{ "56be4db0acb8001400a502ec": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ed": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ee": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ef": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56be4db0acb8001400a502f0": "golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d1": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d2": " February 7, 2016", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d3": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91b9": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91ba": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91bb": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91df": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e0": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e1": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e2": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e3": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fd": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fe": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94ff": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9500": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9501": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e8": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e9": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56d20362e7d4791d009025ea": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56d20362e7d4791d009025eb": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56d600e31c85041400946eae": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56d600e31c85041400946eb0": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56d600e31c85041400946eb1": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb50e": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb510": " \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f6": "MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49\u2013", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f9": "MVP).", "56be4e1facb8001400a502fa": "MVP).", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c2": " Arizona Cardinals 49\u2013", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c3": "MVP).", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91e9": "MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49\u2013", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ea": "MVP).", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91eb": "MVP).", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ec": "MVP).", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ed": "MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49\u2013", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9507": "MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49\u2013", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9508": "MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49\u2013", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9509": "MVP).", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950a": "MVP).", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950b": "MVP).", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f3": "MVP).", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f4": "MVP).", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f5": "MVP).", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f6": "MVP).", "56d6017d1c85041400946ebe": "MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49\u2013", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec1": "MVP).", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec2": "MVP).", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52a": "MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49\u2013", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52b": " Arizona Cardinals 49\u2013", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52e": "MVP).", "56be4eafacb8001400a50302": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed", "56be4eafacb8001400a50303": "The Broncos took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56be4eafacb8001400a50304": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d2": " Von Miller was named Super", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d3": "The Broncos took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d4": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f4": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f5": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f6": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f7": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9511": "The Broncos took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9513": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9514": "The Broncos took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9515": "The Broncos took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56d204ade7d4791d00902603": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed", "56d204ade7d4791d00902604": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56d601e41c85041400946ece": "The Broncos took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56d601e41c85041400946ecf": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56d601e41c85041400946ed0": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56d601e41c85041400946ed1": "The Broncos took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed", "56d601e41c85041400946ed2": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53b": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53c": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53d": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53e": " Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense", "56be5333acb8001400a5030a": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56be5333acb8001400a5030b": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56be5333acb8001400a5030c": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56be5333acb8001400a5030d": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56be5333acb8001400a5030e": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fd": "CBS broadcast Super Bowl 50 in the U.S., and charged an average of $", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fe": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91ff": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9200": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9201": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951b": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951c": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951e": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951f": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902608": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902609": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260a": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260b": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d602631c85041400946ed8": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d602631c85041400946eda": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d602631c85041400946edb": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d602631c85041400946edc": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb544": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb545": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb546": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb548": " Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56be53b8acb8001400a50314": " Super Bowl \"spectacular\" and that it would be \"an important game for us as a league\".", "56be53b8acb8001400a50315": " \"spectacular\" and that it would be \"an important game for us as a league\".", "56be53b8acb8001400a50316": " Super Bowl \"spectacular\" and that it would be \"an important game for us as a", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9207": " Commissioner Roger Goodell", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9208": " \"spectacular\" and that it would be \"an important game for us as a league\".", "56bf42f53aeaaa14008c95a3": " Commissioner Roger Goodell", "56d2053ae7d4791d00902610": " Super Bowl \"spectacular\" and that it would be \"an important game for us as a league\".", "56d6edd00d65d21400198250": " Super Bowl \"spectacular\" and that it would be \"an important game for us as a league\".", "56d6edd00d65d21400198251": " the league planned to make the 50th Super", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54e": " Commissioner Roger Goodell", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54f": " 50th Super", "56be5438acb8001400a5031a": " Mercedes-Benz Superdome,", "56be5438acb8001400a5031b": " Mercedes-Benz Superdome,", "56be5438acb8001400a5031c": " Mercedes-Benz Superdome,", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920b": "The league eventually narrowed the bids to three", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920d": " league eventually narrowed the bids to three", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9580": "The league eventually narrowed the bids to three", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9581": " Superd", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9582": "The league eventually narrowed the bids to three", "56d20564e7d4791d00902612": " New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome,", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198254": " three", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198255": " New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superd", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198256": "The league eventually narrowed the bids to three", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198257": " Mercedes-Benz Superdome,", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198258": "The league eventually narrowed the bids to three", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb552": " Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb553": " Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb554": " Superdome,", "56be54bdacb8001400a50322": " Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium.", "56be54bdacb8001400a50323": " October", "56be54bdacb8001400a50324": " October", "56be54bdacb8001400a50325": " October", "56be54bdacb8001400a50326": " October", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921b": "The league announced on October", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921c": " Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium.", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921d": "The league announced on October", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921e": " Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium. The South Florida", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921f": " October", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9525": "The league announced on October", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9526": " October", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9528": " 10 times (tied for most with New Orleans), with the most recent one being Super Bowl", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9529": "The league announced on October", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198260": " October", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198262": " Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb558": " October", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb559": " October", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55a": " Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55b": " October", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55c": "The league announced on October", "56be5523acb8001400a5032c": " Levi's Stadium", "56be5523acb8001400a5032d": " Levi's Stadium", "56be5523acb8001400a5032e": " Levi's Stadium", "56be5523acb8001400a5032f": " Levi's Stadium", "56be5523acb8001400a50330": " Levi's Stadium", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9225": " Levi's Stadium", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9226": " the game to Levi's Stadium", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9227": " Levi's Stadium", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9228": " Levi's Stadium", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9229": " Levi's Stadium", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c952f": " May 21, 2013, NFL owners at their spring meetings in Boston voted and awarded the game to Levi's Stadium", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9530": " NFL owners at their spring meetings in Boston voted and awarded the game to Levi's Stadium", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9531": " Levi's Stadium", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9532": " Levi's Stadium", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9533": " Levi's Stadium", "56d6f0770d65d21400198268": " Levi's Stadium", "56d6f0770d65d21400198269": " May 21, 2013, NFL owners at their spring meetings in Boston voted and awarded the game to Levi's Stadium", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826a": " Levi's Stadium", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826c": " Levi's Stadium", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb562": " Levi's Stadium", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb563": " May 21, 2013, NFL owners at their spring meetings in Boston voted and awarded the game to Levi's Stadium", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb564": ".2 billion", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb565": " Levi's Stadium", "56be572b3aeaaa14008c9052": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c922f": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9230": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9231": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9232": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9233": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c9539": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953a": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953c": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953d": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d6f1190d65d21400198272": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d6f1190d65d21400198273": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d6f1190d65d21400198274": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d6f1190d65d21400198275": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d6f1190d65d21400198276": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56c": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56d": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d99179dc89441400fdb570": " Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9058": " waiving longtime running back DeAngelo Williams and losing top wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9059": " Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56be59683aeaaa14008c905a": " Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923d": " DeAngelo Williams and losing top wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923e": " Carolina Panthers had their best regular season in franchise history, becoming the seventh team to win at least 15 regular season games since the", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923f": " Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9240": " Carolina Panthers had their best regular season in franchise history, becoming the seventh team to win at least 15 regular season games since the", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9241": " Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the preseason,", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9543": " 1978", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9544": " Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9545": " DeAngelo Williams and losing top wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9547": " DeAngelo Williams and losing top wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827c": " Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827d": " waiving longtime running back DeAngelo Williams and losing top wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827e": " DeAngelo Williams and losing top wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827f": " Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb576": " Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb577": " Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb578": " Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb57a": " DeAngelo Williams and losing top wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9247": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9248": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9249": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924a": " Greg Olsen, who caught a career-high 77 passes for 1,104 yards and seven touchdowns, and wide receiver Ted G", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924b": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960b": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960c": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960d": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960e": "The Panthers offense, which led the NFL in scoring (500 points), was loaded with talent, boasting six Pro Bowl selections.", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960f": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56d6f2960d65d21400198286": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56d6f2960d65d21400198287": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56d6f2960d65d21400198288": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56d6f2960d65d21400198289": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56d6f2960d65d2140019828a": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56d997cddc89441400fdb586": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56d997cddc89441400fdb587": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56d997cddc89441400fdb588": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56d997cddc89441400fdb589": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56d997cddc89441400fdb58a": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing,", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925b": " Luke Kuechly. Davis compiled 5\u00bd sacks, four forced fumbles, and four interceptions, while Kuech", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925c": " 6\u00bd sacks.", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925d": " 6\u00bd sacks.", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925e": " 24 and boasting four Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl defensive tackle Kawann Short", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925f": " 6\u00bd sacks.", "56d6f3500d65d21400198290": " 24 and boasting four Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl defensive tackle Kawann Short", "56d6f3500d65d21400198291": " Luke Kuechly. Davis compiled 5\u00bd sacks, four forced fumbles, and four interceptions, while Kuech", "56d6f3500d65d21400198292": " 6\u00bd sacks.", "56d6f3500d65d21400198293": " 5\u00bd sacks, four forced fumbles, and four interceptions, while Kuech", "56d6f3500d65d21400198294": " Luke Kuechly. Davis compiled 5\u00bd sacks, four forced fumbles, and four interceptions, while Kuech", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59c": " 24 and boasting four Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl defensive tackle Kawann Short", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59e": " Luke Kuechly. Davis compiled 5\u00bd sacks, four forced fumbles, and four interceptions, while Kuech", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59f": " Short", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb5a0": " 24 and boasting four Pro Bowl selections.", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9265": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9266": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9267": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9268": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9269": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954d": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954e": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954f": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9550": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9551": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829a": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829b": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829c": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829d": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829e": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c8": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c9": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5ca": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cb": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cc": " Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kub", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c9279": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927a": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927b": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927c": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927d": " 67.9 passer rating, throwing for 2,249 yards and nine touchdowns, with 17 interceptions. In contrast, Oswe", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956b": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956c": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956d": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956e": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956f": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a4": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a5": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a6": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a7": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d6": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d7": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d8": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d9": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5da": " Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928d": " Trevathan ranked second with 102. Cornerbacks Aqib Talib (three interceptions) and Chris Harris", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928e": " 5\u00bd sacks. Pro Bowl linebacker Von Miller led the team with 11 sacks, forced four fumbles, and recovered three", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9290": " Trevathan ranked second with 102. Cornerbacks Aqib Talib (three interceptions) and Chris Harris", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9291": " Trevathan ranked second with 102. Cornerbacks Aqib Talib (three interceptions) and Chris Harris", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9588": "The Broncos", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9589": "The Broncos", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c958b": " Trevathan ranked second with 102. Cornerbacks Aqib Talib (three interceptions) and Chris Harris", "56d6fea90d65d214001982ae": "296). Defensive ends Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson", "56d6fea90d65d214001982af": " Trevathan ranked second with 102. Cornerbacks Aqib Talib (three interceptions) and Chris Harris", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b0": " Trevathan ranked second with 102. Cornerbacks Aqib Talib (three interceptions) and Chris Harris", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b2": " Trevathan ranked second with 102. Cornerbacks Aqib Talib (three interceptions) and Chris Harris", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5fd": "The Broncos", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5ff": "The Broncos", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb600": " Trevathan ranked second with 102. Cornerbacks Aqib Talib (three interceptions) and Chris Harris", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a1": " Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then holding off a furious", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a2": " Seattle Seahawks", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a3": " Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then holding off a furious", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a4": " Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then holding off a furious", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a5": " the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then holding off a furious second half comeback attempt to win 31\u201324", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c9559": " Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then holding off a furious", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955a": " Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then holding off a furious", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955b": " Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then holding off a furious", "56d701280d65d214001982b8": " Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then holding off a furious", "56d701280d65d214001982ba": " Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then", "56d701280d65d214001982bc": " Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb616": " Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then holding off a furious", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb618": " Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then holding off a furious", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb619": " Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then holding off a furious", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb61a": " Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ab": " Pittsburgh", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ac": " Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ad": " Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ae": " Pittsburgh", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92af": " Pittsburgh", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9561": " Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points in the final three", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9562": " Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points in the final three", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9563": " Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9564": " Pittsburgh", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9565": " Pittsburgh", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c2": " Pittsburgh", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c3": " Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c5": " Pittsburgh", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb628": " Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb629": " Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb62c": " Pittsburgh", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b5": "Carolina suffered a major setback when Thomas Davis, an 11-year veteran who had already", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b6": "Carolina suffered a major setback when Thomas Davis", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b7": "Carolina suffered a major setback when Thomas Davis", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b8": "Carolina suffered a major setback when Thomas Davis", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9575": "-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9576": "-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9577": "Carolina suffered a major setback when Thomas Davis", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9579": "Carolina suffered a major setback when Thomas Davis", "56d703d10d65d214001982d6": "Carolina suffered a major setback when Thomas Davis", "56d703d10d65d214001982d7": "Carolina suffered a major setback when Thomas Davis", "56d703d10d65d214001982d8": "Carolina suffered a major setback when Thomas Davis", "56d9a026dc89441400fdb632": "Carolina suffered a major setback when Thomas Davis", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bd": " 39", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92be": " 39", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bf": " 39", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c0": "Peyton Manning", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c1": " The past record was held by John Elway", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9591": " The past record was held by John Elway", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9592": "Peyton Manning", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9593": " 39", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9594": " 39", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9595": " The past record was held by John Elway", "56d704430d65d214001982de": " The past record was held by John Elway", "56d704430d65d214001982e0": " 39", "56d704430d65d214001982e1": " 39", "56d704430d65d214001982e2": " The past record was held by John Elway", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63e": " The past record was held by John Elway", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63f": " 39", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb640": " The past record was held by John Elway", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c7": " Super Bowl to feature a quarterback on both teams who was the #1 pick in their draft classes.", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c8": " Super Bowl to feature a quarterback on both teams who was the #1 pick in their draft classes.", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c9": "Manning was 39, Newton", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92ca": "Manning was 39, Newton", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92cb": " Manning", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959b": " Super Bowl to feature a quarterback on both teams who was the #1 pick in their draft classes.", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959c": " Super Bowl to feature a quarterback on both teams who was the #1 pick in their draft classes.", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959d": "Manning was 39, Newton", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959e": " Manning", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fc": " Super Bowl to feature a quarterback on both teams who was the #1 pick in their draft classes.", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fd": " Super Bowl to feature a quarterback on both teams who was the #1 pick in their draft classes.", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fe": " Manning", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb647": " Manning", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb648": "Manning was 39, Newton", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb649": "Manning was 39, Newton", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92db": " Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX, and Kubiak replacing Elway", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dc": " Elway", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dd": " Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX, and Kubiak replacing Elway", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92de": " Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX, and Kub", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92df": " Elway", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9615": " Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX, and Kubiak replacing Elway", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9617": " Elway", "56d709ef0d65d21400198306": " Elway at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV, this will be the first Super Bowl", "56d709ef0d65d21400198307": " Super Bowl XX, and Kubiak replacing Elway", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e5": " natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodd", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e6": " natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodd", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e7": " natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodd", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e8": " natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodd", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e9": " natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodd", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a5": " natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodd", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a6": " natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodd", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a7": " natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodd", "56d70adc0d65d21400198311": " natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodd", "56d70adc0d65d21400198312": " NFL re-sodd", "56d70adc0d65d21400198313": " NFL re-sodd", "56d70adc0d65d21400198314": " natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodd", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb678": " NFL re-sodd", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb679": " NFL re-sodd", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92f9": " Elway", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fa": " Elway stated, \"We've had Super Bowl success in our white uniforms.\"", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fb": " Elway stated, \"We've had Super Bowl success in our white uniforms.\"", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fc": " Elway", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fd": " Super Bowl XXXIII, Elway's last game as Denver QB", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ab": " Super Bowl success in our white uniforms.\" The Broncos last wore matching white jerseys and pants in the Super Bowl in Super Bowl XXXIII", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ac": " Elway stated, \"We've had Super Bowl success in our white uniforms.\"", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ae": " Elway", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95af": " Elway", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831d": " Elway", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831f": " Elway", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb697": " Elway", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb698": " The Broncos last wore matching white jerseys and pants in the Super Bowl in Super Bowl XXXIII", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb699": " Elway", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb69a": " Elway", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9303": " Marriott", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9304": " Marriott", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9305": " San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9306": " San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b5": " Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b6": " Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b7": " Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b8": " Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198326": " Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198327": " Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198328": " Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198329": " Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a0": " Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a1": " Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a2": " Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a3": " Marriott", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9315": " June", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9316": " the NFL announced that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numer", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9317": " L.", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9318": " L. The use of Roman numerals will be reinstated for Super Bowl LI. Jaime Weston", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9319": " L.", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95bd": " the NFL announced that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numer", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95be": " L.", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c0": " the NFL announced that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numer", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c1": " L.", "56d70daa0d65d21400198332": " June", "56d70daa0d65d21400198333": " L.", "56d70daa0d65d21400198334": " Super Bowl V, would be temporarily suspended, and that the game would be named using Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50", "56d70daa0d65d21400198335": " the NFL announced that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals, a", "56d70daa0d65d21400198336": " L.", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6a8": " L. The use of Roman numerals will be reinstated for Super Bowl LI. Jaime Weston", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6ab": " L.", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c931f": " gold-themed promotions and initiatives", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9320": "Golden", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9321": "Golden", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c7": " gold-themed promotions and initiatives", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c8": " gold-themed promotions and initiatives", "56d70e570d65d2140019833c": " gold-themed promotions and initiatives", "56d70e570d65d2140019833e": " gold-themed promotions and initiatives", "56d70e570d65d2140019833f": " gold-themed promotions and initiatives", "56d9b01fdc89441400fdb6d4": " gold-themed promotions and initiatives", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9325": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9326": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9327": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9328": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9329": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cb": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cc": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cd": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95ce": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834c": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834d": " The Embarcadero", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834f": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ec": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ed": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ee": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ef": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6f0": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcad", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c932f": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9330": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9331": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d3": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d4": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d5": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events", "56d714cd0d65d21400198356": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56d714cd0d65d21400198358": " city council to help fund the event. Additional funding will be provided by the city council", "56d714cd0d65d21400198359": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb700": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb701": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9335": " SAP Center", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9336": " SAP Center", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9337": " SAP Center", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9338": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9339": " SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95d9": " SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95da": " SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95db": " SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dc": " SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dd": " SAP Center", "56d71bd80d65d2140019835e": " SAP Center", "56d71bd80d65d21400198360": " SAP Center", "56d71bd80d65d21400198361": " SAP Center", "56d71bd80d65d21400198362": " Golden Gate Bridge", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb708": " SAP Center", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb709": " SAP Center", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70a": " SAP Center", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70b": " SAP Center", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70c": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c933f": " Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9340": " Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9341": " Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9342": " Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9343": " Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e3": " Dignity Health", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e4": " Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e5": " Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health", "56d71cb60d65d21400198368": " disabled veteran and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender-owned businesses in Business Connect, the Super Bowl", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb720": " disabled veteran", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb721": " Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c9349": " 50 fund as its philanthropic", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c934a": " Super Bowl 50 Host Committee", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95e9": " Super Bowl 50 Host Committee", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95ea": " Super Bowl 50 Host Committee", "56d71d150d65d2140019836e": "The Super", "56d71d150d65d2140019836f": " 25 percent of all money it raises for philanthropic causes in the Bay Area. The committee created the 50 fund as its philanthropic", "56d71d150d65d21400198370": " 50 Host Committee", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb72f": " Super Bowl 50 Host Committee", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb730": " Super Bowl 50 Host Committee", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934d": " \"50\". Each digit will weigh 33 lb (15 kg) for a total of 66 lb (30 kg).", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934e": " \"50\". Each digit will weigh 33 lb (15 kg) for a total of 66 lb (30 kg).", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934f": " \"50\". Each digit will weigh 33 lb (15 kg) for a total of 66 lb (30 kg).", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9350": " \"50\". Each digit will weigh 33 lb (15 kg) for a total of 66 lb (30 kg).", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9351": " \"50\". Each digit will weigh 33 lb (15 kg) for a total of 66 lb (30 kg).", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ed": " \"50\". Each digit will weigh 33 lb (15 kg) for a total of 66 lb (30 kg).", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ef": " \"50\". Each digit will weigh 33 lb (15 kg) for a total of 66 lb (30 kg).", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95f1": " \"50\". Each digit will weigh 33 lb (15 kg) for a total of 66 lb (30 kg).", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198374": " \"50\". Each digit will weigh 33 lb (15 kg) for a total of 66 lb (30 kg).", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198377": " \"50\". Each digit will weigh 33 lb (15 kg) for a total of 66 lb (30 kg).", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9357": " CBS", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9358": " CBS", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9359": " CBS", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935a": " CBS", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935b": " CBS", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f7": " CBS, as part of a cycle between the three main broadcast television partners of the NFL.", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f8": " CBS", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f9": " CBS", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fa": " CBS", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fb": " CBS", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837c": "'s lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms called the contest, with Tracy Wolfson and Evan Washburn on the sidelines.", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837d": " CBS", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb740": " the game was televised by CBS", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb741": " CBS", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb742": " CBS", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb743": " CBS", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb744": " the game was televised by CBS", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9361": " ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew of Alvaro Martin and Raul Allegre", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9362": " CBS's second audio program channel for over-the-air viewers). The game was called by ESPN Dep", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9363": " Alvaro Martin and Raul Allegre", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9364": " ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew of Alvaro Martin and Raul Allegre", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9365": " ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew of Alvaro Martin and Raul Allegre", "56bf6d343aeaaa14008c961b": " ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew of Alvaro Martin and Raul Allegre", "56d71fc00d65d21400198386": " ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew of Alvaro Martin and Raul Allegre", "56d71fc00d65d21400198389": " CBS's second audio program channel for over-the-air viewers). The game was called by ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb754": " ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew of Alvaro Martin and Raul Allegre", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb757": " CBS's second audio program channel for over-the-air viewers). The game was called by ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb758": " CBS's second audio program channel for over-the-air viewers). The game was called by ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9371": "CBS provided digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9372": "CBS provided digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9373": " CBSSports.com", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9374": " CBSSports.com", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9375": " CBSSports.com", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c961f": "CBS provided digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9620": " CBSSports.com", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9621": "CBS provided digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9622": "CBS provided digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com", "56d7205e0d65d21400198391": " Verizon Wireless", "56d7205e0d65d21400198392": " Verizon Wireless", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75e": " CBSSports.com", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75f": " CBSSports.com", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb760": " CBSSports.com", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937b": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert following the game. Following a break for late local programming", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937c": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert following the game. Following a break for late local programming", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9631": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert following the game. Following a break for late local programming", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9632": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert following the game. Following a break for late local programming", "56d720c70d65d21400198396": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert following the game. Following a break for late local programming", "56d720c70d65d21400198397": " Super Bowl 50, beginning with a special episode of The Late Show with Stephen", "56d720c70d65d21400198398": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert following the game. Following a break for late local programming", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c9389": " Anheuser-Busch", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938a": " Anheuser-Busch", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938b": " Anheuser-Busch", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938c": " The Pok\u00e9mon Company", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9635": " Anheuser-Busch", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9637": " Anheuser-Busch", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9638": " The Pok\u00e9mon Company", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9639": " Anheuser-Busch", "56d721af0d65d2140019839e": " The Pok\u00e9mon Company", "56d721af0d65d2140019839f": " Anheuser-Busch", "56d721af0d65d214001983a0": " Anheuser-Busch", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb768": " Anheuser-Busch", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb769": " Anheuser-Busch", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb76a": " Anheuser-Busch", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9397": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9398": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9399": " QuickBooks", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c939a": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c963f": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c9640": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56d722330d65d214001983a6": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56d722330d65d214001983a7": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56d722330d65d214001983a8": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb770": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb771": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93a9": " Century Fox, Lionsgate, Paramount Pictures, Universal Studios and Walt Disney", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93aa": " Walt Disney", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ab": " Century Fox, Lionsgate, Paramount Pictures, Universal Studios and Walt Disney", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ac": " Century Fox", "56d723560d65d214001983ac": " Century Fox", "56d723560d65d214001983ad": " Century Fox, Lionsgate, Paramount Pictures, Universal Studios and Walt Disney Studios", "56d723560d65d214001983ae": " Century Fox, Lionsgate, Paramount Pictures, Universal Studios and Walt Disney", "56d723560d65d214001983af": " Century Fox, Lionsgate, Paramount Pictures, Universal Studios and Walt Disney Studios", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77b": " Century Fox", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77c": " Century Fox, Lionsgate, Paramount Pictures, Universal Studios and Walt Disney Studios", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77d": " Century Fox, Lionsgate, Paramount Pictures, Universal Studios and Walt Disney Studios", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b1": " Kevin Harlan as play-by-", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b2": " Kevin Harlan as play-by-", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b3": " North America, with Kevin Harlan as play-by", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b4": "Westwood One will carry the game throughout North America, with Kevin Harlan as play-by-", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b5": " One will carry the game throughout North America, with Kevin Harlan as play-by-", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9655": " One will carry the game throughout North America, with Kevin Harlan as play-by", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9656": " Kevin Harlan as play-by-", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b4": " One will carry the game throughout North America, with Kevin Harlan as play-by", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b5": " One will carry the game throughout North America, with Kevin Harlan as play-by-", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b8": " One will carry the game throughout North America, with Kevin Harlan as play-by-", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78e": " Kevin Harlan as play-by-", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78f": " One will carry the game throughout North America, with Kevin Harlan as play-by", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb790": " Kevin Harlan as play-by", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb791": " One will carry the game throughout North America, with Kevin Harlan as play-by", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb792": " Kevin Harlan as play-by", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93cf": " local play-by-", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d0": " KOA (850 AM) and KRFX (103.5 FM) will carry the game, with Dave Logan on play-by-", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d1": "BT (1110 AM) will carry the game, with Mick Mixon on play-by-", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d2": " KOA (850 AM) and KRFX (103.5 FM) will carry the game, with Dave Logan", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d3": " KOA (850 AM) and KRFX (103.5 FM) will carry the game, with Dave Logan on play-by-play", "56d724620d65d214001983be": " KOA (850 AM) and KRFX (103.5 FM) will carry the game, with Dave Logan on play-by-", "56d724620d65d214001983bf": " local play-by-", "56d724620d65d214001983c0": " flagship stations of each station in the markets of each team will carry their local play-by-", "56d724620d65d214001983c1": " KOA (850 AM) and KRFX (103.5 FM) will carry the game, with Dave Logan on play-by-", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a0": "BT (1110 AM) will carry the game, with Mick Mixon on play-by-", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a3": " KOA (850 AM) and KRFX (103.5 FM) will carry the game, with Dave Logan on play-by", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e3": " 5 Live and 5 Live Sports Extra will carry the contest. The BBC will carry its own British English broadcast, with Greg Brady", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e4": " 5 Live Sports", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e5": " 5 Live Sports", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c8": " 5 Live Sports", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c9": " 5 Live Sports Extra will carry the contest. The BBC will carry its own British English broadcast, with Greg Brady, Darren Fletcher and Rocky Bo", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93e9": "MVP of Super Bowls I and II) and Chuck Howley (MVP of Super", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ea": "MVP of Super Bowls I and II) and Chuck Howley (MVP of Super", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93eb": "MVP of Super Bowls I and II) and Chuck Howley (MVP of Super", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ec": "MVP of Super Bowls I and II) and Chuck Howley (MVP of Super", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ed": " Super Bowl, the pregame ceremony featured the on-field introduction of 39 of the 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players. Bart Starr", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cc": "MVP of Super Bowls I and II) and Chuck Howley (MVP of Super", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cd": "MVP of Super Bowls I and II) and Chuck Howley (MVP of Super", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cf": "MVP of Super Bowls I and II) and Chuck Howley (M", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b4": "MVP of Super Bowls I and II) and Chuck Howley (MVP of Super", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b5": "MVP of Super Bowls I and II) and Chuck Howley (MVP of Super", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b6": "MVP of Super Bowls I and II) and Chuck Howley (M", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b7": "MVP of Super Bowls I and II) and Chuck Howley (M", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b8": "MVP of Super Bowls I and II) and Chuck Howley (MVP of Super", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fd": "Six", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fe": "AS", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93ff": "Six-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga performed the national anthem, while Academy Award winner Marlee Mat", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9400": "Six-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga performed the national anthem, while Academy Award winner Marlee Mat", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9401": "Six-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga performed the national anthem, while Academy Award winner Marlee Mat", "56d20650e7d4791d00902614": "Six-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga", "56d20650e7d4791d00902615": "Six-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d4": "Six-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d5": "Six-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c4": "Six-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga performed the national anthem, while Academy Award winner Marlee Matlin provided American Sign Language (AS", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c5": "Six", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c6": "Six-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940d": " British rock group Coldplay", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940e": " Coldplay", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940f": " Coldplay", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9410": " Cold", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9411": " Coldplay", "56d725790d65d214001983d8": " Coldplay.", "56d725790d65d214001983da": " Coldplay. On January 7, 2016, Pepsi confirmed to the Associated Press that Beyon", "56d725790d65d214001983db": " Coldplay. On January", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d0": " Coldplay", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d1": " Coldplay", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d2": " the league confirmed that the show would be headlined by the British rock group Cold", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d3": " Coldplay. On January", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9417": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels and a 22", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9418": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9419": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels and a 22", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941a": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels and a 22", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941b": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels and a 22", "56d728a10d65d21400198413": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels and a 22", "56d728a10d65d21400198414": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels and a 22", "56d728a10d65d21400198415": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels and a 22", "56d728a10d65d21400198416": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d8": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels and a 22", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d9": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7da": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels and a 22", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7db": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels and a 22", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7dc": " the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels and a 22", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942b": " incompletion and upheld after a replay challenge. CBS analyst and retired referee Mike Carey", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942c": " incompletion and upheld after a replay challenge. CBS analyst and retired referee Mike Carey", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942d": " Jerricho Cotchery", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942e": " Jerricho Cotchery", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942f": " Jerricho Cotchery", "56d728e00d65d2140019841c": " Jerricho Cotchery", "56d728e00d65d2140019841d": " Jerricho Cotchery", "56d728e00d65d2140019841e": " Jerricho Cotchery", "56d728e00d65d2140019841f": " Jerricho Cotchery", "56d728e00d65d21400198420": " Jerricho Cotchery", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e7": " Jerricho Cotchery", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e8": " Jerricho Cotchery", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e9": " Jerricho Cotchery", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7ea": " Jerricho Cotchery", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9435": " McManus kicked a 33-yard field goal", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9436": " McManus kicked a 33-yard field goal", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9437": " Norwood received Brad Nort", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9438": " McManus kicked a 33-yard field goal", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9439": " McManus kicked a 33-yard field goal", "56d729180d65d21400198426": " McManus kicked a 33-yard field goal", "56d729180d65d21400198427": " McManus kicked a 33-yard field goal", "56d729180d65d21400198428": " McManus kicked a 33-yard field goal", "56d729180d65d21400198429": " McManus kicked a 33-yard field goal", "56d729180d65d2140019842a": " McManus kicked a 33-yard field goal", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f0": " McManus kicked a 33-yard field goal", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f4": " McManus kicked a 33-yard field goal", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9445": " Trevathan", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9446": " Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart, which linebacker Danny Trev", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9447": " Trevathan", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9448": " DeMarcus Ware", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9449": " DeMarcus Ware", "56d729ec0d65d21400198430": " Trevathan", "56d729ec0d65d21400198431": " Trevathan", "56d729ec0d65d21400198432": " Trevathan", "56d729ec0d65d21400198434": " Trevathan", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb804": " Trevathan", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb805": " Trevathan", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb806": " Trevathan", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb807": " Trevathan", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb808": " DeMarcus Ware", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9455": " Graham Gano hit the uprights", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9456": " Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt. After the miss, Manning", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9457": " Graham Gano hit the uprights", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9458": " McManus' 33-yard field goal", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9459": " Graham Gano hit the uprights", "56d7282f0d65d21400198408": " Graham Gano hit the uprights", "56d7282f0d65d21400198409": " Graham Gano hit the uprights", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840a": " Graham Gano hit the uprights", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840c": " McManus' 33-yard field goal", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80e": " Graham Gano hit the uprights", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80f": " Graham Gano hit the uprights", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb810": " Graham Gano hit the uprights", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb811": " Graham Gano hit the uprights", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c945f": " Funchess and a 12", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9460": " Funchess and a 12", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9461": " Funchess", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9462": " Funchess", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e0": " Funchess", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e1": " Funchess", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e2": " Funchess and a 12", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e4": " Funchess and a 12", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb820": " Funchess and a 12", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb821": " Funchess", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb822": " Funchess and a 12", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb823": " Funchess and a 12", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946d": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946e": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946f": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9470": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9471": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d726b60d65d214001983ea": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d726b60d65d214001983eb": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d726b60d65d214001983ec": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d726b60d65d214001983ed": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d726b60d65d214001983ee": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb832": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb833": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb834": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb835": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb836": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9481": " McManus made all four of his field goals, making him perfect on all 11 attempts during the post-season. Newton", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9482": " Anderson", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9483": " McManus made all four of his field goals, making him perfect on all 11 attempts during the post-season. Newton", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9484": " McManus made all four of his field goals, making him perfect on all 11 attempts during the post-season. Newton", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9485": " Anderson", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f4": "Manning finished the game 13 of 23 for 141 yards with one interception and zero touchdowns. Sanders", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f5": " Sanders", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f6": " Anderson", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f7": " Anderson", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f8": " McManus made all four of his field goals, making him perfect on all 11 attempts during the post-season. Newton", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb842": "Manning", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb843": " McManus made all four of his field goals, making him perfect on all 11 attempts during the post-season. Newton", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb844": " McManus made all four of his field goals, making him perfect on all 11 attempts during the post-season. Newton", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb845": " Anderson", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb846": " McManus made all four of his field goals, making him perfect on all 11 attempts during the post-season. Newton", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948b": " Gary Kubiak became the first head coach to win a Super", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948c": " Gary Kubiak became the first head coach to win a Super", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948d": " Gary Kubiak became the first head coach to win a Super", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948e": " Gary Kubiak became the first head coach to win a Super", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948f": " Gary Kubiak became the first head coach to win a Super", "56d7277c0d65d214001983fe": " Gary Kubiak became the first head coach to win a Super", "56d7277c0d65d214001983ff": " Gary Kubiak became the first head coach to win a Super", "56d7277c0d65d21400198401": " Gary Kubiak became the first head coach to win a Super", "56d7277c0d65d21400198402": " Manning", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84c": " Gary Kubiak became the first head coach to win a Super", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84d": " Gary Kubiak became the first head coach to win a Super", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84e": " Gary Kubiak became the first head coach to win a Super", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84f": " Gary Kubiak became the first head coach to win a Super", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb850": " Gary Kubiak became the first head coach to win a Super", "5733a5f54776f41900660f45": "ka", "5733a5f54776f41900660f48": " 60 km (37 mi) from Warsaw, he moved to the city with his family when he was seven months old. Casimir Pulask", "5733a5f54776f41900660f44": "ka", "5733a5f54776f41900660f46": " W\u0142adys\u0142aw Szpilman and Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chop", "5733a5f54776f41900660f47": " seven months old. Casimir Pulaski", "57336755d058e614000b5a3d": " 15.5 ha", "57336755d058e614000b5a3f": " The Monument of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising is also situated here. The \u0141azienki Park covers the area of 76 ha", "57336755d058e614000b5a3c": " The Monument of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising is also situated here. The \u0141azienki Park covers the area of 76 ha", "57336755d058e614000b5a3e": " 15.5 ha", "57336755d058e614000b5a40": " The Monument of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising is also situated here. The \u0141azienki Park covers the area of 76 ha", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbb": " 15 kilometres", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbc": " 13 natural reserves in Warsaw \u2013 among others, Bielany Forest, Kabaty Woods, Czerniak\u00f3w Lake.", "57337ddc4776f41900660bba": " 15", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbd": " 15 kilometres", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbe": " 15", "57337ea24776f41900660bd0": " 219,000 (around 34% percent). Warsaw's prewar Jewish population of more than 350,", "57337ea24776f41900660bd3": " 638,000, Jews constituted 219,000 (around 34% percent). Warsaw's prewar Jewish population of more than 350,", "57337ea24776f41900660bd2": " Warsaw's prewar Jewish population of more than 350,", "57337ea24776f41900660bd1": " Warsaw's prewar Jewish population of more than 350,", "57337ea24776f41900660bd4": " internal migration and urbanisation", "57339555d058e614000b5df4": "The University of Warsaw", "57339555d058e614000b5df5": " the partitions of Poland separated Warsaw from the oldest and most influential Polish", "57339555d058e614000b5df6": " the partitions of Poland separated Warsaw from the oldest and most influential Polish", "57339555d058e614000b5df3": " 1816", "57339555d058e614000b5df7": "The University of Warsaw", "57339902d058e614000b5e70": " 1816", "57339902d058e614000b5e71": " The building was designed by architects Marek Budzy\u0144ski and Zbigniew Badowski", "57339902d058e614000b5e72": " The building was designed by architects Marek Budzy\u0144ski and Zbign", "57339902d058e614000b5e73": " The building was designed by architects Marek Budzy\u0144ski and Zbigniew Badowski", "57339902d058e614000b5e74": " m2 (107,6", "573399b54776f41900660e64": " Three-Year Plan", "573399b54776f41900660e65": " Three-Year Plan", "573399b54776f41900660e66": " Three-Year Plan", "573399b54776f41900660e67": " Three-Year Plan", "57339a554776f41900660e74": " Warsaw has some of the best medical facilities in Poland and East-Central Europe.", "57339a554776f41900660e75": " Warsaw has some of the best medical facilities in Poland and East-Central Europe.", "57339a554776f41900660e76": " Warsaw has some of the best medical facilities in Poland and East-Central Europe.", "57339a554776f41900660e77": " active research and education center. While the Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Institute of Onc", "57339a554776f41900660e78": " medical facilities in Poland and East-Central Europe.", "57339ad74776f41900660e86": " Philharmonic Hall and the National Theatre, as well as the Roma and Buffo music theatres", "57339ad74776f41900660e87": " Philharmonic Hall and the National Theatre, as well as the Roma and Buffo music theatres", "57339ad74776f41900660e88": " Philharmonic Hall and the National Theatre, as well as the Roma and Buffo music theatres", "57339ad74776f41900660e89": " Philharmonic Hall and the National Theatre, as well as the Roma and Buffo music theatres", "57339ad74776f41900660e8a": " musical", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec5": " the Summer", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec6": " The Wojciech Bogus", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec7": " 1939", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec8": " the theatre complex also included Momus, Warsaw's first literary cab", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec9": " the Summer", "57339dd94776f41900660ecc": " cultural events in Warsaw. The festival traces its roots to a peaceful pagan ritual where maidens would float their wreaths of herbs", "57339dd94776f41900660ecd": " cultural events in Warsaw. The festival traces its roots to a peaceful pagan ritual where maidens would float their wreaths of herbs", "57339dd94776f41900660ece": "\u2019s Night for a festival called Wianki", "57339dd94776f41900660ecf": " The city council organize concerts and other events. Each Midsummer\u2019s Eve, apart from the official floating of wreaths", "57339dd94776f41900660ed0": " The city council organize concerts and other events. Each Mids", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef6": " the world's first Museum of Posters boasting one of the largest collections of art posters in the world, Museum of Hunting", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef7": " the most notable are: the world's first Museum of Posters", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef8": " the world's first Museum of Posters", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef9": " one of the largest collections of art posters in the world, Museum of Hunting and Riding and the Railway", "57339eb9d058e614000b5efa": " the most notable are: the world's first Museum of Posters", "5733a1854776f41900660f0a": " the Warsaw Uprising", "5733a1854776f41900660f0b": " Katy\u0144 Museum which preserves the memory of the crime. The Warsaw Uprising Museum also operates a rare preserved and operating historic stereoscopic theatre", "5733a1854776f41900660f0c": " Katy\u0144 Museum which preserves the memory of the crime. The Warsaw Uprising Museum also operates a rare preserved and operating historic stereoscopic theatre", "5733a1854776f41900660f0d": " the Warsaw Uprising", "5733a1854776f41900660f0e": " Katy\u0144 Museum which preserves the memory of the crime. The Warsaw Uprising Museum also operates a rare preserved and operating historic stereoscopic theatre", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f28": " 17th century Royal Ujazd\u00f3w", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f29": " 500", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2a": " 500", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2b": " 500 projects a year. Zach\u0119ta National Gallery of Art,", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2c": " 500", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f32": " 1946", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f33": "'s home venue is located at Konwiktorska", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f34": "'s home venue is located at Konwiktorska", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f35": "ka", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f36": "'s home venue is located at Konwiktorska", "5733a45d4776f41900660f23": " round seal bordered with the Latin inscription Sigilium Civitatis", "5733a45d4776f41900660f24": " round seal bordered with the Latin inscription Sigilium Civitatis", "5733a45d4776f41900660f25": " round seal bordered with the Latin inscription Sigilium Civitatis", "5733a45d4776f41900660f26": " bordered with the Latin inscription Sigilium Civitatis", "5733a45d4776f41900660f27": " bordered with the Latin inscription Sigilium Civitatis", "5733a560d058e614000b5f77": " The best-known legend, by Artur Opp", "5733a560d058e614000b5f78": " mermaid", "5733a560d058e614000b5f79": " mermaid", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7a": " village of Warszowa", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7b": " legendary figure is not fully known.", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f58": " Art Deco style in painting and art. Nathan Alterman", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f59": " de Lempicka", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5a": " Art Deco style in painting and art. Nathan Alterman", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5b": " the Israeli poet, was born in Warsaw, as was Moshe Vilenski", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5c": " de Lempicka", "573312fcd058e614000b56e6": " the Economist Intelligence Unit ranked Warsaw as the 32", "573312fcd058e614000b56e7": "Alpha\u2013\"", "573312fcd058e614000b56e8": " FMCG", "573312fcd058e614000b56e9": " Frontex", "573312fcd058e614000b56ea": " Frontex, the European Union agency for external border security, has its headquarters in Warsaw", "5733140a4776f419006606e0": " The German invasion in 1939, the massacre of the Jewish population and deportations to concentration camps", "5733140a4776f419006606e1": " The German invasion in 1939, the massacre of the Jewish population and deportations to concentration camps", "5733140a4776f419006606e2": " The German invasion in 1939, the massacre of the Jewish population and deportations to concentration camps", "5733140a4776f419006606e3": " The German invasion in 1939, the massacre of the Jewish population and deportations to concentration camps", "5733140a4776f419006606e4": " The German invasion in 1939, the massacre of the Jewish population and deportations to concentration camps", "573314e3d058e614000b56f0": " the seat of a Roman Catholic archdiocese (left bank of the Vistula", "573314e3d058e614000b56f1": " the seat of a Roman Catholic archdiocese (left bank of the Vistula", "573314e3d058e614000b56f2": " 1980 was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site", "573314e3d058e614000b56f3": " the seat of a Roman Catholic archdiocese (left bank of the Vistula", "573314e3d058e614000b56f4": " the seat of a Roman Catholic archdiocese (left bank of the Vistula", "57332442d058e614000b5720": "'s name in the Polish language is Warszawa", "57332442d058e614000b5721": " miasto sto\u0142eczne Warszawa (English: \"The Capital City of Warsaw\"). A native or resident of Warsaw", "57332442d058e614000b5722": " miasto sto\u0142ecz", "57332442d058e614000b5723": " miasto sto\u0142ecz", "57332442d058e614000b5724": " miasto", "57332562d058e614000b5730": "9th/10th century) and Jazd\u00f3w (12th/13", "57332562d058e614000b5731": "9th/10th century) and Jazd\u00f3w (12th/13", "57332562d058e614000b5732": "9th/10th century) and Jazd\u00f3w (12th/13", "57332562d058e614000b5733": "9th/10th century) and Jazd\u00f3w (12th/13", "57332562d058e614000b5734": "9th/10th century) and Jazd\u00f3w (12th/13", "5733266d4776f41900660712": "29, Warsaw for the first time became the seat of the General Sejm", "5733266d4776f41900660713": "Lithuanian Commonwealth. Due to its central location between the Commonwealth's capitals of Krak\u00f3w and Vil", "5733266d4776f41900660714": "Lithuanian Commonwealth. Due to its central location between the Commonwealth's capitals of Krak\u00f3w and Vil", "5733266d4776f41900660715": " the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland when King Sigismund III Vasa moved his court from Krak\u00f3w to Warsaw", "5733266d4776f41900660716": " Vilnius, Warsaw became the capital of the Commonwealth and the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland when King Sigismund III V", "57332a734776f41900660726": "Warsaw remained the capital of the Polish\u2013L", "57332a734776f41900660727": " the Kingdom of Prussia to become the capital of the province of South Prussia. Liberated by Napoleon's army in 1806", "57332a734776f41900660728": " Napoleon's army in 1806", "57332a734776f41900660729": "Lithuanian Commonwealth", "57332a734776f4190066072a": "Lithuanian Commonwealth", "57332b66d058e614000b5758": " The Allied Armistice terms required in Article 12 that Germany withdraw from areas controlled by Russia in 1914, which included Warsaw.", "57332b66d058e614000b5759": " Pi\u0142sudski", "57332b66d058e614000b575a": " The Allied Armistice terms required in Article 12 that Germany withdraw from areas controlled by Russia in 1914, which included Warsaw.", "57332b66d058e614000b575b": " The Allied Armistice terms required in Article 12 that Germany withdraw from areas controlled by Russia in 1914, which included Warsaw.", "57332b66d058e614000b575c": " Pi\u0142sudski", "57332c1e4776f4190066073a": " September 1939 began the Second World", "57332c1e4776f4190066073b": " September 1939 began the Second World", "57332c1e4776f4190066073c": " September 1939 began the Second World", "57332c1e4776f4190066073d": " \"Final Solution\" on 19 April 1943, Jewish fighters launched the Warsaw G", "57332c1e4776f4190066073e": " \"Final Solution\" on 19 April 1943, Jewish fighters launched the Warsaw G", "57332e48d058e614000b5762": " the Red Army was deep into Polish territory and pursuing the Germans toward Warsaw", "57332e48d058e614000b5763": " Warsaw Uprising", "57332e48d058e614000b5764": " the Red Army was deep into Polish territory and pursuing the Germans toward Warsaw. Knowing that Stalin was hostile to the idea of an independent Poland", "57332e48d058e614000b5765": " the Red Army was deep into Polish territory and pursuing the Germans toward Warsaw.", "57332e48d058e614000b5766": " civilian deaths are estimated at between 150,000 and 200,", "57332f81d058e614000b5776": " the \"Bricks for Warsaw\" campaign was initiated, and large prefabricated housing projects", "57332f81d058e614000b5777": " the \"Bricks for Warsaw\" campaign was initiated, and large prefabricated housing projects were erected in Warsaw", "57332f81d058e614000b5778": " the \"Bricks for Warsaw\" campaign was initiated, and large prefabricated housing projects", "57332f81d058e614000b5779": " the \"Bricks for Warsaw\" campaign was initiated, and large prefabricated housing projects", "57332f81d058e614000b577a": " the \"Bricks for Warsaw\" campaign was initiated, and large prefabricated housing projects were erected in Warsaw", "573330444776f41900660758": "John Paul II", "573330444776f41900660759": "communist fervor there. In 1979, less than a year after becoming pope, John Paul celebrated Mass in Victory Square", "573330444776f4190066075a": " 1979 and 1983 brought support to the budding solidarity movement and encouraged the growing anti-communist fervor", "573330444776f4190066075b": " 1979, less than a year after becoming pope, John Paul celebrated Mass in Victory Square", "573330444776f4190066075c": " 1979, less than a year after becoming pope, John Paul celebrated Mass in Victory Square", "5733314e4776f4190066076a": "Warsaw", "5733314e4776f4190066076b": "Warsaw", "5733314e4776f4190066076c": " 523 km (325 mi) east of Berlin, Germany. The city straddles the Vistula River. It is", "5733314e4776f4190066076d": " 300", "5733314e4776f4190066076e": " 300 km (190 mi) from the Carpathian", "57335c20d058e614000b58f9": "Warsaw", "57335c20d058e614000b58fa": " Warsaw", "57335c20d058e614000b58fc": "10 to 25 m (32.8 to", "57335c20d058e614000b58fb": " its asymmetrical pattern of different terraces. The Vistula River is the specific axis of Warsaw", "57335c20d058e614000b58fd": " Warsaw Escarpment", "57335ddbd058e614000b592f": " Aeolian sand with a number of dunes parted by peat swamps or small ponds", "57335ddbd058e614000b5930": " Vistula old \u2013 riverbed. They consist of still quite natural streams and lakes as well as the pattern of drainage ditches", "57335ddbd058e614000b5931": " the Vistula old \u2013 riverbed. They consist of still quite natural streams and lakes as well as the pattern of drainage ditches", "57335ddbd058e614000b5932": " escarpment. Aeolian sand with a number of d", "57335ddbd058e614000b5933": " Aeolian sand with a number of dunes parted by peat swamps or small ponds", "57335fcad058e614000b5970": "Warsaw's mixture of architectural styles reflects the turbulent history of the city and country. During the Second World", "57335fcad058e614000b5971": "Warsaw's mixture of architectural styles reflects the turbulent history of the city and country. During the Second World", "57335fcad058e614000b5972": "Warsaw's mixture of architectural styles reflects the turbulent history of the city and country. During the Second World", "57335fcad058e614000b5973": "Warsaw's mixture of architectural styles reflects the turbulent history of the city and country. During the Second World", "57335fcad058e614000b5974": " the turbulent history of the city and country. During the Second World", "573361404776f4190066093c": " The most significant buildings are St. John's Cathedral (14th century), the temple is a typical example of the so-", "573361404776f4190066093d": "14th century), the temple is a typical example of the so-", "573361404776f4190066093e": " The most significant buildings are St. John's Cathedral (14th century), the temple is a typical example of the so-", "573361404776f4190066093f": " The most significant buildings are St. John's Cathedral (14th century), the temple is a typical example of the so-", "573361404776f41900660940": " The most significant buildings are St. John's Cathedral (14th century), the temple is a typical example of the so-", "573362b94776f41900660974": " economic growth during the first years of Congress Poland caused a rapid rise architecture", "573362b94776f41900660975": " noble palaces and churches", "573362b94776f41900660976": " noble palaces and churches", "573362b94776f41900660977": " neoclassical architecture in Warsaw can be described by the simplicity of the geometrical forms", "573362b94776f41900660978": " noble palaces and churches", "5733638fd058e614000b59e8": " bourgeois architecture of the later periods were not restored by the communist authorities after the war (like mentioned Kronenberg Palace and Insurance Company", "5733638fd058e614000b59e9": " bourgeois architecture of the later periods were not restored by the communist authorities after the war (like mentioned Kronenberg", "5733638fd058e614000b59ea": " not restored by the communist authorities after the war (like mentioned Kronenberg Palace and Insurance Company Rosja building) or they were rebuilt in socialist realism", "5733638fd058e614000b59eb": " bourgeois architecture of the later periods were not restored by the communist authorities after the war (like mentioned Kronenberg", "5733638fd058e614000b59ec": " not restored by the communist authorities after the war (like mentioned Kronenberg Palace and Insurance Company Rosja building) or they were rebuilt in socialist realism", "5733647e4776f419006609ae": " Mausoleum of Memory of Martyrdom and the museum, is only the beginning of a walk in the traces of Heroic City", "5733647e4776f419006609af": " the impressive Warsaw Uprising Monument by Wincenty Ku\u0107ma", "5733647e4776f419006609b0": " Heroic City. The Warsaw Citadel, an impressive 19th-century fortification built after the defeat of the November U", "5733647e4776f419006609b1": " heroic history of Warsaw.", "5733647e4776f419006609b2": " Mausoleum of Memory of Martyrdom", "573368044776f41900660a29": " Pole Mokotowskie (a big park in the northern Mokot\u00f3w, where was the first horse racetr", "573368044776f41900660a2a": " the Botanic Garden and the University Library garden", "573368044776f41900660a2b": " Pole Mokotowskie (a big park in the northern Mokot\u00f3w, where was the first horse racetr", "573368044776f41900660a2c": " Pole Mokotowskie (a big park in the northern Mokot\u00f3w, where was the first horse racetr", "573368044776f41900660a2d": " 1865\u20131871 and designed by Jan Dobrowolski", "573368e54776f41900660a53": " The species richness is mainly due to the location of Warsaw within the border region of several big floral", "573368e54776f41900660a54": " the remaining part of the Masovian Primeval Forest. Bielany Forest nature reserve", "573368e54776f41900660a55": "val Forest. Bielany Forest nature reserve", "573368e54776f41900660a56": " The species richness is mainly due to the location of Warsaw within the border region of several big floral", "573368e54776f41900660a57": " The species richness is mainly due to the location of Warsaw within the border region of several big floral", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcb": " 420,000", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcc": " 420,000", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcd": " The first remedial measure was the Warsaw area enlargement", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bce": " no limitations to residency registration", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcf": " residency registration", "57338007d058e614000b5bda": " 281,754 Jews (36.9%), 18,189 Protestants (2.4%) and 2", "57338007d058e614000b5bdb": " 711,988 inhabitants 56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8", "57338007d058e614000b5bdc": " 711,988 inhabitants 56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8", "57338007d058e614000b5bdd": " 711,988 inhabitants 56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8", "57338007d058e614000b5bde": " 281,754 Jews (36.9%), 18,189 Protestants (2.4%) and 2", "573380e0d058e614000b5be9": " the city charter", "573380e0d058e614000b5bea": " the city charter", "573380e0d058e614000b5beb": " the city charter", "57338160d058e614000b5bf9": " Miasta), which comprises 60 members. Council members are elected directly every four years.", "57338160d058e614000b5bfa": " 60 members. Council members are elected directly every four years.", "57338160d058e614000b5bfb": " Miasta), which comprises 60 members. Council members are elected directly every four years.", "57338160d058e614000b5bfc": "ative power in Warsaw is vested in a unicameral Warsaw", "57338160d058e614000b5bfd": "ative power in Warsaw is vested in a unicameral Warsaw", "57338255d058e614000b5c0d": " the mayors of bigger cities are called presidents \u2013 i.e. such cities, which have over 100,", "57338255d058e614000b5c0e": " the mayors of bigger cities are called presidents \u2013 i.e. such cities, which have over 100,", "57338255d058e614000b5c0f": " The first Warsaw President was Jan Andrzej Menich", "57338255d058e614000b5c10": " the mayors of bigger cities are called presidents \u2013 i.e. such cities, which have over 100,", "57338255d058e614000b5c11": " the mayors of bigger cities are called presidents \u2013 i.e. such cities, which have over 100,", "573382d24776f41900660c37": " the city. Warsaw's ever-growing business community has been noticed globally, regionally, and nationally. MasterCard Emerging Market", "573382d24776f41900660c38": " the city. Warsaw's ever-growing business community has been noticed globally, regionally, and nationally. MasterCard Emerging Market", "573382d24776f41900660c39": " the city. Warsaw's ever-growing business community has been noticed globally, regionally, and nationally. MasterCard Emerging Market", "573382d24776f41900660c3a": " the city. Warsaw's ever-growing business community has been noticed globally, regionally, and nationally. MasterCard Emerging Market", "573382d24776f41900660c3b": " the city. Warsaw's ever-growing business community has been noticed globally, regionally, and nationally. MasterCard Emerging Market", "5733834ed058e614000b5c26": "Warsaw's first stock", "5733834ed058e614000b5c27": " 374 companies listed and total capitalization of 162 584 m", "5733834ed058e614000b5c28": " the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) is, according", "5733834ed058e614000b5c29": " 374 companies listed and total capitalization of 162 584 m", "5733834ed058e614000b5c2a": " the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) is, according", "573383d0d058e614000b5c35": " Daewoo", "573383d0d058e614000b5c36": " Daewoo", "573383d0d058e614000b5c37": " Daewoo", "573383d0d058e614000b5c38": " Daewoo", "573383d0d058e614000b5c39": " Daewoo", "573166ede6313a140071cef2": " the capital and largest city of Poland. It stands on the Vistula River in east-central Poland, roughly 260", "573166ede6313a140071cef3": " the capital and largest city of Poland. It stands on the Vistula River in east-central Poland, roughly 260", "573166ede6313a140071cef4": " the capital and largest city of Poland. It stands on the Vistula River in east-central Poland, roughly 260", "573166ede6313a140071cef5": " the capital and largest city of Poland. It stands on the Vistula River in east-central Poland, roughly 260", "573166ede6313a140071cef6": " the capital and largest city of Poland. It stands on the Vistula River in east-central Poland, roughly 260", "5732b6b5328d981900602021": " the capital and largest city of Poland. It stands on the Vistula River in east-central Poland, roughly 260", "5732b6b5328d981900602022": " the capital and largest city of Poland. It stands on the Vistula River in east-central Poland, roughly 260", "5732b6b5328d981900602023": "Warsaw", "5732b6b5328d981900602024": " the capital and largest city of Poland. It stands on the Vistula River in east-central Poland, roughly 260", "5732b6b5328d981900602025": " the capital and largest city of Poland. It stands on the Vistula River in east-central Poland, roughly 260", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9628": "The Normans", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9629": " fealty to King Charles III of West Francia. Through generations of assimilation and mixing with the native Frankish", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962a": " fealty to King Charles III of West Francia. Through generations of assimilation and mixing with the native Frankish", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962b": " fealty to King Charles III of West Francia. Through generations of assimilation and mixing with the native Frankish", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962c": " fealty to King Charles III of West Francia. Through generations of assimilation and mixing with the native Frankish", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad5f": " Crusader states of the Near East, where their prince Bohemond I founded the Principality of Antioch", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad60": " Crusader states of the Near East, where their prince Bohemond I founded the Principality of Antioch", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad61": " Crusader states of the Near East, where their prince Bohemond I founded the Principality of Antioch", "56dde0379a695914005b9636": "The English name \"Normans\" comes from the French words Normans/Normanz", "56dde0379a695914005b9637": "The English name \"Normans\" comes from the French words Normans/Normanz", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad75": " The territory was roughly equivalent to the old province of Rouen", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad76": " The territory was roughly equivalent to the old province of Rouen", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad77": " The territory was roughly equivalent to the old province of Rouen", "56dde1d966d3e219004dad8d": " Normandy", "56dde27d9a695914005b9651": " langue d'o\u00efl", "56dde27d9a695914005b9652": " langue d'o\u00efl", "56dde2fa66d3e219004dad9b": " 1066 Normandy had been exporting fighting horsemen for more", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9660": "istic bands of Normans", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9661": "the Mezzogiorno). Probably as the result of returning pilgrims' stories, the Normans entered the Me", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9662": "the Mezzogiorno). Probably as the result of returning pilgrims' stories, the Normans entered the Me", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b595": "dux et magister Italia", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b596": "dux et magister Italia", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59a": " the Normans eventually captured Sicily and Malta", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59b": " the Normans eventually captured Sicily and Malta", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59c": " the Normans eventually captured Sicily and Malta", "56de0ed14396321400ee2579": " Sicilian", "56de0ed14396321400ee257a": " Sicilian populations living in harmony, and its Norman rulers fostered plans of establishing an Empire that would have encomp", "56de0ed14396321400ee257b": " Sicilian populations living in harmony, and its Norman rulers fostered plans of establishing an Empire that would have encomp", "56de0f6a4396321400ee257f": " the Byzantine Empire and then Armenia", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258d": " Trebizond and Georgia. They were based at Malatya and Edessa", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258e": " Trebizond and Georgia. They were based at Malatya and Edessa", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258f": " Trebizond and Georgia. They were based at Malatya and Edessa", "56de10b44396321400ee2593": " Armenian state further south in Cilicia and the Taurus", "56de10b44396321400ee2594": " Armenian state further south in Cilicia and the Taurus", "56de10b44396321400ee2595": " Armenian state further south in Cilicia and the Taurus", "56de11154396321400ee25aa": " Comnenian Restoration, when Byzantine emperors were seeking out western European warriors. The Raoulii were descended from an Italo-Norman", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bc": " the consent of pope Gregory VII and acting as his vassal, Robert continued his campaign conquering the Balkan peninsula as a foothold for western feudal lords", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bd": " Venetian fleet had secured a victory in the coast surrounding the city. Forced to retreat", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5be": " Guiscard", "56de15104396321400ee25b7": " The lack of supplies, disease and Byzantine resistance forced Bohemond to retreat from his campaign and sign a peace treaty with the Byzantines", "56de15104396321400ee25b8": " the Albanians sided with the Normans, dissatisfied by the heavy taxes the Byzantines", "56de15104396321400ee25b9": " the Albanians sided with the Normans", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c2": "The further decline of Byzantine state-of-affairs", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c3": " 1185", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c4": "The further decline of Byzantine state-of-affairs", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c8": "The Normans", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c9": "The Normans", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5ca": " Normandy", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5cb": "The Normans", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d0": " 1041, at the invitation of his half-brother Harthacnut, he brought with him a Norman", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d1": " Confessor", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d2": " Confessor", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c5": " Duke William II of Normandy conquered England killing King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c6": " Duke William II of Normandy conquered England killing King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c7": " 1066, Duke William II of Normandy conquered England killing King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c8": " 1066, Duke William II of Normandy conquered England killing King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings", "56de1728cffd8e1900b4b5d7": "orman language became distinct from the Latin", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5da": " The Normans settled mostly in an area in the east of Ireland", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5db": " The Normans settled mostly in an area in the east of Ireland", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5dc": " The Normans settled mostly in an area in the east of Ireland", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e0": " Atheling, eventually fled to Scotland", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e1": " Atheling, eventually fled to Scotland", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e2": " Atheling, eventually fled to Scotland", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e3": " Atheling, eventually fled to Scotland", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6be": "Normans", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6bf": "ans", "56de3d594396321400ee26ca": " the Normans had come into contact with Wales. Edward the Confessor", "56de3d594396321400ee26cb": " Ralph as earl of Hereford and charged him with defending the Marches and warring with the Welsh", "56de3d594396321400ee26cc": " the Normans had come into contact with Wales. Edward the Confessor", "56de3dbacffd8e1900b4b6d2": " Norman words, such", "56de3e414396321400ee26d8": " 1018, Roger de Tos", "56de3e414396321400ee26d9": "The legendary religious zeal of the Normans was exercised in religious wars long before the First Crusade carved out a Norman principality", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e6": " 1096, Crusaders passing by the siege of Amalfi", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e7": " an army of Italo-Normans. Bohemond was the de facto leader of the Crusade", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e8": " 1096, Crusaders passing by the siege of Amalfi", "56de3efccffd8e1900b4b6fe": "The conquest of Cyprus by the Anglo-Norman forces of the Third Crusade", "56de3f784396321400ee26fa": " 1191 Richard the Lion-hearted left Messina with a large fleet in order to reach Acre", "56de3f784396321400ee26fb": " 1191 Richard the Lion-hearted left Messina with a large fleet in order to reach Acre", "56de3f784396321400ee26fc": " April 119", "56de3f784396321400ee26fd": "-hearted", "56de40da4396321400ee2708": " Guy de Lusignan. All declared their support for Richard provided that he support Guy against his rival Conrad", "56de40da4396321400ee2709": " Guy de Lusignan. All declared their support for Richard provided that he support Guy against his rival Conrad", "56de40da4396321400ee270a": " Limassol", "56de41504396321400ee2714": " Limassol", "56de41504396321400ee2715": " coronation: Richard caused himself to be crowned King of Cyprus, and Bere", "56de41504396321400ee2716": " double coronation: Richard caused himself to be crowned King of Cyprus, and Bere", "56de48f34396321400ee2770": " Christian stronghold until the fall of Famagusta", "56de48f34396321400ee2771": " Venetians acquired full control of the island, which remained a Christian stronghold until the fall of Famagusta", "56de49564396321400ee277a": " the expedition led by the Norman noble Jean de Bethencourt and the Poitevine Gadifer", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a7": "court", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a8": " King of the Canary Islands", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a9": "court", "56de4a474396321400ee2786": "The customary law of Normandy was developed between the 10th and 13th centuries and survives today through the legal systems of Jersey and Gu", "56de4a474396321400ee2787": "The customary law of Normandy was developed between the 10th and 13", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7bd": " the encastellation of these regions with keeps in their north French style fundamentally altered the military landscape.", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7be": " unique Romanesque", "56de4b074396321400ee2793": " the period of Norman architecture immediately succeeds that of the Anglo-Saxon and precedes the Early Gothic", "56de4b074396321400ee2794": " the period of Norman architecture immediately succeeds that of the Anglo-Saxon and precedes the Early Gothic", "56de4b074396321400ee2795": " the period of Norman architecture immediately succeeds that of the Anglo-Saxon and precedes the Early Gothic", "56de4b5c4396321400ee2799": " rich and distinctive traditions of the cultures they conquered. However, in the early 11th century the dukes began a programme of church reform", "56de4b5c4396321400ee279a": " rich and distinctive traditions of the cultures they conquered. However, in the early 11th century the dukes began a programme of church reform", "56de4bb84396321400ee27a2": "The French Wars of Religion", "56de4c324396321400ee27ab": " Norman art is the Bayeux Tap", "56de4c324396321400ee27ac": " Tap", "56de4c324396321400ee27ad": " tapest", "56de51244396321400ee27ef": " stonework or metalwork, such as capitals and baptismal fonts.", "56de51c64396321400ee27f7": "andy", "56de51c64396321400ee27f8": " pitch representation in English- and German-speaking countries today. Also at F", "56de52614396321400ee27fb": " Normandy. Under the Norman abbot Robert de Grantmesnil, several monks of Saint-Evroul fled to southern Italy", "56de52614396321400ee27fc": " Latin monastery at Sant'Eufemia", "56de52614396321400ee27fd": " Latin monastery at Sant'Eufemia", "56de52614396321400ee27fe": " the choir achieved fame in Normandy", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f6": " 10 July 18", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f8": " 10 July 18", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f9": " 10 July", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b7": " 10 July 18", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b8": " 10 July", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b9": " 10 July", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6bb": " Tesla", "56df9ee138dc421700152108": " 1884", "56df9ee138dc421700152109": " Tesla", "56df9ee138dc42170015210a": " financial backers, setting up laboratories and companies to develop a range of electrical devices. His patented AC induction motor and transformer were licensed by George Westinghouse", "56df9ee138dc42170015210b": " 1884", "56df9ee138dc42170015210c": " 1884", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c1": " 1884", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c2": " Tesla", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c3": " 1884", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c4": " Tesla", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c5": " Tesla", "56dfa01738dc42170015211d": " wireless lighting and electricity", "56dfa01738dc42170015211e": " wireless lighting and electricity", "56dfa01738dc42170015211f": "Tesla went on to pursue his ideas of wireless lighting and electricity", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35b": "Tesla went on to pursue his ideas of wireless lighting and electricity", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35c": "Tesla went on to pursue his ideas of wireless lighting and electricity", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35d": "Tesla went on to pursue his ideas of wireless lighting and electricity", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35e": " Wardenclyffe Tower project", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb7": " Tesla died on 7 January 1943", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb8": " magnetic", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb9": " magnetic", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebba": " magnetic", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cb": " magnetic", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cc": " Tesla died on 7 January 1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cd": " magnetic flux", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6ce": " magnetic", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cf": " magnetic", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc1": " 1856", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc2": " 1856", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc3": " 28 June] 1856", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc4": " 1856", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36b": " 1856", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36c": " 1856", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36d": " 1856", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36e": " 1856", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36f": " 1856", "56dfa1d34a1a83140091ebd4": " Dane and three sisters, Milka, Angelina and Marica. Dane was killed in a horse-riding accident when Nikola", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd6": "Tesla", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd7": " Tesla family moved to Gospi", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac375": " Dane and three sisters, Milka, Angelina and Marica. Dane was killed in a horse-riding accident when Nikola", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac376": " Dane and three sisters, Milka, Angelina and Marica. Dane was killed in a horse-riding accident when Nikola", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac377": " Dane and three sisters, Milka, Angelina and Marica. Dane was killed in a horse-riding accident when Nikola", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac378": " Dane and three sisters, Milka, Angelina and Marica. Dane was killed in a horse-riding accident when Nikola", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac379": " Dane and three sisters, Milka, Angelina and Marica. Dane was killed in a horse-riding accident when Nikola", "56dfa24a38dc421700152142": " Tesla moved to Karlovac", "56dfa24a38dc421700152143": " Tesla moved to Karlovac", "56dfa24a38dc421700152144": " Tesla", "56dfa24a38dc421700152145": " Tesla moved to Karlovac", "56dfa24a38dc421700152146": " 1870, Tesla moved to Karlovac, to attend school at the Higher Real Gymnas", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d5": " 1870, Tesla moved to Karlovac", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d6": " Tesla moved to Karlovac", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d7": " Tesla moved to Karlovac", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d8": " Tesla moved to Karlovac", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d9": " 1873", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf2": " Sm", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf3": " Tesla", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf4": " Tesla", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf5": " Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera; he was bedridden for nine months and was near death multiple times. Tesla", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf6": " Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera; he was bedridden for nine months and was near death multiple times. Tesla", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6df": " 1873, Tesla returned to his birthtown, Smiljan", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e0": " Tesla", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e1": " Tesla", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e2": " Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera; he was bedridden for nine months and was near death", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e3": " Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera; he was bedridden for nine months and was near death multiple times. Tesla", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfc": " 1874, Tesla evaded being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfd": "-Hungarian Army", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfe": " Tesla", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebff": "-Hungarian Army", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ec00": " Tesla", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac389": "-Hungarian Army", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38a": "-Hungarian Army in Smiljan by running away to Tomingaj", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38b": " Tesla evaded being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army in Smiljan by running away to Tomingaj", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38c": " Tesla", "56dfa3c338dc421700152154": " 1875, Tesla", "56dfa3c338dc421700152155": " Tesla", "56dfa3c338dc421700152156": " 1875, Tesla enrolled at Austrian Polytechnic in Graz", "56dfa3c338dc421700152157": " Tesla claimed that he worked from 3 a.", "56dfa3c338dc421700152158": " Tesla claimed that he worked from 3 a.", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ab": " Tesla enrolled at Austrian Polytechn", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ac": " Tesla enrolled at Austrian Polytechn", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ad": " Tesla claimed that he worked from 3 a.", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ae": " Tesla claimed that he worked from 3 a.", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3af": " Tesla claimed that he worked from 3 a.", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfa9": " Tesla left Graz", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfaa": " Graz", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfab": " Tesla", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfac": " Tesla left Graz", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfad": " Tesla", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e717": " Mur River", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e718": " Tesla left Graz", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e719": " Tesla", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71a": " Tesla", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71b": " Tesla left Graz", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbd": " Tesla was returned to G", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbe": " Tesla was returned to G", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbf": " 60", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc0": "in Tesla died at the age of 60", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc1": " Tesla", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3bf": " Tesla was returned to Gospi", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c0": " Tesla was returned to Gospi", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c1": " Tesla was returned to Gospi", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c2": " Tesla was returned to Gospi\u0107 under police guard for not having a residence", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5b": " Gospi\u0107 for Prague", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5c": " Tesla", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5e": " Gospi\u0107 for Prague", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5f": " Gospi\u0107 for Prague", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c7": "\u0107 for Prague", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c8": " Gospi\u0107 for Prague", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c9": " Charles-Ferdinand University; he never studied Greek, a required subject; and he was illiterate in Czech, another required subject. Tesla", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3ca": " Tesla", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc7": " Budapest", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc8": " Tesla moved to Budapest", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc9": " Budapest", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfca": " electrician position. During his employment, Tesla made many improvements to the Central Station equipment and claimed to have perfected a telephone repeater", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfcb": " Budapest", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fc": " 1881, Tesla moved to Budapest", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fd": " Tesla moved to Budapest", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fe": " Tesla moved to Budapest", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3ff": " Tesla", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc83": " Tesla", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc84": " Tesla", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc85": " Continental Edison", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc86": " Continental Edison", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc87": " Continental Edison", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e769": " Continental Edison Company", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76a": " Tesla", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76b": " Continental Edison", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76c": " Continental Edison", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76d": " Continental Edison Company", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00d": " 18", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00e": " US", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e010": " 18", "56e0d6367aa994140058e773": " 18", "56e0d6367aa994140058e774": " US", "56e0d6367aa994140058e775": " US", "56dfb5777aa994140058e021": " Tesla Electric", "56dfb5777aa994140058e022": " Tesla Electric", "56dfb5777aa994140058e023": " Tesla", "56dfb5777aa994140058e024": " Tesla", "56dfb5777aa994140058e025": " Tesla Electric", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac420": " Tesla Electric", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac421": " Tesla Electric", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac422": " Tesla", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac423": " Tesla", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac424": " Tesla", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb5": " electrical utility than invent new systems. They eventually forced Tesla out leaving him penniless", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb6": "The investors showed little interest in Tesla", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb8": "The investors showed little interest in Tesla", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb9": "The investors showed little interest in Tesla", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42b": "The investors showed little interest in Tesla's ideas for new types of motors and electrical transmission", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42c": "The investors showed little interest in Tesla", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42d": " electrical repair jobs and even as a ditch digger", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc0": " Electric Company with an agreement that profits from generated patents would go \u2153 to Tesla, \u2153 to Peck and Brown, and \u2153", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc1": " Tesla Electric Company with an agreement that profits from generated patents would go \u2153 to Tesla, \u2153 to Peck and Brown, and \u2153", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc2": " Electric Company with an agreement that profits from generated patents would go \u2153 to Tesla, \u2153 to Peck and Brown, and \u2153", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc3": " Electric Company with an agreement that profits from generated patents would go \u2153 to Tesla, \u2153 to Peck and Brown, and \u2153", "56e0d810231d4119001ac432": " Electric Company with an agreement that profits from generated patents would go \u2153 to Tesla, \u2153 to Peck and Brown, and \u2153", "56e0d810231d4119001ac433": " Electric Company with an agreement that profits from generated patents would go \u2153 to Tesla, \u2153 to Peck and Brown, and \u2153", "56e0d810231d4119001ac434": " Electric Company with an agreement that profits from generated patents would go \u2153 to Tesla, \u2153 to Peck and Brown, and \u2153", "56e0d810231d4119001ac435": " Electric Company with an agreement that profits from generated patents would go \u2153 to Tesla, \u2153 to Peck and Brown, and \u2153", "56e0d810231d4119001ac436": " Electric Company with an agreement that profits from generated patents would go \u2153 to Tesla, \u2153 to Peck and Brown, and \u2153", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e053": " magnetic", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e054": " 1887 was an induction motor that ran on alternating current", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e055": " 1882). This innovative electric motor, patented in May 1888, was a simple self-starting design that did not need a commutator", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e056": " 1887 was an induction motor that ran on alternating current", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e057": " magnetic", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43c": " 1887 was an induction motor that ran on alternating current", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43d": " magnetic", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43e": " 1887 was an induction motor that ran on alternating current", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43f": " magnetic", "56e057e1231d4119001ac043": " Electrical World magazine, Thomas Com", "56e057e1231d4119001ac044": " Electrical World magazine, Thomas Commerford Martin (a friend and publicist), arranged for Tesla to demonstrate his alternating current system, including his induction", "56e057e1231d4119001ac045": " 1888", "56e057e1231d4119001ac046": " Electric & Manufacturing Company reported to George Westing", "56e057e1231d4119001ac047": " Electrical World magazine, Thomas Commerford Martin (a friend and publicist), arranged for Tesla to demonstrate his alternating current system, including his induction", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e779": " AC motor and related power system \u2014 something for which Westinghouse had been trying to secure patents. Westing", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77a": " magnetic", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77b": " the editor of Electrical World magazine, Thomas Commerford Martin (a friend and publicist), arranged for Tesla to demonstrate his alternating current", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77c": " the editor of Electrical World magazine, Thomas Commerford Martin", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77d": " induction motor, at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (now IEEE). Engineers working for the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company reported to George Westing", "56e05900231d4119001ac04d": " 1888", "56e05900231d4119001ac04e": " Brown and Peck negotiated a licensing deal with George Westinghouse for Tesla's polyphase induction motor and transformer", "56e05900231d4119001ac04f": " Brown and Peck negotiated a licensing deal with George Westinghouse for Tesla", "56e05900231d4119001ac051": " Brown and Peck negotiated a licensing deal with George Westing", "56e0dc667aa994140058e783": " Brown and Peck negotiated a licensing deal with George Westinghouse for Tesla's polyphase induction motor and transformer", "56e0dc667aa994140058e784": " Tesla", "56e0dc667aa994140058e785": " Brown and Peck negotiated a licensing deal with George Westinghouse for Tesla", "56e0dc667aa994140058e786": " Brown and Peck negotiated a licensing deal with George Westinghouse for Tesla's polyphase induction motor and transformer", "56e059c8231d4119001ac057": " AC power. Between them, they settled on a 60-cycle AC current system Tesla", "56e059c8231d4119001ac058": " AC power. Between them, they settled on a 60-cycle AC current system Tesla", "56e059c8231d4119001ac059": " traction motor", "56e059c8231d4119001ac05a": " traction motor", "56e0e518231d4119001ac444": " traction motor", "56e0e518231d4119001ac445": " traction motor", "56e05a78231d4119001ac062": "AC\" side of the so-", "56e05a78231d4119001ac063": "AC\" side of the so-", "56e05a78231d4119001ac064": "AC\" side of the so-", "56e05a78231d4119001ac065": "AC\" side of the so-", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78b": "AC\" side of the so-", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78c": "AC\" side of the so-", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78d": "AC\" side of the so-", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78e": " induction motor and Westinghouse's subsequent licensing of the patent, both in 1888, put Tesla firmly on the \"AC\" side of the so-", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78f": "AC\" side of the so-", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cd": " 1893 World's Columbian Ex", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1ce": " 1893 World's Columbian Ex", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cf": " 1893, George Westing", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d0": "76", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d1": "76 included using high-voltage, high-frequency alternating current to light a wireless gas-dis", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d5": " George Westinghouse", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d6": " 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago with alternating current, beating out a General Electric", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d7": " 1893, George Westinghouse", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d8": " 1893, George Westing", "56e0812c231d4119001ac213": " Tesla", "56e0812c231d4119001ac214": " Dean Adams", "56e0812c231d4119001ac215": " 1893 Richard Dean Adams", "56e0812c231d4119001ac216": " Tesla", "56e0812c231d4119001ac217": " Dean Adams", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac459": " 1893 Richard Dean Adams", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45a": " Tesla", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45b": " US and European companies including two-phase and three-phase AC, high-voltage DC, and even compressed air. Adams", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45c": " 1893 Richard Dean Adams", "56e089ab231d4119001ac285": " 1896", "56e089ab231d4119001ac287": ". Morgan, involved in takeover attempts and patent battles with Westinghouse Electric", "56e089ab231d4119001ac288": " alternating current's rapid gain in popularity, had turned out to be an overly generous $2.50 per AC horsepower", "56e089ab231d4119001ac289": " Tesla in stark terms, saying that if things continue the way they were he would no", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac462": ". P. Morgan, involved in takeover attempts and patent battles with Westinghouse Electric", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac463": " Tesla", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac464": " Westinghouse Electric", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5da": " Tesla", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5db": " 46", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dc": " Tesla", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dd": " Tesla", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac468": " Tesla", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac469": " Tesla", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46a": " 46", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46b": " 46", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac299": "Tesla served as a vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29a": "Tesla", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29d": "Tesla served as a vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers", "56e0f019231d4119001ac470": " 1892 to 18", "56e0f019231d4119001ac471": " 1892 to 18", "56e0f019231d4119001ac472": "Tesla", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a4": " radiant", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a5": " radiant energy", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a6": " Tesla began investigating what he referred to as radiant energy", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a7": " radiant energy", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c8": "Roentgen rays\" or \"X-Rays\").", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c9": " Tesla", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4ca": " radiant energy", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cb": " radiant energy", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cc": " radiant energy", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ad": " bremsstrahlung or braking radiation", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ae": " bremsstrahlung or braking radiation", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2af": " bremsstrahlung or braking radiation", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b0": " bremsstrahlung or braking radiation", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b1": " bremsstrahlung or braking radiation", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d4": " bremsstrahlung or braking radiation", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d5": " bremsstrahlung or braking radiation", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d6": " bremsstrahlung or braking radiation", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b7": " Roentgen rays, but by the ozone generated in contact with the skin, and to a lesser extent, by nitrous acid", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b8": " Roentgen rays, but by the ozone generated in contact with the skin, and to a lesser extent, by nitrous acid", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b9": " Roentgen rays, but by the ozone generated in contact with the skin, and to a lesser extent, by nitrous acid", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2ba": " Roentgen rays, but by the ozone generated in contact with the skin, and to a lesser extent, by nitrous acid", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2bb": " Roentgen rays, but by the ozone generated in contact with the skin, and to a lesser extent, by nitrous acid", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ee": " Roentgen rays, but by the ozone generated in contact with the skin, and to a lesser extent, by nitrous acid", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ef": " longitudinal waves", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f0": " Roentgen rays, but by the ozone generated in contact with the skin, and to a lesser extent, by nitrous acid", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f1": " Roentgen rays, but by the ozone generated in contact with the skin, and to a lesser extent, by nitrous acid", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e795": " Tesla's induction motor and Westinghouse Electric started branding their complete polyphase phase AC", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e796": " 1893", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e797": " Tesla's induction motor and Westinghouse Electric started branding their complete polyphase phase AC", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7dd": " magnetic", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7e0": " magnetic", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e859": " \"electric gun,\" Tesla said, \"The particles in the beam of force", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85a": " \"electric gun,\" Tesla said, \"The particles in the beam of force", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85b": " \"electric gun,\" Tesla said, \"The particles in the beam of force", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85c": " \"electric gun,\" Tesla said, \"The particles in the beam of force", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac525": "Tesla", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac526": "Tesla's theories on the possibility of the transmission by radio waves", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac527": " the transmission by radio waves", "56e0fb887aa994140058e869": " 1898, Tesla demonstrated a radio-controlled boat", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86a": " Tesla", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86b": " Remote radio control remained a novelty", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86c": " Tesla", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86d": " Tesla", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e877": " Tesla", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e878": " Tesla", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e879": " Tesla", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87a": " Tesla's patents being upheld in 1903", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87b": " Guglielmo", "56e0fd167aa994140058e881": " 1899, Tesla moved to Colorado Springs", "56e0fd167aa994140058e882": " Tesla", "56e0fd167aa994140058e883": " Kiowa St. He chose this location because the polyphase alternating current", "56e0fd167aa994140058e884": " Tesla", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ea": " atmospheric electricity", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673eb": "Tesla investigated atmospheric electricity", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ec": " atmospheric electricity", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6a": "He produced artificial lightning", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6b": "He produced artificial lightning", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6c": "He produced artificial lightning, with discharges consisting of millions of volts and up to 135 feet long. Thunder from the released energy", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6d": "He produced artificial lightning", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6e": "He produced artificial lightning", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fb": " The Electrical Experimenter: \"As an example of what has been done with several hundred kilowatts of high frequency energy", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fc": " The Electrical Experimenter: \"As an example of what has been done with several hundred kilowatts of high frequency energy", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fd": " The Electrical Experimenter: \"As an example of what has been done with several hundred kilowatts of high frequency energy", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fe": " The Electrical Experimenter: \"As an example of what has been done with several hundred kilowatts of high frequency energy", "56e10043e3433e1400422a84": " Marconi's European experiments in July 1899", "56e10043e3433e1400422a85": " Tesla was hearing signals from Mars", "56e10043e3433e1400422a86": " Marconi's European experiments in July 1899", "56e10043e3433e1400422a87": " Marconi's European experiments in July 1899", "56e10043e3433e1400422a88": " European experiments in July 1899", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67403": " 1899, John Jacob Ast", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67404": " Tesla", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67405": " Tesla", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67406": " Tesla", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740b": " 1900", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740c": " Tesla left Colorado Springs.[citation needed] His lab was torn down in 1904", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740d": " Tesla left Colorado Springs.[citation needed] His lab was torn down in 1904", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740e": " 1904", "56e10179cd28a01900c67413": "-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility known as Wardenclyffe", "56e10179cd28a01900c67414": " Colorado experiments had prepared Tesla for the establishment of the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility known as Wardenc", "56e10179cd28a01900c67415": " Colorado experiments had prepared Tesla for the establishment of the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility known as Wardenclyffe", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8e": " Panic of 1901", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8f": " Panic of 1901", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a91": " Panic of 1901", "56e10296cd28a01900c67423": " Morgan", "56e10296cd28a01900c67424": " wireless communication, Wardenc", "56e10296cd28a01900c67425": " wireless communication, Wardenc", "56e10296cd28a01900c67426": " 187 feet (57 m). In July 1903, Tesla wrote to Morgan that in addition to wireless communication, Wardenc", "56e10325cd28a01900c67435": " Tesla demonstrated his 200 horsepower (150 kilowatts) 16,000", "56e10325cd28a01900c67436": " Tesla", "56e10325cd28a01900c67437": " bladeless turbine", "56e10325cd28a01900c67438": " bladeless turbine", "56e10412e3433e1400422aba": "Tesla", "56e10412e3433e1400422abb": "Tesla", "56e10412e3433e1400422abc": "Tesla", "56e10412e3433e1400422abd": "Tesla", "56e10412e3433e1400422abe": "Tesla", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae4": " electricity", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae5": " dull", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae6": " electricity", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae7": " electricity", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afa": " AI", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afb": " AIEE", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afc": " Tesla sought overseas investors. After the war started, Tesla lost the funding he was receiving from his patents in European countries. Eventually, he sold Wardenc", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afd": " AIEE", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afe": " AI", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0c": " Electrical Experimenter Tesla", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0d": " Electrical Experimenter Tesla", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0e": " Electrical Experimenter Tesla postulated that electricity could be used to locate submarines via using the reflection of an \"electric ray\"", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0f": " Tesla", "56e1097dcd28a01900c6748f": " Tesla and/", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67490": " Tesla and/", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67491": " Tesla and/", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67492": " 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla", "56e10a28cd28a01900c674b1": " Tesla", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b3": " 38 possible bids in 1915", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b4": " 38 possible bids in 1915", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b5": " 1915", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b24": " Tesla", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b25": " Tesla received his last patent, U.S. Patent 1", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b26": " Tesla", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b27": " Tesla", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b36": " Electric", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b37": " Electric & Manufacturing Company began paying Tesla", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b38": " Electric & Manufacturing Company began paying Tesla $125 per month as well as paying his rent at the Hotel New Yorker", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b39": " Tesla", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d7": " mechanical energy", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d8": " terrestrial", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d9": " mechanical energy", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674da": " mechanical energy", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674db": " mechanical energy", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b48": " Tesla left the Hotel New Yorker to make his regular commute to the cathedral", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b49": " Tesla left the Hotel New Yorker to make his regular commute to the cathedral", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4a": " Tesla left the Hotel New Yorker to make his regular commute to the cathedral", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4b": " Tesla left the Hotel New Yorker to make his regular commute to the cathedral", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4c": " Hotel New Yorker to make his regular commute to the cathedral", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674eb": "force\" weapon after studying the Van de Graaff generator. The press variably referred to it as a \"peace ray\" or death ray.", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ec": "peace ray\" or death ray.", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ed": "force\" weapon after studying the Van de Graaff generator. The press variably referred to it as a \"peace ray\" or death ray.", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ee": "force\" weapon after studying the Van de Graaff generator. The press variably referred to it as a \"peace ray\" or death ray.", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ef": "force\" weapon after studying the Van de Graaff generator. The press variably referred to it as a \"peace ray\" or death ray.", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5c": " tungsten pellets", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5d": " Tesla", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5e": " Tesla", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5f": " tungsten pellets", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b60": " tungsten", "56e10fbacd28a01900c67509": "-dispersive Energy", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750a": " Tesla wrote a treatise, The Art of Projecting Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750b": " Tesla wrote a treatise, The Art of Projecting Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750c": " Tesla wrote a treatise, The Art of Projecting Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750d": "-dispersive Energy", "56e11044e3433e1400422b76": " the thieves, or spies, left empty-handed.", "56e11044e3433e1400422b77": " the thieves, or spies, left empty-handed.", "56e11044e3433e1400422b78": " the thieves, or spies, left empty-handed.", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67531": " Tesla died alone in room 3327 of the New Yorker Hotel. His body was later found by maid Alice Monaghan", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67532": " Tesla died alone in room 3327 of the New Yorker Hotel. His body was later found by maid Alice Monaghan", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67533": " Tesla", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67534": " Tesla", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67535": " Tesla", "56e11161e3433e1400422b86": " Hotel New Yorker and other New York City hotels was transported to the Manhattan Storage and Warehouse Company", "56e11161e3433e1400422b87": " Hotel New Yorker and other New York City hotels was transported to the Manhattan Storage and Warehouse Company", "56e11161e3433e1400422b89": " Hotel New Yorker and other New York City hotels was transported to the Manhattan Storage and Warehouse Company", "56e11161e3433e1400422b8a": " Hotel New Yorker and other New York City hotels was transported to the Manhattan Storage and Warehouse", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b90": " La Guardia read a eulogy written by Slovene-American author Louis Adamic", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b91": " Tesla at the Cathedral of Saint John the Divine. After the funeral, Tesla's body was taken to the Ferncliff Cemetery in Ards", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b92": " La Guardia", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b93": " Tesla at the Cathedral of Saint John the Divine. After the funeral, Tesla's body was taken to the Ferncliff Cemetery in Ards", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b94": " Tesla at the Cathedral of Saint John the Divine. After the funeral, Tesla's body was taken to the Ferncliff Cemetery in Ards", "56e1127bcd28a01900c67549": "grade", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754a": "ava Kosanovi\u0107, Tesla's entire estate was shipped to Belgrade", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754b": "ava Kosanovi\u0107, Tesla's entire estate was shipped to Belgrade", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754c": " Tesla's nephew, Sava Kosanovi\u0107, Tesla's entire estate was shipped to Belgrade", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754d": " Tesla's nephew, Sava Kosanovi\u0107, Tesla's entire estate was shipped to Belgrade", "56e11996e3433e1400422bde": " 278 patents issued to Tesla", "56e11996e3433e1400422bdf": " been", "56e11996e3433e1400422be0": " 278 patents issued to Tesla", "56e11996e3433e1400422be1": " 278 patents issued to Tesla", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b5": " Delmonico's restaurant and later the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel. Tesla would telephone his dinner order to the headwaiter", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b6": " Delmonico's restaurant and later the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel. Tesla would telephone his dinner order to the headwaiter", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b7": " Delmonico's restaurant and later the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel. Tesla would telephone his dinner order to the headwaiter", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b8": " Delmonico's restaurant and later the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel. Tesla would telephone his dinner order to the headwaiter", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf0": " Tesla", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf1": " Tesla", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf2": " Tesla", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf3": " Tesla", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c7": " telepathy", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c8": " telepathy", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c9": " one", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d7": " Tesla", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d8": " Tesla", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d9": " Tesla", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675da": " Tesla", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675db": " Tesla", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c18": " 1926", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c19": " 1926", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1a": " 1926", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1b": " 1926", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e7": "bo-Croatian, Czech, English, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, and Latin", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e8": " affliction in which blinding flashes of light would appear before his eyes, often accompanied by visions.:33 Often, the visions were linked to a word", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e9": " affliction in which blinding flashes of light would appear before his eyes, often accompanied by visions.:33 Often, the visions were linked to a word", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675ea": " affliction in which blinding flashes of light would appear before his eyes, often accompanied by visions.:33 Often, the visions were linked to a word", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675eb": " affliction in which blinding flashes of light would appear before his eyes, often accompanied by visions.:33 Often, the visions were linked to a word", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f1": " 84 hours without sleep or rest.:208 Kenneth Swezey, a journalist whom Tesla had befriend", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f2": " 84 hours without sleep or rest.:208 Kenneth Swezey, a journalist whom Tesla had befriend", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f3": " Graz, Tesla", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f4": " Tesla rarely slept. Swezey recalled one morning when Tesla called him at 3 a", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f5": " Tesla rarely slept. Swezey recalled one morning when Tesla called him at 3 a", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c28": "Tesla", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c29": "Tesla", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c2a": "Tesla", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2e": " Tesla. Robert Underwood Johnson", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2f": " Tesla. Robert Underwood Johnson", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c30": " Tesla. Robert Underwood Johnson", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c31": " Tesla. Robert Underwood Johnson", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c32": " Tesla's friend, Julian Hawth", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67611": " Francis Marion Crawford", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67612": " Francis Marion", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67613": " Francis Marion Crawford", "56e12005cd28a01900c67617": " overweight", "56e12005cd28a01900c67618": " overweight people", "56e12005cd28a01900c67619": " overweight people", "56e12005cd28a01900c6761a": "Tesla", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c38": " 19th century concept of an all pervasive \"ether\"", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c39": "atomic", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3a": " 19th century concept of an all pervasive \"ether\"", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3b": "Tesla", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4a": " the conversion of matter into energy", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4b": " the conversion of matter into energy", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4c": "Tesla was generally antagonistic towards theories about the conversion of matter into energy", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c50": " physical principle regarding matter and energy", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c51": " physical principle regarding matter and energy", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c52": " physical principle regarding matter and energy", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c53": " physical principle regarding matter and energy", "56e122dacd28a01900c67639": "Tesla", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763a": " selective breeding version of eugenics.", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763b": "Tesla", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763c": "Tesla", "56e1239acd28a01900c67641": " Tesla", "56e1239acd28a01900c67642": " Tesla", "56e1239acd28a01900c67643": " Tesla", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5e": "20", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5f": "20", "56e12477e3433e1400422c60": "20", "56e12477e3433e1400422c61": "20 December", "56e124f1cd28a01900c6764f": " Orthodox Christian", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67650": " Orthodox Christian", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67651": " Orthodox Christian", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c66": " Tesla", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c67": " 1937", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c68": " 1937", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6c": " My Inventions: The Autobiography of Nikola", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6d": " My Inventions: The Autobiography of Nikola", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6e": " My Inventions: The Autobiography of Nikola", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67655": " Century Magazine in", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67656": " The Century Magazine", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67657": " Century Magazine in 1900", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7c": " Tesla", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7d": " Tesla", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7e": "Tesla", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765b": " Time magazine put him on its cover. The cover caption \"All the world's his", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765c": " Time magazine put him on its cover. The cover caption \"All the world's his", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765d": " Time magazine put him on its cover. The cover caption \"All the world's his", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765e": " Time magazine put him on its cover. The cover caption \"All the world's his", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765f": " Time magazine put him on its cover. The cover caption \"All the world's his power house\" noted his contribution to electrical power generation.", "56e16182e3433e1400422e28": "Computational complexity theory", "56e16182e3433e1400422e29": "Computational complexity theory", "56e16182e3433e1400422e2a": "Computational complexity theory", "56e16839cd28a01900c67887": " complexity", "56e16839cd28a01900c67888": " complexity", "56e16839cd28a01900c67889": " complexity", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788a": " complexity", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788b": " complexity", "56e17644e3433e1400422f40": " the latter theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f41": " the former is devoted to analyzing the amount of resources needed by a particular algorithm to solve a problem, whereas the", "56e17644e3433e1400422f42": " the former is devoted to analyzing the amount of resources needed by a particular algorithm to solve a problem, whereas the", "56e17644e3433e1400422f43": " the latter theory asks what kind of problems can, in principle, be solved algorithmically.", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a1": " \"yes\" if the number is prime and \"no\" otherwise (in this case \"no\").", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a2": " \"yes\" if the number is prime and \"no\" otherwise (in this case \"no\").", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a3": " utterance", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a4": "A computational problem can be viewed as an infinite collection of instances together with a solution for every instance.", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a5": " \"yes\" if the number is prime and \"no\" otherwise (in this case \"no\").", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f7f": " 2000 kilometres", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f80": " 2000 kilometres", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f81": " quantitative answer to this particular problem instance is of little use", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa0": " adjacency", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa1": " the set {0,1}), and thus the strings are bitstrings. As in a real-world computer, mathematical objects other", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa2": " adjacency matrices, or by encoding their adjacency lists in binary.", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa3": " adjacency", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa4": " adjacency", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc8": " decision problem is a special type of computational problem whose answer is either yes or no, or alternately either 1 or 0.", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc9": " decision problem is a special type of computational problem whose answer is either yes or no, or alternately either 1 or 0.", "56e190bce3433e1400422fca": " decision problem is a special type of computational problem whose answer is either yes or no, or alternately either 1 or 0.", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcb": " decision problem is a special type of computational problem whose answer is either yes or no, or alternately either 1 or 0.", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcc": " decision problem is a special type of computational problem whose answer is either yes or no, or alternately either 1 or 0.", "56e19557e3433e1400422fee": " connected graphs\u2014of course, to obtain a precise definition of this language, one has to decide how graphs are encoded as binary strings.", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff0": " input is an arbitrary graph. The problem consists in deciding whether the given graph is connected, or not.", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff1": " connected graphs\u2014of course, to obtain a precise definition of this language, one has to decide how graphs are encoded as binary strings.", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f6": " decision problem, that is, it isn", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f7": " total function) is expected for every input, but the output is more complex than that of a decision problem, that is, it isn", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f8": " total function) is expected for every input, but the output is more complex than that of a decision problem, that is, it isn", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f9": " total function) is expected for every input, but the output is more complex than that of a decision problem, that is, it isn", "56e19724cd28a01900c679fa": " output (of a total function) is expected for every input, but the output is more complex than that of a decision problem", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2e": " the notion of decision problems. However, this is not really the case, since function problems can be recast as decision problems", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2f": " the notion of function problems is much richer than the notion of decision problems.", "56e1a38de3433e140042305c": " Complexity", "56e1a38de3433e140042305d": " Complexity", "56e1a38de3433e140042305e": " Complexity", "56e1a38de3433e140042305f": " Complexity", "56e1a38de3433e1400423060": " vertices compared to the time taken for a graph with n vert", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a48": " feasible amount of resources", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a49": " time algorithm. Cobham's thesis says that a problem can be solved with a feasible amount of resources if it admits a po", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4a": " time algorithm. Cobham's thesis says that a problem can be solved with a feasible amount of resources if it admits a po", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4b": " T", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4c": " time algorithm. Cobham's thesis says that a problem can be solved with a feasible amount of resources if it admits a po", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423094": " Turing machine that solves the problem.", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423095": " Turing machine that solves the problem.", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423097": " Turing machine is a mathematical model of a general computing machine. It is a theoretical device that manip", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423098": " Turing machine that solves the problem.", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a68": " probabilistic Turing machine is a deterministic Turing machine with an extra supply of random bits", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a69": " probabilistic Turing machine is a deterministic Turing machine with an extra supply of random bits.", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6a": " probabilistic Turing machine is a deterministic Turing machine with an extra supply of random bits", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6b": " probabilistic Turing machine is a deterministic Turing machine with an extra supply of random bits", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6c": " probabilistic Turing machine is a deterministic Turing machine with an extra supply of random bits", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309e": " probabilistic Turing machines, non-deterministic Turing machines, quantum Turing machines, symmetric Turing machines and alternating Turing machines.", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309f": " probabilistic Turing machines, non-deterministic Turing machines, quantum Turing machines, symmetric Turing machines and alternating Turing machines.", "56e1b00ce3433e14004230a1": " probabilistic Turing machines, non-deterministic Turing machines, quantum Turing machines, symmetric Turing machines and alternating Turing machines.", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a72": " random access machines. Perhaps surprisingly, each of these models can be converted to another without providing any extra computational power", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a73": " random access machines. Perhaps surprisingly, each of these models can be converted to another without providing any extra computational power", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a74": "ape Turing machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a75": "ape Turing machines", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b0": " Turing machine is a computational model that is allowed to branch out to check many different possibilities at once. The non-d", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b1": " Turing machine is a computational model that is allowed to branch out to check many different possibilities at once. The non-d", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b2": " The non-d", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b3": " computational model that is allowed to branch out to check many different possibilities at once. The non-d", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa3": " x is the total number of state transitions", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa4": " deterministic Turing machine is used. The time required by a deterministic Turing machine M on input x is the total number of state transitions", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa5": " DTIME", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa6": " deterministic Turing machine is used. The time required by a deterministic Turing machine M on input x is the total number of state transitions", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abc": " time and space are the most well-known complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abd": "ous definitions can be made for space requirements. Although time and space are the most well-known complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abe": " Blum complexity axioms.", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abf": "ous definitions can be made for space requirements. Although time and space are the most well-known complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67ac0": " time and space are the most well-known complexity", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e6": "The best, worst and average case complexity", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e7": " three different ways of measuring the time complexity (or any other complexity", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e8": "The best, worst and average case complexity refer to three different ways of measuring the time complexity (or any other complexity", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e9": " three different ways of measuring the time complexity (or any other complexity", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae0": " permutations of the input list are equally likely, the average time taken for sorting is O(n log n).", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae1": " permutations of the input list are equally likely, the average time taken for sorting is O(n log n).", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae2": " permutations of the input list are equally likely, the average time taken for sorting is O(n log n).", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423104": " particular algorithm with running time at most T(n).", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423105": " its worst-case complexity", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423106": " T", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423107": " complexity of an algorithm is usually taken to be its worst-case complexity", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423108": " The complexity of an algorithm is usually taken to be its worst-case complexity", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afc": " big O notation, which hides constant factors and smaller terms. This makes the bounds", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afd": " big O notation", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afe": " specific details of the computational model used. For instance, if T(n) = 7n2 + 15", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67aff": " big O notation", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2c": " complexity class", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2d": " complicated", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2e": " complicated definitions that do not fit into this framework.", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423134": " concrete function", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423135": " concrete function", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423136": " bounding the computation time above by some concrete function", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423137": " bounding the computation time above by some concrete function f(n) often yields complexity classes", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423138": " complexity class P, which is the set of decision problems solvable by a deterministic Turing machine within po", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423148": " bounding the time or space", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423149": " bounding the time or space", "56e1c3e1e3433e140042314a": " bounding the time or space", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314e": " BPP, ZPP and RP", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314f": " complexity", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423150": " probabilistic Turing machines", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423151": "Other important complexity", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423152": " IP and AM", "56e1c720e3433e140042316a": " time and space requirements, the answer to such questions is given by the time and space hierarchy", "56e1c720e3433e140042316b": " time and space requirements, the answer to such questions is given by the time and space hierarchy", "56e1c720e3433e140042316c": " time and space requirements, the answer to such questions is given by the time and space hierarchy", "56e1c720e3433e140042316d": " time and space requirements, the answer to such questions is given by the time and space hierarchy", "56e1c720e3433e140042316e": " time and space requirements, the answer to such questions is given by the time and space hierarchy", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b74": " EXPTIME", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b75": " theorems", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b76": " theorems", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423192": " informal notion of a problem being at least as difficult as another problem.", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423193": " one problem into another problem. It captures the informal notion of a problem being at least as difficult as another problem.", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423194": " one problem into another problem. It captures the informal notion of a problem being at least as difficult as another problem.", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423195": " informal notion of a problem being at least as difficult as another problem.", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423196": " informal notion of a problem being at least as difficult as another problem.", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bac": " polynomial-time reduction. This means that the reduction process takes polynomial time.", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bad": "The most commonly used reduction is a po", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bae": "The most commonly used reduction is a polynomial-time reduction. This means that the reduction process takes polynomial time.", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67baf": " polynomial-time reduction. This means that the reduction process takes polynomial time.", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bb0": " the problem of squaring an integer can be reduced to the problem of multiplying two integers.", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a4": " X is hard for a class of problems C if every problem in C can be reduced to X", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a5": " hard problems depends on the type of reduction", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a6": " X is hard for a class of problems C if every problem in C can be reduced to X", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a8": " complexity class. A problem X is hard for a class of problems C if every problem in C can be reduced to X", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cb": " polynomial-time solution for \u03a01. This is because a polynomial-time solution to \u03a0", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cc": " polynomial-time solution for \u03a01. This is because a polynomial-time solution to \u03a0", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cd": " polynomial-time solution for \u03a01. This is because a polynomial-time solution to \u03a0", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231ce": " the problem P = NP is not solved, being able", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bca": " NP, on the other", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcb": " NP", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcc": " NP, on the other", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcd": " satisfiability problem, the Hamiltonian path problem and the vertex cover problem.", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bce": " satisfiability problem, the Hamiltonian path problem and the vertex cover problem.", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d5": " Millennium Prize Problems", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d6": " Millennium Prize Problems", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d8": " Millennium Prize Problems", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd4": "mediate problems. The graph isomorphism", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd5": "mediate problems. The graph isomorphism", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd6": " The graph isomorphism", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fc": "The graph isomorphism", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fd": " finite graphs are isomorphic.", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fe": " polynomial time hierarchy collapses to its second level. Since it is widely believed that the po", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231ff": " finite graphs are isomorphic.", "56e1e9dfe3433e1400423200": "The graph isomorphism", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0a": " NP and in co-NP", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0b": " NP and in co-NP", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0c": " NP and in co-NP", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0e": " NP and in co-NP", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423210": " unequal, but this has not been proved. For instance P \u2286 NP", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423211": " P \u2286 NP", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423212": " P \u2286 NP \u2286 PP \u2286", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423214": " P \u2286 NP", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321a": " complexity", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321b": " complexity", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321c": " complexity", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321d": " complexity", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423222": " L (the set of all problems that can be solved in logar", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423223": " complexity", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423224": " NC, and it is not known if they are distinct", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423225": " NC, and it is not known if they are distinct", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423226": " NC, and it is not known if they are distinct", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322c": " intractable problems. In complexity theory, problems that lack polynomial-time solutions are considered to be int", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322f": " NP is not the same as P, then the NP-complete problems are also int", "56e1fc57e3433e1400423230": "complete problems are also int", "56e1febfe3433e1400423236": " intractability", "56e1febfe3433e1400423237": " P does not imply that all large cases of the problem are hard or even that most of them are. For example, the decision problem in Presbur", "56e1febfe3433e1400423238": " P does not imply that all large cases of the problem are hard or even that most of them are.", "56e1febfe3433e1400423239": " satisfiability", "56e1febfe3433e140042323a": " intractability", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c14": " actual research explicitly devoted to the complexity of algorithmic problems", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c15": " Turing machines by Alan Turing", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c16": " the actual research explicitly devoted to the complexity of algorithmic problems", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c17": " 1936", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c18": " the complexity of algorithmic problems", "56e202e9e3433e1400423240": " Fortnow", "56e202e9e3433e1400423241": " Fortnow & Homer (2003) point out, the beginning of systematic studies in computational complexity is attributed to the seminal paper \"On the Computational Complex", "56e202e9e3433e1400423242": " Fortnow", "56e202e9e3433e1400423243": " the seminal paper \"On the Computational Complexity of Algorith", "56e202e9e3433e1400423244": " Fortnow", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1e": " bounded resources", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1f": " bounded resources", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c20": " Turing machines with specific bounded resources", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c24": " concrete choice of input encoding", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c25": " concrete", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324a": " the so-", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324b": " the so-", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324d": " the so-", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324e": " the so-", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f23": " formal education. In many countries, a person who wishes to become a teacher must first obtain specified professional qualifications or credentials from a university or college.", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f24": " formal education. In many countries, a person who wishes to become a teacher must first obtain specified professional qualifications or credentials from a university or college.", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f25": " formal education. In many countries, a person who wishes to become a teacher must first obtain specified professional qualifications or credentials from a university or college.", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f26": " formal education. In many countries, a person who wishes to become a teacher must first obtain specified professional qualifications or credentials from a university or college.", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f27": " formal education. In many countries, a person who wishes to become a teacher must first obtain specified professional qualifications or credentials from a university or college.", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f37": " the arts, religion, civics, community roles, or life skills.", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f38": "A teacher's role may vary among cultures. Teachers may provide instruction in literacy and numeracy", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f39": " the arts, religion, civics, community roles, or life skills.", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f3a": " the arts, religion, civics, community roles, or life skills", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f51": " formal education can take place through home schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f52": " formal education can take place through home schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f53": " formal education can take place through home schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f54": " formal education can take place through home schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f55": "al learning may be assisted by a teacher", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f65": " spiritual", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f66": "igious and spiritual", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f67": " spiritual", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f68": "igious and spiritual", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e33": "al teaching may be carried out by paid professionals", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e34": " paid professionals", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e35": "al teaching may be carried out by paid professionals", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e36": " paid professionals", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e37": "al teaching may be carried out by paid professionals. Such professionals enjoy a status in some societies on a par with physicians, lawyers, engineers, and account", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6e": " extracurricular activities. In some education systems, teachers may have responsibility for student discipline.", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6f": " extracurricular activities. In some education systems, teachers may have responsibility for student discipline.", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f70": " extracurricular activities. In some education systems, teachers may have responsibility for student discipline.", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f71": " extracurricular activities. In some education systems, teachers may have responsibility for student discipline", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f76": " certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession.", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f77": " certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession.", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f78": " certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession.", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f79": " certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession.", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f7a": " certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession.", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f94": " State Board of Education, the Superintendent of Public Instruction, the State Education Agency or other governmental bodies. In still other areas Teaching Unions", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f95": " State Board of Education, the Superintendent of Public Instruction, the State Education Agency or other governmental bodies. In still other areas Teaching Unions", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f96": " State Board of Education, the Superintendent of Public Instruction, the State Education Agency or other governmental bodies. In still other areas Teaching Unions", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f97": " State Board of Education, the Superintendent of Public Instruction, the State Education Agency or other governmental bodies. In still other areas Teaching Unions", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f98": " Teaching Unions", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5b": " individual basis may be described as a tutor.", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5c": " individual", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5d": " individual basis may be described as a tutor.", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5e": " individual basis may be described as a tutor.", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa8": "The objective is typically accomplished through either an informal or formal approach to learning, including a course of study and lesson plan that teaches skills, knowledge and/", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa9": "The objective is typically accomplished through either an informal or formal approach to learning, including a course of study and lesson plan that teaches skills, knowledge and/", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76faa": "The objective is typically accomplished through either an informal or formal approach to learning, including a course of study and lesson plan that teaches skills, knowledge and/", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fab": "The objective is typically accomplished through either an informal or formal approach to learning, including a course of study and lesson plan that teaches skills, knowledge and/", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fac": "The objective is typically accomplished through either an informal or formal approach to learning, including a course of study and lesson plan that teaches skills, knowledge and/", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e6f": " relevant authority.", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e70": " standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority.", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e71": " the relevant authority.", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e72": " the relevant authority.", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e73": " standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority.", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbc": " differentiated instruction as well as supervision", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbd": " differentiated instruction as well as supervision", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbe": " differentiated instruction as well as supervision", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbf": " differentiated instruction as well as supervision", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fc0": " differentiated instruction as well as supervision", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc6": " different subject specialists each session during the week and may have ten or more different teachers.", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc7": " ten or more different teachers.", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc8": " different subject specialists each session during the week and may have ten or more different teachers.", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc9": " ten or more different teachers.", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fca": " ten or more different teachers.", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8b": "atoon\" system, involves placing a group of students together in one class that moves from one specialist to another for every subject.", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8c": "atoon\" system, involves placing a group of students together in one class that moves from one specialist to another for every subject.", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8d": " same group of peers", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8e": " one class that moves from one specialist to another for every subject.", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8f": "atoon\" system, involves placing a group of students together in one class that moves from one specialist to another for every subject.", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e95": " educational institutions", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e96": " educational institutions", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e97": " social networking support that allows them to reach their full cognitive potential.", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e98": " social networking support that allows them to reach their full cognitive potential.", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e99": " social networking support that allows them to reach their full cognitive potential.", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ea9": "al punishment. While a child was in school, a teacher was expected to act as a substitute parent, with all the normal forms of parental discipline", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eaa": " corporal punishment. While a child was in school, a teacher was expected to act as a substitute parent, with all the normal forms of parental discipline", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eab": "al punishment. While a child was in school, a teacher was expected to act as a substitute parent, with all the normal forms of parental discipline", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eac": " the most common form of school discipline was corporal punishment.", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ead": "al punishment.", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb3": " US Supreme Court decision in 1977 which held that paddling did not violate the US Constitution.", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb4": " US Supreme Court decision in 1977 which held that paddling did not violate the US Constitution.", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb5": " US Supreme Court decision in 1977", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb6": " US Supreme Court decision in 1977 which held that paddling did not violate the US Constitution.", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb7": " US Supreme Court decision in 1977 which held that paddling did not violate the US Constitution.", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fec": "al punishment in American schools is administered to the seat of the student's trousers or skirt with a specially made wooden paddle", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fed": " the seat of the student's trousers or skirt with a specially made wooden paddle", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fee": " the seat of the student's trousers or skirt with a specially made wooden paddle", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fef": "al punishment in American schools is administered to the seat of the student's trousers or skirt with a specially made wooden paddle", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76ff0": "al punishment in American schools is administered to the seat of the student's trousers or skirt with a specially made wooden paddle", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77000": " Asian, African and Caribbean countries.", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77001": "Official corporal punishment, often by caning, remains commonplace in schools in some Asian, African and Caribbean countries.", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77002": "al punishment", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec7": " a classroom and do work, write lines or a punishment essay, or sit quietly.", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec8": " a classroom and do work, write lines or a punishment essay, or sit quietly.", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec9": " a classroom and do work, write lines or a punishment essay, or sit quietly.", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3eca": " detention, students normally have to sit in a classroom and do work, write lines or a punishment essay, or sit quietly.", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ecb": " a classroom and do work, write lines or a punishment essay, or sit quietly.", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed1": " sarcasm and attempts to humili", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed2": " sarcasm and attempts to humili", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed3": " Positive reinforcement is balanced with immediate and fair punishment for misbehavior and firm, clear boundaries", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed4": " sarcasm and attempts to humili", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed5": " sarcasm and attempts to humili", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef5": " educational attainment of countries\u2014in East Asia for instance\u2014that combine strict discipline with high standards of education.[c", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef6": " educational attainment of countries\u2014in East Asia for instance\u2014that combine strict discipline with high standards of education.[c", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef7": " educational attainment of countries\u2014in East Asia for instance\u2014that combine strict discipline with high standards of education.[c", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef8": " educational attainment of countries\u2014in East Asia for instance\u2014that combine strict discipline with high standards of education.[c", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702c": " educational goals in these countries are commensurable with those in Western countries.", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702d": " the students unmanage", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702e": " the educational goals in these countries are commensurable with those in Western countries.", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702f": " the educational goals in these countries are commensurable", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703a": " 40 to 50", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703b": " motivated students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703c": " motivated students, ignoring attention-seeking and disruptive students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703d": " disruptive students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703e": " disruptive students", "56e7611500c9c71400d77054": " model democratic schools", "56e7611500c9c71400d77055": "udbury model democratic schools", "56e7611500c9c71400d77056": "udbury model democratic schools", "56e7611500c9c71400d77057": "udbury model democratic schools", "56e7611500c9c71400d77058": " democratic schools", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f13": " receptive students. These teachers do not teach by rote", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f14": " receptive students. These teachers do not teach by rote", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f15": " receptive students. These teachers do not teach by rote", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f17": " receptive students. These teachers do not teach by rote", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77072": " enthusiastic teacher", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77073": " curious", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77074": "Teachers", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77075": " enthusiastic teacher", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77076": " enthusiastic teacher", "56e763e800c9c71400d77086": " emotional contagion", "56e763e800c9c71400d77087": " emotional contagion", "56e763e800c9c71400d77088": " emotional contagion", "56e763e800c9c71400d77089": " emotional contagion", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708e": " Useful teacher-to-student interactions are crucial in linking academic success with personal achievement", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708f": " Useful teacher-to-student interactions are crucial in linking academic success with personal achievement", "56e764e200c9c71400d77090": " Useful teacher-to-student interactions are crucial in linking academic success with personal achievement", "56e764e200c9c71400d77091": " academic success with personal achievement", "56e764e200c9c71400d77092": " Useful teacher-to-student interactions are crucial in linking academic success with personal achievement", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a2": " Effective teachers have been", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a4": " Effective teachers have been", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a5": " Effective teachers have been", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a6": " Effective teachers have been", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f49": "The way a teacher promotes the course they are", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4a": " the teacher may create a spark of excitement in the student as well. An enthusiastic teacher", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4b": " spark in the teacher may create a spark of excitement", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4c": "The way a teacher promotes the course they are", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4d": " the teacher may create a spark of excitement in the student as well. An enthusiastic teacher", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f53": " the courts.", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f54": " the media and the courts.", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f55": " the media and the courts.", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f56": " the media and the courts.", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f57": " the media and the courts.", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ca": " AA", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cb": " AAUW study", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cd": " AAUW study", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ce": " AAUW study", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f67": " LaF", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f69": " LaF", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e8": " statutory rape \"is a real anomaly in the law that we are concerned about.\" This has led to outrage from child protection and parental rights groups", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e9": "Chris Keates", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ea": "Chris Ke", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770eb": " parental rights groups", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ec": "Chris Ke", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f75": " administrative personnel, working environment, expectations to substitute, long hours with a heavy workload, and inspections. Teachers are also at high risk for occupational burnout", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f76": " administrative personnel, working environment, expectations to substitute, long hours with a heavy workload, and inspections. Teachers are also at high risk for occupational burnout", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f77": " administrative personnel, working environment, expectations to substitute, long hours with a heavy workload, and inspections. Teachers are also at high risk for occupational burnout", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f78": " administrative personnel, working environment, expectations to substitute, long hours with a heavy workload, and inspections. Teachers are also at high risk for occupational burnout", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f79": " administrative personnel, working environment, expectations to substitute, long hours with a heavy workload, and inspections. Teachers are also at high risk for occupational burnout", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f7f": " 42% of UK teachers experienced occupational stress", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f80": " occupational stress", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f81": " 2000 study found that 42% of UK teachers experienced occupational stress", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f82": " 42% of UK teachers experienced occupational stress", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f83": " 42% of UK teachers experienced occupational stress", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710e": " Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling, are also used to relieve occupational stress", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710f": " Individual", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77110": " Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling, are also used to relieve occupational stress", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77111": " Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling, are also used to relieve occupational stress", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77112": " Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling, are also used to relieve occupational stress", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f93": " adult further learning institutions", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f94": " adult further learning institutions", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f95": " adult further learning institutions", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f96": " adult further learning institutions", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f97": " adult further learning institutions", "56e76de800c9c71400d77122": " the responsibility of the individual states and territories.", "56e76de800c9c71400d77123": "Education in Australia is primarily the responsibility of the individual states and territories.", "56e76de800c9c71400d77124": " three", "56e76de800c9c71400d77125": " the responsibility of the individual states and territories.", "56e76de800c9c71400d77126": "Education in Australia is primarily the responsibility of the individual states and territories.", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9d": " $40,000/year to $90", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9e": " $40,000/year to $90", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3fa1": " $40,000/year to $90", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712c": " civil servants recruited in special university classes, called Lehramtstudien", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712d": " Lehramtstudien", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712e": " civil servants recruited in special university classes, called Lehramtstudien", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712f": " Lehramtstudien", "56e76f7000c9c71400d77130": " Lehramtstudien", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77137": " Gaeltacht area or on an island", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77138": " Gaeltacht area or on an island. The basic pay for a starting teacher is \u20ac27,814", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77139": " Gaeltacht area or on an island. The basic pay for a starting teacher is \u20ac27,8", "56e7714a00c9c71400d7713a": " Gaeltacht area or on an island.", "56e7721500c9c71400d77140": " Teaching Council; under Section", "56e7721500c9c71400d77141": " 30 of the Teaching Council Act 2001, a person employed in any capacity in a recognised teaching post - who is not registered with the Teaching", "56e7721500c9c71400d77142": " 30 of the Teaching Council Act 2001, a person employed in any capacity in a recognised teaching post - who is not registered with the Teaching", "56e7721500c9c71400d77143": " Teaching Council; under Section", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbb": " teaching and also to non-teaching posts and those who refuse vetting", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbc": " teaching and also to non-teaching posts and those who refuse vetting", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbe": "aching posts and those who refuse vetting", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbf": " teaching and also to non-teaching posts and those who refuse vetting", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714a": "Salaries for Nursery, Primary and Secondary School teachers ranged from \u00a320,133 to \u00a341,004", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714b": " September 2007, although some salaries can go much higher depending on experience and extra responsibilities", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714c": "Salaries for Nursery, Primary and Secondary School teachers ranged from \u00a320,133 to \u00a341,004", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714d": " \u00a320,133 to \u00a341,004", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714e": "Salaries for Nursery, Primary and Secondary School teachers ranged from \u00a320,133 to \u00a341,004", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd5": "-fill positions.", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd6": "-fill positions.", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd7": " geographic", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd8": " retirements, especially among secondary school teachers, outweigh slowing enrollment growth", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd9": "-fill positions.", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715c": " Scottish Universities who offer these courses.", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715d": " General Teaching Council for Scotland", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715e": " Scottish Universities who offer these courses.", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715f": " Scottish Universities who offer these courses.", "56e775ec00c9c71400d77160": " Initial Teacher Education (ITE) at one of the seven Scottish Universities who offer these courses.", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fdf": " Principal Teacher positions attracts a salary of between \u00a334,566 and \u00a344,616; Deputy Head, and Head teachers earn from \u00a340", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe0": " 6 years teaching, but could then go on to earn up", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe1": " Principal Teacher positions attracts a salary of between \u00a334,566 and \u00a344,616; Deputy Head, and Head teachers earn from \u00a340", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe2": " Principal Teacher positions attracts a salary of between \u00a334,566 and \u00a344,616; Deputy Head, and Head teachers earn from \u00a340", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe3": " Educational Institute of Scotland and the Scottish Secondary Teachers' Association", "56e777e500c9c71400d77176": " Welsh medium education is available to all age groups through nurseries, schools, colleges and universities and in adult education", "56e777e500c9c71400d77177": " Welsh", "56e777e500c9c71400d77178": " Welsh medium education is available to all age groups through nurseries, schools, colleges and universities and in adult education", "56e777e500c9c71400d77179": " Welsh medium education is available to all age groups through nurseries, schools, colleges and universities and in adult education", "56e777e500c9c71400d7717a": " Welsh medium education is available to all age groups through nurseries, schools, colleges and universities and in adult education", "56e7788200c9c71400d77180": " ATL, NUT or NAS", "56e7788200c9c71400d77181": " ATL, NUT or NAS", "56e7788200c9c71400d77182": " ATL, NUT or NAS", "56e7788200c9c71400d77183": " ATL, NUT or NASUWT", "56e7788200c9c71400d77184": " ATL, NUT or NAS", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffd": " No Child Left Behind. Additionally, the requirements for substitute/temporary teachers are generally not as rigorous as those for full-time professionals", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffe": " No Child Left Behind. Additionally, the requirements for substitute/temporary teachers are generally not as rigorous as those for full-time professionals", "56e7796637bdd419002c3fff": " No Child Left Behind. Additionally, the requirements for substitute/temporary teachers are generally not as rigorous as those for full-time professionals", "56e7796637bdd419002c4000": " No Child Left Behind. Additionally, the requirements for substitute/temporary teachers are generally not as rigorous as those for full-time professionals", "56e7796637bdd419002c4001": " No Child Left Behind. Additionally, the requirements for substitute/temporary teachers are generally not as rigorous as those for full-time professionals", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718a": " monetary compensation, public school teachers may also enjoy greater benefits (like health insurance) compared to other occupations. Merit pay systems", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718b": " monetary compensation, public school teachers may also enjoy greater benefits (like health insurance) compared to other occupations. Merit pay systems", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718c": " US teachers are generally paid on graduated scales, with income depending on experience.", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718d": " monetary compensation, public school teachers may also enjoy greater benefits (like health insurance) compared to other occupations. Merit pay systems", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718e": " monetary compensation, public school teachers may also enjoy greater benefits (like health insurance) compared to other occupations. Merit pay systems", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77194": " (Eastern) Orthodox Catholic, and Protestant/Non-Denominational, with a stronger", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77196": " spiritual", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77197": " (Eastern) Orthodox Catholic, and Protestant/Non-Denominational, with a stronger", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77198": " (Eastern) Orthodox Catholic, and Protestant/Non-Denominational, with a stronger", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401d": " The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401e": " spiritual guidance is offered by those holding the office of Patriarch", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401f": " spiritual guidance is offered by those holding the office of Patriarch", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4020": " spiritual guidance is offered by those holding the office of Patriarch", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4021": " spiritual guidance is offered by those holding the office of Patriarch", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a8": " gurus often exercising a great deal of control over the lives of their disciples.", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a9": " gurus", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771aa": " gurus often exercising a great deal of control over the lives of their disciples.", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771ab": " gurus often exercising a great deal of control over the lives of their disciples.", "56e77da237bdd419002c403b": " Bodhisattva vow is called a Tulku.", "56e77da237bdd419002c403c": " Bodhisattva vow is called a Tulku.", "56e77da237bdd419002c403d": " Tulku.", "56e77da237bdd419002c403e": " Bodhisattva vow is called a Tulku.", "56e77da237bdd419002c403f": " Bodhisattva vow is called a Tulku.", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b0": " spiritual teacher and an esoteric (as opposed to exoteric, or actions-oriented, e.g. the Five Pillars of Islam) spirituality", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b1": " spiritual teacher and an esoteric (as opposed to exoteric, or actions-oriented, e.g. the Five Pillars of Islam) spirituality", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b2": " esoteric (as opposed to exoteric, or actions-oriented, e.g. the Five Pillars of Islam) spirituality", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b3": " esoteric (as opposed to exoteric, or actions-oriented, e.g. the Five Pillars of Islam) spirituality", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b4": " esoteric (as opposed to exoteric, or actions-oriented, e.g. the Five Pillars of Islam) spirituality", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf5": " 10 November 14", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf6": " 14", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf7": "Martin", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf8": " 1517. His refusal to retract all of his writings at the demand of Pope Leo X", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf9": " 1517. His refusal to retract all of his writings at the demand of Pope Leo X", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727a": " free gift of God's grace through faith in Jesus Christ as redeemer from sin.", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727b": "Luther taught that salvation and subsequently eternal life is not earned by good deeds but is received only as a free gift of God's grace", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727c": " Evangelical as the only acceptable names for individuals who professed Christ.", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727d": "Luther taught that salvation and subsequently eternal life is not earned by good deeds but is received only as a free gift of God", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727e": "Luther taught that salvation and subsequently eternal life is not earned by good deeds but is received only as a free gift of God", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17284": "His translation of the Bible into the vernacular (instead of Latin", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17285": "His translation of the Bible into the vernacular (instead of Latin", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17286": "His translation of the Bible into the vernacular (instead of Latin", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17287": "His translation of the Bible into the vernacular (instead of Latin", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17288": "His translation of the Bible into the vernacular (instead of Latin", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728e": " Brethren of the Common Life, and Eisenach in 1498. The three schools focused on the so-", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728f": " Brethren of the Common Life, and Eisenach in 1498. The three schools focused on the so-", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17290": " Brethren of the Common Life, and Eisenach in 1498. The three schools focused on the so-", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17291": " Brethren of the Common Life, and Eisenach in 1498. The three schools focused on the so-", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17292": " Brethren of the Common Life, and Eisenach in 1498. The three schools focused on the so-", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c56": " 1501, at the age", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c57": " the University of Er", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c58": " 1501", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c59": " 1501", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c5a": " 1505", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cd": " Luther sought assurances about life and was drawn to theology and philosophy", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172ce": " Luther sought assurances about life and was drawn to theology and philosophy", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cf": " Luther sought assurances about life and was drawn to theology and philosophy", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d0": " Luther sought assurances about life and was drawn to theology and philosophy", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d1": " Luther sought assurances about life and was drawn to theology and philosophy", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d7": " 1505, he was returning to university", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d8": " 1505, he was returning to university on horseback after a trip home. During a thunderstorm, a lightning", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d9": " Augustinian cloister in Erfurt on 17 July 1505. One friend blamed the decision on Luther", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172da": " 1505, he was returning to university", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172db": " Luther", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c74": " Augustinian order, devoting himself to fasting, long hours in prayer, pilgrimage, and frequent confession.", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c75": " August", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c76": "Luther dedicated himself to the Augustinian order, devoting himself to fasting, long hours in prayer, pilgrimage, and frequent confession.", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c77": "L", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c78": "Luther dedicated himself to the Augustinian order, devoting himself to fasting, long hours in prayer, pilgrimage, and frequent confession.", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172eb": " 1507, he was ordained to the priesthood, and in 1508, von Staupitz", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ec": " 1507, he was ordained to the priesthood, and in 1508, von Staupitz", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ed": " 1507, he was ordained to the priesthood, and in 1508, von Staup", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ee": " 1508, and another bachelor's degree in the Sentences by Peter Lombard", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ef": " 1508, and another bachelor's degree in the Sentences by Peter Lombard", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb0": " the University of Witten", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb1": " theological faculty of the University of Witten", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb2": " the University of Witten", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb3": " the University of Witten", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb4": " the University of Witten", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17367": " Dominican friar and papal commissioner for indulgences, was sent to Germany by the Roman Catholic Church to sell indulg", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17368": " 1516, Johann Tetzel, a Dominican friar and papal commissioner for indulgences, was sent to Germany", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17369": " fiduciary or dogmatic, cannot justify man; justification rather depends only on such faith as is active in charity", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736a": " fiduciary or dogmatic, cannot justify man; justification rather depends only on such faith as is active in charity", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736b": " The benefits of good works could be obtained by donating money to the church.", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5e": " scholarly objection to church practices, and the tone of the writing is accordingly \"searching, rather than doctrinaire.\" Hill", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5f": " scholarly objection to church practices, and the tone of the writing is accordingly \"searching, rather than doctrinaire.\" Hill", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d60": " Theses", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d61": " scholarly objection to church practices, and the tone of the writing is accordingly \"searching, rather than doctrinaire.\" Hill", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d62": " Luther", "56f80143aef2371900625d68": "Luther objected to a saying attributed to Johann Tetzel", "56f80143aef2371900625d69": "uther objected to a saying attributed to Johann Tetzel", "56f80143aef2371900625d6a": "uther objected to a saying attributed to Johann Tetzel", "56f80143aef2371900625d6b": " coffer", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17377": "He insisted that,", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17378": "He insisted that, since forgiveness was God's alone to grant, those who claimed that indulg", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17379": " false assurances.", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737a": " false assurances.", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737b": " false assurances.", "56f8046faef2371900625d71": " Catholic teaching on indulgences, but rather a reflection of his capacity to exagger", "56f8046faef2371900625d72": " no means representative of contemporary Catholic teaching on indulgences, but rather a reflection of his capacity to exagger", "56f8046faef2371900625d73": " Catholic teaching on indulgences, but rather a reflection of his capacity to exagger", "56f8046faef2371900625d74": " no means representative of contemporary Catholic teaching on indulgences, but rather a reflection of his capacity to exagger", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17387": " The story is based on comments made by Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17388": " The story is based on comments made by Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17389": " The story is based on comments made by Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738a": " The story is based on comments made by Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738b": " The story is based on comments made by Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8074faef2371900625d79": " the printing press.", "56f8074faef2371900625d7a": " Luther translated the 95 Theses from Latin into German", "56f8074faef2371900625d7b": " the printing press", "56f8074faef2371900625d7c": " January", "56f8074faef2371900625d7d": " January", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17391": " 1519. Students thronged to Wittenberg to hear Luther speak. He published a short commentary on Galatians", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17392": " 1519. Students thronged to Wittenberg to hear Luther speak. He published a short commentary on Galatians", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17393": " creative", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17394": " 1519. Students thronged to Wittenberg to hear Luther speak. He published a short commentary on Galatians", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17395": " 1520: To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation, On the Babylonian Captivity of the", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739b": "20", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739c": " The most important for Luther was the doctrine of justification \u2013 God's act of declaring a sinner righteous \u2013 by faith alone through God's grace.", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739d": " The most important for Luther was the doctrine of justification \u2013 God's act of declaring a sinner righteous \u2013 by faith alone through God's grace", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739e": " The most important for Luther was the doctrine of justification \u2013 God's act of declaring a sinner righteous \u2013 by faith alone through God's grace", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739f": " The most important for Luther was the doctrine of justification \u2013 God's act of declaring a sinner righteous \u2013 by faith alone through God's grace", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d83": "Luther came to understand justification as entirely the work of God", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d84": "Luther came to understand justification as entirely the work of God", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d85": "Luther came to understand justification as entirely the work of God", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d86": " Smalc", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d87": " the Bible speaks (as in Romans 1:17) lives by faith. He explained his concept of \"justification\" in the Smalc", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8d": " the first of two", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8e": " the first of two points", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8f": "Luther's rediscovery of \"Christ and His salvation\" was the first of two", "56f80e1daef2371900625d90": "Luther's rediscovery of \"Christ and His salvation\" was the first of two points", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d95": " theses checked for heresy and in December 1517 forwarded them to Rome", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d96": " Luther's letter containing the 95 Theses. He had the theses checked for heresy", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d97": " Luther's letter containing the 95 Theses. He had the theses checked for heresy", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d98": " 95 Theses. He had the theses checked for heresy and in December 1517 forwarded them to Rome", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d99": " theses checked for heresy", "56f811bdaef2371900625d9f": "Pope Leo X was used to reformers and heretics", "56f811bdaef2371900625da0": "Pope Leo X was used to reformers and heretics", "56f811bdaef2371900625da1": "Pope Leo X was used to reformers and heretics", "56f811bdaef2371900625da2": "Pope Leo X was used to reformers and heretics", "56f811bdaef2371900625da3": "Pope Leo X was used to reformers and heretics", "56f81393aef2371900625da9": " the papal nuncio Karl von M", "56f81393aef2371900625daa": " boldest assertion in the debate was that Matthew 16:", "56f81393aef2371900625dab": " boldest assertion in the debate was that Matthew 16:", "56f81393aef2371900625dac": " Luther's colleague Andreas Karlstadt at Leipzig and invited Luther to speak. Luther's boldest assertion in the debate was that Matthew 16:", "56f81393aef2371900625dad": " boldest assertion in the debate was that Matthew 16:", "56f81537aef2371900625db3": " the Pope warned Luther with the papal bull (edict) Exsurge Domine that he risked excommunication unless he recanted 41 sentences", "56f81537aef2371900625db4": " the Pope", "56f81537aef2371900625db5": " the Pope", "56f81537aef2371900625db6": " the Pope warned Luther with the papal bull (edict) Exsurge Domine that he risked excommunication unless he recanted 41 sentences", "56f81537aef2371900625db7": " the Pope warned Luther with the papal bull (edict) Exsurge Domine that he risked excommunication unless he recanted 41 sentences", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f1": " secular authorities", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f2": " secular authorities", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f3": " secular authorities", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f4": " Theses fell to the secular authorities", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f5": " secular authorities", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fb": "Johann Eck, speaking on behalf of the Empire as assistant of the Archbishop of Trier", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fc": " Empire as assistant of the Archbishop of Trier", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fd": "Johann Eck", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fe": "Johann Eck, speaking on behalf of the Empire as assistant of the Archbishop of Trier", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173ff": " Empire as assistant of the Archbishop of Trier", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17415": " Michael Mullett considers this speech as a \"world classic of epoch-making oratory", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17416": " \"in the traditional salute of a knight winning a bout.\" Michael Mullett considers this speech as a \"world classic of epoch-making oratory", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17417": " Michael Mullett considers this speech as a \"world", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17418": " \"in the traditional salute of a knight winning a bout.\" Michael Mul", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17427": "Luther refused to recant his writings", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17428": " Mullett", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17429": " Mullett", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e1742a": " \"we are free to believe that Luther would tend to select the more dramatic", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e17439": " Emperor presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743a": " Emperor presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms on 25 May 1521", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743b": " Emperor presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms on 25 May 1521", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743c": " private conferences were held to determine Luther's fate.", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743d": " Emperor presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms", "56f82989aef2371900625e6b": "Luther's disappearance during his return trip back to Wittenberg", "56f82989aef2371900625e6c": "Luther's disappearance during his return trip back to Wittenberg", "56f82989aef2371900625e6d": "Luther's disappearance during his return trip back to Wittenberg", "56f82989aef2371900625e6e": "Luther's disappearance during his return trip back to Wittenberg", "56f82989aef2371900625e6f": "Luther's disappearance during his return trip back to Wittenberg", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17457": " August 1521, Luther wrote to Melanchthon", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17458": "21, Luther wrote to Melanchthon", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17459": "21, Luther wrote to Mel", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745a": "21, Luther wrote to Melanchthon", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745b": " Luther wrote to Melanchthon", "56f84485aef2371900625f71": " 15", "56f84485aef2371900625f72": " 15", "56f84485aef2371900625f73": " 15", "56f84485aef2371900625f74": " confessor.\" In November, Luther wrote The Judgement of Martin Luther", "56f84485aef2371900625f75": " 1521, Luther", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e17519": " prophetic", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751a": " prophecy", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751b": " prophecy", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751c": " prophetic faith. His main interest was centered on the prophecy of the Little Horn in Daniel", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751d": " prophetic", "56f84760aef2371900625f81": " the ex-Augustinian Gabriel Zwilling", "56f84760aef2371900625f82": " rapid developments at Wittenberg, of which he was kept fully informed. Andreas Karlstadt", "56f84760aef2371900625f83": " rapid developments at Wittenberg, of which he was kept fully informed. Andreas Karlstadt", "56f84760aef2371900625f84": " rapid developments at Wittenberg, of which he was kept fully informed. Andreas Karlstadt", "56f84760aef2371900625f85": " rapid developments at Wittenberg, of which he was kept fully informed. Andreas Karlstadt", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e1752f": "Luther secretly returned to Witten", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17530": "Luther secretly returned to Wittenberg on 6 March", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17531": "Luther secretly returned to Wittenberg", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17532": "Luther secretly returned to Wittenberg", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17533": "Luther secretly returned to Wittenberg on 6 March", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9d": " the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9e": " the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf wrote to the elector: \"Oh, what joy has Dr. Martin's return spread among us!", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9f": " the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf wrote to the elector: \"Oh, what joy has Dr. Martin's return spread among us!", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa0": "The effect of Luther's intervention was immediate. After the sixth sermon, the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa1": " Luther's intervention was immediate. After the sixth sermon, the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa7": "Luther next set about reversing or modifying the new church practices. By working alongside the authorities", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa8": "Luther next set about reversing or modifying the new church practices. By working alongside the authorities", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa9": "Luther next set about reversing or modifying the new church practices. By working alongside the authorities", "56f84b68aef2371900625faa": "wickau prophets, he now faced a battle against not only the established Church but also the radical reformers", "56f84b68aef2371900625fab": "Luther next set about reversing or modifying the new church practices. By working alongside the authorities", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb1": " Gaining momentum under the leadership of radicals such as M\u00fcntzer", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb2": " Gaining momentum under the leadership of radicals such as M\u00fcntzer", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb3": " Gaining momentum under the leadership of radicals such as M\u00fcntzer", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb4": " Gaining momentum under the leadership of radicals such as M\u00fcntzer", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb5": " the upper classes in general. Revolts broke out in Franconia, Swabia, and Thuringia", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc1": "Luther sympathised with some of the peasants", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc2": "Luther sympathised with some of the peasants", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc3": "Luther sympathised with some of the peasants", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc4": "Luther sympathised with some of the peasants", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc5": "Luther sympathised with some of the peasants", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754b": "Luther justified his opposition to the rebels", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754c": " the rebels with blasphemy", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754d": " the rebels with blasphemy", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754e": " the rebels with blasphemy", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754f": "Luther justified his opposition to the rebels", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755d": " anabaptist movement and other religious movements", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755e": " Their defeat by the Swabian League at the Battle of Frankenhaus", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755f": " anabaptist movement and other religious movements", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17560": " anabaptist movement and other religious movements", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17561": " secular powers", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756d": " Wenceslaus Link, \"the Lord has plunged me into marriage.\" At the time of their marriage, Kathar", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756e": "Martin", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756f": " 26", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17570": " 26", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17571": "Martin", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17577": " the couple was engaged with Johannes Bugenhagen", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17578": " the couple was engaged with Johannes Bugenhagen", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17579": " the couple was", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757a": " June", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757b": " the couple was engaged with Johannes Bugenhagen, Justus Jonas, Johannes Apel, Philipp Melanchthon and Lucas Cranach", "56f855caaef2371900625ff3": " religious had already married, including Andreas Karlstadt", "56f855caaef2371900625ff4": " religious had already married, including Andreas Karlstadt", "56f855caaef2371900625ff5": " religious had already married, including Andreas Karlstadt", "56f855caaef2371900625ff6": " religious had already married, including Andreas Karlstadt", "56f855caaef2371900625ff7": " religious had already married, including Andreas Karlstadt", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffd": "Luther and his wife moved into a former monastery, \"The Black Cloister,\" a wedding present from the new elector John the Steadfast", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffe": "uther and his wife moved into a former monastery, \"The Black Cloister,\" a wedding present from the new elector John the Steadfast", "56f8575aaef2371900625fff": "Luther and his wife moved into a former monastery, \"The Black Cloister,\" a wedding present from the new elector John the Steadfast", "56f8575aaef2371900626000": "Luther and his wife moved into a former monastery, \"The Black Cloister,\" a wedding present from the new elector John the Steadfast", "56f8575aaef2371900626001": "The Black Cloister,\" a wedding present from the new elector John the Steadfast", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175af": " Biblical ideal of congregations' choosing their own ministers had proved unwork", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b0": " catechisms. Luther's thought is revolutionary to the extent that it is a theology of the cross", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b1": " catechisms. Luther's thought is revolutionary to the extent that it is a theology of the cross", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b2": " 1529, he established a supervisory church body, laid down a new form of worship service, and wrote a clear summary of the new faith", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b3": " revolutionary to the extent that it is a theology of the cross", "56f85bb8aef237190062600f": " the people, Luther avoided extreme change. He also did not wish to replace one controlling system with another. He concentrated on the church in the Electorate", "56f85bb8aef2371900626010": " extreme change", "56f85bb8aef2371900626011": " one controlling system with another. He concentrated on the church in the Electorate", "56f85bb8aef2371900626012": " Luther avoided extreme change", "56f85bb8aef2371900626013": " radical pronouncements. For example, the Instructions for the Visitors of Parish Pastors in Electoral Saxony (1528), drafted by Melanchthon", "56f85cf0aef2371900626019": " religious instruction into the weekday services in the form of the catechism. He also provided simplified versions of the baptism and marriage services", "56f85cf0aef237190062601a": " religious instruction into the weekday services in the form of the catechism. He also provided simplified versions of the baptism and marriage services", "56f85cf0aef237190062601b": " religious instruction into the weekday services in the form of the catechism. He also provided simplified versions of the baptism and marriage services", "56f85cf0aef237190062601c": " religious instruction into the weekday services in the form of the catechism. He also provided simplified versions of the baptism and marriage services", "56f85cf0aef237190062601d": " religious instruction into the weekday services in the form of the catechism. He also provided simplified versions of the baptism and marriage services", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c3": "Luther and his colleagues introduced the new order of worship", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c4": "Merciful God, what misery I have seen", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c5": "uther and his colleagues introduced the new order of worship", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c6": "L", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c7": "Merciful God, what misery I have seen,\" Luther", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cd": " Supper. Luther incorporated questions and answers in the catechism", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175ce": " congregations. In 1529, he wrote the Large Catech", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cf": " 1529, he wrote the Large Catechism, a manual for pastors and teachers, as well as a synopsis, the Small C", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d0": " Supper. Luther incorporated questions and answers in the catechism", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d1": " Supper. Luther incorporated questions and answers in the catechism", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d7": " Bondage", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d8": " Bondage", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d9": " Small Catechism has earned a reputation as a model of clear religious teaching", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175da": " Bondage", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175db": "The catechism is one of Luther's", "56f86966aef2371900626053": " German vernacular", "56f86966aef2371900626054": " German vernacular", "56f86966aef2371900626055": " German vernacular", "56f86966aef2371900626056": " German vernacular", "56f86966aef2371900626057": " Decalogue", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f5": " German", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f6": " German", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f7": " German", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f8": "Luther had published his German translation of the New Testament", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f9": "Luther had published his German translation of the New Testament", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17605": "L", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17606": "L", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17607": "Luther's translation used the variant of German", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17608": "uther's translation used the variant of German", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17609": "L", "56f86e91aef2371900626067": " Lucas", "56f86e91aef2371900626068": " Lucas", "56f86e91aef2371900626069": " Lucas", "56f86e91aef237190062606a": " Luther, and with woodcuts by Lucas", "56f86e91aef237190062606b": " Lucas", "56f87000aef2371900626071": " lute", "56f87000aef2371900626072": " lute", "56f87000aef2371900626073": " lute", "56f87000aef2371900626074": " lute", "56f87000aef2371900626075": " lute", "56f8720eaef237190062608f": " the unfolding Reformation", "56f8720eaef2371900626090": " the unfolding Reformation. This behavior started with his learning of the execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich V", "56f8720eaef2371900626091": " the title and first line \"Flung to the Heedless", "56f8720eaef2371900626092": " the unfolding Reformation.", "56f8720eaef2371900626093": " the unfolding Reformation.", "56f87392aef2371900626099": " Trinitarian rather", "56f87392aef237190062609a": " Trinitarian rather", "56f87392aef237190062609b": " Trinitarian rather", "56f87392aef237190062609c": " Trinitarian rather", "56f87392aef237190062609d": " Trinitarian rather", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e1766f": " stanza for each of the seven prayer", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17670": " stanza for each of the seven prayer petitions", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17671": " liturgical setting of the Lord's Prayer and as a means of examining candidates on specific catechism", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17672": " stanza for each of the seven prayer", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17673": "Luther's 1538 hymnic version of the Lord's Prayer, \"Vater unser im Himmelre", "56f87760aef23719006260cc": " evangelical colleagues to write psalm-hymns for use in German worship. In a collaboration with Paul Speratus", "56f87760aef23719006260cd": " evangelical colleagues to write psalm-hymns for use in German worship. In a collaboration with Paul Speratus", "56f87760aef23719006260ce": " evangelical colleagues to write psalm-hymns for use in German worship. In a collaboration with Paul Speratus", "56f87760aef23719006260cf": " German worship. In a collaboration with Paul Speratus", "56f87760aef23719006260d0": " evangelical colleagues to write psalm-hymns for use in German worship. In a collaboration with Paul Speratus", "56f879bdaef23719006260de": "Luther wrote \"Ach Gott, vom Himmel sieh darein\" (\"Oh God, look down from heaven\").", "56f879bdaef23719006260df": "i redemptor gentium", "56f879bdaef23719006260e0": "Luther wrote \"Ach Gott, vom Himmel sieh darein\" (\"Oh God, look down from heaven\").", "56f879bdaef23719006260e1": "Luther wrote \"Ach Gott, vom Himmel sieh darein\" (\"Oh God, look down from heaven\").", "56f879bdaef23719006260e2": "uther wrote \"Ach Gott, vom Himmel sieh darein\" (\"Oh God, look down from heaven\").", "56f87e95aef237190062610a": " Johann Walter tune associated with a hymnic setting of Psalm 67", "56f87e95aef237190062610b": " Johann Walter tune associated with a hymnic setting of Psalm 67", "56f87e95aef237190062610c": " Johann Walter tune associated with a hymnic setting of Psalm 67", "56f87e95aef237190062610d": " Johann Walter tune associated with a hymnic setting of Psalm 67's prayer for grace", "56f87e95aef237190062610e": " Johann Walter tune associated with a hymnic setting of Psalm 67's prayer for grace", "56f88025aef237190062611e": "Luther's hym", "56f88025aef237190062611f": "Luther's hymns were included in early Lutheran hymnals and spread the ideas of the Reformation.", "56f88025aef2371900626120": "Luther's hymns were included in early Lutheran hymnals and spread the ideas of the Reformation", "56f88025aef2371900626121": " four of eight songs of the First Lutheran hymnal Achtliederbuch", "56f88025aef2371900626122": " four of eight songs of the First Lutheran hymnal Achtliederbuch", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f3": " cantatas", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f4": " cantatas and based chorale cantatas entirely on them", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f5": " chorales in his cantatas", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f6": " cantatas", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f7": " chorales in his cantatas", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fd": " Purgatory", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fe": " Purgatory", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176ff": " Purgatory", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17700": " torments and punishments of hell, but enter a prepared bedchamber in which they sleep in peace.\" He also rejected the existence of Purgatory", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17701": " Purgatory", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17707": "The Lutheran theologian Franz Pieper", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17708": " Lutheran theologian Franz Pieper", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17709": "The Lutheran theologian Franz Pieper", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e1770a": " Lutheran theologian Franz Pieper", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17723": " Francis Blackburn", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17724": " Francis Blackburne", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17725": " Francis Blackburne", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17726": " Francis Blackburne", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17727": " Francis Blackburne in 1765 argued that John Jortin misread this and other passages from Luther, while Gottfried Fritsc", "56f88c37aef2371900626176": " October 1529", "56f88c37aef2371900626177": " Eucharist \u2013 the sacrament of the Lord's Supper\u2014an issue crucial to Luther.", "56f88c37aef2371900626178": " Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse, convoked an assembly of German and Swiss theologians at the Marburg Coll", "56f88c37aef2371900626179": " the exception being the nature of the Eucharist \u2013 the sacrament of the Lord's Supper\u2014an issue crucial to Luther.", "56f88c37aef237190062617a": " Eucharist \u2013 the sacrament of the Lord's Supper\u2014an issue crucial to Luther.", "56f88eafaef2371900626194": " \"This is my body which is for you\" and \"This cup is the new covenant in my blood\" (1 Corinthians 11:", "56f88eafaef2371900626195": " Real Presence of the body and blood of Christ", "56f88eafaef2371900626196": " Real Presence of the body and blood of Christ", "56f88eafaef2371900626197": " Supper: \"This is my body which is for you\" and \"This cup is the new covenant in my blood\" (1 Corinthians 11:", "56f88eafaef2371900626198": " Luther insisted on the Real Presence of the body and blood of Christ", "56f8907faef23719006261b2": " 1530 of the Augsburg Conf", "56f8907faef23719006261b3": " 1530 of the Augsburg Conf", "56f8907faef23719006261b4": " the Marburg Colloquy paved the way for the signing in 1530 of the Augsburg Conf", "56f8907faef23719006261b5": " 1530", "56f8907faef23719006261b6": " the following year by leading Protestant nobles such as John of Saxony, Philip of H", "56f895339e9bad19000a0177": " fideist into dispute. Contemporary Lutheran scholarship", "56f895339e9bad19000a0178": " separate spheres of knowledge that each applies to. Bernhard Lohse", "56f895339e9bad19000a0179": " separate spheres of knowledge that each applies to. Bernhard Lohse", "56f895339e9bad19000a017a": " separate spheres of knowledge that each applies to. Bernhard Lohse", "56f895339e9bad19000a017b": " separate spheres of knowledge that each applies to. Bernhard Lohse", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5d": " Reformation", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5e": " Jewish conversion to Christianity", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5f": " the Jews, writing against them with the kind of venom he had already unleashed on the Anabaptists", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c60": " the Reformation", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c61": "-Jewish literature of the times, although historians acknowledge that this treat", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a5": "religious war", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a6": "religious war", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a7": "religious war", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a8": "religious war", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a9": "religious war", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9d": " Latin", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9e": " Latin", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9f": " Luther read a Latin translation of the Qur'an. He went on to produce several critical pamph", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca0": " 1542, Luther read a Latin translation of the Qur'an. He went on to produce several critical pamph", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca1": " 1542, Luther read a Latin translation of the Qur'an. He went on to produce several critical pamph", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022b": " city hall", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022c": " city hall", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022d": " city hall", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022e": " city hall", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022f": " city hall. Luther responded to these theses with six series of theses", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0251": " l-a-w from the church \u2013 does not eliminate the accusing law", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0252": " Ten Commandments", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0253": " l-a-w from the church \u2013 does not eliminate the accusing law", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0254": " the law \u2013 in any form \u2013 should not be preached to Christians anymore would be tantamount to asserting that Christians are no longer sinners", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0255": " holy people", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025b": " Luther also points out that the Ten Command", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025c": " \"third use of the law.\"", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025d": " \"third use of the law.\"", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025e": " \"third use of the law.\"", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025f": " \"third use of the law.\"", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da7": " Luther's teaching of the Ten Command", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da8": " Luther's teaching of the Ten Command", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da9": " Luther's teaching of the Ten Command", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02b9": " Luther's biographer Martin Brecht, \"giving confessional advice for Philip of H", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02ba": " bigamy of Philip I, Landgrave", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bb": " Luther", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bc": " December", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bd": " December", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02eb": "hoeffer: Pastor, Martyr, Prophet, Spy, Christian author Eric Metaxas", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ec": "hoeffer: Pastor, Martyr, Prophet, Spy, Christian author Eric Metaxas", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ed": "hoeffer: Pastor, Martyr, Prophet, Spy, Christian author Eric Metaxas", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ee": "hoeffer: Pastor, Martyr, Prophet, Spy, Christian author Eric Metaxas", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ef": "hoeffer: Pastor, Martyr, Prophet, Spy, Christian author Eric Metaxas", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e05": "Luther's other major works on the Jews were his 60,000-word treatise Von den Juden", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e06": "uther's other major works on the Jews were his 60,000-word treatise Von den Juden", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e07": "uther's other major works on the Jews were his 60,000-word treatise Von den Juden", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e08": "Luther's other major works on the Jews were his 60,000-word treatise Von den Juden", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e09": "Luther's other major works on the Jews were his 60,000-word treatise Von den Juden", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3b": "Luther spoke out against the Jews in Saxony, Brandenburg", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3c": " 1537, later blamed their plight on \"that priest whose name was Martin Luther", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3d": "Luther spoke out against the Jews in Saxony, Brandenburg, and Silesia. Josel of Ros", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3e": "uther", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3f": "uther spoke out against the Jews in Saxony, Brandenburg, and Silesia", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e75": "uther was the most widely read author of his generation, and within Germany he acquired the status of a prophet", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e76": "Jewish rhetoric contributed significantly to the development of antisemitism in Germany, and in the 1930s and 1940", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e77": "Jewish rhetoric contributed significantly to the development of antisemitism in Germany, and in the 1930s and 1940", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e78": "uther was the most widely read author of his generation, and within Germany he acquired the status of a prophet", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e79": " the prevailing view among historians, his anti-Jewish rhetoric contributed significantly to the development of antisemitism in Germany, and in the 1930s and 1940", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a0389": " \"since after his bitter experience Luther had already suggested preventive measures against the Jews and their expulsion from German territory", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038a": " synagogues", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038b": "blueprint.\" Sasse applauded the burning of the synagogues", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038c": "blueprint.\" Sasse applauded the burning of the synagogues", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038d": "blueprint.\" Sasse", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03bf": " the Nazis' use of his work as opportunistic. Biographer Martin Brecht", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c0": " the Nazis' use of his work as opportunistic. Biographer Martin Brecht", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c1": " the Nazis' use of his work as opportunistic. Biographer Martin Brecht", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c2": " the Nazis' use of his work as opportunistic. Biographer Martin Brecht", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c3": " the Nazis' use of his work as opportunistic. Biographer Martin Brecht", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03db": " Lutheran clergy and theologians during the Nazi Third Reich used Luther's hostile publications towards the Jews and their Jewish", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dc": " Lutheran clergy and theologians during the Nazi Third Reich used Luther's hostile publications towards the Jews and their Jewish", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dd": " Lutheran clergy and theologians during the Nazi Third Reich used Luther's hostile publications towards the Jews and their Jewish", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03de": " Lutheran clergy and theologians during the Nazi Third Reich used Luther's hostile publications towards the Jews and their Jewish", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03df": " Jewish religion to justify at least in part the anti-Semitic policies", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eed": " diatribes", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eee": " diatribes", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eef": " diatribes", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef0": " diatribes", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef1": " diatribes against \"Turks\" (Muslims) and Catholics.", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f35": " Martin Luther's statements against the Jews and have rejected the use of them to incite hatred against Lutherans. Strommen et al.'", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f36": " Martin Luther's statements against the Jews and have rejected the use of them to incite hatred against Lutherans. Strommen et al.'", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f37": " Martin Luther's statements against the Jews and have rejected the use of them to incite hatred against Lutherans. Strommen et al.'", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f38": " Martin Luther's statements against the Jews and have rejected the use of them to incite hatred against Lutherans. Strommen et al.'", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f45": " M\u00e9ni\u00e8re's disease, vertigo, fainting, tinnitus, and a cataract", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f46": " M\u00e9ni\u00e8re's disease, vertigo, fainting, tinnitus, and a cataract", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f47": "Luther had been suffering from ill health", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f48": " ill health", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f49": "Luther had been suffering from ill health", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f61": " Market Church in Halle, staying with his friend Justus Jonas", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f62": " Market Church in Halle, staying with his friend Justus", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f63": " Market Church in Halle, staying with his friend Justus", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f64": "His poor physical health", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f65": " Market Church in Halle, staying with his friend Justus Jonas", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7d": " L\u00e9on Poliakov", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7e": " 15", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7f": " L\u00e9on Poliakov", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f80": "His last sermon was delivered at Eisle", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f81": "His last sermon was delivered at Eisle", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a0": "Luther's final journey, to Mansfeld, was taken because of his concern for his siblings' families continuing in their father Hans Luther's copper", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a1": " all four Mansfeld counts: Albrecht, Philip, John George, and Gerhard. Luther journeyed to Mans", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a2": "Luther's final journey, to Mansfeld, was taken because of his concern for his siblings' families continuing in their father Hans Luther's copper", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a3": "uther's final journey, to Mansfeld, was taken because of his concern for his siblings' families continuing in their father Hans Luther's copper", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a4": "Luther's final journey, to Mansfeld, was taken because of his concern for his siblings' families continuing in their father Hans Luther's copper", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c6": "46", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c7": "The negotiations were successfully concluded on 17 February 1546. After 8 a.", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c8": "The negotiations were successfully concluded on 17 February 1546. After 8 a.", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c9": "The negotiations were successfully concluded on 17 February 1546. After 8 a.", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04ca": "The negotiations were successfully concluded on 17 February 1546. After 8 a.", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e0": "An apoplectic stroke deprived him of his speech, and he died shortly afterwards at 2:45 a.", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e1": "An apoplectic stroke", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e2": " 62", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e3": " 62, in Eisleben, the city of his birth. He was buried in the Castle Church in Wittenberg", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e4": " pulpit. The funeral was held by his friends Johannes Bugenhagen and Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1007": " The statement was in Latin", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1008": " Luther had written his last statement. The statement was in Latin", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1009": " Latin", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0514": " ascetic life of the medieval religious orders", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0515": " ascetic life of the medieval religious orders", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0516": "double chin, strong mouth, piercing deep-set eyes, fleshy face, and squat neck.\"", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0517": " ascetic life of the medieval religious orders", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0518": " printed images of Luther that emphasized his monumental size were crucial to the spread of Protestantism. In contrast to images of frail Catholic saints", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103d": " commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103e": " commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103f": " commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints.", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1040": " commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints.", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1041": " 18 February", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d4": " The region is", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d5": " The region is", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d6": " The region is", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d7": " geographic and cultural region that generally comprises California's southernmost 10 counties. The region is", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d8": " The region is", "5705e33f52bb89140068964c": " Megaregion", "5705e33f52bb89140068964d": " 8- and 10-county definitions are not used for the greater Southern California Megaregion", "5705e33f52bb89140068964e": " Southern California Megaregion", "5705e33f52bb89140068964f": " Southern California", "5705e33f52bb891400689650": " 8- and 10-county definitions are not used for the greater Southern California Megaregion", "5705e3f252bb89140068966a": " 60 percent of California's population.", "5705e3f252bb89140068966b": " 60 percent of California's population.", "5705e3f252bb89140068966c": " 60 percent of California's population.", "5705e3f252bb89140068966d": " 60 percent of California's population.", "5705e3f252bb89140068966e": " 60 percent of California's population.", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7704": " the Colorado", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7705": " Colorado", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7706": " Colorado", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7707": " the Colorado Desert and the Colorado River", "5705e63175f01819005e7720": "792,621", "5705e63175f01819005e7721": " 3,792,621", "5705e63175f01819005e7722": "792,621", "5705e63175f01819005e7723": "792,621", "5705e63175f01819005e7724": "792,621", "5705e99452bb891400689688": " are in the top 15", "5705e99452bb891400689689": " the top 15", "5705e99452bb89140068968a": " are in the top 15", "5705e99452bb89140068968b": " are in the top 15", "5705e99452bb89140068968c": " are in the top 15", "5705eb3375f01819005e7764": " The", "5705eb3375f01819005e7765": " The", "5705eb3375f01819005e7766": " The", "5705eb3375f01819005e7767": " The", "5705eb3375f01819005e7768": " The", "5705ec1675f01819005e776e": "Southern California is also home to a large home grown surf and skateboard culture.", "5705ec1675f01819005e776f": " Hawk", "5705ec1675f01819005e7770": " surf and skateboard culture.", "5705ec1675f01819005e7771": " surf and skateboard culture.", "5705ec1675f01819005e7772": "Southern California is also home to a large home grown surf and skateboard culture.", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b8": " the desert city", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b9": " the desert city", "5705eccb52bb8914006896ba": " the desert city", "5705eccb52bb8914006896bb": " the desert city of Palm Springs is popular for its resort", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ca": " ten southern-most counties of the state. This definition coincides neatly with the county lines", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cb": " ten southern-most counties of the state. This definition coincides neatly with the county lines", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cc": " ten southern-most counties of the state. This definition coincides neatly with the county lines", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cd": " Tehachapi", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ce": " ten southern-most counties of the state. This definition coincides neatly with the county lines", "5705eee952bb8914006896de": " 36 degrees", "5705eee952bb8914006896df": " 36 degrees", "5705eee952bb8914006896e0": " 36 degrees", "5705eee952bb8914006896e1": " 36 degrees, 30 minutes, the line of the Missouri Compromise. Instead, the passing of the Compromise of 1850", "5705eee952bb8914006896e2": " 36 degrees", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a4": " 1859, was passed by the California State Legislature and signed by the State governor John B. Weller", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a5": " Californios", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a6": " The last attempt, the Pico Act of 1859, was passed by the California State Legislature and signed by the State governor John B. Weller", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a7": "Subsequently, Californios (dissatisfied with inequitable taxes and land laws) and pro-slavery southerners", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a8": "lavery southerners", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f0": "the seven counties of Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Orange, Riverside, San Diego, Ventura and Santa Barbara.\"", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f1": " 1999, the Times added a newer county", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f2": " 1999, the Times added a newer county", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f3": "perial", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f4": " the Los Angeles Times defined southern California as including \"the seven", "5705f36452bb891400689718": " geographical phrase South of the Tehachapis", "5705f36452bb891400689719": " geographical phrase South of the Tehachapis", "5705f36452bb89140068971a": " geographical phrase South of the Tehachapis", "5705f36452bb89140068971b": " geographical phrase South of the Tehachapis", "5705f36452bb89140068971c": " geographical phrase South of the Tehachapis", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dc": " the form of San Diego\u2013Tijuana, created by the urban area spilling over into Baja California.", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dd": " the form of San Diego\u2013Tijuana, created by the urban area spilling over into Baja California.", "5705f7c875f01819005e77de": " the form of San Diego\u2013Tijuana, created by the urban area spilling over into Baja California.", "5705f7c875f01819005e77df": " suburban communities and use of automobiles and highways", "5705f7c875f01819005e77e0": " the form of San Diego\u2013Tijuana, created by the urban area spilling over into Baja California.", "5705fb7f52bb891400689750": "desert portions) were developed in the 1980s and 1990", "5705fb7f52bb891400689751": "desert portions) were developed in the 1980s and 1990", "5705fb7f52bb891400689752": "desert portions) were developed in the 1980s and 1990", "5705fb7f52bb891400689753": "desert portions) were developed in the 1980s and 1990", "5705fb7f52bb891400689754": " Interstate 5", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976a": " Mediterranean climate, with infrequent rain and many sunny days.", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976b": " Mediterranean", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976c": " Mediterranean climate, with infrequent rain and many sunny days.", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976d": " Mediterranean climate, with infrequent rain and many sunny days. Summers are hot and dry, while winters are a bit warm or mild and wet.", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976e": " Mediterranean climate, with infrequent rain and many sunny days.", "5705fd8475f01819005e7841": " their peaks, into the large and small interior valleys, to the vast deserts of California.", "5705fd8475f01819005e7840": " geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes in a diversity outnumbering other major regions in the state and country.", "5705fd8475f01819005e7842": " their peaks, into the large and small interior valleys, to the vast deserts of California.", "5705fd8475f01819005e7843": " their peaks, into the large and small interior valleys, to the vast deserts of California.", "5705fd8475f01819005e7844": " geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes in a diversity outnumbering other major regions in the state and country.", "5705fec152bb89140068977a": " 10,000 earthquakes. Nearly all of them are so small that they are not felt. Only several hundred are greater than magnitude 3.", "5705fec152bb89140068977b": " 10,000 earthquakes. Nearly all of them are so small that they are not felt. Only several hundred are greater than magnitude 3.", "5705fec152bb89140068977c": " hundred are greater than magnitude 3.0, and only about 15\u201320 are greater than magnitude 4.0. The magnitude 6.7", "5705fec152bb89140068977d": " the southern California area has about 10,000 earthquakes", "5705fec152bb89140068977e": " the southern California area has about 10,000 earthquakes", "5705ffde52bb891400689784": " 6.7+ earthquake, such as the San Andreas Fault", "5705ffde52bb891400689785": " 6.7+ earthquake, such as the San Andreas Fault", "5705ffde52bb891400689786": " California Earthquake forecast which models Earthquake occurrence in California.", "5705ffde52bb891400689787": " magnitude 6.7+ earthquake, such as the San Andreas Fault", "5705ffde52bb891400689788": " Earthquake occurrence in California.", "570602fa52bb89140068979e": " California", "570602fa52bb89140068979f": " California atmosphere.", "570602fa52bb8914006897a0": "Southern California is divided culturally, politically, and economically into distinctive regions, each containing its own culture and atmosphere, anchored usually by a city", "570603c475f01819005e7882": " the northern part of the state due to a stronger, tech-oriented economy in the Bay Area and an emerging Greater Sacramento region", "570603c475f01819005e7883": " 22,680,010", "570603c475f01819005e7884": " 22,680,010", "570603c475f01819005e7885": " 22,680,010", "570603c475f01819005e7886": " 22,680", "5706074552bb8914006897d4": " Combined Statistical Area, eight", "5706074552bb8914006897d5": " Combined Statistical Area, eight", "5706074552bb8914006897d6": " Combined Statistical Area, eight", "5706074552bb8914006897d7": " Combined Statistical Area, eight Metropolitan Statistical Areas, one international metropolitan area, and multiple metropolitan divisions. The region is", "5706074552bb8914006897d8": " Combined Statistical Area, eight", "570607f575f01819005e78b4": " twelve cities with more than 200,", "570607f575f01819005e78b5": " twelve cities with more than 200,", "570607f575f01819005e78b6": " twelve cities with more than 200,", "570607f575f01819005e78b7": " twelve cities with more than 200,000 residents and 34 cities over 100,", "570607f575f01819005e78b8": " the exception of San Bernardino and Riverside", "5706094b52bb8914006897de": " petroleum, as opposed", "5706094b52bb8914006897df": " petroleum, as opposed", "5706094b52bb8914006897e0": "Southern California's economy is diverse and one of the largest in the United States. It is dominated and heavily dependent upon abundance of petroleum, as opposed", "5706094b52bb8914006897e1": " petroleum, as opposed", "5706094b52bb8914006897e2": "Southern California's economy is diverse and one of the largest in the United States. It is dominated and heavily dependent upon abundance of petroleum, as opposed", "57060a1175f01819005e78d2": " the 1920s, motion pictures, petroleum and aircraft manufacturing have been major", "57060a1175f01819005e78d3": " the 1920s, motion pictures, petroleum and aircraft manufacturing have been major industries.", "57060a1175f01819005e78d5": " the 1920s, motion pictures, petroleum and aircraft manufacturing have been major industries.", "57060a1175f01819005e78d4": " motion pictures, petroleum and aircraft manufacturing have been major industries. In one of the richest agricultural regions in the U.S., cattle and citrus", "57060a1175f01819005e78d6": " military spending cutbacks", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f8": " Downtown Los Angeles, Downtown San Diego, Downtown San Bernardino, Downtown Bakersfield, South Coast Metro and Downtown Riverside.", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f9": " Downtown Los Angeles, Downtown San Diego, Downtown San Bernardino, Downtown Bakersfield, South Coast Metro and Downtown Riverside.", "57060a6e52bb8914006897fa": " Downtown Los Angeles, Downtown San Diego, Downtown San Bernardino, Downtown Bakersfield, South Coast Metro and Downtown Riverside.", "57060cc352bb89140068980e": " Downtown Los Angeles central business district as well as those lining the Wilshire Boulevard Miracle Mile", "57060cc352bb89140068980f": " the Downtown Los Angeles central business district as well as those lining the Wilshire Boulevard Miracle Mile", "57060cc352bb891400689810": " Century City, Westwood and Warner Center", "57060cc352bb891400689811": " the Downtown Los Angeles central business district as well as those lining the Wilshire Boulevard Miracle Mile", "57060df252bb891400689820": " the business districts", "57060df252bb891400689821": " Hospitality Business/Financial Centre, University Town which are in San Bernardino and Downtown Riverside", "57060df252bb891400689822": "The San Bernardino-Rivers", "57060eaf75f01819005e7910": " Downtown Santa Ana, the South Coast Metro and Newport Center", "57060eaf75f01819005e7911": " Downtown Santa Ana, the South Coast Metro and Newport Center", "57060eaf75f01819005e7912": " Downtown Santa Ana, the South Coast Metro and Newport Center", "57060eaf75f01819005e7913": " the South Coast Metro and Newport Center", "57060eaf75f01819005e7914": " Downtown Santa Ana, the South Coast Metro and Newport Center", "57060f3e75f01819005e7922": " the city is filled with business districts", "57060f3e75f01819005e7923": " the city is filled with business districts", "57060f3e75f01819005e7924": " the city is filled with business districts", "57060f3e75f01819005e7925": " the city is filled with business districts.", "570610b275f01819005e792a": " Los Angeles International Airport, the second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume (see World's busiest airports by passenger traffic", "570610b275f01819005e792b": "Southern California is home to Los Angeles International Airport, the second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume (see World's busiest airports", "570610b275f01819005e792c": "Southern California is home to Los Angeles International Airport, the second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume (see World's busiest airports", "570610b275f01819005e792d": " Los Angeles International Airport, the second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume (see World's busiest airports by passenger traffic", "570610b275f01819005e792e": " Los Angeles International Airport, the second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume (see World's busiest airports by passenger traffic", "5706111a52bb89140068984c": "Six of the seven lines of the commuter rail system, Metrolink, run out of Downtown", "5706111a52bb89140068984d": " Downtown", "5706111a52bb89140068984e": "Six of the seven lines of the commuter rail system, Metrolink, run out of Downtown Los", "5706111a52bb89140068984f": "Six of the seven lines of the commuter rail", "570611c475f01819005e793c": "Southern California", "570611c475f01819005e793d": "Southern California", "570611c475f01819005e793e": " the Port of Los Angeles, the United States' busiest", "5706139252bb891400689864": "The Tech Coast", "5706139252bb891400689865": " Chapman University, the Claremont Colleges (Claremont McKenna College, Harvey Mudd College, Pitzer College, Pomona College, and Scripp", "5706139252bb891400689866": " Chapman University, the Claremont Colleges (Claremont McKenna College, Harvey Mudd College, Pitzer College, Pomona College, and Scripp", "5706139252bb891400689867": " diversified technology and industrial base as well as its multitude of prestigious and world-renowned research universities and other public and private institutions.", "5706139252bb891400689868": " Chapman University, the Claremont Colleges (Claremont McKenna College, Harvey Mudd College, Pitzer College, Pomona College, and Scripp", "5706143575f01819005e7950": " (Los Angeles Lakers, Los Angeles Clippers); MLB (Los", "5706143575f01819005e7951": "Professional sports", "5706143575f01819005e7952": "Professional sports", "5706143575f01819005e7953": "Professional sports", "5706143575f01819005e7954": "Professional sports", "5706149552bb891400689880": " StubHub Center and were local rivals. However, Chivas were suspended following the 2014 MLS season, with a second MLS team scheduled to return in 2018", "5706149552bb891400689881": " StubHub Center and were local rivals. However, Ch", "5706149552bb891400689882": " StubHub Center and were local rivals. However, Chivas were suspended following the 2014 MLS season, with a second MLS team scheduled to return in 2018", "5706149552bb891400689883": " StubHub Center and were local rivals. However, Ch", "5706149552bb891400689884": " StubHub Center and were local rivals. However, Chivas were suspended following the 2014 MLS season, with a second MLS team scheduled to return in 2018", "570614ff52bb89140068988a": " The UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans both field teams in NCAA Division I in the Pac-12", "570614ff52bb89140068988b": "College sports", "570614ff52bb89140068988c": " The UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans both field teams in NCAA Division I in the Pac-12", "570614ff52bb89140068988d": " The UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans both field teams in NCAA Division I in the Pac-12", "570614ff52bb89140068988e": " The UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans both field teams in NCAA Division I in the Pac-12", "5706155352bb891400689894": "ugby", "5706155352bb891400689895": " the high school level, with increasing numbers of schools adding rugby as an official school sport.", "5706155352bb891400689896": " growing sport in southern California", "57092322efce8f15003a7db0": " November", "57092322efce8f15003a7db1": " November", "57092322efce8f15003a7db2": " November", "57092322efce8f15003a7db3": "ed in November", "57092322efce8f15003a7db4": " the company name from British Sky Broadcasting Limited to Sky UK Limited", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc4": " Irish broadcaster Setanta Sports was awarded two of the six Premier League packages that the English FA", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc5": " Irish broadcaster Setanta Sports was awarded two of the six Premier League packages that the English FA", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc6": " Irish broadcaster Setanta Sports was awarded two of the six Premier League packages that the English FA", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc7": " BSkyB's monopoly came to an end from the 2007\u201308 season. In May 2006, the Irish broadcaster Setanta Sports", "57094b4f9928a814004714f6": " ONdigital consortium, thereby making them a competitor by default, BSkyB was able to join ITV Digital", "57094b4f9928a814004714f7": " ONdigital consortium, thereby making them a competitor by default, BSkyB was able to join ITV Digital", "57094b4f9928a814004714f8": " ONdigital consortium, thereby making them a competitor by default, BSkyB was able to join ITV Digital", "57094b4f9928a814004714f9": " Sky Three", "57094b4f9928a814004714fa": " Sky Three", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd6": " Sky+ PVR", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd7": "BSkyB initially charged additional subscription fees for using a Sky+ PVR", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd8": "BSkyB initially charged additional subscription fees for using a Sky+ PVR with their service", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd9": "BSkyB initially charged additional subscription fees for using a Sky+ PVR with their service", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dda": " BSkyB discontinued the Sky+ Box", "57094d489928a8140047150a": " NDS", "57094d489928a8140047150b": " NDS", "57094d489928a8140047150c": " NDS", "57094d489928a8140047150d": " Personal video recorder (PVR) offering (branded Sky+).", "57094d489928a8140047150e": " DVB CAMs (conditional-access modules). BSkyB has design authority over all digital satellite receivers", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dff": " NTL and Telewest", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dfe": " NTL and Telewest", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e00": " NTL and Telewest", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e01": " Virgin Media", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e02": " Virgin Media", "570960cf200fba1400367f01": " \"SkyDrive\" infring", "570960cf200fba1400367f02": " the English High Court of Justice", "570960cf200fba1400367f03": " the English High Court of Justice", "570960cf200fba1400367f04": " the English High Court of Justice", "570960cf200fba1400367f05": " the English High Court of Justice", "570961aa200fba1400367f15": " September 1993", "570961aa200fba1400367f16": " Astra's satellites", "570961aa200fba1400367f17": " Astra's satellites, as well as introducing new channels. The service continued until the closure of BSkyB's analogue service", "570961aa200fba1400367f18": " Astra's satellites, as well as introducing new channels. The service continued until the closure of BSkyB's analogue service", "570961aa200fba1400367f19": "The service started on 1 September 1993", "570963a5200fba1400367f33": " Freeview", "570963a5200fba1400367f34": " Freeview", "570963a5200fba1400367f35": " Freeview", "570963a5200fba1400367f36": " Freeview", "57096505ed30961900e84082": " Sky announced Sky Q, a range of products and services to be available in 2016. The Sky Q range consists of three", "57096505ed30961900e84083": " Sky announced Sky Q, a range of products and services", "57096505ed30961900e84084": " Sky announced Sky Q, a range of products and services to be available in 2016", "57096505ed30961900e84085": " Sky Q, a range of products and services to be available in 2016. The Sky Q range consists of three", "57096505ed30961900e84086": " Sky announced Sky Q, a range of products and services to be available in 2016. The Sky Q range consists of three", "570966e0200fba1400367f4f": " Interactive services and 7-day EPG use the proprietary OpenTV system", "570966e0200fba1400367f50": " DVB-compliant MPEG-2, with the Sky Movies and Sky Box Office channels including optional Dolby Digital soundtracks", "570966e0200fba1400367f51": " Interactive services and 7-day EPG use the proprietary OpenTV system", "570966e0200fba1400367f52": " Interactive services and 7-day EPG use the proprietary OpenTV system", "570966e0200fba1400367f53": " Interactive services and 7-day EPG use the proprietary OpenTV system", "570967c4ed30961900e840ba": " Astra 2A satellite which was located at the 28.5\u00b0E orbital position, unlike the analogue service", "570967c4ed30961900e840bb": " Astra 2A satellite which was located at the 28.5\u00b0E orbital position, unlike the analogue service", "570967c4ed30961900e840bc": " Astra 2A satellite which was located at the 28.5\u00b0E orbital position, unlike the analogue service", "570967c4ed30961900e840bd": " Astra 2A satellite which was located at the 28.5\u00b0E orbital position, unlike the analogue service", "570967c4ed30961900e840be": " Kingdom", "5709686c200fba1400367f77": " May 2006", "5709686c200fba1400367f78": "BSkyB launched its HDTV service, Sky+ HD, on 22 May 2006", "5709686c200fba1400367f79": " Thomson", "5709686c200fba1400367f7a": "BSkyB launched its HDTV service, Sky+ HD, on 22 May", "5709686c200fba1400367f7b": " BSkyB claimed that 40,000 people had registered to receive the HD service.", "57096b66200fba1400367fa7": " Virgin Media. However, industry sources believe BSkyB will be forced to shelve plans to withdraw its channels from Freeview", "57096b66200fba1400367fa8": " Freeview", "57096b66200fba1400367fa9": " Freeview", "57096b66200fba1400367faa": " Virgin Media", "57096b66200fba1400367fab": " Freeview", "57096c95200fba1400367fbb": " Ku band LNB", "57096c95200fba1400367fbc": " digital receivers will receive the free to air channels. Some broadcasts are free-to-air and unencrypted", "57096c95200fba1400367fbd": " digital receivers will receive the free to air channels", "57096c95200fba1400367fbe": " Ku band LNB", "57096c95200fba1400367fbf": " Sky service, and cannot be used to decrypt other services) needs to be used.", "57096e1ced30961900e84102": " BSkyB paying \u00a3304m for the Premier League rights, would give them a monopoly of all live matches, up to 60 per", "57096e1ced30961900e84103": " BSkyB paying \u00a3304m for the Premier League rights, would give them a monopoly of all live matches, up to 60 per", "57096e1ced30961900e84104": " BSkyB paying \u00a3304m for the Premier League rights, would give them a monopoly of all live matches, up to 60 per", "57096e1ced30961900e84105": " BSkyB paying \u00a3304m for the Premier League rights, would give them a monopoly of all live matches, up to 60 per", "57096e1ced30961900e84106": " BSkyB paying \u00a3304m for the Premier League rights, would give them a monopoly of all live matches, up to 60 per", "57096f37200fba1400367fe5": " Ofcom", "57096f37200fba1400367fe6": " Ofcom. Any channel which can get carriage on a suitable beam of a satellite at 28\u00b0 East is entitled to access to BSkyB's E", "57096f37200fba1400367fe7": " Ofcom", "57096f37200fba1400367fe8": " Ofcom", "57096f37200fba1400367fe9": " Ofcom", "57097051ed30961900e84132": "BSkyB's digital service was officially launched on 1 October 1998 under the name Sky Digital", "57097051ed30961900e84133": "BSkyB's digital service was officially launched on 1 October 1998 under the name Sky Digital", "57097051ed30961900e84134": " Digital", "57097051ed30961900e84135": " October 1998 under the name Sky Digital", "57097051ed30961900e84136": " ONdigital (later ITV Digital) terrestrial offering and cable services. Within 30 days, over 100,", "57097141200fba1400367ff9": " Channel 4 HD in the future. Nonetheless, the linear channels were not offered, Virgin Media instead concentrating on its Video On Demand service", "57097141200fba1400367ffa": " Channel 4 HD in the future. Nonetheless, the linear channels were not offered, Virgin Media instead concentrating on its Video On Demand service", "57097141200fba1400367ffb": " Channel 4 HD in the future. Nonetheless, the linear channels were not offered, Virgin Media instead concentrating on its Video On Demand service", "57097141200fba1400367ffc": " Channel 4 HD in the future. Nonetheless, the linear channels were not offered, Virgin Media instead concentrating on its Video On Demand service", "57097141200fba1400367ffd": " Channel 4 HD in the future. Nonetheless, the linear channels were not offered, Virgin Media instead concentrating on its Video On Demand service", "57097b50200fba140036804d": " BSkyB's direct-to-home service", "57097b50200fba140036804e": " BSkyB's direct-to-home service", "57097b50200fba140036804f": " BSkyB's direct-to-home service", "57097b50200fba1400368050": " BSkyB's direct-to-home service", "57097b50200fba1400368051": " BSkyB's direct-to-home service", "57097c8fed30961900e841f2": " BSkyB was \u2018often damaging\u2019, along with alcohol, tobacco and gambling. Conservative MP Alec Shelbro", "57097c8fed30961900e841f3": " BSkyB was \u2018often damaging\u2019, along with alcohol, tobacco and gambling. Conservative MP Alec Shelbrooke", "57097c8fed30961900e841f4": " BSkyB was \u2018often damaging\u2019, along with alcohol, tobacco and gambling. Conservative MP Alec Shelbrooke", "57097c8fed30961900e841f5": "The Daily Mail newspaper reported in 2012 that the UK government's benefits agency", "57097c8fed30961900e841f6": " BSkyB was \u2018often damaging\u2019, along with alcohol, tobacco and gambling. Conservative MP Alec Shelbrooke", "57097d63ed30961900e841fc": " BSkyB", "57097d63ed30961900e841fd": " BSkyB", "57097d63ed30961900e841fe": " BSkyB", "57097d63ed30961900e841ff": " BSkyB", "57097d63ed30961900e84200": " BSkyB", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3d": " The Melbourne", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3e": " The Melbourne", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3f": " Melbourne is home to a number of museums, art galleries and theatres and is also described as the \"sporting capital of Australia\".", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c40": " The Melbourne", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c41": " Melbourne", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c47": "Immigrants arrived from all over the world to search for gold, especially from Ireland and China.", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c48": " Ireland and China.", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c49": " Ireland and China.", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4a": "Immigrants arrived from all over the world to search for gold, especially from Ireland and China.", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4b": "Immigrants arrived from all over the world to search for gold, especially from Ireland and China.", "570d26efb3d812140066d48f": " Single Transferable Vote.", "570d26efb3d812140066d490": " Single Transferable Vote.", "570d26efb3d812140066d491": " Single Transferable Vote.", "570d26efb3d812140066d492": " Single Transferable Vote. The total number of upper house members was reduced from 44 to 40", "570d26efb3d812140066d493": " November every four years.", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a3": "AL", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a4": "AL", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a5": "AL", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a6": "AL", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a7": "AL", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bd": " Anglicans and members of the Uniting Church.", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4be": " Anglicans and members of the Uniting Church.", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bf": " Anglicans and members of the Uniting Church.", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c0": " Anglicans and members of the Uniting Church.", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c1": " Anglicans and members of the Uniting Church.", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c93": " the south-east of Australia. Victoria is Australia's most densely populated state and its second-most populous state overall.", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c94": " is concentrated in the area surrounding Port Phillip", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c95": " Vic) is a state in the south-east of Australia. Victoria is Australia's most densely populated state and its second-most populous state overall.", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c96": " Vic) is a state in the south-east of Australia. Victoria is Australia's most densely populated state and its second-most populous state overall.", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c97": " Vic) is a state in the south-east of Australia. Victoria is Australia's most densely populated state and its second-most populous state overall.", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca7": " Victorian gold rush in the 1850s and 1860", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca8": " the entire Australian continent east of the 135th meridian", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca9": " The Victorian gold rush in the 1850s and 1860", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45caa": " Victorian gold rush in the 1850s and 1860", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45cab": " The Victorian gold rush in the 1850s and 1860", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbb": " pears and third of apples.", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbc": " pears and third of apples.", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbd": " are sown for grain, mostly in the state's west. More than 50% of this area is s", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbe": " 26,000", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbf": " The main vegetable crops include asparagus, broccoli, carrots, potatoes and tomatoes.", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45ccf": " 1975", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd0": " 1975", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd1": " the Parliament of Victoria", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd2": " Victorian Constitution can be amended by the Parliament of Victoria", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd3": " Victorian Constitution can be amended by the Parliament of Victoria", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce3": " Hopetoun", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce4": " Hopetoun", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce5": " hot winds blowing from nearby semi-deserts. Average temperatures exceed 32 \u00b0C (90 \u00b0F) during summer and 15 \u00b0C (59", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce6": " \u00b0C (119.8 \u00b0F) was recorded in Hopetoun", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce7": " \u00b0C (119.8 \u00b0F) was recorded in Hopetoun", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d01": " fee-paying schools", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d02": " parish schools run by the Roman Catholic Church and independent schools similar to British public schools", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d03": " fee-paying schools", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d04": " parish schools run by the Roman Catholic Church and independent schools similar to British public schools", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d05": " parish schools run by the Roman Catholic Church and independent schools similar to British public schools", "570d3468b3d812140066d543": " the manufacturing plants of the major car brands Ford, Toyota and Holden; however, closure announcements by all three companies", "570d3468b3d812140066d544": " Ford, Toyota and Holden; however, closure announcements by all three companies in the 21st century will mean that Australia will no", "570d3468b3d812140066d545": " Ford, Toyota and Holden; however, closure announcements by all three companies in the 21st century will mean that Australia will no", "570d3468b3d812140066d546": " Ford, Toyota and Holden; however, closure announcements by all three companies in the 21st century will mean that Australia will no", "570d3468b3d812140066d547": " Ford's decision in December of the same year (Ford's Victorian plants\u2014in Broadme", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54d": " pink heath (state flower), Leadbeater's possum (state animal) and the helmeted honeyeater (state bird).", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54e": " pink heath (state flower), Leadbeater's possum (state animal) and the helmeted honeyeater (state bird).", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54f": " pink heath (state flower), Leadbeater's possum (state animal) and the helmeted honeyeater (state bird).", "570d35b7b3d812140066d550": " pink heath (state flower), Leadbeater's possum (state animal) and the helmeted honeyeater (state bird).", "570d35b7b3d812140066d551": " pink heath (state flower), Leadbeater's possum (state animal) and the helmeted honeyeater (state bird).", "570d391fb3d812140066d575": " 9 \u00b0C (48 \u00b0F) in winter and below 0 \u00b0C (32", "570d391fb3d812140066d576": " the coldest part of Victoria. The Alps are part of the Great Dividing", "570d391fb3d812140066d577": " The Alps are part of the Great Dividing", "570d391fb3d812140066d578": " The state's lowest minimum temperature of \u221211.7 \u00b0C (10.9 \u00b0F) was recorded at Omeo on 13 June", "570d391fb3d812140066d579": " The state's lowest minimum temperature of \u221211.7 \u00b0C (10.9 \u00b0F) was recorded at Omeo on 13 June", "570d4030fed7b91900d45d9f": " Metro Trains", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da0": " Metro Trains", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da1": "Rail transport in Victoria is provided by several private and public railway", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da2": " Metro Trains", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da3": "Rail transport in Victoria is provided by several private and public railway operators", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbd": " the Parliament of Victoria consists of the Legislative Assembly (the lower house) and the Legislative Council (the upper house).", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbe": " 37", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbf": " the Parliament of Victoria consists of the Legislative Assembly (the lower house) and the Legislative Council (the upper house).", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc0": " the Parliament of Victoria consists of the Legislative Assembly (the lower house) and the Legislative Council (the upper house). Victoria is currently", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc1": " 37", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd7": " gold", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd8": " gold was", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd9": " gold", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dda": " 76,000 to 540,000", "570d4329fed7b91900d45ddb": " gold", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fd": " 540,800 students were enrolled in public schools, and just over 311,800 in private schools. Over 61 per", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fe": " 540,800 students were enrolled in public schools, and just over 311,800 in private schools. Over 61 per", "570d44abb3d812140066d5ff": " 540,800 students were enrolled in public schools, and just over 311,800 in private schools. Over 61 per", "570d44abb3d812140066d600": " 540,800 students were enrolled in public schools, and just over 311,800 in private schools. Over 61 per", "570d44abb3d812140066d601": " 540,800 students were enrolled in public schools, and just over 311,800 in private schools. Over 61 per", "570d4606b3d812140066d619": " The state also has 2.4 million beef cattle, with more than", "570d4606b3d812140066d61a": " 60% of Australia's 3 million dairy cattle and produces nearly two-thirds of the nation's milk, almost 6.4 billion litres.", "570d4606b3d812140066d61b": " The state also has 2.4 million beef cattle, with more than 2.2 million cattle and calves slaughtered each year.", "570d4606b3d812140066d61c": " The state also has 2.4 million beef cattle, with more than 2.2 million cattle and calves slaughtered each year.", "570d4606b3d812140066d61d": " The state also has 2.4 million beef cattle, with more than 2.2 million cattle and calves slaughtered each year.", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62d": " broad gauge. However, the interstate trunk routes", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62e": " Victorian lines mainly use the 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) broad gauge. However, the interstate trunk routes", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62f": " broad gauge. However, the interstate trunk routes", "570d47b8b3d812140066d630": " Victorian lines mainly use the 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) broad gauge. However, the interstate trunk routes", "570d47b8b3d812140066d631": " Victorian lines mainly use the 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) broad gauge. However, the interstate trunk routes", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e13": " 1788, Australia was divided into an eastern half named New South Wales and a western half named New Holland", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e14": "5", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e15": " 1788, Australia was divided into an eastern half named New South Wales and a western half named New Holland", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e16": " 1788, Australia was divided into an eastern half named New South Wales and a western half named New Holland", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e31": " 1854 at Ballarat there was an armed rebellion against the government of Victoria", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e33": " 1854 at Ballarat there was an armed rebellion against the government of Victoria", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e32": " 1854 at Ballarat there was an armed rebellion against the government of Victoria", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e34": " Imperial Parliament granted Victoria responsible government with the passage of the Colony of Victoria Act 1855", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e35": " Imperial Parliament granted Victoria responsible government with the passage of the Colony of Victoria Act 1855", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66d": " Australian Constitution, such as education, health and law enforcement. The current Premier of Victoria is Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66e": " Australian Constitution, such as education, health and law enforcement. The current Premier of Victoria is Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66f": " Australian Constitution, such as education, health and law enforcement. The current Premier of Victoria is Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d670": " Australian Constitution, such as education, health and law enforcement. The current Premier of Victoria is Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d671": " Australian Constitution, such as education, health and law enforcement. The current Premier of Victoria is Daniel Andrews", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7d": " the gross value of Victorian agricultural production increased by 17", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7e": " the gross value of Victorian agricultural production increased by 17", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7f": " 136,000 square kilometres (52,500 sq mi) of Victorian land. This comprises more than 60% of the state's total land surface.", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e80": " 136,000 square kilometres (52,500 sq mi) of Victorian land. This comprises more than 60% of the state's total land surface.", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e81": " Victorian farms range from small horticultural outfits to large-scale livestock and grain productions. A quarter of farmland is used to grow consumable crops.", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bb": " V8", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bc": " V8", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bd": " V8", "570d529fb3d812140066d6be": " V8", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bf": " V8", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699e": " two million", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699f": " 1562", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a0": " two million", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a1": " two million", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a2": " 1562", "57106185b654c5140001f8db": " Guise. The move would have had the side effect of fostering relations with the Swiss. Thus, Hugues plus Eidgenosse by way", "57106185b654c5140001f8dd": " Swiss politician Besan\u00e7on", "57106185b654c5140001f8dc": " Swiss politician Besan\u00e7on Hugues (died 15", "57106185b654c5140001f8de": " The move would have had the side effect of fostering relations with the Swiss. Thus, Hugues plus Eidgenosse by way", "57106185b654c5140001f8df": " Guise. The move would have had the side effect of fostering relations with the Swiss. Thus, Hugues plus Eidgenosse by way", "57106644b654c5140001f8e5": " The country had a long history of struggles with the papacy", "57106644b654c5140001f8e6": " The country had a long history of struggles with the papacy by the time the Protestant Reformation", "57106644b654c5140001f8e7": " The country had a long history of struggles with the papacy", "57106644b654c5140001f8e8": " The country had a long history of struggles with the papacy", "57106644b654c5140001f8e9": " The country had a long history of struggles with the papacy by the time the Protestant Reformation", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8ef": " 66 \"villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9\" that the Edict of 1598", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f0": " 66 \"villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9\" that the Edict of 1598", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f2": " 66 \"villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9\" that the Edict of 1598", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f1": " 66 \"villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9\" that the Edict of 1598", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f3": " 66 \"villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9\" that the Edict of 1598", "571077ecb654c5140001f909": " The first Huguenot to arrive at the Cape of Good", "571077ecb654c5140001f90a": " The first Huguenot to arrive at the Cape of Good", "571077ecb654c5140001f90b": " The first Huguenot to arrive at the Cape of Good", "571077ecb654c5140001f90c": "Individual Huguenots settled at the Cape of Good Hope", "571077ecb654c5140001f90d": " 1700", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ca": " Huguenots established a congregation as L'\u00c9glise fran\u00e7aise \u00e0 la Nouvelle-Amsterdam", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cb": " Huguenots established a congregation as L'\u00c9glise fran\u00e7aise \u00e0 la Nouvelle-Amsterdam", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cc": " Huguenots established a congregation as L'\u00c9glise fran\u00e7aise \u00e0 la Nouvelle-Amsterdam", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cd": " Huguenots established a congregation as L'\u00c9glise fran\u00e7aise \u00e0 la Nouvelle-Amsterdam", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ce": " Huguenots established a congregation as L'\u00c9glise fran\u00e7aise \u00e0 la Nouvelle-Amsterdam", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69df": " the early years, many Huguenots also settled in the area of present-day Charleston", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e1": " Deep South and Texas", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e2": " Huguenots also settled in the area of present-day Charleston, South Carolina. In 1685, Rev. Elie Priole", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e0": " Charleston", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69de": " Charleston", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e8": "older", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e9": " 1672. William formed the League of Augsburg", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ea": " 1672. William formed the League of Augsburg as a coalition to oppose Louis and the French", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69eb": "older", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ec": "older", "57107d73b654c5140001f91d": " religious warfare", "57107d73b654c5140001f91e": " Huguenots to be abolished following their defeat. They retained the religious provisions of the Edict of Nantes", "57107d73b654c5140001f91f": " religious warfare", "57107d73b654c5140001f920": " religious warfare", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f2": " 5,000 to 30", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f3": " 5,000 to 30", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f4": " 5,000 to 30", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f5": " 5,000 to 30", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f6": " 5,000 to 30", "57108073b654c5140001f927": " Huguenots were on the defensive, and the government increasingly applied pressure. A series of three small civil wars", "57108073b654c5140001f926": " 1621 and 1629. revolted against royal authority. The uprising occurred a decade following the death of Henry IV, a Hugu", "57108073b654c5140001f928": " three small civil wars known as the Huguenot rebellions", "57108073b654c5140001f929": " three small civil wars", "57108073b654c5140001f925": " three small civil wars", "57108198b654c5140001f937": " diaspora of French Australians", "57108198b654c5140001f938": " diaspora of French Australians", "57108198b654c5140001f939": " diaspora of French Australians", "57108198b654c5140001f93a": " diaspora of French Australians", "57108198b654c5140001f93b": " diaspora of French Australians", "57108c95b654c5140001f979": "ot immigrants", "57108c95b654c5140001f97a": "ot immigrants", "57108c95b654c5140001f97b": " been designated a National Historic Landmark site", "57108c95b654c5140001f97c": " Huguenots", "57108c95b654c5140001f97d": " Historic District\" in New P", "57108d69b654c5140001f983": " 75,000 to 100,", "57108d69b654c5140001f984": " 75,000 to 100,", "57108d69b654c5140001f985": " 75,000 to 100,", "57108d69b654c5140001f986": " 75,000 to 100,", "57108d69b654c5140001f987": " 75,000 to 100,", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1a": " Huguon, the gate of King Hugo, was haunted by the ghost of le roi Huguet", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1b": " Huguon, the gate of King Hugo, was haunted by the ghost of le roi Huguet", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1c": " Huguon, the gate of King Hugo, was haunted by the ghost of le roi Huguet", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1d": " Huguon, the gate of King Hugo, was haunted by the ghost of le roi Huguet", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1e": " the name could suggest the derogatory inference of superstitious worship", "571090abb654c5140001f995": " economic separation was the condition of the refugees", "571090abb654c5140001f996": " economic separation was the condition of the refugees", "571090abb654c5140001f997": " economic separation was the condition of the refugees", "571090abb654c5140001f998": " economic separation was the condition of the refugees", "571090abb654c5140001f999": " economic separation was the condition of the refugees", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a41": " Huguenots served as mayors in Dublin, Cork, Youghal and Waterford in the 17th and 18", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a40": " French Church", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a42": " Huguenots served as mayors in Dublin, Cork, Youghal and Waterford in the 17th and 18", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a43": " Huguenots served as mayors in Dublin, Cork, Youghal and Waterford in the 17th and 18", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a44": " French church in Portar", "57109275b654c5140001f99f": "The exodus of Huguenots from France created a brain drain, as many Huguenots had occupied important places in society.", "57109275b654c5140001f9a0": " religious dissenters", "57109275b654c5140001f9a1": " Huguenots from France created a brain drain, as many Huguenots had occupied important places in society.", "57109275b654c5140001f9a2": " Huguenots from France created a brain drain, as many Huguenots had occupied important places in society.", "57109275b654c5140001f9a3": " Huguenots from France created a brain drain, as many Huguenots had occupied important places in society.", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5c": "The pattern of warfare", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5d": " The Ed", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5e": " 1598", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5f": " The warfare was definitively quelled in 1598", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a60": " the Edict of Nantes", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a66": " French", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a67": " French", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a68": " French", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a69": " French refugees, providing money from both government and private agencies to aid their relocation. Those Huguenots who stayed in France became Catholics", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a6a": " French", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a76": " French colonisers who arrived in Brazil in 1555 to found France Antarctique", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a77": " 1555 to found France Antarctique", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a78": " 1555 to found France Antarctique", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a79": " 1555 to found France Antarctique", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a7a": " Confession of Faith, became the first Protestant confession of faith in the whole of the Americas.[c", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a86": " The wine industry in South Africa owes a significant debt to the Huguenots, some of whom had vineyards in France", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a87": " French names. Many families, today mostly Afrikaans-speaking, have surnames indicating their French Huguenot ancestry.", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a88": " French names. Many families, today mostly Afrikaans-speaking, have surnames indicating their French Huguenot ancestry.", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a89": " Afrikaans-speaking, have surnames indicating their French Huguenot ancestry.", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a98": "Paul Revere", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a99": "Paul Revere", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9a": "Paul Revere", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9b": "Paul Revere", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9c": "Paul Revere", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab2": " Huguenots settled in Bedfordshire", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab3": " The implication that the style of lace known as 'Bucks Point' demonstrates a Hugu", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab4": " The implication that the style of lace known as 'Bucks Point' demonstrates a Hugu", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab5": " The implication that the style of lace known as 'Bucks Point' demonstrates a Hugu", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b3": " the Huguenots created two new neighbourhoods: Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt. By 1700", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b4": " Huguenots created two new neighbourhoods: Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt. By 1700", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b5": " 1700", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b6": " the Huguenots created two new neighbourhoods: Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt. By 1700", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b7": " French speaking. The Berlin Huguenots preserved the French language in their church", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b26": " Huguenots (with estimates ranging from 200,000 to 1,000,", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b27": " 200,000 to 1,000,", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b28": " regional group known as the Camisards", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b29": " Huguenots (with estimates ranging from 200,000 to 1,000,", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b2a": " Huguenots (with estimates ranging from 200,000 to 1,000,000) fled to surrounding Protestant countries", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b30": " 1564 a group of Norman Huguenots under the leadership of Jean Ribault", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b31": " Huguenots under the leadership of Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b32": " 1564 a group of Norman Huguenots under the leadership of Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b33": " Huguenots under the leadership of Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b34": " Huguenots under the leadership of Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa17": " La Florida, and sent Pedro Men\u00e9ndez de Avil\u00e9s, who established the settlement of St. Augustine near Fort Caroline. Men\u00e9", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa18": "French Huguenots", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa19": " La Florida, and sent Pedro Men\u00e9ndez de Avil\u00e9s, who established the settlement of St. Augustine near Fort Caroline. Men\u00e9", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1a": "French Huguenots", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1b": " La Florida, and sent Pedro Men\u00e9ndez de Avil\u00e9s, who established the settlement of St. Augustine near Fort Caroline. Men\u00e9", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3a": " the English Crown had promised them land grants in Lower Norfolk County. When they arrived, colonial authorities offered them instead land 20 miles above the falls", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3b": " the English Crown had promised them land grants in Lower Norfolk County. When they arrived, colonial authorities offered them instead land 20 miles above the falls", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3c": " the English Crown had promised them land grants in Lower Norfolk County. When they arrived, colonial authorities offered them instead land 20 miles above the falls", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3d": " 18th and 19", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3e": " colonial authorities offered them instead land 20 miles above the falls", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2b": " Huguenots fought in the Low Countries", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2c": " Huguenots fought in the Low Countries alongside the Dutch", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2d": " Huguenots", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2e": " The Dutch Republic rapidly became a destination for Huguenot exiles. Early ties were already visible in the \"Apologie\"", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2f": " Huguenots fought in the Low Countries alongside the Dutch", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b60": " 50,000 Protestant Walloons and Huguenots fled to England, with many moving on to Ireland and elsewhere.", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b61": " 50,000 Protestant Walloons", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b62": " 50,000 Protestant Walloons and Huguenots fled to England, with many moving on to Ireland and elsewhere.", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b63": " Andrew Lortie (born Andr\u00e9 Lortie), a leading Huguenot theolog", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b64": " 50,000 Protestant Walloons", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b72": " French Crown's revocation of the Edict of Nantes, many Huguenots settled in Ireland in the late 17th and early 18", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b73": " French Crown's revocation of the Edict of Nantes, many Huguenots settled in Ireland in the late 17th and early 18", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b74": " French Crown's revocation of the Edict of Nantes, many Huguenots settled in Ireland in the late 17th and early 18", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b75": " French Crown's revocation of the Edict of Nantes, many Huguenots settled in Ireland in the late 17th and early 18", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b76": " French Crown's revocation of the Edict of Nantes, many Huguenots settled in Ireland in the late 17th and early 18", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa45": "Prince", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa46": " mercantil", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa47": "Prince", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa48": " the 1890s", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa49": "Prince Louis de Cond\u00e9", "5711119cb654c5140001fae3": " \u00e9migr\u00e9s relocated to Protestant European nations", "5711119cb654c5140001fae4": "The bulk of Huguenot \u00e9migr\u00e9s relocated to Protestant European nations", "5711119cb654c5140001fae6": "The bulk of Huguenot \u00e9migr\u00e9s relocated to Protestant European nations", "5711119cb654c5140001fae5": "The bulk of Huguenot \u00e9migr\u00e9s relocated to Protestant European nations", "5711119cb654c5140001fae7": " Huguenot \u00e9migr\u00e9s relocated to Protestant European nations", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcc": "French linguistic", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcd": "French linguistic", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bce": "French linguistic origins, arguing that for the word to have spread into common use in France, it must have originated in the French language.", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcf": "French linguistic", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bd0": "French linguistic origins, arguing that for the word to have spread into common use in France, it must have originated in the French language.", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd6": " Confession of 1559", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd7": " Confession of 1559", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd8": " The French Confession of 1559", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd9": " French language in 1530. William Farel was a student of Lef", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bda": " Confession of 1559", "57111428b654c5140001faff": " 15", "57111428b654c5140001fb00": " 3 October 15", "57111428b654c5140001fb01": " 3 October 15", "57111428b654c5140001fb02": " An amnesty granted in 1573", "57111429b654c5140001fb03": " 3 October 15", "571114cfb654c5140001fb09": "Louis XIV gained the throne in 1643", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0a": "Louis XIV gained the throne in 1643", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0b": "Louis XIV gained the throne in 1643", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0c": "Louis XIV gained the throne in 1643 and acted increasingly aggressively to force the Huguenots to convert.", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0d": " military troops, in an effort to forcibly convert them. In 1685, he issued the Edict of Fontainebleau", "5711163bb654c5140001fb13": " the county of Westchester on the north shore of Long Island Sound, seemed to be the great location of the Huguenots", "5711163bb654c5140001fb14": " the great location of the Huguenots in New York. It is said that they landed on the coastline peninsula of Davenports", "5711163bb654c5140001fb15": " La Rochelle", "5711163bb654c5140001fb16": " La Rochelle", "5711163bb654c5140001fb17": " La Rochelle", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c00": " Protestant denominations", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c01": " French first names", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c02": " French first names", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c03": " French first names", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c04": " French first names", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0a": " French family names", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0b": " Huguenot refugees in the Netherlands was Pierre Bayle. He started teaching in Rotterdam", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0c": " Huguenot refugees in the Netherlands was Pierre Bayle. He started teaching in Rotterdam", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0d": " French family names", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0e": " French family names, although they typically use Dutch given names", "57111992b654c5140001fb43": "The French Protestant Church of London was established by Royal Charter in 1550. It is now located at Soho Square", "57111992b654c5140001fb44": " Protestant Church of London was established by Royal Charter in 1550. It is now located at Soho", "57111992b654c5140001fb45": "The French Protestant Church of London was established by Royal Charter in 1550. It is now located at Soho Square", "57111992b654c5140001fb46": " French Protestant Church of London", "57111992b654c5140001fb47": " French Protestant Church of London was established by Royal Charter in 1550. It is now located at Soho Square", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3c": " 1685, Huguenot refugees found a safe haven in the Lutheran and Reformed states in Germany and Scandinav", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3d": " Huguenot refugees found a safe haven in the Lutheran and Reformed states in Germany and Scandinav", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3e": " 1685, Huguenot refugees found a safe haven in the Lutheran and Reformed states in Germany and Scandinav", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3f": " Huguenot refugees found a safe haven in the Lutheran and Reformed states in Germany and Scandinav", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c40": " 1685, Huguenot refugees found a safe haven in the Lutheran and Reformed states in Germany and Scandinav", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c50": " The last Prime Minister of the (East) German Democratic Republic, Lothar de Maizi\u00e8re, is also a descendant of a Hugu", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c51": " Huguenot family, as is the German Federal Minister of the Interior, Thomas de Maizi", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c52": " The last Prime Minister of the (East) German Democratic Republic, Lothar de Maizi\u00e8re, is also a descendant of a Hugu", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c53": " Huguenot family, as is the German Federal Minister of the Interior, Thomas de Maizi", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c54": " Huguenot family, as is the German Federal Minister of the Interior, Thomas de Maizi", "57112686b654c5140001fbd3": "Steam engines are external combustion engines, where the working fluid is separate from the combustion products.", "57112686b654c5140001fbd4": " Rankine cycle.", "57112686b654c5140001fbd5": " The ideal thermodynamic cycle used to analyze this process is called the Rankine cycle. In the cycle, water is heated and transforms into steam", "57112686b654c5140001fbd6": " The ideal thermodynamic cycle used to analyze this process is called the Rankine cycle. In the cycle, water is heated and transforms into steam", "57112686b654c5140001fbd7": " Rankine cycle.", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb2": " atmospheric", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb3": " Savery's steam pump", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb4": " Savery's steam pump", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb5": " atmospheric engine, invented by Thomas Newcomen", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb6": " Savery's steam pump, using a piston as proposed by Papin. Newcom", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc4": "The first full-scale working railway steam locomotive was built by Richard Trevithick", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc5": " 1804, the world's first railway journey took place as Trevithick's unnamed steam locomotive", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc6": " 1804, the world's first railway journey took place as Trevithick's unnamed steam locomotive", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc7": "The first full-scale working railway steam locomotive was built by Richard Trevithick", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc8": "The first full-scale working railway steam locomotive was built by Richard Trevithick", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0e": " Utility and industrial boilers commonly use multi-stage centrifugal", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0f": " Utility and industrial boilers commonly use multi-stage centrifugal", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d10": " Utility and industrial boilers commonly use multi-stage centrifugal", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d11": " Utility", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d12": " Utility and industrial boilers commonly use multi-stage centrifugal", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d18": " compound", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d19": " compound engine", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1a": " the Yarrow-Schlick-Twe", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1b": " the Yarrow-Schlick-Twe", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1c": " compound engine", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d22": " trip mechanisms", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d23": " trip mechanisms", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d24": " trip mechanisms", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc1f": " dampening the fire. The plugs", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc20": " dampening the fire. The plugs", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc21": " the boiler's firebox. If the water level drops, such that the temperature of the firebox crown increases significantly, the lead melts and the steam", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc22": " the boiler's firebox. If the water level drops, such that the temperature of the firebox crown increases significantly, the lead melts and the steam", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc23": " dampening the fire. The plugs are also too small in area to lower steam pressure", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d28": " James Watt", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d29": " atmospheric engines", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2a": " atmospheric engines", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2b": " James Watt", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2c": " atmospheric engines", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d32": "The history of the steam engine stretches back as far as the first century AD", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d33": " steam engine stretches back as far as the first century AD; the first recorded rudimentary steam engine being the aeolipile", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d34": "The history of the steam engine", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d35": "The history of the steam engine stretches back as far as the first century AD; the first recorded rudimentary steam engine being the aeolip", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d36": " Taqi al-Din in 1551 and by Giovanni Branca in 1629. Jer\u00f3nimo de Ayanz y Beaum", "57113f83b654c5140001fc29": " double and triple expansion engines", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2a": " double and triple expansion engines", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2b": " expansion engines", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2d": " double and triple expansion engines", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2c": " expansion engines", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5a": " the late", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5b": "The final major evolution of the steam engine design was the use of steam turbines starting in the late part of the 19th century. Steam turbines", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5c": " electric power is provided by steam turbines. In the United States 90% of the electric power is produced in this way using a variety", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5d": " heat sources. Steam turbines", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5e": " electric power is provided by steam turbines. In the United States 90% of the electric power is produced in this way using a variety", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6e": " variously combustion chamber, firebox). In some cases the heat", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6f": " variously combustion chamber, firebox). In some cases the heat", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d70": " variously combustion chamber, firebox). In some cases the heat source is a nuclear reactor, geothermal energy, solar energy or waste heat", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d71": " variously combustion chamber, firebox). In some cases the heat", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d80": " 1851, but the most successful indicator was developed for the high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d81": " 1851, but the most successful indicator was developed for the high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d82": " 1851, but the most successful indicator was developed for the high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d83": " 1851, but the most successful indicator was developed for the high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d84": " 1851, but the most successful indicator was developed for the high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8a": " LP", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8b": " LP", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8c": " LP cranks were either set at 90\u00b0 with the HP", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3d": " same port.", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3e": " same port.", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3f": " same port. The complete engine cycle occupies one rotation", "5711488ab654c5140001fc40": " same port.", "5711488ab654c5140001fc41": " same port.", "57114aceb654c5140001fc47": " thermal expansion gradient uniflow engines produce along the cylinder wall gives practical difficulties.[citation needed]. The Quasiturbine is a unif", "57114aceb654c5140001fc48": " compound systems", "57114aceb654c5140001fc49": " compound systems with the added advantage of superior part-load performance, and comparable efficiency to turbines", "57114b1a2419e31400955575": " expansion steam engine which does not require valves to direct steam", "57114b1a2419e31400955576": "ating cylinder steam engine", "57114b1a2419e31400955577": " expansion steam engine which does not require valves to direct steam", "57114b1a2419e31400955578": " expansion steam engine", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a53": " Mercury is the working fluid in the mercury", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a54": " Mercury is the working fluid in the mercury", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a55": " boiling hydrocarbons", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a56": " Mercury is the working fluid in the mercury", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5b": " pressure", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5c": " pressure", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5d": " pressure", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5f": " pressure", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5e": " pressure", "57114f0050c2381900b54a65": "Steam engines", "57114f0050c2381900b54a66": "Steam engines", "57114f0050c2381900b54a67": "Steam engines", "57114f0050c2381900b54a68": " Industrial Revolution and saw widespread commercial use driving machinery in factories, mills and mines; powering pumping stations; and propelling transport appliances", "57114f0050c2381900b54a69": " Industrial Revolution and saw widespread commercial use driving machinery in factories, mills and mines; powering pumping stations; and propelling transport appliances", "571153422419e3140095557d": " Salamanca by Matthew Murray", "571153422419e3140095557e": " 1808. Only four years later, the successful twin-cylinder locomotive Salamanca by Matthew Murray", "571153422419e3140095557f": " 1808. Only four years later, the successful twin-cylinder locomotive Salamanca by Matthew Murray", "571153422419e31400955580": " 1808. Only four years later, the successful twin-cylinder locomotive Salamanca by Matthew Murray", "571153422419e31400955581": " twin-cylinder locomotive Salamanca by Matthew Murray", "5711541350c2381900b54a6f": "HP)", "5711541350c2381900b54a70": " torque", "5711541350c2381900b54a71": " torque", "5711541350c2381900b54a72": "HP) cylinder and then enters one or more subsequent lower-pressure (LP) cylinders. The complete expansion of the steam", "571154c72419e31400955587": " Turbin", "571154c72419e31400955588": " Turbinia), steam turbines with reduction gearing", "571154c72419e31400955589": " Diesel engines, and gas turbines, have almost entirely supplanted steam propulsion", "571154c72419e3140095558a": " Diesel engines, and gas turbines, have almost entirely supplanted steam propulsion", "571154c72419e3140095558b": " Turbinia), steam turbines with reduction gearing", "571155ae2419e31400955591": " the fundamental thermodynamic underpinning of the steam engine. The cycle is an arrangement of components", "571155ae2419e31400955592": " the fundamental thermodynamic underpinning of the steam", "571155ae2419e31400955593": " the fundamental thermodynamic", "571155ae2419e31400955594": " condensing exhaust steam, producing liquid water)) to provide a practical heat/power", "571155ae2419e31400955595": " the fundamental thermodynamic underpinning of the steam engine. The cycle is an arrangement of components", "571156152419e3140095559b": " Watt in order to illustrate how much more efficient his engines were over the earlier Newcomen designs. Duty is the number of foot-pounds", "571156152419e3140095559f": " Watt in order to illustrate how much more efficient his engines were over the earlier Newcomen designs. Duty is the number of foot-pounds", "571156152419e3140095559e": " Watt in order to illustrate how much more efficient his engines were over the earlier Newcomen designs. Duty is the number of foot-pounds", "571156152419e3140095559d": " Watt in order to illustrate how much more efficient his engines were over the earlier Newcomen designs. Duty is the number of foot-pounds", "571156152419e3140095559c": " Watt in order to illustrate how much more efficient his engines were over the earlier Newcomen designs. Duty is the number of foot-pounds", "57115ac550c2381900b54a77": " energy", "57115ac550c2381900b54a78": " energy", "57115ac550c2381900b54a79": " energy", "57115ac550c2381900b54a7a": " energy", "57115b2850c2381900b54a7f": " 1698 by Thomas Savery", "57115b2850c2381900b54a80": " Bento de Moura", "57115b2850c2381900b54a81": "The first commercial steam-powered device was a water pump", "57115b2850c2381900b54a82": " Bento de Moura", "57115b2850c2381900b54a83": " Bento de Moura", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a89": " 1800 Richard Trevithick", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8a": " 1800", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8b": " 1800", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8c": " 1800 Richard Trevithick", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8d": " 1800 Richard Trevithick", "57115bf350c2381900b54a93": "nergip", "57115bf350c2381900b54a94": " the reciprocating steam engine", "57115bf350c2381900b54a95": " The efficiency of Energiproj", "57115bf350c2381900b54a96": " The efficiency of Energiproj", "57115bf350c2381900b54a97": " steam", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9d": " condensers as a cold sink. The condensers are cooled by water flow from oceans, rivers, lakes, and often by cooling towers", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9e": " condensers as a cold sink. The condensers are cooled by water flow from oceans, rivers, lakes, and often by cooling towers", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9f": " condensers as a cold sink. The condensers are cooled by water flow from oceans, rivers, lakes, and often by cooling towers", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa0": " condensers as a cold sink. The condensers are cooled by water flow from oceans, rivers, lakes, and often by cooling towers", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa1": " condensers as a cold sink. The condensers are cooled by water", "57115dbe2419e314009555a5": "ugal governor was adopted by James Watt", "57115dbe2419e314009555a6": "ugal governor was adopted by James Watt", "57115dbe2419e314009555a7": " Watt", "57115dbe2419e314009555a8": " Watt", "57115dbe2419e314009555a9": " Watt", "57115e532419e314009555af": "The adoption of compounding", "57115e532419e314009555b0": "The adoption of compounding", "57115e532419e314009555b1": "The adoption of compounding", "57115e532419e314009555b2": "The adoption of compounding", "57115e532419e314009555b3": "The adoption of compounding", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa7": " speed and momentum", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa8": " speed and momentum", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa9": " speed and momentum", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aaa": " speed and momentum", "57115f652419e314009555b9": " Spanish inventor Jer\u00f3nimo de Ayanz y Beaumont", "57115f652419e314009555ba": " Spanish inventor Jer\u00f3nimo de Ayanz y Beaum", "57115f652419e314009555bb": " Spanish inventor Jer\u00f3nimo de Ayanz y Beaum", "57115f652419e314009555bc": " 2000", "57115f652419e314009555bd": " mechanical motion goes back over 2000", "57115ff82419e314009555c3": " condenser that provides a vacuum. The stages of a steam turbine are typically arranged to extract the maximum potential work from a specific velocity and pressure", "57115ff82419e314009555c4": " condenser that provides a vacuum. The stages of a steam turbine are typically arranged to extract the maximum potential work from a specific velocity and pressure", "57115ff82419e314009555c5": " condenser that provides a vacuum. The stages of a steam turbine are typically arranged to extract the maximum potential work from a specific velocity and pressure", "57115ff82419e314009555c6": " condenser that provides a vacuum. The stages of a steam turbine are typically arranged to extract the maximum potential work from a specific velocity and pressure", "57115ff82419e314009555c7": " condenser that provides a vacuum. The stages of a steam turbine are typically arranged to extract the maximum potential work from a specific velocity and pressure", "5711607f2419e314009555cd": " mobile applications steam has been largely superseded by internal combustion engines or electric motors", "5711607f2419e314009555ce": " electric motors", "5711607f2419e314009555cf": " electric motors", "5711607f2419e314009555d0": " mobile applications steam has been largely superseded by internal combustion engines or electric motors", "5711607f2419e314009555d1": " mobile applications steam has been largely superseded by internal combustion engines or electric motors", "571161092419e314009555d7": "less rotary engine such as the Wankel", "571161092419e314009555d8": " James Watt", "571161092419e314009555d9": "less rotary engine such as the Wankel", "5711619950c2381900b54aaf": " condenser. Boulton and Watt's early engines used half as much coal as John Smeaton's improved version of Newcom", "5711619950c2381900b54ab0": " condenser. Boulton and Watt's early engines used half as much coal as John Smeaton's improved version of Newcom", "5711619950c2381900b54ab1": " condenser. Boulton and Watt's early engines used half as much coal as John Smeaton's improved version of Newcom", "5711619950c2381900b54ab2": " condenser. Boulton and Watt's early engines used half as much coal as John Smeaton's improved version of Newcom", "5711619950c2381900b54ab3": " condenser. Boulton and Watt's early engines used half as much coal as John Smeaton's improved version of Newcom", "5711623e50c2381900b54ab9": " two", "5711623e50c2381900b54aba": "Steam", "5711623e50c2381900b54abb": "Steam engines", "5711623e50c2381900b54abc": " adjustable spring-loaded valve, which is locked such that operators may not tam", "5711623e50c2381900b54abd": " engine drivers", "5711628a2419e314009555dd": " 1849, which was a four-valve counter flow engine with separate steam admission and exhaust valves and automatic variable steam cutoff. When Corl", "5711628a2419e314009555de": " horizontal engine was the Corliss steam engine, patented in 1849", "5711628a2419e314009555e1": " horizontal engine was the Corliss steam", "5711628a2419e314009555df": " horizontal engine was the Corliss steam", "5711628a2419e314009555e0": " 1849, which was a four-valve counter flow engine with separate steam admission and exhaust valves and automatic variable steam cutoff. When Corl", "571163172419e314009555e7": " Watt on a model steam engine led to the development of the separate condenser. Watt independently discovered latent heat", "571163172419e314009555e8": " Watt on a model steam engine led to the development of the separate condenser. Watt independently discovered latent heat", "571163172419e314009555e9": " condenser. Watt independently discovered latent heat", "571163172419e314009555ea": " condenser. Watt independently discovered latent heat", "571163172419e314009555eb": " condenser. Watt independently discovered latent heat", "5711648850c2381900b54ac3": " condensing the fluid, the work required by the pump consumes only 1% to 3% of the turbine power", "5711648850c2381900b54ac4": " condensing the fluid, the work required by the pump consumes only 1% to 3% of the turbine power", "5711648850c2381900b54ac5": " condensing the fluid, the work required by the pump consumes only 1% to 3% of the turbine power", "5711648850c2381900b54ac6": " condensing the fluid, the work required by the pump consumes only 1% to 3% of the turbine power", "5711651050c2381900b54acb": " condensers to recirculate the water and recover the latent heat", "5711651050c2381900b54acc": " latent heat", "5711651050c2381900b54acd": " superheaters to raise the temperature of the steam above its saturated vapour point, and various mechanisms to increase the draft", "5711651050c2381900b54ace": " condensers to recirculate the water and recover the latent heat", "5711651050c2381900b54acf": " Mechanical", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad5": " World War I, the expansion engine dominated marine applications where high vessel speed was not essential. It was however superseded by the British invention steam turbine", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad6": " the expansion engine dominated marine applications where high vessel speed was not essential. It was however superseded by the British invention steam turbine", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad7": " British invention steam turbine", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad8": " British invention steam turbine", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad9": " the expansion engine dominated marine applications where high vessel speed was not essential. It was however superseded by the British invention steam turbine", "571166352419e314009555f1": " steam turbine railroad", "571166352419e314009555f2": " steam turbine railroad", "571166352419e314009555f3": "Virtually all nuclear power plants generate electricity by heating water to provide steam that drives a turbine connected to an electrical generator.", "571166352419e314009555f4": " steam turbine railroad", "571166352419e314009555f5": "Virtually all nuclear power plants generate electricity by heating water to provide steam that drives a turbine connected to an electrical generator.", "5711669550c2381900b54adf": " heat addition (in the boiler) and rejection (in the condenser) are isobaric", "5711669550c2381900b54ae0": " condenser) are isobaric", "5711669550c2381900b54ae1": " condensation and re-evaporation", "5711669550c2381900b54ae2": " heat addition (in the boiler) and rejection (in the condenser) are isobaric", "5711669550c2381900b54ae3": " heat addition (in the boiler) and rejection (in the condenser) are isobaric", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbd": " atomic number 8", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbe": " dioxygen, a colorless and odorless diatomic gas with the formula O\n2.", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc0": " diatomic gas with the formula O\n2.", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc1": " oxide compounds such as silicon dioxide, making up almost half of the crust's mass.", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbf": " dioxygen, a colorless and odorless diatomic gas with the formula O\n2.", "571bb2269499d21900609ca9": " dioxygen, a colorless and odorless diatomic gas with the formula O\n2. Diatomic oxygen gas", "571bb2269499d21900609caa": " mass", "571bb2269499d21900609cab": " atomic number 8", "571bb2269499d21900609cad": " atomic number 8", "571bb2269499d21900609cac": " mass", "571c3a685efbb31900334db2": " dioxygen, a colorless and odorless diatomic gas with the formula O\n2.", "571c3a685efbb31900334db3": " dioxygen, a colorless and odorless diatomic gas with the formula O\n2.", "571c3a685efbb31900334db4": " dioxygen, a colorless and odorless diatomic gas with the formula O\n2.", "571c3a685efbb31900334db5": " mass", "571c3a685efbb31900334db6": " dioxygen, a colorless and odorless diatomic gas with the formula O\n2.", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94a": " atomic oxygen is present to cause erosion for spacecraft.", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94b": " atomic oxygen is present to cause erosion for spacecraft.", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94c": " atomic oxygen is present to cause erosion for spacecraft", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09c": " atomic oxygen is present to cause erosion for spacecraft", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09d": "allotrope) of oxygen, ozone (O\n3), strongly absorbs UVB radiation and consequently the high-altitude ozone layer", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09e": " atomic oxygen is present to cause erosion for spacecraft.", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09f": " atomic oxygen is present to cause erosion for spacecraft", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c0a0": " atomic oxygen is present to cause erosion for spacecraft.", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd5": " spirit", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd6": " spirit", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd7": " spirit", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd8": " spirit", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a6": " spirit", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a7": " spirit", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a8": " spirit", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a9": " spirit", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0aa": " spirit", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a958": "75 in a paper titled \"An Account of Further", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a959": " an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95b": " August 1, 1774, an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide (H", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95a": " August 1, 1774, an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b0": " an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b1": " an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priest", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b2": "75", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b3": " mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b4": " mercuric oxide", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdd": " fire", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fde": " fire", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdf": " fire", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fe0": " classical element fire", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0ba": " fire", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bb": " classical element fire", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bc": " fire", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bd": " fire", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0be": " fire", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a960": " heat or a spark, is needed to trigger combustion. Oxygen", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a961": " concentrated sources of oxygen promote rapid combustion. Fire and explosion hazards", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a962": " concentrated oxidants and fuels are brought into close proximity; an ignition event, such as heat or a spark, is needed to trigger combustion. Oxygen", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a963": " concentrated oxidants and fuels are brought into close proximity; an ignition event, such as heat or a spark, is needed to trigger combustion. Oxygen", "571cebc05efbb31900334e49": " heat or a spark, is needed to trigger combustion. Oxygen", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4a": " heat or a spark, is needed to trigger combustion. Oxygen", "571cebc05efbb31900334e48": " heat or a spark, is needed to trigger combustion. Oxygen", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4b": " Fire and explosion hazards", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4c": " concentrated oxidants and fuels are brought into close proximity; an ignition event, such as heat or a spark, is needed to trigger combustion. Oxygen", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a968": " Steel", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a969": "rated O\n2", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96a": "rated O\n2", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96b": " Steel", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a0": " Steel", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a1": " Steel", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a2": "rated O\n2", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a4": "\n2", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe6": " the atmosphere in trace quantities in the form of carbon dioxide (CO\n2).", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe7": " The Earth's crustal rock", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe5": " mantle, of much larger mass than the crust, is largely composed of silicates of magnesium and iron.", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3e": "al rock", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3f": " the atmosphere in trace quantities in the form of carbon dioxide (CO\n2).", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e40": " the atmosphere in trace quantities in the form of carbon dioxide (CO\n2).", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e41": " the atmosphere in trace quantities in the form of carbon dioxide (CO\n2).", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e42": "al rock", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c4": " atomic hypothesis assumed that all elements were monatomic", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c5": " atomic ratios with respect to one another. For example, Dalton assumed that water's formula was HO", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c6": " HO", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c7": " 8 times that of hydrogen, instead of the modern value of about 16.", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c8": " atomic ratios with respect to one another. For example, Dalton assumed that water's formula was HO", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0ce": " gaseous", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0cf": " gaseous", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d0": "Highly combustible materials that leave little residue, such as wood or coal", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d1": " gaseous", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d2": " gaseous combustion products", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d8": " the two oxygen atoms are chemically bonded to each other.", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d9": " Aufbau, filling of orbitals", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0da": "ent double bond", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0db": " atomic orbitals", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0dc": " atomic orbitals", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e2": "xygen was discovered independently by Carl Wilhelm Sche", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e3": "xygen was discovered independently by Carl Wilhelm Scheele", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e4": "xygen was discovered independently by Carl Wilhelm Scheele", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e5": "xygen was discovered independently by Carl Wilhelm Scheele", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e6": " Carl Wilhelm Scheele", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ec": " spin", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ed": " spin triplet state. Hence, the ground state of the O\n2 molecule is referred to as triplet oxygen.[b] The highest energy", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ee": " electronic ground state", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ef": " spin", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0f0": " O\n2 molecule is referred to as triplet oxygen.[b] The highest energy", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f6": " azote (Gk. \u1f04\u03b6\u03c9", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f7": " weight", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f8": " azote (Gk. \u1f04\u03b6\u03c9", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f9": " azote (Gk. \u1f04\u03b6\u03c9", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0fa": " azote (Gk. \u1f04\u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \"lifeless", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c100": " metallic", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c101": " atomic oxygen made by the splitting of O\n2 by ultraviolet (UV) radiation.", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c102": " metallic", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c103": " metallic", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c104": " atomic oxygen made by the splitting of O\n2 by ultraviolet (UV) radiation.", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10a": " dioxygen, O\n2.", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10b": " O2 has a bond length of 121 pm and a bond energy of 4", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10c": " elemental oxygen on Earth is called dioxygen, O\n2.", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10d": "The common allotrope of elemental oxygen on Earth is called dioxygen, O\n2.", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10e": " elemental oxygen on Earth is called dioxygen, O\n2.", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c114": " Scottish chemist James Dewar was able to produce enough liquid oxygen to study. The first commercially viable process for producing liquid oxygen was independently developed in 1895", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c115": " Scottish chemist James Dewar was able to produce enough liquid oxygen to study. The first commercially viable process for producing liquid oxygen was independently developed in 1895", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c116": " 1895", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c118": " Scottish chemist James Dewar was able to produce enough liquid oxygen to study. The first commercially viable process for producing liquid oxygen was independently developed in 1895", "571c96095efbb31900334dbc": " temperature-dependent, and about twice as much (14.6 mg\u00b7L\u22121) dissolves at 0 \u00b0C than at 20 \u00b0", "571c96095efbb31900334dbd": " temperature-dependent, and about twice as much (14.6 mg\u00b7L\u22121) dissolves at 0 \u00b0C than at 20 \u00b0", "571c96095efbb31900334dbe": "xygen is more soluble in water than nitrogen", "571c96095efbb31900334dbf": " temperature-dependent, and about twice as much (14.6 mg\u00b7L\u22121) dissolves at 0 \u00b0C than at 20 \u00b0", "571c96095efbb31900334dc0": " temperature-dependent, and about twice as much (14.6 mg\u00b7L\u22121) dissolves at 0 \u00b0C than at 20 \u00b0", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11e": " the most abundant chemical element by mass in the Earth's biosphere, air, sea and land.", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11f": " the most abundant chemical element by mass in the Earth's biosphere, air, sea and land.", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c120": " the most abundant chemical element by mass in the Earth's biosphere, air, sea and land.", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c121": " the most abundant chemical element by mass", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c122": " the most abundant chemical element by mass in the Earth's biosphere, air, sea and land.", "571caac55efbb31900334dc6": " telegram on December", "571caac55efbb31900334dc7": " telegram on December", "571caac55efbb31900334dc8": " telegram on December", "571caac55efbb31900334dc9": " telegram on December", "571caac55efbb31900334dca": " Oxygen was liquified in stable state", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd0": " the Moon, Mars, and meteorites, but were long unable to obtain reference values for the isotope ratios", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd1": " the Moon, Mars, and meteorites, but were long unable to obtain reference values for the isotope ratios", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd2": " the Moon, Mars, and meteorites, but were long unable to obtain reference values for the isotope ratios", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd3": " the Moon, Mars, and meteorites, but were long unable to obtain reference values for the isotope ratios", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd4": " the Moon, Mars, and meteorites, but were long unable to obtain reference values for the isotope ratios", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c128": " O\n2 in which all the electron spins are paired.", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c129": " water during photosynthesis, using the energy of sunlight. It is also produced in the troposphere", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12a": " water during photosynthesis, using the energy of sunlight. It is also produced in the troposphere", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12b": " water during photosynthesis, using the energy of sunlight. It is also produced in the troposphere", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12c": " energy", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c132": "ater molecules", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c133": " the climate was like millions of years ago (see oxygen isotope ratio", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c134": " lighter", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c135": " oxygen isotope ratio cycle).", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c136": " lighter isotope", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13c": " 760", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13d": " 760", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13e": " 760", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13f": " 760", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c140": " 760", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c146": " magnetic", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c147": " magnetic field, because of the spin magnetic", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c148": " magnetic", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c149": " magnetic field, because of the spin magnetic", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c14a": " magnetic field, because of the spin magnetic", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dda": "active oxygen species", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddb": "active oxygen species, such as superoxide ion", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddc": "gen", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddd": "active oxygen species, such as superoxide ion", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dde": "active oxygen species, such as superoxide ion", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de4": " light", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de5": " light", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de6": "purity liquid O\n2 is usually obtained by the fractional distillation of liquefied air.", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de7": " light", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de8": "purity liquid O\n2 is usually obtained by the fractional distillation of liquefied air.", "571cc8815efbb31900334dee": " biochemical oxygen demand, or the amount of O\n2", "571cc8815efbb31900334def": " biochemical oxygen demand, or the amount of O\n2", "571cc8815efbb31900334df0": " biochemical oxygen demand, or the amount of O\n2", "571cc8815efbb31900334df2": " biochemical oxygen demand, or the amount of O\n2", "571cc8815efbb31900334df1": " biochemical oxygen demand, or the amount of O\n2", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c150": "Free oxygen gas", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c151": "Free oxygen gas", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c152": "Free oxygen gas", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c153": "Free oxygen gas", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c154": "Free oxygen gas", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15a": " biogeochemical", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15b": " the atmosphere, the biosphere, and the lithosphere.", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15c": " the atmosphere, the biosphere, and the lithosphere.", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15d": "ochemical cycle describes the movement of oxygen within and between its three main reservoirs on Earth: the atmosphere, the biosphere, and the lithosphere.", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15e": " biogeochemical", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df8": " pressure swing", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df9": " gaseous oxygen to be pumped through a pipeline", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfa": " gaseous oxygen to be pumped through a pipeline", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfb": " pressure swing", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfc": " gaseous oxygen to be pumped through a pipeline", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c164": " DC electricity", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c165": " DC electricity", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c166": "xygen gas", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c167": " DC electricity", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c168": " zirconium dioxide by either high pressure or an electric current, to produce nearly pure O\n2 gas", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16e": "xygen, as a supposed mild euphoric", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16f": " euphoric", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c170": " mixtures only if they are breathed during aerobic exercise", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c172": " euphoric", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c171": " mixtures only if they are breathed during aerobic exercise", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e03": " gas gangrene, and decompression sickness (the 'bends') are sometimes treated using these devices. Increased O\n2", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e04": " Carbon monoxide poisoning, gas gangrene, and decompression sickness (the 'bends') are sometimes treated using these devices. Increased O\n2", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e05": " Carbon monoxide poisoning, gas gangrene, and decompression sickness", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e06": " Carbon monoxide poisoning", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17b": " the essential", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17a": "gen therapy", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c179": " the essential", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c178": " essential", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17c": "ake of O\n2 from the air is the essential", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c182": " FeO (w\u00fcstite) is written as Fe\n1 \u2212 xO, where x is usually around 0.05", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c183": " FeO (w\u00fcstite) is written as Fe\n1 \u2212 xO, where x is usually around 0.05", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c184": " FeO (w\u00fcstite) is written as Fe\n1 \u2212 xO, where x is usually around 0.05", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c185": " FeO (w\u00fcstite) is written as Fe\n1 \u2212 xO, where x is usually around 0.05", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c186": " FeO (w\u00fcstite) is written as Fe\n1 \u2212 xO, where x is usually around 0.05", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18d": " O\n2 supplies.[h] Passengers traveling in (pressurized) commercial airplanes have an emergency supply of O\n2", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18e": " O\n2 supplies.[h] Passengers traveling in (pressurized) commercial airplanes have an emergency supply of O\n2", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18f": " O\n2 supplies.[h] Passengers traveling in (pressurized) commercial airplanes have an emergency supply of O\n2", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c190": " O\n2 supplies.[h] Passengers traveling in (pressurized) commercial airplanes have an emergency supply of O\n2", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c196": " gaseous oxygen at atmospheric pressure and 20 \u00b0C (68 \u00b0F). Such tankers are used to refill bulk liquid oxygen storage containers", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c198": " compressed gas", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c197": " compressed gas", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c199": " compressed gas", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c19a": " compressed gas", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0c": " three", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0d": " three", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0e": " three", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0f": " three", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e10": " three", "571cde695efbb31900334e16": " energy", "571cde695efbb31900334e17": " energy", "571cde695efbb31900334e18": " energy", "571cde695efbb31900334e19": " energy", "571cde695efbb31900334e1a": " energy", "571ce3745efbb31900334e20": " partial pressure", "571ce3745efbb31900334e21": " partial pressure", "571ce3745efbb31900334e22": " partial pressure more than 60 kPa", "571ce3745efbb31900334e23": " partial pressure", "571ce3745efbb31900334e24": " partial pressure more than 60 kPa can eventually lead to permanent pulmonary fibrosis. Exposure to a O\n2 partial pressures greater than 160 k", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2a": " kPa", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2b": " O\n2 partial pressure in the breathing gas is, in general, about 30 kPa", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2c": " O\n2", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2e": " kPa", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2d": " O\n2", "571ce6655efbb31900334e34": " kPa at standard pressure).", "571ce6655efbb31900334e35": "xygen gas", "571ce6655efbb31900334e36": "gen gas", "571ce6655efbb31900334e37": "xygen gas", "571ce6655efbb31900334e38": "xygen gas", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952d": " the members of the Organization of Arab Petroleum", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952e": " the members of the Organization of Arab Petroleum", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952f": " the members of the Organization of Arab Petroleum", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89530": " the members of the Organization of Arab Petroleum", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89531": " 1973 oil crisis", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd28": "associate themselves from United States foreign policy", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd29": " Nixon Administration began multilateral negotiations with the combatants. They arranged for Israel to pull back from the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2a": " Nixon Administration began multilateral negotiations with the combatants. They arranged for Israel to pull back from the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2b": " Nixon Administration began multilateral negotiations with the combatants. They arranged for Israel to pull back from the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4a": " the United States unilaterally pulled out of the Brett", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4b": " the United States unilaterally pulled out of the Bretton Woods Accord. The US abandoned the Gold Exchange Standard", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4c": " Gold Exchange", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4d": " the United States unilaterally pulled out of the Bretton Woods Accord. The US abandoned the Gold Exchange", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4e": " the United States unilaterally pulled out of the Bretton Woods Accord. The US abandoned the Gold Exchange", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd3": " per year. Until the oil shock", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd4": " the dollar price of oil had risen by less than two percent per year. Until the oil shock", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd5": " the dollar price of oil had risen by less than two percent per year. Until the oil shock", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd6": " the dollar price of oil had risen by less than two percent per year. Until the oil shock", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bd": " October", "5725bad5271a42140099d0be": " the Shah of Iran said in an interview: \"Of course [the price of oil] is going to rise... Certainly! And how!", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bf": " October", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c0": " the underlying economic pressure on oil prices. At the time, Iran was the world's second-largest oil exporter and a close US ally.", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c1": " the Shah of Iran said in an interview: \"Of course [the price of oil] is going to rise... Certainly! And how!", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0eb": " 70%, to $5.11", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ec": " $2.2 billion in emergency aid to Israel", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ed": ".11 a barrel. The following day, oil ministers agreed to the embargo, a cut in production by five percent", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ee": " October", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ef": " American aid to Israel, on October", "57261dab38643c19005ad037": " religious charities", "57261dab38643c19005ad038": " religious charities such al-Haramain Foundation, which often also distributed funds to violent Sunni extremist groups such as Al-Qaeda and the Taliban", "57261dab38643c19005ad039": " religious charities such al-Haram", "57261dab38643c19005ad03a": " arms purchases that exacerbated political tensions, particularly in the Middle East.", "57261dab38643c19005ad03b": " religious charities", "57261f9f271a42140099d4a9": " 1973. The possibility that the Middle East could become another superpower confrontation with the USSR", "57261f9f271a42140099d4aa": " 1973.", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ab": " 1973. The possibility that the Middle East could become another superpower confrontation with the USSR", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ac": " Kissinger's dominance. In the US production, distribution and price disruptions", "5726241189a1e219009ac2de": " the price increases changed competitive positions in many industries, such as automobiles. Macroeconomic problems consisted of both inflationary and deflationary", "5726241189a1e219009ac2df": " the price increases changed competitive positions in many industries, such as automobiles. Macroeconomic problems consisted of both inflationary and deflationary", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e0": " the price increases changed competitive positions in many industries, such as automobiles. Macroeconomic problems consisted of both inflationary and deflationary impacts", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e1": " the price increases changed competitive positions in many industries, such as automobiles. Macroeconomic problems consisted of both inflationary and deflationary", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e2": " the price increases changed competitive positions in many industries, such as automobiles. Macroeconomic problems", "5726487b5951b619008f6edd": " The UK had traditionally been an ally of Israel, and Harold Wilson's government supported the Israelis during the Six-Day War.", "5726487b5951b619008f6ede": "The embargo was not uniform across Europe. Of the nine", "5726487b5951b619008f6edf": " The UK had traditionally been an ally of Israel, and Harold Wilson's government supported the Israelis during the Six-Day War.", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee0": " The UK had traditionally been an ally of Israel, and Harold Wilson's government supported the Israelis during the Six-Day War", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee1": "1967 borders", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db36": " the UK nonetheless faced an oil crisis", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db37": " the UK nonetheless faced an oil crisis", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db38": " UK nonetheless faced an oil crisis", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db39": " UK, Germany, Italy, Switzerland and Norway banned flying, driving and boating on Sundays", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db3a": " UK, Germany, Italy, Switzerland and Norway banned flying, driving and boating on Sundays. Sweden rationed gasoline and heating oil", "57264cac708984140094c1b3": "Price controls exacerbated the crisis in the US. The system limited the price of \"old oil\" (that which had already been", "57264cac708984140094c1b4": "Price controls", "57264cac708984140094c1b5": "Price controls", "57264cac708984140094c1b7": "Price controls exacerbated the crisis in the US. The system limited the price of \"old oil\" (that which had already been", "57264d9edd62a815002e80fe": " Nixon", "57264d9edd62a815002e80ff": " Energy", "57264d9edd62a815002e8100": " Energy", "57264d9edd62a815002e8101": " Energy", "57264efddd62a815002e8134": " Energy", "57264efddd62a815002e8135": " Energy", "57264efddd62a815002e8136": " 1975", "57264efddd62a815002e8137": " Emergency Highway Energy", "57264efddd62a815002e8138": " 1975", "572650325951b619008f6fa9": " energy crisis led to greater interest in renewable energy", "572650325951b619008f6faa": " crisis-mentality", "572650325951b619008f6fab": " crisis-mentality", "57265200708984140094c237": " unreasonable countries,\" and that they would prefer a rapid operation to seize oilfields", "57265200708984140094c238": " unreasonable countries,\" and that they would prefer a rapid operation to seize oilfields", "57265200708984140094c239": " Soviet response to such an act would likely not involve force, intelligence warned \"the American occupation would need to last 10 years as the West developed alternative energy", "57265200708984140094c23a": " unreasonable countries,\" and that they would prefer a rapid operation to seize oilfields", "57265360dd62a815002e819a": " November", "57265360dd62a815002e819b": " November", "57265360dd62a815002e819c": " November", "57265360dd62a815002e819d": " November", "57265360dd62a815002e819e": " November", "57265526708984140094c2bd": " radicalism of Islamism", "57265526708984140094c2be": "The USSR's invasion of Afghanistan was only one sign of insecurity", "57265526708984140094c2bf": " radicalism of Islamism", "57265526708984140094c2c0": " the Saudis were forced to deal with the prospect of internal destabilization via the radicalism of Islamism", "57265526708984140094c2c1": "habi extremists", "5726581fdd62a815002e823a": " Japanese imports, primarily the Toyota Corona, the Toyota", "5726581fdd62a815002e823b": " V8 and six cylinder engines. Japanese imports became mass-market leaders with unibody construction and front-wheel drive", "5726581fdd62a815002e823c": " V8 and six cylinder engines. Japanese imports became mass-market leaders with unibody construction and front-wheel drive", "5726581fdd62a815002e823d": " V8 and six cylinder engines. Japanese imports became mass-market leaders with unibody construction and front-wheel drive", "572659535951b619008f703f": " compacts", "572659535951b619008f7040": " Datsun) introduced larger cars such as the Toyota Corona", "572659535951b619008f7041": " Datsun) introduced larger cars such as the Toyota Corona Mark II, the Toyota Cressida, the Mazda 616 and Datsun 8", "572659535951b619008f7042": " Datsun) introduced larger cars such as the Toyota Corona Mark II, the Toyota Cressida, the Mazda 616 and Datsun 8", "57265a58dd62a815002e8270": " Hilux and the Datsun Truck", "57265a58dd62a815002e8271": " Hilux and the Datsun Truck", "57265a58dd62a815002e8272": "act trucks were introduced, such as the Toyota Hilux and the Datsun Truck", "57265a58dd62a815002e8273": " Hilux and the Datsun Truck", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829e": " Dodge Omni", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829f": " General Motors, Ford and Chrysler to introduce smaller and fuel-efficient models for domestic sales. The Dodge Omni", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a0": " Dodge Omni", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a1": " General Motors, Ford and Chrysler to introduce smaller and fuel-efficient models for domestic sales. The Dodge Omni", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a2": " General Motors, Ford and Chrysler to introduce smaller and fuel-efficient models for domestic sales. The Dodge Omni", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b8": " 1977", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b9": " 1977", "57265ceddd62a815002e82ba": " 1977", "57265e11708984140094c3bb": " energy crisis at nearly $40 per barrel, decreased during the 1980s to less than $10 per", "57265e11708984140094c3bc": " energy crisis at nearly $40 per barrel, decreased during the 1980s to less", "57265e11708984140094c3bd": "EC", "57265e11708984140094c3be": " $40 per barrel, decreased during the 1980s to less than $10 per", "5725b41838643c19005acb7f": " May 25, 1961, address to Congress. Project Mercury was followed by the two-man Project Gemini", "5725b41838643c19005acb80": " May 25, 1961, address to Congress. Project Mercury was followed by the two-man Project Gemini", "5725b41838643c19005acb81": " May 25, 1961, address to Congress. Project Mercury was followed by the two-man Project Gemini", "5725b41838643c19005acb82": "The Apollo program", "5725b41838643c19005acb83": " May 25, 1961, address to Congress. Project Mercury was followed by the two-man Project Gemini", "5725b56589a1e219009abd20": " 1972", "5725b56589a1e219009abd21": " 1972", "5725b56589a1e219009abd22": " 1972", "5725b56589a1e219009abd23": " 1972", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd40": "The Apollo program", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd41": " 1967 Apollo 1 cabin fire", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd42": "The Apollo program", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd43": " 1967 Apollo 1", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd44": "The Apollo program", "5725b77889a1e219009abd54": "Apollo set several major human spaceflight", "5725b77889a1e219009abd55": "Apollo set several major human spaceflight", "5725b77889a1e219009abd56": "Apollo set several major human spaceflight", "5725b77889a1e219009abd57": "Apollo set several major human spaceflight", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d453": " Abe Silverstein, who later said that \"I was naming the spacecraft like I'd name my baby.\" Silver", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d454": " Abe Silverstein, who later said that \"I was naming the spacecraft like I'd name my baby.\" Silver", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d455": " Abe Silverstein", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d457": " Abe Silverstein", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d456": " Abe Silverstein", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe7": " 1960, NASA Deputy Administrator Hugh L. Dryden", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe8": " Glenn L. Martin Company. Meanwhile, NASA performed its own in-house spacecraft design studies led by Maxime Faget", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe9": " NASA Deputy Administrator Hugh L. Dryden", "5725ba5038643c19005acbea": " 1960, NASA Deputy Administrator Hugh L. Dryden", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c7": "missile gap\" that he and many other senators felt had formed between the Soviets and themselves due to the inaction of President Eisenhower.", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c8": " aerospace technology as a symbol of national prestige, pledging to make the US not \"first but, first and, first if, but first period.\"", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c9": " financial commitment required by a manned Moon landing. When Kennedy's newly appointed NASA Administrator James E. Webb", "5725bb34271a42140099d0ca": " financial commitment required by a manned Moon landing. When Kennedy's newly appointed NASA Administrator James E. Webb", "5725bb34271a42140099d0cb": " aerospace technology as a symbol of national prestige, pledging to make the US not \"first but, first and, first if, but first period.\"", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1d": " US House Committee on Science and Astronautics one day after Gag", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1e": " US House Committee on Science and Astronautics one day after Gag", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1f": " US House Committee on Science and Astronaut", "5725bc7138643c19005acc20": " April", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc31": " April 20, Kennedy sent a memo to Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc32": " April", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc33": " April", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc34": " Kennedy", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a5": " Gilruth's Space Task Group, which had been directing the nation's manned space program from NASA's Langley Research Center. So Gilr", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a6": " Space Task Group, which had been directing the nation's manned space program from NASA's Langley Research Center. So Gilr", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a7": " Gilruth's Space Task Group, which had been directing the nation's manned space program from NASA's Langley Research Center. So Gilr", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a8": " Space Task Group, which had been directing the nation's manned space program from NASA's Langley Research Center. So Gilr", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a9": " Gilruth's Space Task Group, which had been directing the nation's manned space program from NASA's Langley Research Center. So Gilr", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdce": " July", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdcf": " Canaveral", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd0": " Canaveral", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd1": " Canaveral", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd7": " Mobile Launcher Platform and then moved by a transporter to one of several launch pads", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd8": " Mobile Launcher Platform and then moved by a transporter to one of several launch pads", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd9": " Launch Complex 39", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd6": " Mobile Launcher Platform and then moved by a transporter to one of several launch pads", "5725c123271a42140099d131": "Gilruth) Marshall Space Flight Center (von Braun) and the Launch Operations Center (Debus) effectively reported to Mueller", "5725c123271a42140099d132": "rator Webb", "5725c123271a42140099d133": "rator Webb", "5725c123271a42140099d134": " Webb", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6b": " Minuteman program, as OMSF program controller. Phillips' superior officer Bernard A. Schriever agreed to loan Phillips to NASA", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6c": " Minuteman program, as OMSF program controller. Phillips' superior officer Bernard A. Schriever agreed to loan Phillips to NASA", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6d": " Minuteman program, as OMSF program controller. Phillips' superior officer Bernard A. Schriever agreed to loan Phillips to NASA", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6e": " Minuteman program, as OMSF program controller. Phillips' superior officer Bernard A. Schriever agreed to loan Phillips to NASA", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6f": " Webb", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe44": " direct ascent was generally the mission mode in favor at NASA", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe45": " 1961, direct ascent was generally the mission mode in favor at NASA", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe46": " 1961, direct ascent was generally the mission mode in favor at NASA", "5725c604271a42140099d185": " special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin", "5725c604271a42140099d186": " special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin", "5725c604271a42140099d187": " EOR-LOR", "5725c604271a42140099d188": " Manned Spacecraft Center began to come around to support LOR, including the newly hired deputy director of the Office of M", "5725c604271a42140099d189": " EOR-LOR", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d531": "ner", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d532": " Golovin, who had left NASA, to chair his own \"Space Vehicle", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d533": " Golovin", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d534": " Kennedy's science advisor Jerome Wiesner", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a1": " the President to Marshall Space Flight Center", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a2": " Marshall Space Flight Center. Wiesner blurted out \"No, that's no good\" in front of the press, during a presentation by von", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a3": " the President to Marshall Space Flight Center", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a4": " missile crisis, and fear of Kennedy's support for Webb. NASA announced the selection of Grumman as the LEM contractor in November 1962", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d577": " the advantage of allowing the lander spacecraft to be used as a \"lifeboat\"", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d578": " the advantage of allowing the lander spacecraft to be used as a \"lifeboat\"", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d579": " LOR method had the advantage of allowing the lander spacecraft to be used as a \"lifeboat\"", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d57a": " LOR method had the advantage of allowing the lander spacecraft to be used as a \"lifeboat\"", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c1": "Maxime Faget's preliminary Apollo design employed a cone", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c2": "Maxime Faget's preliminary Apollo", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c3": "Maxime Faget's preliminary Apollo design employed a cone-shaped command module", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec8": "ical", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec9": " the conical", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abeca": " Command Module (CM) was the conical", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecb": " Command Module (CM) was the conical", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecc": "ical crew cabin", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1b": " Service Module (SM) supported the Command Module, with a service propulsion engine and an RCS with propellants", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1c": " Service Module (SM)", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1d": " Service Module", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1e": " Service Module (SM) supported the Command Module, with a service propulsion", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1f": " Service Module (SM)", "5725cda338643c19005acd3f": " Aviation won the contract to build the CSM, and also the second stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle", "5725cda338643c19005acd40": " Aviation won the contract to build the CSM, and also the second stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle", "5725cda338643c19005acd41": " Aviation", "5725cda338643c19005acd42": " CSM, and also the second stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0a": " Earth's atmosphere", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0b": " Earth's atmosphere or return to Earth", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0d": " 33,300 pounds", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0e": " Earth's atmosphere", "5725d01989a1e219009abf28": " June", "5725d01989a1e219009abf29": " June", "5725d01989a1e219009abf2b": " June", "5725d0e3271a42140099d235": " Pegasus satellites", "5725d0e3271a42140099d236": "The first four Saturn I test flights were launched from LC-34, with only live first stages", "5725d0e3271a42140099d237": " Pegasus", "5725d0e3271a42140099d238": " AS-101 through AS-105) into orbit in 1964 and 1965. The last three of these further supported the Apollo program by also carrying Pegasus satellites", "5725d2ef271a42140099d255": " AS", "5725d2ef271a42140099d256": " AS", "5725d2ef271a42140099d257": " kN), and the second stage replaced the S-IV with the S-IVB-200", "5725d2ef271a42140099d258": " AS", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65b": " 33 feet (", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65c": " 33 feet (", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65d": " 33 feet (", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65e": " 33 feet (", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6e": " Mercury and Gemini veterans", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6f": " Project Mercury and Gemini veterans, plus from two later astronaut groups", "5725d51589a1e219009abf70": " Apollo astronauts were chosen from the Project Mercury and Gemini veterans", "5725d51589a1e219009abf71": "The Apollo astronauts were chosen from the Project Mercury and Gemini veterans, plus from two later astronaut groups", "5725d51589a1e219009abf72": "The Apollo astronauts were chosen from the Project Mercury and Gemini veterans, plus from two later astronaut groups", "5725d61038643c19005acdd3": " Grissom, White, and Chaffee", "5725d61038643c19005acdd4": " 32", "5725d61038643c19005acdd5": " The medals were awarded posthumously to Grissom, White, and Chaffee", "5725d61038643c19005acdd6": " Distinguished Service Medal, given for \"distinguished service, ability, or courage\", and personal \"contribution representing substantial progress to the NASA mission\".", "5725d61038643c19005acdd7": " 32", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde7": " LC-34 on suborbital flights", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde8": " 265.7", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde9": " LC-34 on suborbital flights", "5725d6cb38643c19005acdea": " Service Module engine and the Command Module heat shield", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf90": "CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP). The astronauts would begin wearing a new Apollo spacesuit", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf91": "CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP). The astronauts would begin wearing a new Apollo spacesuit", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf92": " lunar surface EVA suit would include a water-cooled undergarment", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf93": " \"fishbowl\" type for greater visibility, and the lunar surface EVA suit would include a water-cooled undergarment", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf94": " AS-206, a crew would fly the first Block II CSM", "5725d8a3271a42140099d28f": "Deke Slayton, the grounded Mercury astronaut who became Director of Flight Crew Operations for the Gemini and Apollo programs, selected the first Apollo crew in January", "5725d8a3271a42140099d290": " Grissom as Command Pilot, White as Senior Pilot, and rookie Donn F. Eisele as Pilot. But Eise", "5725d8a3271a42140099d291": "Deke Slayton, the grounded Mercury astronaut who became Director of Flight Crew Operations for the Gemini and Apollo programs, selected the first Apollo crew in January", "5725d8a3271a42140099d292": "Deke Slayton", "5725d8a3271a42140099d293": "Deke Slayton", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69b": " dual mission, now redesignated AS-205/208", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69c": " Saturn IB was allocated to the dual mission, now redesignated AS-205/208", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69d": " dual mission, now redesignated AS-205/208", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69e": " dual mission, now redesignated AS-205/208", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ab": " Manned Space Flight Administrator George Mueller to appoint program director Samuel Phillips to head a \"tiger team\" to investigate North American's problems and identify corrections", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ac": " NAA", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ad": " Grumman was also encountering problems with the Lunar Module, eliminating hopes it would be ready for manned flight in 1967", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ae": "anned Space Flight Administrator George Mueller to appoint program director Samuel Phillips to head a \"tiger team\" to investigate North American's problems and identify corrections", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bd": " motivational focus on the first manned flight. They trained and conducted tests of their spacecraft at North American, and in the altitude chamber at the Kennedy Space Center", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6be": " motivational focus on the first manned flight. They trained and conducted tests of their spacecraft", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bf": " January, which would simulate a launch countdown on LC-34", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6c0": " Chaffee", "5725dc1638643c19005ace01": " January 27, 1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace02": " January 27, 1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace03": " January 27, 1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace04": " January 27, 1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace05": "The plugs-out test began on the morning of January 27, 1967", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe2": " Command Module design, workmanship and quality control.\" At the insistence of NASA Administrator Webb", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe3": " Command Module design, workmanship and quality control.\" At the insistence of NASA Administrator Webb", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe4": " Command Module design, workmanship and quality control.\" At the insistence of NASA Administrator Webb", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe5": " Command Module design, workmanship and quality control.\" At the insistence of NASA Administrator Webb", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ed": " Block II spacecraft", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ee": " nitrogen/oxygen mixture instead of pure oxygen before and during launch, and removal of flammable cabin and space suit materials", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ef": " pure oxygen before and during launch, and removal of flammable cabin and space suit materials", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f0": " pure oxygen before and during launch, and removal of flammable cabin and space suit materials", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f1": " nitrogen/oxygen mixture instead of pure oxygen before and during launch, and removal of flammable cabin and space suit materials", "5725df1838643c19005ace15": " manned lunar landing.", "5725df1838643c19005ace16": " manned lunar landing.", "5725df1838643c19005ace17": " Mueller approved a sequence of mission types which had to be successfully accomplished in order to achieve the manned lunar landing.", "5725e08389a1e219009ac010": "AS-501) was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V, carrying a Block I CSM", "5725e08389a1e219009ac011": " NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM", "5725e08389a1e219009ac012": "The delay in the CSM caused by the fire enabled NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM and Saturn V", "5725e08389a1e219009ac013": "The delay in the CSM caused by the fire enabled NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM and Saturn V", "5725e152271a42140099d2cd": "AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37", "5725e152271a42140099d2ce": "AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37", "5725e152271a42140099d2cf": "AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37", "5725e152271a42140099d2d0": "Apollo 5 (AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37", "5725e152271a42140099d2d1": "ollo", "5725e28f38643c19005ace23": "Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December", "5725e28f38643c19005ace24": " September 15, 1968, aboard Zond 5", "5725e28f38643c19005ace25": " McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart", "5725e28f38643c19005ace26": " ASPO Manager George Low suggested the bold step of sending Apollo 8 to orbit the Moon instead, deferring the D mission to the next mission", "5725e28f38643c19005ace27": " ASPO Manager George Low suggested the bold step of sending Apollo 8 to orbit the Moon instead, deferring the D mission to the next mission", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac038": " Tranquility", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac039": " G mission was achieved on Apollo 11 in July 1969", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03a": "The G mission", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03b": " Tranquility", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03c": "The G mission was achieved on Apollo 11 in July 1969", "5725e44238643c19005ace35": " \"Pete\" Conrad and rookie Alan L. Bean made a precision landing on Apollo 12", "5725e44238643c19005ace36": " April", "5725e44238643c19005ace37": " Gemini veteran Charles \"Pete\" Conrad and rookie Alan L. Bean made a precision landing on Apollo 12", "5725e44238643c19005ace38": " Gemini veteran Charles \"Pete\" Conrad and rookie Alan L. Bean made a precision landing on Apollo 12", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d71f": " 15", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d720": " 15 Saturn Vs were enough for lunar landing missions through Apollo 20. NASA publicized a preliminary list of eight", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d721": " 15 Saturn Vs were enough for lunar landing missions through Apollo 20. NASA publicized a preliminary list of eight", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d722": " 15", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d723": " 15 Saturn Vs were enough for lunar landing missions through Apollo 20. NASA publicized a preliminary list of eight", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d729": " Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72a": " single veteran", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72b": " two rookies", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72c": "The success of the first two landings allowed the remaining missions to be crewed with a single veteran", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72d": " Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac086": " 1971, the decision was made to also cancel missions 18 and 19", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac087": " 1971, the decision was made to also cancel missions 18 and 19", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac088": " 1971, the decision was made to also cancel missions 18 and 19. The two unused Saturn Vs became museum exhibits", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac089": " 1971, the decision was made to also cancel missions 18 and 19", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09e": " terrestrial counterpart. KRE", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09f": " terrestrial counterpart. KRE", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a0": " terrestrial counterpart. KRE", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a1": " terrestrial counterpart. KRE", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace7f": " brecciated as a result of being subjected to multiple impact events.", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace80": " thick atmosphere. Many show signs of being subjected to high pressure shock", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace81": " pressure shock", "5725ec7538643c19005ace8f": " Congressional Budget Office report", "5725ec7538643c19005ace90": " Congressional Budget Office report", "5725ec7538643c19005ace91": " Congressional Budget Office report", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb3": " 30 flights to Earth orbit, using the space in the Spacecraft", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb4": " the manned lunar landings", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb5": " 30", "5725ef6838643c19005acece": " 1973", "5725ef6838643c19005acecf": " 1973", "5725ef6838643c19005aced0": " February 8, 1974, and the station itself re-entered the atmosphere in 1979", "5725ef6838643c19005aced1": " 1973", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0be": "ELENE probe", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0bf": "ELENE probe", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0c0": " halo surrounding the Apollo 15 Lunar Module", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cc": "The crew of Apollo", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cd": "The crew of Apollo 8 sent the first live televised pictures of the Earth and the Moon back to Earth", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0ce": "The crew of Apollo 8", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf": "The crew of Apollo 8", "5725f239271a42140099d35d": "The Moon landing data was recorded by a special Apollo TV camera which recorded in a format incompatible with broadcast TV", "5725f239271a42140099d35e": " magnetic", "5725f239271a42140099d35f": " magnetic tapes from the National Archives and Records Administration to be recorded over with newer satellite data", "5725f239271a42140099d360": " Moon landing data was recorded by a special Apollo TV camera which recorded in a format incompatible with broadcast TV", "5725f239271a42140099d361": " magnetic telemetry tapes", "5725f39638643c19005acef7": " Nafzger and assigned to Lowry Digital", "5725f39638643c19005acef8": " digital enhancements and did not include sound quality improvements", "5725f39638643c19005acef9": " digital enhancements and did not include sound quality improvements", "5725f39638643c19005acefa": " Nafzger and assigned to Lowry Digital", "5725f39638643c19005acefb": " digital enhancements and did not include sound quality improvements", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5c": " primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5d": " primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5e": " The three", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5f": " supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd60": " The three", "5725c28a271a42140099d14d": " primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives", "5725c28a271a42140099d14e": " primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives", "5725c28a271a42140099d14f": " primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives", "5725c28a271a42140099d150": " primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f0": " primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f1": " The three", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f2": " The three", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f3": " primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d1": " Directives", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d2": " Directives", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d3": " Directives", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d4": " Directives", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d5": " Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d503": " Directives", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d504": " Directives", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d505": " Directives", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d506": " Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890a": " the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union.", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890b": " Directives", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890c": " Directives", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890d": " Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d549": " the European Union does not have a codified constitution, like every political body it has laws which \"constitute\" its basic governance structure.", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54a": " European Commission has the initiative to propose legislation", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54b": " the European Union does not have a codified constitution, like every political body it has laws which \"constitute\" its basic governance structure.", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54c": " Treaties establish the EU's institutions, list their powers and responsibilities, and explain the areas in which the EU can legislate with Directives or Regulations", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54d": " The Commission oversees departments and various agencies that execute or enforce EU law.", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb4": " metropolitan territories of the member states, as well as certain islands and overseas territories", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb5": " Gibraltar and the \u00c5land islands.", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb6": " primary law in the Court of Justice of the European", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb7": " Gibraltar and the \u00c5land islands.", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb8": " primary law in the Court of Justice of the European", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894e": " primary law in the Court of Justice of the European", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894f": " Gibraltar and the \u00c5land islands.", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8950": " Gibraltar and the \u00c5land islands.", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8951": " primary law in the Court of Justice of the European", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bb": " TFEU). Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bc": " TFEU). Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bd": " TFEU). Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5be": " TFEU). Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bf": " TFEU). Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b0": " TFEU). Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b1": " TFEU). Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b2": " TFEU). Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b3": " TFEU). Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b4": " TFEU). Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970", "57264865dd62a815002e8062": " 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never came into force. Instead, the Lisbon Treaty was enacted. Its substance was very similar to the proposed constitutional treaty", "57264865dd62a815002e8063": " 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never came into force. Instead, the Lisbon Treaty was enacted. Its substance was very similar to the proposed constitutional treaty", "57264865dd62a815002e8064": " 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never came into force. Instead, the Lisbon Treaty was enacted. Its substance was very similar to the proposed constitutional treaty", "57264865dd62a815002e8065": " 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never came into force. Instead, the Lisbon Treaty was enacted. Its substance was very similar to the proposed constitutional treaty", "57264865dd62a815002e8066": " 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never came into force. Instead, the Lisbon Treaty was enacted. Its substance was very similar to the proposed constitutional treaty", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c4": " 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never came into force. Instead, the Lisbon Treaty was enacted. Its substance was very similar to the proposed constitutional treaty", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c5": " 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never came into force. Instead, the Lisbon Treaty was enacted. Its substance was very similar to the proposed constitutional treaty", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c6": " the Lisbon Treaty was enacted. Its substance was very similar to the proposed constitutional treaty", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c7": " 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never came into force. Instead, the Lisbon Treaty was enacted. Its substance was very similar to the proposed constitutional treaty", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808c": " one Commissioner for each of the 28 member states, including the President and the High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy (currently Federica Mogherini).", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808d": " one Commissioner for each of the 28 member states, including the President and the High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy (currently Federica Mogherini).", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808e": " one Commissioner for each of the 28 member states, including the President and the High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy (currently Federica Mogherini).", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808f": " qualified majority vote of the Council to approve, and majority approval of the Parliament.", "57264a8cdd62a815002e8090": " Federica Mogherini).", "572691545951b619008f76e1": " one Commissioner for each of the 28 member states, including the President and the High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy (currently Federica Mogherini).", "572691545951b619008f76e2": " one Commissioner for each of the 28 member states, including the President and the High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy (currently Federica Mogherini).", "572691545951b619008f76e3": " one Commissioner for each of the 28 member states, including the President and the High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy (currently Federica Mogherini).", "572691545951b619008f76e4": " one Commissioner for each of the 28 member states, including the President and the High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy (currently Federica Mogherini).", "572691545951b619008f76e5": " qualified majority vote of the Council to approve, and majority approval of the Parliament.", "57264e455951b619008f6f65": " Santer Commission was censured by Parliament in 1999", "57264e455951b619008f6f66": " main case, Commission v Edith Cress", "57264e455951b619008f6f67": " Santer Commission", "57264e455951b619008f6f68": " Santer Commission", "57264e455951b619008f6f69": " Santer Commission", "5726926a5951b619008f7709": " 1999", "5726926a5951b619008f770a": " 1999", "5726926a5951b619008f770b": " \u2018even the slightest sense of responsibility\u2019. This led to the creation of the European Anti-fraud Office", "5726926a5951b619008f770c": " \u2018even the slightest sense of responsibility\u2019. This led to the creation of the European Anti-fraud Office.", "5726926a5951b619008f770d": " Santer Commission", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbee": " democratic polities", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbef": " democratic polities", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf0": " democratic polities", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf1": " democratic polities", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf2": " democratic polities", "5726938af1498d1400e8e446": " democratic polities", "5726938af1498d1400e8e447": " democratic polities", "5726938af1498d1400e8e448": " democratic polities", "5726938af1498d1400e8e449": " democratic polities", "5726938af1498d1400e8e44a": " democratic polities", "5726545f708984140094c2a5": " 260 of the 352 votes.", "5726545f708984140094c2a6": " 260 of the 352 votes.", "5726545f708984140094c2a7": " 260 of the 352 votes.", "5726545f708984140094c2a8": " 352 votes, but for most acts there must be a qualified majority vote, if not consensus.", "5726545f708984140094c2a9": " 352 votes, but for most acts there must be a qualified majority vote, if not consensus.", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1e": " 260 of the 352 votes.", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1f": " 260 of the 352 votes.", "57269424dd62a815002e8a20": " 260 of the 352 votes.", "57269424dd62a815002e8a21": " 260 of the 352 votes.", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fa": " Kompetenz-Kompetenz question: who ultimately has the \"competence\" to define the EU's \"competence\".", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fb": " Kompetenz-Kompetenz question: who ultimately has the \"competence\" to define the EU's \"competence\".", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fc": " Kompetenz-Kompetenz question: who ultimately has the \"competence\" to define the EU's \"competence\".", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fd": " Kompetenz-Kompetenz question: who ultimately has the \"competence\" to define the EU's \"competence\".", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fe": " Kompetenz-Kompetenz question: who ultimately has the \"competence\" to define the EU's \"competence\".", "572695285951b619008f774b": " Kompetenz-Kompetenz question: who ultimately has the \"competence\" to define the EU's \"competence\".", "572695285951b619008f774c": " Kompetenz-Kompetenz question: who ultimately has the \"competence\" to define the EU's \"competence\".", "572695285951b619008f774d": " Kompetenz-Kompetenz question: who ultimately has the \"competence\" to define the EU's \"competence\".", "572695285951b619008f774e": " Kompetenz-Kompetenz question: who ultimately has the \"competence\" to define the EU's \"competence\".", "572658435951b619008f7025": " seminal and controversial judgments, including Van Gend en Loos, Mangold v Helm, and Kadi v Commission.", "572658435951b619008f7026": " TEU article 19(3) is to be the ultimate court to interpret questions of EU law.", "572658435951b619008f7027": " EU court for a preliminary ruling.", "572658435951b619008f7028": " state courts", "572658435951b619008f7029": " seminal and controversial judgments, including Van Gend en Loos, Mangold v Helm, and Kadi v Commission.", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e484": " TEU article 19(3) is to be the ultimate court to interpret questions of EU law.", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e485": " TEU article 19(3) is to be the ultimate court to interpret questions of EU law.", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e486": " detail but without general importance. There is also a Civil Service Tribunal", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e487": " TEU article 19(3) is to be the ultimate court to interpret questions of EU law.", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e488": " seminal and controversial judgments, including Van Gend en Loos, Mangold v Helm, and Kadi v Commission.", "57265e455951b619008f70bb": " the Court of Justice's view is that if EU law conflicts with a provision of national law, then EU law has primacy.", "57265e455951b619008f70bc": " Costa v ENEL, a Milanese lawyer, and former shareholder of an energy company, named Mr Costa refused to pay his electricity bill to Enel", "57265e455951b619008f70bd": " TFEU article 267", "5726975c708984140094cb1f": " national and globalising legal systems.", "5726975c708984140094cb20": " EU law conflicts with a provision of national law, then EU law has primacy. In the first major case in 1964, Costa v EN", "5726975c708984140094cb21": " EU law conflicts with a provision of national law, then EU law has primacy.", "572699db5951b619008f7799": " EU law. This, however, would only happen in the case of an express wish of the people to withdraw from the EU.", "572699db5951b619008f779a": " EU law. This, however, would only happen in the case of an express wish of the people to withdraw from the EU.", "572699db5951b619008f779b": " EU law. This, however, would only happen in the case of an express wish of the people to withdraw from the EU.", "572699db5951b619008f779d": " democratisation of its institutions, and has a framework that protects fundamental human rights, it would not review EU legislation", "572699db5951b619008f779c": " EU legislation", "57269aa65951b619008f77ab": " the Court of Justice also held that the Treaties allowed citizens or corporations to bring claims against EU and member state institutions for violation of the Treat", "57269aa65951b619008f77ac": " Directives, citizens or corporations were said in 1986 to not be allowed to bring claims against other non-state parties", "57269aa65951b619008f77ad": " All actions by EU institutions can be subject to judicial review", "57269aa65951b619008f77ae": " the Court of Justice also held that the Treaties allowed citizens or corporations to bring claims against EU and member state institutions for violation of the Treat", "57269bb8708984140094cb95": " quantitative restrictions could be placed on trade, without a good justification, Van G", "57269bb8708984140094cb96": " Treaty provisions in this sense, because as TFEU article 288", "57269bb8708984140094cb97": " quantitative restrictions could be placed on trade, without a good justification, Van G", "57269bb8708984140094cb98": " Treaty provisions in this sense, because as TFEU article 288", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b12": " TFEU article 288", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b13": " TFEU article 288", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b14": " TFEU article 288", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b15": " TFEU article 288", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e516": " direct effect). So, in Pubblico Ministero v Ratti because the Italian government had failed to implement a Directive 73/173", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e517": " direct effect). So, in Pubblico Ministero v Ratti because the Italian government had failed to implement a Directive 73/173", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e518": " 10 years, from age 18 to 28, for Swedex G", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e519": " direct effect).", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e51a": " direct effect).", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e534": "irect effect\".", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e535": "irect effect\".", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e536": " citizen may not be able to bring claims against other non-state parties", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e537": " citizen may not be able to bring claims against other non-state parties", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e550": "The principles of European Union law are rules of law which have been", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e551": " European Court of Justice that constitute unwritten rules which are not expressly provided for in the treaties", "5726a09f708984140094cc39": " the 1950s.", "5726a09f708984140094cc3a": " several appropriate measures the least onerous must be adopted, and any disadvantage caused must not be disproportionate to the aims pursued.", "5726a09f708984140094cc3b": " the European Court of Justice since the 1950s.", "5726a14c708984140094cc51": " legitimate expectation doctrine", "5726a14c708984140094cc52": " the general principle of legal certainty prohibits Ex post facto laws, i.", "5726a14c708984140094cc53": " the general principle of legal certainty prohibits Ex post facto laws, i.", "5726a14c708984140094cc54": " legitimate expectation doctrine", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b86": " constitutional traditions common to the member states. Therefore, the European Court of Justice cannot uphold measures which are incompatible with fundamental rights", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b87": " constitutional traditions common to the member states. Therefore, the European Court of", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9e": " the only concern was that member states should be prevented from violating human rights, hence the establishment of the European Convention on Human Rights in 1950", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9f": " the only concern was that member states should be prevented from violating human rights, hence the establishment of the European Convention on Human Rights in 1950", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba0": " the only concern was that member states should be prevented from violating human rights, hence the establishment of the European Convention on Human", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba1": " the only concern was that member states should be prevented from violating human rights, hence the establishment of the European Convention on Human", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba2": " the only concern was that member states should be prevented from violating human rights", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59e": " the Charter and the Convention now co-exist under European Union law", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59f": " the Charter and the Convention now co-exist under European Union law", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a0": " the European Court of Justice in relation to European Union measures", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a1": "The 2007 Lisbon Treaty", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5ae": " 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5af": "The Social Chapter is a chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b0": " Amsterdam", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b1": " 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b2": " Community legislation", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd0": " Maastricht Treaty - instead, an Agreement on Social Policy", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd1": " Maastricht Treaty - instead, an Agreement on Social Policy", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd2": " UK refused to sign the Social Charter and was exempt from the legislation covering Social Charter issues unless it agreed to be bound by the legislation", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd3": " 1992 Maastricht Treaty - instead, an Agreement on Social Policy", "5726a5525951b619008f78dd": " Social Chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a5525951b619008f78de": " Social Chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a5525951b619008f78df": " the UK formally subscribed to the Agreement on Social Policy, which allowed it to be included with minor amendments as the Social Chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a5525951b619008f78e0": " Social Chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a5525951b619008f78e1": " Social Chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf6": " regional agreement and established the trans-European model of competition law. In 1957 competition rules were included in the Treaty of Rome", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf7": " regional agreement and established the trans-European model of competition law. In 1957 competition rules were included in the Treaty of Rome", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf8": " regional agreement and established the trans-European model of competition law. In 1957 competition rules were included in the Treaty of Rome", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf9": " regional agreement", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bfa": " regional agreement and established the trans-European model of competition law. In 1957 competition rules were included in the Treaty of Rome", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e654": "/EC). The general test is whether a concentration (i.e. merger or acquisition) with a community dimension (i", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e655": "/EC). The general test is whether a concentration (i.e. merger or acquisition) with a community dimension (i", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e656": " Treaty of Lisbon", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e657": " Treaty of Lisbon", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b55": " The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union articles 28 to 37", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b56": " The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union articles 28 to 37", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b57": " The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union articles 28 to 37", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b58": " The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union articles 28 to 37", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b59": " The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union articles 28 to 37", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbe": " the principle of non-discrimination. The EU manages imports from non-member states, duties between member states are prohibited, and imports circulate freely.", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbf": " all measures having equivalent effect shall be prohibited between Member States\u2019. In Procureur du", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc0": " the principle of non-discrimination. The EU manages imports from non-member states, duties between member states are prohibited, and imports circulate freely.", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc1": " the principle of non-discrimination.", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc2": " Scotch whisky imports to have a certificate of origin was unlikely to be lawful. It discriminated against parallel importers like Mr Dasson", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e8": " TFEU article 34, because it had a greater negative effect on imports. German liqueurs were over 25 per", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e9": " TFEU article 34, because it had a greater negative effect on imports. German liqueurs were over 25 per", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ea": " TFEU article 34, because it had a greater negative effect on imports. German liqueurs were over 25 per", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8eb": " TFEU article 34, because it had a greater negative effect on imports. German liqueurs were over 25 per", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ec": " TFEU article 34, because it had a greater negative effect on imports. German liqueurs were over 25 per", "5726ba2c708984140094cf59": " TFEU article 34", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5a": " TFEU article 34", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5b": " TFEU article 34", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5c": " TFEU article 34", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e74": " European Community", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e75": " European Community", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e76": " European Community", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e77": " European Community", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e78": " economic nature of the project", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea6": " Gaelic to teach in a Dublin design college could be justified as part", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea7": " Gaelic to teach in a Dublin design college could be justified as part", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea8": " Gaelic to teach in a Dublin design college could be justified as part", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea9": " Gaelic to teach in a Dublin design college could be justified as part", "5726bc1add62a815002e8eaa": " Gaelic to teach in a Dublin design college could be justified as part", "5726bcde708984140094cfbf": " social services that people can access", "5726bcde708984140094cfc0": " the Court of Justice, and has accordingly increased the number of social services", "5726bcde708984140094cfc1": " Austrian students", "5726bcde708984140094cfc2": " social services that people can access wherever they move.", "5726c002708984140094d073": " the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union also protects the \"freedom of establishment\" in article", "5726c002708984140094d074": " \"freedom of establishment\" in article 49, and \"freedom to provide services\" in article 56. In Gebhard v Consigl", "5726c002708984140094d075": " \"freedom of establishment\" in article 49, and \"freedom to provide services\" in article 56. In Gebhard v Consiglio", "5726c002708984140094d076": " Belgian nationality was unjustified. TFEU article 49 says states are exempt from infringing others' freedom of establishment", "5726c002708984140094d077": " economic life \"on a stable and continuous basis\", while providing \"services\" meant pursuing activity more \"on a temporary basis\".", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8a": " the only other proposal has been the draft intellectual property rights directive", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8b": " the only other proposal has been the draft intellectual property rights directive", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8c": " intellectual property rights directive", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8d": " the only other proposal has been the draft intellectual property rights directive", "5726c3da708984140094d0d9": " the government (rather than the service recipient) paid for the service. National authorities could be justified in refusing to reimburse patients for medical services", "5726c3da708984140094d0da": " secondary education falls outside the scope of article 56, because usually the state funds it, though higher education does not. Health care generally counts as a service", "5726c3da708984140094d0db": " secondary education falls outside the scope of article 56, because usually the state funds it, though higher education does not. Health care generally counts as a service", "5726c3da708984140094d0dc": " the government (rather than the service recipient) paid for the service. National authorities could be justified in refusing to reimburse patients for medical services", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac4": " TFEU article 49. This meant the Daily Mail newspaper's parent company could not evade tax by shifting its residence to the Netherlands", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac5": " TFEU article 49. This meant the Daily Mail newspaper's parent company could not evade tax by shifting its residence to the Netherlands", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac6": " TFEU article 49. This meant the Daily Mail newspaper's parent company could not evade tax by shifting its residence to the Netherlands", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac7": " TFEU article 49. This meant the Daily Mail newspaper's parent company could not evade tax by shifting its residence to the Netherlands", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac8": " TFEU article 49. This meant the Daily Mail newspaper's parent company could not evade tax by shifting its residence to the Netherlands", "5725b81b271a42140099d097": " \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "5725b81b271a42140099d098": " \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "5725b81b271a42140099d099": " \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "5725b81b271a42140099d09a": " \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "5725b81b271a42140099d09b": " \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "5728349dff5b5019007d9efe": " \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "5728349dff5b5019007d9eff": " \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f00": " \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f01": " \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f02": " \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "5729e2316aef0514001550c4": " \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "5729e2316aef0514001550c5": " \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "5729e2316aef0514001550c6": " \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "5729e2316aef0514001550c7": " \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "5729e2316aef0514001550c8": " \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "5725be0f271a42140099d117": " 66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years", "5725be0f271a42140099d118": " 66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years", "5725be0f271a42140099d119": " Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene", "5725be0f271a42140099d11a": " the extinction of the dinosaurs and the wet", "5725be0f271a42140099d11b": " 66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f94": " 66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f95": " the extinction of the dinosaurs and the wetter climate may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent. From 66\u201334 Mya", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f96": " the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f97": " Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f98": " the extinction of the dinosaurs and the wetter climate may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent. From 66\u201334 Mya", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b5": " the extinction of the dinosaurs and the wetter climate may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent. From 66\u201334 Mya", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b6": " 66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b7": " Miocene, then retracted to a mostly inland formation at the last glacial maximum.", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b8": " 66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0.", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b9": " 66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0", "5725c071271a42140099d127": " the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es", "5725c071271a42140099d128": " the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es", "5725c071271a42140099d129": " the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es", "5725c071271a42140099d12a": " the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es", "5725c071271a42140099d12b": " the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es", "57283d173acd2414000df78f": " the Purus", "57283d173acd2414000df790": " the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es", "57283d173acd2414000df791": " the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es", "57283d173acd2414000df792": " the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es", "57283d173acd2414000df793": " the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es", "5729e6313f37b319004785a9": " the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es", "5729e6313f37b319004785aa": " the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es", "5729e6313f37b319004785ab": " the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es", "5729e6313f37b319004785ac": " the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es", "5729e6313f37b319004785ad": " the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50b": " deglaciation.", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50c": " deglaciation. Analyses of sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall in the basin during the L", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50d": " deglaciation. Analyses of sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall in the basin during the L", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50e": " deglaciation. Analyses of sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall in the basin during the L", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50f": " deglaciation. Analyses of sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall in the basin during the L", "572841772ca10214002da1a6": " deglaciation. Analyses of sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall in the basin during the L", "572841772ca10214002da1a7": " deglaciation. Analyses of sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall in the basin during the L", "572841772ca10214002da1a8": " deglaciation. Analyses of sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall in the basin during the L", "572841772ca10214002da1a9": " deglaciation. Analyses of sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall in the basin during the L", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa779": " deglaciation. Analyses of sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall in the basin during the L", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77a": " deglaciation. Analyses of sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall in the basin during the L", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77b": " deglaciation.", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77c": " deglaciation. Analyses of sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall in the basin during the L", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77d": " deglaciation. Analyses of sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall in the basin during the L", "5725c63438643c19005acc9f": " an average 182", "5725c63438643c19005acca0": " CALIPSO satellite", "5725c63438643c19005acca1": " CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon: an average 182 million tons of dust are", "5725c63438643c19005acca2": " CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon: an average 182 million tons of dust are", "5725c63438643c19005acca3": " an average 182 million tons of dust are", "5728455bff5b5019007da078": " CALIPSO satellite", "5728455bff5b5019007da079": " CALIPSO satellite", "5728455bff5b5019007da07a": " CALIPSO satellite", "5728455bff5b5019007da07b": " CALIPSO satellite", "5728455bff5b5019007da07c": " CALIPSO satellite", "5729ea263f37b319004785bd": " CALIPSO satellite", "5729ea263f37b319004785be": " CALIPSO satellite", "5729ea263f37b319004785bf": " CALIPSO satellite", "5729ea263f37b319004785c0": " CALIPSO satellite", "5729ea263f37b319004785c1": " CALIPSO satellite", "5725c95f38643c19005accf3": " Amazon rainforest was only ever sparsely populated, as it was impossible to sustain a large population through agriculture given the poor soil. Archeologist Betty Me", "5725c95f38643c19005accf4": " 1900 the population had fallen to 1 million and by the early 1980s it was less than 200,", "5725c95f38643c19005accf5": " 1900 the population had fallen to 1 million and by the early 1980s it was less than 200,", "5725c95f38643c19005accf6": " 5 million people may have lived in the Amazon region in AD", "5725c95f38643c19005accf7": " 1900 the population had fallen to 1 million and by the early 1980s it was less than 200,", "572847dd4b864d19001648bc": " 1900 the population had fallen to 1 million and by the early 1980s it was less than 200,", "572847dd4b864d19001648bd": " 1900 the population had fallen to 1 million and by the early 1980s it was less than 200,", "572847dd4b864d19001648be": " 5 million people may have lived in the Amazon region in AD", "572847dd4b864d19001648bf": " 5 million people may have lived in the Amazon region in AD", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6c9": " 1900 the population had fallen to 1 million and by the early 1980s it was less than 200,", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6ca": " 5 million people may have lived in the Amazon region in AD", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cb": " 1900 the population had fallen to 1 million and by the early 1980s it was less than 200,", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cc": " 1900 the population had fallen to 1 million and by the early 1980s it was less than 200,", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cd": " 1900 the population had fallen to 1 million and by the early 1980s it was less than 200,", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed2": " The BBC's Unnatural", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed3": "The first European to travel the length of the Amazon River was Francisco de Orellana in 1542. The BBC's Unnatural", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed4": " deforested land dating between AD", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed5": " the geoglyphs in 1977 and Alceu Ranzi with furthering their discovery after flying over Acre. The BBC's Unnatural", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed6": " deforested land dating between AD", "5729edd56aef051400155112": " The BBC's Unnatural", "5729edd56aef051400155113": " The BBC's Unnatural", "5729edd56aef051400155114": "The first European to travel the length of the Amazon River was Francisco de Orellana in 1542. The BBC's Unnatural", "5729edd56aef051400155115": " the geoglyphs in 1977 and Alceu Ranzi with furthering their discovery after flying over Acre. The BBC's Unnatural Hist", "5729edd56aef051400155116": " deforested land dating between AD", "5725cf3238643c19005acd61": " The development of this fertile", "5725cf3238643c19005acd62": " The development of this fertile", "5725cf3238643c19005acd63": " The development of this fertile soil allowed agriculture and silviculture", "5725cf3238643c19005acd64": " The development of this fertile", "5725cf3238643c19005acd65": " The development of this fertile", "5729ef266aef05140015511c": " The development of this fertile", "5729ef266aef05140015511d": " The development of this fertile", "5729ef266aef05140015511e": " The development of this fertile", "5729ef266aef05140015511f": " The development of this fertile", "5729ef266aef051400155120": " The development of this fertile", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61b": " Amazon, and one in five of the fish species live in Amazonian rivers and streams. Scientists have described between 96,660 and 128", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61c": " Amazon, and one in five of the fish species live in Amazonian rivers and streams. Scientists have described between 96,660 and 128", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61d": " the Amazon, and one in five of the fish species live in Amazonian rivers and streams. Scientists have described between 96,660 and 128", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61e": " invertebrate species in Brazil alone.", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61f": " Amazon, and one in five of the fish species live in Amazonian rivers and streams. Scientists have described between 96,660 and 128", "5729f0db6aef051400155126": " the Amazon, and one in five of the fish species live in Amazonian rivers and streams. Scientists have described between 96,660 and 128", "5729f0db6aef051400155127": " the Amazon, and one in five of the fish species live in Amazonian rivers and streams. Scientists have described between 96,660 and 128", "5729f0db6aef051400155128": " the Amazon, and one in five of the fish species live in Amazonian rivers and streams. Scientists have described between 96,660 and 128", "5729f0db6aef051400155129": " the Amazon, and one in five of the fish species live in Amazonian rivers and streams. Scientists have described between 96,660 and 128", "5729f0db6aef05140015512a": " the Amazon, and one in five of the fish species live in Amazonian rivers and streams. Scientists have described between 96,660 and 128", "5726722bdd62a815002e8528": " 2001", "5726722bdd62a815002e8529": " 2001", "5726722bdd62a815002e852a": " 2001", "5726722bdd62a815002e852b": " 2001", "5726722bdd62a815002e852c": " 2001", "5729f2646aef051400155130": " 2001", "5729f2646aef051400155131": " 2001", "5729f2646aef051400155132": " 2001", "5729f2646aef051400155133": " 2001", "5729f2646aef051400155134": " 2001", "5729f3831d0469140077967b": " caiman, jaguar, cougar, and anaconda. In the river, electric eels can produce an electric", "5729f3831d0469140077967c": " caiman, jaguar, cougar, and anac", "5729f3831d0469140077967d": "The rainforest contains several species that can pose a hazard.", "5729f3831d0469140077967e": " poison dart frogs secrete lipophilic alkaloid", "5729f3831d0469140077967f": " poison dart frogs secrete lipophilic alkaloid toxins through their flesh. There are also numerous parasites and disease vectors", "5729fd56af94a219006aa72f": " the conversion of forested areas to non-forested areas. The main sources of deforestation in the Amazon are human settlement and development of the land.", "5729fd56af94a219006aa730": " the conversion of forested areas to non-forested areas. The main sources of deforestation in the Amazon are human settlement and development of the land.", "5729fd56af94a219006aa731": " the conversion of forested areas to non-forested areas. The main sources of deforestation in the Amazon are human settlement and development of the land.", "5729fd56af94a219006aa732": " the conversion of forested areas to non-forested areas. The main sources of deforestation in the Amazon are human settlement and development of the land.", "5729fd56af94a219006aa733": " the conversion of forested areas to non-forested areas. The main sources of deforestation in the Amazon are human settlement and development of the land.", "5729feaf6aef051400155188": " economical advantage for Brazil from logging rainforest zones and converting these to pastoral fields", "5729feaf6aef051400155189": " economical advantage for Brazil from logging rainforest zones and converting these to pastoral fields", "5729feaf6aef05140015518a": " economical advantage for Brazil from logging rainforest zones and converting these to pastoral fields", "5729feaf6aef05140015518b": " economical advantage for Brazil from logging", "5729feaf6aef05140015518c": " economical advantage for Brazil from logging", "572a005f1d046914007796b7": "The needs of soy farmers have been used to justify many of the controversial transportation projects that are currently developing in the Amazon. The first two highways", "572a005f1d046914007796b8": "The needs of soy farmers have been used to justify many of the controversial transportation projects that are currently developing in the Amazon. The first two highways", "572a005f1d046914007796b9": "The needs of soy farmers have been used to justify many of the controversial transportation projects", "572a005f1d046914007796bb": "The needs of soy farmers have been used to justify many of the controversial transportation projects", "572a005f1d046914007796ba": "The needs of soy farmers have been used to justify many of the controversial transportation projects", "572a020f6aef051400155198": " 1011 metric tonnes of carbon. Amazonian forests are estimated to have accumulated 0.62 \u00b1 0", "572a020f6aef051400155199": " Amazonian evergreen", "572a020f6aef05140015519a": " Amazonian", "572a020f6aef05140015519b": " 1011 metric tonnes of carbon. Amazonian forests are estimated to have accumulated 0.62 \u00b1 0", "572a020f6aef05140015519c": " 1011 metric tonnes of carbon. Amazonian forests are estimated to have accumulated 0.62 \u00b1 0", "572a03a06aef0514001551aa": " climate change in addition to deforestation", "572a03a06aef0514001551ab": " 21st century by climate change in addition to deforestation", "572a03a06aef0514001551ac": " 21st century by climate change", "572a03a06aef0514001551ad": " 21st century by climate change", "572a03a06aef0514001551ae": " 21st century by climate change", "572a064a3f37b3190047865d": " ethno-biology and community-based conservation efforts", "572a064a3f37b3190047865e": " ethno-biology and community-based conservation efforts", "572a064a3f37b3190047865f": " Peruvian Amazon indigenous peoples' rainforest communities", "572a064a3f37b31900478660": " ethno-biology and community-based conservation efforts", "572a064a3f37b31900478661": " ethno-biology and community-based conservation efforts", "572a07c11d046914007796d5": " indigenous tribes of the basin to protect their tribal lands from commercial interests. Using handheld GPS devices and programs like Google Earth", "572a07c11d046914007796d6": " the indigenous tribes of the basin to protect their tribal lands from commercial interests. Using handheld GPS devices and programs like Google Earth", "572a07c11d046914007796d7": " indigenous tribes of the basin to protect their tribal lands from commercial interests. Using handheld GPS", "572a07c11d046914007796d8": " the indigenous tribes of the basin to protect their tribal lands from commercial interests. Using handheld GPS", "572a07c11d046914007796d9": " Amazon is also being used by the indigenous tribes of the basin to protect their tribal lands from commercial interests. Using handheld GPS devices and programs like Google Earth", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75b": " Kuplich organized the trees of the Amazon into four categories: (1) mature forest, (2", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75c": " Kuplich organized the trees of the Amazon into four categories: (1) mature forest, (2", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75d": " (1) mature forest, (2) regenerating forest [less than three years], (3", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75e": "'s biomass and subsequent carbon related emissions", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75f": " Amazon's biomass and subsequent carbon related emissions", "572a0b101d046914007796e9": " July", "572a0b101d046914007796eb": " the worst drought in one hundred years, and there were indications that 2006 could have been a second successive year of drought", "572a0b101d046914007796ec": " July", "572a0b101d046914007796ed": " July", "572a0b101d046914007796ea": " July", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa76f": " the Amazon rainforest experienced another severe drought, in some ways more extreme than the 2005 drought", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa770": "160,000 square miles", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa771": " 1.5 gigatons of carbon dioxide; during 2005 instead 5 gigatons were released and in 2010 8 gigat", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa772": " 1.5 gigatons of carbon dioxide; during 2005 instead 5 gigatons were released and in 2010 8 gigat", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa773": " Amazon absorbs 1.5 gigatons of carbon dioxide; during 2005 instead 5 gigatons were released and in 2010 8 gigat", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe1": "\u2018combs\u2019", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe2": "\u2018combs\u2019", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe3": "\u2018combs\u2019", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf2": "\u2018combs\u2019", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf3": "\u2018combs\u2019", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf4": " Coelenterata, as both groups rely on water flow through the body cavity for both digestion and resp", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf5": "\u2018combs\u2019", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf6": " the \u2018combs\u2019", "57263eaa38643c19005ad371": "\u2018combs\u2019", "57263eaa38643c19005ad372": "\u2018combs\u2019", "57263eaa38643c19005ad373": " Coelenterata, as both groups rely on water flow through the body cavity for both digestion and resp", "57263eaa38643c19005ad374": "\u2018combs\u2019", "57263eaa38643c19005ad375": "\u2018combs\u2019", "5725bae289a1e219009abd90": " cydippids with egg-shaped bodies and a pair of retractable tentacles fringed with tentilla", "5725bae289a1e219009abd91": " 100\u2013150 species have been validated, and possibly another 25 have not been fully described and named.", "5725bae289a1e219009abd92": " cydippids with egg-shaped bodies and a pair of retractable tentacles fringed with tentilla", "5725c337271a42140099d163": " 100\u2013150 species have been validated, and possibly another 25 have not been fully described and named.", "5725c337271a42140099d164": " fringed with tentilla", "5725c337271a42140099d165": " cydippids with egg-shaped bodies and a pair of retractable tentacles fringed with tentilla", "5725c337271a42140099d166": " cydippids with egg-shaped bodies and a pair of retractable tentacles fringed with tentilla", "5725c337271a42140099d167": " cydippids with egg-shaped bodies and a pair of retractable tentacles fringed with tentilla", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ee": " cydippids with egg-shaped bodies and a pair of retractable tentacles fringed with tentilla", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ef": " cydippids with egg-shaped bodies and a pair of retractable tentacles fringed with tentilla", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f0": " ctenophores are predators, taking prey ranging from microscopic larvae and rot", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f1": " cydippids with egg-shaped bodies and a pair of retractable tentacles fringed with tentilla", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f2": " 100\u2013150 species have been", "5725bc0338643c19005acc11": " single animal can produce both eggs and sperm, meaning it can fertilize its own egg, not needing a mate.", "5725bc0338643c19005acc12": " The young are generally planktonic and in most species look like miniature cydippids", "5725bc0338643c19005acc13": " The combination of hermaphroditism and early reproduction", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5e": " single", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5f": " single animal", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe60": " single animal can produce both eggs and sperm, meaning it can fertilize its own egg, not needing a mate.", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe61": " The young are generally planktonic", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe62": " single animal can produce both eggs and sperm, meaning it can fertilize its own egg, not needing a mate.", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd1": " single animal can produce both eggs and sperm, meaning it can fertilize its own egg, not needing a mate.", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd2": " single", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd3": " single", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd4": " The young are generally planktonic", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd5": " The young are generally planktonic", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc39": " Black Sea", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3a": " Mnemiopsis, has accidentally been introduced into the Black Sea", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3b": "fishing and long-term environmental changes", "5725c69738643c19005accb9": "fishing and long-term environmental changes", "5725c69738643c19005accba": " Mnemiopsis, has accidentally been introduced into the Black Sea", "5725c69738643c19005accbb": "fishing and long-term environmental changes", "5725c69738643c19005accbc": "fishing and long-term environmental changes", "5726431d271a42140099d7f5": "fishing and long-term environmental changes", "5726431d271a42140099d7f6": "fishing and long-term environmental changes", "5726431d271a42140099d7f7": " Mnemiopsis, has accidentally been introduced into the Black Sea", "5726431d271a42140099d7f8": " The situation was aggravated by other factors, such as over-fishing and long-term environmental changes", "5726431d271a42140099d7f9": "fishing and long-term environmental changes", "5725c91e38643c19005acceb": " soft, gelatinous bodies, fossils thought to represent ctenophores, apparently with no tentacles", "5725c91e38643c19005accec": " soft, gelatinous", "5725c91e38643c19005acced": "ic, in other", "5725c91e38643c19005accee": " soft, gelatinous", "5726449f1125e71900ae1928": " soft, gelatinous", "5726449f1125e71900ae1929": " soft, gelatinous bodies, fossils thought to represent ctenophores, apparently with no tentacles", "5726449f1125e71900ae192a": "ic, in other", "5726449f1125e71900ae192b": " soft, gelatinous", "5725cb33271a42140099d1db": "Ctenophores", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dc": " nervous systems; and some have sensory organs. Ctenophores are distinguished from all other animals by having colloblasts", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dd": " bilaterians (which include almost all other animals).", "5725cb33271a42140099d1de": "Ctenophores", "5725cb33271a42140099d1df": " nervous systems; and some have sensory", "572646655951b619008f6ebf": " cnidarians (jellyfish, sea anem", "572646655951b619008f6ec0": "Ctenophores form an animal", "572646655951b619008f6ec1": " nervous systems; and some have sensory", "572646655951b619008f6ec2": "Ctenophores", "572646655951b619008f6ec3": " bilaterians (which include almost all other animals).", "572647d0708984140094c14b": " diploblastic", "572647d0708984140094c14c": " diploblastic", "572647d0708984140094c14d": " diploblastic, along with sponges. Both ctenophores and cnid", "572647d0708984140094c14e": " three main cell layers and no intermediate jelly-like layer. Hence ctenophores and cnidarians have traditionally been labelled diploblastic", "572648e8dd62a815002e8076": " comb rows, that run the length of their bodies and bear comb-like bands of cilia", "572648e8dd62a815002e8077": " eight strips, called comb rows, that run the length of their bodies and bear comb-like bands of cilia", "572648e8dd62a815002e8078": " eight strips, called comb rows, that run the length of their bodies and bear comb-like bands of cilia", "572648e8dd62a815002e8079": " comb rows, that run the length of their bodies and bear comb-like bands of cilia", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db40": " three coastal genera \u2013 Pleurobrachia, Beroe and Mnemiopsis. At least two textbooks", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db41": " Coastal species need to be tough enough to withstand waves and swirling", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db42": " three coastal genera \u2013 Pleurobrachia, Beroe and Mnemiopsis. At least two textbooks", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db43": " Coastal species need to be tough enough to withstand waves and swirling", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a0": " an epithelium, the gastrodermis. The mouth and pharyn", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a1": " gastrodermis. The mouth and pharyn", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a2": " gastrodermis. The mouth and pharyn", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a3": " gastrodermis. The mouth and pharyn", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a4": " gastrodermis. The mouth and pharyn", "57264cfa708984140094c1c3": " cilia, up to 2 millimeters (0.079 in).", "57264cfa708984140094c1c4": " comb rows, called swimming-plates", "57264cfa708984140094c1c5": " cilia, up to 2 millimeters (0.079 in).", "57264cfa708984140094c1c6": " eight comb rows, called swimming", "57264cfa708984140094c1c7": " cilia, up to 2 millimeters (0.079 in).", "57264e66dd62a815002e811a": " osmotic pressure", "57264e66dd62a815002e811b": " ctenophores control their buoyancy", "57264e66dd62a815002e811c": " osmotic pressure to adapt to water of different densities. Their body fluids are normally as concentrated as seawater", "57264e66dd62a815002e811d": " buoyancy", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5e": " the aboral organ (at the opposite end from the mouth). Its main component is a statocyst", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5f": " a statocyst", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc60": " the aboral organ (at the opposite end from the mouth). Its main component is a statocyst, a balance sensor", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc61": " a statocyst", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc62": " the aboral organ (at the opposite end from the mouth). Its main component is a statocyst, a balance sensor", "57265746dd62a815002e8218": "ippid ctenophores have bodies that are more or", "57265746dd62a815002e8219": " coastal", "57265746dd62a815002e821a": " coastal", "57265746dd62a815002e821b": "ippid ctenophores have bodies that are more or", "57265746dd62a815002e821c": " coastal", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcac": "The tentacles of cyd", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcad": " fringed with tentilla (\"little tentacles\"), although a few genera have simple tentacles without these sidebranches.", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcae": "branches. The tentacles and tentilla are densely covered with microscopic colloblasts", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcaf": " The tentacles and tentilla are densely covered with microscopic colloblasts", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcb0": " fringed with tentilla (\"little tentacles\"), although a few genera have simple tentacles", "572659ea5951b619008f7051": " balancer", "572659ea5951b619008f7052": " balancer", "572659ea5951b619008f7053": " balancer", "572659ea5951b619008f7054": "iliary groove", "57265aaf5951b619008f706b": " four auricles", "57265aaf5951b619008f706c": " auricles, gelatinous", "57265aaf5951b619008f706d": " auricles, gelatinous", "57265aaf5951b619008f706e": " four auricles", "57265aaf5951b619008f706f": " auricles", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd36": " clapping their lobes", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd37": " Mexican wave", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd38": " Mexican wave", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd39": " Mexican wave", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd50": " fused bundles of several", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd51": " fused bundles of several", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd52": "The Beroid", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd53": " fused bundles of several", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd54": " fused bundles of several", "57265e97708984140094c3c3": " Cestida (\"belt animals\") are ribbon-shaped planktonic animals, with the mouth and aboral", "57265e97708984140094c3c6": " the mouth and aboral", "57265e97708984140094c3c4": "The Cestida (\"belt animals\") are ribbon-shaped planktonic animals, with the mouth and aboral", "57265e97708984140094c3c5": " the mouth and aboral", "57265e97708984140094c3c7": " Cestida (\"belt animals\") are ribbon-shaped planktonic animals, with the mouth and aboral", "572681c1dd62a815002e8796": " the oral-aboral direction, with a pair of tentilla-bearing tentacles", "572681c1dd62a815002e8797": " oval bodies that are flattened in the oral-aboral direction, with a pair of tentilla-bearing tentacles", "572681c1dd62a815002e8798": " comb-rows", "572681c1dd62a815002e8799": " oval bodies that are flattened in the oral-aboral", "572683075951b619008f7513": " Fertilization is external in most species, but platyctenids use internal fertilization", "572683075951b619008f7514": " Fertilization is external in most species, but platyctenids use internal fertilization", "572683075951b619008f7515": " Fertilization is external in most species, but platyctenids use internal fertilization", "572683075951b619008f7516": " Fertilization is external in most species, but platyctenids use internal fertilization", "572683075951b619008f7517": " Fertilization is external in most species, but platyctenids use internal fertilization", "572684365951b619008f753f": " distinctive larval", "572684365951b619008f7540": " distinctive larval", "572684365951b619008f7541": " distinctive larval", "572684365951b619008f7542": " distinctive larval", "572684365951b619008f7543": " distinctive", "572686fc708984140094c8e5": " ctenophores' bioluminescence", "572686fc708984140094c8e6": " ctenophores' bioluminescence", "572686fc708984140094c8e7": " ctenophores' bioluminescence", "572686fc708984140094c8e8": " ctenophores' bioluminescence", "5726887e708984140094c917": " one genus that is partly parasitic.", "5726887e708984140094c918": " one", "5726887e708984140094c919": " mollusc and fish larvae, to small adult crustaceans such as copepods, amphipods, and even krill.", "5726887e708984140094c91a": " one", "5726887e708984140094c91b": " few species. The two-t", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33c": " combs sometimes remain intact", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33d": " combs sometimes remain intact", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33e": " combs sometimes remain intact", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33f": " combs sometimes remain intact", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e340": " combs sometimes remain intact", "57268c01dd62a815002e8912": " Mnemiopsis leidyi was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea and Sea of Azov via the ballast tanks of ships", "57268c01dd62a815002e8913": " Mnemiopsis leidyi was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea and Sea of Azov via the ballast tanks", "57268c01dd62a815002e8915": " the Western Atlantic ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea and Sea of Azov via the ballast tanks", "57268c01dd62a815002e8914": " the Western Atlantic ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea and Sea of Azov via the ballast tanks", "57268c01dd62a815002e8916": " cooling of the local climate from 1991 to 1993", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39c": " lager", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39d": " The Ediacaran Eoandromeda could putatively represent a comb jelly", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39e": "oandromeda", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39f": " lager", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e3a0": " lager", "57268f05dd62a815002e8990": "aunt\" of ctenophores, and that ctenophores originated from sessile animals", "57268f05dd62a815002e8991": "aunt\" of ctenophores, and that ctenophores originated from sessile animals", "57268f05dd62a815002e8992": "The early Cambrian sessile frond", "57268f05dd62a815002e8993": "aunt\" of ctenophores, and that ctenophores originated from sessile animals", "57268f05dd62a815002e8994": " 515 million years ago, is very similar to Vendobion", "57269016708984140094ca41": " neural and muscle cell types were either lost in major animal lineages (e.", "57269016708984140094ca42": " neural and muscle cell types were either lost in major animal lineages (e.", "572691bedd62a815002e89dc": " 4 recently discovered ones, confirmed that the cydippids are not monophyletic and concluded that the last common ancestor of modern cten", "572691bedd62a815002e89dd": " the cydippids are not monophyletic", "572691bedd62a815002e89de": " cydippid-like larvae", "572691bedd62a815002e89df": " molecular phylogeny analysis in 2001", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4d": " the city's population was 520,159", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4e": " the city's population was 520,159", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4f": " the city's population was 520", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd50": " the city's population was 520,159", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd51": " the city's population was 520,159", "5725cfd0271a42140099d225": " Fresno", "5725cfd0271a42140099d226": " the Central Pacific Railroad", "5725cfd0271a42140099d227": " the Central Pacific Railroad", "5725cfd0271a42140099d228": " 1872, the Central Pacific Railroad", "5725cfd0271a42140099d229": " the Central Pacific Railroad", "5725d183271a42140099d23d": " 94.0% white, 3.3% black and 2.7", "5725d183271a42140099d23e": " 94.0% white, 3.3% black and 2.7", "5725d183271a42140099d23f": " the Census Bureau reported Fresno's population as 94.0% white, 3.3% black and 2.7", "5725d183271a42140099d240": " 94.0% white, 3.3% black and 2.7", "5725d183271a42140099d241": " 94.0% white, 3.3% black and 2.7", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d639": "Americard", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63a": " Bank of America launched a new product called BankAmericard", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63b": " Fresno. After a troubled gestation during which its creator resigned, BankAmeric", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63c": " 1976, BankAmeric", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63d": " Fresno. After a troubled gestation during which its creator resigned, BankAmeric", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf58": " Hall Of Fame guitarist Bill Aken and recorded by Bob Gallion", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf59": " the city was the subject of a song, \"Walking Into Fresno\", written by Hall Of Fame guitarist Bill Aken and recorded by Bob Gallion", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5a": " the subject of a song, \"Walking Into Fresno\", written by Hall Of Fame guitarist Bill A", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5b": " Fresno", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5c": " Hall Of Fame guitarist Bill A", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d687": " Woodward Park, which features the Shinzen Japanese Gardens, numerous picnic areas and several miles of trails, is in North Fresno", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d688": " Roeding Park, near Downtown Fresno, is home to the Fresno Chaffee Zoo, and Rotary Storyland and Playland", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d689": " Woodward Park, which features the Shinzen Japanese Gardens, numerous picnic areas and several miles of trails, is in North Fresno", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68a": " Woodward Park, which features the Shinzen Japanese Gardens, numerous picnic areas and several miles of trails, is in North Fresno", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68b": " Woodward Park, which features the Shinzen Japanese Gardens, numerous picnic areas and several miles of trails, is in North Fresno", "5725d7e438643c19005acdf9": " Fresno County Courthouse (demolished), the Fresno Carnegie Public Library (demol", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfa": " Fresno County Courthouse (demolished), the Fresno Carnegie Public Library (demol", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfb": " Fresno County Courthouse (demolished), the Fresno Carnegie Public Library (demol", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfc": " Fresno County Courthouse (demolished), the Fresno Carnegie Public Library (demol", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b3": " Fresno's main financial and commercial district before being converted into one of the nation's first pedestrian malls in 1964. Renamed the Fulton Mall", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b4": " Fresno's main financial and commercial district before being converted into one of the nation's first pedestrian malls in 1964. Renamed the Fulton Mall", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b5": " Downtown Fresno", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b6": " Fresno's main financial and commercial district before being converted into one of the nation's first pedestrian malls in 1964. Renamed the Fulton Mall", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b7": "ulton Street in Downtown Fresno", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c5": " Its major thoroughfares are Kings Canyon Avenue and Clovis Avenue. Although parts of Sunn", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c6": " Fresno's far southeast side, bounded by Chestnut Avenue to the West. Its major thoroughf", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c7": " Fresno", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c8": " thoroughfares are Kings Canyon Avenue and Clovis Avenue. Although parts of Sunn", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c9": " thoroughfares are Kings Canyon Avenue and Clovis Avenue. Although parts of Sunn", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfea": " the historic Tower Theatre, which is included on the National List of Historic Places. The theater was built in 1939 and is at Olive and Wishon", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfeb": " Fresno", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfec": " Fresno", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfed": " Fresno", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfee": " Fresno proper, and one-half mile south of Fresno City College", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d7": " the late 1960s and 1970", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d8": " vibrant and culturally diverse area of retail businesses and residences experienced a renewal after a significant decline in the late 1960s and 1970", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d9": " 1978", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2da": " vibrant and culturally diverse area of retail businesses and residences experienced a renewal after a significant decline in the late 1960s and 1970", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2db": " vibrant and culturally diverse area of retail businesses and residences experienced a renewal after a significant decline in the late 1960s and 1970", "5725e45689a1e219009ac048": "The neighborhood features restaurants, live theater and nightclubs, as well as several independent shops and bookstores, currently operating on or near Olive Avenue", "5725e45689a1e219009ac049": "The neighborhood features restaurants, live theater and nightclubs, as well as several independent shops and bookstores, currently operating on or near Olive Avenue", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04a": "The neighborhood features restaurants, live theater and nightclubs, as well as several independent shops and bookstores, currently operating on or near Olive Avenue", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04b": "The neighborhood features restaurants, live theater and nightclubs, as well as several independent shops and bookstores, currently operating on or near Olive Avenue", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04c": "The neighborhood features restaurants, live theater and nightclubs, as well as several independent shops and bookstores, currently operating on or near Olive Avenue", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d733": " Fresno", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d734": " California Bungalow and American Craftsman", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d735": " Fresno architects, Hilliard, Taylor & Wheeler. The residential architecture of the Tower District contrasts with the newer areas of tract homes urban sprawl", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d736": " Fresno", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0ae": " 1910, on 190 acres of what had been an alfalfa field. The Alta Vista T", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0af": " the land would become known, was mapped by William Stranahan", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b0": " uninhabited but landscaped, although the trees had to be watered by tank wagon. In 1914 developers Billings & Mey", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b1": " uninhabited but landscaped, although the trees had to be watered by tank wagon. In 1914 developers Billings & Mey", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b2": " 1910, on 190 acres of what had been an alfalfa field. The Alta Vista T", "5725edfe38643c19005ace9f": "The \"West Side\" of Fresno", "5725edfe38643c19005acea0": " The neighborhood lies southwest of the 99 freeway", "5725edfe38643c19005acea1": " The neighborhood lies southwest of the 99 freeway", "5725edfe38643c19005acea2": " The neighborhood lies southwest of the 99 freeway", "5725edfe38643c19005acea3": " The neighborhood lies southwest of the 99 freeway (which divides it from Downtown Fresno", "5725f00938643c19005aced7": "The neighborhood includes Kearney Boulevard", "5725f00938643c19005aced8": "The neighborhood includes Kearney Boulevard", "5725f00938643c19005aced9": "The neighborhood includes Kearney Boulevard", "5725f00938643c19005aceda": "The neighborhood includes Kearney Boulevard", "5725f00938643c19005acedb": " violent crime", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d76f": " Fresno Housing Authority. The US Department of Housing and Urban Development has also built small subdivisions of single-family homes in the area", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d770": " Fresno Housing Authority. The US Department of Housing and Urban Development has also built small subdivisions of single-family homes in the area", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d771": " Fresno Housing Authority. The US Department of Housing and Urban Development has also built small subdivisions of single-family homes in the area", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d772": " Fresno Housing Authority. The US Department of Housing and Urban Development has also built small subdivisions of single-family homes in the area", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d773": " Fresno Housing Authority. The US Department of Housing and Urban Development has also built small subdivisions of single-family homes in the area", "5725f2c838643c19005aceed": " amphitheatre that seats up", "5725f2c838643c19005aceee": " amphitheatre that seats up", "5725f2c838643c19005aceef": " the late Ralph Woodward", "5725f2c838643c19005acef0": " amphitheatre that seats up", "5725f2c838643c19005acef1": " amphitheatre that seats up", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fa": " 1946", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fb": " Sierra Sky Park Airport is a residential airport", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fc": " Sierra Sky Park Airport is a residential airport", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fd": " Sierra Sky Park Airport is a residential airport", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fe": " 1946, Sierra Sky Park Airport is a residential airport", "5725f5b1271a42140099d371": " Fresno", "5725f5b1271a42140099d372": " January and February there is an increased presence of southeastern wind directions in the wind rose statistics. Fresno", "5725f5b1271a42140099d373": " January and February there is an increased presence of southeastern wind directions in the wind rose statistics. Fresno", "5725f5b1271a42140099d374": " the northwest, as winds are driven downward along the axis of the California Central Valley", "5725f5b1271a42140099d375": " January and February there is an increased presence of southeastern wind directions", "5725f6e138643c19005acf19": " 115 \u00b0F (46.1 \u00b0C), set on July", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1a": " 115 \u00b0F (46.1 \u00b0C), set on July", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1b": " 115 \u00b0F (46.1 \u00b0C), set on July", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1c": " 115 \u00b0F (46.1 \u00b0C), set on July", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1d": " 115 \u00b0F (46.1 \u00b0C), set on July", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf23": " 494,665", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf24": " 494,665", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf25": " 494,665", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf26": " 494,665", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf27": " 494,665", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b1": " 35,064 households (22.1%) were made up of individuals and 12", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b2": " 35,064 households (22.1%) were made up of individuals and 12", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b3": " 35,064 households (22.1%) were made up of individuals and 12", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b4": " 35,064 households (22.1%) were made up of individuals and 12", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b5": " 35,064 households (22.1%) were made up of individuals and 12", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac128": " 149,025 housing units at an average density of 1,427.9 square miles (3", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac129": " 149,025 housing units at an average density of 1,427.9 square miles (3", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12a": " 149,025 housing units at an average density of 1,427.9 square miles (3", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12b": " 149,025 housing units at an average density of 1,427.9 square miles (3", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12c": " 149,025 housing units at an average density of 1,427.9 square miles (3", "5725fb8138643c19005acf3f": " Federal Communications Commission decided that Fresno would only have UHF television stations. The very first Fresno", "5725fb8138643c19005acf40": " Fresno television station to begin broadcasting was KMJ-TV, which debuted on June 1, 1953", "5725fb8138643c19005acf41": " Federal Communications Commission decided that Fresno would only have UHF television stations", "5725fb8138643c19005acf42": " Federal Communications Commission decided that Fresno would only have UHF television stations. The very first Fresno television station to begin broadcasting was KMJ", "5725fb8138643c19005acf43": " Federal Communications Commission decided that Fresno would only have UHF television stations", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ad": " State Route", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ae": " the main north/south freeway that connects the major population centers of the California Central Valley. State Route 168, the Sierra Freeway", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3af": " State Route", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3b0": " the main north/south freeway", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7dd": " the Interstate Highway System was created in the 1950s, the decision was made to build what is now Interstate 5", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7de": " the 1950s, the decision was made to build what is now Interstate 5", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7df": " interstate system, most likely as Interstate 9", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7e0": " interstate system, most likely as Interstate 9", "5725ff8238643c19005acf49": " Amtrak", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4a": "enger rail service is provided by Amtrak", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4b": "enger rail service is provided by Amtrak", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4c": " Amtrak", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4d": "enger rail service is provided by Amtrak", "5725d34089a1e219009abf50": " Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages as part", "5725d34089a1e219009abf51": " Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages as part", "5725d34089a1e219009abf52": " Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages as part", "5725d34089a1e219009abf53": " Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages as part", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc2f": " Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages as part", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc30": " Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages as part", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc31": " Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages as part", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf78": " networking", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf79": " principal networking", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf7a": " principal networking", "572634a789a1e219009ac56c": " principal networking", "572634a789a1e219009ac56d": " principal networking", "572634a789a1e219009ac56e": " principal networking", "572634a789a1e219009ac56f": " principal networking", "5726219489a1e219009ac2ce": " intermediate forwarding", "5726219489a1e219009ac2cf": " intermediate forwarding", "5726219489a1e219009ac2d0": " intermediate forwarding", "5726356938643c19005ad2ff": " intermediate forwarding", "5726356938643c19005ad300": " intermediate forwarding", "5726356938643c19005ad301": " intermediate forwarding", "5726249538643c19005ad07f": " US Air Force into survivable communications networks, first presented to the Air Force in the summer of 1961 as briefing B-265", "5726249538643c19005ad080": " adaptive message block switching", "5726249538643c19005ad081": " adaptive message block switching during his research at the RAND Corporation for the US Air Force", "5726249538643c19005ad082": " adaptive message block switching during his research at the RAND Corporation for the US Air Force", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4a": " adaptive message block switching during his research at the RAND Corporation for the US Air Force into survivable communications", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4c": " adaptive message block switching during his research at the RAND Corporation for the US Air Force into survivable communications", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc49": " US Air Force into survivable communications networks, first presented to the Air Force in the summer of 1961 as briefing B-265", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4b": " B-265", "572629c6271a42140099d6a3": " ARPANET", "572629c6271a42140099d6a4": " Physical Laboratory, UK, independently developed the same message routing methodology as developed by Baran. He called it packet switching", "572629c6271a42140099d6a5": " ARPANET", "572629c6271a42140099d6a6": " ARPANET", "5726378238643c19005ad313": " ARPANET", "5726378238643c19005ad314": " ARPANET", "5726378238643c19005ad315": " ARPANET", "5726385e271a42140099d797": " transport layer protocol, although intermediate network nodes only provides a connectionless network layer service", "5726385e271a42140099d798": " transport layer protocol, although intermediate network nodes only provides a connectionless network layer service", "5726385e271a42140099d799": " transport layer protocol, although intermediate network nodes only provides a connectionless network layer service", "5726385e271a42140099d79a": " transport layer protocol, although intermediate network nodes only provides a connectionless network layer service", "5726398589a1e219009ac58b": " service parameters may be negotiated. Routing", "5726398589a1e219009ac58a": "Connection-oriented transmission", "5726398589a1e219009ac589": " service parameters may be negotiated. Routing", "5726398589a1e219009ac588": " service parameters may be negotiated. Routing", "57263b1638643c19005ad333": " HDLC-type link management procedures. Frame Rel", "57263b1638643c19005ad335": " HDLC-type link management procedures. Frame Rel", "57263b1638643c19005ad334": " HDLC-type link management procedures. Frame Rel", "57263b1638643c19005ad336": "LAPB) provides conventional HDLC-type link management procedures. Frame Rel", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7b": " 1969", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7c": " 1969", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7d": " 1969", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7e": "ARPANET and SITA HLN became operational in 1969. Before the introduction of X.25", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8d": "AppleTalk was a proprietary suite of networking protocols developed by Apple", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8e": " Apple", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8f": " AppleTalk system automatically assigned addresses, updated the distributed namespace, and configured any required inter-network routing", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc90": "AppleTalk was a proprietary suite of networking protocols developed by Apple", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a2": " French research network designed and directed by Louis Pouzin", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a3": " French research network", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a4": " French research network", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a5": " French", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c3": " Digital Equipment Corporation, originally released in 1975", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c4": " Digital Equipment Corporation, originally released in 1975", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c5": " Digital", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c6": " Digital", "57263fd138643c19005ad37b": " GE's four computer sales and service centers (Schenectady, Phoenix, Chicago, and Phoenix) to facilitate a computer time-sharing service", "57263fd138643c19005ad37c": " GE's four computer sales and service centers (Schenectady, Phoenix, Chicago, and Phoenix) to facilitate a computer time-sharing service", "57263fd138643c19005ad37d": " GE's four computer sales and service centers (Schenectady, Phoenix, Chicago, and Phoenix) to facilitate a computer time-sharing service", "57263fd138643c19005ad37e": " GE's four computer sales and service centers (Schenectady, Phoenix, Chicago, and Phoenix) to facilitate a computer time-sharing service", "5726414e271a42140099d7e5": " Educational Research Information Triad", "5726414e271a42140099d7e6": " Educational Research Information Triad", "5726414e271a42140099d7e7": " Michigan Educational Research Information Triad", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf5": " AT&T", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf6": " AT&", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf7": " AT&", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf8": " AT&", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf9": " GTE", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd13": " The private networks were often connected via gateways to the public network", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd14": " The private networks were often connected via gateways to the public network", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd15": " The private networks were often connected via gateways to the public network", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd16": " The private networks were often connected via gateways to the public network", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd17": " The private networks were often connected via gateways to the public network", "572643de5951261400b5195a": " DNIC of the remote network as part", "572643de5951261400b5195b": "ELENET and TYMNET were modified to provide a X.25 host interface in addition to older host connection schemes. DATAP", "572643de5951261400b5195c": "TTs", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404d": " Telstra", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404e": " Telstra", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404f": " Telecom Australia", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac6": "TT Telecom", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac7": "TT Telecom", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac8": "TT Telecom", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac9": "TT Telecom", "5726462b708984140094c117": " 1981", "5726462b708984140094c118": " 1981", "5726462b708984140094c119": " 1981. Its purpose was to extend networking benefits, for computer science departments at academic and research institutions that could not be directly connected to ARPANET", "5726472bdd62a815002e8042": " Level 3 Communications to launch a brand new nationwide network, boosting its capacity from 10 Gbit/s to 100 Gbit/", "5726472bdd62a815002e8043": " Qwest", "5726472bdd62a815002e8044": " Level 3 Communications to launch a brand new nationwide network, boosting its capacity from 10 Gbit/s to 100 Gbit/", "5726472bdd62a815002e8045": " Level 3 Communications to launch a brand new nationwide network, boosting its capacity from 10 Gbit/s to 100 Gbit/", "5726472bdd62a815002e8046": " Gbit/s to 100 Gbit/s. In October, 2007, Internet2 officially retired Abil", "572647e2dd62a815002e805c": " National Science Foundation (NS", "572647e2dd62a815002e805d": " National Science Foundation (NS", "572647e2dd62a815002e805e": " National Science Foundation (NS", "572648d1708984140094c15d": " The vB", "572648d1708984140094c15e": " The vB", "572648d1708984140094c15f": " MCI Telecommunications", "572648d1708984140094c160": " MCI Telecommunications under a cooperative agreement with the NSF. By 1998, the vB", "572648d1708984140094c161": " 1998, the vB", "57264684708984140094c123": " the arid plains", "57264684708984140094c124": " 1343. From there, it was most likely carried by Oriental rat fleas", "57264684708984140094c125": " 1343. From there, it was most likely carried by Oriental rat fleas", "57264684708984140094c126": " the arid plains", "57264684708984140094c127": " 1343. From there, it was most likely carried by Oriental rat fleas", "572647935951b619008f6ec9": " deadly plague arriving soon after. Epidemics that may have included plague killed an estimated 25 million Chinese and other Asians during the 15 years before it reached Constantinople", "572647935951b619008f6eca": " deadly plague arriving soon after. Epidemics that may have included plague killed an estimated 25 million Chinese and other Asians during the 15 years before it reached Constantinople", "572647935951b619008f6ecb": "The plague disease", "572647935951b619008f6ecc": " economic recovery had been", "572647935951b619008f6ecd": " 25 million Chinese and other Asians during the 15 years before it reached Constantinople", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0a": "ese", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0b": "ese", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0c": "ague", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0d": "ese traders", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0e": "ese traders", "572648ed5951b619008f6f03": " June", "572648ed5951b619008f6f04": " June", "572648ed5951b619008f6f05": " June", "572648ed5951b619008f6f06": " June 1348, then turned and spread east through Germany and Scandinavia from 1348 to 1350", "572648ed5951b619008f6f07": " June", "57264991f1498d1400e8db2e": " the disease entered the region from southern Russia also. By autumn 1347", "57264991f1498d1400e8db2f": " the disease entered the region from southern Russia also. By autumn 1347, the plague reached Alexandria", "57264991f1498d1400e8db30": " the disease entered the region from southern Russia also. By autumn 1347, the plague reached Alexandria", "57264991f1498d1400e8db31": " the disease entered the region from southern Russia also. By autumn 1347", "57264a74708984140094c18b": " the Latin", "57264a74708984140094c18c": " the Latin name atra m", "57264a74708984140094c18d": "quet", "57264a74708984140094c18e": " the Latin name atra m", "57264a74708984140094c18f": "Commonly and from its effects, they called it the black death\"). The name spread through Scandinavia and then Germany", "57264b3edd62a815002e80aa": " Miasma theory. The word 'plague' had no special", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ab": " Miasma theory. The word 'plague' had no special", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ac": "ma theory. The word 'plague' had no special", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ad": "ma theory. The word 'plague' had no special", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c6": "onic plague", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c7": "onic plague", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c8": " the plague", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c9": "onic plague", "57264c42dd62a815002e80ca": " two populations of rodents", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e4": "The historian Francis Aidan Gasquet", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e5": " Black Death for the second edition in 1908, implicating rats and fleas", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e6": " bubonic plague\".", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e7": " Eastern or bubonic plague\".", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e8": " Black Death for the second edition in 1908, implicating rats and fleas", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7a": " The modern bubonic plague has a mortality rate of 30\u201375", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7b": " bubonic plague has a mortality rate of 30\u201375", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7c": " The modern bubonic plague has a mortality rate of 30\u201375", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7d": " The modern bubonic plague has a mortality rate of 30\u201375", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7e": " fevers and purple skin", "57264e2f708984140094c1e1": " Black Death", "57264e2f708984140094c1e2": " Black Death", "57264e2f708984140094c1e3": " Black Death", "57264e2f708984140094c1e4": " the open-access scientific journal PLoS Pathogens", "57264e2f708984140094c1e5": " the open-access scientific journal PLoS Pathogens", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbae": " Y. pestis genome associated with medieval mass graves. These cl", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbaf": " clades (genetic branches) of the Y. pestis genome associated with medieval mass graves. These cl", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb0": " plague may have entered Europe in two waves", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb1": " clades (genetic branches) of the Y. pestis genome associated with medieval mass graves. These cl", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb2": " clades (genetic branches) of the Y. pestis genome associated with medieval mass graves. These cl", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa1": " Black Death victims", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa2": " Y. pestis", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa3": " Haensch study have since been confirmed and amended. Based on genetic evidence derived from Black Death victims", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa4": " Black Death victims", "5726509bdd62a815002e815a": " the work of British bacteriologist J. F. D. Shrewsbury", "5726509bdd62a815002e815b": " 14th-century pandemic were inconsistent with the modern bubonic plague", "5726509bdd62a815002e815c": " 14th-century pandemic were inconsistent with the modern bubonic plague", "5726509bdd62a815002e815d": " bubonic plague, leading him to conclude that contemporary accounts were exaggerations. In 1984 zoologist Graham Tw", "5726509bdd62a815002e815e": " 14th-century pandemic were inconsistent with the modern bubonic plague", "5726516a708984140094c223": " the spread of the plague in England, and even estimates of overall population at the start vary by over 100%", "5726516a708984140094c224": "iological account of the plague is as important as an identification of symptoms, but researchers are hampered by the lack", "5726516a708984140094c225": " 100%", "5726516a708984140094c226": " 100%", "5726516a708984140094c227": " the spread of the plague in England, and even estimates of overall population at the start vary by over 100%", "57265285708984140094c25b": " the rat population was insufficient to account for a bubonic plague pand", "57265285708984140094c25c": " Black Death are not unique (and arguably in some accounts may differ from bubonic plague); that transference via fleas in goods", "57265285708984140094c25d": " Black Death are not unique (and arguably in some accounts may differ from bubonic plague); that transference via fleas in goods", "57265285708984140094c25e": " Black Death are not unique (and arguably in some accounts may differ from bubonic plague); that transference via fleas in goods", "57265285708984140094c25f": " Black Death are not unique (and arguably in some accounts may differ from bubonic plague); that transference via fleas in goods", "5726534d708984140094c26d": " Public Health England announced the results of an examination of 25 bodies exhum", "5726534d708984140094c26e": " Public Health England announced the results of an examination of 25 bodies exhum", "5726534d708984140094c26f": " Public Health England announced the results of an examination of 25 bodies exhumed from the Clerkenwell area of London, as well", "5726534d708984140094c270": "emic", "5726534d708984140094c271": " Public Health England announced the results of an examination of 25 bodies exhumed from the Clerkenwell area of London, as well", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc28": " 1350, there were about 170,000 settlements in Germany, and this was reduced by nearly 40,", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc29": " 170,000 settlements in Germany, and this was reduced by nearly 40,", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2a": " 170,000 settlements in Germany, and this was reduced by nearly 40,", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2b": " 1350, there were about 170,000 settlements in Germany, and this was reduced by nearly 40,", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2c": " 170,000 settlements in Germany, and this was reduced by nearly 40,", "572654e2708984140094c2b7": " the Mediterranean throughout the 14th to 17", "572654e2708984140094c2b8": " the Mediterranean throughout the 14th to 17", "572654e2708984140094c2b9": "The plague repeatedly returned to haunt Europe and the Mediterranean", "5726559edd62a815002e81c8": " 7 million to as low as 4 million in 1300, and a postinc", "5726559edd62a815002e81c9": " 7 million to as low as 4 million in 1300, and a postinc", "5726559edd62a815002e81ca": " 1300, and a postinc", "5726559edd62a815002e81cb": " 7 million to as low as 4 million in 1300, and a postinc", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc68": " 40,000 people died of the plague in Paris. During the 16th and 17", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc69": " 1466, perhaps 40,000 people died of the plague in Paris. During the 16th and 17", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6b": " 40,000 people died of the plague in Paris. During the 16th and 17", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6c": " 40,000 people died of the plague in Paris. During the 16th and 17", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6a": " 40,000 people died of the plague in Paris. During the 16th and 17", "57265700dd62a815002e820e": " the plague killed about", "57265700dd62a815002e820f": " the plague killed about half of Naples' 300,", "57265700dd62a815002e8210": " the plague killed about", "57265700dd62a815002e8211": "1700\u201321, Sweden v. Russia and allies) killed about 100,", "57265700dd62a815002e8212": " the plague killed about", "5726577f708984140094c301": " Black Death ravaged much of the Islamic world. Plague", "5726577f708984140094c302": "The Black Death", "5726577f708984140094c303": " Black Death", "5726577f708984140094c304": " Black Death", "572657d9dd62a815002e8230": "eous", "572657d9dd62a815002e8231": " heat and pressure", "572657d9dd62a815002e8232": "eous", "572657d9dd62a815002e8233": "eous", "572657d9dd62a815002e8234": "eous", "57265d08708984140094c397": " intimate coupling between the movement of the plates on the surface and the convection of the mantle: oceanic plate motions and mantle convection currents", "57265d08708984140094c398": " intimate coupling between the movement of the plates on the surface and the convection of the mantle: oceanic plate motions and mantle convection currents", "57265d08708984140094c399": " intimate coupling between the movement of the plates on the surface and the convection of the mantle: oceanic plate motions and mantle convection currents", "57265d08708984140094c39a": " intimate coupling between the movement of the plates on the surface and the convection of the mantle: oceanic plate motions and mantle convection currents", "57265d08708984140094c39b": " the most important of which was seafloor spreading, showed that the Earth's lithosphere, which includes the crust and rigid", "57265f605951b619008f70db": " the San Andreas fault system, resulted in widespread powerful earthquakes. Plate tectonics", "57265f605951b619008f70dc": " the San Andreas fault system, resulted in widespread powerful earthquakes. Plate tectonics", "57265f605951b619008f70dd": " San Andreas fault system, resulted in widespread powerful earthquakes. Plate tectonics", "57265f605951b619008f70de": " the continents move across the surface of the Earth over geologic time. They also provided a driving force for crustal deformation", "57265f605951b619008f70df": "ocean ridges, high regions on the seafl", "57266193dd62a815002e832a": " layered model of the Earth, with a crust and lithosphere", "57266193dd62a815002e832b": " dense solid inner core. These advances led to the development of a layered model of the Earth, with a crust and lithosphere", "57266193dd62a815002e832d": " dense solid inner core. These advances led to the development of a layered model of the Earth, with a crust and lithosphere", "57266193dd62a815002e832e": " layered model of the Earth, with a crust and lithosphere", "57266193dd62a815002e832c": " layered model of the Earth, with a crust and lithosphere", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf2": " expanded scale", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf4": " expanded scale", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf5": " expanded scale", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf6": " Q stands for the Quaternary", "572665ff708984140094c4c3": "The principle of cross-cutting relationships pertains to the formation of faults and the age of the sequences through", "572665ff708984140094c4c4": "The principle of cross-cutting relationships pertains to the formation of faults", "572665ff708984140094c4c5": " the sequences through which they cut.", "572665ff708984140094c4c6": "The principle of cross-cutting relationships pertains to the formation of faults and the age of the sequences through which they cut.", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de90": " igneous rocks occurs when xenoliths are found. These foreign bodies are picked up as magma or lava flows", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de91": " igneous rocks occurs when xenoliths are found. These foreign bodies are picked up as magma or lava flows", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de92": " igneous rocks occurs when xenoliths are found. These foreign bodies are picked up as magma or lava flows", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de93": " igneous", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de94": " igneous rocks occurs when xenoliths are found. These foreign bodies are picked up as magma or lava flows", "572669a9dd62a815002e8416": " relative age of the formations in which they are found. Based on principles laid out by William Smith", "572669a9dd62a815002e8417": " relative age of the formations in which they are found. Based on principles laid out by William Smith", "572669a9dd62a815002e8418": " relative age of the formations in which they are found. Based on principles laid out by William Smith", "572669a9dd62a815002e8419": " relative age of the formations", "572669a9dd62a815002e841a": " relative age of the formations in which they are found. Based on principles laid out by William Smith", "57266c015951b619008f7237": "opic dates", "57266c015951b619008f7238": "opic dates", "57266c015951b619008f7239": " datable material, converting the old relative ages into new absolute ages", "57266c015951b619008f723a": " dates", "57266c015951b619008f723b": "opic dates", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8c": " Thermochemical techniques can be used to determine temperature profiles within the crust, the uplift of mountain ranges, and paleotopography", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8d": " Thermochemical techniques", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8e": "ometric isotopes stop diffusing into and out of the crystal lattice. These are used in geochronologic and thermochron", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8f": " Thermochemical techniques", "5726701add62a815002e84c8": " muds, do not significantly change in volume", "5726701add62a815002e84c9": " muds, do not significantly change in volume", "5726701add62a815002e84ca": " muds, do not significantly change in volume", "5726701add62a815002e84cb": " muds, do not significantly change in volume", "5726701add62a815002e84cc": " muds, do not significantly change in volume", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe4": "ension causes the rock units as a whole to become longer and thinner. This is primarily accomplished through normal faulting and through the ductile", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe5": "ension causes the rock units as a whole to become longer and thinner. This is primarily accomplished through normal faulting", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe6": "Extension causes the rock units as a whole to become longer and thinner. This is primarily accomplished through normal faulting", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe7": "ension causes the rock units as a whole to become longer and thinner. This is primarily accomplished through normal faulting", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe8": "Extension causes the rock units as a whole to become longer and thinner. This is primarily accomplished through normal faulting", "572673f5708984140094c69b": "eous activity", "572673f5708984140094c69c": "ational events are often also associated with volcanism and igneous activity", "572673f5708984140094c69d": " igneous activity", "572673f5708984140094c69e": " igneous activity", "572673f5708984140094c69f": "The addition of new rock units, both depositionally and intrusively, often occurs during deformation. Faulting and other deformational", "57267640f1498d1400e8e074": " The Hawaiian Islands, for example, consist almost entirely of layered basaltic lava flows.", "57267640f1498d1400e8e075": " Hawaiian Islands, for example, consist almost entirely of layered basaltic lava flows.", "57267640f1498d1400e8e076": " Hawaiian Islands, for example, consist almost entirely of layered basaltic lava flows.", "57267640f1498d1400e8e077": " Hawaiian Islands, for example, consist almost entirely of layered basaltic lava flows.", "57267640f1498d1400e8e078": " Hawaiian Islands, for example, consist almost entirely of layered basaltic lava flows.", "572677e7708984140094c723": " deformation).", "572677e7708984140094c724": " structural geology (the study of positions of rock units and their deformation).", "572677e7708984140094c725": " deformation).", "572677e7708984140094c726": " numerical modeling methods to decipher Earth history and understand the processes that occur on and inside the Earth.", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ec": " exact chemical compositions and variation in composition within individual crystals. Stable and radioactive", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ed": " exact chemical compositions and variation in composition within individual crystals. Stable and radioactive", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ee": " the geochemical evolution of rock units", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ef": " exact chemical compositions and variation in composition within individual crystals. Stable and radioactive", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0f0": " exact chemical compositions and variation in composition within individual crystals. Stable and radioactive", "57267b3c5951b619008f7423": " fluid inclusion data and perform high temperature and pressure", "57267b3c5951b619008f7424": " fluid inclusion data and perform high temperature and pressure", "57267b3c5951b619008f7425": " igneous and metamorphic processes. This research can be extrapolated to the field to understand metamorphic processes", "57267d52708984140094c7d9": "ural geologists", "57267d52708984140094c7da": " deformation in the area. In addition, they perform analog and numerical experiments of rock deformation", "57267d52708984140094c7db": " deformation in the area. In addition, they perform analog and numerical experiments of rock deformation", "57267d52708984140094c7dc": " analog and numerical experiments of rock deformation", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872c": " orogenic wedges, which are zones in which mountains are built along convergent t", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872d": " orogenic wedges, which are zones in which mountains are built along convergent tectonic", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872e": " wedges, which are zones in which mountains are built along convergent tectonic", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872f": " orogenic wedge", "57267ebfdd62a815002e8730": "ical models work in the same way as these analog models, though they are often more sophisticated and can include patterns of erosion and uplift", "57268066708984140094c821": "ophysical surveys", "57268066708984140094c822": "ophysical data and well logs", "57268066708984140094c823": "ophysical data and well logs", "57268066708984140094c824": "ophysical surveys that show the locations of stratigraphic units in the subsurface. Geophysical data and well logs", "57268066708984140094c825": "ophysical surveys", "57268220f1498d1400e8e218": " Magnetic", "57268220f1498d1400e8e216": " Magnetic stratigraphers", "57268220f1498d1400e8e219": " Magnetic stratigraphers look for signs of magnetic reversals in igneous rock units", "57268220f1498d1400e8e217": " Magnetic stratigraphers", "572683f95951b619008f7525": " Indian subcontinent was once a sea. Drawing from Greek and Indian scientific literature that were not destroyed by the Muslim conquests", "572683f95951b619008f7526": "Avicenna, 981\u20131037) proposed detailed explanations for the formation of mountains, the origin of earthquakes, and other topics", "572683f95951b619008f7527": " the origin of the science of geology can be traced to Persia after the Muslim conquests had come to an end.", "572683f95951b619008f7528": "Avicenna, 981\u20131037) proposed detailed explanations for the formation of mountains, the origin of earthquakes, and other topics", "572683f95951b619008f7529": " the origin of the science of geology can be traced to Persia after the Muslim conquests had come to an end.", "57268527708984140094c8bf": " sediments to form new rocks at the bottom of the sea, which in turn were raised up to become dry land. H", "57268527708984140094c8c0": "James H", "57268527708984140094c8c1": "95", "57268527708984140094c8c2": " sediments to form new rocks at the bottom of the sea, which in turn were raised up to become dry land. H", "572686ac5951b619008f75a9": " 1809 by William Maclure. In 1807, Macl", "572686ac5951b619008f75aa": " 1809", "572686ac5951b619008f75ab": " 1809 by William Maclure. In 1807, Macl", "572686ac5951b619008f75ad": " 1809", "572686ac5951b619008f75ac": " 1809 by William Maclure. In 1807, Macl", "57268882f1498d1400e8e306": " 1830. This book, which influenced the thought of Charles Darwin, successfully promoted the doctrine of uniformitarianism. This theory states that slow geological", "57268882f1498d1400e8e307": " uniformitarianism. This theory states that slow geological processes have occurred throughout the Earth's history and are still occurring today. In contrast, catastrophism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e308": " uniformitarianism. This theory states that slow geological processes have occurred throughout the Earth's history and are still occurring today. In contrast, catastrophism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e309": " uniformitarianism. This theory states that slow geological processes have occurred throughout the Earth's history and are still occurring today. In contrast, catastrophism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e30a": "Sir Charles Lyell", "5726642f5951b619008f7157": " Core", "5726642f5951b619008f7158": " Core", "5726642f5951b619008f7159": " English Core Cities Group", "5726642f5951b619008f715a": " 1400, when it became a county itself, a status it retained until becoming part of Tyne and Wear", "5726642f5951b619008f715b": " The regional nickname and dialect for people from Newcastle and the surrounding area is Geordie", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de30": " 1080", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de31": " Newcastle", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de32": " Newcastle", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de33": " Newcastle", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de34": "The city developed around the Roman settlement Pons Aelius", "5726660d5951b619008f71b1": "The first recorded settlement in what is now Newcastle was Pons Aelius", "5726660d5951b619008f71b2": "The first recorded settlement in what is now Newcastle was Pons Aelius", "5726660d5951b619008f71b3": " rare honour suggests that Hadrian may have visited the site and instituted the bridge on his tour of Britain. The population of Pons Ael", "5726660d5951b619008f71b4": " The course of the \"Roman Wall\" can be traced eastwards to the Segedunum Roman fort in Wallsend", "5726660d5951b619008f71b5": "The first recorded settlement in what is now Newcastle was Pons Aelius", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b4": " Newcastle", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b5": " Newcastle was England's northern fortress. Incorporated first by Henry II, the city had a new charter granted by Elizabeth in 1589", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b6": " The Scots king William the Lion was imprisoned in Newcastle", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b7": " Newcastle", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b8": " The Scots king William the Lion was imprisoned in Newcastle", "57266783f1498d1400e8de86": " Tyneside to Newcastle", "57266783f1498d1400e8de87": " Quayside, giving a monopoly in the coal trade to a cartel of Newcastle burgesses known as the Hostmen", "57266783f1498d1400e8de88": "30 a royal act restricted all shipments of coal from Tyneside to Newcastle", "57266783f1498d1400e8de89": " The phrase itself means a pointless pursuit. In the 18th century American Timothy Dexter", "57266783f1498d1400e8de8a": " Newcastle burgesses", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def6": " 7,000 out of 20,000 inhabitants of Newcastle died of plague", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def7": " so called because they worked on the keels, boats that were used to transfer coal from the river banks to the waiting colliers", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def8": " 7,000 out of 20,000 inhabitants of Newcastle died of plague", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def9": " 7,000 out of 20,000 inhabitants of Newcastle died of plague", "57266a15f1498d1400e8defa": " 7,000 out of 20,000 inhabitants of Newcastle died of plague", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8434": " the North declared for the King. In a bid to gain Newcastle and the Tyne", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8435": " the North declared for the King. In a bid to gain Newcastle and the Tyne", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8436": " \"Fortiter Defendit Triumphans\" (\"Triumphing by a brave defence\") upon the town. Charles I was imprisoned in Newcastle", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8437": " the North declared for the King. In a bid to gain Newcastle and the Tyne", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8438": "7", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df53": " Newcastle", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df54": " Newcastle", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df55": " Newcastle was one of the first cities in the world to be lit up by electric lighting. Innovations in Newcastle", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df52": " 1817 the Maling company", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df56": " Newcastle was one of the first cities in the world to be lit up by electric lighting. Innovations in Newcastle", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df78": " Newcastle still retains a medieval street layout. Narrow alleys or 'chares', most of which can only be travers", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df79": " Newcastle still retains a medieval street layout. Narrow alleys or 'chares', most of which can only be travers", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7a": " Newcastle still retains a medieval street layout. Narrow alleys or 'chares', most of which can only be travers", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7b": " Castle Keep, originally recorded in the 14th century, remain intact in places. Close, Sandhill and Quays", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7c": " Newcastle still retains a medieval street layout", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a0": " neoclassical centre referred to as Tyneside Classical", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a1": " Tyneside Classical", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a2": " Newcastle as England's best-looking city and the late German-born British scholar of architecture, Nikolaus Pevs", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a3": " neoclassical centre referred to as Tyneside Classical", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a4": " neoclassical centre referred to as Tyneside Classical", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa4": " the Town Moor", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa5": " green space in Newcastle", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa7": " Newcastle", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa8": " green space in Newcastle", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa6": " Newcastle is the Town Moor, lying immediately north of the city centre", "57267076708984140094c601": " Newcastle and Gateshead have linked together under the banner \"NewcastleGateshead\", to spear", "57267076708984140094c602": " Newcastle and Gateshead have linked together under the banner \"NewcastleGateshead\", to spear", "57267076708984140094c603": " Newcastle and Gateshead have linked together under the banner \"NewcastleGateshead\", to spear", "57267076708984140094c604": " temporary Bambuco Bridge", "57267076708984140094c605": " temporary Bambuco Bridge", "572671165951b619008f72b7": " the Grainger Town", "572671165951b619008f72b8": " Newcastle is the Grainger Town area. Established on classical streets built by Richard Grainger", "572671165951b619008f72b9": " four stories high, with vertical dormers, domes, turrets and spikes. Richard Gra", "572671165951b619008f72ba": " four stories high, with vertical dormers, domes, turrets and spikes. Richard Gra", "572671e55951b619008f72d7": " Laing Art Gallery has a painting of this event. With the exception of the timber", "572671e55951b619008f72d8": " Laing Art Gallery has a painting of this event. With the exception of the timber roof which was destroyed by a fire", "572671e55951b619008f72d9": " Laing Art Gallery has a painting of this event. With the exception of the timber roof which was destroyed by a fire", "572671e55951b619008f72da": " latticed-steel arches", "572671e55951b619008f72db": " English Heritage", "57267383dd62a815002e8552": " Pennines", "57267383dd62a815002e8553": " Drift). Being in the rain shadow of the North Pennines", "57267383dd62a815002e8554": " the Gulf Stream (via the North Atlantic Drift). Being in the rain shadow of the North Pennines", "57267383dd62a815002e8555": " the warming influence of the Gulf Stream (via the North Atlantic Drift). Being in the rain shadow of the North Pennines", "57267383dd62a815002e8556": " warming influence of the Gulf Stream (via the North Atlantic Drift). Being in the rain shadow of the North Pennines", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03a": " Emerson Bainbridge (1817\u20131892), a pioneer and the founder of Bainbrid", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03b": " Newcastle was positioned ninth in the retail centre expenditure league of the UK. There are several major shopping areas in Newcastle", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03c": " Emerson Bainbridge (1817\u20131892), a pioneer and the founder of Bainbrid", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03d": " the undercover Green Market, near Grainger Street was demolished in 2007 so that the area could be redevelop", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03e": " The wing of the centre, including the undercover Green Market, near Grainger Street was demolished in 2007 so that the area could be redevelop", "5726769c708984140094c711": " Kingston Park on the edge", "5726769c708984140094c712": " Kingston Park on the edge", "5726769c708984140094c713": " Tesco store in the United Kingdom is located in Kingston Park on the edge of Newcastle", "5726769c708984140094c714": " Kingston Park on the edge", "5726769c708984140094c715": " Kingston Park on the edge", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ac": "useburn valley", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ad": "useburn valley", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ae": "useburn valley", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0af": "useburn valley has recreated them; Architects Cany Ash and Robert Sak", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0b0": "useburn valley", "572678c0dd62a815002e863e": " 7.8%), in this instance this was coupled with a similar rise in flats and waterside apartments", "572678c0dd62a815002e863f": " flats and waterside apartments", "572678c0dd62a815002e8640": " flats and waterside apartments", "572678c0dd62a815002e8641": " flats and waterside apartments", "572678c0dd62a815002e8642": " detached homes rise in the 2010 Census (to 7.8%), in this instance this was coupled with a similar rise in flats and waterside apartments", "572679c35951b619008f73db": " 259,000", "572679c35951b619008f73dc": "3", "572679c35951b619008f73dd": " 189,863", "572679c35951b619008f73de": " 189,863", "572679c35951b619008f73df": " 189,863", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e122": " 37.8", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e123": " Scottish or Irish ancestors. There is a strong presence of Border Reiver", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e124": " Scottish or Irish ancestors.", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e125": " 37.8", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e126": " Scottish or Irish ancestors. There is a strong presence of Border Reiver", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a6": " pronunci", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a7": "The dialect of Newcastle is known as Geordie, and contains a large amount of vocabulary and distinctive word pronunci", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a8": " Newcastle is known as Geordie, and contains a large amount of vocabulary and distinctive word pronunci", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a9": " Newcastle is known as Geordie, and contains a large amount of vocabulary and distinctive word pronunci", "57267b65dd62a815002e86aa": " Newcastle is known as Geordie, and contains a large amount of vocabulary and distinctive word pronunci", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d6": " Newcastle", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d7": " Newcastle", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d8": " Newcastle", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d9": " Scots", "57267c63dd62a815002e86da": " Scots", "57267ce7708984140094c7c9": " Newcastle was named as the noisiest city in the whole of the UK, with an average level of 80.4", "57267ce7708984140094c7ca": " decibels", "57267ce7708984140094c7cb": " The report was criticized, however, for attaching too much weight to readings at arbitrarily selected locations, which in Newcastle's case included a motorway", "57267ce7708984140094c7cc": " decibels", "57267ce7708984140094c7cd": " decibels", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e194": " Newcastle", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e195": " the city centre", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e196": " Newcastle", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e197": " Newcastle's gay scene - 'The Pink Triangle'", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e198": " Newcastle's gay scene - 'The Pink Triangle'", "57267f695951b619008f74bd": " Newcastle. Stephen Kem", "57267f695951b619008f74be": " Newcastle", "57267f695951b619008f74bf": " Newcastle. Stephen Kem", "57267f695951b619008f74c0": " Newcastle. Stephen Kem", "57267f695951b619008f74c1": " Newcastle. Stephen Kem", "5726800add62a815002e8750": " Northern Stage company", "5726800add62a815002e8751": " NewcastleGates", "5726800add62a815002e8752": " Northern Stage company", "5726800add62a815002e8753": " Northern Stage company", "5726800add62a815002e8754": " NewcastleGateshead was voted in 2006 as the arts capital of the UK in a survey conducted by the Artsworld TV channel", "572680865951b619008f74e7": " Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle upon Tyne", "572680865951b619008f74e8": " Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle", "572680865951b619008f74e9": " Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle", "572680865951b619008f74ea": " Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle", "572680865951b619008f74eb": " Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fa": " Newcastle Beer Festival, organized by CAMRA, takes place in April", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fb": " Newcastle Beer Festival, organized by CAMRA", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fc": " CAMRA", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fd": " Newcastle Beer Festival, organized by CAMRA", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fe": " Newcastle Beer Festival, organized by CAMRA", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23c": " Newcastle Town", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23d": " Newcastle Town", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23e": " Newcastle Town Moor every June. The event has its origins in the Temperance Movement", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23f": " June", "57268341f1498d1400e8e240": " June. The Northern Pride Festival and Parade is held in Leazes Park and in the city's Gay Community in mid July", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24c": " NewcastleGateshead also holds an annual International Arts Fair", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24e": " NewcastleGateshead also holds an annual International Arts Fair. The 2009 event will be in the Norman Foster designed Sage Gateshead", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24f": " NewcastleGateshead also holds an annual International Arts Fair", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e250": " NewcastleGateshead also holds an annual International Arts Fair", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24d": " NewcastleGates", "5726847f708984140094c8ab": " Newcastle in 1979. Folk metal band Skyclad", "5726847f708984140094c8ac": " Tyneside", "5726847f708984140094c8ad": " Newcastle in 1979. Folk metal band Skyclad", "5726847f708984140094c8ae": " Newcastle in 1979. Folk metal band Skyclad", "5726847f708984140094c8af": " Tyneside connection. Their most famous song, \"Fog on the Tyne", "57268525dd62a815002e8806": " November 2006 and May 2008; during the refurbishment works, the cinema relocated to the Old Town", "57268525dd62a815002e8807": "The Pilgrim Street building was refurbished between November 2006 and May 2008; during the refurbishment works, the cinema relocated to the Old Town", "57268525dd62a815002e8808": "The Pilgrim Street building was refurbished between November 2006 and May 2008; during the refurbishment works, the cinema relocated to the Old Town", "57268525dd62a815002e8809": "The Pilgrim Street building was refurbished between November 2006 and May 2008; during the refurbishment works, the cinema relocated to the Old Town", "57268525dd62a815002e880a": " the cinema relocated to the Old Town", "57268692dd62a815002e8826": " Newcastle", "57268692dd62a815002e8827": " Newcastle", "57268692dd62a815002e8828": " Newcastle", "57268692dd62a815002e8829": " Newcastle", "57268692dd62a815002e882a": " Newcastle", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e2": " Newcastle", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e3": " Newcastle", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e4": " Newcastle and offers an opportunity to see what Newcastle looked like in the 1960s and early 1970", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e5": " Newcastle and offers an opportunity to see what Newcastle looked like in the 1960s and early 1970", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e6": " Newcastle and offers an opportunity to see what Newcastle looked like in the 1960s and early 1970", "572687e1dd62a815002e8852": " Newcastle Eagles basketball team who play their home games at the new Sport Central", "572687e1dd62a815002e8853": " horse racing course", "572687e1dd62a815002e8854": " Newcastle Eagles basketball team who play their home games at the new Sport Central", "572687e1dd62a815002e8855": " Newcastle Eagles basketball team who play their home games at the new Sport Central", "572687e1dd62a815002e8856": " The city is also home to the Newcastle Eagles basketball team who play their home games at the new Sport Central", "57268885dd62a815002e886a": " larger of the two main airports serving the North East. It is connected to the city via the Metro Light Rail", "57268885dd62a815002e886b": " Metro Light Rail", "57268885dd62a815002e886c": " the city near Ponteland and is the larger of the two main airports serving the North East. It is connected to the city via the Metro Light Rail", "57268885dd62a815002e886d": " 6 miles", "57268885dd62a815002e886e": " 6 miles", "572689385951b619008f761b": " fa\u00e7", "572689385951b619008f761c": " fa\u00e7", "572689385951b619008f761d": " Queen Victoria", "572689385951b619008f761e": " fa\u00e7", "572689385951b619008f761f": " The first services were operated by the North Eastern Railway", "572689b6dd62a815002e8890": " Virgin Trains", "572689b6dd62a815002e8891": " Virgin Trains", "572689b6dd62a815002e8892": " Virgin Trains", "572689b6dd62a815002e8893": " Virgin Trains", "572689b6dd62a815002e8894": " Virgin Trains", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88ce": " DB Regio", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88cf": " DB Regio", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d0": " DB Regio", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d1": " DB Regio", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d2": " DB Regio", "57268bb25951b619008f7645": " trams as opposed to the current light rail trains", "57268bb25951b619008f7646": " trams as opposed to the current light rail trains", "57268bb25951b619008f7647": " trams as opposed to the current light rail trains", "57268bb25951b619008f7648": " trams as opposed to the current light rail trains", "57268bb25951b619008f7649": " trams as opposed to the current light rail trains", "57268d1b708984140094c9cd": " the A1 (Gateshead Newcastle Western Bypass), stretching north to Edinburgh and south to London", "57268d1b708984140094c9ce": " recent\u2014upon completion of the Western Bypass, and its designation as the new line of the A1, the roads", "57268d1b708984140094c9cf": " recent", "57268d1b708984140094c9d0": " recent\u2014upon completion of the Western By", "57268d1b708984140094c9d1": " recent", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e6": " Newcastle upon Tyne and the surrounding boroughs part of the Tyne and Wear area are coordinated by Nexus", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e7": " Newcastle upon Tyne and the surrounding boroughs part of the Tyne and Wear area are coordinated by Nexus", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e8": " Newcastle upon Tyne and the surrounding boroughs part of the Tyne and Wear area are coordinated by Nexus", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e9": " Nexus", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3ea": " Newcastle", "57269120708984140094ca59": " 1998", "57269120708984140094ca5a": " social aims and objectives for cycling include: highlighting the usage of cycling to cut city congestion; educating that cycling promotes healthy living\u2026 The authority also has infrastructure", "57269120708984140094ca5b": " social aims and objectives for cycling include: highlighting the usage of cycling to cut city congestion; educating that cycling promotes healthy living\u2026 The authority also has infrastructure", "57269120708984140094ca5c": " social aims and objectives for cycling include: highlighting the usage of cycling to cut city congestion; educating that cycling promotes healthy living\u2026 The authority also has infrastructure", "57269120708984140094ca5d": " social aims and objectives for cycling include: highlighting the usage of cycling to cut city congestion; educating that cycling promotes healthy living\u2026 The authority also has infrastructure", "5726934f5951b619008f771d": " Danish DFDS Seaways run a service to IJmuiden", "5726934f5951b619008f771e": " Newcastle International Ferry Terminal, at North Shields, Danish DFDS Seaways run a service to IJmuiden", "5726934f5951b619008f771f": " fuel prices and new competition from low-cost air services", "5726934f5951b619008f7720": " Newcastle International Ferry Terminal, at North Shields, Danish DFDS Seaways", "5726934f5951b619008f7721": " Thomson cruise lines have included Newcastle as a departure port", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4e": " Newcastle", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4f": " Newcastle area. St Cuthbert's High School and Sacred", "57269526dd62a815002e8a50": " Newcastle", "57269526dd62a815002e8a51": " Newcastle area. St Cuthbert's High School and Sacred", "57269526dd62a815002e8a52": " Newcastle area. St C", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6c": " Newcastle University and Northumbria University. Newcastle University has its origins in the School of Medicine and Surgery, established in 1834 and became independent from Durham", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6d": " Newcastle University and Northumbria University. Newcastle University has its origins in the School of Medicine and Surgery, established in 1834 and became independent from Durham", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6e": " Durham University on 1 August 1963 to form the University of Newcastle upon Tyne", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6f": " Newcastle University and Northumbria University. Newcastle University has its origins in the School of Medicine and Surgery, established in 1834 and became independent from Durham", "57269698dd62a815002e8a70": " Newcastle University and Northumbria University. Newcastle University has its origins in the School of Medicine and Surgery, established in 1834 and became independent from Durham", "572699b55951b619008f778f": " 1474, the Roman Catholic St. Mary's designed by Augustus Welby Pugin and the Coptic Cathedral located in Fenham. All three cat", "572699b55951b619008f7790": " 1474, the Roman Catholic St. Mary's designed by Augustus Welby Pugin and the Coptic Cathedral located in Fenham. All three cat", "572699b55951b619008f7791": " 1474, the Roman Catholic St. Mary's designed by Augustus Welby Pugin and the Coptic Cathedral located in Fenham. All three cat", "572699b55951b619008f7792": " 1474, the Roman Catholic St. Mary's designed by Augustus Welby Pugin and the Coptic Cathedral located in Fenham. All three cat", "572699b55951b619008f7793": " parish churches", "57269b165951b619008f77b3": " older church would have been one of several churches along the River Tyne", "57269b165951b619008f77b4": "The Parish Church of St Andrew", "57269b165951b619008f77b5": " an earlier church here dating from Saxon times. This older church would have been one of several churches along the River Tyne", "57269b165951b619008f77b6": " This older church would have been one of several churches along the River Tyne", "57269b165951b619008f77b7": " The church tower received a battering during the Siege of Newcastle", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ca": " City Road for over 40 years after its launch in January 1959. In 2005 it moved to a new facility on The Watermark", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cb": " City Road for over 40 years after its launch in January 1959. In 2005 it moved to a new facility on The Watermark", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cc": " Tees", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cd": " City Road for over 40 years after its launch in January 1959. In 2005 it moved to a new facility on The Watermark", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ce": " Corporation broadcasts the Look North television regional news programme and local radio station BBC Radio Newcastle", "57269d745951b619008f77d7": " Newcastle Student Radio is run by students", "57269d745951b619008f77d8": " June 2007", "57269d745951b619008f77d9": " Newcastle Student Radio is run by students from both of the city's universities, broadcasting from Newcastle University's student's union building during term time. Radio T", "57269d745951b619008f77da": " Hospedia and online. The city also has a Radio Lollipop station based at the Great North Children's Hospital", "57269d745951b619008f77db": " Newcastle Student Radio is run by students from both of the city's universities, broadcasting from Newcastle University's student's union building", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e520": " Newcastle", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e521": "Charles Avison", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e522": "Charles Avison", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e523": " Newcastle upon", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e524": " Newcastle", "57269fab5951b619008f7807": " Newcastle", "57269fab5951b619008f7808": " Newcastle", "57269fab5951b619008f7809": " circumnavigator David Scott Cowper, Nobel Prize winning physicist Peter H", "57269fab5951b619008f780a": " Newcastle", "57269fab5951b619008f780b": " Newcastle", "5726710b708984140094c61d": " The museum is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport", "5726710b708984140094c61e": " The museum is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport", "5726710b708984140094c61f": " The museum is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport", "5726710b708984140094c620": " The museum is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport", "572680ac708984140094c83d": " The museum is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport", "572680ac708984140094c83e": " The museum is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport", "572680ac708984140094c83f": " The museum is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport", "572680ac708984140094c840": " The museum is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport", "572680ac708984140094c841": " the world's largest museum of decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over", "57268294708984140094c877": " 12.5 acres", "57268294708984140094c878": "The V&", "57268294708984140094c879": " 12.5 acres", "57268294708984140094c87a": " 12", "57268294708984140094c87b": "The V&", "572685cd5951b619008f7573": "The V&A has its origins in", "572685cd5951b619008f7574": "The V&", "572685cd5951b619008f7575": " 1851, with which Henry Cole", "572685cd5951b619008f7576": "The V&", "572685cd5951b619008f7577": " Cole", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e378": " Queen Victoria was on 22 June 1857", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e379": " Queen Victoria was on 22 June 1857", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37a": " scientific collections had been moved from the main museum site to various improvised galleries to the west of Exhibition Road", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37b": " scientific collections had been moved from the main museum site to various improvised galleries to the west of Exhibition Road", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37c": " 1857", "57268f2c708984140094ca25": " September and November 1946", "57268f2c708984140094ca26": " September and November 1946, attracting nearly a million and a half visitors. This was organised by the Council of Industrial Design", "57268f2c708984140094ca27": " September and November 1946", "57268f2c708984140094ca28": " September and November 1946", "57268f2c708984140094ca29": " September and November 1946, attracting nearly a million and a half visitors. This was organised by the Council of Industrial Design", "572691d7708984140094ca6d": " directorship of Roy Strong", "572691d7708984140094ca6e": " Roy Strong", "572691d7708984140094ca6f": " Strong", "572691d7708984140094ca70": " Roy Strong", "57269656708984140094cafd": " the University of Dundee", "57269656708984140094cafe": " Scottish Government with a view to opening a new \u00a343 million gallery in Dundee", "57269656708984140094caff": " Scottish Government with a view to opening a new \u00a343 million gallery in Dundee", "57269656708984140094cb00": " Dundee City Council and the Scottish Government with a view to opening a new \u00a343 million gallery in Dundee", "57269656708984140094cb01": " Dundee", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a98": " the museum moved to the present site. This area of London was known as Brompton but had been renamed South Kensington", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a99": " 1857 that the museum moved to the present site. This area of London was known as Brompton but had been renamed South Kensington", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9a": " June", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9b": " June 1862", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9c": " 1857 that the museum moved to the present site. This area of London was known as Brompton but had been renamed South Kensington", "57269c06708984140094cba1": " fa\u00e7ade was intended as the main entrance to the museum with its bronze doors designed by James Gamble & Reuben Townroe", "57269c06708984140094cba2": " fa\u00e7ade was intended as the main entrance to the museum with its bronze doors designed by James Gamble & Reuben Townroe", "57269c06708984140094cba3": " fa\u00e7ade was intended as the main entrance to the museum with its bronze doors designed by James Gamble & Reuben Townroe", "57269c06708984140094cba4": " fa\u00e7ade was intended as the main entrance to the museum with its bronze doors designed by James Gamble & Reuben Townroe", "57269c06708984140094cba5": " fa\u00e7ade was intended as the main entrance to the museum with its bronze doors designed by James Gamble & Reuben Townroe", "57269d68708984140094cbd7": " 1866\u201368 was the work of Philip Webb and William Morris", "57269d68708984140094cbd8": " 1866\u201368 was the work of Philip Webb and William Morris", "57269d68708984140094cbd9": " Green Dining Room 1866\u201368 was the work of Philip Webb and William Morris", "57269d68708984140094cbda": " Green Dining Room 1866\u201368 was the work of Philip Webb and William Morris", "57269d68708984140094cbdb": " 1866\u201368 was the work of Philip Webb and William Morris", "5726a0205951b619008f781b": " Royal Engineers", "5726a0205951b619008f781c": " Captain Francis Fowke, Royal Engineers the next architect to work at the museum was Colonel (later Major General) Henry Young", "5726a0205951b619008f781d": " Captain Francis Fowke", "5726a0205951b619008f781e": " Captain Francis Fowke, Royal Engineers the next architect to work at the museum was Colonel (later Major General) Henry Young", "5726a0205951b619008f781f": " Captain Francis Fowke, Royal Engineers", "5726a2445951b619008f7861": " Godfrey Sykes, although sgraffito was used to decorate the east side of the building designed by F. W. Moody", "5726a2445951b619008f7862": " Godfrey Sykes, although sgraffito was used to decorate the east side of the building designed by F. W. Moody", "5726a2445951b619008f7863": " fa\u00e7", "5726a2445951b619008f7864": " fa\u00e7", "5726a2445951b619008f7865": " Trajan's Column (in two separate pieces). The final part of the museum designed by Scott was the Art Library and what is now the sculpture gallery", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5fe": " Aston Webb", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5ff": " Portland stone, stretches 720 feet (220 m) along Cromwell Gardens and was designed by Aston Webb", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e600": " 720 feet (220 m) along Cromwell Gardens and was designed by Aston Webb", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e601": " fa\u00e7ade, built from red brick and Portland stone, stretches 720 feet (220 m) along Cromwell Gardens and was designed by Aston Webb", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e602": " fa\u00e7ade, built from red brick and Portland stone, stretches 720 feet (220 m) along Cromwell Gardens and was designed by Aston Webb", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4b": " the main arch above the twin entrances, Queen Victoria above the frame around the arches and entrance, sculpted by Alfred Drury", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4c": "Prince Albert appears within the main arch above the twin entrances, Queen Victoria above the frame around the arches and entrance, sculpted by Alfred Drury", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4d": "Prince Albert appears within the main arch above the twin entrances, Queen Victoria above the frame around the arches and entrance, sculpted by Alfred Drury", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4e": "Prince Albert appears within the main arch above the twin entrances, Queen Victoria above the frame around the arches and entrance, sculpted by Alfred Drury", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4f": "Prince Albert appears within the main arch above the twin entrances, Queen Victoria above the frame around the arches and entrance, sculpted by Alfred Drury", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9e": " The 1950s and early 1960", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9f": " Spiral", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca0": " Spiral", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca1": " essential repairs. The 1950s and early 1960", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca2": " Spiral", "5726afeb708984140094cdd7": " Second World", "5726afeb708984140094cdd8": " Second World", "5726afeb708984140094cdd9": " Second World", "5726afeb708984140094cdda": " Second World", "5726afeb708984140094cddb": " Second World", "5726b12f5951b619008f7aaf": " Kim Wilkie", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab0": " Kim Wilkie", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab1": " Kim Wilkie", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab2": " Kim Wilkie", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab3": " Kim Wilkie", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e4": " the V&", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e5": " the V&", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e7": " V&A. With over 600,000 drawings, over 750,", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e6": " V&A. With over 600,000 drawings, over 750,", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e8": " V&A. With over 600,000 drawings, over 750,", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b99": " 330", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9a": " RIBA's holdings of over 330", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9b": " 330 drawings by Andrea Pallad", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9c": "igo", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9d": " 330", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6a": " the collection includes parts of buildings, for example the two top stories of the facade of Sir Paul P", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6b": " period rooms", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6c": " period rooms", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6d": " the chate", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6e": " the collection includes parts of buildings, for example the two top stories of the facade of Sir Paul Pindar's house dated c", "5726bc505951b619008f7c79": " 19,000 items from the Islamic world, ranging from the early Islamic period (the 7th century) to the early 20th century.", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7a": " 2006, houses a representative display of 400 objects with the highlight being the Ardabil Carpet", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7b": " 400 objects with the highlight being the Ardabil Carpet", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7c": " 19,000 items from the Islamic world, ranging from the early Islamic period (the 7th century) to the early 20th century.", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7d": " The Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art, opened in 2006, houses a representative display of 400 objects with the highlight being the Ardabil", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c0": " 60,000 objects, including about", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c1": " 60,000 objects, including about", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c2": " 60,000 objects, including about", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c4": " 60,", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c3": " 60,000 objects, including about", "5726bf325951b619008f7cfd": " 70,000 works of art from the countries of East Asia: China, Japan and Korea.", "5726bf325951b619008f7cfe": " 70,000 works of art from the countries of East Asia: China, Japan and Korea.", "5726bf325951b619008f7cff": " 70,", "5726bf325951b619008f7d00": " 70,", "5726bf325951b619008f7d01": " 70,", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd8": " Toshiba gallery of Japanese art opened in December", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd9": " Toshiba gallery of Japanese art opened in December 1986", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fda": "The Toshiba gallery", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdb": "The Toshiba gallery", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdc": "The Toshiba gallery", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de7": " Nepalese bronze sculptures, repouss\u00e9 work and embroidery. Tibetan art from the 14th to the 19", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de8": " Nepalese bronze sculptures, repouss\u00e9 work and embroidery. Tibetan art from the 14th to the 19", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de9": " Nepalese bronze sculptures, repouss\u00e9 work and embroidery. Tibetan art from the 14th to the 19", "5726c80c5951b619008f7dea": " Nepalese bronze sculptures, repouss\u00e9 work and embroidery. Tibetan art from the 14th to the 19", "5726c80c5951b619008f7deb": " Nepalese bronze sculptures, repouss\u00e9 work and embroidery. Tibetan art from the 14th to the 19", "5726c9a4708984140094d16f": "One of the great treasures in the library is the Codex For", "5726c9a4708984140094d170": "One of the great treasures in the library is the Codex For", "5726c9a4708984140094d171": " 18,000 books to the museum in 1876 by John Forster", "5726c9a4708984140094d172": " 18,000 books to the museum in 1876 by John Forster", "5726c9a4708984140094d173": " 18,000 books to the museum in 1876 by John Forster", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9086": " Charles Dickens and Beatrix Potter", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9087": " Charles Dickens and Beatrix Potter. Illuminated manuscripts in the library dating from the 12th to 16", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9088": " Illuminated manuscripts in the library dating from the 12th to 16", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9089": " Charles Dickens and Beatrix Potter", "5726cc11dd62a815002e908a": " Charles Dickens and Beatrix Potter. Illuminated manuscripts in the library dating from the 12th to 16", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc4": " Encoded Archival Description (EAD).", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc5": " Encoded Archival Description (EAD).", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc6": " Encoded Archival Description (EAD).", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc8": " Encoded Archival Description (EAD).", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc7": " Encoded Archival Description (EAD).", "5726cfa3708984140094d209": " 2007", "5726cfa3708984140094d20a": " The second step of the Factory Project is to catalog everything. The third step of the Factory", "5726cfa3708984140094d20b": " The second step of the Factory Project is to catalog everything. The third step of the Factory", "5726cfa3708984140094d20c": " The second step of the Factory", "5726cfa3708984140094d20d": " The third step of the Factory", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f69": " porcelain, cloth and wallpaper. Designers and artists whose work is on display in the galleries include Gian Lorenzo", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6a": " the work of British artists and craftspeople is on display, but also work produced by European", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6b": " porcelain, cloth and wallpaper. Designers and artists whose work is on display in the galleries include Gian Lorenzo", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6c": " porcelain, cloth and wallpaper. Designers and artists whose work is on display in the galleries include Gian Lorenzo", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6d": " European artists that was purchased or commissioned by British patrons, as well as imports from Asia", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdb": " Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches had a major effect on art and design such as the Gothic Revival. There is a large display on the Great Exhibition", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecda": " Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches had a major effect on art and design such as the Gothic Revival. There is a large display on the Great Exhibition", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecde": " Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches had a major effect on art and design such as the Gothic Revival. There is a large display on the Great Exhibition", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdc": " Grand Tour also influenced taste. As the Industrial Revolution took hold, the growth of mass production produced entrepreneurs such as Josiah Wedg", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdd": "The galleries", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed16": " the sculpture wing, comprising two large, skylighted rooms two store", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed17": " the sculpture wing", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed18": " the sculpture wing, comprising two large, skylighted rooms two store", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed19": " the sculpture wing, comprising two large, skylighted rooms two store", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed1a": " the sculpture wing, comprising two large, skylighted rooms two store", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e4": " porcelain", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e5": " Meissen porcelain", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e6": " Meissen porcelain", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e7": " 1909", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e8": " 1909", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd8": " Mintons & Royal Doulton", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd9": " Mintons & Royal Doulton", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edda": " ceramic stoves from the 16th and 17", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddb": " Mintons & Royal Doulton", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddc": " Mintons & Royal Doulton", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ab": " 6000", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ac": " 6000 items from Africa, Britain, Europe, America and Asia.", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ad": " Venetian (attributed to Giuseppe Briati) dated c1750 are in the collection. The stained glass", "5726de7a5951b619008f80af": " crystal", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ae": " crystal", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee52": " Galleries. One of the most spectacular items in the collection is the chandelier by Dale Chihuly", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee53": "The main gallery was redesigned in 1994, the glass balustrade on the staircase and mezzan", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee54": " Galleries. One of the most spectacular items in the collection is the chandelier by Dale Chihuly", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee55": " Galleries. One of the most spectacular items in the collection is the chandelier by Dale Chihuly", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee56": " Galleries. One of the most spectacular items in the collection is the chandelier by Dale Chihuly", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c4": " 10,000", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c5": " 10,000", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c6": "The collection of drawings includes over", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c7": "The collection of drawings includes over", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c8": "The collection of drawings includes over", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed8": " the Word and Image department.", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed9": " Word and Image", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eeda": " the Word and Image department.", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedb": " the most comprehensive in Britain, containing over", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedc": "&A received the Talbot Hughes collection containing 1,442 costumes and items as a gift from Harrods", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9438": " Vivienne Westwood", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9439": " the Museum acquired the Costiff collection of 178 Vivienne Westwood", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943a": " Vivienne Westwood", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943b": " Costiff collection of 178 Vivienne Westwood", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943c": " modern fashion", "5726e680dd62a815002e946e": " French Renaissance objects was acquired between 1859 and 1865", "5726e680dd62a815002e946f": " French Renaissance objects was acquired between 1859 and 1865", "5726e680dd62a815002e9470": " Soulages collection of Italian and French Renaissance objects was acquired between 1859 and 1865", "5726e680dd62a815002e9471": " Soulages collection of Italian and French Renaissance objects was acquired between 1859 and 1865", "5726e680dd62a815002e9472": " Soulages collection of Italian and French Renaissance objects was acquired between 1859 and 1865", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a4": " 1580 from Antwerp City Hall, attributed to Hans Vredeman", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a5": " 1580 from Antwerp City Hall, attributed to Hans Vredeman", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a6": " 1580 from Antwerp City Hall, attributed to Hans Vredeman", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a7": " 1580 from Antwerp City Hall, attributed to Hans Vredeman", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a8": " Ernest Gimson, Edward William Godwin, Charles Voysey, Adolf Loos and Otto Wagner are among the late 19th-century and early 20", "5726e9c65951b619008f8247": " 154 gems bequeathed in 1869, Lady Cory's 1951 gift of major diamond jewellery from the 18th and 19", "5726e9c65951b619008f8248": "The jewellery collection, containing over 6000", "5726e9c65951b619008f8249": " 154 gems bequeat", "5726e9c65951b619008f824a": " 154 gems bequeathed in 1869, Lady Cory's 1951 gift of major diamond jewellery from the 18th and 19", "5726e9c65951b619008f824b": " jewellery gallery, funded by William and Judith Bollinger", "5726ee28708984140094d656": " 10,000 objects made from silver or gold in the collection, the display (about", "5726ee28708984140094d657": " 10,000 objects made from silver or gold", "5726ee28708984140094d658": " silver or gold", "5726ee28708984140094d659": " silver or gold", "5726ee28708984140094d655": " 10,000 objects made from silver or gold in the collection, the display (about 15", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959e": " Medieval & Renaissance galleries", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959f": " Medieval & Renaissance galleries", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a0": "One of the rarest items in the collection is the 58 cm high Gloucester Candlestick", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a1": " 58 cm high Gloucester Candlestick", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a2": " 58 cm high Gloucester Candlestick", "5726f1ec708984140094d6aa": " Galleries, the Medieval & Renaissance Galleries, and the planned new galleries", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ad": " British Galleries, the Medieval & Renaissance Galleries, and the planned new galleries", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ab": " Galleries, the Medieval & Renaissance Galleries, and the planned new galleries", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ac": " British Galleries, the Medieval & Renaissance Galleries, and the planned new galleries", "5726f1ec708984140094d6a9": " the Medieval & Renaissance Galleries, and the planned new galleries", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bc": " fresco by Pietro Perugino", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bd": " fresco by Pietro Perugino", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0be": " fresco by Pietro Perugino", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bf": " fresco by Pietro Perugino", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0c0": " fresco by Pietro Perugino", "5726f4a0708984140094d6e9": " Constable's works came to the museum with the Sheepshanks bequest", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ea": " Constable's works came to the museum with the Sheepshanks bequest", "5726f4a0708984140094d6eb": " Constable's works came to the museum with the Sheepshanks bequest", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ec": " 1888, including the large number of sketches", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ed": " Constable's works came to the museum with the Sheepshanks bequest", "5726f755708984140094d737": " continental art", "5726f755708984140094d738": " French paintings entered the collection as part of the 260 paintings and miniatures (not all the works were French, for example Carlo Crivelli", "5726f755708984140094d739": " miniatures (not all the works were French, for example Carlo Crivelli", "5726f755708984140094d73a": " continental art 1600\u20131800, including the portrait of Fran\u00e7ois, Duc d'Alen\u00e7on by Fran\u00e7ois Clou", "5726f90b708984140094d75d": " 781", "5726f90b708984140094d75e": " 781", "5726f90b708984140094d75f": " 781", "5726f90b708984140094d760": " 781", "5726f90b708984140094d761": " 7", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96ce": " 22,000 objects in the collection that cover the period from about 400 AD to 1914.", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96cf": " 22,000 objects in the collection that cover the period from about 400 AD to 1914.", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d0": " 22,000 objects in the collection that cover the period from about 400 AD to 1914.", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d1": " 22,000 objects in the collection that cover the period from about 400 AD to 1914.", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9706": " National Galleries", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9707": " the museum", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9708": " Valerio Cioli", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9709": "The collection of Italian", "5726fc63dd62a815002e970a": "The collection of Italian", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9732": " 20", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9733": " 1914", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9734": " 1914", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9735": " 1914", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9736": " 1914", "572700c8dd62a815002e976a": " British Galleries", "572700c8dd62a815002e976b": "culptors", "572700c8dd62a815002e976c": "culptors", "572700c8dd62a815002e976d": "culptors", "572702a3dd62a815002e9790": " 1950", "572702a3dd62a815002e9791": " 1950", "572702a3dd62a815002e9792": " continental sculptors, such as Canova's Theseus and the Minotaur. The galleries overlooking the garden are arranged by theme", "572702a3dd62a815002e9793": " 1950", "572702a3dd62a815002e9794": " 1950; this has involved loans by other museums", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23c": " 53", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23d": " 53", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23e": " 53,000", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23f": " 53", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f240": " 53", "57270541dd62a815002e97c8": " Devonshire Hunting Tapestries", "57270541dd62a815002e97c9": " four Devonshire Hunting Tap", "57270541dd62a815002e97ca": " four Devonshire Hunting Tapestries", "57270541dd62a815002e97cb": " four Devonshire Hunting Tapestries", "57270541dd62a815002e97cc": " continental centres of tap", "57270676dd62a815002e97f0": " the collection. The collection has numerous examples of various types of textiles designed by William Morris", "57270676dd62a815002e97f1": " Morris", "57270676dd62a815002e97f2": " rugs and fabrics designed by Marion Dorn. From the same period there is a rug designed by Serge Chermayeff", "57270676dd62a815002e97f3": " rugs and fabrics designed by Marion Dorn. From the same period there is a rug designed by Serge Chermayeff", "57270676dd62a815002e97f4": " deco period is covered by rugs and fabrics designed by Marion Dorn. From the same period there is a rug designed by Serge Chermayeff", "57270817708984140094d8c7": "The V&", "57270817708984140094d8c8": " March", "57270817708984140094d8c9": " March", "57270817708984140094d8ca": " the V&A", "57270817708984140094d8cb": " the V&A", "57270ab9708984140094d8f7": "ator", "57270ab9708984140094d8f8": "ator", "57270ab9708984140094d8f9": " V&A and the V&A Museum of Childhood. The conservators specialise in particular areas of conservation. Areas covered by conservator", "57270ab9708984140094d8fa": "ator", "57270ab9708984140094d8fb": "ator", "57267b755951b619008f7433": " The Walt Disney Company. The network is part of the Big Three television networks. The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue", "57267b755951b619008f7434": " The Walt Disney Company. The network is part of the Big Three television networks. The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue", "57267b755951b619008f7435": " The Walt Disney Company. The network is part of the Big Three television networks. The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue", "57267b755951b619008f7436": " The Walt Disney Company. The network is part of the Big Three television networks. The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue", "57267b755951b619008f7437": " The Walt Disney Company. The network is part of the Big Three television networks. The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue", "57267ca75951b619008f7469": " October 12, 1943", "57267ca75951b619008f746a": " October 12, 1943", "57267ca75951b619008f746b": " October 12, 1943", "57267ca75951b619008f746c": " October 12, 1943", "57267ca75951b619008f746d": " October 12, 1943", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8740": " Citadel", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8741": " Citadel Broadcasting, which purchased the ABC Radio properties in 2007", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8742": " Citadel", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8743": " Citadel", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8744": " Citadel", "5726808bdd62a815002e8776": " Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS), the Mutual Broadcasting System and the National Broadcasting Company (NBC). The last was owned by electronics", "5726808bdd62a815002e8777": " Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS), the Mutual Broadcasting System and the National Broadcasting Company (NBC). The last was owned by electronics", "5726808bdd62a815002e8778": " three", "5726808bdd62a815002e8779": " three", "5726808bdd62a815002e877a": " three", "572681ab708984140094c85d": " Mutual filed a complaint with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regarding its difficulties in establishing new stations, in a radio market that was already being", "572681ab708984140094c85e": " 1934", "572681ab708984140094c85f": " 1934", "572681ab708984140094c860": " Mutual filed a complaint with the Federal Communications Commission", "572681ab708984140094c861": " Mutual filed a complaint with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regarding its difficulties in establishing new stations, in a radio market that was already being", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fc": " Woods", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fd": " Mutual's appeals against the FCC were rejected, RCA decided to sell NBC Blue in 1941, and gave the mandate to do so to Mark Woods", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fe": " Dillon, Read & Co. (which was later acquired by the Swiss Bank Corporation in 1997) offered $7.5 million to purchase the network", "572684f5dd62a815002e87ff": " Dillon, Read & Co. (which was later acquired by the Swiss Bank Corporation in 1997) offered $7.5 million to purchase the network", "572684f5dd62a815002e8800": " Dillon, Read & Co. (which was later acquired by the Swiss Bank Corporation in 1997) offered $7.5 million to purchase the network", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29e": " Noble", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29f": " Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCC's approval. The Commission authorized the transaction on October 12, 1943", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a0": " Noble founded, the American Broadcasting System. Noble subsequently acquired the rights to the \"American Broadcasting Company\" name from George B. Storer in 1944", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a1": " Noble", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a2": " Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCC's approval. The Commission authorized the transaction on October 12, 1943", "57268739708984140094c8ed": " NBC", "57268739708984140094c8ee": " NBC and CBS when, continuing NBC Blue's traditions of public service, it aired symphony performances conducted by Paul Whiteman", "57268739708984140094c8ef": " NBC", "57268739708984140094c8f0": " NBC and CBS", "57268739708984140094c8f1": " NBC and CBS", "57269260dd62a815002e89ea": " ESPN network in the 1990s, and policies enacted in the 2000s by Disney Media", "57269260dd62a815002e89eb": " ESPN network", "57269260dd62a815002e89ec": " ESPN network in the 1990s, and policies enacted in the 2000s by Disney Media", "57269260dd62a815002e89ed": " ESPN network in the 1990s, and policies enacted in the 2000s by Disney Media", "57269260dd62a815002e89ee": " the ESPN network in the 1990s, and policies enacted in the 2000s by Disney Media", "57269344f1498d1400e8e43e": " satellite television", "57269344f1498d1400e8e43f": " syndication, with ABC Films", "57269344f1498d1400e8e440": "The idea was to create a network of wholly and partially owned channels", "57269344f1498d1400e8e441": " satellite television", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5c": " Theatres model, tried to use on ABC the same strategies he had made in expanding UPT's theater operation to the international market. Leonard Gold", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5d": "The first attempts to internationalize the ABC", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5e": "The first attempts to internationalize the ABC", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5f": " June", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb60": " June", "5726e5ac708984140094d51b": " Peanuts television specials, having acquired the broadcast rights from CBS", "5726e5ac708984140094d51c": "ABC currently holds the broadcast rights to the Academy Awards, Emmy Awards (which are rotated across all four major networks on a year-to-", "5726e5ac708984140094d51d": "ABC currently holds the broadcast rights to the Academy Awards, Emmy Awards (which are rotated across all four major networks on a year-to-", "5726e5ac708984140094d51e": "ABC currently holds the broadcast rights to the Academy Awards, Emmy Awards (which are rotated across all four major networks on a year-to-", "5726e5ac708984140094d51f": "ABC currently holds the broadcast rights to the Academy Awards, Emmy Awards (which are rotated across all four major networks on a year-to-", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef30": " 1974, ABC has generally aired Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve on New Year's Eve", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef31": " Times Square was still featured within the coverage. ABC has also aired the Miss America pageant", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef32": " 1974, ABC has generally aired Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve on New Year's Eve", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef33": " 1974, ABC has generally aired Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve on New Year's Eve", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef34": " ABC has generally aired Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve on New Year's Eve", "5726e671dd62a815002e9464": " The View and The Chew, and the soap opera General Hospital", "5726e671dd62a815002e9465": " The View and The Chew, and the soap opera General Hospital", "5726e671dd62a815002e9466": " The View and The Chew, and the soap opera General Hospital", "5726e671dd62a815002e9467": " The View and The Chew", "5726e671dd62a815002e9468": " The View and The Chew, and the soap opera General Hospital", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6e": " X Games weekend events not broadcast by ESPN", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6c": " ESPN Sports Saturday block on Saturday late afternoons", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6b": " X Games weekend events not broadcast by ESPN", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6a": " X Games weekend events not broadcast by ESPN", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6d": " The Open Championship golf and The Wimbledon tennis tournaments", "5726e860708984140094d579": " VHF channel 7, as Frank Marx", "5726e860708984140094d57a": " VHF channel 7, as Frank Marx", "5726e860708984140094d57b": " VHF channel 7, as Frank Marx", "5726e860708984140094d57c": " VHF channel 7, as Frank Marx", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa0": " 108 existing television stations in the United States; a few major cities (such as Boston) had only two television stations, many other cities (such", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa1": " two television stations, many other cities (such as Pittsburgh and St. Louis) had only one, and still many others (such", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa2": " two television stations, many other cities (such as Pittsburgh and St. Louis) had only one, and still many others (such", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa3": " two television stations, many other cities (such as Pittsburgh and St. Louis) had only one, and still many others (such", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950a": " Theatres", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950b": " Theatres", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950c": " Theatres", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950d": " CBS", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950e": " Noble", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff2": " Noble in 1951 on a proposal for UPT to purchase ABC", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff3": " Noble in 1951 on a proposal for UPT to purchase ABC. Noble received other offers, including one from CBS", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff4": " Noble in 1951 on a proposal for UPT to purchase ABC", "5726ed12708984140094d645": " Goldenson", "5726ed12708984140094d646": " Goldenson", "5726ed12708984140094d647": " Goldenson", "5726ed12708984140094d648": " American Broadcasting-Paramount Theat", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f024": " August", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f025": " August", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f026": " August", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f027": "JZ-TV in New York City (later re-called WABC-TV), signed on the air on August", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c6": " September 30, 1960, ABC premiered The Flintstones, another example of counterprogramming", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c7": " September 30, 1960, ABC premiered The Flintstones", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c8": " September", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c9": " September 30, 1960, ABC premiered The Flintstones", "5726f0865951b619008f82e5": " Goldenson", "5726f0865951b619008f82e6": " Goldenson", "5726f0865951b619008f82e7": " Goldenson", "5726f0865951b619008f82e8": " 1961 (the network would resume its relationship with Disney", "572734af708984140094dae3": " Little Dot", "572734af708984140094dae4": " black-and-yellow coloring of the logo", "572734af708984140094dae5": " black-and-yellow coloring of the logo", "572734af708984140094dae6": " Little Dot", "572735a15951b619008f86bf": " Pittard", "572735a15951b619008f86c0": " Pittard", "572735a15951b619008f86c1": " Pittard", "572735a15951b619008f86c2": " Pittard", "572736625951b619008f86d1": " ID sequences had the logo appear in a gold CGI design on a blue background, accompanied by the slogan \"That Special Feeling", "572736625951b619008f86d2": " ID sequences had the logo appear in a gold CGI design on a blue background, accompanied by the slogan \"That Special Feeling", "572736625951b619008f86d3": " ID sequences had the logo appear in a gold CGI design on a blue background, accompanied by the slogan \"That Special Feeling", "572736625951b619008f86d4": " ID sequences had the logo appear in a gold CGI design on a blue background, accompanied by the slogan \"That Special Feeling", "572736fc5951b619008f86d9": " 1977 ID sequence that featured a bubble on a black background representing the circle with glossy gold letters", "572736fc5951b619008f86da": " white, blue, pink, rainbow neon and glitter", "572736fc5951b619008f86db": " white, blue, pink, rainbow neon and glitter", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4be": " Bauhaus typeface designed by Herbert Bayer", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4bf": " Bauhaus typeface designed by Herbert Bayer", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c0": " strongly reminiscent of the Bauhaus typeface designed by Herbert Bayer", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c1": " Bauhaus typeface", "5727387b5951b619008f86e9": " Clear Channel Communications", "5727387b5951b619008f86ea": " Clear Channel Communications", "5727387b5951b619008f86eb": " Clear Channel Communications", "57273954708984140094db05": " April 21, 2004, Disney announced a restructuring of its Disney Media Networks", "57273954708984140094db06": " Desperate Housewives, Lost and Grey's Anatomy", "57273954708984140094db07": " April 21, 2004, Disney announced a restructuring of its Disney Media", "57273954708984140094db08": " NASCAR", "57273a0d708984140094db0d": " Disney", "57273a0d708984140094db0e": " Disney", "57273a0d708984140094db0f": " Disney", "57273a0d708984140094db10": " Disney", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4da": " Time Warner Cable", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4db": " TWC to restore the affected stations; the FCC ruled in favor of ABC, ordering Time Warner Cable to restore the stations", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dc": " Time Warner Cable", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dd": " April", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d6": " The Practice, NYPD Blue and The Wonderful World of Disney", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d7": " The Practice, NYPD Blue and The Wonderful World of Disney", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d8": " The Practice, NYPD Blue and The Wonderful World of Disney", "57273c195951b619008f8721": " August 1999, ABC premiered a special series event, Who Wants to Be a Million", "57273c195951b619008f8722": " August 1999, ABC premiered a special series event, Who Wants to Be a Million", "57273c195951b619008f8723": " ABC premiered a special series event, Who Wants to Be a Million", "57273c195951b619008f8724": " August 1999, ABC premiered a special series event, Who Wants to Be a Million", "57273d19708984140094db3d": " The Walt Disney Company announced an agreement to merge with Capital Cities", "57273d19708984140094db3e": " The Walt Disney Company announced an agreement to merge with Capital Cities/ABC", "57273d19708984140094db3f": " The Walt Disney Company announced an agreement to merge with Capital Cities", "57273d19708984140094db40": " The Walt Disney Company announced an agreement to merge with Capital Cities", "57273d19708984140094db41": " The Walt Disney Company announced an agreement to merge with Capital Cities", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f508": " Goldenson", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f509": " Goldenson", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f50a": " financial problems", "57273ef15951b619008f8751": " WABC, WABC-FM and WABC-TV", "57273ef15951b619008f8752": "JZ, WJZ-FM and WJZ-TV \u2013 changed their respective callsigns to WABC", "57273ef15951b619008f8753": " 1946. The WJZ calls would later be reassigned to the then-ABC affiliate in Baltimore in 1959", "57273f9d708984140094db51": " Goldenson had to intervene in ABC's decisions because of financial problems", "57273f9d708984140094db52": " DuMont Television Network", "57273f9d708984140094db53": " ABC and UPT", "57273f9d708984140094db54": " ABC and UPT", "5727403af1498d1400e8f526": " Paramount", "5727403af1498d1400e8f527": " Goldenson", "5727403af1498d1400e8f528": " Goldenson", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1c": "ner tried with mixed success to adapt some of its most successful films as ABC television", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1d": "ner tried with mixed success to adapt some of its most successful films as ABC", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1e": " Walt Disney", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1f": "ner tried with mixed success to adapt some of its most successful films as ABC television series, and showcase these adaptations as part of the wheel series", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53e": " Goldenson", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53f": " Goldenson at the end of 1953 for ABC to agree to finance part of the Disneyland", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f540": " Goldenson at the end of 1953 for ABC to agree to finance part of the Disneyland", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f541": " Goldenson", "572742daf1498d1400e8f550": " DJ-helmed stations", "572742daf1498d1400e8f551": " WCFL in Chicago who was approached by ABC Radio president Harold L. Neal", "572742daf1498d1400e8f552": " DJ-helmed stations", "572742daf1498d1400e8f553": " WCFL", "5727436af1498d1400e8f558": " 1969", "5727436af1498d1400e8f559": " $400,000\u2013$450,000. Hits for the television network during the late 1960s and early 1970", "5727436af1498d1400e8f55a": " $400,000\u2013$450,000. Hits for the television network during the late 1960s and early 1970", "5727436af1498d1400e8f55b": " $400,000\u2013$450,000. Hits for the television network during the late 1960s and early 1970", "572743fb708984140094db93": " the decade as a whole would mark a turning point for ABC, as it began to pass CBS and NBC", "572743fb708984140094db94": " the decade as a whole would mark a turning point for ABC, as it began to pass CBS and NBC", "572743fb708984140094db95": " the decade as a whole would mark a turning point for ABC, as it began to pass CBS and NBC", "5727448b5951b619008f87a1": " Monday Night Football", "5727448b5951b619008f87a2": " Goldenson, Monday Night Football helped earn ABC regularly score an audience share of 15%\u201316%; ABC Sports", "5727448b5951b619008f87a3": " 1970 also saw the premieres of several soap operas", "5727448b5951b619008f87a4": " 1970 also saw the premieres of several soap operas", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4e": " 1970", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4f": " syndication, and ABC Circle Films as a production unit. World", "57274633dd62a815002e9a50": " Worldvision Enterprises, which would produce and distribute programming for U.S. syndication, and ABC Circle Films as a production unit. World", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a66": " January 2, 1971.", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a67": " January 2, 1971", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a68": " 1974", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a69": " January 2, 1971.", "572747dd5951b619008f87a9": " Paramount Pictures", "572747dd5951b619008f87aa": " Paramount", "572747dd5951b619008f87ab": " Paramount", "572747dd5951b619008f87ac": " Paramount Pictures", "572748745951b619008f87b1": " Silverman to become the first president and director of programming of the independent television production subsidiary ABC Entertainment", "572748745951b619008f87b2": " Silverman to become the first president and director of programming of the independent television production subsidiary ABC Entertainment", "572748745951b619008f87b3": " Silverman to become the first president and director of programming of the independent television production subsidiary ABC Entertainment", "572748745951b619008f87b4": " 1975", "5727492f708984140094dbb5": " Silverman, who left ABC in 1978", "5727492f708984140094dbb6": " Laverne & Shirley, which debuted in 1976", "5727492f708984140094dbb7": " Silverman", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a90": " January saw the premiere of Roots, a miniser", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a91": " The Love Boat, a comedy-drama anthology series produced by Aaron Spelling", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a92": " The Love Boat, a comedy-drama anthology series produced by Aaron Spelling", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a93": " January saw the premiere of Roots, a miniseries based on an Alex Haley", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a94": " January saw the premiere of Roots, a miniseries based on an Alex Haley", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b4": "one Arledge", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b5": " the new ABC News in addition to being president of ABC Sports", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b6": "one Arledge", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b7": "one Arledge", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dc": "ledge created the newsmagazine 20/20", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dd": "ledge created the newsmagazine 20/20", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5de": "ledge created the newsmagazine 20/20", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5df": " 20/20", "57274cac708984140094dbdd": " ABC Cable News, with plans to launch the network in 1995", "57274cac708984140094dbde": " ABC Cable News, with plans to launch the network in 1995", "57274cac708984140094dbdf": " ABC Cable", "57274cac708984140094dbe0": " ABC Cable News, with plans to launch the network in 1995", "57274d905951b619008f87e1": "The Writers Guild of America strike", "57274d905951b619008f87e2": "The Writers Guild of America strike", "57274d905951b619008f87e3": " Caris & Co. that it would be selling the ten ABC owned-and-operated stations", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f1": " Citadel Communications announced that it would rebrand ABC Radio as Citadel Media; however, ABC News continued to provide news content for Citadel. On December", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f2": " Citadel Communications announced that it would rebrand ABC Radio as Citadel Media; however, ABC News continued to provide news content for Citadel. On December", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f3": " Disney\u2013ABC Television Group", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f4": " Disney\u2013ABC Television", "57274f07708984140094dbed": "The network began running into some trouble in the ratings by 2010", "57274f07708984140094dbee": " 2010", "57274f07708984140094dbef": " Ugly Betty collapsed dramatically after it was moved to Fridays", "57274f07708984140094dbf0": " Fridays", "5727504b5951b619008f881d": " Paramount", "5727504b5951b619008f881e": " Paramount", "5727504b5951b619008f881f": " Paramount", "5727504b5951b619008f8820": " Paramount", "57275273dd62a815002e9b16": "nick", "57275273dd62a815002e9b17": " the aforementioned Selznick", "57275273dd62a815002e9b18": " the aforementioned Selznick", "57275273dd62a815002e9b19": "nick", "57275339dd62a815002e9b28": " 235", "57275339dd62a815002e9b29": " eight owned-and-operated stations, and current and pending affiliation agreements with 235", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2a": " eight owned-and-operated stations, and current and pending affiliation agreements with 235", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2b": " 300,794,157", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b44": " 1946", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b45": " bald eagle", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b46": "UP", "57275573708984140094dc45": " 4:3 standard definition. All of the network's programming has been presented in HD since January", "57275573708984140094dc46": "/I block Litton's Weekend Aventure is also broadcast in HD", "57275573708984140094dc47": "/I block Litton's Weekend Aventure is also broadcast in HD", "57275573708984140094dc48": "/I block Litton's Weekend Aventure is also broadcast in HD", "57275650708984140094dc5f": " The Walt Disney Company", "57275650708984140094dc60": " The Walt Disney Company", "57275650708984140094dc61": " The Walt Disney Company", "57275650708984140094dc62": " The Walt Disney Company's U.S. television properties. However, most of Hearst Television's 16 ABC-affiliated stations transmit the network", "57275743f1498d1400e8f680": " forensic investigation drama Body of Proof being the only one that was renewed for a second season. The network also struggled to establish new comedies", "57275743f1498d1400e8f681": "The network's troubles with sustaining existing series and gaining new hits", "57275743f1498d1400e8f682": "The network's troubles with sustaining existing series and gaining new hits", "57275743f1498d1400e8f683": "The network's troubles with sustaining existing series and gaining new hits", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b6": " Prospect Park", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b7": " Prospect Park", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b8": " Prospect Park", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b9": " One Live to Live on General Hospital during the transition). The talk/lifestyle show that replaced One", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6ba": " Prospect Park", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6ca": " The Goldbergs, Agents of S.H.I.E.L", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cb": " The Goldbergs, Agents of S.H.I.E", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cc": " The Goldbergs, Agents of S.H.I.E.L", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cd": " The Goldbergs, Agents of S.H.I.E.L", "57275a505951b619008f889f": " Shark Tank (based on the Dragon's Den reality format) also became a midseason sleeper hit on Sundays", "57275a505951b619008f88a0": " Dragon's Den reality format) also became a midseason sleeper hit on Sundays", "57275a505951b619008f88a1": " Sundays", "57275a505951b619008f88a2": " Shark Tank (based on the Dragon's Den reality format) also became a midseason sleeper hit on Sundays", "57275bfb708984140094dc97": " Burke", "57275bfb708984140094dc98": " Capital Cities/ABC in February 1994, with Thomas Murphy taking over as president before ceding control to Robert Iger", "57275bfb708984140094dc99": "Daniel Burke", "57275bfb708984140094dc9a": " Burke", "57275bfb708984140094dc9b": " Capital Cities/ABC", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6da": " Capital Cities", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6db": " Capital Cities/ABC purchased the French animation studio DIC Entertainment", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dc": " Time Warner Cable to carry its owned-and-operated television stations on the provider's systems in ABC O", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dd": " 23.63% of American households, just below the limit of 25% imposed by the FCC", "57275e125951b619008f88d7": " Chicago radio station WLS", "57275e125951b619008f88d8": " Canadian entrepreneur John Bassett", "57275e125951b619008f88d9": " CFT", "57275e125951b619008f88da": " CFT", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f4": " Edgar Scherick", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f5": " Edgar Scherick", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f6": " April 29, 1961, ABC debuted Wide World of Sports, an anthology series created by Edgar Scherick", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f7": " NBC", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f706": " the corporate entity, American Broadcasting-Paramount The", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f707": " Theatres, was renamed as the American Broadcasting Companies, while its cinema division became ABC Theat", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f708": " corporate entity, American Broadcasting-", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f709": " the corporate entity, American Broadcasting-", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd8": " the three major networks represented 90% of all prime-time television viewership in the U.S.).", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd9": " Dynasty, an opulent drama from Aaron Spe", "57276166dd62a815002e9bda": " Alpha Repertory Television Service", "57276166dd62a815002e9bdb": " Alpha Repertory Television Service", "5727623a5951b619008f8921": " Infinity Broadcasting Corporation", "5727623a5951b619008f8922": " Infinity Broadcasting", "5727623a5951b619008f8923": " Infinity Broadcasting", "5727623a5951b619008f8924": " Infinity Broadcasting", "572763a8708984140094dcd9": " Burke", "572763a8708984140094dcda": " Burke", "572763a8708984140094dcdb": " Thomas S. Murphy delegated his position as president to Daniel B. Burke", "572763a8708984140094dcdc": " Burke", "572763a8708984140094dcdd": " Thomas S. Murphy delegated his position as president to Daniel B. Burke", "572764855951b619008f8951": " The View and The Chew and the soap opera General Hospital", "572764855951b619008f8952": " The View and The Chew and the soap opera General Hospital. ABC News programming includes Good Morning America from 7:00 to 9:00 a", "572764855951b619008f8953": " The View and The Chew and the soap opera General Hospital. ABC News programming includes Good Morning America from 7:00 to 9:00 a", "572764855951b619008f8954": " The View and The Chew and the soap opera General Hospital", "57276576dd62a815002e9c18": "&O", "57276576dd62a815002e9c19": " ABC maintains affiliations with low-power stations", "57276576dd62a815002e9c1a": " ABC maintains affiliations with low-power stations", "57276576dd62a815002e9c1b": "&O WABC", "57276690708984140094dd01": "All of ABC's owned-and-operated stations and affiliates have had their own facilities and studios, but transverse entities have been", "57276690708984140094dd02": "All of ABC's owned-and-operated stations and affiliates have had their own facilities and studios, but transverse entities have been", "57276690708984140094dd03": "All of ABC's owned-and-operated stations and affiliates have had their own facilities and studios, but transverse entities have been", "57276690708984140094dd04": "All of ABC's owned-and-operated stations and affiliates have had their own facilities and studios, but transverse entities have been", "5727678e5951b619008f8973": " the Times Square Studios", "5727678e5951b619008f8974": "ABC also owns the Times Square Studios", "5727678e5951b619008f8975": " Times Square Studios", "5727678e5951b619008f8976": " Times Square Studios at 1500 Broadway", "572768d9708984140094dd13": " ABC on Demand", "572768d9708984140094dd14": "ABC maintains several video on demand services for delayed viewing of the network's programming, including a traditional VOD service called ABC on Demand", "572768d9708984140094dd15": " VOD service called ABC on Demand", "572768d9708984140094dd16": " Hulu", "572769e85951b619008f8985": " WATCH ABC, Hulu and ABC on Demand", "572769e85951b619008f8986": "The most recent episodes of the network's shows are usually made available on WATCH ABC, Hulu and ABC on Demand", "572769e85951b619008f8987": " Disney", "572769e85951b619008f8988": " Hulu and ABC on Demand", "57276a8f5951b619008f8995": " LoyalKaspar. The updated logo carries a simpler gloss design than the previous version, and contains lettering", "57276a8f5951b619008f8996": " LoyalKaspar. The updated logo carries a simpler gloss design than the previous version, and contains lettering", "57276a8f5951b619008f8997": " LoyalKaspar. The updated logo carries a simpler gloss design than the previous version, and contains lettering", "57276a8f5951b619008f8998": " LoyalKaspar. The updated logo carries a simpler gloss design than the previous version, and contains lettering", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b2": " All-Channel Receiver", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b3": " All-Channel Receiver", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b4": " All-Channel Receiver", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b5": " 1954", "57276d7f708984140094dd3f": " ABC was relegated to secondary status on one or both of the existing stations, usually via off-hours", "57276d7f708984140094dd40": " the largest markets, ABC was relegated to secondary status on one or both of the existing stations, usually via off-hours", "57276d7f708984140094dd41": " ABC was relegated to secondary status on one or both of the existing stations, usually via off-hours", "57276d7f708984140094dd42": " the largest markets, ABC was relegated to secondary status on one or both of the existing stations, usually via off-hours", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd0": " Desilu", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd1": " Desilu", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd2": " Desilu", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd3": " Desilu", "5727705f5951b619008f89f3": " CBS and NBC in broadcasting films on Sunday nights in 1962", "5727705f5951b619008f89f4": " Fugitive (on September", "5727705f5951b619008f89f5": " Fugitive (on September", "5727705f5951b619008f89f6": " 1962, with the launch of the ABC Sunday Night Movie, which debuted a year behind its competitors and was initially presented in black-and-white", "5727705f5951b619008f89f7": " CBS and NBC in broadcasting films", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f840": " ITT", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f841": " Goldenson announced a merger proposal with ITT to ABC", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f842": " Goldenson announced a merger proposal with ITT to ABC", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f843": " Goldenson announced a merger proposal with ITT to ABC", "57277373dd62a815002e9d24": " Capital Cities Communications, contacted Leonard Gold", "57277373dd62a815002e9d25": " The Washington Post Company", "57277373dd62a815002e9d26": " The Washington Post Company", "57277373dd62a815002e9d27": " Tampa independent station WFTS-TV to the E. W. Scripps Company", "57277373dd62a815002e9d28": " single company (although the deal would have otherwise complied with new ownership rules implemented by the FCC", "572774cf5951b619008f8a51": " September", "572774cf5951b619008f8a52": " September", "572774cf5951b619008f8a53": " September", "572774cf5951b619008f8a54": " September", "572774cf5951b619008f8a55": " September", "57277585708984140094de2b": " Laverne & Shirley ended its run in 1983", "57277585708984140094de2c": " comedies and family-oriented series", "57277585708984140094de2d": " the Big Three networks in 1984", "57277585708984140094de2e": " comedies and family-oriented series", "57277585708984140094de2f": " Cosby Show, Cheers and Miami Vice. To counteract NBC, ABC decided to refocus itself on comedies and family-oriented series", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c4": "TGIF\" block", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c5": " Miller-Boyett Productions", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c6": " Miller-Boyett Productions", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c7": " Miller-Boyett Productions", "572776e85951b619008f8a7f": " Roone Arledge", "572776e85951b619008f8a80": "one Arledge", "572776e85951b619008f8a81": "one Arledge", "572776e85951b619008f8a82": "one Arledge", "572776e85951b619008f8a83": "one Arledge", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9d": " Bandstand had pulled very strong ratings in the Philadelphia market on WFIL-TV; Tre", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9e": " Bandstand had pulled very strong ratings in the Philadelphia market on WFIL-TV; Tre", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9f": " the ABC network became a serious contender to NBC and CBS", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa0": " Bandstand had pulled very strong ratings in the Philadelphia market on WFIL-TV; Tre", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa1": " ABC Entertainment president Ollie Treiz discovered that the locally produced variety show Bandstand had pulled very strong ratings in the Philadelphia market on WFIL", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90a": " Life criticized the public enthusiasm and sponsorship for these types", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90b": " Goldenson give the network a continuum between film and television", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90c": " Goldenson give the network a continuum between film and television", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90d": " Goldenson give the network a continuum between film and television", "57277af2708984140094dec3": "&O WABC-TV and Philadelphia O&O WPVI-TV were the first stations to offer streams of their programming on the service", "57277af2708984140094dec4": "&O WABC-TV and Philadelphia O&O WPVI-TV were the first stations to offer streams of their programming on the service", "57277af2708984140094dec5": "&O WABC-TV and Philadelphia O&O WPVI-TV were the first stations to offer streams of their programming on the service", "57277af2708984140094dec6": "&O WABC-TV and Philadelphia O&O WPVI-TV were the first stations to offer streams of their programming on the service", "57277bfc708984140094ded9": " Sinclair Broadcast Group", "57277bfc708984140094deda": " Sinclair Broadcast Group", "57277bfc708984140094dedb": " Sinclair Broadcast Group", "57277bfc708984140094dedc": " 28", "57277bfc708984140094dedd": " 28", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e76": "ika", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e77": "ika", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e78": " \"Start Here\". Also developed by Troika", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e79": " \"Start Here\". Also developed by Troika", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea4": "WFTS-TV and WWSB) and Grand Rapids, Michigan (WZZM and WOTV), with an analogous", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea5": " Grand Rapids, Michigan (WZZM and WOTV), with an analogous situation arising in Kansas City, Missouri", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea6": "WFTS-TV and WWSB) and Grand Rapids, Michigan (WZZM and WOTV), with an analogous", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea7": " 1994", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f5": "He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia.", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f6": "He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia.", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f7": "He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia.", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f8": " Khitai, Caucasus, Khwarezmid Empire, Western Xia and Jin dynasties.", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f9": "He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia.", "5726a00d708984140094cc25": " 1227", "5726a00d708984140094cc26": " 1227", "5726a00d708984140094cc27": " 1227", "5726a00d708984140094cc28": " 1227 after defeating the Western Xia.", "5726a00d708984140094cc29": " 1227 after defeating the Western Xia. He was buried in an unmarked grave somewhere in Mongolia", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e578": " 1162", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e579": " 1162", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57a": " 1162", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57b": " 1162", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbc": " nomads of Mongolia, Tem\u00fcjin's early life was difficult. His father arranged a marriage for him, and at nine years of", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbd": " nomads of Mongolia, Tem\u00fcjin's early life was difficult. His father arranged a marriage for him, and at nine years of", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbe": " nomads of Mongolia, Tem\u00fcjin's early life was difficult. His father arranged a marriage for him, and at nine years of", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbf": " early life was difficult. His father arranged a marriage for him, and at nine years of", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bc0": " nomads of Mongolia, Tem\u00fcjin's early life was difficult. His father arranged a marriage for him, and at nine years of", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb7": " Khasar", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb8": " Khasar", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb9": " excursion that Tem\u00fcjin and his brother Khasar", "5726a4a9708984140094ccba": " excursion that Tem\u00fcjin and his brother Khasar", "5726a5f65951b619008f7903": " sympathetic", "5726a5f65951b619008f7904": " The Tayichi'ud enslaved Tem\u00fcjin", "5726a5f65951b619008f7905": "me and Bo'orchu", "5726a5f65951b619008f7906": "me and Bo'orchu", "5726a5f65951b619008f7907": " The Tayichi'ud enslaved Tem\u00fcjin", "5726a784708984140094ccff": "'s mother Hoelun", "5726a784708984140094cd00": "'s mother Hoelun", "5726a784708984140094cd01": "'s mother Hoelun", "5726a784708984140094cd02": " Hoelun", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c34": " empress", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c35": " 16 in order to cement alliances between their respective tribes. Soon after B", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c36": " the help of his friend and future rival, Jamukha, and his protector, Toghrul Khan", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c37": "1185\u20131226), nine months later, clouding the issue of his parentage", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c38": "1185\u20131226), nine months later, clouding the issue of his parentage", "5726a9ed5951b619008f7969": " The names of at least six daughters are known, and while they played significant roles behind the scenes during his lifetime, no documents have survived that definitively", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796a": " The names of at least six daughters are known, and while they played significant roles behind the scenes during his lifetime, no documents have survived that definitively", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796b": " The names of at least six daughters are known, and while they played significant roles behind the scenes during his lifetime, no documents have survived that definitively", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796c": " the names of sons were documented, daughters were not.", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796d": " The names of at least six daughters are known, and while they played significant roles behind the scenes during his lifetime, no documents have survived that definitively", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a2": " Toghr", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a3": " Toghr", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a4": " the Chinese title \"Wang Khan\", which the Jurchen Jin dynasty granted him in 119", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a5": " B\u00f6rte was captured by the Merkits. Tem\u00fcjin turned to To", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a6": " Keraite warriors and suggested that he also involve his childhood friend Jamukha", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ca": " khan of the Mongols. However, Jam", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cb": " Mongolian aristocracy, while Tem\u00fc", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cc": " The life of Tem\u00fc", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cd": " Mongolian aristocracy, while Tem\u00fc", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ce": " the Qara Khitai", "5726ae32708984140094cdab": " political innovations", "5726ae32708984140094cdac": " political innovations", "5726ae32708984140094cdad": " political innovations", "5726ae32708984140094cdae": " political innovations", "5726af765951b619008f7a51": " the internal dispute between Toghrul and Jam", "5726af765951b619008f7a52": " the internal dispute between Toghrul and Jam", "5726af765951b619008f7a53": " internal dispute between Toghrul and Jam", "5726af765951b619008f7a54": "One of the later ruptures between Toghrul and Tem\u00fc", "5726b0985951b619008f7a91": "The next direct threat to Tem\u00fcjin was the Naimans", "5726b0985951b619008f7a92": "The next direct threat to Tem\u00fcjin was the Naimans", "5726b0985951b619008f7a93": "The next direct threat to Tem\u00fcjin was the Naimans", "5726b0985951b619008f7a94": " direct threat to Tem\u00fcjin was the Naimans", "5726b0985951b619008f7a95": "The next direct threat to Tem\u00fcjin was the Naimans", "5726b1d95951b619008f7acd": " Secret History, Tem\u00fcjin again offered his friendship to Jamukha", "5726b1d95951b619008f7ace": "oyal men in his army. Jam", "5726b1d95951b619008f7acf": " Secret History, Tem\u00fcjin again offered his friendship to Jamukha", "5726b1d95951b619008f7ad0": " Secret History, Tem\u00fcjin again offered his friendship to Jamukha", "5726b879708984140094cf01": "Accounts of Genghis Khan's life are marked by claims of a series of betrayals and conspiracies", "5726b879708984140094cf02": "Accounts of Genghis Khan's life are marked by claims of a series of betrayals and conspiracies.", "5726b879708984140094cf03": " Khasar. His military strategies showed a deep interest in gathering good intelligence and understanding the motivations of his rivals, exemplified by his extensive spy network", "5726b879708984140094cf04": "Accounts of Genghis Khan's life are marked by claims of a series of betrayals and conspiracies.", "5726b879708984140094cf05": "Accounts of Genghis Khan's life are marked by claims of a series of betrayals and conspiracies.", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf1": " 1206", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf2": " 1206", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf3": "06", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf4": " 1206", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf5": " 1206", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3b": " Kaifeng, abandoning the northern half of his kingdom to the Mongols. Between 1232 and 1233, Kaif", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3c": " Kaifeng, abandoning the northern half of his kingdom to the Mongols. Between 1232 and 1233, Kaif", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3d": " Kaifeng, abandoning the northern half of his kingdom to the Mongols. Between 1232 and 1233, Kaif", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3e": " Kaifeng, abandoning the northern half of his kingdom to the Mongols. Between 1232 and 1233, Kaif", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3f": " Kaifeng, abandoning the northern half of his kingdom to the Mongols. Between 1232 and 1233, Kaif", "5726bd655951b619008f7c9f": " the deposed Khan of the Naiman confederation that Tem\u00fcjin", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca0": " ten years of continuous campaigning in China against the Western Xia and Jin dynasty.", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca1": " ten years of continuous campaigning in China against the Western Xia and Jin dynasty.", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca2": " Kuchlug", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca3": "Kuchlug", "5726bf135951b619008f7ce9": " Khitai more vulnerable to Mongol conquest. As a result, Kuchlug's army was defeated west of Kashgar", "5726bf135951b619008f7cea": " the Qara Khitai more vulnerable to Mongol conquest. As a result, Kuchlug's army was defeated west of Kashgar", "5726bf135951b619008f7ceb": " the Qara Khitai more vulnerable to Mongol conquest. As a result, Kuchlug's army was defeated west of Kashgar", "5726bf135951b619008f7cec": " the Qara Khitai more vulnerable to Mongol conquest. As a result, Kuchlug's army was defeated west of Kashgar", "5726bf135951b619008f7ced": " the Qara Khitai more vulnerable to Mongol conquest. As a result, Kuchlug's army was defeated west of Kashgar", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f76": " affront and insult to Genghis Khan. Outraged, Genghis Khan planned one of his largest invasion campaigns by organizing together around 100,", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f77": " 100,", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f78": " affront and insult to Genghis Khan. Outraged, Genghis Khan planned one of his largest invasion campaigns by organizing together around 100,", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f79": " 100,", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f7a": " 100,", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa6": " Tien Shan mountains by entering the area controlled by the Khwarezmian Empire", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa7": " Khwarezmian Empire.", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa8": " Jochi led the first division into the northeast of Khwarezmia. The second division under Jebe marched secretly to the southeast", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa9": " Khwarezmian Empire", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8faa": " Khwarezmian Empire", "5726c3b3708984140094d0cf": " Khwarezmia's defeats, as it allowed the Mongols, although exhausted from the long journey, to immediately", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d0": "The Shah's army was split by diverse internecine feuds and by the Shah's decision to divide his army into small groups concentrated in various cities", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d1": " Khwarezmia", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d2": "The Shah's army was split by diverse internecine feuds and by the Shah's decision to divide his army into small groups concentrated in various cities", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d3": " the Shah's decision to divide his army into small groups concentrated in various cities.", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f5": "The Mongols' conquest, even by their own standards, was brutal. After the capital Samarkand", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f6": " the capital was moved to Bukhara", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f7": "The Mongols", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae2": "a-Malik Juvayni", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae3": "a-Malik Juvayni", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae4": "a-Malik Juvayni", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddd": " Khwarezmi", "5726c7a85951b619008f7dde": " Khwarezmi", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddf": " moat and a single wall, and the citadel typical of Khwarezmi", "5726c7a85951b619008f7de0": " Khwarezmi", "5726c7a85951b619008f7de1": " moat and a single wall, and the citadel typical of Khwarezmi", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9046": " 1220, Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes.", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9047": " Mstislav the Bold of Halych and Mstislav III of Kiev", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9048": " 20,000 (two tumen) contingent marched through the Caucasus and into Russia under generals Jebe and Subut", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9049": " Mstislav the Bold of Halych and Mstislav III of Kiev", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e904a": " Mstislav the Bold of Halych and Mstislav III of Kiev", "57272bcb5951b619008f8683": " Golden Horde, the Mongols returned to conquer Volga Bulgaria and Kievan Rus", "57272bcb5951b619008f8684": " Golden Horde, the Mongols returned to conquer Volga Bulgaria and Kievan Rus' in 1237, concluding the campaign in 1240", "57272bcb5951b619008f8685": " political and cultural elements of the regions. In 1225 both divisions returned to Mongolia", "57272bcb5951b619008f8686": " Jebe died on the road back to Samarkand", "57272bcb5951b619008f8687": " Subutai back to Mongolia soon afterwards, and Jebe died on the road back to Samarkand", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43a": " 1226", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43b": " Heisui, Ganzhou, and Suzhou (not the Suzhou", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43c": " Heisui, Ganzhou, and Suzhou (not the Suzhou", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43d": " 1226, immediately after returning from the west, Genghis Khan began a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43e": " 1226, immediately after returning from the west, Genghis Khan began a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts", "57272dd55951b619008f8697": " the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led charges against the invaders outside the city gate. Ma Jian", "57272dd55951b619008f8698": " Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led charges against the invaders outside the city gate. Ma Jian", "57272dd55951b619008f8699": " the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led charges against the invaders outside the city gate. Ma Jian", "57272dd55951b619008f869a": " 1227", "57272dd55951b619008f869b": " the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led charges against the invaders outside the city gate. Ma Jian", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44e": " seniority of Jochi among the brothers. According to traditional historical accounts, the issue over Jochi's paternity was voiced most strongly by Chagata", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44f": " Chagata", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f450": "The succession of Genghis Khan was already a significant topic during the later years of his reign, as he reached old age.", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f451": " Chagata", "57272ff2708984140094dabd": " Chagatai and Jochi) and worried of possible conflict between them if he died. He therefore decided to divide his empire", "57272ff2708984140094dabe": " Tolui", "57272ff2708984140094dabf": " Tolui", "57272ff2708984140094dac0": " Tolui", "5727311d5951b619008f86ab": " 1226", "5727311d5951b619008f86ac": "Jochi died in 1226", "5727311d5951b619008f86ad": " Khorasan. Juzjani suggests that the disagreement arose from a quarrel between Jochi and his brothers in the siege of Urgench", "5727311d5951b619008f86ae": "Jochi died in 1226", "5727311d5951b619008f86af": " Khorasan. Juzjani suggests that the disagreement arose from a quarrel between Jochi and his brothers in the siege of Urgench", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46a": " Galician\u2013Volhynian Chronicle alleges he was killed by the Western Xia", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46b": " Galician\u2013Volhynian Chronicle alleges he was killed by the Western Xia", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46c": " Galician\u2013Volhynian Chronicle alleges he was killed by the Western Xia", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46d": " Galician\u2013Volhynian Chronicle alleges he was killed by the Western Xia", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46e": " Galician\u2013Volhynian Chronicle alleges he was killed by the Western Xia", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f474": " the customs of his tribe. After he died, his body was returned to Mongolia and presumably to his birthplace in Khentii", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f475": " the customs of his tribe. After he died, his body was returned to Mongolia and presumably to his birthplace in Khentii", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f476": " the customs of his tribe. After he died, his body was returned to Mongolia and presumably to his birthplace in Khentii", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f477": " the customs of his tribe. After he died, his body was returned to Mongolia and presumably to his birthplace in Khentii", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48c": " bier and relics were returned to the Lord's Enclosure in Mongolia", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48d": " bier and relics were returned to the Lord's Enclosure in Mongolia", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48e": " bier and relics were returned to the Lord's Enclosure in Mongolia", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48f": " bier and relics were returned to the Lord's Enclosure in Mongolia", "57273455f1498d1400e8f490": " bier and relics were returned to the Lord's Enclosure in Mongolia", "57273581708984140094daeb": " October", "57273581708984140094daec": " Gilgamesh of Uruk and Atilla the Hun).", "57273581708984140094daed": " Gilgamesh of Uruk and Atilla the Hun).", "57273581708984140094daee": " Gilgamesh of Uruk and Atilla the Hun).", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b5": "The Mongol Empire was governed by a civilian and military code, called the Yassa, created by Genghis Khan", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b4": " Khans of various ethnicities as part of the Mongol Empire such as Muhammad Khan.", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b6": " Khans of various ethnicities as part of the Mongol Empire such as Muhammad Khan.", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b7": " Khans of various ethnicities as part of the Mongol Empire such as Muhammad Khan.", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b8": " Khans of various ethnicities as part of the Mongol Empire such as Muhammad Khan.", "57273887dd62a815002e99a2": " religious figures and, to some extent, teachers and doctors.", "57273887dd62a815002e99a3": " religious figures and, to some extent, teachers and doctors.", "57273887dd62a815002e99a4": " Mongol tribes were Shamanist, Buddhist or Christian", "57273887dd62a815002e99a5": " Shamanist, Buddhist or Christian", "572739a75951b619008f86f7": " Khagan was being chosen. Modern scholars refer to the alleged policy of encouraging trade and communication as the Pax Mongolica (Mongol Peace).", "572739a75951b619008f86f8": " Khagan was being chosen. Modern scholars refer to the alleged policy of encouraging trade and communication as the Pax Mongolica", "572739a75951b619008f86f9": " Khagan was being chosen. Modern scholars refer to the alleged policy of encouraging trade and communication as the Pax Mongolica (Mongol Peace).", "572739a75951b619008f86fa": " Khagan was being chosen. Modern scholars refer to the alleged policy of encouraging trade and communication as the Pax Mongolica", "57273b1a5951b619008f8709": " Chu'Tsai", "57273b1a5951b619008f870a": " nomads", "57273b1a5951b619008f870b": " Khitan", "57273b1a5951b619008f870c": " Khitan", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e2": " Khagan on their own initiative. While granting his generals a great deal of autonomy in making command decisions, Gen", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e3": " Khagan on their own initiative. While granting his generals a great deal of autonomy in making command decisions, Gen", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e4": " Khagan on their own initiative. While granting his generals a great deal of autonomy in making command decisions, Gen", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e5": " Khagan on their own initiative", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e6": " Khagan on their own initiative. While granting his generals a great deal of autonomy in making command decisions, Gen", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f6": "The Mongol military was also successful in siege warfare", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f7": "The Mongol military was also successful in siege warfare", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f8": "The Mongol military was also successful in siege warfare", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f9": "The Mongol military was also successful in siege warfare", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fa": " the Mongol Empire stretched from the Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan.", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fb": " the Mongol Empire stretched from the Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan. The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fc": " The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fd": " Khwarezmids, and came into conflict with the imperial Song dynasty", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51e": " Silk Road under one cohesive political environment.", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51f": " the Silk Road under one cohesive political environment.", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f520": " Silk Road under one cohesive political environment.", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f521": " Silk Road under one cohesive political environment.", "5727404b708984140094db59": " positive role is underrated.", "5727404b708984140094db5a": " chasm in the perception of his brutality", "5727404b708984140094db5b": " positive role is underrated.", "5727404b708984140094db5c": " positive role is underrated.", "5727404b708984140094db5d": " positive role is underrated.", "57274126dd62a815002e9a24": " Genghis Khan's name and likeness are endorsed on products, streets, buildings, and other places.", "57274126dd62a815002e9a25": " 500, 1,000, 5,000, 10,000, and 20,000 Mongolian t\u00f6gr\u00f6g", "57274126dd62a815002e9a26": "laanbaatar is named Chinggis Khaan", "57274126dd62a815002e9a27": " Mongolia today, Genghis Khan's name and likeness are endorsed on products, streets, buildings, and other places.", "57274126dd62a815002e9a28": "laanbaatar is named Chinggis Khaan International Airport. Major Genghis Khan statues have been erected before the parliament", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63a": "hiagiin Elbegdorj noted. President Elbegd", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63b": "agiin Elbegdorj noted. President Elbe", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63c": "hiagiin Elbegdorj noted. President Elbegd", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63d": "hiagiin Elbegdorj noted. President Elbegd", "57275250708984140094dc25": " the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols", "57275250708984140094dc26": " 5 million", "57275250708984140094dc27": " the Inner Mongolia", "57275250708984140094dc28": " 5 million, almost twice the population of Mongolia. While Genghis Khan never conquered all of China", "57275250708984140094dc29": " the Inner Mongolia", "572753af708984140094dc2f": " destructive and genocidal warlord who caused enormous damage and destruction to the population of these areas.", "572753af708984140094dc30": " destructive and genocidal warlord who caused enormous damage and destruction to the population of these areas.", "572753af708984140094dc31": " destructive and genocidal warlord who caused enormous damage and destruction to the population of these areas.", "572754cd5951b619008f8863": " 70,000 people in Merv and more than 190,", "572754cd5951b619008f8864": " His descendant Hulagu Khan destroyed much of Iran's northern part and sacked Baghdad although his forces were halted by the Mamluks", "572754cd5951b619008f8865": " 70,000 people in Merv and more than 190,", "572754cd5951b619008f8866": " 70,000 people in Merv and more than 190,", "572754cd5951b619008f8867": " Merv and more than 190,", "572756715951b619008f8877": " Mughal Emperors directly patronized the legacies of Genghis Khan and Timur", "572756715951b619008f8878": " Mughal Emperors directly patronized the legacies of Genghis Khan and Timur", "572756715951b619008f8879": " Mughal Emperors directly patronized the legacies of Genghis Khan and Timur", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69a": " the name stems from a palatalised version of the Mongolian and Turkic", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69b": " the Mongolian and Turkic word tenggis, meaning \"ocean\", \"oceanic\" or \"wide-spreading\".", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69c": " the Mongolian and Turkic", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69d": " the Mongolian and Turkic", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69e": "atalised version of the Mongolian and Turkic", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b78": " Chinese", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b79": " Chinese", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7a": " Chinese", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7b": " Chinese", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7c": " Chinese", "5726d8bd708984140094d35b": " its root word pharma which was a term used since the 15th\u201317", "5726d8bd708984140094d35c": " The pharma (as it was referred to) often operated through a retail shop", "5726d8bd708984140094d35d": " the original Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison", "5726d8bd708984140094d35e": "The word pharmacy is derived from its root word pharma which was a term used since the 15th\u201317", "5726d8bd708984140094d35f": " its root word pharma which was a term used since the 15th\u201317", "5726d9935951b619008f7fed": " Pharmacists", "5726d9935951b619008f7fee": " healthcare", "5726d9935951b619008f7fef": " healthcare professionals with specialised education and training who perform various roles to ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines. Pharmacists", "5726d9935951b619008f7ff0": " Pharmacists", "5726d9935951b619008f7ff1": " healthcare professionals", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b2": " General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC)", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b3": " General Pharmaceutical Council", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b4": " General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC)", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b5": " General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC)", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b6": " General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC) register.", "5726db5add62a815002e92d5": " Greek physician Pedanius Dios", "5726db5add62a815002e92d6": " The title coined the term materia medica", "5726db5add62a815002e92d7": " The title coined the term materia medica", "5726db5add62a815002e92d4": " Diocles of Carystus", "5726db5add62a815002e92d8": " Diocles of Carystus", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9320": " Taih\u014d Code (701) and re-stated in the Y\u014dr", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9321": " Taih\u014d Code (701) and re-stated in the Y\u014dr", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9322": "Heian Imperial court were established; and this organizational structure remained largely intact until the Meiji Restoration", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9323": " Taih\u014d Code (701) and re-stated in the Y\u014dr", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9324": "Heian Imperial court were established; and this organizational structure remained largely intact until the Meiji Restoration", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee04": "The advances made in the Middle East in botany and chemistry", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee05": "The advances made in the Middle East in botany and chemistry", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee06": "-Wafid (1008\u20131074), both of which were printed in Latin", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee08": "The advances made in the Middle East in botany and chemistry", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee07": "The advances made in the Middle East in botany and chemistry led medicine in medieval Islam substantially to develop pharmacology.", "5726deed5951b619008f80c5": " Dubrovnik", "5726deed5951b619008f80c6": " Dubrovnik", "5726deed5951b619008f80c7": " Dubrovnik", "5726deed5951b619008f80c8": " Dubrovnik", "5726deed5951b619008f80c9": " Dubrovnik", "5726e08e5951b619008f810f": " pharmacy", "5726e08e5951b619008f8110": " pharmacists stayed within the dispensary compounding/dispensing medications, there has been an increasing trend towards the use of trained pharmacy technicians", "5726e08e5951b619008f8111": " pharmacist spends more time communicating with patients. Pharmacy technicians are now more dependent upon automation", "5726e08e5951b619008f8112": " Pharmacy technicians are now more dependent upon automation to assist them in their new role dealing with patients' prescriptions and patient safety issues", "5726e08e5951b619008f8113": " pharmacy technicians", "5726e179dd62a815002e93ae": " clinical pharmacists", "5726e179dd62a815002e93af": " pharmacy school through a pharmacy practice residency and sometimes followed by another residency in a specific area. Those pharmacists are often referred to as clinical pharmacists", "5726e179dd62a815002e93b0": " pharmacy school through a pharmacy practice residency and sometimes followed by another residency in a specific area. Those pharmacists are often referred to as clinical pharmacists", "5726e179dd62a815002e93b1": " clinical pharmacists", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb2": "-dose, or a single dose of medicine.", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb3": "-dose, or a single dose of medicine.", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb4": "-dose, or a single dose of medicine.", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb5": "dose, or a single dose of medicine.", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb6": "-dose, or a single dose of medicine.", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9404": " Clinical pharmacists", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9405": " clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9406": " clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics.", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9407": " clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9408": " clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics.", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cb": " adverse drug reactions, and assess patient drug allergies", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cc": " clinical pharmacist", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cd": " clinical pharmacist", "5726e5c95951b619008f81ce": " adverse drug reactions, and assess patient drug allergies", "5726e985dd62a815002e94da": " pharmacist clinicians are given collaborative prescriptive and diagnostic authority. In 2011 the board of Pharmaceutical Specialties", "5726e985dd62a815002e94db": " North Carolina and New Mexico these pharmacist clinicians are given collaborative prescriptive and diagnostic authority", "5726e985dd62a815002e94dc": " specialty certification exam will be Board Certified Ambulatory Care Pharmacist", "5726e985dd62a815002e94dd": "ACP", "5726e985dd62a815002e94de": "acist clinicians are given collaborative prescriptive and diagnostic authority. In 2011 the board of Pharmaceutical Specialties", "5726ea985951b619008f8261": " Traditionally consultant pharmacists were usually independent business owners, though in the United States many now work for several large pharmacy management companies", "5726ea985951b619008f8262": " pharmacy management companies", "5726ea985951b619008f8263": " Traditionally consultant pharmacists were usually independent business owners, though in the United States many now work for several large pharmacy management companies", "5726ea985951b619008f8264": "ognitive services\") than on actual dispensing of drugs. Consultant pharmacists most typically work in nursing homes", "5726ea985951b619008f8265": " pharmacy", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826b": " been", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826c": " community pharmacies, and in fact, many of them are actually operated by brick-and-mortar community pharmacies", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826d": " community pharmacies, and in fact, many of them are actually operated by brick-and-mortar community pharmacies", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826e": " community pharmacies, and in fact, many of them are actually operated by brick-and-mortar community pharmacies", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826f": " community pharmacies", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00c": " \"inconvenience\" of visiting a doctor or to obtain medications which their doctors were unwilling to prescribe.", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00d": " \"inconvenience\" of visiting a doctor or to obtain medications which their doctors were unwilling to prescribe.", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00e": " \"inconvenience\" of visiting a doctor or to obtain medications which their doctors were unwilling to prescribe.", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00f": " \"inconvenience\" of visiting a doctor or to obtain medications which their doctors were unwilling to prescribe.", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f010": " \"inconvenience\" of visiting a doctor or to obtain medications which their doctors were unwilling to prescribe.", "5726edecdd62a815002e957e": " hydrocodone) via the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor/practitioner who has an established doctor-patient relationship.", "5726edecdd62a815002e957f": " hydrocodone) via the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor/practitioner who has an established doctor-patient relationship.", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05e": " hydrocodone) via the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor/practitioner who has an established doctor-patient relationship.", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05f": " hydrocodone) via the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor/practitioner who has an established doctor-patient relationship.", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f060": " individual state laws outline what defines a valid patient-doctor relationship.", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f061": " hydrocodone) via the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor/practitioner who has an established doctor-patient relationship.", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f062": " hydrocodone) via the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor/practitioner who has an established doctor-patient relationship.", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f7": " Food and Drug Administration (F", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f8": " Food and Drug Administration (F", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f9": " Food and Drug Administration (F", "5726f0e35951b619008f82fa": " Food and Drug Administration (F", "5726f0e35951b619008f82fb": " Food and Drug Administration (F", "5726f2375951b619008f830f": "aticists work in many practice areas of pharmacy, however, they may also work in information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor", "5726f2375951b619008f8310": "aticists work in many practice areas of pharmacy, however, they may also work in information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor", "5726f2375951b619008f8311": "aticists work in many practice areas of pharmacy, however, they may also work in information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor", "5726f2375951b619008f8312": " information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor", "5726f2375951b619008f8313": "aticists work in many practice areas of pharmacy, however, they may also work in information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor", "5726f36cdd62a815002e95fe": " 19 of 28 newly FDA approved medications in 2013 being specialty drugs", "5726f36cdd62a815002e95ff": " 19 of 28 newly FDA approved medications in 2013 being specialty drugs", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9600": " rheumatoid arthritis.", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9601": " rheumatoid arthritis.", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9602": " rheumatoid arthritis. Unlike a traditional community pharmacy where prescriptions for any common medication can be brought in and filled, specialty pharmacies carry novel medications", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0da": " the American Medical Association (AMA) Code of Ethics provides that physicians may dispense drugs within their office practices as long", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0db": " the American Medical Association (AMA)", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dc": " the American Medical Association (AMA) Code of Ethics provides that physicians may disp", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dd": " 10 percent of American physicians practices reportedly dispense drugs on their own.", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0de": " the American Medical Association (AMA) Code of Ethics provides that physicians may dispense drugs within their office practices as long", "5726f635dd62a815002e9657": " rural area and that there is also a specified, minimum distance (currently 1.6 kilometres) between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy.", "5726f635dd62a815002e9656": " rural area and that there is also a specified, minimum distance (currently 1.6 kilometres) between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy.", "5726f635dd62a815002e9658": " rural area and that there is also a specified, minimum distance (currently 1.6 kilometres) between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy.", "5726f635dd62a815002e9659": " rural area and that there is also a specified, minimum distance (currently 1.6 kilometres) between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy.", "5726f7715951b619008f838d": " the physician has a financial self-interest in \"diagnosing\" as many conditions as possible, and in exaggerating their seriousness, because he or", "5726f7715951b619008f838e": " the physician has a financial self-interest in \"diagnosing\" as many conditions as possible, and in exaggerating their seriousness, because he or", "5726f7715951b619008f838f": " cost-effective medication and avoiding the unnecessary use of medication that may have side-effects. This system reflects much similarity to the checks and balances system", "5726f7715951b619008f8391": " cost-effective medication and avoiding the unnecessary use of medication that may have side-effects. This system reflects much similarity to the checks and balances system", "5726f7715951b619008f8390": " cost-effective medication and avoiding the unnecessary use of medication that may have side-effects. This system reflects much similarity to the checks and balances system", "5726f868dd62a815002e9684": " Medication Therapy", "5726f868dd62a815002e9685": " Medication Therapy Management (MTM)", "5726f868dd62a815002e9686": " The result is a reconciliation of medication and patient education", "5726f868dd62a815002e9687": " Medication Therapy Management (MTM) includes the clinical services", "5726f868dd62a815002e9688": " The result is a reconciliation of medication and patient education", "5726f96ddd62a815002e9698": " pharmacy education", "5726f96ddd62a815002e9699": "Medschecks in Ontario). In the United Kingdom, pharmacists who undertake additional training are obtaining prescribing rights and this is because of pharmacy education", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969a": " pharmacy education", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969b": " pharmacy education", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969c": " pharmacy education", "5726fa525951b619008f83f7": " Bowl of Hygieia", "5726fa525951b619008f83f8": " Bowl of Hygieia", "5726fa525951b619008f83f9": " globe was also used until the early 20th century. Pharmacy organizations often use other symbols, such as the Bowl of Hygieia", "5726fa525951b619008f83fa": " Bowl of Hygieia", "5726fa525951b619008f83fb": " Bowl of Hygieia", "5726e65e708984140094d53d": " innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system", "5726e65e708984140094d53e": " healthy tissue.", "5726e65e708984140094d53f": " immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "5726e65e708984140094d540": " immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efda": " innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdb": " healthy tissue.", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdc": " immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "5728eff82ca10214002daadc": " innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.", "5728eff82ca10214002daadd": "The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "5728eff82ca10214002daade": " healthy tissue.", "5728eff82ca10214002daadf": " innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system", "572a14af3f37b319004786c1": " innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.", "572a14af3f37b319004786c3": " healthy tissue.", "572a14af3f37b319004786c2": " immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "572a14af3f37b319004786c4": " innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system", "5726eb785951b619008f8275": "ive (or acquired) immunity", "5726eb785951b619008f8276": "ive (or acquired) immunity", "5726eb785951b619008f8277": "ive (or acquired) immunity", "5726eb785951b619008f8278": "ive (or acquired) immunity", "572a135daf94a219006aa79f": "ive (or acquired) immunity", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a0": "ive (or acquired) immunity", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a1": "ive (or acquired) immunity", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a2": "ive (or acquired) immunity", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe2": " hyperactive immune system", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe3": " hyperactive immune system", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe4": " hyperactive immune system", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe5": " hyperactive immune system", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe6": " hyperactive immune system", "5728f2e26aef051400154896": " hyperactive immune system", "5728f2e26aef051400154897": " autoimmunity results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms", "5728f2e26aef051400154898": " hyperactive immune system", "5728f2e26aef051400154899": " hyperactive immune system", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f166": " miasma", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f167": " miasma", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f168": " miasma", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f169": " yellow fever", "5728f3724b864d1900165116": " yellow fever", "5728f3724b864d1900165117": " yellow fever", "5728f3724b864d1900165118": " yellow fever virus by Walter Reed", "5728f3724b864d1900165119": " miasma", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16e": " adaptive immune system", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16f": " immune system", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f170": " adaptive immune system", "5728f6446aef0514001548e4": " adaptive immune system", "5728f6446aef0514001548e5": " adaptive immune system", "5728f6446aef0514001548e6": " physical barriers prevent pathogens such as bacteria and viruses from entering the organism.", "5728f6446aef0514001548e7": " adaptive immune system", "5728f7774b864d190016512e": " foreign substances by the immune system. Conversely, non-self molecules are those recognized as foreign molecules.", "5728f7774b864d190016512f": " adaptive", "5728f7774b864d1900165130": " adaptive", "5728f7774b864d1900165131": " adaptive", "5728f7774b864d1900165132": " adaptive", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5a": "Microorganisms or toxins", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5b": " innate immune system is the dominant system of host defense", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5c": " innate immune system.", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5d": " the dominant system of host defense", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6a": " coughing and sneezing mechanically eject pathogens and other irritants from the respiratory tract. The flushing", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6b": " coughing and sneezing mechanically eject pathogens and other irritants from the respiratory tract. The flushing", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6c": " coughing and sneezing mechanically eject pathogens and other irritants from the respiratory tract. The flushing action of tears and urine", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6d": " coughing and sneezing mechanically eject pathogens and other irritants from the respiratory tract. The flushing action of tears and urine", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6e": " coughing and sneezing mechanically eject pathogens and other irritants from the respiratory tract. The flushing action of tears and urine", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec7": "ical barriers also protect against infection. The skin and respiratory tract secrete antimicrobial peptides such as the \u03b2-defensins", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec8": "ical barriers also protect against infection. The skin and respiratory tract secrete antimicrobial peptides such as the \u03b2-defensins.", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec9": "ical barriers also protect against infection. The skin and respiratory tract secrete antimicrobial peptides such as the \u03b2-defensins.", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9eca": "ical barriers also protect against infection. The skin and respiratory tract secrete antimicrobial peptides such as the \u03b2-defensins.", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ecb": "ical barriers also protect against infection. The skin and respiratory tract secrete antimicrobial peptides such as the \u03b2-defensins.", "5728fd206aef05140015494c": " pH or available iron", "5728fd206aef05140015494d": " oral antibiotics can lead to an \"overgrowth\" of fungi and cause conditions such", "5728fd206aef05140015494e": " oral antibiotics can lead to an \"overgrowth\" of fungi and cause conditions such", "5728fd206aef05140015494f": " pH or available iron", "572900f73f37b31900477f69": "oxic factors may also be released. These cytok", "572900f73f37b31900477f6a": "Inflammation is one of the first responses of the immune system to infection.", "572900f73f37b31900477f6b": "oxic factors may also be released. These cytok", "572900f73f37b31900477f6c": " fever and the dilation", "572900f73f37b31900477f6d": "oxic factors may also be released. These cytok", "572905ce1d04691400778f83": " digestive enzymes or following a respiratory burst that releases free radicals into the phagolysosome. Phagocytosis", "572905ce1d04691400778f84": " digestive enzymes or following a respiratory burst that releases free radicals into the phagolysosome. Phagocytosis", "572905ce1d04691400778f85": " digestive enzymes or following a respiratory burst that releases free radicals into the phagolysosome. Phagocytosis", "572905ce1d04691400778f86": " digestive enzymes", "572905ce1d04691400778f87": " digestive enzymes or following a respiratory burst that releases free radicals into the phagolysosome. Phagocytosis", "5729081d3f37b31900477fab": " chemotaxis, and are usually the first cells to arrive at the scene of infection. Mac", "5729081d3f37b31900477fac": " 50% to 60% of the total circulating leukocytes. During the acute phase of inflammation, particularly as a result", "5729081d3f37b31900477fad": " chemotaxis, and are usually the first cells to arrive at the scene of infection. Mac", "5729081d3f37b31900477fae": " chemotaxis, and are usually the first cells to arrive at the scene of infection. Mac", "5729081d3f37b31900477faf": " regulatory factors such as interleukin 1.", "572908c13f37b31900477fbd": " adaptive", "572908c13f37b31900477fbe": "celled organisms and are the second arm of the innate immune system.", "572908c13f37b31900477fbf": " adaptive immune system", "572908c13f37b31900477fc0": " innate immune system.", "5729efab3f37b319004785cf": " neuronal", "5729efab3f37b319004785d0": " neuronal dendrites", "5729efab3f37b319004785d1": " neuronal", "5729efab3f37b319004785d2": " innate and adaptive immune systems, as they present antig", "5729f06f1d04691400779674": " killer cell immunoglobulin receptors (KIR) which essentially put the brakes on NK cells.", "5729f06f1d04691400779673": " MHC I (major histocompatibility complex) \u2013 a situation that can arise in viral infections of host cells.", "5729f06f1d04691400779675": " MHC", "5729f06f1d04691400779676": " killer cell immunoglobulin receptors (KIR)", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e1": " signature antigen. The adaptive immune response is antigen-specific and requires the recognition of specific \"non-self\" antigens", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e2": " signature antigen. The adaptive immune response is antigen-specific and requires the recognition of specific \"non-self\" antig", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e3": " adaptive immune system", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d3": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells that recognize intact antig", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d4": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells that recognize intact antig", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d5": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells that recognize intact antig", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d6": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells that recognize intact antig", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d7": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells that recognize intact antigens that are not bound to M", "5729f39a6aef05140015514c": "iller T cells are a sub-group of T cells that kill cells that are infected with viruses (and other", "5729f39a6aef05140015514e": "TCR) binds to this specific antigen in a complex with the MHC Class I receptor of another cell. Recognition of this M", "5729f39a6aef05140015514d": "TCR) binds to this specific antigen in a complex with the M", "5729f39a6aef051400155150": "TCR) binds to this specific antigen in a complex with the MHC Class I receptor of another cell. Recognition of this M", "5729f39a6aef05140015514f": " MHC Class I receptor of another cell. Recognition of this MHC:antigen", "5729f4b41d0469140077968b": " killer T cells, meaning many receptors (around 200\u2013300) on the helper T cell must be bound by an MHC:ant", "5729f4b41d0469140077968c": " killer T cells, meaning many receptors (around 200\u2013300) on the helper T cell must be bound by an M", "5729f4b41d0469140077968d": "TCR) that recognize antigen bound to Class II MHC molecules. The MHC:antigen complex", "5729f4b41d0469140077968e": " killer T cells, meaning many receptors (around 200\u2013300) on the helper T cell must be bound by an MHC:ant", "5729f4b41d0469140077968f": " killer T cells, meaning many receptors (around 200\u2013300) on the helper T cell must be bound by an MHC:ant", "5729f5a03f37b31900478605": "TCR) as opposed", "5729f5a03f37b31900478606": "TCR) as opposed", "5729f5a03f37b31900478607": "ma delta T cells (\u03b3\u03b4 T cells) possess an alternative T cell receptor (TCR) as opposed", "5729f5a03f37b31900478608": "TCR) as opposed", "5729f5a03f37b31900478609": " delta T cells (\u03b3\u03b4 T cells) possess an alternative T cell receptor (TCR) as opposed", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6f9": "ic peptides on its surface MHC", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fa": " foreign antigen. This antigen/antib", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fb": " helper T cell, which releases lymphokines", "5729f799af94a219006aa707": "ological", "5729f799af94a219006aa708": "ological", "5729f799af94a219006aa709": " passive short-term memory or active long-term memory", "5729f799af94a219006aa70a": "ological memory can be in the form of either passive short-term memory or active long-term memory", "5729f8516aef05140015516c": " protective passive immunity can also be transferred artificially from one individual to another via antibody-rich serum.", "5729f8516aef05140015516d": " specificities as their mother. Breast milk or colostrum", "5729f8516aef05140015516e": " protective passive immunity can also be transferred artificially from one individual to another via antibody-rich serum.", "5729f8516aef05140015516f": " protective passive immunity can also be transferred artificially from one individual to another via antibody-rich serum.", "5729f9953f37b3190047861f": " sex hormones", "5729f9953f37b31900478620": " autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus strike women preferentially, and their onset often coincides with puberty.", "5729f9953f37b31900478621": " their onset often coincides with puberty. By contrast, male sex hormones such as testosterone seem to be immunosuppressive", "5729f9953f37b31900478622": " puberty. By contrast, male sex hormones such as testosterone seem to be immunosuppressive", "5729fa40af94a219006aa70f": " circadian rhythms, can be affected through the disturbance of natural light", "5729fa40af94a219006aa710": " chronic conditions such as heart disease, chronic pain, and asthma", "5729fa40af94a219006aa711": " active immunizations", "5729fb003f37b31900478627": " progressive decline in hormone", "5729fb003f37b31900478628": " progressive decline in hormone", "5729fb003f37b31900478629": " progressive decline in hormone levels with age is partially responsible", "5729fb003f37b3190047862a": " progressive decline in hormone levels with age is partially responsible for weakened immune responses in aging individuals. Conversely, some hormones are regulated by the immune system", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969d": " MHC class I molecules in a similar way to viral antig", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969e": " MHC class I molecules in a similar way to viral antig", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969f": " killer T cells, sometimes with the assistance of helper T cells. Tumor antig", "5729fc3d1d046914007796a0": " MHC class I molecules in a similar way to viral antig", "5729fd111d046914007796a5": " infectious agent. RNA silencing", "5729fd111d046914007796a6": " infectious agent. RNA silencing", "5729fd111d046914007796a7": " chemical signals", "5729fd111d046914007796a8": " infectious agent. RNA silencing", "5729fd111d046914007796a9": " infectious agent. RNA silencing", "5729fe5c3f37b3190047862f": " the immune system fails to properly distinguish between self and non-self, and attacks part of the body.", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478630": "self, and attacks part of the body. Under normal circumstances, many T cells and antibodies react with \"self\" peptides.", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478631": " autoimmune disorders. Here, the immune system fails to properly distinguish between self and non-self, and attacks part of the body.", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478632": " autoimmune disorders. Here, the immune system fails to properly distinguish between self and non-self, and attacks part of the body.", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa739": " 50 years of", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73a": " 50 years of age due to immunosenescence", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73b": " 50 years of age due to immunosenescence", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73c": " 50 years of", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73d": " 50 years of age due to immunosenescence", "5729ffda1d046914007796af": " B and T cells.", "5729ffda1d046914007796b0": " B and T cells.", "5729ffda1d046914007796b1": " B and T cells.", "5729ffda1d046914007796b2": " infectious disease", "572a019f3f37b31900478643": "The success of any pathogen depends on its ability to elude host immune responses.", "572a019f3f37b31900478644": " physical barriers by secreting enzymes that digest the barrier, for example, by using a type II secretion system.", "572a019f3f37b31900478645": "The success of any pathogen depends on its ability to elude host immune responses.", "572a019f3f37b31900478646": " physical barriers by secreting enzymes that digest the barrier, for example, by using a type II secretion system.", "572a02483f37b3190047864b": " T cells. The self/nonself theory of immunity and the self/nonself vocabulary", "572a02483f37b3190047864c": " T cells. The self/nonself theory of immunity and the self/nonself vocabulary", "572a02483f37b3190047864d": " The self/nonself theory of immunity and the self/nonself vocabulary", "572a02483f37b3190047864e": " T cells. The self/nonself theory of immunity and the self/nonself vocabulary", "572a03086aef0514001551a2": " central obesity, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, and their use must be tightly controlled.", "572a03086aef0514001551a3": " central obesity, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, and their use must be tightly controlled.", "572a03086aef0514001551a4": " the effects of inflammation.", "572a03086aef0514001551a5": " toxic side effects. Immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporin prevent T cells from responding to signals", "572a04d51d046914007796cd": " Inflammation causes a great deal of oxidative stress and the presence of mel", "572a04d51d046914007796ce": " melatonin. Inflammation causes a great deal of oxidative stress and the presence of mel", "572a04d51d046914007796cf": " melatonin. Inflammation causes a great deal of oxidative stress and the presence of mel", "572a04d51d046914007796d0": " melatonin. Inflammation causes a great deal of oxidative stress and the presence of mel", "572a058aaf94a219006aa751": " calcitriol.", "572a058aaf94a219006aa752": " calcitriol. T-cells have a symbiotic relationship with vitamin D.", "572a058aaf94a219006aa753": " calcitriol.", "572a058aaf94a219006aa754": " foreign pathogen, it extends a vitamin D receptor. This is essentially a signaling device", "572a058aaf94a219006aa755": " calcitriol.", "572a06af3f37b31900478667": " Ribonucleases and the RNA interference pathway", "572a06af3f37b31900478668": " defensins", "572a06af3f37b31900478669": " interference pathway", "572a06af3f37b3190047866a": "Pattern recognition receptors are proteins used by nearly all organisms to identify molecules associated with pathogens.", "572a07fc6aef0514001551dc": " distinct lymphocyte-derived molecule has been", "572a07fc6aef0514001551dd": " adaptive immune system occurred in an ancestor of the jawed vertebrates. Many of the classical molecules of the adaptive immune system (e.", "572a07fc6aef0514001551de": " adaptive immune system occurred in an ancestor of the jawed vertebrates. Many of the classical molecules of the adaptive immune system (e.", "572a07fc6aef0514001551df": " adaptive immune system", "572a096e6aef0514001551e4": " adaptive immune system arose with the first vertebrates, as invertebrates do not generate lymphocytes", "572a096e6aef0514001551e5": " Offensive elements of the immune systems", "572a096e6aef0514001551e6": "omponent, adaptive immune system", "572a096e6aef0514001551e7": " adaptive immune system", "572a0a686aef0514001551ec": " Elie Metchnik", "572a0a686aef0514001551ed": "ie Metchnik", "572a0a686aef0514001551ee": " cellular theory of immunity, represented in particular by Elie Met", "572a0a686aef0514001551ef": " The end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20", "572a0a686aef0514001551f0": " The end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f6": " MHC class I molecules", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f7": " MHC class I molecules", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f8": " MHC class I molecules on their surface, thus avoiding detection by killer T cells.", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f9": " MHC class I molecules on their surface, thus avoiding detection by killer T cells.", "572a0bf96aef051400155204": "ensitive", "572a0bf96aef051400155205": "ensitive", "572a0bf96aef051400155206": "ensitive", "572a0bf96aef051400155207": "ensitive", "572a0bf96aef051400155208": "ensitive", "572a0ce11d046914007796fd": " innate immune system is to hide within the cells of their host (also called intracellular", "572a0ce11d046914007796fe": " innate immune system", "572a0ce11d046914007796ff": " innate immune system", "572a0ce11d04691400779700": " innate immune system", "572a0ce11d04691400779701": " innate immune system", "572a0e4b6aef051400155214": " Masking antigens", "572a0e4b6aef051400155215": " adaptive immune system are more complicated. The simplest approach is to rapidly change non-essential epitopes (amino acids and/", "572a0e4b6aef051400155216": " adaptive immune system are more complicated. The simplest approach is to rapidly change non-essential epitopes (amino acids and/", "572a0e4b6aef051400155217": " adaptive immune system are more complicated. The simplest approach is to rapidly change non-essential epitopes (amino acids and/", "572a0f073f37b3190047867f": " transformed cells of tumors express antigens that are not found on normal cells. To the immune system, these antig", "572a0f073f37b31900478680": " transformed cells of tumors express antigens that are not found on normal cells. To the immune system, these antig", "572a0f073f37b31900478681": " tumor antig", "572a0f073f37b31900478682": " transformed cells of tumors express antigens that are not found on normal cells. To the immune system, these antig", "572a0f073f37b31900478683": " transformed cells of tumors express antigens that are not found on normal cells. To the immune system, these antig", "572a10cd6aef051400155222": " Taxol. Computational methods have been developed to predict the immunogenicity of peptides and proteins", "572a10cd6aef051400155223": " neutralizing immune", "572a10cd6aef051400155224": " Taxol. Computational methods have been developed to predict the immunogenicity of peptides and proteins", "572a10cd6aef051400155225": " B cells.", "572a10cd6aef051400155226": " B cells. The emerging field of bioinformat", "572a12386aef051400155234": " adaptive immune response). In addition to these effects, the milieu of hormones produced at this time (leptin, pit", "572a12386aef051400155235": " negative consequences of sleep deprivation, sleep and the intertwined circadian system", "572a12386aef051400155236": " adaptive immune response). In addition to these effects, the milieu of hormones produced at this time (leptin, pit", "572a12386aef051400155237": " adaptive immune response). In addition to these effects, the milieu of hormones produced at this time (leptin, pit", "572a142e3f37b319004786b9": " rapid killing response. The speed of the response is a result of signal amplification", "572a142e3f37b319004786bc": " The speed of the response is a result of signal amplification", "572a142e3f37b319004786ba": " The speed of the response is a result of signal amplification", "572a142e3f37b319004786bb": "tic cascade that amplifies the initial signal by controlled positive feedback", "57271c235951b619008f860b": " the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws.", "57271c235951b619008f860c": " the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws.", "57271c235951b619008f860d": " the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws.", "57271c235951b619008f860e": " the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws.", "57271c235951b619008f860f": " the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws.", "5728d4c03acd2414000dff9f": " the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws.", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa0": " the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws.", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa1": " the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws.", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa2": " the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws.", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa3": " the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws.", "57271f125951b619008f8635": "One of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience is in Sophocles' play Antigone", "57271f125951b619008f8636": " stirring speech in which she tells him that she must obey her conscience rather", "57271f125951b619008f8637": "One of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience is in Sophocles' play Antigone", "57271f125951b619008f8638": "One of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience is in Sophocles' play Antigone", "57271f125951b619008f8639": " Sophocles' play Antigone", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb3": " Sophocles' play Antigone", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb4": " Sophocles' play Antigone", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb5": " stirring speech in which she tells him that she must obey her conscience rather", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb6": " Sophocles' play Antigone", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb7": " Sophocles' play Antigone", "5727213c708984140094da35": " 1819", "5727213c708984140094da36": " 1819, poet Percy Shelley wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy", "5727213c708984140094da38": " Gandhi in his doctrine of Satyagraha. Gandhi's Satyagraha was partially influenced and inspired by Shelley's nonviolence", "5727213c708984140094da39": " Gandhi in his doctrine of Satyagraha. Gandhi's Satyagraha was partially influenced and inspired by Shelley's nonviolence", "5727213c708984140094da37": " 1819, poet Percy Shelley", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f18": " Gandhi in his doctrine of Satyagraha. Gandhi's Satyagraha was partially influenced and inspired by Shelley's nonviolence", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f19": " 1819, poet Percy Shelley wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1a": " the principle of nonviolent protest", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1c": " Gandhi in his doctrine of Satyagraha. Gandhi's Satyagraha was partially influenced and inspired by Shelley's nonviolence", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1b": " the principle of nonviolent protest", "572726c9708984140094da7b": " Marshall Cohen", "572726c9708984140094da7e": " the term \"civil disobedience\" has always suffered from ambiguity and in modern times, become utterly debased. Marshall Cohen", "572726c9708984140094da7c": " Marshall Cohen", "572726c9708984140094da7d": " Marshall Cohen", "5728d6f02ca10214002da90e": " the term \"civil disobedience\" has always suffered from ambiguity and in modern times, become utterly debased. Marshall Cohen", "5728d6f02ca10214002da90f": " Marshall Cohen", "5728d6f02ca10214002da910": " Marshall Cohen", "5728d6f02ca10214002da911": " Marshall Cohen", "5728d6f02ca10214002da912": " Marshall Cohen", "572807802ca10214002d9bf8": "Grande", "572807802ca10214002d9bf9": "the formulation of a single", "572807802ca10214002d9bfa": " single", "572807802ca10214002d9bfb": "the formulation of a single", "572807802ca10214002d9bfc": " single", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4c": "Grande", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4d": "Grande writes that \"the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult, if not impossible.", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4e": "Grande writes that \"the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult, if not impossible.", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4f": "Grande writes that \"the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult, if not impossible.", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f50": "Grande writes that \"the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult, if not impossible.", "57280f974b864d1900164370": "Civil disobedience is usually defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation to the state and its laws, as distinguished from a constitutional impasse", "57280f974b864d1900164371": " constitutional impasse", "57280f974b864d1900164372": " constitutional impasse", "57280f974b864d1900164373": " constitutional impasse", "57280f974b864d1900164374": " constitutional impasse", "5728d9403acd2414000e001b": " constitutional impasse", "5728d9403acd2414000e001c": " constitutional impasse", "5728d9403acd2414000e001d": " constitutional impasse", "5728d9403acd2414000e001e": " constitutional impasse", "5728d9403acd2414000e001f": " constitutional impasse", "572812e74b864d19001643ce": " the government knocks on the door, it is an individual in the form of a postman or tax collector whose hand hits the wood.", "572812e74b864d19001643cf": " the government knocks on the door, it is an individual in the form of a postman", "572812e74b864d19001643d0": " the government knocks on the door, it is an individual in the form of a postman", "572812e74b864d19001643d1": " the government knocks on the door, it is an individual in the form of a postman", "572812e74b864d19001643d2": " the form of a postman", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005d": " the government knocks on the door, it is an individual in the form of a postman or tax collector whose hand hits the wood. Before Thore", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005e": " the government knocks on the door, it is an individual in the form of a postman", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005f": " the government knocks on the door, it is an individual in the form of a postman", "5728dafe3acd2414000e0060": " the government knocks on the door, it is an individual in the form of a postman", "5728dafe3acd2414000e0061": " the form of a postman", "5728151b4b864d1900164428": " The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments.", "5728151b4b864d1900164429": " The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations", "5728151b4b864d190016442a": " The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations", "5728151b4b864d190016442b": " The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments.", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0080": " The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0081": " trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects \"a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\".", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e007f": " The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0083": " trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects \"a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\".", "572818f54b864d190016446c": "formed Jury Association", "572818f54b864d190016446d": " Book of Exodus", "572818f54b864d190016446e": "formed Jury Association", "572818f54b864d190016446f": "formed Jury Association", "572818f54b864d1900164470": "formed Jury Association", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d2": "formed Jury Association", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d3": "formed Jury Association", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d4": " Book of Exodus", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d5": " Book of Exodus", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d6": " Jury Association", "57281c594b864d19001644a2": " Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience.", "57281c594b864d19001644a3": " Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience.", "57281c594b864d19001644a4": " Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience.", "57281c594b864d19001644a5": " Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience.", "57281c594b864d19001644a6": " Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience.", "5728df634b864d1900164fe2": " Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience.", "5728df634b864d1900164fe3": " Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience.", "5728df634b864d1900164fe4": " Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience.", "5728df634b864d1900164fe6": " Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience.", "5728202c4b864d19001644ec": " the right espoused in The Declaration of Independence to \"alter or abolish\" an unjust government to be a principle of civil disobedience.", "5728202c4b864d19001644ed": " Gandhi's acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience", "5728202c4b864d19001644ee": " the Hungarians under Ferenc De\u00e1k directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government. Thoreau", "5728202c4b864d19001644ef": " individual", "5728202c4b864d19001644f0": "ary civil disobedience", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00e9": " Revolutionary civil disobedience is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government (or to change cultural traditions, social customs, religious beliefs, etc...revolution doesn", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ea": " Austrian government.", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00eb": " the Hungarians under Ferenc De\u00e1k directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government.", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ec": " Austrian government.", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ed": "ary", "572822233acd2414000df555": " solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "572822233acd2414000df556": " solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "572822233acd2414000df557": " solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "572822233acd2414000df558": " solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "572822233acd2414000df559": " solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0131": " solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0132": " solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0133": " solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0134": " solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0135": " solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "572825a92ca10214002d9efe": "edient act and the objectionable law lays such acts open to the charge of ineffectiveness and absurdity.\" Bed", "572825a92ca10214002d9eff": " social goal (such as the provision of medication to the sick) while openly breaking the law. Julia Butterfly Hill", "572825a92ca10214002d9f00": " social goal (such as the provision of medication to the sick) while openly breaking the law. Julia Butterfly Hill", "572825a92ca10214002d9f01": " Luna", "572825a92ca10214002d9f02": " the name of civil disobedience, which, even if they were widely practiced, would in themselves constitute hardly more than a nuisance (e.", "5728e5224b864d1900165032": " social goal (such as the provision of medication to the sick) while openly breaking the law. Julia Butterfly Hill", "5728e5224b864d1900165033": " social goal (such as the provision of medication to the sick) while openly breaking the law. Julia Butterfly Hill", "5728e5224b864d1900165034": " social goal (such as the provision of medication to the sick) while openly breaking the law. Julia Butterfly Hill", "5728e5224b864d1900165035": " social goal (such as the provision of medication to the sick) while openly breaking the law. Julia Butterfly Hill", "5728e5224b864d1900165036": " Luna", "5728284e3acd2414000df5cd": " Pacifica Foundation. Threatening government officials is another classic way of expressing defiance toward the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies", "5728284e3acd2414000df5ce": " civil disobedience can consist simply of engaging in the forbidden speech. An example would be WBAI", "5728284e3acd2414000df5cf": " the criminalized behavior is pure speech, civil disobedience can consist simply of engaging in the forbidden speech. An example would be WBAI", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d0": " 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d1": "BAI", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0171": " civil disobedience can consist simply of engaging in the forbidden speech. An example would be WBAI", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0172": "thy Words\" from a George Carlin", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0173": " Pacifica Foundation. Threatening government officials is another classic way of expressing defiance toward the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0174": " Pacifica Foundation. Threatening government officials is another classic way of expressing defiance toward the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies", "57282dfb4b864d1900164668": " GCS", "57282dfb4b864d1900164669": " The Plowshares organization temporarily closed GCSB Waihopai", "57282dfb4b864d190016466a": " GCS", "57282dfb4b864d190016466b": " GCSB", "57282dfb4b864d190016466c": " GCS", "5728e715ff5b5019007da914": " GCSB", "5728e715ff5b5019007da916": " GCSB", "5728e715ff5b5019007da917": " GCSB", "5728e715ff5b5019007da918": " GCSB", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6c": " the suspect may need to decide whether or not to grant a consent search of his property, and whether or", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6d": " the suspect may need to decide whether or not to grant a consent search of his property, and whether or", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6e": " the suspect may need to decide whether or not to grant a consent search of his property, and whether or", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6f": " the suspect may need to decide whether or not to grant a consent search of his property, and whether or", "5728e8212ca10214002daa70": " the suspect may need to decide whether or not to grant a consent search of his property, and whether or", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c5": " a violation of criminal law", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c6": " particular government, or don't believe in the legitimacy of a particular law it has enacted. And still other civil disobed", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c7": " particular government, or don't believe in the legitimacy of a particular law it has enacted. And still other civil disobed", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c8": " particular government, or don't believe in the legitimacy of a particular law it has enacted. And still other civil disobed", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c9": " a violation of criminal law", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01d9": "An important decision for civil disobed", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01da": "-UP", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01db": "-UP", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dc": "-UP", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dd": "-UP's Civil Disobedience Training handbook", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650aa": " the Committee for Non-Violent Action sponsored a protest in August 1957", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ab": " August", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ac": " the Committee for Non-Violent Action sponsored a protest in August", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ad": " August", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ae": " the Committee for Non-Violent Action sponsored a protest in August", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97c": " the spirit of protest should be maintained all the way, whether it is done by remaining in jail, or by evading it.", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97d": " the spirit of protest should be maintained all the way, whether it is done by remaining in jail, or by evading it.", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97e": " the spirit of protest should be maintained all the way, whether it is done by remaining in jail, or by evading it.", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97f": " the spirit of protest should be maintained all the way, whether it is done by remaining in jail, or by evading it.", "5728eef92ca10214002daab0": " Mohandas Gandhi", "5728eef92ca10214002daab1": " Mohandas Gandhi", "5728eef92ca10214002daab2": " Mohandas Gandhi", "5728eef92ca10214002daab3": " the prosecution proposes a plea bargain", "5728eef92ca10214002daab4": " Mohandas Gandhi", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e55": " defiant speech", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e56": " 60 days. This action was upheld because, according", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e57": " civil disobedience", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e58": " 60 days. This action was upheld because, according", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e59": " defiant", "5728facd4b864d1900165170": " political defense, while Benjamin Spock used a technical defense.", "5728facd4b864d1900165171": " political defense, while Benjamin Spock used a technical defense.", "5728facd4b864d1900165172": " political defense, while Benjamin Spock used a technical defense.", "5728facd4b864d1900165173": " political defense, while Benjamin Spock used a technical defense.", "5728facd4b864d1900165174": " political defense, while Benjamin Spock used a technical defense.", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef5": " conscientious lawbreakers must be punished. Michael Bayles", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef6": " conscientious lawbreakers must be punished. Michael Bayles", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef7": " conscientious lawbreakers must be punished. Michael Bayles", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef8": " conscientious lawbreakers must be punished. Michael Bayles", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef9": " conscientious lawbreakers must be punished. Michael Bayles", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f11": " political question.", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f12": " political question.", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f13": " political question.", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f14": " political question. The necessity defense has sometimes been used as a shadow defense by civil disobedients", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f15": " the courts ruled it was a political question.", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2b": " Brownlee argues, \"Bringing in deterrence", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2d": " Brownlee argues, \"Bringing in deterrence", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2e": " Brownlee argues, \"Bringing in deterrence", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2f": " Brownlee argues, \"Bringing in deterrence", "57273a465951b619008f86ff": " six to nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries.", "57273a465951b619008f8700": " six to nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries.", "57273a465951b619008f8701": " six to nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries.", "57273a465951b619008f8702": " six to nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries.", "57273a465951b619008f8703": " six to nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries.", "57273cca708984140094db33": " The largest construction projects are referred to as megaprojects.", "57273cca708984140094db34": " The largest construction projects are referred to as megaprojects.", "57273cca708984140094db35": " architect normally manages the job, and a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project manager supervises it.", "57273cca708984140094db36": " An architect normally manages the job, and a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project manager supervises it.", "57273cca708984140094db37": " The largest construction projects are referred to as megaprojects.", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4fe": " Building construction is usually further divided into residential and non-", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4ff": " Industrial includes refineries, process chemical, power generation, mills and manufacturing plants.", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f500": " Building construction is usually further divided into residential and non-", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f501": " heavy/highway, heavy civil or heavy engineering. It includes large public works, dams, bridges, highways, water/wast", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f502": " Industrial includes refineries, process chemical, power generation, mills and manufacturing", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a02": "ENR) is a trade magazine for the construction industry", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a03": "ering News", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a04": "Engineering News", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a05": "Engineering News", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0a": " building construction, heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors. There are also categories for construction service firms (e.", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0b": " engineering, architecture) and construction managers (firms engaged in managing construction projects without assuming direct financial responsibility for completion of the construction project).", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0c": " engineering, architecture) and construction managers (f", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0d": " the differences of companies", "57274046dd62a815002e9a12": " financial, estimating and legal considerations, many projects of varying sizes reach undesirable end results, such as structural collapse, cost overruns, and/", "57274046dd62a815002e9a13": " financial, estimating and legal considerations, many projects of varying sizes reach undesirable end results, such as structural collapse, cost overruns, and/", "57274046dd62a815002e9a14": " financial, estimating and legal considerations, many projects of varying sizes reach undesirable end results, such as structural collapse, cost overruns, and/", "57274046dd62a815002e9a15": " financial, estimating and legal considerations, many projects of varying sizes reach undesirable end results, such as structural collapse, cost overruns, and/", "57274046dd62a815002e9a16": " financial, estimating and legal considerations, many projects of varying sizes reach undesirable end results, such as structural collapse, cost overruns, and/", "572742bd5951b619008f8785": " local building authority regulations and codes of practice. Materials readily available in the area generally dictate the construction materials used (e.", "572742bd5951b619008f8786": "idential construction practices, technologies, and resources", "572742bd5951b619008f8787": " local building authority regulations and codes of practice. Materials readily available in the area generally dictate the construction materials used (e.", "572742bd5951b619008f8788": "idential construction", "572744aff1498d1400e8f588": " additive building construction, similar to the additive manufacturing techniques", "572744aff1498d1400e8f589": " additive building construction, similar to the additive manufacturing techniques for manufactured parts, building printing is making it possible to flexibly construct small commercial buildings and private habit", "572744aff1498d1400e8f58a": " Dutch architect Janjaap Ru", "572744aff1498d1400e8f58b": " additive building construction, similar to the additive manufacturing techniques", "572745c6708984140094db9a": " The design team is most commonly employed by (i.", "572745c6708984140094db99": " formal design team may be assembled to plan the physical proceedings, and to integrate those proceedings with the other parts.", "572745c6708984140094db9b": " the property owner", "572745c6708984140094db9c": " quantity surveyor", "572745c6708984140094db9d": " civil engineers, mechanical engineers, electrical engineers, structural engineers, fire protection engineers, planning consultants, architectural consultants, and archaeological consultants.", "57274e0d708984140094dbe5": "The modern trend in design is toward", "57274e0d708984140094dbe6": " specialties, especially among large firms. In the past, architects, interior designers, engineers, developers, construction managers", "57274e0d708984140094dbe7": "design build\" contract", "57274e0d708984140094dbe8": "design build\" contract where the contractor is given a performance specification and must undertake the project from design to construction, while adhering to the performance", "57274e975951b619008f87f9": " design-build, partnering and construction management", "57274e975951b619008f87fa": " design-build, partnering and construction management", "57274e975951b619008f87fb": " project structures can assist the owner in this integration, including design-build, partnering and construction management", "57274f67708984140094dbf5": " Cash flow", "57274f67708984140094dbf6": " Cash flow problems", "57274f67708984140094dbf7": " Financial planning", "57274f67708984140094dbf8": " Cash flow", "5727502f708984140094dc07": "gage bankers, accountants, and cost engineers", "5727502f708984140094dc08": " the owner's equity in the property is the most obvious", "5727502f708984140094dc09": "Mortgage bankers, accountants, and cost engineers", "5727502f708984140094dc0b": " Cost overruns with government projects have occurred when the", "5727502f708984140094dc0a": "gage bankers, accountants, and cost engineers", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af0": " legal requirements come from malum in se considerations, or the desire to prevent things that are indisputably bad \u2013 bridge collapses or explosions.", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af1": " legal requirements come from malum in se considerations, or the desire to prevent things that are indisputably bad \u2013 bridge collapses or explosions.", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af2": " the desire to prevent things that are indisputably bad \u2013 bridge collapses or explosions. Other legal requirements come from malum prohibitum", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af3": " the desire to prevent things that are indisputably bad \u2013 bridge collapses or explosions. Other legal requirements come from malum prohibitum", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af4": "the bridge", "572751b4708984140094dc1b": " construction project", "572751b4708984140094dc1c": "A construction project", "572751b4708984140094dc1d": "A construction", "572751b4708984140094dc1e": " is capable of performing the obligations set out. Contracts that set out clear expectations and clear paths to accomplishing those expectations", "572751b4708984140094dc1f": "A construction project", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0e": " other stakeholders within a construction project. New forms include partnering such as Public-Private Partnering (PPPs) aka private finance initiatives", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0f": " other stakeholders within a construction project. New forms include partnering such as Public-Private Partnering (PPPs) aka private finance initiatives", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b10": " other stakeholders within a construction project. New forms include partnering such as Public-Private Partnering (PPPs) aka private finance initiatives", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b11": " other stakeholders within a construction project. New forms include partnering such as Public-Private Partnering (PPPs) aka private finance initiatives", "572753335951b619008f8853": " direct contractual links between the architect's client and the main contractor", "572753335951b619008f8854": " the architect or engineer acts as the project coordinator. His or her role is to design the works, prepare the specifications and produce construction", "572753335951b619008f8855": " client and the main contractor", "572753335951b619008f8856": " main contractor. Any subcontractor has a direct contractual", "572753335951b619008f8857": " the architect or engineer acts as the project coordinator. His or", "57275411dd62a815002e9b30": "The owner produces a list of requirements for a project, giving an overall view of the project's", "57275411dd62a815002e9b31": " D&B contractors present different ideas about how to accomplish these goals. The owner selects the ideas he or", "57275411dd62a815002e9b32": " one contractor, but a consortium of several contractors", "57275411dd62a815002e9b33": " D&B contractors present different ideas about how to accomplish these goals. The owner selects the ideas he or", "57275411dd62a815002e9b34": " D&B contractors present different ideas about how to accomplish these goals. The owner selects the ideas he or", "572754fff1498d1400e8f660": " municipal building inspector inspects the building periodically to ensure that the construction adheres to the approved plans and the local building code.", "572754fff1498d1400e8f661": " municipal building inspector inspects the building periodically to ensure that the construction adheres to the approved plans and the local building code.", "572754fff1498d1400e8f662": " municipal building inspector inspects the building periodically to ensure that the construction adheres to the approved plans and the local building code.", "572754fff1498d1400e8f663": " municipal building inspector inspects the building periodically to ensure that the construction ad", "572754fff1498d1400e8f664": " municipal building inspector inspects the building periodically to ensure that the construction adheres to the approved plans and the local building code.", "572755b7708984140094dc4d": " 667,000 firms employing 1 million contractors (200,000 general contractors, 38,000 heavy, and 432", "572755b7708984140094dc4e": " 667,000 firms employing 1 million contractors (200,000 general contractors, 38,000 heavy, and 432", "572755b7708984140094dc4f": " 6", "572755b7708984140094dc50": " 667,000 firms employing 1 million", "572755b7708984140094dc51": " the industry in 2014 has around $", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f674": " \u00a342,090, compared to \u00a326,7", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f675": "42,090, compared to \u00a326,7", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f676": " 14 or more years experience working in the Middle East earn on average \u00a343,389 per annum, compared to \u00a340", "572756fe708984140094dc71": "Construction", "572756fe708984140094dc72": " Falls", "572756fe708984140094dc73": " the construction industry. Other major causes of fatalities in the construction industry include electrocution, transportation accidents, and trench cave-ins", "572756fe708984140094dc74": " Falls are one of the most common causes of fatal and non-f", "572746addd62a815002e9a5e": "Private schools, also known as independent schools, non-governmental, or nonstate schools", "572746addd62a815002e9a5f": "Private schools, also known as independent schools, non-governmental, or nonstate schools", "572746addd62a815002e9a60": " not", "572746addd62a815002e9a61": " national governments; thus, they retain the right to select their students and are funded in whole or in part by charging their students tuition, rather", "57274712708984140094dbad": " the use of the term is generally restricted to primary and secondary educational levels; it is almost never used of universities and other tertiary institutions. Private education", "57274712708984140094dbae": " the use of the term is generally restricted to primary and secondary educational levels; it is almost never used of universities and other tertiary institutions. Private education", "57274712708984140094dbaf": " the use of the term is generally restricted to primary and secondary educational levels; it is almost never used of universities and other tertiary institutions. Private education", "57274712708984140094dbb0": " the use of the term is generally restricted to primary and secondary educational levels; it is almost never used of universities and other tertiary institutions. Private education", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59a": " Tuition at private secondary schools varies from school to", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59b": " Tuition at private secondary schools varies from school to", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59c": " Tuition at private secondary schools varies from school to", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59d": " Tuition at private secondary schools varies from school to", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59e": " Tuition at private secondary schools varies from school to", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a4": " denomination as more of a general label to describe on what the founders based their belief, while still maintaining a fine distinction between academics and religion", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a5": " denomination as more of a general label to describe on what the founders based their belief, while still maintaining a fine distinction between academics and religion", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a6": " denomination as more of a general label to describe on what the founders based their belief, while still maintaining a fine distinction between academics and religion", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a82": " blazer", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a83": " blazer", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a84": " social status of the 'old school tie'; better quality physical infrastructure and more facilities (e.", "57274971708984140094dbbb": " religious", "57274971708984140094dbbc": " religious", "57274971708984140094dbbd": " religious", "57274971708984140094dbbe": " religious", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9a": " Article 7, Paragraph 4 of the Gru", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9b": " unusual protection of private schools was implemented to protect these schools from a second Gleichschaltung or similar event in the future.", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9c": " 6.1% to 7.8%", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9d": " 6.1% to 7.8%", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9e": " unusual protection of private schools was implemented to protect these schools from a second Gleichschaltung or similar event in the future.", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bc": " Private Schools became insol", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bd": " the freedom to operate completely outside of government regulation. Teachers at Ers", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5be": " the freedom to operate completely outside of government regulation. Teachers at Ers", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d4": " religious groups and offer a type of education which is not available at public schools. Most of these schools are vocational schools", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d5": " religious groups and offer a type of education which is not available at public schools. Most of these schools are vocational schools", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d6": " religious groups and offer a type of education which is not available at public schools. Most of these schools are vocational schools", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d7": " religious groups and offer a type of education which is not available at public schools. Most of these schools are vocational schools", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e4": " aided or an unaided school. So, in a strict sense, a private school is an una", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e5": "urrent list of legislative subjects", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e6": " CBSE and the CIS", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e7": " aided or an unaided school. So, in a strict sense, a private school is an una", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa4": " (a form of license) from the government.", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa5": " (a form of license) from the government.", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa6": " (a form of license) from the government.", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa7": " (a form of license) from the government.", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa8": " local language", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aae": " religious order, i.", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aaf": " religious order, i.", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab0": " religious order, i.e., the Society of Jesus or Congregation of Christian Brothers, etc.", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab1": " religious order, i.e., the Society of Jesus or Congregation of Christian Brothers, etc.", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab2": " religious order, i.e., the Society of Jesus or Congregation of Christian Brothers, etc.", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f6": " the government instructed all schools to surrender their properties and be assimilated into the National School system.", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f7": " English-medium schools", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f8": " English-medium schools", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f9": " Chinese as the medium of instruction, Chinese secondary schools are required to change into English-medium schools", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5fa": " Chinese as the medium of instruction, Chinese secondary schools are required to change into English-medium schools", "57274e145951b619008f87e7": " Galaxy Public School in Kathmandu", "57274e145951b619008f87e8": " Galaxy Public School in Kathmandu", "57274e145951b619008f87e9": " the Galaxy Public School in Kathmandu", "57274e145951b619008f87ea": " Galaxy Public School in Kathmandu", "57274e145951b619008f87eb": " the Galaxy Public School in Kathmandu", "57274eca5951b619008f87ff": " 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population.", "57274eca5951b619008f8800": " 88 private schools in New Zealand, catering for around", "57274eca5951b619008f8801": " 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population.", "57274eca5951b619008f8802": " State-integrated schools keep their private school special character and receives state funds in return for having to operate like a state school", "57274eca5951b619008f8803": " 88 private schools in New Zealand, catering for around 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population.", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61e": " Academic Colleges Group is a recent group of private schools run as a business, with schools throughout Auckland", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61f": " Academic Colleges Group", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f620": " Academic Colleges Group", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f621": " Academic Colleges Group is a recent group of private schools run as a business, with schools throughout Auckland", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f622": " Academic Colleges Group is a recent group of private schools", "5727500f708984140094dbfd": " the private sector has been", "5727500f708984140094dbfe": " the private sector has been", "5727500f708984140094dbff": " the private sector has been", "5727500f708984140094dc00": " the private sector has been", "5727500f708984140094dc01": " English, mathematics and natural science", "572750df5951b619008f882f": " Tuition Fee Supplement is geared to students enrolled in priority courses", "572750df5951b619008f8830": " Tuition Fee Supplement is geared to students enrolled in priority courses", "572750df5951b619008f8831": "The Education Service Contracting scheme", "5727515f708984140094dc11": " the laws governing private education in South Africa changed significantly. The South African Schools Act of 1996", "5727515f708984140094dc12": " the laws governing private education in South Africa changed significantly. The South African Schools Act of 1996", "5727515f708984140094dc13": " the laws governing private education in South Africa changed significantly. The South African Schools Act of 1996", "5727515f708984140094dc14": " The private sector has grown ever since.", "5727515f708984140094dc15": " private church schools that were established by missionaries", "57275409708984140094dc35": " private schools", "57275409708984140094dc36": " private schools", "57275409708984140094dc37": " private schools", "572754dd708984140094dc3b": " 10% of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008. Sweden is internationally known for this innovative school voucher", "572754dd708984140094dc3c": " municipal schools. Over 10% of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008. Sweden is internationally known for this innovative school voucher", "572754dd708984140094dc3d": " 10% of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008. Sweden is internationally known for this innovative school voucher", "572754dd708984140094dc3e": " municipal schools. Over 10% of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008. Sweden is internationally known for this innovative school voucher", "572754dd708984140094dc3f": " municipal schools. Over 10% of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008. Sweden is internationally known for this innovative school voucher", "572756265951b619008f886d": " The Good Schools Guide approximately 9 per cent of children being educated in the UK are doing so at fee-paying schools at GSCE level and 13 per", "572756265951b619008f886e": " The Good Schools Guide approximately 9 per cent of children being educated in the UK are doing so at fee-paying schools at GSCE level and 13 per", "572756265951b619008f886f": " The Good Schools Guide approximately 9 per cent of children being educated in the UK are doing so at fee-paying schools at GSCE level and 13 per", "572756265951b619008f8870": " The Good Schools Guide approximately 9 per cent of children being educated in the UK are doing so at fee-paying schools at GSCE level and 13 per", "572756265951b619008f8871": " The Good Schools Guide approximately 9 per cent of children being educated in the UK are doing so at fee-paying schools at GSCE level and 13 per", "572757bef1498d1400e8f690": " academic content of the academies was usually College Preparatory. Since the 1970s, many of these \"segregation acad", "572757bef1498d1400e8f691": " academic content of the academies was usually College Preparatory. Since the 1970s, many of these \"segregation acad", "572757bef1498d1400e8f692": " academic content of the academies was usually College Preparatory. Since the 1970s, many of these \"segregation acad", "572757bef1498d1400e8f693": " academic content of the academies was usually College Preparatory. Since the 1970s, many of these \"segregation acad", "572757bef1498d1400e8f694": " African-American students", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6ae": "religious private schools", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6af": "religious private schools", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b0": "religious private schools", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b1": " individual state Blaine Amendments. Non-religious private schools", "572759665951b619008f8883": "1976); Wisconsin v. Yoder, 406 U.S. 205 (1972); Pierce v", "572759665951b619008f8884": " been", "572759665951b619008f8885": " been", "572759665951b619008f8886": "1976); Wisconsin v. Yoder, 406 U.S. 205 (1972); Pierce v. Society of Sisters, 268 U.S", "572759665951b619008f8887": "1976); Wisconsin v. Yoder, 406 U.S. 205 (1972); Pierce v. Society of Sisters, 268 U.S", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b94": " $40,000 annually for day schools in New York City, and nearly $50,", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b95": " $40,000 annually for day schools in New York City, and nearly $50,", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b96": " substantial tuition, close to $40,000 annually for day schools in New York City, and nearly $50,", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b97": " Groton School had substantial endowments running to hundreds of millions of dollars supplemented by fundraising", "5727aa413acd2414000de921": " Congregationalist and Unitarian clergy. Its curriculum and student body were gradually secularized during the 18th century, and by the 19", "5727aa413acd2414000de922": " 1977 merger with Radcliffe College", "5727aa413acd2414000de923": " Congregationalist and Unitarian clergy. Its curriculum and student body were gradually secularized during the 18th century, and by the 19", "5727aa413acd2414000de924": " Congregationalist and Unitarian clergy. Its curriculum and student body were gradually secularized during the 18th century, and by the 19", "5727aa413acd2414000de925": " Congregationalist and Unitarian clergy. Its curriculum and student body were gradually secularized during the 18th century, and by the 19", "5727aeac3acd2414000de987": " 79 individual libraries with over", "5727aeac3acd2414000de988": " 79 individual libraries with over", "5727aeac3acd2414000de989": " 79 individual libraries with over", "5727aeac3acd2414000de98a": " 79 individual libraries with over", "5727aeac3acd2414000de98b": " 150 Nobel laureates, 18 Fields Medalists and 13 Turing Award winners have been affiliated as students, faculty, or staff.", "5727aec03acd2414000de991": " 209", "5727aec03acd2414000de992": " 209", "5727aec03acd2414000de993": " 209", "5727aec03acd2414000de994": " 209", "5727aec03acd2414000de995": " 209", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c2": " 1636", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c3": " the college was renamed Harvard College after deceased clergyman John Harvard, who was an alumn", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c4": " the college was renamed Harvard College after deceased clergyman John Harvard, who was an alumn", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c5": " the college was renamed Harvard College", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c6": " the college was renamed Harvard College after deceased clergyman John Harvard, who was an alumn", "5727b0892ca10214002d93e8": " Puritan ministers", "5727b0892ca10214002d93e9": " Puritan ministers", "5727b0892ca10214002d93ea": " Puritan ministers", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea99": " Congregationalist ministers, putting those ministers and their congregations in tension with more traditionalist, Calvinist parties", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9a": " Congregationalist ministers, putting those ministers and their congregations in tension with more traditionalist, Calvinist parties", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9b": " liberal Samuel Webber was appointed to the presidency of Harvard", "5727c0402ca10214002d9564": "divine plan\" in all phenomena. When it came to explaining life-forms, Ag", "5727c0402ca10214002d9565": " \"participation in the Divine Nature\" and the possibility of understanding \"intellectual existences\". Agassiz's perspective on science combined observation with intuition", "5727c0402ca10214002d9566": "divine plan\" in all phenomena. When it came to explaining life-forms, Ag", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95ba": "Charles W. Eliot", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bb": "entalist Unitarian convictions. Derived from William Ellery Channing and Ralph Waldo Emerson", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bc": "entalist Unitarian convictions. Derived from William Ellery Channing and Ralph Waldo Emerson", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94ce": " creative scholarship to guarantee its preeminence among research institutions. He saw higher education as a vehicle of opportunity for the talented rather", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94cf": " creative scholarship to guarantee its preeminence among research institutions. He saw higher education as a vehicle of opportunity for the talented rather", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94d0": "James Bryant Conant", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec13": " four men attending Harvard College for every woman studying at Radcliffe. Following the merger of Harvard and Rad", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec14": " four men attending Harvard College for every woman studying at Radcliffe. Following the merger of Harvard and Rad", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec15": " four men attending Harvard College for every woman studying at Radcliffe. Following the merger of Harvard and Rad", "5727c8863acd2414000dec49": " The facilities were made possible by a gift from Yale University alumnus Edward Harkness", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4a": " alumnus Edward Harkness", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4b": " 209", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4c": " The facilities were made possible by a gift from Yale University alumnus Edward Harkness", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9576": " The John W. Weeks Bridge", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9577": " The John W. Weeks Bridge is a pedestrian bridge", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9578": " John W. Weeks Bridge", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d72": "vard has purchased tracts of land in All", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d73": " The university now owns approximately fifty percent more land in Allston than in Cambridge. Proposals to connect the Cambridge campus with the new Allston campus", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d74": " transit", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f0": " 7,200 undergraduates and 14,000 graduate students. The school color is crimson", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f1": " crimson", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f2": " 7,200 undergraduates and 14,000 graduate students. The school color is crimson", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f3": " crimson", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f4": " 2,400 professors, lecturers, and instructors instruct 7,200 undergraduates and 14,000 graduate students. The school color is crimson", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c4": " Allston Science Complex", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c5": " Allston Science Complex", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c6": " Allston Science Complex", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c7": " Allston Science Complex", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c8": " Allston Science Complex", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded13": " \"shantytown\" on Harvard Yard and blockaded a speech given by South African Vice Consul Duke Kent-Brown", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded14": " \"shantytown\" on Harvard Yard and blockaded a speech given by South African Vice Consul Duke Kent-Brown", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded15": " special interest groups.\" However, the university did eventually reduce its South African holdings by $230 million", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded3f": " Carnegie Foundation as \"more selective, lower transfer-in\".", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded40": " Carnegie Foundation as \"more selective, lower transfer-in\".", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded41": " Carnegie Foundation as \"more selective, lower transfer-in\".", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded42": " Carnegie Foundation as \"more selective, lower transfer-in\".", "5727d3843acd2414000ded69": " undergraduate students have been required to complete courses in eight General Education categories", "5727d3843acd2414000ded6a": " undergraduate students have been required to complete courses in eight General Education categories", "5727d3843acd2414000ded6b": " undergraduate students have been required to complete courses in eight General Education categories", "5727d4922ca10214002d977c": " September", "5727d4922ca10214002d977d": " Phi Beta Kappa and various committees and departments also award several hundred named prizes annually.", "5727d4922ca10214002d977e": "graduates typically take four half-courses per term and must maintain a four-course rate average to be considered full-time.", "5727d4922ca10214002d977f": "graduates typically take four half-courses per term and must maintain a four-course rate average to be considered full-time.", "5727d6154b864d1900163e34": "38,000", "5727d6154b864d1900163e35": " $60,000 pay nothing for their children to attend, including room and board. Families with incomes between $60,000 to $80", "5727d6154b864d1900163e36": " $38,000, with a total cost of attendance of $57,000. Beginning 2007, families with incomes below $60,", "5727d6154b864d1900163e37": " $60,000 pay nothing for their children to attend, including room and board. Families with incomes between $60,000 to $80", "5727d6154b864d1900163e38": " $38,000, with a total cost of attendance of $57,000", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969a": " Widener", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969c": " Widener", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969d": " Widener", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969b": " Widener", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5e": " Le Corbus", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5f": " Le Corbus", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e60": " Le Corbus", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee17": " Academic Performance", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee18": " Academic Ranking of World Universities", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee19": " Academic Ranking of World Universities", "5727da564b864d1900163e8e": "The Harvard Crimson competes in 42 intercollegiate sports in the NCAA Division I Ivy League", "5727da564b864d1900163e8f": " athletic rivalry with Yale University", "5727da564b864d1900163e90": " 42 intercollegiate sports", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fc": " 1875 and is usually called simply \"The Game\".", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fd": " 1875 and is usually called simply \"The Game\".", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fe": " 1875 and is usually called simply \"The Game\".", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96ff": " 1875 and is usually called simply \"The Game\".", "5727dc473acd2414000dee43": " Lav", "5727dc473acd2414000dee44": " Lav", "5727dc473acd2414000dee45": " Lav", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163eba": " 23", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebb": " June", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebc": " June", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebd": " June", "5727de862ca10214002d9860": " John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B", "5727de862ca10214002d9861": " John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B", "5727de862ca10214002d9862": "Politics: U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon; American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B", "5727de862ca10214002d9863": "Politics: U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon; American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B", "5727e0474b864d1900163f08": " Du Bois", "5727e0474b864d1900163f09": " Civil rights leader W. E.", "5727e0474b864d1900163f0a": " Du Bois", "5727e0474b864d1900163f0b": " Du Bois", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f34": "vard's faculty includes scholars such as biologist E.", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f35": "vard's faculty includes scholars such as biologist E. O. Wilson", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f36": "vard's faculty includes scholars such as biologist E. O. Wilson", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954a": " 853,382", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954b": "53,382", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954c": "53,382", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954d": " 853,382", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954e": " 853,382", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9676": " First Coast", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9677": "Jacksonville is in the First Coast", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9678": " the First Coast", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9679": " the First Coast", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d967a": "Jacksonville is in the First Coast", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958e": "bor improvements", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958f": "bor improvements", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9590": "bor improvements", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9591": " Jacksonville area, particularly tourism related to golf. People from Jacksonville may be called \"Jacksonvillians\" or \"Jaxsons\"", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bec": " been inhabited for thousands of years. On Black Hammock", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bed": "The area of the modern city of Jacksonville has been inhabited for thousands of years. On Black Hamm", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bee": " been", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bef": " been", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bf0": " been", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c26": " The location of Fort Caroline is subject to debate but a reconstruction of the fort was established on the St. Johns River", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c27": "French Huguenot explorer Jean Ribault", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c28": " Huguenot explorer Jean Ribault charted the St. Johns River in 1562 calling it the River of May because he discovered it in May", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c29": "French Huguenot explorer Jean Ribault", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c2a": " The location of Fort Caroline is subject to debate but a reconstruction of the fort was established on the St. Johns River", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d06": " 1763", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d07": " the British", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d08": " the British soon constructed the King's Road connecting St. Augustine to Georgia.", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d09": " the British soon constructed the King's Road connecting St. Augustine to Georgia.", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d0a": " Jacksonville, after Andrew Jackson", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c76": " The city was blockaded by Union forces, who gained control of the nearby Fort Clinch. Though no battles were fought in Jacksonville", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c77": " The city was blockaded by Union forces, who gained control of the nearby Fort Clinch. Though no battles were fought in Jacksonville", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c78": " The city was blockaded by Union forces, who gained control of the nearby Fort Clinch. Though no battles were fought in Jacksonville", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c79": " The city was blockaded by Union forces, who gained control of the nearby Fort Clinch. Though no battles were fought in Jacksonville", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c7a": " The city was blockaded by Union forces, who gained control of the nearby Fort Clinch. Though no battles were fought in Jacksonville", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbc": " Gilded Age, Jacksonville and nearby St. Augustine became popular winter resorts for the rich and famous. Visitors arrived by steamboat and later by railroad", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbd": " Gilded Age, Jacksonville and nearby St. Augustine became popular winter resorts for the rich and famous. Visitors arrived by steamboat and later by railroad", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbe": " Grover Cleveland", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbf": " Grover Cleveland", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cc0": " Gilded Age, Jacksonville and nearby St. Augustine became popular winter resorts for the rich and famous. Visitors arrived by steamboat and later by railroad", "5728170d3acd2414000df443": " Spanish", "5728170d3acd2414000df444": " Spanish", "5728170d3acd2414000df445": " Jennings", "5728170d3acd2414000df446": " Spanish", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d44": " silent film studios were established, earning Jacksonville the title of \"Winter Film Capital of the World\". However, the emergence of Hollywood", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d45": " Jacksonville", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d46": " Jacksonville", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d47": " Jacksonville", "57281ab63acd2414000df493": " The construction of highways led residents to move to newer housing in the suburbs. After World", "57281ab63acd2414000df494": " 75.8% in 1970 to 55.1% by 2010", "57281ab63acd2414000df495": "Jacksonville, like most large cities in the United States, suffered from negative effects of rapid urban sprawl after World", "57281ab63acd2414000df496": "Jacksonville, like most large cities in the United States, suffered from negative effects of rapid urban sprawl after World War II.", "57281ab63acd2414000df497": " negative effects of rapid urban sprawl after World War II.", "57281bb84b864d190016449a": " municipal services", "57281bb84b864d190016449b": " municipal services", "57281bb84b864d190016449c": " municipal services", "57281bb84b864d190016449d": " municipal services", "57281d494b864d19001644be": " Duval County's public high schools lost their accreditation. This added momentum to proposals for government reform", "57281d494b864d19001644bf": " 11 officials were indicted and more were forced to resign.", "57281d494b864d19001644c0": " Duval County's public high schools lost their accreditation. This added momentum to proposals for government reform", "57281d494b864d19001644c1": " Duval County's public high schools lost their accreditation. This added momentum to proposals for government reform", "57281edd3acd2414000df4eb": " the governments merged to create the Consolidated City of Jacksonville", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ec": " the governments merged to create the Consolidated City of Jacksonville", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ed": " the governments merged to create the Consolidated City", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ee": " the governments merged to create the Consolidated City of Jacksonville", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ef": " the governments merged to create the Consolidated City", "572820512ca10214002d9e72": "74", "572820512ca10214002d9e73": " 874", "572820512ca10214002d9e74": " 874", "572820512ca10214002d9e75": "74", "572820512ca10214002d9e76": " 874", "572821274b864d1900164510": " Barnett Center", "572821274b864d1900164511": " Barnett Center", "572821274b864d1900164512": " 617", "572821274b864d1900164513": " 617 ft (188 m) and includes 42", "572821274b864d1900164514": " Barnett", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc4": " subtropical", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc5": " subtropical", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc6": " subtropical", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc7": " latitude and coastal location, the city sees very little cold weather", "57282358ff5b5019007d9dde": " heat", "57282358ff5b5019007d9ddf": " heat", "57282358ff5b5019007d9de0": " heat", "57282358ff5b5019007d9de1": " heat", "572824f13acd2414000df58f": " 1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane", "572824f13acd2414000df590": " 1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane", "572824f13acd2414000df591": " 1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane", "572824f13acd2414000df592": " 1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane", "572824f13acd2414000df593": " 1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane", "572826634b864d19001645be": "751 according to the 2000 United States Census.", "572826634b864d19001645bf": "21", "572826634b864d19001645c0": "Jacksonville is the most populous city in Florida, and the twelfth most populous city in the United States.", "572826634b864d19001645c1": "Jacksonville", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bb": " 23.9% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 28.5", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bc": " 23.9% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 28.5", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bd": " 23.9% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 28.5", "572827fc3acd2414000df5be": " 23.9% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 28.5", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ee": " World Institute for Development Economics Research", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ef": " 48 nations combined. The combined wealth of the \"10 million dollar millionaires\" grew to nearly $41 trillion", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f0": " World Institute for Development Economics Research", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f1": "A study by the World Institute for Development Economics Research", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f2": " Credit Su", "5729d36b1d04691400779607": " World Institute for Development Economics Research", "5729d36b1d04691400779608": " financial assets than the lowest 48 nations combined. The combined wealth of the \"10 million dollar millionaires\" grew to nearly $41 trillion", "5729d36b1d04691400779609": " World Institute for Development Economics Research", "5729d36b1d0469140077960a": " World Institute for Development Economics Research at United Nations", "5729d36b1d0469140077960b": " 48 nations combined.", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc0": " PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans \"have more wealth than half of all Americans combined.\" According to the New York Times on July", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc1": " PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans \"have more wealth than half of all Americans combined.\" According to the New York Times on July", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc2": " PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans \"have more wealth than half of all Americans combined.\" According to the New York Times on July", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc3": " PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans \"have more wealth than half of all Americans combined.\" According to the New York Times on July", "5729d44b1d04691400779611": " PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans \"have more wealth than half of all Americans combined.\" According to the New York Times on July", "5729d44b1d04691400779612": " PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans \"have more wealth than half of all Americans combined.\" According to the New York Times on July", "5729d44b1d04691400779613": " PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans \"have more wealth than half of all Americans combined.\" According to the New York Times on July", "5729d44b1d04691400779614": " PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans \"have more wealth than half of all Americans combined.\" According to the New York Times on July", "5729d44b1d04691400779615": " PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans \"have more wealth than half of all Americans combined.\" According to the New York Times on July", "5727e9523acd2414000def95": " economic actor (worker, capitalist/business owner, landlord).", "5727e9523acd2414000def96": " economic actor (worker, capitalist/business owner, landlord).", "5727e9523acd2414000def97": " economic actor (worker, capitalist/business owner, landlord).", "5727e9523acd2414000def98": " economic actor (worker, capitalist/business owner, landlord).", "5727e9523acd2414000def99": " economic actor (worker, capitalist/business owner, landlord).", "5729d51d3f37b3190047858f": " economic actor (worker, capitalist/business owner, landlord).", "5729d51d3f37b31900478590": " economic actor (worker, capitalist/business owner, landlord).", "5729d51d3f37b31900478591": " economic actor (worker, capitalist/business owner, landlord).", "5729d51d3f37b31900478592": " economic actor (worker, capitalist/business owner, landlord).", "5729d51d3f37b31900478593": " economic actor (worker, capitalist/business owner, landlord).", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986e": " organic composition of capital, meaning that less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment (the \"reserve army of labour\").", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986f": " organic composition of capital, meaning that less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment (the \"reserve army of labour\").", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9870": " organic composition of capital, meaning that less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment (the \"reserve army of labour\").", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9871": " organic composition of capital, meaning that less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment (the \"reserve army of labour\").", "5729d609af94a219006aa661": " organic composition of capital, meaning that less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment (the \"reserve army of labour\").", "5729d609af94a219006aa662": " organic composition of capital, meaning that less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment (the \"reserve army of labour\").", "5729d609af94a219006aa663": " capitalist firms increasingly substitute capital equipment for labor inputs (workers) under competitive pressure to reduce costs and maximize profits.", "5729d609af94a219006aa664": " organic composition of capital, meaning that less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment (the \"reserve army of labour\").", "5729d609af94a219006aa665": " organic composition of capital, meaning that less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment (the \"reserve army of labour\").", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b6": " market. Wages work in the same way as prices for any other good.", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b7": " a race between the demand for the skilled worker and the supply of the skilled worker.", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b8": " the employer, but rather by the market. Wages work in the same way as prices for any other good.", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b9": " the employer, but rather by the market. Wages work in the same way as prices for any other good.", "5727ec062ca10214002d99ba": " price. Under the law of supply and demand", "5729d878af94a219006aa66b": " the employer, but rather by the market. Wages work in the same way as prices for any other good.", "5729d878af94a219006aa66c": " the employer, but rather by the market. Wages work in the same way as prices", "5729d878af94a219006aa66d": " price. Under the law of supply and", "5729d878af94a219006aa66e": " Wages work in the same way as prices for any other good.", "5729d878af94a219006aa66f": " Wages work in the same way as prices for any other good.", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df001": " Professional and labor organizations", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df002": " Professional and labor organizations", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df003": " Professional and labor organizations", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df004": " collective bargaining, political influence, or corruption", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df005": " Professional and labor organizations", "5729da0faf94a219006aa675": " Professional and labor organizations", "5729da0faf94a219006aa676": " Professional and labor organizations", "5729da0faf94a219006aa677": " Professional and labor organizations", "5729da0faf94a219006aa678": " Professional and labor organizations", "5729da0faf94a219006aa679": " Professional and labor organizations", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ec": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ed": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ee": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ef": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship", "5727ee372ca10214002d99f0": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship", "5729de24af94a219006aa689": " economic inequality tends to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level (self-employment). However, most of it is often based on necessity rather", "5729de24af94a219006aa68a": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship", "5729de24af94a219006aa68b": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship", "5729de24af94a219006aa68c": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship", "5729de24af94a219006aa68d": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship", "5727ef664b864d1900164060": " social spending", "5727ef664b864d1900164061": " social spending", "5727ef664b864d1900164062": " social spending", "5727ef664b864d1900164063": " social spending", "5729e02f1d04691400779639": " social spending", "5729e02f1d0469140077963a": " social spending", "5729e02f1d0469140077963b": " social spending", "5729e02f1d0469140077963c": " social spending", "5727f05b4b864d1900164068": " individuals' access to education.", "5727f05b4b864d1900164069": "An important factor in the creation of inequality is variation in individuals' access to education.", "5727f05b4b864d190016406a": " individuals' access to education.", "5727f05b4b864d190016406b": " individuals' access to education.", "5727f05b4b864d190016406c": " aggregate savings and investment.", "5729e1101d04691400779641": "An important factor in the creation of inequality is variation in individuals' access to education.", "5729e1101d04691400779642": " individuals' access to education. Education", "5729e1101d04691400779643": "An important factor in the creation of inequality is variation in individuals' access to education.", "5729e1101d04691400779644": " an education, or choose not to pursue optional education, generally receive much lower wages. The justification for this is that a lack", "5729e1101d04691400779645": " individuals' access to education.", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05b": " the Standard & Poor's rating agency", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05c": " Standard & Poor's rating agency", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05d": " the Standard & Poor's rating agency", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05e": " the Standard & Poor's rating agency", "5729e1e36aef0514001550ba": " S&", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bb": " the Standard & Poor's rating agency", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bc": " S&", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bd": " Standard & Poor's rating agency", "5729e1e36aef0514001550be": " the Standard & Poor's rating agency", "5727f2714b864d1900164072": " Lagerlof and Galor stated that gender inequality in education can result to low economic growth, and continued gender inequality in education", "5727f2714b864d1900164073": " Lagerlof and Galor stated that gender inequality in education can result to low economic growth, and continued gender inequality in education", "5727f2714b864d1900164074": " Lagerlof and Galor stated that gender inequality in education can result to low economic growth, and continued gender inequality in education", "5727f2714b864d1900164075": " Lagerlof and Galor stated that gender inequality in education can result to low economic growth, and continued gender inequality in education", "5727f2714b864d1900164076": "agerlof and Galor stated that gender inequality in education can result to low economic growth, and continued gender inequality in education", "5729e2b76aef0514001550ce": " Lagerlof and Galor stated that gender inequality in education can result to low economic growth, and continued gender inequality in education", "5729e2b76aef0514001550cf": "agerlof and Galor stated that gender inequality in education can result to low economic growth, and continued gender inequality in education", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d0": " educational", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d1": "agerlof and Galor stated that gender inequality in education can result to low economic growth, and continued gender inequality in education", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d2": "agerlof and Galor stated that gender inequality in education can result to low economic growth, and continued gender inequality in education", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e7": " continental European liberalism, where unions have remained strong, they concluded \"The U.S. economic and social model is associated with substantial levels", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e8": " continental European liberalism, where unions have remained strong, they concluded \"The U.S. economic and social model is associated with substantial levels", "5727f6723acd2414000df0ea": " continental European liberalism, where unions have remained strong, they concluded \"The U.S. economic and social model is associated with substantial levels", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e9": " continental European liberalism, where unions have remained strong, they concluded \"The U.S. economic and social model is associated with substantial levels", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69d": " continental European liberalism, where unions have remained strong, they concluded \"The U.S. economic and social model is associated with substantial levels", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69e": " continental European liberalism", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69f": " continental European liberalism, where unions have remained strong, they concluded \"The U.S. economic and social model is associated with substantial levels", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a0": " continental European liberalism, where unions have remained strong, they concluded \"The U.S. economic and social model is associated with substantial levels", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a1": " continental European liberalism, where unions have remained strong, they concluded \"The U.S. economic and social model is associated with substantial levels", "5727f7523acd2414000df10d": "the historical pattern is clear; the cross-national pattern is clear: high inequality goes hand-in-hand with weak labor movements and vice-vers", "5727f7523acd2414000df10e": " historical pattern is clear; the cross-national pattern is clear: high inequality goes hand-in-hand with weak labor movements and vice-vers", "5727f7523acd2414000df10f": " technological changes and globalization, which were also experienced by other industrialized nations that didn", "5727f7523acd2414000df110": " technological changes and globalization, which were also experienced by other industrialized nations that didn", "5729e4291d04691400779651": " historical pattern is clear; the cross-national pattern is clear: high inequality goes hand-in-hand with weak labor movements and vice-vers", "5729e4291d04691400779652": " historical pattern is clear; the cross-national pattern is clear: high inequality goes hand-in-hand with weak labor movements and vice-vers", "5729e4291d04691400779653": " technological changes and globalization, which were also experienced by other industrialized nations that didn", "5729e4291d04691400779654": " historical pattern is clear; the cross-national pattern is clear: high inequality goes hand-in-hand with weak labor movements and vice-vers", "5729e4291d04691400779655": " historical pattern is clear; the cross-national pattern is clear: high inequality goes hand-in-hand with weak labor movements and vice-vers", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a18": " technological innovation", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a19": " technological innovation", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1a": " technological innovation", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1b": " technological innovation", "5729f1283f37b319004785d7": " technological innovation", "5729f1283f37b319004785d8": " technological innovation", "5729f1283f37b319004785d9": " technological innovation", "5729f1283f37b319004785da": " technological innovation", "5729f1283f37b319004785db": " technological innovation", "5727fd123acd2414000df185": " the labor market. Several factors other than discrimination may contribute to this gap. On average, women are more likely than men to consider factors other", "5727fd123acd2414000df186": " the labor market. Several factors other than discrimination may contribute to this gap. On average, women are more likely than men to consider factors other", "5727fd123acd2414000df187": " women are more likely than men to consider factors other", "5727fd123acd2414000df188": " Gender pay gap in favor of males in the labor market. Several factors other", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e7": " women are more likely than men to consider factors other", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e8": " women are more likely than men to consider factors other", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e9": " women are more likely than men to consider factors other", "5729f1c13f37b319004785ea": " the labor market. Several factors other than discrimination may contribute to this gap. On average, women are more likely than men to consider factors other", "5729f1c13f37b319004785eb": " Gender pay gap in favor", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ab": " low levels of development have relatively equal distributions of wealth.", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ac": " the result of stages of development. According to Kuznets, countries with low levels of development have relatively equal distributions of wealth.", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ad": " the result of stages of development. According to Kuznets, countries with low levels of development have relatively equal distributions of wealth.", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ae": " low levels of development have relatively equal distributions of wealth.", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6dd": " low levels of development have relatively equal distributions of wealth.", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6de": " low levels of development have relatively equal distributions of wealth.", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6df": " various possible redistribution mechanisms", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e0": " various possible redistribution mechanisms", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e1": " low levels of development have relatively equal distributions of wealth.", "57287b322ca10214002da3be": " multiple K", "57287b322ca10214002da3bf": " multiple K", "57287b322ca10214002da3c0": " multiple K", "57287b322ca10214002da3c1": " multiple K", "5729f3883f37b319004785f1": " multiple K", "5729f3883f37b319004785f2": " multiple K", "5729f3883f37b319004785f3": " multiple K", "5729f3883f37b319004785f4": " multiple K", "5729f3883f37b319004785f5": " another Kuznets' cycle is occurring, specifically the move from the manufacturing sector to the service sector.[c", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26c": "wealthy individuals or entities.", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26d": "wealthy individuals or entities.", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26e": "wealthy individuals or entities.", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26f": "wealthy individuals or entities.", "5729f4273f37b319004785fb": " theoretical[according to whom?] process by which, under certain conditions, newly created wealth concent", "5729f4273f37b319004785fc": "wealthy individuals or entities.", "5729f4273f37b319004785fd": "?] process by which, under certain conditions, newly created wealth concentrates in the possession of already-wealthy individuals or entities.", "5729f4273f37b319004785fe": " Piketty in his book Capital in the Twenty-First", "5729f4273f37b319004785ff": "wealthy individuals or entities.", "5729f4e46aef051400155157": "market force", "5729f4e46aef051400155156": "market force", "5729f4e46aef051400155158": "market force", "5729f4e46aef051400155159": "market force", "5729f4e46aef05140015515a": "market force", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6ef": " social goods", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f0": " lower level of economic utility in society from resources", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f1": " US states (r = -.620).", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f2": " economic utility in society from resources", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f3": " US states (r = -.620).", "572a05eb3f37b31900478653": "2013 Economics Nobel prize winner Robert J. Sh", "572a05eb3f37b31900478654": "2013 Economics Nobel prize winner Robert J. Shiller", "572a05eb3f37b31900478655": " its inequality", "572a05eb3f37b31900478656": " inequality", "572a05eb3f37b31900478657": " inequality", "572a06866aef0514001551be": "British researchers Richard G. Wilkinson and Kate", "572a06866aef0514001551bf": "British researchers Richard G. Wilkinson and Kate Pickett", "572a06866aef0514001551c0": "British researchers Richard G. Wilkinson and Kate Pickett", "572a06866aef0514001551c2": "British researchers Richard G. Wilkinson and Kate Pickett", "572a06866aef0514001551c1": "British researchers Richard G. Wilkinson and Kate Pickett", "572a070c6aef0514001551c8": " the USA has a higher GDP per capita.", "572a070c6aef0514001551c9": " the USA has a higher GDP per capita.", "572a070c6aef0514001551ca": " the USA has a higher GDP per capita.", "572a070c6aef0514001551cb": " the USA has a higher GDP per capita.", "572a070c6aef0514001551cc": " the USA has a higher GDP per capita.", "572a07a86aef0514001551d2": " income inequality. Creating an index of \"Health and Social Problems\"", "572a07a86aef0514001551d3": " The UNICE", "572a07a86aef0514001551d4": " The UNICE", "572a07a86aef0514001551d5": " income inequality. Creating an index of \"Health and Social Problems\"", "572a07a86aef0514001551d6": " Social Problems\"", "572a0a391d046914007796df": " undeveloped countries, as well as studying areas within countries. Daly et", "572a0a391d046914007796e0": " undeveloped countries, as well as studying areas within countries. Daly et", "572a0a391d046914007796e1": " undeveloped countries, as well as studying areas within countries. Daly et", "572a0a391d046914007796e3": " undeveloped countries, as well as studying areas within countries. Daly et", "572a0a391d046914007796e2": " undeveloped countries, as well as studying areas within countries. Daly et", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa765": " economic inequality is problematic. A house that provides less utility to a millionaire as a summer home than it would to a homeless family of five", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa766": " summer home than it would to a homeless family of five, is an example of reduced \"distributive efficiency\"", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa767": " economic inequality is problematic.", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa768": " economic inequality is problematic.", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa769": " aggregate utility. Some studies", "572a0c541d046914007796f3": " Wilkinson of the libertarian Cato Institute", "572a0c541d046914007796f4": "Conservative researchers", "572a0c541d046914007796f5": " income should be the measure of inequality, and inequality of consumption is less extreme than inequality of income", "572a0c541d046914007796f6": " Tory, consumption inequality was actually lower in 2001 than it was in 1986. The debate is summarized in \"The Hidden Prosper", "572a0c541d046914007796f7": " The debate is summarized in \"The Hidden Prosperity of the Poor\" by journalist Thomas B. Eds", "572a0d21af94a219006aa783": " Banking economist Raghuram Raj", "572a0d21af94a219006aa784": "Central Banking economist Raghuram Rajan", "572a0d21af94a219006aa785": " Banking economist Raghuram Rajan", "572a0d21af94a219006aa786": " Financial crisis of 2007\u201308 being the most recent example. To compensate for stagnating and declining purchasing power", "572a0d21af94a219006aa787": " monetary stimulation", "572a0e0e1d04691400779707": " the rate of growth).", "572a0e0e1d04691400779708": " economic growth spells (not the rate of growth).", "572a0e0e1d04691400779709": " the income share of the top 20", "572a0e0e1d0469140077970a": " economic growth spells (not the rate of growth).", "572a0e0e1d0469140077970b": " economic, social, and political", "572a0ecb1d04691400779717": " inequality", "572a0ecb1d04691400779718": " inequality", "572a0ecb1d04691400779719": " its inequality", "572a0ecb1d0469140077971a": " inequality", "572a0ecb1d0469140077971b": " inequality", "572a1046af94a219006aa78d": " aggregate demand. Economist Branko Milanovic", "572a1046af94a219006aa78e": " rich people who could save a greater proportion of their income than the poor and invest it in physical capital.", "572a1046af94a219006aa78f": " aggregate demand. Economist Branko Milan", "572a1046af94a219006aa790": "Economist Joseph Stiglitz", "572a1046af94a219006aa791": " aggregate demand. Economist Branko Milanovic", "572a11663f37b31900478693": " redistributive taxation, which is associated with lower levels", "572a11663f37b31900478694": " Galor and Zeira showed that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfect", "572a11663f37b31900478695": " imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development. A 1996 study by Per", "572a11663f37b31900478696": " redistributive taxation, which is associated with lower levels", "572a11663f37b31900478697": " redistributive taxation, which is associated with lower levels", "572a12381d0469140077972d": " fixed lead time", "572a12381d0469140077972e": " fixed lead time", "572a12381d0469140077972c": " fixed lead time", "572a12381d0469140077972b": " fixed lead time", "572a12381d0469140077972f": " fixed lead time", "572a13841d0469140077973b": " Kuznets curve", "572a13841d0469140077973c": "ical\" Kuznets curve hypothesis, with its emphasis on the balancing of economic growth in the long run, cannot account", "572a13841d0469140077973d": "ical\" Kuznets curve hypothesis, with its emphasis on the balancing of economic growth in the long run, cannot account", "572a13841d0469140077973e": " Kuznets curve hypothesis, which states that with economic development, inequality first increases, then decreases. Economist Thomas Piket", "572a13841d0469140077973f": " Kuznets curve", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7df": " IMF economists", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e0": " economic development. According to a 1955 review, savings by the", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e1": " income inequality", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e2": " IMF economists", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e3": " yearly equality figures to yearly growth rates", "572a1a5c6aef051400155284": " Millennium Development Goals", "572a1a5c6aef051400155285": " Millennium Development Goals", "572a1a5c6aef051400155286": " Millennium Development Goals", "572a1a5c6aef051400155287": " economic growth can potentially play in human development, poverty reduction and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals", "572a1a5c6aef051400155288": " Millennium Development Goals", "572a1ba46aef05140015528e": " official agency", "572a1ba46aef05140015528f": " official agency", "572a1ba46aef051400155290": " official agency", "572a1ba46aef051400155291": " 14 years to build on government land", "572a1ba46aef051400155292": " 14 years to build on government land", "572a1c943f37b319004786e1": " affordable housing \u2013 at least in the US \u2013 is caused in part by income inequality. David Rodd", "572a1c943f37b319004786e2": " income inequality. David Rodd", "572a1c943f37b319004786e3": " income inequality. David Rodd", "572a1c943f37b319004786e4": " income inequality. David Rodd", "572a1c943f37b319004786e5": " income inequality. David Rodd", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f5": "ational consumption", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f6": "ational consumption", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f7": "ational consumption", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f8": " income earners", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f9": "ational consumption", "572a1f086aef0514001552c0": " Environmental Kuznets", "572a1f086aef0514001552c1": " Environmental Kuznets", "572a1f086aef0514001552c2": " Environmental Kuznets", "572a1f086aef0514001552c3": " Environmental Kuznets", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d0": " wage or salary. In order to rect", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d1": " wage or salary.", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d2": " wage or salary. In order to rect", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d3": " wage or salary.", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d4": " individual contributions", "572a20816aef0514001552e4": " the ideal moral society would be one where all individuals are free from force. However, Noz", "572a20816aef0514001552e5": " the ideal moral society would be one where all individuals are free from force. However, Noz", "572a20816aef0514001552e6": " the ideal moral society would be one where all individuals are free from force. However, Noz", "572a20816aef0514001552e7": " the ideal moral society would be one where all individuals are free from force. However, Noz", "572a20816aef0514001552e8": " full implications of his theory of justice. Some see Raw", "572a213e6aef0514001552ee": " economic growth and income are considered a means to an end rather than the end itself. Its goal is to \u201c", "572a213e6aef0514001552ef": " economic growth and income are considered a means to an end rather", "572a213e6aef0514001552f0": " economic growth and income are considered a means to an end rather than the end itself. Its goal is to \u201c", "572a213e6aef0514001552f1": " economic growth and income are considered a means to an end rather than the end itself. Its goal is to \u201c", "572a213e6aef0514001552f2": " economic growth and income are considered a means to an end rather", "572a2224af94a219006aa823": " political freedom, economic facilities, social opportunities, transparency guarantees, and protective security to ensure that people aren", "572a2224af94a219006aa824": " earning as much income as they would otherwise. An old, ill man cannot earn as much as a healthy young man", "572a2224af94a219006aa825": " man cannot earn as much as a healthy young man; gender roles and customs may prevent a woman from receiving an education", "572a2224af94a219006aa826": " the area", "572a2224af94a219006aa827": " political freedom, economic facilities, social opportunities, transparency guarantees, and protective security to ensure that people aren", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e2": "Doctor Who is a British science-fiction television programme produced by the BBC", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e3": " the BBC", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e4": "Doctor Who is a British science-fiction television programme produced by the BBC", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e5": " the BBC", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e6": "Doctor", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f2": " The show has influenced generations of British television professionals, many of whom grew up watching the series. The programme originally ran from 1963 to 1989", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f3": " K-9 (2009\u20132010); and a single pilot episode of K-9 and Company", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f4": " K-9 (2009\u20132010); and a single pilot episode of K-9 and Company", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f5": " K-9 (2009\u20132010); and a single pilot episode of K-9 and Company", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f6": " K-9 (2009\u20132010); and a single pilot episode of K-9 and Company", "5727f18c3acd2414000df063": "Twelve", "5727f18c3acd2414000df064": "elve actors have headlined the series", "5727f18c3acd2414000df065": "elve", "5727f18c3acd2414000df066": " Time Lords", "5727f18c3acd2414000df067": "elve actors have headlined the series as the Doctor.", "5727f2583acd2414000df087": "Doctor Who follows the adventures of the primary character, a rogue Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey", "5727f2583acd2414000df088": " Time Lord from the planet Gallif", "5727f2583acd2414000df089": " Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey", "5727f2583acd2414000df08a": " local objects as a disguise. However, the Doctor's TARDIS remains fixed as a blue British Police box", "5727f2583acd2414000df08b": " local objects as a disguise. However, the Doctor's T", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a5": " sonic screwdriver", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a6": " sonic screwdriver", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a7": " sonic screwdriver", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a8": " sonic screwdriver", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a9": " sonic screwdriver", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a32": "Doctor Who first appeared on BBC TV at 17:16:20", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a33": " 17:16:20", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a34": "Doctor Who first appeared on BBC TV at 17:16:20", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a35": "Doctor Who first appeared on BBC TV at 17:16:20", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a36": "Doctor Who first appeared on BBC TV at 17:16:20", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a44": " TARDIS) it was effectively, if not formally, cancelled with the decision not to commission a planned 27th series of the show for transmission", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a45": " TARDIS) it was effectively, if not formally, cancelled with the decision not to commission a planned 27th series of the show for transmission", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a46": " TARDIS) it was effectively, if not formally, cancelled with the decision not to commission a planned 27th series of the show for transmission", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a47": " 1989 by Jonathan Powell", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a48": " 1989 by Jonathan Powell", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9956": " Columbia Pictures' television arm in the United States, had approached the BBC about such a venture as early as July", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9957": " Columbia Pictures", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9958": " 26th series was still in production. Segal's negotiations eventually led to a Doctor Who television film, broadcast on the Fox Network", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9959": " Columbia Pictures' television arm in the United States, had approached the BBC about such a venture as early as July", "5727f678ff5b5019007d995a": " Columbia Pictures' television arm in the United States, had approached the BBC about such a venture as early as July", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9960": "Doctor Who finally returned with the episode \"Rose\" on BBC One on 26 March", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9961": "Doctor Who finally returned with the episode \"Rose\" on BBC One on 26 March", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9963": "Doctor Who finally returned with the episode \"Rose\" on BBC One", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9964": "Doctor Who finally returned with the episode \"Rose\" on BBC One", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9962": "Doctor Who finally returned with the episode \"Rose\" on BBC One", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7c": " the 1996 telefilm. This is similar to the 1988 continuation of Mission", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7d": " Next Generation and spin-offs[c", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7e": "The 2005 version of Doctor", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7f": " (for example, Star Trek: The Next Generation and spin-offs[c", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a80": " the 1996 telefilm. This is similar to the 1988 continuation of Mission Impossible", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164160": " 30 November 1963", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164161": " 30 November 1963", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164162": " ten minutes", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164163": " the transmission of the first episode was delayed by ten minutes", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164164": " the transmission of the first episode was delayed by ten minutes", "5727fdb94b864d190016417c": " The phrase retains this association with Doctor Who", "5727fdb94b864d190016417d": " The phrase retains this association with Doctor Who", "5727fdb94b864d190016417e": " The phrase retains this association with Doctor Who", "5727fdb94b864d190016417f": " The phrase retains this association with Doctor Who", "5727fdb94b864d1900164180": " The phrase retains this association with Doctor Who", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a1": " (\"any act[s] which may cause physical and/", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a2": " The same report found that 3% of the surveyed audience regarded the show as \"very unsu", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a3": " (\"any act[s] which may cause physical and/", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a4": " (\"any act[s] which may cause physical and/", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a5": " (\"any act[s] which may cause physical and/", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8c": " Metropolitan Police Authority filed an objection to the trade mark claim", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8d": "The image of the T", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8e": " Metropolitan Police Authority filed an objection to the trade mark claim", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8f": " Metropolitan Police Authority filed an objection to the trade mark claim", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a90": " Metropolitan Police Authority filed an objection to the trade mark claim", "572800b03acd2414000df1f1": "Doctor Who originally ran for", "572800b03acd2414000df1f2": " four to six parts in earlier years and three to four in later years.", "572800b03acd2414000df1f3": "Doctor Who originally ran for 26", "572800b03acd2414000df1f4": "Doctor Who originally ran for 26 seasons", "572800b03acd2414000df1f5": "Doctor Who originally ran for 26 seasons on BBC One, from", "572801823acd2414000df1fb": " Christmas Day. Each series includes several standalone and multi-part stories", "572801823acd2414000df1fc": " Christmas Day. Each series includes several standalone and multi-part stories", "572801823acd2414000df1fd": " Christmas Day. Each series includes several standalone and multi-part stories", "572801823acd2414000df1fe": " Christmas Day. Each series includes several standalone and multi-part stories", "572801823acd2414000df1ff": " Christmas Day. Each series includes several standalone and multi-part stories", "5728023a4b864d19001641f4": "826", "5728023a4b864d19001641f5": "826", "5728023a4b864d19001641f6": "826", "5728023a4b864d19001641f7": "26 Doctor Who instalments", "5728023a4b864d19001641f8": "826", "572803493acd2414000df229": " 1964 and", "572803493acd2414000df22a": " 1973", "572803493acd2414000df22b": " 79 episodes are missing).", "572803493acd2414000df22c": " 1973", "572803493acd2414000df22d": " 1973", "572804522ca10214002d9b94": " private individuals", "572804522ca10214002d9b95": " Marco Polo", "572804522ca10214002d9b97": " private individuals", "572804522ca10214002d9b96": " Marco Polo", "572804522ca10214002d9b98": " Marco Polo", "572805363acd2414000df26d": " the BBC on VHS", "572805363acd2414000df26e": " VHS", "572805363acd2414000df26f": " VHS", "572805363acd2414000df270": " Theta-Sigma", "572805363acd2414000df271": " VHS", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b42": " alternative Doctors either from the Doctor's relative past or future.[c", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b43": " original star William Hartnell", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b44": " original star William Hartnell", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b45": " original star William Hartnell", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b46": " original star William Hartnell", "572808bf4b864d190016429a": " Deadly Assassin and Mawdryn Undead and the 1996 TV film would later establish that a Time Lord can only regenerate 12 times, for a total of 13", "572808bf4b864d190016429b": " Deadly Assassin and Mawdryn Undead and the 1996 TV film would later establish that a Time Lord can only regenerate 12 times, for a total of 13", "572808bf4b864d190016429c": " Deadly Assassin and Mawdryn Undead and the 1996 TV film would later establish that a Time Lord can only regenerate 12 times, for a total of 13", "572808bf4b864d190016429d": " Deadly Assassin and Mawdryn Undead and the 1996 TV film would later establish that a Time Lord can only regenerate 12 times, for a total of 13", "572808bf4b864d190016429e": " Time Lord can only regenerate 12 times, for a total of 13", "572809ab4b864d19001642ae": " the series, others have portrayed versions of the Doctor in guest roles. Notably, in 2013, John Hurt guest-star", "572809ab4b864d19001642af": " McGann and Eccleston's Doctors, although his introduction was written so as not to disturb the established numerical naming of the Doctors", "572809ab4b864d19001642b0": " the series, others have portrayed versions of the Doctor in guest roles. Notably, in 2013, John Hurt guest-star", "572809ab4b864d19001642b1": " the series, others have portrayed versions of the Doctor in guest roles. Notably, in 2013, John Hurt guest-star", "572809ab4b864d19001642b2": " the series, others have portrayed versions of the Doctor in guest roles. Notably, in 2013, John Hurt guest-star", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c66": " First Doctor encounters himself in the story The Space Museum", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c67": " Three Doctors, William Hart", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c68": " 1973's The Three Doctors, William Hartnell and Patrick Troughton returned alongside Jon Pertwee", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c6a": " 1973's The Three Doctors, William Hartnell and Patrick Troughton returned alongside Jon Pertwee", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c69": " Hartnell and Patrick Troughton returned alongside Jon Pertwee. For 1983's The Five Doctors, Troughton and Pertwe", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca8": " McGann, Colin Baker, Sylvester McCoy and Peter Dav", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca9": " Doctors have returned in new adventures together in audio dramas", "57280cac2ca10214002d9caa": " McGann, Colin Baker, Sylvester McCoy and Peter Dav", "57280cac2ca10214002d9cab": " McGann, Colin Baker, Sylvester McCoy and Peter Dav", "57280cac2ca10214002d9cac": " McGann, Colin Baker, Sylves", "57280e323acd2414000df349": " twelfth regeneration", "57280e323acd2414000df34a": " twelfth regeneration", "57280e323acd2414000df34b": " twelfth regeneration", "57280e323acd2414000df34c": " Eleventh Doctor similarly calls himself \"the Eleventh\"", "57280e323acd2414000df34d": " The Brain of Morbius", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35b": " \"No, not any more.\" In both \"Fear Her\" (2006) and", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35c": " \"No, not any more.\" In both \"Fear Her\" (2006) and", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35d": " \"No, not any more.\" In both \"Fear Her\" (2006) and", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35e": " \"No, not any more.\" In both \"Fear Her\" (2006) and", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35f": " \"No, not any more.\" In both \"Fear Her\" (2006) and", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c30": " Companions are usually human, or humanoid aliens", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c31": " Companions are usually human, or humanoid aliens", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c33": " Companions are usually human, or humanoid aliens", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c34": " Companions are usually human, or humanoid aliens.", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c32": " Companions are usually human, or humanoid aliens", "572811434b864d190016438c": " the Doctor generally travels with a primary female companion, who occupies a larger narrative role.", "572811434b864d190016438d": " Doctor generally travels with a primary female companion, who occupies a larger narrative role. Steven Moffat", "572811434b864d190016438e": " Eleventh Doctor became the first to travel with a married couple", "572811434b864d190016438f": " Tyler", "572811434b864d1900164390": " Tyler", "572812142ca10214002d9d2a": " Autons with the Nestene Consciousness", "572812142ca10214002d9d2b": " Consciousness", "572812142ca10214002d9d2c": " Consciousness", "572812142ca10214002d9d2d": " Consciousness", "572812142ca10214002d9d2e": " Consciousness", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c80": " Dalek, making it go mad. Their chief role in the series plot, as they frequently remark in their instantly recognisable metallic", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c81": " Time Lords", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c82": " Time Lords", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c83": " Dalek", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c84": " Time Lords", "572813b52ca10214002d9d68": " Moriarty", "572813b52ca10214002d9d69": " Doctor Who's hiatus in 1989. The Master returned in the 1996 television movie of Doctor Who, and was played by American actor Eric Roberts", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6a": " Moriarty", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6b": " Master returned in the 1996 television movie of Doctor Who, and was played by American actor Eric Roberts", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6c": " Moriarty", "572814882ca10214002d9d72": "Missy\" (short for Mistress, the feminine equivalent of \"Master\"). This incarnation is played by Michelle Gomez", "572814882ca10214002d9d73": "Time Lady,\" going by the name of \"Missy\"", "572814882ca10214002d9d74": "Time Lady,\" going by the name of \"Missy\"", "572814882ca10214002d9d75": "Time Lady,\" going by the name of \"Missy\"", "572814882ca10214002d9d76": " Michelle Gomez", "572816213acd2414000df429": " Ron Grainer", "572816213acd2414000df42a": " Ron Grainer", "572816213acd2414000df42b": " Ron Grainer", "572816213acd2414000df42c": " Ron Grainer", "572816213acd2414000df42d": " Ron Grainer", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db0": " different arrangement was recorded by Peter Howell", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db1": " different arrangement was recorded by Peter Howell", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db2": " The Trial of a Time Lord in season 23 (1986). Keff McCull", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db3": " different arrangement was recorded by Peter Howell", "572817802ca10214002d9db4": " different arrangement was recorded by Peter Howell", "5728185f3acd2414000df45b": " Gold, was introduced in the 2007 Christmas special episode, \"Voyage of the Damned", "5728185f3acd2414000df45d": " hostile reception from some viewers. In 2011, the theme tune charted at number 228 of radio station Classic FM", "5728185f3acd2414000df45c": " Gold, was introduced in the 2007 Christmas", "5728185f3acd2414000df45e": " Gold", "5728185f3acd2414000df45f": " Gold", "572819864b864d190016447e": " Gallifrey", "572819864b864d190016447f": " Gallifrey", "572819864b864d1900164480": " Gallifrey", "572819864b864d1900164481": " Gallifrey", "572819864b864d1900164482": " Gallifrey", "57281a952ca10214002d9dea": " Dudley Simpson", "57281a952ca10214002d9deb": " Blake's 7, and for his haunting theme music and score for the original 1970s version of The Tomorrow People. Simpson's first Doctor", "57281a952ca10214002d9dec": " Simpson's first Doctor Who score was Planet of Giants (1964) and he went on to write music for many adventures of the 1960s and 1970", "57281a952ca10214002d9ded": " Blake's 7, and for his haunting theme music and score for the original 1970s version of The Tomorrow People. Simpson's first Doctor Who", "57281a952ca10214002d9dee": " Simpson's first Doctor Who score was Planet of Giants (1964) and he went on to write music for many adventures of the 1960s and 1970", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfa": " Murray Gold and Ben Foster", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfb": "All the incidental music for the 2005 revived series has been composed by Murray Gold and Ben Foster", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfc": " Murray Gold and Ben Foster", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfd": "i on Christmas Day 2006. A Doctor Who Prom was celebrated on 27 July 2008 in the Royal Albert Hall as part", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfe": "All the incidental music for the 2005 revived series has been composed by Murray Gold and Ben Foster", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1e": "Six", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1f": "Six soundtrack", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e20": "Six soundtrack releases", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e21": "Six soundtrack releases", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e22": "Six soundtrack releases", "57281f203acd2414000df4f5": " Twelfth Doctor had the \"DW\" TARDIS insign", "57281f203acd2414000df4f6": " Twelfth Doctor had the \"DW\" TARDIS insign", "57281f203acd2414000df4f7": " Twelfth Doctor had the \"DW\" TARDIS insign", "57281f203acd2414000df4f8": " Twelfth Doctor had the \"DW\" TARDIS insign", "57281f203acd2414000df4f9": " Twelfth Doctor had the \"DW\" TARDIS insign", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9c": " the first episode of Doctor", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9d": " the first episode of Doctor", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9e": " the first episode of Doctor Who", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9f": " the popularity of the Daleks", "57282036ff5b5019007d9da0": " BBC's mainstream BBC One channel", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db2": " 16 million", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db3": "ation Street", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db4": " the programme was scheduled against the soap opera Coronation Street", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db5": " Coronation Street", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db6": " 16 million", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd4": " BBC One. The 1983 20", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd5": " BBC One", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd6": " CITV", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd7": " four episodes have ever had their premiere showings on channels other", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd8": " 23 November (the actual date of the anniversary) on a number of PBS stations two days prior to its BBC One broadcast. The 1988 story Silver Nemesis", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed6": " Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC)", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed7": " Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC)", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed8": " Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) since January", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed9": " Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC)", "5728245b2ca10214002d9eda": " subscription television channels", "572825714b864d1900164590": " 1976", "572825714b864d1900164591": " 1976", "572825714b864d1900164592": " 1976", "572825714b864d1900164593": " 1976", "572825714b864d1900164594": " 1976", "572826762ca10214002d9f2c": " Canadian broadcast, Christopher Eccleston recorded special video introductions for each episode (including a trivia question", "572826762ca10214002d9f2d": " Canadian broadcast, Christopher Eccleston recorded special video introductions for each episode (including a trivia question", "572826762ca10214002d9f2e": " Eccleston recorded special video introductions for each episode (including a trivia", "572826762ca10214002d9f2f": "/P", "572826762ca10214002d9f30": " Eccleston recorded special video introductions for each episode (including a trivia question", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e26": " Laserdisc and many have also been released on Betamax", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e27": " VHS", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e28": " Laserdisc and many have also been released on Betamax", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e29": " Laserdisc and many have also been released on Betamax", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e2a": " Laserdisc and many have also been released on Betamax", "572828383acd2414000df5c3": "Doctor Who has appeared on stage numerous times. In the early 1970s, Trevor Martin played the role in Doctor Who and the Daleks", "572828383acd2414000df5c4": "Doctor Who has appeared on stage numerous times. In the early 1970s, Trevor Martin played the role in Doctor Who and the Daleks", "572828383acd2414000df5c5": "Doctor Who has appeared on stage numerous times. In the early 1970s, Trevor Martin", "572828383acd2414000df5c6": " Trevor Martin played the role in Doctor Who and the Daleks", "572828383acd2414000df5c7": "Doctor Who has appeared on stage numerous times. In the early 1970s, Trevor Martin played the role in Doctor Who and the Daleks", "572829532ca10214002d9fa2": " 13-part spin-off series titled Torchwood", "572829532ca10214002d9fa3": " the BBC commissioned Davies to produce a 13-part spin-off series titled Torchwood", "572829532ca10214002d9fa4": " the BBC commissioned Davies to produce a 13-part spin-off series titled Torchwood", "572829532ca10214002d9fa5": " Naoko Mori who reprised her role as Toshiko Sato first seen in \"Aliens of London\". A second series of Torch", "572829532ca10214002d9fa6": " Russell T Davies, the BBC commissioned Davies to produce a 13-part spin-off series titled Torchwood", "57282f204b864d190016468a": "The Sarah", "57282f204b864d190016468b": " CBBC", "57282f204b864d190016468c": " CBBC; a special aired on New Year's Day 2007", "57282f204b864d190016468d": " CBBC; a special aired on New Year's Day 2007", "57282f204b864d190016468e": " CBBC; a special aired on New Year's Day 2007", "5728303e4b864d19001646aa": " Dimensions", "5728303e4b864d19001646ab": " Dimensions", "5728303e4b864d19001646ac": "Enders", "5728303e4b864d19001646ad": "Enders, the action taking place in the latter's Albert Square location and around Greenwich. The special was one of several special 3D", "5728303e4b864d19001646ae": "Enders", "572831512ca10214002da04a": " VHS", "572831512ca10214002da04b": " VHS", "572831512ca10214002da04c": " VHS", "572831512ca10214002da04d": " VHS", "572831512ca10214002da04e": " VHS", "572833662ca10214002da086": " Neutral Zone\") and Leverage.", "572833662ca10214002da087": " Neutral Zone\") and Leverage.", "572833662ca10214002da088": " Neutral Zone\") and Leverage.", "572833662ca10214002da089": " Neutral Zone\") and Leverage.", "572833662ca10214002da08a": " Neutral Zone\") and Leverage.", "572834524b864d1900164716": " 21-minute narrated abridgement of the First Doctor television story The Chase released in 1966", "572834524b864d1900164717": " 21-minute narrated abridgement of the First Doctor television story The Chase released in 1966", "572834524b864d1900164718": " LP", "572834524b864d1900164719": " LP", "572834524b864d190016471a": "The earliest Doctor Who-related audio release was a 21-minute narrated abridgement of the First Doctor television story The Chase released in 1966", "572835854b864d190016472e": " Big Finish Productions", "572835854b864d190016472f": " Big Finish Productions", "572835854b864d1900164730": " Big Finish Productions", "572835854b864d1900164731": " Big Finish Productions", "572835854b864d1900164732": " Big Finish Productions", "572836732ca10214002da0dc": "Doctor Who books have been published from the mid-sixties through to the present day. From 1965 to 1991", "572836732ca10214002da0dd": " BBC Books", "572836732ca10214002da0de": "Doctor Who books have been published from the mid-sixties through to the present day.", "572836732ca10214002da0df": "Doctor Who books have been", "572836732ca10214002da0e0": " BBC Books", "572837402ca10214002da0f4": " BBC Television in", "572837402ca10214002da0f5": " BBC Television in the early 1960s, a myriad of stories have been published about Doctor Who, in different", "572837402ca10214002da0f6": " BBC Television in the early 1960s, a myriad of stories have been", "572837402ca10214002da0f7": " BBC Television in the early 1960s, a myriad of stories have been", "572838323acd2414000df737": "The show has received recognition as one of Britain's finest television programmes, winning the 2006 British Academy Television Award for Best Drama Series", "572838323acd2414000df738": "The show has received recognition as one of Britain's finest television programmes, winning the 2006 British Academy Television Award for Best Drama", "572838323acd2414000df739": "The show has received recognition as one of Britain's finest television programmes, winning the 2006 British Academy Television Award for Best Drama", "572838323acd2414000df73a": "The show has received recognition as one of Britain's finest television programmes, winning the 2006 British Academy Television Award for Best Drama", "572838323acd2414000df73b": "The show has received recognition as one of Britain's finest television programmes, winning the 2006 British Academy Television Award for Best Drama", "57283a392ca10214002da118": " Peabody Awards honoured Doctor Who with an Institutional Peab", "57283a392ca10214002da119": " Peabody Awards honoured Doctor Who with an Institutional Peab", "57283a392ca10214002da11a": " the Peabody Awards honoured Doctor Who with an Institutional Peab", "57283a392ca10214002da11b": " the Peabody Awards honoured Doctor Who with an Institutional Peab", "57283a392ca10214002da11c": " Peabody Awards honoured Doctor Who with an Institutional Peab", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa4": " SFX", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa5": " SFX", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa6": " SFX", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa7": " SFX", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa8": " SFX", "57283ce72ca10214002da14c": " the public, across various awards ceremonies.", "57283ce72ca10214002da14d": " the public, across various awards ceremonies.", "57283ce72ca10214002da14e": " the public, across various awards ceremonies.", "57283ce72ca10214002da14f": " the public, across various awards ceremonies. It won five BAFTA TV Awards, including Best Drama", "57283ce72ca10214002da150": " the public", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc6": " (2007), \"Blink\" (2008), \"The Waters of Mars\"", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc7": "atic", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc8": "atic", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc9": "atic Presentation", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fca": " (2007), \"Blink\" (2008), \"The Waters of Mars\"", "57283e652ca10214002da166": "Doctor Who has been satirised and spoof", "57283e652ca10214002da167": "Doctor Who has been satirised and spoof", "57283e652ca10214002da168": "Doctor Who has been satirised and spoofed on many occasions by comedians including Spike Mill", "57283e652ca10214002da16a": "Doctor Who has been satirised and spoof", "57283e652ca10214002da169": "Doctor Who has been satirised and spoof", "57283c464b864d19001647c8": " The College, various graduate programs, interdisciplinary committees organized into four", "57283c464b864d19001647c9": " The College, various graduate programs, interdisciplinary committees organized into four", "57283c464b864d19001647ca": " The College, various graduate programs, interdisciplinary committees organized into four", "57283c464b864d19001647cb": " The College, various graduate programs, interdisciplinary committees organized into four", "57283c464b864d19001647cc": " The College, various graduate programs, interdisciplinary committees organized into four", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbc": " 2020", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbd": " 2020", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbe": " 2020", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbf": " 2020", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fc0": " 2020", "57283f014b864d19001647e8": " the American Baptist Education Society with a donation from oil magnate and wealthiest man in history John D. Rockefeller", "57283f014b864d19001647e9": "nard Hutchins advocated for Chicago's curriculum to be based upon theoretical and perennial issues rather", "57283f014b864d19001647ea": " Harper and future president Robert Maynard Hutchins advocated for Chicago's curriculum to be based upon theoretical and perennial issues rather", "57283f014b864d19001647eb": " 1892. Both Harper and future president Robert Maynard Hutchins advocated for Chicago's curriculum to be based upon theoretical and perennial issues rather", "57283f014b864d19001647ec": " 1892. Both Harper and future president Robert Maynard Hutchins advocated for Chicago's curriculum to be based upon theoretical and perennial issues rather", "57284142ff5b5019007da00a": " physical", "57284142ff5b5019007da00b": " the American Baptist Education Society and a donation from oil magnate and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller", "57284142ff5b5019007da00c": " physical campus was financed by donations from wealthy Chicagoans", "57284142ff5b5019007da00d": " the American Baptist Education Society and a donation from oil magnate and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller", "57284142ff5b5019007da00e": " physical", "572843304b864d1900164848": " 1910", "572843304b864d1900164849": " 1910", "572843304b864d190016484a": " 1910", "572843304b864d190016484b": " 1910", "572843304b864d190016484c": " 1910", "57284456ff5b5019007da05c": "nard Hutchins, took office; the university underwent many changes during his 24-year tenure. Hutch", "57284456ff5b5019007da060": " the university's fifth president, Robert Maynard Hutchins, took office; the university underwent many changes during his 24-year tenure. Hutch", "57284456ff5b5019007da05f": "nard Hutchins, took office; the university underwent many changes during his 24-year tenure. Hutch", "57284456ff5b5019007da05e": "nard Hutchins, took office; the university underwent many changes during his 24-year tenure. Hutch", "57284456ff5b5019007da05d": "nard Hutchins, took office; the university underwent many changes during his 24-year tenure. Hutch", "57284618ff5b5019007da0a8": " the university became a major sponsor of a controversial urban renewal project", "57284618ff5b5019007da0a9": " the university became a major sponsor of a controversial urban renewal project", "57284618ff5b5019007da0aa": " student applications declined as a result of increasing crime and poverty in the Hyde Park neighborhood.", "57284618ff5b5019007da0ab": " student applications declined as a result of increasing crime and poverty in the Hyde Park neighborhood.", "57284618ff5b5019007da0ac": " the university became a major sponsor of a controversial urban renewal project", "572847ff3acd2414000df869": " 1962", "572847ff3acd2414000df86a": "The university experienced its share of student unrest during the 1960s, beginning in 1962, when students occupied President George Beadle's office", "572847ff3acd2414000df86b": " 1962", "572847ff3acd2414000df86c": " 1962, when students occupied President George Beadle's office in a protest over the university's off-campus rental policies.", "572847ff3acd2414000df86d": " 1962, when students occupied President George Beadle's office in a protest over the university's off-campus rental policies.", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f2": " the University of Chicago announced plans to establish the Milton Friedman Institute which attracted both support and controversy from faculty members and students. The institute will cost around $", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f3": " the University of Chicago announced plans to establish the Milton Friedman Institute which attracted both support and controversy from faculty members and students. The institute will cost around $", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f4": " the University of Chicago announced plans to establish the Milton Friedman Institute which attracted both support and controversy from faculty members and students. The institute will cost around $", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f5": " the University of Chicago announced plans to establish the Milton Friedman Institute which attracted both support and controversy from faculty members and students. The institute will cost around $", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f6": " the University of Chicago announced plans to establish the Milton Friedman Institute which attracted both support and controversy from faculty members and students. The institute will cost around $", "57284b904b864d19001648e2": " Main Quadrangles, were part of a \"master plan\" conceived by two University of Chicago trustees and plotted by Chicago architect Henry Ives Cobb", "57284b904b864d19001648e3": " Main Quadrangles, were part of a \"master plan\" conceived by two University of Chicago trustees and plotted by Chicago architect Henry Ives Cobb", "57284b904b864d19001648e4": " Cobb, Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge", "57284b904b864d19001648e5": " Main Quadrangles, were part of a \"master plan\" conceived by two University of Chicago trustees and plotted by Chicago architect Henry Ives Cobb", "57284b904b864d19001648e6": " Main Quadrangles, were part of a \"master plan\" conceived by two University of Chicago trustees and plotted by Chicago architect Henry Ives Cobb", "57284d484b864d1900164900": " Saarinen", "57284d484b864d1900164901": "ero Saarinen", "57284d484b864d1900164902": " the Gothic style on campus began to give way to modern styles. In 1955, Eero Saarinen", "57284d484b864d1900164903": " the Gothic style on campus began to give way to modern styles. In 1955, Eero Saarinen", "57284d484b864d1900164904": "ero Saarinen", "57284e9fff5b5019007da150": " Singapore, London, and the downtown Streeterville", "57284e9fff5b5019007da151": " Seine in Paris, hosts various undergraduate and graduate study programs. In fall 2010, the University of Chicago also opened a center in Beijing", "57284e9fff5b5019007da152": " Singapore, London, and the downtown Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago. The Center in Paris", "57284e9fff5b5019007da153": " Singapore, London, and the downtown Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago. The Center in Paris", "57284e9fff5b5019007da154": " Booth School of Business maintains campuses in Singapore, London, and the downtown Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago. The Center in Paris", "5728501aff5b5019007da166": " the Director of Argonne National Laboratory, Eric Isaacs, would become Provost. Isaacs was replaced as Prov", "5728501aff5b5019007da167": " 50 members including the university President.", "5728501aff5b5019007da168": " 50 members including the university President.", "5728501aff5b5019007da169": " Andrew Alper, and the President of the university is Robert Zimmer. In December 2013 it was announced that the Director of Argon", "5728501aff5b5019007da16a": "The University of Chicago is governed by a board of trustees.", "5728510f4b864d1900164936": " The Higher Learning", "5728510f4b864d1900164937": " The Higher Learning", "5728510f4b864d1900164938": " The Higher Learning", "57285213ff5b5019007da180": " 50 academic majors and 28 minors. The college's academics are divided into five divisions: the Biological Sciences Collegiate Division, the Physical Sciences Colleg", "57285213ff5b5019007da181": " 50 academic majors and 28 minors. The college's academics are divided into five divisions: the Biological Sciences Collegiate Division, the Physical Sciences Colleg", "57285213ff5b5019007da182": " 50 academic majors and 28 minors. The college's academics are divided into five divisions: the Biological Sciences Collegiate Division, the Physical Sciences Colleg", "57285213ff5b5019007da183": " 50 academic majors and 28 minors. The college's academics are divided into five divisions: the Biological Sciences Collegiate Division, the Physical Sciences Colleg", "572853e8ff5b5019007da188": " Core.", "572853e8ff5b5019007da189": "graduate students are required to take a distribution of courses to satisfy the university's core curriculum known as the Common Core.", "572853e8ff5b5019007da18a": "graduate students are required to take a distribution of courses to satisfy the university's core curriculum known as the Common Core.", "572853e8ff5b5019007da18b": "graduate students are required to take a distribution of courses to satisfy the university's core curriculum known as the Common Core.", "572855973acd2414000df925": " its undergraduate and postgraduate schools. It operates the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools", "572855973acd2414000df926": " Council on Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences", "572855973acd2414000df927": " Council on Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences", "572855973acd2414000df928": " its undergraduate and postgraduate schools. It operates the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools", "572855973acd2414000df929": " Urban Education Institute. In addition, the Hyde Park Day School, a school for students with learning disabilities, maintains a location on the University of Chicago campus", "572856beff5b5019007da190": " 9", "572856beff5b5019007da191": " Regenstein", "572856beff5b5019007da192": " Regenstein", "572856beff5b5019007da193": " Regenstein Library, which contains one of the largest collections of print volumes in the United States. The Joe and R", "572856beff5b5019007da194": " 9", "57285841ff5b5019007da19a": " 12 research instit", "57285841ff5b5019007da19b": " 12 research instit", "57285841ff5b5019007da19c": " 12 research instit", "57285841ff5b5019007da19d": " 12 research instit", "57285841ff5b5019007da19e": " Chicago also operates or is affiliated with a number of research institutions apart from the university proper.", "57286010ff5b5019007da1ca": " the university has played an important role in shaping ideas about the free market and is the namesake of the Chicago", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cb": " Miller\u2013Urey experiment, was conducted at the university. REM sleep", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cc": " Miller\u2013Urey experiment, was conducted at the university. REM sleep was discovered at the university in 1953 by Nathaniel Kleitman", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cd": " 1953 by Nathaniel Kleitman", "572861cc4b864d190016495e": " Compass", "572861cc4b864d190016495f": " Compass", "572861cc4b864d1900164960": " Compass", "572861cc4b864d1900164961": " Compass", "572861cc4b864d1900164962": " Compass", "572863363acd2414000df985": " 5,792", "572863363acd2414000df986": " 5,792", "572863363acd2414000df987": " 5,792", "572863363acd2414000df988": " 5,792", "572863363acd2414000df989": " the University of Chicago enrolled 5,792", "572864542ca10214002da2de": "The Maroons compete in the NCAA", "572864542ca10214002da2df": " the NCAA's Division III", "572864542ca10214002da2e0": " Sweet Sixteen", "572864542ca10214002da2e1": " Sweet Sixteen. In 1935, Chicago Maroons football player Jay Berwanger", "572864542ca10214002da2e2": " Sweet Sixteen", "5728659f4b864d190016498a": " cultural and religious groups, academic clubs and teams, and common-interest organizations.", "5728659f4b864d190016498b": " cultural and religious groups, academic clubs and teams, and common-interest organizations.", "5728659f4b864d190016498c": " cultural and religious groups, academic clubs and teams, and common-interest organizations.", "5728659f4b864d190016498d": " cultural and religious groups, academic clubs and teams, and common-interest organizations.", "5728659f4b864d190016498e": " cultural and religious groups, academic clubs and teams, and common-interest organizations.", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fc": " The University of Chicago Student Government", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fd": " The University of Chicago Student Government", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fe": " The University of Chicago Student Government", "5728667eff5b5019007da1ff": " The University of Chicago Student Government", "572867543acd2414000df9a1": " Greek life.", "572867543acd2414000df9a2": " Greek life.", "572867543acd2414000df9a3": " Greek life.", "572867543acd2414000df9a4": " fraternities and seven sororities at the University of Chicago, as well as one co-ed community service", "572867543acd2414000df9a5": " the Associate Director of Student Activities estimated that 8\u201310 percent of undergraduates were members of fraternities or sororities. The student activities office", "5728683b3acd2414000df9af": " Kuviasungnerk/Kangeiko, which include early morning exercise routines and fitness workshops. The university also annually holds a summer carnival", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b0": " Kuviasungnerk/Kangeiko, which include early morning exercise routines and fitness workshops. The university also annually holds a summer carnival", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b1": " Kuviasungnerk/Kangeiko, which include early morning exercise routines and fitness workshops. The university also annually holds a summer carnival", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b2": " Kuviasungnerk/Kangeiko, which include early morning exercise routines and fitness workshops. The university also annually holds a summer carnival", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b3": " Kuviasungnerk/Kangeiko, which include early morning exercise routines and fitness workshops. The university also annually holds a summer carnival", "57286951ff5b5019007da20e": " MF", "57286951ff5b5019007da20f": " MF", "57286951ff5b5019007da210": " MF", "57286951ff5b5019007da211": " MF", "57286951ff5b5019007da212": " MF", "57286ab72ca10214002da31e": " the founder of modern community organizing", "57286ab72ca10214002da31f": " the founder of modern community organizing", "57286ab72ca10214002da320": " Saul Alinsky, Obama campaign advisor and top political advisor to President Bill Clinton David Axelrod, Attorney General and federal judge Robert Bork", "57286ab72ca10214002da321": " Saul Alinsky, Obama campaign advisor and top", "57286ab72ca10214002da322": " government and politics", "57286bf84b864d19001649d4": " Lauren Oliver", "57286bf84b864d19001649d6": " Lauren Oliver", "57286bf84b864d19001649d2": " Lauren Oliver", "57286bf84b864d19001649d5": " Lauren Oliver", "57286bf84b864d19001649d3": " Lauren Oliver", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e0": " minimalist composer Philip Glass", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e1": " minimalist", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e2": " minimalist composer Philip Glass", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e3": " minimalist composer Philip Glass", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e4": " minimalist composer Philip Glass", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d1": " astronomers", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d2": "Hubble's Law\", NASA astronaut John M. Gr", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d3": " scientific research of extraterrestrial life, and Edwin Hubble, known for \"Hubble's Law\", NASA astronaut John M. Gr", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d4": "Hubble's Law\", NASA astronaut John M. Gr", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d5": "Hubble's Law\", NASA astronaut John M. Gr", "572870b2ff5b5019007da222": " alumn", "572870b2ff5b5019007da223": " alumn", "572870b2ff5b5019007da224": " social theorist, political philosopher, and author Thomas Sowell is also an alumn", "572870b2ff5b5019007da225": " alumn", "572871bc4b864d1900164a04": "Lu", "572871bc4b864d1900164a05": "Lu", "572871bc4b864d1900164a06": "Lu", "572872dd2ca10214002da37e": " A. A. Michelson, elementary charge", "572872dd2ca10214002da37f": " A. A. Michelson", "572872dd2ca10214002da380": " A. A. Michelson, elementary charge", "572872dd2ca10214002da381": " A. A. Michelson, elementary charge", "572872dd2ca10214002da382": " A. A. Michelson, elementary charge calculator Robert A. Millikan, discoverer of the Compton", "5728742cff5b5019007da246": "asted", "5728742cff5b5019007da247": " Egyptologist James Henry Breasted", "5728742cff5b5019007da248": " Egyptologist James Henry Breasted", "5728742cff5b5019007da249": " Egyptologist James Henry Breasted", "5728742cff5b5019007da24a": " Egyptologist James Henry Breasted", "5728759cff5b5019007da25b": " Marshall", "5728759cff5b5019007da25a": " Austan G", "5728759cff5b5019007da25c": " Austan G", "5728759cff5b5019007da25d": " Marshall", "5728759cff5b5019007da25e": " Austan G", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b6": " Chinese language, while others only used their native language (i.", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b7": " Northern Yuan dynasty. Some of the Mongolian Emperors of the Yuan mastered the Chinese language, while others only used their native language (i.", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b8": " Northern Yuan dynasty. Some of the Mongolian Emperors of the Yuan mastered the Chinese language, while others only used their native language (i.", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b9": " pinyin: Yu\u00e1n Ch\u00e1o), officially the Great Yuan (Chinese: \u5927\u5143; pinyin", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1ba": " pinyin: Yu\u00e1n Ch\u00e1o), officially the Great Yuan (Chinese: \u5927\u5143; pinyin", "572860e03acd2414000df977": " M\u00f6ngke Khan after the division of the Mongol Empire. In official Chinese histories, the Yuan dynasty bore the Mandate of Heaven", "572860e03acd2414000df978": " Taizu.[b] In the Proclamation of the Dynastic Name (\u300a\u5efa\u570b\u865f\u8a54", "572860e03acd2414000df979": " Taizu.[b] In the Proclamation of the Dynastic Name (\u300a\u5efa\u570b\u865f\u8a54", "572860e03acd2414000df97a": " Taizu", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dc": " khanate within the Mongol Empire directly ruled by Great Khans before the actual establishment of the Yuan dynasty by Kublai Khan", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dd": " khanate within the Mongol Empire directly ruled by Great Khans before the actual establishment of the Yuan dynasty by Kublai Khan", "57286192ff5b5019007da1de": " khanate within the Mongol Empire directly", "57286192ff5b5019007da1df": " khanate within the Mongol Empire directly ruled by Great Khans before the actual establishment of the Yuan dynasty by Kublai Khan", "57286192ff5b5019007da1e0": " khanate within the Mongol Empire directly ruled by Great Khans before the actual establishment of the Yuan dynasty by Kublai Khan", "572863c72ca10214002da2d4": " the Mongol and Turkic tribes", "572863c72ca10214002da2d5": " 1206", "572863c72ca10214002da2d6": " stepp", "572863c72ca10214002da2d7": "Genghis Khan united the Mongol and Turkic tribes of the stepp", "572863c72ca10214002da2d8": " stepp", "572864dd4b864d1900164976": " Khitan defected to the Mongols to fight against the Jin.", "572864dd4b864d1900164977": " Khitan defected to the Mongols to fight against the Jin.", "572864dd4b864d1900164978": " Khitan", "572864dd4b864d1900164979": " Khitan defected to the Mongols to fight against the Jin.", "572864dd4b864d190016497a": " 10", "5728661e2ca10214002da2e8": " Interethnic marriage between Han and Jurchen", "5728661e2ca10214002da2e9": " Jurchen", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ea": " Jurchen", "5728661e2ca10214002da2eb": " Turkic people and were considered part of the \"Mongol nation\". Shi Tian", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ec": "agaan (Tsagaan) and Zhang Rou jointly launched an attack on the Song dynasty ordered by T\u00f6regene", "572867212ca10214002da2f2": " Kaiping that elected him Great Khan. A rival kurultai in Mongolia proclaimed Ariq B\u00f6", "572867212ca10214002da2f3": "M\u00f6ngke Khan commenced a military campaign against the Chinese Song dynasty", "572867212ca10214002da2f4": " 1256. He died in 1259", "572867212ca10214002da2f5": "M\u00f6ngke Khan commenced a military campaign against the Chinese Song dynasty", "572867212ca10214002da2f6": " Chinese era name of Zhongtong", "572867d72ca10214002da2fc": " Li Tan, the son-in-", "572867d72ca10214002da2fd": " Li Tan, the son-in-", "572867d72ca10214002da2fe": " Li Tan, the son-in-", "572867d72ca10214002da2ff": " Li Tan, the son-in-", "572867d72ca10214002da300": " Kublai Khan's reign. Ogedei", "572869b84b864d19001649ae": " Confucian imperial examinations and divided Yuan society into three, later four, classes with the Han Chinese occupying the lowest rank.", "572869b84b864d19001649b0": " Confucian imperial examinations and divided Yuan society into three, later four, classes with the Han Chinese occupying the lowest rank.", "572869b84b864d19001649b2": " Confucian imperial examinations and divided Yuan society into three, later four, classes with the Han Chinese occupying the lowest rank.", "572869b84b864d19001649b1": " Confucian imperial examinations and divided Yuan society into three, later four, classes with the Han Chinese occupying the lowest rank.", "572869b84b864d19001649af": " Confucian imperial examinations and divided Yuan society into three, later four, classes with the Han Chinese occupying the lowest rank.", "57286b003acd2414000df9c1": " Khublai evoked his public image as a sage emperor", "57286b003acd2414000df9c2": " Khublai evoked his public image as a sage emperor", "57286b003acd2414000df9c3": " Khublai evoked his public image as a sage emperor", "57286b003acd2414000df9c4": " Khublai evoked his public image as a sage emperor", "57286b003acd2414000df9c5": " Khublai evoked his public image as a sage emperor", "57286bb84b864d19001649c8": " Khan", "57286bb84b864d19001649c9": "ai Khan promoted commercial, scientific, and cultural growth. He supported the merchants of the Silk Road", "57286bb84b864d19001649ca": "ai Khan", "57286bb84b864d19001649cb": " the West. Kublai expanded the Grand Canal from southern China to Daidu", "57286bb84b864d19001649cc": " Khan promoted commercial, scientific, and cultural growth. He supported the merchants of the Silk Road", "57286c8cff5b5019007da218": " 30,000. During the Yuan dynasty, one of Confu", "57286c8cff5b5019007da219": " 30,000. During the Yuan dynasty, one of Confu", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21a": " 30,000. During the Yuan dynasty, one of Confu", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21b": " 30,000. During the Yuan dynasty, one of Confu", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21c": " 30,000. During the Yuan dynasty, one of Confu", "57286d4f2ca10214002da328": " An unsuccessful naval expedition was undertaken against Japan in 1274. Kubl", "57286d4f2ca10214002da329": " An unsuccessful naval expedition was undertaken against Japan in 1274. Kubl", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32a": " An unsuccessful naval expedition was undertaken against Japan in 1274. Kubl", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32b": " Kublai pursued an expansionist", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32c": " Kublai pursued an expansionist policy in line with the tradition of Mongol and Chinese imperialism. He renewed a massive drive against the Song dynasty", "57286dfa2ca10214002da332": " 1279. Wars and construction projects", "57286dfa2ca10214002da333": " financial problems. Kublai's second invasion of Japan in 1281 failed because of an inauspicious typhoon", "57286dfa2ca10214002da334": " 1279. Wars and construction projects", "57286dfa2ca10214002da335": " 1279. Wars and construction projects", "57286dfa2ca10214002da336": " 1279. Wars and construction projects", "57286ead2ca10214002da346": " the former ruling Duan dynasty were appointed as governors-general, recognized as imperial", "57286ead2ca10214002da347": " Tem\u00fcr Khan, or Emperor Chengzong, from 1294 to 130", "57286ead2ca10214002da348": " Tem\u00fcr Khan, or Emperor Chengzong, from 1294 to 130", "57286ead2ca10214002da349": " the former ruling Duan dynasty were appointed as governors-general, recognized as imperial", "57286ead2ca10214002da34a": " the former ruling Duan dynasty were appointed as governors-general, recognized as imperial", "57286f373acd2414000df9db": " 1313 the traditional imperial examinations were reintrodu", "57286f373acd2414000df9dc": "The fourth Yuan emperor, Buyantu Khan (Ayurbarw", "57286f373acd2414000df9dd": " Li Meng", "57286f373acd2414000df9de": "The fourth Yuan emperor, Buyantu Khan (Ayurbarw", "57286f373acd2414000df9df": "The fourth Yuan", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e5": " steppe elite opposed to Confucian reforms", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e6": " Confucian reforms", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e7": "peror Gegeen Khan", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e8": " Confucian reforms", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e9": " steppe elite opposed to Confucian reforms", "5728705c2ca10214002da35a": " 1328, Tugh Tem\u00fcr was recalled to Khanbal", "5728705c2ca10214002da35b": " Capitals", "5728705c2ca10214002da35c": " Yes\u00fcn Tem\u00fcr died in Shangdu in 1328, Tugh Tem\u00fcr was recalled to Khanbal", "5728705c2ca10214002da35d": " Yes\u00fcn Tem\u00fcr died in Shangdu in 1328, Tugh Tem\u00fcr was recalled to Khanbal", "5728705c2ca10214002da35e": " Yes\u00fcn", "5728710c3acd2414000df9ef": " Confucianism and promoting Chinese cultural values.", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f0": " Confucianism and promoting Chinese cultural values.", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f1": " Confucianism and promoting Chinese cultural values.", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f2": " Confucianism and promoting Chinese cultural values", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f3": " El Tem\u00fcr", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa03": " 1332", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa04": " Kublai Khan, was summoned back from Guangxi and", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa05": " the 13-year-old Toghun Tem\u00fcr (Em", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa06": " the 13-year-old Toghun Tem\u00fcr (Em", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa07": " the 13-year-old Toghun Tem\u00fcr (Em", "572872822ca10214002da374": "The final years of the Yuan dynasty were marked by struggle, famine, and bitterness among the populace.", "572872822ca10214002da375": " the Mongols beyond the Middle Kingdom", "572872822ca10214002da376": "The final years of the Yuan dynasty were marked by struggle, famine, and bitterness among the populace.", "572872822ca10214002da377": " dissension and unrest", "572872822ca10214002da378": "interested in administration", "57287338ff5b5019007da232": " M\u00edng dynasty (1368\u20131644), founded by Zhu Yuanzhang in the south. He had tried to regain Khanbal", "57287338ff5b5019007da233": " the Red Turban Rebellion", "57287338ff5b5019007da234": " local warlords' military power, and gradually lost his interest in politics and ceased to intervene in political struggles", "57287338ff5b5019007da235": " the government's lack of effective policy led to a loss of popular support. In 1351, the Red Turban Rebellion", "57287338ff5b5019007da236": " M\u00edng dynasty (1368\u20131644), founded by Zhu Yuanzhang in the south. He had tried to regain Khanbal", "572878942ca10214002da3a2": " rich", "572878942ca10214002da3a3": " The other cultures and peoples in the Mongol World Empire", "572878942ca10214002da3a4": " Ilkhan", "572878942ca10214002da3a5": " rich cultural", "572879574b864d1900164a14": " musical instruments were introduced to enrich Chinese performing arts.", "572879574b864d1900164a15": " musical instruments were introduced to enrich Chinese performing arts.", "572879574b864d1900164a16": " musical instruments were introduced to enrich Chinese performing arts.", "572879574b864d1900164a17": " musical instruments were introduced to enrich Chinese performing arts.", "572879574b864d1900164a18": " musical instruments were introduced to enrich Chinese performing arts.", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a28": " The most famous traveler of the period was the Venetian Marco Polo", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a29": " 1299. Some argue over the accuracy of Marco Polo's accounts due to the lack", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2a": " 1299. Some argue over the accuracy of Marco Polo's accounts due to the lack", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2b": " 1299. Some argue over the accuracy of Marco Polo's accounts due to the lack", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2c": " Persian traders", "57287c142ca10214002da3d0": " Gregorian calendar's measurement. Road and water communications", "57287c142ca10214002da3d1": " 365.2425", "57287c142ca10214002da3d2": " Gregorian calendar's measurement. Road and water communications", "57287c142ca10214002da3d3": " Gregorian calendar's measurement. Road and water communications", "57287c142ca10214002da3d4": " hydraulic engineering. Contacts with the West also brought the introduction to China of a major food crop, sorghum", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3da": " Yuan dynasty is traditionally often extended to cover the Mongol Empire", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3db": " Mongol Empire", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dc": " the first time that non-native Chinese people ruled all of China.", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dd": " the first time that non-native Chinese people ruled all of China.", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3de": "The Yuan dynasty was the first time that non-native Chinese people ruled all of China.", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e4": "-style elements of the bureaucracy mainly came from the native Tang, Song, as well as Khitan Liao and Jurchen Jin dynasties", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e5": "-style elements of the bureaucracy mainly came from the native Tang, Song, as well as Khitan Liao and Jurchen Jin dynasties", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e6": "-style elements of the bureaucracy mainly came from the native Tang, Song, as well as Khitan Liao and Jurchen Jin dynasties", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e7": "-style elements of the bureaucracy mainly came from the native Tang, Song, as well as Khitan Liao and Jurchen Jin dynasties.", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e8": "-style elements of the bureaucracy mainly came from the native Tang, Song, as well as Khitan Liao and Jurchen Jin dynasties", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa3f": " Sui and Tang dynasties) gave a Sinicized", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa40": " Sui and Tang dynasties) gave a Sinicized", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa41": " Sui and Tang dynasties) gave a Sinicized", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa42": " Sui and Tang dynasties) gave a Sinicized", "57287e512ca10214002da3f8": " the 'Phags-pa script, a unified script for spelling Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese", "57287e512ca10214002da3f9": " Emperors could not master written Chinese", "57287e512ca10214002da3fa": " Emperors could not master written Chinese", "57287e512ca10214002da3fb": " the 'Phags-pa script, a unified script for spelling Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese", "57287e512ca10214002da3fc": " Emperors could not master written Chinese", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da274": " Kublai in 1291", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da275": " 1291 forb", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da276": " 1291 forb", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa51": " classical joining together of the arts of painting, poetry, and call", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa52": " classical joining together of the arts of painting, poetry, and call", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa53": " classical joining together of the arts of painting, poetry, and call", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa54": " classical joining together of the arts of painting, poetry, and call", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa55": " classical joining together of the arts of painting, poetry, and call", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3c": " Sakya sect of Tibetan Buddhism, other religions became less important. He and his successors kept a Sakya Imperial Preceptor", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3d": " Sakya sect of Tibetan Buddhism, other religions became less important. He and his successors kept a Sakya Imperial Preceptor", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3e": " Sakya sect of Tibetan Buddhism, other religions became less important. He and his successors kept a Sakya Imperial Preceptor", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3f": " Sakya sect of Tibetan Buddhism, other religions became less important.", "57287fec4b864d1900164a40": " Sakya sect of Tibetan Buddhism, other religions became less important. He and his successors kept a Sakya Imperial Preceptor", "5728804b4b864d1900164a46": " polynomial algebra", "5728804b4b864d1900164a47": " polynomial algebra", "5728804b4b864d1900164a48": " unknown", "5728804b4b864d1900164a49": "Advances in polynomial algebra", "5728804b4b864d1900164a4a": " polynomial algebra", "5728809f2ca10214002da40c": " spherical trigonometry. Gou derived a cubic", "5728809f2ca10214002da40d": "Guo", "5728809f2ca10214002da40e": "Guo", "5728809f2ca10214002da40f": "Guo", "5728809f2ca10214002da410": "Guo Shoujing applied mathematics to the construction of calendars", "572881022ca10214002da416": " spiritual cures", "572881022ca10214002da417": " spiritual cures", "572881022ca10214002da418": " spiritual cures", "572881022ca10214002da419": " Imperial Academy of Medicine to manage medical treatises", "572881022ca10214002da41a": " Heal", "572881704b864d1900164a50": " the Yuan inherited from the Jin dynasty.", "572881704b864d1900164a51": " the Yuan inherited from the Jin dynasty.", "572881704b864d1900164a52": " elixirs were transmitted westward to the Middle East and the rest of the empire", "572881704b864d1900164a53": " moxibustion, pulse diagnosis, and various herbal drugs", "572881704b864d1900164a54": " moxibustion, pulse diagnosis, and various herbal drugs", "572881d34b864d1900164a5a": " Muslim", "572881d34b864d1900164a5b": " Nestorian Christians", "572881d34b864d1900164a5c": " The Nestorian physician Jesus the Interpreter founded the Office of Western Medicine in 1263", "572881d34b864d1900164a5d": " the Nestorian Christians", "572881d34b864d1900164a5e": " Avicenna", "572882242ca10214002da420": " Kingdom of Qocho", "572882242ca10214002da421": " Kingdom of Qocho", "572882242ca10214002da422": " Kingdom of Qocho and Tibetan intermediaries. Some Yuan documents such as Wang Zhen's Nong Shu were printed with earthenware", "572882242ca10214002da423": " Kingdom of Qocho", "572882242ca10214002da424": " Kingdom of Qocho and Tibetan intermediaries", "5728827b2ca10214002da42a": " Chao were made from the bark of mulberry trees. The Yuan government used woodblocks to print paper money, but switched to bronze", "5728827b2ca10214002da42b": " Chao were made from the bark of mulberry trees. The Yuan government used woodblocks to print paper money, but switched to bronze", "5728827b2ca10214002da42c": " Chao", "5728827b2ca10214002da42d": " Chao were made from the bark of mulberry trees. The Yuan government used woodblocks to print paper money, but switched to bronze", "5728827b2ca10214002da42e": " Chao were made from the bark of mulberry trees. The Yuan government used woodblocks to print paper money, but switched to bronze", "572883153acd2414000dfa6f": " Ilkhanate", "572883153acd2414000dfa70": " Ilkhanate", "572883153acd2414000dfa71": " Ilkhanate", "572883153acd2414000dfa72": " Ilkhanate", "572883153acd2414000dfa73": " Ilkhanate", "572883a33acd2414000dfa79": " the Mongols imported Central Asian Muslims", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7a": " the Mongols imported Central Asian Muslims", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7b": " Asian areas like Besh Baliq, Almaliq, and Samarqand by the Mongols", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7c": " Han Chinese were moved to Central Asian areas like Besh Baliq, Almaliq, and Samarqand by the Mongols", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7d": " The Mongol appointed Governor of Samarqand", "57288428ff5b5019007da28e": " Halal slaughter and other Islamic practices like circumcision, as well as Kosher butchering for Jews, forcing them to eat food the Mongol way.", "57288428ff5b5019007da28f": " semu class also revol", "57288428ff5b5019007da290": " semu class also revol", "57288428ff5b5019007da291": " Chinese surname which meant \"barracks\" and could also mean \"thanks\".", "57288428ff5b5019007da292": " the rebellion was crushed and the Muslims were massac", "5728848cff5b5019007da298": "The historian Frederick W. Mote", "5728848cff5b5019007da299": "The historian Frederick W. Mote", "5728848cff5b5019007da29a": "The historian Frederick W. Mote", "5728848cff5b5019007da29b": "The historian Frederick W. Mote", "572885023acd2414000dfa83": " Northern Chinese were ranked higher and Southern Chinese were", "572885023acd2414000dfa84": " Northern Chinese were ranked higher and Southern Chinese were", "572885023acd2414000dfa85": " The earlier they surrendered to the Mong", "572885023acd2414000dfa86": " The earlier they surrendered to the Mong", "572885023acd2414000dfa87": " Northern Chinese were ranked higher and Southern Chinese were", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8d": " Qocho", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8e": " the Mongols", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8f": " the Mongols", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa90": " Qocho", "572885c44b864d1900164a78": "The Central Region, consisting of present-day Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, the south-eastern part of present-", "572885c44b864d1900164a79": "The Central Region, consisting of present-day Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, the south-eastern part of present-", "572885c44b864d1900164a7a": " Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, the south-eastern part of present-", "572885c44b864d1900164a7b": "The Central Region, consisting of present-day Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, the south-eastern part of present-", "572885c44b864d1900164a7c": " present-day Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, the south-eastern part of present-", "5728dab94b864d1900164f96": " 45 million", "5728dab94b864d1900164f97": " 45 million people in July", "5728dab94b864d1900164f98": " 45 million people in July", "5728dab94b864d1900164f99": " 45 million", "5728dab94b864d1900164f9a": " 45 million", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dc": " warm and humid", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dd": " warm and humid", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9de": " Indian Ocean coastline.", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9df": " warm and humid", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9e0": " The climate is", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac2": " Kenya is a part of, has been inhabited by humans since the Lower Paleolithic period. By the first millennium AD", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac3": " been inhabited by humans since the Lower Paleolithic period. By the first millennium AD", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac4": " been", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac5": " been inhabited by humans since the Lower Paleolithic period. By the first millennium AD", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac6": "The African Great Lakes region, which Kenya is a part of, has been inhabited by humans since the Lower Paleolithic period. By the first millennium AD", "5728f5376aef0514001548c4": " volcanic eruptions of Mount Kenya (now extinct) may have resulted in its association with divinity", "5728f5376aef0514001548c5": " volcanic eruptions of Mount Kenya (now extinct) may have resulted in its association with divinity", "5728f5376aef0514001548c6": " volcanic eruptions of Mount Kenya (now extinct) may have resulted in its association with divinity", "5728f9342ca10214002dab52": " Kenia and Kegnia", "5728f9342ca10214002dab53": "Ludwig Krapf recorded the name as both Kenia and Kegnia", "5728f9342ca10214002dab54": "Ludwig Krapf recorded the name as both Kenia and Kegnia", "5728f9342ca10214002dab55": "Ludwig Krapf recorded the name as both Kenia and Kegnia", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165166": " the lion, leopard, buffalo, rh", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165167": " the lion, leopard, buffalo, rh", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165168": " the lion, leopard, buffalo, rh", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165169": " June and September with millions of animals taking part, attracting valuable foreign tourism. Two million wildebeest migrate a distance of 2,900 kilometres", "5728f9cf4b864d190016516a": " June and September with millions of animals taking part, attracting valuable foreign tourism. Two million wildebeest migrate a distance of 2,900 kilometres", "5728fa576aef051400154920": " Pleistocene epoch. During excavations at Lake Turk", "5728fa576aef051400154921": " Pleistocene epoch. During excavations at Lake Turk", "5728fa576aef051400154922": " Pleistocene epoch. During excavations at Lake Turk", "5728fa576aef051400154923": " Pleistocene epoch. During excavations at Lake Turk", "5728fa576aef051400154924": " Pleistocene epoch. During excavations at Lake Turk", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3b": " Mombasa", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3c": "The Swahili built Mombasa", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3d": "The Swahili built Mombasa into a major port city and established trade links with other nearby city-states", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef5": " Swahili", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef6": " Swahili settlement since the 14th century and once rivalled Mombasa", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef7": " Swahili settlement since the 14th century and once rivalled Mombasa for dominance in the African Great Lakes region. Malindi", "5729024f1d04691400778f5f": " the governors of British East Africa (as the Protectorate was generally known) and German East Africa agreed a truce in an", "5729024f1d04691400778f60": " an attempt to keep the young colonies out of direct hostilities. Lt Col Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck", "5729024f1d04691400778f61": " an attempt to keep the young colonies out of direct hostilities. Lt Col Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck", "5729024f1d04691400778f62": "beck", "5729024f1d04691400778f63": " Northern Rhodesia (today Zambia) fourteen days after the Armistice", "572903d96aef0514001549a4": " coffee, introduced a hut tax, and the landless were granted less and less land in exchange for their labour. A massive exodus to the cities", "572903d96aef0514001549a5": " coffee, introduced a hut tax, and the landless were granted less and less land in exchange for their labour. A massive exodus to the cities", "572903d96aef0514001549a6": " coffee, introduced a hut tax, and the landless were granted less and less land in exchange for their labour. A massive exodus to the cities", "572903d96aef0514001549a7": " coffee, introduced a hut tax, and the landless were granted less and less land in exchange for their labour. A massive exodus to the cities", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4d": " The Home Guard formed the core of the government's strategy as it was composed of loyalist Africans, not foreign forces like the British Army", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4e": " The Home Guard formed the core of the government's strategy as it was composed of loyalist Africans, not foreign forces like the British Army", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4f": " Mau Mau command structure. Operation An", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f50": " The Home Guard formed the core of the government's strategy as it was composed of loyalist Africans, not foreign forces like the British Army", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f51": " The Home Guard formed the core of the government's strategy as it was composed of loyalist Africans, not foreign forces like the British Army", "572906e23f37b31900477f8d": " Kenya Independence Act 1963", "572906e23f37b31900477f8e": " Kenya Independence Act 1963", "572906e23f37b31900477f8f": " Kenya Independence Act 1963", "572906e23f37b31900477f90": " Kenya Independence Act 1963", "572906e23f37b31900477f91": " Kenya Independence Act 1963", "572909406aef0514001549dc": "queuing) system, where voters were supposed to line up behind their favoured candidates instead of a secret ballot.", "572909406aef0514001549dd": "queuing) system, where voters were supposed to line up behind their favoured candidates instead of a secret ballot.", "572909406aef0514001549de": "queuing) system, where voters were supposed to line up behind their favoured candidates instead of a secret ballot.", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc5": " The President is both the head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system.", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc6": " The President is both the head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system.", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc7": " The President is both the head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system.", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc8": " The President is both the head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system.", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc9": " The President is both the head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system.", "57290b21af94a219006a9fcf": " Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index (CPI), a metric which attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries.", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd0": " Transparency", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd1": " Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index (CPI), a metric which attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries.", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd2": " Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index (CPI), a metric which attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries.", "57290d811d04691400778fcf": " the Party of National Unity ran for re-election against the main opposition party, the Orange Democratic Movement (ODM).", "57290d811d04691400778fd0": " international observers saying that they were below international standards.", "57290d811d04691400778fd1": " Odinga", "57290d811d04691400778fd2": "aki", "57290e153f37b31900477fd9": " the government and civil society organisations started programmes to avoid similar disasters", "57290e153f37b31900477fda": " Evangelical Lutheran Church in Kenya started peace meetings and the Kenya National Dialogue and Reconciliation", "57290e153f37b31900477fdb": " the government and civil society organisations started programmes to avoid similar disasters", "57290e153f37b31900477fdc": " the government and civil society organisations started programmes to avoid similar disasters", "57290ee2af94a219006a9fff": " Odinga would become Kenya's second Prime", "57290ee2af94a219006aa000": " Odinga would become Kenya's second Prime", "57290ee2af94a219006aa001": " Odinga would become Kenya's second Prime", "57290ee2af94a219006aa002": " Odinga would become Kenya's second Prime", "57290ee2af94a219006aa003": " Odinga would become Kenya's second Prime", "57290f963f37b31900477feb": " MP who will be the leader of the party or coalition with majority members in Parliament. The world watched Annan", "57290f963f37b31900477fec": " finer details of the power-sharing agreement. Kenyan lawmakers unanimously approved a power-sharing deal 18 March 2008", "57290f963f37b31900477fed": " finer details of the power-sharing agreement. Kenyan lawmakers unanimously approved a power-sharing deal 18 March 2008", "57290f963f37b31900477fee": " Kenyan lawmakers unanimously approved a power-sharing deal 18 March 2008", "57290f963f37b31900477fef": " finer details of the power-sharing agreement. Kenyan lawmakers unanimously approved a power-sharing deal 18 March 2008", "572913626aef051400154a30": " August 2010", "572913626aef051400154a31": " August 2010", "572913626aef051400154a32": " constitutional change was considered that would eliminate the position of Prime Minister and simultaneously reduce the powers of the President.", "572913626aef051400154a33": " August 2010", "572913626aef051400154a34": " August 2010", "572914441d04691400779025": " Jubillee Coalition", "572914441d04691400779026": "lee Coalition", "572914441d04691400779027": "lee Coalition", "572914441d04691400779028": "lee Coalition", "572914441d04691400779029": " Jubillee Coalition", "572914f46aef051400154a46": " African trip. Later in the summer, Kenyatta visited China", "572914f46aef051400154a47": " African trip. Later in the summer, Kenyatta visited China", "572914f46aef051400154a48": " International Criminal Court trial", "572914f46aef051400154a49": " International Criminal Court trial", "572915621d0469140077902f": "The armed forces are regularly deployed in peacekeeping missions", "572915621d04691400779030": "The armed forces are regularly deployed in peacekeeping missions", "572915621d04691400779031": "The armed forces are regularly deployed in peacekeeping missions", "572915e43f37b31900478005": " Kenyan standards unprecedented revelations, in 2010, credible claims of corruption were made with regard to recruitment and procurement of Armoured Personnel Carriers", "572915e43f37b31900478006": " Kenyan standards unprecedented revelations, in 2010, credible claims of corruption were made with regard to recruitment and procurement of Armoured Personnel Carriers", "572915e43f37b31900478007": " Kenyan standards unprecedented revelations, in 2010, credible claims of corruption were made with regard to recruitment and procurement of Armoured Personnel Carriers", "572915e43f37b31900478008": " Kenyan standards unprecedented revelations, in 2010, credible claims of corruption were made with regard to recruitment and procurement of Armoured Personnel Carriers", "572916f16aef051400154a56": "HDI) of 0.519", "572916f16aef051400154a57": "HD", "572916f16aef051400154a58": "HD", "572916f16aef051400154a59": " the biggest and most advanced economy in east and central Africa, and has an affluent urban minority, it has a Human Development Index (HD", "572917743f37b3190047800d": " rapid expansion in telecommunication and financial activity", "572917743f37b3190047800f": "East and Central Africa's biggest economy has posted tremendous growth", "572917743f37b31900478010": " 22% of GDP still comes from the unreliable agricultural", "572917743f37b3190047800e": " 22% of GDP still comes from the unreliable agricultural", "572917ff6aef051400154a5e": " US$803 million, up from US$699 million the previous year. Presently, there are also numerous Shopping Malls", "572917ff6aef051400154a5f": " US$803 million, up from US$699 million the previous year. Presently, there are also numerous Shopping Malls", "572917ff6aef051400154a60": " the late 1980s had become the country's principal source of foreign exchange. Tourists", "572917ff6aef051400154a62": " coastal beaches and the game reserves", "572917ff6aef051400154a61": " coastal beaches and the game reserves", "572918bd3f37b31900478016": " the second largest contributor to Kenya's gross domestic product (GDP), after the service sector. In 2005 agriculture, including forestry and fishing, accounted", "572918bd3f37b31900478017": "G", "572918bd3f37b31900478015": " the service sector. In 2005 agriculture, including forestry and fishing, accounted", "572918bd3f37b31900478018": " the service sector.", "57291a7b1d0469140077903f": " the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics", "57291a7b1d04691400779040": " the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics", "57291a7b1d04691400779041": " the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics", "57291a7b1d04691400779042": " Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics", "57291a7b1d04691400779043": " Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics", "57291b461d04691400779049": " Livestock predominates in the semi-arid savanna", "57291b461d0469140077904a": " Livestock predominates in the semi-arid savanna", "57291b461d0469140077904b": " the semi-arid savanna", "57291b461d0469140077904c": " Livestock predominates in the semi-arid savanna", "57291b461d0469140077904d": " Livestock predominates in the semi-arid savanna", "57291beb1d04691400779053": " Kenya is the most industrially developed country in the African Great", "57291beb1d04691400779054": " informal sector commonly referred to as Jua Kali engages in small-scale manufacturing of household goods, motor-vehicle parts, and farm implements.[c", "57291beb1d04691400779055": " informal sector commonly referred to as Jua Kali engages in small-scale manufacturing of household goods, motor-vehicle parts, and farm implements.[c", "57291beb1d04691400779056": " Kenya is the most industrially developed country in the African Great Lakes region, manufacturing still accounts", "57291d9e3f37b31900478035": " AGOA took effect in", "57291d9e3f37b31900478036": "AGOA) has given a boost to manufacturing in recent years. Since AGOA took effect in", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09b": " Kenya Electricity Generating Company", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09c": " Kenya Electricity Generating Company", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09d": " Kenya Electricity Generating Company", "57291f153f37b31900478043": " the commercial viability was just discovered. Tullow Oil", "57291f153f37b31900478044": " the commercial viability was just discovered. Tullow Oil", "57291f153f37b31900478045": " Turkana and the commercial viability was just discovered. Tullow Oil", "57291f153f37b31900478046": " Petroleum", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b1": " Capital FM", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b2": " Capital FM", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b3": " Capital FM website by Liu Guangyuan", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b4": " Capital FM website by Liu Guangyuan", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b5": " Base resources", "57292046af94a219006aa0bb": " the Kenyan government unveiled Vision 2030, an economic development programme it hopes will put the country in the same league as the Asian Economic Tigers by", "57292046af94a219006aa0bc": " 200", "57292046af94a219006aa0bd": " the Secretary of the Ministry of Planning, National Development and Vision 2030 emphasised that climate will be a central issue in the renewed Medium Term Plan", "57292046af94a219006aa0be": " 200", "57292046af94a219006aa0bf": " Kenyan government unveiled Vision 2030", "572920d73f37b31900478055": " Kenya has ratified Convention No. 81 on labour inspection in industries and Convention No", "572920d73f37b31900478056": " Kenya has ratified Convention No. 81 on labour inspection in industries and Convention No", "572920d73f37b31900478057": " Kenya has ratified Convention No. 81 on labour inspection in industries and Convention No", "572920d73f37b31900478058": " Kenya has ratified Convention No. 81 on labour inspection in industries and Convention No", "572921646aef051400154a78": " English", "572921646aef051400154a79": " English", "572921646aef051400154a7a": " English", "572921646aef051400154a7b": " Bantu languages, such as Swahili and Kikuyu. It has been developing since colonisation and also contains certain elements of American English", "572922206aef051400154a8a": " 47.7% regarding themselves as Protestant and 23.5% as Roman Catholic of the Latin Rite.", "572922206aef051400154a8b": " 47.7% regarding themselves as Protestant and 23.5% as Roman Catholic of the Latin Rite.", "572922206aef051400154a8c": " conservative Reformed churches, the Africa Evangelical Presbyterian Church, the Independent Presbyterian Church in Kenya, and the Reformed Church of East Africa", "572922206aef051400154a8d": " 133,000 members.", "57292449af94a219006aa0dd": " 50% of the total population there.", "57292449af94a219006aa0de": " 50% of the total population there.", "57292449af94a219006aa0df": " 50% of the total population there.", "57292449af94a219006aa0e0": " Hindu population in Kenya (around", "572924b53f37b31900478067": " 65,000 qualified nurses registered in the country; 8,600 clinical officers and 7", "572924b53f37b31900478068": " clinical officers", "572924b53f37b31900478069": " 65,000 qualified nurses registered in the country; 8,600 clinical officers and 7", "572924b53f37b3190047806a": " 65,000 qualified nurses registered in the country; 8,600 clinical officers and 7", "572925491d046914007790c3": " Half of Kenyans live below the poverty level. Preventable diseases like malaria, HIV/AIDS, pneumonia, diarrhoea and malnutrition are", "572925491d046914007790c4": " economic performance and wealth distribution: Half of Kenyans live below the poverty level.", "572925491d046914007790c5": " economic performance and wealth distribution: Half of Kenyans live below the poverty level.", "572925491d046914007790c6": " economic", "572925491d046914007790c7": " pregnant women. Kenya had an estimated 15 million cases of malaria", "572925a81d046914007790cd": " British colonists", "572925a81d046914007790ce": " 7", "572925a81d046914007790cf": " 7", "572925a81d046914007790d0": " 7", "572925a81d046914007790d1": " British colonists", "572926086aef051400154ac2": " 7", "572926086aef051400154ac3": " 7", "572926086aef051400154ac4": " 7", "572926086aef051400154ac5": " 7", "572926653f37b31900478079": " January 1985", "572926653f37b3190047807a": " the Government of Kenya announced the introduction of free primary education", "572926653f37b3190047807b": " the Government of Kenya announced the introduction of free primary education", "572926653f37b3190047807c": " the Government of Kenya announced the introduction of free primary education", "572926653f37b3190047807d": " the Government of Kenya announced the introduction of free primary education", "572926d23f37b31900478083": " six", "572926d23f37b31900478084": "Basic formal education starts at age six", "572926d23f37b31900478085": " formal education", "572926d23f37b31900478086": " formal education starts at age six", "5729276c1d046914007790d7": " English, Kiswahili (languages) and mathematics are compulsory subjects.", "5729276c1d046914007790d8": " English, Kiswahili (languages) and mathematics are compulsory subjects.", "5729276c1d046914007790d9": " English, Kiswahili (languages) and mathematics are compulsory subjects.", "5729276c1d046914007790da": " English, Kiswahili (languages) and mathematics are compulsory subjects.", "5729276c1d046914007790db": " English, Kiswahili (languages) and mathematics are compulsory subjects.", "572927d06aef051400154ade": " Kenya National Library Service (KNLS). KN", "572927d06aef051400154adf": " Kenya", "572927d06aef051400154ae0": " Kenya", "572927d06aef051400154ae1": " Kenya", "5729281baf94a219006aa11f": "ya is active in several sports", "5729281baf94a219006aa120": " The country is known chiefly for its dominance in middle-distance and long-distance athletics, having consistently produced Olympic and Commonwealth Games champions", "5729281baf94a219006aa121": " The country is known chiefly for its dominance in middle-distance and long-distance athletics, having consistently produced Olympic and Commonwealth Games champions", "5729281baf94a219006aa122": " The country is known chiefly for its dominance in middle-distance and long-distance athletics", "572928bf6aef051400154af0": "Kenya won several medals during the Beijing Olympics, six gold, four silver and four bronze", "572928bf6aef051400154af1": " economic or financial factors", "572928bf6aef051400154af2": " economic or financial factors. Some elite Kenyan runners who cannot qualify for their country's strong national team", "572928bf6aef051400154af3": " Bahrain and Qatar. The Kenyan Ministry of Sports", "572928bf6aef051400154af4": " economic or financial factors", "5729293d3f37b3190047809f": " IRB Sevens World Series for the 2006 season. Kenya was also a regional powerhouse in soccer", "5729293d3f37b319004780a0": " IRB Sevens World Series for the 2006 season. Kenya was also a regional powerhouse in soccer", "5729293d3f37b319004780a1": " IRB Sevens World Series for the 2006 season. Kenya was also a regional powerhouse in soccer", "5729293d3f37b319004780a2": " IRB Sevens World Series for the 2006 season. Kenya was also a regional powerhouse in soccer", "5729293d3f37b319004780a3": " wrangles within the now defunct Kenya Football Federation, leading to a suspension by FIFA which was lifted in March", "57292994af94a219006aa131": " Safari", "57292994af94a219006aa132": " Safari Rally", "57292994af94a219006aa133": " Safari", "572929d56aef051400154b0a": " 10 o'clock tea (chai ya saa nne) and 4 pm tea (chai ya saa kumi).", "572929d56aef051400154b0b": " saa nne) and 4 pm tea (chai ya saa kumi). Breakfast is usually tea or porridge", "572929d56aef051400154b0c": " Regional", "572929d56aef051400154b0d": " Regional", "57293b843f37b31900478133": " The ultimate objective of the UNF", "57293b843f37b31900478134": " The ultimate objective of the UNF", "57293b843f37b31900478135": " The ultimate objective of the UNF", "57293b843f37b31900478136": "The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a scientific intergovernmental body under the ausp", "57293b843f37b31900478137": "The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a scientific intergovernmental body under the ausp", "57293bc91d0469140077919b": " The chair is assisted by an elected bureau including vice-chairs, working group co-chairs, and a secretariat", "57293bc91d0469140077919c": " the chair of the IPCC since October", "57293bc91d0469140077919d": " the IPCC was led by his vice-Chair Ismail El Gizouli", "57293bc91d0469140077919e": " the IPCC was led by his vice-Chair Ismail El Gizouli", "57293bc91d0469140077919f": "orean economist Hoesung Lee is the chair of the IPCC since October", "57293c246aef051400154bb8": " Governmental and Intergovernmental Organizations may be allowed to attend as observers", "57293c246aef051400154bb9": " 350 government officials and climate change experts", "57293c246aef051400154bba": " Governmental and Intergovernmental Organizations may be allowed to attend as observers", "57293c246aef051400154bbb": " government representatives. Non Governmental and Intergovernmental Organizations may be allowed to attend as observers", "57293ca73f37b3190047815b": " IPCC", "57293ca73f37b3190047815c": " IPCC", "57293ca73f37b3190047815e": " cash contributions to the Trust Fund are made by the WMO, by UNEP, and by IPCC", "57293ca73f37b3190047815f": " IPCC", "57293ca73f37b3190047815d": " cash contributions to the Trust Fund are made by the WMO, by UNEP, and by IPCC", "57293d116aef051400154bc8": " \"grey literature\"), provided that they are of sufficient quality. Examples of non-peer-", "57293d116aef051400154bc9": "the \"grey literature\"), provided that they are of sufficient quality. Examples of non-peer-", "57293d116aef051400154bca": "the \"grey literature\"), provided that they are of sufficient quality. Examples of non-peer-", "57293d116aef051400154bcb": " \"grey literature\"), provided that they are of sufficient quality. Examples of non-peer-", "57293d6d1d046914007791b7": " ten to fifteen \"lead authors\", and a somewhat larger number of \"contributing authors\".", "57293d6d1d046914007791b8": " two \"coordinating lead authors\", ten to fifteen \"lead authors\", and a somewhat larger number of \"contributing authors\".", "57293d6d1d046914007791b9": " two \"coordinating lead authors\", ten to fifteen \"lead authors\", and a somewhat larger number of \"contributing authors\".", "57293d6d1d046914007791ba": " ten to fifteen \"lead authors\", and a somewhat larger number of \"contributing authors\".", "57293d6d1d046914007791bb": " ten to fifteen \"lead authors\", and a somewhat larger number of \"contributing authors\".", "57293e221d046914007791d5": " enhanced greenhouse effect. They predict that under a \"business as usual\" (BAU) scenario, global mean temperature will increase by about 0", "57293e221d046914007791d6": " enhanced greenhouse effect. They predict that under a \"business as usual\" (BAU) scenario, global mean temperature will increase by about 0", "57293e221d046914007791d7": " enhanced greenhouse effect. They predict that under a \"business as usual\" (BAU) scenario, global mean temperature will increase by about 0", "57293e221d046914007791d8": "G I Summary for Policymakers", "57293e221d046914007791d9": "G I Summary for Policymakers report says they are certain that emissions resulting from human activities are substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases", "57293e983f37b3190047818b": " 16 national science acad", "57293e983f37b3190047818c": " 16 national science acad", "57293e983f37b3190047818d": " 16 national science acad", "57293e983f37b3190047818e": " 16 national science acad", "57293e983f37b3190047818f": " 16 national science acad", "57293f353f37b3190047819b": " TAR WGI, has responded to Lindzen's criticisms of the SPM. H", "57293f353f37b3190047819c": " TAR. Among his criticisms, Lind", "57293f353f37b3190047819d": " TAR. Among his criticisms, Lind", "57293f353f37b3190047819e": " TAR. Among his criticisms, Lind", "57293f353f37b3190047819f": " TAR. Among his criticisms, Lind", "57293f8a6aef051400154bde": " IPCC Special Reports follows the same procedures as for IPCC Assessment Reports. In the year", "57293f8a6aef051400154bdf": " Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation (SRR", "57293f8a6aef051400154be0": "SRREN) and the Special Report on Managing Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation (S", "57293f8a6aef051400154be1": " two IPCC Special Report were finalized, the Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation", "572940246aef051400154bec": " WMO Executive Council and UNEP Governing Council resolutions and decisions as well as on actions in support of the UNFCCC", "572940246aef051400154bed": " default emission factors, which are factors used to derive emissions estimates based on the levels of fuel consumption, industrial production and so on.", "572940246aef051400154bee": " default emission factors, which are factors used to derive emissions estimates based on the levels of fuel consumption, industrial production and so on.", "572940246aef051400154bef": " WMO Executive Council and UNEP", "572940973f37b319004781a5": " 2035 has been correctly quoted by the IPCC", "572940973f37b319004781a6": " 2035 has been correctly quoted by the IPCC", "572940973f37b319004781a7": " the IPCC from the WWF report, which has misquoted its own source, an ICSI report \"Variations of Snow and Ice", "572940973f37b319004781a8": " 2035 has been correctly quoted by the IPCC", "572941273f37b319004781ad": " the impact. That is worrying. The IPCC needs to look at this trend in the errors", "572941273f37b319004781ae": " the impact. That is worrying. The IPCC needs to look at this trend in the errors", "572941273f37b319004781af": " the impact. That is worrying. The IPCC needs to look at this trend in the errors", "572941273f37b319004781b0": " the impact. That is worrying. The IPCC needs to look at this trend in the errors", "572941273f37b319004781b1": " the impact. That is worrying. The IPCC needs to look at this trend in the errors", "57294209af94a219006aa201": " 1999 paper by Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes", "57294209af94a219006aa202": " 1999 paper by Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes", "57294209af94a219006aa203": " 1999 paper by Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes", "57294209af94a219006aa204": " 2007. The MBH99 finding was supported by cited reconstructions", "57294279af94a219006aa209": " MBH", "57294279af94a219006aa20a": " MBH99", "57294279af94a219006aa20b": " MBH99", "57294279af94a219006aa20c": " MBH99", "57294279af94a219006aa20d": " MBH99", "572943ab1d04691400779219": " Mann, Bradley and Hughes", "572943ab1d0469140077921a": " Mann, Bradley and Hughes", "572943ab1d0469140077921b": " Mann, Bradley and Hughes", "572943ab1d0469140077921c": " Mann, Bradley and Hughes", "572943ab1d0469140077921d": " Mann, Bradley and Hughes", "572944e03f37b319004781e2": " Ten of these 14 reconstruct", "572944e03f37b319004781e1": " Ten of these 14 reconstruct", "572944e03f37b319004781e4": " Ten of these 14 reconstruct", "572944e03f37b319004781e5": " Ten of these 14 reconstructions covered 1,000 years or longer. Most reconstructions shared some data series, particularly tree ring data, but newer reconstruct", "572944e03f37b319004781e3": " Ten of these 14 reconstruct", "572945b11d0469140077922f": " the eve of the publication of IPCC's major report on climate, a study was published suggesting that temperatures and sea levels have been", "572945b11d04691400779230": " the eve of the publication of IPCC's major report on climate, a study was published suggesting that temperatures and sea levels have been", "572945b11d04691400779231": " the eve", "572945b11d04691400779232": " the eve", "572949306aef051400154c68": " the researchers' analysis was \"applied to the possible scenarios outlined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IP", "572949306aef051400154c69": " the researchers' analysis was \"applied to the possible scenarios outlined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IP", "572949306aef051400154c6a": " the researchers' analysis was \"applied to the possible scenarios outlined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IP", "572949306aef051400154c6b": " the researchers' analysis was \"applied to the possible scenarios outlined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IP", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26b": " minority positions or to improve statements about uncertainties", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26c": " minority positions or to improve statements about uncertainties", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26d": " minority positions or to improve statements about uncertainties", "57294e6b1d04691400779275": " linear model of policy-making", "57294e6b1d04691400779276": " linear model of policy-making", "57294e6b1d04691400779277": " linear model of policy-making", "5729506d6aef051400154cac": " regional cost-benefit analysis and burden-sharing conflicts", "5729506d6aef051400154cad": " regional cost-benefit analysis and burden-sharing conflicts", "5729506d6aef051400154cae": " the ozone layer challenge", "5729506d6aef051400154caf": " regional cost-benefit analysis and burden-sharing conflicts", "5729517d6aef051400154cc8": " scientific papers", "5729517d6aef051400154cc9": " new evidence or events", "5729517d6aef051400154cca": " scientific papers and independently documented results from other scientific bodies, and its schedule for producing reports requires a deadline for submissions prior to the report's final release.", "572951f16aef051400154cce": " five climate scientists \u2013 all contributing or lead IPCC report authors \u2013 wrote in the journal Nature calling for changes to the IPCC.", "572951f16aef051400154ccf": " five", "572951f16aef051400154cd0": " organizational", "572951f16aef051400154cd1": " five climate scientists \u2013 all contributing or lead IPCC report authors \u2013 wrote in the journal Nature calling for changes to the IPCC. They suggested a range of new", "572953013f37b3190047824d": "Chloroplasts' main role is to conduct photosynthesis, where the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll captures the energy", "572953013f37b3190047824e": " the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll captures the energy", "572953013f37b3190047824f": " energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH while freeing oxygen from water. They then use the ATP and NAD", "572953013f37b31900478250": " the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll captures the energy from sunlight and converts it and stores it in the energy", "572953013f37b31900478251": "Chloroplasts' main role is to conduct photosynthesis, where the photosynthetic", "5729544c3f37b31900478257": "Chloroplasts are highly dynamic\u2014they circulate and are moved around within plant cells, and occasionally pinch in two", "5729544c3f37b31900478258": "Chloroplasts are highly dynamic\u2014they circulate and are moved around within plant cells, and occasionally pinch in two to reproduce.", "5729544c3f37b31900478259": "Chloroplasts are highly dynamic\u2014they circulate and are moved around within plant cells, and occasionally pinch in two", "5729544c3f37b3190047825a": "hetic cyanobacterium", "5729544c3f37b3190047825b": "Chloroplasts are highly dynamic\u2014they circulate and are moved around within plant cells, and occasionally pinch in two to reproduce.", "572956c86aef051400154d1a": "Chloroplasts are one of many types of organelles in the plant cell.", "572956c86aef051400154d1b": "asts", "572956c86aef051400154d1c": " prokaryote was engulfed. This origin of chloroplasts was first suggested by the Russian biologist Konstantin Mereschkowski in 1905", "572956c86aef051400154d1d": " 1905", "572956c86aef051400154d1e": " prokaryote was engulfed. This origin of chloroplasts was first suggested by the Russian biologist Konstantin Mereschkowski in 1905", "572957361d046914007792cf": " blue-green algae even though they are prokaryotes", "572957361d046914007792d0": "Cyanobacteria are considered the ancestors of chloroplasts. They are sometimes called blue-green algae even though they are prokaryotes", "572957361d046914007792d2": " blue-green", "572957361d046914007792d3": "Cyanobacteria are considered the ancestors of chloroplasts. They are sometimes called blue-green algae even though they are prokaryotes", "572957361d046914007792d1": " blue-green", "572957ad1d046914007792d9": " cytopl", "572957ad1d046914007792da": " billion years", "572957ad1d046914007792db": "bilayer membranes that surround all chloroplasts correspond to the outer and inner membranes of the ancestral cyanobacterium", "572957ad1d046914007792dc": " chloroplasts correspond to the outer and inner membranes of the ancestral cyanobacterium's gram negative cell wall, and not the phagosomal membrane", "572957ad1d046914007792dd": " cytopl", "5729582b1d046914007792e3": " cyanobacterial", "5729582b1d046914007792e4": " algal chloroplast lineage, or the chloroplastidan, or green chloroplast lineage.", "5729582b1d046914007792e5": " chloroplasts, which can be traced back directly to a cyanobacterial", "5729582b1d046914007792e6": " cyanobacterial", "5729582b1d046914007792e7": " chloroplasts, which can be traced back directly to a cyanobacterial", "572958cc6aef051400154d2a": " muroplasts. Glaucophyte chloroplasts also contain concentric unstacked thylakoids", "572958cc6aef051400154d2b": " muroplasts. Glaucophyte chloroplasts also contain concentric unstacked thylakoids", "572958cc6aef051400154d2c": " concentric unstacked thylakoids", "572958cc6aef051400154d2d": " light collecting structures", "572958cc6aef051400154d2e": " muroplasts. Glaucophyte chloroplasts also contain concentric unstacked thylakoids", "57295a116aef051400154d44": " reddish to purple", "57295a116aef051400154d45": " reddish to purple", "57295a116aef051400154d46": " blue-green chlorophyll a and other pigments, many are reddish to purple", "57295a116aef051400154d47": " blue-green chlorophyll a and other pigments, many are reddish to purple", "57295a116aef051400154d48": " reddish to purple", "57295b5b1d04691400779315": "The chloroplast", "57295b5b1d04691400779316": " green, though some aren't, like some forms of H\u00e6matococcus pl", "57295b5b1d04691400779317": " green, though some aren", "57295b5b1d04691400779318": " green, though some aren", "57295b5b1d04691400779319": " green, though some aren", "572961f61d04691400779359": " three or four membranes", "572961f61d0469140077935a": " cyanobacterial ancestor, secondary chloroplasts have additional membranes outside of the original two, as a result of the secondary endosymbiotic", "572961f61d0469140077935b": " three or four membranes", "572961f61d0469140077935c": " three or four membranes", "572961f61d0469140077935d": " three or four membranes", "572962953f37b319004782f5": " green alga. Euglenophyte chloroplasts have three", "572962953f37b319004782f6": " green alga. Euglenophyte chloroplasts have three", "572962953f37b319004782f7": " three", "572962953f37b319004782f8": " green alga. Euglenophyte chloroplasts have three", "572962953f37b319004782f9": " green alga. Euglenophyte chloroplasts have three", "572963221d04691400779385": " red-algal", "572963221d04691400779386": " red-algal", "572963221d04691400779387": " red-algal", "572963221d04691400779388": " red-algal", "572963221d04691400779389": " red-algal", "572963876aef051400154dd2": " red algal derived chloroplast", "572963876aef051400154dd3": " red algal derived chloroplast", "572963876aef051400154dd4": " red algal derived chloroplast", "572963876aef051400154dd5": " red algal derived chloroplast called an apicoplast", "572963876aef051400154dd6": " red algal derived chloroplast", "5729645b3f37b31900478321": " four", "5729645b3f37b31900478322": " four", "5729645b3f37b31900478323": " four", "5729645b3f37b31900478324": " four", "5729645b3f37b31900478325": " four", "572965566aef051400154e00": " pyrenoid, and have triplet-stacked thylakoids", "572965566aef051400154e01": "The most common dinophyte chloroplast is the peridinin-type chloroplast", "572965566aef051400154e02": " pyrenoid, and have triplet-stacked thylakoids", "572965566aef051400154e03": " pyrenoid, and have triplet-stacked thylakoids", "572965e73f37b3190047832b": " fucoxanthin dinophyte lineages (including Karlodinium and Karenia) lost their original red algal derived chloroplast", "572965e73f37b3190047832c": " fucoxanthin dinophyte lineages (including Karlodinium and Karenia) lost their original red algal derived chloroplast", "572965e73f37b3190047832d": " fucoxanthin dinophyte lineages (including Karlodinium and Karenia) lost their original red algal derived chloroplast", "572965e73f37b3190047832e": " fucoxanthin dinophyte lineages (including Karlodinium and Karenia) lost their original red algal derived chloroplast", "572966626aef051400154e13": " kleptoplast", "572966626aef051400154e14": " kleptoplast", "572966626aef051400154e12": " kleptoplast", "572966626aef051400154e15": " two membranes, leaving just a two-membraned chloroplast.", "572966ebaf94a219006aa391": " five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa392": " diatom (heterokontophyte) derived chloroplast. These chloroplasts are bounded by up to five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa393": " five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa394": " five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa395": " cytoplasm instead. The diatom endosy", "572967e31d046914007793b1": " no nucleomorph\u2014all the nucleomorph genes have been transferred to the dinophyte", "572967e31d046914007793b2": " no nucleomorph\u2014all the nucleomorph genes have been transferred to the dinophyte", "572967e31d046914007793b3": "Lepidodinium viride and its close relatives are dinophytes that lost their original peridinin chloroplast", "572967e31d046914007793b4": " rhodoplast", "572967e31d046914007793b5": " no nucleomorph\u2014all the nucleomorph genes have been transferred to the dinophyte nucleus. The endosymbiotic", "5729686d1d046914007793c1": " nuclear DNA in Pauline", "5729686d1d046914007793c2": " nuclear DNA in Pauline", "5729686d1d046914007793c3": " nuclear DNA in Pauline", "5729686d1d046914007793c4": " nuclear DNA in Pauline", "5729686d1d046914007793c5": " nuclear DNA in Pauline", "572968cf1d046914007793cb": "Chloroplasts", "572968cf1d046914007793cc": "Chloroplasts have their own DNA", "572968cf1d046914007793cd": " ctDNA", "572968cf1d046914007793ce": " ctDNA", "572968cf1d046914007793cf": " ctDNA", "57296977af94a219006aa3bd": " DNAs have since lost or flipped the inverted repeats", "57296977af94a219006aa3be": " DNAs have since lost or flipped the inverted repeats", "57296977af94a219006aa3bf": " DNAs have since lost or flipped the inverted repeats", "572969f51d046914007793dd": " Cairns replication intermediate, and completes replication with a rolling circle mechanism. Transcription starts at specific points of origin.", "572969f51d046914007793de": " Cairns replication intermediate, and completes replication with a rolling circle mechanism. Transcription starts at specific points of origin.", "572969f51d046914007793e0": " Multiple replication forks", "572969f51d046914007793df": " Cairns replication intermediate, and completes replication with a rolling circle mechanism. Transcription starts at specific points of origin.", "572969f51d046914007793e1": " Cairns replication intermediate, and completes replication with a rolling circle mechanism. Transcription starts at specific points of origin.", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c3": " linear", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c4": " gradients in deamination", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c5": " linear and replicates through homologous recombination", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c6": " linear and replicates through homologous recombination", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c7": " linear and replicates through homologous recombination", "57296ab93f37b31900478369": " branched and complex structures seen in cpDNA experiments are real and not artifacts of concatenated circular DNA", "57296ab93f37b3190047836a": " branched and complex structures seen in cpDNA experiments are real and not artifacts of concatenated circular DNA", "57296ab93f37b3190047836b": " branched and complex structures seen in cpDNA experiments are real and not artifacts of concatenated circular DNA", "57296ab93f37b3190047836c": " branched and complex structures seen in cpDNA experiments are real and not artifacts of concatenated circular DNA", "57296b151d046914007793f1": "iotic gene transfer", "57296b151d046914007793f2": "iotic gene transfer", "57296b151d046914007793f3": " diatoms (a heterokontophyte) now have a red algal", "57296b151d046914007793f4": " lost chloroplast", "57296bf96aef051400154e52": " transferred genes aren't even targeted back to the chloroplast. Many became exaptations", "57296bf96aef051400154e53": " protein products of transferred genes aren't even targeted back to the chloroplast. Many became exaptations", "57296bf96aef051400154e54": " protein products of transferred genes aren't even targeted back to the chloroplast. Many became exaptations", "57296bf96aef051400154e55": " transferred genes aren't even targeted back to the chloroplast. Many became exaptations", "57296c5c3f37b3190047837f": " phosphate group to many (but not all) of them in their transit sequences.", "57296c5c3f37b31900478380": " phosphate group to many (but not all) of them in their transit sequences.", "57296c5c3f37b31900478381": " phosphate group to many (but not all) of them in their transit sequences. Phosphorylation", "57296c5c3f37b31900478382": " phosphate group to many (but not all) of them in their transit sequences.", "57296cb21d04691400779403": " Oedogonium), a cup (e.", "57296cb21d04691400779404": " Oedogonium), a cup (e.", "57296cb21d04691400779405": " Oedogonium), a cup (e", "57296cb21d04691400779406": " 5\u20138 \u03bcm in diameter and 1\u20133 \u03bcm thick.", "57296cb21d04691400779407": " 5\u20138 \u03bcm in diameter and 1\u20133 \u03bcm thick.", "57296d1b1d0469140077940d": " vesicle to surround the ancestral cyanobacterium", "57296d1b1d0469140077940e": " vesicle to surround the ancestral cyanobacterium", "57296d1b1d0469140077940f": " double membrane is often cited as evidence that they are the descendants of endosymbiotic", "57296d8d1d0469140077941d": " thylakoid system", "57296d8d1d0469140077941e": " thylakoid system. Even so, in terms of \"in-out\", the direction of chloroplast H+ ion flow", "57296d8d1d0469140077941f": " H+ ion flow is in the opposite direction compared to oxidative phosphorylation", "57296d8d1d04691400779420": " thylakoid system", "57296d8d1d04691400779421": " thylakoid system", "57296de03f37b3190047839b": "The chloroplast", "57296de03f37b3190047839c": "The chloroplast", "57296de03f37b3190047839d": " chloroplast", "57296de03f37b3190047839e": "The chloroplast membranes sometimes protrude out into the cytoplasm, forming a stromule", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e5": " vesicles", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e6": " vesicles", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e7": " vesicles", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e8": " vesicles", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e9": " chloroplasts contain a structure called the chloroplast", "57296eb01d04691400779435": " mRNAs transcribed from the chloroplast DNA and translate them into protein", "57296eb01d04691400779436": " mRNAs transcribed from the chloroplast DNA and translate them into protein", "57296eb01d04691400779437": " mRNAs transcribed from the chloroplast DNA and translate them into protein", "57296eb01d04691400779438": " mRNAs transcribed from the chloroplast DNA and translate them into protein", "57296eb01d04691400779439": " mRNAs transcribed from the chloroplast DNA and translate them into protein", "57296eee6aef051400154e8e": " spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins", "57296eee6aef051400154e8f": " spherical", "57296eee6aef051400154e90": " spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins", "57296eee6aef051400154e91": " spherical", "57296eee6aef051400154e92": " spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fb": " the stroma", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fc": " the stroma", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fd": " thylakoid or to another plastoglobulus", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fe": " the stroma", "57296f85af94a219006aa403": " spherical", "57296f85af94a219006aa404": " spherical", "57296f85af94a219006aa405": " spherical", "57296f85af94a219006aa406": " spherical", "57296f85af94a219006aa407": " spherical", "57296fd71d0469140077943f": "akoid", "57296fd71d04691400779440": " grana consist of a stack of flattened circular", "57296fd71d04691400779441": " grana consist of a stack of flattened circular", "57296fd71d04691400779442": " grana consist of a stack of flattened circular", "57296fd71d04691400779443": " lamellar thylakoids. The helices ascend at an angle of 20\u201325\u00b0", "5729703d3f37b319004783bb": " light-harvesting complexes with chlorophyll and carotenoids that absorb light energy", "5729703d3f37b319004783bc": " light-harvesting complexes with chlorophyll and carotenoids that absorb light energy", "5729703d3f37b319004783bd": " light-harvesting complexes with chlorophyll and carotenoids", "5729703d3f37b319004783be": " light-harvesting complexes with chlorophyll and carotenoids that absorb light energy and use it to energize electrons", "5729703d3f37b319004783bf": " thylakoid", "572970916aef051400154eba": " grana, and stromal thylak", "572970916aef051400154ebb": " grana, and stromal thylak", "572970916aef051400154ebc": " grana, and stromal thylak", "572970916aef051400154ebe": " grana, and stromal thylak", "572970916aef051400154ebd": " grana, and stromal thylak", "57297103af94a219006aa423": " bright colors sometimes override the chlorophyll green", "57297103af94a219006aa424": " bright colors sometimes override the chlorophyll green", "57297103af94a219006aa425": " bright colors sometimes override the chlorophyll green", "57297103af94a219006aa426": " bright colors sometimes override the chlorophyll green", "57297103af94a219006aa427": " bright colors sometimes override the chlorophyll green", "5729714daf94a219006aa42d": " glaucophyte", "5729714daf94a219006aa42e": "obilins", "5729714daf94a219006aa42f": " glaucophyte", "5729714daf94a219006aa430": " glaucophyte", "5729714daf94a219006aa431": " glaucophyte", "572971af6aef051400154ede": " O2 is produced by the initial light", "572971af6aef051400154edf": " O2 is produced by the initial light", "572971af6aef051400154ee0": " O2 is produced by the initial light", "572971af6aef051400154ee1": " O2 is produced by the initial light", "572971af6aef051400154ee2": " O2 is produced by the initial light", "5729723c6aef051400154ee8": " II", "5729723c6aef051400154ee9": "floating thylakoids in the stroma where they still carry out cyclic electron flow", "5729723c6aef051400154eea": " II", "5729723c6aef051400154eeb": " II", "5729723c6aef051400154eec": "floating thylakoids in the stroma where they still carry out cyclic electron flow", "5729729a1d0469140077948b": "the chloroplasts, or more specifically, the chlorophyll in them are what make the photosynthetic", "5729729a1d0469140077948c": "the chloroplasts, or more specifically, the chlorophyll in them are what make the photosynthetic", "5729729a1d0469140077948d": " the chlorophyll in them are what make the photosynthetic parts of a plant green. The plant cells", "5729729a1d0469140077948e": " parenchyma cells, though chloroplasts can also be found in collenchyma tissue.", "5729729a1d0469140077948f": " parenchyma cells, though chloroplasts can also be found in collenchyma tissue", "572972f46aef051400154ef2": " Chloroplasts can also be found in the bundle sheath", "572972f46aef051400154ef3": " Chloroplasts can also be found in the bundle sheath", "572972f46aef051400154ef6": " Chloroplasts can also be found in the bundle sheath", "572972f46aef051400154ef4": " Chloroplasts can also be found in the bundle sheath", "572972f46aef051400154ef5": " Chloroplasts can also be found in the bundle sheath", "5729735c3f37b319004783fb": " Chloroplast movement", "5729735c3f37b319004783fc": " Chloroplast movement", "5729735c3f37b319004783fd": " Chloroplast movement", "5729735c3f37b319004783fe": " Chloroplast movement", "5729735c3f37b319004783ff": " Chloroplast movement", "572973ccaf94a219006aa449": " two", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44a": " two", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44b": " two", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44c": " Chloroplasts", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44d": " reactive oxygen species. High levels of reactive oxygen species will cause the hypersensitive response. The reactive oxygen species also directly kill any pathogens", "57297427af94a219006aa453": " retrograde signaling\u2014signals", "57297427af94a219006aa454": "Chloroplasts can serve as cellular sensors. After detecting stress in a cell, which might be due to a pathogen", "57297427af94a219006aa455": " retrograde signaling\u2014signals from the chlorop", "57297427af94a219006aa456": " All these molecules initiate retrograde signaling\u2014signals", "572974923f37b3190047840b": " energy", "572974923f37b3190047840c": " energy", "572974923f37b3190047840d": " energy", "572974923f37b3190047840e": " energy", "572974923f37b3190047840f": " energy", "572975073f37b31900478415": " energy", "572975073f37b31900478416": " an electron transport chain. The molecules between the photosystems harness the electrons' energy to pump hydrogen ions", "572975073f37b31900478417": " H+, or hydrogen ion gradient to generate ATP", "572975073f37b31900478418": " mitochondria, chloroplasts use the potential energy", "572975073f37b31900478419": " mitochondria, chloroplasts use the potential energy", "572975511d046914007794a7": " NADP", "572975511d046914007794a8": " NADP+, though sometimes they can flow back down more H+", "572975511d046914007794a9": " the electrons are recycled. Cyclic photophosphorylation", "572975511d046914007794aa": " NADP+, though sometimes they can flow back down more H+", "572975a3af94a219006aa465": " Calvin cycle starts by using the enzyme Rubisco", "572975a3af94a219006aa466": " energy", "572975a3af94a219006aa467": " energy", "572975a3af94a219006aa468": " energy", "572976183f37b31900478431": " glucose monomers in the chloroplast", "572976183f37b31900478432": " thylakoids. The starch granules", "572976183f37b31900478433": " thylakoids. The starch granules", "572976183f37b31900478434": " sucrose", "572976183f37b31900478435": " glucose monomers in the chloroplast", "572976791d046914007794af": " concentrating", "572976791d046914007794b0": " concentrating", "572976791d046914007794b1": " RuBP", "572976791d046914007794b2": " RuBP", "572976791d046914007794b3": " Chloroplasts in C4 plants are notable as they exhibit a distinct chloroplast", "572976cfaf94a219006aa493": "Chloroplasts alone make almost all of a plant cell's amino acids in their stroma except the sulfur", "572976cfaf94a219006aa494": " sulfur", "572976cfaf94a219006aa495": " sulfur-containing ones like cysteine and methionine. Cysteine is made in the chloroplast", "572976cfaf94a219006aa496": "Chloroplasts alone make almost all of a plant cell's amino acids in their stroma except the sulfur", "57297725af94a219006aa49b": " the two terms are sometimes used interchange", "57297725af94a219006aa49c": "Chloroplasts are a special type of a plant cell organelle called a plastid, though the two terms are sometimes used interchange", "57297725af94a219006aa49d": " All chloroplasts in a plant are descended from undifferentiated proplastids found in the zygote, or fertilized egg.", "57297725af94a219006aa49e": " the two terms are sometimes used interchange", "5729779b6aef051400154f62": " yellow chlorophyll precursor stocked. Within a few minutes of light", "5729779b6aef051400154f63": " proplastids may develop into an etioplast stage before becoming chloroplasts. An etioplast is a plastid", "5729779b6aef051400154f64": " yellow chlorophyll precursor", "5729779b6aef051400154f65": " yellow chlorophyll precursor stocked. Within a few minutes of light exposure, the prolame", "5729779b6aef051400154f66": " yellow chlorophyll precursor stocked. Within a few minutes of light", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ad": " Chloroplasts may be converted to chromoplasts, which are pigment-filled", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ae": " Chloroplasts may be converted to chromoplasts, which are pigment-filled", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4af": " Chloroplasts may be converted to chromoplasts, which are pigment-filled", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b0": " Chloroplasts may be converted to chromoplasts", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b1": " Chloroplasts may be converted to chromoplasts", "5729784b1d046914007794c9": "The division process starts when the proteins FtsZ1 and Fts", "5729784b1d046914007794ca": "The division process starts when the proteins FtsZ1 and Fts", "5729784b1d046914007794cb": "The division process starts when the proteins FtsZ1 and Fts", "5729784b1d046914007794cc": " Min system manages the placement of the Z-ring, ensuring that the chloroplast is cleaved more or", "5729784b1d046914007794cd": " Min system manages the placement of the Z-ring, ensuring that the chloroplast is cleaved more or", "5729789b6aef051400154f6c": " inner side of the chloroplast's inner membrane, and is formed first. The outer plastid-divid", "5729789b6aef051400154f6d": " inner side of the chloroplast's inner membrane, and is formed first. The outer plastid-divid", "5729789b6aef051400154f6e": " inner side of the chloroplast's inner membrane, and is formed first. The outer plastid-divid", "5729789b6aef051400154f6f": " inner side of the chloroplast's inner membrane, and is formed first. The outer plastid-divid", "5729789b6aef051400154f70": " inner side of the chloroplast's inner membrane, and is formed first. The outer plastid-divid", "572978e66aef051400154f76": " Chloroplasts can grow and progress through some of the constriction stages under poor quality green light, but are slow to complete division", "572978e66aef051400154f78": " Chloroplasts can grow and progress through some of the constriction stages under poor quality green light, but are slow to complete division", "572978e66aef051400154f79": " Chloroplasts can grow and progress through some of the constriction stages under poor quality green light, but are slow to complete division", "572978e66aef051400154f77": " Chloroplasts can grow and progress through some of the constriction stages under poor quality green light, but are slow to complete division", "57297991af94a219006aa4b7": " biological containment strategy is therefore suitable for establishing the coexistence of conventional and organic agriculture", "57297991af94a219006aa4b8": " biological containment strategy is therefore suitable for establishing the coexistence of conventional and organic agriculture", "57297991af94a219006aa4b9": " biological containment strategy is therefore suitable for establishing the coexistence of conventional and organic agriculture", "57297991af94a219006aa4ba": " biological containment strategy is therefore suitable for establishing the coexistence of conventional and organic agriculture", "57296d571d04691400779413": " composite", "57296d571d04691400779414": " 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors, whereas 6 is composite because it has the divis", "57296d571d04691400779415": " 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors, whereas 6 is composite because it has the divis", "57296d571d04691400779416": " 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors, whereas 6 is composite because it has the divis", "57296d571d04691400779417": " 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors, whereas 6 is composite because it has the divis", "57296f293f37b319004783a3": " primality", "57296f293f37b319004783a4": "The property of being prime (or not) is called primality", "57296f293f37b319004783a5": " 22,338,618", "57296f293f37b319004783a6": " 22,338,618", "57296f293f37b319004783a7": " 22,338,618", "572970c11d04691400779463": " simple formula that separates prime numbers from composite", "572970c11d04691400779464": " 300", "572970c11d04691400779465": " Euclid around 300", "572970c11d04691400779466": " Euclid around 300", "572970c11d04691400779467": " Euclid around 300", "5729727baf94a219006aa437": " Gold", "5729727baf94a219006aa438": " Gold", "5729727baf94a219006aa439": " Goldbach's conjecture (that every", "5729727baf94a219006aa43a": " Gold", "5729727baf94a219006aa43b": " Goldbach's conjecture (that every", "572973f76aef051400154f0a": " distinct divisors", "572973f76aef051400154f0b": " 12 = 3 \u00b7 4. No even number greater than 2 is prime because by definition, any such number n has at least three distinct divis", "572973f76aef051400154f0c": " 6 is not prime. The image at the right illustrates that 12 is not prime: 12 = 3 \u00b7 4. No even number greater than 2", "572973f76aef051400154f0d": " 12 is not prime: 12 = 3 \u00b7 4.", "572973f76aef051400154f0e": " 12 = 3 \u00b7 4. No even number greater than 2", "57297547af94a219006aa45b": " 1", "57297547af94a219006aa45c": " 1 as the first prime number. In the mid-18th century Christian Goldbach", "57297547af94a219006aa45d": " 1 as the first prime number. In the mid-18th century Christian Goldbach", "57297547af94a219006aa45e": " 10", "57297547af94a219006aa45f": " 1 as the first prime number. In the mid-18th century Christian Goldbach", "57297781af94a219006aa4a3": " Euclid's fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57297781af94a219006aa4a4": " the sieve of Eratost", "57297781af94a219006aa4a6": " Euclid's fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57297781af94a219006aa4a5": " Euclid's fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57297781af94a219006aa4a7": " Euclid's fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "572978f91d046914007794d3": " theorems about primes, including the infinitude of primes and the fundamental theorem of arithmetic. Eucl", "572978f91d046914007794d4": " theorems about primes, including the infinitude of primes and the fundamental theorem of arithmetic. Eucl", "572978f91d046914007794d5": " infinitude of primes and the fundamental theorem of arithmetic. Eucl", "572978f91d046914007794d6": " infinitude of primes and the fundamental theorem of arithmetic. Euclid also showed how to construct a perfect number from a Mers", "572978f91d046914007794d7": " Mersenne prime. The Sieve of Eratosthenes", "57297a276aef051400154f88": " the study of prime numbers until the 17th century. In 1640 Pierre de Fer", "57297a276aef051400154f89": " n = 4 (or 216 + 1).", "57297a276aef051400154f8a": " little theorem (later proved by Leibniz and Euler). Fermat also conjectured that all numbers of the form 22n", "57297a276aef051400154f8c": " Leibniz and Euler). Fermat also conjectured that all numbers of the form 22n", "57297a276aef051400154f8b": " little theorem (later proved by Leibniz and Euler). Fermat also conjectured that all numbers of the form 22n", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c7": " trial division. This routine consists of dividing n by each integer m that is greater than 1 and less", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c8": " trial division. This routine consists of dividing n by each integer m that is greater than 1 and less", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c9": " 1 and less", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4cb": " trial division. This routine consists of dividing n by each integer m that is greater than 1 and less", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4ca": " given integer n is called trial division. This routine consists of dividing n by each integer m that is greater than 1 and less", "57297d421d046914007794e5": "Monte Carlo\") and deterministic algorithms. Deterministic algorithms provide a way to tell for sure whether a given number is prime or not.", "57297d421d046914007794e6": " probabilistic (or \"Monte Carlo\") and deterministic algorithms. Deterministic algorithms", "57297d421d046914007794e7": " probabilistic (or \"Monte Carlo\") and deterministic algorithms. Deterministic algorithms", "57297d421d046914007794e8": " probabilistic (or \"Monte Carlo\") and deterministic algorithms. Deterministic algorithms", "57297d421d046914007794e9": "Monte Carlo\") and deterministic algorithms. Deterministic algorithms provide a way to tell for sure whether a given number is prime or not.", "57297ed93f37b3190047845f": " Fermat primality", "57297ed93f37b31900478460": " composite numbers (the Carmichael numbers) that satisfy the Fermat identity", "57297ed93f37b31900478461": " composite numbers (the Carmichael numbers) that satisfy the Fermat identity", "57297ed93f37b31900478462": " Baillie-PSW, Miller-Rabin, and Solovay-Strassen tests", "57297ed93f37b31900478463": " Baillie-PSW, Miller-Rabin, and Solovay-Strassen tests", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d1": " primorial pr", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d2": " Lucas\u2013Lehmer test is particularly fast for numbers of this form. This is why the largest known prime has almost always been a Mers", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d3": " Lucas\u2013Lehmer test is particularly fast for numbers of this form. This is why the largest known prime has almost always been a Mers", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d4": " Lucas\u2013Lehmer test is particularly fast for numbers of this form. This is why the largest known prime has almost always been a Mers", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d5": " Lucas\u2013Lehmer test is particularly fast for numbers of this form. This is why the largest known prime has almost always been a Mers", "572982e66aef051400154f92": " Electronic Frontier Foundation also offers $150,000 and $250", "572982e66aef051400154f93": " the Great Internet M", "572982e66aef051400154f94": " Electronic Frontier Foundation also offers $150,000 and $250", "572982e66aef051400154f95": " Electronic Frontier Foundation also offers $150,000 and $250", "572982e76aef051400154f96": "The following table gives the largest known primes of the mentioned types. Some of these primes have been found using distributed computing", "572985011d04691400779501": " A or \u03bc requires the knowledge of infinitely many primes to begin with.", "572985011d04691400779502": " natural number n. Here represents the floor function, i.", "572985011d04691400779503": " the floor function, i.", "572985011d04691400779504": " natural number n. Here represents the floor function, i.", "572985011d04691400779505": " natural number n. Here represents the floor function, i.", "572987e46aef051400154fa2": " primes", "572987e46aef051400154fa3": " Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions asserts that the progression contains infinitely many pr", "572987e46aef051400154fa4": " Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions asserts that the progression contains infinitely many primes. The picture below illustrates this with q = 9", "572987e46aef051400154fa5": " primes", "572987e46aef051400154fa6": " primes", "572989846aef051400154fc0": " harmonic series", "572989846aef051400154fc1": " harmonic series", "572989846aef051400154fc2": " harmonic series 1 + 1/2 + 1/3 + 1", "572989846aef051400154fc3": " harmonic series 1 + 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 + ... diverges (i.", "572989846aef051400154fc4": " harmonic series 1 + 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 + ... diverges (i.", "57298ef11d0469140077952d": " physical viewpoint, it roughly states that the irregularity in the distribution of primes only comes from random noise.", "57298ef11d0469140077952e": " s = \u22122, \u22124, ..., all zeroes of the \u03b6-function have real part equal", "57298ef11d0469140077952f": " physical viewpoint, it roughly states that the irregularity in the distribution of primes only comes from random noise", "57298ef11d04691400779530": " s = \u22122, \u22124, ..., all zeroes of the \u03b6-function have real part equal to 1/2.", "57298ef11d04691400779531": " s = \u22122, \u22124, ..., all zeroes of the \u03b6-function have real part equal to 1/2.", "57299021af94a219006aa50c": " Goldbach's conjecture, which asserts that every even integer n greater than 2 can be written as a sum of two pr", "57299021af94a219006aa50b": " Goldbach's conjecture, which asserts that every even integer n greater than 2 can be written as a sum of two primes.", "57299021af94a219006aa50d": " n = 2 \u00b7 1017", "57299021af94a219006aa50e": " elementary formulation, many of these conject", "57299021af94a219006aa50f": " elementary formulation, many of these conject", "572991943f37b319004784a1": " n2 + 1. These conject", "572991943f37b319004784a2": " n2 + 1. These conject", "572991943f37b319004784a3": " n2 + 1. These conject", "572991943f37b319004784a4": " n2 + 1. These conject", "572991943f37b319004784a5": " n2 + 1. These conject", "57299326af94a219006aa515": " British mathematician G. H. Hardy", "57299326af94a219006aa516": ". H. Hardy", "57299326af94a219006aa517": ". H. Hardy", "57299326af94a219006aa518": ". H. Hardy", "57299326af94a219006aa519": " British mathematician G. H. Hardy", "572995d46aef051400154fe8": " q (rather than base 10) has similar effect, provided that p is not a prime factor of q. Wilson's theorem", "572995d46aef051400154fe9": " q (rather than base 10) has similar effect, provided that p is not a prime factor of q. Wilson's theorem", "572995d46aef051400154fea": " q (rather than base 10) has similar effect, provided that p is not a prime factor of q. Wilson's theorem", "572995d46aef051400154feb": " q (rather than base 10) has similar effect, provided that p is not a prime factor of q. Wilson's theorem", "572995d46aef051400154fec": " recurring decimal, whose period is p \u2212 1 or a divisor of p \u2212 1.", "572996c73f37b319004784b3": " Diffie\u2013Hellman", "572996c73f37b319004784b4": " Diffie\u2013Hellman", "572996c73f37b319004784b5": " 512-bit primes are frequently used for RSA and 1024-bit pr", "572996c73f37b319004784b6": " Diffie\u2013Hell", "572996c73f37b319004784b7": " 512-bit primes are frequently used for RSA and 1024-bit pr", "572998673f37b319004784d5": " Magic", "572998673f37b319004784d6": " 14- and 15-year cicadas would be up to 2% higher than during outbreaks of 13- and 17-year cic", "572998673f37b319004784d7": " Magicicada make use of prime numbers.", "572998673f37b319004784d8": " Magic", "572998673f37b319004784d9": " 14- and 15-year cicadas would be up to 2% higher than during outbreaks of 13- and 17-year cic", "57299a6f6aef051400155016": " Q or the finite field with p elements, whence the name. Often a second, additional meaning is intended", "57299a6f6aef051400155017": " Q or the finite field with p elements, whence the name. Often a second, additional meaning is", "57299a6f6aef051400155019": " connected sum of prime knots. Prime models and prime 3-manifolds", "57299a6f6aef05140015501a": " Q or the finite field with p elements, whence the name. Often a second, additional meaning is intended", "57299a6f6aef051400155018": " Q or the finite field with p elements, whence the name. Often a second, additional meaning is intended", "57299c2c6aef051400155020": " commutative ring R, an algebraic structure where addition, subt", "57299c2c6aef051400155021": "Prime numbers", "57299c2c6aef051400155022": "Prime numbers", "57299c2c6aef051400155023": "Prime numbers", "57299c2c6aef051400155024": " commutative", "57299d1c1d04691400779581": "k + 3 are Gaussian primes, whereas rational pr", "57299d1c1d04691400779582": "k + 3 are Gaussian primes, whereas rational pr", "57299d1c1d04691400779583": "k + 3 are Gaussian primes, whereas rational pr", "57299d1c1d04691400779584": "k + 3 are Gaussian primes, whereas rational pr", "57299d1c1d04691400779585": "k + 3 are Gaussian primes, whereas rational pr", "57299ec43f37b3190047850d": " the notion of number is generally replaced with that of ideal", "57299ec43f37b3190047850e": " Lasker\u2013Noether", "57299ec43f37b3190047850f": " the notion of number is generally replaced with that of ideal. Prime ideals, which generalize prime elements", "57299ec43f37b31900478510": " fundamental theorem of arithmetic generalizes to the Lasker\u2013No", "57299ec43f37b31900478511": " fundamental theorem of arithmetic generalizes to the Lasker\u2013No", "5729a03f1d04691400779593": " the notion of the spectrum", "5729a03f1d04691400779594": " the notion of the spectrum of a ring. Arithmetic geometry", "5729a03f1d04691400779595": "Prime ideals are the points of algebro-geometric objects, via the notion of the spectrum of a ring. Arithmetic geometry", "5729a03f1d04691400779596": " the notion of the spectrum of a ring. Arithmetic geometry", "5729a26d6aef05140015505a": " infinite prime). While completing Q (roughly, filling the gaps) with respect to the absolute value yields the field of real numbers, completing with respect", "5729a26d6aef05140015505b": " infinite prime). While completing Q (roughly, filling the gaps) with respect to the absolute value yields the field of real numbers, completing with respect", "5729a26d6aef05140015505c": " infinite prime). While completing Q (roughly, filling the gaps) with respect to the absolute value yields the field of real numbers, completing with respect", "5729a26d6aef05140015505d": " infinite prime). While completing Q (roughly, filling the gaps) with respect to the absolute value yields the field of real numbers, completing with respect", "5729a3716aef05140015506a": " La Nativit\u00e9 du Seigneur (19", "5729a3716aef05140015506b": " La Nativit\u00e9 du Seigneur (19", "5729a3716aef05140015506c": " primes 41, 43, 47 and 53 appear in the third \u00e9tude, \"Neumes rythmiques\". According to Messia", "5729a3716aef05140015506d": " La Nativit\u00e9 du Seigneur (19", "5729a3716aef05140015506e": " La Nativit\u00e9 du Seigneur (19", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55b": " The biggest city on the river Rhine is Cologne, Germany with a population of more", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55c": " The biggest city on the river Rhine is Cologne, Germany with a population of more", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55d": " The biggest city on the river Rhine is Cologne", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55e": " The biggest city on the river Rhine is Cologne, Germany with a population of more", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55f": " The biggest city on the river Rhine is Cologne, Germany with a population of more", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e37": " The biggest city on the river Rhine is Cologne, Germany with a population of more", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3a": " The biggest city on the river Rhine is Cologne, Germany with a population of more", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3b": " The biggest city on the river Rhine is Cologne, Germany with a population of more", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56b": " diphthong", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56c": " diphthong", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56d": " Ripuarian Rhing, while Palatine has diphthongized Rhei", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56e": " diphthong", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad7": " diphthong", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad8": " diphthong", "572fe288a23a5019007fcada": " diphthong", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad9": " diphthong", "572fe288a23a5019007fcadb": " diphthong", "572f567cb2c2fd140056803f": " Alpine", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568040": " Alpine", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568041": " shortened from the river's natural course due to number of canalisation projects", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568042": " shortened from the river's natural course due to number of canalisation projects", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568043": " The \"total length of the Rhine\", to the inclusion of Lake Constance and the Alpine", "572fe393947a6a140053cdba": " The \"total length of the Rhine\", to the inclusion of Lake Constance and the Alpine", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbb": " Alpine", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbc": " The \"total length of the Rhine\", to the inclusion of Lake Constance and the Alpine", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbe": " The \"total length of the Rhine\", to the inclusion of Lake Constance and the Alpine", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbd": " The \"total length of the Rhine\", to the inclusion of Lake Constance and the Alpine", "572f5703a23a5019007fc573": " Alpine Rhine", "572f5703a23a5019007fc574": " Alpine Rhine", "572f5703a23a5019007fc575": " Alpine Rhine", "572f5703a23a5019007fc576": " Alpine Rhine", "572f5703a23a5019007fc577": " Alpine Rhine", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4b": " Alpine Rhine", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4c": " 86 km", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4d": " 599 m to 396 m", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4e": " Alpine", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4f": " Alpine Rhine", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686d": " The natural Rhine originally branched into at least two arms and formed small islands by precipitating sediments", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686e": " Alter Rhein (\"Old Rhine\") and in the East by a modern canalized section. Most of the delta is a nature reserve", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686f": " delta is a nature reserve", "572f57c704bcaa1900d76870": " The natural Rhine originally branched into at least two arms and formed small islands by precipitating sediments", "572f57c704bcaa1900d76871": " The natural Rhine originally branched into at least two arms and formed small islands by precipitating sediments", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e55": " The natural Rhine originally branched into at least two arms and formed small islands by precipitating sediments", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e56": " Alter Rhein (\"Old Rhine\") and in the East by a modern canalized section. Most of the delta is a nature reserve", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e57": " Alter Rhein (\"Old Rhine\") and in the East by a modern canalized section. Most of the delta is a nature reserve", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e58": " The natural Rhine originally branched into at least two arms and formed small islands by precipitating sediments", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e59": " The natural Rhine originally branched into at least two arms and formed small islands by precipitating sediments", "572f5875947a6a140053c89a": " darker color than the Rhine", "572f5875947a6a140053c89b": " darker color than the Rhine", "572f5875947a6a140053c89c": " darker color than the Rhine", "572f5875947a6a140053c89d": " darker color than the Rhine", "572f5875947a6a140053c89e": " The Dornbirner Ach had to be diverted, too, and it now flows parallel to the canal", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e69": " The Dornbirner Ach had to be diverted, too, and it now flows parallel to the canal", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6b": " darker color than the Rhine", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6a": " darker color than the Rhine", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6c": " Dornbirner Ach had to be diverted, too, and it now flows parallel to the canal", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6d": " darker color than the Rhine", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57d": " The Rhine", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc580": " The Rhine flows into it from the south following the Swiss-Austrian border. It is located at approximately 47\u00b0", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57e": " The Rhine", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc581": " The Rhine flows into it from the south following the Swiss-Austrian border. It is located at approximately 47\u00b0", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57f": " The Rhine flows into it from the south following the Swiss-Austrian border. It is located at approximately 47\u00b0", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858b": " The Rhine", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858c": " The Rhine flows into it from the south following the Swiss-Austrian border. It is located at approximately 47\u00b0", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858d": " The Rhine flows into it from the south following the Swiss-Austrian border. It is located at approximately 47\u00b0", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858e": " The Rhine flows into it from the south following the Swiss-Austrian border. It is located at approximately 47\u00b0", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858f": " The Rhine", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc587": " Constance hopper", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58a": " Constance hopper", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc588": " Constance hopper", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58b": " Constance hopper", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc589": " Constance hopper", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e95": " Constance hopper", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e96": " hopper", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e97": " hopper", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e98": " Constance hopper", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e99": " Constance hopper", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5af": " canton of Schaffhausen", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b0": " canton of Schaffhausen", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b1": " m3", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b2": " canton of Schaffhausen", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b3": " tributary, the river Aare. The Aare more than doubles the Rhine's water discharge, to an average of nearly", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde0": " canton of Schaffhausen", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde1": " canton of Schaffhausen", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde2": " m3", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde3": " tributary, the river Aare. The Aare more than doubles the Rhine's water discharge, to an average of nearly", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde4": " canton of Schaffhausen", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ea": " the \"Rhine knee\"; this is a major bend, where the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8eb": " the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ec": " the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North. Here the High Rhine ends. Legally, the Central Bridge", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ed": " 300 km", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ee": " 300 km", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf2": " the \"Rhine knee\"; this is a major bend, where the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf3": " the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf4": " the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf5": " the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf6": " the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North. Here the High Rhine ends. Legally, the Central Bridge", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b7": "ine", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b8": " Rhine straightening", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b9": " Rhine straightening", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680ba": "ine straightening", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680bb": "The Upper Rhine region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5b": " the 19th Century", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5c": " Rhine straightening", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5d": " Rhine straightening program", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5e": " Rhine straightening", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5f": "ine straightening", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cc": " Dutch border, the Rhine has an annual mean discharge of 2,290 m3/s (81,000 cu ft/", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cd": " m3/s (11,000 cu ft/s). Northeastern France drains to the Rhine", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cb": " Dutch border, the Rhine has an annual mean discharge of 2,290 m3/s (81,000 cu ft/", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680ce": " Luxembourg and a very small part of Belgium also drain to the Rhine", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cf": " Dutch border, the Rhine has an annual mean discharge of 2,290 m3/s (81,000 cu ft/", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef5": " Dutch border, the Rhine has an annual mean discharge of 2,290 m3/s (81,000 cu ft/", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef6": " Dutch border, the Rhine has an annual mean discharge of 2,290 m3/s (81,000 cu ft/", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef7": " Dutch border, the Rhine has an annual mean discharge of 2,290 m3/s (81,000 cu ft/", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef8": " Dutch border, the Rhine has an annual mean discharge of 2,290 m3/s (81,000 cu ft/", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef9": " m3/s (81,000 cu ft/s) and an average width of 400 m (1,300 ft).", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5eb": " uplift in the region, such that the river was left at about its original level while the surrounding lands raised. The gorge", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ec": " the Middle Rhine flows through the Rhine", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ed": " The rate of erosion equaled the uplift", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ee": " The rate of erosion equaled the uplift in the region", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76eff": " the Rhine", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f00": " the Middle Rhine flows through the Rhine", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f02": " The rate of erosion equaled the uplift in the region", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f03": " The rate of erosion equaled the uplift in the region", "572f6c85947a6a140053c940": " Rotterdam, Antwerp and Amsterdam. The Ruhr, which joins the Rhine in Duis", "572f6c85947a6a140053c942": " Rotterdam, Antwerp and Amsterdam", "572f6c85947a6a140053c943": " Rotterdam, Antwerp and Amsterdam. The Ruhr, which joins the Rhine in Duis", "572f6c85947a6a140053c944": "r, which joins the Rhine in Duis", "572f6c85947a6a140053c941": " Rotterdam, Antwerp and Amsterdam. The Ruhr, which joins the Rhine in Duis", "572ff293947a6a140053ce52": " Rotterdam, Antwerp and Amsterdam. The Ruhr, which joins the Rhine in Duis", "572ff293947a6a140053ce53": " Duis", "572ff293947a6a140053ce54": " Rotterdam, Antwerp and Amsterdam. The Ruhr, which joins the Rhine in Duis", "572ff293947a6a140053ce55": " Rotterdam, Antwerp and Amsterdam", "572ff293947a6a140053ce56": " The Ruhr, which joins the Rhine in Duis", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc621": " The Rhine Gorge", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc622": " viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc623": " The Rhine Gorge", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc624": " The Rhine Gorge", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce66": " The Rhine Gorge", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce67": " viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce68": " The Rhine Gorge between R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce69": " viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce6a": " viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge", "572f7588947a6a140053c984": " Duisburg", "572f7588947a6a140053c985": "The Lower Rhine flows through North Rhine-Westphalia", "572f7588947a6a140053c986": " Du", "572f7588947a6a140053c987": " Du", "572f7588947a6a140053c988": " Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe (Duisport). The region downstream of Du", "572ff430a23a5019007fcba9": " Duisburg", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbaa": " Duisburg", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbab": " Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe (Duisport", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbac": " Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe (Duisport). The region downstream of Du", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbad": " Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe (Duisport). The region downstream of Du", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568154": " Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568153": " the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568155": " Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f24": " Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water. Two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f25": " Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water. Two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f26": " Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f27": " Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a2": " one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a3": " one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a4": "ana", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a5": " one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2d": " one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2e": " one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2f": " one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f30": "ana", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f31": "ana", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568657": " The latter flows west into a sluice at Katwijk, where its waters can be discharged into the North Sea.", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568658": " The latter flows west into a sluice at Katwijk, where its waters can be discharged into the North Sea.", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568659": " the old north branch of the Rhine is called Kromme Rijn (\"Bent Rhine\") past Utrecht", "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865a": " the old north branch of the Rhine is called Kromme Rijn (\"Bent Rhine\") past Utrecht", "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865b": " The latter flows west into a sluice at Katw", "572ff673b2c2fd1400568669": " delta", "572ff673b2c2fd140056866a": " delta", "572ff673b2c2fd140056866b": " delta", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f51": " two bifurcations: first, at Millingen aan de R", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f52": " two bifurcations", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f53": " two bifurcations: first, at Milling", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f55": " two bifurcations: first, at Milling", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f54": " bifurcations", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568681": " 1904, the Meuse and Waal merged further upstream at Gorinchem to form Merwede. For flood", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568682": " 1904", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568683": " estuary", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568685": " estuary", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568684": " estuary with Waal and Lek", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbce": " been closed (\"dammed\") and now serve as drainage", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcf": " delta", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcd": " been closed (\"dammed\") and now serve as drainage", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbd0": " delta", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869b": " tidal", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869c": " tidal delta, shaped not only by the sedimentation of the rivers, but also by tidal currents", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869d": " tidal", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869e": " Delta Works", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbe9": " microplates were caught in the squeeze and rotated or were pushed laterally", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbeb": " microplates were caught in the squeeze and rotated or were pushed laterally", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbec": " squeeze and rotated or were pushed laterally", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbea": " Triassic Period of the Mesozoic Era, with the opening of the Tethys Ocean", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbed": " Mediterranean geography: Iberia pushed up the Pyrenees", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b7": " Miocene, a river system", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b8": " Miocene, a river system", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b9": " Miocene, a river system had developed in the Upper Rhine Grab", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686ba": " discharge from the Alps; instead, the watersheds of the Rhone and Danube drained the northern fl", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef0": " The northern Alps were then drained by the Rhone", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef1": " the Pliocene period", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef2": " the Pliocene period", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc15": " the geological period of the Ice Ages. Since approximately 600,", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc16": " the geological period of the Ice Ages. Since approximately 600,", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc17": " Pleistocene, the Rhine followed a course to the northwest, through the present North Sea. During the so-", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc18": " geological period of the Ice Ages. Since approximately 600,", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc19": " geological period of the Ice Ages. Since approximately 600,", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e5": " peaking around 70,000 BP and around 29,000\u201324", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e6": " peaking around 70,000 BP and around 29,000\u201324", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e7": " global last ice age maximum (Last Glacial Maximum). During this time, the lower Rhine flowed roughly west through the Netherlands and extended to the southwest", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e8": " peaking around 70,000 BP and around 29,000\u201324", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e9": " peaking around 70,000 BP and around 29,000\u201324", "572fff45947a6a140053cf26": " not under the ice during the last Ice Age; although, its source must still have been a glacier", "572fff45947a6a140053cf27": " not under the ice during the last Ice Age; although, its source must still have been a glacier", "572fff45947a6a140053cf28": " tundra", "572fff45947a6a140053cf29": " its source must still have been a glacier", "572fff45947a6a140053cf2a": " The loess or wind-blown dust over that tundra, settled in and around the Rhine", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76fef": " 22,000 years ago onward, frozen subsoil", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff0": " 13,000 BP. By 9000 BP, Europe was fully forested. With globally shrinking ice-cover", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff1": " 13,000 BP. By 9000 BP, Europe was fully forested. With globally shrinking ice-cover", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff2": " 13,000 BP", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff3": " 13,000 BP. By 9000 BP, Europe was fully forested. With globally shrinking ice-cover", "573003dd947a6a140053cf42": " 7500", "573003dd947a6a140053cf43": " coastal processes together, could compensate the transgression by the sea", "573003dd947a6a140053cf44": " a situation with tides and currents", "573003dd947a6a140053cf45": " tectonic subsidence, the sea level is still rising", "573003dd947a6a140053cf46": " tectonic subsidence, the sea level is still rising", "5730042804bcaa1900d77011": " the Rhine occupied its Late-Glacial valley. As a meandering river", "5730042804bcaa1900d77014": " absolute sea-level rise and tectonic subsidence", "5730042804bcaa1900d77012": " the Rhine occupied its Late-Glacial valley. As a meandering river", "5730042804bcaa1900d77013": " the Rhine", "57300580b2c2fd140056874d": "ze", "57300580b2c2fd140056874f": " delta. As a result of increasing land clearance (Bronze", "57300580b2c2fd140056874e": " delta. As a result of increasing land clearance (Bronze", "57300580b2c2fd1400568751": " delta. As a result of increasing land clearance (Bronze", "57300580b2c2fd1400568750": " delta. As a result of increasing land clearance (Bronze", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702d": " river engineering works", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702e": " river engineering works", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702f": " river engineering works", "5730069004bcaa1900d77030": " Waal and Nederrijn-Lek discharge to the North Sea", "5730069004bcaa1900d77031": " river engineering works", "57300761947a6a140053cf9a": " La T\u00e8ne culture covered almost its entire length, forming a contact zone with the Jastorf culture, i.", "57300761947a6a140053cf9b": " The Upper Rhine had been part of the areal", "57300761947a6a140053cf9c": " La T\u00e8ne culture covered almost its entire length, forming a contact zone with the Jastorf culture, i.", "57300761947a6a140053cf9d": " The Upper Rhine had been part of the areal", "573007fab2c2fd140056876b": " The southern part was different. The upper Rhine and upper Dan", "573007fab2c2fd140056876c": " the water-boundary of the Rhine and upper Danube", "573007fab2c2fd140056876d": " the water-boundary of the Rhine and upper Danube", "573007fab2c2fd140056876f": " the water-boundary of the Rhine and upper Danube", "573007fab2c2fd140056876e": " The southern part was different. The upper Rhine and upper Dan", "57300888b2c2fd1400568775": " The actual number of legions present at any base or in all, depended on whether a state or threat of war existed. Between about AD", "57300888b2c2fd1400568777": "The Romans kept eight", "57300888b2c2fd1400568778": "The Romans kept eight legions in five bases along the Rhine", "57300888b2c2fd1400568776": " The actual number of legions present at any base or in all, depended on whether a state or threat of war existed. Between about AD", "57300888b2c2fd1400568779": "The Romans kept eight legions in five bases along the Rhine", "57300911947a6a140053cfb6": " Heroic Age\" is reflected in medieval legend, such as the Nibelungen", "57300911947a6a140053cfb7": " Heroic Age\" is reflected in medieval legend, such as the Nibelungen", "57300911947a6a140053cfb8": "ic tribes crossed the Rhine", "57300911947a6a140053cfb9": " Heroic Age\" is reflected in medieval legend, such as the Nibelungen", "57300911947a6a140053cfba": " Heroic Age\" is reflected in medieval legend, such as the Nibelungen", "573009a004bcaa1900d7704f": " Netherlands", "573009a004bcaa1900d77050": " The mouths of the Rhine, in the county of Holland, fell to the Burgundian Netherlands", "573009a004bcaa1900d77051": " Netherlands", "573009a004bcaa1900d77052": " Netherlands", "573009a004bcaa1900d77053": " The mouths of the Rhine, in the county of Holland, fell to the Burgundian Netherlands", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc97": " the Upper Rhine formed a contentious border between France and Germany. Establishing \"natural borders\" on the Rhine", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc98": " French leaders", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc99": " Napoleon, as a French client state, in 1806", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9a": " 1806", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9b": " French leaders, such as Louis XIV and Napoleon Bonaparte, tried with varying degrees of success to annex lands west of the Rhine.", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77063": " 1935", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77064": " 1935", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77065": " 1935 and after that, it would be a demilitarised zone, with the German army forbidden to enter. The Treaty of Versa", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77066": " 1935 and after that, it would be a demilitarised zone, with the German army forbidden to enter. The Treaty of Versa", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77067": " 1935 and after that, it would be a demilitarised zone, with the German army forbidden to enter. The Treaty of Versa", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77087": " The Rhine bridge", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77088": " The Rhine bridge", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77089": " The Rhine bridge", "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708a": " The Rhine bridge", "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708b": " Seven Days to the River Rhine was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe", "57300c67947a6a140053cff0": "230", "57300c67947a6a140053cff1": " authoritative Brockhaus Enzykl", "57300c67947a6a140053cff3": " 1,230", "57300c67947a6a140053cff2": " 1,230", "57300c68947a6a140053cff4": " 1932", "572fac17947a6a140053cb54": " the Scotland Act 1998", "572fac17947a6a140053cb55": " Scottish Parliament has the power to legislate in all areas that are not explicitly reserved to Westminster", "572fac17947a6a140053cb56": " Westminster.", "572fac17947a6a140053cb57": " Scottish Parliament has the power to legislate in all areas that are not explicitly reserved to Westminster.", "572fac17947a6a140053cb58": " Westminster", "572facb0a23a5019007fc863": " 1914, but were shelved due to the outbreak of the First World", "572facb0a23a5019007fc864": " 1914, but were shelved due to the outbreak of the First World", "572facb0a23a5019007fc865": " 1914, but were shelved due to the outbreak of the First World", "572facb0a23a5019007fc866": " 1914, but were shelved due to the outbreak of the First World", "572facb0a23a5019007fc867": " 1914, but were shelved due to the outbreak of the First World", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86d": " the discovery of oil in the North Sea and the following \"It's Scotland's oil\" campaign", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86e": "'s oil\" campaign of the Scottish National Party (SN", "572fad30a23a5019007fc870": " 1974", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86f": " Wilson committing his government to some form of devolved legislature", "572fad30a23a5019007fc871": " the discovery of oil in the North Sea and the following \"It's Scotland's oil\" campaign", "572fadcbb2c2fd1400568329": " Edinburgh", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832a": " 1979", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832c": " the vote was 51.6% in favour of a Scottish Assembly, this figure did not equal the 40% of the total electorate threshold", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832b": " 1979", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832d": " the vote was 51.6% in favour of a Scottish Assembly, this figure did not equal the 40% of the total electorate threshold", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76bdf": " 1989 Scottish Constitutional Convention with various organisations such as Scottish churches, political parties and representatives of industry taking part. Publishing its blueprint for devolution", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be0": " 1989 Scottish Constitutional Convention with various organisations such as Scottish churches, political parties and representatives of industry taking part. Publishing its blueprint for devolution", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be1": " 1989 Scottish Constitutional Convention with various organisations such as Scottish churches, political parties and representatives of industry taking part. Publishing its blueprint for devolution", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be2": " 1989 Scottish Constitutional Convention with various organisations such as Scottish churches, political parties and representatives of industry taking part. Publishing its blueprint for devolution in 1995", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568333": " new Scottish Parliament Building, in the Holyrood area of Edinburgh. The Scottish Parliament building was designed by Spanish architect Enric Miralles", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568334": " Spanish architect Enric Miralles", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568335": " Scottish Parliament building was designed by Spanish architect Enric Mirall", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568336": " Scottish Parliament Building", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568337": " The Scottish Parliament building was designed by Spanish architect Enric Miralles", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568349": " the Parliament was temporarily relocated to the former Strathclyde Regional Council debating chamber in Glasgow", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568347": " the permanent building at Holyrood was being constructed, the Parliament's temporary home was the General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland on the Royal Mile", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568348": " Regional Council debating chamber in Glasgow", "572faf74b2c2fd140056834b": " the Parliament was temporarily relocated to the former Strathclyde Regional Council debating chamber in Glasgow", "572faf74b2c2fd140056834a": " the former Strathclyde Regional Council debating chamber in Glasgow", "572fb059947a6a140053cb80": " Edinburgh", "572fb059947a6a140053cb81": " Edinburgh", "572fb059947a6a140053cb82": " Edinburgh", "572fb059947a6a140053cb83": " Edinburgh", "572fb059947a6a140053cb84": " Edinburgh", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c15": " Tricia Marwick), and two MSPs to serve as deputies (currently Elaine Smith and John Scott).", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c16": " Corporate Body. When chairing meetings of the Parliament, the Presiding Officer and his/", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c17": " Tricia Marwick), and two MSPs to serve as deputies (currently Elaine Smith and John Scott).", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c18": " Tricia Marwick), and two M", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c19": " clerks, who give advice on how to interpret the standing orders that govern the proceedings of meetings. A vote clerk", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f7": " Scottish Parliament", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f8": " Scottish Parliament", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f9": " Scottish Parliament", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8fa": " Standing Orders of the Parliament the Bureau consists of the Presiding Officer and one representative from each political parties with five or more seats in the Parliament.", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5b": " MSPs and 2 are seats for the Scottish Law Officers \u2013 the Lord Advocate and the Solic", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5c": " The First Minister, Scottish cabinet ministers and Law officers sit in the front row, in the middle section of the chamber.", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5d": " The First Minister, Scottish cabinet ministers and Law officers sit in the front row, in the middle section of the chamber.", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5e": " The First Minister, Scottish cabinet ministers and Law officers sit in the front row, in the middle section of the chamber.", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5f": " MSPs and 2 are seats for the Scottish Law Officers \u2013 the Lord Advocate and the Solic", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc938": " silver and inlaid with gold", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc937": " silver and inlaid with gold", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93a": " the Queen upon its official opening in July 1999", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc939": " mace, which is made from silver and inlaid with gold", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93b": " mace, which is made from silver and inlaid with gold", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c73": " Holyrood", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c74": " Holyrood", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c75": " Holyrood", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c76": " Holyrood", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c77": " Holyrood", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95d": " Faith groups can make direct representations to the Presiding Officer to nominate speakers.", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95e": " Scottish census.", "572fc043a23a5019007fc960": " Faith", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95f": " Scottish census", "572fc043a23a5019007fc961": " Scottish census. Invitations to address Parliament in this manner are determined by the Presiding Officer", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc80": " political parties", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc81": " Scottish Parliament has conducted debates in the Gaelic language", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc82": " political parties", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc83": " Scottish Parliament has conducted debates in the Gaelic language", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc84": " constituency or cabinet position, and hand clapping is allowed. Speeches to the chamber are normally delivered in English", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccb": " the sounding of the division bell", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccc": " \"There will be a division\" and members vote by means of electronic consoles", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccd": " \"There will be a division\" and members vote by means of electronic consoles", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76cce": " \"There will be a division\" and members vote by means of electronic consoles", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccf": " \"There will be a division\" and members vote by means of electronic consoles", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8a": " whips, with the task of ensuring that party members vote according to the party line. MSPs do not tend to vote against such instructions", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8b": " whips, with the task of ensuring that party members vote according to the party line. MSPs do not tend to vote against such instructions", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8c": " whips, with the task of ensuring that party members vote according to the party line. MSPs do not tend to vote against such instructions", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8e": " whips, with the task of ensuring that party members vote according to the party line. MSPs do not tend to vote against such instructions", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8d": " whips, with the task of ensuring that party members vote according to the party line. MSPs do not tend to vote against such instructions", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568447": " MSP", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568449": " relevant minister", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568448": " relevant minister", "572fc659b2c2fd140056844a": " relevant minister", "572fc659b2c2fd140056844b": " MSP", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf5": " committee", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf6": " Scottish Parliament is done in committee", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf7": " Committee meetings take place on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday morning when Parliament is sitting. Committees can also meet at other locations throughout Scotland.", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf8": " Committee meetings take place on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday morning when Parliament is sitting. Committees can also meet at other locations throughout Scotland", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf9": " Committee meetings take place on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday morning when Parliament is sitting. Committees can also meet at other locations throughout Scotland", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d07": " Mandatory Committees are committees which are set down under the Scottish Parliament's standing orders, which govern their remits and proceedings.", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d08": " MSPs, with membership reflecting the balance of parties across Parliament. There are different committees with their functions set out in different ways.", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d09": " Scottish Parliament's standing orders, which govern their remits and proceedings.", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0a": " Scottish Parliament's standing orders", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0b": " MSPs, with membership reflecting the balance of parties across Parliament. There are different committees with their functions set out in different ways.", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d11": " one (or more) of the departments (or ministries) of the Scottish Government.", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d12": " one (or more) of the departments (or ministries) of the Scottish Government", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d13": " one (or more) of the departments (or ministries) of the Scottish Government.", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d14": " one (or more) of the departments (or ministries) of the Scottish Government.", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d1f": " Scottish Parliament or Scottish Government. Private bills normally relate to large-scale development projects", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d20": " Scottish Parliament or Scottish Government. Private bills normally relate to large-scale development projects", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d21": " Bill Committees have been set up to consider legislation", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d22": " Bill Committees have been set up to consider legislation on issues such as the development of the Edinburgh Tram Network", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568473": "The Scotland Act 1998", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568474": "The Scotland Act 1998", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568475": " UK Parliament in Westminster.", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568476": " UK Parliament in Westminster. The Scottish Parliament has the power to pass laws and has limited tax-varying capability.", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568477": " UK Parliament in Westminster.", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f1": " Scottish Parliament has the ability to alter income tax in Scotland by up to 3 pence in the pound.", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f2": " Scottish Parliament has the ability to alter income tax in Scotland by up to 3 pence in the pound.", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f3": " Scottish Parliament has the ability to alter income tax in Scotland by up to 3 pence in the pound.", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f4": " Scottish Parliament has the ability to alter income tax", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f5": "olved matters are all subjects which are not explicitly stated in Schedule 5", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847d": "erved matters", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847e": " Scottish Parliament is unable to legislate on such issues that are reserved to, and dealt with at, Westminster", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847f": " Scottish Parliament is unable to legislate on such issues that are reserved to, and dealt with at, Westminster", "572fcc43b2c2fd1400568480": " Scottish Parliament is unable to legisl", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccda": " government bills introduced by ministers", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdb": " government bills introduced by ministers", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdc": " government bills introduced by ministers", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdd": " government bills introduced by ministers", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccde": " government bills introduced by ministers", "572fce12a23a5019007fca11": " the relevant committee or committees and is then submitted to the whole Parliament", "572fce13a23a5019007fca12": " the relevant committee or committees and is then submitted to the whole Parliament", "572fce13a23a5019007fca13": " the relevant committee or committees and is then submitted to the whole Parliament", "572fce13a23a5019007fca14": " the relevant committee or committees and is then submitted to the whole Parliament", "572fce13a23a5019007fca15": " the relevant committee", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd02": " the final stage of the bill and is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament.", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd03": " Decision Time on whether they agree to the general principles of the final bill.", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd04": " the final stage of the bill and is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament.", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd05": " the final stage of the bill and is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament.", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd06": " Decision Time on whether they agree to the general principles of the final bill.", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684a9": " \"The Bill for this Act of the Scottish Parliament was passed by the Parliament on [Date] and received royal assent on [Date]\".", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684aa": " \"The Bill for this Act of the Scottish Parliament was passed by the Parliament on [Date] and received royal assent on [Date]\".", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ab": " \"The Bill for this Act of the Scottish Parliament was passed by the Parliament on [Date] and received royal assent on [Date]\".", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ac": " \"The Bill for this Act of the Scottish Parliament was passed by the Parliament on [Date] and received royal assent on [Date]\".", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ad": " \"The Bill for this Act of the Scottish Parliament was passed by the Parliament on [Date] and received royal assent on [Date]\".", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca55": "The party, or parties, that hold the majority of seats in the Parliament forms the Scottish Government.", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca57": "The party, or parties, that hold the majority of seats in the Parliament forms the Scottish Government.", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca56": " First Minister from a number of candidates at the beginning of each parliamentary term (after a general election).", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca58": " MSPs, with the exception of Scotland's Chief Law Officers: the Lord Advocate and the Solicitor General.", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca59": " Scottish Government.", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76d9f": " one month", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da0": " one month", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da1": " 1999 (i.e., 5 May 2011, 7 May 2015, etc.).", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da3": " one month", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da2": " one month", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd32": " MSPs are invited to question.", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd33": " MSPs are invited to question.", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd34": " MSPs are invited to question.", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd35": " Scottish Parliament to scrutinise the Government. The First Minister or members of the cabinet can deliver statements to Parliament", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3a": "ary time is also set aside for question periods in the debating chamber. A \"General Question Time\" takes place on a Thursday between 11:40 a", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3b": " \"General Question Time\" takes place on a Thursday between 11:40 a.", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3c": "ary time is also set aside for question periods in the debating chamber. A \"General Question Time\" takes place on a Thursday between 11:40 a", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3d": " Opposition leaders ask a general question of the First Minister", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3e": "ary time is also set aside for question periods in the debating chamber. A \"General Question Time\" takes place on a Thursday between 11:40 a", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684f9": " Scottish Parliament constituencies shared the same boundaries as the UK Parliament", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fb": " 73 Scottish Parliament constituencies shared the same boundaries as the UK Parliament", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fa": " Scottish Parliament constituencies shared the same boundaries as the UK Parliament", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fd": " Scottish Parliament in Edinburgh. If a Constituency M", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fc": " 73 Scottish Parliament constituencies shared the same boundaries as the UK Parliament", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850b": " constituency seats).", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850c": " constituency seats).", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850d": " constituency seats).", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850e": " constituency seats).", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850f": " constituency seats).", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851d": " civil servants and members of foreign legislatures are disqualified. An individual may not sit in the Scottish Parliament if he or", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851e": " MSP. Such qualifications were introduced under the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851f": "qualification Act 1975", "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568520": " Scottish Parliament as elected M", "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568521": " MSP. Such qualifications were introduced under the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dd9": " The SNP took 16 seats from Labour,", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dda": " The SNP took 16 seats from Labour, with many of their key figures not returned to parliament", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddb": " The SNP took 16 seats from Labour, with many of their key figures not returned to parliament, although Labour leader Iain Gray retained East Loth", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddc": " 16 seats from Labour,", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddd": " The SNP took 16 seats from Labour,", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca93": " the seat of former party leader David McLetchie, to the SNP. McLet", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca94": " McLet", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca95": " McLetchie, to the SNP. McLet", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca96": " McLetchie, to the SNP. McLet", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca97": " the main disappointment was the loss of Edinburgh Pentlands, the seat of former party leader David McLetchie, to the SNP. McLet", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9d": " procedural consequence of the establishment of the Scottish Parliament is that Scottish MPs sitting in the UK House of Commons are able to vote on domestic legislation", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9e": " Lothian question and has led to criticism.", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9f": " Lothian question and has led to criticism.", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa0": " Lothian question and has led to criticism.", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa1": " Scottish MPs sitting in the UK House of Commons are able to vote on domestic legislation", "572ff626947a6a140053ce8e": " moral conservatism, literalism, and the attempt \"to implement Islamic values in all spheres of life.\"", "572ff626947a6a140053ce8f": " moral conservatism, literalism, and the attempt \"to implement Islamic values in all spheres of life.\"", "572ff626947a6a140053ce90": " moral conservatism, literalism, and the attempt \"to implement Islamic values in all spheres of life.\"", "572ff626947a6a140053ce91": " different Islamist movements have been described as \"oscillating", "572ff626947a6a140053ce92": " moral conservatism, literalism, and the attempt \"to implement Islamic values in all spheres of life.\"", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568677": " Jamaat-e-Islami of Pakistan", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568678": " Jamaat-e-Islami of Pakistan", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568679": " Radical Islamist organizations like al-Qaeda and the Egyptian Islamic Jihad", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867a": " the Tunisian Ennahda Movement. Jamaat-e-Islami of Pakistan", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867b": " the Tunisian Ennahda Movement. Jamaat-e-Islami of Pakistan", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f65": "afi movement", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f66": "afi movement", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f67": "afi movement", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f68": " democracy", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f69": "afi movement", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd5": "iberal Islamic regimes, to the detriment of progressive moderates", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd6": "iberal Islamic regimes, to the detriment of progressive moderates", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd7": "iberal Islamic regimes, to the detriment of progressive moderates", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd8": "iberal Islamic regimes, to the detriment of progressive moderates", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd9": " progressive moderates", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76f9f": " Iranian Islamic Revolution and apolitical Islam was a historical fluke", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa0": "olitical Islam was a historical fluke", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa1": "olitical Islam", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa2": " Iranian Islamic Revolution and apolitical Islam was a historical fluke", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa3": " Iranian Islamic Revolution and apolitical Islam", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee7": " leftist/communist/nationalist insurgents", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee6": " Islamist groups", "572ffbaa947a6a140053ceea": " mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan enemies of the Soviet Union, and non-Afghan veterans of the war returned home with their prestige", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee9": "Afghan veterans of the war returned home with their prestige, \"experience, ideology, and weapons\", and had considerable impact.", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee8": " leftist/communist/nationalist insurgents", "572ffbaab2c2fd14005686cd": " mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan enemies of the Soviet Union, and non-Afghan veterans of the war returned home with their prestige", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef6": " 1975 but not before Islamists came to completely dominate university student unions. Sadat was later assassinated and a formidable insurgency was formed in Egypt in the 1990s", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef7": " 1975 but not before Islamists came to completely dominate university student unions. Sadat was later assassinated and a formidable insurgency was formed in Egypt in the 1990s", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef8": " 1975 but not before Islamists came to completely dominate university student unions. Sadat was later assassinated and a formidable insurgency was formed in Egypt in the 1990s", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef9": " 1975", "572ffc99947a6a140053cefa": " 1975 but not before Islamists came to completely dominate university student unions. Sadat was later assassinated and a formidable insurgency was formed in Egypt in the 1990s", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc7": " this funding was the strict, conservative Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism.", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc8": "The interpretation of Islam promoted by this funding was the strict, conservative Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism.", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc9": "The interpretation of Islam promoted by this funding was the strict, conservative Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fca": "The interpretation of Islam promoted by this funding was the strict, conservative Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism.", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fcb": "The interpretation of Islam promoted by this funding was the strict, conservative Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism.", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686ef": "ist", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f2": " incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful governments", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f0": "ist movements", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f3": " incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful governments", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f1": "ist movements", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf14": " All India Muslim League. He came back to Lahore in 1908. While dividing his time between law practice and philosophical poetry, Iq", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf15": " All India Muslim League. He came back to Lahore in 1908. While dividing his time between law practice and philosophical poetry, Iq", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf17": " Indian nationalist and secularist Indian National Congress. Iq", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf16": " All India Muslim League. He came back to Lahore in 1908", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf18": " 1934", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686f9": "-majority provinces in northwestern India", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fa": "-majority provinces in northwestern India", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fb": "-majority provinces in northwestern India", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fc": " 1930", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fd": "-majority provinces in northwestern India", "5730005db2c2fd1400568703": " political organising", "5730005db2c2fd1400568704": " 1972. However, Maududi had much more impact through his writing than through his political organising", "5730005db2c2fd1400568705": " 1972. However, Maududi had much more impact through his writing than through his political organising", "5730005db2c2fd1400568706": " political organising", "5730005db2c2fd1400568707": " political organising", "57300137b2c2fd1400568717": " political organising", "57300137b2c2fd1400568718": " 1972. However, Maududi had much more impact through his writing than through his political organising", "57300137b2c2fd140056871a": " political organising", "57300137b2c2fd140056871b": " political organising", "57300200b2c2fd1400568729": " Iranian Revolution, but the gradual changing the hearts and minds of individuals from the top of society downward through an educational process or da'wah.", "57300200b2c2fd140056872a": " Iranian Revolution, but the gradual changing the hearts and minds of individuals from the top of society downward through an educational process or da'wah.", "57300200b2c2fd140056872b": " Iranian Revolution, but the gradual changing the hearts and minds of individuals from the top of society downward through an educational process or da'wah.", "57300200b2c2fd140056872c": " Iranian Revolution, but the gradual changing the hearts and minds of individuals from the top of society downward through an educational process or da'wah.", "57300200b2c2fd140056872d": " Iranian Revolution, but the gradual changing the hearts and minds of individuals", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77001": " Maududi", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77002": " Maududi was the founding of the Muslim Brotherhood in Ismailiyah", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77003": " Maududi was the founding of the Muslim Brotherhood in Ismailiyah", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77004": " Maududi", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77005": " Maududi", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4c": " Al-Banna was assassinated in 1949", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4d": " 1949", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4e": " 1949", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4f": " Al-Banna was assassinated in 1949 in retaliation for the assassination of Egypt's premier Mahmud Fami Naqrashi three months earlier.", "5730040f947a6a140053cf50": " Al-Banna was assassinated in 1949", "573004bf947a6a140053cf56": " \"semi-legal\" and was the only opposition group in Egypt able to field candidates during elections.", "573004bf947a6a140053cf59": " \"semi-legal\" and was the only opposition group in Egypt able to field candidates during elections.", "573004bf947a6a140053cf57": " \"semi-legal\" and was the only opposition group in Egypt able to field candidates during elections.", "573004bf947a6a140053cf58": " \"semi-legal\" and was the only opposition group in Egypt able to field candidates during elections.", "573004bf947a6a140053cf5a": " \"semi-legal\" and was the only opposition group in Egypt able to field candidates during elections.", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6a": " secular Arab nationalism", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6b": " secular Arab nationalism", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6c": " secular Arab nationalism", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6d": " secular Arab nationalism", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6e": " secular Arab nationalism", "5730088e947a6a140053cfad": " Khomeini's beliefs is perceived to be placed somewhere between beliefs of Sunni Islamic thinkers like Mawdudi and Qutb.", "5730088e947a6a140053cfac": " Khomeini", "5730088e947a6a140053cfae": " Khomeini's beliefs is perceived to be placed somewhere between beliefs of Sunni Islamic thinkers like Mawd", "5730088e947a6a140053cfaf": " Khomeini's beliefs is perceived to be placed somewhere between beliefs of Sunni Islamic thinkers like Mawdudi and Qutb.", "5730088e947a6a140053cfb0": " Khomeini's beliefs is perceived to be placed somewhere between beliefs of Sunni Islamic thinkers like Mawdudi and Qutb.", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b7": " economic sanctions, and has created or assisted like-minded Shia terrorist groups", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b9": "The Islamic Republic has also maintained its hold on power in Iran in spite of US economic sanctions, and has created or assisted like-minded Shia terrorist groups", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b8": "The Islamic Republic has also maintained its hold on power in Iran in spite of US economic sanctions, and has created or assisted like-minded", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770ba": "The Islamic Republic has also maintained its hold on power in Iran in spite of US economic sanctions, and has created or assisted like-minded", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770bb": " economic sanctions, and has created or assisted like-minded", "57300ec0947a6a140053d004": "Afghan Arabs\" was marginal, an estimated 16,000 to 35,", "57300ec0947a6a140053d005": "Afghan Arabs\" was marginal, an estimated 16,000 to 35", "57300ec0947a6a140053d006": "Afghan Arabs\" was marginal, an estimated 16,000 to 35,", "57300ec0947a6a140053d007": " 16,000 to 35", "57300ec0947a6a140053d008": " the Soviet Union deployed its 40th Army into Afghanistan, attempting to suppress an Islamic rebellion against an allied Marxist regime in the Afghan Civil War.", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d1": " Gulf War", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d2": " the Islamist", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d3": " the many Islamist groups", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d4": " Saudi monarchy. Islamists accused the Saudi regime of being a puppet of the west", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d5": " Saudi regime of being a puppet of the west", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d7": " conservative Muslims", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d9": " domestic Islamists who attacked it (bin Laden being a prime example), and increasing aid to Islamic groups", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d8": " conservative Muslims", "573010fab2c2fd14005687da": " conservative Muslims", "573010fab2c2fd14005687db": " conservative Muslims", "573011de04bcaa1900d770f9": " Milestones, a.k", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fa": " Milestones, a.k", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fb": " Milestones, a.k", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fc": " Milestones, a.k", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fd": " Milestones, a.k", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd09": " Egyptian Islamic Jihad organization", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0a": "The path of violence and military struggle was then taken up by the Egyptian Islamic Jihad organization responsible for the assassination of Anwar Sadat", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0b": " Egyptian Islamic Jihad organization", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0c": "The path of violence and military struggle was then taken up by the Egyptian Islamic Jihad organization", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0d": " extremist", "5730131c947a6a140053d052": " Jamaa Islamiya (or al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya), renounced violence in 2003", "5730131c947a6a140053d053": " Jamaa Islamiya (or al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya), renounced violence in 2003", "5730131c947a6a140053d055": " 2003", "5730131c947a6a140053d054": " Jamaa Islamiya (or al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya), renounced violence in 2003", "5730131c947a6a140053d056": " Jamaa Islamiya (or al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya), renounced violence in 2003", "5730208fa23a5019007fcded": " PLO, the 1988 Hamas charter took a more uncompromising stand, calling for the destruction of Israel and the establishment of an Islamic state in Palestine", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdee": " cultural conservatism and antipathy for activities of the secular middle class such as drinking alcohol and going about without hijab", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdef": " secular middle class such as drinking alcohol and going about without hijab", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf1": " cultural conservatism and antipathy for activities of the secular middle class such as drinking alcohol and going about without hijab", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf0": " the First Intifada", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f7": " 542 people in 140 suicide bombing or \"martyrdom operations\".", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f8": " 542", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f9": " 542 people in 140 suicide bombing or \"martyrdom operations\".", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fa": " 542 people in 140 suicide bombing or \"martyrdom operations\".", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fb": " 542 people in 140 suicide bombing or \"martyrdom operations\".", "57302700a23a5019007fce89": "-Turabi.", "57302700a23a5019007fce8a": "-Turabi. His National Islamic Front first", "57302700a23a5019007fce8b": " 1979.", "57302700a23a5019007fce8c": " money from foreign Islamist banking systems", "57302700a23a5019007fce8d": " sympathetic students in the university and military academy", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9d": " The NIF regime also harbored Osama bin Laden", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9e": " The NIF regime also harbored Osama bin Laden for a time (before 9/", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9f": " liberal government before coming to power, but strict application of sharia law", "573027d6a23a5019007fcea0": " The NIF regime also harbored Osama bin Laden", "573027d6a23a5019007fcea1": " The NIF regime also harbored Osama bin Laden", "5730285a04bcaa1900d77270": " Muslim Brotherhood", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726f": "An Islamist movement influenced by Salafism", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726e": " Islamist movement influenced by Salafism", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726d": " FIS", "5730285a04bcaa1900d77271": " FIS", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77287": " mujahdeen founded the Islamic State of Afghanistan. In 1996, a more conservative and anti-democratic Islamist movement known as the Taliban", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77288": " the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan ruled by communist forces collapsed, and democratic Islamist elements of mujahdeen founded the Islamic State of Afghanistan.", "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728a": " mujahdeen founded the Islamic State of Afghanistan. In 1996, a more conservative and anti-democratic Islamist movement known as the Taliban", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77289": " mujahideen's victory against the Soviet Union in the 1980s did not lead to justice and prosperity, due to a vicious and destructive civil war", "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728b": " the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan ruled by communist forces collapsed, and democratic Islamist elements of mujahdeen founded the Islamic State of Afghanistan.", "57302a3aa23a5019007fcecf": " the Deobandi movement", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced0": " madrasahs the Deobandi movement established for impoverished Afghan refugees and supported by governmental and religious groups", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced1": "The Taliban were spawned by the thousands of madrasahs", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced2": " madrasahs", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced3": " Wahhabism", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772af": " revolutionary excess\", and not to strain relations with his American and Persian Gulf state allies. Z", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b0": " revolutionary excess\", and not to strain relations with his American and Persian Gulf state allies. Zia-ul-Ha", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b1": " Jamaat-e-Islami", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b2": " revolutionary excess\", and not to strain relations with his American and Persian Gulf state allies. Zia-ul-Ha", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b3": " revolutionary excess\", and not to strain relations with his American and Persian Gulf state allies. Zia-ul-Haq was killed in 1988", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689db": " \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq\", (and called the acronym Daesh", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dc": " \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq\", (and called the acronym Daesh", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689de": " \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq\", (and called the acronym Daesh", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689df": " \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq\", (and called the acronym Daesh", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dd": " \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq\", (and called the acronym Daesh", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d7": " the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad in 1999", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d8": " the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad in 1999", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772da": " the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad in 1999", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d9": " the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad in 1999", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772db": " the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad in 1999", "57302e45947a6a140053d22e": " the party takes a different view of Muslim history than some other Islamists", "57302e45947a6a140053d22f": " 1924", "57302e45947a6a140053d230": " the party takes a different view of Muslim history than some other Islamists", "57302e45947a6a140053d231": " the party takes a different view of Muslim history than some other Islamists", "57302e45947a6a140053d232": " the party takes a different view of Muslim history than some other Islamists", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f5": "ological struggle\" to change Muslim public opinion, and in particular through elites who will \"facilitate\" a \"change of the government,\" i.", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f6": "ological struggle\" to change Muslim public opinion, and in particular through elites who will \"facilitate\" a \"change of the government,\" i.", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f7": "ological struggle\" to change Muslim public opinion, and in particular through elites who will \"facilitate\" a \"change of the government,\" i.", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f8": "ological struggle\" to change Muslim public opinion, and in particular through elites who will \"facilitate\" a \"change of the government,\" i.", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f9": "ological struggle\" to change Muslim public opinion, and in particular through elites who will \"facilitate\" a \"change of the government,\" i.", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77311": "Greater London has over", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77312": " 900", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77313": " British policy of allowing them free rein, heightened by expos\u00e9s such as the 2007 Channel 4 documentary programme Undercover Mosque", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77314": " Londonistan", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77315": " the imam of the Finsbury Park Mosque, was arrested and charged with incitement to terrorism", "57303048947a6a140053d254": " Christian Whiton", "57303048947a6a140053d255": " Christian Whiton", "57303048947a6a140053d256": " Christian Whiton", "57303048947a6a140053d257": " Christian Whiton", "57303048947a6a140053d258": " Christian Whiton", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c6": " The term imperialism has been applied to Western (and Japanese) political and economic dominance especially in Asia and Africa in the 19th and 20", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c7": " The term imperialism has been applied to Western (and Japanese) political and economic dominance especially in Asia and Africa in the 19th and 20th centuries.", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c9": " The term imperialism has been applied to Western (and Japanese) political and economic dominance especially in Asia and Africa in the 19th and 20th centuries.", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4ca": " The term imperialism has been applied to Western (and Japanese) political and economic dominance especially in Asia and Africa in the 19th and 20th centuries.", "573062662461fd1900a9cdf7": "al\" or \"informal\" imperialisms. \"Formal imperialism\" is defined as \"physical control or full-fledged colonial rule\".", "573062662461fd1900a9cdf8": "al\" or \"informal\" imperialisms. \"Formal imperialism\" is defined as \"physical control or full-fledged colonial rule\".", "573062662461fd1900a9cdfa": " various forms of \"othering\" (see other) based on racial, religious, or cultural stereotypes.", "573062662461fd1900a9cdfb": " powerful form of dominance", "57306797396df919000960ee": " the first meaning physical control or \"full-fledged colonial rule\" while the second implied less direct rule though still containing perceivable kinds of dominance.", "57306797396df919000960ef": "The definition of imperialism has not been finalized for centuries and was confusedly seen to represent the policies of major powers", "57306797396df919000960f0": " the definition of imperialism", "57306797396df919000960f2": " the first meaning physical control or \"full-fledged colonial rule\" while the second implied less direct rule though still containing perceivable kinds of dominance.", "57306797396df919000960f1": " the first meaning physical control or \"full-fledged colonial rule\" while the second implied less direct rule though still containing perceivable kinds of dominance.", "573081c2069b531400832133": " Geo-politics", "573081c2069b531400832134": " Geo-politics have led to increased discussion of the meaning and impact of imperialism", "573081c2069b531400832135": " Geo-politics", "573081c2069b531400832136": " Geo-politics have led to increased discussion of the meaning and impact of imperialism", "573081c2069b531400832137": " Geo-politics have led to increased discussion of the meaning and impact of imperialism", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6d": " Said", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6e": " Said", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6f": " the development for settlement or commercial intentions", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce70": " Said", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce71": " Colonialism in modern usage also tends to imply a degree of geographic separation between the colony and the imperial power. Particularly, Edward Said", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54c": " colonial possessions in an area by a population coming from a foreign region.", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54d": " the architect deciding how to start dominating areas and then imperialism can be seen as creating the idea behind conquest", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54e": " Colonialism is seen to be the architect deciding how to start dominating areas and then imperialism can be seen as creating the idea behind conquest", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c550": " the architect deciding how to start dominating areas and then imperialism can be seen as creating the idea behind conquest", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54f": " Colonialism is seen to be the architect deciding how to start dominating areas and then imperialism can be seen as creating the idea behind conquest", "5730876a396df9190009617a": "Social Darwinism\" and a theory of races formed a supposedly rational justification for imperialism", "5730876a396df9190009617c": "Social Darwinism\" and a theory of races formed a supposedly rational justification for imperialism", "5730876a396df9190009617b": "Social Darwinism\" and a theory of races formed a supposedly rational justification for imperialism", "5730876a396df9190009617d": " rational justification for imperialism", "5730876a396df9190009617e": "Social Darwinism\" and a theory of races formed a supposedly rational justification for imperialism", "573088da069b53140083216b": "Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism", "573088da069b53140083216c": "Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism", "573088da069b53140083216d": "Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism", "573088da069b53140083216e": "Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism", "573088da069b53140083216f": "Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c576": " environmental determinism also suggested that tropical environments created uncivilized people in need of European guidance. For instance, American geographer Ellen Churchill", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c577": "ographical theories such as environmental determinism", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c578": " environmental determinism also suggested that tropical environments created uncivilized people in need of European guidance. For instance, American geographer Ellen Churchill", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c579": " environmental determinism also suggested that tropical environments created uncivilized people in need of European guidance. For instance, American geographer Ellen Churchill", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c57a": " environmental determinism also suggested that tropical environments created uncivilized people in need of European guidance. For instance, American geographer Ellen Churchill", "57308ddc396df919000961a5": " Terra nullius", "57308ddc396df919000961a7": " Terra nullius", "57308ddc396df919000961a4": " the concept of Terra nullius", "57308ddc396df919000961a6": " Terra nullius", "57308ddc396df919000961a8": " the concept of Terra nullius", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c580": " The discourse of Orientalism", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c581": " The discourse of Orientalism", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c582": " The discourse of Orientalism", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c583": " The discourse of Orientalism", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c584": " The discourse of Orientalism", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58a": " unknown or unexplored territory", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58b": " Bassett", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58c": " unknown or unexplored territory", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58d": "ographic techniques, he highlights the use of blank space to denote unknown or unexplored territory", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58e": " Bassett", "573092088ab72b1400f9c595": " The Americas during the pre-Columbian era also had large empires such as the Aztec Empire and the Incan Empire.", "573092088ab72b1400f9c594": " The Americas during the pre-Columbian era also had large empires such as the Aztec Empire and the Incan Empire.", "573092088ab72b1400f9c597": " The Americas during the pre-Columbian era also had large empires such as the Aztec Empire and the Incan Empire.", "573092088ab72b1400f9c598": " The Americas during the pre-Columbian era also had large empires such as the Aztec Empire and the Incan Empire.", "573092088ab72b1400f9c596": " The Americas during the pre-Columbian era also had large empires such as the Aztec Empire and the Incan Empire.", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5ae": " soft power is not lost on authoritarian regimes", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5af": " soft power is not lost on authoritarian regimes", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b0": " soft power is not lost on authoritarian regimes, fighting such influence with bans on foreign popular culture, control of the internet and unauthorised satellite dishes", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b1": " recent, as part of Roman imperialism", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b2": " soft power is not lost on authoritarian regimes, fighting such influence with bans on foreign popular culture, control of the internet and unauthorised satellite dishes", "57309446396df919000961b8": " imperialist practices have existed for thousands of years, the term \"Age of Imperialism\" generally refers to the activities of European powers", "57309446396df919000961b9": "The Age of Imperialism", "57309446396df919000961ba": " imperialist practices have existed for thousands of years, the term \"Age of Imperialism\" generally refers to the activities of European powers", "57309446396df919000961bb": " imperialist practices have existed for thousands of years, the term \"Age of Imperialism\" generally refers to the activities of European powers", "57309446396df919000961bc": " imperialist practices have existed for thousands of years, the term \"Age of Imperialism\" generally refers to the activities of European powers", "57309564069b5314008321a5": " the world's economy grew significantly and became much more interconnected in the decades before World", "57309564069b5314008321a6": " The bulk of British emigration, trade, and capital went to areas outside the formal British Empire.", "57309564069b5314008321a7": " the world's economy grew significantly and became much more interconnected in the decades before World", "57309564069b5314008321a8": " The bulk of British emigration, trade, and capital went to areas outside the formal British Empire.", "57309564069b5314008321a9": " the world's economy grew significantly and became much more interconnected in the decades before World", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d2": " economic growth by collecting resources from colonies, in combination with assuming political control by military and political means.", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d4": " economic growth by collecting resources from colonies, in combination with assuming political control by military and political means.", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d3": " economic growth by collecting resources from colonies, in combination with assuming political control by military and political means.", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d5": " economic growth by collecting resources from colonies, in combination with assuming political control by military and political means.", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dc": " European armies an advantage over their opponents, as armies in less-developed countries were still fighting with arrows, swords, and leather shields (e.", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dd": " European chemists made deadly explosives", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5de": " European armies an advantage over their opponents, as armies in less-developed countries were still fighting with arrows, swords, and leather shields (e.", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5df": " Southern Africa during the Anglo-Z", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5e0": " European armies an advantage over their opponents, as armies in less-developed countries were still fighting with arrows, swords, and leather shields (e.", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e6": " Liberal John A. Hobson", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e7": " Liberal John A. Hobson and Marxist Vladimir Lenin", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e8": " Liberal John A. Hobson", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e9": " Liberal John A. Hobson and Marxist Vladimir Lenin added a more theoretical macroeconomic connotation to the term. Lenin", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c600": "The correlation between capitalism, aristocracy, and imperialism has long been debated among historians and political theorists.", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c602": "'s impact on Europe, as well as contributed to reflections on the rise of the military-political complex", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c601": " social reforms could cure the international disease of imperialism", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c603": " social reforms could cure the international disease of imperialism", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c604": " social reforms could cure the international disease of imperialism", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60a": "The concept environmental determinism served as a moral justification for domination of certain territories and peoples.", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60b": " environmental determinism", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60c": "The concept environmental determinism served as a moral justification for domination of certain territories and peoples.", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60d": "The concept environmental determinism served as a moral justification for domination of certain territories and peoples.", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60e": " environmental determinism", "5730a314069b5314008321eb": " geographic scholars under colonizing empires, the world could be split into climatic zones. These scholars", "5730a314069b5314008321ec": " geographic scholars under colonizing empires, the world could be split into climatic zones. These scholars", "5730a314069b5314008321ed": "entalism", "5730a314069b5314008321ee": "entalism is a view of a people based on their geographical location.", "5730a314069b5314008321ef": "entalism is a view of a people based on their geographical location.", "5730a40f396df91900096234": " sixteenth century. In 1599 the British East India Company", "5730a40f396df91900096235": " the British were able to maintain strength relative to others empires such as the Portuguese", "5730a40f396df91900096236": " sixteenth century. In 1599 the British East India Company was established and was chart", "5730a40f396df91900096237": " the British were able to maintain strength relative to others empires such as the Portuguese", "5730a40f396df91900096238": " the British were able to maintain strength relative to others empires such as the Portuguese", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf29": " 1850", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2a": " 1850", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2d": " 1850", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2b": " 1850", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2c": " 1850", "5730a951069b531400832213": "The higher races have a right over the lower races, they have a duty to civilize the inferior\".", "5730a951069b531400832214": "ising mission: \"The higher races have a right over the lower races, they have a duty to civilize the inferior\".", "5730a951069b531400832215": " French", "5730a951069b531400832216": " French", "5730a951069b531400832217": "The higher races have a right over the lower races, they have a duty to civilize the inferior\".", "5730aa52069b53140083221d": " 1960", "5730aa52069b53140083221e": " 1960", "5730aa52069b53140083221f": " 1960", "5730aa52069b531400832220": " 1960", "5730aa52069b531400832221": " 1960", "5730ab63396df91900096260": " amorphous area of central Europe.", "5730ab63396df91900096263": " amorphous area of central Europe", "5730ab63396df91900096261": " their original homelands", "5730ab63396df91900096262": " amorphous area of central Europe", "5730ab63396df91900096264": " homelands", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf73": " maritime power, and not a nation-state", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf74": " maritime power", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf75": " Concert of Europe. After Prussia unified the other states", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf77": " maritime power, and not a nation-state", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf76": " Concert of Europe. After Prussia unified the other states", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c682": " the South Pacific, before losing interest in imperialism", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c683": " the South Pacific, before losing interest in imperialism", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c685": " the South Pacific, before losing interest in imperialism", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c684": " the South Pacific, before losing interest in imperialism", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c686": " the South Pacific, before losing interest in imperialism", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa4": " Thai/Japanese alliance. Its colonial ambitions were ended by the victory of the United States in the Second World", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa3": " Thai/Japanese alliance. Its colonial ambitions were ended by the victory of the United States in the Second World", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa6": " Thai/Japanese alliance. Its colonial ambitions were ended by the victory of the United States in the Second World", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa5": " Thai/Japanese alliance. Its colonial ambitions were ended by the victory of the United States in the Second World", "5730b255396df919000962b0": " 1921", "5730b255396df919000962b1": " 1921", "5730b255396df919000962b2": " the policy of \"Indigenization\" [korenizatsiia]", "5730b255396df919000962b3": " 1921", "5730b255396df919000962b4": " 1921", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc5": " Americans during the Cold War.", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc6": " the Soviet Union was a hybrid entity containing elements common to both multinational empires and nation states.", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc9": " the Soviet Union was a hybrid entity containing elements common to both multinational empires and nation states.", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc8": " the Soviet Union was a hybrid entity containing elements common to both multinational empires and nation states.", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc7": "American relations starting a new wave of anti-imperialist propaganda", "5730b541396df919000962c2": " the Caribbean, and India.", "5730b541396df919000962c3": " the Caribbean, and India.", "5730b541396df919000962c5": "The First British Empire was based on mercantilism, and involved colonies and holdings primarily in North America, the Caribbean, and India.", "5730b541396df919000962c4": "The First British Empire was based on mercantilism, and involved colonies and holdings primarily in North America, the Caribbean, and India.", "5730b541396df919000962c6": " the Caribbean, and India.", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfcf": " the Scramble for Africa and major additions in Asia and the Middle East. The British spirit of imperialism was expressed by Joseph Chamberlain and Lord Rosebury", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd0": " Chamberlain and Lord Rosebury, and implemented in Africa by Cecil Rhodes. The pseudo-sciences of Social Darwinism and theories of race", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd2": " the Scramble for Africa and major additions in Asia and the Middle East. The British spirit of imperialism was expressed by Joseph Chamberlain", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd1": " the Scramble for Africa and major additions in Asia and the Middle East. The British spirit of imperialism was expressed by Joseph Chamberlain and Lord Rosebury", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c3": " Monroe Doctrine. However, beginning in the late 19th and early 20", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c4": " military force, but were more often affected from behind the scenes. This is consistent with the general notion of hegemony and imperium", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c6": " Monroe Doctrine. However, beginning in the late 19th and early 20", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c5": " the Philippines and Cuba", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c7": "ley Butler", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c704": " 1917", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c705": " geographical order. As a result of his role in the inquiry, Is", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c706": " 1917, he was appointed to then President Woodrow Wilson's inquiry in 1917", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c707": " geographical order. As a result of his role in the inquiry", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c708": " geographical order. As a result of his role in the inquiry, Is", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d011": ". imperialism", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d012": " its indigenous peoples during westward expansion", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d013": " the form of political and financial hegemony. This internal form of imperialism is also distinct from the United States' formation of \"colonies\" abroad", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d015": ". imperialism", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73c": " an imperial state that lasted from 1299 to 1923", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73d": "The Ottoman Empire was an imperial state that lasted from 1299 to 1923", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73e": " 32 provinces and numerous vassal states", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73f": "The Ottoman Empire was an imperial state that lasted from 1299 to 1923", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c740": "The Ottoman Empire was an imperial state that lasted from 1299 to 1923. During the 16th and 17", "5730bd00069b5314008322d7": " the Ottoman Empire was at the center of interactions between the Eastern and Western worlds for six centuries. Following a long period of military setbacks against European powers", "5730bd00069b5314008322d9": " the imperial ambition of recovering its lost territories, but it dissolved in the aftermath of World War I, leading to the emergence of the new state of Turkey", "5730bd00069b5314008322db": " Balkan and Middle Eastern states", "5730bd00069b5314008322da": " the Ottoman Empire was at the center of interactions between the Eastern and Western worlds for six centuries.", "5730982f396df919000961e2": " 1968", "5730982f396df919000961e3": " Evangelicalism. Founded in 1968", "5730982f396df919000961e4": " 1968", "5730982f396df919000961e5": " 1968", "5730982f396df919000961e6": " theological orientation is decidedly Wesleyan", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee5": " the UMC ranks as the largest mainline Protestant denomination, the largest Protestant church after the Southern Baptist Convention, and the third largest Christian denomination.", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee6": "MC ranks as the largest mainline Protestant denomination, the largest Protestant church after the Southern Baptist Convention, and the third largest Christian denomination.", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee7": " the UMC ranks as the largest mainline Protestant denomination, the largest Protestant church after the Southern Baptist Convention, and the third largest Christian denomination.", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee8": " 12 million: 7.2 million in the United States, and 4.4 million in Africa, Asia and Europe.", "57309921396df919000961f6": " the mid-18th century", "57309921396df919000961f7": " the mid-18th century", "57309921396df919000961f8": " individual societies or classes", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef7": " Anglican churches of their day, their teaching emphasized salvation by God's grace", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef8": " Anglican churches of their day, their teaching emphasized salvation by God's grace", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef9": " Anglican churches of their day, their teaching emphasized salvation by God's grace", "573099f42461fd1900a9cefa": " Anglican churches of their day, their teaching emphasized salvation by God's grace", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9ceff": " Anglican Church.", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf00": " Anglican Church.", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf01": " Anglican Church.", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf02": " Anglican Church.", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf03": " Anglican Church.", "57309adb396df919000961fc": " The congregation was", "57309adb396df919000961fd": " Anglican Church", "57309adb396df919000961fe": " The congregation was founded in 1767", "57309adb396df919000961ff": " The congregation was founded in 1767, meeting initially in a sail loft", "57309adb396df91900096200": " Anglican Church", "57309cd6069b5314008321c3": " Episcopal priest", "57309cd6069b5314008321c4": " Episcopal priest", "57309cd6069b5314008321c5": " 1784", "57309d31396df91900096210": " 1844, the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences because of tensions over slavery and the power of bishops in the denomination.", "57309d31396df91900096211": " 1844, the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences because of tensions over slavery and the power of bishops in the denomination.", "57309d31396df91900096212": " 1844, the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences", "57309d31396df91900096213": " 1844, the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences", "5730a97a396df9190009625a": " the Evangelical United Brethren Church (represented by Bishop Reuben H. Mueller", "5730a97a396df9190009625b": " \"Lord of the Church, we are united in Thee, in Thy Church and now in The United Methodist Church\"", "5730a97a396df9190009625c": " the new denomination was given birth by the two churches that had distinguished histories and influential ministries in various parts", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6d": " holy catholic (or universal) church and it recognizes the historic ecumenical", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6e": " The Book of Discipline also recognizes the importance of the Chalcedonian Creed of the Council of Chalcedon", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6f": " The Book of Discipline also recognizes the importance of the Chalcedonian Creed of the Council of Chalcedon.", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64e": " 1784 to break with standard practice and ord", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c650": " 1784 to break with standard practice and ordain two of his lay preachers as presby", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64f": " 1784 to break with standard practice and ordain two of his lay preachers as presby", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c655": " The United Methodist Church in 1968, theologian Albert C. Outler", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c654": " mainline Protestant", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c656": " mainline Protestant traditions.", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c657": " denominational doctrine. Outler's work proved pivotal in the work of union, and he is largely considered the first United Methodist theolog", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c670": " present work of God to turn us from our sin-corrupted human will to the loving will of the Father.", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c672": " grace", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c671": " present work of God to turn us from our sin-corrupted human will to the loving will of the Father.", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c673": " present work of God to turn us from our sin-corrupted human will to the loving will of the Father.", "5730aeba069b531400832241": " conversion, \"accepting Jesus as your personal Lord and Savior,\" or being \"born again\". John Wesley originally called this experience the New Birth.", "5730aeba069b531400832242": " conversion, \"accepting Jesus as your personal Lord and Savior,\" or being \"born again\". John Wesley originally called this experience the New Birth.", "5730aeba069b531400832243": " conversion", "5730aeba069b531400832244": " Grace or Accepting Grace", "5730aeba069b531400832245": " transforming moment, such as an altar call experience, or it may involve a series of decisions across a period of time.", "5730afed069b53140083225f": "Sanctifying Grace is that grace of God", "5730afed069b531400832260": "Sanctifying Grace is that grace of God", "5730afed069b531400832261": " the English Reformer parted company with both Luther and Calvin", "5730afed069b531400832262": "Sanctifying Grace", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c696": " laity within the UMC that hold differing viewpoints on such theological matters.", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c697": " sacred tradition, reason, and experience to interpret it, with the aid of the Holy Spirit (see Wesleyan Quadrilateral", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c698": " the UMC", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c699": " the UMC", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69f": " Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice...[and] 2008 General Conference [went] on record in support of the work of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69e": " the denomination is pro-choice", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c6a0": " Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6ae": " Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice's governing coalition, The General Board of Church and Society", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6af": " Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice's governing coalition, The General Board of Church and Society, and the United Methodist Women.", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6b0": "The church also holds that they \"are equally bound to respect the sacredness of the life and well-", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfad": " Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice at their General Conference", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfae": " Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice at their General Conference", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfaf": " Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice at their General Conference", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb3": "ance movement", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb6": "ance movement", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb4": " the Methodist Church has supported the temperance movement", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb5": "ance movement", "5730b54c069b53140083228d": " The United Methodist Church also believes that Jesus explicitly repudiated the lex talionis in Matthew 5:", "5730b54c069b53140083228e": " The United Methodist Church also believes that Jesus explicitly repudiated the lex talionis in Matthew 5:", "5730b54c069b53140083228f": " The United Methodist Church also believes that Jesus explicitly repud", "5730b54c069b531400832290": " The United Methodist Church also believes that Jesus explicitly repudiated the lex talionis in Matthew 5:", "5730b5cc396df919000962d2": " Creech was defrock", "5730b5cc396df919000962d3": " the United Methodist Church prohibits the celebration of same-sex unions. Rev. Jimmy Creech was defrocked after a highly publicized church trial in 1999", "5730b5cc396df919000962d4": " the United Methodist Church prohibits the celebration of same-sex unions. Rev. Jimmy Creech was defrock", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd7": " localized option, which would permit ministers to offic", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd8": " the LGBT community within the UMC", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd9": " LGBT community within the UMC", "5730b776069b5314008322bd": " 1987, a United Methodist church court in New Hampshire defrocked Methodist minister Rose Mary Denman for openly living with a same-", "5730b776069b5314008322be": " 1987, a United Methodist church court in New Hampshire defrock", "5730b776069b5314008322bf": " Baltimore-Washington Conference of the UMC has approved the appointment of an openly partnered lesbian to the provisional di", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cff9": " the United Methodist Church also supports and extends its ministry to those persons who conscientiously choose to serve in the armed forces or to accept alternative service.", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffa": " The church also states that \"as Christians they are aware that neither the way", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffb": " the Church supports and extends its ministry to those persons who conscient", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70e": " the Church rejects war", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70f": " the Church rejects war as an instrument of national foreign policy", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c710": " the Church rejects war", "5730bdfe396df9190009630e": " Sexual Ethics Task Force", "5730bdfe396df9190009630f": " Sexual Ethics Task Force", "5730bdfe396df91900096310": " Sexual Ethics Task Force", "5730bf03069b5314008322eb": "The UMC supports federal funding for research on embryos created", "5730bf03069b5314008322ed": " adult stem cells", "5730bf03069b5314008322ec": " The UMC stands in \"opposition to the creation of embryos for the sake", "5730c059069b531400832305": " the Methodists in America were separated from the Church of England, John Wesley himself provided a revised version of The Book of Common Prayer called the Sunday Service", "5730c059069b531400832306": " the Methodists in America were separated from the Church of England, John Wesley himself provided a revised version of The Book of Common Prayer called the Sunday Service", "5730c059069b531400832307": " solid, scriptural, rational piety, than the Common Prayer of the Church of England.\" When the Methodists in America", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc46": " The United Methodist Church has official liturgies", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc47": " Anglican tradition's Book of Common Prayer. In most cases, congregations", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc48": " Anglican tradition's Book of Common Prayer.", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4c": " exemplary saints include martyrs, confessors of the Faith, evangelists, or important biblical figures such as Saint Matthew, Lutheran theolog", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4d": "ist institutions may be named after a biblical figure (e.", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4e": "ist", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc52": " The United Methodist Church as this authority is reserved solely for the General Conference in accordance with the Book of Discipline.", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc54": " The United Methodist Church", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc55": " The Book of Discipline which is revised after each General Conference. Non-legislative resolutions are recorded in the Book of Resolutions", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc53": " The United Methodist Church", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc56": " The United Methodist Church", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa7": " five jurisdictions: Northeastern, Southeastern, North Central, South Central and Western.", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa8": " church is divided into seven central conferences: Africa, Congo, West Africa, Central & Southern Europe, Germany, Northern Europe and the Philippines.", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa9": " Northeastern, Southeastern, North Central, South Central and Western.", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aaa": " the church is divided into seven central conferences: Africa, Congo, West Africa, Central & Southern Europe, Germany, Northern Europe and the Philippines.", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aab": " the church is divided into seven central conferences: Africa, Congo, West Africa, Central & Southern Europe, Germany, Northern Europe and the Philippines.", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449c": " Mission Council (usually consisting of church bishops).", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449d": " four-year meetings are made by the Mission Council (usually consisting of church bishops).", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449e": " the church bishops have criticized. A debate over whether the decision should or could be submitted for approval by the Southern Jurisd", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449f": " the church bishops have criticized. A debate over whether the decision should or could be submitted for approval by the Southern Jur", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e244a0": " four-year meetings are made by the Mission Council (usually consisting of church bishops).", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac2": " laity and clergy, elected by the General Conference for an eight-year term. The ratio of laity to clergy alternates every eight years.", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac1": " the highest court in the denomination. It consists of nine", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac3": " laity and clergy, elected by the General Conference for an eight-year term.", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac4": " laity and clergy, elected by the General Conference for an eight-year term. The ratio of laity to clergy alternates every eight years.", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac5": " laity and clergy, elected by the General Conference for an eight-year term. The ratio of laity to clergy alternates every eight years.", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154a": "ergy are members of their Annual Conference rather than of any local congregation", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154b": "ergy are members of their Annual Conference rather than of any local congregation", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154c": "ergy are members of their Annual Conference rather than of any local congregation", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c2": " UM churches must have a board of trustees with at least three", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c3": " UM churches must have a board of trustees", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c4": " UM churches must have a board of trustees with at least three", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c5": " UM churches must have a board of trustees", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c6": " UM churches must have a board of trustees with at least three", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc66": "-related Schools, Colleges, and Universities.", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc67": "-related Schools, Colleges, and Universities.", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc68": "-related Schools, Colleges, and Universities.", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc94": " Elders. Likewise each deacon in full connection is a member of their Annual Conference Order of Deacons", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc95": " Elders. Likewise each deacon in full connection is a member of their Annual Conference Order of Deacons", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc96": " Annual Conference Order of Elders", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc97": " Elders", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af5": " tenures in extension ministries", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af6": "All clergy appointments are made", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af7": "All clergy appointments are made and fixed annually by the resident bishop", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155a": " valid extension ministries", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155b": " District Superintendents", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155c": " District Superintendents, and they are eligible for election to the episcopacy", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155d": " District Superintendents", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b03": " 2\u20133 years as provisional deacons", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b04": "Deacons", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b05": "acons are called by God, affirmed by the church, and ordained by a bishop to servant leadership within the church.", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b06": "Deacons", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d6": "acon", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d7": " the provisional elder is granted sacramental ministry in their local appointment.", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d8": " The provisional elder/deacon is a seminary graduate who serves a two-three-year term in a full-time appointment after being commissioned.", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01562": "Licensed Local Pastor'", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01563": "Licensed Local Pastor'", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01564": "Licensed Local Pastor'", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01565": "Licensed Local Pastor'", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dc": " Professing Members through confirmation and sometimes the profession of faith", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dd": " the profession of faith", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244de": " the profession of faith", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fc": " The Book of Discipline of the United Methodist Church directs the local church to offer membership preparation or confirmation classes to all people, including adults.", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fd": " The Book of Discipline of the United Methodist Church directs the local church to offer membership preparation or confirmation classes to all people, including adults.", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fe": " The Book of Discipline normally allows any youth at least completing sixth grade to participate, although the pastor has discretionary authority to allow a younger person to participate.", "5730de74f6cb411900e244ff": " The Book of Discipline of the United Methodist Church directs the local church to offer membership preparation or confirmation classes to all people, including adults.", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b61": " district or conference projects", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b62": " district or conference projects", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b63": " district or conference projects", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b64": " district or conference projects", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b73": " The United Methodist Church who feel that false ecumenism might result in the \"blurring of theological and confessional differences in the interests of unity.\"", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b74": " The United Methodist Church who feel that false ecumenism", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b75": " The United Methodist Church who feel that false ec", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce4": " 2000", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce5": " The United Methodist Church entered into full communion with the African Methodist Episcopal Church", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce6": " 1985", "5730eb5b497a881900248a3f": " 11 million members in nearly 42,000 congregations. In 1975, membership dropped below 10 million", "5730eb5b497a881900248a40": " Texas has the largest number of members, with about 1 million.", "5730eb5b497a881900248a41": " Texas has the largest number of members, with about 1 million.", "5730eb5b497a881900248a42": " Texas has the largest number of members, with about 1 million.", "5730eb5b497a881900248a43": " The states with the highest membership rates are Oklahoma, Iowa, Mississippi, West Virginia, and North Carolina.", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae5": " 11.4 million", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae6": " 11.4 million", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae7": " 11.4 million", "5730ec85e6313a140071caba": " Wesleyan Holiness Consortium, which seeks to reconceive and promote Biblical holiness in today's Church. It is also active in the World Methodist Council", "5730ec85e6313a140071cabb": "The UMC is also a member of the Wesleyan Holiness Consortium", "5730ec85e6313a140071cabc": " Wesleyan Holiness Consortium, which seeks to reconceive and promote Biblical holiness in today's Church. It is also active in the World Methodist Council", "5733cf61d058e614000b62e9": " the French North American colonies had a population of roughly", "5733cf61d058e614000b62ea": " the French North American colonies had a population of roughly", "5733cf61d058e614000b62eb": " 60,000", "5733cf61d058e614000b62ec": " 60,000", "5733cff84776f419006612b4": " 1754, during which Virginia militiamen under the command of 22-year-", "5733cff84776f419006612b5": " 1754, during which Virginia militiamen under the command of 22-year-", "5733cff84776f419006612b6": " 1754, during which Virginia militiamen under the command of 22-year-", "5733d13e4776f419006612c4": " 1755, six colonial governors in North America met with General Edward Br", "5733d13e4776f419006612c5": " the main effort by Br", "5733d13e4776f419006612c6": " the frontier areas of Pennsylvania and New York all failed, due to a combination of poor management, internal divisions, and effective Canadian scouts", "5733d13e4776f419006612c7": " the British captured Fort Beaus\u00e9jour", "5733d13e4776f419006612c8": " Indian warrior allies", "5733d249d058e614000b6331": " the British military launched a campaign to capture the Colony of Canada", "5733d249d058e614000b6332": " the British military launched a campaign to capture the Colony of Canada", "5733d249d058e614000b6333": " the British military launched a campaign to capture the Colony of Canada", "5733d249d058e614000b6334": " the British were later defeated at Sainte Foy", "5733d2dbd058e614000b6339": "The outcome was one of the most significant developments in a century of Anglo-French conflict.", "5733d2dbd058e614000b633a": "The", "5733d2dbd058e614000b633b": " the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquel", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ea": " the traditional name or sometimes the Seven Years' War.", "5733d3cb4776f419006612eb": " the traditional name or sometimes the Seven Years' War.", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ec": " Seven Years' War. Other, less frequently used names for the war include the Fourth Intercolonial War and the Great War for the Empire.", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ed": " Seven Years' War.", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6353": " 1756 to the signing of the peace treaty in 1763. These dates do not correspond with the fighting on mainland North America", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6354": " 1756 to the signing of the peace treaty in 1763. These dates do not correspond with the fighting on mainland North America", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6355": " 1756 to the signing of the peace treaty in 1763. These dates do not correspond with the fighting on mainland North America", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6356": " 1763. These dates do not correspond with the fighting on mainland North America", "5733d5704776f4190066130e": " French fur traders and trappers", "5733d5704776f4190066130f": " 75,000", "5733d5704776f41900661310": " 75,000", "5733d68ed058e614000b637f": "5", "5733d68ed058e614000b6380": " 1.5 million", "5733d68ed058e614000b6381": " 1.5", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ab": "quois Confederation dominated much of present-", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ac": "quois Confederation dominated much of present-", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ad": " The Iroquois Confederation dominated much of present-day Upstate New York and the Ohio Country", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ae": "quois Confederation dominated much of present-", "5733da01d058e614000b63f9": "quoian-speaking Cherokee tribes.", "5733da01d058e614000b63fa": "quoian-speaking Cherokee tribes.", "5733da01d058e614000b63fb": "quoian-speaking Cherokee tribes.", "5733dab4d058e614000b6409": " French regular army", "5733dab4d058e614000b640a": " French regular army", "5733dab4d058e614000b640b": " French regular army", "5733db8dd058e614000b6428": " French claim to the Ohio Country. Whenever he encountered British merchants or fur-traders, C\u00e9lor", "5733db8dd058e614000b6429": " French claim to the Ohio Country. Whenever he encountered British merchants or fur-traders, C\u00e9", "5733db8dd058e614000b642a": " French claim to the Ohio Country. Whenever he encountered British merchants or fur-traders, C\u00e9lor", "5733dc95d058e614000b644a": " French. C\u00e9", "5733dc95d058e614000b644b": " Miami chief known as \"Old Briton\". C\u00e9", "5733dc95d058e614000b644c": " French. C\u00e9", "5733dc95d058e614000b644d": " French. C\u00e9", "5733dd4f4776f419006613aa": " French", "5733dd4f4776f419006613ab": " French", "5733dd4f4776f419006613ac": " French, and are entirely devoted to the English. I don't know in what way they could be brought back.\" Even before his return to Montreal", "5733e5a14776f4190066145b": " the British government gave land to the Ohio Company", "5733e5a14776f4190066145c": " the British government gave land to the Ohio Company", "5733e5a14776f4190066145d": " Christopher Gist, acting on behalf of both Virginia and the company, explored the Ohio territory", "5733e5a14776f4190066145e": " Indian tribes at Logstown", "5733e5a14776f4190066145f": " the British government gave land to the Ohio Company", "5733e771d058e614000b6545": " The treaty was primarily focused on resolving issues in Europe. The issues of conflicting territorial claims between British and French colonies in North America were", "5733e771d058e614000b6546": "The War of the Austrian Success", "5733e771d058e614000b6547": " 1748 with the signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chap", "5733e771d058e614000b6548": " The issues of conflicting territorial claims between British and French colonies in North America were", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a6": " the Governor-General of New France, Marquis de la Jonqui", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a7": " Duquesne, did not arrive in New France", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a8": " Duquesne, did not arrive in New France", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a9": " the Governor-General of New France, Marquis de la Jonqui\u00e8re, died and was temporarily", "5733ea04d058e614000b6594": "quois. Tanaghrisson", "5733ea04d058e614000b6595": " French claims to the burial of lead plates, Marin constructed and garrisoned forts", "5733ea04d058e614000b6596": "quois. Tanaghrisson", "5733ea04d058e614000b6597": "quois. Tanaghrisson", "5733ea04d058e614000b6598": "quois. Tanaghrisson", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cc": "quois sent runners to the manor of William Johnson", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cd": "The Iroquois sent runners to the manor of William Johnson", "5733eb34d058e614000b65ce": "The Iroquois sent runners to the manor of William Johnson", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cf": "quois sent runners to the manor of William Johnson", "5733ef47d058e614000b662b": " French held their claim. To counter the French military presence in Ohio, in October 1753 Dinw", "5733ef47d058e614000b662c": " Company", "5733ef47d058e614000b662d": " Company, which stood to lose money if the French held their claim. To counter the French military presence in Ohio, in October 1753 Dinw", "5733ef47d058e614000b662e": " Company, which stood to lose money if the French held their claim. To counter the French military presence in Ohio, in October 1753 Dinw", "5733f062d058e614000b6633": "ques Legardeur", "5733f062d058e614000b6634": "ques Legardeur", "5733f062d058e614000b6635": "ques Legardeur", "5733f062d058e614000b6636": "ques Legardeur", "5733f1784776f41900661575": " 40", "5733f1784776f41900661576": " 500 men south from Fort Venango on April 5, 1754. When these forces arrived at the fort on April 16, Contrec\u0153", "5733f1784776f41900661577": " 500 men south from Fort Venango on April 5, 1754. When these forces arrived at the fort on April 16, Contrec\u0153", "5733f309d058e614000b6648": " Duquesne and met with the Mingo leader. Learning of a French scouting party in the area, Washington, with Tanaghr", "5733f309d058e614000b6649": " Duquesne and met with the Mingo leader. Learning of a French scouting party in the area, Washington, with Tanaghr", "5733f309d058e614000b664a": " Duquesne and met with the Mingo leader. Learning of a French scouting party in the area, Washington, with Tanaghr", "5733f410d058e614000b6663": " dislodge the French. They chose Major General Edward Braddock to lead the expedition. Word of the British military plans leaked to France", "5733f410d058e614000b6664": " dislodge the French. They chose Major General Edward Braddock to lead the expedition. Word of the British military plans leaked to France well before Br", "5733f410d058e614000b6665": " the government of the Duke of Newcastle", "5733f410d058e614000b6666": " dislodge the French. They chose Major General Edward Braddock to lead the expedition. Word of the British military plans leaked to France", "5733f5264776f419006615a3": " The plan that the delegates agreed to was never ratified by the colonial legislatures", "5733f5264776f419006615a4": " The plan that the delegates", "5733f5264776f419006615a5": " The plan that the delegates", "5733f5264776f419006615a6": " The plan that the delegates", "5733f5f24776f419006615c1": " Duques", "5733f5f24776f419006615c2": " June", "5733f5f24776f419006615c3": " 1,500 army", "5733f5f24776f419006615c4": " June", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66a9": "The French acquired a copy of the British war plans, including the activities of Shirley and Johnson", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66aa": " Shirley and Johnson", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ab": " French acquired a copy of the British war plans, including the activities of Shirley and Johnson. Shirley's efforts to fortify Oswe", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ac": " Johnson. Shirley's efforts to fortify Oswe", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f7": "Johnson's expedition was better organized than Shirley's, which was noticed by New France", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f8": " France", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f9": " France", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fa": " France", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fb": " France", "5733f9fa4776f4190066161f": " Nova Scotia's Governor Charles Lawrence ordered the deportation of the French-speaking Acadian population from the area. Monck", "5733f9fa4776f41900661620": " Nova Scotia's Governor Charles Lawrence ordered the deportation of the French-speaking Acadian population from the area. Monck", "5733f9fa4776f41900661621": " Nova Scotia's Governor Charles Lawrence ordered the deportation of the French-speaking Acadian population from the area. Monck", "5733faaf4776f4190066162f": " Johnson and New York's Governor Sir Charles Hardy", "5733faaf4776f41900661630": " Johnson and New York's Governor Sir Charles Hardy", "5733faaf4776f41900661631": " Johnson and New York's Governor Sir Charles Hardy", "5733faaf4776f41900661632": " Johnson and New York's Governor Sir Charles Hardy", "5733fb7bd058e614000b66ff": "Newcastle replaced him in January 1756 with Lord Loudoun", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6700": " Loudoun", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6701": " 1756 with Lord Loudoun", "5733fc6ed058e614000b670f": " 1756 before those reinforcements arrived. Scouts had reported the weakness of the British supply chain, so he ordered an attack against the forts", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6710": " 1756 before those reinforcements arrived. Scouts had reported the weakness of the British supply chain, so he ordered an attack against the forts", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6711": "uil", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6712": " 1756 before those reinforcements arrived. Scouts had reported the weakness of the British supply chain, so he ordered an attack against the forts", "5733fd66d058e614000b6735": " not in place until July", "5733fd66d058e614000b6736": " British command was not in place until July", "5733fd66d058e614000b6737": " July", "5733fd66d058e614000b6738": " July", "5733fe73d058e614000b673d": "Loudoun, a capable administrator but a cautious field commander, planned one major operation for 1757: an attack on New France", "5733fe73d058e614000b673e": "Loudoun, a capable administrator but a cautious field commander, planned one major operation for 1757: an attack on New France", "5733fe73d058e614000b673f": "Loudoun, a capable administrator but a cautious field commander, planned one major operation for 1757: an attack on New France", "5733fe73d058e614000b6740": "Loudoun, a capable administrator but a cautious field commander, planned one major operation for 1757: an attack on New France", "5733ffa7d058e614000b674f": "French irregular forces (Canadian scouts and Indians) harassed Fort William Henry", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6750": "French irregular forces (Canadian scouts and Indians) harassed Fort William", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6751": "French irregular forces (Canadian scouts and Indians) harassed Fort William Henry", "57340111d058e614000b677d": " 1758", "57340111d058e614000b677e": " 1758, as the British blockade of the French coastline limited French shipping. The situation in New France was further exacerbated by a poor harvest in 1757", "57340111d058e614000b677f": " 1758", "5734025d4776f419006616c3": " Newcastle", "5734025d4776f419006616c4": " Loudoun. He had been replaced by Abercrombie", "5734025d4776f419006616c5": " Loudoun", "5734025d4776f419006616c6": " Duquesne and Louisbourg", "573403394776f419006616dd": " French victory in the Battle of Car", "573403394776f419006616de": " French victory in the Battle of Carillon", "573403394776f419006616df": " 18,000 regulars, militia and Native American allies outside the fort the French called Carillon and the British called Ticonderoga. Aberc", "573403394776f419006616e0": " French victory in the Battle of Carillon", "57340549d058e614000b67dd": " French results in most theaters of the Seven Years' War in 1758, France's new foreign minister, the duc de Cho", "57340549d058e614000b67de": " Pitt again planned significant campaigns against New France", "57340549d058e614000b67df": " Pitt again planned significant campaigns against New France", "573406d1d058e614000b6801": " 1759, when they finally captured Ticonderoga", "573406d1d058e614000b6802": "British victories continued in all theaters in the Annus Mirabilis", "573406d1d058e614000b6803": "British victories continued in all theaters in the Annus Mirabilis of 1759, when they finally captured Ticonderoga", "573406d1d058e614000b6804": " the Annus Mirabilis", "573407d7d058e614000b6813": " Montreal a capitulation with General Amherst", "573407d7d058e614000b6814": " French soldiers and French regular troops were returned to France aboard British ships with an agreement that they were not to serve again in the present war", "573407d7d058e614000b6815": " Montreal a capitulation with General Amherst", "573408ef4776f41900661757": " 15 February 1763. The British offered France the choice of surrendering either its continental North American possessions east of the Mississippi or the Caribbean islands", "573408ef4776f41900661758": " The British offered France the choice of surrendering either its continental North American possessions east of the Mississippi or the Caribbean islands", "573408ef4776f41900661759": " Guadeloupe and Martinique", "573408ef4776f4190066175a": " 15 February 1763. The British offered France the choice of surrendering either its continental North American possessions east of the Mississippi or the Caribbean islands", "57340a094776f4190066177d": "-speaking Roman Catholic residents. The deportation of Acadians beginning in 1755 resulted in land made available to migrants from Europe and the colonies", "57340a094776f4190066177e": " The British resettled many Acadians throughout its North American provinces, but many went to France, and some went to New Orleans", "57340a094776f4190066177f": " The British resettled many Acadians throughout its North American provinces, but many went to France, and some went to New Orleans", "57340a094776f41900661780": " The British resettled many Acadians throughout its North American provinces, but many went to France, and some went to New Orleans", "57340b1bd058e614000b6869": " religious concerns were raised in the largely Protestant Thirteen Colonies", "57340b1bd058e614000b686a": " religious concerns were raised in the largely Protestant Thirteen Colonies", "57340b1bd058e614000b686b": " religious concerns were raised in the largely Protestant Thirteen Colonies", "57340d124776f419006617c3": " Spanish Catholic population to leave. Most went to Cuba", "57340d124776f419006617c0": " Country was particularly vulnerable to legal and illegal settlement due to the construction of military roads to the area by Braddock and Forbes", "57340d124776f419006617c1": " Spanish Catholic population to leave. Most went to Cuba", "57340d124776f419006617c2": " Spanish Catholic population to leave. Most went to Cuba", "57340d124776f419006617bf": " Spanish Catholic population to leave. Most went to Cuba", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e71": " simple machines, but thinkers such as Aristotle and Archimedes", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e72": " gravitation and inertia", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e73": " gravitation and inertia", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e74": " gravitation and inertia", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e75": " gravitation and inertia", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7b": " gauge bosons are the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed.", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7c": " gauge", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7d": " gauge bosons are the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed.", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7e": " gauge bosons are the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed.", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7f": " gauge bosons are the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed.", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e85": " conceptual trouble accounting for the behavior of projectiles", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e86": " conceptual trouble accounting for the behavior of projectiles", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e87": " conceptual trouble accounting for the behavior of projectiles", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e88": " conceptual trouble accounting for the behavior of projectiles", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e89": " conceptual trouble accounting for the behavior of projectiles", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e8f": " incline to disprove the Aristotelian theory of motion early in the 17th century. He showed that the bodies were accelerated by gravity", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e90": " incline to disprove the Aristotelian theory of motion early in the 17th century. He showed that the bodies were accelerated by gravity", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e91": " incline to disprove the Aristotelian theory of motion early in the 17th century. He showed that the bodies were accelerated by gravity", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e92": " the bodies were accelerated by gravity", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e93": " incline to disprove the Aristotelian theory of motion early in the 17th century. He showed that the bodies were accelerated by gravity", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e99": " Galilean transformation.", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9a": " net force or resultant force. This law is an extension of Galileo's insight that constant velocity was associated with a lack of net force", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9b": " Galilean transformation.", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9c": " Galilean transformation.", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9d": " Galilean transformation", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea3": " curving parabolic path", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea4": "ertia therefore applies equally well to constant velocity motion", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea5": "ertia therefore applies equally well to constant velocity motion", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea6": " curving parabolic path", "573749741c4567190057445d": " gravitating object, were physically equivalent to inertial reference frames. This is why, for example, astronauts experience weightlessness", "573749741c4567190057445e": " gravitating object, were physically equivalent to inertial reference frames. This is why, for example, astronauts experience weightlessness", "573749741c4567190057445f": " gravitating object, were physically equivalent to inertial reference frames. This is why, for example, astronauts experience weightlessness", "573749741c45671900574460": " gravitating object, were physically equivalent to inertial reference frames. This is why, for example, astronauts experience weightlessness when in free-fall orbit", "573749741c45671900574461": " gravitating object, were physically equivalent to inertial reference frames. This is why, for example, astronauts experience weightlessness", "573750f51c45671900574467": " kinematic measurements.", "573750f61c45671900574468": " kinematic measurements.", "573750f61c45671900574469": " coherent theory of quantum gravity", "573750f61c4567190057446a": " mass. General relativity offers an equivalence between space-time and mass, but lacking a coherent theory of quantum gravity", "573750f61c4567190057446b": " direct proportionality of acceleration to force", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eab": " different objects. The third law means that all forces", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eac": " F and \u2212F are equal in magnitude", "5737534ec3c5551400e51ead": " F and \u2212F are equal in magnitude", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eae": " F and \u2212F are equal in magnitude", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb3": " constituent objects only accelerate with respect to each other, the system itself remains unaccelerated", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb4": " constituent objects only accelerate with respect to each other, the system itself remains unaccelerated", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb5": " constituent objects only accelerate with respect to each other, the system itself remains unaccelerated", "573766251c45671900574471": " direct observations and compared to a standard measurement scale. Through experimentation, it is determined that laboratory measurements of forces are fully consistent with the conceptual definition of force", "573766251c45671900574472": " precise operational definitions that are consistent with direct observations and compared to a standard measurement scale. Through experimentation, it is determined that laboratory measurements of forces", "573766251c45671900574473": " direct observations and compared to a standard measurement scale. Through experimentation, it is determined that laboratory measurements of forces are fully consistent with the conceptual definition of force", "573766251c45671900574474": " precise operational definitions that are consistent with direct observations and compared to a standard measurement scale. Through experimentation, it is determined that laboratory measurements of forces", "57376828c3c5551400e51eb9": " force magnitudes or subtracting one from the other. Associating forces with vectors", "57376828c3c5551400e51eba": " force magnitudes or subtracting one from the other. Associating forces with vectors", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebb": " force magnitudes or subtracting one from the other. Associating forces with vectors", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebc": " force magnitudes or subtracting one from the other. Associating forces with vectors", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebd": " force magnitudes or subtracting one from the other. Associating forces with vectors", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec3": " several forces canceled each other out. Such experiments demonstrate the crucial properties that forces are additive vector quantities: they have magnitude and direction.", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec4": " transversal of the parallelogram.", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec5": " magnitudes of the two forces to their sum, depending on the angle between their lines of action.", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec6": " transversal of the parallelogram.", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec7": " transversal of the parallelogram.", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecd": " magnitudes and directions", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ece": " two forces, one pointing north, and one pointing east. Summing these component forces using vector addition yields the original force", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecf": " basis vectors is often a more mathematically clean way to describe forces than using magnitudes and directions", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed0": " basis vectors is often a more mathematically clean way to describe forces than using magnitudes and directions", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed1": " basis vectors is often a more mathematically clean way to describe forces than using magnitudes and directions", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed7": " static friction", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed8": " static friction", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed9": " frictional surface can result in a situation where the object does not move because the applied force is opposed by static friction", "57376df3c3c5551400e51eda": " frictional surface can result in a situation where the object does not move because the applied force is opposed by static friction", "57377083c3c5551400e51edf": " quantitative force laws were discovered: that the force of gravity is proportional to volume", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee0": " static equilibrium", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee1": " vertical spring scale experiences the force of gravity", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee2": " static equilibrium between two forces is the most usual way of measuring forces, using simple devices such as weighing scales and spring balances.", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee3": " quantitative force laws were", "573776eec3c5551400e51ee9": "Dynamic equilibrium was first described by Galileo who noticed that certain assumptions of Aristotelian physics were contradicted by observations and logic. Galileo realized that simple velocity", "573776eec3c5551400e51eea": "Dynamic equilibrium was first described by Galileo who noticed that certain assumptions of Aristotelian physics were contradicted by observations and logic. Galileo realized that simple velocity", "573776eec3c5551400e51eeb": "Dynamic equilibrium was first described by Galileo who noticed that certain assumptions of Aristotelian physics were contradicted by observations and logic. Galileo realized that simple velocity", "573776eec3c5551400e51eec": "Dynamic equilibrium was first described by Galileo who noticed that certain assumptions of Aristotelian physics were contradicted by observations and logic. Galileo realized that simple velocity", "573776eec3c5551400e51eed": "Dynamic equilibrium was first described by Galileo who noticed that certain assumptions of Aristotelian physics were contradicted by observations and logic. Galileo realized that simple velocity", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef3": " kinetic friction force exactly opposes the applied force. This results in zero net force", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef4": " kinetic friction force exactly opposes the applied force. This results in zero net force", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef5": " dynamic equilibrium", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef6": " kinetic friction force exactly opposes the applied force. This results in zero net force", "57377aac1c45671900574479": " the physics is now described by the Schr\u00f6dinger equation", "57377aac1c4567190057447a": " discrete portions. This is, of", "57377aac1c4567190057447b": " discrete portions. This is, of", "57377aac1c4567190057447c": " discrete portions. This is, of", "57377aac1c4567190057447d": " discrete portions. This is, of", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efb": " angular momentum", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efc": " angular momentum", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efd": " angular momentum", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efe": " angular momentum", "57377c98c3c5551400e51eff": " angular momentum", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f05": " Feynman diagrams. In a Feynman diagram, each matter particle is represented as a straight line", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f06": " gauge bosons. With the development of quantum field theory and general relativity, it was realized that force is a redundant concept arising from conservation of momentum", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f07": " Feynman diagram. World lines of particles intersect at interaction vertices, and the Feynman diagram represents any force", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f08": " Feynman diagrams. In a Feynman diagram, each matter particle is represented as a straight line", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f09": " Feynman diagram. World lines", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f0f": " four", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f10": "All of the forces in the universe are based on four", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f11": "All of the forces in the universe are based on four", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f12": " electromagnetic force", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f13": "All of the forces in the universe are based on four", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f19": " gauge bosons. This standard model of particle physics posits a similarity between the forces and led scientists to predict the unification of the weak and electromagnetic", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1a": " gauge bosons", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1b": " gravitation.", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1c": " gauge bosons. This standard model of particle physics posits a similarity between the forces and led scientists to predict the unification of the weak and electromagnetic", "573784fa1c45671900574483": " 9.81", "573784fa1c45671900574484": " 9.81", "573784fa1c45671900574485": " 9.81", "573784fa1c45671900574486": " 9.81", "573784fa1c45671900574487": " 9.81", "573786b51c4567190057448d": " gravitational acceleration", "573786b51c4567190057448e": " gravitational acceleration", "573786b51c4567190057448f": " ascribed to the same force of gravity if the acceleration due to gravity decreased as an inverse square law.", "573786b51c45671900574490": " gravitational acceleration", "57378862c3c5551400e51f21": " dimensional constant is used to describe the relative strength of gravity. This constant has come to be known as Newton's Universal Gravitation", "57378862c3c5551400e51f22": " dimensional constant is used to describe the relative strength of gravity", "57378862c3c5551400e51f23": " dimensional constant is used to describe the relative strength of gravity", "57378862c3c5551400e51f24": " dimensional constant is used to describe the relative strength of gravity. This constant has come to be known as Newton's Universal Gravitation", "5737898f1c45671900574495": " Gravitation", "5737898f1c45671900574496": " Gravitation", "5737898f1c45671900574497": "GR) he turned his attention to the problem of Mercury's orbit and found that his theory added a correction, which could account", "5737898f1c45671900574498": "GR) he turned his attention to the problem of Mercury's orbit and found that his theory added a correction, which could account", "5737898f1c45671900574499": " Gravitation", "57378b141c4567190057449f": " ballistic trajectory", "57378b141c456719005744a0": " ballistic trajectory", "57378b141c456719005744a1": " ballistic trajectory", "57378b141c456719005744a2": " ballistic trajectory", "57378c9b1c456719005744a8": " magnetic force (due to the magnetic field).", "57378c9b1c456719005744a9": " magnetic force (due to the magnetic field).", "57378c9b1c456719005744a7": " electromagnetic force", "57378c9b1c456719005744aa": " magnetic force (due to the magnetic field).", "57378e311c456719005744af": " stationary and moving charges", "57378e311c456719005744b0": " stationary and moving charges", "57378e311c456719005744b1": " magnetic", "57378e311c456719005744b2": " magnetic", "57378e311c456719005744b3": " Clerk", "573792ee1c456719005744b9": " electromagnetic theory with two observations, the photoelectric effect, and the nonexistence of the ultraviolet catastrophe", "573792ee1c456719005744ba": " ultraviolet catastrophe", "573792ee1c456719005744bb": " ultraviolet catastrophe", "573792ee1c456719005744bc": " ultraviolet catastrophe", "573792ee1c456719005744bd": " electromagnetic theory with two observations, the photoelectric effect, and the nonexistence of the ultraviolet catastrophe", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f29": " structural force", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2a": " structural force", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2b": " structural", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2c": " structural force", "5737958b1c456719005744c3": " structural force", "5737958b1c456719005744c4": " structural force", "5737958b1c456719005744c5": " structural", "5737958b1c456719005744c6": " structural force", "573796edc3c5551400e51f33": " color confinement", "573796edc3c5551400e51f34": " color confinement", "573796edc3c5551400e51f35": " color confinement", "573796edc3c5551400e51f36": " color confinement", "573796edc3c5551400e51f37": " color confinement", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3d": " strong force. Still, it is stronger than gravity", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3e": " strong force. Still, it is stronger than gravity", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3f": " strong force. Still, it is stronger than gravity", "57379829c3c5551400e51f40": " strong force. Still, it is stronger than gravity", "57379829c3c5551400e51f41": " strong force", "57379a4b1c456719005744cd": "ulsive forces", "57379a4b1c456719005744ce": "The normal force is due to repulsive forces", "57379a4b1c456719005744cf": "ulsive forces", "57379a4b1c456719005744d0": "ulsive forces", "57379ed81c456719005744d5": " mechanical energy", "57379ed81c456719005744d6": " mechanical energy", "57379ed81c456719005744d7": " mechanical energy", "57379ed81c456719005744d8": " mechanical energy", "57379ed81c456719005744d9": " mechanical energy", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f47": " lattice holding together the atoms in an object is able", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f48": " lattice", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f49": " lattice", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4a": " lattice holding together the atoms in an object is able", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4b": " lattice holding together the atoms in an object is able", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f51": "deformations) including also tensile stresses and compressions.:133\u2013134", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f52": " formalism includes pressure terms associated with forces", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f53": " formalism includes pressure terms associated with forces", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f54": " formalism includes pressure terms associated with forces", "5737a4511c456719005744df": "ational inertia", "5737a4511c456719005744e0": " angular velocity for velocity, and angular momentum for momentum. As a consequence of Newton's First Law of Motion, there exists rotational inertia", "5737a4511c456719005744e1": "que is the rotation equivalent of force", "5737a5931c456719005744e7": " velocity vector", "5737a5931c456719005744e8": " velocity", "5737a5931c456719005744e9": " velocity vector", "5737a5931c456719005744ea": " velocity vector", "5737a5931c456719005744eb": " velocity vector", "5737a7351c456719005744f1": " mechanical work that allows energy to convert only between kinetic or potential forms. This means that for a closed system, the net mechanical energy", "5737a7351c456719005744f2": " mechanical work that allows energy to convert only between kinetic or potential forms. This means that for a closed system, the net mechanical energy", "5737a7351c456719005744f3": " mechanical work that allows energy to convert only between kinetic or potential forms. This means that for a closed system, the net mechanical energy", "5737a7351c456719005744f4": " mechanical work that allows energy to convert only between kinetic or potential forms. This means that for a closed system, the net mechanical energy", "5737a7351c456719005744f5": " mechanical work that allows energy to convert only between kinetic or potential forms. This means that for a closed system, the net mechanical energy", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f59": " friction", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5a": " friction", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5b": " friction", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5c": " friction", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f61": " energy", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f62": " energy", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f63": " energy", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f64": " energy", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f65": " energy", "5737aafd1c456719005744fb": " less commonly used than the newton: the kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond), is the force exerted by standard gravity", "5737aafd1c456719005744fc": " the kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond), is the force exerted by standard gravity", "5737aafd1c456719005744fd": " the kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond), is the force exerted by standard gravity", "5737aafd1c456719005744fe": " the kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond), is the force exerted by standard gravity", "5737aafd1c456719005744ff": " slug" }