Thermochemical techniques", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8d": " rock passed through its particular closure temperature", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8e": " isotope ratios", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8f": " Dating of lava and volcanic ash layers", "5726701add62a815002e84c8": " horizontal compression", "5726701add62a815002e84c9": " shallow crust", "5726701add62a815002e84ca": "synforms", "5726701add62a815002e84cb": "synforms", "5726701add62a815002e84cc": " anticlines", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe4": "Extension", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe5": " boudins", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe6": " Maria Fold and Thrust Belt", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe7": " metamorphosed", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe8": " faulting", "572673f5708984140094c69b": " Dikes", "572673f5708984140094c69c": " large numbers in areas that are being actively deformed", "572673f5708984140094c69d": " topographic gradients", "572673f5708984140094c69e": " Faulting", "572673f5708984140094c69f": " Deformational events", "57267640f1498d1400e8e074": " layered basaltic lava flows", "57267640f1498d1400e8e075": " Acasta gneiss of the Slave craton", "57267640f1498d1400e8e076": " visible example, the lower rock", "57267640f1498d1400e8e077": " Cambrian time", "57267640f1498d1400e8e078": " Acasta gneiss of the Slave craton in northwestern Canada", "572677e7708984140094c723": "the study of rocks", "572677e7708984140094c724": "the study of sedimentary layers", "572677e7708984140094c725": "the study of positions of rock units", "572677e7708984140094c726": " soils, rivers, landscapes, and glaciers", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ec": " rock samples", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ed": " birefringence, pleochroism, twinning, and interference properties", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ee": " geochemical evolution of rock units", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ef": " the laboratory", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0f0": " optical microscopy and by using an electron microprobe. In an optical mineralogy", "57267b3c5951b619008f7423": " fluid inclusion data and perform high temperature and pressure physical experiments", "57267b3c5951b619008f7424": " fluid inclusion data and perform high temperature and pressure physical experiments", "57267b3c5951b619008f7425": " metamorphic processes and the conditions of crystallization", "57267d52708984140094c7d9": "Structural geologists", "57267d52708984140094c7da": " use microscopic analysis of oriented thin sections of geologic samples", "57267d52708984140094c7db": " microscopic analysis of oriented thin sections of geologic samples", "57267d52708984140094c7dc": " analog and numerical", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872c": " orogenic wedges", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872d": " orogenic wedges", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872e": " sand", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872f": "all angles remain the same", "57267ebfdd62a815002e8730": " Numerical models", "57268066708984140094c821": " laboratory, stratigraphers", "57268066708984140094c822": " geophysical surveys", "57268066708984140094c823": " well logs", "57268066708984140094c824": " computer programs", "57268066708984140094c825": " water, coal, and hydrocarbon", "57268220f1498d1400e8e218": " to provide better absolute bounds on the timing and rates of deposition", "57268220f1498d1400e8e216": " biostratigraphers", "57268220f1498d1400e8e219": " Geochronologists", "57268220f1498d1400e8e217": " Geochronologists", "572683f95951b619008f7525": " Persia", "572683f95951b619008f7526": " Abu al-Rayhan al-Biruni", "572683f95951b619008f7527": " Shen Kuo", "572683f95951b619008f7528": " Ibn Sina", "572683f95951b619008f7529": " fossil animal shells", "57268527708984140094c8bf": "James Hutton", "57268527708984140094c8c0": " Theory of the Earth", "57268527708984140094c8c1": " 1795", "57268527708984140094c8c2": " the Earth must be much older than had previously been supposed in order to allow enough time for mountains to be eroded and for sediments to form new rocks", "572686ac5951b619008f75a9": " William Maclure", "572686ac5951b619008f75aa": " 1809", "572686ac5951b619008f75ab": " 1809", "572686ac5951b619008f75ad": " Observations on the Geology of the United States", "572686ac5951b619008f75ac": " American Philosophical Society", "57268882f1498d1400e8e306": " Principles of Geology", "57268882f1498d1400e8e307": " uniformitarianism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e308": " uniformitarianism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e309": " catastrophism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e30a": "Sir Charles Lyell first published his famous book, Principles of Geology, in 1830. This book, which influenced the thought of Charles Darwin", "5726642f5951b619008f7157": " 103", "5726642f5951b619008f7158": " 103 miles (166 km) south of Edinburgh and 277", "5726642f5951b619008f7159": " English Core Cities Group", "5726642f5951b619008f715a": " Northumberland", "5726642f5951b619008f715b": " Geordie", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de30": " Robert Curthose", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de31": " wool trade", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de32": " wool trade in the 14th century, and later became a major coal", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de33": " 16th", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de34": " Great North Run", "5726660d5951b619008f71b1": " Pons Aelius", "5726660d5951b619008f71b2": " River Tyne", "5726660d5951b619008f71b3": " 2,000", "5726660d5951b619008f71b4": " Hadrian's Wall", "5726660d5951b619008f71b5": " Pictish", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b4": " England", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b5": " Elizabeth", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b6": " 25-foot (7.6 m)", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b7": " William the Lion", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b8": " three", "57266783f1498d1400e8de86": " coal", "57266783f1498d1400e8de87": " Hostmen", "57266783f1498d1400e8de88": " a pointless pursuit", "57266783f1498d1400e8de89": " an eccentric", "57266783f1498d1400e8de8a": " ruin him", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def6": " their families", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def7": " for export to London and elsewhere", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def8": " about 7,000 out of 20,000", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def9": " one-third", "57266a15f1498d1400e8defa": " devastating", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8434": " King", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8435": " the Scots", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8436": " ('with roaring drummes", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8437": " (\"Triumphing by a brave defence", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8438": " Charles I", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df53": " the urbanization of the city", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df54": " Maling company", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df55": " safety lamps", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df52": " prosperity", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df56": " the steam turbine", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df78": " medieval", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df79": " alleys", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7a": " Stairs", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7b": " modern buildings", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7c": " a restaurant situated at a Grade I-listed 16th century merchant's house", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a0": " neoclassical centre", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a1": " England's best-looking city", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a2": " Grey Street", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a3": " 1960s", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a4": " A portion of Grainger Town was demolished in the 1960s to make way for the Eldon Square Shopping Centre", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa4": " Town Moor", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa5": " graze cattle", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa7": " Hoppings funfair", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa8": " June", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa6": " King Harald V of Norway", "57267076708984140094c601": " imposing new office developments", "57267076708984140094c602": " Gateshead Council", "57267076708984140094c603": " Norman Foster", "57267076708984140094c604": " to spearhead the regeneration of the North-East.", "57267076708984140094c605": " ten", "572671165951b619008f72b7": " Grainger Town area", "572671165951b619008f72b8": " between 1835 and 1842", "572671165951b619008f72b9": " four stories", "572671165951b619008f72ba": " 244", "572671e55951b619008f72d7": " Butcher Market", "572671e55951b619008f72d8": " 1835", "572671e55951b619008f72d9": " 2000", "572671e55951b619008f72da": " a grand dinner attended by 2000 guests, and the Laing Art Gallery has a painting of this event", "572671e55951b619008f72db": " English Heritage", "57267383dd62a815002e8552": " oceanic", "57267383dd62a815002e8553": " oceanic (K\u00f6ppen Cfb) and significantly mild", "57267383dd62a815002e8554": " rain shadow", "57267383dd62a815002e8555": " January 1982", "57267383dd62a815002e8556": " the remainder of the British Isles", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03a": " 2010", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03b": " Eldon Square Shopping Centre", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03c": " Bainbridge's", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03d": " by department", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03e": " 2007", "5726769c708984140094c711": " shopping", "5726769c708984140094c712": " suburban", "5726769c708984140094c713": " Tesco", "5726769c708984140094c714": " MetroCentre", "5726769c708984140094c715": " Gateshead", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ac": " Tyneside flat", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ad": " terraces", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ae": " Ouseburn valley", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0af": " Architects", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0b0": " A new development in the Ouseburn valley has recreated them; Architects Cany Ash and Robert Sakula were attracted by the possibilities of high density", "572678c0dd62a815002e863e": " 7.8%),", "572678c0dd62a815002e863f": " 5.9%,", "572678c0dd62a815002e8640": " historic densely occupied, arguably overinflated markets", "572678c0dd62a815002e8641": " inner London, Hastings, Brighton and Tunbridge Wells", "572678c0dd62a815002e8642": " Oxford and Reading, greater than Manchester and Liverpool", "572679c35951b619008f73db": " 2001", "572679c35951b619008f73dc": " Newcastle", "572679c35951b619008f73dd": " student population", "572679c35951b619008f73de": " student population with Newcastle and Northumbria Universities", "572679c35951b619008f73df": " student populations", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e122": " 37.8", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e123": " Scottish or Irish ancestors", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e124": " Border Reiver", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e125": " 500 and 2,000", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e126": " 1%", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a6": " Geordie", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a7": " The Geordie dialect has much of its origins in the language spoken by the Anglo-Saxon populations", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a8": " Modern English", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a9": "larn\" (from the Anglo-Saxon \"laeran", "57267b65dd62a815002e86aa": "dead", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d6": " Scandinavia", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d7": " elsewhere in the Northern United Kingdom", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d8": "go away\" or \"you're kidding\"), all appear to be used in Scots", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d9": "Canny", "57267c63dd62a815002e86da": " Dutch gooien", "57267ce7708984140094c7c9": " Ear Institute at the University College London", "57267ce7708984140094c7ca": " noisiest", "57267ce7708984140094c7cb": " 80.4 decibels", "57267ce7708984140094c7cc": " negative", "57267ce7708984140094c7cd": " motorway underpass", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e194": " Collingwood Street", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e195": " a new indoor complex consisting of bars, upmarket clubs, restaurants and a 12-screen Empire multiplex cinema", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e196": " 12", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e197": "The Pink Triangle", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e198": " bars, caf\u00e9s and clubs", "57267f695951b619008f74bd": " theatre", "57267f695951b619008f74be": " Stephen Kemble", "57267f695951b619008f74bf": " many celebrated seasons", "57267f695951b619008f74c0": " 21 January 1788", "57267f695951b619008f74c1": " Mosley Street", "5726800add62a815002e8750": " theatres", "5726800add62a815002e8751": " Theatre Royal", "5726800add62a815002e8752": " Royal Shakespeare Company", "5726800add62a815002e8753": " local talent", "5726800add62a815002e8754": " the arts capital of the UK", "572680865951b619008f74e7": "The Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle upon Tyne", "572680865951b619008f74e8": " 8000", "572680865951b619008f74e9": " John and Benjamin Green", "572680865951b619008f74ea": " the building was designed by John and Benjamin Green. Operating since 1793 and founded as a \u2018conversation club,\u2019 its lecture theatre", "572680865951b619008f74eb": " Joseph Swan", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fa": " Newcastle Beer Festival", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fb": " April. In May", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fc": " March", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fd": "The Newcastle Beer Festival", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fe": " 2", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23c": "The Hoppings", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23d": " June", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23e": " Temperance Movement", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23f": " cycling", "57268341f1498d1400e8e240": " Northern Pride Festival and Parade", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24c": " Mela", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24e": " Norman Foster designed Sage Gateshead Music and Arts Centre", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24f": " Design Event festival", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e250": " Design Event festival", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24d": " NewcastleGateshead", "5726847f708984140094c8ab": " folk-rock", "5726847f708984140094c8ac": "1971", "5726847f708984140094c8ad": " Skyclad", "5726847f708984140094c8ae": " Skyclad", "5726847f708984140094c8af": " Duran Duran", "57268525dd62a815002e8806": " November 2006 and May 2008", "57268525dd62a815002e8807": " Old Town Hall", "57268525dd62a815002e8808": " three", "57268525dd62a815002e8809": " Classic", "57268525dd62a815002e880a": " Old Town Hall, Gateshead", "57268692dd62a815002e8826": " Newcastle", "57268692dd62a815002e8827": " life on Tyneside", "57268692dd62a815002e8828": " life on Tyneside, including Tyneside's shipbuilding heritage", "57268692dd62a815002e8829": " 2009", "57268692dd62a815002e882a": " Newcastle on Tyne Museum of Antiquities", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e2": " On the Night of the Fire", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e3": " Get Carter", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e4": " thriller", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e5": " Mike Figgis", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e6": " Tommy Lee Jones", "572687e1dd62a815002e8852": " Gosforth Park", "572687e1dd62a815002e8853": " Newcastle Eagles", "572687e1dd62a815002e8854": " Newcastle Diamonds", "572687e1dd62a815002e8855": " Gosforth Park", "572687e1dd62a815002e8856": " Blaydon Race", "57268885dd62a815002e886a": " 6 miles", "57268885dd62a815002e886b": " via the Metro Light Rail system", "57268885dd62a815002e886c": " 20 minutes", "57268885dd62a815002e886d": " over five million", "57268885dd62a815002e886e": " 15 million", "572689385951b619008f761b": " work was completed on the stations historic entrance. Glazing", "572689385951b619008f761c": " six", "572689385951b619008f761d": " Queen Victoria", "572689385951b619008f761e": " Robert Stephenson", "572689385951b619008f761f": " Manors", "572689b6dd62a815002e8890": " three hours", "572689b6dd62a815002e8891": " three hours", "572689b6dd62a815002e8892": " Edinburgh", "572689b6dd62a815002e8893": " CrossCountry trains", "572689b6dd62a815002e8894": " Northern Rail", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88ce": " Tyne and Wear Metro", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88cf": " five", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d0": " deep-level tunnels", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d1": " A bridge", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d2": " 37 million", "57268bb25951b619008f7645": "Metro: All Change.'", "57268bb25951b619008f7646": " smart ticketing", "57268bb25951b619008f7647": "Metro: All Change.' The programme has replaced all ticket machines and introduced ticket gates", "57268bb25951b619008f7648": " an entirely new fleet of trains", "57268bb25951b619008f7649": " trams", "57268d1b708984140094c9cd": " A1", "57268d1b708984140094c9ce": " A69", "57268d1b708984140094c9cf": "Great North Road", "57268d1b708984140094c9d0": " the new line of the A1", "57268d1b708984140094c9d1": " capacity of the Tyne Tunnel", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e6": " 3", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e7": " two", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e8": " Stagecoach", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e9": " the Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Executive", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3ea": " Arriva North East, Go North East and Stagecoach", "57269120708984140094ca59": " 1998", "57269120708984140094ca5a": " social aims and objectives for cycling include: highlighting the usage of cycling", "57269120708984140094ca5b": " healthy", "57269120708984140094ca5c": " one way streets", "57269120708984140094ca5d": " national networks", "5726934f5951b619008f771d": " Danish DFDS Seaways", "5726934f5951b619008f771e": " October 2006", "5726934f5951b619008f771f": " high fuel prices and new competition from low-cost air services", "5726934f5951b619008f7720": " 2008", "5726934f5951b619008f7721": " Thomson cruise lines", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4e": " eleven", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4f": " seven", "57269526dd62a815002e8a50": " Royal Grammar School", "57269526dd62a815002e8a51": " Newcastle College", "57269526dd62a815002e8a52": " Catholic", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6c": " two", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6d": " Newcastle University and Northumbria University", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6e": " Sunday Times University of the Year award", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6f": " polytechnics became new universities", "57269698dd62a815002e8a70": " Northumbria University", "572699b55951b619008f778f": " three", "572699b55951b619008f7790": " 1474", "572699b55951b619008f7791": " Roman Catholic St. Mary's designed by Augustus Welby Pugin and the Coptic Cathedral", "572699b55951b619008f7792": " St Nicholas", "572699b55951b619008f7793": " parish churches", "57269b165951b619008f77b3": "The Parish Church of St Andrew", "57269b165951b619008f77b4": " 1726", "57269b165951b619008f77b5": " the main porch", "57269b165951b619008f77b6": " the last of the ancient churchyards", "57269b165951b619008f77b7": " The church tower", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ca": " City Road", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cb": " The Watermark business park", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cc": " The entrance to studio 5", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cd": " its colouring", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ce": " BBC Radio Newcastle", "57269d745951b619008f77d7": "NE1fm", "57269d745951b619008f77d8": "NE1fm launched on 8 June 2007, the first full-time community radio station in the area. Newcastle Student Radio", "57269d745951b619008f77d9": " most hospitals across Newcastle and Gateshead since 1951", "57269d745951b619008f77da": " Radio Lollipop", "57269d745951b619008f77db": " Newcastle University's student's union building", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e520": " 1770", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e521": " Archbishop of Westminster", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e522": " George Stephenson", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e523": " incandescent light bulb", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e524": " Thailand", "57269fab5951b619008f7807": " Rutherford Grammar School", "57269fab5951b619008f7808": " actors", "57269fab5951b619008f7809": " Nobel Prize", "57269fab5951b619008f780a": " keyed Northumbrian smallpipes", "57269fab5951b619008f780b": " Newcastle", "5726710b708984140094c61d": " Brompton district of the Royal Borough of Kensington", "5726710b708984140094c61e": " over 4.5 million", "5726710b708984140094c61f": " 1852", "5726710b708984140094c620": " Queen Victoria and Prince Albert", "572680ac708984140094c83d": " Brompton district of the Royal Borough of Kensington", "572680ac708984140094c83e": " 1852", "572680ac708984140094c83f": " Queen Victoria and Prince Albert", "572680ac708984140094c840": " Department for Culture, Media and Sport", "572680ac708984140094c841": " 2001", "57268294708984140094c877": " 12.5 acres", "57268294708984140094c878": " 145", "57268294708984140094c879": " 5,000", "57268294708984140094c87a": " Europe, North America, Asia and North Africa", "57268294708984140094c87b": " post-classical sculpture", "572685cd5951b619008f7573": " Great Exhibition of 1851", "572685cd5951b619008f7574": " Henry Cole", "572685cd5951b619008f7575": " Museum of Manufactures", "572685cd5951b619008f7576": " Somerset House", "572685cd5951b619008f7577": " Gottfried Semper", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e378": " Queen Victoria", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e379": " 22 June 1857", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37a": " George Wallis", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37b": " late night openings", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37c": " 1949", "57268f2c708984140094ca25": " between September and November 1946", "57268f2c708984140094ca26": " nearly a million and a half", "57268f2c708984140094ca27": " Council of Industrial Design", "57268f2c708984140094ca28": " Festival of Britain", "57268f2c708984140094ca29": " 1948", "572691d7708984140094ca6d": " rock concert", "572691d7708984140094ca6e": " the V&A became the first museum in Britain to present a rock concert", "572691d7708984140094ca6f": " Roy Strong", "572691d7708984140094ca70": " British progressive folk-rock band Gryphon, who explored the lineage of mediaeval music", "57269656708984140094cafd": " Dundee", "57269656708984140094cafe": " \u00a376 million", "57269656708984140094caff": " the city's waterfront", "57269656708984140094cb00": " fashion, architecture, product design, graphic arts and photography", "57269656708984140094cb01": " five years", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a98": " Sheepshanks Gallery", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a99": " Sheepshanks Gallery", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9a": " Captain Francis Fowke", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9b": " June 1862", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9c": " the offices and board room", "57269c06708984140094cba1": " Owen Jones", "57269c06708984140094cba2": " Italian Renaissance", "57269c06708984140094cba3": " James Gamble & Reuben Townroe", "57269c06708984140094cba4": " James Gamble & Reuben Townroe", "57269c06708984140094cba5": " James Gamble & Reuben Townroe", "57269d68708984140094cbd7": " Philip Webb and William Morris", "57269d68708984140094cbd8": " Edward Burne-Jones", "57269d68708984140094cbd9": " James Gamble", "57269d68708984140094cbda": " Alfred Stevens", "57269d68708984140094cbdb": " Sir Edward Poynter", "5726a0205951b619008f781b": " Colonel (later Major General) Henry Young Darracott Scott", "5726a0205951b619008f781c": " science schools", "5726a0205951b619008f781d": " Cadeby stone", "5726a0205951b619008f781e": "prints, drawings, paintings and photographs", "5726a0205951b619008f781f": " 2008", "5726a2445951b619008f7861": " sgraffito", "5726a2445951b619008f7862": " F. W. Moody", "5726a2445951b619008f7863": " southeast", "5726a2445951b619008f7864": " south side of the garden", "5726a2445951b619008f7865": " F. W. Moody", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5fe": " Aston Webb", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5ff": " red brick and Portland stone", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e600": " 720 feet", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e601": " open work crown", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e602": " open work crown", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4b": " Alfred Drury", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4c": " four", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4d": " Alfred Drury", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4e": " marble", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4f": "Prince Albert", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9e": " Art Library", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9f": " Henry Cole wing", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca0": " a new entrance building", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca1": " Christopher Hay and Douglas Coyne", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca2": " a new entrance building", "5726afeb708984140094cdd7": " Indian, Japanese, Chinese, iron work, the main glass galleries and the main silverware gallery", "5726afeb708984140094cdd8": " mosaic floors", "5726afeb708984140094cdd9": "FuturePlan", "5726afeb708984140094cdda": " South Kensington", "5726afeb708984140094cddb": " Gareth Hoskins", "5726b12f5951b619008f7aaf": " Kim Wilkie", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab0": " John Madejski Garden", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab1": " elliptical", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab2": " receptions, gatherings or exhibition purposes", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab3": " American Sweetgum", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e4": " 2004", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e5": " Royal Institute of British Architects", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e7": " 600,000", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e6": " RIBA Drawings and Archives Collection", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e8": " 700,000", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b99": " Andrea Palladio", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9a": " Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin, Sir George Gilbert Scott, John Loughborough Pearson", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9b": " 330", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9c": " Andrea Palladio are the largest in the world, other Europeans well represented are Jacques Gentilhatre", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9d": " Andrea Palladio are the largest in the world, other Europeans well represented are Jacques Gentilhatre", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6a": " the two top stories of the facade of Sir Paul Pindar's house dated c1600 from Bishopsgate", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6b": " Great Fire of London", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6c": " c1600", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6d": " Montal", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6e": " Alhambra", "5726bc505951b619008f7c79": " 19,000", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7a": " 2006", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7b": " Ardabil Carpet", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7c": " Spain", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7d": " 1909", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c0": " 60,000", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c1": " 10,000", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c2": " 10,000", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c4": " 1991", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c3": " Jawaharlal Nehru gallery", "5726bf325951b619008f7cfd": " 70,000", "5726bf325951b619008f7cfe": " East Asia: China, Japan and Korea", "5726bf325951b619008f7cff": " T. T. Tsui Gallery", "5726bf325951b619008f7d00": " 1991", "5726bf325951b619008f7d01": " Ming and Qing", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd8": " Ando Cloisonn\u00e9", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd9": " 1986", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fda": " 1550 to 1900", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdb": " 1550 to 1900", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdc": " bronze", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de7": " 14th to the 19th century", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de8": " Thailand, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia and Sri Lanka", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de9": " gold, silver, bronze, stone, terracotta and ivory", "5726c80c5951b619008f7dea": " mother-of-pearl", "5726c80c5951b619008f7deb": " gold, silver, bronze, stone, terracotta and ivory", "5726c9a4708984140094d16f": " Leonardo da Vinci", "5726c9a4708984140094d170": " Forster I, Forster II, and Forster III", "5726c9a4708984140094d171": " over 18,000 books", "5726c9a4708984140094d172": " 1876", "5726c9a4708984140094d173": " 1876", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9086": " Charles Dickens and Beatrix Potter", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9087": " Charles Dickens and Beatrix Potter", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9088": " 12th to 16th", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9089": " Joan of Arc", "5726cc11dd62a815002e908a": " Lucas Horenbout", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc4": " Word and Image Department", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc5": " MODES", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc6": " Encoded Archival Description", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc8": " electronic files", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc7": "Search the Collections", "5726cfa3708984140094d209": " 2007", "5726cfa3708984140094d20a": " Factory Project", "5726cfa3708984140094d20b": " Andy Warhol", "5726cfa3708984140094d20c": " 15,000", "5726cfa3708984140094d20d": " catalog everything. The third step of the Factory Project", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f69": " British patrons", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6a": " Asia", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6b": " Gian Lorenzo Bernini", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6c": " Horace Walpole", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6d": " porcelain, cloth and wallpaper", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdb": " increasing emphasis on entertainment and leisure", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecda": " entertainment and leisure", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecde": " John Ruskin", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdc": " mass production", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdd": " Arts and Crafts", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed16": " Trajan's Column", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed17": " cut in half", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed18": " David", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed19": " sculptures, friezes and tombs", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed1a": " a glass case", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e4": " 1731", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e5": " Frederick II the Great", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e6": " 1762", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e7": " 1909", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e8": " museum's stock of Chinese and Japanese ceramics", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd8": " Josiah Wedgwood, William De Morgan and Bernard Leach", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd9": " Britain and Holland", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edda": " a series of elaborately ornamented ceramic stoves", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddb": " 16th and 17th centuries", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddc": " Germany and Switzerland", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ab": " 4000 years", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ac": " 6000", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ad": " Ancient Egypt", "5726de7a5951b619008f80af": " Ren\u00e9 Lalique", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ae": " Ren\u00e9 Lalique", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee52": " 1994", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee53": " Danny Lane", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee54": " 2004", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee55": " Dale Chihuly", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee56": " 1243\u201348", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c4": " over 10,000", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c5": " 2,000", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c6": " Hugh Douglas Hamilton, Thomas Rowlandson", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c7": " Paul Nash", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c8": " Paul Nash", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed8": " over 14,000", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed9": " Word and Image", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eeda": " everyday clothing from previous eras has not generally survived", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedb": " 1913", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedc": " Harrods", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9438": " 2002", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9439": " Vivienne Westwood", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943a": " 178", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943b": " Costiff collection", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943c": " modern", "5726e680dd62a815002e946e": " between 1859 and 1865", "5726e680dd62a815002e946f": " between 1859 and 1865", "5726e680dd62a815002e9470": " cassone. The John Jones Collection of French 18th-century art and furnishings", "5726e680dd62a815002e9471": " 1882", "5726e680dd62a815002e9472": " \u00a3250,000", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a4": " 1580", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a5": " Hans Vredeman de Vries", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a6": " c1750", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a7": " Germany", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a8": " Le Corbusier, Marcel Breuer, Charles and Ray Eames", "5726e9c65951b619008f8247": " over 6000", "5726e9c65951b619008f8248": " Ancient Egypt", "5726e9c65951b619008f8249": " 1869", "5726e9c65951b619008f824a": " 154", "5726e9c65951b619008f824b": " William and Judith Bollinger", "5726ee28708984140094d656": " secular and sacred", "5726ee28708984140094d657": " 1496\u201397", "5726ee28708984140094d658": " 8 tonnes", "5726ee28708984140094d659": " Sir George Gilbert Scott", "5726ee28708984140094d655": " over 10,000", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959e": " c1110", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959f": " gilt bronze", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a0": " St Thomas Becket", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a1": "1180", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a2": " gilt copper", "5726f1ec708984140094d6aa": " over 5,100", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ad": " Bryan Davies", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ab": " Furniture and Europe 1600\u20131800, and that the Horniman Museum", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ac": " 35", "5726f1ec708984140094d6a9": " 2010", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bc": " 1130", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bd": " 1130 British and 650", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0be": " 1130", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bf": " Her Majesty the Queen Elizabeth II", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0c0": " Andr\u00e9s Marzal", "5726f4a0708984140094d6e9": " 1857", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ea": " 233", "5726f4a0708984140094d6eb": " forming a 'A National Gallery of British Art", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ec": " The Hay Wain", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ed": " British", "5726f755708984140094d737": " continental art 1600\u20131800", "5726f755708984140094d738": " Madame de Pompadour", "5726f755708984140094d739": " Carlo Crivelli's Virgin and Child", "5726f755708984140094d73a": " Duc d'Alen\u00e7on", "5726f90b708984140094d75d": " Eadweard Muybridge", "5726f90b708984140094d75e": " 1887", "5726f90b708984140094d75f": " 781", "5726f90b708984140094d760": " different animals and humans", "5726f90b708984140094d761": " James Lafayette", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96ce": " post-classical", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96cf": " 22,000", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d0": " 400 AD to 1914", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d1": " tomb and memorial", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9706": " National Galleries of Scotland", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9707": "Neptune and Triton", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9708": " the ancient Roman statue of Narcissus", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9709": " Giovanni Battista Foggini, Vincenzo Foggini", "5726fc63dd62a815002e970a": " c. 1547", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9732": " 20", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9733": " the sculptor", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9734": " 1914", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9735": " World War I", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9736": " St John the Baptist", "572700c8dd62a815002e976a": " Nicholas Stone", "572700c8dd62a815002e976b": " Nicholas Stone", "572700c8dd62a815002e976c": " Alfred Stevens", "572700c8dd62a815002e976d": "Sculptors both British and Europeans", "572702a3dd62a815002e9790": " Dorothy and Michael Hintze", "572702a3dd62a815002e9791": " 2006", "572702a3dd62a815002e9792": " by theme, tomb sculpture, portraiture, garden sculpture and mythology", "572702a3dd62a815002e9793": " Henry Moore and Jacob Epstein", "572702a3dd62a815002e9794": " Tate Britain", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23c": " 53,000", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23d": " western European though all populated continents", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23e": " 1st century AD", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23f": " western", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f240": " technique", "57270541dd62a815002e97c8": " Cloth of St Gereon", "57270541dd62a815002e97c9": " 15th", "57270541dd62a815002e97ca": " Netherlands", "57270541dd62a815002e97cb": " the hunting of various animals", "57270541dd62a815002e97cc": " Sheldon & Mortlake", "57270676dd62a815002e97f0": " late 14th-century", "57270676dd62a815002e97f1": " William Morris", "57270676dd62a815002e97f2": " 1887", "57270676dd62a815002e97f3": " Marion Dorn", "57270676dd62a815002e97f4": " Serge Chermayeff", "57270817708984140094d8c7": " Theatre Museum", "57270817708984140094d8c8": " 2009", "57270817708984140094d8c9": " UK's biggest national collection of material about live performance in the UK", "57270817708984140094d8ca": " Shakespeare", "57270817708984140094d8cb": " research, exhibitions and other shows", "57270ab9708984140094d8f7": "Conservation", "57270ab9708984140094d8f8": " temperature and light", "57270ab9708984140094d8f9": "interventive", "57270ab9708984140094d8fa": " the V&A Museum of Childhood", "57270ab9708984140094d8fb": "preventive", "57267b755951b619008f7433": " Disney\u2013ABC Television Group", "57267b755951b619008f7434": " 1957", "57267b755951b619008f7435": " Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan", "57267b755951b619008f7436": " Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street", "57267b755951b619008f7437": " Disney Media Networks", "57267ca75951b619008f7469": " October 12, 1943", "57267ca75951b619008f746a": " radio", "57267ca75951b619008f746b": " 1948", "57267ca75951b619008f746c": " ESPN", "57267ca75951b619008f746d": " Capital Cities Communications", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8740": " 232", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8741": " Citadel Broadcasting", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8742": " eight", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8743": " Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8744": " Citadel Broadcasting", "5726808bdd62a815002e8776": " Radio Corporation of America", "5726808bdd62a815002e8777": " NBC Blue and NBC Red", "5726808bdd62a815002e8778": " major cities", "5726808bdd62a815002e8779": " drama", "5726808bdd62a815002e877a": " NBC Blue and NBC Red. The NBC Blue Network", "572681ab708984140094c85d": " Mutual", "572681ab708984140094c85e": " 1938", "572681ab708984140094c85f": " 1940", "572681ab708984140094c860": " RCA give up control of either NBC Red or NBC Blue. At that time, the NBC Red Network", "572681ab708984140094c861": " NBC Blue", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fc": " Mark Woods", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fd": " NBC Blue Network", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fe": " Dillon, Read & Co.", "572684f5dd62a815002e87ff": " David Sarnoff", "572684f5dd62a815002e8800": " $7.5 million", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29e": " Life Savers", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29f": " October 12, 1943", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a0": " George B. Storer", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a1": " president and CEO", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a2": " June 30, 1951", "57268739708984140094c8ed": " Magnetophon tape recorder", "57268739708984140094c8ee": " Paul Whiteman", "57268739708984140094c8ef": " NBC and CBS when, continuing NBC Blue", "57268739708984140094c8f0": " Bing Crosby", "57268739708984140094c8f1": " public service", "57269260dd62a815002e89ea": " $155 million", "57269260dd62a815002e89eb": " ABC1", "57269260dd62a815002e89ec": " September 8, 2007", "57269260dd62a815002e89ed": " the company's attempt to develop ABC International", "57269260dd62a815002e89ee": " United States", "57269344f1498d1400e8e43e": " 1959", "57269344f1498d1400e8e43f": " satellite television", "57269344f1498d1400e8e440": " Japan and Latin America", "57269344f1498d1400e8e441": " The arrival of satellite television ended the need for ABC to hold interests in other countries", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5c": " the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5d": " Japan", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5e": " Mainichi Broadcasting System", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5f": " respective issues with technical problems and flight delays", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb60": " technical problems and flight delays", "5726e5ac708984140094d51b": " Peanuts television specials", "5726e5ac708984140094d51c": " Academy Awards", "5726e5ac708984140094d51d": " 1965", "5726e5ac708984140094d51e": " Academy Awards", "5726e5ac708984140094d51f": " A Charlie Brown Christmas", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef30": " 1974", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef31": " Ryan Seacrest", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef32": " 1954 to 1956", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef33": " New Year's Eve (hosted first by its creator Dick Clark", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef34": " TLC", "5726e671dd62a815002e9464": " General Hospital", "5726e671dd62a815002e9465": " 1963", "5726e671dd62a815002e9466": " The Edge of Night", "5726e671dd62a815002e9467": " The View and The Chew", "5726e671dd62a815002e9468": " 1963", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6e": " ESPN Sports Saturday block", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6c": " 2006", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6b": " 12:00 to 6:00 p.m. Eastern Time", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6a": " NBA", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6d": " The Open Championship golf and The Wimbledon tennis", "5726e860708984140094d579": " Frank Marx", "5726e860708984140094d57a": " VHF channel 7", "5726e860708984140094d57b": " 1947", "5726e860708984140094d57c": " VHF channel 7", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa0": " 108", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa1": " 108", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa2": " DuMont Television Network", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa3": " two of its competing networks, CBS and NBC", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950a": " United Paramount Theatres", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950b": " Paramount Pictures", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950c": " nine", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950d": " CBS", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950e": " Prudential Insurance Company of America", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff2": "Leonard Goldenson", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff3": " William S. Paley", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff4": " June 6, 1951", "5726ed12708984140094d645": " 1952", "5726ed12708984140094d646": " February 9, 1953", "5726ed12708984140094d647": " American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres", "5726ed12708984140094d648": " Paramount Building at 1501 Broadway", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f024": " August 10, 1948", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f025": " October 1948", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f026": " Mount Wilson", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f027": " The Prospect Studios", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c6": " September 30, 1960", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c7": " 1960s", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c8": " William Hanna and Joseph Barbera", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c9": " 1960s", "5726f0865951b619008f82e5": " 1959", "5726f0865951b619008f82e6": " NBC", "5726f0865951b619008f82e7": " 1985", "5726f0865951b619008f82e8": " 1985", "572734af708984140094dae3": " its circle logo", "572734af708984140094dae4": " Troika Design Group", "572734af708984140094dae5": " black-and-yellow", "572734af708984140094dae6": "the dot", "572735a15951b619008f86bf": " Pittard Sullivan", "572735a15951b619008f86c0": " 1998\u20132002", "572735a15951b619008f86c1": "We Love TV\" image campaign", "572735a15951b619008f86c2": " on Demand", "572736625951b619008f86d1": " 1993\u201394", "572736625951b619008f86d2": " 1995\u201396 season", "572736625951b619008f86d3": " 1983", "572736625951b619008f86d4": " \"That Special Feeling", "572736fc5951b619008f86d9": " 1977", "572736fc5951b619008f86da": " black", "572736fc5951b619008f86db": " black", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4be": " Paul Rand", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4bf": " Bauhaus", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c0": " Herbert Bayer", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c1": " 1963\u201364 season", "5727387b5951b619008f86e9": " Disney\u2013ABC was considering a sale of ABC Radio", "5727387b5951b619008f86ea": " October 19, 2005", "5727387b5951b619008f86eb": " six", "57273954708984140094db05": " 2004", "57273954708984140094db06": " Desperate Housewives, Lost and Grey's Anatomy", "57273954708984140094db07": " Anne Sweeney", "57273954708984140094db08": " George Bodenheimer", "57273a0d708984140094db0d": " 2002", "57273a0d708984140094db0e": " Michael Eisner", "57273a0d708984140094db0f": " The Bachelor", "57273a0d708984140094db10": " The Bachelorette", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4da": " Time Warner Cable", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4db": " ABC", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dc": " NBC", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dd": " April 30, 2000", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d6": " 2000", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d7": " The WB", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d8": " CBS", "57273c195951b619008f8721": " August 1999", "57273c195951b619008f8722": " Regis Philbin", "57273c195951b619008f8723": " ABC", "57273c195951b619008f8724": " Meredith Vieira", "57273d19708984140094db3d": " July 31, 1995", "57273d19708984140094db3e": " ABC Inc", "57273d19708984140094db3f": " Knight Ridder", "57273d19708984140094db40": " Robert Iger", "57273d19708984140094db41": " Sports Night", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f508": " 1965\u201366", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f509": " third", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f50a": "Beating the Odds: The Untold Story Behind the Rise of ABC", "57273ef15951b619008f8751": " May 1, 1953", "57273ef15951b619008f8752": " 7 West 66th Street", "57273ef15951b619008f8753": " Baltimore", "57273f9d708984140094db51": " Robert Kintner", "57273f9d708984140094db52": " DuMont Television Network", "57273f9d708984140094db53": "ABC-DuMont", "57273f9d708984140094db54": " $5 million", "5727403af1498d1400e8f526": " Paramount Pictures", "5727403af1498d1400e8f527": " The Lone Ranger", "5727403af1498d1400e8f528": " The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1c": " Warner Bros. Presents. Airing during the 1955\u201356 season, it showcased television adaptations of the 1942 films Kings Row and Casablanca", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1d": " Warner Bros. Presents", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1e": " Walt Disney", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1f": " Warner Bros. Presents.", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53e": " Roy", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53f": " $500,000", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f540": " 1953", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f541": " Disneyland", "572742daf1498d1400e8f550": " Allen Shaw", "572742daf1498d1400e8f551": " Harold L. Neal", "572742daf1498d1400e8f552": "LOVE Radio", "572742daf1498d1400e8f553": " seven", "5727436af1498d1400e8f558": " 1969", "5727436af1498d1400e8f559": " Duel", "5727436af1498d1400e8f55a": " September 1969", "5727436af1498d1400e8f55b": " $400,000", "572743fb708984140094db93": " 1970s", "572743fb708984140094db94": " CBS", "572743fb708984140094db95": " behavioral and demographic", "5727448b5951b619008f87a1": " Monday Night Football", "5727448b5951b619008f87a2": " 2006", "5727448b5951b619008f87a3": " NBC", "5727448b5951b619008f87a4": " 15%\u201316%;", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4e": " 1970", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4f": " 1970", "57274633dd62a815002e9a50": " Worldvision Enterprises", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a66": " cigarette advertising", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a67": " January 2, 1971", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a68": " Henry Plitt", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a69": " Elton Rule", "572747dd5951b619008f87a9": " 1966", "572747dd5951b619008f87aa": " Happy Days", "572747dd5951b619008f87ab": " for developing youth-oriented programming", "572747dd5951b619008f87ac": " Paramount Pictures", "572748745951b619008f87b1": " Fred Pierce", "572748745951b619008f87b2": " Fred Pierce, the newly appointed president of ABC Television, convinced Fred Silverman", "572748745951b619008f87b3": " S.W.A.T", "572748745951b619008f87b4": " November 3, 1975", "5727492f708984140094dbb5": " president of NBC's entertainment division", "5727492f708984140094dbb6": " Laverne & Shirley", "5727492f708984140094dbb7": "jiggle TV", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a90": " Alex Haley", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a91": " Aaron Spelling", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a92": " nine", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a93": " 1976\u201377", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a94": " Soap", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b4": " Roone Arledge", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b5": " ABC News in addition to being president of ABC Sports", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b6": "7 Lincoln Square", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b7": " June 1979", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dc": " June 1978", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dd": " Hugh Downs", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5de": " Barbara Walters", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5df": " MCA Inc", "57274cac708984140094dbdd": " ABC Cable News", "57274cac708984140094dbde": " ABC News Now", "57274cac708984140094dbdf": " WJRT-TV", "57274cac708984140094dbe0": " WJRT-TV", "57274d905951b619008f87e1": "The Writers Guild of America", "57274d905951b619008f87e2": " Duel", "57274d905951b619008f87e3": " Caris & Co.", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f1": " ABC Studios into a new division, ABC Entertainment Group", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f2": " ABC Entertainment Group", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f3": " Citadel Media", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f4": " iTunes", "57274f07708984140094dbed": " 2004", "57274f07708984140094dbee": " 2004", "57274f07708984140094dbef": " Fridays", "57274f07708984140094dbf0": " Wednesdays", "5727504b5951b619008f881d": " 1970", "5727504b5951b619008f881e": " Worldvision Enterprises", "5727504b5951b619008f881f": " Worldvision Enterprises as a syndication distributor, and ABC Circle Films", "5727504b5951b619008f8820": " Turner Broadcasting System", "57275273dd62a815002e9b16": " Buena Vista Television", "57275273dd62a815002e9b17": " Buena Vista Television", "57275273dd62a815002e9b18": " Buena Vista International Television", "57275273dd62a815002e9b19": " the aforementioned Selznick library", "57275339dd62a815002e9b28": " WABC-TV and WPVI-TV", "57275339dd62a815002e9b29": " eight", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2a": " 235", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2b": " 96.26%", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b44": " 1946", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b45": " seal of the Federal Communications Commission", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b46": " 1957", "57275573708984140094dc45": " 2011", "57275573708984140094dc46": " Supernanny, Extreme Makeover: Home Edition", "57275573708984140094dc47": " HD", "57275573708984140094dc48": " Litton's Weekend Aventure", "57275650708984140094dc5f": " 720p high definition", "57275650708984140094dc60": " 1080i HD", "57275650708984140094dc61": " 11", "57275650708984140094dc62": " 720p", "57275743f1498d1400e8f680": " Body of Proof", "57275743f1498d1400e8f681": " Body of Proof", "57275743f1498d1400e8f682": " NBC", "57275743f1498d1400e8f683": " Body of Proof", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b6": " All My Children and One Life to Live", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b7": " Prospect Park", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b8": " General Hospital", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b9": " The Revolution", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6ba": " 18\u201349", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6ca": " 2004", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cb": " CBS", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cc": " The Goldbergs", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cd": " The Neighbors", "57275a505951b619008f889f": " The Middle and Modern Family", "57275a505951b619008f88a0": " Dragon's Den", "57275a505951b619008f88a1": " Sundays", "57275a505951b619008f88a2": " Tim Allen", "57275bfb708984140094dc97": "Daniel Burke", "57275bfb708984140094dc98": " Thomas Murphy", "57275bfb708984140094dc99": " NYPD Blue", "57275bfb708984140094dc9a": " Steven Bochco", "57275bfb708984140094dc9b": " ten", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6da": " 1993", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6db": " DIC Entertainment", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dc": " Time Warner Cable", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dd": " 23.63%", "57275e125951b619008f88d7": " Chicago radio station WLS", "57275e125951b619008f88d8": " May 9, 1960", "57275e125951b619008f88d9": " John Bassett", "57275e125951b619008f88da": " CFTO-TV", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f4": " Wide World of Sports", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f5": " Edgar Scherick", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f6": " Edgar Scherick through his company Sports Programs, Inc. and produced by a young Roone Arledge", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f7": " Sports Programs, Inc. and produced by a young Roone Arledge which featured a different sporting event each broadcast. ABC purchased Sports Programs, Inc", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f706": " American Broadcasting Companies", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f707": " The Newlywed Game", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f708": " The Newlywed Game", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f709": " 1330 Avenue of the Americas", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd8": " 90%", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd9": " Dynasty", "57276166dd62a815002e9bda": " Mork & Mindy", "57276166dd62a815002e9bdb": " Alpha Repertory Television Service", "5727623a5951b619008f8921": " Infinity Broadcasting Corporation", "5727623a5951b619008f8922": " Getty Oil", "5727623a5951b619008f8923": " The Entertainment Channel", "5727623a5951b619008f8924": " Arts & Entertainment Television", "572763a8708984140094dcd9": " Daniel B. Burke", "572763a8708984140094dcda": " chairman and CEO", "572763a8708984140094dcdb": " $465 million", "572763a8708984140094dcdc": " America's Funniest Home Videos", "572763a8708984140094dcdd": " Home Improvement", "572764855951b619008f8951": " General Hospital", "572764855951b619008f8952": " The View and The Chew and the soap opera General Hospital", "572764855951b619008f8953": " 7:00 to 9:00 a.m. weekdays", "572764855951b619008f8954": " Jimmy Kimmel", "57276576dd62a815002e9c18": " New Jersey, Rhode Island and Delaware", "57276576dd62a815002e9c19": "WBMA-LD", "57276576dd62a815002e9c1a": "WBND-LD", "57276576dd62a815002e9c1b": "WLQP-LP", "57276690708984140094dd01": " ABC Circle Films", "57276690708984140094dd02": " ABC Studios", "57276690708984140094dd03": " ABC Television Center", "57276690708984140094dd04": " ABC Television Center", "5727678e5951b619008f8973": " Times Square Studios", "5727678e5951b619008f8974": " Good Morning America and Nightline", "5727678e5951b619008f8975": " Peter Jennings", "5727678e5951b619008f8976": " World News Tonight", "572768d9708984140094dd13": " ABC on Demand", "572768d9708984140094dd14": " Hulu", "572768d9708984140094dd15": " July 6, 2009", "572768d9708984140094dd16": " 27%", "572769e85951b619008f8985": " day after their original broadcast", "572769e85951b619008f8986": " eight", "572769e85951b619008f8987": " fast forwarding of accessed content", "572769e85951b619008f8988": " January 7, 2014", "57276a8f5951b619008f8995": " LoyalKaspar", "57276a8f5951b619008f8996": " four", "57276a8f5951b619008f8997": "ABC Modern\"", "57276a8f5951b619008f8998": " ESPN", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b2": " 14", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b3": " 44% ($117 million). However that year, ABC had only 14", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b4": " All-Channel Receiver Act", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b5": " UHF", "57276d7f708984140094dd3f": " Youngstown", "57276d7f708984140094dd40": " five times lower", "57276d7f708984140094dd41": " WTRF-TV", "57276d7f708984140094dd42": " 1980s", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd0": " Walt Disney Presents", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd1": " Desilu Productions", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd2": " its use of violence", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd3": " April 1959", "5727705f5951b619008f89f3": " ABC Sunday Night Movie", "5727705f5951b619008f89f4": " $15.5 million", "5727705f5951b619008f89f5": " Hanna-Barbera", "5727705f5951b619008f89f6": " The Flintstones", "5727705f5951b619008f89f7": " April 1, 1963", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f840": " ITT", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f841": " Donald F. Turner", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f842": " Department of Justice", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f843": " January 1, 1968", "57277373dd62a815002e9d24": " Capital Cities Communications", "57277373dd62a815002e9d25": " $3.5 billion", "57277373dd62a815002e9d26": " Warren Buffett", "57277373dd62a815002e9d27": " E. W. Scripps Company", "57277373dd62a815002e9d28": " 12", "572774cf5951b619008f8a51": " September 5, 1985", "572774cf5951b619008f8a52": " Capital Cities/ABC, Inc.", "572774cf5951b619008f8a53": " president", "572774cf5951b619008f8a54": " Roone Arledge", "572774cf5951b619008f8a55": " Roone Arledge", "57277585708984140094de2b": " Laverne & Shirley", "57277585708984140094de2c": " Happy Days", "57277585708984140094de2d": " NBC", "57277585708984140094de2e": " The Love Boat", "57277585708984140094de2f": " comedies", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c4": "TGIF", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c5": "Thank Goodness It's Funny", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c6": " Miller-Boyett Productions", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c7": " Warner", "572776e85951b619008f8a7f": " seven", "572776e85951b619008f8a80": " Ralph Nelson-directed Charly", "572776e85951b619008f8a81": " Roone Arledge", "572776e85951b619008f8a82": " 1985", "572776e85951b619008f8a83": " Redwood City, California", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9d": " westerns and detective series", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9e": " 500%", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9f": " between 10% and 18%", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa0": " Ollie Treiz", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa1": " Dick Clark", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90a": " counterprogramming", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90b": " Zorro", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90c": " Life", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90d": " western series", "57277af2708984140094dec3": "WATCH ABC", "57277af2708984140094dec4": " ABC.com", "57277af2708984140094dec5": " Hearst Television", "57277af2708984140094dec6": " WatchESPN", "57277bfc708984140094ded9": " Sinclair Broadcast Group", "57277bfc708984140094deda": " WABM-DT2/WDBB-DT2", "57277bfc708984140094dedb": " Sinclair Broadcast Group", "57277bfc708984140094dedc": " 28", "57277bfc708984140094dedd": " 28", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e76": "Start Here", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e77": " Troika", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e78": " entertainment division", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e79": " entertainment division", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea4": "WFTS-TV and WWSB", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea5": "KMBC-TV and KQTV", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea6": "WZZM and WOTV", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea7": " WWSB, this dates back to when WTSP", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f5": " Mongol Empire", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f6": " nomadic tribes", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f7": " Khwarezmian and Xia controlled lands", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f8": " Central Asia and China", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f9": " Mongol Empire", "5726a00d708984140094cc25": " \u00d6gedei Khan", "5726a00d708984140094cc26": " 1227", "5726a00d708984140094cc27": " Western Xia. He was buried in an unmarked grave somewhere in Mongolia at an unknown location. His descendants extended the Mongol Empire", "5726a00d708984140094cc28": " his sons and grandsons", "5726a00d708984140094cc29": " Mongolia", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e578": " Del\u00fc\u00fcn Boldog", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e579": " Yes\u00fcgei", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57a": " 1162", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57b": " Tatar chieftain", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbc": " Tem\u00fclen", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbd": " Hasar, Hachiun, and Tem\u00fcge", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbe": " B\u00f6rte", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbf": " Khongirad", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bc0": " B\u00f6rte, who was a member of the tribe Khongirad", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb7": " Khasar", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb8": " Temujin's mother", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb9": " Hoelun and her children", "5726a4a9708984140094ccba": " the next several years", "5726a5f65951b619008f7903": " his father's former allies", "5726a5f65951b619008f7904": " cangue", "5726a5f65951b619008f7905": " Jelme and Bo'orchu", "5726a5f65951b619008f7906": " Jelme and Bo'orchu", "5726a5f65951b619008f7907": " river crevice", "5726a784708984140094ccff": " marriages", "5726a784708984140094cd00": " Hoelun", "5726a784708984140094cd01": " Chinese dynasties", "5726a784708984140094cd02": " need for alliances", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c34": " B\u00f6rte of the Onggirat", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c35": " Merkits", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c36": " Jamukha", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c37": " Jochi", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c38": "1185", "5726a9ed5951b619008f7969": " three", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796a": " \u00d6gedei (1189\u20141241), and Tolui", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796b": "1190\u20131232", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796c": " Chagatai (1187\u20141241), \u00d6gedei (1189\u20141241), and Tolui", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796d": " six", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a2": "sworn brother or blood brother", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a3": " his father's anda (sworn brother or blood brother) Toghrul", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a4": " Keraites", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a5": " 20,000", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a6": " Jamukha", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ca": " Mongolian aristocracy", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cb": " Kokochu", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cc": " 1186", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cd": " Battle of Dalan Balzhut", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ce": " Qara Khitai", "5726ae32708984140094cdab": " Yassa code", "5726ae32708984140094cdac": " wealth from future possible war spoils", "5726ae32708984140094cdad": " orphans", "5726ae32708984140094cdae": " wealth from future possible war spoils", "5726af765951b619008f7a51": " Jochi", "5726af765951b619008f7a52": " Jamukha", "5726af765951b619008f7a53": " Toghrul's defeat. Jamukha", "5726af765951b619008f7a54": " Keraite", "5726b0985951b619008f7a91": " his own men", "5726b0985951b619008f7a92": " 1201", "5726b0985951b619008f7a93": "universal ruler", "5726b0985951b619008f7a94": " Subutai", "5726b0985951b619008f7a95": " 1206", "5726b1d95951b619008f7acd": " friendship", "5726b1d95951b619008f7ace": " he did not want disloyal men in his army", "5726b1d95951b619008f7acf": " return to his side", "5726b1d95951b619008f7ad0": " noble death", "5726b879708984140094cf01": " Chinese", "5726b879708984140094cf02": " Jamukha", "5726b879708984140094cf03": " Khasar", "5726b879708984140094cf04": " good intelligence", "5726b879708984140094cf05": " Jamukha (who also wanted to be a ruler of Mongol tribes) and Wang Khan", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf1": " 1206", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf2": " Khuruldai", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf3": "Genghis Khan", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf4": " \u00d6gedei", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf5": " the \"Mongols\" (as they became known collectively). At a Khuruldai, a council of Mongol chiefs", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3b": " Jin dynasty", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3c": " Ming-Tan", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3d": " 1211", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3e": " Kaifeng", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3f": " \u00d6gedei Khan", "5726bd655951b619008f7c9f": " Genghis Khan", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca0": " Mongol Empire", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca1": " two", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca2": " Jebe", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca3": "The Arrow", "5726bf135951b619008f7ce9": " inciting internal revolt", "5726bf135951b619008f7cea": " west of Kashgar", "5726bf135951b619008f7ceb": " Lake Balkhash", "5726bf135951b619008f7cec": " Khwarezmia", "5726bf135951b619008f7ced": " Muslim", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f76": " Shah Ala ad-Din Muhammad", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f77": " Inalchuq", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f78": " Muslim", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f79": " 100,000", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f7a": " Silk Road", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa6": " Tien Shan", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa7": " three", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa8": " the southeast part of Khwarzemia", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa9": " Tolui", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8faa": " Samarkand", "5726c3b3708984140094d0cf": " superior strategy and tactics", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d0": " Otrar", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d1": " molten silver", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d2": " fled rather than surrender", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d3": " Inalchuq", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f5": " Samarkand", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f6": " Bukhara", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f7": " divert a river", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae2": " captured enemies", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae3": " reneged on his surrender terms and executed every soldier that had taken arms against him", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae4": " pyramids of severed heads", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddd": " opened the gates to the Mongols", "5726c7a85951b619008f7dde": " The city leaders", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddf": " Survivors from the citadel were executed, artisans and craftsmen", "5726c7a85951b619008f7de0": " the flail of God", "5726c7a85951b619008f7de1": " young men", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9046": " 1220", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9047": " Subutai", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9048": " Armenia and Azerbaijan", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9049": " Battle of Kalka River", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e904a": " Mstislav the Bold of Halych and Mstislav III", "57272bcb5951b619008f8683": " Batu", "57272bcb5951b619008f8684": " Genghis Khan's grandson Batu and the Golden Horde", "57272bcb5951b619008f8685": " Jebe died on the road back to Samarkand. The famous cavalry expedition led by Subutai and Jebe", "57272bcb5951b619008f8686": " soon afterwards", "57272bcb5951b619008f8687": " Samarkand", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43a": " 1226", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43b": " autumn", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43c": " Mongols", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43d": " Yellow River", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43e": " five stars", "57272dd55951b619008f8697": " Ning Hia", "57272dd55951b619008f8698": " Ma Jianlong", "57272dd55951b619008f8699": " arrows", "57272dd55951b619008f869a": " Liupanshan", "57272dd55951b619008f869b": " executed", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44e": " Jochi", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44f": " Chagatai", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f450": " the invasion of the Khwarezmid Empire", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f451": " \u00d6gedei", "57272ff2708984140094dabd": " Chagatai and Jochi", "57272ff2708984140094dabe": " Chagatai and Jochi", "57272ff2708984140094dabf": " Chagatai", "57272ff2708984140094dac0": " Chagatai and Jochi", "5727311d5951b619008f86ab": " 1226", "5727311d5951b619008f86ac": " Khorasan", "5727311d5951b619008f86ad": " Urgench", "5727311d5951b619008f86ae": " Sultan Muhammad, brought this land to life and gave assistance and support to the Muslims", "5727311d5951b619008f86af": " response to hearing of these plans", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46a": " Yinchuan", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46b": " fell from his horse while hunting", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46c": " arrow", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46d": " Western Xia", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46e": " Oirads", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f474": " without markings", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f475": " Khentii", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f476": " Onon River", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f477": " Genghis Khan Mausoleum", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48c": " Edsen Khoroo", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48d": " Dongshan Dafo Dian", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48e": " Mongolia", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48f": " 1939", "57273455f1498d1400e8f490": " Red Guards", "57273581708984140094daeb": " October 6, 2004", "57273581708984140094daec": " river", "57273581708984140094daed": " Sumerian King Gilgamesh of Uruk and Atilla", "57273581708984140094daee": " horses", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b5": " Genghis Khan", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b4": " Yassa", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b6": " meritocracy", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b7": " Genghis Khan and his family", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b8": " Genghis Khan", "57273887dd62a815002e99a2": " tax exemptions", "57273887dd62a815002e99a3": " Ong Khan", "57273887dd62a815002e99a4": " tolerance", "57273887dd62a815002e99a5": " Shamanist, Buddhist or Christian", "572739a75951b619008f86f7": " T\u00f6regene Khatun", "572739a75951b619008f86f8": " Pax Mongolica", "572739a75951b619008f86f9": " Chinese", "572739a75951b619008f86fa": " civil state", "57273b1a5951b619008f8709": " Chu'Tsai", "57273b1a5951b619008f870a": " they were nomads", "57273b1a5951b619008f870b": " Mongol army after the Jin dynasty", "57273b1a5951b619008f870c": " Khitan rulers", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e2": " Muqali, Jebe and Subutai", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e3": " Karakorum", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e4": " Muqali", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e5": " Subutai and Jebe", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e6": " unwavering loyalty", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f6": " rivers", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f7": " Muslim and Chinese siege engines", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f8": " ambush and counterattack", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f9": " siege warfare", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fa": " Sea of Japan", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fb": " Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fc": " \u00d6gedei Khan", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fd": " 1279", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51e": " Silk Road", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51f": " Turkey", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f520": " tolerant", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f521": " increased communication", "5727404b708984140094db59": " early 1990s", "5727404b708984140094db5a": " his butchery", "5727404b708984140094db5b": " \"Genghis Khan's children\", and to Genghis Khan as the \"father of the Mongols\"", "5727404b708984140094db5c": " unfairly biased", "5727404b708984140094db5d": " unfairly biased", "57274126dd62a815002e9a24": " t\u00f6gr\u00f6g", "57274126dd62a815002e9a25": " Genghis Khan", "57274126dd62a815002e9a26": " Chinggis Khaan International Airport", "57274126dd62a815002e9a27": " to avoid trivialization", "57274126dd62a815002e9a28": " Ulaanbaatar", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63a": " Ikh Zasag", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63b": " illegal matters related to corruption and bribery", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63c": " Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63d": " Ikh Zasag (Great Administration), the first written Mongolian law. \"Ikh Zasag law", "57275250708984140094dc25": " Inner Mongolia region", "57275250708984140094dc26": " 5 million", "57275250708984140094dc27": " Kublai Khan", "57275250708984140094dc28": " Yuan dynasty", "57275250708984140094dc29": " great military leader and political genius", "572753af708984140094dc2f": " Iran", "572753af708984140094dc30": " three-fourths", "572753af708984140094dc31": " 10 to 15 million", "572754cd5951b619008f8863": " Hulagu Khan", "572754cd5951b619008f8864": " Mamluks of Egypt", "572754cd5951b619008f8865": " Ghazan Khan", "572754cd5951b619008f8866": " 1237", "572754cd5951b619008f8867": " Novgorod and Pskov", "572756715951b619008f8877": " Mughal emperors", "572756715951b619008f8878": " Genghis Khan", "572756715951b619008f8879": " Nishapur", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69a": " tengg", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69b": "Lake Baikal", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69c": "right\", \"just\", or \"true", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69d": "ocean", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69e": "Chinggis", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b78": " Chinggis Khaan", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b79": " variety of ways in different languages such as Mongolian Chinggis Khaan", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7a": " simplified Chinese", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7b": " Tem\u00fcjin", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7c": " Ch\u00e9ngj\u00eds\u012b", "5726d8bd708984140094d35b": " pharma", "5726d8bd708984140094d35c": " tobacco and patent medicines", "5726d8bd708984140094d35d": " sorcery or even poison", "5726d8bd708984140094d35e": " outdated or only approproriate", "5726d8bd708984140094d35f": " herbs", "5726d9935951b619008f7fed": " healthcare", "5726d9935951b619008f7fee": " optimal health", "5726d9935951b619008f7fef": " optimisation", "5726d9935951b619008f7ff0": " to ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients", "5726d9935951b619008f7ff1": " quality use of medicines", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b2": " a pharmacist", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b3": " General Pharmaceutical Council", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b4": " pharmacy health care", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b5": " health care professional", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b6": " expert field as medication consultants", "5726db5add62a815002e92d5": " writing a five volume book", "5726db5add62a815002e92d6": " De Materia Medica", "5726db5add62a815002e92d7": " materia medica", "5726db5add62a815002e92d4": " Diocles of Carystus", "5726db5add62a815002e92d8": " Pedanius", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9320": " highly respected", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9321": " Taih\u014d Code", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9322": " Meiji Restoration", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9323": " Ranked positions", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9324": " ranked above the two personal physicians", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee04": " botany and chemistry", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee05": " Muhammad ibn Zakar\u012bya", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee06": " Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee08": " Peter of Abano", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee07": " Avicenna", "5726deed5951b619008f80c5": " 15th century", "5726deed5951b619008f80c6": " Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, Italy", "5726deed5951b619008f80c7": " a museum", "5726deed5951b619008f80c8": " old prescription books and antique drugs", "5726deed5951b619008f80c9": " 1221", "5726e08e5951b619008f810f": " pharmacy legislation", "5726e08e5951b619008f8110": " dealing with patients' prescriptions and patient safety issues", "5726e08e5951b619008f8111": " automation to assist them in their new role dealing with patients' prescriptions and patient safety issues", "5726e08e5951b619008f8112": " patients' prescriptions and patient safety issues", "5726e08e5951b619008f8113": " storage conditions", "5726e179dd62a815002e93ae": " hospitals", "5726e179dd62a815002e93af": " hematology/oncology", "5726e179dd62a815002e93b0": " effectiveness of treatment regimens, safety of medications (i.e., drug interactions) and patient compliance", "5726e179dd62a815002e93b1": " clinical pharmacists", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb2": " the premises of the hospital", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb3": " unit-dose", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb4": " high risk preparations", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb5": " high cost of medications and drug-related technology", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb6": " stock a larger range of medications", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9404": " direct patient care services that optimizes the use of medication and promotes health, wellness, and disease prevention", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9405": " inside hospitals and clinics", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9406": " physicians and other healthcare professionals", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9407": " patient care rounds drug product selection", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9408": " all health care settings", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cb": " creating a comprehensive drug therapy plan for patient-specific problems", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cc": " an evaluation of the appropriateness of the drug therapy", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cd": " drug choice, dose, route, frequency, and duration", "5726e5c95951b619008f81ce": " potential drug interactions", "5726e985dd62a815002e94da": " full independent prescribing", "5726e985dd62a815002e94db": " North Carolina and New Mexico", "5726e985dd62a815002e94dc": " 2011", "5726e985dd62a815002e94dd": " Board Certified Ambulatory Care Pharmacist", "5726e985dd62a815002e94de": " the VA, the Indian Health Service, and NIH", "5726ea985951b619008f8261": " medication regimen review", "5726ea985951b619008f8262": " nursing homes", "5726ea985951b619008f8263": " Omnicare, Kindred Healthcare and PharMerica", "5726ea985951b619008f8264": " because many elderly people are now taking numerous medications but continue to live outside of institutional settings", "5726ea985951b619008f8265": " employ consultant pharmacists and/or provide consulting services", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826b": " about the year 2000", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826c": " brick-and-mortar community pharmacies", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826d": " online pharmacies", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826e": " if they are homebound", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826f": " the method by which the medications are requested and received", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00c": " to avoid the \"inconvenience\" of visiting a doctor or to obtain medications which their doctors were unwilling to prescribe", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00d": " those", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00e": " potentially dangerous", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00f": " prescription drugs without requiring a prescription", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f010": " sell prescription drugs", "5726edecdd62a815002e957e": " ease with which people, youth in particular, can obtain controlled substances", "5726edecdd62a815002e957f": " issued for a legitimate medical purpose by a licensed practitioner acting in the course of legitimate doctor-patient relationship", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05e": " ease with which people, youth in particular, can obtain controlled substances", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05f": " a legitimate medical purpose", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f060": " to ensure that the prescription is valid", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f061": " doctor", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f062": " Vicodin", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f7": " to reduce consumer costs", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f8": " Canada", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f9": " international drug suppliers", "5726f0e35951b619008f82fa": " U.S. citizens", "5726f0e35951b619008f82fb": " legalize importation of medications from Canada and other countries", "5726f2375951b619008f830f": " pharmacy practice science and applied information science", "5726f2375951b619008f8310": " information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor companies", "5726f2375951b619008f8311": " major national and international patient information projects and health system interoperability goals", "5726f2375951b619008f8312": " practice areas of pharmacy, however, they may also work in information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor companies", "5726f2375951b619008f8313": " quickly", "5726f36cdd62a815002e95fe": " 19 of 28 newly FDA approved medications in 2013 being specialty drugs", "5726f36cdd62a815002e95ff": " 19 of 28", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9600": " cancer, hepatitis, and rheumatoid arthritis", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9601": " high cost injectable, oral, infused, or inhaled medications", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9602": " lab monitoring, adherence counseling, and assist patients with cost-containment strategies", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0da": " separately", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0db": " pharmacists", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dc": " American Medical Association", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dd": " 7 to 10 percent", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0de": " give them \"kickback\" payments", "5726f635dd62a815002e9657": " Kingdom", "5726f635dd62a815002e9656": " rural areas in the United Kingdom", "5726f635dd62a815002e9658": " 1.6 kilometres", "5726f635dd62a815002e9659": " 1.6 kilometres", "5726f7715951b619008f838d": " the high risk of a conflict of interest", "5726f7715951b619008f838e": " he or she can then sell more medications to the patient", "5726f7715951b619008f838f": " checks and balances system", "5726f7715951b619008f8391": " directly conflicts with the patient's interest in obtaining cost-effective medication", "5726f7715951b619008f8390": " in obtaining cost-effective medication", "5726f868dd62a815002e9684": " more integral within the health care system", "5726f868dd62a815002e9685": " integral within the health care system", "5726f868dd62a815002e9686": " the clinical services that pharmacists can provide for their patients", "5726f868dd62a815002e9687": " Medication Therapy Management (MTM) includes the clinical services that pharmacists can provide for their patients", "5726f868dd62a815002e9688": " increased patient health outcomes", "5726f96ddd62a815002e9698": " Alberta and British Columbia", "5726f96ddd62a815002e9699": " the Australian Government", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969a": " medicine use reviews", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969b": " pharmaceutical care or clinical pharmacy", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969c": " Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm. D.) degree", "5726fa525951b619008f83f7": " the mortar and pestle", "5726fa525951b619008f83f8": " show globe", "5726fa525951b619008f83f9": " Netherlands", "5726fa525951b619008f83fa": " Germany and Austria", "5726fa525951b619008f83fb": " France, Argentina, the United Kingdom, Belgium, Ireland, Italy, Spain, and India", "5726e65e708984140094d53d": " a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism", "5726e65e708984140094d53e": " disease", "5726e65e708984140094d53f": " innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity", "5726e65e708984140094d540": " humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity. In humans, the blood\u2013brain barrier", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efda": " a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdb": " disease", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdc": " innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity", "5728eff82ca10214002daadc": " disease", "5728eff82ca10214002daadd": " pathogens", "5728eff82ca10214002daade": " humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity. In humans, the blood\u2013brain barrier", "5728eff82ca10214002daadf": " blood\u2013brain barrier, blood\u2013cerebrospinal fluid barrier, and similar fluid\u2013brain barriers", "572a14af3f37b319004786c1": " pathogens", "572a14af3f37b319004786c3": " innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity", "572a14af3f37b319004786c2": " humoral immunity", "572a14af3f37b319004786c4": " humoral immunity", "5726eb785951b619008f8275": " by the immune system", "5726eb785951b619008f8276": " rudimentary", "5726eb785951b619008f8277": " plants and invertebrates", "5726eb785951b619008f8278": " creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leading to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that same pathogen", "572a135daf94a219006aa79f": " bacteriophage", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a0": " defensins", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a1": " vaccination", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a2": " acquired) immunity", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe2": " autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe3": " when the immune system is less active than normal", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe4": " recurring and life-threatening infections", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe5": " the immune system is less active than normal", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe6": " Hashimoto's thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus type 1, and systemic lupus erythematosus", "5728f2e26aef051400154896": " recurring and life-threatening infections", "5728f2e26aef051400154897": " autoimmunity", "5728f2e26aef051400154898": "Disorders", "5728f2e26aef051400154899": " HIV/AIDS", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f166": " plague of Athens in 430 BC", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f167": " scorpion", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f168": " Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f169": " Walter Reed", "5728f3724b864d1900165116": " Robert Koch", "5728f3724b864d1900165117": " microorganisms", "5728f3724b864d1900165118": " yellow fever virus", "5728f3724b864d1900165119": " 430 BC", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16e": " immunological memory", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16f": " immunological memory, and allows the adaptive immune system", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f170": " immunological memory", "5728f6446aef0514001548e4": " Innate immune systems", "5728f6446aef0514001548e5": " vertebrates possess a second layer of protection, the adaptive immune system", "5728f6446aef0514001548e6": " the innate response", "5728f6446aef0514001548e7": " physical barriers", "5728f7774b864d190016512e": " self and non-self", "5728f7774b864d190016512f": " self molecules", "5728f7774b864d1900165130": " self molecules", "5728f7774b864d1900165131": " antigens", "5728f7774b864d1900165132": " specific immune receptors", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5a": " pattern recognition receptors", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5b": " The innate immune system", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5c": " microorganisms", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5d": " non-specific", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6a": " chemical, and biological barriers. The waxy cuticle", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6b": " waxy cuticle", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6c": " coughing and sneezing", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6d": " mucus", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6e": " tears and urine", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec7": " lysozyme and phospholipase A2", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec8": " lysozyme and phospholipase A2", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec9": " defensins", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9eca": " gastric acid and proteases", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ecb": " menarche", "5728fd206aef05140015494c": " commensal flora", "5728fd206aef05140015494d": " fungi", "5728fd206aef05140015494e": " lactobacilli", "5728fd206aef05140015494f": " pH", "572900f73f37b31900477f69": "Inflammation", "572900f73f37b31900477f6a": " increased blood flow into tissue", "572900f73f37b31900477f6b": " eicosanoids and cytokines", "572900f73f37b31900477f6c": " prostaglandins", "572900f73f37b31900477f6d": " interleukins", "572905ce1d04691400778f83": "Phagocytosis", "572905ce1d04691400778f84": " cytokines", "572905ce1d04691400778f85": " a phagosome", "572905ce1d04691400778f86": " a phagolysosome", "572905ce1d04691400778f87": " acquiring nutrients", "5729081d3f37b31900477fab": "Neutrophils and macrophages", "5729081d3f37b31900477fac": "Neutrophils and macrophages", "5729081d3f37b31900477fad": " 50% to 60%", "5729081d3f37b31900477fae": " chemotaxis", "5729081d3f37b31900477faf": " interleukin 1", "572908c13f37b31900477fbd": "Leukocytes", "572908c13f37b31900477fbe": "Leukocytes", "572908c13f37b31900477fbf": " adaptive", "572908c13f37b31900477fc0": "macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells", "5729efab3f37b319004785cf": "Dendritic cells", "5729efab3f37b319004785d0": " neuronal dendrites", "5729efab3f37b319004785d1": " Dendritic cells", "5729efab3f37b319004785d2": " T cells", "5729f06f1d04691400779674": "missing self", "5729f06f1d04691400779673": "Natural killer cells", "5729f06f1d04691400779675": " MHC I", "5729f06f1d04691400779676": " killer cell immunoglobulin receptors", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e1": " vertebrates", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e2": " antigen presentation", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e3": " pathogens or pathogen-infected cells", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d3": " the killer T cell and the helper T cell", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d4": " regulatory", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d5": " Class I", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d6": " Class II", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d7": " killer T cell and the helper T cell", "5729f39a6aef05140015514c": "Killer", "5729f39a6aef05140015514e": " CD8", "5729f39a6aef05140015514d": "TCR", "5729f39a6aef051400155150": " granulysin", "5729f39a6aef05140015514f": " perforin", "5729f4b41d0469140077968b": " T cell receptors (TCR) that recognize antigen bound to Class II MHC molecules. The MHC:antigen complex", "5729f4b41d0469140077968c": " 200\u2013300", "5729f4b41d0469140077968d": " 200\u2013300", "5729f4b41d0469140077968e": " cytokines", "5729f4b41d0469140077968f": " CD40", "5729f5a03f37b31900478605": " helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and NK cells", "5729f5a03f37b31900478606": " T cell receptor (TCR", "5729f5a03f37b31900478607": " cytotoxic T cells", "5729f5a03f37b31900478608": " receptor diversity", "5729f5a03f37b31900478609": " V\u03b39/V\u03b42", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6f9": " B cell", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fa": " proteolysis", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fb": " lymphokines", "5729f799af94a219006aa707": " long-lived memory cells", "5729f799af94a219006aa708": " passive", "5729f799af94a219006aa709": " passive short-term memory or active long-term memory", "5729f799af94a219006aa70a": " each specific pathogen", "5729f8516aef05140015516c": " microbes", "5729f8516aef05140015516d": " IgG", "5729f8516aef05140015516e": " antibody-rich serum", "5729f8516aef05140015516f": " passive immunity because the fetus does not actually make any memory cells or antibodies\u2014it only borrows them. This passive immunity is usually short-term", "5729f9953f37b3190047861f": " immunomodulators", "5729f9953f37b31900478620": " adaptive and innate", "5729f9953f37b31900478621": " lupus erythematosus", "5729f9953f37b31900478622": " immunosuppressive", "5729fa40af94a219006aa70f": " NFIL3", "5729fa40af94a219006aa710": " heart disease, chronic pain, and asthma", "5729fa40af94a219006aa711": " sleep deprivation", "5729fb003f37b31900478627": " hormone levels", "5729fb003f37b31900478628": " vitamin D", "5729fb003f37b31900478629": " thyroid hormone", "5729fb003f37b3190047862a": " cholecalciferol", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969d": " killer T cells", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969e": " MHC class I", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969f": " viral antigens", "5729fc3d1d046914007796a0": " killer T cells, sometimes with the assistance of helper T cells. Tumor antigens", "5729fd111d046914007796a5": " phagocytic cells", "5729fd111d046914007796a6": " Pathogen-associated molecular patterns or PAMPs", "5729fd111d046914007796a7": " rapid apoptosis", "5729fd111d046914007796a8": "SAR", "5729fd111d046914007796a9": " RNA silencing mechanisms", "5729fe5c3f37b3190047862f": " autoimmune", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478630": " self and non-self", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478631": " thymus and bone marrow", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478632": "self\" peptides", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa739": "Immunodeficiencies", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73a": " young and the elderly", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73b": " 50 years", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73c": " obesity, alcoholism, and drug use", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73d": " obesity, alcoholism, and drug use", "5729ffda1d046914007796af": " vaccination", "5729ffda1d046914007796b0": " immunization", "5729ffda1d046914007796b1": " antigen from a pathogen", "5729ffda1d046914007796b2": " natural specificity", "572a019f3f37b31900478643": " enzymes", "572a019f3f37b31900478644": " type III", "572a019f3f37b31900478645": " move from the pathogen to the host. These proteins are often used to shut down host defenses", "572a019f3f37b31900478646": " elude host immune responses", "572a02483f37b3190047864b": " Frank Burnet", "572a02483f37b3190047864c": "pathogens", "572a02483f37b3190047864d": "nonself", "572a02483f37b3190047864e": " Niels Jerne", "572a03086aef0514001551a2": " Glucocorticoids", "572a03086aef0514001551a3": " cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs", "572a03086aef0514001551a4": " methotrexate or azathioprine", "572a03086aef0514001551a5": " cyclosporin", "572a04d51d046914007796cd": " cytotoxic natural killer cells and CTLs", "572a04d51d046914007796ce": " cortisol and catecholamines", "572a04d51d046914007796cf": " melatonin", "572a04d51d046914007796d0": " free radical", "572a058aaf94a219006aa751": " a vitamin D receptor", "572a058aaf94a219006aa752": " calcitriol", "572a058aaf94a219006aa753": " symbiotic", "572a058aaf94a219006aa754": " CYP27B1", "572a058aaf94a219006aa755": " dendritic cells, keratinocytes and macrophages", "572a06af3f37b31900478667": "Pattern recognition receptors", "572a06af3f37b31900478668": " defensins", "572a06af3f37b31900478669": " phagocytic cells", "572a06af3f37b3190047866a": " Ribonucleases and the RNA interference pathway", "572a07fc6aef0514001551dc": " immunoglobulins and T cell receptors", "572a07fc6aef0514001551dd": " lamprey and hagfish", "572a07fc6aef0514001551de": " Variable lymphocyte receptors", "572a07fc6aef0514001551df": " adaptive", "572a096e6aef0514001551e4": " lymphocytes or an antibody-based humoral response", "572a096e6aef0514001551e5": " restriction modification system", "572a096e6aef0514001551e6": " viral", "572a096e6aef0514001551e7": " CRISPR", "572a0a686aef0514001551ec": "cellular\" and \"humoral\" theories", "572a0a686aef0514001551ed": " Elie Metchnikoff", "572a0a686aef0514001551ee": " phagocytes", "572a0a686aef0514001551ef": " Robert Koch and Emil von Behring", "572a0a686aef0514001551f0": " soluble components (molecules) found in the organism\u2019s \u201chumors\u201d", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f6": " cancers", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f7": " MHC class I molecules", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f8": " TGF-\u03b2", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f9": " macrophages and lymphocytes", "572a0bf96aef051400155204": "Hypersensitivity", "572a0bf96aef051400155205": " four", "572a0bf96aef051400155206": " immediate or anaphylactic", "572a0bf96aef051400155207": " IgE", "572a0bf96aef051400155208": " cytotoxic", "572a0ce11d046914007796fd": " intracellular pathogenesis", "572a0ce11d046914007796fe": " Salmonella and the eukaryotic parasites", "572a0ce11d046914007796ff": "Plasmodium falciparum", "572a0ce11d04691400779700": " Mycobacterium tuberculosis", "572a0ce11d04691400779701": " G", "572a0e4b6aef051400155214": " antigenic variation", "572a0e4b6aef051400155215": " HIV", "572a0e4b6aef051400155216": " Trypanosoma brucei", "572a0e4b6aef051400155217": " antigens", "572a0f073f37b3190047867f": " immune surveillance", "572a0f073f37b31900478680": " papillomavirus", "572a0f073f37b31900478681": " tyrosinase", "572a0f073f37b31900478682": " melanomas", "572a0f073f37b31900478683": " melanomas", "572a10cd6aef051400155222": "500 Da", "572a10cd6aef051400155223": " hydrophilic amino acids", "572a10cd6aef051400155224": " immunoinformatics", "572a10cd6aef051400155225": " B cells", "572a10cd6aef051400155226": " immunoinformatics", "572a12386aef051400155234": " leptin, pituitary growth hormone, and prolactin", "572a12386aef051400155235": " APCs", "572a12386aef051400155236": " Th1/Th2", "572a12386aef051400155237": " Th1", "572a142e3f37b319004786b9": " carbohydrates", "572a142e3f37b319004786bc": " by disrupting their plasma membrane", "572a142e3f37b319004786ba": " signal amplification", "572a142e3f37b319004786bb": " catalytic", "57271c235951b619008f860b": " Civil disobedience", "57271c235951b619008f860c": " apartheid, in the American Civil Rights Movement", "57271c235951b619008f860d": " Singing Revolution", "57271c235951b619008f860e": " Ukraine", "57271c235951b619008f860f": " Georgia", "5728d4c03acd2414000dff9f": " Egyptians", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa0": " the British", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa1": " unfair laws", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa2": " unfair laws", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa3": " Singing Revolution", "57271f125951b619008f8635": " Antigone", "57271f125951b619008f8636": " King of Thebes, Oedipus", "57271f125951b619008f8637": " Oedipus", "57271f125951b619008f8638": " Antigone", "57271f125951b619008f8639": " giving her brother Polynices a proper burial", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb3": " Antigone", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb4": " King of Thebes", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb5": " Oedipus", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb6": " stop her from giving her brother Polynices a proper burial", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb7": " stirring speech", "5727213c708984140094da35": " Percy Shelley", "5727213c708984140094da36": " nonviolent", "5727213c708984140094da38": " Satyagraha", "5727213c708984140094da39": " to vast audiences", "5727213c708984140094da37": " Henry David Thoreau", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f18": " Percy Shelley", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f19": " unjust forms of authority", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1a": " nonviolent protest", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1c": " Masque of Anarchy", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1b": " Gandhi", "572726c9708984140094da7b": " muggers, arsonists, draft evaders, campaign hecklers, campus militants, anti-war demonstrators, juvenile delinquents and political assassins", "572726c9708984140094da7e": " Marshall Cohen", "572726c9708984140094da7c": " ambiguity", "572726c9708984140094da7d": " utterly debased", "5728d6f02ca10214002da90e": " become utterly debased", "5728d6f02ca10214002da90f": " Marshall Cohen", "5728d6f02ca10214002da910": " become utterly debased", "5728d6f02ca10214002da911": " Marshall Cohen", "5728d6f02ca10214002da912": " the term \"civil disobedience\" has always suffered from ambiguity", "572807802ca10214002d9bf8": "LeGrande", "572807802ca10214002d9bf9": " all-encompassing definition", "572807802ca10214002d9bfa": " lawful protest demonstration, nonviolent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience", "572807802ca10214002d9bfb": " maze", "572807802ca10214002d9bfc": " no more (or no less) meaning", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4c": "LeGrande", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4d": " voluminous", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4e": " semantical problems", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4f": " violent", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f50": " nonviolent", "57280f974b864d1900164370": " civil disobedience", "57280f974b864d1900164371": " citizen", "57280f974b864d1900164372": " relation to the state and its laws", "57280f974b864d1900164373": " in which two public agencies, especially two equally sovereign branches of government, conflict", "57280f974b864d1900164374": " a constitutional", "5728d9403acd2414000e001b": " a citizen's relation to the state and its laws", "5728d9403acd2414000e001c": " constitutional impasse", "5728d9403acd2414000e001d": " constitutional impasse", "5728d9403acd2414000e001e": " citizen", "5728d9403acd2414000e001f": " the head of government", "572812e74b864d19001643ce": " Thoreau", "572812e74b864d19001643cf": "Resign", "572812e74b864d19001643d0": " powerful", "572812e74b864d19001643d1": " confronting him", "572812e74b864d19001643d2": " elite politicians", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005d": " Thoreau", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005e": " individuals", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005f": " Thoreau", "5728dafe3acd2414000e0060": "Resign.\u201d", "5728dafe3acd2414000e0061": " powerful", "5728151b4b864d1900164428": " against governmental entities", "5728151b4b864d1900164429": " governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities", "5728151b4b864d190016442a": " governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions", "5728151b4b864d190016442b": " international organizations and foreign governments", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0080": " Brownlee", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0081": "a larger challenge to the legal system", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e007f": " that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0083": " governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities", "572818f54b864d190016446c": " civil disobedience", "572818f54b864d190016446d": " covert lawbreaking", "572818f54b864d190016446e": " disobey rules that conflict with morality", "572818f54b864d190016446f": " Book of Exodus", "572818f54b864d1900164470": " Shiphrah and Puah", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d2": " publicly announced", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d3": " rules that conflict with morality", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d4": " lawbreaking", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d5": " legal obstacles", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d6": " Book of Exodus", "57281c594b864d19001644a2": "carefully chosen and legitimate means,\" but holds that they do not have to be non-violent", "57281c594b864d19001644a3": " Black's Law Dictionary", "57281c594b864d19001644a4": " civil rebellion", "57281c594b864d19001644a5": " tolerance", "57281c594b864d19001644a6": " non-violent", "5728df634b864d1900164fe2": " rebellion", "5728df634b864d1900164fe3": " refusal to submit to arrest. Civil disobedients' refraining from violence", "5728df634b864d1900164fe4": " rebellion is much more destructive", "5728df634b864d1900164fe6": " appeal to constitutional defects", "5728202c4b864d19001644ec": " Revolutionary civil disobedience", "5728202c4b864d19001644ed": " Gandhi's acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience. It has been claimed that the Hungarians", "5728202c4b864d19001644ee": " Ferenc De\u00e1k", "5728202c4b864d19001644ef": " Gandhi", "5728202c4b864d19001644f0": " Revolutionary civil disobedience is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government (or to change cultural traditions", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00e9": "Non-revolutionary", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ea": " they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00eb": " to render certain laws ineffective", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ec": " Revolutionary civil disobedience", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ed": " Gandhi", "572822233acd2414000df555": " Roman Empire", "572822233acd2414000df556": " prevent the installation of pagan images", "572822233acd2414000df557": " his arrest was not covered in any newspapers", "572822233acd2414000df558": " higher political office", "572822233acd2414000df559": " until after the end of the Mexican War", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0131": " during the Roman Empire", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0132": " refuse to sign bail until certain demands are met", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0133": " jail solidarity", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0134": " jail solidarity", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0135": " weeks and months", "572825a92ca10214002d9efe": " illegal", "572825a92ca10214002d9eff": " propaganda", "572825a92ca10214002d9f00": " the proprietors of illegal medical cannabis dispensaries and Voice in the Wilderness", "572825a92ca10214002d9f01": " 738 days", "572825a92ca10214002d9f02": " successfully preventing it from being cut down", "5728e5224b864d1900165032": " just a harassment", "5728e5224b864d1900165033": " Bedau", "5728e5224b864d1900165034": " harassment", "5728e5224b864d1900165035": " harassment", "5728e5224b864d1900165036": " Julia Butterfly Hill", "5728284e3acd2414000df5cd": " allegedly sending an email to the Lebanon, New Hampshire city councilors", "5728284e3acd2414000df5ce": "Wise up or die.\"", "5728284e3acd2414000df5cf": " criminalized behavior is pure speech, civil disobedience can consist simply of engaging in the forbidden speech", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d0": " the 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d1": " 1978", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0171": " pure speech, civil disobedience", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0172": " engaging in the forbidden speech", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0173": " engaging in the forbidden speech", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0174": " engaging in the forbidden speech", "57282dfb4b864d1900164668": " civil disobedience", "57282dfb4b864d1900164669": " padlocking", "57282dfb4b864d190016466a": " GCSB Waihopai", "57282dfb4b864d190016466b": " moral dialogue, nevertheless they may find it necessary to employ limited coercion", "57282dfb4b864d190016466c": " coercive", "5728e715ff5b5019007da914": " illegal boycotts, refusals to pay taxes, draft dodging, distributed denial-of-service attacks, and sit-ins", "5728e715ff5b5019007da916": " coercive", "5728e715ff5b5019007da917": " to engage in moral dialogue", "5728e715ff5b5019007da918": " limited coercion", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6c": " criminal", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6d": " use the arrest as an opportunity to make an impression on the officers", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6e": " lack of understanding of the legal ramifications, or due to a fear of seeming rude", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6f": " fear of seeming rude", "5728e8212ca10214002daa70": " lack of understanding of the legal ramifications", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c5": " accept punishment", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c6": " their belief in the validity of the social contract", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c7": " criminal law", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c8": " anarchists", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c9": " criminal law", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01d9": " whether or not to plead guilty", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01da": " submit to the punishment prescribed by law", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01db": "Guilt implies wrong-doing", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dc": "Guilt implies wrong-doing", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dd": " no contest", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650aa": " Camp Mercury nuclear test site", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ab": " stepped across the \"line\" and were immediately arrested", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ac": " arrest", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ad": " \"nolo contendere", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ae": " suspended sentences", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97c": " way of continuing their protest, as a way of reminding their countrymen of injustice", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97d": " continuing their protest, as a way of reminding their countrymen of injustice", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97e": " the spirit of protest", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97f": " part of a rule connected with civil disobedience", "5728eef92ca10214002daab0": " plea bargain", "5728eef92ca10214002daab1": " civil disobedients", "5728eef92ca10214002daab2": " solidarity tactics", "5728eef92ca10214002daab3": " blind plea", "5728eef92ca10214002daab4": " Mohandas Gandhi", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e55": " defiant speech", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e56": " lack of remorse", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e57": " mistreatment from government officials", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e58": " lack of remorse", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e59": " defiant speech", "5728facd4b864d1900165170": " to win an acquittal and avoid imprisonment or a fine", "5728facd4b864d1900165171": " win an acquittal and avoid imprisonment or a fine", "5728facd4b864d1900165172": " seek jury nullification", "5728facd4b864d1900165173": " Vietnam War", "5728facd4b864d1900165174": " jury nullification", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef5": " breaking the law", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef6": " neither conscientious nor of social benefit", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef7": " any great amount of it would undermine the law by encouraging general disobedience which is neither conscientious nor of social benefit", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef8": " to create a test case as to the constitutionality of a law", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef9": " attribution, or by denying having committed the crime, or by fleeing the jurisdiction", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f11": "Indirect civil disobedience", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f12": "Indirect civil disobedience", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f13": " Vietnam War", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f14": " shadow defense", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f15": "prosecutors have reasoned (correctly) that if they arrest fully informed jury leafleters", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2b": " achieving crime control via incapacitation and deterrence", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2d": " whether it would do more harm than good", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2e": " the state (including the judges", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2f": " whether it would do more harm than good", "57273a465951b619008f86ff": "Construction", "57273a465951b619008f8700": " Construction differs from manufacturing in that manufacturing", "57273a465951b619008f8701": " six to nine percent", "57273a465951b619008f8702": " planning,[citation needed] design, and financing", "57273a465951b619008f8703": " a known client", "57273cca708984140094db33": " architect", "57273cca708984140094db34": " architect", "57273cca708984140094db35": " effective planning", "57273cca708984140094db36": " megaprojects", "57273cca708984140094db37": " Those involved with the design and execution of the infrastructure in question", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4fe": " buildings, infrastructure and industrial", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4ff": " residential and non-residential", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f500": " heavy/highway", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f501": " Infrastructure", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f502": " Industrial", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a02": " a trade magazine for the construction industry", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a03": "Engineering News", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a04": " 2014", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a05": " transportation", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0a": " building construction, heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0b": " construction service firms", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0c": " Standard Industrial Classification and the newer North American Industry Classification System", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0d": "firms engaged in managing construction projects", "57274046dd62a815002e9a12": "Building construction", "57274046dd62a815002e9a13": " small renovations", "57274046dd62a815002e9a14": " owner", "57274046dd62a815002e9a15": " structural collapse, cost overruns, and/or litigation", "57274046dd62a815002e9a16": " make detailed plans", "572742bd5951b619008f8785": " local building authority regulations", "572742bd5951b619008f8786": " local building authority regulations", "572742bd5951b619008f8787": " waste", "572742bd5951b619008f8788": " Cost of construction", "572744aff1498d1400e8f588": " 3D printing technology", "572744aff1498d1400e8f589": " around 20 hours", "572744aff1498d1400e8f58a": " 2014", "572744aff1498d1400e8f58b": " 2 metres (6 ft 7 in)", "572745c6708984140094db9a": " plan the physical proceedings", "572745c6708984140094db99": " designs", "572745c6708984140094db9b": " the property owner", "572745c6708984140094db9c": " a quantity surveyor", "572745c6708984140094db9d": " the most cost efficient bidder", "57274e0d708984140094dbe5": " previously separated specialties", "57274e0d708984140094dbe6": " entirely separate companies", "57274e0d708984140094dbe7": "one-stop shopping", "57274e0d708984140094dbe8": "design build\" contract", "57274e975951b619008f87f9": " design-build, partnering and construction management", "57274e975951b619008f87fa": " architects, interior designers, engineers and constructors", "57274e975951b619008f87fb": " establishing relationships with other necessary participants through the design-build process", "57274f67708984140094dbf5": " preventable financial problems", "57274f67708984140094dbf6": " too little money", "57274f67708984140094dbf7": " when the present amount of funding cannot cover the current costs", "57274f67708984140094dbf8": " preventable financial problems. Underbids happen when builders ask for too little money to complete the project. Cash flow problems", "5727502f708984140094dc07": "Mortgage bankers, accountants, and cost engineers", "5727502f708984140094dc08": " the mortgage banker", "5727502f708984140094dc09": " Accountants", "5727502f708984140094dc0b": " identified change orders or project changes", "5727502f708984140094dc0a": " Cost engineers", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af0": " zoning and building code requirements", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af1": " the owner", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af2": " the desire to prevent things that are indisputably bad", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af3": " custom or expectation, such as isolating businesses to a business district and residences", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af4": " attorney", "572751b4708984140094dc1b": " construction project", "572751b4708984140094dc1c": " contract", "572751b4708984140094dc1d": " that a delay costs money", "572751b4708984140094dc1e": " that each side is capable of performing the obligations", "572751b4708984140094dc1f": " poorly drafted contracts", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0e": " relationship contracting", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0f": " partnering such as Public-Private Partnering", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b10": " private finance initiatives", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b11": " co-operation", "572753335951b619008f8853": " architect or engineer", "572753335951b619008f8854": " architect or engineer", "572753335951b619008f8855": " the architect's client and the main contractor", "572753335951b619008f8856": " the main contractor", "572753335951b619008f8857": " the building is ready", "57275411dd62a815002e9b30": "The owner", "57275411dd62a815002e9b31": "The owner produces a list of requirements for a project, giving an overall view of the project's goals. Several D&B contractors", "57275411dd62a815002e9b32": " The owner", "57275411dd62a815002e9b33": " several contractors", "57275411dd62a815002e9b34": " they design phase 2", "572754fff1498d1400e8f660": " the utilities themselves", "572754fff1498d1400e8f661": " damage to the existing electrical, water, sewage, phone, and cable facilities", "572754fff1498d1400e8f662": " utility lines", "572754fff1498d1400e8f663": " municipal building inspector", "572754fff1498d1400e8f664": " an occupancy permit", "572755b7708984140094dc4d": " $960 billion", "572755b7708984140094dc4e": " $680 billion", "572755b7708984140094dc4f": " 667,000", "572755b7708984140094dc50": " fewer than 10", "572755b7708984140094dc51": " 13.2% unemployment rate. In the United States, approximately 828,000", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f674": " \u00a342,090, compared to \u00a326,719", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f675": " \u00a326,719", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f676": " US/Canada", "572756fe708984140094dc71": "Construction", "572756fe708984140094dc72": " Falls", "572756fe708984140094dc73": " electrocution, transportation accidents, and trench cave-ins", "572756fe708984140094dc74": " Proper safety equipment such as harnesses and guardrails", "572746addd62a815002e9a5e": " independent schools", "572746addd62a815002e9a5f": " academic scholarship", "572746addd62a815002e9a60": " charging their students tuition", "572746addd62a815002e9a61": " to select their students", "57274712708984140094dbad": " $45,000", "57274712708984140094dbae": " K-12 schools range from nothing at so called 'tuition-free", "57274712708984140094dbaf": " Australia", "57274712708984140094dbb0": " North America", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59a": " lower sixth", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59b": "upper sixth", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59c": "prep schools", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59d": " peer tuitions and the school's financial endowment", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59e": " the best teachers", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a4": " Roman Catholic", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a5": " Orthodox", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a6": " academic", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a82": " boarding facilities; or stricter discipline based on their power of expulsion", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a83": " blazer", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a84": " more expensive", "57274971708984140094dbbb": " Presbyterian Church", "57274971708984140094dbbc": " Catholic", "57274971708984140094dbbd": "Sydney", "57274971708984140094dbbe": " girls", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9a": " Article 7", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9b": " a second Gleichschaltung", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9c": " 11.1%.", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9d": " 11.1%.", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9e": " 11.1%.", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bc": " Sonderungsverbot", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bd": " Private Schools", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5be": " most Ersatzschulen have very low tuition fees", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d4": "Erg\u00e4nzungsschulen", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d5": " secondary or post-secondary", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d6": " charging their students tuition fees", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d7": " rarely, religious groups", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e4": " independent schools", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e5": " CBSE", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e6": " 30", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e7": " Education appears in the Concurrent list of legislative subjects in the constitution. The practice has been for the union government", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa4": " societies", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa5": " India", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa6": " Annual Status of Education Report", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa7": " The Annual Status of Education Report (ASER), which evaluates learning levels in rural India", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa8": " English", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aae": " scoil phr\u00edobh\u00e1ide", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aaf": " double", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab0": " \u20ac5,000", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab1": " Society of Jesus", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab2": " \u20ac25,000 per year", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f6": " 1957", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f7": " English", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f8": " English", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f9": " National School", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5fa": " 60", "57274e145951b619008f87e7": "aided' schools", "57274e145951b619008f87e8": " fully funded by private parties", "57274e145951b619008f87e9": " Kathmandu", "57274e145951b619008f87ea": " English", "57274e145951b619008f87eb": " English, but as a compulsory subject, Nepali", "57274eca5951b619008f87ff": " 88", "57274eca5951b619008f8800": " 88 private schools in New Zealand, catering for around 28,000", "57274eca5951b619008f8801": " 3.7%", "57274eca5951b619008f8802": " Catholic", "57274eca5951b619008f8803": "Auckland", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61e": " Anglican", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61f": " Wellington", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f620": " Presbyterian", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f621": " Christchurch", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f622": " Catholic schismatic group, the Society of St Pius X", "5727500f708984140094dbfd": " 80%", "5727500f708984140094dbfe": " 7.5%", "5727500f708984140094dbff": " 80%", "5727500f708984140094dc00": " August 1992", "5727500f708984140094dc01": " natural science", "572750df5951b619008f882f": "The Education Service Contracting scheme", "572750df5951b619008f8830": " Tuition Fee Supplement", "572750df5951b619008f8831": " Private Education Student Financial Assistance", "5727515f708984140094dc11": " The South African Schools Act of 1996", "5727515f708984140094dc12": " 1996", "5727515f708984140094dc13": "public\" (state-controlled) and \"independent\"", "5727515f708984140094dc14": " traditional", "5727515f708984140094dc15": " early nineteenth century", "57275409708984140094dc35": " state-controlled. All schools in South Africa (including both independent schools and public schools", "57275409708984140094dc36": " not private schools", "57275409708984140094dc37": " higher school fees", "572754dd708984140094dc3b": " Over 10%", "572754dd708984140094dc3c": " 700 employees and teaches nearly 10,000", "572754dd708984140094dc3d": " 700 employees and teaches nearly 10,000", "572754dd708984140094dc3e": "The Knowledge School", "572754dd708984140094dc3f": " innovative school voucher model", "572756265951b619008f886d": " 13 years old", "572756265951b619008f886e": " public schools", "572756265951b619008f886f": " 9 per cent", "572756265951b619008f8870": " 9 per cent", "572756265951b619008f8871": " \u00a327,000+", "572757bef1498d1400e8f690": " Brown v. Board of Education", "572757bef1498d1400e8f691": "segregation academies", "572757bef1498d1400e8f692": " South", "572757bef1498d1400e8f693": " African-American", "572757bef1498d1400e8f694": " African-American", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6ae": " religious organizations", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6af": " Establishment Clause of the First Amendment or individual state Blaine Amendments", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b0": " Blaine Amendments", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b1": " independent control of their student admissions and course content instead of the public funding they could get with charter status", "572759665951b619008f8883": " Massachusetts", "572759665951b619008f8884": " 1852", "572759665951b619008f8885": "1972", "572759665951b619008f8886": " 268 U.S. 510", "572759665951b619008f8887": " Wisconsin v. Yoder", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b94": " $40,000", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b95": " $50,000", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b96": " Groton School", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b97": " fundraising drives", "5727aa413acd2414000de921": " John Harvard", "5727aa413acd2414000de922": " 1977", "5727aa413acd2414000de923": " James Bryant Conant", "5727aa413acd2414000de924": " Association of American Universities", "5727aa413acd2414000de925": " Charles W. Eliot", "5727aeac3acd2414000de987": " Harvard Library", "5727aeac3acd2414000de988": " 79", "5727aeac3acd2414000de989": " 79 individual libraries with over 18 million", "5727aeac3acd2414000de98a": " eight", "5727aeac3acd2414000de98b": " 242", "5727aec03acd2414000de991": " Harvard Yard in Cambridge", "5727aec03acd2414000de992": " $37.6 billion", "5727aec03acd2414000de993": " Charles River", "5727aec03acd2414000de994": " eleven", "5727aec03acd2414000de995": " Harvard Yard", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c2": " 1636", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c3": " Harvard Corporation", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c4": " 1638", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c5": " 1638", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c6": " 1650", "5727b0892ca10214002d93e8": " Puritan", "5727b0892ca10214002d93e9": " English university model", "5727b0892ca10214002d93ea": " never affiliated with any particular denomination", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea99": " 1804", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9a": " Arminian", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9b": " 1805", "5727c0402ca10214002d9564": " Louis Agassiz", "5727c0402ca10214002d9565": " intuition", "5727c0402ca10214002d9566": " Thomas Reid and Dugald Stewart", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95ba": "Charles W. Eliot", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bb": " Transcendentalist Unitarian convictions", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bc": " William Ellery Channing and Ralph Waldo Emerson", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94ce": "James Bryant Conant", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94cf": " programs to identify, recruit, and support talented youth", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94d0": " 1945", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec13": " four", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec14": " 1977", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec15": " steadily increased", "5727c8863acd2414000dec49": " 3 miles", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4a": " twelve", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4b": " Charles River", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4c": " 3 miles (5 km) west-northwest", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9576": " Allston", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9577": " John W. Weeks Bridge", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9578": " Longwood Medical and Academic Area", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d72": " fifty percent", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d73": " new and enlarged bridges", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d74": " enhanced transit infrastructure, possible shuttles open to the public, and park space", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f0": " 2,400", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f1": " 2,400", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f2": " 14,000", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f3": " 1875", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f4": " 1858", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c4": " $28 billion", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c5": " 30%", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c6": " Allston Science Complex", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c7": " $4.093 million", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c8": " $159 million", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded13": " late 1980s", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded14": " Duke Kent-Brown", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded15": " $230 million", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded3f": " 5.3%", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded40": " 2007", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded41": " program was believed to disadvantage low-income and under-represented minority applicants", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded42": " 2007", "5727d3843acd2414000ded69": " seven", "5727d3843acd2414000ded6a": " eight", "5727d3843acd2414000ded6b": " reliance on teaching fellows", "5727d4922ca10214002d977c": " mid-May", "5727d4922ca10214002d977d": " four", "5727d4922ca10214002d977e": " degrees summa cum laude", "5727d4922ca10214002d977f": " 60%", "5727d6154b864d1900163e34": " $38,000", "5727d6154b864d1900163e35": " $57,000", "5727d6154b864d1900163e36": " 10%", "5727d6154b864d1900163e37": " $414 million", "5727d6154b864d1900163e38": " 88%", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969a": " Widener Library", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969c": " Cabot Science Library, Lamont Library, and Widener Library", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969d": " Pusey Library", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969b": " 18 million", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5e": " three", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5f": " Western art", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e60": " Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee17": " 2003", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee18": " 2011", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee19": " second", "5727da564b864d1900163e8e": " 42", "5727da564b864d1900163e8f": " Yale University", "5727da564b864d1900163e90": " every two years", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fc": " 1875", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fd": " 1903", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fe": " 1906", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96ff": " Yale", "5727dc473acd2414000dee43": " Lavietes Pavilion", "5727dc473acd2414000dee44": " Lavietes Pavilion", "5727dc473acd2414000dee45": " three", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163eba": " 23", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebb": " Thames River", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebc": " Cornell", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebd": " 2003", "5727de862ca10214002d9860": " Ban Ki-moon", "5727de862ca10214002d9861": " Anthony Luzzatto Gardner", "5727de862ca10214002d9862": " Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Figueres", "5727de862ca10214002d9863": " Fan S. Noli; Canadian Prime Ministers Mackenzie King and Pierre Trudeau", "5727e0474b864d1900163f08": " Conan O'Brien", "5727e0474b864d1900163f09": " Leonard Bernstein", "5727e0474b864d1900163f0a": " Yo Yo Ma", "5727e0474b864d1900163f0b": " W. E. B. Du Bois", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f34": " Shing-Tung Yau", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f35": " Alan Dershowitz and Lawrence Lessig", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f36": " Stephen Greenblatt", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954a": "Jacksonville", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954b": " 1,345,596", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954c": " 12th", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954d": " Duval County", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954e": " 1968", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9676": " St. Johns River", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9677": " 25 miles", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9678": " Fort Caroline", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9679": " Timucua people", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d967a": " Andrew Jackson", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958e": " third", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958f": " golf", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9590": " two", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9591": "Jacksonvillians", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bec": " thousands", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bed": " University of North Florida team", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bee": " Mocama", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bef": " the historical era", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bf0": " Ossachite", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c26": " Jean Ribault", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c27": " France", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c28": " Philip II of Spain ordered Pedro Men\u00e9ndez de Avil\u00e9s", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c29": " San Mateo", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c2a": " San Mateo", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d06": " the French and Indian War", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d07": " constructed the King's Road", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d08": " cattle were brought across the river there", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d09": " Britain ceded control of the territory back to Spain", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d0a": " February 9, 1832", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c76": " Confederate", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c77": " Skirmish of the Brick Church", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c78": " Battle of Olustee", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c79": " Warfare and the long occupation", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c7a": " 1864", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbc": " Reconstruction and the Gilded Age", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbd": " Grover Cleveland", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbe": " yellow fever outbreaks", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbf": " yellow fever", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cc0": " railroad", "5728170d3acd2414000df443": " kitchen fire", "5728170d3acd2414000df444": " 146 city blocks, destroyed over 2,000", "5728170d3acd2414000df445": " martial law", "5728170d3acd2414000df446": " the \"Great Fire of 1901", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d44": " New York\u2013based filmmakers", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d45": " silent", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d46": "Winter Film Capital of the World", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d47": " Hollywood as a major film production center", "57281ab63acd2414000df493": " construction of highways", "57281ab63acd2414000df494": " 55.1%", "57281ab63acd2414000df495": "white flight", "57281ab63acd2414000df496": " Mayor W. Haydon Burns", "57281ab63acd2414000df497": " World War II", "57281bb84b864d190016449a": " education, sanitation, and traffic control", "57281bb84b864d190016449b": " unincorporated suburbs", "57281bb84b864d190016449c": " annexing outlying communities in order to create the needed tax base", "57281bb84b864d190016449d": " Voters outside the city limits", "57281d494b864d19001644be": " through the traditional old boy network", "57281d494b864d19001644bf": " 11", "57281d494b864d19001644c0": " the city's officials, who were mainly elected through the traditional old boy network", "57281d494b864d19001644c1": " a grand jury", "57281edd3acd2414000df4eb": " voters approved the plan", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ec": " Hans Tanzler", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ed": " Consolidated City of Jacksonville", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ee": " Better Jacksonville Plan", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ef": " authorized a half-penny sales tax", "572820512ca10214002d9e72": " 874.3 square miles", "572820512ca10214002d9e73": " St. Johns River", "572820512ca10214002d9e74": " Trout River", "572820512ca10214002d9e75": " 86.66%", "572820512ca10214002d9e76": " Baldwin", "572821274b864d1900164510": " Barnett Center", "572821274b864d1900164511": " Barnett Center", "572821274b864d1900164512": " 617 ft (188 m)", "572821274b864d1900164513": " 42", "572821274b864d1900164514": " distinctive flared base", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc4": " humid subtropical", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc5": " May through September", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc6": " mild and sunny", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc7": " low latitude", "57282358ff5b5019007d9dde": " 104 \u00b0F (40 \u00b0C)", "57282358ff5b5019007d9ddf": " High heat indices", "57282358ff5b5019007d9de0": " humidity", "57282358ff5b5019007d9de1": " July 28, 1872", "572824f13acd2414000df58f": " Hurricane Dora", "572824f13acd2414000df590": " 110 mph", "572824f13acd2414000df591": " Beryl", "572824f13acd2414000df592": " Category 2 on the Saffir-Simpson Scale", "572824f13acd2414000df593": " 2008", "572826634b864d19001645be": " Arab", "572826634b864d19001645bf": " 366,273", "572826634b864d19001645c0": "elfth", "572826634b864d19001645c1": " Florida's largest Filipino American community", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bb": " 7.9%", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bc": " 23.9%", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bd": " females", "572827fc3acd2414000df5be": " 94.1", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ee": " 40%", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ef": " 3.5 billion", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f0": " $759,900", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f1": " the methodology used", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f2": " the methodology used", "5729d36b1d04691400779607": " 40%", "5729d36b1d04691400779608": " financial assets", "5729d36b1d04691400779609": " $41 trillion", "5729d36b1d0469140077960a": " 0.7%", "5729d36b1d0469140077960b": " accelerating disparity could trigger a recession", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc0": " 400", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc1": " New York Times", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc2": "substantial head start", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc3": " more wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779611": " wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779612": " PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans", "5729d44b1d04691400779613": " Inherited wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779614": "over 60", "5729d44b1d04691400779615": " Institute for Policy Studies", "5727e9523acd2414000def95": "Neoclassical economics", "5727e9523acd2414000def96": " differences in value added by labor, capital and land", "5727e9523acd2414000def97": " wages and profits", "5727e9523acd2414000def98": " inequality is a reflection of the productivity gap", "5727e9523acd2414000def99": " inequality is a reflection of the productivity gap between highly-paid professions and lower-paid professions", "5729d51d3f37b3190047858f": " differences in value added by labor", "5729d51d3f37b31900478590": " value added by labor, capital and land. Within labor income distribution is due to differences in value added by different classifications of workers", "5729d51d3f37b31900478591": " wages and profits", "5729d51d3f37b31900478592": "worker, capitalist/business owner", "5729d51d3f37b31900478593": " productivity gap between highly-paid professions and lower-paid professions", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986e": " substitution of capital equipment", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986f": " relatively stagnant wages", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9870": " increasing unemployment (the \"reserve army of labour\").", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9871": " relatively stagnant wages", "5729d609af94a219006aa661": " labor inputs", "5729d609af94a219006aa662": " to reduce costs and maximize profits", "5729d609af94a219006aa663": " capitalist firms increasingly substitute capital equipment for labor inputs (workers) under competitive pressure", "5729d609af94a219006aa664": " productivity", "5729d609af94a219006aa665": " relatively stagnant wages", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b6": " wealth", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b7": " supply and demand", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b8": " chronically understaffed", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b9": " offering a higher wage", "5727ec062ca10214002d99ba": " unfair", "5729d878af94a219006aa66b": " market", "5729d878af94a219006aa66c": " prices", "5729d878af94a219006aa66d": " wages", "5729d878af94a219006aa66e": " markets", "5729d878af94a219006aa66f": " high levels of inequality", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df001": " competition between employers", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df002": " job where there are many workers willing to work a large amount of time (high supply) competing for a job that few require (low demand", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df003": " low wage", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df004": " collective bargaining", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df005": " collective bargaining", "5729da0faf94a219006aa675": " low wage", "5729da0faf94a219006aa676": " competing for a job that few require (low demand) will result in a low wage for that job. This is because competition between workers", "5729da0faf94a219006aa677": " the expendable nature of the worker in relation to his or her particular job", "5729da0faf94a219006aa678": " low wage", "5729da0faf94a219006aa679": " expendable nature of the worker", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ec": " entrepreneurship rates", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ed": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ee": " Necessity-based", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ef": " Necessity-based", "5727ee372ca10214002d99f0": " higher economic inequality tends to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level (self-employment", "5729de24af94a219006aa689": " higher economic inequality", "5729de24af94a219006aa68a": " necessity rather than opportunity", "5729de24af94a219006aa68b": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship", "5729de24af94a219006aa68c": " survival needs", "5729de24af94a219006aa68d": " redistributive", "5727ef664b864d1900164060": " progressive tax", "5727ef664b864d1900164061": " progressive", "5727ef664b864d1900164062": " steeper tax progressivity applied to social spending", "5727ef664b864d1900164063": " progressive tax", "5729e02f1d04691400779639": " the tax rate", "5729e02f1d0469140077963a": " increasing it or decreasing it", "5729e02f1d0469140077963b": " steeper tax progressivity applied to social spending", "5729e02f1d0469140077963c": " steeper tax progressivity applied to social spending can result in a more equal distribution of income across the board. The difference between the Gini index", "5727f05b4b864d1900164068": " education", "5727f05b4b864d1900164069": " education", "5727f05b4b864d190016406a": " lower incomes", "5727f05b4b864d190016406b": " poor", "5727f05b4b864d190016406c": " optional education", "5729e1101d04691400779641": " variation in individuals' access to education", "5729e1101d04691400779642": " high wages", "5729e1101d04691400779643": " lower", "5729e1101d04691400779644": " lower incomes", "5729e1101d04691400779645": " education", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05b": " increasing access to education", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05c": " $105 billion", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05d": " boom-and-bust cycles", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05e": " Standard & Poor's rating agency", "5729e1e36aef0514001550ba": " 2014", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bb": " 2008-2009 recession", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bc": " increasing access to education", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bd": " $105 billion", "5729e1e36aef0514001550be": " boom-and-bust cycles", "5727f2714b864d1900164072": " 1910\u20131940", "5727f2714b864d1900164073": " decrease in the price of skilled labor", "5727f2714b864d1900164074": " decrease in the price of skilled labor", "5727f2714b864d1900164075": " compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers", "5727f2714b864d1900164076": " wages", "5729e2b76aef0514001550ce": " 1910\u20131940", "5729e2b76aef0514001550cf": " decrease in the price of skilled labor", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d0": " a stepping-stone to acquire college and advanced degrees", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d1": " Education", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d2": " Lagerlof and Galor stated that gender inequality", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e7": " union membership", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e8": " continental European", "5727f6723acd2414000df0ea": " little", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e9": " U.S.-style labor-market flexibility", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69d": " economic inequality", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69e": " social exclusion", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69f": " CEPR", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a0": " little", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a1": " lower", "5727f7523acd2414000df10d": " Scandinavia", "5727f7523acd2414000df10e": " high inequality", "5727f7523acd2414000df10f": " high inequality", "5727f7523acd2414000df110": " decline of organized labor", "5729e4291d04691400779651": "Sociologist", "5729e4291d04691400779652": " University of Washington", "5729e4291d04691400779653": " decline of organized labor", "5729e4291d04691400779654": " very low", "5729e4291d04691400779655": " weak labor movements", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a18": " reduced wages", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a19": " reduced wages", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1a": " trade liberalisation", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1b": " machine labor", "5729f1283f37b319004785d7": " a global to a domestic scale", "5729f1283f37b319004785d8": " low-skilled workers", "5729f1283f37b319004785d9": " trade liberalisation", "5729f1283f37b319004785da": " technological innovation", "5729f1283f37b319004785db": " machine labor", "5727fd123acd2414000df185": " 53% in Botswana to -40%", "5727fd123acd2414000df186": " 53% in Botswana to -40%", "5727fd123acd2414000df187": " 53%", "5727fd123acd2414000df188": " males", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e7": " Gender pay gap", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e8": " males", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e9": " women", "5729f1c13f37b319004785ea": " Thomas Sowell", "5729f1c13f37b319004785eb": " a difference", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ab": " social welfare programs", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ac": " relatively equal", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ad": " low levels of development have relatively equal distributions of wealth. As a country develops, it acquires more capital", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ae": " redistribution mechanisms", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6dd": "Economist", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6de": " levels of economic inequality", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6df": " more capital", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e0": " more wealth and income", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e1": " more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality", "57287b322ca10214002da3be": " High school movement from 1910 to 1940", "57287b322ca10214002da3bf": " after the 1970s", "57287b322ca10214002da3c0": " service sector", "57287b322ca10214002da3c1": " service sector", "5729f3883f37b319004785f1": " Kuznets", "5729f3883f37b319004785f2": " Kuznets curve", "5729f3883f37b319004785f3": " very weak", "5729f3883f37b319004785f4": " decrease", "5729f3883f37b319004785f5": " another Kuznets' cycle is occurring, specifically the move from the manufacturing sector to the service sector", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26c": " concentration", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26d": " the means to invest in new sources of creating wealth", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26e": " larger fortunes", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26f": " larger fortunes", "5729f4273f37b319004785fb": " possession of already-wealthy individuals or entities", "5729f4273f37b319004785fc": " already-wealthy individuals", "5729f4273f37b319004785fd": " wealth condensation", "5729f4273f37b319004785fe": " Thomas Piketty", "5729f4273f37b319004785ff": " higher returns", "5729f4e46aef051400155157": " market forces", "5729f4e46aef051400155156": "Economist", "5729f4e46aef051400155158": " rare and desired", "5729f4e46aef051400155159": " political power", "5729f4e46aef05140015515a": " rent-seeking", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6ef": " inequality", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f0": " human capital is neglected", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f1": " life expectancy", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f2": " inequality researchers have found include higher rates of health and social problems, and lower rates of social goods, a lower level of economic utility", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f3": " lower", "572a05eb3f37b31900478653": "2013", "572a05eb3f37b31900478654": " rising inequality", "572a05eb3f37b31900478655": " negative effect", "572a05eb3f37b31900478656": " Unemployment", "572a05eb3f37b31900478657": " economic growth", "572a06866aef0514001551be": "British", "572a06866aef0514001551bf": "obesity", "572a06866aef0514001551c0": " lower rates of social goods (life expectancy by country, educational performance, trust among strangers", "572a06866aef0514001551c2": " 23", "572a06866aef0514001551c1": " social goods", "572a070c6aef0514001551c8": " better health and longer lives", "572a070c6aef0514001551c9": " among poorer countries", "572a070c6aef0514001551ca": "longer lives", "572a070c6aef0514001551cb": " Americans", "572a070c6aef0514001551cc": "longer lives still holds among poorer countries", "572a07a86aef0514001551d2": " income inequality", "572a07a86aef0514001551d3": " Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett", "572a07a86aef0514001551d4": " nine", "572a07a86aef0514001551d5": " in countries with bigger income inequalities", "572a07a86aef0514001551d6": " greater equality but not per capita income", "572a0a391d046914007796df": " inequality", "572a0a391d046914007796e0": "Crime rate", "572a0a391d046914007796e1": " fifty", "572a0a391d046914007796e3": " differences in the amount of inequality in each province or state", "572a0a391d046914007796e2": " tenfold", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa765": " economic inequality", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa766": "distributive efficiency", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa767": " great deal of utility", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa768": " decreases", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa769": " higher aggregate utility", "572a0c541d046914007796f3": " consumption", "572a0c541d046914007796f4": " libertarian", "572a0c541d046914007796f5": " 2001", "572a0c541d046914007796f6": " Thomas B. Edsall", "572a0c541d046914007796f7": " journalist", "572a0d21af94a219006aa783": "Central Banking economist", "572a0d21af94a219006aa784": "systematic economic inequalities", "572a0d21af94a219006aa785": " Financial crisis of 2007\u201308", "572a0d21af94a219006aa786": " easier credit to the lower and middle income earners", "572a0d21af94a219006aa787": " unsustainable monetary stimulation", "572a0e0e1d04691400779707": " inequality in wealth and income", "572a0e0e1d04691400779708": " quality of a country's institutions", "572a0e0e1d04691400779709": " then GDP growth actually declines", "572a0e0e1d0469140077970a": " higher GDP growth", "572a0e0e1d0469140077970b": " poor", "572a0ecb1d04691400779717": " increasing inequality harms economic growth", "572a0ecb1d04691400779718": " economic growth", "572a0ecb1d04691400779719": " subsequent long-run economic growth", "572a0ecb1d0469140077971a": " it is a waste of resources", "572a0ecb1d0469140077971b": " its inequality", "572a1046af94a219006aa78d": " evidence in 2009 that both global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth", "572a1046af94a219006aa78e": " limiting aggregate demand", "572a1046af94a219006aa78f": " global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth", "572a1046af94a219006aa790": " increasing importance of human capital in development", "572a1046af94a219006aa791": " human capital is scarcer than machines, widespread education", "572a11663f37b31900478693": " 1993", "572a11663f37b31900478694": " detrimental", "572a11663f37b31900478695": " the channels through which inequality may affect economic growth", "572a11663f37b31900478696": " fertility", "572a11663f37b31900478697": " politically and socially unstable", "572a12381d0469140077972d": " reduce", "572a12381d0469140077972e": " reduce growth in relatively poor countries", "572a12381d0469140077972c": " growth and investment", "572a12381d0469140077972b": " Harvard", "572a12381d0469140077972f": " between 1960 and 2000", "572a13841d0469140077973b": " the Kuznets curve hypothesis", "572a13841d0469140077973c": " first increases", "572a13841d0469140077973d": " Thomas Piketty", "572a13841d0469140077973e": " Economist", "572a13841d0469140077973f": " wars and \"violent economic and political shocks", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7df": " 1970s", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e0": " reduced consumer demand", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e1": " risen with increased income inequality", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e2": " several years", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e3": " more equality in the income distribution", "572a1a5c6aef051400155284": " special efforts", "572a1a5c6aef051400155285": " the existing level of inequality", "572a1a5c6aef051400155286": " nearly 60 years to achieve the same reduction", "572a1a5c6aef051400155287": " United Nations", "572a1a5c6aef051400155288": " reducing poverty", "572a1ba46aef05140015528e": " land and housing", "572a1ba46aef05140015528f": " through various associations and other arrangements", "572a1ba46aef051400155290": " informal form through various associations and other arrangements. Reasons for extra-legal", "572a1ba46aef051400155291": " 200", "572a1ba46aef051400155292": " government land", "572a1c943f37b319004786e1": " affordable housing", "572a1c943f37b319004786e2": " the number of quality rental units", "572a1c943f37b319004786e3": " the demand for higher quality housing", "572a1c943f37b319004786e4": " landlords found new residents willing to pay higher market rate for housing", "572a1c943f37b319004786e5": " ad valorem property tax", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f5": " by everyone, such as the costs of housing, pensions, education and health care", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f6": " worse equipped to manage their finances", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f7": " aspirational consumption", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f8": " taking on debt", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f9": " economic instability", "572a1f086aef0514001552c0": " created", "572a1f086aef0514001552c1": " this multiplier would be lower", "572a1f086aef0514001552c2": " this", "572a1f086aef0514001552c3": "corrected", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d0": " the private ownership of the means of production", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d1": " a small portion of the population lives off unearned property income", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d2": " wage or salary", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d3": " socially", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d4": " reflective", "572a20816aef0514001552e4": "Robert Nozick", "572a20816aef0514001552e5": " taxation", "572a20816aef0514001552e6": " force", "572a20816aef0514001552e7": " forceful taking of property", "572a20816aef0514001552e8": " when they improve society as a whole", "572a213e6aef0514001552ee": " \u201ccapability deprivation", "572a213e6aef0514001552ef": " the end itself", "572a213e6aef0514001552f0": " to \u201cwid[en] people\u2019s choices and the level of their achieved well-being\u201d", "572a213e6aef0514001552f1": " increasing functionings", "572a213e6aef0514001552f2": " ability to pursue valued goals", "572a2224af94a219006aa823": " deprived of earning as much income as they would otherwise", "572a2224af94a219006aa824": " earn as much as a healthy young man", "572a2224af94a219006aa825": " gender roles and customs", "572a2224af94a219006aa826": " fear of their lives", "572a2224af94a219006aa827": " a better relevant income", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e2": " BBC", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e3": " 1963", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e4": " TARDIS", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e5": " blue British police box", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e6": " British science-fiction", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f2": " 1963 to 1989", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f3": " Russell T Davies", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f4": " K-9 and Company", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f5": " Russell T Davies", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f6": " Russell T Davies", "5727f18c3acd2414000df063": "elve", "5727f18c3acd2414000df064": " Peter Capaldi", "5727f18c3acd2414000df065": "The Time of the Doctor", "5727f18c3acd2414000df066": " written into the plot of the show, as well as the differing approach to the role that each brings, under the concept of regeneration into a new incarnation", "5727f18c3acd2414000df067": " new personality", "5727f2583acd2414000df087": " Gallifrey", "5727f2583acd2414000df088": " Mark I Type 40 TARDIS", "5727f2583acd2414000df089": "Time and Relative Dimension in Space", "5727f2583acd2414000df08a": "chameleon circuit", "5727f2583acd2414000df08b": " a malfunction in the chameleon circuit", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a5": " rarely travels alone", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a6": " Daleks", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a7": " taking on a new appearance", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a8": " humans", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a9": " Time Lord", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a32": " 17:16:20 GMT, eighty seconds after the scheduled programme time, 5:15 pm, on Saturday, 23 November 1963", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a33": " Daleks", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a34": " programme was not permitted to contain any \"bug-eyed monsters\".", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a35": " Anthony Coburn", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a36": " 25 minutes", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a44": " 26", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a45": " Jonathan Powell", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a46": " Doctor Who: More Than 30 Years in the TARDIS", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a47": " not to commission a planned 27th series", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a48": " BBC 1", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9956": " relaunch the show", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9957": " Philip Segal", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9958": " Fox Network", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9959": " 9.1 million", "5727f678ff5b5019007d995a": " UK", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9960": "Rose\"", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9961": " 2005", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9963": " 2009", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9964": " Chris Chibnall", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9962": " nine further series in 2006\u20132008 and 2010\u20132015, and Christmas Day specials", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7c": " 1963\u20131989", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7d": "The 2005 version", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7e": " 2005 version of Doctor Who is a direct plot continuation of the original 1963\u20131989", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7f": " Battlestar Galactica and Bionic Woman", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a80": " Doctor Who", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164160": " 30 November 1963", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164161": " ten minutes", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164162": " John F. Kennedy", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164163": " assassination of US President John F. Kennedy", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164164": " the coverage of the assassination, as well as a series of power blackouts", "5727fdb94b864d190016417c": "Hiding behind (or 'watching from behind') the sofa", "5727fdb94b864d190016417d": " Museum of the Moving Image in London", "5727fdb94b864d190016417e": " \"Behind the Sofa", "5727fdb94b864d190016417f": "scariest TV show of all time\".", "5727fdb94b864d1900164180": " Digital Spy", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a1": " Doctor Who", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a2": " 3%", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a3": " Philip Howard", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a4": " Monopoly", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a5": " The Times", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8c": " TARDIS", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8d": " blue police box", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8e": " police box as a time machine", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8f": " the BBC", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a90": " 2002", "572800b03acd2414000df1f1": " 26", "572800b03acd2414000df1f2": " 6 December 1989", "572800b03acd2414000df1f3": " 12", "572800b03acd2414000df1f4": " The Master", "572800b03acd2414000df1f5": " Black Guardian Trilogy", "572801823acd2414000df1fb": " 2005", "572801823acd2414000df1fc": " 13 45-minute", "572801823acd2414000df1fd": " Christmas Day", "572801823acd2414000df1fe": "The Eleventh Hour", "572801823acd2414000df1ff": " 2010", "5728023a4b864d19001641f4": "826", "5728023a4b864d19001641f5": " 25-minute", "5728023a4b864d19001641f6": " 60 minutes' duration, one of 72", "5728023a4b864d19001641f7": " 60 minutes", "5728023a4b864d19001641f8": " 1963", "572803493acd2414000df229": " William Hartnell and Patrick Troughton", "572803493acd2414000df22a": " 97 of 253", "572803493acd2414000df22b": " 3, 4, & 5", "572803493acd2414000df22c": "Between about 1964 and 1973", "572803493acd2414000df22d": " 1972, almost all episodes then made were known to exist at the BBC, while by 1978", "572804522ca10214002d9b94": " bought prints", "572804522ca10214002d9b95": " fans", "572804522ca10214002d9b97": "Mission to the Unknown\" and The Massacre of St Bartholomew's Eve", "572804522ca10214002d9b96": " television screen onto 8 mm cine film", "572804522ca10214002d9b98": " home viewers", "572805363acd2414000df26d": " BBC", "572805363acd2414000df26e": " Cosgrove Hall", "572805363acd2414000df26f": "1968", "572805363acd2414000df270": " Theta-Sigma", "572805363acd2414000df271": " November 2006", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b42": "regeneration", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b43": " the Doctor's third on-screen regeneration", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b44": " original star William Hartnell's poor health", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b45": "regeneration", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b46": "change of appearance", "572808bf4b864d190016429a": " 12", "572808bf4b864d190016429b": " 12", "572808bf4b864d190016429c": "The Time of the Doctor", "572808bf4b864d190016429d": " The Deadly Assassin and Mawdryn Undead", "572808bf4b864d190016429e": " 1996", "572809ab4b864d19001642ae": " John Hurt", "572809ab4b864d19001642af": "The Day of the Doctor", "572809ab4b864d19001642b0": " Michael Jayston", "572809ab4b864d19001642b1": " The Trial of a Time Lord", "572809ab4b864d19001642b2": " McGann and Eccleston", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c66": " Eleventh", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c67": " The Three Doctors", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c68": " Patrick Troughton", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c6a": " The Space Museum", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c69": "The Day of the Doctor", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca8": " Peter Davison, Colin Baker and Sylvester McCoy", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca9": " Zagreus", "57280cac2ca10214002d9caa": " Colin Baker and Sylvester McCoy", "57280cac2ca10214002d9cab": " Colin Baker and Sylvester McCoy", "57280cac2ca10214002d9cac": " 2003", "57280e323acd2414000df349": "The Lodger\". In the 2013 episode \"The Time of the Doctor", "57280e323acd2414000df34a": " The Brain of Morbius", "57280e323acd2414000df34b": " Mawdryn", "57280e323acd2414000df34c": "The Lodger", "57280e323acd2414000df34d": " 1983", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35b": " An Unearthly Child", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35c": " Susan Foreman", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35d": " 1967", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35e": " destroyed", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35f": "Smith and Jones\"", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c30": " human, or humanoid aliens", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c31": " The Deadly Assassin", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c33": " the Doctor travels alone", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c34": " human", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c32": " Susan Foreman", "572811434b864d190016438c": " female", "572811434b864d190016438d": " Rose Tyler (Billie Piper), Martha Jones (Freema Agyeman), and Donna Noble (Catherine Tate)", "572811434b864d190016438e": " Amy Pond", "572811434b864d190016438f": " Pearl Mackie", "572811434b864d1900164390": "Catherine Tate", "572812142ca10214002d9d2a": " Russell T Davies", "572812142ca10214002d9d2b": " 2005", "572812142ca10214002d9d2c": " Autons with the Nestene Consciousness and Daleks", "572812142ca10214002d9d2d": " 3", "572812142ca10214002d9d2e": " Steven Moffat, has continued the trend by reviving the Silurians", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c80": " Dalek", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c81": " Skaro", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c82": " to \"exterminate\" all non-Dalek beings", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c83": " Davros", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c84": " their eyestalk", "572813b52ca10214002d9d68": "The Master", "572813b52ca10214002d9d69": "Professor Moriarty to the Doctor's Sherlock Holmes", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6a": " Eric Roberts", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6b": " Anthony Ainley", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6c": " Peter Pratt and Geoffrey Beevers until Anthony Ainley", "572814882ca10214002d9d72": " Derek Jacobi", "572814882ca10214002d9d73": "Utopia", "572814882ca10214002d9d74": " 2014", "572814882ca10214002d9d75": "Missy", "572814882ca10214002d9d76": " Michelle Gomez", "572816213acd2414000df429": " Ron Grainer and realised by Delia Derbyshire", "572816213acd2414000df42a": " BBC Radiophonic Workshop", "572816213acd2414000df42b": " musique concr\u00e8te", "572816213acd2414000df42c": "1979\u201380", "572816213acd2414000df42d": "Did I write that?\"", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db0": " Peter Howell", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db1": " Peter Howell for season 18 (1980), which was in turn replaced by Dominic Glynn", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db2": " Seventh Doctor", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db3": " John Debney", "572817802ca10214002d9db4": " Christmas episode \"The Christmas Invasion", "5728185f3acd2414000df45b": "Voyage of the Damned", "5728185f3acd2414000df45d": " Classic FM", "5728185f3acd2414000df45c": " 2010 series", "5728185f3acd2414000df45e": " 228", "5728185f3acd2414000df45f": " Gold", "572819864b864d190016447e": " Jon Pertwee", "572819864b864d190016447f": " Mankind", "572819864b864d1900164480": " 24", "572819864b864d1900164481": "Doctorin' the Tardis", "572819864b864d1900164482": "Rock and Roll Part 2", "57281a952ca10214002d9dea": " Dudley Simpson", "57281a952ca10214002d9deb": " Planet of Giants", "57281a952ca10214002d9dec": " 15 years", "57281a952ca10214002d9ded": " Planet of Giants", "57281a952ca10214002d9dee": " The Talons of Weng-Chiang", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfa": " BBC National Orchestra of Wales", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfb": " David Tennant", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfc": " 27 July 2008", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfd": " \"Music of the Spheres", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfe": " Murray Gold and Ben Foster", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1e": "Six", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1f": " the second and third", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e20": " music from the 2008\u20132010 specials (The Next Doctor to End of Time Part 2).", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e21": " \"A Christmas Carol", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e22": " 8 November 2010", "57281f203acd2414000df4f5": "The Day of the Doctor", "57281f203acd2414000df4f6": " The logo used for the Eleventh Doctor", "57281f203acd2414000df4f7": " Twelfth Doctor", "57281f203acd2414000df4f8": " The logo used in the television movie featuring the Eighth Doctor", "57281f203acd2414000df4f9": " Who", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9c": " assassination of John F. Kennedy", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9d": " BBC's mainstream BBC One channel", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9e": " 1970s", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9f": " 1964\u20131965", "57282036ff5b5019007d9da0": " BBC Three", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db2": " late 1980s", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db3": " Its late 1980s performance", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db4": " Coronation Street", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db5": " three to five million viewers", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db6": " 1985", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd4": " The Five Doctors", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd5": " New Zealand", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd6": " Edmonton", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd7": " 15", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd8": " 23 November", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed6": " Australian Broadcasting Corporation", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed7": " The Five Doctors", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed8": " SyFy", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed9": " weekly screenings", "5728245b2ca10214002d9eda": " ABC1", "572825714b864d1900164590": " 1976", "572825714b864d1900164591": " The Three Doctors", "572825714b864d1900164592": " Space", "572825714b864d1900164593": " The Talons of Weng-Chiang", "572825714b864d1900164594": " Judith Merril", "572826762ca10214002d9f2c": " Christopher Eccleston", "572826762ca10214002d9f2d": " trivia question as part of a viewer contest) and excerpts from the Doctor Who Confidential documentary", "572826762ca10214002d9f2e": "The Christmas Invasion", "572826762ca10214002d9f2f": " 9 October 2006", "572826762ca10214002d9f30": " Thanksgiving", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e26": " United Kingdom, Australia, Canada and the United States", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e27": " Doctor Who", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e28": " Doctor Who (The Infinite Quest)", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e29": " Spearhead", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e2a": " 2009", "572828383acd2414000df5c3": " Trevor Martin played the role in Doctor Who and the Daleks in the Seven Keys to Doomsday. In the late 1980s, Jon Pertwee", "572828383acd2414000df5c4": " Doctor Who \u2013 The Ultimate Adventure", "572828383acd2414000df5c5": " Terry Nation", "572828383acd2414000df5c6": " Doctor Who and the Daleks in the Seven Keys to Doomsday", "572828383acd2414000df5c7": " Terry Nation", "572829532ca10214002d9fa2": " Torchwood", "572829532ca10214002d9fa3": " 22 October 2006", "572829532ca10214002d9fa4": " 2008", "572829532ca10214002d9fa5": " Children of Earth", "572829532ca10214002d9fa6": " Torchwood: Miracle Day", "57282f204b864d190016468a": " Elisabeth Sladen", "57282f204b864d190016468b": " 24 September 2007", "57282f204b864d190016468c": " 2010", "57282f204b864d190016468d": " 2010", "57282f204b864d190016468e": " death of Elisabeth Sladen", "5728303e4b864d19001646aa": " Dimensions in Time", "5728303e4b864d19001646ab": " Children in Need", "5728303e4b864d19001646ac": " EastEnders", "5728303e4b864d19001646ad": " Pulfrich effect requiring glasses with one darkened lens", "5728303e4b864d19001646ae": " Pulfrich effect", "572831512ca10214002da04a": " Doctor Who and the Curse of Fatal Death", "572831512ca10214002da04b": " four", "572831512ca10214002da04c": " Richard E. Grant, Jim Broadbent, Hugh Grant and Joanna Lumley", "572831512ca10214002da04d": " Richard E. Grant, Jim Broadbent, Hugh Grant and Joanna Lumley", "572831512ca10214002da04e": " head writer and executive producer", "572833662ca10214002da086": " The Next Generation", "572833662ca10214002da087": " \"Blue Harvest\" and \"420\",", "572833662ca10214002da088": " Queer as Folk", "572833662ca10214002da089": " Vince", "572833662ca10214002da08a": " Brisingr and High Wizardry", "572834524b864d1900164716": " The Chase", "572834524b864d1900164717": " 21-minute", "572834524b864d1900164718": " The Chase", "572834524b864d1900164719": " 1966", "572834524b864d190016471a": " The Chase", "572835854b864d190016472e": " Fifth, Sixth and Seventh Doctors", "572835854b864d190016472f": " Destiny of the Doctor", "572835854b864d1900164730": " Big Finish Productions", "572835854b864d1900164731": " 1999", "572835854b864d1900164732": " 2012", "572836732ca10214002da0dc": " 1991", "572836732ca10214002da0dd": " 1991", "572836732ca10214002da0de": " 1979", "572836732ca10214002da0df": " Panini", "572836732ca10214002da0e0": " BBC Books", "572837402ca10214002da0f4": " early 1960s", "572837402ca10214002da0f5": " BBC Television", "572837402ca10214002da0f6": " the BBC", "572837402ca10214002da0f7": " the BBC", "572838323acd2414000df737": " 2006", "572838323acd2414000df738": "2005\u20132010", "572838323acd2414000df739": " 2011", "572838323acd2414000df73a": " Michelle Gomez", "572838323acd2414000df73b": " British Academy Television Award", "57283a392ca10214002da118": " Guinness World Records", "57283a392ca10214002da119": " Doctor Who", "57283a392ca10214002da11a": " electronic", "57283a392ca10214002da11b": " 2013", "57283a392ca10214002da11c": " Peabody Awards", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa4": " Season 11", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa5": " Doctor Who", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa6": " third", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa7": " SFX magazine", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa8": " third", "57283ce72ca10214002da14c": " five BAFTA TV Awards", "57283ce72ca10214002da14d": " five", "57283ce72ca10214002da14e": " 25", "57283ce72ca10214002da14f": " 2009", "57283ce72ca10214002da150": " Mind Award", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc6": " six times", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc7": " 200", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc8": " over a hundred", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc9": " Matt Smith", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fca": " Matt Smith", "57283e652ca10214002da166": " Spike Milligan", "57283e652ca10214002da167": " Spike Milligan", "57283e652ca10214002da168": " soap sponge", "57283e652ca10214002da16a": " Jon Culshaw frequently impersonates the Fourth Doctor", "57283e652ca10214002da169": " BBC Dead Ringers", "57283c464b864d19001647c8": " private research university", "57283c464b864d19001647c9": " 1890", "57283c464b864d19001647ca": " seven", "57283c464b864d19001647cb": " four", "57283c464b864d19001647cc": " 5,000", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbc": " the development of various academic disciplines", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbd": " Chicago's physics department", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbe": " Stagg Field", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbf": " University of Chicago Press", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fc0": " 2020", "57283f014b864d19001647e8": " American Baptist Education Society", "57283f014b864d19001647e9": " John D. Rockefeller", "57283f014b864d19001647ea": " William Rainey Harper", "57283f014b864d19001647eb": " 1891", "57283f014b864d19001647ec": " 1892", "57284142ff5b5019007da00a": " John D. Rockefeller on land donated by Marshall Field", "57284142ff5b5019007da00b": " Silas B. Cobb", "57284142ff5b5019007da00c": " Cobb Lecture Hall", "57284142ff5b5019007da00d": " $100,000", "57284142ff5b5019007da00e": " John D. Rockefeller on land donated by Marshall Field", "572843304b864d1900164848": " Des Moines College, Kalamazoo College, Butler University, and Stetson University", "572843304b864d1900164849": " 1896", "572843304b864d190016484a": " made a grade of A for all four years", "572843304b864d190016484b": " University of Chicago professors", "572843304b864d190016484c": " 1910", "57284456ff5b5019007da05c": " Robert Maynard Hutchins", "57284456ff5b5019007da060": " Common Core", "57284456ff5b5019007da05f": " to emphasize academics over athletics", "57284456ff5b5019007da05e": " 24-year", "57284456ff5b5019007da05d": " 1929", "57284618ff5b5019007da0a8": " 1950s", "57284618ff5b5019007da0a9": " increasing crime and poverty", "57284618ff5b5019007da0aa": " after their second year", "57284618ff5b5019007da0ab": " Hyde Park", "57284618ff5b5019007da0ac": " attend college", "572847ff3acd2414000df869": " 1962", "572847ff3acd2414000df86a": " off-campus rental policies", "572847ff3acd2414000df86b": " 1967", "572847ff3acd2414000df86c": " two", "572847ff3acd2414000df86d": "social and political action,\"", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f2": " mid-2000s", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f3": " Milton Friedman Institute", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f4": " $200 million", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f5": " Chicago Theological Seminary", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f6": " David G. Booth", "57284b904b864d19001648e2": " Main Quadrangles", "57284b904b864d19001648e3": " six", "57284b904b864d19001648e4": " Cobb, Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge", "57284b904b864d19001648e5": " Magdalen Tower", "57284b904b864d19001648e6": " Christ Church Hall", "57284d484b864d1900164900": " 1940s", "57284d484b864d1900164901": " Eero Saarinen", "57284d484b864d1900164902": " School of Social Service Administration", "57284d484b864d1900164903": " School of Social Service Administration", "57284d484b864d1900164904": "2003", "57284e9fff5b5019007da150": " Singapore, London, and the downtown Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago", "57284e9fff5b5019007da151": " Seine", "57284e9fff5b5019007da152": " 2010", "57284e9fff5b5019007da153": " Renmin University", "57284e9fff5b5019007da154": " 2015", "5728501aff5b5019007da166": " a board of trustees", "5728501aff5b5019007da167": " 50", "5728501aff5b5019007da168": " 50 members including the university President. Directly beneath the President are the Provost, fourteen", "5728501aff5b5019007da169": " Andrew Alper", "5728501aff5b5019007da16a": " Daniel Diermeier", "5728510f4b864d1900164936": " The Higher Learning Commission", "5728510f4b864d1900164937": " four", "5728510f4b864d1900164938": " seven", "57285213ff5b5019007da180": " 50", "57285213ff5b5019007da181": " 28", "57285213ff5b5019007da182": " five", "57285213ff5b5019007da183": " New Collegiate Division", "572853e8ff5b5019007da188": " Common Core", "572853e8ff5b5019007da189": " 17", "572853e8ff5b5019007da18a": " rigorous, intense", "572853e8ff5b5019007da18b": " Uni in the USA", "572855973acd2414000df925": " University of Chicago Laboratory Schools", "572855973acd2414000df926": " University of Chicago Laboratory Schools", "572855973acd2414000df927": " four", "572855973acd2414000df928": " University of Chicago Laboratory Schools", "572855973acd2414000df929": " University of Chicago campus", "572856beff5b5019007da190": " six libraries that contain a total of 9.8 million", "572856beff5b5019007da191": " 9.8 million", "572856beff5b5019007da192": " Regenstein Library", "572856beff5b5019007da193": " 2011", "572856beff5b5019007da194": " 1.3 million", "57285841ff5b5019007da19a": " 12", "57285841ff5b5019007da19b": " 12", "57285841ff5b5019007da19c": " Oriental Institute", "57285841ff5b5019007da19d": " Fermilab", "57285841ff5b5019007da19e": " Sunspot, New Mexico", "57286010ff5b5019007da1ca": " shaping ideas about the free market", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cb": " Chicago school of sociology. In physics, the university was the site of the Chicago Pile-1", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cc": " Miller\u2013Urey experiment", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cd": " 1953", "572861cc4b864d190016495e": " 1933", "572861cc4b864d190016495f": " 2000", "572861cc4b864d1900164960": " 2000", "572861cc4b864d1900164961": "2002", "572861cc4b864d1900164962": " Several thousand", "572863363acd2414000df985": " 5,792", "572863363acd2414000df986": " 5,792", "572863363acd2414000df987": " 5,792", "572863363acd2414000df988": " 15,244", "572863363acd2414000df989": " international students", "572864542ca10214002da2de": " University Athletic Association", "572864542ca10214002da2df": " NCAA's Division III", "572864542ca10214002da2e0": " Big Ten Conference", "572864542ca10214002da2e1": " Jay Berwanger", "572864542ca10214002da2e2": " University President Robert Maynard Hutchins de-emphasized varsity athletics", "5728659f4b864d190016498a": " 400", "5728659f4b864d190016498b": " Recognized Student Organizations", "5728659f4b864d190016498c": " University of Chicago College Bowl Team", "5728659f4b864d190016498d": " Doc Films", "5728659f4b864d190016498e": " Off-Off Campus", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fc": " graduate and undergraduate students", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fd": " President", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fe": " two", "5728667eff5b5019007da1ff": " $2 million", "572867543acd2414000df9a1": " fifteen", "572867543acd2414000df9a2": " seven", "572867543acd2414000df9a3": " Alpha Phi Omega", "572867543acd2414000df9a4": " seven", "572867543acd2414000df9a5": " fifteen", "5728683b3acd2414000df9af": " May", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b0": " 1963", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b1": " Festival of the Arts", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b2": " Kuviasungnerk/Kangeiko", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b3": " Summer Breeze", "57286951ff5b5019007da20e": " Satya Nadella", "57286951ff5b5019007da20f": " Larry Ellison", "57286951ff5b5019007da210": " Larry Ellison", "57286951ff5b5019007da211": " Satya Nadella", "57286951ff5b5019007da212": " Larry Ellison", "57286ab72ca10214002da31e": " Saul Alinsky", "57286ab72ca10214002da31f": " Saul Alinsky", "57286ab72ca10214002da320": " Robert Bork", "57286ab72ca10214002da321": " Masaaki Shirakawa", "57286ab72ca10214002da322": " Eliot Ness", "57286bf84b864d19001649d4": " Allan Bloom", "57286bf84b864d19001649d6": " Kurt Vonnegut", "57286bf84b864d19001649d2": " Lauren Oliver", "57286bf84b864d19001649d5": " Studs Terkel", "57286bf84b864d19001649d3": " Philip Roth", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e0": " Philip Glass", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e1": " Alex Seropian", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e2": " Halo", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e3": " Ed Asner", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e4": " Mike Nichols", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d1": " Carl Sagan, a prominent contributor to the scientific research of extraterrestrial life, and Edwin Hubble", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d2": " John M. Grunsfeld", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d3": " David Suzuki", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d4": " John B. Goodenough", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d5": " Clair Cameron Patterson", "572870b2ff5b5019007da222": " Milton Friedman", "572870b2ff5b5019007da223": " Margaret Thatcher", "572870b2ff5b5019007da224": " Milton Friedman", "572870b2ff5b5019007da225": " Eugene Fama", "572871bc4b864d1900164a04": " David Graeber and Donald Johanson", "572871bc4b864d1900164a05": " Samuel Reshevsky", "572871bc4b864d1900164a06": " Samuel P. Huntington", "572872dd2ca10214002da37e": " A. A. Michelson", "572872dd2ca10214002da37f": " Arthur H. Compton", "572872dd2ca10214002da380": " Arthur H. Compton", "572872dd2ca10214002da381": " Edward Teller", "572872dd2ca10214002da382": " Maria Goeppert-Mayer", "5728742cff5b5019007da246": " James Henry Breasted", "5728742cff5b5019007da247": " Alberto Calder\u00f3n", "5728742cff5b5019007da248": " Ted Fujita", "5728742cff5b5019007da249": " Friedrich Hayek, meteorologist Ted Fujita", "5728742cff5b5019007da24a": " Charles Brenton Huggins and Janet Rowley", "5728759cff5b5019007da25b": " Raghuram Rajan", "5728759cff5b5019007da25a": " Goldman Sachs", "5728759cff5b5019007da25c": " David Bevington", "5728759cff5b5019007da25d": " John Mearsheimer and Robert Pape", "5728759cff5b5019007da25e": " Neil Shubin and Paul Sereno", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b6": " pinyin: Yu\u00e1n Ch\u00e1o", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b7": " Great Yuan", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b8": " Kublai Khan", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b9": " Yehe Yuan Ulus", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1ba": " 1271", "572860e03acd2414000df977": " Mongol Empire", "572860e03acd2414000df978": " Mongol Empire", "572860e03acd2414000df979": " Mongol Empire and an imperial Chinese dynasty. It was the khanate", "572860e03acd2414000df97a": " Genghis Khan", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dc": " 1271", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dd": " Commentaries on the Classic of Changes", "57286192ff5b5019007da1de": "Mongol dynasty", "57286192ff5b5019007da1df": "Great Mongol State", "57286192ff5b5019007da1e0": " Great Khan", "572863c72ca10214002da2d4": " Mongol and Turkic", "572863c72ca10214002da2d5": " 1206", "572863c72ca10214002da2d6": " \u00d6gedei Khan", "572863c72ca10214002da2d7": " 1206", "572863c72ca10214002da2d8": " unable to read Chinese but had several Han Chinese teachers attached to him since his early years by his mother", "572864dd4b864d1900164976": " Jin", "572864dd4b864d1900164977": " Han Chinese", "572864dd4b864d1900164978": " Shi Tianze", "572864dd4b864d1900164979": " 10,000", "572864dd4b864d190016497a": " 4 Han Tumens and 3 Khitan Tumens, with each Tumen consisting of 10,000", "5728661e2ca10214002da2e8": " Han Chinese", "5728661e2ca10214002da2e9": " Jin dynasty", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ea": " Interethnic marriage between Han and Jurchen", "5728661e2ca10214002da2eb": " Shi Bingzhi", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ec": " Song dynasty", "572867212ca10214002da2f2": "M\u00f6ngke Khan", "572867212ca10214002da2f3": " southern China", "572867212ca10214002da2f4": " 1259", "572867212ca10214002da2f5": " Ariq B\u00f6ke", "572867212ca10214002da2f6": " Zhongtong", "572867d72ca10214002da2fc": " Ogedei", "572867d72ca10214002da2fd": " south", "572867d72ca10214002da2fe": " Ogedei's grandson Kaidu", "572867d72ca10214002da2ff": " northeast", "572867d72ca10214002da300": " 1262", "572869b84b864d19001649ae": " preserving Mongol interests in China", "572869b84b864d19001649b0": " Imperial Secretariat", "572869b84b864d19001649b2": " Han Chinese", "572869b84b864d19001649b1": " three", "572869b84b864d19001649af": " salt and iron", "57286b003acd2414000df9c1": " Karakorum", "57286b003acd2414000df9c2": " Khanbaliq", "57286b003acd2414000df9c3": " 1264", "57286b003acd2414000df9c4": " Zhongdu", "57286b003acd2414000df9c5": " Confucian propriety and ancestor veneration", "57286bb84b864d19001649c8": " commercial, scientific, and cultural", "57286bb84b864d19001649c9": " peace", "57286bb84b864d19001649ca": " Daidu", "57286bb84b864d19001649cb": " Daidu", "57286bb84b864d19001649cc": " Christopher Columbus", "57286c8cff5b5019007da218": " Song Emperor", "57286c8cff5b5019007da219": "1115\u20131234", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21a": "1115\u20131234", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21b": " Confucius", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21c": " 30,000", "57286d4f2ca10214002da328": " northern China", "57286d4f2ca10214002da329": " 1268 and 1273", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32a": " Yangzi River basin", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32b": " Hangzhou", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32c": " drowned", "57286dfa2ca10214002da332": " 1279", "57286dfa2ca10214002da333": " typhoon", "57286dfa2ca10214002da334": " Annam", "57286dfa2ca10214002da335": " Battle of B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng", "57286dfa2ca10214002da336": "1288", "57286ead2ca10214002da346": " 1253", "57286ead2ca10214002da347": " Zhenjin", "57286ead2ca10214002da348": " 1285", "57286ead2ca10214002da349": " Emperor Chengzong", "57286ead2ca10214002da34a": " 1294 to 1307", "57286f373acd2414000df9db": " Buyantu Khan", "57286f373acd2414000df9dc": " liquidation of the Department of State Affairs", "57286f373acd2414000df9dd": " Li Meng", "57286f373acd2414000df9de": " Department of State Affairs", "57286f373acd2414000df9df": " 1313", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e5": "Emperor Gegeen Khan", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e6": " 1321 to 1323", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e7": " Baiju", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e8": "the comprehensive institutions of the Great Yuan", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e9": " five", "5728705c2ca10214002da35a": " Shangdu", "5728705c2ca10214002da35b": " War of the Two Capitals", "5728705c2ca10214002da35c": " four days", "5728705c2ca10214002da35d": " El Tem\u00fcr", "5728705c2ca10214002da35e": " Ragibagh", "5728710c3acd2414000df9ef": " his cultural contribution", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f0": " Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f1": " 1329", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f2": " Jingshi Dadian", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f3": " Confucianism", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa03": " 1332", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa04": "Emperor Ningzong", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa05": " 13-year-old", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa06": " nine", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa07": " Liao, Jin, and Song", "572872822ca10214002da374": " struggle, famine, and bitterness", "572872822ca10214002da375": " famine", "572872822ca10214002da376": " the army and the populace", "572872822ca10214002da377": " Uninterested in administration, they were separated from both the army and the populace, and China was torn by dissension and unrest. Outlaws", "572872822ca10214002da378": " administration", "57287338ff5b5019007da232": " late 1340s", "57287338ff5b5019007da233": " Red Turban Rebellion", "57287338ff5b5019007da234": " fear of betrayal", "57287338ff5b5019007da235": " Red Turban rebels", "57287338ff5b5019007da236": "1368\u20131644", "572878942ca10214002da3a2": " political unity", "572878942ca10214002da3a3": " political unity", "572878942ca10214002da3a4": " Ilkhanate", "572878942ca10214002da3a5": " carrots, turnips, new varieties of lemons, eggplants, and melons", "572879574b864d1900164a14": " Confucian", "572879574b864d1900164a15": " Tibetan Buddhism) flourished, although Taoism", "572879574b864d1900164a16": " Tibetan Buddhism) flourished, although Taoism", "572879574b864d1900164a17": " Buddhism", "572879574b864d1900164a18": " travel literature, cartography, geography, and scientific education", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a28": " Venetian Marco Polo", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a29": "Cambal", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2a": " Travels of Marco Polo", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2b": " The Million, known in English as the Travels of Marco Polo", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2c": " contact with Persian traders", "57287c142ca10214002da3d0": " Guo Shoujing", "57287c142ca10214002da3d1": " 365.2425 days", "57287c142ca10214002da3d2": " granaries were ordered built", "57287c142ca10214002da3d3": " Beijing", "57287c142ca10214002da3d4": " sorghum", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3da": " non-native Chinese people", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3db": " Eternal Heaven", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dc": " Kublai Khan", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dd": " Ming dynasty", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3de": " a period of foreign domination", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e4": " Han Chinese, Khitans, Jurchens, Mongols, and Tibetan Buddhists", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e5": " Tang, Song, as well as Khitan Liao and Jurchen Jin", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e6": " Liu Bingzhong and Yao Shu", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e7": " Chinese tripartite", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e8": " Central Secretariat", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa3f": " the Privy Council", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa40": " since the Sui and Tang dynasties", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa41": " legal cases involving Mongols", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa42": " the Privy Council", "57287e512ca10214002da3f8": " 1269", "57287e512ca10214002da3f9": " Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese", "57287e512ca10214002da3fa": " converse well", "57287e512ca10214002da3fb": " Tugh Temur", "57287e512ca10214002da3fc": " Temur", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da274": " 1290", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da275": " 1291", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da276": " harvests of their Chinese tenants", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa51": " painting, mathematics, calligraphy, poetry, and theater", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa52": " painting, poetry, and calligraphy", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa53": " Song dynasty", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa54": " qu,", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa55": " painters. In the area of calligraphy many of the great calligraphers were from the Yuan dynasty era. In Yuan poetry", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3c": " Kublai Khan", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3d": " Buddhism", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3e": " Tibetan Buddhism", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3f": " Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs", "57287fec4b864d1900164a40": " Sakya", "5728804b4b864d1900164a46": "1249\u20131314", "5728804b4b864d1900164a47": "1249\u20131314", "5728804b4b864d1900164a48": " matrices", "5728804b4b864d1900164a49": " polynomial algebra", "5728804b4b864d1900164a4a": " 1303", "5728809f2ca10214002da40c": " applied mathematics", "5728809f2ca10214002da40d": " cubic interpolation formula", "5728809f2ca10214002da40e": " Calendar for Fixing the Seasons", "5728809f2ca10214002da40f": " Calendar for Fixing the Seasons", "5728809f2ca10214002da410": " 1281", "572881022ca10214002da416": " Healers", "572881022ca10214002da417": " herbal remedies", "572881022ca10214002da418": " herbal remedies", "572881022ca10214002da419": " Imperial Academy of Medicine", "572881022ca10214002da41a": " it ensured a high income", "572881704b864d1900164a50": "Four", "572881704b864d1900164a51": " inherited from the Jin dynasty", "572881704b864d1900164a52": " to other parts of the empire", "572881704b864d1900164a53": " acupuncture, moxibustion, pulse diagnosis, and various herbal drugs and elixirs", "572881704b864d1900164a54": "1277\u20131347", "572881d34b864d1900164a5a": " Muslim medicine", "572881d34b864d1900164a5b": " Jesus the Interpreter", "572881d34b864d1900164a5c": " 1263", "572881d34b864d1900164a5d": " humoral system", "572881d34b864d1900164a5e": " humoral system contradicted the yin-yang and wuxing philosophy", "572882242ca10214002da420": " Kingdom of Qocho and Tibetan intermediaries", "572882242ca10214002da421": " Wang Zhen", "572882242ca10214002da422": " 12th century", "572882242ca10214002da423": " T\u00f6regene Khatun", "572882242ca10214002da424": " 1273", "5728827b2ca10214002da42a": " chao", "5728827b2ca10214002da42b": " mulberry trees", "5728827b2ca10214002da42c": " 1275", "5728827b2ca10214002da42d": " woodblocks", "5728827b2ca10214002da42e": " 1294", "572883153acd2414000dfa6f": " Chinese autocratic-bureaucratic system", "572883153acd2414000dfa70": " Mongolian patrimonial feudalism and the traditional Chinese autocratic-bureaucratic system", "572883153acd2414000dfa71": "various allied groups from Central Asia", "572883153acd2414000dfa72": " fear of transferring power to the ethnic Chinese under their rule", "572883153acd2414000dfa73": " Ilkhanate", "572883a33acd2414000dfa79": " Central Asian Muslims", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7a": " Han Chinese and Khitans", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7b": " Besh Baliq, Almaliq, and Samarqand", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7c": " artisans and farmers", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7d": " Qara-Khitay", "57288428ff5b5019007da28e": " severely discriminated against them", "57288428ff5b5019007da28f": " circumcision", "57288428ff5b5019007da290": " Zhu Yuanzhang", "57288428ff5b5019007da291": "thanks", "57288428ff5b5019007da292": " Yuan dynasty", "5728848cff5b5019007da298": " Frederick W. Mote", "5728848cff5b5019007da299": " social power and wealth", "5728848cff5b5019007da29a": " rich and well socially standing Chinese while there were less rich Mongol and Semu than there were Mongol and Semu who lived in poverty", "5728848cff5b5019007da29b": " rich and well socially standing Chinese", "572885023acd2414000dfa83": " Northern Chinese", "572885023acd2414000dfa84": " Northern Chinese", "572885023acd2414000dfa85": " because southern China withstood and fought to the last before caving in", "572885023acd2414000dfa86": " date they surrendered to the Mongols", "572885023acd2414000dfa87": " private southern Chinese manufacturers and merchants", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8d": " Uighurs of the Kingdom of Qocho", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8e": " Karluk Kara-Khan", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8f": " the Korean King", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa90": " surrendered to the Mongols first", "572885c44b864d1900164a78": " Inner Mongolia", "572885c44b864d1900164a79": " Central Secretariat", "572885c44b864d1900164a7a": " Khanbaliq", "572885c44b864d1900164a7b": " Beijing", "572885c44b864d1900164a7c": " Zhongshu Sheng", "5728dab94b864d1900164f96": " Africa", "5728dab94b864d1900164f97": " East African Community", "5728dab94b864d1900164f98": " Nairobi", "5728dab94b864d1900164f99": " Tanzania", "5728dab94b864d1900164f9a": " 45 million", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dc": " warm and humid", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dd": " cooler", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9de": " Mount Kenya", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9df": " Somalia and Ethiopia", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9e0": " safaris, diverse climate and geography, and expansive wildlife reserves", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac2": " since the Lower Paleolithic period", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac3": " By the first millennium AD", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac4": " Bantu and Nilotic", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac5": " 19th century", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac6": " December 1963", "5728f5376aef0514001548c4": " Mount Kenya", "5728f5376aef0514001548c5": " Kirinyaga, Kirenyaa and Kiinyaa", "5728f5376aef0514001548c6": "God's resting place", "5728f9342ca10214002dab52": " Kenia and Kegnia", "5728f9342ca10214002dab53": " very precise notation of a correct African pronunciation", "5728f9342ca10214002dab54": " Joseph Thompsons", "5728f9342ca10214002dab55": " 1862", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165166": "Big Five", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165167": " lion, leopard, buffalo, rhinoceros, and elephant", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165168": " Kenya and in the Masai Mara", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165169": " between June and September", "5728f9cf4b864d190016516a": " 2,900 kilometres", "5728fa576aef051400154920": " 20 million years ago", "5728fa576aef051400154921": " the Pleistocene epoch", "5728fa576aef051400154922": " Richard Leakey assisted by Kamoya Kimeu", "5728fa576aef051400154923": " 1.6-million-year-old", "5728fa576aef051400154924": " Richard Leakey assisted by Kamoya Kimeu", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3b": " Swahili", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3c": " Mombasa", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3d": " Duarte Barbosa", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef5": " Kenyan Coast", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef6": " City of Malindi", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef7": " 14th century", "5729024f1d04691400778f5f": " August 1914", "5729024f1d04691400778f60": " German East Africa", "5729024f1d04691400778f61": " Lt Col Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck", "5729024f1d04691400778f62": " guerrilla warfare campaign", "5729024f1d04691400778f63": " Northern Rhodesia", "572903d96aef0514001549a4": " central highlands", "572903d96aef0514001549a5": " as itinerant farmers", "572903d96aef0514001549a6": " banned the growing of coffee", "572903d96aef0514001549a7": " 80,000", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4d": " 15 January 1954", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4e": " placed Nairobi under military siege", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4f": " 24 April 1954", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f50": " 4,686", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f51": " the Swynnerton Plan", "572906e23f37b31900477f8d": " 1957", "572906e23f37b31900477f8e": " Jomo Kenyatta", "572906e23f37b31900477f8f": " 12 December 1963", "572906e23f37b31900477f90": " under the Kenya Independence Act 1963", "572906e23f37b31900477f91": "Republic of Kenya", "572909406aef0514001549dc": "queuing", "572909406aef0514001549dd": " widespread agitation for constitutional reform", "572909406aef0514001549de": " Daniel arap Moi", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc5": " presidential representative democratic republic", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc6": " head of state and head of government", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc7": " the government", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc8": " the government and the National Assembly", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc9": " Judiciary", "57290b21af94a219006a9fcf": " In 2012, the nation placed 139th", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd0": " the prevalence of public sector corruption", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd1": " 139th", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd2": " the establishment of a new and independent Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission", "57290d811d04691400778fcf": " Party of National Unity", "57290d811d04691400778fd0": " the Orange Democratic Movement", "57290d811d04691400778fd1": " Kibaki closed the gap", "57290d811d04691400778fd2": " Kalonzo Musyoka", "57290e153f37b31900477fd9": " programmes to avoid similar disasters in the future", "57290e153f37b31900477fda": " TAABCO Research and Development Consultants", "57290e153f37b31900477fdb": " Evangelical Lutheran Church", "57290e153f37b31900477fdc": " community dialogues, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Kenya started peace meetings and the Kenya National Dialogue and Reconciliation process", "57290ee2af94a219006a9fff": " 28 February 2008", "57290ee2af94a219006aa000": " second Prime Minister", "57290ee2af94a219006aa001": " PNU and ODM", "57290ee2af94a219006aa002": " two", "57290ee2af94a219006aa003": " until the end of the current Parliament or if either of the parties withdraws from the deal before then", "57290f963f37b31900477feb": " the functions of the Government", "57290f963f37b31900477fec": " Jakaya Kikwete", "57290f963f37b31900477fed": " Harambee House", "57290f963f37b31900477fee": " 29 February 2008", "57290f963f37b31900477fef": " the two political parties would share power equally", "572913626aef051400154a30": "A constitutional change was considered that would eliminate the position of Prime Minister and simultaneously reduce the powers of the President", "572913626aef051400154a31": " 4 August 2010", "572913626aef051400154a32": " local governments", "572913626aef051400154a33": " 27 August 2010", "572913626aef051400154a34": " Second Republic", "572914441d04691400779025": " December 2014", "572914441d04691400779026": " to guard against armed groups. Opposition politicians, human rights groups, and nine Western countries criticised the security bill, arguing that it infringed on democratic freedoms", "572914441d04691400779027": " President Uhuru Kenyatta", "572914441d04691400779028": " it infringed on democratic freedoms", "572914441d04691400779029": " The governments of the United States, Britain, Germany and France", "572914f46aef051400154a46": " International Criminal Court trial", "572914f46aef051400154a47": " US President Barack Obama", "572914f46aef051400154a48": " China", "572914f46aef051400154a49": " mid-2013", "572915621d0469140077902f": " peacekeeping missions", "572915621d04691400779030": " violence", "572915621d04691400779031": " human rights violations", "572915e43f37b31900478005": " armed forces", "572915e43f37b31900478006": " less in public view, and thus less subject to public scrutiny and notoriety", "572915e43f37b31900478007": " tainted by corruption allegations", "572915e43f37b31900478008": " corruption", "572916f16aef051400154a56": " 0.519", "572916f16aef051400154a57": " Kenya", "572916f16aef051400154a58": " $1.25 a day", "572916f16aef051400154a59": " frontier", "572917743f37b3190047800d": " rapid expansion in telecommunication and financial activity", "572917743f37b3190047800f": " rapid expansion in telecommunication and financial activity", "572917743f37b31900478010": " Industry and manufacturing", "572917743f37b3190047800e": " 75%", "572917ff6aef051400154a5e": " 61%", "572917ff6aef051400154a5f": " tourism", "572917ff6aef051400154a60": " steady growth", "572917ff6aef051400154a62": " coastal beaches and the game reserves", "572917ff6aef051400154a61": " Germany and the United Kingdom", "572918bd3f37b31900478016": " 24%", "572918bd3f37b31900478017": " tea, horticultural produce, and coffee", "572918bd3f37b31900478015": "Agriculture", "572918bd3f37b31900478018": " weather", "57291a7b1d0469140077903f": " International Crops Research Institute", "57291a7b1d04691400779040": " opening pathways for them to move out of poverty", "57291a7b1d04691400779041": " stimulating the growth of local seed production and agro-dealer networks", "57291a7b1d04691400779042": " 20\u201325%", "57291a7b1d04691400779043": " opening pathways for them to move out of poverty", "57291b461d04691400779049": "Tea, coffee, sisal, pyrethrum, corn, and wheat are grown in the fertile highlands", "57291b461d0469140077904a": "Tea, coffee, sisal, pyrethrum, corn, and wheat", "57291b461d0469140077904b": " semi-arid savanna", "57291b461d0469140077904c": "53%", "57291b461d0469140077904d": " Kenyans for Kenya initiative", "57291beb1d04691400779053": " Kenya", "57291beb1d04691400779054": " 14%", "57291beb1d04691400779055": " Nairobi, Mombasa and Kisumu", "57291beb1d04691400779056": " small-scale manufacturing of household goods, motor-vehicle parts, and farm implements", "57291d9e3f37b31900478035": "Kenya's inclusion among the beneficiaries of the US Government's African Growth and Opportunity Act", "57291d9e3f37b31900478036": " 2000", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09b": " hydroelectric stations", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09c": " upper Tana River", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09d": " 1997", "57291f153f37b31900478043": " Turkana", "57291f153f37b31900478044": " 10 billion barrels", "57291f153f37b31900478045": " Exploration", "57291f153f37b31900478046": " 20% to 25%", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b1": " $474 million", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b2": " largest source of foreign direct investment", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b3": " gain support from China for a planned $2.5 billion railway from the southern Kenyan port of Mombasa to neighboring Uganda", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b4": " Mombasa", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b5": " environmental and social problems", "57292046af94a219006aa0bb": " climate", "57292046af94a219006aa0bc": " an economic development programme", "57292046af94a219006aa0bd": " National Climate Change Action Plan", "57292046af94a219006aa0be": " an oversight", "57292046af94a219006aa0bf": " climate change is treated as an economy-wide issue", "572920d73f37b31900478055": " agriculture", "572920d73f37b31900478056": " 30%", "572920d73f37b31900478057": " 9\u201318", "572920d73f37b31900478058": " poverty, the lack of access to education and weak government institutions", "572921646aef051400154a78": " Kenyan English", "572921646aef051400154a79": " English and Swahili", "572921646aef051400154a7a": " commerce, schooling and government", "572921646aef051400154a7b": " in the country", "572922206aef051400154a8a": " Christian", "572922206aef051400154a8b": " Presbyterian", "572922206aef051400154a8c": " 3 million", "572922206aef051400154a8d": " Nairobi", "57292449af94a219006aa0dd": " 2.4%.", "57292449af94a219006aa0de": " 2.4%.", "57292449af94a219006aa0df": " Christian", "57292449af94a219006aa0e0": " 300,000", "572924b53f37b31900478067": "Nurses", "572924b53f37b31900478068": " Kenya National Bureau of Statistics", "572924b53f37b31900478069": " 65,000", "572924b53f37b3190047806a": " 7,000", "572925491d046914007790c3": "Diseases of poverty", "572925491d046914007790c4": " Half", "572925491d046914007790c5": " Preventable diseases like malaria, HIV/AIDS, pneumonia, diarrhoea and malnutrition", "572925491d046914007790c6": " Preventable diseases like malaria", "572925491d046914007790c7": " 15 million", "572925a81d046914007790cd": " British colonists", "572925a81d046914007790ce": " 12 December 1963", "572925a81d046914007790cf": " Ominde Commission", "572925a81d046914007790d0": " introduce changes that would reflect the nation's sovereignty. The commission focused on identity and unity", "572925a81d046914007790d1": " Ominde Commission", "572926086aef051400154ac2": " look at both the possibilities of setting up a second university in Kenya as well as the reforming of the entire education system", "572926086aef051400154ac3": " an 8\u20134\u20134 system", "572926086aef051400154ac4": " 7\u20134\u20132\u20133 system", "572926086aef051400154ac5": " 1992", "572926653f37b31900478079": " January 1985", "572926653f37b3190047807a": " vocational subjects", "572926653f37b3190047807b": " assumption that the new structure would enable school drop-outs at all levels either to be self-employed or to secure employment", "572926653f37b3190047807c": " January 2003", "572926653f37b3190047807d": " 70%.", "572926d23f37b31900478083": " six", "572926d23f37b31900478084": " The higher diploma", "572926d23f37b31900478085": " Graduates from the polytechnics and colleges can then join the workforce", "572926d23f37b31900478086": " join a polytechnic or other technical college", "5729276c1d046914007790d7": " 85%", "5729276c1d046914007790d8": " three to five", "5729276c1d046914007790d9": " admission to Standard One", "5729276c1d046914007790da": " those who proceed to secondary school or vocational training", "5729276c1d046914007790db": " Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education", "572927d06aef051400154ade": " Kenya National Library Service", "572927d06aef051400154adf": " to establish, equip, manage and maintain national and public libraries", "572927d06aef051400154ae0": " peoples university", "572927d06aef051400154ae1": " it is open to all irrespective of age, literacy level and has materials relevant to people of all walks of life", "5729281baf94a219006aa11f": " cricket, rallying, football, rugby union and boxing", "5729281baf94a219006aa120": " dominance in middle-distance and long-distance athletics", "5729281baf94a219006aa121": "Kenya", "5729281baf94a219006aa122": " Morocco and Ethiopia", "572928bf6aef051400154af0": " six", "572928bf6aef051400154af1": " won several medals", "572928bf6aef051400154af2": " IAAF Golden League jackpot", "572928bf6aef051400154af3": " defection of a number of Kenyan athletes to represent other countries", "572928bf6aef051400154af4": " because of economic or financial factors", "5729293d3f37b3190047809f": " volleyball", "5729293d3f37b319004780a0": " Cricket", "5729293d3f37b319004780a1": " 2003", "5729293d3f37b319004780a2": " Rakep Patel", "5729293d3f37b319004780a3": " March 2007", "57292994af94a219006aa131": " Safari Rally", "57292994af94a219006aa132": " Safari Rally", "57292994af94a219006aa133": " Colin McRae", "572929d56aef051400154b0a": " three", "572929d56aef051400154b0b": " 4 pm", "572929d56aef051400154b0c": " bread, chapati, mahamri, boiled sweet potatoes or yams", "572929d56aef051400154b0d": "chakula cha jioni", "57293b843f37b31900478133": " United Nations", "57293b843f37b31900478134": " World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme", "57293b843f37b31900478135": " greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere", "57293b843f37b31900478136": "UNFCCC", "57293b843f37b31900478137": " Resolution 43/53", "57293bc91d0469140077919b": "Korean economist Hoesung Lee", "57293bc91d0469140077919c": "orean", "57293bc91d0469140077919d": " Ismail El Gizouli", "57293bc91d0469140077919e": "Korean economist Hoesung Lee", "57293bc91d0469140077919f": " February 2015", "57293c246aef051400154bb8": " representatives appointed by governments", "57293c246aef051400154bb9": " 350", "57293c246aef051400154bba": " Non Governmental and Intergovernmental Organizations", "57293c246aef051400154bbb": " seven-eighths", "57293ca73f37b3190047815b": " 1989", "57293ca73f37b3190047815c": " United Nations Environment Programme", "57293ca73f37b3190047815e": " the IPCC Trust Fund", "57293ca73f37b3190047815f": " Financial Regulations and Rules of the WMO", "57293ca73f37b3190047815d": " the IPCC Trust Fund", "57293d116aef051400154bc8": " carry out research nor does it monitor climate related data", "57293d116aef051400154bc9": " published sources", "57293d116aef051400154bca": " Authors may refer to non-peer-reviewed sources", "57293d116aef051400154bcb": "grey literature", "57293d6d1d046914007791b7": " two", "57293d6d1d046914007791b8": " two", "57293d6d1d046914007791b9": " two", "57293d6d1d046914007791ba": " The coordinating lead authors", "57293d6d1d046914007791bb": " the Working Group chairs", "57293e221d046914007791d5": " substantially increasing", "57293e221d046914007791d6": " additional warming of the Earth's surface", "57293e221d046914007791d7": " over half", "57293e221d046914007791d8": "business as usual\" (BAU) scenario", "57293e221d046914007791d9": " 0.3 to 0.6 \u00b0C", "57293e983f37b3190047818b": " 2001", "57293e983f37b3190047818c": " 16", "57293e983f37b3190047818d": " Science", "57293e983f37b3190047818e": " 90%", "57293e983f37b3190047818f": " between 1.4 and 5.8 \u00b0C", "57293f353f37b3190047819b": " Richard Lindzen", "57293f353f37b3190047819c": " not faithfully summarize the full WGI report", "57293f353f37b3190047819d": " John Houghton", "57293f353f37b3190047819e": " co-chair of TAR WGI", "57293f353f37b3190047819f": " scientific evidence", "57293f8a6aef051400154bde": " on specific topics. The preparation and approval process for all IPCC Special Reports follows the same procedures as for IPCC Assessment Reports", "57293f8a6aef051400154bdf": " 2011", "57293f8a6aef051400154be0": " 2011", "57293f8a6aef051400154be1": " requested by governments", "572940246aef051400154bec": " Data Distribution Centre and the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme", "572940246aef051400154bed": " Data Distribution Centre and the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme, required under the UNFCCC. This involves publishing default emission factors", "572940246aef051400154bee": " fuel consumption", "572940246aef051400154bef": " WMO Executive Council and UNEP Governing Council", "572940973f37b319004781a5": " the date is incorrect", "572940973f37b319004781a6": "the poor application of well-established IPCC procedures", "572940973f37b319004781a7": " ICSI report", "572940973f37b319004781a8": " 2035", "572941273f37b319004781ad": " chairman", "572941273f37b319004781ae": " making it seem like climate change is more serious", "572941273f37b319004781af": " climate expert", "572941273f37b319004781b0": " over Himalayan glaciers", "572941273f37b319004781b1": "generally unfounded and also marginal to the assessment\".", "57294209af94a219006aa201": " 1999", "57294209af94a219006aa202": " Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes", "57294209af94a219006aa203": "hockey stick graph", "57294209af94a219006aa204": " Jones et al. 1998, Pollack, Huang & Shen 1998, Crowley & Lowery 2000 and Briffa 2000", "57294279af94a219006aa209": " 1000 and 1900", "57294279af94a219006aa20a": " Fred Singer", "57294279af94a219006aa20b": " Capitol Hill, Washington, D.C.,", "57294279af94a219006aa20c": " 18 July 2000", "57294279af94a219006aa20d": " Commerce, Science and Transportation", "572943ab1d04691400779219": " Joe Barton", "572943ab1d0469140077921a": " Rep. Joe Barton", "572943ab1d0469140077921b": " 23 June 2005", "572943ab1d0469140077921c": " Joe Barton", "572943ab1d0469140077921d": " Sherwood Boehlert", "572944e03f37b319004781e2": " 2007", "572944e03f37b319004781e1": " 2007", "572944e03f37b319004781e4": " 14", "572944e03f37b319004781e5": " newer reconstructions used additional data and covered a wider area, using a variety of statistical methods. The section discussed the divergence problem", "572944e03f37b319004781e3": " 14", "572945b11d0469140077922f": " 1 February 2007", "572945b11d04691400779230": " IPCC 2001 projections on temperature and sea level change", "572945b11d04691400779231": " IPCC 2001 projections on temperature and sea level change", "572945b11d04691400779232": " IPCC 2001 projections on temperature and sea level change", "572949306aef051400154c68": " dangers and risks", "572949306aef051400154c69": " 0.5\u20131.4 m [50\u2013140 cm] above 1990 levels", "572949306aef051400154c6a": " 0.5\u20131.4 m [50\u2013140 cm]", "572949306aef051400154c6b": " 2001", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26b": " participant", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26c": "Michael Oppenheimer", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26d": " lead author of the Fifth Assessment Report", "57294e6b1d04691400779275": " IPCC process on climate change", "57294e6b1d04691400779276": " Climate Change", "57294e6b1d04691400779277": " states and governments", "5729506d6aef051400154cac": " Sheldon Ungar", "5729506d6aef051400154cad": " failure of the Kyoto Protocol, varying regional cost-benefit analysis and burden-sharing conflicts", "5729506d6aef051400154cae": " regional burden sharing", "5729506d6aef051400154caf": " the UK government", "5729517d6aef051400154cc8": " scientific papers", "5729517d6aef051400154cc9": " any significant new evidence", "5729517d6aef051400154cca": " any significant new evidence", "572951f16aef051400154cce": " five", "572951f16aef051400154ccf": " Nature", "572951f16aef051400154cd0": " dumping it in favor of a small permanent body", "572951f16aef051400154cd1": " employ a full-time staff and remove government oversight from its processes", "572953013f37b3190047824d": " to conduct photosynthesis", "572953013f37b3190047824e": " NADPH", "572953013f37b3190047824f": " ATP", "572953013f37b31900478250": " Calvin cycle", "572953013f37b31900478251": " 100", "5729544c3f37b31900478257": " circulate and are moved around within plant cells", "5729544c3f37b31900478258": " light color and intensity", "5729544c3f37b31900478259": " contain their own DNA", "5729544c3f37b3190047825a": " cyanobacterium", "5729544c3f37b3190047825b": " circulate and are moved around within plant cells", "572956c86aef051400154d1a": " algae", "572956c86aef051400154d1b": " Russian", "572956c86aef051400154d1c": " Russian biologist", "572956c86aef051400154d1d": " 1905", "572956c86aef051400154d1e": " Konstantin Mereschkowski", "572957361d046914007792cf": "Cyanobacteria", "572957361d046914007792d0": " chloroplasts. They are sometimes called blue-green algae even though they are prokaryotes. They are a diverse phylum of bacteria", "572957361d046914007792d2": " they have two cell membranes", "572957361d046914007792d3": " peptidoglycan", "572957361d046914007792d1": " blue-green algae", "572957ad1d046914007792d9": " cyanobacterium entered an early eukaryotic", "572957ad1d046914007792da": " a billion years ago", "572957ad1d046914007792db": " The two innermost lipid-bilayer membranes", "572957ad1d046914007792dc": " phagosomal membrane", "572957ad1d046914007792dd": " many of its genes were lost or transferred to the nucleus of the host", "5729582b1d046914007792e3": " almost the same thing as chloroplast", "5729582b1d046914007792e4": " three", "5729582b1d046914007792e5": " red algal chloroplast lineage", "5729582b1d046914007792e6": " green chloroplast lineage", "5729582b1d046914007792e7": " glaucophyte chloroplast lineage", "572958cc6aef051400154d2a": " alga", "572958cc6aef051400154d2b": " a glaucophyte", "572958cc6aef051400154d2c": " chloroplasts that retain a peptidoglycan wall between their double membranes", "572958cc6aef051400154d2d": " a carboxysome", "572958cc6aef051400154d2e": " icosahedral", "57295a116aef051400154d44": " chlorophyll", "57295a116aef051400154d45": " phycobilisomes", "57295a116aef051400154d46": " chlorophyll a and phycobilins for photosynthetic pigments; the phycobilin phycoerytherin", "57295a116aef051400154d47": " catch more sunlight", "57295a116aef051400154d48": " collects into granules", "57295b5b1d04691400779315": " lost their phycobilisomes", "57295b5b1d04691400779316": " due to accessory pigments that override the chlorophylls' green colors", "57295b5b1d04691400779317": " peptidoglycan wall", "57295b5b1d04691400779318": " chloroplast division", "57295b5b1d04691400779319": " chlorophyll", "572961f61d04691400779359": " double", "572961f61d0469140077935a": " additional membranes outside of the original two, as a result of the secondary endosymbiotic event", "572961f61d0469140077935b": " a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote engulfed a chloroplast-containing alga but failed to digest it", "572961f61d0469140077935c": " double membrane from their cyanobacterial ancestor, secondary chloroplasts have additional membranes outside of the original two", "572961f61d0469140077935d": " chloroplast, and sometimes its cell membrane and nucleus", "572962953f37b319004782f5": " three membranes", "572962953f37b319004782f6": " common flagellated", "572962953f37b319004782f7": " stacked in groups of three", "572962953f37b319004782f8": " membrane-bound granules", "572962953f37b319004782f9": " the membrane of the primary endosymbiont", "572963221d04691400779385": " cryptomonads", "572963221d04691400779386": " nucleomorph that superficially resembles that of the chlorarachniophytes. Cryptophyte chloroplasts have four membranes", "572963221d04691400779387": " nucleomorph", "572963221d04691400779388": " granules found in the periplastid space", "572963221d04691400779389": " stacks", "572963876aef051400154dd2": " the helicosproidia", "572963876aef051400154dd3": " chromalveolates", "572963876aef051400154dd4": " the malaria parasite", "572963876aef051400154dd5": " an apicoplast, which they inherited from their ancestors", "572963876aef051400154dd6": " amylopectin starch granules", "5729645b3f37b31900478321": " fatty acids", "5729645b3f37b31900478322": " cure apicomplexan-related", "5729645b3f37b31900478323": " isopentenyl pyrophosphate synthesis", "5729645b3f37b31900478324": " photosynthetic function, and contain no photosynthetic pigments or true thylakoids", "5729645b3f37b31900478325": " four", "572965566aef051400154e00": " carotenoid pigment peridinin", "572965566aef051400154e01": " any other group of chloroplasts", "572965566aef051400154e02": " chloroplasts, along with chlorophyll a and chlorophyll c", "572965566aef051400154e03": " red algal endosymbiont's original cell membrane", "572965e73f37b3190047832b": " fucoxanthin dinophyte line", "572965e73f37b3190047832c": " fucoxanthin dinophyte", "572965e73f37b3190047832d": " four", "572965e73f37b3190047832e": " a six membraned chloroplast", "572966626aef051400154e13": " a cryptophyte", "572966626aef051400154e14": " nucleomorph and outermost two membranes", "572966626aef051400154e12": " phycobilin-containing chloroplast taken from a cryptophyte", "572966626aef051400154e15": " a two-membraned chloroplast", "572966ebaf94a219006aa391": "heterokontophyte", "572966ebaf94a219006aa392": " diatom (heterokontophyte", "572966ebaf94a219006aa393": " five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa394": " Diatoms", "572966ebaf94a219006aa395": " granules in the dinophyte host's cytoplasm", "572967e31d046914007793b1": " the dinophyte nucleus", "572967e31d046914007793b2": " Lepidodinium", "572967e31d046914007793b3": " peridinin chloroplast", "572967e31d046914007793b4": " green algal derived chloroplast", "572967e31d046914007793b5": "Lepidodinium viride and its close relatives are dinophytes", "5729686d1d046914007793c1": " that first set of endosymbiotic events", "5729686d1d046914007793c2": " an exception that acquired a photosynthetic cyanobacterial endosymbiont", "5729686d1d046914007793c3": " a million", "5729686d1d046914007793c4": " 850", "5729686d1d046914007793c5": " about a million", "572968cf1d046914007793cb": " ctDNA", "572968cf1d046914007793cc": " plastome", "572968cf1d046914007793cd": " 1962", "572968cf1d046914007793ce": " 1986", "572968cf1d046914007793cf": " Japanese research teams", "57296977af94a219006aa3bd": " inverted repeat regions", "57296977af94a219006aa3be": " direct repeats", "57296977af94a219006aa3bf": " stabilize the rest of the chloroplast genome", "572969f51d046914007793dd": " via electron microscopy", "572969f51d046914007793de": " two", "572969f51d046914007793e0": " double displacement loop", "572969f51d046914007793df": " double displacement loop", "572969f51d046914007793e1": " rolling circle mechanism", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c3": " A \u2192 G deamination", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c4": " single stranded", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c5": " linear and replicates through homologous recombination", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c6": " through homologous recombination", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c7": " circular chromosomes", "57296ab93f37b31900478369": " bacteriophage T4", "57296ab93f37b3190047836a": " linear cpDNA", "57296ab93f37b3190047836b": " linear", "57296ab93f37b3190047836c": " via a D loop mechanism", "57296b151d046914007793f1": "Endosymbiotic gene transfer", "57296b151d046914007793f2": " the lost chloroplast's existence", "57296b151d046914007793f3": " heterokontophyte", "57296b151d046914007793f4": " red algal", "57296bf96aef051400154e52": " nonfunctional", "57296bf96aef051400154e53": " around half", "57296bf96aef051400154e54": " participating in cell division, protein routing, and even disease resistance", "57296bf96aef051400154e55": " cell membrane", "57296c5c3f37b3190047837f": " a ribosome", "57296c5c3f37b31900478380": " on a ribosome in the cytosol", "57296c5c3f37b31900478381": " helps many proteins bind the polypeptide, keeping it from folding prematurely", "57296c5c3f37b31900478382": " it prevents chloroplast proteins from assuming their active form and carrying out their chloroplast functions in the wrong place", "57296cb21d04691400779403": " lens-shaped, 5\u20138 \u03bcm in diameter and 1\u20133 \u03bcm thick", "57296cb21d04691400779404": " 1\u20133 \u03bcm thick", "57296cb21d04691400779405": " 5\u20138 \u03bcm", "57296cb21d04691400779406": " 5\u20138 \u03bcm in diameter and 1\u20133 \u03bcm thick", "57296cb21d04691400779407": " 5\u20138 \u03bcm in diameter and 1\u20133 \u03bcm thick", "57296d1b1d0469140077940d": " a double membrane", "57296d1b1d0469140077940e": " the product of the host's cell membrane infolding to form a vesicle", "57296d1b1d0469140077940f": " homologous", "57296d8d1d0469140077941d": " the mitochondrial double membrane", "57296d8d1d0469140077941e": " run proton pumps and carry out oxidative phosphorylation across to generate ATP energy", "57296d8d1d0469140077941f": " generate ATP energy", "57296d8d1d04691400779420": " thylakoid system", "57296d8d1d04691400779421": " internal thylakoid system", "57296de03f37b3190047839b": " Stromules", "57296de03f37b3190047839c": " chloroplast membranes", "57296de03f37b3190047839d": " to increase the chloroplast's surface area", "57296de03f37b3190047839e": " 1962", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e5": " the chloroplasts of C4 plants", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e6": " C4 plants", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e7": " The chloroplast peripheral reticulum", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e8": " increase the chloroplast's surface area for cross-membrane transport between its stroma and the cell cytoplasm", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e9": " the thylakoids and intermembrane space", "57296eb01d04691400779435": " to synthesize a small fraction of their proteins", "57296eb01d04691400779436": " two-thirds", "57296eb01d04691400779437": " 17 nm", "57296eb01d04691400779438": " motifs for shine-dalgarno sequence", "57296eb01d04691400779439": " for translation initiation", "57296eee6aef051400154e8e": "singular plastoglobulus", "57296eee6aef051400154e8f": " spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins about 45\u201360 nanometers across", "57296eee6aef051400154e90": " lipids and proteins", "57296eee6aef051400154e91": " 45\u201360 nanometers across", "57296eee6aef051400154e92": " a lipid monolayer", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fb": " a thylakoid", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fc": " the thylakoid network", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fd": " singularly, attached directly to their parent thylakoid", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fe": " chains", "57296f85af94a219006aa403": " higher plants", "57296f85af94a219006aa404": " spherical", "57296f85af94a219006aa405": " spherical", "57296f85af94a219006aa406": " chloroplasts of some hornworts and algae", "57296f85af94a219006aa407": " divide to form new pyrenoids, or be produced \"de novo\".", "57296fd71d0469140077943f": " helical thylakoid", "57296fd71d04691400779440": " pancakes", "57296fd71d04691400779441": " two to a hundred", "57296fd71d04691400779442": " two to a hundred", "57296fd71d04691400779443": " helicoid stromal thylakoids", "5729703d3f37b319004783bb": " light energy", "5729703d3f37b319004783bc": " light energy", "5729703d3f37b319004783bd": " energize electrons", "5729703d3f37b319004783be": " pump hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space", "5729703d3f37b319004783bf": " dam turbine", "572970916aef051400154eba": " two", "572970916aef051400154ebb": " pancake-shaped circular disks about 300\u2013600 nanometers in diameter", "572970916aef051400154ebc": " contact with the stroma", "572970916aef051400154ebe": " circular disks about 300\u2013600 nanometers in diameter", "572970916aef051400154ebd": " 300\u2013600 nanometers", "57297103af94a219006aa423": " thirty", "57297103af94a219006aa424": " help transfer and dissipate excess energy", "57297103af94a219006aa425": " help transfer and dissipate excess energy", "57297103af94a219006aa426": " bright red-orange", "57297103af94a219006aa427": " orange-red zeaxanthin", "5729714daf94a219006aa42d": " a third group of pigments", "5729714daf94a219006aa42e": " red algae red", "5729714daf94a219006aa42f": " red algae", "5729714daf94a219006aa430": " a third group of pigments", "5729714daf94a219006aa431": " 40 nanometers across", "572971af6aef051400154ede": " rubisco", "572971af6aef051400154edf": "it has trouble distinguishing between carbon dioxide and oxygen", "572971af6aef051400154ee0": " ATP energy being wasted", "572971af6aef051400154ee1": " Calvin cycle", "572971af6aef051400154ee2": " CO2", "5729723c6aef051400154ee8": " photosynthesis", "5729723c6aef051400154ee9": " rubisco, and have normal grana and thylakoids", "5729723c6aef051400154eea": " light reactions", "5729723c6aef051400154eeb": " CO2", "5729723c6aef051400154eec": " photosynthesis", "5729729a1d0469140077948b": " green parts", "5729729a1d0469140077948c": " chloroplasts", "5729729a1d0469140077948d": " parenchyma cells", "5729729a1d0469140077948e": " collenchyma tissue", "5729729a1d0469140077948f": " parenchyma cells", "572972f46aef051400154ef2": " stems", "572972f46aef051400154ef3": " leaves", "572972f46aef051400154ef6": " 8\u201315", "572972f46aef051400154ef4": " half a million", "572972f46aef051400154ef5": " mesophyll layers", "5729735c3f37b319004783fb": " low-light conditions", "5729735c3f37b319004783fc": " along the plant cell's cell wall", "5729735c3f37b319004783fd": " photooxidative damage", "5729735c3f37b319004783fe": " instead of a few big ones", "5729735c3f37b319004783ff": " land plants evolved to have many small chloroplasts instead of a few big ones. Chloroplast movement", "572973ccaf94a219006aa449": " two", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44a": " infected cells seal themselves off and undergo programmed cell death", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44b": " release signals warning the rest of the plant of a pathogen's presence", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44c": " purposely damaging their photosynthetic system", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44d": " reactive oxygen species", "57297427af94a219006aa453": " salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species", "57297427af94a219006aa454": " After detecting stress in a cell", "57297427af94a219006aa455": " pass on their signal to an unknown second messenger molecule", "57297427af94a219006aa456": "signals from the chloroplast that regulate gene expression in the nucleus", "572974923f37b3190047840b": " photosynthesis", "572974923f37b3190047840c": "One of the main functions of the chloroplast is its role in photosynthesis", "572974923f37b3190047840d": " food in the form of sugars", "572974923f37b3190047840e": " energy carriers adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate", "572974923f37b3190047840f": " adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate", "572975073f37b31900478415": " use the potential energy stored in an H+, or hydrogen ion gradient to generate ATP energy", "572975073f37b31900478416": " thylakoid space", "572975073f37b31900478417": "up to a thousand times", "572975073f37b31900478418": " adenosine triphosphate", "572975073f37b31900478419": " ATP synthase", "572975511d046914007794a7": " NADP+,", "572975511d046914007794a8": " cyclic photophosphorylation", "572975511d046914007794a9": " C4 plants", "572975511d046914007794aa": " more ATP", "572975a3af94a219006aa465": " Calvin cycle", "572975a3af94a219006aa466": " unstable six-carbon molecules", "572975a3af94a219006aa467": " 3-phosphoglyceric acid", "572975a3af94a219006aa468": " one out of every six", "572976183f37b31900478431": " glucose monomers", "572976183f37b31900478432": " Under conditions such as high atmospheric CO2 concentrations", "572976183f37b31900478433": " distorting the grana and thylakoids", "572976183f37b31900478434": " high atmospheric CO2 concentrations", "572976183f37b31900478435": " photosynthesis-depressing factor", "572976791d046914007794af": " add O2 instead of CO2", "572976791d046914007794b0": " when the oxygen concentration is too high", "572976791d046914007794b1": " reduces the efficiency of photosynthesis", "572976791d046914007794b2": " half", "572976791d046914007794b3": " they exhibit a distinct chloroplast dimorphism", "572976cfaf94a219006aa493": " stroma", "572976cfaf94a219006aa494": " cysteine and methionine", "572976cfaf94a219006aa495": " trouble crossing membranes", "572976cfaf94a219006aa496": " whether the organelle carries out the last leg of the pathway", "57297725af94a219006aa49b": "Chloroplasts", "57297725af94a219006aa49c": " undifferentiated proplastids", "57297725af94a219006aa49d": " an adult plant's apical meristems", "57297725af94a219006aa49e": " starch-storing amyloplasts", "5729779b6aef051400154f62": " proplastids may develop into an etioplast stage", "5729779b6aef051400154f63": " a plastid", "5729779b6aef051400154f64": " yellow chlorophyll", "5729779b6aef051400154f65": " yellow chlorophyll", "5729779b6aef051400154f66": " Gymnosperms", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ad": " chromoplasts, which are pigment-filled plastids", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ae": " pigment-filled plastids", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4af": " chloroplasts", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b0": " chromoplasts", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b1": " chloroplasts", "5729784b1d046914007794c9": " filaments", "5729784b1d046914007794ca": " filaments", "5729784b1d046914007794cb": " a Z-ring within the chloroplast's stroma", "5729784b1d046914007794cc": " chloroplast's stroma", "5729784b1d046914007794cd": " chloroplast's stroma", "5729789b6aef051400154f6c": " plastid-dividing rings", "5729789b6aef051400154f6d": " two", "5729789b6aef051400154f6e": " 5 nanometers across", "5729789b6aef051400154f6f": " 5 nanometers across", "5729789b6aef051400154f70": " chloroplasts have a third plastid-dividing ring located in the chloroplast's intermembrane space", "572978e66aef051400154f76": " exposure to bright white light", "572978e66aef051400154f78": " bright white light", "572978e66aef051400154f79": " dumbbell-shaped chloroplasts", "572978e66aef051400154f77": " green", "57297991af94a219006aa4b7": " developers of genetically modified crops", "57297991af94a219006aa4b8": " environmental risks", "57297991af94a219006aa4b9": " 3 in 1,000,000", "57297991af94a219006aa4ba": " plastid transformation a valuable tool for the creation and cultivation of genetically modified plants", "57296d571d04691400779413": " no positive divisors", "57296d571d04691400779414": " prime number", "57296d571d04691400779415": " arithmetic", "57296d571d04691400779416": " primes", "57296d571d04691400779417": " because one can include arbitrarily many instances of 1 in any factorization", "57296f293f37b319004783a3": " primality", "57296f293f37b319004783a4": " trial division", "57296f293f37b319004783a5": " Miller\u2013Rabin primality test, which is fast but has a small probability of error, and the AKS primality test", "57296f293f37b319004783a6": " AKS primality test", "57296f293f37b319004783a7": " 22,338,618", "572970c11d04691400779463": " infinitely", "572970c11d04691400779464": " The first result in that direction is the prime number theorem", "572970c11d04691400779465": " statistical behaviour", "572970c11d04691400779466": " The first result in that direction is the prime number theorem", "572970c11d04691400779467": " 19th century", "5729727baf94a219006aa437": " Goldbach's conjecture", "5729727baf94a219006aa438": " Goldbach's conjecture (that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes), and the twin prime conjecture", "5729727baf94a219006aa439": " algebraic", "5729727baf94a219006aa43a": " public-key cryptography", "5729727baf94a219006aa43b": " prime elements and prime ideals", "572973f76aef051400154f0a": " 2", "572973f76aef051400154f0b": " 1, 2, and n", "572973f76aef051400154f0c": " odd prime", "572973f76aef051400154f0d": " 9", "572973f76aef051400154f0e": " even numbers", "57297547af94a219006aa45b": " 1", "57297547af94a219006aa45c": " Christian Goldbach", "57297547af94a219006aa45d": " Christian Goldbach", "57297547af94a219006aa45e": " 10,006,721", "57297547af94a219006aa45f": " a prime", "57297781af94a219006aa4a3": " Euclid's fundamental theorem", "57297781af94a219006aa4a4": " 1 were considered a prime", "57297781af94a219006aa4a6": " relationship of the number to its corresponding value of Euler's totient function or the sum of divisors function", "57297781af94a219006aa4a5": " relationship of the number to its corresponding value of Euler's totient function or the sum of divisors function", "57297781af94a219006aa4a7": " as output only the single number 1", "572978f91d046914007794d3": " the Egyptian fraction expansions in the Rhind papyrus", "572978f91d046914007794d4": " Ancient Greeks", "572978f91d046914007794d5": " Euclid's Elements", "572978f91d046914007794d6": " Euclid", "572978f91d046914007794d7": " a simple method to compute primes", "57297a276aef051400154f88": " 1640", "57297a276aef051400154f89": " Euler", "57297a276aef051400154f8a": " 22n", "57297a276aef051400154f8c": " 2p", "57297a276aef051400154f8b": " up to n = 4 (or 216 + 1).", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c7": " trial division", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c8": " if a complete list of primes up to is known", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c9": " 1", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4cb": " three", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4ca": " square root of n", "57297d421d046914007794e5": " two", "57297d421d046914007794e6": " probabilistic (or \"Monte Carlo\") and deterministic algorithms", "57297d421d046914007794e7": " probabilistic (or \"Monte Carlo\") and deterministic algorithms", "57297d421d046914007794e8": " deterministic", "57297d421d046914007794e9": " 1/(1-p)n, which decreases exponentially", "57297ed93f37b3190047845f": " Fermat primality test", "57297ed93f37b31900478460": " fact (Fermat's little theorem) that np\u2261n (mod p) for any n if p is a prime number", "57297ed93f37b31900478461": " composite numbers", "57297ed93f37b31900478462": " Baillie-PSW, Miller-Rabin, and Solovay-Strassen", "57297ed93f37b31900478463": " Baillie-PSW, Miller-Rabin, and Solovay-Strassen", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d1": " 2p + 1", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d2": " 2p \u2212 1", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d3": " Lucas\u2013Lehmer test", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d4": " Sophie Germain primes", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d5": " Sophie Germain primes", "572982e66aef051400154f92": " distributed computing. In 2009, the Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search", "572982e66aef051400154f93": " 2009", "572982e66aef051400154f94": " US$100,000", "572982e66aef051400154f95": " Electronic Frontier Foundation", "572982e76aef051400154f96": "256kn + 1, 256k(n + 1) \u2212 1]", "572985011d04691400779501": "are prime for any natural number n. Here represents the floor function", "572985011d04691400779502": " Chebyshev", "572985011d04691400779503": " 3", "572985011d04691400779504": " there always exists at least one prime number p with n < p < 2n", "572985011d04691400779505": " Wilson's theorem", "572987e46aef051400154fa2": "can have infinitely many primes only when a and q are coprime, i.e., their greatest common divisor", "572987e46aef051400154fa3": " their greatest common divisor is one. If this necessary condition is satisfied, Dirichlet's theorem", "572987e46aef051400154fa4": " 1/6", "572987e46aef051400154fa5": " one prime number", "572987e46aef051400154fa6": " one", "572989846aef051400154fc0": "The zeta function", "572989846aef051400154fc1": " finite value", "572989846aef051400154fc2": " richness of the zeta function", "572989846aef051400154fc3": " exceeds any given number", "572989846aef051400154fc4": " richness of the zeta function", "57298ef11d0469140077952d": " 1859", "57298ef11d0469140077952e": " s = \u22122, \u22124, ...", "57298ef11d0469140077952f": " random noise", "57298ef11d04691400779530": " irregularity in the distribution of primes only comes from random noise. From a mathematical viewpoint, it roughly states that the asymptotic", "57298ef11d04691400779531": " irregularity in the distribution of primes only comes from random noise. From a mathematical viewpoint, it roughly states that the asymptotic", "57299021af94a219006aa50c": " Goldbach's conjecture", "57299021af94a219006aa50b": " 1912", "57299021af94a219006aa50d": " all numbers up to n = 2", "57299021af94a219006aa50e": " Goldbach's conjecture", "57299021af94a219006aa50f": " Goldbach's conjecture", "572991943f37b319004784a1": " Legendre's conjecture", "572991943f37b319004784a2": " pairs of primes with difference 2", "572991943f37b319004784a3": " Polignac's conjecture", "572991943f37b319004784a4": " n2 + 1", "572991943f37b319004784a5": " Legendre's conjecture", "57299326af94a219006aa515": " number theory", "57299326af94a219006aa516": " G. H. Hardy", "57299326af94a219006aa517": " 1970s", "57299326af94a219006aa518": " hash tables and pseudorandom number generators", "57299326af94a219006aa519": " hash tables and pseudorandom number generators", "572995d46aef051400154fe8": " recurring decimal", "572995d46aef051400154fe9": " p \u2212 1 or a divisor of p \u2212 1", "572995d46aef051400154fea": "p \u2212 1", "572995d46aef051400154feb": "p \u2212 1", "572995d46aef051400154fec": " p is not a prime factor", "572996c73f37b319004784b3": " RSA and the Diffie\u2013Hellman key exchange", "572996c73f37b319004784b4": " RSA and the Diffie\u2013Hellman key exchange", "572996c73f37b319004784b5": " 512", "572996c73f37b319004784b6": " efficient algorithms for modular exponentiation", "572996c73f37b319004784b7": " 512", "572998673f37b319004784d5": " cicadas", "572998673f37b319004784d6": " grubs underground", "572998673f37b319004784d7": " 17", "572998673f37b319004784d8": " that the prime number intervals between emergences make it very difficult for predators to evolve", "572998673f37b319004784d9": " 2%", "57299a6f6aef051400155016": " minimality or indecomposability", "57299a6f6aef051400155017": " smallest subfield", "57299a6f6aef051400155019": " a connected sum of prime knots", "57299a6f6aef05140015501a": " that any object can be, essentially uniquely, decomposed into its prime components", "57299a6f6aef051400155018": " cannot be written as the knot sum of two nontrivial knots", "57299c2c6aef051400155020": "Prime numbers", "57299c2c6aef051400155021": "Prime numbers", "57299c2c6aef051400155022": "Prime numbers", "57299c2c6aef051400155023": " given x and y", "57299c2c6aef051400155024": " if it is not a unit and cannot be written as a product of two ring elements", "57299d1c1d04691400779581": "The fundamental theorem", "57299d1c1d04691400779582": " Gaussian integers", "57299d1c1d04691400779583": " a + bi", "57299d1c1d04691400779584": " arbitrary integers", "57299d1c1d04691400779585": " 4k", "57299ec43f37b3190047850d": " ring theory", "57299ec43f37b3190047850e": " ring theory", "57299ec43f37b3190047850f": " commutative", "57299ec43f37b31900478510": " arithmetic", "57299ec43f37b31900478511": " a Noetherian", "5729a03f1d04691400779593": "Prime ideals", "5729a03f1d04691400779594": " ramification", "5729a03f1d04691400779595": " the ring of integers", "5729a03f1d04691400779596": " a statement that concerns the solvability of quadratic equations", "5729a26d6aef05140015505a": " gets smaller", "5729a26d6aef05140015505b": " the completed (or local) fields", "5729a26d6aef05140015505c": " the absolute value", "5729a26d6aef05140015505d": " local-global principle", "5729a3716aef05140015506a": " Olivier Messiaen", "5729a3716aef05140015506b": " La Nativit\u00e9 du Seigneur", "5729a3716aef05140015506c": " ametrical music through \"natural phenomena", "5729a3716aef05140015506d": " third", "5729a3716aef05140015506e": " movements of nature", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55b": " Graub\u00fcnden", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55c": " North Sea", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55d": " Cologne", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55e": " Danube", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55f": " 1,230 km (760 mi),", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e37": " Swiss canton of Graub\u00fcnden in the southeastern Swiss Alps", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3a": " Netherlands", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3b": " 1,230 km (760 mi),", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56b": " Gaulish name R\u0113nos", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56c": " R\u0113nos", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56d": " Gaulish name as *R\u012bnaz", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56e": " Gaulish name R\u0113nos, which was adapted in Roman-era geography (1st century BC", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad7": " Gaulish name R\u0113nos", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad8": " Rhin", "572fe288a23a5019007fcada": " Rijn", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad9": " *R\u012bnaz", "572fe288a23a5019007fcadb": " Rhijn", "572f567cb2c2fd140056803f": " \"Rhine-kilometers\"", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568040": " 1939", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568041": " \"Rhine-kilometers\" (Rheinkilometer), a scale introduced in 1939 which runs from the Old Rhine Bridge", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568042": " Hoek van Holland", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568043": " canalisation projects", "572fe393947a6a140053cdba": " \"Rhine-kilometers", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbb": " 1939", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbc": " Hoek van Holland", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbe": " number of canalisation projects completed in the 19th and 20th century", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbd": " Hoek van Holland", "572f5703a23a5019007fc573": " north", "572f5703a23a5019007fc574": " 86 km long", "572f5703a23a5019007fc575": " the Rhine Valley", "572f5703a23a5019007fc576": " the Rhine Valley", "572f5703a23a5019007fc577": " West and Liechtenstein", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4b": " Chur", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4c": " 86 km long", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4d": " 599 m to 396 m", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4e": " Rhine Valley", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4f": " Switzerland to the West and Liechtenstein and later Austria to the East", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686d": " Lake Constance", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686e": " the Alter Rhein (\"Old Rhine\")", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686f": " a modern canal", "572f57c704bcaa1900d76870": "Isel", "572f57c704bcaa1900d76871": " bird", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e55": " Lake Constance", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e56": " a modern canal", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e57": " Alter Rhein (\"Old Rhine\")", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e58": " small islands", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e59": "Isel", "572f5875947a6a140053c89a": " near Diepoldsau", "572f5875947a6a140053c89b": " counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta", "572f5875947a6a140053c89c": " strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta", "572f5875947a6a140053c89d": " parallel to the canalized Rhine", "572f5875947a6a140053c89e": " silt up the lake", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e69": " Fu\u00dfach", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6b": " to counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6a": " near Diepoldsau", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6c": " Dornbirner", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6d": " continuous input of sediment", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57d": " three", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc580": "lower lake", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57e": " Seerhein", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc581": " the south following the Swiss-Austrian border", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57f": "upper lake", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858b": " three", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858c": " Austria", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858d": " Germany, Switzerland and Austria", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858e": " Germany, Switzerland and Austria near the Alps", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858f": " Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc587": " greater density of cold water", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58a": " Lake \u00dcberlingen", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc588": " Upper Lake", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58b": " A small fraction", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc589": " Lindau", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e95": " near the surface", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e96": " Rheinrinne", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e97": " Lake \u00dcberlingen", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e98": "Rhine Gutter", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e99": " the water level", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5af": " westward", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b0": " Aare", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b1": "35,000 cu ft/s),", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b2": " Finsteraarhorn", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b3": " Basel", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde0": " westward", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde1": " Aare", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde2": "35,000 cu ft/s),", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde3": " Finsteraarhorn", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde4": " German-Swiss border from Lake Constance with the exceptions of the canton of Schaffhausen", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ea": " Basel", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8eb": "Rhine knee", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ec": " Legally, the Central Bridge", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ed": " 300 km long", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ee": " 300 km long", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf2": " Basel", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf3": "Rhine knee", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf4": " North", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf5": " the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf6": " Central Bridge", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b7": " 19th Century", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b8": " increased and the ground water level fell significantly", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b9": " fell significantly", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680ba": " Grand Canal d'Alsace", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680bb": " all of the traffic. In some places, there are large compensation pools", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5b": " Upper Rhine", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5c": " 19th Century", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5d": " increased and the ground water level fell significantly", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5e": " fell significantly", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5f": " the Grand Canal d'Alsace", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cc": " the Main and, later, the Moselle", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cd": " 300 m3/s", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cb": " Rhine", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680ce": " Neckar, the Main and, later, the Moselle", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cf": " 400 m (1,300 ft).", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef5": " Germany", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef6": " Germany", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef7": " Neckar, the Main and, later, the Moselle", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef8": " Germany", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef9": " 2,290 m3/s", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5eb": " the Middle Rhine", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ec": " Middle Rhine", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ed": " by erosion", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ee": "the Romantic Rhine", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76eff": " the Middle Rhine", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f00": " the Rhine Gorge", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f02": " its many castles and vineyards", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f03": "the Romantic Rhine", "572f6c85947a6a140053c940": " industry", "572f6c85947a6a140053c942": " Duisburg", "572f6c85947a6a140053c943": " Ruhr", "572f6c85947a6a140053c944": " drinking water", "572f6c85947a6a140053c941": " Switzerland", "572ff293947a6a140053ce52": " a major source of water pollution", "572ff293947a6a140053ce53": " Lower Rhine", "572ff293947a6a140053ce54": " Switzerland", "572ff293947a6a140053ce55": " Duisburg", "572ff293947a6a140053ce56": " Ruhr", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc621": " tourism", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc622": " Koblenz", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc623": " Lorelei", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc624": " the Middle Rhine Valley", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce66": " tourism", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce67": " UNESCO World Heritage Site", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce68": " R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce69": " Lorelei", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce6a": " Lorelei", "572f7588947a6a140053c984": " Duisburg", "572f7588947a6a140053c985": " Wesel-Datteln Canal", "572f7588947a6a140053c986": " the Lippe", "572f7588947a6a140053c987": " Emmerich Rhine Bridge", "572f7588947a6a140053c988": " 400 m", "572ff430a23a5019007fcba9": " Lower Rhine", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbaa": " Rhine-Ruhr", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbab": "Duisport", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbac": " Emmerich Rhine Bridge", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbad": " 400 m", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568154": " Meuse", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568153": " Rijn", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568155": " Two thirds", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f24": " west", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f25": " Waal and then, via the Merwede and Nieuwe Merwede", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f26": " Meuse", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f27": " Beneden Merwede", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a2": " Pannerdens Kanaal", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a3": " Nederrijn", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a4": " Lek.", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a5": " Wijk bij Duurstede", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2d": " Pannerdens Kanaal", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2e": " Nederrijn", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2f": " one ninth", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f30": " Lek", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f31": " Wijk bij Duurstede", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568657": " Rhine", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568658": " draining the surrounding land and polders", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568659": " Kromme Rijn", "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865a": " Kromme Rijn", "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865b": " sluice", "572ff673b2c2fd1400568669": " Rhine-Meuse Delta", "572ff673b2c2fd140056866a": " near Millingen aan de Rijn", "572ff673b2c2fd140056866b": " Rhine-Meuse delta, or even Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt delta", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f51": " Nederrijn", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f52": " three", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f53": " Waal and continues as Boven Merwede", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f55": "Old Meuse", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f54": "the Rip\")", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568681": " St. Elizabeth's flood", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568682": "1421", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568683": " south of today's line Merwede-Oude Maas", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568685": " 1421 to 1904", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568684": " archipelago-like estuary", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbce": " drainage channels", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcf": " the delta's main arms, disconnected arms (Hollandse IJssel, Linge, Vecht, etc.) and smaller rivers", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcd": "dammed", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbd0": " second half of the 20th Century", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869b": " tidal", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869c": " tidal currents", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869d": " strong tidal currents could tear huge areas of land into the sea", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869e": " Zaltbommel", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbe9": " Tethys sea", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbeb": " Jurassic Period", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbec": " Mediterranean geography", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbea": " Triassic Period of the Mesozoic Era", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbed": " microplates", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b7": " N\u2013S", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b8": " the Upper Rhine Graben", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b9": " the Eocene", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686ba": " Danube", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef0": "Through stream capture", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef1": " Pliocene period", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef2": " Vosges Mountains", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc15": "ending 11,600 years ago) was the geological period of the Ice Ages", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc16": " six", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc17": " 120 m (390 ft)", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc18": " northwest", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc19": " offshore of Brest, France", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e5": " ~74,000 (BP = Before Present), until the end of the Pleistocene", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e6": " ~74,000 (BP = Before Present), until the end of the Pleistocene", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e7": " west", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e8": " 120 m (390 ft)", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e9": " sea level", "572fff45947a6a140053cf26": " a glacier", "572fff45947a6a140053cf27": " tundra", "572fff45947a6a140053cf28": " 22,000\u201314,000 yr BP", "572fff45947a6a140053cf29": " tundra", "572fff45947a6a140053cf2a": " loess or wind-blown dust over that tundra, settled in and around the Rhine Valley", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76fef": " 22,000 years ago", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff0": " thaw and fall-winter snow covers melted", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff1": " Rhine", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff2": " about 13,000 BP", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff3": " 9000 BP", "573003dd947a6a140053cf42": " 7500 yr ago", "573003dd947a6a140053cf43": " Rates of sea-level rise", "573003dd947a6a140053cf44": " 7000 years", "573003dd947a6a140053cf45": " natural sedimentation by the Rhine and coastal processes", "573003dd947a6a140053cf46": " about 1\u20133 cm (0.39\u20131.18 in) per century", "5730042804bcaa1900d77011": "11,700 years ago", "5730042804bcaa1900d77014": " (~8,000 years ago", "5730042804bcaa1900d77012": " Late-Glacial valley", "5730042804bcaa1900d77013": " Netherlands", "57300580b2c2fd140056874d": " ~3000 yr BP", "57300580b2c2fd140056874f": " flooding", "57300580b2c2fd140056874e": " sediment load of the Rhine has strongly increased and delta growth has sped up. This caused increased flooding", "57300580b2c2fd1400568751": " 11\u201313th century AD", "57300580b2c2fd1400568750": " 80", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702d": " the North Sea", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702e": " to the North Sea", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702f": " to the north", "5730069004bcaa1900d77030": " The river IJssel branch", "5730069004bcaa1900d77031": " three", "57300761947a6a140053cf9a": " 1st century BC", "57300761947a6a140053cf9b": " Germania", "57300761947a6a140053cf9c": " 6th century BC", "57300761947a6a140053cf9d": " Maurus Servius Honoratus", "573007fab2c2fd140056876b": " AD 14 until after AD 70", "573007fab2c2fd140056876c": " upper Danube", "573007fab2c2fd140056876d": " the empire fell", "573007fab2c2fd140056876f": " eastwards", "573007fab2c2fd140056876e": "From the death of Augustus in AD 14 until after AD 70, Rome", "57300888b2c2fd1400568775": " eight", "57300888b2c2fd1400568777": " army of Germania Inferior, two legions at Vetera (Xanten), I Germanica and XX Valeria (Pannonian troops", "57300888b2c2fd1400568778": " Ubiorum", "57300888b2c2fd1400568776": " whether a state or threat of war existed", "57300888b2c2fd1400568779": " Ubiorum (\"town of the Ubii", "57300911947a6a140053cfb6": " the Migration period", "57300911947a6a140053cfb7": " the kingdoms of Francia on the Lower Rhine, Burgundy on the Upper Rhine and Alemannia on the High Rhine", "57300911947a6a140053cfb8": "Germanic Heroic Age", "57300911947a6a140053cfb9": " Siegfried", "57300911947a6a140053cfba": " Hagen", "573009a004bcaa1900d7704f": " 6th century", "573009a004bcaa1900d77050": " 6th century", "573009a004bcaa1900d77051": " Lower Lorraine", "573009a004bcaa1900d77052": " Archduke Sigismund of Austria", "573009a004bcaa1900d77053": " 1469", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc97": " Peace of Westphalia", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc98": " Establishing \"natural borders", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc99": " Napoleon", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9a": " 1806", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9b": " 1840", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77063": " end of World War I", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77064": " 1935", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77065": " German army", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77066": " helping Adolf Hitler's rise to power", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77067": " 1936", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77087": " Arnhem", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77088": " Germany", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77089": " September 1944", "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708a": " Ludendorff Bridge", "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708b": " an invasion of Western Europe", "57300c67947a6a140053cff0": " 1,230 kilometres", "57300c67947a6a140053cff1": " German encyclopedia Knaurs", "57300c67947a6a140053cff3": " a typographical error", "57300c67947a6a140053cff2": " 1,230 kilometres", "57300c68947a6a140053cff4": " 2010", "572fac17947a6a140053cb54": " 1997, in which the Scottish electorate voted for devolution, the current Parliament was convened by the Scotland Act 1998", "572fac17947a6a140053cb55": " the Scotland Act 1998", "572fac17947a6a140053cb56": " the areas in which it can make laws", "572fac17947a6a140053cb57": " the Parliament of the United Kingdom", "572fac17947a6a140053cb58": " all areas that are not explicitly reserved to Westminster", "572facb0a23a5019007fc863": " lack of a Parliament of Scotland", "572facb0a23a5019007fc864": " three", "572facb0a23a5019007fc865": " outbreak of the First World War", "572facb0a23a5019007fc866": " late 1960s", "572facb0a23a5019007fc867": " a directly elected Scottish Assembly", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86d": " North Sea", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86e": "It's Scotland", "572fad30a23a5019007fc870": " 1974", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86f": " not benefitting Scotland", "572fad30a23a5019007fc871": " 1978", "572fadcbb2c2fd1400568329": " Edinburgh", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832a": " 40%", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832c": " 51.6%", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832b": " referendum", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832d": " 32.9%", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76bdf": " Scottish Parliament", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be0": " the Conservative Party", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be1": " 1989", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be2": " Publishing its blueprint for devolution", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568333": " a new Scottish Parliament Building, in the Holyrood area of Edinburgh", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568334": " Enric Miralles", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568335": " Spanish", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568336": " leaf-shaped", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568337": " Queen Elizabeth II", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568349": " the meeting of the Church's General Assembly", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568347": " Edinburgh", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568348": " the courtyard adjoining the Assembly Hall", "572faf74b2c2fd140056834b": " University of Aberdeen", "572faf74b2c2fd140056834a": " the former Strathclyde Regional Council debating chamber in Glasgow", "572fb059947a6a140053cb80": " City of Edinburgh Council", "572fb059947a6a140053cb81": " Lothian Regional Council", "572fb059947a6a140053cb82": " demolished", "572fb059947a6a140053cb83": " Parliament Square, High Street and George IV Bridge", "572fb059947a6a140053cb84": " Midlothian County Buildings facing Parliament Square", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c15": " MSP", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c16": " Tricia Marwick", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c17": " a secret ballot", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c18": " 129", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c19": " A vote clerk", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f7": " Presiding Officer", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f8": " Convening the Parliamentary Bureau", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f9": " five", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8fa": " The Presiding Officer", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5b": " hemicycle", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5c": " to encourage consensus amongst elected members", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5d": " 131", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5e": " 129", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5f": " vote", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc938": " Scottish rivers", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc937": " silver and inlaid with gold panned from Scottish rivers", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93a": " the Queen", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc939": " Wisdom, Compassion, Justice and Integrity", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93b": " a glass case", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c73": " April and October", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c74": " on Wednesday", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c75": " the public", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c76": " free", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c77": " Official Report", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95d": " Wednesdays", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95e": " four minutes", "572fc043a23a5019007fc960": " Presiding Officer on the advice of the parliamentary bureau", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95f": " religious beliefs", "572fc043a23a5019007fc961": " nominate speakers", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc80": " Presiding Officer", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc81": " who speaks in chamber debates and the amount of time for which they are allowed to speak", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc82": " political parties", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc83": " ministers or party leaders", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc84": " Gaelic", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccb": " 5 pm", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccc": "Decision Time\"", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccd": " vote", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76cce": " electronic consoles on their desks", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccf": " seconds", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8a": "The outcome of most votes", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8b": "The outcome of most votes can be predicted beforehand since political parties", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8c": " MSPs", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8e": " moral issues", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8d": " deselected as official party candidates during future elections, and, in serious cases, may be expelled from their parties outright", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568447": " 45 minutes", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568449": " on issues which may be of interest to a particular area", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568448": " 45 minutes", "572fc659b2c2fd140056844a": " other members", "572fc659b2c2fd140056844b": " contribute to the debate. The relevant minister, whose department the debate and motion relate to \"winds up\" the debate", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf5": " committee", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf6": " stronger", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf7": " the fact that there is no revising chamber", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf8": " stronger in the Scottish Parliament than in other parliamentary systems, partly as a means of strengthening the role of backbenchers", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf9": " other locations throughout Scotland", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d07": " MSPs", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d08": " the balance of parties across Parliament", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d09": " their functions", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0a": " Mandatory Committees", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0b": " fourth Session", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d11": " at the beginning of each parliamentary session", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d12": " one", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d13": " The current Subject Committees", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d14": " Economy, Energy and Tourism", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d1f": "A further type of committee", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d20": " large-scale development projects", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d21": " Private bills normally relate to large-scale development projects such as infrastructure projects that require the use of land or property. Private Bill Committees", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d22": " Private Bill Committees", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568473": "The Scotland Act 1998", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568474": " Queen Elizabeth II", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568475": " the devolved competencies", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568476": " Scotland Act 2012 extends the devolved competencies. For the purposes of parliamentary sovereignty, the Parliament of the United Kingdom at Westminster", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568477": " the Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f1": " Schedule 5", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f2": " the Scottish Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f3": " this includes agriculture, fisheries and forestry", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f4": " 3 pence in the pound", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f5": " 2012 Act", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847d": "Reserved matters", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847e": " UK Government ministers", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847f": " Scotland Parliament", "572fcc43b2c2fd1400568480": " Westminster (and where Ministerial functions usually lie with UK Government ministers", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccda": "Bills", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdb": " Scottish Government", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdc": " a private member", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdd": " an outside proposer", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccde": " a number of stages", "572fce12a23a5019007fca11": " the first, or introductory stage of the bill, where the minister or member in charge of the bill will formally introduce it to Parliament", "572fce13a23a5019007fca12": " Explanatory Notes, a Policy Memorandum setting out the policy underlying the bill, and a Financial Memorandum", "572fce13a23a5019007fca13": " whether the bill is within the legislative competence of the Parliament", "572fce13a23a5019007fca14": " the relevant committee or committees", "572fce13a23a5019007fca15": " Stage 2", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd02": "Stage 3", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd03": " two", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd04": " the bill", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd05": "wrecking amendments", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd06": " Decision Time", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684a9": " the Monarch", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684aa": " for royal assent", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ab": " 4-week period", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ac": " Supreme Court of the United Kingdom", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ad": " phrase", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca55": "The party, or parties, that hold the majority of seats in the Parliament forms the Scottish Government", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca57": " Any member", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca56": " First Minister", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca58": " the elected MSPs", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca59": " the Sovereign.", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76d9f": " Thursday in May", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da0": " May", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da1": " the Monarch on the proposal of the Presiding Officer", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da3": " supplant it", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da2": " 28", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd32": "Several procedures", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd33": " Parliament", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd34": " a statement to the chamber setting out the Government's legislative programme", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd35": " the substance of the statement", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3a": "Parliamentary time", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3b": " Thursday", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3c": " any member of the Scottish Government", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3d": " issues under their jurisdiction", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3e": " four", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684f9": " 129", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fb": " 2005", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fa": " one", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fd": " due to their dispersed population and distance from the Scottish Parliament", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fc": " 55,000", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850b": " proportionally", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850c": " d'Hondt method", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850d": " quotient", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850e": " its constituency seats", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850f": " iteratively", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851d": " qualifications", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851e": " 1981", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851f": " over the age of 18", "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568520": " police and the armed forces", "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568521": " Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dd9": " a party has commanded a parliamentary majority", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dda": " Labour", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddb": " 151 votes", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddc": " 16", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddd": " Scottish independence", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca93": " David McLetchie, to the SNP", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca94": " Edinburgh Pentlands", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca95": " five seats", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca96": " Annabel Goldie", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca97": " Cameron", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9d": " able to vote on domestic legislation", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9e": " domestic legislation", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9f": " West Lothian question", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa0": " Conservative", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa1": " England", "572ff626947a6a140053ce8e": " Political Islam", "572ff626947a6a140053ce8f": " all spheres of life.\" Islamism favors the reordering of government and society", "572ff626947a6a140053ce90": " reordering of government and society in accordance with the Shari'a", "572ff626947a6a140053ce91": " two poles", "572ff626947a6a140053ce92": " revolution or invasion", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568677": " democratic process", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568678": " Palestine", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568679": " to abolish the state of Israel", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867a": " democracy", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867b": " a religious basis", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f65": "guardians of the tradition", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f66": "Sunni pan-Islamism", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f67": " \"sharia", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f68": " democracy", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f69": " to maintain their legitimacy", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd5": " political", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd6": " Islam", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd7": " the contrary idea that Islam is, or can be, apolitical is an error. Scholars and observers", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd8": " illiberal Islamic regimes", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd9": " religion from politics", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76f9f": "political Islam", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa0": " Americans", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa1": " a historical fluke", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa2": " between 1945 and 1970", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa3": " Iranian Islamic Revolution", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee7": " dangerous enemies", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee6": " 1970s", "572ffbaa947a6a140053ceea": "experience, ideology, and weapons", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee9": " mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee8": " leftist/communist/nationalist insurgents", "572ffbaab2c2fd14005686cd": "experience, ideology, and weapons", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef6": " Anwar Sadat", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef7": " Soviet Union", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef8": " political support", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef9": " 1975", "572ffc99947a6a140053cefa": "gentlemen's agreement", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc7": " strict, conservative Saudi-based Wahhabism", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc8": "hate them for their religion ... for Allah's sake,\"", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc9": " all the horrible wars", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fca": " infidels", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fcb": " strict, conservative Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686ef": "Islamist", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f2": " incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f0": " shelters", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f3": " rhetoric", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f1": " to avoid prohibitively costly dowry demands", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf14": " law and philosophy", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf15": " All India Muslim League", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf17": " the mainstream Indian nationalist and secularist Indian National Congress", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf16": " 1908", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf18": " The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686f9": " not only would secularism and secular nationalism", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fa": " crowd out Muslim heritage, culture and political influence", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fb": " nationalist differences", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fc": " 1930", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fd": " Pakistan movement", "5730005db2c2fd1400568703": "Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi", "5730005db2c2fd1400568704": " journalism", "5730005db2c2fd1400568705": " 1941", "5730005db2c2fd1400568706": " his writing", "5730005db2c2fd1400568707": " modern context", "57300137b2c2fd1400568717": "Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi", "57300137b2c2fd1400568718": " journalism", "57300137b2c2fd140056871a": " his writing", "57300137b2c2fd140056871b": " modern context", "57300200b2c2fd1400568729": " Sharia", "57300200b2c2fd140056872a": " an Islamic state", "57300200b2c2fd140056872b": "unity of God", "57300200b2c2fd140056872c": " gradual changing the hearts and minds of individuals from the top of society downward through an educational process or da'wah", "57300200b2c2fd140056872d": "revolution", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77001": " 1928", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77002": " Ismailiyah, Egypt", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77003": " Hassan al Banna", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77004": "the Qur'an", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77005": " imperialist", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4c": " violence", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4d": " 1949", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4e": " Mahmud Fami Naqrashi", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4f": " 1948", "5730040f947a6a140053cf50": " Gamal Abdul Nasser", "573004bf947a6a140053cf56": " one of the most influential", "573004bf947a6a140053cf59": " 75%", "573004bf947a6a140053cf57": "semi-legal", "573004bf947a6a140053cf58": " field candidates", "573004bf947a6a140053cf5a": " Mohamed Morsi", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6a": "The quick and decisive defeat", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6b": " a pivotal event", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6c": " economic stagnation", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6d": " decline", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6e": " Ba'athism", "5730088e947a6a140053cfad": " ideological", "5730088e947a6a140053cfac": " Ali Shariati", "5730088e947a6a140053cfae": " somewhere between beliefs of Sunni Islamic thinkers", "5730088e947a6a140053cfaf": " the Prophet Mohammad", "5730088e947a6a140053cfb0": " conspiracy against Islam", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b7": "The Islamic Republic", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b9": " Shia terrorist groups", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b8": " economic sanctions", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770ba": " 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770bb": " President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad", "57300ec0947a6a140053d004": " Soviet Union", "57300ec0947a6a140053d005": " Islamic rebellion against an allied Marxist regime", "57300ec0947a6a140053d006": " send aid and sometimes to go themselves to fight for their faith", "57300ec0947a6a140053d007": " marginal", "57300ec0947a6a140053d008": " thousands", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d1": " put an end to Saddam Hussein's occupation of Kuwait", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d2": " Saddam Hussein", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d3": " Islamist", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d4": " Saudi", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d5": " the west", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d7": " conservative Muslims", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d9": " those domestic Islamists", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d8": " the kingdom", "573010fab2c2fd14005687da": " Algeria", "573010fab2c2fd14005687db": " Osama bin Laden", "573011de04bcaa1900d770f9": " Qutb", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fa": " 1966", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fb": " Brotherhood", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fc": " the Brotherhood, led by Hasan al-Hudaybi, remained moderate and interested in political negotiation and activism. Fringe or splinter movements", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fd": " 1970s", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd09": " Egyptian Islamic Jihad organization", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0a": " 1981", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0b": " Anwar Sadat", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0c": "apostate\" leaders of Muslim states", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0d": " Muhammad Abd al-Salaam Farag", "5730131c947a6a140053d052": " violence", "5730131c947a6a140053d053": " al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya", "5730131c947a6a140053d055": " 2003", "5730131c947a6a140053d054": " unsuccessful", "5730131c947a6a140053d056": " political figures", "5730208fa23a5019007fcded": "quiescent", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdee": " HAMAS", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdef": " destruction of Israel and the establishment of an Islamic state in Palestine", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf1": " alcohol", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf0": " Palestine", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f7": "Hamas", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f8": " 542", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f9": " the majority of the seats", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fa": " January 2006 legislative election\u2014its first foray into the political process\u2014it won the majority of the seats, and in 2007", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fb": " driving Israel out of the Gaza Strip", "57302700a23a5019007fce89": " Islamist", "57302700a23a5019007fce8a": " Hassan al-Turabi", "57302700a23a5019007fce8b": " National Islamic Front", "57302700a23a5019007fce8c": " money from foreign Islamist banking systems", "57302700a23a5019007fce8d": " university and military academy", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9d": " 1985", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9e": " with the help of the military", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9f": " sharia law", "573027d6a23a5019007fcea0": " Osama bin Laden", "573027d6a23a5019007fcea1": " American attack on Iraq", "5730285a04bcaa1900d77270": " alleviate the high rate of unemployment", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726f": " 1989", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726e": " Algeria", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726d": " Front Islamique", "5730285a04bcaa1900d77271": " military coup d'\u00e9tat", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77287": " justice and prosperity", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77288": " vicious and destructive", "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728a": " 1992", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77289": " Afghanistan one of the poorest countries on earth", "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728b": " 80%", "57302a3aa23a5019007fcecf": "The Taliban", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced0": " Pakistan", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced1": " Islamic fundamentalist or neofundamentalist", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced2": "an idealized and systematized version of conservative tribal village customs", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced3": " Wahhabism", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772af": " July 1977", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b0": " alcohol and nightclubs", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b1": " Islamism", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b2": " his means of seizing power", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b3": " 1988", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689db": " Wahhabi/Salafi jihadist extremist", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dc": " Sunni Arabs from Iraq and Syria", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689de": " ten million", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689df": " international recognition", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dd": " a caliphate", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d7": " 2004", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d8": " March 2003", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772da": " human rights abuses", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d9": " March 2011", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772db": " responsible for human rights abuses", "57302e45947a6a140053d22e": " Caliphate", "57302e45947a6a140053d22f": " 7th century", "57302e45947a6a140053d230": " 1924", "57302e45947a6a140053d231": " the true Islamic system", "57302e45947a6a140053d232": " working through Turkish modernist Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f5": " armed jihad", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f6": " through \"ideological struggle", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f7": " elites", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f8": " Egypt", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f9": " terrorist groups and many jihadi terrorists", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77311": " over 900,000", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77312": " Islamist", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77313": " 2007", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77314": " Londonistan", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77315": " incitement to terrorism", "57303048947a6a140053d254": " since 2001", "57303048947a6a140053d255": " State Department", "57303048947a6a140053d256": " State Department", "57303048947a6a140053d257": " Defense Secretary", "57303048947a6a140053d258": " undermining the communist ideology", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c6": " Latin", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c7": " extending a country's power and influence through colonization", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c9": " Asia", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4ca": " technologies and ideas", "573062662461fd1900a9cdf7": " influence", "573062662461fd1900a9cdf8": "Formal imperialism\" is defined as \"physical control or full-fledged colonial rule\". \"Informal imperialism", "573062662461fd1900a9cdfa": "othering", "573062662461fd1900a9cdfb": " direct", "57306797396df919000960ee": " Informal rule", "57306797396df919000960ef": " Informal", "57306797396df919000960f0": " aggressiveness", "57306797396df919000960f2": " technological superiority", "57306797396df919000960f1": " Informal rule", "573081c2069b531400832133": " expanded", "573081c2069b531400832134": " Geo-politics", "573081c2069b531400832135": " Lenin", "573081c2069b531400832136": " Geopolitics", "573081c2069b531400832137": " Geopolitics", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6d": "colonialism", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6e": " political focus", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6f": " ideological as well as financial reasons, colonialism is simply the development for settlement or commercial intentions", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce70": " Ottoman", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce71": " a person or group of people", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54c": "Imperialism", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54d": " a conquest", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54e": " conquering the other state's lands", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c550": " the exploitation of the valuable assets and supplies of the nation that was conquered", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54f": " gaining the benefits from the spoils", "5730876a396df9190009617a": " defense and justification of empire-building", "5730876a396df9190009617c": " imperialism", "5730876a396df9190009617b": " highest 'social efficiency'\".", "5730876a396df9190009617d": " races", "5730876a396df9190009617e": "whiteness", "573088da069b53140083216b": " Germany", "573088da069b53140083216c": " Britain", "573088da069b53140083216d": "Political geographers", "573088da069b53140083216e": " expansion was necessary for a state\u2019s survival", "573088da069b53140083216f": " come back with tales of their discoveries", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c576": " environmental determinism", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c577": " temperate", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c578": " Orientalism", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c579": " uncivilized people", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c57a": " the superior and the norm", "57308ddc396df919000961a5": " Terra nullius", "57308ddc396df919000961a7": " eighteenth century", "57308ddc396df919000961a4": " British Empire", "57308ddc396df919000961a6": " terra nullius, and its settlers considered it unused by its sparse Aboriginal", "57308ddc396df919000961a8": "empty land", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c580": " imaginative geography", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c581": " irrational and backward", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c582": " irrational and backward in opposition to the rational and progressive West. Defining the East as a negative vision of itself", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c583": " Orientalism", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c584": " irrational and backward", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58a": " the role of nineteenth-century maps", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58b": "information to fill in blank spaces on contemporary maps", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58c": " denote unknown or unexplored territory", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58d": " the role of nineteenth-century maps", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58e": " imperial and colonial powers", "573092088ab72b1400f9c595": " pre-Columbian era", "573092088ab72b1400f9c594": " Genghis Khan", "573092088ab72b1400f9c597": " dozens", "573092088ab72b1400f9c598": " Oyo Empire", "573092088ab72b1400f9c596": " Sub-Saharan Africa", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5ae": "Cultural imperialism", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5af": " Roman imperialism", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b0": " Dallas", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b1": " Roman imperialism", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b2": " bans on foreign popular culture", "57309446396df919000961b8": " 1700", "57309446396df919000961b9": " colonizing, influencing, and annexing other parts of the world", "57309446396df919000961ba": " thousands", "57309446396df919000961bb": " 1700", "57309446396df919000961bc": " Age of Imperialism", "57309564069b5314008321a5": "1919\u20131980", "57309564069b5314008321a6": "1920\u20131999", "57309564069b5314008321a7": " historians", "57309564069b5314008321a8": " the world's economy", "57309564069b5314008321a9": " the many imperial powers", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d2": " economic growth", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d4": " mid-18th century", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d3": " economic growth by collecting resources from colonies", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d5": " the political weakness of the Mughal state", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dc": " communication", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dd": " deadly explosives", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5de": " machine gun", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5df": " arrows", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5e0": " Europe", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e6": " British", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e7": " late 1870s", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e8": " a policy of idealism and philanthropy", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e9": " need for capitalist economies to constantly expand investment, material resources and manpower", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c600": " aristocracy, and imperialism", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c602": " 1950s", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c601": "1872\u20131967", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c603": " domestic social reforms could cure the international disease", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c604": " by removing its economic foundation", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60a": " environmental determinism", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60b": " the environment in which they lived", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60c": "less civilized", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60d": " Africa", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60e": " orientalism and tropicality", "5730a314069b5314008321eb": " geographic scholars", "5730a314069b5314008321ec": " Northern Europe and the Mid-Atlantic", "5730a314069b5314008321ed": " guidance and intervention", "5730a314069b5314008321ee": " orientalism", "5730a314069b5314008321ef": " colonizing empires", "5730a40f396df91900096234": " sixteenth century", "5730a40f396df91900096235": " 1599", "5730a40f396df91900096236": " Queen Elizabeth", "5730a40f396df91900096237": " political activity caused exploitation of the East India Company causing the plundering of the local economy, almost bringing the company into bankruptcy", "5730a40f396df91900096238": " Portuguese", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf29": " 1830", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2a": " 1850", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2d": " Catholicism", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2b": " North and West Africa", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2c": " 1850", "5730a951069b531400832213": " civilize", "5730a951069b531400832214": " Christianity and French culture", "5730a951069b531400832215": " France", "5730a951069b531400832216": " Christianity and French culture", "5730a951069b531400832217": " its colonies", "5730aa52069b53140083221d": " overseas colonies", "5730aa52069b53140083221e": " anti-colonial movements", "5730aa52069b53140083221f": " Vietnam", "5730aa52069b531400832220": " Vietnam in the 1950s. Whereas they won the war in Algeria", "5730aa52069b531400832221": " 1960", "5730ab63396df91900096260": " Scandinavia and northern Europe", "5730ab63396df91900096263": "west of and including Italy) was complete, excluding only Muslim Iberia", "5730ab63396df91900096261": " 800 CE", "5730ab63396df91900096262": " 800 CE", "5730ab63396df91900096264": " central Europe", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf73": " late 19th century", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf74": "1862\u201390", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf75": " after the Franco-German War", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf77": " Napoleon", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf76": " Europe", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c682": " South Pacific", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c683": " German prestige", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c685": " 1883\u201384", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c684": " New Guinea", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c686": " Hamburg merchants and traders", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa4": " Japan took part of Sakhalin Island", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa3": " 1894", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa6": " Thailand", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa5": " Manchuria", "5730b255396df919000962b0": " Soviet Union and the People\u2019s Republic of China", "5730b255396df919000962b1": " 1932", "5730b255396df919000962b2": " Lenin", "5730b255396df919000962b3": " Eastern Europe", "5730b255396df919000962b4": "Bolshevik leaders", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc5": " world revolution", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc6": " Lenin", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc9": " Mao Zedong", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc8": " Nikita Khrushchev", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc7": "socialism", "5730b541396df919000962c2": " mercantilism", "5730b541396df919000962c3": " 1776", "5730b541396df919000962c5": " free trade", "5730b541396df919000962c4": " 1820", "5730b541396df919000962c6": " 1815", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfcf": " British", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd0": " pseudo-sciences", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd2": " Social Darwinism", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd1": " Middle East", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c3": " the Monroe Doctrine", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c4": " Monroe Doctrine", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c6": " imperialism", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c5": " Philippines", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c7": "racket", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c704": " Isiah Bowman", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c705": " 1917", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c706": " President Wilson", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c707": " build a premise that would allow for U.S authorship of a 'new world'", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c708": " Wilson's geographer", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d011": " internal strife", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d012": " imperial", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d013": " 12 to 15 million", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d015": " Orient", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73c": " 1299 to 1923", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73d": " Suleiman the Magnificent", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73e": " 32", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73f": " Horn of Africa", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c740": " 1299 to 1923", "5730bd00069b5314008322d7": " Istanbul", "5730bd00069b5314008322d9": " Germany", "5730bd00069b5314008322db": " World War I", "5730bd00069b5314008322da": " Turkey", "5730982f396df919000961e2": " United Methodist Church", "5730982f396df919000961e3": " a mainline Protestant Methodist denomination", "5730982f396df919000961e4": " 1968", "5730982f396df919000961e5": " John and Charles Wesley", "5730982f396df919000961e6": " Wesleyan", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee5": " United Methodist Church", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee6": " 80 million", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee7": " mainline Protestant denomination", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee8": " 3.6%", "57309921396df919000961f6": " mid-18th century", "57309921396df919000961f7": " the mid-18th century within the Church of England", "57309921396df919000961f8": " methodical and exceptionally detailed in their Bible study", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef7": " 1735", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef8": " Georgia", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef9": " the American Indians", "573099f42461fd1900a9cefa": " salvation by God's grace", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9ceff": " the American Revolution", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf00": " 1784", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf01": " Thomas Coke", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf02": " Lovely Lane Methodist Church", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf03": " Methodist Episcopal Church", "57309adb396df919000961fc": "St. George's United Methodist Church", "57309adb396df919000961fd": "St. George's United Methodist Church", "57309adb396df919000961fe": " 1767", "57309adb396df919000961ff": " Dock Street", "57309adb396df91900096200": " 1767", "57309cd6069b5314008321c3": "Richard Allen and Absalom Jones", "57309cd6069b5314008321c4": " St. George's Church", "57309cd6069b5314008321c5": " 1784", "57309d31396df91900096210": " 1830", "57309d31396df91900096211": " over the issue of laity having a voice and vote", "57309d31396df91900096212": " 1844", "57309d31396df91900096213": " because of tensions over slavery and the power of bishops", "5730a97a396df9190009625a": " April 23, 1968", "5730a97a396df9190009625b": " General Conference in Dallas, Texas", "5730a97a396df9190009625c": " Bishop Reuben H. Mueller", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6d": " the holy catholic", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6e": " the Nicene Creed; which are used frequently in services of worship. The Book of Discipline", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6f": " meaning that all who are truly believers in every age", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64e": " the American Revolution", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c650": " John Wesley", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64f": " Thomas Vasey and Richard Whatcoat", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c655": " 1968", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c654": " John Wesley and Charles Wesley", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c656": " Albert C. Outler", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c657": " Albert C. Outler", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c670": "Prevenient grace, or the grace that \"goes before\" us, is given to all people", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c672": "Prevenient grace", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c671": " given to all people. It is that power which enables us to love and motivates us to seek a relationship with God", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c673": " sin", "5730aeba069b531400832241": " Accepting Grace", "5730aeba069b531400832242": " justifying grace", "5730aeba069b531400832243": " conversion", "5730aeba069b531400832244": " conversion", "5730aeba069b531400832245": " New Birth", "5730afed069b53140083225f": " grace of God which sustains the believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection", "5730afed069b531400832260": "Sanctifying Grace", "5730afed069b531400832261": " a genuine love of God", "5730afed069b531400832262": "Sanctifying Grace", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c696": " Anglo-Catholic and Reformed theology", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c697": " The United Methodist Church believes in prima scriptura", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c698": " UMC", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c699": " Anglo-Catholic and Reformed", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69f": " 2008", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69e": " pro-choice", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c6a0": " Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6ae": " Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6af": " all women", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6b0": " mother", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfad": " United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfae": " 2012", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfaf": " Rev. Paul T. Stallsworth", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb3": " temperance movement", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb6": " 2011 and 2012", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb4": "The Use of Money", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb5": " unfermented grape juice", "5730b54c069b53140083228d": " capital punishment", "5730b54c069b53140083228e": " John 8:7", "5730b54c069b53140083228f": " Matthew 5:38-39", "5730b54c069b531400832290": " General Conference of the United Methodist Church", "5730b5cc396df919000962d2": " same-sex", "5730b5cc396df919000962d3": " 1999", "5730b5cc396df919000962d4": " 2016", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd7": " Connectional Table", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd8": " LGBT community", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd9": " same-gender marriages", "5730b776069b5314008322bd": " 1987", "5730b776069b5314008322be": " 2005", "5730b776069b5314008322bf": " Baltimore-Washington Conference of the UMC", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cff9": " conscription", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffa": " military action", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffb": " all war", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70e": " Christ's message and teachings", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70f": " national foreign policy", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c710": " general and complete disarmament", "5730bdfe396df9190009630e": " The Sexual Ethics Task Force of The United Methodist Church", "5730bdfe396df9190009630f": " violence, degradation, exploitation, and coercion", "5730bdfe396df91900096310": " girls and women", "5730bf03069b5314008322eb": " IVF", "5730bf03069b5314008322ed": " stem cells", "5730bf03069b5314008322ec": " research", "5730c059069b531400832305": " the Sunday Service of the Methodists", "5730c059069b531400832306": " the Church of England.\"", "5730c059069b531400832307": " The Book of Common Prayer", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc46": " Africa", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc47": " Book of Common Prayer", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc48": " anointing with oil", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4c": "St. James UMC", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4d": " William Booth", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4e": " John Wesley", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc52": " United Methodist Church", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc54": " United Methodist Church", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc55": " The Book of Discipline", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc53": " General Conference", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc56": " every four years", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa7": " five", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa8": " seven", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa9": " to elect and appoint bishops", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aaa": " The main purpose of the jurisdictions and central conferences is to elect and appoint bishops", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aab": " Bishops", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449c": " the Mission Council", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449d": " church bishops", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449e": " 36", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449f": " for the George W. Bush Presidential Library", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e244a0": " Southern Methodist University", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac2": " nine", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac1": "The Judicial Council", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac3": " eight-year", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac4": " twice", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac5": " at various locations throughout the world", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154a": " Annual Conference", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154b": " the geographical area it covers", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154c": " Annual Conference", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c2": " Book of Discipline", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c3": " three members and no more than nine", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c4": " three", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c5": " The church conference", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c6": " The church conference", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc66": " one hundred", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc67": " three", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc68": " International Association of Methodist-related Schools, Colleges, and Universities", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc94": " John Wesley", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc95": " pastors", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc96": " their Annual Conference Order of Elders", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc97": " Annual Conference Order of Elders", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af5": "All clergy appointments", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af6": " fixed annually", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af7": " the bishop has read the appointments at the session of the Annual Conference", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155a": "Elders", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155b": " a bishop", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155c": " 2\u20133 years", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155d": " District Superintendents", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b03": " 2\u20133", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b04": " Deacons", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b05": " Deacons", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b06": " sacramental authority", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d6": " 1996", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d7": " provisional elder", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d8": " ordination order", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01562": "Licensed Local Pastor", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01563": " elders are not available to be appointed to a local church, either through shortage of personnel or financial hardship of a pastoral charge, the bishop", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01564": " five", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01565": " bi-vocational, living out their ministerial call in the local church and in their field of employment. Full-time and part-time", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dc": "The United Methodist Church", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dd": " through confirmation and sometimes the profession of faith", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244de": " confirmation and sometimes the profession of faith", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fc": " Baptism", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fd": " order to profess their ultimate faith in Christ", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fe": " The Book of Discipline", "5730de74f6cb411900e244ff": " Church and the Methodist-Christian theological tradition", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b61": " lay servants", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b62": " they must be recommended by their pastor and Church Council or Charge Conference", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b63": " annually", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b64": " two", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b73": "The United Methodist Church", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b74": " observer status", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b75": " the \"blurring of theological and confessional differences in the interests of unity.\"", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce4": " 2000", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce5": " May 2012", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce6": " 1985", "5730eb5b497a881900248a3f": " 11 million", "5730eb5b497a881900248a40": " 11 million members in nearly 42,000", "5730eb5b497a881900248a41": " 8 million", "5730eb5b497a881900248a42": " 8 million", "5730eb5b497a881900248a43": " Texas", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae5": " 11.4 million", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae6": " 11.4 million", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae7": " 11.4 million", "5730ec85e6313a140071caba": " Wesleyan Holiness Consortium", "5730ec85e6313a140071cabb": " Wesleyan Holiness Consortium, which seeks to reconceive and promote Biblical holiness in today's Church. It is also active in the World Methodist Council", "5730ec85e6313a140071cabc": " July 18, 2006", "5733cf61d058e614000b62e9": "1754\u20131763", "5733cf61d058e614000b62ea": " the colonies of British America and New France", "5733cf61d058e614000b62eb": " 60,000 European settlers, compared with 2 million", "5733cf61d058e614000b62ec": " 2 million", "5733cff84776f419006612b4": " along the frontiers between New France and the British colonies", "5733cff84776f419006612b5": " a dispute over control of the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers", "5733cff84776f419006612b6": " May 1754", "5733d13e4776f419006612c4": " 1755", "5733d13e4776f419006612c5": " a disaster", "5733d13e4776f419006612c6": " poor management, internal divisions, and effective Canadian scouts, French regular forces, and Indian warrior allies", "5733d13e4776f419006612c7": " Fort Beaus\u00e9jour", "5733d13e4776f419006612c8": " the deportation", "5733d249d058e614000b6331": " William Pitt", "5733d249d058e614000b6332": " Between 1758 and 1760", "5733d249d058e614000b6333": " Prussia and its allies in the European theatre", "5733d249d058e614000b6334": " Sainte Foy", "5733d2dbd058e614000b6339": " east of the Mississippi to Great Britain. It ceded French Louisiana", "5733d2dbd058e614000b633a": " Louisiana", "5733d2dbd058e614000b633b": " one of the most significant developments in a century of Anglo-French conflict", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ea": " 1740s", "5733d3cb4776f419006612eb": " Indians fought on both sides", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ec": " a much larger conflict between France and Great Britain", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ed": " Fourth Intercolonial War and the Great War", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6353": " 1756", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6354": " six years", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6355": " 1760", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6356": " Battle of Jumonville Glen", "5733d5704776f4190066130e": " 75,000", "5733d5704776f4190066130f": " Illinois Country", "5733d5704776f41900661310": " throughout the St. Lawrence and Mississippi watersheds", "5733d68ed058e614000b637f": " 20 to 1", "5733d68ed058e614000b6380": " Georgia", "5733d68ed058e614000b6381": " along the coast", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ab": " native tribes", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ac": " Mi'kmaq and the Abenaki", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ad": " Upstate New York", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ae": " Iroquois", "5733da01d058e614000b63f9": " Catawba, Muskogee-speaking Creek and Choctaw, and the Iroquoian-speaking Cherokee tribes", "5733da01d058e614000b63fa": " western portions of the Great Lakes region", "5733da01d058e614000b63fb": " Iroquois Six Nations", "5733dab4d058e614000b6409": " no French regular army troops", "5733dab4d058e614000b640a": " no French regular army troops", "5733dab4d058e614000b640b": " New France was defended by about 3,000 troupes de la marine, companies of colonial regulars", "5733db8dd058e614000b6428": " about 200 Troupes de la marine and 30 Indians. The expedition covered about 3,000 miles", "5733db8dd058e614000b6429": " 200 Troupes de la marine and 30 Indians", "5733db8dd058e614000b642a": " buried lead plates engraved with the French claim to the Ohio Country. Whenever he encountered British merchants", "5733dc95d058e614000b644a": " informed C\u00e9loron that they owned the Ohio Country and that they would trade with the British", "5733dc95d058e614000b644b": " Pickawillany", "5733dc95d058e614000b644c": " ignored the warning", "5733dc95d058e614000b644d": " ignored the warning", "5733dd4f4776f419006613aa": " very badly disposed", "5733dd4f4776f419006613ab": " Conflicts", "5733dd4f4776f419006613ac": " particularly forceful", "5733e5a14776f4190066145b": " 1749", "5733e5a14776f4190066145c": " the Ohio Company of Virginia", "5733e5a14776f4190066145d": " Christopher Gist", "5733e5a14776f4190066145e": " Treaty of Logstown", "5733e5a14776f4190066145f": " Monongahela River", "5733e771d058e614000b6545": " King George's War", "5733e771d058e614000b6546": " 1748", "5733e771d058e614000b6547": " conflicting territorial claims between British and French colonies", "5733e771d058e614000b6548": " it reached no decision. Frontiers", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a6": " Marquis de la Jonqui\u00e8re", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a7": " 300", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a8": " to punish the Miami people of Pickawillany for not following C\u00e9loron's orders", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a9": " capturing three traders and killing 14 people of the Miami nation", "5733ea04d058e614000b6594": " Paul Marin", "5733ea04d058e614000b6595": " Fort Presque Isle", "5733ea04d058e614000b6596": " Fort Le Boeuf", "5733ea04d058e614000b6597": " to protect the King's land in the Ohio Valley", "5733ea04d058e614000b6598": " Tanaghrisson", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cc": " Superintendent for Indian Affairs", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cd": " Warraghiggey", "5733eb34d058e614000b65ce": " Warraghiggey", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cf": " Mohawk Chief Hendrick", "5733ef47d058e614000b662b": " Ohio Company", "5733ef47d058e614000b662c": " Major George Washington", "5733ef47d058e614000b662d": " Jacob Van Braam", "5733ef47d058e614000b662e": " December 12", "5733f062d058e614000b6633": "Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre", "5733f062d058e614000b6634": " Dinwiddie", "5733f062d058e614000b6635": " \"As to the Summons you send me to retire, I do not think myself obliged to obey it.\"", "5733f062d058e614000b6636": " Ren\u00e9-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle had explored the Ohio Country nearly a century earlier", "5733f1784776f41900661575": " 40", "5733f1784776f41900661576": " 1754", "5733f1784776f41900661577": " Fort Duquesne", "5733f309d058e614000b6648": " surprised the Canadians", "5733f309d058e614000b6649": " many of the Canadians", "5733f309d058e614000b664a": " to gain the support of the British and regain authority over his own people", "5733f410d058e614000b6663": " dislodge the French. They chose Major General Edward Braddock to lead the expedition", "5733f410d058e614000b6664": " before Braddock's departure for North America", "5733f410d058e614000b6665": " dispatched six regiments to New France", "5733f410d058e614000b6666": " blockade French ports", "5733f5264776f419006615a3": " the convening of the Albany Congress", "5733f5264776f419006615a4": " to formalize a unified front in trade and negotiations with various Indians", "5733f5264776f419006615a5": " never ratified", "5733f5264776f419006615a6": " to formalize a unified front in trade and negotiations", "5733f5f24776f419006615c1": "Braddock (with George Washington", "5733f5f24776f419006615c2": " 1,500 army troops and provincial militia on an expedition in June 1755 to take Fort Duquesne. The expedition was a disaster", "5733f5f24776f419006615c3": " 1,000", "5733f5f24776f419006615c4": " Thomas Gage", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66a9": " Shirley and Johnson", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66aa": " logistical difficulties, exacerbated by Shirley's inexperience in managing large expeditions", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ab": " Fort Niagara", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ac": " Johnson", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f7": " Marquis de Vaudreuil", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f8": " sent Dieskau to Fort St. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric to meet that threat", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f9": " Fort Edward and Fort William Henry", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fa": " Fort William Henry", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fb": " Ticonderoga", "5733f9fa4776f4190066161f": "Colonel Monckton", "5733f9fa4776f41900661620": " Nova Scotia's Governor Charles Lawrence ordered the deportation of the French-speaking Acadian population from the area", "5733f9fa4776f41900661621": " Bloody Creek near Annapolis Royal in 1757", "5733faaf4776f4190066162f": " William Shirley", "5733faaf4776f41900661630": " Albany", "5733faaf4776f41900661631": " 1756. In addition to renewing the efforts to capture Niagara, Crown Point and Duquesne, he proposed attacks on Fort Frontenac", "5733faaf4776f41900661632": " Maine district and down the Chaudi\u00e8re River to attack the city of Quebec", "5733fb7bd058e614000b66ff": " Major General James Abercrombie", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6700": " Major General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6701": " May 18, 1756", "5733fc6ed058e614000b670f": " the British supply chain, so he ordered an attack against the forts", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6710": " supply chain", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6711": " 45,000 pounds", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6712": " any British hopes for campaigns on Lake Ontario", "5733fd66d058e614000b6735": " Abercrombie", "5733fd66d058e614000b6736": " Ticonderoga", "5733fd66d058e614000b6737": " Oswego", "5733fd66d058e614000b6738": " the disposition of prisoners' personal effects", "5733fe73d058e614000b673d": " an attack on New France", "5733fe73d058e614000b673e": " distract Montcalm", "5733fe73d058e614000b673f": " William Pitt", "5733fe73d058e614000b6740": " returned to New York", "5733ffa7d058e614000b674f": "French irregular forces", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6750": " Lake George", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6751": " attacked the British column, killing and capturing several hundred men, women, children, and slaves", "57340111d058e614000b677d": " poor harvest", "57340111d058e614000b677e": " harvest", "57340111d058e614000b677f": " St. Lawrence, with primary defenses at Carillon, Quebec, and Louisbourg", "5734025d4776f419006616c3": " British failures in North America", "5734025d4776f419006616c4": " Pitt", "5734025d4776f419006616c5": " three major offensive actions", "5734025d4776f419006616c6": " Two", "573403394776f419006616dd": " 3,600", "573403394776f419006616de": " 3,600 Frenchmen famously and decisively defeated Abercrombie's force of 18,000", "573403394776f419006616df": " saved something", "573403394776f419006616e0": " saved something from the disaster", "57340549d058e614000b67dd": " invasion of Britain", "57340549d058e614000b67de": " The invasion failed", "57340549d058e614000b67df": " Lagos and Quiberon Bay", "573406d1d058e614000b6801": " James Wolfe", "573406d1d058e614000b6802": " cut off the French frontier forts further to the west and south", "573406d1d058e614000b6803": " Battle of Sainte-Foy", "573406d1d058e614000b6804": " Fort Niagara", "573407d7d058e614000b6813": " Governor Vaudreuil", "573407d7d058e614000b6814": " medical treatment for the sick and wounded French soldiers and French regular troops", "573407d7d058e614000b6815": " Governor Vaudreuil", "573408ef4776f41900661757": " 10 February 1763", "573408ef4776f41900661758": " 15 February 1763", "573408ef4776f41900661759": " either its continental North American possessions east of the Mississippi or the Caribbean islands of Guadeloupe and Martinique", "573408ef4776f4190066175a": " The British offered France the choice of surrendering either its continental North American possessions east of the Mississippi or the Caribbean islands", "57340a094776f4190066177d": " 80,000", "57340a094776f4190066177e": " 1755", "57340a094776f4190066177f": " North American provinces", "57340a094776f41900661780": " New Orleans", "57340b1bd058e614000b6869": " King George III", "57340b1bd058e614000b686a": " outlined the division and administration of the newly conquered territory", "57340b1bd058e614000b686b": " west of the Appalachian Mountains", "57340d124776f419006617c3": " Cuba", "57340d124776f419006617c0": " legal and illegal settlement", "57340d124776f419006617c1": " 1769", "57340d124776f419006617c2": " Christianized Yamasee", "57340d124776f419006617bf": " disappearance of a strong ally and counterweight to British expansion", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e71": " force", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e72": " incomplete understanding of the sometimes non-obvious force of friction", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e73": " Sir Isaac Newton", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e74": " three hundred years", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e75": " Sir Isaac Newton", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7b": " Standard Model", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7c": " gauge bosons", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7d": " electromagnetic, weak, and gravitational", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7e": " strong, electromagnetic, weak, and gravitational", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7f": " a more fundamental electroweak interaction", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e85": "Aristotle", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e86": " Aristotelian cosmology", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e87": " four", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e88": " the ground", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e89": "natural motion\", and unnatural or forced motion", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e8f": " 17th century", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e90": " Galileo Galilei", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e91": " an innate force of impetus", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e92": " Galileo Galilei", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e93": " friction", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e99": " an external net force", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9a": " lack of net force", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9b": " Newton", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9c": " First Law", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9d": " the same in every inertial frame", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea3": " the laws of physics", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea4": " curving parabolic path", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea5": " outside world that is moving with a constant speed", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea6": " the two situations are considered to be physically indistinguishable. Inertia", "573749741c4567190057445d": " inertia", "573749741c4567190057445e": " rotational inertia", "573749741c4567190057445f": " Albert Einstein", "573749741c45671900574460": " weightlessness", "573749741c45671900574461": " reference frames", "573750f51c45671900574467": "Newton's Second Law", "573750f61c45671900574468": " kinematic measurements", "573750f61c45671900574469": " General relativity", "573750f61c4567190057446a": " General relativity", "573750f61c4567190057446b": " fixed", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eab": " action-reaction law", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eac": "Newton's Third Law", "5737534ec3c5551400e51ead": " unidirectional", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eae": " F and \u2212F are equal in magnitude", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb3": " an acceleration proportional to the magnitude of the external force divided by the mass of the system", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb4": " closed", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb5": " the mass of the system", "573766251c45671900574471": " intuitive understanding", "573766251c45671900574472": " precise operational definitions", "573766251c45671900574473": " Newtonian mechanics", "573766251c45671900574474": " fully consistent", "57376828c3c5551400e51eb9": "vector quantities", "57376828c3c5551400e51eba": "denoted scalar quantities", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebb": " know both the magnitude and the direction", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebc": " ambiguous", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebd": " necessary to know both the magnitude and the direction", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec3": " static equilibrium", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec4": " magnitude and direction", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec5": " net force", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec6": " their respective lines of application", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec7": " parallelogram", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecd": " independent components", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ece": " two", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecf": " the original force", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed0": " uniquely determined by the scalar addition of the components of the individual vectors. Orthogonal components", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed1": " no effect", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed7": " static friction", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed8": "Pushing against an object on a frictional surface can result in a situation where the object does not move because the applied force is opposed by static friction", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed9": " the applied force", "57376df3c3c5551400e51eda": " the characteristics of the contact", "57377083c3c5551400e51edf": " weighing", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee0": "spring reaction force", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee1": " weight", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee2": "spring reaction force\", which equals the object's weight. Using such tools, some quantitative force laws were discovered: that the force of gravity", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee3": " Isaac Newton", "573776eec3c5551400e51ee9": " Galileo", "573776eec3c5551400e51eea": " rest", "573776eec3c5551400e51eeb": " Aristotle", "573776eec3c5551400e51eec": " straight down", "573776eec3c5551400e51eed": " foot of the mast", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef3": " dynamic equilibrium", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef4": " kinetic friction. In such a situation, a force is applied in the direction of motion while the kinetic friction force", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef5": " applied force", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef6": " Aristotle", "57377aac1c45671900574479": " Schr\u00f6dinger equation", "57377aac1c4567190057447a": " Schr\u00f6dinger equation", "57377aac1c4567190057447b": " classical position variables", "57377aac1c4567190057447c": "quantized", "57377aac1c4567190057447d": "force\"", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efb": "spin", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efc": " there is the Pauli principle", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efd": " value of the spin", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efe": " negative correlation", "57377c98c3c5551400e51eff": " negative correlation", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f05": " mathematical by-product", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f06": " force is a redundant concept arising from conservation of momentum (4-momentum in relativity and momentum of virtual particles", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f07": " conservation of momentum", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f08": " Feynman diagrams", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f09": " straight line", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f0f": " four", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f10": " strong and weak", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f11": " electromagnetic force", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f12": " masses", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f13": " Pauli exclusion principle", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f19": " Isaac Newton", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1a": " 20th", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1b": " Grand Unified Theory", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1c": " string theory", "573784fa1c45671900574483": " Isaac Newton", "573784fa1c45671900574484": " Galileo", "573784fa1c45671900574485": " 9.81 meters per second", "573784fa1c45671900574486": " sea level", "573784fa1c45671900574487": " 9.81 meters per second", "573786b51c4567190057448d": " in different ways at larger distances", "573786b51c4567190057448e": " Moon", "573786b51c4567190057448f": " the mass of the attracting body", "573786b51c45671900574490": " mass () and the radius ()", "57378862c3c5551400e51f21": " dimensional constant", "57378862c3c5551400e51f22": " Henry Cavendish", "57378862c3c5551400e51f23": " 1798", "57378862c3c5551400e51f24": " Henry Cavendish", "5737898f1c45671900574495": " Mercury", "5737898f1c45671900574496": "Vulcan", "5737898f1c45671900574497": " general relativity", "5737898f1c45671900574498": " Albert Einstein", "5737898f1c45671900574499": " Albert Einstein", "57378b141c4567190057449f": " general relativity", "57378b141c456719005744a0": " shortest", "57378b141c456719005744a1": "gravitational force", "57378b141c456719005744a2": " can be observed and the force is inferred from the object's curved path", "57378c9b1c456719005744a8": "Through combining the definition of electric current as the time rate of change", "57378c9b1c456719005744a9": " moving in a magnetic field", "57378c9b1c456719005744a7": " Lorentz's Law", "57378c9b1c456719005744aa": " the electrostatic force (due to the electric field", "57378e311c456719005744af": " James Clerk Maxwell", "57378e311c456719005744b0": " 1864", "57378e311c456719005744b1": " 20", "57378e311c456719005744b2": " 4", "57378e311c456719005744b3": " James Clerk Maxwell", "573792ee1c456719005744b9": " electromagnetic theory", "573792ee1c456719005744ba": " quantum mechanics", "573792ee1c456719005744bb": " quantum electrodynamics", "573792ee1c456719005744bc": " photons", "573792ee1c456719005744bd": " quantum electrodynamics", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f29": " repulsion of like charges under the influence of the electromagnetic force", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2a": " the Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2b": " lower energy quantum mechanical states", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2c": " a structural force", "5737958b1c456719005744c3": " repulsion of like charges under the influence of the electromagnetic force", "5737958b1c456719005744c4": " the Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958b1c456719005744c5": " lower energy quantum mechanical states", "5737958b1c456719005744c6": " a structural force", "573796edc3c5551400e51f33": " elementary particles", "573796edc3c5551400e51f34": "the best known example being the force that acts between nucleons in atomic nuclei", "573796edc3c5551400e51f35": " strong force only acts directly upon elementary particles", "573796edc3c5551400e51f36": " gluons", "573796edc3c5551400e51f37": " color confinement", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3d": " weak force", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3e": " beta decay", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3f": " the associated radioactivity", "57379829c3c5551400e51f40": " 1013", "57379829c3c5551400e51f41": " 1015 kelvins", "57379a4b1c456719005744cd": "The normal force", "57379a4b1c456719005744ce": " the force that acts in a direction normal to the surface interface between two objects", "57379a4b1c456719005744cf": " fermionic nature of electrons", "57379a4b1c456719005744d0": " external force pushes on a solid object. An example of the normal force in action is the impact force", "57379ed81c456719005744d5": " ideal strings that are massless, frictionless, unbreakable, and unstretchable", "57379ed81c456719005744d6": " movable pulleys", "57379ed81c456719005744d7": " instantaneously in action-reaction pairs", "57379ed81c456719005744d8": " conservation of mechanical energy", "57379ed81c456719005744d9": " movable pulleys", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f47": " idealized point particles", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f48": " matter has extended structure", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f49": " extended fluids", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4a": " other parts", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4b": " lattice holding together the atoms", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f51": " stress tensor", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f52": " stress tensor", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f53": " pressure terms associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area (the matrix diagonals", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f54": "the matrix diagonals", "5737a4511c456719005744df": " angle", "5737a4511c456719005744e0": " all bodies maintain their angular momentum unless acted upon by an unbalanced torque", "5737a4511c456719005744e1": " Newton's Second Law of Motion", "5737a5931c456719005744e7": " the center of the curving path", "5737a5931c456719005744e8": " perpendicular to the velocity vector associated with the motion of an object", "5737a5931c456719005744e9": " unbalanced centripetal force", "5737a5931c456719005744ea": " radial", "5737a5931c456719005744eb": " The unbalanced force", "5737a7351c456719005744f1": " kinetic", "5737a7351c456719005744f2": " potential", "5737a7351c456719005744f3": " mechanical work that allows energy to convert only between kinetic or potential forms. This means that for a closed system, the net mechanical energy", "5737a7351c456719005744f4": " difference in potential energy", "5737a7351c456719005744f5": " potential field in the same way that the direction and amount of a flow of water can be considered to be an artifact of the contour map", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f59": " forces as being due to gradient of potentials", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5a": " gradient of potentials", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5b": " force model", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5c": " Nonconservative", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f61": " statistical mechanics", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f62": " nonconservative forces act to change the internal energies of the system", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f63": " macroscopic nonconservative forces and microscopic conservative forces", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f64": " Second law of thermodynamics", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f65": " nonconservative forces", "5737aafd1c456719005744fb": " the kilogram", "5737aafd1c456719005744fc": " aircraft weight", "5737aafd1c456719005744fd": " the metric slug", "5737aafd1c456719005744fe": " the metric slug", "5737aafd1c456719005744ff": " the metric slug" }