{ "56be4db0acb8001400a502ec": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ed": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ee": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ef": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56be4db0acb8001400a502f0": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d1": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d2": " February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d3": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91b9": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91ba": " February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91bb": " February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91df": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e0": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e1": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e2": " February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e3": " February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fd": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fe": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94ff": " February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9500": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9501": " February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e8": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e9": " February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56d20362e7d4791d009025ea": " February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56d20362e7d4791d009025eb": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56d600e31c85041400946eae": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56d600e31c85041400946eb0": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56d600e31c85041400946eb1": " Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb50e": " February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb510": " February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f6": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f9": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56be4e1facb8001400a502fa": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c2": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c3": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91e9": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ea": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91eb": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ec": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ed": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9507": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9508": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9509": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950a": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950b": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f3": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f4": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f5": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f6": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56d6017d1c85041400946ebe": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec1": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec2": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52a": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52b": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52e": " 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995", "56be4eafacb8001400a50302": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56be4eafacb8001400a50303": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56be4eafacb8001400a50304": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d2": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d3": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP, recording five solo tackles", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d4": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f4": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP, recording five solo tackles", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f5": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f6": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP, recording five solo tackles", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f7": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9511": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9513": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9514": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9515": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56d204ade7d4791d00902603": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56d204ade7d4791d00902604": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56d601e41c85041400946ece": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56d601e41c85041400946ecf": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP, recording five solo tackles", "56d601e41c85041400946ed0": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56d601e41c85041400946ed1": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56d601e41c85041400946ed2": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53b": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP, recording five solo tackles", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53c": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53d": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53e": " three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56be5333acb8001400a5030a": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56be5333acb8001400a5030b": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56be5333acb8001400a5030c": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56be5333acb8001400a5030d": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56be5333acb8001400a5030e": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fd": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fe": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91ff": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9200": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9201": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951b": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951c": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951e": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951f": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902608": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902609": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260a": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260b": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56d602631c85041400946ed8": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56d602631c85041400946eda": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56d602631c85041400946edb": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56d602631c85041400946edc": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb544": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb545": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb546": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb548": " $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56be53b8acb8001400a50314": " Commissioner Roger Goodell", "56be53b8acb8001400a50315": " Commissioner Roger Goodell stated that the league planned to make the 50th Super Bowl \"spectacular\"", "56be53b8acb8001400a50316": " Commissioner Roger Goodell stated that the league planned to make the 50th Super Bowl \"spectacular\"", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9207": " Commissioner Roger Goodell", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9208": " Super Bowl \"spectacular\"", "56bf42f53aeaaa14008c95a3": " Roger Goodell", "56d2053ae7d4791d00902610": " Commissioner Roger Goodell stated that the league planned to make the 50th Super Bowl \"spectacular\" and that it would be \"an important game for us", "56d6edd00d65d21400198250": " Commissioner Roger Goodell", "56d6edd00d65d21400198251": " Commissioner Roger Goodell stated that the league planned to make the 50th Super Bowl \"spectacular\"", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54e": " Super Bowl \"spectacular\"", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54f": " Commissioner Roger Goodell stated that the league planned to make the 50th Super Bowl \"spectacular\"", "56be5438acb8001400a5031a": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56be5438acb8001400a5031b": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56be5438acb8001400a5031c": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920b": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920d": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9580": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9581": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9582": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d20564e7d4791d00902612": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198254": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198255": " Sun Life Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198256": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198257": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198258": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb552": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb553": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb554": " three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56be54bdacb8001400a50322": " 49ers", "56be54bdacb8001400a50323": " 49ers", "56be54bdacb8001400a50324": " 49ers", "56be54bdacb8001400a50325": " 49ers", "56be54bdacb8001400a50326": " 49ers", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921b": " 49ers", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921c": " 49ers", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921d": " 49ers", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921e": " 49ers", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921f": " 49ers", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9525": " 49ers", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9526": " 49ers", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9528": " 49ers", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9529": " 49ers", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198260": " 49ers", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198262": " 49ers", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb558": " 49ers", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb559": " 49ers", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55a": " 49ers", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55b": " 49ers", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55c": " 49ers", "56be5523acb8001400a5032c": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56be5523acb8001400a5032d": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56be5523acb8001400a5032e": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56be5523acb8001400a5032f": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56be5523acb8001400a50330": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9225": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9226": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9227": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9228": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9229": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c952f": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9530": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9531": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9532": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9533": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56d6f0770d65d21400198268": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56d6f0770d65d21400198269": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826a": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826c": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb562": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb563": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb564": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb565": " $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985", "56be572b3aeaaa14008c9052": " Super Bowl XLVIII, while the Panthers made their second Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c922f": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9230": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9231": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9232": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9233": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c9539": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953a": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953c": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953d": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d6f1190d65d21400198272": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d6f1190d65d21400198273": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d6f1190d65d21400198274": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d6f1190d65d21400198275": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d6f1190d65d21400198276": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56c": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56d": " Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox", "56d99179dc89441400fdb570": " Super Bowl appearance prior to Super Bowl 50", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9058": " Green Bay Packers", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9059": " Green Bay Packers", "56be59683aeaaa14008c905a": " a 16-game schedule in 1978", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923d": " Green Bay Packers", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923e": " Green Bay Packers", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923f": " Green Bay Packers", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9240": " Green Bay Packers", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9241": " Green Bay Packers", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9543": " a 16-game schedule in 1978", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9544": " Green Bay Packers", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9545": " Green Bay Packers", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9547": " Green Bay Packers", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827c": " Green Bay Packers", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827d": " Green Bay Packers", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827e": " Green Bay Packers", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827f": " Green Bay Packers", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb576": " Green Bay Packers", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb577": " a 16-game schedule in 1978", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb578": " Green Bay Packers", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb57a": " Green Bay Packers", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9247": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9248": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837 yards", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9249": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837 yards", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924a": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837 yards", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924b": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960b": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837 yards", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960c": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960d": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960e": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960f": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns", "56d6f2960d65d21400198286": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton", "56d6f2960d65d21400198287": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton", "56d6f2960d65d21400198288": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837 yards", "56d6f2960d65d21400198289": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837 yards", "56d6f2960d65d2140019828a": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837 yards", "56d997cddc89441400fdb586": "837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns", "56d997cddc89441400fdb587": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837 yards", "56d997cddc89441400fdb588": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837 yards", "56d997cddc89441400fdb589": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837 yards", "56d997cddc89441400fdb58a": " six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837 yards", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925b": " three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925c": " three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925d": " three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925e": " just 308 points, ranking sixth in the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925f": " three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly", "56d6f3500d65d21400198290": " Kawann Short", "56d6f3500d65d21400198291": " three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly", "56d6f3500d65d21400198292": " Kawann Short", "56d6f3500d65d21400198293": " three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly", "56d6f3500d65d21400198294": " three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59c": " Kawann Short", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59e": " three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59f": " three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb5a0": " just 308 points, ranking sixth in the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9265": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9266": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9267": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9268": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9269": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954d": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954e": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954f": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9550": " four interceptions in favor of backup quarterback Brock Osweiler", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9551": " 17 regular season finale, where the Broncos were losing 13\u20137 against the 4\u201311 San Diego Chargers", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829a": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829b": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829c": " four interceptions in favor of backup quarterback Brock Osweiler", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829d": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829e": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c8": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c9": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5ca": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cb": " four interceptions in favor of backup quarterback Brock Osweiler", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cc": " Kubiak as the new head coach", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c9279": " 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler threw for 1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927a": " 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler threw for 1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927b": " 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler threw for 1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927c": " six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927d": " Osweiler threw for 1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956b": " 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler threw for 1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956c": " six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956d": " six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956e": " 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler threw for 1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956f": " six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a4": " 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler threw for 1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a5": " six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a6": " six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a7": " 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler threw for 1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d6": " 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler threw for 1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d7": " 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler threw for 1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d8": " 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler threw for 1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d9": " 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler threw for 1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5da": " 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler threw for 1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928d": " four fumbles, and recovered three. Linebacker DeMarcus Ware was selected to play in the Pro Bowl", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928e": " four fumbles, and recovered three. Linebacker DeMarcus Ware was selected to play in the Pro Bowl", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9290": " four fumbles, and recovered three. Linebacker DeMarcus Ware was selected to play in the Pro Bowl", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9291": " four fumbles, and recovered three. Linebacker DeMarcus Ware was selected to play in the Pro Bowl", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9588": " four fumbles, and recovered three. Linebacker DeMarcus Ware was selected to play in the Pro Bowl", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9589": " four fumbles, and recovered three. Linebacker DeMarcus Ware was selected to play in the Pro Bowl", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c958b": " four fumbles, and recovered three. Linebacker DeMarcus Ware was selected to play in the Pro Bowl", "56d6fea90d65d214001982ae": " four fumbles, and recovered three. Linebacker DeMarcus Ware was selected to play in the Pro Bowl", "56d6fea90d65d214001982af": " four fumbles, and recovered three. Linebacker DeMarcus Ware was selected to play in the Pro Bowl", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b0": " four fumbles, and recovered three. Linebacker DeMarcus Ware was selected to play in the Pro Bowl", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b2": " four fumbles, and recovered three. Linebacker DeMarcus Ware was selected to play in the Pro Bowl", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5fd": " four fumbles, and recovered three. Linebacker DeMarcus Ware was selected to play in the Pro Bowl", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5ff": " four fumbles, and recovered three. Linebacker DeMarcus Ware was selected to play in the Pro Bowl", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb600": " four fumbles, and recovered three. Linebacker DeMarcus Ware was selected to play in the Pro Bowl", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a1": " seven turnovers", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a2": " seven turnovers", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a3": " seven turnovers", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a4": " seven turnovers", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a5": " seven turnovers", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c9559": " seven turnovers", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955a": " seven turnovers", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955b": " seven turnovers", "56d701280d65d214001982b8": " seven turnovers", "56d701280d65d214001982ba": " seven turnovers", "56d701280d65d214001982bc": " 31\u201324, avenging their elimination from a year earlier. The Panthers then blew out the Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb616": " seven turnovers", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb618": " seven turnovers", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb619": " seven turnovers", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb61a": " seven turnovers", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ab": " 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ac": " 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ad": " scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship Game", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ae": " 11 points in the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship Game", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92af": " a pass on New England's 2-point conversion attempt", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9561": " 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9562": " 11 points in the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship Game", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9563": " scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship Game", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9564": " intercepting a pass on New England's 2-point conversion attempt", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9565": " any in their two playoff games", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c2": " 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c3": " 11 points in the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship Game", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c5": " 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb628": " 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb629": " 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb62c": " scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship Game", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b5": " Thomas Davis, an 11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm in the NFC Championship Game", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b6": "olina suffered a major setback", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b7": " NFC Championship Game. Despite this, he insisted he would still find a way to play in the Super Bowl. His prediction turned out to be accurate", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b8": " play in the Super Bowl. His prediction turned out to be accurate", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9575": "olina suffered a major setback", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9576": " three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9577": " play in the Super Bowl. His prediction turned out to be accurate", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9579": "olina suffered a major setback when Thomas Davis, an 11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears", "56d703d10d65d214001982d6": " NFC Championship Game. Despite this, he insisted he would still find a way to play in the Super Bowl. His prediction turned out to be accurate", "56d703d10d65d214001982d7": "olina suffered a major setback", "56d703d10d65d214001982d8": " play in the Super Bowl. His prediction turned out to be accurate", "56d9a026dc89441400fdb632": " Thomas Davis, an 11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm in the NFC Championship Game", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bd": " Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92be": " Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bf": " past record was held by John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c0": " past record was held by John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c1": " past record was held by John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9591": " past record was held by John Elway", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9592": " Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9593": " past record was held by John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9594": "eyton Manning", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9595": " Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations", "56d704430d65d214001982de": " past record was held by John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38", "56d704430d65d214001982e0": "eyton Manning", "56d704430d65d214001982e1": " Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations", "56d704430d65d214001982e2": " 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63e": " past record was held by John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63f": " Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb640": " 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c7": " Von Miller for Denver", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c8": " Von Miller for Denver", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c9": " Von Miller for Denver", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92ca": " Von Miller for Denver", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92cb": " #1 selection of the 1998 NFL draft", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959b": " Von Miller for Denver", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959c": " Von Miller for Denver", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959d": " Von Miller for Denver", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959e": " Super Bowl quarterbacks at 13 years and 48 days", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fc": " Von Miller for Denver", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fd": " Von Miller for Denver", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fe": " Von Miller for Denver", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb647": " Von Miller for Denver", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb648": " Von Miller for Denver", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb649": " Super Bowl quarterbacks at 13 years and 48 days", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92db": " Kubiak replacing Elway at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dc": " Kubiak replacing Elway at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dd": " Kubiak replacing Elway at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92de": " Elway at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92df": " Kubiak replacing Elway at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9615": " Kubiak replacing Elway", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9617": " Kubiak replacing Elway at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV", "56d709ef0d65d21400198306": " Kubiak replacing Elway at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV", "56d709ef0d65d21400198307": " Kubiak replacing Elway at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e5": " 419 turf", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e6": "odded the field with a new playing surface; a hybrid Bermuda 419 turf", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e7": " 419 turf", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e8": "odded the field with a new playing surface; a hybrid Bermuda 419 turf", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e9": " 419 turf", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a5": " 419 turf", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a6": " 419 turf", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a7": "odded the field with a new playing surface; a hybrid Bermuda 419 turf", "56d70adc0d65d21400198311": "odded the field with a new playing surface; a hybrid Bermuda 419 turf", "56d70adc0d65d21400198312": " 419 turf", "56d70adc0d65d21400198313": " 419 turf", "56d70adc0d65d21400198314": " 419 turf", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb678": "odded the field with a new playing surface; a hybrid Bermuda 419 turf", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb679": " 419 turf", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92f9": " 21\u201310 in Super Bowl XL 10 seasons prior. The Broncos' decision to wear white meant the Panthers would wear their standard home uniform: black jerseys", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fa": " Elway's last game as Denver QB", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fb": " Elway's last game as Denver QB", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fc": " Elway's last game as Denver QB", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fd": " Elway's last game as Denver QB", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ab": " Elway's last game as Denver QB", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ac": " Elway's last game as Denver QB, when they defeated the Atlanta Falcons 34\u201319", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ae": " Elway's last game as Denver QB", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95af": " Elway's last game as Denver QB", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831d": " Elway's last game as Denver QB", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831f": " Super Bowl XXI when they wore white jerseys, but they are 0-4 in Super Bowls when wearing orange jerseys", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb697": " Super Bowl XXI when they wore white jerseys, but they are 0-4 in Super Bowls when wearing orange jerseys", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb698": " Elway's last game as Denver QB", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb699": " Elway's last game as Denver QB, when they defeated the Atlanta Falcons 34\u201319", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb69a": " Elway's last game as Denver QB", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9303": " Panthers used the San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9304": " Panthers used the San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9305": " Panthers used the San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9306": " Panthers used the San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b5": " San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b6": " Panthers used the San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b7": " Panthers used the San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b8": " Panthers used the San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198326": " Panthers used the San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University", "56d70d240d65d21400198327": " Panthers used the San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198328": " Panthers used the San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198329": " Panthers used the San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a0": " San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a1": " Panthers used the San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a2": " Panthers used the San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a3": " Panthers used the San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9315": " June 4, 2014", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9316": " June 4, 2014", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9317": " June 4, 2014", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9318": " June 4, 2014", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9319": " June 4, 2014, the NFL announced that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals, a practice established at Super Bowl V", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95bd": " June 4", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95be": " June 4, 2014, the NFL announced that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals, a practice established at Super Bowl V", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c0": " June 4, 2014, the NFL announced that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals, a practice established at Super Bowl V", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c1": " June 4, 2014, the NFL announced that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals, a practice established at Super Bowl V", "56d70daa0d65d21400198332": " June 4, 2014, the NFL announced that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals, a practice established at Super Bowl V", "56d70daa0d65d21400198333": " June 4, 2014, the NFL announced that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals, a practice established at Super Bowl V", "56d70daa0d65d21400198334": " June 4, 2014, the NFL announced that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals, a practice established at Super Bowl V", "56d70daa0d65d21400198335": " June 4, 2014, the NFL announced that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals, a practice established at Super Bowl V", "56d70daa0d65d21400198336": " June 4, 2014", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6a8": " June 4, 2014", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6ab": " June 4, 2014", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c931f": " sideline jackets and hats featured gold-trimmed logos", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9320": " gold-themed promotions and initiatives were held throughout the 2015 NFL season", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9321": " sideline jackets and hats featured gold-trimmed logos", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c7": " gold-trimmed logos", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c8": " sideline jackets and hats featured gold-trimmed logos", "56d70e570d65d2140019833c": " gold-themed promotions and initiatives were held throughout the 2015 NFL season to tie into the \"Golden Super Bowl\"; gold-tinted logos", "56d70e570d65d2140019833e": " gold-themed promotions and initiatives were held throughout the 2015 NFL season to tie into the \"Golden Super Bowl\"; gold-tinted logos were implemented", "56d70e570d65d2140019833f": " sideline jackets and hats featured gold-trimmed logos", "56d9b01fdc89441400fdb6d4": " sideline jackets and hats featured gold-trimmed logos", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9325": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9326": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9327": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9328": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9329": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cb": " January 30", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cc": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cd": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95ce": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcadero", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834c": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834d": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834f": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ec": " January 30", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ed": " January 30", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ee": " January 30", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ef": " January 30", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6f0": " January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c932f": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9330": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9331": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d3": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d4": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d5": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56d714cd0d65d21400198356": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56d714cd0d65d21400198358": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56d714cd0d65d21400198359": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb700": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb701": " $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9335": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9336": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9337": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9338": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9339": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95d9": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95da": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95db": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dc": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dd": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56d71bd80d65d2140019835e": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56d71bd80d65d21400198360": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56d71bd80d65d21400198361": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56d71bd80d65d21400198362": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb708": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb709": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70a": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70b": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70c": " February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c933f": " $40 million through sponsors including Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9340": " $40 million through sponsors including Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9341": " $40 million through sponsors including Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9342": " $40 million through sponsors including Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9343": " $40 million through sponsors including Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e3": " $40 million through sponsors including Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e4": " $40 million through sponsors including Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e5": " $40 million through sponsors including Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap", "56d71cb60d65d21400198368": " $40 million through sponsors including Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb720": " $40 million through sponsors including Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb721": " $40 million through sponsors including Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c9349": " 25 percent of all money it raises for philanthropic causes in the Bay Area", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c934a": " 25 percent of all money it raises for philanthropic causes in the Bay Area", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95e9": " Host Committee has vowed to be \"the most giving Super Bowl ever\", and will dedicate 25 percent of all money it raises for philanthropic causes", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95ea": " Host Committee", "56d71d150d65d2140019836e": " youth development, community investment and sustainable environments", "56d71d150d65d2140019836f": " 25 percent of all money it raises for philanthropic causes in the Bay Area", "56d71d150d65d21400198370": " youth development, community investment and sustainable environments", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb72f": " Host Committee has vowed to be \"the most giving Super Bowl ever\", and will dedicate 25 percent of all money it raises for philanthropic causes", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb730": " youth development, community investment and sustainable environments", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934d": " (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50\" will be designed by Tiffany & Co.", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934e": " (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50\" will be designed by Tiffany & Co", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934f": " (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50\" will be designed by Tiffany & Co", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9350": " (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50\" will be designed by Tiffany & Co", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9351": " (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50\" will be designed by Tiffany & Co", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ed": " (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50\" will be designed by Tiffany & Co", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ef": " (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50\" will be designed by Tiffany & Co", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95f1": " (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50\" will be designed by Tiffany & Co", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198374": " (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50\" will be designed by Tiffany & Co", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198377": " (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50\" will be designed by Tiffany & Co", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9357": " broadcast television partners of the NFL", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9358": " three main broadcast television partners of the NFL. The network's lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9359": " broadcast television partners of the NFL. The network's lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935a": " broadcast television partners of the NFL. The network's lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935b": " broadcast television partners of the NFL. The network's lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f7": " broadcast television partners of the NFL. The network's lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f8": " three main broadcast television partners of the NFL. The network's lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f9": " broadcast television partners of the NFL. The network's lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fa": " broadcast television partners of the NFL. The network's lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fb": " broadcast television partners of the NFL. The network's lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837c": " three main broadcast television partners of the NFL", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837d": " Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb740": " broadcast television partners of the NFL. The network's lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb741": " Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb742": " broadcast television partners of the NFL. The network's lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb743": " broadcast television partners of the NFL. The network's lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb744": " broadcast television partners of the NFL. The network's lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9361": " December 28, 2015, ESPN Deportes announced that they had reached an agreement with CBS and the NFL to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9362": " over-the-air viewers). The game was called by ESPN Deportes", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9363": " December 28, 2015, ESPN Deportes announced that they had reached an agreement with CBS and the NFL to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9364": " December 28, 2015", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9365": " December 28, 2015, ESPN Deportes announced that they had reached an agreement with CBS and the NFL to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster", "56bf6d343aeaaa14008c961b": " December 28, 2015, ESPN Deportes announced that they had reached an agreement with CBS and the NFL to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster", "56d71fc00d65d21400198386": " December 28, 2015, ESPN Deportes announced that they had reached an agreement with CBS and the NFL to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster", "56d71fc00d65d21400198389": " over-the-air viewers). The game was called by ESPN Deportes", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb754": " Super Bowl. Unlike NBC and Fox, CBS does not have a Spanish-language outlet", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb757": " Super Bowl. Unlike NBC and Fox, CBS does not have a Spanish-language outlet", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb758": " Super Bowl. Unlike NBC and Fox, CBS does not have a Spanish-language outlet", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9371": "CBS provided digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com, and the CBS Sports apps on tablets", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9372": "CBS provided digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com, and the CBS Sports apps on tablets", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9373": " digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com, and the CBS Sports apps on tablets, Windows 10, Xbox One and other digital media players", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9374": " CBS Sports apps on tablets, Windows 10, Xbox One and other digital media players", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9375": " CBSSports.com, and the CBS Sports apps on tablets, Windows 10, Xbox One and other digital media players", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c961f": " CBS Sports apps on tablets", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9620": " CBSSports.com, and the CBS Sports apps on tablets, Windows 10, Xbox One and other digital media players", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9621": " digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com, and the CBS Sports apps on tablets, Windows 10, Xbox One and other digital media players", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9622": " CBSSports.com, and the CBS Sports apps on tablets, Windows 10, Xbox One and other digital media players", "56d7205e0d65d21400198391": " digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com, and the CBS Sports apps on tablets, Windows 10, Xbox One and other digital media players", "56d7205e0d65d21400198392": "CBS provided digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com, and the CBS Sports apps on tablets", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75e": "CBS provided digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com, and the CBS Sports apps on tablets", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75f": "CBS provided digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com, and the CBS Sports apps on tablets", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb760": "CBS provided digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com, and the CBS Sports apps on tablets", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937b": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937c": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9631": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9632": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56d720c70d65d21400198396": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56d720c70d65d21400198397": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56d720c70d65d21400198398": " The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c9389": " $5,000,000, a record high price for a Super Bowl ad", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938a": " $5,000,000, a record high price for a Super Bowl ad", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938b": " $5,000,000, a record high price for a Super Bowl ad", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938c": " January 26, the advertisements had not yet sold out. CBS mandated that all advertisers purchase a package covering time on both the television and digital broadcasts", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9635": " $5,000,000, a record high price for a Super Bowl ad", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9637": " $5,000,000, a record high price for a Super Bowl ad", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9638": " $5,000,000, a record high price for a Super Bowl ad", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9639": " $5,000,000, a record high price for a Super Bowl ad", "56d721af0d65d2140019839e": " $5,000,000", "56d721af0d65d2140019839f": " $5,000,000, a record high price for a Super Bowl ad", "56d721af0d65d214001983a0": " $5,000,000, a record high price for a Super Bowl ad", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb768": " Anheuser-Busch InBev", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb769": " $5,000,000", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb76a": " January 26, the advertisements had not yet sold out. CBS mandated that all advertisers purchase a package covering time on both the television and digital broadcasts", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9397": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9398": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9399": " commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks. Death Wish Coffee beat out nine other contenders from across the United States", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c939a": " commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks. Death Wish Coffee beat out nine other contenders from across the United States", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c963f": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c9640": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks. Death Wish Coffee beat out nine other contenders", "56d722330d65d214001983a6": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56d722330d65d214001983a7": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge", "56d722330d65d214001983a8": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb770": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb771": " Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93a9": " Walt Disney Studios paid for movie trailers", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93aa": " Walt Disney Studios paid for movie trailers", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ab": " Walt Disney Studios paid for movie trailers", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ac": " Walt Disney Studios paid for movie trailers", "56d723560d65d214001983ac": " Walt Disney Studios paid for movie trailers", "56d723560d65d214001983ad": " Walt Disney Studios paid for movie trailers", "56d723560d65d214001983ae": " Walt Disney Studios", "56d723560d65d214001983af": " Walt Disney Studios paid for movie trailers", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77b": " Century Fox, Lionsgate, Paramount Pictures, Universal Studios and Walt Disney Studios paid for movie trailers", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77c": " Walt Disney Studios paid for movie trailers", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77d": " Walt Disney Studios paid for movie trailers", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b1": " Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b2": " Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b3": " Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b4": "iason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b5": " Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9655": "iason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9656": " Harlan as play-by-play announcer, Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b4": " Harlan as play-by-play announcer, Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b5": " Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b8": "iason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78e": " Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78f": " Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb790": " Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb791": " Harlan as play-by-play announcer, Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb792": " Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93cf": " WBT are both clear-channel stations, the local broadcasts will be audible over much of the western United States after sunset (for Denver)", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d0": " WBT are both clear-channel stations, the local broadcasts will be audible over much of the western United States after sunset (for Denver)", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d1": "850 AM) and KRFX", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d2": "FM (99.3 FM), which is based in Chester, South Carolina", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d3": "850 AM) and KRFX", "56d724620d65d214001983be": " WBT are both clear-channel stations, the local broadcasts will be audible over much of the western United States after sunset (for Denver)", "56d724620d65d214001983bf": "103.5 FM) will carry the game, with Dave Logan on play-by-play and Ed McCaffrey on color commentary", "56d724620d65d214001983c0": "850 AM) and KRFX", "56d724620d65d214001983c1": " KRFX", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a0": " WBT are both clear-channel stations, the local broadcasts will be audible over much of the western United States after sunset (for Denver)", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a3": "850 AM) and KRFX", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e3": " 5 Live Sports Extra will carry the contest. The BBC will carry its own British English broadcast", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e4": " 5 Live Sports Extra will carry the contest. The BBC will carry its own British English broadcast", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e5": " 5 Live Sports Extra will carry the contest. The BBC will carry its own British English broadcast", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c8": " 5 Live Sports Extra will carry the contest. The BBC will carry its own British English broadcast", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c9": " 5 Live Sports Extra will carry the contest. The BBC will carry its own British English broadcast", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93e9": " 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players. Bart Starr (MVP of Super Bowls I and II", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ea": " 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93eb": " 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players. Bart Starr (MVP of Super Bowls I and II", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ec": " 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ed": " 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cc": " 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cd": " 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cf": " 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b4": " 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b5": " 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b6": " 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b7": " 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players. Bart Starr (MVP of Super Bowls I and II", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b8": " 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fd": " Marlee Matlin provided American Sign Language (ASL) translation", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fe": " Marlee Matlin provided American Sign Language (ASL) translation", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93ff": " Marlee Matlin provided American Sign Language (ASL) translation", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9400": " Matlin provided American Sign Language (ASL) translation", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9401": "Six-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga", "56d20650e7d4791d00902614": " Marlee Matlin provided American Sign Language (ASL) translation", "56d20650e7d4791d00902615": "Six-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d4": "Six-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga performed the national anthem", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d5": " Marlee Matlin provided American Sign Language (ASL) translation", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c4": " Marlee Matlin provided American Sign Language (ASL) translation", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c5": " Marlee Matlin provided American Sign Language (ASL) translation", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c6": "Six-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940d": " Coldplay on the single \"Hymn for the Weekend\", would be making an appearance", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940e": " Coldplay on the single \"Hymn for the Weekend\", would be making an appearance", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940f": " December 3, the league confirmed that the show would be headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9410": " Coldplay on the single \"Hymn for the Weekend\", would be making an appearance", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9411": " Coldplay on the single \"Hymn for the Weekend\", would be making an appearance", "56d725790d65d214001983d8": " Coldplay on the single \"Hymn for the Weekend\", would be making an appearance", "56d725790d65d214001983da": " Coldplay on the single \"Hymn for the Weekend", "56d725790d65d214001983db": " December 3, the league confirmed that the show would be headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d0": " Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d1": " Coldplay on the single \"Hymn for the Weekend\", would be making an appearance", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d2": " December 3, the league confirmed that the show would be headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d3": " December 3, the league confirmed that the show would be headlined by the British rock group Coldplay", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9417": " 22-yard throw to receiver Andre Caldwell", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9418": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9419": " Hillman for a 3-yard loss", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941a": " 22-yard throw to receiver Andre Caldwell", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941b": " 22-yard throw to receiver Andre Caldwell", "56d728a10d65d21400198413": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56d728a10d65d21400198414": " 22-yard throw to receiver Andre Caldwell", "56d728a10d65d21400198415": " 22-yard throw to receiver Andre Caldwell", "56d728a10d65d21400198416": " McManus 34-yard field goal. The score marked the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina was facing a deficit", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d8": " 22-yard throw to receiver Andre Caldwell", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d9": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7da": " 1-yard gain", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7db": " 22-yard throw to receiver Andre Caldwell", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7dc": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942b": " Von Miller knocked the ball out of Newton's hands while sacking him, and Malik Jackson recovered it in the end zone for a Broncos touchdown", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942c": " incompletion and upheld", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942d": " incompletion and upheld", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942e": " Cam Newton appeared to complete a 24-yard pass Jerricho Cotchery, but the call was ruled an incompletion and upheld", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942f": " Super Bowl since Super Bowl XXVIII at the end of the 1993 season", "56d728e00d65d2140019841c": " Cam Newton appeared to complete a 24-yard pass Jerricho Cotchery, but the call was ruled an incompletion and upheld", "56d728e00d65d2140019841d": " Cam Newton appeared to complete a 24-yard pass Jerricho Cotchery, but the call was ruled an incompletion and upheld", "56d728e00d65d2140019841e": " incompletion and upheld", "56d728e00d65d2140019841f": " Panthers quarterback Cam Newton appeared to complete a 24-yard pass Jerricho Cotchery", "56d728e00d65d21400198420": " Cam Newton appeared to complete a 24-yard pass Jerricho Cotchery, but the call was ruled an incompletion and upheld", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e7": " Cam Newton appeared to complete a 24-yard pass Jerricho Cotchery, but the call was ruled an incompletion and upheld", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e8": " Cam Newton appeared to complete a 24-yard pass Jerricho Cotchery, but the call was ruled an incompletion and upheld", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e9": " Cam Newton appeared to complete a 24-yard pass Jerricho Cotchery, but the call was ruled an incompletion and upheld", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7ea": " Cam Newton appeared to complete a 24-yard pass Jerricho Cotchery, but the call was ruled an incompletion and upheld", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9435": " Norwood received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard punt surrounded by Panthers players", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9436": " Norwood received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard punt surrounded by Panthers players", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9437": " Norwood received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard punt surrounded by Panthers players, but none of them attempted to make a tackle", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9438": " Norwood received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard punt surrounded by Panthers players, but none of them attempted to make a tackle", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9439": " Norwood received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard punt surrounded by Panthers players, but none of them attempted to make a tackle", "56d729180d65d21400198426": " Norwood received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard punt surrounded by Panthers players, but none of them attempted to make a tackle", "56d729180d65d21400198427": " Norwood received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard punt surrounded by Panthers players, but none of them attempted to make a tackle", "56d729180d65d21400198428": " Norwood received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard punt surrounded by Panthers players, but none of them attempted to make a tackle", "56d729180d65d21400198429": " Norwood received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard punt surrounded by Panthers players, but none of them attempted to make a tackle", "56d729180d65d2140019842a": " Norwood received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard punt surrounded by Panthers players, but none of them attempted to make a tackle", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f0": " Norwood received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard punt surrounded", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f4": " Norwood received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard punt surrounded by Panthers players, but none of them attempted to make a tackle", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9445": " Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9446": " Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9447": " Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9448": " Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9449": " Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart", "56d729ec0d65d21400198430": " Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart", "56d729ec0d65d21400198431": " Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart", "56d729ec0d65d21400198432": " Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart", "56d729ec0d65d21400198434": " Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb804": " Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart, which linebacker Danny Trevathan recovered on the Broncos 40-yard line", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb805": " Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb806": " Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb807": " Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb808": " Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9455": " Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt. After the miss, Manning completed a pair of passes to Emmanuel Sanders", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9456": " Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt. After the miss, Manning completed a pair of passes to Emmanuel Sanders", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9457": " Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt. After the miss, Manning completed a pair of passes to Emmanuel Sanders", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9458": " McManus' 33-yard field goal", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9459": " Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt. After the miss, Manning completed a pair of passes to Emmanuel Sanders", "56d7282f0d65d21400198408": " Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt. After the miss, Manning completed a pair of passes to Emmanuel Sanders", "56d7282f0d65d21400198409": " Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt. After the miss, Manning completed a pair of passes to Emmanuel Sanders", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840a": " Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt. After the miss, Manning completed a pair of passes to Emmanuel Sanders", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840c": " Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt. After the miss, Manning completed a pair of passes to Emmanuel Sanders", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80e": " Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt. After the miss, Manning completed a pair of passes to Emmanuel Sanders", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80f": " Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt. After the miss, Manning completed a pair of passes to Emmanuel Sanders", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb810": " Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb811": " Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt. After the miss, Manning completed a pair of passes to Emmanuel Sanders", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c945f": " Devin Funchess", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9460": " Devin Funchess and a 12-yard run by Stewart then set up Gano's 39-yard field goal", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9461": " Devin Funchess", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9462": " Devin Funchess", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e0": " Devin Funchess", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e1": " Devin Funchess", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e2": " Devin Funchess", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e4": " Devin Funchess", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb820": " Devin Funchess", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb821": " Devin Funchess", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb822": " Devin Funchess and a 12-yard run by Stewart then set up Gano's 39-yard field goal", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb823": " 41-yard line", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946d": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946e": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946f": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9470": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9471": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d726b60d65d214001983ea": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d726b60d65d214001983eb": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d726b60d65d214001983ec": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d726b60d65d214001983ed": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d726b60d65d214001983ee": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb832": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb833": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb834": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb835": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb836": " Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9481": " leading rusher with 45 yards on six carries", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9482": " leading rusher with 45 yards on six carries", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9483": " Sanders was his top receiver", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9484": " leading rusher with 45 yards on six carries", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9485": " leading rusher with 45 yards on six carries", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f4": " leading rusher with 45 yards on six carries", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f5": " leading rusher with 45 yards on six carries", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f6": " leading rusher with 45 yards on six carries", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f7": " leading rusher with 45 yards on six carries", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f8": " leading rusher with 45 yards on six carries", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb842": "Manning finished the game 13 of 23 for 141 yards with one interception", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb843": " leading rusher with 45 yards on six carries", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb844": " 141 yards with one interception and zero touchdowns", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb845": " 13 of 23", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb846": " Brown caught four passes for 80 yards, while Ginn had four receptions for 74. Ealy was the top defensive performer for Carolina with four total tackles", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948b": " Norwood's 61-yard punt return set a new record, surpassing the old record of 45 yards set by John Taylor in Super Bowl XXIII", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948c": " Norwood's 61-yard punt return set a new record, surpassing the old record of 45 yards set by John Taylor in Super Bowl XXIII", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948d": " Norwood's 61-yard punt return set a new record, surpassing the old record of 45 yards set by John Taylor in Super Bowl XXIII", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948e": " Norwood's 61-yard punt return set a new record, surpassing the old record of 45 yards set by John Taylor in Super Bowl XXIII", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948f": " Norwood's 61-yard punt return set a new record, surpassing the old record of 45 yards set by John Taylor in Super Bowl XXIII", "56d7277c0d65d214001983fe": " Norwood's 61-yard punt return set a new record, surpassing the old record of 45 yards set by John Taylor in Super Bowl XXIII", "56d7277c0d65d214001983ff": " Norwood's 61-yard punt return set a new record, surpassing the old record of 45 yards set by John Taylor in Super Bowl XXIII", "56d7277c0d65d21400198401": " Norwood's 61-yard punt return set a new record, surpassing the old record of 45 yards set by John Taylor in Super Bowl XXIII", "56d7277c0d65d21400198402": " Norwood's 61-yard punt return set a new record, surpassing the old record of 45 yards set by John Taylor in Super Bowl XXIII", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84c": " Norwood's 61-yard punt return set a new record, surpassing the old record of 45 yards set by John Taylor in Super Bowl XXIII", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84d": " Norwood's 61-yard punt return set a new record, surpassing the old record of 45 yards set by John Taylor in Super Bowl XXIII", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84e": " Norwood's 61-yard punt return set a new record, surpassing the old record of 45 yards set by John Taylor in Super Bowl XXIII", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84f": " Norwood's 61-yard punt return set a new record, surpassing the old record of 45 yards set by John Taylor in Super Bowl XXIII", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb850": " Norwood's 61-yard punt return set a new record, surpassing the old record of 45 yards set by John Taylor in Super Bowl XXIII", "5733a5f54776f41900660f45": " (37 mi) from Warsaw, he moved to the city with his family when he was seven months old. Casimir Pulaski", "5733a5f54776f41900660f48": " 1745", "5733a5f54776f41900660f44": " (37 mi) from Warsaw, he moved to the city with his family when he was seven months old. Casimir Pulaski", "5733a5f54776f41900660f46": " (37 mi) from Warsaw, he moved to the city with his family when he was seven months old. Casimir Pulaski", "5733a5f54776f41900660f47": " Casimir Pulaski, a Polish general and hero of the American Revolutionary War, was born here in 1745", "57336755d058e614000b5a3d": " 15.5 ha", "57336755d058e614000b5a3f": " Saxon Garden, covering the area of 15.5 ha", "57336755d058e614000b5a3c": " 15.5 ha, was formally a royal garden. There are over 100 different species of trees", "57336755d058e614000b5a3e": " 76 ha", "57336755d058e614000b5a40": " 15.5 ha, was formally a royal garden. There are over 100 different species of trees", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbb": " 13 natural reserves in Warsaw \u2013 among others, Bielany Forest, Kabaty Woods", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbc": " 13 natural reserves in Warsaw", "57337ddc4776f41900660bba": " 13 natural reserves in Warsaw", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbd": " 13 natural reserves in Warsaw", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbe": " 13 natural reserves in Warsaw", "57337ea24776f41900660bd0": "914 inhabitants 833,500 were of Polish mother tongue. World War II", "57337ea24776f41900660bd3": " foreign-born inhabitants", "57337ea24776f41900660bd2": "914 inhabitants 833,500 were of Polish mother tongue. World War II", "57337ea24776f41900660bd1": "914 inhabitants 833,500 were of Polish mother tongue. World War II", "57337ea24776f41900660bd4": "914 inhabitants 833,500 were of Polish mother tongue. World War II", "57339555d058e614000b5df4": " 1818", "57339555d058e614000b5df5": " 1818", "57339555d058e614000b5df6": " 1818", "57339555d058e614000b5df3": " 1816", "57339555d058e614000b5df7": " 1818", "57339902d058e614000b5e70": " over two million items. The building was designed by architects Marek Budzy\u0144ski and Zbigniew Badowski", "57339902d058e614000b5e71": " 15 December 1999", "57339902d058e614000b5e72": " 12 June 2002", "57339902d058e614000b5e73": " over two million items. The building was designed by architects Marek Budzy\u0144ski and Zbigniew Badowski", "57339902d058e614000b5e74": " 15 December 1999", "573399b54776f41900660e64": " Three-Year Plan to rebuild Poland (especially Warsaw) was a major success", "573399b54776f41900660e65": " Three-Year Plan to rebuild Poland (especially Warsaw) was a major success", "573399b54776f41900660e66": " Three-Year Plan to rebuild Poland (especially Warsaw) was a major success", "573399b54776f41900660e67": " Three-Year Plan to rebuild Poland", "57339a554776f41900660e74": " 700 beds", "57339a554776f41900660e75": " 700 beds", "57339a554776f41900660e76": " 700 beds", "57339a554776f41900660e77": " 700 beds", "57339a554776f41900660e78": " 700 beds", "57339ad74776f41900660e86": " Philharmonic Hall and the National Theatre, as well as the Roma and Buffo music theatres and the Congress Hall in the Palace of Culture", "57339ad74776f41900660e87": " Philharmonic Hall and the National Theatre, as well as the Roma and Buffo music theatres and the Congress Hall in the Palace of Culture", "57339ad74776f41900660e88": " Philharmonic Hall and the National Theatre, as well as the Roma and Buffo music theatres and the Congress Hall in the Palace of Culture", "57339ad74776f41900660e89": " Teatr Wielki, the Polish National Opera, the Chamber Opera, the National Philharmonic Hall", "57339ad74776f41900660e8a": " Philharmonic Hall and the National Theatre, as well as the Roma and Buffo music theatres and the Congress Hall in the Palace of Culture", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec5": " cabaret, and Leon Schiller's musical theatre Melodram. The Wojciech Bogus\u0142awski Theatre", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec6": " Saxon Garden), the Summer Theatre was in operation from 1870 to 1939", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec7": " Saxon Garden), the Summer Theatre was in operation from 1870 to 1939", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec8": " cabaret, and Leon Schiller's musical theatre Melodram. The Wojciech Bogus\u0142awski Theatre", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec9": " Saxon Garden), the Summer Theatre was in operation from 1870 to 1939", "57339dd94776f41900660ecc": " Vistula on Midsummer\u2019s Night for a festival called Wianki (Polish for Wreaths) have become a tradition", "57339dd94776f41900660ecd": "idsummer\u2019s Eve, apart from the official floating of wreaths", "57339dd94776f41900660ece": "idsummer\u2019s Eve, apart from the official floating of wreaths", "57339dd94776f41900660ecf": "idsummer\u2019s Eve, apart from the official floating of wreaths", "57339dd94776f41900660ed0": " Vistula on Midsummer\u2019s Night for a festival called Wianki (Polish for Wreaths) have become a tradition", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef6": " 60 museums, the most prestigious ones are National Museum with a collection of works whose origin ranges in time from antiquity till the present epoch", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef7": " 60 museums, the most prestigious ones are National Museum with a collection of works whose origin ranges in time from antiquity till the present epoch", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef8": " 60 museums, the most prestigious ones are National Museum with a collection of works whose origin ranges in time from antiquity till the present epoch", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef9": " 60 museums, the most prestigious ones are National Museum with a collection of works whose origin ranges in time from antiquity till the present epoch", "57339eb9d058e614000b5efa": " 60 museums, the most prestigious ones are National Museum with a collection of works whose origin ranges in time from antiquity till the present epoch", "5733a1854776f41900660f0a": " 60 rooms", "5733a1854776f41900660f0b": " 60 rooms", "5733a1854776f41900660f0c": " 60 rooms", "5733a1854776f41900660f0d": " 60 rooms", "5733a1854776f41900660f0e": " 60 rooms", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f28": " Royal Ujazd\u00f3w Castle", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f29": " 17th century Royal Ujazd\u00f3w Castle", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2a": " Royal Ujazd\u00f3w Castle", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2b": " Royal Ujazd\u00f3", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2c": " 17th century Royal Ujazd\u00f3w Castle", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f32": " Polonia Warsaw, have significantly fewer supporters, yet they managed to win Ekstraklasa Championship in 2000", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f33": " Ekstraklasa Championship in 2000", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f34": " Ekstraklasa Championship in 2000", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f35": " Ekstraklasa Championship in 2000", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f36": " Ekstraklasa Championship in 2000", "5733a45d4776f41900660f23": " 1390", "5733a45d4776f41900660f24": " 1390", "5733a45d4776f41900660f25": " 1390", "5733a45d4776f41900660f26": " 1390", "5733a45d4776f41900660f27": " 1390", "5733a560d058e614000b5f77": " Vistula River", "5733a560d058e614000b5f78": " Vistula River", "5733a560d058e614000b5f79": " Vistula River and plunged into its waters. She stopped to rest on a sandy beach by the village of Warszowa", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7a": " Vistula River and plunged into its waters. She stopped to rest on a sandy beach by the village of Warszowa", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7b": " Vistula River", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f58": " Nathan Alterman, the Israeli poet, was born in Warsaw, as was Moshe Vilenski", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f59": " Nathan Alterman, the Israeli poet, was born in Warsaw, as was Moshe Vilenski", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5a": "Tamara de Lempicka was a famous artist born in Warsaw", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5b": " pianist, who studied music at the Warsaw Conservatory. Warsaw was the beloved city of Isaac Bashevis Singer", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5c": " Nathan Alterman, the Israeli poet, was born in Warsaw, as was Moshe Vilenski", "573312fcd058e614000b56e6": " FMCG manufacturing, metal processing, steel and electronic manufacturing", "573312fcd058e614000b56e7": " FMCG manufacturing, metal processing, steel and electronic manufacturing", "573312fcd058e614000b56e8": " FMCG manufacturing, metal processing, steel and electronic manufacturing", "573312fcd058e614000b56e9": " FMCG manufacturing, metal processing, steel and electronic manufacturing", "573312fcd058e614000b56ea": " FMCG manufacturing, metal processing, steel and electronic manufacturing", "5733140a4776f419006606e0": " 1313", "5733140a4776f419006606e1": " Vilnius, Warsaw became the capital of the Commonwealth and of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland", "5733140a4776f419006606e2": " 1795, Warsaw was incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia", "5733140a4776f419006606e3": " 1795, Warsaw was incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia", "5733140a4776f419006606e4": " 1795, Warsaw was incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia", "573314e3d058e614000b56f0": " Vistula) and diocese (right bank), and possesses various universities, most notably the Polish Academy of Sciences", "573314e3d058e614000b56f1": " Vistula) and diocese (right bank), and possesses various universities, most notably the Polish Academy of Sciences", "573314e3d058e614000b56f2": " Vistula) and diocese (right bank), and possesses various universities, most notably the Polish Academy of Sciences", "573314e3d058e614000b56f3": " Vistula) and diocese (right bank), and possesses various universities, most notably the Polish Academy of Sciences", "573314e3d058e614000b56f4": " Vistula) and diocese (right bank), and possesses various universities, most notably the Polish Academy of Sciences", "57332442d058e614000b5720": " Warszawa", "57332442d058e614000b5721": " nobleman who owned a village located at the modern-day site of Mariensztat neighbourhood", "57332442d058e614000b5722": " nobleman who owned a village located at the modern-day site of Mariensztat neighbourhood", "57332442d058e614000b5723": " nobleman who owned a village located at the modern-day site of Mariensztat neighbourhood", "57332442d058e614000b5724": " Warszawa", "57332562d058e614000b5730": "9th/10th century) and Jazd\u00f3w", "57332562d058e614000b5731": " Warsaw, in about 1300. In the beginning of the 14th century it became one of the seats of the Dukes of Masovia", "57332562d058e614000b5732": " 1413", "57332562d058e614000b5733": " 1413", "57332562d058e614000b5734": " 1413", "5733266d4776f41900660712": " Vilnius, Warsaw became the capital of the Commonwealth and the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland", "5733266d4776f41900660713": " Vilnius, Warsaw became the capital of the Commonwealth and the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland", "5733266d4776f41900660714": " Vilnius, Warsaw became the capital of the Commonwealth and the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland", "5733266d4776f41900660715": " Vilnius, Warsaw became the capital of the Commonwealth and the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland", "5733266d4776f41900660716": " Vilnius, Warsaw became the capital of the Commonwealth and the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland", "57332a734776f41900660726": " 1796, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia to become the capital of the province of South Prussia", "57332a734776f41900660727": "Warsaw remained the capital of the Polish\u2013Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1796, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia", "57332a734776f41900660728": " 1796, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia to become the capital of the province of South Prussia", "57332a734776f41900660729": " 1796, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia to become the capital of the province of South Prussia", "57332a734776f4190066072a": " 1796, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia to become the capital of the province of South Prussia", "57332b66d058e614000b5758": " 11 November and set up what became the Second Polish Republic", "57332b66d058e614000b5759": " Pi\u0142sudski returned to Warsaw on 11 November and set up what became the Second Polish Republic", "57332b66d058e614000b575a": " 4 August 1915", "57332b66d058e614000b575b": " 4 August 1915 until November 1918", "57332b66d058e614000b575c": " 4 August 1915", "57332c1e4776f4190066073a": " 1 September 1939 began the Second World War, Warsaw was defended till September 27. Central Poland, including Warsaw, came under the rule of the General Government", "57332c1e4776f4190066073b": " 1 September 1939 began the Second World War, Warsaw was defended till September 27. Central Poland, including Warsaw, came under the rule of the General Government", "57332c1e4776f4190066073c": " 1 September 1939 began the Second World War, Warsaw was defended till September 27. Central Poland, including Warsaw, came under the rule of the General Government", "57332c1e4776f4190066073d": " 1 September 1939 began the Second World War, Warsaw was defended till September 27. Central Poland, including Warsaw, came under the rule of the General Government", "57332c1e4776f4190066073e": " 1 September 1939 began the Second World War, Warsaw was defended till September 27. Central Poland, including Warsaw, came under the rule of the General Government", "57332e48d058e614000b5762": " armed struggle, planned to last 48 hours, was partially successful, however it went on for 63 days", "57332e48d058e614000b5763": " armed struggle, planned to last 48 hours, was partially successful, however it went on for 63 days", "57332e48d058e614000b5764": " armed struggle, planned to last 48 hours, was partially successful, however it went on for 63 days", "57332e48d058e614000b5765": " armed struggle, planned to last 48 hours, was partially successful, however it went on for 63 days", "57332e48d058e614000b5766": " armed struggle, planned to last 48 hours, was partially successful, however it went on for 63 days", "57332f81d058e614000b5776": " Old Town was inscribed onto UNESCO's World Heritage list", "57332f81d058e614000b5777": " Communist regime set up by the conquering Soviets", "57332f81d058e614000b5778": " Old Town was inscribed onto UNESCO's World Heritage list", "57332f81d058e614000b5779": " Old Town was inscribed onto UNESCO's World Heritage list", "57332f81d058e614000b577a": " Old Town was inscribed onto UNESCO's World Heritage list", "573330444776f41900660758": "ist fervor there. In 1979, less than a year after becoming pope, John Paul celebrated Mass in Victory Square in Warsaw", "573330444776f41900660759": "ist fervor there. In 1979, less than a year after becoming pope, John Paul celebrated Mass in Victory Square in Warsaw", "573330444776f4190066075a": "ist fervor there. In 1979, less than a year after becoming pope, John Paul celebrated Mass in Victory Square in Warsaw", "573330444776f4190066075b": "ist fervor there. In 1979, less than a year after becoming pope, John Paul celebrated Mass in Victory Square in Warsaw", "573330444776f4190066075c": "ist fervor there. In 1979, less than a year after becoming pope, John Paul celebrated Mass in Victory Square in Warsaw", "5733314e4776f4190066076a": " 100 metres (330 ft) above sea level", "5733314e4776f4190066076b": "23 km (325 mi) east of Berlin, Germany", "5733314e4776f4190066076c": " 100 metres (330 ft) above sea level", "5733314e4776f4190066076d": " 100 metres (330 ft) above sea level", "5733314e4776f4190066076e": " 100 metres (330 ft) above sea level", "57335c20d058e614000b58f9": " moraine plateau and the Vistula Valley", "57335c20d058e614000b58fa": " moraine plateau and the Vistula Valley", "57335c20d058e614000b58fc": " moraine plateau and the Vistula Valley", "57335c20d058e614000b58fb": " moraine plateau and the Vistula Valley", "57335c20d058e614000b58fd": " 20 to 25 m (65.6 to 82.0 ft) high", "57335ddbd058e614000b592f": " escarpment. Aeolian sand with a number of dunes", "57335ddbd058e614000b5930": " escarpment. Aeolian sand with a number of dunes", "57335ddbd058e614000b5931": " escarpment. Aeolian sand with a number of dunes", "57335ddbd058e614000b5932": " escarpment. Aeolian sand with a number of dunes parted by peat swamps", "57335ddbd058e614000b5933": " moraine plateau has only a few natural and artificial ponds and also groups of clay pits", "57335fcad058e614000b5970": " PRL", "57335fcad058e614000b5971": " PRL. Most of the historical buildings were thoroughly reconstructed", "57335fcad058e614000b5972": " PRL", "57335fcad058e614000b5973": " PRL", "57335fcad058e614000b5974": " PRL", "573361404776f4190066093c": "14th century), the temple is a typical example of the so-called Masovian gothic style", "573361404776f4190066093d": "14th century), the temple is a typical example of the so-called Masovian gothic style", "573361404776f4190066093e": "14th century), the temple is a typical example of the so-called Masovian gothic style", "573361404776f4190066093f": "14th century), the temple is a typical example of the so-called Masovian gothic style", "573361404776f41900660940": "1596\u20131619) and the Jesuit Church (1609\u20131626)", "573362b94776f41900660974": " noble palaces and churches during the later decades of the 17th century", "573362b94776f41900660975": " noble palaces and churches during the later decades of the 17th century", "573362b94776f41900660976": " noble palaces and churches during the later decades of the 17th century", "573362b94776f41900660977": " noble palaces and churches during the later decades of the 17th century", "573362b94776f41900660978": " 1775\u20131795", "5733638fd058e614000b59e8": "1899\u20131902) is the most interesting of the late 19th-century architecture", "5733638fd058e614000b59e9": "1899\u20131902) is the most interesting of the late 19th-century architecture", "5733638fd058e614000b59ea": "1899\u20131902) is the most interesting of the late 19th-century architecture", "5733638fd058e614000b59eb": " 19th-century buildings in the Praga district", "5733638fd058e614000b59ec": "1899\u20131902) is the most interesting of the late 19th-century architecture", "5733647e4776f419006609ae": " November Uprising", "5733647e4776f419006609af": " November Uprising", "5733647e4776f419006609b0": " Warsaw Uprising", "5733647e4776f419006609b1": " November Uprising", "5733647e4776f419006609b2": " November Uprising", "573368044776f41900660a29": " green spaces in the city include the Botanic Garden and the University Library garden. They have extensive botanical collection of rare domestic and foreign plants", "573368044776f41900660a2a": " green spaces in the city include the Botanic Garden and the University Library garden. They have extensive botanical collection of rare domestic and foreign plants", "573368044776f41900660a2b": " green spaces in the city include the Botanic Garden and the University Library garden. They have extensive botanical collection of rare domestic and foreign plants", "573368044776f41900660a2c": " Botanic Garden and the University Library garden. They have extensive botanical collection of rare domestic and foreign plants", "573368044776f41900660a2d": " green spaces in the city include the Botanic Garden and the University Library garden. They have extensive botanical collection of rare domestic and foreign plants", "573368e54776f41900660a53": " Vistula) as well as arable land, meadows and forests. Bielany Forest", "573368e54776f41900660a54": " Kampinos Forest", "573368e54776f41900660a55": " Kampinos Forest", "573368e54776f41900660a56": " Vistula) as well as arable land, meadows and forests. Bielany Forest", "573368e54776f41900660a57": " Vistula) as well as arable land, meadows and forests. Bielany Forest", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcb": " c. 1,300,000 people lived in Warsaw", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcc": " c. 1,300,000 people lived in Warsaw", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcd": ". 6%, so shortly the city started to suffer from the lack of flats and of areas for new houses", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bce": ". 6%, so shortly the city started to suffer from the lack of flats and of areas for new houses", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcf": ". 6%, so shortly the city started to suffer from the lack of flats and of areas for new houses", "57338007d058e614000b5bda": " 1901 census, out of 711,988 inhabitants 56.2% were Catholics", "57338007d058e614000b5bdb": " church construction", "57338007d058e614000b5bdc": " church construction", "57338007d058e614000b5bdd": " church construction", "57338007d058e614000b5bde": " Eight years later, in 1909, there were 281,754 Jews", "573380e0d058e614000b5be9": " commune", "573380e0d058e614000b5bea": " a commune (gmina). A city is also a commune", "573380e0d058e614000b5beb": ".e. tasks and privileges, which are possessed by the units of the second level of the territorial division \u2013 counties or powiats", "57338160d058e614000b5bf9": " unicameral Warsaw City Council (Rada Miasta), which comprises 60 members. Council members are elected directly every four years", "57338160d058e614000b5bfa": " 60 members", "57338160d058e614000b5bfb": " unicameral Warsaw City Council (Rada Miasta), which comprises 60 members. Council members are elected directly every four years", "57338160d058e614000b5bfc": " 60 members. Council members are elected directly every four years", "57338160d058e614000b5bfd": " unicameral Warsaw City Council (Rada Miasta), which comprises 60 members. Council members are elected directly every four years", "57338255d058e614000b5c0d": " Voivode. Since 1990 the President of Warsaw had been elected by the City council", "57338255d058e614000b5c0e": " Menich (1695\u20131696", "57338255d058e614000b5c0f": "1695\u20131696", "57338255d058e614000b5c10": " Menich (1695\u20131696", "57338255d058e614000b5c11": " Menich (1695\u20131696", "573382d24776f41900660c37": " 33 000). Total nominal GDP of the city in 2010 amounted to 191.766 billion PLN, 111696 PLN per capita", "573382d24776f41900660c38": " 33 000). Total nominal GDP of the city in 2010 amounted to 191.766 billion PLN, 111696 PLN per capita", "573382d24776f41900660c39": " 33 000). Total nominal GDP of the city in 2010 amounted to 191.766 billion PLN, 111696 PLN per capita", "573382d24776f41900660c3a": " 33 000). Total nominal GDP of the city in 2010 amounted to 191.766 billion PLN, 111696 PLN per capita", "573382d24776f41900660c3b": " 33 000). Total nominal GDP of the city in 2010 amounted to 191.766 billion PLN, 111696 PLN per capita", "5733834ed058e614000b5c26": " 31 August 2009", "5733834ed058e614000b5c27": " 31 August 2009", "5733834ed058e614000b5c28": " 31 August 2009", "5733834ed058e614000b5c29": " 31 August 2009", "5733834ed058e614000b5c2a": " 31 August 2009", "573383d0d058e614000b5c35": " February 2011", "573383d0d058e614000b5c36": " Polonez. The last two models listed were also sent abroad and assembled in a number of other countries, including Egypt and Colombia", "573383d0d058e614000b5c37": " Polonez. The last two models listed were also sent abroad and assembled in a number of other countries, including Egypt and Colombia", "573383d0d058e614000b5c38": " February 2011", "573383d0d058e614000b5c39": " AvtoZAZ, a Ukrainian car manufacturer which assembled there the Chevrolet Aveo. The license for the production of the Aveo expired in February 2011", "573166ede6313a140071cef2": "199.6 sq mi), while the metropolitan area covers 6,100.43 square kilometres", "573166ede6313a140071cef3": "199.6 sq mi), while the metropolitan area covers 6,100.43 square kilometres", "573166ede6313a140071cef4": "199.6 sq mi), while the metropolitan area covers 6,100.43 square kilometres", "573166ede6313a140071cef5": "199.6 sq mi), while the metropolitan area covers 6,100.43 square kilometres", "573166ede6313a140071cef6": "199.6 sq mi), while the metropolitan area covers 6,100.43 square kilometres", "5732b6b5328d981900602021": "199.6 sq mi), while the metropolitan area covers 6,100.43 square kilometres", "5732b6b5328d981900602022": "199.6 sq mi), while the metropolitan area covers 6,100.43 square kilometres", "5732b6b5328d981900602023": "199.6 sq mi), while the metropolitan area covers 6,100.43 square kilometres", "5732b6b5328d981900602024": "199.6 sq mi), while the metropolitan area covers 6,100.43 square kilometres", "5732b6b5328d981900602025": "199.6 sq mi), while the metropolitan area covers 6,100.43 square kilometres", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9628": " Norse (\"Norman\" comes from \"Norseman\") raiders and pirates from Denmark", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9629": " Norse (\"Norman\" comes from \"Norseman\") raiders and pirates from Denmark", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962a": " Norse (\"Norman\" comes from \"Norseman\") raiders and pirates from Denmark", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962b": " Norse (\"Norman\" comes from \"Norseman\") raiders and pirates from Denmark", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962c": " raiders and pirates from Denmark", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad5f": " Gallo-Romance", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad60": " fief of medieval France", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad61": " Gallo-Romance", "56dde0379a695914005b9636": " 9th century)", "56dde0379a695914005b9637": " 9th century)", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad75": " fiefdom, was established by the treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between King Charles III of West Francia", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad76": " fiefdom, was established by the treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad77": " fiefdom, was established by the treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between King Charles III of West Francia", "56dde1d966d3e219004dad8d": " \u00cele-de-France, which were considered \"Frankish\". Earlier Viking settlers had begun arriving in the 880s", "56dde27d9a695914005b9651": "Norman\" culture in the north of France", "56dde27d9a695914005b9652": "Norman\" culture in the north of France", "56dde2fa66d3e219004dad9b": "Norman prince Bohemund I", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9660": " 1017", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9661": " Montecassino", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9662": " 1017", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b595": "The two most prominent Norman families to arrive in the Mediterranean were descendants of Tancred of Hauteville and the Drengot family", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b596": " princely rank by proclaiming prince Guaimar IV of Salerno", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59a": " 1194", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59b": " 1194", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59c": " 1194", "56de0ed14396321400ee2579": " Sicilian populations", "56de0ed14396321400ee257a": " Sicilian populations", "56de0ed14396321400ee257b": " meritocratic bureaucracy of Jews, Muslims and Christians", "56de0f6a4396321400ee257f": " Frenchmen", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258d": " Trebizond and Georgia. They were based at Malatya and Edessa", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258e": " Trebizond and Georgia. They were based at Malatya and Edessa", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258f": " Trebizond and Georgia. They were based at Malatya and Edessa", "56de10b44396321400ee2593": " 1073 to 1074, 8,000 of the 20,000 troops of the Armenian general Philaretus Brachamius were Normans", "56de10b44396321400ee2594": " 1073 to 1074, 8,000 of the 20,000 troops of the Armenian general Philaretus Brachamius were Normans", "56de10b44396321400ee2595": " 1073 to 1074, 8,000 of the 20,000 troops of the Armenian general Philaretus Brachamius were Normans", "56de11154396321400ee25aa": " mercenary origin during the period of the Comnenian Restoration", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bc": " Byzantium. The city's garrison resisted until February 1082", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bd": " Byzantium. The city's garrison resisted until February 1082", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5be": " Byzantium. The city's garrison resisted until February 1082", "56de15104396321400ee25b7": " Byzantines in the city of Deabolis", "56de15104396321400ee25b8": " Bohemond to retreat from his campaign and sign a peace treaty with the Byzantines in the city of Deabolis", "56de15104396321400ee25b9": " Valona and besieged Dyrrachium", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c2": " Norman army invaded Dyrrachium", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c3": " Norman army invaded Dyrrachium", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c4": " 1185", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c8": " 1013, when he was forced from his kingdom by Sweyn Forkbeard", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c9": " 1013, when he was forced from his kingdom by Sweyn Forkbeard", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5ca": " 1013, when he was forced from his kingdom by Sweyn Forkbeard", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5cb": " 1013, when he was forced from his kingdom by Sweyn Forkbeard", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d0": " Harthacnut", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d1": " Harthacnut", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d2": " Harthacnut", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c5": " King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings. The invading Normans and their descendants replaced the Anglo-Saxons", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c6": " 1066, Duke William II of Normandy conquered England", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c7": " King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings. The invading Normans and their descendants replaced the Anglo-Saxons as the ruling class of England", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c8": " King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings. The invading Normans and their descendants replaced the Anglo-Saxons as the ruling class of England", "56de1728cffd8e1900b4b5d7": " Latin language, something that was the subject of some humour by Geoffrey Chaucer", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5da": " 1169", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5db": " 1169", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5dc": " Wexford where the first Norman settlements were established. Other Norman names such as Furlong predominate there", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e0": " Conqueror, Edgar Atheling", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e1": " Conqueror, Edgar Atheling", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e2": " Edgar Atheling", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e3": " Edgar Atheling", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6be": " David I of Scotland, whose elder brother Alexander I had married Sybilla of Normandy, was instrumental in introducing Normans and Norman culture to Scotland", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6bf": " feudal system was applied in varying degrees to most of Scotland", "56de3d594396321400ee26ca": " Hereford", "56de3d594396321400ee26cb": " Norman Conquest of England, the Normans had come into contact with Wales", "56de3d594396321400ee26cc": " Hereford", "56de3dbacffd8e1900b4b6d2": " a long period of slow conquest", "56de3e414396321400ee26d8": " Reconquista in Iberia", "56de3e414396321400ee26d9": " Reconquista in Iberia", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e6": " principality around that city. Tancred was instrumental in the conquest of Jerusalem and he worked for the expansion of the Crusader kingdom in Transjordan", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e7": " principality around that city. Tancred was instrumental in the conquest of Jerusalem and he worked for the expansion of the Crusader kingdom in Transjordan", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e8": " principality around that city. Tancred was instrumental in the conquest of Jerusalem and he worked for the expansion of the Crusader kingdom in Transjordan", "56de3efccffd8e1900b4b6fe": " Third Crusade", "56de3f784396321400ee26fa": " Limassol on Cyprus", "56de3f784396321400ee26fb": " Acre. But a storm dispersed the fleet", "56de3f784396321400ee26fc": " Acre. But a storm dispersed the fleet", "56de3f784396321400ee26fd": " Acre. But a storm dispersed the fleet", "56de40da4396321400ee2708": " Conrad of Montferrat", "56de40da4396321400ee2709": " Acre on 5 June, with his allies. Before his departure, he named two of his Norman generals, Richard de Camville", "56de40da4396321400ee270a": " Conrad of Montferrat", "56de41504396321400ee2714": " 1191", "56de41504396321400ee2715": " 12 May 1191", "56de41504396321400ee2716": " 12 May 1191", "56de48f34396321400ee2770": " Famagusta in 1571", "56de48f34396321400ee2771": " Famagusta in 1571", "56de49564396321400ee277a": " 1402 and 1405, the expedition led by the Norman noble Jean de Bethencourt and the Poitevine Gadifer", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a7": " Maciot de Bethencourt sold the rights to the islands to Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a8": " Maciot de Bethencourt sold the rights to the islands to Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a9": " Maciot de Bethencourt sold the rights to the islands to Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", "56de4a474396321400ee2786": " two judges", "56de4a474396321400ee2787": " two judges", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7bd": " a unique Romanesque idiom to England", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7be": " a unique Romanesque idiom to England and Italy", "56de4b074396321400ee2793": " a unique style known as Norman-Arab architecture within the Kingdom of Sicily", "56de4b074396321400ee2794": " a unique style known as Norman-Arab architecture within the Kingdom of Sicily", "56de4b074396321400ee2795": " a unique style known as Norman-Arab architecture within the Kingdom of Sicily", "56de4b5c4396321400ee2799": " Cluniac reform of monasteries", "56de4b5c4396321400ee279a": " a golden age of illustrated manuscripts", "56de4bb84396321400ee27a2": "The French Wars of Religion in the 16th century and French Revolution", "56de4c324396321400ee27ab": "estry but a work of embroidery. It was commissioned by Odo, the Bishop of Bayeux and first Earl of Kent", "56de4c324396321400ee27ac": "estry but a work of embroidery. It was commissioned by Odo, the Bishop of Bayeux and first Earl of Kent", "56de4c324396321400ee27ad": "estry but a work of embroidery. It was commissioned by Odo, the Bishop of Bayeux and first Earl of Kent", "56de51244396321400ee27ef": " Palermo, the crown is Byzantine in style and the coronation cloak is of Arab craftsmanship", "56de51c64396321400ee27f7": " F\u00e9camp Abbey", "56de51c64396321400ee27f8": " F\u00e9camp, the staff, around which neumes were oriented, was first developed and taught in the 11th century", "56de52614396321400ee27fb": " Latin monastery at Sant'Eufemia", "56de52614396321400ee27fc": " Latin monastery at Sant'Eufemia", "56de52614396321400ee27fd": " Latin monastery at Sant'Eufemia", "56de52614396321400ee27fe": " Latin monastery at Sant'Eufemia", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f6": " 10 July 1856", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f8": " 10 July 1856 \u2013 7 January 1943", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f9": " 10 July 1856", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b7": " 10 July 1856", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b8": " 10 July 1856", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b9": " 7 January 1943", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6bb": " 7 January 1943", "56df9ee138dc421700152108": " AC induction motor and transformer were licensed by George Westinghouse", "56df9ee138dc421700152109": " 1884 to work for Thomas Edison", "56df9ee138dc42170015210a": " AC induction motor and transformer were licensed by George Westinghouse", "56df9ee138dc42170015210b": " AC induction motor and transformer were licensed by George Westinghouse", "56df9ee138dc42170015210c": " AC induction motor and transformer were licensed by George Westinghouse", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c1": " AC induction motor and transformer were licensed by George Westinghouse", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c2": " AC induction motor and transformer were licensed by George Westinghouse", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c3": " AC induction motor and transformer were licensed by George Westinghouse", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c4": " AC induction motor and transformer were licensed by George Westinghouse", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c5": " AC induction motor and transformer were licensed by George Westinghouse", "56dfa01738dc42170015211d": "1893) pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication", "56dfa01738dc42170015211e": "voltage, high-frequency power experiments in New York and Colorado Springs", "56dfa01738dc42170015211f": "1893", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35b": "1893", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35c": " Wardenclyffe Tower project", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35d": "1893) pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35e": " Wardenclyffe Tower project", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb7": " 7 January 1943", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb8": " 7 January 1943", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb9": " 7 January 1943", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebba": " 7 January 1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cb": " 7 January 1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cc": " 7 January 1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cd": " 7 January 1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6ce": " 7 January 1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cf": " 7 January 1943", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc1": " Serb family in the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire (modern-day Croatia", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc2": " 10 July [O.S. 28 June] 1856 into a Serb family in the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc3": " 1856 into a Serb family in the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire (modern-day Croatia", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc4": " Serb family in the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire (modern-day Croatia", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36b": " 10 July [O.S. 28 June] 1856 into a Serb family in the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36c": " 10 July [O.S. 28 June] 1856 into a Serb family in the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36d": " 10 July [O.S. 28 June] 1856 into a Serb family in the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36e": " 10 July [O.S. 28 June] 1856 into a Serb family in the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36f": " 10 July [O.S. 28 June] 1856 into a Serb family in the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire", "56dfa1d34a1a83140091ebd4": " Milka, Angelina and Marica", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd6": " Austrian Empire", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd7": " Austrian Empire", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac375": " Milka, Angelina and Marica", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac376": " Milka, Angelina and Marica", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac377": " Austrian Empire", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac378": " Austrian Empire", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac379": " Austrian Empire", "56dfa24a38dc421700152142": " Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56dfa24a38dc421700152143": " Karlovac, to attend school at the Higher Real Gymnasium, where he was profoundly influenced by a math teacher Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56dfa24a38dc421700152144": " Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56dfa24a38dc421700152145": " Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56dfa24a38dc421700152146": " Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d5": " Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d6": " Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d7": " Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d8": " Karlovac, to attend school at the Higher Real Gymnasium, where he was profoundly influenced by a math teacher Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d9": " Karlovac, to attend school at the Higher Real Gymnasium, where he was profoundly influenced by a math teacher Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf2": " 1873, Tesla returned to his birthtown, Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf3": "olera; he was bedridden for nine months and was near death", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf4": " Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera; he was bedridden for nine months and was near death", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf5": " Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera; he was bedridden for nine months and was near death", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf6": " Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera; he was bedridden for nine months and was near death", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6df": " 1873, Tesla returned to his birthtown, Smiljan", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e0": " 1873, Tesla returned to his birthtown, Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e1": " Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera; he was bedridden for nine months and was near death", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e2": " 1873, Tesla returned to his birthtown, Smiljan", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e3": " Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera; he was bedridden for nine months and was near death", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfc": " Smiljan by running away to Tomingaj, near Gra\u010dac. There, he explored the mountains in hunter's garb", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfd": " Mark Twain's works had helped him to miraculously recover from his earlier illness", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfe": " Smiljan by running away to Tomingaj, near Gra\u010dac. There, he explored the mountains in hunter's garb", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebff": " 1874, Tesla evaded being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ec00": " Smiljan by running away to Tomingaj, near Gra\u010dac. There, he explored the mountains in hunter's garb", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac389": " Mark Twain's works had helped him to miraculously recover from his earlier illness", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38a": " Smiljan by running away to Tomingaj, near Gra\u010dac. There, he explored the mountains in hunter's garb", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38b": " Smiljan by running away to Tomingaj, near Gra\u010dac. There, he explored the mountains in hunter's garb", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38c": " Mark Twain's works had helped him to miraculously recover from his earlier illness", "56dfa3c338dc421700152154": " 1875, Tesla enrolled at Austrian Polytechnic in Graz, Austria", "56dfa3c338dc421700152155": " Austrian Polytechnic in Graz, Austria", "56dfa3c338dc421700152156": " 1875, Tesla enrolled at Austrian Polytechnic in Graz, Austria, on a Military Frontier scholarship", "56dfa3c338dc421700152157": " 1875, Tesla enrolled at Austrian Polytechnic in Graz, Austria", "56dfa3c338dc421700152158": " Austrian Polytechnic in Graz, Austria", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ab": " 1875, Tesla enrolled at Austrian Polytechnic in Graz, Austria", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ac": " 1875, Tesla enrolled at Austrian Polytechnic in Graz, Austria", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ad": " 1875, Tesla enrolled at Austrian Polytechnic in Graz, Austria, on a Military Frontier scholarship", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ae": " 1875, Tesla enrolled at Austrian Polytechnic in Graz, Austria", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3af": " 1875, Tesla enrolled at Austrian Polytechnic in Graz, Austria", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfa9": " Mur River. Tesla went to Maribor (now in Slovenia", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfaa": " Mur River. Tesla went to Maribor (now in Slovenia", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfab": " Mur River. Tesla went to Maribor (now in Slovenia", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfac": " Mur River. Tesla went to Maribor (now in Slovenia", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfad": " Mur River. Tesla went to Maribor (now in Slovenia", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e717": " Mur River. Tesla went to Maribor (now in Slovenia", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e718": " Mur River. Tesla went to Maribor (now in Slovenia", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e719": " Mur River. Tesla went to Maribor (now in Slovenia", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71a": " Mur River. Tesla went to Maribor (now in Slovenia", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71b": " Mur River. Tesla went to Maribor (now in Slovenia", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbd": " 24 March 1879, Tesla was returned to Gospi\u0107", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbe": " 24 March 1879, Tesla was returned to Gospi\u0107", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbf": " a large class of students in his old school, Higher Real Gymnasium, in Gospi\u0107", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc0": " a stroke). During that year, Tesla taught a large class of students in his old school, Higher Real Gymnasium, in Gospi\u0107", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc1": " a large class of students in his old school, Higher Real Gymnasium, in Gospi\u0107", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3bf": " a stroke). During that year, Tesla taught a large class of students in his old school, Higher Real Gymnasium, in Gospi\u0107", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c0": " 24 March 1879, Tesla was returned to Gospi\u0107", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c1": " a large class of students in his old school, Higher Real Gymnasium, in Gospi\u0107", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c2": " a large class of students in his old school, Higher Real Gymnasium, in Gospi\u0107", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5b": " a required subject; and he was illiterate in Czech, another required subject", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5c": " a required subject; and he was illiterate", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5e": " a required subject; and he was illiterate in Czech, another required subject", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5f": " a required subject; and he was illiterate in Czech, another required subject", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c7": " a required subject; and he was illiterate in Czech, another required subject", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c8": " a required subject; and he was illiterate in Czech, another required subject", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c9": " a required subject; and he was illiterate in Czech, another required subject", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3ca": " a required subject; and he was illiterate in Czech, another required subject", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc7": " draftsman in the Central Telegraph Office", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc8": " draftsman in the Central Telegraph Office", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc9": " draftsman in the Central Telegraph Office", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfca": " draftsman in the Central Telegraph Office", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfcb": " draftsman in the Central Telegraph Office", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fc": " 1881, Tesla moved to Budapest to work under Ferenc Pusk\u00e1s", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fd": " draftsman in the Central Telegraph Office", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fe": " draftsman in the Central Telegraph Office", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3ff": " draftsman in the Central Telegraph Office", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc83": " 1882, Tesla began working for the Continental Edison Company in France, designing and making improvements to electrical equipment", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc84": " 1884, he relocated to New York City:57\u201360 where he was hired by Thomas Edison", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc85": " 1884, he relocated to New York City:57\u201360 where he was hired by Thomas Edison", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc86": " Continental Edison Company in France, designing and making improvements to electrical equipment", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc87": " 1882, Tesla began working for the Continental Edison Company in France", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e769": " 1882, Tesla began working for the Continental Edison Company in France, designing and making improvements to electrical equipment", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76a": " 1882, Tesla began working for the Continental Edison Company in France", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76b": " 1882, Tesla began working for the Continental Edison Company in France, designing and making improvements to electrical equipment", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76c": " 1884, he relocated to New York City:57\u201360 where he was hired by Thomas Edison", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76d": " 1882, Tesla began working for the Continental Edison Company in France", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00d": "$18 per week salary", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00e": "$18 per week salary", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e010": "$18 per week salary", "56e0d6367aa994140058e773": "$18 per week salary", "56e0d6367aa994140058e774": "$18 per week salary", "56e0d6367aa994140058e775": "$18 per week salary", "56dfb5777aa994140058e021": " electric lighting company in Tesla's name", "56dfb5777aa994140058e022": " arc light based illumination systems", "56dfb5777aa994140058e023": " electric lighting company in Tesla's name, Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing", "56dfb5777aa994140058e024": " electric lighting company in Tesla's name, Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing", "56dfb5777aa994140058e025": " arc light based illumination systems designed by Tesla and also had designs for dynamo electric machine commutators", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac420": " Electric Light & Manufacturing", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac421": " Electric Light & Manufacturing", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac422": " arc light based illumination systems designed by Tesla and also had designs for dynamo electric machine commutators", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac423": " electric lighting company in Tesla's name, Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac424": " arc light based illumination systems", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb5": " $2 per day. Tesla considered the winter of 1886", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb6": " $2 per day. Tesla considered the winter of 1886", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb8": " $2 per day. Tesla considered the winter of 1886", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb9": " $2 per day. Tesla considered the winter of 1886", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42b": " $2 per day. Tesla considered the winter of 1886", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42c": " $2 per day. Tesla considered the winter of 1886", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42d": " $2 per day. Tesla considered the winter of 1886", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc0": " S. Brown", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc1": " Liberty Street in Manhattan where he worked on improving and developing new types of electric motors, generators and other devices", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc2": " Electric Company", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc3": " Electric Company", "56e0d810231d4119001ac432": " Western Union superintendent, and New York attorney Charles F. Peck. The two men were experienced in setting up companies and promoting inventions and patents", "56e0d810231d4119001ac433": " S. Brown", "56e0d810231d4119001ac434": " Electric Company", "56e0d810231d4119001ac435": " Electric Company", "56e0d810231d4119001ac436": " Electric Company", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e053": " 1882). This innovative electric motor, patented in May 1888", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e054": " 1882). This innovative electric motor, patented in May 1888", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e055": " 1882). This innovative electric motor, patented in May 1888", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e056": " 1882). This innovative electric motor, patented in May 1888", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e057": " 1882). This innovative electric motor, patented in May 1888", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43c": " 1882). This innovative electric motor, patented in May 1888", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43d": " 1882). This innovative electric motor, patented in May 1888", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43e": " 1882). This innovative electric motor, patented in May 1888", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43f": " 1882). This innovative electric motor, patented in May 1888", "56e057e1231d4119001ac043": " AC motor and related power system", "56e057e1231d4119001ac044": " AC motor and related power system", "56e057e1231d4119001ac045": " AC motor and related power system", "56e057e1231d4119001ac046": " AC motor and related power system", "56e057e1231d4119001ac047": " AC motor and related power system", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e779": " AC motor and related power system", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77a": " Westinghouse looked into getting a patent on a similar commutator-less, rotating magnetic field-based induction motor", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77b": " AC motor and related power system", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77c": " AC motor and related power system", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77d": " AC motor and related power system", "56e05900231d4119001ac04d": " $60,000 in cash and stock and a royalty of $2.50 per AC horsepower", "56e05900231d4119001ac04e": " $60,000 in cash and stock and a royalty of $2.50 per AC horsepower", "56e05900231d4119001ac04f": " $60,000 in cash and stock and a royalty of $2.50 per AC horsepower", "56e05900231d4119001ac051": " $60,000 in cash and stock and a royalty of $2.50 per AC horsepower", "56e0dc667aa994140058e783": " $60,000 in cash and stock and a royalty of $2.50 per AC horsepower", "56e0dc667aa994140058e784": " $60,000 in cash and stock and a royalty of $2.50 per AC horsepower", "56e0dc667aa994140058e785": " $60,000 in cash and stock and a royalty of $2.50 per AC horsepower", "56e0dc667aa994140058e786": " $60,000 in cash and stock and a royalty of $2.50 per AC horsepower", "56e059c8231d4119001ac057": " AC power. Between them, they settled on a 60-cycle AC current system", "56e059c8231d4119001ac058": " AC power. Between them, they settled on a 60-cycle AC current system", "56e059c8231d4119001ac059": " AC current system", "56e059c8231d4119001ac05a": " AC current system", "56e0e518231d4119001ac444": " AC current system", "56e0e518231d4119001ac445": " AC power. Between them, they settled on a 60-cycle AC current system", "56e05a78231d4119001ac062": "AC\" side of the so-called \"War of Currents,\" an electrical distribution battle being waged between Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse", "56e05a78231d4119001ac063": "AC\" side of the so-called \"War of Currents,\" an electrical distribution battle being waged between Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse", "56e05a78231d4119001ac064": " motor had to be put on hold for a while. The competition resulted in Edison Machine Works pursuing AC development in 1890", "56e05a78231d4119001ac065": " motor had to be put on hold for a while. The competition resulted in Edison Machine Works pursuing AC development in 1890", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78b": " motor had to be put on hold for a while. The competition resulted in Edison Machine Works pursuing AC development in 1890", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78c": " AC system in 1886", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78d": " motor had to be put on hold for a while. The competition resulted in Edison Machine Works pursuing AC development in 1890", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78e": " motor had to be put on hold for a while. The competition resulted in Edison Machine Works pursuing AC development in 1890", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78f": " AC system in 1886", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cd": " AC power, as Westinghouse demonstrated the safety, reliability, and efficiency of a fully integrated alternating current system", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1ce": " Exposition in Chicago", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cf": " AC power, as Westinghouse demonstrated the safety, reliability, and efficiency of a fully integrated alternating current system", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d0": " AC power, as Westinghouse demonstrated the safety, reliability, and efficiency of a fully integrated alternating current system", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d1": " AC power, as Westinghouse demonstrated the safety, reliability, and efficiency of a fully integrated alternating current system", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d5": " Exposition in Chicago", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d6": " AC power, as Westinghouse demonstrated the safety, reliability, and efficiency of a fully integrated alternating current system", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d7": " Exposition in Chicago", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d8": " AC power, as Westinghouse demonstrated the safety, reliability, and efficiency of a fully integrated alternating current system", "56e0812c231d4119001ac213": " Cataract Construction Company", "56e0812c231d4119001ac214": " Exposition, a contract for building a two-phase AC generating system at the Niagara Falls was awarded to Westinghouse", "56e0812c231d4119001ac215": " Exposition, a contract for building a two-phase AC generating system at the Niagara Falls was awarded to Westinghouse", "56e0812c231d4119001ac216": " Exposition, a contract for building a two-phase AC generating system at the Niagara Falls was awarded to Westinghouse", "56e0812c231d4119001ac217": " Exposition, a contract for building a two-phase AC generating system at the Niagara Falls was awarded to Westinghouse", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac459": " Exposition, a contract for building a two-phase AC generating system at the Niagara Falls was awarded to Westinghouse", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45a": " Exposition, a contract for building a two-phase AC generating system at the Niagara Falls was awarded to Westinghouse", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45b": " Exposition, a contract for building a two-phase AC generating system at the Niagara Falls was awarded to Westinghouse", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45c": "phased system would be the most reliable and that there was a Westinghouse system to light incandescent bulbs", "56e089ab231d4119001ac285": " $216,000", "56e089ab231d4119001ac287": " $216,000", "56e089ab231d4119001ac288": " $200,000 in licenses and royalties", "56e089ab231d4119001ac289": " $216,000", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac462": " $216,000", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac463": " $216,000", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac464": " $216,000", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5da": " 1891, at the age of 35, Tesla became a naturalized citizen of the United States", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5db": " 30 July 1891, at the age of 35, Tesla became a naturalized citizen of the United States", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dc": " 30 July 1891, at the age of 35, Tesla became a naturalized citizen of the United States", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dd": " 30 July 1891, at the age of 35, Tesla became a naturalized citizen of the United States", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac468": " 30 July 1891, at the age of 35, Tesla became a naturalized citizen of the United States", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac469": " 30 July 1891, at the age of 35, Tesla became a naturalized citizen of the United States", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46a": " 1891, at the age of 35, Tesla became a naturalized citizen of the United States", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46b": " 30 July 1891, at the age of 35, Tesla became a naturalized citizen of the United States", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac299": " 1892 to 1894", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29a": " 1892 to 1894", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29d": " 1892 to 1894", "56e0f019231d4119001ac470": " 1892 to 1894", "56e0f019231d4119001ac471": " 1892 to 1894", "56e0f019231d4119001ac472": " 1892 to 1894", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a4": " $50,000\u2014was lost in the 5th Avenue laboratory fire of March 1895", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a5": " $50,000\u2014was lost in the 5th Avenue laboratory fire of March 1895", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a6": " Wilhelm R\u00f6ntgen's December 1895 announcement of the discovery of x-rays\u2014", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a7": " Wilhelm R\u00f6ntgen's December 1895 announcement of the discovery of x-rays", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c8": " $50,000\u2014was lost in the 5th Avenue laboratory fire of March 1895", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c9": " $50,000\u2014was lost in the 5th Avenue laboratory fire of March 1895", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4ca": " $50,000\u2014was lost in the 5th Avenue laboratory fire of March 1895", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cb": " Wilhelm R\u00f6ntgen's December 1895 announcement of the discovery of x-rays", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cc": " Wilhelm R\u00f6ntgen's December 1895 announcement of the discovery of x-rays", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ad": " Wilhelm R\u00f6ntgen's discovery of X-ray and X-ray imaging", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ae": " Wilhelm R\u00f6ntgen's discovery of X-ray and X-ray imaging (radiography", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2af": " Wilhelm R\u00f6ntgen's discovery of X-ray and X-ray imaging (radiography", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b0": " Wilhelm R\u00f6ntgen's discovery of X-ray and X-ray imaging (radiography", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b1": " Wilhelm R\u00f6ntgen's discovery of X-ray and X-ray imaging", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d4": " Wilhelm R\u00f6ntgen's discovery of X-ray and X-ray imaging", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d5": " Wilhelm R\u00f6ntgen's discovery of X-ray and X-ray imaging", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d6": " Wilhelm R\u00f6ntgen's discovery of X-ray and X-ray imaging", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b7": " a lesser extent, by nitrous acid. Tesla incorrectly believed that X-rays were longitudinal waves, such as those produced in waves in plasmas", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b8": " a lesser extent, by nitrous acid. Tesla incorrectly believed that X-rays were longitudinal waves, such as those produced in waves in plasmas", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b9": " circuit and single-node X-", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2ba": " a lesser extent, by nitrous acid. Tesla incorrectly believed that X-rays were longitudinal waves, such as those produced in waves in plasmas", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2bb": " a lesser extent, by nitrous acid. Tesla incorrectly believed that X-rays were longitudinal waves, such as those produced in waves in plasmas", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ee": " a lesser extent, by nitrous acid. Tesla incorrectly believed that X-rays were longitudinal waves, such as those produced in waves in plasmas", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ef": " a lesser extent, by nitrous acid. Tesla incorrectly believed that X-rays were longitudinal waves, such as those produced in waves in plasmas", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f0": " a lesser extent, by nitrous acid. Tesla incorrectly believed that X-rays were longitudinal waves, such as those produced in waves in plasmas", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f1": " a lesser extent, by nitrous acid. Tesla incorrectly believed that X-rays were longitudinal waves, such as those produced in waves in plasmas", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e795": " Benjamin Lamme had made great progress developing an efficient version of Tesla's induction motor", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e796": " Westinghouse engineer Benjamin Lamme had made great progress developing an efficient version of Tesla's induction motor", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e797": " Benjamin Lamme had made great progress developing an efficient version of Tesla's induction motor", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7dd": " copper egg stand on end using a device he constructed known as the Egg of Columbus", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7e0": " copper egg stand on end using a device he constructed known as the Egg of Columbus", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e859": " particle would break off the cathode", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85a": " event that would occasionally take place while experimenting with his single-electrode vacuum tubes", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85b": " 11 July 1934, the New York Herald Tribune", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85c": " Herald Tribune published an article on Tesla, in which he recalled an event that would occasionally take place while experimenting with his single-electrode vacuum tubes", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac525": " Franklin Institute", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac526": " Franklin Institute", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac527": " Franklin Institute", "56e0fb887aa994140058e869": " Commercial Club in Chicago, while he was travelling to Colorado Springs, on 13 May 1899", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86a": " Commercial Club in Chicago, while he was travelling to Colorado Springs, on 13 May 1899", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86b": " Commercial Club in Chicago, while he was travelling to Colorado Springs, on 13 May 1899", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86c": " Commercial Club in Chicago, while he was travelling to Colorado Springs, on 13 May 1899", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86d": " Commercial Club in Chicago, while he was travelling to Colorado Springs, on 13 May 1899", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e877": "uglielmo Marconi made his famous first-ever transatlantic radio transmission in 1901, Tesla quipped that it was done with 17 Tesla patents", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e878": " a Supreme Court of the United States decision restored the prior patents of Tesla, Oliver Lodge, and John Stone", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e879": " a Supreme Court of the United States decision restored the prior patents of Tesla, Oliver Lodge, and John Stone", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87a": "uglielmo Marconi made his famous first-ever transatlantic radio transmission in 1901, Tesla quipped that it was done with 17 Tesla patents", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87b": "uglielmo Marconi made his famous first-ever transatlantic radio transmission in 1901, Tesla quipped that it was done with 17 Tesla patents", "56e0fd167aa994140058e881": " 17 May 1899, Tesla moved to Colorado Springs", "56e0fd167aa994140058e882": " 17 May 1899, Tesla moved to Colorado Springs", "56e0fd167aa994140058e883": " 17 May 1899, Tesla moved to Colorado Springs", "56e0fd167aa994140058e884": " 17 May 1899, Tesla moved to Colorado Springs", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ea": " atmospheric electricity, observing lightning signals via his receivers. He stated that he observed stationary waves", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673eb": "Tesla investigated atmospheric electricity, observing lightning signals via his receivers. He stated that he observed stationary waves", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ec": "Tesla investigated atmospheric electricity, observing lightning signals via his receivers. He stated that he observed stationary waves", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6a": " Cripple Creek, Colorado", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6b": " 135 feet long. Thunder from the released energy was heard 15 miles away in Cripple Creek, Colorado", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6c": " 135 feet long. Thunder from the released energy was heard 15 miles away in Cripple Creek, Colorado", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6d": " 135 feet long. Thunder from the released energy was heard 15 miles away in Cripple Creek, Colorado", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6e": " 135 feet long. Thunder from the released energy was heard 15 miles away in Cripple Creek, Colorado", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fb": " The Electrical Experimenter", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fc": " The Electrical Experimenter", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fd": " The Electrical Experimenter", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fe": " The Electrical Experimenter", "56e10043e3433e1400422a84": " 8 December 1899", "56e10043e3433e1400422a85": " 8 December 1899", "56e10043e3433e1400422a86": " 8 December 1899", "56e10043e3433e1400422a87": " 8 December 1899", "56e10043e3433e1400422a88": " 8 December 1899", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67403": " $100,000 for Tesla to further develop and produce a new lighting system", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67404": " $100,000 for Tesla to further develop and produce a new lighting system", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67405": " $100,000 for Tesla to further develop and produce a new lighting system", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67406": " $100,000 for Tesla to further develop and produce a new lighting system", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740b": " 7 January 1900, Tesla left Colorado Springs", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740c": " 7 January 1900, Tesla left Colorado Springs.[citation needed] His lab was torn down in 1904", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740d": " 7 January 1900, Tesla left Colorado Springs", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740e": " Tesla left Colorado Springs.[citation needed] His lab was torn down in 1904", "56e10179cd28a01900c67413": " Shoreham, Long Island", "56e10179cd28a01900c67414": " Shoreham, Long Island", "56e10179cd28a01900c67415": " Shoreham, Long Island", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8e": " Morgan to ask for more funds to build a more powerful transmitter", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8f": " Morgan to ask for more funds to build a more powerful transmitter", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a91": " Morgan to ask for more funds to build a more powerful transmitter", "56e10296cd28a01900c67423": " Marconi successfully transmitted the letter S from England", "56e10296cd28a01900c67424": " Marconi successfully transmitted the letter S from England", "56e10296cd28a01900c67425": " 187 feet (57 m). In July 1903", "56e10296cd28a01900c67426": " 187 feet (57 m). In July 1903", "56e10325cd28a01900c67435": "150 kilowatts) 16,000 rpm bladeless turbine", "56e10325cd28a01900c67436": "5,000 hp", "56e10325cd28a01900c67437": " in 1906, Tesla demonstrated his 200 horsepower (150 kilowatts) 16,000 rpm bladeless turbine", "56e10325cd28a01900c67438": " 100\u20135,000 hp", "56e10412e3433e1400422aba": " steam-powered mechanical oscillator\u2014Tesla's oscillator", "56e10412e3433e1400422abb": " steam-powered mechanical oscillator", "56e10412e3433e1400422abc": " steam-powered mechanical oscillator\u2014Tesla's oscillator. While experimenting with mechanical oscillators at his Houston Street lab", "56e10412e3433e1400422abd": " steam-powered mechanical oscillator", "56e10412e3433e1400422abe": " steam-powered mechanical oscillator", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae4": " dull students bright by saturating them unconsciously with electricity,\" wiring the walls of a schoolroom", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae5": " dull students bright by saturating them unconsciously with electricity,\" wiring the walls of a schoolroom", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae6": " dull students bright by saturating them unconsciously with electricity,\" wiring the walls of a schoolroom", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae7": " dull students bright by saturating them unconsciously with electricity,\" wiring the walls of a schoolroom", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afa": " $20,000", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afb": " $20,000", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afc": " $20,000", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afd": " $20,000", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afe": " $20,000", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0c": " August 1917 edition of the magazine Electrical Experimenter Tesla postulated that electricity could be used to locate submarines via using the reflection of an \"electric ray\"", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0d": " August 1917 edition of the magazine Electrical Experimenter Tesla postulated that electricity could be used to locate submarines via using the reflection of an \"electric ray\"", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0e": " August 1917 edition of the magazine Electrical Experiment", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0f": " August 1917 edition of the magazine Electrical Experiment", "56e1097dcd28a01900c6748f": " 6 November 1915, a Reuters news agency report from London had the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to Thomas Edison", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67490": " Nikola Tesla", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67491": " 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to Thomas Edison", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67492": " 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to Thomas Edison", "56e10a28cd28a01900c674b1": " $20,000 prize", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b3": " 38 possible bids in 1915 and Tesla did receive one of 38 possible bids in 1937", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b4": " 38 possible bids in 1915 and Tesla did receive one of 38 possible bids in 1937", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b5": " 38 possible bids in 1915 and Tesla did receive one of 38 possible bids in 1937", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b24": " $1,000", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b25": " $1,000", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b26": " $1,000", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b27": " $1,000", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b36": " $125 per month as well as paying his rent at the Hotel New Yorker", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b37": " $125 per month as well as paying his rent at the Hotel New Yorker", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b38": " $125 per month as well as paying his rent at the Hotel New Yorker", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b39": " $125 per month as well as paying his rent at the Hotel New Yorker", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d7": " mineral deposits", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d8": " mineral deposits", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d9": " mineral deposits", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674da": " mineral deposits", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674db": " mineral deposits", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b48": " cathedral and the library", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b49": " pigeons", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4a": " cathedral and the library", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4b": " cathedral and the library", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4c": " pigeons", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674eb": " Van de Graaff generator. The press variably referred to it as a \"peace ray\" or death ray", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ec": " Van de Graaff generator. The press variably referred to it as a \"peace ray\"", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ed": " Van de Graaff generator. The press variably referred to it as a \"peace ray\" or death ray", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ee": " Van de Graaff generator. The press variably referred to it as a \"peace ray\"", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ef": " Van de Graaff generator. The press variably referred to it as a \"peace ray\" or death ray", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5c": " narrow stream of small tungsten pellets", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5d": " narrow stream of small tungsten pellets", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5e": " narrow stream of small tungsten pellets", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5f": " narrow stream of small tungsten pellets", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b60": "sten pellets", "56e10fbacd28a01900c67509": " Nikola Tesla Museum archive in Belgrade", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750a": " Nikola Tesla Museum archive in Belgrade", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750b": " treatise is currently in the Nikola Tesla Museum archive in Belgrade", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750c": " treatise is currently in the Nikola Tesla Museum archive in Belgrade", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750d": " Nikola Tesla Museum archive in Belgrade", "56e11044e3433e1400422b76": " teleforce weapon was all in his mind", "56e11044e3433e1400422b77": " teleforce weapon was all in his mind", "56e11044e3433e1400422b78": " teleforce weapon was all in his mind", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67531": " 7 January 1943, at the age of 86, Tesla died alone in room 3327", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67532": " 7 January 1943, at the age of 86, Tesla died alone in room 3327", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67533": " 7 January 1943, at the age of 86, Tesla died alone in room 3327", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67534": " Funeral Home at Madison Ave. and 81st St. A long-time friend and supporter of Tesla, Hugo Gernsback", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67535": " 7 January 1943, at the age of 86, Tesla died alone in room 3327", "56e11161e3433e1400422b86": " Alien Property (OAP) seal", "56e11161e3433e1400422b87": " Alien Property (OAP) seal", "56e11161e3433e1400422b89": " Alien Property (OAP) seal", "56e11161e3433e1400422b8a": " Alien Property (OAP) seal", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b90": " cremated. The following day, a second service was conducted by prominent priests in the Trinity Chapel (today's Serbian Orthodox Cathedral of Saint Sava", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b91": "ulogy written by Slovene-American author Louis Adamic", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b92": " eulogy written by Slovene-American author Louis Adamic", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b93": " eulogy written by Slovene-American author Louis Adamic", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b94": " eulogy written by Slovene-American author Louis Adamic", "56e1127bcd28a01900c67549": " gold-plated sphere", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754a": " gold-plated sphere", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754b": " gold-plated sphere on a marble pedestal in the Nikola Tesla Museum", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754c": " gold-plated sphere", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754d": " gold-plated sphere", "56e11996e3433e1400422bde": " 26 countries that have been accounted for. Many of Tesla's patents were in the United States, Britain, and Canada", "56e11996e3433e1400422bdf": " 26 countries that have been accounted for. Many of Tesla's patents were in the United States, Britain, and Canada", "56e11996e3433e1400422be0": " 26 countries that have been accounted for. Many of Tesla's patents were in the United States, Britain, and Canada", "56e11996e3433e1400422be1": " 26 countries that have been accounted for. Many of Tesla's patents were in the United States, Britain, and Canada", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b5": " Delmonico's restaurant and later the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b6": " Delmonico's restaurant and later the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b7": " Delmonico's restaurant and later the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b8": " Delmonico's restaurant and later the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf0": " 10 miles per day", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf1": " 8 to 10 miles per day", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf2": " 8 to 10 miles per day", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf3": " Tesla walked between 8 to 10 miles per day. He squished his toes one hundred times for each foot every night", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c7": " newspaper editor Arthur Brisbane, Tesla said that he did not believe in telepathy, stating,", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c8": " newspaper editor Arthur Brisbane, Tesla said that he did not believe in telepathy", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c9": " newspaper editor Arthur Brisbane, Tesla said that he did not believe in telepathy", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d7": " $2,000, including building a device that comfortably supported her so her bones could heal, to fix her broken wing and leg", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d8": " $2,000, including building a device", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d9": " $2,000, including building a device", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675da": " $2,000, including building a device", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675db": " $2,000, including building a device", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c18": " 142 pounds (64 kg), with almost no weight variance from 1888 to about 1926", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c19": " 142 pounds (64 kg), with almost no weight variance from 1888 to about 1926", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1a": " 142 pounds (64 kg), with almost no weight variance from 1888 to about 1926", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1b": "64 kg), with almost no weight variance from 1888 to about 1926", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e7": " eight languages: Serbo-Croatian, Czech, English", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e8": " eight languages: Serbo-Croatian, Czech, English", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e9": " eight languages: Serbo-Croatian, Czech, English", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675ea": " eight languages: Serbo-Croatian, Czech, English", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675eb": " eight languages: Serbo-Croatian, Czech, English", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f1": " Kenneth Swezey", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f2": " Kenneth Swezey", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f3": " Kenneth Swezey", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f4": " Kenneth Swezey", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f5": " Graz, Tesla developed a passion for (and became very proficient at) billiards", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c28": " a reporter, \"Sometimes I feel that by not marrying, I made too great a sacrifice to my work ...\"", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c29": " a reporter, \"Sometimes I feel that by not marrying, I made too great a sacrifice to my work ...\"", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c2a": "33", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2e": " Underwood Johnson", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2f": " Underwood Johnson", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c30": " Underwood Johnson", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c31": " Underwood Johnson", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c32": " Underwood Johnson", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67611": " Francis Marion Crawford, Robert Underwood Johnson, Stanford White, Fritz Lowenstein, George Scherff, and Kenneth Swezey", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67612": " Francis Marion Crawford, Robert Underwood Johnson, Stanford White, Fritz Lowenstein, George Scherff, and Kenneth Swezey", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67613": " Francis Marion Crawford, Robert Underwood Johnson, Stanford White, Fritz Lowenstein, George Scherff, and Kenneth Swezey", "56e12005cd28a01900c67617": " overweight people", "56e12005cd28a01900c67618": " overweight people, such as when he fired a secretary", "56e12005cd28a01900c67619": " overweight people, such as when he fired a secretary", "56e12005cd28a01900c6761a": " overweight people", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c38": " a pre-atomic understanding of physics in his writings; he disagreed with the theory of atoms", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c39": "Tesla exhibited a pre-atomic understanding of physics in his writings; he disagreed with the theory of atoms", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3a": "Tesla exhibited a pre-atomic understanding of physics in his writings; he disagreed with the theory of atoms", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3b": "Tesla exhibited a pre-atomic understanding of physics in his writings; he disagreed with the theory of atoms", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4a": "247 He was also critical of Einstein", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4b": "247 He was also critical of Einstein's theory of relativity", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4c": "247 He was also critical of Einstein's theory of relativity", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c50": " 1892, and in 1937, at age 81, claimed in a letter to have completed a \"dynamic theory of gravity\"", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c51": " 1892, and in 1937, at age 81, claimed in a letter to have completed a \"dynamic theory of gravity\"", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c52": " 1892, and in 1937, at age 81, claimed in a letter to have completed a \"dynamic theory of gravity\"", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c53": " 1892, and in 1937, at age 81, claimed in a letter to have completed a \"dynamic theory of gravity\"", "56e122dacd28a01900c67639": " a 1937 interview", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763a": "Tesla, like many of his era, became a proponent of an imposed selective breeding version of eugenics", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763b": "ugenics", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763c": " a 1937 interview", "56e1239acd28a01900c67641": " social subservience of women and the struggle of women toward gender equality, and indicated that humanity's future would be run by \"Queen Bees", "56e1239acd28a01900c67642": " Tesla commented on the ills of the social subservience of women and the struggle of women toward gender equality", "56e1239acd28a01900c67643": " social subservience of women and the struggle of women toward gender equality", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5e": "20 December 1914", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5f": "20 December 1914", "56e12477e3433e1400422c60": "20 December 1914", "56e12477e3433e1400422c61": "20 December 1914", "56e124f1cd28a01900c6764f": "believer in the orthodox sense,\" and opposed religious fanaticism. Despite this, he had a profound respect for both Buddhism and Christianity", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67650": "believer in the orthodox sense,\" and opposed religious fanaticism. Despite this, he had a profound respect for both Buddhism and Christianity", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67651": "believer in the orthodox sense,\" and opposed religious fanaticism. Despite this, he had a profound respect for both Buddhism and Christianity", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c66": "A Machine to End War\", published in 1937", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c67": "A Machine to End War\", published in 1937", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c68": "A Machine to End War\", published in 1937", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6c": " Nikola Tesla", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6d": " My Inventions: The Autobiography of Nikola Tesla", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6e": " Nikola Tesla", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67655": " Nikola Tesla", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67656": " Nikola Tesla", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67657": " Nikola Tesla", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7c": " a recurring theme in several types", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7d": " a recurring theme in several types", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7e": " a recurring theme", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765b": " 70 pioneers in science and engineering", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765c": " Albert Einstein", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765d": " Albert Einstein", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765e": " Albert Einstein", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765f": " 70 pioneers in science and engineering", "56e16182e3433e1400422e28": " a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science", "56e16182e3433e1400422e29": " a branch of the theory of computation", "56e16182e3433e1400422e2a": " a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science", "56e16839cd28a01900c67887": "A problem is regarded as inherently difficult if its solution requires significant resources, whatever the algorithm used. The theory formalizes this intuition, by introducing mathematical models", "56e16839cd28a01900c67888": "A problem is regarded as inherently difficult if its solution requires significant resources, whatever the algorithm used. The theory formalizes this intuition, by introducing mathematical models", "56e16839cd28a01900c67889": "A problem is regarded as inherently difficult if its solution requires significant resources, whatever the algorithm used. The theory formalizes this intuition, by introducing mathematical models", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788a": " computation", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788b": "A problem is regarded as inherently difficult if its solution requires significant resources, whatever the algorithm used. The theory formalizes this intuition, by introducing mathematical models", "56e17644e3433e1400422f40": " A key distinction between analysis of algorithms and computational complexity theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f41": " A key distinction between analysis of algorithms and computational complexity theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f42": " A key distinction between analysis of algorithms and computational complexity theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f43": " A key distinction between analysis of algorithms and computational complexity theory", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a1": " every instance. The input string for a computational problem is referred to as a problem instance", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a2": " a problem refers to the abstract question to be solved. In contrast, an instance", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a3": " every instance. The input string for a computational problem is referred to as a problem instance", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a4": " every instance. The input string for a computational problem is referred to as a problem instance", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a5": " every instance. The input string for a computational problem is referred to as a problem instance", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f7f": " 10 km", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f80": " 15 largest cities? The quantitative answer to this particular problem instance", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f81": " 10 km", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa0": " bitstrings", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa1": " bitstrings", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa2": " bitstrings", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa3": " a problem instance is a string over an alphabet", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa4": " bitstrings", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc8": "Decision problems are one of the central objects of study in computational complexity theory", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc9": " formal language", "56e190bce3433e1400422fca": " formal language", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcb": " formal language", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcc": " formal language", "56e19557e3433e1400422fee": " binary strings", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff0": " binary strings", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff1": " connected graphs\u2014of course, to obtain a precise definition of this language, one has to decide how graphs are encoded as binary strings", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f6": " decision problem, that is, it isn't just yes or no. Notable examples include the traveling salesman", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f7": " decision problem, that is, it isn't just yes or no. Notable examples include the traveling salesman", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f8": " decision problem, that is, it isn't just yes or no. Notable examples include the traveling salesman problem and the integer factorization problem", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f9": " decision problem, that is, it isn't just yes or no. Notable examples include the traveling salesman problem and the integer factorization problem", "56e19724cd28a01900c679fa": " decision problem, that is, it isn't just yes or no. Notable examples include the traveling salesman", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2e": " decision problems. However, this is not really the case, since function problems can be recast as decision problems", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2f": " triples (a, b, c)", "56e1a38de3433e140042305c": " 2n vertices", "56e1a38de3433e140042305d": " 2n vertices", "56e1a38de3433e140042305e": " 2n vertices", "56e1a38de3433e140042305f": " 2n vertices", "56e1a38de3433e1400423060": " 2n vertices", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a48": " polynomial time algorithm", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a49": " polynomial time algorithm", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4a": " polynomial time algorithm", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4b": " polynomial time algorithm", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4c": " polynomial time algorithm", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423094": " manipulates symbols contained on a strip of tape", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423095": " manipulates symbols contained on a strip of tape", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423097": " manipulates symbols contained on a strip of tape", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423098": " manipulates symbols contained on a strip of tape", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a68": " random bits", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a69": " random bits", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6a": " future actions. A probabilistic Turing machine is a deterministic Turing machine with an extra supply of random bits", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6b": " random bits", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6c": " extra supply of random bits", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309e": " deterministic Turing machines", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309f": " deterministic Turing machines", "56e1b00ce3433e14004230a1": " deterministic Turing machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a72": "tape Turing machines have been proposed in the literature, for example random access machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a73": "ape Turing machines have been proposed in the literature, for example random access machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a74": " machine models different from the standard multi-tape Turing machines have been proposed in the literature, for example random access machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a75": "ape", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b0": "deterministic Turing machine has very little to do with how we physically want to compute algorithms", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b1": "deterministic Turing machine has very little to do with how we physically want to compute algorithms", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b2": "eterministic Turing machine has very little to do with how we physically want to compute algorithms", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b3": "deterministic Turing machine has very little to do with how we physically want to compute algorithms", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa3": " deterministic Turing machine M on input x", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa4": " deterministic Turing machine is used. The time required by a deterministic Turing machine M on input x", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa5": " deterministic Turing machine M on input x", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa6": " deterministic Turing machine", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abc": " Blum complexity axioms. Other complexity measures used in complexity theory include communication complexity, circuit complexity, and decision tree complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abd": " Blum complexity axioms. Other complexity measures used in complexity theory include communication complexity, circuit complexity, and decision tree complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abe": " Blum complexity axioms. Other complexity measures used in complexity theory include communication complexity, circuit complexity, and decision tree complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abf": " Blum complexity axioms. Other complexity measures used in complexity theory include communication complexity, circuit complexity, and decision tree complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67ac0": " Blum complexity axioms. Other complexity measures used in complexity theory include communication complexity, circuit complexity, and decision tree complexity", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e6": " three different ways of measuring the time complexity (or any other complexity measure) of different inputs", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e7": " three different ways of measuring the time complexity (or any other complexity measure) of different inputs", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e8": " three different ways of measuring the time complexity (or any other complexity measure) of different inputs", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e9": " three different ways of measuring the time complexity (or any other complexity measure) of different inputs", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae0": " deterministic sorting algorithm quicksort", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae1": " deterministic sorting algorithm quicksort", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae2": " list of integers that is given as the input. The worst-case is when the input is sorted or sorted in reverse order, and the algorithm", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423104": " a particular algorithm falls under the field of analysis of algorithms. To show an upper bound T(n) on the time complexity of a problem", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423105": " a particular algorithm falls under the field of analysis of algorithms. To show an upper bound T(n)", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423106": " upper and lower bounds on the minimum amount of time required by the most efficient algorithm", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423107": " upper and lower bounds on the minimum amount of time required by the most efficient algorithm solving a given problem. The complexity of an algorithm", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423108": " upper and lower bounds on the minimum amount of time required by the most efficient algorithm solving a given problem. The complexity of an algorithm", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afc": "Upper and lower bounds are usually stated using the big O notation, which hides constant factors", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afd": "pper and lower bounds are usually stated using the big O notation, which hides constant factors", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afe": "pper and lower bounds are usually stated using the big O notation, which hides constant factors and smaller terms", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67aff": " T(n) = 7n2 + 15n + 40, in big O notation one would write T(n) = O(", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2c": " a typical complexity class has a definition", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2d": " a definition", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2e": " a typical complexity class has a definition", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423134": "tape Turing machine", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423135": "tape Turing machine, but necessarily requires quadratic time in the model of single-tape Turing machines", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423136": " bounding the computation time above by some concrete function f(n) often yields complexity classes that depend on the chosen machine model", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423137": "tape Turing machine", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423138": " bounding the computation time above by some concrete function f(n) often yields complexity classes that depend on the chosen machine model", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423148": " bounding the time or space used by the algorithm", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423149": " bounding the time or space used by the algorithm", "56e1c3e1e3433e140042314a": " bounding the time or space used by the algorithm", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314e": " NC, which are defined using Boolean circuits; and BQP and QMA", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314f": " AC and NC, which are defined using Boolean circuits; and BQP and QMA", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423150": " NC, which are defined using Boolean circuits; and BQP and QMA, which are defined using quantum Turing machines", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423151": " BPP, ZPP and RP, which are defined using probabilistic Turing machines", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423152": " AC and NC, which are defined using Boolean circuits; and BQP and QMA", "56e1c720e3433e140042316a": " DTIME(n) is contained in DTIME(n2", "56e1c720e3433e140042316b": " a proper hierarchy on the classes defined by constraining the respective resources", "56e1c720e3433e140042316c": " a proper hierarchy on the classes defined by constraining the respective resources", "56e1c720e3433e140042316d": " a proper hierarchy on the classes defined by constraining the respective resources", "56e1c720e3433e140042316e": " DTIME(n) is contained in DTIME(n2", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b74": " EXPTIME, and the space hierarchy theorem tells us that L is strictly contained in PSPACE", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b75": " EXPTIME, and the space hierarchy theorem tells us that L is strictly contained in PSPACE", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b76": " EXPTIME, and the space hierarchy theorem tells us that L is strictly contained in PSPACE", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423192": " informal notion of a problem being at least as difficult as another problem", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423193": " informal notion of a problem", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423194": " informal notion of a problem being at least as difficult as another problem", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423195": " informal notion of a problem", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423196": " informal notion of a problem", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bac": " polynomial-time reduction", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bad": " squaring an integer can be reduced to the problem of multiplying two integers. This means an algorithm for multiplying two integers can be used to square an integer", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bae": " a polynomial-time reduction", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67baf": " polynomial-time reduction", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bb0": " a polynomial-time reduction", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a4": " X. Thus no problem in C is harder than X", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a5": " X", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a6": " X. Thus no problem in C is harder than X", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a8": " X. Thus no problem in C is harder than X", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cb": " \u03a01 would yield a polynomial-time solution to \u03a02", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cc": " polynomial time would mean that P = NP", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cd": " polynomial time would mean that P = NP", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231ce": " polynomial time would mean that P = NP", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bca": " mathematical abstraction modeling those computational tasks that admit an efficient algorithm. This hypothesis is called the Cobham\u2013Edmonds thesis", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcb": "ham\u2013Edmonds thesis", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcc": " algorithm. This hypothesis is called the Cobham\u2013Edmonds thesis", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcd": " algorithm. This hypothesis is called the Cobham\u2013Edmonds thesis", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bce": " Cobham\u2013Edmonds thesis", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d5": " formal proofs of pure mathematics", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d6": " formal proofs of pure mathematics", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d8": " formal proofs of pure mathematics theorems. The P versus NP problem is one of the Millennium Prize Problems", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd4": " NP-intermediate problems", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd5": " NP that are neither in P nor NP-complete. Such problems are called NP-intermediate problems", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd6": " NP-intermediate problems", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fc": " computational problem of determining whether two finite graphs are isomorphic. An important unsolved problem in complexity theory", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fd": "lynomial hierarchy does not collapse to any finite level, it is believed that graph isomorphism is not NP-complete", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fe": " vertices", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231ff": " vertices", "56e1e9dfe3433e1400423200": "lynomial hierarchy does not collapse to any finite level, it is believed that graph isomorphism is not NP-complete", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0a": " No efficient integer factorization algorithm is known, and this fact forms the basis of several modern cryptographic systems", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0b": " n-bit integer. However, the best known quantum algorithm for this problem, Shor's algorithm", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0c": " No efficient integer factorization algorithm is known, and this fact forms the basis of several modern cryptographic systems", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0e": " Shor's algorithm", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423210": " a major breakthrough in complexity theory", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423211": " a major breakthrough in complexity theory", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423212": " a major breakthrough in complexity theory", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423214": " a major breakthrough in complexity theory", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321a": " complement problems (i.e. problems with the yes/no answers reversed) of NP problems", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321b": " complement problems (i.e. problems with the yes/no answers reversed) of NP problems", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321c": " complement problems (i.e. problems with the yes/no answers reversed) of NP problems", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321d": " complement problems (i.e. problems with the yes/no answers reversed) of NP problems", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423222": " complexity classes between the two, such as NL and NC", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423223": " logarithmic space) is strictly contained in P or equal to P. Again, there are many complexity classes between the two, such as NL", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423224": " logarithmic space) is strictly contained in P or equal to P", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423225": " logarithmic space) is strictly contained in P or equal to P", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423226": " logarithmic space) is strictly contained in P or equal to P", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322c": " intractable in this sense include those that are EXPTIME", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322f": " intractable for more than the smallest inputs", "56e1fc57e3433e1400423230": " intractable for more than the smallest inputs", "56e1febfe3433e1400423236": " Presburger arithmetic has been shown not to be in P, yet algorithms have been written that solve the problem in reasonable times in most cases", "56e1febfe3433e1400423237": " NP-complete knapsack problem over a wide range of sizes", "56e1febfe3433e1400423238": " Presburger arithmetic has been shown not to be in P, yet algorithms have been written that solve the problem in reasonable times in most cases", "56e1febfe3433e1400423239": " Presburger arithmetic has been shown not to be in P, yet algorithms have been written that solve the problem in reasonable times in most cases", "56e1febfe3433e140042323a": " Presburger arithmetic has been shown not to be in P, yet algorithms have been written that solve the problem in reasonable times in most cases", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c14": " Turing machines by Alan Turing", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c15": " Turing machines by Alan Turing", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c16": " Turing machines by Alan Turing", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c17": " 1936", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c18": " Alan Turing", "56e202e9e3433e1400423240": " Juris Hartman", "56e202e9e3433e1400423241": " Juris Hartman", "56e202e9e3433e1400423242": " Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns", "56e202e9e3433e1400423243": " Juris Hartman", "56e202e9e3433e1400423244": " Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1e": " Turing machines with specific bounded resources include John Myhill's definition of linear bounded automata", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1f": "1961), as well as Hisao Yamada's paper on real-time computations", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c20": " Turing machines with specific bounded resources include John Myhill's definition of linear bounded automata", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c24": " proofs of complexity-theoretic theorems regularly assume some concrete choice of input encoding", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c25": " concrete choice of input encoding", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324a": " Manuel Blum developed an axiomatic complexity theory", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324b": " 21 diverse combinatorial and graph theoretical problems, each infamous for its computational intractability, are NP-complete", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324d": " 21 diverse combinatorial and graph theoretical problems, each infamous for its computational intractability, are NP-complete", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324e": " 21 diverse combinatorial and graph theoretical problems, each infamous for its computational intractability, are NP-complete", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f23": " a lesson plan to facilitate student learning, providing a course of study which is called the curriculum", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f24": " a lesson plan to facilitate student learning, providing a course of study which is called the curriculum", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f25": " lesson plan to facilitate student learning, providing a course of study which is called the curriculum", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f26": " a lesson plan to facilitate student learning", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f27": " school or other place of formal education", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f37": " craftsmanship or vocational training", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f38": "A teacher's role may vary among cultures. Teachers may provide instruction in literacy and numeracy, craftsmanship or vocational training, the arts, religion", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f39": " craftsmanship or vocational training, the arts, religion", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f3a": "A teacher's role may vary among cultures. Teachers may provide instruction in literacy and numeracy, craftsmanship or vocational training, the arts, religion", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f51": " formal education can take place through home schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f52": " home schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f53": " formal education can take place through home schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f54": " home schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f55": " home schooling", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f65": " gurus, mullahs, rabbis, pastors/youth pastors and lamas", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f66": " gurus, mullahs, rabbis, pastors", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f67": " gurus, mullahs, rabbis, pastors/youth pastors", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f68": "igious and spiritual teachers, such as gurus, mullahs, rabbis, pastors/youth pastors and lamas", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e33": "Teaching may be carried out informally, within the family, which is called homeschooling", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e34": "Teaching may be carried out informally, within the family, which is called homeschool", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e35": "Teaching may be carried out informally, within the family, which is called homeschooling", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e36": "Teaching may be carried out informally, within the family, which is called homeschooling", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e37": "Teaching may be carried out informally, within the family, which is called homeschooling", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6e": " school functions, and serve as supervisors for extracurricular activities", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6f": " professional duties may extend beyond formal teaching. Outside of the classroom teachers may accompany students on field trips", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f70": " professional duties may extend beyond formal teaching. Outside of the classroom teachers may accompany students on field trips", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f71": " school functions, and serve as supervisors for extracurricular activities", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f76": " certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f77": " certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f78": " certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f79": " certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f7a": " public interest through certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f94": " Public Instruction", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f95": " Public Instruction", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f96": " Public Instruction", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f97": " Public Instruction", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f98": " Public Instruction", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5b": " school or academy or perhaps in another environment such as outdoors. A teacher who teaches on an individual basis may be described as a tutor", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5c": " school or academy", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5d": " education, teachers facilitate student learning, often in a school or academy", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5e": " school or academy or perhaps in another environment such as outdoors. A teacher who teaches on an individual basis may be described as a tutor", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa8": " a course of study and lesson plan that teaches skills, knowledge and/or thinking skills. Different ways to teach are often referred to as pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa9": " Different ways to teach are often referred to as pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76faa": " a course of study and lesson plan that teaches skills, knowledge and/or thinking skills. Different ways to teach are often referred to as pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fab": " Different ways to teach are often referred to as pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fac": " Different ways to teach are often referred to as pedagogy", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e6f": " standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages, from infants to adults", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e70": " standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages, from infants to adults", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e71": " standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages, from infants to adults", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e72": " standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages, from infants to adults", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e73": " standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages, from infants to adults", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbc": " a teacher assesses the pedagogic diversity of his/her students", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbd": " a teacher assesses the pedagogic diversity of his/her students", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbe": " a teacher assesses the pedagogic diversity of his/her students", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbf": " a teacher assesses the pedagogic diversity of his/her students", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fc0": " a teacher assesses the pedagogic diversity of his/her students", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc6": " ten or more different teachers. The relationship between children and their teachers tends to be closer in the primary school where they act as form tutor, specialist teacher", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc7": " ten or more different teachers. The relationship between children and their teachers tends to be closer in the primary school where they act as form tutor", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc8": " ten or more different teachers. The relationship between children and their teachers tends to be closer in the primary school where they act as form tutor, specialist teacher", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc9": " ten or more different teachers. The relationship between children and their teachers tends to be closer in the primary school where they act as form tutor", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fca": " ten or more different teachers. The relationship between children and their teachers tends to be closer in the primary school where they act as form tutor", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8b": " a strong sense of security by staying with the same group of peers", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8c": " a strong sense of security by staying with the same group of peers", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8d": " a strong sense of security by staying with the same group of peers", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8e": " a strong sense of security by staying with the same group of peers", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8f": "platoon\" system", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e95": " two or more teachers working harmoniously to fulfill the needs of every student in the classroom", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e96": " two or more teachers working harmoniously to fulfill the needs of every student in the classroom", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e97": " two or more teachers working harmoniously to fulfill the needs of every student in the classroom", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e98": " two or more teachers working harmoniously to fulfill the needs of every student in the classroom", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e99": " two or more teachers working harmoniously to fulfill the needs of every student in the classroom", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ea9": "al punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eaa": "al punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eab": " corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eac": " school discipline was corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ead": "al punishment", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb3": " school discipline throughout much of the world. Most Western countries, and some others, have now banned it, but it remains lawful in the United States", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb4": " school discipline throughout much of the world. Most Western countries, and some others, have now banned it, but it remains lawful in the United States", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb5": " school discipline throughout much of the world. Most Western countries, and some others, have now banned it, but it remains lawful in the United States", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb6": " school discipline throughout much of the world. Most Western countries, and some others, have now banned it, but it remains lawful in the United States", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb7": " school discipline throughout much of the world. Most Western countries, and some others, have now banned it, but it remains lawful in the United States", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fec": " public schools in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fed": " public schools in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fee": " public schools in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fef": " public schools in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76ff0": " public schools in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77000": " corporal punishment, often by caning, remains commonplace in schools in some Asian, African and Caribbean countries", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77001": "Official corporal punishment, often by caning, remains commonplace in schools in some Asian, African and Caribbean countries", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77002": " School corporal punishment", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec7": "school day, e.g. \"Saturday detention\"", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec8": "school day, e.g. \"Saturday detention\"", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec9": " a punishment essay", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3eca": "school day, e.g. \"Saturday detention\"", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ecb": "school day, e.g. \"Saturday detention\"", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed1": " school discipline in North America", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed2": " school discipline in North America and Western Europe relies upon the idea of an assertive teacher", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed3": " school discipline in North America and Western Europe relies upon the idea of an assertive teacher", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed4": " school discipline in North America", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed5": " school discipline in North America and Western Europe", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef5": " strict discipline with high standards of education", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef6": " strict discipline with high standards of education", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef7": " strict discipline with high standards of education", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef8": " strict discipline with high standards of education", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702c": " East Asian classrooms or that the educational goals in these countries are commensurable with those in Western countries", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702d": " East Asian classrooms or that the educational goals in these countries are commensurable with those in Western countries", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702e": " East Asian classrooms or that the educational goals in these countries are commensurable with those in Western countries", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702f": " classroom discipline and behavior is highly problematic. Although, officially, schools have extremely rigid codes", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703a": " 40 to 50 students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703b": " 40 to 50 students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703c": " school class sizes are typically 40 to 50 students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703d": " school class sizes are typically 40 to 50 students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703e": " 40 to 50 students", "56e7611500c9c71400d77054": " democratic schools claim that popularly based authority can maintain order more effectively than dictatorial authority for governments", "56e7611500c9c71400d77055": " democratic schools claim that popularly based authority can maintain order more effectively than dictatorial authority for governments", "56e7611500c9c71400d77056": " democratic schools claim that popularly based authority can maintain order more effectively than dictatorial authority for governments", "56e7611500c9c71400d77057": " democratic schools claim that popularly based authority can maintain order more effectively than dictatorial authority for governments", "56e7611500c9c71400d77058": " judicial system for enforcing these laws, is a school in which community discipline prevails, and in which an increasingly sophisticated concept of law and order develops", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f13": " a positive learning experience towards the course materials", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f14": " a positive learning experience towards the course materials", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f15": " a positive disposition towards the course content tend to transfer their passion to receptive students", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f17": " a positive learning experience towards the course materials", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77072": " college students", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77073": " a very enthusiastic teacher were more likely to read lecture material outside of the classroom", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77074": " college students", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77075": " college students", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77076": " college students", "56e763e800c9c71400d77086": " a classroom atmosphere full of energy and enthusiasm which feed student interest and excitement", "56e763e800c9c71400d77087": " embellishment\"; increasing a student's interest by the variety, novelty, and surprise of the enthusiastic teacher", "56e763e800c9c71400d77088": " Enthusiastic teachers may also lead to students becoming more self-determined in their own learning process. The concept of mere exposure", "56e763e800c9c71400d77089": " Enthusiastic teachers may also lead to students becoming more self-determined in their own learning process. The concept of mere exposure", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708e": " A teacher must guide his student in aligning his personal goals with his academic goals", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708f": " A teacher must guide his student in aligning his personal goals with his academic goals", "56e764e200c9c71400d77090": " A teacher must guide his student in aligning his personal goals with his academic goals", "56e764e200c9c71400d77091": " school are closely linked to student-teacher relationships. Enthusiastic teachers are particularly good at creating beneficial relations with their students", "56e764e200c9c71400d77092": " A teacher must guide his student in aligning his personal goals with his academic goals", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a2": " Effective teachers have been shown to invite student participation", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a4": " Effective teachers have been shown to invite student participation", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a5": " Effective teachers have been shown to invite student participation", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a6": " Effective teachers have been shown to invite student participation", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f49": " three most important aspects of teacher enthusiasm", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4a": " three most important aspects of teacher enthusiasm", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4b": " three most important aspects of teacher enthusiasm", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4c": " three most important aspects of teacher enthusiasm", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4d": " three most important aspects of teacher enthusiasm", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f53": " adult associated with education; be they a volunteer, bus driver, teacher, administrator or other adult", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f54": " adult associated with education; be they a volunteer, bus driver, teacher, administrator or other adult", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f55": " adult associated with education", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f56": " A study by the American Association of University Women", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f57": " the media and the courts. A study by the American Association of University Women", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ca": " AAUW study, however, posed questions about fourteen types of sexual harassment and various degrees of frequency and included only abuses by teachers", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cb": " AAUW study, however, posed questions about fourteen types of sexual harassment and various degrees of frequency and included only abuses by teachers", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cd": " AAUW study, however, posed questions about fourteen types of sexual harassment and various degrees of frequency and included only abuses by teachers", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ce": " AAUW study, however, posed questions about fourteen types of sexual harassment and various degrees of frequency and included only abuses by teachers", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f67": " Letour", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f69": " Letourneau have caused increased scrutiny on teacher misconduct", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e8": " National Association of Schoolmasters", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e9": " real anomaly in the law that we are concerned about.\" This has led to outrage from child protection and parental rights groups", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ea": " real anomaly in the law that we are concerned about.\" This has led to outrage from child protection and parental rights groups", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770eb": " National Association of Schoolmasters", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ec": " National Association of Schoolmasters", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f75": " Stress can be caused by organizational change, relationships with students, fellow teachers, and administrative personnel", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f76": " organizational change, relationships with students, fellow teachers, and administrative personnel", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f77": " Stress can be caused by organizational change, relationships with students, fellow teachers, and administrative personnel", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f78": " Stress can be caused by organizational change, relationships with students, fellow teachers, and administrative personnel", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f79": " occupational hazards in their line of work, including occupational stress", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f7f": " A 2012 study found that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f80": " stress, twice the figure for the average profession. A 2012 study found that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f81": " A 2012 study found that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f82": " stress, twice the figure for the average profession. A 2012 study found that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f83": " A 2012 study found that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710e": " Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling, are also used to relieve occupational stress among teachers", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710f": " Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling, are also used to relieve occupational stress among teachers", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77110": " Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling, are also used to relieve occupational stress among teachers", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77111": " Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling, are also used to relieve occupational stress among teachers", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77112": " Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling, are also used to relieve occupational stress among teachers", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f93": " adult further learning institutions but is fast becoming the norm in many countries", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f94": " adult further learning institutions but is fast becoming the norm in many countries", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f95": " adult further learning institutions but is fast becoming the norm in many countries", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f96": " adult further learning institutions but is fast becoming the norm in many countries", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f97": " adult further learning institutions but is fast becoming the norm in many countries", "56e76de800c9c71400d77122": " three-tier model which includes primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary education (secondary schools/high schools)", "56e76de800c9c71400d77123": "Education in Australia is primarily the responsibility of the individual states and territories", "56e76de800c9c71400d77124": " three-tier model which includes primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary education (secondary schools/high schools)", "56e76de800c9c71400d77125": " three-tier model which includes primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary education (secondary schools/high schools)", "56e76de800c9c71400d77126": " three-tier model which includes primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary education (secondary schools/high schools)", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9d": " public school which is funded by the provincial government or teaching in a private school which is funded by the private sector", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9e": " public school which is funded by the provincial government or teaching in a private school which is funded by the private sector", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3fa1": " public school which is funded by the provincial government or teaching in a private school which is funded by the private sector", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712c": " Lehramtstudien (Teaching Education Studies). There are many differences between the teachers for elementary schools", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712d": " university classes, called Lehramtstudien (Teaching Education Studies). There are many differences between the teachers for elementary schools", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712e": " university classes, called Lehramtstudien (Teaching Education Studies). There are many differences between the teachers for elementary schools", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712f": " Lehramtstudien (Teaching Education Studies). There are many differences between the teachers for elementary schools", "56e76f7000c9c71400d77130": " Lehramtstudien (Teaching Education Studies). There are many differences between the teachers for elementary schools", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77137": " \u20ac27,814 p.a., rising incrementally to \u20ac53,423 for a teacher with 25 years service", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77138": " \u20ac27,814", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77139": " \u20ac27,814 p.a., rising incrementally to \u20ac53,423 for a teacher with 25 years service", "56e7714a00c9c71400d7713a": " \u20ac27,814 p.a., rising incrementally to \u20ac53,423 for a teacher with 25 years service", "56e7721500c9c71400d77140": " Section 30 of the Teaching Council Act 2001", "56e7721500c9c71400d77141": "Teachers are required to be registered with the Teaching Council; under Section 30 of the Teaching Council Act 2001", "56e7721500c9c71400d77142": " Section 30 of the Teaching Council Act 2001", "56e7721500c9c71400d77143": " Section 30 of the Teaching Council Act 2001", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbb": " Garda vetting has been introduced for new entrants to the teaching profession", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbc": " Garda vetting has been introduced for new entrants to the teaching profession", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbe": " Garda vetting has been introduced for new entrants to the teaching profession. These procedures apply to teaching and also to non-teaching posts", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbf": " Garda vetting has been introduced for new entrants to the teaching profession", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714a": " \u00a320,133 to \u00a341,004 in September 2007", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714b": " \u00a341,004 in September 2007", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714c": " \u00a320,133 to \u00a341,004 in September 2007", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714d": " \u00a320,133 to \u00a341,004 in September 2007", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714e": " \u00a341,004 in September 2007", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd5": " school teachers", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd6": " school teachers", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd7": " school teachers", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd8": " school teachers", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd9": " school teachers", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715c": " General Teaching Council for Scotland", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715d": " General Teaching Council for Scotland", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715e": " teach is to complete a programme of Initial Teacher Education (ITE) at one of the seven Scottish Universities who offer these courses", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715f": " teach is to complete a programme of Initial Teacher Education (ITE) at one of the seven Scottish Universities who offer these courses", "56e775ec00c9c71400d77160": " Initial Teacher Education (ITE) at one of the seven Scottish Universities who offer these courses", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fdf": "566 and \u00a344,616", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe0": " April 2008", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe1": " April 2008", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe2": " April 2008, unpromoted teachers in Scotland earned from \u00a320,427 for a Probationer", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe3": " \u00a340,290 to \u00a378,642. Teachers in Scotland can be registered members of trade unions", "56e777e500c9c71400d77176": " Welsh: in 2008/09, 22 per cent of classes in maintained primary schools used Welsh as the sole or main medium of instruction. Welsh medium education", "56e777e500c9c71400d77177": "Education in Wales differs in certain respects from education elsewhere in the United Kingdom", "56e777e500c9c71400d77178": " all age groups through nurseries, schools, colleges and universities", "56e777e500c9c71400d77179": "Education in Wales differs in certain respects from education elsewhere in the United Kingdom", "56e777e500c9c71400d7717a": " all age groups through nurseries, schools, colleges and universities", "56e7788200c9c71400d77180": " A growing cause", "56e7788200c9c71400d77181": " A growing cause", "56e7788200c9c71400d77182": " A growing cause of concern are that attacks on teachers in Welsh schools which reached an all-time high between 2005", "56e7788200c9c71400d77183": " A growing cause", "56e7788200c9c71400d77184": " A growing cause", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffd": " school teachers are required to have a bachelor's degree", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffe": " school teachers are required to have a bachelor's degree", "56e7796637bdd419002c3fff": " school teachers are required to have a bachelor's degree", "56e7796637bdd419002c4000": " school teachers are required to have a bachelor's degree", "56e7796637bdd419002c4001": " school teachers are required to have a bachelor's degree", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718a": " $46,000 in 2004", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718b": " $46,000 in 2004", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718c": " $46,000 in 2004", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718d": " $46,000 in 2004", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718e": " $46,000 in 2004", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77194": " vocations, and other aspects of spiritual life, especially the Roman and Orthodox Catholic Churches", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77196": " vocations, and other aspects of spiritual life, especially the Roman and Orthodox Catholic Churches", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77197": " vocations, and other aspects of spiritual life, especially the Roman and Orthodox Catholic Churches", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77198": " vocations, and other aspects of spiritual life, especially the Roman and Orthodox Catholic Churches", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401d": " Aaronic priesthood", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401e": " Aaronic priesthood", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401f": " Aaronic priesthood", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4020": " Aaronic priesthood", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4021": " Aaronic priesthood", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a8": " gurus often exercising a great deal of control over the lives of their disciples", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a9": " mentorship is extremely high, with gurus often exercising a great deal of control over the lives of their disciples", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771aa": " a great deal of control over the lives of their disciples", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771ab": " Hinduism the spiritual teacher is known as a guru", "56e77da237bdd419002c403b": " Bodhisattva vow", "56e77da237bdd419002c403c": " Tibetan Buddhism the teachers of Dharma in Tibet are most commonly called a Lama", "56e77da237bdd419002c403d": " Tibetan Buddhism the teachers of Dharma in Tibet are most commonly called a Lama", "56e77da237bdd419002c403e": " Tibetan Buddhism the teachers of Dharma in Tibet are most commonly called a Lama", "56e77da237bdd419002c403f": " Tibetan Buddhism the teachers of Dharma in Tibet are most commonly called a Lama. A Lama", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b0": " Jurisprudence", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b1": " Jurisprudence", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b2": " Jurisprudence", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b3": " Jurisprudence", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b4": " Jurisprudence", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf5": " 10 November 1483", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf6": " 10 November 1483", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf7": " German professor of theology, composer, priest, former monk and a seminal figure in the Protestant Reformation", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf8": " 1517", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf9": " 1517", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727a": " sin. His theology challenged the authority and office of the Pope by teaching that the Bible is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge from God", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727b": " free gift of God's grace through faith in Jesus Christ as redeemer from sin. His theology challenged the authority and office of the Pope", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727c": " sin. His theology challenged the authority and office of the Pope by teaching that the Bible is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge from God", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727d": " sin. His theology challenged the authority and office of the Pope by teaching that the Bible is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge from God", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727e": " sin. His theology challenged the authority and office of the Pope by teaching that the Bible is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge from God", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17284": "vernacular (instead of Latin) made it more accessible, which had a tremendous impact on the church and German culture", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17285": "vernacular (instead of Latin) made it more accessible, which had a tremendous impact on the church and German culture", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17286": "vernacular (instead of Latin) made it more accessible, which had a tremendous impact on the church and German culture", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17287": "vernacular (instead of Latin) made it more accessible, which had a tremendous impact on the church and German culture", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17288": "vernacular (instead of Latin) made it more accessible, which had a tremendous impact on the church and German culture", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728e": " 10 November 1483", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728f": " 10 November 1483", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17290": " 10 November 1483", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17291": " 10 November 1483 in Eisleben, Saxony, then part of the Holy Roman Empire", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17292": " 1483", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c56": " 1505", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c57": " 1505", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c58": " 1505", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c59": " 1505", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c5a": " 1505", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cd": " law school at the same university that year but dropped out almost immediately, believing that law represented uncertainty. Luther sought assurances about life and was drawn to theology", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172ce": " a love-hate relationship with Aristotle", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cf": " law school at the same university that year but dropped out almost immediately, believing that law represented uncertainty. Luther sought assurances about life and was drawn to theology", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d0": " law school at the same university that year but dropped out almost immediately, believing that law represented uncertainty. Luther sought assurances about life and was drawn to theology", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d1": " law school at the same university that year but dropped out almost immediately, believing that law represented uncertainty. Luther sought assurances about life and was drawn to theology", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d7": " university on horseback after a trip home. During a thunderstorm, a lightning bolt struck near him", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d8": " a farewell supper walked him to the door of the Black Cloister", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d9": " university on horseback after a trip home. During a thunderstorm, a lightning bolt struck near him", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172da": " a farewell supper walked him to the door of the Black Cloister", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172db": " Cloister", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c74": " Comforter, and made of him the jailer and hangman of my poor soul.\" Johann von Staupitz", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c75": " Johann von Staupitz, his superior, pointed Luther's mind away from continual reflection upon his sins toward the merits of Christ", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c76": " Johann von Staupitz, his superior, pointed Luther's mind away from continual reflection upon his sins toward the merits of Christ", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c77": " Johann von Staupitz, his superior, pointed Luther's mind away from continual reflection upon his sins toward the merits of Christ", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c78": " Comforter, and made of him the jailer and hangman", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172eb": " 9 March 1508", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ec": " 9 March 1508", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ed": " 9 March 1508", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ee": " 9 March 1508", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ef": " 9 March 1508", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb0": " 19 October 1512, he was awarded his Doctor of Theology", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb1": " 19 October 1512, he was awarded his Doctor of Theology and, on 21 October 1512, was received into the senate of the theological faculty", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb2": " 19 October 1512, he was awarded his Doctor of Theology and, on 21 October 1512, was received into the senate of the theological faculty", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb3": " 19 October 1512, he was awarded his Doctor of Theology and, on 21 October 1512, was received into the senate of the theological faculty", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb4": " Theology and, on 21 October 1512, was received into the senate of the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17367": " to rebuild St. Peter's Basilica in Rome", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17368": " Roman Catholic Church to sell indulgences to raise money to rebuild St. Peter's Basilica in Rome", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17369": " 1516, Johann Tetzel, a Dominican friar and papal commissioner for indulgences, was sent to Germany by the Roman Catholic Church", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736a": " 1516, Johann Tetzel, a Dominican friar and papal commissioner for indulgences", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736b": " 1516, Johann Tetzel, a Dominican friar and papal commissioner for indulgences, was sent to Germany by the Roman Catholic Church", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5e": " 31 October 1517, Luther wrote to his bishop, Albert of Mainz, protesting the sale of indulgences", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5f": " Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences\", which came to be known as The Ninety-Five Theses", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d60": " 31 October 1517, Luther wrote to his bishop, Albert of Mainz", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d61": " Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences\", which came to be known as The Ninety-Five Theses", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d62": " Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences\", which came to be known as The Ninety-Five Theses", "56f80143aef2371900625d68": " Johann Tetzel", "56f80143aef2371900625d69": " Johann Tetzel", "56f80143aef2371900625d6a": " Johann Tetzel", "56f80143aef2371900625d6b": " Johann Tetzel", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17377": " Christians, he said, must not slacken in following Christ on account of such false assurances", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17378": " Christians, he said, must not slacken in following Christ on account of such false assurances", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17379": " Christians, he said, must not slacken in following Christ on account of such false assurances", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737a": " Christians, he said, must not slacken in following Christ on account of such false assurances", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737b": "He insisted that, since forgiveness was God's alone to grant, those who claimed that indulgences absolved buyers", "56f8046faef2371900625d71": " Tetzel was by no means representative of contemporary Catholic teaching on indulgences", "56f8046faef2371900625d72": " exaggerate. Yet if Tetzel overstated the matter in regard to indulgences", "56f8046faef2371900625d73": " exaggerate. Yet if Tetzel overstated the matter in regard to indulgences for the dead", "56f8046faef2371900625d74": " exaggerate. Yet if Tetzel overstated the matter in regard to indulgences", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17387": " Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17388": " Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17389": " Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738a": " G\u00f6tz Trenkler, Gerhard Ritter, and Gerhard Prause", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738b": " Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8074faef2371900625d79": " 95 Theses from Latin into German and printed and widely copied them, making the controversy one of the first in history to be aided by the printing press", "56f8074faef2371900625d7a": " 95 Theses from Latin into German and printed and widely copied them, making the controversy one of the first in history to be aided by the printing press", "56f8074faef2371900625d7b": " 95 Theses", "56f8074faef2371900625d7c": " January 1518", "56f8074faef2371900625d7d": " January 1518", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17391": " Three of his best-known works were published in 1520", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17392": " Three of his best-known works were published in 1520: To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation, On the Babylonian Captivity", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17393": " Three of his best-known works were published in 1520", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17394": " Three of his best-known works were published in 1520", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17395": "ians and his Work on the Psalms", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739b": " 1510 to 1520, Luther lectured on the Psalms, the books of Hebrews, Romans, and Galatians", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739c": " 1510 to 1520, Luther lectured on the Psalms, the books of Hebrews, Romans, and Galatians", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739d": " 1510 to 1520, Luther lectured on the Psalms, the books of Hebrews, Romans, and Galatians", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739e": " 1510 to 1520, Luther lectured on the Psalms, the books of Hebrews, Romans, and Galatians", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739f": " 1510 to 1520, Luther lectured on the Psalms, the books of Hebrews, Romans, and Galatians", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d83": ":8\u201310", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d84": ":8\u201310", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d85": ":8\u201310. Against the teaching of his day that the righteous acts of believers are performed in cooperation with God", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d86": ":8\u201310", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d87": ":8\u201310. Against the teaching of his day that the righteous acts of believers are performed in cooperation with God", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8d": "uther's rediscovery of \"Christ and His salvation\"", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8e": "uther's rediscovery of \"Christ and His salvation\"", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8f": " Reformation", "56f80e1daef2371900625d90": "uther's rediscovery of \"Christ and His salvation\" was the first of two points that became the foundation for the Reformation", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d95": "Archbishop Albrecht of Mainz and Magdeburg did not reply to Luther's letter containing the 95 Theses", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d96": " Magdeburg did not reply to Luther's letter containing the 95 Theses. He had the theses checked for heresy", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d97": "Archbishop Albrecht of Mainz and Magdeburg did not reply to Luther's letter containing the 95 Theses", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d98": " Magdeburg did not reply to Luther's letter containing the 95 Theses. He had the theses checked for heresy", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d99": " Magdeburg did not reply to Luther's letter containing the 95 Theses. He had the theses checked for heresy", "56f811bdaef2371900625d9f": " a shouting match. More than his writing the 95 Theses, Luther's confrontation with the church cast him as an enemy of the pope", "56f811bdaef2371900625da0": " a shouting match. More than his writing the 95 Theses, Luther's confrontation with the church cast him as an enemy of the pope", "56f811bdaef2371900625da1": "Pope Leo X", "56f811bdaef2371900625da2": "Pope Leo X was used to reformers and heretics", "56f811bdaef2371900625da3": "Pope Leo X was used to reformers and heretics", "56f81393aef2371900625da9": ":18 does not confer on popes the exclusive right to interpret scripture", "56f81393aef2371900625daa": ":18 does not confer on popes the exclusive right to interpret scripture", "56f81393aef2371900625dab": "iltitz", "56f81393aef2371900625dac": ":18 does not confer on popes the exclusive right to interpret scripture, and that therefore neither popes nor church councils were infallible", "56f81393aef2371900625dad": ":18 does not confer on popes the exclusive right to interpret scripture", "56f81537aef2371900625db3": " 15 June 1520, the Pope warned Luther", "56f81537aef2371900625db4": " 15 June 1520, the Pope warned Luther", "56f81537aef2371900625db5": " Pope Leo X on 3 January 1521", "56f81537aef2371900625db6": " Pope Leo X on 3 January 1521", "56f81537aef2371900625db7": "communicated by Pope Leo X on 3 January 1521", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f1": " 18 April 1521, Luther appeared as ordered before the Diet of Worms. This was a general assembly of the estates of the Holy Roman Empire", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f2": " 18 April 1521, Luther appeared as ordered before the Diet of Worms. This was a general assembly of the estates of the Holy Roman Empire", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f3": " 18 April 1521, Luther appeared as ordered before the Diet of Worms. This was a general assembly of the estates of the Holy Roman Empire", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f4": " 18 April 1521, Luther appeared as ordered before the Diet of Worms. This was a general assembly of the estates of the Holy Roman Empire", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f5": " 18 April 1521, Luther appeared as ordered before the Diet of Worms. This was a general assembly of the estates of the Holy Roman Empire", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fb": " Eck, speaking on behalf of the Empire as assistant of the Archbishop of Trier", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fc": " Archbishop of Trier", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fd": " second question. He prayed, consulted friends, and gave his response the next day", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fe": " second question. He prayed, consulted friends, and gave his response the next day", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173ff": " Archbishop of Trier, presented Luther with copies", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17415": " Michael Mullett", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17416": " Michael Mullett", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17417": " Michael Mullett", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17418": " arm \"in the traditional salute of a knight winning a bout.\" Michael Mullett", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17427": " witness accounts of the proceedings", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17428": " witness accounts of the proceedings", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17429": " witness accounts of the proceedings", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e1742a": " witness accounts of the proceedings", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e17439": " 25 May 1521", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743a": " 25 May 1521", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743b": " 25 May 1521", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743c": " 25 May 1521", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743d": " 25 May 1521", "56f82989aef2371900625e6b": " a renewed attack on Archbishop Albrecht of Mainz, whom he shamed into halting the sale of indulgences", "56f82989aef2371900625e6c": " Frederick III had him intercepted on his way home in the forest near Wittenberg by masked horsemen who were made to appear as armed highwaymen", "56f82989aef2371900625e6d": " Frederick III had him intercepted on his way home in the forest near Wittenberg", "56f82989aef2371900625e6e": " Frederick III had him intercepted on his way home in the forest near Wittenberg", "56f82989aef2371900625e6f": " Frederick III had him intercepted on his way home in the forest near Wittenberg", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17457": " sinners by nature, he explained, and God's grace (which cannot be earned) alone can make them just. On 1 August 1521", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17458": " 1521", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17459": " sinners by nature, he explained, and God's grace (which cannot be earned) alone can make them just. On 1 August 1521", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745a": " 1521", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745b": " sinners", "56f84485aef2371900625f71": " Martin Luther", "56f84485aef2371900625f72": " Martin Luther", "56f84485aef2371900625f73": " Martin Luther", "56f84485aef2371900625f74": " Martin Luther", "56f84485aef2371900625f75": " Martin Luther", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e17519": ":9\u201312, 23\u201325. The antichrist of 2 Thessalonians", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751a": ":9\u201312, 23\u201325. The antichrist of 2 Thessalonians", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751b": ":9\u201312, 23\u201325. The antichrist of 2 Thessalonians", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751c": ":9\u201312, 23\u201325. The antichrist of 2 Thessalonians", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751d": ":9\u201312, 23\u201325. The antichrist of 2 Thessalonians", "56f84760aef2371900625f81": " Martin Luther to All Christians", "56f84760aef2371900625f82": " Martin Luther to All Christians", "56f84760aef2371900625f83": " Martin Luther to All Christians", "56f84760aef2371900625f84": " Martin Luther to All Christians", "56f84760aef2371900625f85": " Martin Luther to All Christians", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e1752f": " 6 March 1522", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17530": " core Christian values such as love, patience, charity, and freedom, and reminded the citizens to trust God's word rather than violence", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17531": " 1522", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17532": " 6 March 1522", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17533": " 6 March 1522", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9d": " sixth sermon, the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9e": " Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9f": " Jerome Schurf wrote to the elector", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa0": " Jerome Schurf", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa1": " Martin's return spread among us! His words, through divine mercy, are bringing back every day misguided people into the way of the truth", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa7": " a battle against not only the established Church but also the radical reformers who threatened the new order by fomenting social unrest and violence", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa8": " a battle against not only the established Church but also the radical reformers who threatened the new order by fomenting social unrest and violence", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa9": " a battle against not only the established Church but also the radical reformers who threatened the new order by fomenting social unrest and violence", "56f84b68aef2371900625faa": " a battle against not only the established Church but also the radical reformers who threatened the new order by fomenting social unrest and violence", "56f84b68aef2371900625fab": " a battle against not only the established Church but also the radical reformers who threatened the new order by fomenting social unrest and violence", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb1": " peasantry on a smaller scale since the 15th century", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb2": " a smaller scale since the 15th century", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb3": " 1524", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb4": " a smaller scale since the 15th century", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb5": " a smaller scale since the 15th century", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc1": " Twelve Articles in May 1525", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc2": " Twelve Articles in May 1525", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc3": " Twelve Articles in May 1525", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc4": " Twelve Articles in May 1525", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc5": " Twelve Articles in May 1525", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754b": " the doctrine known as the Divine Right of Kings", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754c": " Bible forms the foundation for the doctrine known as the Divine Right of Kings", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754d": " God and therefore should not be resisted. This reference from the Bible forms the foundation for the doctrine known as the Divine Right of Kings", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754e": " God and therefore should not be resisted. This reference from the Bible forms the foundation for the doctrine known as the Divine Right of Kings", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754f": " the doctrine known as the Divine Right of Kings", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755d": " 15 May 1525, followed by M\u00fcntzer's execution, brought the revolutionary stage of the Reformation", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755e": " 15 May 1525, followed by M\u00fcntzer's execution, brought the revolutionary stage of the Reformation", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755f": " 15 May 1525, followed by M\u00fcntzer's execution, brought the revolutionary stage of the Reformation", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17560": " 15 May 1525, followed by M\u00fcntzer's execution, brought the revolutionary stage of the Reformation", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17561": " 15 May 1525, followed by M\u00fcntzer's execution, brought the revolutionary stage of the Reformation", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756d": " Katharina von Bora, one of 12 nuns he had helped escape from the Nimbschen Cistercian convent in April 1523", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756e": "Martin Luther married Katharina von Bora, one of 12 nuns he had helped escape from the Nimbschen Cistercian convent", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756f": "Martin Luther married Katharina von Bora, one of 12 nuns he had helped escape from the Nimbschen Cistercian convent", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17570": "Martin Luther married Katharina von Bora, one of 12 nuns he had helped escape from the Nimbschen Cistercian convent", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17571": "Martin Luther married Katharina von Bora, one of 12 nuns he had helped escape from the Nimbschen Cistercian convent", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17577": " 13 June 1525, the couple was engaged with Johannes Bugenhagen", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17578": " 13 June 1525, the couple was engaged", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17579": " 13 June 1525, the couple was engaged with Johannes Bugenhagen, Justus Jonas, Johannes Apel, Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757a": " 13 June 1525, the couple was engaged", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757b": " 13 June 1525, the couple was engaged", "56f855caaef2371900625ff3": " priests and former religious had already married, including Andreas Karlstadt and Justus Jonas, but Luther's wedding set the seal of approval on clerical marriage", "56f855caaef2371900625ff4": " Luther's wedding set the seal of approval on clerical marriage", "56f855caaef2371900625ff5": " Andreas Karlstadt and Justus Jonas, but Luther's wedding set the seal of approval on clerical marriage", "56f855caaef2371900625ff6": " priests and former religious had already married, including Andreas Karlstadt and Justus Jonas, but Luther's wedding set the seal of approval on clerical marriage", "56f855caaef2371900625ff7": " priests and former religious had already married, including Andreas Karlstadt and Justus Jonas, but Luther's wedding set the seal of approval on clerical marriage", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffd": " 10 December 1527, who died within a few months; Magdalene \u2013 1529, who died in Luther's arms in 1542", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffe": " 10 December 1527, who died within a few months; Magdalene \u2013 1529, who died in Luther's arms in 1542", "56f8575aaef2371900625fff": " 10 December 1527, who died within a few months; Magdalene \u2013 1529, who died in Luther's arms in 1542", "56f8575aaef2371900626000": " 10 December 1527, who died within a few months; Magdalene \u2013 1529, who died in Luther's arms in 1542", "56f8575aaef2371900626001": " 10 December 1527, who died within a few months; Magdalene \u2013 1529, who died in Luther's arms in 1542", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175af": " a theology of the cross", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b0": " a theology of the cross", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b1": " 1526, Luther found himself increasingly occupied in organising a new church. His Biblical ideal of congregations' choosing their own ministers", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b2": " 1526, Luther found himself increasingly occupied in organising a new church. His Biblical ideal of congregations' choosing their own ministers", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b3": " a theology of the cross", "56f85bb8aef237190062600f": " Saxony", "56f85bb8aef2371900626010": " Saxony", "56f85bb8aef2371900626011": " Saxony", "56f85bb8aef2371900626012": " Electorate of Saxony", "56f85bb8aef2371900626013": " Saxony", "56f85cf0aef2371900626019": " 1526", "56f85cf0aef237190062601a": " 1526", "56f85cf0aef237190062601b": " 1526", "56f85cf0aef237190062601c": " 1526", "56f85cf0aef237190062601d": " 1526", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c3": " Saxony, which began in 1527", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c4": " Saxony, which began in 1527. They also assessed the standard of pastoral care and Christian education", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c5": " Saxony, which began in 1527", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c6": " Saxony, which began in 1527", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c7": " Saxony, which began in 1527", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cd": " Ten Commandments", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175ce": " Ten Commandments", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cf": " Ten Commandments", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d0": " Ten Commandments", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d1": " Ten Commandments", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d7": " hymns and his translation of the Bible", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d8": " hymns and his translation of the Bible", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d9": " hymns and his translation of the Bible", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175da": " hymns and his translation of the Bible", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175db": " hymns and his translation of the Bible", "56f86966aef2371900626053": " Ten Commandments) and the Lord's Prayer", "56f86966aef2371900626054": " Ten Commandments) and the Lord's Prayer", "56f86966aef2371900626055": " Ten Commandments) and the Lord's Prayer", "56f86966aef2371900626056": " Ten Commandments) and the Lord's Prayer", "56f86966aef2371900626057": " Ten Commandments) and the Lord's Prayer", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f5": " 1522, and he and his collaborators completed the translation of the Old Testament in 1534", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f6": "uther had published his German translation of the New Testament in 1522, and he and his collaborators completed the translation of the Old Testament in 1534", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f7": "uther had published his German translation of the New Testament in 1522, and he and his collaborators completed the translation of the Old Testament in 1534", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f8": " 1522, and he and his collaborators completed the translation of the Old Testament in 1534", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f9": " 1522, and he and his collaborators completed the translation of the Old Testament in 1534", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17605": " Saxon chancellery, intelligible to both northern and southern Germans", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17606": " Saxon chancellery, intelligible to both northern and southern Germans. He intended his vigorous, direct language to make the Bible accessible to everyday Germans", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17607": " Saxon chancellery, intelligible to both northern and southern Germans. He intended his vigorous, direct language to make the Bible accessible to everyday Germans", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17608": " Saxon chancellery, intelligible to both northern and southern Germans. He intended his vigorous, direct language to make the Bible accessible to everyday Germans", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17609": " Saxon chancellery, intelligible to both northern and southern Germans. He intended his vigorous, direct language to make the Bible accessible to everyday Germans", "56f86e91aef2371900626067": "vernacular translations, such as William Tyndale's English Bible (1525 forward), a precursor of the King James Bible", "56f86e91aef2371900626068": "vernacular translations, such as William Tyndale's English Bible (1525 forward), a precursor of the King James Bible", "56f86e91aef2371900626069": "vernacular translations, such as William Tyndale's English Bible (1525 forward), a precursor of the King James Bible", "56f86e91aef237190062606a": "vernacular translations, such as William Tyndale's English Bible (1525 forward), a precursor of the King James Bible", "56f86e91aef237190062606b": "vernacular translations, such as William Tyndale's English Bible (1525 forward), a precursor of the King James Bible", "56f87000aef2371900626071": " hymn-writer", "56f87000aef2371900626072": " Luke 2:11\u201312. Luther connected high art and folk music, also all classes, clergy and laity, men, women and children", "56f87000aef2371900626073": " hymn-writer", "56f87000aef2371900626074": " Luke 2:11\u201312. Luther connected high art and folk music, also all classes, clergy and laity, men, women and children", "56f87000aef2371900626075": " Luke 2:11\u201312. Luther connected high art and folk music, also all classes, clergy and laity, men, women and children", "56f8720eaef237190062608f": " 1875", "56f8720eaef2371900626090": " 1875", "56f8720eaef2371900626091": " Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes, the first individuals to be martyred by the Roman Catholic Church", "56f8720eaef2371900626092": " Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes, the first individuals to be martyred by the Roman Catholic Church", "56f8720eaef2371900626093": " Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes, the first individuals to be martyred by the Roman Catholic Church", "56f87392aef2371900626099": "vernacular Lutheran liturgies as early as 1525", "56f87392aef237190062609a": "vernacular Lutheran liturgies", "56f87392aef237190062609b": "vernacular Lutheran liturgies", "56f87392aef237190062609c": "vernacular Lutheran liturgies", "56f87392aef237190062609d": "vernacular Lutheran liturgies", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e1766f": " 1538 hymnic version of the Lord's Prayer", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17670": " Small Catechism", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17671": " 1538 hymnic version of the Lord's Prayer", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17672": " hymnic version of the Lord's Prayer", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17673": " Small Catechism", "56f87760aef23719006260cc": " hymnic version of Psalm 130 and sent it as a sample to encourage evangelical colleagues to write psalm-hymns", "56f87760aef23719006260cd": " Reformation hymn that developed the theme of \"grace alone\"", "56f87760aef23719006260ce": " hymnic version of Psalm 130 and sent it as a sample to encourage evangelical colleagues to write psalm-hymns", "56f87760aef23719006260cf": " four-stanza psalm paraphrase into a five-stanza Reformation hymn that developed the theme of \"grace alone\"", "56f87760aef23719006260d0": " hymnic version of Psalm 130 and sent it as a sample to encourage evangelical colleagues to write psalm-hymns", "56f879bdaef23719006260de": " Ten Commandments", "56f879bdaef23719006260df": " Ten Commandments", "56f879bdaef23719006260e0": " Ten Commandments", "56f879bdaef23719006260e1": " hymn", "56f879bdaef23719006260e2": " Ten Commandments", "56f87e95aef237190062610a": " Reformation in Halle in 1541", "56f87e95aef237190062610b": " Small Catechism", "56f87e95aef237190062610c": " Small Catechism", "56f87e95aef237190062610d": " Reformation in Halle in 1541", "56f87e95aef237190062610e": " Small Catechism", "56f88025aef237190062611e": " Reformation. He supplied four of eight songs of the First Lutheran hymnal Achtlied", "56f88025aef237190062611f": " Reformation", "56f88025aef2371900626120": " Reformation. He supplied four of eight songs of the First Lutheran hymnal Achtlied", "56f88025aef2371900626121": " Reformation. He supplied four of eight songs of the First Lutheran hymnal Achtlied", "56f88025aef2371900626122": " four of eight songs of the First Lutheran hymnal Achtlied", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f3": " 1707", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f4": " 1707", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f5": " 1707", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f6": " 1707", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f7": " 1707", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fd": " Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fe": " Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176ff": " Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17700": " Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17701": " Philipp Melanchthon", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17707": "1755) had earlier reached the same conclusion in his analysis of Lutheran orthodoxy on this issue", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17708": "1755) had earlier reached the same conclusion in his analysis of Lutheran orthodoxy on this issue", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17709": "1755) had earlier reached the same conclusion in his analysis of Lutheran orthodoxy on this issue", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e1770a": " Franz Pieper", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17723": " Francis Blackburne", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17724": " Francis Blackburne in 1765 argued that John Jortin misread this and other passages from Luther", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17725": " Francis Blackburne in 1765", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17726": " Francis Blackburne", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17727": " Francis Blackburne", "56f88c37aef2371900626176": " fifteen, the exception being the nature of the Eucharist \u2013 the sacrament of the Lord's Supper", "56f88c37aef2371900626177": " fifteen, the exception being the nature of the Eucharist \u2013 the sacrament of the Lord's Supper", "56f88c37aef2371900626178": " Eucharist \u2013 the sacrament of the Lord's Supper", "56f88c37aef2371900626179": " fourteen points out of fifteen, the exception being the nature of the Eucharist \u2013 the sacrament of the Lord's Supper", "56f88c37aef237190062617a": " fifteen, the exception being the nature of the Eucharist \u2013 the sacrament of the Lord's Supper", "56f88eafaef2371900626194": " Corinthians 11:23\u201326). Luther insisted on the Real Presence of the body and blood of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine", "56f88eafaef2371900626195": " Corinthians 11:23\u201326). Luther insisted on the Real Presence of the body and blood of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine", "56f88eafaef2371900626196": " Corinthians 11:23\u201326). Luther insisted on the Real Presence of the body and blood of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine", "56f88eafaef2371900626197": " Corinthians 11:23\u201326). Luther insisted on the Real Presence of the body and blood of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine", "56f88eafaef2371900626198": " Corinthians 11:23\u201326). Luther insisted on the Real Presence of the body and blood of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine", "56f8907faef23719006261b2": " Saxony, Philip of Hesse, and George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach", "56f8907faef23719006261b3": " Saxony, Philip of Hesse, and George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach", "56f8907faef23719006261b4": " Saxony, Philip of Hesse, and George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach", "56f8907faef23719006261b5": " Saxony, Philip of Hesse, and George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach", "56f8907faef23719006261b6": " Protestant nobles such as John of Saxony, Philip of Hesse, and George, Margrave of Brandenburg", "56f895339e9bad19000a0177": " fideist into dispute", "56f895339e9bad19000a0178": " a different picture is presented of a Luther who deeply valued both faith and reason", "56f895339e9bad19000a0179": " fideist into dispute", "56f895339e9bad19000a017a": " a different picture is presented of a Luther who deeply valued both faith and reason", "56f895339e9bad19000a017b": " a different picture is presented of a Luther who deeply valued both faith and reason", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5d": " Reformation continued, Luther began to lose hope in large-scale Jewish conversion to Christianity", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5e": " sixteenth century Europe", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5f": " Reformation continued, Luther began to lose hope in large-scale Jewish conversion to Christianity", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c60": " Reformation continued, Luther began to lose hope in large-scale Jewish conversion to Christianity", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c61": " Reformation continued, Luther began to lose hope in large-scale Jewish conversion to Christianity", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a5": " secular war against the Turks", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a6": " secular war against the Turks", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a7": " secular war against the Turks", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a8": " secular war against the Turks", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a9": " secular war against the Turks", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9d": " Latin translation of the Qur'an. He went on to produce several critical pamphlets on Islam", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9e": " 1542, Luther read a Latin translation of the Qur'an. He went on to produce several critical pamphlets on Islam", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9f": " Latin translation of the Qur'an. He went on to produce several critical pamphlets on Islam", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca0": " 1542, Luther read a Latin translation of the Qur'an. He went on to produce several critical pamphlets on Islam", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca1": " 1542, Luther read a Latin translation of the Qur'an. He went on to produce several critical pamphlets on Islam", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022b": " Ten Commandments), revealed God's wrath to Christians", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022c": " Ten Commandments), revealed God's wrath to Christians", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022d": " Ten Commandments), revealed God's wrath to Christians", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022e": " Ten Commandments), revealed God's wrath to Christians", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022f": " Ten Commandments), revealed God's wrath to Christians", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0251": " Ten Commandments among Christians", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0252": " Ten Commandments among Christians", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0253": " Ten Commandments among Christians", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0254": " three letters l-a-w", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0255": " Ten Commandments among Christians", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025b": " a Christian should follow in his or her vocations on a daily basis", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025c": " Ten Commandments \u2013 when considered not as God's condemning judgment but as an expression of his eternal will, that is, of the natural law", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025d": " Ten Commandments \u2013 when considered not as God's condemning judgment but as an expression of his eternal will, that is, of the natural law", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025e": " Ten Commandments \u2013 when considered not as God's condemning judgment but as an expression of his eternal will, that is, of the natural law", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025f": " Ten Commandments \u2013 when considered not as God's condemning judgment but as an expression of his eternal will, that is, of the natural law", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da7": " Ten Commandments, and the beginnings of the renewed life of Christians accorded to them by the sacrament of baptism", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da8": " Ten Commandments, and the beginnings of the renewed life of Christians accorded to them by the sacrament of baptism", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da9": " a present foreshadowing of the believers' future angel-like life in heaven", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02b9": " Luther became implicated in the bigamy of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02ba": " December 1539, Luther became implicated in the bigamy of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bb": " December 1539, Luther became implicated in the bigamy of Philip I", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bc": " December 1539, Luther became implicated in the bigamy of Philip I", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bd": " December 1539, Luther became implicated in the bigamy of Philip I", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02eb": " Christianity", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ec": " Christianity", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ed": " Christianity", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ee": " Christianity", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ef": " 1523, Luther advised kindness toward the Jews in That Jesus Christ was Born a Jew and also aimed to convert them to Christianity", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e05": " three years before his death", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e06": "uteronomy 13, wherein Moses commands the killing of idolaters and the burning of their cities and property as an offering to God", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e07": "uteronomy 13, wherein Moses commands the killing of idolaters and the burning of their cities and property as an offering to God", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e08": " Deuteronomy 13, wherein Moses commands the killing of idolaters and the burning of their cities and property as an offering to God", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e09": "uteronomy 13, wherein Moses commands the killing of idolaters and the burning of their cities and property as an offering to God", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3b": " Josel of Rosheim, the Jewish spokesman", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3c": "uther spoke out against the Jews in Saxony, Brandenburg, and Silesia. Josel of Rosheim, the Jewish spokesman", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3d": " Saxony, Brandenburg, and Silesia", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3e": " Saxony, Brandenburg, and Silesia. Josel of Rosheim, the Jewish spokesman", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3f": " Saxony, Brandenburg, and Silesia. Josel of Rosheim, the Jewish spokesman", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e75": " antisemitism", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e76": " glass case at the Nuremberg rallies and quoted in a 54-page explanation of the Aryan Law", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e77": " glass case at the Nuremberg rallies and quoted in a 54-page explanation of the Aryan Law", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e78": " glass case at the Nuremberg rallies and quoted in a 54-page explanation of the Aryan Law", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e79": " glass case at the Nuremberg rallies and quoted in a 54-page explanation of the Aryan Law", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a0389": " 17 December 1941, seven Protestant regional church confederations issued a statement agreeing with the policy of forcing Jews to wear the yellow badge", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038a": " 17 December 1941, seven Protestant regional church confederations issued a statement agreeing with the policy of forcing Jews to wear the yellow badge", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038b": " 17 December 1941, seven Protestant regional church confederations issued a statement agreeing with the policy of forcing Jews to wear the yellow badge", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038c": " 17 December 1941, seven Protestant regional church confederations issued a statement agreeing with the policy of forcing Jews to wear the yellow badge", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038d": " 17 December 1941, seven Protestant regional church confederations issued a statement agreeing with the policy of forcing Jews to wear the yellow badge", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03bf": " ahistorical perspective of Nazi antisemitism", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c0": " ahistorical perspective of Nazi antisemitism", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c1": " ahistorical perspective of Nazi antisemitism", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c2": " ahistorical perspective of Nazi antisemitism", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c3": " ahistorical perspective of Nazi antisemitism", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03db": " National Socialists", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dc": " National Socialists", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dd": " National Socialists", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03de": " National Socialists", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03df": " National Socialists", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eed": " 1531\u201346", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eee": " antisemitic views developed during the years his health deteriorated, it is possible they were at least partly the product of a declining state of mind", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eef": " 1531\u201346", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef0": " 1531\u201346", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef1": " 1531\u201346", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f35": " Martin Luther's statements against the Jews and have rejected the use of them to incite hatred against Lutherans", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f36": " Martin Luther's statements against the Jews and have rejected the use of them to incite hatred against Lutherans", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f37": " Martin Luther's statements against the Jews and have rejected the use of them to incite hatred against Lutherans", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f38": " Martin Luther's statements against the Jews and have rejected the use of them to incite hatred against Lutherans", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f45": " fainting, tinnitus, and a cataract in one eye", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f46": " angina", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f47": " fainting, tinnitus, and a cataract in one eye", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f48": " angina.", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f49": " angina.", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f61": " Market Church", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f62": " Market Church", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f63": " Market Church", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f64": " Market Church", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f65": " Market Church in Halle", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7d": " 15 February 1546", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7e": " 15 February 1546", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7f": " 15 February 1546", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f80": " 15 February 1546", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f81": " 15 February 1546", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a0": " a third visit was needed in early 1546", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a1": " copper mining trade. Their livelihood was threatened by Count Albrecht of Mansfeld", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a2": " copper mining trade. Their livelihood was threatened by Count Albrecht of Mansfeld bringing the industry under his own control", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a3": " copper mining trade. Their livelihood was threatened by Count Albrecht of Mansfeld", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a4": " a third visit was needed in early 1546", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c6": " 17 February 1546", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c7": " 17 February 1546", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c8": ":5), the common prayer", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c9": " 17 February 1546", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04ca": " 17 February 1546", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e0": " 18 February 1546, aged 62, in Eisleben, the city of his birth. He was buried in the Castle Church in Wittenberg", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e1": " 18 February 1546", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e2": " 18 February 1546", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e3": " 18 February 1546", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e4": " 18 February 1546, aged 62, in Eisleben, the city of his birth. He was buried in the Castle Church in Wittenberg", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1007": "A piece of paper was later found on which Luther had written his last statement", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1008": "A piece of paper", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1009": "A piece of paper was later found on which Luther had written his last statement. The statement was in Latin", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0514": " German princes with whom he would join forces to spread Lutheranism", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0515": " German princes with whom he would join forces to spread Lutheranism", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0516": " German princes with whom he would join forces to spread Lutheranism", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0517": " German princes with whom he would join forces to spread Lutheranism", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0518": " 1530s and 1540s, printed images of Luther that emphasized his monumental size were crucial to the spread of Protestantism", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103d": " 18 February with a commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103e": " 18 February with a commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103f": " 18 February with a commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1040": " 18 February with a commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1041": " 18 February with a commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d4": " Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, and Ventura", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d5": " SoCal, is a geographic and cultural region that generally comprises California's southernmost 10 counties", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d6": " Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, and Ventura", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d7": " Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, and Ventura", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d8": " Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, and Ventura", "5705e33f52bb89140068964c": " Las Vegas", "5705e33f52bb89140068964d": " Las Vegas, Nevada", "5705e33f52bb89140068964e": " Las Vegas", "5705e33f52bb89140068964f": " Las Vegas, Nevada", "5705e33f52bb891400689650": " Las Vegas", "5705e3f252bb89140068966a": " Inland Empire, consisting of Riverside and San Bernardino counties", "5705e3f252bb89140068966b": " Inland Empire, consisting of Riverside and San Bernardino counties", "5705e3f252bb89140068966c": " Inland Empire, consisting of Riverside and San Bernardino counties", "5705e3f252bb89140068966d": " Inland Empire, consisting of Riverside and San Bernardino counties", "5705e3f252bb89140068966e": " Inland Empire, consisting of Riverside and San Bernardino counties", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7704": " Mojave Desert at the border with the state of Nevada", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7705": " Mojave Desert at the border with the state of Nevada", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7706": " Mojave Desert at the border with the state of Nevada", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7707": " Mojave Desert at the border with the state of Nevada", "5705e63175f01819005e7720": " Los Angeles is the most populous city in California and the second most populous in the United States", "5705e63175f01819005e7721": " Los Angeles is the most populous city in California and the second most populous in the United States", "5705e63175f01819005e7722": "621, Los Angeles is the most populous city in California and the second most populous in the United States", "5705e63175f01819005e7723": " Los Angeles is the most populous city in California and the second most populous in the United States", "5705e63175f01819005e7724": " Los Angeles is the most populous city in California and the second most populous in the United States", "5705e99452bb891400689688": " Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside are the five most populous in the state", "5705e99452bb891400689689": " Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside are the five most populous in the state", "5705e99452bb89140068968a": " Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside are the five most populous in the state", "5705e99452bb89140068968b": " Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside", "5705e99452bb89140068968c": " Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside", "5705eb3375f01819005e7764": " Walt Disney Company (which also owns ABC), Sony Pictures, Universal, MGM, Paramount Pictures, 20th Century Fox, and Warner Brothers", "5705eb3375f01819005e7765": " Walt Disney Company (which also owns ABC), Sony Pictures, Universal, MGM, Paramount Pictures, 20th Century Fox, and Warner Brothers", "5705eb3375f01819005e7766": " Walt Disney Company (which also owns ABC), Sony Pictures, Universal, MGM, Paramount Pictures, 20th Century Fox, and Warner Brothers", "5705eb3375f01819005e7767": " Walt Disney Company (which also owns ABC), Sony Pictures, Universal, MGM, Paramount Pictures, 20th Century Fox, and Warner Brothers", "5705eb3375f01819005e7768": " Walt Disney Company (which also owns ABC), Sony Pictures, Universal, MGM, Paramount Pictures, 20th Century Fox, and Warner Brothers", "5705ec1675f01819005e776e": " Professional skateboarder Tony Hawk", "5705ec1675f01819005e776f": " No Fear, RVCA, and Body Glove are all headquartered here. Professional skateboarder Tony Hawk", "5705ec1675f01819005e7770": " Professional skateboarder Tony Hawk", "5705ec1675f01819005e7771": " Professional skateboarder Tony Hawk", "5705ec1675f01819005e7772": " skateboarder Tony Hawk", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b8": " Palm Springs", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b9": " Palm Springs", "5705eccb52bb8914006896ba": "Many locals and tourists frequent the southern California coast for its popular beaches, and the desert city of Palm Springs", "5705eccb52bb8914006896bb": " open spaces", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ca": " Kern, and San Bernardino counties", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cb": " Kern, and San Bernardino counties", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cc": " Kern, and San Bernardino counties", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cd": " Tehachapi Mountains", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ce": " Tehachapi Mountains", "5705eee952bb8914006896de": " Monterey in the upper part and Los Angeles in the lower part of Alta California", "5705eee952bb8914006896df": " Monterey in the upper part and Los Angeles in the lower part of Alta California", "5705eee952bb8914006896e0": " Monterey in the upper part and Los Angeles in the lower part of Alta California", "5705eee952bb8914006896e1": " Monterey in the upper part and Los Angeles in the lower part of Alta California", "5705eee952bb8914006896e2": " Monterey in the upper part and Los Angeles in the lower part of Alta California", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a4": " 1859, was passed by the California State Legislature and signed by the State governor John B. Weller", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a5": " lightly populated \"Cow Counties\" of southern California", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a6": " 1859, was passed by the California State Legislature and signed by the State governor John B. Weller", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a7": " 1859, was passed by the California State Legislature and signed by the State governor John B. Weller", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a8": " 1859, was passed by the California State Legislature and signed by the State governor John B. Weller", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f0": "perial\u2014to that list", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f1": "Imperial\u2014to that list", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f2": "perial\u2014to that list", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f3": "perial\u2014to that list", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f4": "perial\u2014to that list", "5705f36452bb891400689718": " Kern and San Bernardino Counties would be included in the southern California region due to their remoteness from the central valley and interior desert landscape", "5705f36452bb891400689719": " Kern and San Bernardino Counties would be included in the southern California region due to their remoteness from the central valley and interior desert landscape", "5705f36452bb89140068971a": " Kern and San Bernardino Counties would be included in the southern California region due to their remoteness from the central valley and interior desert landscape", "5705f36452bb89140068971b": " Kern and San Bernardino Counties would be included in the southern California region due to their remoteness from the central valley and interior desert landscape", "5705f36452bb89140068971c": " Kern and San Bernardino Counties would be included in the southern California region due to their remoteness from the central valley and interior desert landscape", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dc": " undeveloped. It is the third most populated megalopolis in the United States", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dd": " megalopolis. Much of southern California is famous for its large, spread-out, suburban communities and use of automobiles", "5705f7c875f01819005e77de": " megalopolis. Much of southern California is famous for its large, spread-out, suburban communities and use of automobiles", "5705f7c875f01819005e77df": " megalopolis. Much of southern California is famous for its large, spread-out, suburban communities and use of automobiles and highways", "5705f7c875f01819005e77e0": " megalopolis. Much of southern California is famous for its large, spread-out, suburban communities and use of automobiles", "5705fb7f52bb891400689750": " Murrieta have as much connection with the San Diego metropolitan area as they do with the Inland Empire", "5705fb7f52bb891400689751": " Murrieta have as much connection with the San Diego metropolitan area as they do with the Inland Empire", "5705fb7f52bb891400689752": " Murrieta have as much connection with the San Diego metropolitan area as they do with the Inland Empire", "5705fb7f52bb891400689753": " Murrieta have as much connection with the San Diego metropolitan area as they do with the Inland Empire", "5705fb7f52bb891400689754": " Murrieta have as much connection with the San Diego metropolitan area as they do with the Inland Empire", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976a": " Serious rain can occur unusually. In the summers, temperature ranges are 90-60's while as winters are 70-50's", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976b": " Serious rain can occur unusually. In the summers, temperature ranges are 90-60's while as winters are 70-50's", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976c": " Serious rain can occur unusually. In the summers, temperature ranges are 90-60's while as winters are 70-50's", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976d": " Serious rain can occur unusually. In the summers, temperature ranges are 90-60's while as winters are 70-50's", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976e": "Southern California contains a Mediterranean climate, with infrequent rain and many sunny days", "5705fd8475f01819005e7841": " Peninsular Ranges", "5705fd8475f01819005e7840": " Peninsular Ranges", "5705fd8475f01819005e7842": " Peninsular Ranges", "5705fd8475f01819005e7843": " Peninsular Ranges", "5705fd8475f01819005e7844": " Peninsular Ranges", "5705fec152bb89140068977a": " $20 billion", "5705fec152bb89140068977b": " $20 billion", "5705fec152bb89140068977c": " $20 billion", "5705fec152bb89140068977d": " $20 billion", "5705fec152bb89140068977e": " $20 billion", "5705ffde52bb891400689784": " Jacinto Fault, the Puente Hills Fault, and the Elsinore Fault Zone", "5705ffde52bb891400689785": " Jacinto Fault, the Puente Hills Fault, and the Elsinore Fault Zone", "5705ffde52bb891400689786": " Jacinto Fault, the Puente Hills Fault, and the Elsinore Fault Zone", "5705ffde52bb891400689787": " Jacinto Fault, the Puente Hills Fault, and the Elsinore Fault Zone. The USGS has released a California Earthquake forecast", "5705ffde52bb891400689788": " Jacinto Fault, the Puente Hills Fault, and the Elsinore Fault Zone", "570602fa52bb89140068979e": " tourist destinations. Each region is further divided into many culturally distinct areas but as a whole combine to create the southern California atmosphere", "570602fa52bb89140068979f": " tourist destinations. Each region is further divided into many culturally distinct areas but as a whole combine to create the southern California atmosphere", "570602fa52bb8914006897a0": " tourist destinations. Each region is further divided into many culturally distinct areas but as a whole combine to create the southern California atmosphere", "570603c475f01819005e7882": " 10.0% in the 2000s", "570603c475f01819005e7883": " 10.0% in the 2000s", "570603c475f01819005e7884": " 10.0% in the 2000s", "570603c475f01819005e7885": " 10.0% in the 2000s", "570603c475f01819005e7886": " 10.0% in the 2000s", "5706074552bb8914006897d4": " five million in population", "5706074552bb8914006897d5": " five million in population", "5706074552bb8914006897d6": " five million in population", "5706074552bb8914006897d7": " 17,786,419, and San Diego\u2013Tijuana at 5,105,768", "5706074552bb8914006897d8": " 17,786,419, and San Diego\u2013Tijuana at 5,105,768", "570607f575f01819005e78b4": "Los Angeles (at 3.7 million people) and San Diego", "570607f575f01819005e78b5": "Los Angeles (at 3.7 million people) and San Diego", "570607f575f01819005e78b6": "Los Angeles (at 3.7 million people) and San Diego (at 1.3 million people), both in southern California", "570607f575f01819005e78b7": "Los Angeles (at 3.7 million people) and San Diego", "570607f575f01819005e78b8": " 200,000 residents", "5706094b52bb8914006897de": "Southern California's economy is diverse and one of the largest in the United States", "5706094b52bb8914006897df": " vast majority of transport runs on this fuel. Southern California is famous for tourism and Hollywood (film, television, and music", "5706094b52bb8914006897e0": "Southern California's economy is diverse and one of the largest in the United States", "5706094b52bb8914006897e1": " vast majority of transport runs on this fuel. Southern California is famous for tourism and Hollywood (film, television, and music", "5706094b52bb8914006897e2": " The region was a leader in the housing bubble 2001\u20132007", "57060a1175f01819005e78d2": " farmlands were turned into suburbs", "57060a1175f01819005e78d3": " U.S., cattle and citrus were major industries until farmlands were turned into suburbs", "57060a1175f01819005e78d5": " farmlands were turned into suburbs", "57060a1175f01819005e78d4": " U.S., cattle and citrus were major industries until farmlands were turned into suburbs", "57060a1175f01819005e78d6": " U.S., cattle and citrus were major industries until farmlands were turned into suburbs", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f8": "CBD)", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f9": "CBD) include Downtown Los Angeles", "57060a6e52bb8914006897fa": " Los Angeles", "57060cc352bb89140068980e": " Glendale and Downtown Long Beach", "57060cc352bb89140068980f": " Burbank, Downtown Santa Monica, Downtown Glendale and Downtown Long Beach", "57060cc352bb891400689810": " Glendale and Downtown Long Beach", "57060cc352bb891400689811": " Burbank", "57060df252bb891400689820": "Riverside area maintains the business districts of Downtown San Bernardino, Hospitality Business/Financial Centre, University Town which are in San Bernardino and Downtown Riverside", "57060df252bb891400689821": "Riverside area maintains the business districts of Downtown San Bernardino, Hospitality Business/Financial Centre, University Town which are in San Bernardino and Downtown Riverside", "57060df252bb891400689822": "iverside area maintains the business districts of Downtown San Bernardino, Hospitality Business/Financial Centre, University Town which are in San Bernardino and Downtown Riverside", "57060eaf75f01819005e7910": "Orange County is a rapidly developing business center that includes Downtown Santa Ana, the South Coast Metro and Newport Center", "57060eaf75f01819005e7911": "Orange County is a rapidly developing business center that includes Downtown Santa Ana, the South Coast Metro and Newport Center", "57060eaf75f01819005e7912": "Orange County is a rapidly developing business center that includes Downtown Santa Ana, the South Coast Metro and Newport Center", "57060eaf75f01819005e7913": "Orange County is a rapidly developing business center that includes Downtown Santa Ana, the South Coast Metro and Newport Center", "57060eaf75f01819005e7914": " a rapidly developing business center that includes Downtown Santa Ana, the South Coast Metro and Newport Center", "57060f3e75f01819005e7922": " Carmel Valley, Del Mar Heights, Mission Valley, Rancho Bernardo, Sorrento Mesa, and University City", "57060f3e75f01819005e7923": " Carmel Valley, Del Mar Heights, Mission Valley, Rancho Bernardo, Sorrento Mesa, and University City", "57060f3e75f01819005e7924": " Carmel Valley, Del Mar Heights, Mission Valley, Rancho Bernardo, Sorrento Mesa, and University City", "57060f3e75f01819005e7925": " Carmel Valley, Del Mar Heights, Mission Valley, Rancho Bernardo, Sorrento Mesa, and University City", "570610b275f01819005e792a": " Los Angeles International Airport, the second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume", "570610b275f01819005e792b": " Van Nuys Airport, the world's busiest general aviation airport; major commercial airports at Orange County, Bakersfield, Ontario", "570610b275f01819005e792c": "Southern California is home to Los Angeles International Airport, the second-busiest airport in the United States", "570610b275f01819005e792d": " Los Angeles International Airport, the second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume", "570610b275f01819005e792e": " Los Angeles International Airport, the second-busiest airport in the United States", "5706111a52bb89140068984c": " Metrolink, run out of Downtown Los Angeles, connecting Los Angeles, Ventura, San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, and San Diego counties", "5706111a52bb89140068984d": " Metrolink, run out of Downtown Los Angeles, connecting Los Angeles, Ventura, San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, and San Diego counties", "5706111a52bb89140068984e": " Metrolink, run out of Downtown Los Angeles, connecting Los Angeles, Ventura, San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, and San Diego counties", "5706111a52bb89140068984f": " Metrolink, run out of Downtown Los Angeles, connecting Los Angeles, Ventura, San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, and San Diego", "570611c475f01819005e793c": "Southern California is also home to the Port of Los Angeles, the United States' busiest commercial port; the adjacent Port of Long Beach", "570611c475f01819005e793d": "Southern California is also home to the Port of Los Angeles, the United States' busiest commercial port; the adjacent Port of Long Beach", "570611c475f01819005e793e": " Los Angeles", "5706139252bb891400689864": " Tech Coast is a moniker that has gained use as a descriptor for the region's diversified technology", "5706139252bb891400689865": " Tech Coast is a moniker that has gained use as a descriptor for the region", "5706139252bb891400689866": " Tech Coast is a moniker that has gained use as a descriptor for the region", "5706139252bb891400689867": "Irvine, Los Angeles, Riverside, Santa Barbara, and San Diego", "5706139252bb891400689868": " Scripps College), Loma Linda University, Loyola Marymount University, Occidental College, Pepperdine University, University of Redlands", "5706143575f01819005e7950": "Los Angeles Lakers, Los Angeles Clippers); MLB", "5706143575f01819005e7951": "Los Angeles Lakers, Los Angeles Clippers); MLB", "5706143575f01819005e7952": "Los Angeles Lakers, Los Angeles Clippers); MLB", "5706143575f01819005e7953": "Los Angeles Dodgers, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, San Diego Padres); NHL (Los Angeles Kings, Anaheim Ducks); and MLS", "5706143575f01819005e7954": "Los Angeles Lakers, Los Angeles Clippers); MLB", "5706149552bb891400689880": " Chivas USA", "5706149552bb891400689881": " Los Angeles \u2014 the LA Galaxy and Chivas USA", "5706149552bb891400689882": " Chivas USA", "5706149552bb891400689883": " Chivas USA", "5706149552bb891400689884": " Chivas were suspended following the 2014 MLS season, with a second MLS team scheduled to return in 2018", "570614ff52bb89140068988a": "College sports are also popular in southern California. The UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans both field teams", "570614ff52bb89140068988b": "College sports are also popular in southern California", "570614ff52bb89140068988c": " USC Trojans both field teams in NCAA Division I in the Pac-12 Conference", "570614ff52bb89140068988d": "College sports are also popular in southern California. The UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans both field teams", "570614ff52bb89140068988e": " USC Trojans both field teams in NCAA Division I in the Pac-12 Conference", "5706155352bb891400689894": " school sport", "5706155352bb891400689895": " school sport", "5706155352bb891400689896": " school sport", "57092322efce8f15003a7db0": " November 1990 by the equal merger of Sky Television and British Satellite Broadcasting, BSkyB", "57092322efce8f15003a7db1": " November 1990 by the equal merger of Sky Television and British Satellite Broadcasting", "57092322efce8f15003a7db2": " November 1990 by the equal merger of Sky Television and British Satellite Broadcasting, BSkyB became the UK's largest digital subscription television company", "57092322efce8f15003a7db3": " Sky plc", "57092322efce8f15003a7db4": " November 1990 by the equal merger of Sky Television and British Satellite Broadcasting, BSkyB became the UK's largest digital subscription television company", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc4": " Setanta Sports was awarded two of the six Premier League packages", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc5": " Setanta Sports was awarded two of the six Premier League packages", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc6": " Setanta Sports was awarded two of the six Premier League packages that the English FA offered to broadcasters", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc7": " Setanta Sports was awarded two of the six Premier League packages", "57094b4f9928a814004714f6": " BSkyB provided Sky Travel to the service. However, this was replaced by Sky Three on 31 October 2005", "57094b4f9928a814004714f7": " BSkyB provided Sky Travel to the service. However, this was replaced by Sky Three on 31 October 2005", "57094b4f9928a814004714f8": " BSkyB provided Sky Travel to the service. However, this was replaced by Sky Three on 31 October 2005", "57094b4f9928a814004714f9": " 31 October 2005", "57094b4f9928a814004714fa": " Three on 31 October 2005", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd6": "+ at women. As of 31 March 2008, Sky had 3,393,000 Sky+ users", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd7": " Sky launched a new TV advertising campaign targeting Sky+ at women. As of 31 March 2008, Sky had 3,393,000 Sky+ users", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd8": "+ at women. As of 31 March 2008, Sky had 3,393,000 Sky+ users", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd9": "+ at women. As of 31 March 2008, Sky had 3,393,000 Sky+ users", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dda": "+ at women. As of 31 March 2008, Sky had 3,393,000 Sky+ users", "57094d489928a8140047150a": "Guard pay-TV scrambling system owned by NDS, a Cisco Systems company. There are tight controls over use of VideoGuard decoders", "57094d489928a8140047150b": " Personal video recorder", "57094d489928a8140047150c": "Guard pay-TV scrambling system owned by NDS, a Cisco Systems company. There are tight controls over use of VideoGuard decoders", "57094d489928a8140047150d": "Guard pay-TV scrambling system owned by NDS, a Cisco Systems company. There are tight controls over use of VideoGuard decoders", "57094d489928a8140047150e": "Guard pay-TV scrambling system owned by NDS, a Cisco Systems company. There are tight controls over use of VideoGuard decoders", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dff": " 1 March 2007", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dfe": " 1 March 2007", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e00": " 1 March 2007", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e01": " 1 March 2007", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e02": " 1 March 2007", "570960cf200fba1400367f01": "financial and other terms, the details of which are confidential\". On 27 January 2014, Microsoft announced \"that SkyDrive will soon become OneDrive\"", "570960cf200fba1400367f02": " 31 July 2013, BSkyB and Microsoft announced their settlement", "570960cf200fba1400367f03": "financial and other terms, the details of which are confidential\". On 27 January 2014, Microsoft announced \"that SkyDrive will soon become OneDrive\"", "570960cf200fba1400367f04": "financial and other terms, the details of which are confidential\". On 27 January 2014, Microsoft announced \"that SkyDrive will soon become OneDrive\"", "570960cf200fba1400367f05": "financial and other terms, the details of which are confidential\". On 27 January 2014, Microsoft announced \"that SkyDrive will soon become OneDrive\"", "570961aa200fba1400367f15": " 27 September 2001", "570961aa200fba1400367f16": " 27 September 2001", "570961aa200fba1400367f17": " 27 September 2001", "570961aa200fba1400367f18": " 27 September 2001", "570961aa200fba1400367f19": " 27 September 2001", "570963a5200fba1400367f33": " April 2007", "570963a5200fba1400367f34": " April 2007", "570963a5200fba1400367f35": " 11 million customers as of 2015", "570963a5200fba1400367f36": " April 2007", "57096505ed30961900e84082": " 18 November 2015, Sky announced Sky Q, a range of products and services to be available in 2016", "57096505ed30961900e84083": " 18 November 2015, Sky announced Sky Q, a range of products and services to be available in 2016", "57096505ed30961900e84084": " satellite feeds", "57096505ed30961900e84085": " 18 November 2015, Sky announced Sky Q, a range of products and services to be available in 2016", "57096505ed30961900e84086": " 18 November 2015, Sky announced Sky Q, a range of products and services to be available in 2016", "570966e0200fba1400367f4f": " DVB", "570966e0200fba1400367f50": " DVB-compliant MPEG-2, with the Sky Movies and Sky Box Office channels including optional Dolby Digital soundtracks", "570966e0200fba1400367f51": " DVB-compliant MPEG-2, with the Sky Movies and Sky Box Office channels", "570966e0200fba1400367f52": " DVB", "570966e0200fba1400367f53": " DVB", "570967c4ed30961900e840ba": " Astra 2A satellite", "570967c4ed30961900e840bb": " Astra 2A satellite", "570967c4ed30961900e840bc": " 28.5\u00b0E orbital position, unlike the analogue service which was broadcast from 19.2\u00b0E", "570967c4ed30961900e840bd": " 28.5\u00b0E orbital position", "570967c4ed30961900e840be": " Astra 2A satellite", "5709686c200fba1400367f77": " 22 May 2006", "5709686c200fba1400367f78": " 22 May 2006", "5709686c200fba1400367f79": " 22 May 2006", "5709686c200fba1400367f7a": " 22 May 2006", "5709686c200fba1400367f7b": " 22 May 2006", "57096b66200fba1400367fa7": " 8 February 2007, BSkyB announced its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels", "57096b66200fba1400367fa8": " BSkyB portfolio", "57096b66200fba1400367fa9": " Setanta Sports confirmed that it would launch in March as a subscription service", "57096b66200fba1400367faa": " BSkyB portfolio", "57096b66200fba1400367fab": " Setanta Sports confirmed that it would launch in March as a subscription service", "57096c95200fba1400367fbb": " Ku band LNB (9.75/10.600 GHz", "57096c95200fba1400367fbc": " Ku band LNB (9.75/10.600 GHz", "57096c95200fba1400367fbd": " Ku band LNB (9.75/10.600 GHz", "57096c95200fba1400367fbe": " Ku band LNB (9.75/10.600 GHz", "57096c95200fba1400367fbf": " Ku band LNB", "57096e1ced30961900e84102": " \u00a318m to \u00a334m per year", "57096e1ced30961900e84103": " \u00a318m to \u00a334m per year", "57096e1ced30961900e84104": " \u00a318m to \u00a334m per year", "57096e1ced30961900e84105": " BSkyB paying \u00a3304m for the Premier League rights", "57096e1ced30961900e84106": " \u00a318m to \u00a334m per year", "57096f37200fba1400367fe5": " 28\u00b0 East is entitled to access to BSkyB's EPG", "57096f37200fba1400367fe6": " Ofcom", "57096f37200fba1400367fe7": " 28\u00b0 East is entitled to access to BSkyB's EPG", "57096f37200fba1400367fe8": " 28\u00b0 East is entitled to access to BSkyB's EPG", "57096f37200fba1400367fe9": " 28\u00b0 East is entitled to access to BSkyB's EPG", "57097051ed30961900e84132": " 1 October 1998", "57097051ed30961900e84133": " 1 October 1998", "57097051ed30961900e84134": " 1 October 1998", "57097051ed30961900e84135": " 1 October 1998", "57097051ed30961900e84136": " 1 October 1998", "57097141200fba1400367ff9": " 30 November 2006 until 30 July 2009 it only carried one linear HD channel", "57097141200fba1400367ffa": " 30 November 2006 until 30 July 2009 it only carried one linear HD channel", "57097141200fba1400367ffb": " 30 November 2006 until 30 July 2009 it only carried one linear HD channel", "57097141200fba1400367ffc": " 30 November 2006 until 30 July 2009 it only carried one linear HD channel, BBC HD, after the conclusion of the ITV HD trial", "57097141200fba1400367ffd": " 30 November 2006 until 30 July 2009 it only carried one linear HD channel", "57097b50200fba140036804d": " 10 million homes in 2010, Europe", "57097b50200fba140036804e": " 10 million homes in 2010", "57097b50200fba140036804f": " 10 million homes in 2010, Europe", "57097b50200fba1400368050": " 10 million homes in 2010", "57097b50200fba1400368051": " 10 million homes in 2010", "57097c8fed30961900e841f2": " Conservative MP Alec Shelbrooke was proposing the payments", "57097c8fed30961900e841f3": " Daily Mail newspaper reported in 2012", "57097c8fed30961900e841f4": " sports channels would betray a man's presence in the household", "57097c8fed30961900e841f5": " Conservative MP Alec Shelbrooke was proposing the payments of benefits and tax credits", "57097c8fed30961900e841f6": " BSkyB was \u2018often damaging\u2019, along with alcohol, tobacco and gambling", "57097d63ed30961900e841fc": " \u00a330m for the channels with both channel suppliers able to secure additional capped payments", "57097d63ed30961900e841fd": " \u00a330m", "57097d63ed30961900e841fe": " \u00a330m", "57097d63ed30961900e841ff": " \u00a330m", "57097d63ed30961900e84200": " \u00a330m", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3d": " gross state product (GSP) is ranked second in Australia, although Victoria is ranked fourth in terms of GSP per capita", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3e": " service sectors including financial and property services, health, education, wholesale, retail, hospitality and manufacturing", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3f": " service sectors including financial and property services, health, education, wholesale, retail, hospitality and manufacturing", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c40": " service sectors including financial and property services, health, education, wholesale, retail, hospitality and manufacturing", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c41": " gross state product (GSP) is ranked second in Australia, although Victoria is ranked fourth in terms of GSP per capita", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c47": " over 1,000 miners", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c48": " over 1,000 miners", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c49": " Bendigo and its environs. Although there was some racism directed at them", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4a": " over 1,000 miners", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4b": " over 1,000 miners", "570d26efb3d812140066d48f": " 44 members elected to eight-year terms from 22 two-member electorates", "570d26efb3d812140066d490": " 44 members elected to eight-year terms from 22 two-member electorates", "570d26efb3d812140066d491": " 44 members elected to eight-year terms from 22 two-member electorates", "570d26efb3d812140066d492": " 44 members elected to eight-year terms from 22 two-member electorates", "570d26efb3d812140066d493": " 44 members elected to eight-year terms", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a3": " Geelong", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a4": " Geelong", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a5": " rural-based National Party of Australia, and the environmentalist Australian Greens", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a6": " rural-based National Party of Australia, and the environmentalist Australian Greens", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a7": " rural-based National Party of Australia, and the environmentalist Australian Greens", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bd": " 152,775 Muslims", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4be": " 152,775 Muslims", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bf": "775 Muslims", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c0": " 152,775 Muslims", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c1": " 152,775 Muslims", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c93": " Vic) is a state in the south-east of Australia", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c94": " Vic) is a state in the south-east of Australia", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c95": " Vic) is a state in the south-east of Australia", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c96": " Vic) is a state in the south-east of Australia", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c97": " Vic) is a state in the south-east of Australia. Victoria is Australia's most densely populated state and its second-most populous state overall", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca7": " 135th meridian east in 1788, Victoria was included in the wider colony of New South Wales", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca8": " 135th meridian east in 1788", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca9": " 135th meridian east in 1788, Victoria was included in the wider colony of New South Wales", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45caa": " 135th meridian east in 1788, Victoria was included in the wider colony of New South Wales", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45cab": " 135th meridian east in 1788, Victoria was included in the wider colony of New South Wales", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbb": " stone fruit production. The main vegetable crops include asparagus, broccoli, carrots, potatoes and tomatoes", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbc": " stone fruit production. The main vegetable crops include asparagus, broccoli, carrots, potatoes and tomatoes", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbd": " stone fruit production. The main vegetable crops include asparagus, broccoli, carrots, potatoes and tomatoes", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbe": " stone fruit production. The main vegetable crops include asparagus, broccoli, carrots, potatoes and tomatoes", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbf": " stone fruit production. The main vegetable crops include asparagus, broccoli, carrots, potatoes and tomatoes", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45ccf": " 1855 colonial constitution, passed by the United Kingdom Parliament as the Victoria Constitution Act 1855", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd0": " 1855 colonial constitution, passed by the United Kingdom Parliament as the Victoria Constitution Act 1855", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd1": " colonial constitution, passed by the United Kingdom Parliament as the Victoria Constitution Act 1855", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd2": " 1855 colonial constitution, passed by the United Kingdom Parliament as the Victoria Constitution Act 1855", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd3": " 1855 colonial constitution, passed by the United Kingdom Parliament as the Victoria Constitution Act 1855", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce3": " Hopetoun on 7 February 2009", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce4": " Hopetoun on 7 February 2009", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce5": " 7 February 2009", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce6": " 7 February 2009", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce7": " Hopetoun on 7 February 2009", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d01": " Public schools, also known as state or government schools, are funded and run directly by the Victoria Department of Education", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d02": " Public schools, also known as state or government schools, are funded and run directly by the Victoria Department of Education", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d03": " Public schools, also known as state or government schools, are funded and run directly by the Victoria Department of Education", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d04": " Public schools, also known as state or government schools, are funded and run directly by the Victoria Department of Education", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d05": " Public schools, also known as state or government schools, are funded and run directly by the Victoria Department of Education", "570d3468b3d812140066d543": " car brands Ford, Toyota and Holden", "570d3468b3d812140066d544": " May 2013", "570d3468b3d812140066d545": " May 2013", "570d3468b3d812140066d546": " no longer be a base for the global car industry, with Toyota's statement in February 2014 outlining a closure year of 2017", "570d3468b3d812140066d547": " car brands Ford, Toyota and Holden", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54d": " temperate climate of Gippsland", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54e": " temperate climate of Gippsland in the southeast to the snow-covered Victorian alpine areas which rise to almost 2,000 m", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54f": "986 m (6,516 ft). There are extensive semi-arid plains to the west and northwest", "570d35b7b3d812140066d550": " temperate climate of Gippsland", "570d35b7b3d812140066d551": " temperate climate of Gippsland", "570d391fb3d812140066d575": " \u221211.7 \u00b0C (10.9 \u00b0F) was recorded at Omeo on 13 June 1965", "570d391fb3d812140066d576": " \u221211.7 \u00b0C (10.9 \u00b0F) was recorded at Omeo on 13 June 1965", "570d391fb3d812140066d577": " 13 June 1965", "570d391fb3d812140066d578": " \u221211.7 \u00b0C (10.9 \u00b0F) was recorded at Omeo on 13 June 1965", "570d391fb3d812140066d579": " \u221211.7 \u00b0C (10.9 \u00b0F) was recorded at Omeo on 13 June 1965", "570d4030fed7b91900d45d9f": " Major operators include: Metro Trains Melbourne which runs an extensive, electrified, passenger system throughout Melbourne", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da0": " Major operators include: Metro Trains Melbourne which runs an extensive, electrified, passenger system throughout Melbourne", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da1": " Major operators include: Metro Trains", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da2": " Major operators include: Metro Trains", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da3": " Metro Trains Melbourne which runs an extensive, electrified, passenger system throughout Melbourne and suburbs; V/Line which is now owned by the Victorian Government", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbd": " 37 seats in the Australian House of Representatives and 12 seats in the Australian Senate", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbe": " 37 seats in the Australian House of Representatives and 12 seats in the Australian Senate", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbf": " 37 seats in the Australian House of Representatives and 12 seats in the Australian Senate", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc0": " 37 seats in the Australian House of Representatives and 12 seats in the Australian Senate", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc1": " 37 seats in the Australian House of Representatives and 12 seats in the Australian Senate. At state level, the Parliament", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd7": " 1851\u20131860", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd8": " 1851\u20131860", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd9": " 1851\u20131860", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dda": " 1851\u20131860", "570d4329fed7b91900d45ddb": " 1851\u20131860", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fd": " 540,800 students were enrolled in public schools, and just over 311,800 in private schools", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fe": " 540,800 students were enrolled in public schools, and just over 311,800 in private schools", "570d44abb3d812140066d5ff": " 540,800 students were enrolled in public schools, and just over 311,800 in private schools", "570d44abb3d812140066d600": " 540,800 students were enrolled in public schools, and just over 311,800 in private schools", "570d44abb3d812140066d601": " 540,800 students were enrolled in public schools, and just over 311,800 in private schools", "570d4606b3d812140066d619": " 60% of Australia's 3 million dairy cattle", "570d4606b3d812140066d61a": " 60% of Australia's 3 million dairy cattle", "570d4606b3d812140066d61b": "$109 million", "570d4606b3d812140066d61c": " 60% of Australia's 3 million dairy cattle", "570d4606b3d812140066d61d": " 60% of Australia's 3 million dairy cattle", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62d": " Two tourist railways operate over 760 mm (2 ft 6 in) narrow gauge", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62e": " Two tourist railways operate over 760 mm (2 ft 6 in) narrow gauge", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62f": " Two tourist railways operate over 760 mm (2 ft 6 in) narrow gauge", "570d47b8b3d812140066d630": " Two tourist railways operate over 760 mm (2 ft 6 in) narrow gauge lines, which are the remnants of five formerly government-owned lines", "570d47b8b3d812140066d631": " Two tourist railways operate over 760 mm (2 ft 6 in) narrow gauge lines, which are the remnants of five formerly government-owned lines", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e13": " 1803", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e14": " 1788, Australia was divided into an eastern half named New South Wales and a western half named New Holland", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e15": " 1803", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e16": " 1788, Australia was divided into an eastern half named New South Wales and a western half named New Holland", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e31": " Imperial Parliament granted Victoria responsible government with the passage of the Colony of Victoria Act 1855", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e33": " Imperial Parliament granted Victoria responsible government with the passage of the Colony of Victoria Act 1855", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e32": " Imperial Parliament granted Victoria responsible government with the passage of the Colony of Victoria Act 1855", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e34": " Imperial Parliament granted Victoria responsible government with the passage of the Colony of Victoria Act 1855", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e35": " Imperial Parliament granted Victoria responsible government with the passage of the Colony of Victoria Act 1855", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66d": " public face of government and, with cabinet, sets the legislative and political agenda. Cabinet consists of representatives elected to either house of parliament", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66e": " public face of government and, with cabinet, sets the legislative and political agenda. Cabinet consists of representatives elected to either house of parliament", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66f": " public face of government and, with cabinet, sets the legislative and political agenda. Cabinet consists of representatives elected to either house of parliament", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d670": " Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d671": " public face of government and, with cabinet, sets the legislative and political agenda. Cabinet consists of representatives elected to either house of parliament", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7d": " 17% to $8.7 billion. This represented 24% of national agricultural production total gross value", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7e": " 17% to $8.7 billion. This represented 24% of national agricultural production total gross value", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7f": " 17% to $8.7 billion. This represented 24% of national agricultural production total gross value", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e80": " 17% to $8.7 billion", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e81": " 17% to $8.7 billion", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bb": " Geelong and numerous local festivals", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bc": " Geelong and numerous local festivals", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bd": " Geelong and numerous local festivals", "570d529fb3d812140066d6be": " Geelong and numerous local festivals", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bf": " Geelong and numerous local festivals", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699e": " two million by 1562, concentrated mainly in the southern and central parts of France, about one-eighth the number of French Catholics", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699f": " 1562, concentrated mainly in the southern and central parts of France, about one-eighth the number of French Catholics", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a0": " A series of religious conflicts followed, known as the Wars of Religion, fought intermittently from 1562 to 1598", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a1": " A series of religious conflicts followed, known as the Wars of Religion, fought intermittently from 1562 to 1598", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a2": " 1562, concentrated mainly in the southern and central parts of France, about one-eighth the number of French Catholics", "57106185b654c5140001f8db": " 1532) and the religiously conflicted nature of Swiss republicanism", "57106185b654c5140001f8dd": " 1532) and the religiously conflicted nature of Swiss republicanism", "57106185b654c5140001f8dc": " 1532) and the religiously conflicted nature of Swiss republicanism", "57106185b654c5140001f8de": " Huguenot", "57106185b654c5140001f8df": " 1532) and the religiously conflicted nature of Swiss republicanism", "57106644b654c5140001f8e5": "vernacular languages was important to the spread of the Protestant movement and development of the Reformed church in France", "57106644b654c5140001f8e6": "vernacular languages was important to the spread of the Protestant movement and development of the Reformed church in France", "57106644b654c5140001f8e7": "vernacular languages was important to the spread of the Protestant movement and development of the Reformed church in France", "57106644b654c5140001f8e8": "vernacular languages was important to the spread of the Protestant movement and development of the Reformed church in France", "57106644b654c5140001f8e9": "vernacular languages was important to the spread of the Protestant movement and development of the Reformed church in France", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8ef": " 66 \"villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9\" that the Edict of 1598 granted to the Huguenots", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f0": " 66 \"villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9\" that the Edict of 1598 granted to the Huguenots", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f2": " 66 \"villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9\" that the Edict of 1598 granted to the Huguenots", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f1": " 66 \"villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9\" that the Edict of 1598 granted to the Huguenots", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f3": " 66 \"villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9\" that the Edict of 1598 granted to the Huguenots", "571077ecb654c5140001f909": " 6 April 1652", "571077ecb654c5140001f90a": " 6 April 1652", "571077ecb654c5140001f90b": " 6 April 1652", "571077ecb654c5140001f90c": " 6 April 1652", "571077ecb654c5140001f90d": " 6 April 1652", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ca": " Nova Scotia", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cb": " Nova Scotia", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cc": " Nova Scotia", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cd": " Nova Scotia", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ce": " Nova Scotia", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69df": " Edmund Bohun of Suffolk England from the Humphrey de Bohun line of French royalty descended from Charlemagne", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e1": " Edmund Bohun of Suffolk England from the Humphrey de Bohun line of French royalty descended from Charlemagne", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e2": " Huguenots also settled in the area of present-day Charleston, South Carolina", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e0": " Baronies, they prospered as slave owners on the Cooper, Ashepoo, Ashley and Santee River plantations", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69de": " Edmund Bohun of Suffolk England from the Humphrey de Bohun line of French royalty descended from Charlemagne", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e8": " 1672. William formed the League of Augsburg", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e9": " Huguenots considered the wealthy and Calvinist Dutch Republic, which led the opposition to Louis XIV", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ea": " William formed the League of Augsburg", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69eb": " French-speaking Calvinist churches", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ec": " William formed the League of Augsburg", "57107d73b654c5140001f91d": " Huguenots", "57107d73b654c5140001f91e": " Huguenots", "57107d73b654c5140001f91f": " Huguenots", "57107d73b654c5140001f920": " Huguenots had fled France by the early 18th century", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f2": "The Catholic Church in France and many of its members opposed the Huguenots", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f3": "The Catholic Church in France and many of its members opposed the Huguenots", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f4": " congregants were attacked as they attempted to meet for worship. The height of this persecution was the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f5": "achers and congregants were attacked as they attempted to meet for worship. The height of this persecution was the St. Bartholomew's Day", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f6": " Huguenots", "57108073b654c5140001f927": " a Huguenot before converting to Catholicism, who had protected Protestants through the Edict of Nantes. His successor Louis XIII", "57108073b654c5140001f926": " a Huguenot before converting to Catholicism, who had protected Protestants through the Edict of Nantes. His successor Louis XIII", "57108073b654c5140001f928": " Catholicism, who had protected Protestants through the Edict of Nantes. His successor Louis XIII", "57108073b654c5140001f929": " a Huguenot before converting to Catholicism, who had protected Protestants through the Edict of Nantes. His successor Louis XIII", "57108073b654c5140001f925": " Henry IV, a Huguenot before converting to Catholicism, who had protected Protestants through the Edict of Nantes. His successor Louis XIII", "57108198b654c5140001f937": "roximately one million Protestants in modern France represent some 2% of its population. Most are concentrated in Alsace in northeast France", "57108198b654c5140001f938": " A diaspora of French Australians", "57108198b654c5140001f939": " A diaspora of French Australians", "57108198b654c5140001f93a": " A diaspora of French Australians", "57108198b654c5140001f93b": "Approximately one million Protestants in modern France represent some 2% of its population. Most are concentrated in Alsace in northeast France", "57108c95b654c5140001f979": " 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle", "57108c95b654c5140001f97a": " 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle", "57108c95b654c5140001f97b": " 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle", "57108c95b654c5140001f97c": " 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle", "57108c95b654c5140001f97d": " 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle", "57108d69b654c5140001f983": " 75,000 to 100,000 people", "57108d69b654c5140001f984": " Huguenot refugees, an estimated total of 75,000 to 100,000 people", "57108d69b654c5140001f985": " Huguenot refugees, an estimated total of 75,000 to 100,000 people", "57108d69b654c5140001f986": ",000 people", "57108d69b654c5140001f987": ". 2 million at that time. Around 1700, it is estimated that nearly 25% of the Amsterdam population was Huguenot", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1a": " Huguon, the gate of King Hugo", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1b": " Huguon, the gate of King Hugo", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1c": " Huguon, the gate of King Hugo, was haunted by the ghost of le roi Huguet", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1d": " Huguon, the gate of King Hugo, was haunted by the ghost of le roi Huguet", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1e": " 1560", "571090abb654c5140001f995": " Turnagain Lane", "571090abb654c5140001f996": " Turnagain Lane", "571090abb654c5140001f997": " Turnagain Lane", "571090abb654c5140001f998": " Turnagain Lane", "571090abb654c5140001f999": " Turnagain Lane", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a41": " A French church in Portarlington dates back to 1696", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a40": " French church in Portarlington dates back to 1696", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a42": " Waterford in the 17th and 18th centuries", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a43": " French church in Portarlington dates back to 1696", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a44": " French church in Portarlington dates back to 1696", "57109275b654c5140001f99f": " a sizeable population of Huguenot descent lived in the British colonies, and many participated in the British defeat of New France in 1759-60", "57109275b654c5140001f9a0": " Huguenots", "57109275b654c5140001f9a1": " 1759-60", "57109275b654c5140001f9a2": " 1759-60", "57109275b654c5140001f9a3": " 1759-60", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5c": " The Edict reaffirmed Catholicism as the state religion of France", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5d": " Nantes", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5e": " Nantes", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5f": " 1598", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a60": " The Edict reaffirmed Catholicism as the state religion of France", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a66": " Four thousand emigrated to the North American colonies, where they settled in New York and Virginia", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a67": " Four thousand emigrated to the North American colonies, where they settled in New York and Virginia", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a68": " Four thousand emigrated to the North American colonies, where they settled in New York and Virginia", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a69": " Catholics", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a6a": " Four thousand emigrated to the North American colonies, where they settled in New York and Virginia", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a76": " a declaration of faith to express their beliefs to the Portuguese. This was their death sentence. This document, the Guanabara Confession", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a77": " Huguenots to leave France sought freedom from persecution in Switzerland and the Netherlands", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a78": " Huguenots to leave France sought freedom from persecution in Switzerland and the Netherlands", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a79": " Huguenots to leave France sought freedom from persecution in Switzerland and the Netherlands", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a7a": " death sentence. This document, the Guanabara Confession of Faith, became the first Protestant confession of faith in the whole of the Americas", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a86": " Afrikaans-speaking, have surnames indicating their French Huguenot ancestry", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a87": " Afrikaans-speaking, have surnames indicating their French Huguenot ancestry", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a88": " Afrikaans-speaking, have surnames indicating their French Huguenot ancestry", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a89": " Afrikaans-speaking, have surnames indicating their French Huguenot ancestry", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a98": " 1844", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a99": " 1844", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9a": " 1844", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9b": " 1844", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9c": " 1844", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab2": " 19th century sources have asserted that some of these refugees were lacemakers and contributed to the East Midlands lace industry", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab3": " Bedfordshire, one of the main centres of the British lace industry", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab4": " Bedfordshire", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab5": " Bedfordshire", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b3": " German in protest against the occupation of Prussia by Napoleon in 1806-07", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b4": " German in protest against the occupation of Prussia by Napoleon in 1806-07", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b5": " Napoleon in 1806-07", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b6": " German in protest against the occupation of Prussia by Napoleon in 1806-07", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b7": " German in protest against the occupation of Prussia by Napoleon in 1806-07", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b26": " Huguenots (with estimates ranging from 200,000 to 1,000,000) fled to surrounding Protestant countries: England, the Netherlands", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b27": " Protestant countries: England, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Norway, Denmark, and Prussia", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b28": " Protestant countries: England, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Norway, Denmark, and Prussia", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b29": " Protestant countries: England, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Norway, Denmark, and Prussia", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b2a": " Protestant countries: England, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Norway, Denmark, and Prussia", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b30": " September 1565 French naval attack against the new Spanish colony at St. Augustine failed when its ships were hit by a hurricane", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b31": " September 1565 French naval attack against the new Spanish colony at St. Augustine failed when its ships were hit by a hurricane", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b32": " September 1565 French naval attack against the new Spanish colony at St. Augustine failed when its ships were hit by a hurricane", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b33": " September 1565 French naval attack against the new Spanish colony at St. Augustine failed when its ships were hit by a hurricane", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b34": " September 1565 French naval attack against the new Spanish colony at St. Augustine failed when its ships were hit by a hurricane", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa17": " Charlesfort on Parris Island, South Carolina. The Wars of Religion", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa18": " Huguenots", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa19": " The Wars of Religion", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1a": " Huguenots", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1b": " The Wars of Religion", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3a": " 12 May 1705, the Virginia General Assembly passed an act to naturalise the 148 Huguenots", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3b": " 12 May 1705, the Virginia General Assembly passed an act to naturalise the 148 Huguenots", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3c": " 12 May 1705, the Virginia General Assembly passed an act to naturalise the 148 Huguenots", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3d": " 12 May 1705, the Virginia General Assembly passed an act to naturalise the 148 Huguenots", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3e": " 12 May 1705, the Virginia General Assembly passed an act to naturalise the 148 Huguenots", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2b": " fought in the Low Countries alongside the Dutch against Spain during the first years of the Dutch Revolt", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2c": " Huguenots fought in the Low Countries alongside the Dutch against Spain during the first years of the Dutch Revolt", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2d": " Huguenots fought in the Low Countries alongside the Dutch against Spain during the first years of the Dutch Revolt (1568", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2e": " Huguenots fought in the Low Countries alongside the Dutch against Spain during the first years of the Dutch Revolt", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2f": " Huguenots fought in the Low Countries alongside the Dutch against Spain during the first years of the Dutch Revolt", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b60": " Andr\u00e9 Lortie), a leading Huguenot theologian", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b61": " 50,000 Protestant Walloons and Huguenots fled to England", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b62": " 50,000 Protestant Walloons and Huguenots fled to England", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b63": " 50,000 Protestant Walloons and Huguenots fled to England", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b64": " 50,000 Protestant Walloons and Huguenots fled to England", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b72": " linen industry", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b73": " linen industry", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b74": " linen industry", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b75": " linen industry", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b76": " linen industry", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa45": " glass-making works, which provided wealth to the principality for many years. Other founding families created enterprises based on textiles", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa46": " Huguenot community in present-day Saarland in 1604. The Count supported mercantilism", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa47": " Huguenot community in present-day Saarland in 1604. The Count supported mercantilism", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa48": " Huguenot community in present-day Saarland", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa49": " Huguenot community in present-day Saarland in 1604. The Count supported mercantilism", "5711119cb654c5140001fae3": " \u00e9migr\u00e9s relocated to Protestant European nations such as England, Wales, Scotland, Denmark, Sweden, Switzerland, the Dutch Republic", "5711119cb654c5140001fae4": " Brandenburg and Electorate of the Palatinate in the Holy Roman Empire", "5711119cb654c5140001fae6": " Brandenburg and Electorate of the Palatinate in the Holy Roman Empire", "5711119cb654c5140001fae5": " \u00e9migr\u00e9s relocated to Protestant European nations such as England, Wales, Scotland, Denmark, Sweden, Switzerland, the Dutch Republic", "5711119cb654c5140001fae7": " Huguenot \u00e9migr\u00e9s relocated to Protestant European nations such as England, Wales, Scotland, Denmark, Sweden, Switzerland, the Dutch Republic", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcc": " Reformation", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcd": " Reformation", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bce": " Reformation", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcf": " Reformation", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bd0": " Reformation", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd6": " 1550 and 1580, members of the Reformed church in France came to be commonly known as Huguenots", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd7": " 1550 and 1580, members of the Reformed church in France came to be commonly known as Huguenots", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd8": " 1550 and 1580, members of the Reformed church in France came to be commonly known as Huguenots", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd9": " 1550 and 1580, members of the Reformed church in France came to be commonly known as Huguenots", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bda": " 1550 and 1580, members of the Reformed church in France came to be commonly known as Huguenots", "57111428b654c5140001faff": " 24 August \u2013 3 October 1572", "57111428b654c5140001fb00": " 24 August \u2013 3 October 1572, Catholics killed thousands of Huguenots", "57111428b654c5140001fb01": " 24 August \u2013 3 October 1572, Catholics killed thousands of Huguenots", "57111428b654c5140001fb02": " 24 August \u2013 3 October 1572", "57111429b654c5140001fb03": " killed thousands of Huguenots", "571114cfb654c5140001fb09": " Huguenots to convert. At first he sent missionaries, backed by a fund to financially reward converts to Catholicism", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0a": " dragonnades, which included the occupation and looting of Huguenot homes", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0b": " dragonnades, which included the occupation and looting of Huguenot homes", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0c": " dragonnades, which included the occupation and looting of Huguenot homes", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0d": " dragonnades, which included the occupation and looting of Huguenot homes by military troops", "5711163bb654c5140001fb13": " four years before the revocation of the Edict of Nantes", "5711163bb654c5140001fb14": " four years before the revocation of the Edict of Nantes", "5711163bb654c5140001fb15": " four years before the revocation of the Edict of Nantes", "5711163bb654c5140001fb16": " four years before the revocation of the Edict of Nantes", "5711163bb654c5140001fb17": " four years before the revocation of the Edict of Nantes", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c00": " names and surnames for their children well into the nineteenth century", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c01": " names and surnames for their children well into the nineteenth century", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c02": " names and surnames for their children well into the nineteenth century", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c03": " names and surnames for their children well into the nineteenth century", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c04": ".I. du Pont", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0a": "Huguenot descent", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0b": " Huguenot refugees in the Netherlands", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0c": " Huguenot refugees in the Netherlands", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0d": " Huguenot refugees in the Netherlands", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0e": "Huguenot descent", "57111992b654c5140001fb43": " Protestant Church of London was established by Royal Charter in 1550", "57111992b654c5140001fb44": " Tours, France", "57111992b654c5140001fb45": " Tours, France", "57111992b654c5140001fb46": " Tours, France", "57111992b654c5140001fb47": " Tours, France", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3c": " Scandinavia. Nearly 50,000 Huguenots established themselves in Germany, 20,000 of whom were welcomed in Brandenburg-Prussia", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3d": " Huguenot refugees found a safe haven in the Lutheran and Reformed states in Germany", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3e": " Scandinavia. Nearly 50,000 Huguenots established themselves in Germany, 20,000 of whom were welcomed in Brandenburg-Prussia", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3f": " Huguenot refugees found a safe haven in the Lutheran and Reformed states in Germany and Scandinavia", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c40": " 20,000 of whom were welcomed in Brandenburg-Prussia", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c50": "Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c51": "Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c52": "Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c53": "Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c54": " Huguenots to settle in his realms, and a number of their descendants rose to positions of prominence in Prussia", "57112686b654c5140001fbd3": "Steam engines are external combustion engines, where the working fluid is separate from the combustion products", "57112686b654c5140001fbd4": " geothermal energy may be used. The ideal thermodynamic cycle used to analyze this process is called the Rankine cycle", "57112686b654c5140001fbd5": "Steam engines are external combustion engines, where the working fluid is separate from the combustion products", "57112686b654c5140001fbd6": "Steam engines are external combustion engines, where the working fluid is separate from the combustion products", "57112686b654c5140001fbd7": " geothermal energy may be used. The ideal thermodynamic cycle used to analyze this process is called the Rankine cycle", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb2": " 1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb3": " 1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb4": " 1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb5": " Savery's steam pump", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb6": " Savery's steam pump", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc4": " Pen-y-darren ironworks, near Merthyr Tydfil to Abercynon in south Wales", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc5": " Pen-y-darren ironworks, near Merthyr Tydfil to Abercynon in south Wales", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc6": " Pen-y-darren ironworks, near Merthyr Tydfil to Abercynon in south Wales", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc7": " Pen-y-darren ironworks, near Merthyr Tydfil to Abercynon in south Wales", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc8": " Pen-y-darren ironworks, near Merthyr Tydfil to Abercynon in south Wales", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0e": " Utility and industrial boilers commonly use multi-stage centrifugal pumps", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0f": " Utility and industrial boilers commonly use multi-stage centrifugal pumps", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d10": " Utility and industrial boilers commonly use multi-stage centrifugal pumps", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d11": " Utility and industrial boilers commonly use multi-stage centrifugal pumps", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d12": " Utility and industrial boilers commonly use multi-stage centrifugal pumps", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d18": " liners", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d19": " liners", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1a": " liners", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1b": " liners", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1c": " expansion stages and are known as triple and quadruple expansion engines", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d22": " trip mechanisms or cams profiled so as to give ideal events; most of these gears never succeeded outside of the stationary marketplace", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d23": " patent valve gears with a separate, variable cutoff expansion valve riding on the back of the main slide valve", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d24": " trip mechanisms or cams profiled so as to give ideal events; most of these gears never succeeded outside of the stationary marketplace", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc1f": " fusible plugs", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc20": " crown of the boiler's firebox", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc21": " fusible plugs may be present in the crown of the boiler's firebox", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc22": "Lead fusible plugs may be present in the crown of the boiler's firebox", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc23": " fusible plugs may be present in the crown of the boiler's firebox", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d28": " 10,000 hp had become feasible. The stationary steam engine was a key component of the Industrial Revolution", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d29": " 10,000 hp had become feasible. The stationary steam engine was a key component of the Industrial Revolution", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2a": " 10,000 hp had become feasible. The stationary steam engine was a key component of the Industrial Revolution", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2b": " 10,000 hp had become feasible. The stationary steam engine was a key component of the Industrial Revolution", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2c": " 10,000 hp had become feasible. The stationary steam engine was a key component of the Industrial Revolution", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d32": " 1551", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d33": " 1551", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d34": " steam engine stretches back as far as the first century AD", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d35": " 1551", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d36": " 1551", "57113f83b654c5140001fc29": " 20th century", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2a": " 20th century", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2b": " Steam engines remained the dominant source of power until the early 20th century", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2d": " 20th century", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2c": " Steam engines remained the dominant source of power until the early 20th century", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5a": " 20th century", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5b": " 20th century", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5c": " 20th century", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5d": " 20th century", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5e": " 20th century", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6e": " geothermal energy, solar energy or waste heat from an internal combustion engine", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6f": " geothermal energy, solar energy or waste heat from an internal combustion engine", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d70": " variously combustion chamber, firebox). In some cases the heat source is a nuclear reactor", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d71": " geothermal energy, solar energy or waste heat from an internal combustion engine", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d80": " 1851, but the most successful indicator was developed for the high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter by Charles Richard and exhibited at London Exhibition in 1862", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d81": " 1851, but the most successful indicator was developed for the high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter by Charles Richard and exhibited at London Exhibition in 1862", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d82": " 1851, but the most successful indicator was developed for the high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter by Charles Richard and exhibited at London Exhibition in 1862", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d83": " 1851, but the most successful indicator was developed for the high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter by Charles Richard and exhibited at London Exhibition in 1862", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d84": " 1851, but the most successful indicator was developed for the high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter by Charles Richard and exhibited at London Exhibition in 1862", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8a": " 90\u00b0 out of phase with each other (quartered). When the double expansion group is duplicated, producing a 4-cylinder compound", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8b": " 90\u00b0 out of phase with each other (quartered). When the double expansion group is duplicated, producing a 4-cylinder compound", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8c": " 90\u00b0 out of phase with each other (quartered). When the double expansion group is duplicated, producing a 4-cylinder compound", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3d": " steam chest", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3e": " steam ports communicating with the cylinder end(s)", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3f": " steam chest", "5711488ab654c5140001fc40": " piston engines, the steam reverses its direction of flow at each stroke (counterflow), entering and exhausting from the cylinder by the same port", "5711488ab654c5140001fc41": " steam reverses its direction of flow at each stroke (counterflow), entering and exhausting from the cylinder by the same port", "57114aceb654c5140001fc47": " piston at the end of each stroke", "57114aceb654c5140001fc48": "iflow rotary steam engine", "57114aceb654c5140001fc49": " piston at the end of each stroke", "57114b1a2419e31400955575": "An oscillating cylinder steam engine is a variant", "57114b1a2419e31400955576": " valves", "57114b1a2419e31400955577": " valves", "57114b1a2419e31400955578": " valves", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a53": " mercury vapor turbine", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a54": " mercury vapor turbine", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a55": " mercury vapor turbine", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a56": " mercury vapor turbine", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5b": " about 63%", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5c": " Rankine cycle", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5d": " Rankine cycle", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5f": " coal-fired power station", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5e": " coal-fired power station", "57114f0050c2381900b54a65": " steam-powered farm tractors", "57114f0050c2381900b54a66": "Steam engines can be said to have been the moving force behind the Industrial Revolution and saw widespread commercial use driving machinery in factories, mills and mines", "57114f0050c2381900b54a67": " farm tractors", "57114f0050c2381900b54a68": " steam-powered farm tractors", "57114f0050c2381900b54a69": " steam-powered farm tractors", "571153422419e3140095557d": " Locomotion for the Stockton and Darlington Railway. This was the first public steam railway in the world", "571153422419e3140095557e": " Locomotion for the Stockton and Darlington Railway. This was the first public steam railway in the world", "571153422419e3140095557f": " pinion Middleton Railway", "571153422419e31400955580": " Locomotion for the Stockton and Darlington Railway. This was the first public steam railway in the world", "571153422419e31400955581": " Locomotion for the Stockton and Darlington Railway. This was the first public steam railway in the world", "5711541350c2381900b54a6f": " 1804 by British engineer Arthur Woolf, who patented his Woolf high-pressure compound engine in 1805", "5711541350c2381900b54a70": " 1804 by British engineer Arthur Woolf, who patented his Woolf high-pressure compound engine in 1805", "5711541350c2381900b54a71": " 1804 by British engineer Arthur Woolf, who patented his Woolf high-pressure compound engine in 1805", "5711541350c2381900b54a72": " 1804 by British engineer Arthur Woolf, who patented his Woolf high-pressure compound engine in 1805", "571154c72419e31400955587": " 90% of the world's electric production was by use of steam turbines", "571154c72419e31400955588": " gas turbine units and typical combined cycle power plants has resulted in reduction of this percentage to the 80% regime for steam turbines", "571154c72419e31400955589": " 90% of the world's electric production was by use of steam turbines", "571154c72419e3140095558a": " 90% of the world's electric production was by use of steam turbines", "571154c72419e3140095558b": " 90% of the world's electric production was by use of steam turbines", "571155ae2419e31400955591": " Rankine cycle is the fundamental thermodynamic underpinning of the steam engine", "571155ae2419e31400955592": " steam engine. The cycle is an arrangement of components as is typically used for simple power production", "571155ae2419e31400955593": " steam engine", "571155ae2419e31400955594": " steam engine. The cycle is an arrangement of components as is typically used for simple power production", "571155ae2419e31400955595": " underpinning of the steam engine", "571156152419e3140095559b": " Watt in order to illustrate how much more efficient his engines were over the earlier Newcomen designs", "571156152419e3140095559f": " 25 million, but averaged about 17. This was a three-fold improvement over the average Newcomen design", "571156152419e3140095559e": " Watt in order to illustrate how much more efficient his engines were over the earlier Newcomen designs", "571156152419e3140095559d": " Watt in order to illustrate how much more efficient his engines were over the earlier Newcomen designs", "571156152419e3140095559c": " Watt in order to illustrate how much more efficient his engines were over the earlier Newcomen designs", "57115ac550c2381900b54a77": " 19th century", "57115ac550c2381900b54a78": " 19th century", "57115ac550c2381900b54a79": " 19th century", "57115ac550c2381900b54a7a": " 19th century", "57115b2850c2381900b54a7f": " textile machinery. An attractive feature of the Savery engine was its low cost. Bento de Moura Portugal", "57115b2850c2381900b54a80": " mines, pumping stations and for supplying water wheels used to power textile machinery", "57115b2850c2381900b54a81": " mines, pumping stations and for supplying water wheels used to power textile machinery", "57115b2850c2381900b54a82": " Savery engine was its low cost. Bento de Moura Portugal", "57115b2850c2381900b54a83": " Savery's construction \"to render it capable of working itself\", as described by John Smeaton in the Philosophical Transactions published in 1751", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a89": " 1801 introduced engines using high-pressure steam; Trevithick obtained his high-pressure engine patent in 1802", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8a": " steam engine as a power source) resulted in the design of more efficient engines", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8b": " steam engine as a power source) resulted in the design of more efficient engines", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8c": " steam engine as a power source) resulted in the design of more efficient engines", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8d": " steam engine as a power source) resulted in the design of more efficient engines", "57115bf350c2381900b54a93": "nergiprojekt AB in Sweden", "57115bf350c2381900b54a94": "nergiprojekt's steam engine reaches some 27-30% on high-pressure engines", "57115bf350c2381900b54a95": "nergiprojekt's steam engine reaches some 27-30% on high-pressure engines", "57115bf350c2381900b54a96": " 27-30% on high-pressure engines", "57115bf350c2381900b54a97": " 27-30% on high-pressure engines", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9d": " dry type cooling tower", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9e": " CHP is not used, steam turbines in power stations use surface condensers", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9f": " CHP is not used, steam turbines in power stations use surface condensers", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa0": " CHP is not used, steam turbines in power stations use surface condensers", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa1": " CHP is not used, steam turbines in power stations use surface condensers", "57115dbe2419e314009555a5": " 1788", "57115dbe2419e314009555a6": " 1788", "57115dbe2419e314009555a7": " 1788", "57115dbe2419e314009555a8": " 1788", "57115dbe2419e314009555a9": " 1788", "57115e532419e314009555af": " railway locomotives", "57115e532419e314009555b0": " railway locomotives", "57115e532419e314009555b1": " marine engines after 1880; it was not universally popular in railway locomotives", "57115e532419e314009555b2": " railway locomotives", "57115e532419e314009555b3": " railway locomotives", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa7": " steam as speed and momentum are gained by gradually \"shortening the cutoff\" or rather, shortening the admission event", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa8": " steam as speed and momentum are gained by gradually \"shortening the cutoff\" or rather, shortening the admission event", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa9": " steam as speed and momentum are gained by gradually \"shortening the cutoff\" or rather, shortening the admission event", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aaa": " steam as speed and momentum are gained by gradually \"shortening the cutoff\" or rather, shortening the admission event", "57115f652419e314009555b9": "\u00f3nimo de Ayanz y Beaumont obtained the first patent for a steam engine in 1606", "57115f652419e314009555ba": " steam engine in 1606", "57115f652419e314009555bb": " 1606", "57115f652419e314009555bc": " 1606", "57115f652419e314009555bd": " steam engine in 1606", "57115ff82419e314009555c3": " steam turbine consists of one or more rotors (rotating discs) mounted on a drive shaft, alternating with a series of stators", "57115ff82419e314009555c4": " electric generating stations, turbines are directly connected to generators", "57115ff82419e314009555c5": " steam turbine consists of one or more rotors (rotating discs) mounted on a drive shaft, alternating with a series of stators", "57115ff82419e314009555c6": " electric generating stations, turbines are directly connected to generators with no reduction gearing. Typical speeds are 3600 revolutions per minute (RPM) in the USA", "57115ff82419e314009555c7": " steam turbine consists of one or more rotors (rotating discs) mounted on a drive shaft", "5711607f2419e314009555cd": " a renewed interest in steam both as a component of cogeneration processes and as a prime mover. This is becoming known as the Advanced Steam movement", "5711607f2419e314009555ce": " a renewed interest in steam both as a component of cogeneration processes and as a prime mover. This is becoming known as the Advanced Steam movement", "5711607f2419e314009555cf": " a renewed interest in steam both as a component of cogeneration processes and as a prime mover. This is becoming known as the Advanced Steam movement", "5711607f2419e314009555d0": " a renewed interest in steam both as a component of cogeneration processes and as a prime mover. This is becoming known as the Advanced Steam movement", "5711607f2419e314009555d1": " a renewed interest in steam both as a component of cogeneration processes and as a prime mover. This is becoming known as the Advanced Steam movement", "571161092419e314009555d7": " Wankel engine in place of the cylinders", "571161092419e314009555d8": " Wankel engine in place of the cylinders", "571161092419e314009555d9": " Wankel engine in place of the cylinders", "5711619950c2381900b54aaf": "1763\u20131775) an improved version of Newcomen's engine", "5711619950c2381900b54ab0": "1763\u20131775) an improved version of Newcomen's engine, with a separate condenser", "5711619950c2381900b54ab1": "1763\u20131775) an improved version of Newcomen's engine", "5711619950c2381900b54ab2": "1763\u20131775) an improved version of Newcomen's engine, with a separate condenser", "5711619950c2381900b54ab3": "1763\u20131775) an improved version of Newcomen's engine, with a separate condenser", "5711623e50c2381900b54ab9": " lever to restrain a plug valve", "5711623e50c2381900b54aba": "Steam engines frequently possess two independent mechanisms for ensuring that the pressure in the boiler does not go too high; one may be adjusted by the user", "5711623e50c2381900b54abb": " lever to restrain a plug valve", "5711623e50c2381900b54abc": " lever to restrain a plug valve", "5711623e50c2381900b54abd": " lever to restrain a plug valve", "5711628a2419e314009555dd": " 1849", "5711628a2419e314009555de": " 1849", "5711628a2419e314009555e1": " 1849", "5711628a2419e314009555df": " 1849", "5711628a2419e314009555e0": " 1849", "571163172419e314009555e7": " Watt on a model steam engine", "571163172419e314009555e8": " Watt on a model steam engine", "571163172419e314009555e9": " experimental measurements made by Watt on a model steam engine", "571163172419e314009555ea": " steam engine contributed much to the development of thermodynamic theory", "571163172419e314009555eb": " Joseph Black", "5711648850c2381900b54ac3": " 1500 \u00b0C", "5711648850c2381900b54ac4": " 1500 \u00b0C", "5711648850c2381900b54ac5": " 1500 \u00b0C", "5711648850c2381900b54ac6": " 1500 \u00b0C", "5711651050c2381900b54acb": " fuel from a supply bin (bunker) to the firebox. See: Mechanical stoker", "5711651050c2381900b54acc": " vaporisation, and superheaters", "5711651050c2381900b54acd": " fuel from a supply bin (bunker) to the firebox. See: Mechanical stoker", "5711651050c2381900b54ace": " fuel from a supply bin (bunker) to the firebox. See: Mechanical stoker", "5711651050c2381900b54acf": " screw stoking mechanism and its drive engine or motor may be included to move the fuel from a supply bin (bunker) to the firebox", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad5": " liners. HMS Dreadnought of 1905", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad6": " liners. HMS Dreadnought of 1905", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad7": " liners. HMS Dreadnought of 1905", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad8": " liners. HMS Dreadnought of 1905", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad9": " liners. HMS Dreadnought of 1905", "571166352419e314009555f1": " railroad locomotives were manufactured. Some non-condensing direct-drive locomotives did meet with some success for long haul freight operations in Sweden", "571166352419e314009555f2": " railroad locomotives were manufactured. Some non-condensing direct-drive locomotives did meet with some success for long haul freight operations in Sweden", "571166352419e314009555f3": " railroad locomotives were manufactured", "571166352419e314009555f4": " railroad locomotives were manufactured. Some non-condensing direct-drive locomotives did meet with some success for long haul freight operations in Sweden", "571166352419e314009555f5": " railroad locomotives were manufactured", "5711669550c2381900b54adf": " Carnot cycle). The cycle of a reciprocating steam engine", "5711669550c2381900b54ae0": " Carnot cycle). The cycle of a reciprocating steam engine", "5711669550c2381900b54ae1": " Carnot cycle). The cycle of a reciprocating steam engine", "5711669550c2381900b54ae2": " Carnot cycle). The cycle of a reciprocating steam engine", "5711669550c2381900b54ae3": " Carnot cycle). The cycle of a reciprocating steam engine", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbd": "fuel burning. Oxygen is the most abundant element by mass in the Earth's crust", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbe": " 20.8% of the Earth's atmosphere", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc0": " 20.8% of the Earth's atmosphere", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc1": " oxide compounds such as silicon dioxide", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbf": "fuel burning. Oxygen is the most abundant element by mass in the Earth's crust", "571bb2269499d21900609ca9": " oxide compounds such as silicon dioxide", "571bb2269499d21900609caa": " oxide compounds such as silicon dioxide", "571bb2269499d21900609cab": " 20.8% of the Earth's atmosphere", "571bb2269499d21900609cad": "fuel burning. Oxygen is the most abundant element by mass in the Earth's crust", "571bb2269499d21900609cac": "fuel burning. Oxygen is the most abundant element by mass in the Earth's crust", "571c3a685efbb31900334db2": " oxides) with most elements. By mass, oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe", "571c3a685efbb31900334db3": " 20.8% of the Earth's atmosphere", "571c3a685efbb31900334db4": " 20.8% of the Earth's atmosphere", "571c3a685efbb31900334db5": "fuel burning. Oxygen is the most abundant element by mass in the Earth's crust", "571c3a685efbb31900334db6": " 20.8% of the Earth's atmosphere", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94a": "allotrope) of oxygen, ozone", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94b": "allotrope) of oxygen, ozone", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94c": "allotrope) of oxygen, ozone", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09c": "allotrope) of oxygen, ozone", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09d": " cellular respiration and released by photosynthesis", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09e": "allotrope) of oxygen, ozone", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09f": "allotrope) of oxygen, ozone", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c0a0": "allotrope) of oxygen, ozone", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd5": " Mayow (1641\u20131679) refined this work by showing that fire requires only a part of air that he called spiritus nitroa", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd6": " a part of air that he called spiritus nitroaereus", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd7": " 17th century, Robert Boyle proved that air is necessary for combustion. English chemist John Mayow (1641\u20131679", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd8": "1679) refined this work by showing that fire requires only a part of air that he called spiritus nitroaereus", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a6": " Mayow (1641\u20131679) refined this work by showing that fire requires only a part of air that he called spiritus nitroa", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a7": "1679) refined this work by showing that fire requires only a part of air that he called spiritus nitroaereus", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a8": " 17th century, Robert Boyle proved that air is necessary for combustion. English chemist John Mayow (1641\u20131679", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a9": " 17th century, Robert Boyle proved that air is necessary for combustion. English chemist John Mayow (1641\u20131679", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0aa": " Mayow (1641\u20131679) refined this work by showing that fire requires only a part of air that he called spiritus nitroa", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a958": " Priestley published his findings in 1775 in a paper titled \"An Account of Further Discoveries in Air\"", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a959": " August 1, 1774, an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95b": " 1775 in a paper titled \"An Account of Further Discoveries in Air\"", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95a": " August 1, 1774, an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b0": " August 1, 1774, an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b1": " Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide (HgO) inside a glass tube", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b2": " August 1, 1774, an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b3": " August 1, 1774, an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b4": " 1775 in a paper titled \"An Account of Further Discoveries in Air\"", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdd": " Byzantium", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fde": " Byzantium", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdf": " Byzantium", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fe0": "nd century BCE", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0ba": " Byzantium", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bb": " Byzantium", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bc": " Byzantium", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bd": " Byzantium", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0be": " Byzantium", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a960": " a high oxidative potential, such as peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a961": " oxygen with a high oxidative potential, such as peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a962": " oxygen with a high oxidative potential, such as peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a963": " a high oxidative potential, such as peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates", "571cebc05efbb31900334e49": " a high oxidative potential, such as peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4a": " a high oxidative potential, such as peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates", "571cebc05efbb31900334e48": " a high oxidative potential, such as peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4b": " a high oxidative potential, such as peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4c": " a high oxidative potential, such as peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a968": " Steel pipes", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a969": " Steel pipes", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96a": " a launch pad test spread so rapidly because the capsule was pressurized with pure O\n2", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96b": " a launch pad test spread so rapidly because the capsule was pressurized with pure O\n", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a0": " a launch pad test spread so rapidly because the capsule was pressurized with pure O\n2", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a1": " a launch pad test spread so rapidly because the capsule was pressurized with pure O\n2", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a2": " a launch pad test spread so rapidly because the capsule was pressurized with pure O\n2", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a4": " Steel pipes and storage vessels used to store and transmit both gaseous and liquid oxygen", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe6": " oxides", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe7": " oxides", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe5": " oxides of silicon", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3e": " carbon dioxide (CO\n2). The Earth's crust", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3f": " carbon dioxide (CO\n2). The Earth's crust", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e40": " oxides of silicon (silica SiO\n2, as found in granite and quartz", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e41": " oxides of silicon (silica SiO\n2, as found in granite and quartz", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e42": " carbon dioxide", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c4": " HO, giving the atomic mass of oxygen as 8 times that of hydrogen", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c5": " HO, giving the atomic mass of oxygen as 8 times that of hydrogen", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c6": " HO, giving the atomic mass of oxygen as 8 times that of hydrogen", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c7": " HO, giving the atomic mass of oxygen as 8 times that of hydrogen", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c8": "John Dalton's original atomic hypothesis", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0ce": "Highly combustible materials that leave little residue, such as wood or coal, were thought to be made mostly of phlogiston", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0cf": "Highly combustible materials that leave little residue, such as wood or coal, were thought to be made mostly of phlogiston", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d0": " phlogiston", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d1": "Highly combustible materials that leave little residue, such as wood or coal, were thought to be made mostly of phlogiston", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d2": " corrode, such as iron, contained very little. Air did not play a role in phlogiston theory", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d8": " 2s electrons", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d9": " 2s electrons", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0da": " 2s electrons", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0db": " 2s electrons", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0dc": " 2s electrons", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e2": " 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e3": " 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e4": " 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e5": " 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e6": " 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ec": ".e., degenerate\u2014is a configuration termed a spin triplet state", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ed": ".e., degenerate\u2014is a configuration termed a spin triple", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ee": " electron configuration with two unpaired electrons", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ef": " O\n2 molecule is referred to as triplet oxygen", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0f0": " electron configuration with two unpaired electrons", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f6": " 1777", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f7": " 1777", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f8": " 1777", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f9": " 1777", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0fa": " 1777", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c100": " atomic oxygen made by the splitting of O\n2 by ultraviolet (UV) radiation", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c101": "Trioxygen (O\n3) is usually known as ozone and is a very reactive allotrope", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c102": " metallic phase was discovered in 1990", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c103": "Trioxygen (O\n3) is usually known as ozone and is a very reactive allotrope", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c104": " metallic phase was discovered in 1990", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10a": " 121 pm and a bond energy of 498 kJ", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10b": " 121 pm and a bond energy of 498 kJ", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10c": " 121 pm and a bond energy of 498 kJ", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10d": " 498 kJ\u00b7mol\u22121, which is smaller than the energy of other double bonds or pairs of single bonds in the biosphere", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10e": " 121 pm and a bond energy of 498 kJ", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c114": " Carl von Linde", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c115": " German engineer Carl von Linde and British engineer William Hampson", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c116": " German engineer Carl von Linde", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c118": " Carl von Linde", "571c96095efbb31900334dbc": "Oxygen is more soluble in water than nitrogen is. Water in equilibrium with air contains approximately 1 molecule", "571c96095efbb31900334dbd": " 6.04 milliliters (mL) of oxygen per liter", "571c96095efbb31900334dbe": "Oxygen is more soluble in water than nitrogen is. Water in equilibrium with air contains approximately 1 molecule", "571c96095efbb31900334dbf": " 6.04 milliliters (mL) of oxygen per liter", "571c96095efbb31900334dc0": " 6.04 milliliters (mL) of oxygen per liter", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11e": " 49.2% of the Earth's crust", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11f": " 49.2% of the Earth's crust", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c120": " 49.2% of the Earth's crust", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c121": " 49.2% of the Earth's crust", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c122": " 49.2% of the Earth's crust", "571caac55efbb31900334dc6": " March 29, 1883", "571caac55efbb31900334dc7": " March 29, 1883", "571caac55efbb31900334dc8": " liquified in stable state for the first time on March 29, 1883", "571caac55efbb31900334dc9": " March 29, 1883", "571caac55efbb31900334dca": " March 29, 1883", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd0": " Genesis spacecraft has shown that the Sun has a higher proportion of oxygen-16 than does the Earth", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd1": " dust grains that formed the Earth", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd2": " Genesis spacecraft has shown that the Sun has a higher proportion of oxygen-16 than does the Earth", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd3": " dust grains that formed the Earth", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd4": " Genesis spacecraft has shown that the Sun has a higher proportion of oxygen-16 than does the Earth", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c128": " electron spins are paired. It is much more reactive towards common organic molecules than is molecular oxygen", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c129": " singlet oxygen is commonly formed from water during photosynthesis, using the energy of sunlight. It is also produced in the troposphere", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12a": " singlet oxygen is commonly formed from water during photosynthesis, using the energy of sunlight. It is also produced in the troposphere", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12b": " singlet oxygen is commonly formed from water during photosynthesis, using the energy of sunlight. It is also produced in the troposphere", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12c": " singlet oxygen is commonly formed from water during photosynthesis, using the energy of sunlight. It is also produced in the troposphere", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c132": " Seawater molecules that contain the lighter isotope, oxygen-16", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c133": " water molecules of ice core samples that are up to several hundreds of thousands of years old", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c134": " Seawater molecules that contain the lighter isotope, oxygen-16", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c135": " water molecules of ice core samples that are up to several hundreds of thousands of years old", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c136": " water molecules of ice core samples that are up to several hundreds of thousands of years old", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13c": " carbon cycle from satellites", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13d": " carbon cycle from satellites", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13e": " remote sensing scientists have proposed using the measurement of the radiance coming from vegetation canopies", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13f": " remote sensing scientists have proposed using the measurement of the radiance coming from vegetation canopies", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c140": " carbon cycle from satellites", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c146": " Liquid oxygen", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c147": " O\n2 molecules are paramagnetic. That is, they impart magnetic character to oxygen when it is in the presence of a magnetic field", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c148": " O\n2 molecules are paramagnetic. That is, they impart magnetic character to oxygen when it is in the presence of a magnetic field", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c149": " O\n2 molecules are paramagnetic. That is, they impart magnetic character to oxygen when it is in the presence of a magnetic field", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c14a": " O\n2 molecules are paramagnetic. That is, they impart magnetic character to oxygen when it is in the presence of a magnetic field", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dda": " O\n2 began to accumulate in the atmosphere about 2.5 billion years ago", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddb": " about 2.5 billion years ago", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddc": " O\n2 began to accumulate in the atmosphere about 2.5 billion years ago", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddd": " O\n2 began to accumulate in the atmosphere about 2.5 billion years ago", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dde": " about 2.5 billion years ago", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de4": " O\n2 are clear substances with a light sky-blue color", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de5": " light sky-blue color", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de6": " light sky-blue color", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de7": " light sky-blue color", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de8": " O\n2 are clear substances with a light sky-blue color", "571cc8815efbb31900334dee": " O\n2 at lower temperatures (see Physical properties) has important implications for ocean life", "571cc8815efbb31900334def": " a process called eutrophication", "571cc8815efbb31900334df0": " plant nutrients such as nitrates or phosphates may stimulate growth of algae by a process called eutrophication", "571cc8815efbb31900334df2": " O\n2 at lower temperatures (see Physical properties) has important implications for ocean life", "571cc8815efbb31900334df1": " O\n2 at lower temperatures (see Physical properties) has important implications for ocean life", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c150": " iron formations. When such oxygen sinks became saturated, free oxygen began to outgas from the oceans 3\u20132.7 billion years ago", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c151": " iron formations. When such oxygen sinks became saturated, free oxygen began to outgas from the oceans 3\u20132.7 billion years ago", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c152": " iron formations. When such oxygen sinks became saturated, free oxygen began to outgas from the oceans 3\u20132.7 billion years ago", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c153": " iron formations. When such oxygen sinks became saturated, free oxygen began to outgas from the oceans 3\u20132.7 billion years ago", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c154": " iron formations. When such oxygen sinks became saturated, free oxygen began to outgas from the oceans 3\u20132.7 billion years ago", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15a": " three main reservoirs on Earth: the atmosphere, the biosphere, and the lithosphere. The main driving factor of the oxygen cycle is photosynthesis", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15b": " three main reservoirs on Earth: the atmosphere, the biosphere, and the lithosphere. The main driving factor of the oxygen cycle is photosynthesis", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15c": " three main reservoirs on Earth: the atmosphere, the biosphere, and the lithosphere. The main driving factor of the oxygen cycle is photosynthesis", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15d": " three main reservoirs on Earth: the atmosphere, the biosphere, and the lithosphere. The main driving factor of the oxygen cycle is photosynthesis", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15e": " three main reservoirs on Earth: the atmosphere, the biosphere, and the lithosphere. The main driving factor of the oxygen cycle is photosynthesis", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df8": " O\n2 gas involves passing a stream of clean, dry air through one bed of a pair of identical zeolite molecular sieves", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df9": " O\n2 gas involves passing a stream of clean, dry air through one bed of a pair of identical zeolite molecular sieves", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfa": " O\n2 gas involves passing a stream of clean, dry air through one bed of a pair of identical zeolite molecular sieves", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfb": " O\n2 gas involves passing a stream of clean, dry air through one bed of a pair of identical zeolite molecular sieves", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfc": " O\n2 gas involves passing a stream of clean, dry air through one bed of a pair of identical zeolite molecular sieves", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c164": " A similar method is the electrocatalytic O\n2 evolution from oxides and oxoacids", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c165": " A similar method is the electrocatalytic O\n2 evolution from oxides and oxoacids", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c166": " DC electricity", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c167": " A similar method is the electrocatalytic O\n2 evolution from oxides and oxoacids", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c168": " A similar method is the electrocatalytic O\n2 evolution from oxides and oxoacids", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16e": " oxygen bars and in sports. Oxygen bars are establishments, found in Japan, California, and Las Vegas, Nevada since the late 1990s", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16f": " oxygen bars and in sports. Oxygen bars are establishments, found in Japan, California, and Las Vegas, Nevada since the late 1990s", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c170": " oxygen bars and in sports. Oxygen bars are establishments, found in Japan, California, and Las Vegas, Nevada since the late 1990s", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c172": " oxygen bars and in sports. Oxygen bars are establishments, found in Japan, California, and Las Vegas, Nevada since the late 1990s", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c171": " oxygen bars and in sports. Oxygen bars are establishments, found in Japan, California, and Las Vegas, Nevada since the late 1990s", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e03": " monoxide from the heme group", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e04": " monoxide from the heme group of hemoglobin", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e05": " monoxide from the heme group of hemoglobin", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e06": " monoxide from the heme group of hemoglobin", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17b": " some heart disorders (congestive heart failure), some disorders that cause increased pulmonary artery pressure", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17a": " some heart disorders (congestive heart failure), some disorders that cause increased pulmonary artery pressure", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c179": " some heart disorders (congestive heart failure), some disorders that cause increased pulmonary artery pressure", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c178": " some heart disorders (congestive heart failure), some disorders that cause increased pulmonary artery pressure", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17c": " some heart disorders (congestive heart failure), some disorders that cause increased pulmonary artery pressure", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c182": " metal than the chemical formula would show. For example, the mineral FeO (w\u00fcstite)", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c183": " metal than the chemical formula would show. For example, the mineral FeO (w\u00fcstite)", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c184": " metal than the chemical formula would show. For example, the mineral FeO (w\u00fcstite)", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c185": " metal than the chemical formula would show. For example, the mineral FeO (w\u00fcstite)", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c186": " metal than the chemical formula would show. For example, the mineral FeO (w\u00fcstite)", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18d": " O\n2", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18e": " O\n2 supplies.[h] Passengers traveling in (pressurized) commercial airplanes have an emergency supply of O\n2", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18f": "pressurized fixed-wing aircraft", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c190": " iron filings into the sodium chlorate inside the canister. A steady stream of oxygen gas is then produced by the exothermic reaction", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c196": " liquid in specially insulated tankers", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c198": " liquid in specially insulated tankers", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c197": " liquid in specially insulated tankers", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c199": " liquid in specially insulated tankers", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c19a": " liquid in specially insulated tankers", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0c": " acid anhydrides", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0d": " acid anhydrides", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0e": " solvents", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0f": " three atoms", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e10": " acid anhydrides", "571cde695efbb31900334e16": " common complex biomolecules, such as squalene", "571cde695efbb31900334e17": "olecules, such as squalene and the carotenes, contain no oxygen", "571cde695efbb31900334e18": " common complex biomolecules, such as squalene", "571cde695efbb31900334e19": " common complex biomolecules, such as squalene", "571cde695efbb31900334e1a": " a few common complex biomolecules, such as squalene", "571ce3745efbb31900334e20": " O\n2 partial pressure more than 60 kPa can eventually lead to permanent pulmonary fibrosis", "571ce3745efbb31900334e21": " O\n2 partial pressure more than 60 kPa can eventually lead to permanent pulmonary fibrosis", "571ce3745efbb31900334e22": " O\n2 partial pressure more than 60 kPa can eventually lead to permanent pulmonary fibrosis", "571ce3745efbb31900334e23": " O\n2 partial pressure more than 60 kPa can eventually lead to permanent pulmonary fibrosis", "571ce3745efbb31900334e24": " O\n2 partial pressure more than 60 kPa can eventually lead to permanent pulmonary fibrosis", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2a": " no damage due to the low total pressures used. In the case of spacesuits", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2b": " no damage due to the low total pressures used", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2c": " no damage due to the low total pressures used. In the case of spacesuits", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2e": " O\n2 in space applications, such as in some modern space suits", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2d": " no damage due to the low total pressures used. In the case of spacesuits", "571ce6655efbb31900334e34": "Oxygen gas (O\n2) can be toxic at elevated partial pressures, leading to convulsions and other health problems", "571ce6655efbb31900334e35": "Oxygen gas (O\n2) can be toxic at elevated partial pressures, leading to convulsions and other health problems", "571ce6655efbb31900334e36": "O\n2)", "571ce6655efbb31900334e37": "Oxygen gas (O\n2) can be toxic at elevated partial pressures, leading to convulsions and other health problems", "571ce6655efbb31900334e38": "O\n2) can be toxic at elevated partial pressures, leading to convulsions and other health problems", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952d": "$3 per barrel", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952e": "$3 per barrel", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952f": "$3 per barrel", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89530": "$3 per barrel", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89531": "$3 per barrel", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd28": " oil producers linked any future policy changes to peace between the belligerents", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd29": " oil producers linked any future policy changes to peace between the belligerents", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2a": " oil producers linked any future policy changes to peace between the belligerents", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2b": " the boycott. Arab oil producers linked any future policy changes to peace between the belligerents", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4a": " August 15, 1971, the United States unilaterally pulled out of the Bretton Woods Accord. The US abandoned the Gold Exchange Standard", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4b": " August 15, 1971, the United States unilaterally pulled out of the Bretton Woods Accord. The US abandoned the Gold Exchange Standard", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4c": " August 15, 1971, the United States unilaterally pulled out of the Bretton Woods Accord. The US abandoned the Gold Exchange Standard", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4d": " August 15, 1971, the United States unilaterally pulled out of the Bretton Woods Accord. The US abandoned the Gold Exchange Standard", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4e": " August 15, 1971, the United States unilaterally pulled out of the Bretton Woods Accord. The US abandoned the Gold Exchange Standard", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd3": " less than two percent", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd4": " two percent per year", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd5": " Bretton Woods levels", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd6": " less than two percent per year", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bd": " October 6, 1973, Syria and Egypt, with support from other Arab nations, launched a surprise attack on Israel, on Yom Kippur", "5725bad5271a42140099d0be": " October 6, 1973, Syria and Egypt, with support from other Arab nations, launched a surprise attack on Israel, on Yom Kippur", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bf": " October 6, 1973, Syria and Egypt, with support from other Arab nations, launched a surprise attack on Israel, on Yom Kippur", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c0": " October 6, 1973, Syria and Egypt, with support from other Arab nations, launched a surprise attack on Israel, on Yom Kippur", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c1": " October 6, 1973, Syria and Egypt, with support from other Arab nations, launched a surprise attack on Israel, on Yom Kippur", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0eb": " $5.11 a barrel", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ec": " $5.11 a barrel", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ed": " $5.11 a barrel", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ee": " $5.11 a barrel", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ef": " $5.11 a barrel", "57261dab38643c19005ad037": " over 100 billion dollars in the ensuing decades for helping spread its fundamentalist interpretation of Islam, known as Wahhabism", "57261dab38643c19005ad038": " Saudi Arabia spent over 100 billion dollars in the ensuing decades for helping spread its fundamentalist interpretation of Islam, known as Wahhabism", "57261dab38643c19005ad039": " Saudi Arabia spent over 100 billion dollars in the ensuing decades for helping spread its fundamentalist interpretation of Islam, known as Wahhabism", "57261dab38643c19005ad03a": " Saudi Arabia spent over 100 billion dollars in the ensuing decades for helping spread its fundamentalist interpretation of Islam, known as Wahhabism", "57261dab38643c19005ad03b": " Saudi Arabia spent over 100 billion dollars in the ensuing decades for helping spread its fundamentalist interpretation of Islam, known as Wahhabism", "57261f9f271a42140099d4a9": " 1973", "57261f9f271a42140099d4aa": " 1973. The possibility that the Middle East could become another superpower confrontation with the USSR", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ab": " 1973", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ac": " oil. Further, interest groups and government agencies more worried about energy were no match for Kissinger", "5726241189a1e219009ac2de": ".S. energy security. On an international level, the price increases changed competitive positions in many industries", "5726241189a1e219009ac2df": " The embargo left oil companies searching for new ways to increase oil supplies", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e0": " deflationary impacts. The embargo left oil companies searching for new ways to increase oil supplies", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e1": " The embargo left oil companies searching for new ways to increase oil supplies, even in rugged terrain", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e2": " The embargo left oil companies searching for new ways to increase oil supplies", "5726487b5951b619008f6edd": " The UK had traditionally been an ally of Israel, and Harold Wilson's government supported the Israelis during the Six-Day War", "5726487b5951b619008f6ede": " Six-Day War", "5726487b5951b619008f6edf": " Six-Day War", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee0": " The UK had traditionally been an ally of Israel, and Harold Wilson's government supported the Israelis during the Six-Day War", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee1": " Six-Day War", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db36": " oil crisis of its own - a series of strikes by coal miners and railroad workers over the winter of 1973", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db37": " a series of strikes by coal miners and railroad workers over the winter of 1973\u201374 became a major factor in the change of government", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db38": " oil crisis of its own - a series of strikes by coal miners and railroad workers over the winter of 1973", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db39": " oil crisis of its own - a series of strikes by coal miners and railroad workers over the winter of 1973", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db3a": " oil crisis of its own - a series of strikes by coal miners and railroad workers over the winter of 1973", "57264cac708984140094c1b3": " Scarcity was addressed by rationing (as in many countries). Motorists faced long lines at gas stations beginning in summer 1972", "57264cac708984140094c1b4": " Scarcity was addressed by rationing (as in many countries). Motorists faced long lines at gas stations beginning in summer 1972", "57264cac708984140094c1b5": " Scarcity was addressed by rationing (as in many countries). Motorists faced long lines at gas stations beginning in summer 1972", "57264cac708984140094c1b7": " Scarcity was addressed by rationing (as in many countries). Motorists faced long lines at gas stations beginning in summer 1972", "57264d9edd62a815002e80fe": " Nixon named William E. Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office", "57264d9edd62a815002e80ff": " William E. Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office", "57264d9edd62a815002e8100": " Nixon named William E. Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office", "57264d9edd62a815002e8101": " Nixon named William E. Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office", "57264efddd62a815002e8134": " 55 mph (about 88 km/h) was imposed through the Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act. Development of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve began in 1975", "57264efddd62a815002e8135": " 55 mph (about 88 km/h) was imposed through the Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act. Development of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve began in 1975", "57264efddd62a815002e8136": " 55 mph (about 88 km/h) was imposed through the Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act. Development of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve began in 1975", "57264efddd62a815002e8137": " 55 mph (about 88 km/h) was imposed through the Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act", "57264efddd62a815002e8138": " 55 mph (about 88 km/h) was imposed through the Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act. Development of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve began in 1975", "572650325951b619008f6fa9": " nuclear power and domestic fossil fuels. There is criticism that American energy policies since the crisis have been dominated by crisis-mentality thinking", "572650325951b619008f6faa": " renewable energy, nuclear power and domestic fossil fuels. There is criticism that American energy policies since the crisis have been dominated by crisis-mentality thinking", "572650325951b619008f6fab": " renewable energy, nuclear power and domestic fossil fuels. There is criticism that American energy policies since the crisis have been dominated by crisis-mentality thinking", "57265200708984140094c237": " small group of unreasonable countries,\" and that they would prefer a rapid operation to seize oilfields in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait", "57265200708984140094c238": " 1973", "57265200708984140094c239": " small group of unreasonable countries,\" and that they would prefer a rapid operation to seize oilfields in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait", "57265200708984140094c23a": " small group of unreasonable countries,\" and that they would prefer a rapid operation to seize oilfields in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait", "57265360dd62a815002e819a": " 71% of its imported oil came from the Middle East in 1970", "57265360dd62a815002e819b": " 71% of its imported oil came from the Middle East in 1970", "57265360dd62a815002e819c": " 71% of its imported oil came from the Middle East in 1970", "57265360dd62a815002e819d": " 71% of its imported oil came from the Middle East in 1970", "57265360dd62a815002e819e": " 71% of its imported oil came from the Middle East in 1970", "57265526708984140094c2bd": " a reality which would quickly be revealed in the seizure of the Grand Mosque in Mecca by Wahhabi extremists during November 1979", "57265526708984140094c2be": " a reality which would quickly be revealed in the seizure of the Grand Mosque in Mecca by Wahhabi extremists during November 1979", "57265526708984140094c2bf": " a reality which would quickly be revealed in the seizure of the Grand Mosque in Mecca by Wahhabi extremists during November 1979", "57265526708984140094c2c0": " a reality which would quickly be revealed in the seizure of the Grand Mosque in Mecca by Wahhabi extremists during November 1979", "57265526708984140094c2c1": " a reality which would quickly be revealed in the seizure of the Grand Mosque in Mecca", "5726581fdd62a815002e823a": " four cylinder engines", "5726581fdd62a815002e823b": " four cylinder engines", "5726581fdd62a815002e823c": " four cylinder engines", "5726581fdd62a815002e823d": " four cylinder engines", "572659535951b619008f703f": "Acura, Lexus and Infiniti, respectively)", "572659535951b619008f7040": "Acura, Lexus and Infiniti, respectively)", "572659535951b619008f7041": "Acura, Lexus and Infiniti, respectively)", "572659535951b619008f7042": "Acura, Lexus and Infiniti, respectively)", "57265a58dd62a815002e8270": " Hilux and the Datsun Truck, followed by the Mazda Truck", "57265a58dd62a815002e8271": " Hilux and the Datsun Truck, followed by the Mazda Truck", "57265a58dd62a815002e8272": " Forte as the Dodge D-50", "57265a58dd62a815002e8273": " Hilux and the Datsun Truck, followed by the Mazda Truck", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829e": " $12 from 1974 to 1979", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829f": " $12 from 1974 to 1979", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a0": " $12 from 1974 to 1979", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a1": " $12 from 1974 to 1979. Sales of large sedans for most makes (except Chrysler products) recovered within two model years", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a2": " $12 from 1974 to 1979", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b8": "Federal safety standards, such as NHTSA Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 215 (pertaining to safety bumpers), and compacts like the 1974 Mustang", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b9": "Federal safety standards, such as NHTSA Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 215 (pertaining to safety bumpers), and compacts like the 1974 Mustang", "57265ceddd62a815002e82ba": " NHTSA Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 215 (pertaining to safety bumpers), and compacts like the 1974 Mustang", "57265e11708984140094c3bb": " $10 per barrel", "57265e11708984140094c3bc": " $10 per barrel", "57265e11708984140094c3bd": " $10 per barrel", "57265e11708984140094c3be": " $10 per barrel", "5725b41838643c19005acb7f": " National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972", "5725b41838643c19005acb80": " National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972", "5725b41838643c19005acb81": " National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972", "5725b41838643c19005acb82": " National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972", "5725b41838643c19005acb83": " National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972", "5725b56589a1e219009abd20": "Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program which ran concurrently with it from 1962 to 1966", "5725b56589a1e219009abd21": "Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program", "5725b56589a1e219009abd22": "Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program which ran concurrently with it from 1962 to 1966", "5725b56589a1e219009abd23": "Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd40": " Five of the remaining six missions achieved successful landings, but the Apollo 13 landing was prevented by an oxygen tank explosion in transit to the Moon", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd41": " Five of the remaining six missions achieved successful landings, but the Apollo 13 landing was prevented by an oxygen tank explosion in transit to the Moon", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd42": " Five of the remaining six missions achieved successful landings, but the Apollo 13 landing was prevented by an oxygen tank explosion in transit to the Moon", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd43": " Five of the remaining six missions achieved successful landings, but the Apollo 13 landing was prevented by an oxygen tank explosion in transit to the Moon", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd44": " Five of the remaining six missions achieved successful landings, but the Apollo 13 landing was prevented by an oxygen tank explosion in transit to the Moon", "5725b77889a1e219009abd54": "Apollo set several major human spaceflight milestones. It stands alone in sending manned missions beyond low Earth orbit", "5725b77889a1e219009abd55": " 8 was the first manned spacecraft to orbit another celestial body, while the final Apollo 17 mission marked the sixth Moon landing", "5725b77889a1e219009abd56": " 842 pounds (382 kg) of lunar rocks", "5725b77889a1e219009abd57": "Apollo set several major human spaceflight milestones. It stands alone in sending manned missions beyond low Earth orbit", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d453": " Abe Silverstein", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d454": " Abe Silverstein", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d455": " Abe Silverstein", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d457": " Abe Silverstein", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d456": " Abe Silverstein", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe7": " Dryden announced the Apollo program to industry representatives at a series of Space Task Group conferences", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe8": " Dryden announced the Apollo program to industry", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe9": " Dryden announced the Apollo program to industry representatives at a series of Space Task Group conferences", "5725ba5038643c19005acbea": " Dryden announced the Apollo program to industry", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c7": " a campaign that promised American superiority over the Soviet Union in the fields of space exploration and missile defense", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c8": " a campaign that promised American superiority over the Soviet Union in the fields of space exploration and missile defense", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c9": " a campaign that promised American superiority over the Soviet Union in the fields of space exploration and missile defense", "5725bb34271a42140099d0ca": " a campaign that promised American superiority over the Soviet Union in the fields of space exploration and missile defense", "5725bb34271a42140099d0cb": " a campaign that promised American superiority over the Soviet Union in the fields of space exploration and missile defense", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1d": " April 12, 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to fly in space", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1e": " April 12, 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to fly in space", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1f": " April 12, 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to fly in space", "5725bc7138643c19005acc20": " Yuri Gagarin became the first person to fly in space, reinforcing American fears about being left behind in a technological competition with the Soviet Union", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc31": " April 20, Kennedy sent a memo to Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, asking Johnson to look into the status of America's space program", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc32": " April 20, Kennedy sent a memo to Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, asking Johnson to look into the status of America's space program", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc33": " April 20, Kennedy sent a memo to Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, asking Johnson to look into the status of America's space program", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc34": " April 20, Kennedy sent a memo to Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, asking Johnson to look into the status of America's space program", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a5": " Webb announced the conversion on September 19, 1961", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a6": " Webb announced the conversion on September 19, 1961", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a7": " Webb announced the conversion on September 19, 1961", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a8": " Webb announced the conversion on September 19, 1961", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a9": " Webb announced the conversion on September 19, 1961", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdce": " July 1961 for a Launch Operations Center (LOC) immediately north of Canaveral at Merritt Island", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdcf": " July 1961", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd0": " July 1961 for a Launch Operations Center (LOC) immediately north of Canaveral at Merritt Island", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd1": " July 1961 for a Launch Operations Center (LOC) immediately north of Canaveral at Merritt Island", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd7": " October 1965", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd8": " Complex 39", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd9": " Complex 39, a Launch Control Center, and a 130 million cubic foot (3.7 million cubic meter) Vertical Assembly Building", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd6": " October 1965", "5725c123271a42140099d131": " July 23, 1963, Webb announced Mueller's appointment as Deputy Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight", "5725c123271a42140099d132": " July 23, 1963, Webb announced Mueller's appointment as Deputy Associate Administrator", "5725c123271a42140099d133": " July 23, 1963, Webb announced Mueller's appointment as Deputy Associate Administrator", "5725c123271a42140099d134": " July 23, 1963, Webb announced Mueller's appointment as Deputy Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6b": " Webb's permission to recruit General Samuel C. Phillips", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6c": " Webb's permission to recruit General Samuel C. Phillips", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6d": " Webb's permission to recruit General Samuel C. Phillips", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6e": " Webb's permission to recruit General Samuel C. Phillips, who gained a reputation for his effective management of the Minuteman program", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6f": " Webb's permission to recruit General Samuel C. Phillips, who gained a reputation for his effective management of the Minuteman program", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe44": " rendezvous \u2014let alone a docking\u2014 neither of which had been attempted even in Earth orbit, would be extremely difficult in lunar orbit", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe45": " rendezvous \u2014let alone a docking\u2014 neither of which had been attempted even in Earth orbit", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe46": " Seamans", "5725c604271a42140099d185": "OR", "5725c604271a42140099d186": " ad-hoc committee headed by his special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin in July 1961", "5725c604271a42140099d187": " ad-hoc committee headed by his special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin", "5725c604271a42140099d188": " ad-hoc committee headed by his special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin in July 1961", "5725c604271a42140099d189": " ad-hoc committee headed by his special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d531": " July 11, 1962", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d532": " July 11, 1962", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d533": " July 11, 1962", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d534": " July 11, 1962", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a1": " Marshall Space Flight Center", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a2": " Marshall Space Flight Center", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a3": " Grumman as the LEM contractor in November 1962", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a4": " Marshall", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d577": " Apollo 13", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d578": " Apollo 13", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d579": "OR method had the advantage of allowing the lander spacecraft to be used as a \"lifeboat\" in the event of a failure of the command", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d57a": " Apollo 13", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c1": " CSM's role to the translunar ferry used to transport the crew, along with a new spacecraft, the Lunar Excursion Module", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c2": " ferry used to transport the crew, along with a new spacecraft, the Lunar Excursion Module", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c3": " ferry used to transport the crew, along with a new spacecraft, the Lunar Excursion Module", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec8": " 11.42 feet (3.48 m) tall", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec9": " 11.42 feet (3.48 m) tall", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abeca": " 11.42 feet (3.48 m) tall", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecb": " 11.42 feet (3.48 m) tall", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecc": " 11.42 feet (3.48 m) tall", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1b": " 24.6 feet (7.5 m) long and 12.83 feet (3.91 m) in diameter", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1c": " Service Module", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1d": " 24.6 feet (7.5 m) long and 12.83 feet (3.91 m) in diameter", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1e": " 24.6 feet (7.5 m) long and 12.83 feet (3.91 m) in diameter", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1f": " 24.6 feet (7.5 m) long and 12.83 feet (3.91 m) in diameter", "5725cda338643c19005acd3f": " Block I", "5725cda338643c19005acd40": " Block I", "5725cda338643c19005acd41": " CSM, and also the second stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle for NASA", "5725cda338643c19005acd42": " CSM, and also the second stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle for NASA", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0a": " Lunar Module", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0b": " (16,400 kg), and allowed surface stays of over 3 days", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0d": " 33,300 pounds", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0e": " (16,400 kg), and allowed surface stays of over 3 days", "5725d01989a1e219009abf28": " rendezvous enabled the Saturn V to replace the Nova, and the MSFC proceeded to develop the Saturn rocket family", "5725d01989a1e219009abf29": " June 11, 1962, decision to use lunar orbit", "5725d01989a1e219009abf2b": " June 11, 1962, decision to use lunar orbit", "5725d0e3271a42140099d235": " LC-34, with only live first stages, carrying dummy upper stages", "5725d0e3271a42140099d236": " LC-34, with only live first stages, carrying dummy upper stages", "5725d0e3271a42140099d237": " LC-34, with only live first stages, carrying dummy upper stages", "5725d0e3271a42140099d238": " LC-34, with only live first stages, carrying dummy upper stages", "5725d2ef271a42140099d255": " 40,000 pounds (18,100 kg) into low Earth orbit", "5725d2ef271a42140099d256": " 40,000 pounds (18,100 kg) into low Earth orbit", "5725d2ef271a42140099d257": " 40,000 pounds (18,100 kg) into low Earth orbit", "5725d2ef271a42140099d258": " 200,000 lbf (890 kN) of thrust", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65b": " CSM and LM to the Moon. It was 33 feet (10.1 m) in diameter", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65c": "110.6 m) tall", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65d": " 33 feet (10.1 m) in diameter", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65e": "IC first stage burned RP-1/LOX", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6e": " CSM development flights) through the first two landings on Apollo 11", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6f": " Harrison Schmitt, a geologist, was the first NASA scientist astronaut", "5725d51589a1e219009abf70": " Harrison Schmitt, a geologist, was the first NASA scientist astronaut", "5725d51589a1e219009abf71": " Harrison Schmitt, a geologist, was the first NASA scientist astronaut", "5725d51589a1e219009abf72": " Harrison Schmitt, a geologist, was the first NASA scientist astronaut", "5725d61038643c19005acdd3": " Grissom, White, and Chaffee in 1969", "5725d61038643c19005acdd4": "humously to Grissom, White, and Chaffee in 1969", "5725d61038643c19005acdd5": " Grissom, White, and Chaffee in 1969", "5725d61038643c19005acdd6": "humously to Grissom, White, and Chaffee in 1969", "5725d61038643c19005acdd7": "humously to Grissom, White, and Chaffee in 1969", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde7": " LC-34 on suborbital flights in 1966", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde8": " LC-34 on suborbital flights in 1966", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde9": " LC-34 on suborbital flights in 1966 with the Saturn IB. The first, AS-201", "5725d6cb38643c19005acdea": " LC-34 on suborbital flights in 1966", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf90": " Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf91": " CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf92": " CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf93": " Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf94": " CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208", "5725d8a3271a42140099d28f": " AS-204 on March 21, 1966", "5725d8a3271a42140099d290": " AS-204 on March 21, 1966", "5725d8a3271a42140099d291": " AS-204 on March 21, 1966", "5725d8a3271a42140099d292": " AS-204 on March 21, 1966", "5725d8a3271a42140099d293": " AS-204 on March 21, 1966", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69b": "205/208 or AS-258, planned for August 1967", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69c": "205/208 or AS-258, planned for August 1967", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69d": "205/208 or AS-258, planned for August 1967", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69e": "205/208 or AS-258, planned for August 1967", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ab": " Atwood", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ac": " Atwood, with a strongly worded letter by Mueller, and also gave a presentation of the results to Mueller and Deputy Administrator Robert Seamans", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ad": " Atwood", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ae": " Atwood", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bd": "34", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6be": "34", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bf": " January, which would simulate a launch countdown on LC-34", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6c0": " January, which would simulate a launch countdown on LC-34", "5725dc1638643c19005ace01": " January 27, 1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace02": " January 27, 1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace03": " January 27, 1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace04": " January 27, 1967, and immediately was plagued with problems. First the crew noticed a strange odor in their spacesuits", "5725dc1638643c19005ace05": " January 27, 1967", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe2": " Administrator Webb, North American removed Harrison Storms as Command Module program manager", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe3": "NASA immediately convened an accident review board", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe4": " Administrator Webb, North American removed Harrison Storms as Command Module program manager", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe5": " Administrator Webb, North American removed Harrison Storms as Command Module program manager", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ed": " II space suits", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ee": " II space suits", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ef": " II space suits", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f0": " II space suits", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f1": " II space suits", "5725df1838643c19005ace15": " H lunar landings, I for lunar orbital survey missions, and J for extended-stay lunar landings", "5725df1838643c19005ace16": " H lunar landings, I for lunar orbital survey missions, and J for extended-stay lunar landings", "5725df1838643c19005ace17": " H lunar landings, I for lunar orbital survey missions, and J for extended-stay lunar landings", "5725e08389a1e219009ac010": " November 9, 1967", "5725e08389a1e219009ac011": " Block I CSM on November 9, 1967", "5725e08389a1e219009ac012": " November 9, 1967", "5725e08389a1e219009ac013": " November 9, 1967", "5725e152271a42140099d2cd": " January 22, 1968", "5725e152271a42140099d2ce": " January 22, 1968", "5725e152271a42140099d2cf": " January 22, 1968", "5725e152271a42140099d2d0": "Apollo 5 (AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968", "5725e152271a42140099d2d1": " January 22, 1968", "5725e28f38643c19005ace23": "Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart", "5725e28f38643c19005ace24": "Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission", "5725e28f38643c19005ace25": "ollo 8 was planned to be the D mission", "5725e28f38643c19005ace26": "Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart", "5725e28f38643c19005ace27": "ollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac038": " 20:17:40 UTC on July 20, 1969", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac039": " 20:17:40 UTC on July 20, 1969", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03a": " 20:17:40 UTC on July 20, 1969", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03b": " 20:17:40 UTC on July 20, 1969", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03c": " 20:17:40 UTC on July 20, 1969", "5725e44238643c19005ace35": " Surveyor 3 unmanned lunar probe, which had landed in April 1967", "5725e44238643c19005ace36": " Ocean of Storms. The Command Module Pilot was Gemini veteran Richard F. Gordon", "5725e44238643c19005ace37": " Ocean of Storms. The Command Module Pilot was Gemini veteran Richard F. Gordon", "5725e44238643c19005ace38": " Surveyor 3 unmanned lunar probe, which had landed in April 1967", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d71f": " CSM and LM for the last five missions", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d720": " five missions, along with the payload capacity of the Saturn V. These final missions would combine the I and J types in the 1967 list", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d721": " CSM and LM for the last five missions", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d722": " five missions, along with the payload capacity of the Saturn V. These final missions would combine the I and J types in the 1967 list", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d723": " Block II spacesuit was revised", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d729": " Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise in April 1970", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72a": " Commander, with two rookies. Apollo 13 launched Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise in April 1970", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72b": " Commander, with two rookies. Apollo 13 launched Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72c": " Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise in April 1970", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72d": " Commander, with two rookies. Apollo 13 launched Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise in April 1970", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac086": " 18 and 19. The two unused Saturn Vs became museum exhibits at the John F. Kennedy Space Center on Merritt Island, Florida", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac087": " 18 and 19. The two unused Saturn Vs became museum exhibits at the John F. Kennedy Space Center on Merritt Island", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac088": " museum exhibits at the John F. Kennedy Space Center on Merritt Island, Florida", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac089": " museum exhibits at the John F. Kennedy Space Center on Merritt Island", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09e": " calcium-rich feldspar mineral anorthite", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09f": " calcium-rich feldspar mineral anorthite", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a0": " calcium-rich feldspar mineral anorthite", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a1": " calcium-rich feldspar mineral anorthite", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace7f": " impact process effects. Many samples appear to be pitted with micrometeoroid impact craters, which is never seen on Earth rocks", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace80": " impact process effects. Many samples appear to be pitted with micrometeoroid impact craters", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace81": " pressure shock waves that are generated during impact events", "5725ec7538643c19005ace8f": " 15 Saturn V rockets, 16 Command/Service Modules, 12 Lunar Modules", "5725ec7538643c19005ace90": " September 2004", "5725ec7538643c19005ace91": " September 2004", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb3": " 30 flights to Earth orbit, using the space in the Spacecraft Lunar Module", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb4": " 30 flights to Earth orbit, using the space in the Spacecraft Lunar Module Adapter", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb5": " 30 flights to Earth orbit, using the space in the Spacecraft Lunar Module", "5725ef6838643c19005acece": " February 8, 1974", "5725ef6838643c19005acecf": " February 8, 1974", "5725ef6838643c19005aced0": " February 8, 1974", "5725ef6838643c19005aced1": " February 8, 1974", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0be": " 15 Lunar Module", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0bf": " Command Module in lunar orbit", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0c0": " 15 Lunar Module", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cc": " one-quarter of the population of the world saw\u2014either live or delayed\u2014the Christmas Eve transmission during the ninth orbit of the Moon", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cd": " live televised pictures of the Earth and the Moon back to Earth, and read from the creation story in the Book of Genesis, on Christmas Eve, 1968", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0ce": " one-quarter of the population of the world saw\u2014either live or delayed\u2014the Christmas Eve transmission during the ninth orbit of the Moon", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf": " one-quarter of the population of the world saw\u2014either live or delayed\u2014the Christmas Eve transmission during the ninth orbit", "5725f239271a42140099d35d": " broadcast TV. This resulted in lunar footage that had to be converted for the live television broadcast and stored on magnetic telemetry tapes", "5725f239271a42140099d35e": " telemetry tapes", "5725f239271a42140099d35f": " broadcast TV. This resulted in lunar footage that had to be converted for the live television broadcast and stored on magnetic telemetry tapes", "5725f239271a42140099d360": " broadcast TV. This resulted in lunar footage that had to be converted for the live television broadcast and stored on magnetic telemetry tapes", "5725f239271a42140099d361": " broadcast TV. This resulted in lunar footage that had to be converted for the live television broadcast and stored on magnetic telemetry tapes", "5725f39638643c19005acef7": " $230,000, the surviving original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11 was compiled by Nafzger and assigned to Lowry", "5725f39638643c19005acef8": " random noise and camera shake without destroying historical legitimacy", "5725f39638643c19005acef9": " $230,000, the surviving original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11 was compiled by Nafzger and assigned to Lowry", "5725f39638643c19005acefa": " $230,000, the surviving original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11 was compiled by Nafzger and assigned to Lowry", "5725f39638643c19005acefb": " random noise and camera shake without destroying historical legitimacy", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5c": " Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5d": " Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5e": " Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5f": " Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd60": " Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states", "5725c28a271a42140099d14d": " the European Parliament and the Council", "5725c28a271a42140099d14e": " the European Parliament and the Council", "5725c28a271a42140099d14f": " Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states", "5725c28a271a42140099d150": " a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f0": " Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f1": " Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f2": " the European Parliament and the Council", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f3": " Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d1": " Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d2": " Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d3": " Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d4": " Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d5": " Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d503": " Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d504": " Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d505": " Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d506": " Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890a": " the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890b": " Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890c": " Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890d": " Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d549": " Treaties establish the EU's institutions, list their powers and responsibilities, and explain the areas in which the EU can legislate with Directives or Regulations", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54a": " Treaties establish the EU's institutions, list their powers and responsibilities, and explain the areas in which the EU can legislate with Directives or Regulations", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54b": " Treaties establish the EU's institutions, list their powers and responsibilities, and explain the areas in which the EU can legislate with Directives or Regulations", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54c": " Treaties establish the EU's institutions, list their powers and responsibilities, and explain the areas in which the EU can legislate with Directives or Regulations", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54d": " appoints the Commissioners and the board of the European Central Bank", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb4": " TEU establishes that European Union law applies to the metropolitan territories of the member states, as well as certain islands and overseas territories, including Madeira", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb5": " TEU establishes that European Union law applies to the metropolitan territories of the member states, as well as certain islands and overseas territories, including Madeira", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb6": " TEU establishes that European Union law applies to the metropolitan territories of the member states, as well as certain islands and overseas territories, including Madeira", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb7": " the metropolitan territories of the member states, as well as certain islands and overseas territories, including Madeira", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb8": " TEU establishes that European Union law applies to the metropolitan territories of the member states, as well as certain islands and overseas territories, including Madeira", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894e": " TEU establishes that European Union law applies to the metropolitan territories of the member states, as well as certain islands and overseas territories, including Madeira", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894f": " TEU establishes that European Union law applies to the metropolitan territories of the member states, as well as certain islands and overseas territories, including Madeira", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8950": " TEU establishes that European Union law applies to the metropolitan territories of the member states, as well as certain islands and overseas territories, including Madeira", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8951": " TEU establishes that European Union law applies to the metropolitan territories of the member states, as well as certain islands and overseas territories, including Madeira", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bb": " a single, internal market in the Single European Act 1986", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bc": " a single, internal market in the Single European Act 1986", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bd": " a single, internal market in the Single European Act 1986", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5be": " a single, internal market in the Single European Act 1986", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bf": " a single, internal market in the Single European Act 1986", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b0": " a single, internal market in the Single European Act 1986", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b1": " a single, internal market in the Single European Act 1986", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b2": " a single, internal market in the Single European Act 1986", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b3": " Minor amendments were made during the 1960s", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b4": " a single, internal market in the Single European Act 1986", "57264865dd62a815002e8062": " a Constitution for Europe", "57264865dd62a815002e8063": " amending treaty", "57264865dd62a815002e8064": " amending treaty", "57264865dd62a815002e8065": " a Constitution for Europe", "57264865dd62a815002e8066": " amending treaty", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c4": " a Constitution for Europe", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c5": " a single constitutional document. However, as a result of the referendum in France and the referendum in the Netherlands, the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c6": " amending treaty", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c7": " amending treaty", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808c": " Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808d": " Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union states the Commission should \"promote the general interest of the Union\"", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808e": " Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union states the Commission should \"promote the general interest of the Union\"", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808f": " Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union states the Commission", "57264a8cdd62a815002e8090": " Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union", "572691545951b619008f76e1": " Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union states the Commission should \"promote the general interest of the Union\"", "572691545951b619008f76e2": " Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union", "572691545951b619008f76e3": " Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union states the Commission should \"promote the general interest of the Union\"", "572691545951b619008f76e4": " Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union states the Commission should \"promote the general interest of the Union\"", "572691545951b619008f76e5": " Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union states the Commission", "57264e455951b619008f6f65": " Parliament in 1999", "57264e455951b619008f6f66": " EU taxes), and having immunity from prosecution for doing official acts. Commissioners have sometimes been found to have abused their offices, particularly since the Santer Commission", "57264e455951b619008f6f67": " six-person board appointed by the European Council", "57264e455951b619008f6f68": " six-person board appointed by the European Council", "57264e455951b619008f6f69": " six-person board appointed by the European Council", "5726926a5951b619008f7709": " censured by Parliament in 1999", "5726926a5951b619008f770a": " Parliament in 1999", "5726926a5951b619008f770b": " six-person board appointed by the European Council", "5726926a5951b619008f770c": " six-person board appointed by the European Council", "5726926a5951b619008f770d": " six-person board appointed by the European Council", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbee": " a further right for citizens to petition the Parliament on issues which affect them. Parliament elections, take place every five years", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbef": " a further right for citizens to petition the Parliament on issues which affect them. Parliament elections, take place every five years", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf0": " a further right for citizens to petition the Parliament on issues which affect them. Parliament elections, take place every five years", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf1": " a further right for citizens to petition the Parliament on issues which affect them. Parliament elections, take place every five years", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf2": " a further right for citizens to petition the Parliament on issues which affect them. Parliament elections, take place every five years", "5726938af1498d1400e8e446": " a further right for citizens to petition the Parliament on issues which affect them. Parliament elections, take place every five years", "5726938af1498d1400e8e447": " a further right for citizens to petition the Parliament on issues which affect them. Parliament elections, take place every five years", "5726938af1498d1400e8e448": " a further right for citizens to petition the Parliament on issues which affect them. Parliament elections, take place every five years", "5726938af1498d1400e8e449": " a further right for citizens to petition the Parliament on issues which affect them. Parliament elections, take place every five years", "5726938af1498d1400e8e44a": " a further right for citizens to petition the Parliament on issues which affect them. Parliament elections, take place every five years", "5726545f708984140094c2a5": " 352 votes, but for most acts there must be a qualified majority vote", "5726545f708984140094c2a6": " 65 per cent of the population of the EU", "5726545f708984140094c2a7": " 352 votes, but for most acts there must be a qualified majority vote", "5726545f708984140094c2a8": " 352 votes, but for most acts there must be a qualified majority vote", "5726545f708984140094c2a9": " 352 votes, but for most acts there must be a qualified majority vote", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1e": " 65 per cent of the population of the EU", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1f": " 65 per cent of the population of the EU", "57269424dd62a815002e8a20": " 352 votes, but for most acts there must be a qualified majority vote", "57269424dd62a815002e8a21": " 352 votes, but for most acts there must be a qualified majority vote", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fa": " Commission proposal, where the Parliament must vote by a majority of all MEPs", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fb": " TFEU article 294", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fc": " Commission proposal, where the Parliament must vote by a majority of all MEPs", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fd": " TFEU", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fe": " Commission proposal, where the Parliament must vote by a majority of all MEPs", "572695285951b619008f774b": " Commission proposal, where the Parliament must vote by a majority of all MEPs", "572695285951b619008f774c": " Commission proposal, where the Parliament must vote by a majority of all MEPs", "572695285951b619008f774d": " EU acts. The essence is there are three readings, starting with a Commission proposal, where the Parliament must vote by a majority of all MEPs", "572695285951b619008f774e": " TFEU", "572658435951b619008f7025": " public importance, and a General Court that deals with issues of detail but without general importance. There is also a Civil Service Tribunal", "572658435951b619008f7026": " public importance, and a General Court that deals with issues of detail but without general importance. There is also a Civil Service Tribunal", "572658435951b619008f7027": " public importance, and a General Court that deals with issues of detail but without general importance. There is also a Civil Service Tribunal", "572658435951b619008f7028": " public importance, and a General Court that deals with issues of detail but without general importance. There is also a Civil Service Tribunal", "572658435951b619008f7029": " public importance, and a General Court that deals with issues of detail but without general importance. There is also a Civil Service Tribunal", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e484": " public importance, and a General Court that deals with issues of detail but without general importance. There is also a Civil Service Tribunal", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e485": " public importance, and a General Court that deals with issues of detail but without general importance. There is also a Civil Service Tribunal", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e486": " public importance, and a General Court that deals with issues of detail but without general importance. There is also a Civil Service Tribunal", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e487": " public importance, and a General Court that deals with issues of detail but without general importance. There is also a Civil Service Tribunal", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e488": " public importance, and a General Court that deals with issues of detail but without general importance. There is also a Civil Service Tribunal", "57265e455951b619008f70bb": " ENEL, a Milanese lawyer, and former shareholder of an energy company, named Mr Costa refused to pay his electricity bill", "57265e455951b619008f70bc": " a body of law applicable both to their nationals and to themselves\"", "57265e455951b619008f70bd": " ENEL", "5726975c708984140094cb1f": " ENEL, a Milanese lawyer, and former shareholder of an energy company, named Mr Costa refused to pay his electricity bill", "5726975c708984140094cb20": " ENEL, a Milanese lawyer, and former shareholder of an energy company, named Mr Costa refused to pay his electricity bill", "5726975c708984140094cb21": " ENEL, a Milanese lawyer, and former shareholder of an energy company, named Mr Costa refused to pay his electricity bill", "572699db5951b619008f7799": " EU law", "572699db5951b619008f779a": " human rights", "572699db5951b619008f779b": " EU law", "572699db5951b619008f779d": " EU law", "572699db5951b619008f779c": " EU law. This, however, would only happen in the case of an express wish of the people", "57269aa65951b619008f77ab": " EU and member state institutions for violation of the Treaties and Regulations", "57269aa65951b619008f77ac": " EU and member state institutions for violation of the Treaties and Regulations", "57269aa65951b619008f77ad": " EU and member state institutions for violation of the Treaties and Regulations", "57269aa65951b619008f77ae": " EU and member state institutions for violation of the Treaties and Regulations", "57269bb8708984140094cb95": " EU Regulations are the same as Treaty provisions in this sense", "57269bb8708984140094cb96": " EU Regulations are the same as Treaty provisions in this sense", "57269bb8708984140094cb97": " a postal company", "57269bb8708984140094cb98": " Treaty provisions in this sense", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b12": " three Advocate Generals persuasively argued that Directives should create rights and duties for all citizens", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b13": " Directives do not generally give citizens (as opposed to the member state) standing to sue other citizens", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b14": " three Advocate Generals persuasively argued that Directives should create rights and duties for all citizens", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b15": " Directives, but not from Directives themselves", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e516": " 73/173/EEC on packaging and labelling solvents by the deadline, it was estopped from enforcing a conflicting national law from 1963", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e517": " 73/173/EEC on packaging and labelling solvents by the deadline, it was estopped from enforcing a conflicting national law from 1963", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e518": " 73/173/EEC on packaging and labelling solvents by the deadline, it was estopped from enforcing a conflicting national law from 1963", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e519": " 73/173/EEC on packaging and labelling solvents by the deadline, it was estopped from enforcing a conflicting national law from 1963", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e51a": " 73/173/EEC on packaging and labelling solvents by the deadline, it was estopped from enforcing a conflicting national law from 1963", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e534": " Marleasing SA v La Comercial SA", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e535": " Marleasing SA v La Comercial SA", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e536": " Marleasing SA v La Comercial SA", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e537": " Marleasing SA v La Comercial SA", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e550": " public international law and legal doctrines and principles present in the legal systems of European Union member states", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e551": " public international law and legal doctrines and principles present in the legal systems of European Union member states", "5726a09f708984140094cc39": " Article 5", "5726a09f708984140094cc3a": " Article 5", "5726a09f708984140094cc3b": " Article 5", "5726a14c708984140094cc51": " legitimate expectation, which has its roots in the principles of legal certainty and good faith, is also a central element of the general principle of legal certainty", "5726a14c708984140094cc52": " legitimate expectation, which has its roots in the principles of legal certainty and good faith, is also a central element of the general principle of legal certainty", "5726a14c708984140094cc53": " legitimate expectation, which has its roots in the principles of legal certainty and good faith, is also a central element of the general principle of legal certainty", "5726a14c708984140094cc54": " a central element of the general principle of legal certainty", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b86": "Fundamental rights, as in human rights, were first recognised by the European Court of Justice in the late 60s", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b87": " in the late 60s", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9e": " a list of fundamental rights from the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9f": " a list of fundamental rights from the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba0": " a list of fundamental rights from the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba1": " a list of fundamental rights from the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba2": " a list of fundamental rights from the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59e": " 12 December 2007", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59f": " 12 December 2007", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a0": " 12 December 2007", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a1": " 12 December 2007", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5ae": " 40 pieces", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5af": " 40 pieces", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b0": " 40 pieces", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b1": " 40 pieces", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b2": " 40 pieces", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd0": " 12 member states", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd1": " Maastricht Treaty", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd2": " Social Charter being included as the \"Social Chapter\" of the 1992 Maastricht Treaty", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd3": " Maastricht Treaty", "5726a5525951b619008f78dd": " 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a5525951b619008f78de": " 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a5525951b619008f78df": " 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a5525951b619008f78e0": " 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a5525951b619008f78e1": " 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf6": " the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Germany", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf7": " the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Germany", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf8": " the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Germany", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf9": " the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Germany", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bfa": " the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Germany", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e654": " Article 101", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e655": " Regulation 139/2004/EC", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e656": " Article 101", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e657": " Regulation 139/2004/EC", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b55": " some people and groups within countries", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b56": " some people and groups within countries", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b57": " some people and groups within countries", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b58": " some people and groups within countries", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b59": " some people and groups within countries", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbe": " a customs union, and the principle of non-discrimination", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbf": " the principle of non-discrimination", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc0": " a customs union, and the principle of non-discrimination. The EU manages imports from non-member states", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc1": " the principle of non-discrimination. The EU manages imports from non-member states", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc2": " a customs union, and the principle of non-discrimination. The EU manages imports from non-member states", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e8": " article 34", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e9": " TFEU article 34", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ea": " TFEU article 34", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8eb": " article 36, or additional \"mandatory\" or \"overriding\" requirements such as consumer protection, improving labour standards", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ec": " domestic products", "5726ba2c708984140094cf59": " TFEU article 34, if they applied equally to all sellers", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5a": " TFEU article 34, if they applied equally to all sellers", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5b": " TFEU article 34, if they applied equally to all sellers", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5c": " TFEU article 34, if they applied equally to all sellers", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e74": " TFEU articles 18 to 21", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e75": " TFEU article 45 function as a specific expression of the general rights of citizens in TFEU articles 18 to 21", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e76": " TFEU articles 18 to 21", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e77": " TFEU article 45 function as a specific expression of the general rights of citizens in TFEU articles 18 to 21", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e78": " TFEU article 45 function as a specific expression of the general rights of citizens in TFEU articles 18 to 21", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea6": " Gaelic to teach in a Dublin design college could be justified as part of the public policy of promoting the Irish language", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea7": " Gaelic to teach in a Dublin design college could be justified as part of the public policy of promoting the Irish language", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea8": " Free Movement of Workers Regulation articles 1 to 7", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea9": " Gaelic to teach in a Dublin design college could be justified as part of the public policy of promoting the Irish language", "5726bc1add62a815002e8eaa": " Angonese v Cassa di Risparmio di Bolzano SpA a bank in Bolzano, Italy", "5726bcde708984140094cfbf": " Commission v Austria", "5726bcde708984140094cfc0": " Commission v Austria the Court held that Austria was not entitled to restrict places in Austrian universities to Austrian students", "5726bcde708984140094cfc1": " Commission v Austria the Court held that Austria was not entitled to restrict places in Austrian universities to Austrian students", "5726bcde708984140094cfc2": " Commission v Austria the Court held that Austria was not entitled to restrict places in Austrian universities to Austrian students", "5726c002708984140094d073": " article 49", "5726c002708984140094d074": " article 49", "5726c002708984140094d075": " article 49 has both \"vertical\" and \"horizontal\" direct effect", "5726c002708984140094d076": " article 49", "5726c002708984140094d077": " article 49 has both \"vertical\" and \"horizontal\" direct effect", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8a": " a toxic waste spill off the coast of C\u00f4te d'Ivoire, from a European ship", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8b": "voire, from a European ship", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8c": "voire", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8d": " a toxic waste spill off the coast of C\u00f4te d'Ivoire", "5726c3da708984140094d0d9": " Van Binsbergen v Bestuur van de Bedrij", "5726c3da708984140094d0da": " Van Binsbergen v Bestuur van de Bedrij", "5726c3da708984140094d0db": " TFEU article 56", "5726c3da708984140094d0dc": " TFEU article 56", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac4": " Centros Ltd v Erhversus-og Selkabssy", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac5": " Centros Ltd v Erhversus-og Selkabssy", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac6": " HM Treasury that member states could restrict a company moving its seat of business, without infringing TFEU article 49", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac7": " Centros Ltd v Erhversus-og Selkabssy", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac8": " HM Treasury that member states could restrict a company moving its seat of business, without infringing TFEU article 49", "5725b81b271a42140099d097": " moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin", "5725b81b271a42140099d098": " moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin", "5725b81b271a42140099d099": " moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin", "5725b81b271a42140099d09a": " moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin", "5725b81b271a42140099d09b": " moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin", "5728349dff5b5019007d9efe": " moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin", "5728349dff5b5019007d9eff": " moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f00": " moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f01": " moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f02": " moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin", "5729e2316aef0514001550c4": " moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin", "5729e2316aef0514001550c5": " moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin", "5729e2316aef0514001550c6": " moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin", "5729e2316aef0514001550c7": " moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin", "5729e2316aef0514001550c8": " moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin", "5725be0f271a42140099d117": " a broad diversity of species", "5725be0f271a42140099d118": " 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "5725be0f271a42140099d119": " 66\u201334 Mya", "5725be0f271a42140099d11a": " 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "5725be0f271a42140099d11b": " 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f94": " 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f95": " 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f96": " 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f97": " 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f98": " 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b5": " a broad diversity of species", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b6": " 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b7": " 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b8": " 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b9": " 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "5725c071271a42140099d127": " Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5725c071271a42140099d128": " Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5725c071271a42140099d129": " Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5725c071271a42140099d12a": " Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5725c071271a42140099d12b": " Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "57283d173acd2414000df78f": " Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "57283d173acd2414000df790": " Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "57283d173acd2414000df791": " Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "57283d173acd2414000df792": " Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "57283d173acd2414000df793": " Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5729e6313f37b319004785a9": " Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5729e6313f37b319004785aa": " Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5729e6313f37b319004785ab": " Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5729e6313f37b319004785ac": " Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5729e6313f37b319004785ad": " Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50b": " Last Glacial Maximum", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50c": " Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent deglaciation. Analyses of sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50d": " Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent deglaciation. Analyses of sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50e": " Last Glacial Maximum", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50f": " Last Glacial Maximum", "572841772ca10214002da1a6": " Last Glacial Maximum", "572841772ca10214002da1a7": " Last Glacial Maximum", "572841772ca10214002da1a8": " Last Glacial Maximum", "572841772ca10214002da1a9": " Last Glacial Maximum", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa779": " deglaciation", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77a": " Last Glacial Maximum", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77b": " deglaciation", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77c": " Last Glacial Maximum", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77d": " Last Glacial Maximum", "5725c63438643c19005acc9f": " CALIPSO satellite", "5725c63438643c19005acca0": " CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon", "5725c63438643c19005acca1": " CALIPSO satellite", "5725c63438643c19005acca2": " CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon", "5725c63438643c19005acca3": " longitude at the eastern coast of South America, 27.7 million tons (15%) of dust fall over the Amazon basin", "5728455bff5b5019007da078": " CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon", "5728455bff5b5019007da079": " CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon", "5728455bff5b5019007da07a": " CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon", "5728455bff5b5019007da07b": " CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon", "5728455bff5b5019007da07c": " CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon", "5729ea263f37b319004785bd": " CALIPSO satellite", "5729ea263f37b319004785be": " CALIPSO satellite", "5729ea263f37b319004785bf": " CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon", "5729ea263f37b319004785c0": " CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon", "5729ea263f37b319004785c1": " CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon", "5725c95f38643c19005accf3": " AD 1500", "5725c95f38643c19005accf4": " AD 1500", "5725c95f38643c19005accf5": " AD 1500", "5725c95f38643c19005accf6": " AD 1500", "5725c95f38643c19005accf7": " AD 1500", "572847dd4b864d19001648bc": " AD 1500", "572847dd4b864d19001648bd": " AD 1500", "572847dd4b864d19001648be": " AD 1500", "572847dd4b864d19001648bf": " AD 1500", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6c9": " AD 1500", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6ca": " AD 1500", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cb": " AD 1500", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cc": " AD 1500", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cd": " AD 1500", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed2": " Francisco de Orellana", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed3": " Francisco de Orellana", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed4": " Francisco de Orellana", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed5": " Francisco de Orellana", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed6": " Francisco de Orellana", "5729edd56aef051400155112": " Francisco de Orellana", "5729edd56aef051400155113": " Francisco de Orellana", "5729edd56aef051400155114": " Unnatural Histories presented evidence that the Amazon rainforest, rather than being a pristine wilderness, has been shaped by man", "5729edd56aef051400155115": " Francisco de Orellana", "5729edd56aef051400155116": " Francisco de Orellana", "5725cf3238643c19005acd61": " Xingu tribe, remains of some of these large settlements in the middle of the Amazon forest were found in 2003 by Michael Heckenberger", "5725cf3238643c19005acd62": " Xingu tribe, remains of some of these large settlements in the middle of the Amazon forest were found in 2003 by Michael Heckenberger", "5725cf3238643c19005acd63": " silviculture", "5725cf3238643c19005acd64": " Xingu tribe, remains of some of these large settlements in the middle of the Amazon forest were found in 2003 by Michael Heckenberger and colleagues", "5725cf3238643c19005acd65": " Xingu tribe, remains of some of these large settlements in the middle of the Amazon forest were found in 2003 by Michael Heckenberger and colleagues", "5729ef266aef05140015511c": "Terra preta (black earth), which is distributed over large areas in the Amazon forest", "5729ef266aef05140015511d": " silviculture", "5729ef266aef05140015511e": "Terra preta (black earth), which is distributed over large areas in the Amazon forest", "5729ef266aef05140015511f": "Terra preta (black earth), which is distributed over large areas in the Amazon forest", "5729ef266aef051400155120": " Xingu tribe, remains of some of these large settlements in the middle of the Amazon forest were found in 2003 by Michael Heckenberger and colleagues", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61b": " invertebrate species in Brazil", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61c": " 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61d": " invertebrate species in Brazil", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61e": " 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61f": " insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds", "5729f0db6aef051400155126": " 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region", "5729f0db6aef051400155127": " 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region", "5729f0db6aef051400155128": " invertebrate species in Brazil", "5729f0db6aef051400155129": " 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region", "5729f0db6aef05140015512a": " 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region", "5726722bdd62a815002e8528": " \u00b1 47 tonnes per hectare", "5726722bdd62a815002e8529": "62 acres) of Ecuador", "5726722bdd62a815002e852a": "62 acres) of Ecuador", "5726722bdd62a815002e852b": " \u00b1 47 tonnes per hectare", "5726722bdd62a815002e852c": "62 acres) of Ecuador", "5729f2646aef051400155130": "62 acres) of Ecuador", "5729f2646aef051400155131": " \u00b1 47 tonnes per hectare", "5729f2646aef051400155132": " \u00b1 47 tonnes per hectare", "5729f2646aef051400155133": " rainforest can contain about 90,790 tonnes of living plants. The average plant biomass is estimated at 356 \u00b1 47 tonnes per hectare", "5729f2646aef051400155134": "62 acres) of Ecuador", "5729f3831d0469140077967b": " yellow fever and Dengue fever can also be contracted in the Amazon region", "5729f3831d0469140077967c": " yellow fever and Dengue fever can also be contracted in the Amazon region", "5729f3831d0469140077967d": " yellow fever and Dengue fever can also be contracted in the Amazon region", "5729f3831d0469140077967e": " yellow fever and Dengue fever can also be contracted in the Amazon region", "5729f3831d0469140077967f": " yellow fever and Dengue fever can also be contracted in the Amazon region", "5729fd56af94a219006aa72f": "Deforestation is the conversion of forested areas to non-forested areas. The main sources of deforestation in the Amazon are human settlement", "5729fd56af94a219006aa730": "Deforestation is the conversion of forested areas to non-forested areas. The main sources of deforestation in the Amazon are human settlement", "5729fd56af94a219006aa731": "Deforestation is the conversion of forested areas to non-forested areas. The main sources of deforestation in the Amazon are human settlement", "5729fd56af94a219006aa732": "Deforestation is the conversion of forested areas to non-forested areas. The main sources of deforestation in the Amazon are human settlement", "5729fd56af94a219006aa733": "Deforestation is the conversion of forested areas to non-forested areas. The main sources of deforestation in the Amazon are human settlement", "5729feaf6aef051400155188": " 587,000 square kilometres (160,000 to 227,000 sq mi), with most of the lost forest becoming pasture for cattle", "5729feaf6aef051400155189": " 587,000 square kilometres (160,000 to 227,000 sq mi), with most of the lost forest becoming pasture for cattle", "5729feaf6aef05140015518a": " 587,000 square kilometres", "5729feaf6aef05140015518b": " 415,000 to 587,000 square kilometres", "5729feaf6aef05140015518c": " 587,000 square kilometres (160,000 to 227,000 sq mi), with most of the lost forest becoming pasture for cattle", "572a005f1d046914007796b7": " mean annual deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005 (22,392 km2 or 8,646 sq mi per year) was 18%", "572a005f1d046914007796b8": " mean annual deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005 (22,392 km2 or 8,646 sq mi per year) was 18%", "572a005f1d046914007796b9": " rainforest and led to increased settlement and deforestation. The mean annual deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005 (22,392 km2", "572a005f1d046914007796bb": " rainforest and led to increased settlement and deforestation. The mean annual deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005 (22,392 km2", "572a005f1d046914007796ba": " rainforest and led to increased settlement and deforestation. The mean annual deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005 (22,392 km2", "572a020f6aef051400155198": ".37 tons of carbon per hectare per year between 1975 and 1996", "572a020f6aef051400155199": " Amazonian evergreen forests account for about 10% of the world's terrestrial primary productivity and 10% of the carbon stores in ecosystems", "572a020f6aef05140015519a": " Amazonian evergreen forests account for about 10% of the world's terrestrial primary productivity", "572a020f6aef05140015519b": " Amazonian evergreen forests account for about 10% of the world's terrestrial primary productivity", "572a020f6aef05140015519c": ".37 tons of carbon per hectare per year between 1975 and 1996", "572a03a06aef0514001551aa": " 21st century by climate change in addition to deforestation", "572a03a06aef0514001551ab": " 21st century by climate change in addition to deforestation", "572a03a06aef0514001551ac": " 21st century by climate change in addition to deforestation", "572a03a06aef0514001551ad": " 21st century by climate change in addition to deforestation", "572a03a06aef0514001551ae": " 21st century by climate change in addition to deforestation", "572a064a3f37b3190047865d": " Peruvian Amazon", "572a064a3f37b3190047865e": " Peruvian Amazon", "572a064a3f37b3190047865f": " Peruvian Amazon indigenous peoples' rainforest communities continue to disappear", "572a064a3f37b31900478660": " Urarina continue to struggle to fight for their cultural survival and the fate of their forested territories. Meanwhile, the relationship between non-human primates", "572a064a3f37b31900478661": " Peruvian Amazon", "572a07c11d046914007796d5": " commercial interests", "572a07c11d046914007796d6": " Trio Tribe, who live in the rainforests of southern Suriname", "572a07c11d046914007796d7": " Trio Tribe, who live in the rainforests of southern Suriname", "572a07c11d046914007796d8": " commercial interests", "572a07c11d046914007796d9": " commercial interests", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75b": " Tatiana Kuplich organized the trees of the Amazon into four categories: (1) mature forest, (2) regenerating forest", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75c": " Tatiana Kuplich organized the trees of the Amazon into four categories: (1) mature forest, (2) regenerating forest", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75d": " Tatiana Kuplich organized the trees of the Amazon into four categories: (1) mature forest, (2) regenerating forest", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75e": " Tatiana Kuplich organized the trees of the Amazon into four categories: (1) mature forest, (2) regenerating forest", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75f": " Tatiana Kuplich organized the trees of the Amazon into four categories: (1) mature forest, (2) regenerating forest", "572a0b101d046914007796e9": " three years of drought", "572a0b101d046914007796eb": " three years of drought", "572a0b101d046914007796ec": " three years of drought", "572a0b101d046914007796ed": " three years of drought", "572a0b101d046914007796ea": " July 23, 2006 article in the UK newspaper The Independent reported Woods Hole Research Center results showing that the forest in its present form could survive only three years", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa76f": " a typical year the Amazon absorbs 1.5 gigatons of carbon dioxide", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa770": "160,000 square miles (3,000,000 km2) of rain", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa771": " rainforest experienced another severe drought, in some ways more extreme than the 2005 drought. The affected region was approximate 1,160,000 square miles", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa772": " 2005 drought. The affected region was approximate 1,160,000 square miles (3,000,000 km2) of rainforest", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa773": " 2005 drought. The affected region was approximate 1,160,000 square miles (3,000,000 km2)", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe1": " comb jellies) is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe2": " comb jellies) is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe3": " phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf2": " comb jellies) is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf3": " phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf4": " comb jellies) is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf5": " comb jellies) is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf6": " comb jellies) is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide", "57263eaa38643c19005ad371": " comb jellies) is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide", "57263eaa38643c19005ad372": " phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide", "57263eaa38643c19005ad373": " comb jellies) is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide", "57263eaa38643c19005ad374": " comb jellies) is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide", "57263eaa38643c19005ad375": " comb jellies) is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide", "5725bae289a1e219009abd90": " ctenophores can eat ten times their own weight in a day", "5725bae289a1e219009abd91": " ten times their own weight in a day", "5725bae289a1e219009abd92": " 100\u2013150 species have been validated", "5725c337271a42140099d163": " ten times their own weight in a day", "5725c337271a42140099d164": " 100\u2013150 species have been validated", "5725c337271a42140099d165": " ten times their own weight in a day", "5725c337271a42140099d166": " 100\u2013150 species have been validated", "5725c337271a42140099d167": " 100\u2013150 species have been validated", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ee": " ten times their own weight in a day", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ef": " 100\u2013150 species have been validated", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f0": " 100\u2013150 species have been validated", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f1": " stiffened cilia that act as teeth. These variations enable different species to build huge populations in the same area", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f2": " ten times their own weight in a day", "5725bc0338643c19005acc11": " Fertilization", "5725bc0338643c19005acc12": " Fertilization", "5725bc0338643c19005acc13": " Fertilization", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5e": " Fertilization", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5f": " adult shapes as they grow. The exceptions are the beroids, whose young are miniature beroids", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe60": " Fertilization", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe61": " adult shapes as they grow. The exceptions are the beroids, whose young are miniature beroids", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe62": " Fertilization", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd1": " Fertilization", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd2": " adult shapes as they grow. The exceptions are the beroids, whose young are miniature beroids", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd3": " Fertilization", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd4": " adult shapes as they grow. The exceptions are the beroids, whose young are miniature beroids", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd5": " Fertilization", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc39": " a vital part of marine food chains", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3a": " a vital part of marine food chains. One ctenophore, Mnemiopsis, has accidentally been introduced into the Black Sea", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3b": " small zooplankton", "5725c69738643c19005accb9": " a vital part of marine food chains", "5725c69738643c19005accba": " small zooplankton", "5725c69738643c19005accbb": " a vital part of marine food chains", "5725c69738643c19005accbc": " small zooplankton", "5726431d271a42140099d7f5": " a vital part of marine food chains", "5726431d271a42140099d7f6": " small zooplankton", "5726431d271a42140099d7f7": " a vital part of marine food chains. One ctenophore, Mnemiopsis, has accidentally been introduced into the Black Sea", "5726431d271a42140099d7f8": " small zooplankton", "5726431d271a42140099d7f9": " small zooplankton", "5725c91e38643c19005acceb": " 515 million years ago", "5725c91e38643c19005accec": " 515 million years ago", "5725c91e38643c19005acced": " 515 million years ago", "5725c91e38643c19005accee": " 515 million years ago", "5726449f1125e71900ae1928": " 515 million years ago", "5726449f1125e71900ae1929": " 515 million years ago", "5726449f1125e71900ae192a": " 515 million years ago", "5726449f1125e71900ae192b": " 515 million years ago", "5725cb33271a42140099d1db": " sponges, about as complex as cnidarians (jellyfish, sea anemones", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dc": " basement membranes", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dd": " basement membranes", "5725cb33271a42140099d1de": " basement membranes", "5725cb33271a42140099d1df": " basement membranes", "572646655951b619008f6ebf": " basement membranes", "572646655951b619008f6ec0": " basement membranes", "572646655951b619008f6ec1": " basement membranes", "572646655951b619008f6ec2": " basement membranes", "572646655951b619008f6ec3": " sponges", "572647d0708984140094c14b": " two main layers of cells that sandwich a middle layer of jelly-like material, which is called the mesoglea in cnidarians", "572647d0708984140094c14c": " two main layers of cells that sandwich a middle layer of jelly-like material, which is called the mesoglea in cnidarians", "572647d0708984140094c14d": " two main layers of cells that sandwich a middle layer of jelly-like material, which is called the mesoglea in cnidarians", "572647d0708984140094c14e": " two main layers of cells that sandwich a middle layer of jelly-like material, which is called the mesoglea in cnidarians", "572648e8dd62a815002e8076": " comb-like bands of cilia", "572648e8dd62a815002e8077": " comb-like bands of cilia", "572648e8dd62a815002e8078": " comb-like bands of cilia, called \"ctenes", "572648e8dd62a815002e8079": " comb-like bands of cilia", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db40": " Pleurobrachia, Beroe and Mnemiopsis", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db41": " three coastal genera \u2013 Pleurobrachia, Beroe and Mnemiopsis", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db42": " three coastal genera \u2013 Pleurobrachia, Beroe and Mnemiopsis", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db43": " three coastal genera \u2013 Pleurobrachia, Beroe and Mnemiopsis", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a0": " four branches round the sensory complex at the far end from the mouth", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a1": " four branches round the sensory complex at the far end from the mouth", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a2": " four branches round the sensory complex at the far end from the mouth", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a3": " four branches round the sensory complex at the far end from the mouth", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a4": " four branches round the sensory complex at the far end from the mouth", "57264cfa708984140094c1c3": " eight comb rows, called swimming-plates", "57264cfa708984140094c1c4": " eight comb rows, called swimming-plates", "57264cfa708984140094c1c5": " comb rows, called swimming-plates", "57264cfa708984140094c1c6": " comb rows, called swimming-plates", "57264cfa708984140094c1c7": " comb rows, called swimming-plates", "57264e66dd62a815002e811a": "settes may pump water out of the mesoglea to reduce its volume and increase its density", "57264e66dd62a815002e811b": " rosettes in the body cavity may pump this into the mesoglea", "57264e66dd62a815002e811c": "settes may pump water out of the mesoglea to reduce its volume and increase its density", "57264e66dd62a815002e811d": " rosettes in the body cavity may pump this into the mesoglea to increase its bulk and decrease its density", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5e": "oral organ (at the opposite end from the mouth). Its main component is a statocyst, a balance sensor", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5f": " statocyst, a balance sensor", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc60": " transparent dome", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc61": "oral organ (at the opposite end from the mouth). Its main component is a statocyst, a balance sensor", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc62": " main component is a statocyst, a balance sensor", "57265746dd62a815002e8218": " Pleurobrachia, sometimes has an egg-shaped body", "57265746dd62a815002e8219": " Pleurobrachia", "57265746dd62a815002e821a": " Pleurobrachia", "57265746dd62a815002e821b": " Pleurobrachia", "57265746dd62a815002e821c": " coastal \"sea gooseberry,\" Pleurobrachia", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcac": " Haeckelia", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcad": " Haeckelia", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcae": " Haeckelia", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcaf": " Haeckelia", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcb0": " Haeckelia", "572659ea5951b619008f7051": " eight rows of combs that run from near the mouth to the opposite end, and are spaced evenly round the body", "572659ea5951b619008f7052": " balancer in the statocyst a ciliary groove runs out under the dome", "572659ea5951b619008f7053": " balancer in the statocyst a ciliary groove runs out under the dome", "572659ea5951b619008f7054": "ronal rhythm rather like that of a Mexican wave. From each balancer in the statocyst a ciliary groove runs out under the dome", "57265aaf5951b619008f706b": " four auricles, gelatinous projections edged with cilia that produce water currents that help direct microscopic prey toward the mouth", "57265aaf5951b619008f706c": " four auricles, gelatinous projections edged with cilia that produce water currents that help direct microscopic prey toward the mouth", "57265aaf5951b619008f706d": " four auricles, gelatinous projections edged with cilia that produce water currents that help direct microscopic prey toward the mouth", "57265aaf5951b619008f706e": " four auricles, gelatinous projections edged with cilia that produce water currents that help direct microscopic prey toward the mouth", "57265aaf5951b619008f706f": " four auricles, gelatinous projections edged with cilia that produce water currents that help direct microscopic prey toward the mouth", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd36": " four of the comb rows. Most lobates are quite passive when moving through the water", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd37": " four of the comb rows. Most lobates are quite passive when moving through the water", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd38": " four of the comb rows. Most lobates are quite passive when moving through the water", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd39": " eight comb-rows, originating at the aboral pole and usually not extending beyond the body to the lobes", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd50": " Nuda", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd51": " Nuda", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd52": " thousand large cilia are able to \"bite\" off pieces of prey that are too large to swallow whole \u2013 almost always other ctenophores", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd53": " Nuda", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd54": " Nuda", "57265e97708984140094c3c3": "Venus' girdle\")", "57265e97708984140094c3c6": "Venus' girdle\")", "57265e97708984140094c3c4": "Venus' girdle\")", "57265e97708984140094c3c5": " comb-rows. There are two known species, with worldwide distribution in warm, and warm-temperate waters", "57265e97708984140094c3c7": "Venus' girdle\")", "572681c1dd62a815002e8796": " oval bodies that are flattened in the oral-aboral direction, with a pair of tentilla-bearing tentacles on the aboral surface", "572681c1dd62a815002e8797": " oval bodies that are flattened in the oral-aboral direction, with a pair of tentilla-bearing tentacles on the aboral surface", "572681c1dd62a815002e8798": " oval bodies that are flattened in the oral-aboral direction, with a pair of tentilla-bearing tentacles on the aboral surface", "572681c1dd62a815002e8799": " oval bodies that are flattened in the oral-aboral direction, with a pair of tentilla-bearing tentacles on the aboral surface", "572683075951b619008f7513": " comb rows, and eggs and sperm are released via pores in the epidermis. Fertilization", "572683075951b619008f7514": " comb rows, and eggs and sperm are released via pores in the epidermis. Fertilization", "572683075951b619008f7515": " Mnemiopsis", "572683075951b619008f7516": " comb rows, and eggs and sperm are released via pores in the epidermis. Fertilization", "572683075951b619008f7517": " brood chambers until they hatch. Self-fertilization has occasionally been seen in species of the genus Mnemiopsis", "572684365951b619008f753f": " miniature cydippid adults. In the genus Beroe the juveniles, like the adults, lack tentacles and tentacle sheaths", "572684365951b619008f7540": " larval form, and juveniles of all groups generally resemble miniature cydippid adults", "572684365951b619008f7541": " larval form, and juveniles of all groups generally resemble miniature cydippid adults", "572684365951b619008f7542": " larval form, and juveniles of all groups generally resemble miniature cydippid adults", "572684365951b619008f7543": " larval form, and juveniles of all groups generally resemble miniature cydippid adults", "572686fc708984140094c8e5": "ink)", "572686fc708984140094c8e6": "ink)", "572686fc708984140094c8e7": " Eurhamphaea vexilligera, are disturbed, they produce secretions (ink)", "572686fc708984140094c8e8": " luminesce more brightly in relation to their body size than adults", "5726887e708984140094c917": " Haeckelia", "5726887e708984140094c918": " 10 times their own weight per day", "5726887e708984140094c919": " 10 times their own weight per day", "5726887e708984140094c91a": " Haeckelia", "5726887e708984140094c91b": " Haeckelia", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33c": " marine food chains because it was thought their low ratio of organic matter to salt and water made them a poor diet", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33d": " marine food chains because it was thought their low ratio of organic matter to salt and water made them a poor diet", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33e": " marine food chains because it was thought their low ratio of organic matter to salt and water made them a poor diet for other animals", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33f": " marine food chains because it was thought their low ratio of organic matter to salt and water made them a poor diet", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e340": " marine food chains because it was thought their low ratio of organic matter to salt and water made them a poor diet", "57268c01dd62a815002e8912": " North American ctenophore Beroe ovata, and by a cooling of the local climate from 1991 to 1993", "57268c01dd62a815002e8913": " ovata, and by a cooling of the local climate from 1991 to 1993", "57268c01dd62a815002e8915": " Azov", "57268c01dd62a815002e8914": " ovata, and by a cooling of the local climate from 1991 to 1993", "57268c01dd62a815002e8916": " ovata, and by a cooling of the local climate from 1991 to 1993", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39c": " Three additional putative species were then found in the Burgess Shale and other Canadian rocks of similar age, about 505 million years ago", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39d": " 505 million years ago in the mid-Cambrian period", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39e": " Three additional putative species were then found in the Burgess Shale and other Canadian rocks of similar age, about 505 million years ago", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39f": " Three additional putative species were then found in the Burgess Shale and other Canadian rocks of similar age, about 505 million years ago", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e3a0": " Three additional putative species were then found in the Burgess Shale and other Canadian rocks of similar age, about 505 million years ago", "57268f05dd62a815002e8990": " 515 million years ago", "57268f05dd62a815002e8991": " sessile frond-like fossil Stromatoveris, from China's Chengjiang lagerst\u00e4t", "57268f05dd62a815002e8992": " 515 million years ago", "57268f05dd62a815002e8993": " 515 million years ago", "57268f05dd62a815002e8994": " sessile frond-like fossil Stromatoveris, from China's Chengjiang lagerst\u00e4tte", "57269016708984140094ca41": " ctenophores with other sequenced animal genomes have also supported ctenophores as the sister lineage", "57269016708984140094ca42": " ctenophore genomes, and that Porifera (sponges) is the earliest-diverging animal phylum", "572691bedd62a815002e89dc": " 26 species, including 4 recently discovered ones, confirmed that the cydippids are not monophyletic", "572691bedd62a815002e89dd": " 26 species, including 4 recently discovered ones, confirmed that the cydippids are not monophyletic", "572691bedd62a815002e89de": " 26 species, including 4 recently discovered ones, confirmed that the cydippids are not monophyletic", "572691bedd62a815002e89df": " 26 species, including 4 recently discovered ones, confirmed that the cydippids are not monophyletic", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4d": " Los Angeles", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4e": " 220 miles (350 km) northwest of Los Angeles", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4f": " Los Angeles", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd50": " Los Angeles", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd51": " Los Angeles", "5725cfd0271a42140099d225": " 49 miles", "5725cfd0271a42140099d226": " 49 miles", "5725cfd0271a42140099d227": " 1885", "5725cfd0271a42140099d228": " 49 miles", "5725cfd0271a42140099d229": " 49 miles", "5725d183271a42140099d23d": " German Town, Little Italy, and Chinatown. In 1940, the Census Bureau reported Fresno's population as 94.0% white", "5725d183271a42140099d23e": " German Town, Little Italy, and Chinatown. In 1940, the Census Bureau reported Fresno's population as 94.0% white", "5725d183271a42140099d23f": "inedale, in what is now North Fresno, was the site of the Pinedale Assembly Center", "5725d183271a42140099d240": " German Town, Little Italy, and Chinatown. In 1940, the Census Bureau reported Fresno's population as 94.0% white", "5725d183271a42140099d241": "inedale, in what is now North Fresno, was the site of the Pinedale Assembly Center", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d639": " In 1976, BankAmericard was renamed and spun off into a separate company known today as Visa Inc", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63a": " In 1976, BankAmericard was renamed and spun off into a separate company known today as Visa Inc", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63b": " In 1976, BankAmericard was renamed and spun off into a separate company known today as Visa Inc", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63c": " In 1976, BankAmericard was renamed and spun off into a separate company known today as Visa Inc", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63d": " In 1976, BankAmericard was renamed and spun off into a separate company known today as Visa Inc", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf58": " Mexican movie actress Lupe Mayorga", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf59": " Mexican movie actress Lupe Mayorga", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5a": " migrant farm workers", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5b": " Wheeling, West Virginia", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5c": " migrant farm workers", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d687": " county land to the southwest. Woodward Park", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d688": " public parks, two in the city limits and one in county land to the southwest. Woodward Park", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d689": " public parks, two in the city limits and one in county land to the southwest. Woodward Park", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68a": " public parks, two in the city limits and one in county land to the southwest. Woodward Park", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68b": " public parks, two in the city limits and one in county land to the southwest. Woodward Park", "5725d7e438643c19005acdf9": " Courthouse", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfa": " Courthouse", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfb": " Courthouse", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfc": " Courthouse", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b3": "ulton Street in Downtown Fresno was Fresno's main financial and commercial district before being converted into one of the nation's first pedestrian malls in 1964", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b4": " 28' on the east side of the street) to continue with the pedestrian friendly environment of the district", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b5": " 28' on the east side of the street) to continue with the pedestrian friendly environment of the district", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b6": " 28' on the east side of the street) to continue with the pedestrian friendly environment of the district", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b7": " 28' on the east side of the street) to continue with the pedestrian friendly environment of the district", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c5": " Chestnut Avenue to the West. Its major thoroughfares are Kings Canyon Avenue and Clovis Avenue", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c6": " Chestnut Avenue to the West. Its major thoroughfares are Kings Canyon Avenue and Clovis Avenue", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c7": " Chestnut Avenue to the West. Its major thoroughfares are Kings Canyon Avenue and Clovis Avenue", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c8": " Chestnut Avenue to the West. Its major thoroughfares are Kings Canyon Avenue and Clovis Avenue", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c9": " Chestnut Avenue to the West. Its major thoroughfares are Kings Canyon Avenue and Clovis Avenue", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfea": " Avenues", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfeb": " Avenues", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfec": " water tower, which is actually in another nearby area). The Tower District neighborhood is just north of downtown Fresno proper", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfed": " Avenues", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfee": " Avenues", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d7": " Dinner Theater", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d8": " Dinner Theater", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d9": " suburban flight, the neighborhood revival followed the re-opening of the Tower Theatre in the late 1970s", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2da": " Dinner Theater", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2db": " Dinner Theater", "5725e45689a1e219009ac048": " LGBT and hipster Communities", "5725e45689a1e219009ac049": " LGBT and hipster Communities", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04a": " LGBT and hipster Communities", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04b": " live theater and nightclubs, as well as several independent shops and bookstores, currently operating on or near Olive Avenue", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04c": " LGBT and hipster Communities", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d733": " Mission Revival Style architecture, and many Storybook houses", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d734": " Mission Revival Style architecture, and many Storybook houses designed by Fresno architects", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d735": " Mission Revival Style architecture, and many Storybook houses", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d736": " Mission Revival Style architecture, and many Storybook houses", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0ae": " Tract, as the land would become known, was mapped by William Stranahan for the Pacific Improvement Corporation", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0af": " Tract, as the land would become known, was mapped by William Stranahan for the Pacific Improvement Corporation", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b0": " Tract, as the land would become known, was mapped by William Stranahan for the Pacific Improvement Corporation", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b1": " Tract. The section of Huntington Boulevard between First Street on the west to Cedar Avenue on the east is the home to many large, stately homes", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b2": " Tract, as the land would become known, was mapped by William Stranahan for the Pacific Improvement Corporation", "5725edfe38643c19005ace9f": " 41 freeway and south of Nielsen Ave (or the newly constructed 180 Freeway), and extends to the city limits", "5725edfe38643c19005acea0": " 41 freeway and south of Nielsen Ave (or the newly constructed 180 Freeway), and extends to the city limits", "5725edfe38643c19005acea1": " 41 freeway and south of Nielsen Ave (or the newly constructed 180 Freeway), and extends to the city limits", "5725edfe38643c19005acea2": " 41 freeway and south of Nielsen Ave (or the newly constructed 180 Freeway), and extends to the city limits", "5725edfe38643c19005acea3": " 99 freeway", "5725f00938643c19005aced7": "32 km) west to Kerman, California", "5725f00938643c19005aced8": "32 km) west to Kerman, California", "5725f00938643c19005aced9": "32 km) west to Kerman, California", "5725f00938643c19005aceda": "32 km) west to Kerman, California", "5725f00938643c19005acedb": "32 km) west to Kerman, California", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d76f": " revitalize the neighborhood, including the construction of a modern shopping center on the corner of Fresno and B streets", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d770": " revitalize the neighborhood, including the construction of a modern shopping center on the corner of Fresno and B streets", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d771": " revitalize the neighborhood, including the construction of a modern shopping center on the corner of Fresno and B streets", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d772": " revitalize the neighborhood, including the construction of a modern shopping center on the corner of Fresno and B streets", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d773": " revitalize the neighborhood, including the construction of a modern shopping center on the corner of Fresno and B streets", "5725f2c838643c19005aceed": " 300 acres (1.2 km2). Now packed with amenities, Woodward Park is the only Regional Park of its size in the Central Valley", "5725f2c838643c19005aceee": " 300 acres (1.2 km2). Now packed with amenities, Woodward Park is the only Regional Park of its size in the Central Valley", "5725f2c838643c19005aceef": " 300 acres (1.2 km2). Now packed with amenities, Woodward Park is the only Regional Park of its size in the Central Valley", "5725f2c838643c19005acef0": " 300 acres (1.2 km2). Now packed with amenities, Woodward Park is the only Regional Park of its size in the Central Valley", "5725f2c838643c19005acef1": " 300 acres (1.2 km2). Now packed with amenities, Woodward Park is the only Regional Park of its size in the Central Valley", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fa": " William Smilie", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fb": " Sierra Sky Park Airport is a residential airport community born of a unique agreement in transportation law to allow personal aircraft and automobiles to share certain roads", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fc": " Sierra Sky Park Airport is a residential airport community born of a unique agreement in transportation law to allow personal aircraft and automobiles to share certain roads", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fd": " Sierra Sky Park Airport is a residential airport community born of a unique agreement in transportation law to allow personal aircraft and automobiles to share certain roads", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fe": " neighborhood that spawned interest and similar communities nationwide", "5725f5b1271a42140099d371": "K\u00f6ppen BSh), with mild, moist winters and hot and dry summers", "5725f5b1271a42140099d372": "K\u00f6ppen BSh), with mild, moist winters and hot and dry summers", "5725f5b1271a42140099d373": " mild, moist winters and hot and dry summers", "5725f5b1271a42140099d374": "arid climate (K\u00f6ppen BSh), with mild, moist winters and hot and dry summers", "5725f5b1271a42140099d375": "K\u00f6ppen BSh), with mild, moist winters and hot and dry summers", "5725f6e138643c19005acf19": " July 8, 1905, while the official record low is 17 \u00b0F (\u22128 \u00b0C), set on January 6, 1913", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1a": " July 8, 1905, while the official record low is 17 \u00b0F (\u22128 \u00b0C), set on January 6, 1913", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1b": " July 8, 1905, while the official record low is 17 \u00b0F (\u22128 \u00b0C), set on January 6, 1913", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1c": " July 8, 1905, while the official record low is 17 \u00b0F (\u22128 \u00b0C), set on January 6, 1913", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1d": " July 8, 1905, while the official record low is 17 \u00b0F (\u22128 \u00b0C), set on January 6, 1913", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf23": " two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 232,055 persons", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf24": " two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 232,055 persons", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf25": " two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 232,055 persons", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf26": " two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 232,055 persons", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf27": " two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 232,055 persons", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b1": " 111,529 families (70.4% of all households); the average family size was 3.62", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b2": " 158,349 households, of which 68,511 (43.3%) had children under the age of 18", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b3": " 158,349 households, of which 68,511 (43.3%) had children under the age of 18", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b4": " 158,349 households", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b5": " 158,349 households, of which 68,511 (43.3%) had children under the age of 18", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac128": " 149,025 housing units", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac129": " 149,025 housing units at an average density of 1,427.9 square miles", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12a": " 149,025 housing units at an average density of 1,427.9 square miles", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12b": " 149,025 housing units at an average density of 1,427.9 square miles", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12c": " 149,025 housing units at an average density of 1,427.9 square miles", "5725fb8138643c19005acf3f": " June 1, 1953", "5725fb8138643c19005acf40": " June 1, 1953", "5725fb8138643c19005acf41": " June 1, 1953", "5725fb8138643c19005acf42": " June 1, 1953", "5725fb8138643c19005acf43": " June 1, 1953", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ad": " Route 99, the main north/south freeway that connects the major population centers of the California Central Valley. State Route 168, the Sierra Freeway", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ae": " Clovis and Huntington Lake", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3af": " Clovis and Huntington Lake", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3b0": " Clovis and Huntington Lake", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7dd": " 9. Major improvements to signage, lane width, median separation, vertical clearance, and other concerns are currently underway", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7de": " 9. Major improvements to signage, lane width, median separation, vertical clearance, and other concerns are currently underway", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7df": " 9. Major improvements to signage, lane width, median separation, vertical clearance, and other concerns are currently underway", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7e0": " 9. Major improvements to signage", "5725ff8238643c19005acf49": "Passenger rail service is provided by Amtrak San Joaquins. The main passenger rail station is the recently renovated historic Santa Fe Railroad Depot", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4a": "enger rail service is provided by Amtrak", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4b": "Passenger rail service is provided by Amtrak", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4c": "Passenger rail service is provided by Amtrak", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4d": "Passenger rail service is provided by Amtrak San Joaquins. The main passenger rail station is the recently renovated historic Santa Fe Railroad Depot in Downtown Fresno", "5725d34089a1e219009abf50": " ARPANET in the United States", "5725d34089a1e219009abf51": " ARPANET in the United States", "5725d34089a1e219009abf52": " ARPANET in the United States", "5725d34089a1e219009abf53": " ARPANET in the United States", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc2f": " ARPANET in the United States", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc30": " ARPANET in the United States", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc31": " ARPANET in the United States", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf78": " fee per unit of connection", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf79": " a method which pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session, each having a constant bit rate and latency between nodes", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf7a": " circuit switching, a method which pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session, each having a constant bit rate and latency between nodes", "572634a789a1e219009ac56c": " fee", "572634a789a1e219009ac56d": " fee", "572634a789a1e219009ac56e": " fee per unit of connection", "572634a789a1e219009ac56f": " circuit switching, a method which pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session, each having a constant bit rate and latency between nodes", "5726219489a1e219009ac2ce": " buffering", "5726219489a1e219009ac2cf": " network nodes asynchronously using first-in, first-out buffering", "5726219489a1e219009ac2d0": "packet switches", "5726356938643c19005ad2ff": " buffering", "5726356938643c19005ad300": " network nodes asynchronously using first-in, first-out buffering", "5726356938643c19005ad301": " buffering", "5726249538643c19005ad07f": " B-265, later published as RAND report P-2626", "5726249538643c19005ad080": " survivable communications network", "5726249538643c19005ad081": " survivable communications network", "5726249538643c19005ad082": " survivable communications network", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4a": " survivable communications network", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4c": " B-265, later published as RAND report P-2626", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc49": " B-265, later published as RAND report P-2626", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4b": " survivable communications network", "572629c6271a42140099d6a3": " ACM Symposium on Operating System Principles", "572629c6271a42140099d6a4": " ACM Symposium on Operating System Principles", "572629c6271a42140099d6a5": " ACM Symposium on Operating System Principles", "572629c6271a42140099d6a6": " ACM Symposium on Operating System Principles", "5726378238643c19005ad313": " ACM Symposium on Operating System Principles", "5726378238643c19005ad314": " ACM Symposium on Operating System Principles", "5726378238643c19005ad315": " ACM Symposium on Operating System Principles", "5726385e271a42140099d797": "hungry content-addressable memory", "5726385e271a42140099d798": "hungry content-addressable memory", "5726385e271a42140099d799": " network layer service", "5726385e271a42140099d79a": " network layer service", "5726398589a1e219009ac58b": " connection identifier rather than address information", "5726398589a1e219009ac58a": " connection identifier rather than address information", "5726398589a1e219009ac589": " setup phase in each involved node before any packet is transferred to establish the parameters of communication. The packets include a connection identifier rather than address information", "5726398589a1e219009ac588": " connection identifier rather than address", "57263b1638643c19005ad333": " ISDN's layer two protocol", "57263b1638643c19005ad335": " HDLC-type link management procedures. Frame Relay is a modified version of ISDN's layer two protocol, LAPD and LAPB", "57263b1638643c19005ad334": " HDLC-type link management procedures. Frame Relay is a modified version of ISDN's layer two protocol, LAPD and LAPB", "57263b1638643c19005ad336": " ISDN's layer two protocol", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7b": " Two fundamental differences involved the division of functions and tasks between the hosts at the edge of the network and the network core", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7c": " Two fundamental differences involved the division of functions and tasks between the hosts at the edge of the network and the network core", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7d": " Two fundamental differences involved the division of functions and tasks between the hosts at the edge of the network and the network core", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7e": " Two fundamental differences involved the division of functions and tasks between the hosts at the edge of the network and the network core", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8d": " Apple Inc. in 1985 for Apple Macintosh computers", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8e": " local area networks to be established ad hoc without the requirement for a centralized router", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8f": " Apple Inc. in 1985 for Apple Macintosh computers", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc90": " Apple Inc. in 1985 for Apple Macintosh computers", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a2": " ARPANET design", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a3": " ARPANET design", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a4": " ARPANET design", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a5": " ARPANET design", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c3": " Digital Equipment Corporation, originally released in 1975 in order to connect two PDP-11 minicomputers", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c4": " Digital Equipment Corporation, originally released in 1975 in order to connect two PDP-11 minicomputers", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c5": " Digital Equipment Corporation, originally released in 1975 in order to connect two PDP-11 minicomputers", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c6": " Digital Equipment Corporation, originally released in 1975 in order to connect two PDP-11 minicomputers", "57263fd138643c19005ad37b": "Schenectady, Phoenix, Chicago, and Phoenix)", "57263fd138643c19005ad37c": "Schenectady, Phoenix, Chicago, and Phoenix)", "57263fd138643c19005ad37d": "Schenectady, Phoenix, Chicago, and Phoenix)", "57263fd138643c19005ad37e": "Schenectady, Phoenix, Chicago, and Phoenix)", "5726414e271a42140099d7e5": " public universities, was formed in 1966", "5726414e271a42140099d7e6": " public universities, was formed in 1966", "5726414e271a42140099d7e7": "enet public data networks, X.25 host attachments", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf5": " ARPA IPTO director Larry Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf6": " ARPA IPTO director Larry Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf7": " ARPA IPTO director Larry Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf8": " ARPA IPTO director Larry Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf9": " ARPA IPTO director Larry Roberts", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd13": " public networks in the U.S. and internationally via X.25/X.75 gateways", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd14": " public networks in the U.S. and internationally via X.25/X.75 gateways", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd15": " public networks in the U.S. and internationally via X.25/X.75 gateways", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd16": " public networks in the U.S. and internationally via X.25/X.75 gateways", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd17": " public networks in the U.S. and internationally via X.25/X.75 gateways", "572643de5951261400b5195a": " Deutsche Bundespost. X.75 and X.121 allowed the interconnection of national X.25 networks", "572643de5951261400b5195b": " Deutsche Bundespost. X.75 and X.121 allowed the interconnection of national X.25 networks", "572643de5951261400b5195c": " Deutsche Bundespost. X.75 and X.121 allowed the interconnection of national X.25 networks", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404d": " Telstra. Started by Telecom Australia in the early 1980s, AUSTPAC was Australia's first public packet-switched data network", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404e": " Telstra. Started by Telecom Australia in the early 1980s, AUSTPAC was Australia's first public packet-switched data network", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404f": " Telstra. Started by Telecom Australia in the early 1980s, AUSTPAC was Australia's first public packet-switched data network", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac6": " DNIC 2041), the name also referred to the public PAD service Telepad", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac7": " DNIC 2041), the name also referred to the public PAD service Telepad", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac8": " DNIC 2041), the name also referred to the public PAD service Telepad", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac9": " DNIC 2041), the name also referred to the public PAD service Telepad", "5726462b708984140094c117": " ARPANET", "5726462b708984140094c118": " ARPANET", "5726462b708984140094c119": " ARPANET", "5726472bdd62a815002e8042": " Qwest, built the first Internet2 Network, called Abilene, in 1998", "5726472bdd62a815002e8043": " Level 3 Communications", "5726472bdd62a815002e8044": " Qwest, built the first Internet2 Network, called Abilene, in 1998", "5726472bdd62a815002e8045": " Level 3 Communications", "5726472bdd62a815002e8046": " Qwest, built the first Internet2 Network, called Abilene, in 1998", "572647e2dd62a815002e805c": " 45 Mbit/s (T3) that were constructed to support NSF's networking initiatives from 1985-1995", "572647e2dd62a815002e805d": " 45 Mbit/s (T3) that were constructed to support NSF's networking initiatives from 1985-1995", "572647e2dd62a815002e805e": " 45 Mbit/s (T3) that were constructed to support NSF's networking initiatives from 1985-1995", "572648d1708984140094c15d": "45 Mbit/s), OC-3c (155 Mbit/s), and OC-12c", "572648d1708984140094c15e": "45 Mbit/s), OC-3c (155 Mbit/s), and OC-12c", "572648d1708984140094c15f": "45 Mbit/s), OC-3c (155 Mbit/s), and OC-12c", "572648d1708984140094c160": "45 Mbit/s), OC-3c (155 Mbit/s), and OC-12c", "572648d1708984140094c161": "45 Mbit/s), OC-3c (155 Mbit/s), and OC-12c", "57264684708984140094c123": " the 17th century", "57264684708984140094c124": " the 17th century", "57264684708984140094c125": " 1343", "57264684708984140094c126": " the 17th century", "57264684708984140094c127": " the 17th century", "572647935951b619008f6ec9": " 1331, with a deadly plague arriving soon after. Epidemics that may have included plague killed an estimated 25 million Chinese and other Asians", "572647935951b619008f6eca": " 1338\u201339 near Lake Issyk Kul in Kyrgyzstan", "572647935951b619008f6ecb": " ground rodents, including marmots, in various areas including Central Asia, Kurdistan, Western Asia, Northern India and Uganda", "572647935951b619008f6ecc": " 1331, with a deadly plague arriving soon after. Epidemics that may have included plague killed an estimated 25 million Chinese and other Asians", "572647935951b619008f6ecd": " a deadly plague arriving soon after. Epidemics that may have included plague killed an estimated 25 million Chinese and other Asians", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0a": " Black Death", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0b": " Black Death", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0c": " Black Death", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0d": " Black Death", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0e": " Black Death", "572648ed5951b619008f6f03": " June 1348, then turned and spread east through Germany and Scandinavia from 1348 to 1350. It was introduced in Norway", "572648ed5951b619008f6f04": " June 1348, then turned and spread east through Germany and Scandinavia from 1348 to 1350. It was introduced in Norway", "572648ed5951b619008f6f05": " June 1348, then turned and spread east through Germany and Scandinavia from 1348 to 1350. It was introduced in Norway", "572648ed5951b619008f6f06": " northwestern Russia in 1351. The plague was somewhat less common in parts of Europe that had smaller trade relations with their neighbours, including the Kingdom of Poland", "572648ed5951b619008f6f07": " June 1348, then turned and spread east through Germany and Scandinavia from 1348 to 1350", "57264991f1498d1400e8db2e": " By autumn 1347, the plague reached Alexandria in Egypt, probably through the port's trade with Constantinople", "57264991f1498d1400e8db2f": " By autumn 1347, the plague reached Alexandria in Egypt, probably through the port's trade with Constantinople", "57264991f1498d1400e8db30": " Acre, Jerusalem, Sidon, Damascus, Homs, and Aleppo. In 1348\u201349, the disease reached Antioch", "57264991f1498d1400e8db31": " By autumn 1347, the plague reached Alexandria in Egypt, probably through the port's trade with Constantinople", "57264a74708984140094c18b": " 1631 in a book on Danish history by J.I. Pontanus", "57264a74708984140094c18c": " 1631 in a book on Danish history by J.I. Pontanus", "57264a74708984140094c18d": " 1823", "57264a74708984140094c18e": " 1823", "57264a74708984140094c18f": " 1631 in a book on Danish history by J.I. Pontanus", "57264b3edd62a815002e80aa": " 1345 that caused a \"great pestilence in the air\". This report became the first and most widely circulated of a series of plague tracts", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ab": " 1345 that caused a \"great pestilence in the air\". This report became the first and most widely circulated of a series of plague tracts", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ac": " 1345 that caused a \"great pestilence in the air\". This report became the first and most widely circulated of a series of plague tracts", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ad": " 1345 that caused a \"great pestilence in the air\". This report became the first and most widely circulated of a series of plague tracts", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c6": " a human epidemic", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c7": " a human epidemic", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c8": " a human epidemic", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c9": " a human epidemic", "57264c42dd62a815002e80ca": " a human epidemic", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e4": " 541 to 700 CE", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e5": " 541 to 700 CE", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e6": " 541 to 700 CE", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e7": " 541 to 700 CE", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e8": " 541 to 700 CE", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7a": " fevers and purple skin patches", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7b": " purple skin patches", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7c": " fevers and purple skin patches", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7d": " fevers and purple skin patches", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7e": " fevers and purple skin patches", "57264e2f708984140094c1e1": " pestis in the Black Death following the disputed identification by Drancourt", "57264e2f708984140094c1e2": " pestis in the Black Death following the disputed identification by Drancourt", "57264e2f708984140094c1e3": " tooth sockets in human skeletons", "57264e2f708984140094c1e4": " tooth sockets in human skeletons", "57264e2f708984140094c1e5": " tooth sockets in human skeletons from mass graves in northern, central and southern Europe", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbae": " November 1347 and spread through France over the next two years, eventually reaching England in the spring of 1349", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbaf": " November 1347 and spread through France over the next two years, eventually reaching England in the spring of 1349", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb0": " November 1347 and spread through France over the next two years, eventually reaching England in the spring of 1349", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb1": " November 1347 and spread through France over the next two years, eventually reaching England in the spring of 1349", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb2": " November 1347 and spread through France over the next two years, eventually reaching England in the spring of 1349", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa1": " A study published in Nature in October 2011 sequenced the genome of Y. pestis", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa2": " Smithfield burial site in England", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa3": " Smithfield burial site in England", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa4": " A study published in Nature in October 2011 sequenced the genome of Y. pestis", "5726509bdd62a815002e815a": ". F. D. Shrewsbury", "5726509bdd62a815002e815b": ". F. D. Shrewsbury", "5726509bdd62a815002e815c": ". F. D. Shrewsbury", "5726509bdd62a815002e815d": ". F. D. Shrewsbury", "5726509bdd62a815002e815e": ". F. D. Shrewsbury", "5726516a708984140094c223": " 1377", "5726516a708984140094c224": " 1377", "5726516a708984140094c225": " 1377", "5726516a708984140094c226": " 1377", "5726516a708984140094c227": " 1377", "57265285708984140094c25b": " mass graves. Other arguments include the lack of accounts of the death of rats before outbreaks of plague between the 14th and 17th centuries", "57265285708984140094c25c": " mass graves. Other arguments include the lack of accounts of the death of rats", "57265285708984140094c25d": " mass graves. Other arguments include the lack of accounts of the death of rats before outbreaks of plague between the 14th and 17th centuries", "57265285708984140094c25e": " mass graves. Other arguments include the lack of accounts of the death of rats before outbreaks of plague between the 14th and 17th centuries", "57265285708984140094c25f": " mass graves. Other arguments include the lack of accounts of the death of rats before outbreaks of plague between the 14th and 17th centuries", "5726534d708984140094c26d": " Scott and Duncan have argued that the pandemic was a form of infectious disease that characterise as hemorrhagic plague", "5726534d708984140094c26e": " a large number of rats in the archaeological record of the medieval waterfront in London", "5726534d708984140094c26f": " a large number of rats in the archaeological record of the medieval waterfront in London", "5726534d708984140094c270": " a large number of rats", "5726534d708984140094c271": " Archaeologist Barney Sloane has argued that there is insufficient evidence of the extinction of a large number of rats", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc28": " a third. The Black Death killed about 40% of Egypt", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc29": " a third. The Black Death killed about 40% of Egypt", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2a": " a third. The Black Death killed about 40% of Egypt", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2b": " a third. The Black Death killed about 40% of Egypt", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2c": " a third. The Black Death killed about 40% of Egypt", "572654e2708984140094c2b7": " 1360\u201363", "572654e2708984140094c2b8": " 1360\u201363", "572654e2708984140094c2b9": " 1360\u201363", "5726559edd62a815002e81c8": " 1361\u201362", "5726559edd62a815002e81c9": " 1361\u201362", "5726559edd62a815002e81ca": " 1361\u201362", "5726559edd62a815002e81cb": " 1361\u201362", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc68": " 1350 to 1490. Plague epidemics ravaged London in 1563", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc69": " 1350 to 1490. Plague epidemics ravaged London in 1563", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6b": " 1350 to 1490. Plague epidemics ravaged London in 1563", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6c": " 1576\u201377", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6a": " 1576\u201377", "57265700dd62a815002e820e": " 1649 probably reduced the population of Seville", "57265700dd62a815002e820f": " 1649 probably reduced the population of Seville", "57265700dd62a815002e8210": " 1649 probably reduced the population of Seville", "57265700dd62a815002e8211": " 1649 probably reduced the population of Seville", "57265700dd62a815002e8212": " 1649 probably reduced the population of Seville", "5726577f708984140094c301": " 1701 and 1750, thirty-seven larger and smaller epidemics were recorded in Constantinople", "5726577f708984140094c302": " 1701 and 1750, thirty-seven larger and smaller epidemics were recorded in Constantinople", "5726577f708984140094c303": " 1701 and 1750, thirty-seven larger and smaller epidemics were recorded in Constantinople", "5726577f708984140094c304": " 1701 and 1750, thirty-seven larger and smaller epidemics were recorded in Constantinople", "572657d9dd62a815002e8230": " lithified into a sedimentary rock", "572657d9dd62a815002e8231": " lithified into a sedimentary rock, or be turned into a metamorphic rock", "572657d9dd62a815002e8232": " lithified into a sedimentary rock", "572657d9dd62a815002e8233": " lithified into a sedimentary rock", "572657d9dd62a815002e8234": " lithified into a sedimentary rock, or be turned into a metamorphic rock", "57265d08708984140094c397": " tectonics", "57265d08708984140094c398": " tectonics", "57265d08708984140094c399": " tectonics", "57265d08708984140094c39a": " tectonics", "57265d08708984140094c39b": " tectonics", "57265f605951b619008f70db": " plate tectonics provided a physical basis for many observations of the solid Earth", "57265f605951b619008f70dc": " tectonics provided a physical basis for many observations of the solid Earth", "57265f605951b619008f70dd": " plate tectonics provided a physical basis for many observations of the solid Earth", "57265f605951b619008f70de": " plate tectonics provided a physical basis for many observations of the solid Earth", "57265f605951b619008f70df": " tectonics lies in its ability to combine all of these observations into a single theory of how the lithosphere moves over the convecting mantle", "57266193dd62a815002e832a": " a crust and lithosphere", "57266193dd62a815002e832b": " a crust and lithosphere", "57266193dd62a815002e832d": " a crust and lithosphere", "57266193dd62a815002e832e": " a crust and lithosphere", "57266193dd62a815002e832c": " 410 and 660 kilometers), and the outer core and inner core", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf2": " Holocene (the latest epoch) is too small to be shown clearly on the third timeline", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf4": " eon", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf5": " Holocene (the latest epoch)", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf6": " eon", "572665ff708984140094c4c3": " Faults are younger than the rocks they cut", "572665ff708984140094c4c4": " Faults are younger than the rocks they cut", "572665ff708984140094c4c5": " Faults are younger than the rocks they cut", "572665ff708984140094c4c6": " Faults are younger than the rocks they cut", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de90": " A similar situation with igneous rocks occurs when xenoliths are found. These foreign bodies are picked up as magma or lava flows", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de91": " A similar situation with igneous rocks occurs when xenoliths are found. These foreign bodies are picked up as magma or lava flows", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de92": " clasts) are found in a formation, then the inclusions must be older than the formation that contains them", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de93": " clasts) are found in a formation, then the inclusions must be older than the formation that contains them", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de94": " A similar situation with igneous rocks", "572669a9dd62a815002e8416": " fossilization", "572669a9dd62a815002e8417": " fossilization", "572669a9dd62a815002e8418": " fossilization", "572669a9dd62a815002e8419": " fossilization", "572669a9dd62a815002e841a": " fossilization", "57266c015951b619008f7237": " fossil sequences in which there was datable material, converting the old relative ages into new absolute ages", "57266c015951b619008f7238": " fossil sequences in which there was datable material, converting the old relative ages into new absolute ages", "57266c015951b619008f7239": " fossil sequences in which there was datable material, converting the old relative ages into new absolute ages", "57266c015951b619008f723a": " fossil sequences in which there was datable material, converting the old relative ages into new absolute ages", "57266c015951b619008f723b": " fossil sequences in which there was datable material, converting the old relative ages into new absolute ages", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8c": " lava and volcanic ash layers found within a stratigraphic sequence can provide absolute age data for sedimentary rock units", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8d": " minerals", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8e": " uranium-lead dating, potassium-argon dating, argon-argon dating and uranium-thorium dating", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8f": " lava and volcanic ash layers found within a stratigraphic sequence can provide absolute age data for sedimentary rock units", "5726701add62a815002e84c8": " anticlines and synclines", "5726701add62a815002e84c9": " anticlines and synclines", "5726701add62a815002e84ca": " anticlines and synclines", "5726701add62a815002e84cb": " anticlines and synclines", "5726701add62a815002e84cc": " anticlines and synclines", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe4": " a meter", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe5": " rock units that are higher below those that are lower. This typically results in younger units being placed below older units", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe6": " rock units that are higher below those that are lower. This typically results in younger units being placed below older units", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe7": " a meter", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe8": " a meter", "572673f5708984140094c69b": " sediment, and continues to create accommodation space for the material to deposit. Deformational events are often also associated with volcanism", "572673f5708984140094c69c": " sediment, and continues to create accommodation space for the material to deposit. Deformational events are often also associated with volcanism", "572673f5708984140094c69d": " sediment, and continues to create accommodation space for the material to deposit. Deformational events are often also associated with volcanism", "572673f5708984140094c69e": " gradients, causing material on the rock unit that is increasing in elevation to be eroded by hills", "572673f5708984140094c69f": " material on the rock unit that is increasing in elevation to be eroded by hills", "57267640f1498d1400e8e074": " lava flows. The sedimentary sequences of the mid-continental United States and the Grand Canyon in the southwestern United States", "57267640f1498d1400e8e075": "All of these processes do not necessarily occur in a single environment, and do not necessarily occur in a single order. The Hawaiian Islands", "57267640f1498d1400e8e076": "All of these processes do not necessarily occur in a single environment, and do not necessarily occur in a single order. The Hawaiian Islands", "57267640f1498d1400e8e077": " rock deformation can occur, and they can occur any number of times, these concepts provide a guide to understanding the geological history of an area", "57267640f1498d1400e8e078": " foliated, and folded. Even older rocks, such as the Acasta gneiss of the Slave craton", "572677e7708984140094c723": " modern soils, rivers, landscapes, and glaciers", "572677e7708984140094c724": " modern soils, rivers, landscapes, and glaciers", "572677e7708984140094c725": " modern soils, rivers, landscapes, and glaciers", "572677e7708984140094c726": " modern soils, rivers, landscapes, and glaciers", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ec": " Two of the primary methods for identifying rocks in the laboratory are through optical microscopy and by using an electron microprobe", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ed": " Two of the primary methods for identifying rocks in the laboratory are through optical microscopy and by using an electron microprobe", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ee": " electron microprobe. In an optical mineralogy analysis, thin sections of rock samples are analyzed through a petrographic microscope", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ef": " Two of the primary methods for identifying rocks in the laboratory are through optical microscopy and by using an electron microprobe", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0f0": " electron microprobe. In an optical mineralogy analysis, thin sections of rock samples are analyzed through a petrographic microscope", "57267b3c5951b619008f7423": " metamorphic processes and the conditions of crystallization of igneous rocks", "57267b3c5951b619008f7424": " metamorphic processes and the conditions of crystallization of igneous rocks", "57267b3c5951b619008f7425": " extrapolated to the field to understand metamorphic processes and the conditions of crystallization of igneous rocks", "57267d52708984140094c7d9": " rock deformation in large and small settings", "57267d52708984140094c7da": " rock deformation in large and small settings", "57267d52708984140094c7db": " rock deformation in large and small settings", "57267d52708984140094c7dc": " deformation in large and small settings", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872c": " pressure, temperature, space, and time", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872d": " tectonic plate boundaries", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872e": " tectonic plate boundaries", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872f": " tapered (all angles remain the same) orogenic wedge", "57267ebfdd62a815002e8730": " tectonic plate boundaries", "57268066708984140094c821": " three dimensions. Stratigraphers can then use these data to reconstruct ancient processes occurring on the surface of the Earth", "57268066708984140094c822": " three dimensions. Stratigraphers can then use these data to reconstruct ancient processes occurring on the surface of the Earth", "57268066708984140094c823": " three dimensions. Stratigraphers can then use these data to reconstruct ancient processes occurring on the surface of the Earth", "57268066708984140094c824": "raphers can then use these data to reconstruct ancient processes occurring on the surface of the Earth", "57268066708984140094c825": " three dimensions. Stratigraphers can then use these data to reconstruct ancient processes occurring on the surface of the Earth", "57268220f1498d1400e8e218": " Magnetic stratigraphers look for signs of magnetic reversals in igneous rock units within the drill cores", "57268220f1498d1400e8e216": " Magnetic stratigraphers look for signs of magnetic reversals in igneous rock units within the drill cores", "57268220f1498d1400e8e219": " drill cores", "57268220f1498d1400e8e217": " Magnetic stratigraphers look for signs of magnetic reversals in igneous rock units within the drill cores", "572683f95951b619008f7525": " Fielding H. Garrison, are of the opinion that the origin of the science of geology can be traced to Persia", "572683f95951b619008f7526": " Fielding H. Garrison, are of the opinion that the origin of the science of geology can be traced to Persia", "572683f95951b619008f7527": " Fielding H. Garrison, are of the opinion that the origin of the science of geology can be traced to Persia", "572683f95951b619008f7528": " 981\u20131037) proposed detailed explanations for the formation of mountains", "572683f95951b619008f7529": " Fielding H. Garrison, are of the opinion that the origin of the science of geology can be traced to Persia", "57268527708984140094c8bf": " 1785 he presented a paper entitled Theory of the Earth to the Royal Society of Edinburgh", "57268527708984140094c8c0": " 1785 he presented a paper entitled Theory of the Earth to the Royal Society of Edinburgh", "57268527708984140094c8c1": " 1795", "57268527708984140094c8c2": " 1795", "572686ac5951b619008f75a9": " Smith's geological map of England", "572686ac5951b619008f75aa": " Smith's geological map of England", "572686ac5951b619008f75ab": " Smith's geological map of England", "572686ac5951b619008f75ad": " Smith's geological map of England", "572686ac5951b619008f75ac": " Smith's geological map of England", "57268882f1498d1400e8e306": " 1830. This book, which influenced the thought of Charles Darwin, successfully promoted the doctrine of uniformitarianism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e307": " uniformitarianism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e308": " 1830. This book, which influenced the thought of Charles Darwin, successfully promoted the doctrine of uniformitarianism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e309": " 1830. This book, which influenced the thought of Charles Darwin, successfully promoted the doctrine of uniformitarianism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e30a": " 1830. This book, which influenced the thought of Charles Darwin, successfully promoted the doctrine of uniformitarianism", "5726642f5951b619008f7157": " 103 miles (166 km) south of Edinburgh and 277 miles (446 km) north of London", "5726642f5951b619008f7158": " 103 miles (166 km) south of Edinburgh and 277 miles (446 km) north of London", "5726642f5951b619008f7159": " 103 miles (166 km) south of Edinburgh and 277 miles (446 km) north of London", "5726642f5951b619008f715a": " 103 miles (166 km) south of Edinburgh and 277 miles (446 km) north of London", "5726642f5951b619008f715b": " 103 miles (166 km) south of Edinburgh and 277 miles (446 km) north of London", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de30": " \u00a313 billion towards the United Kingdom", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de31": " wool trade in the 14th century", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de32": " \u00a313 billion towards the United Kingdom", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de33": " \u00a313 billion towards the United Kingdom", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de34": " \u00a313 billion towards the United Kingdom", "5726660d5951b619008f71b1": " 73 miles (117 km), spanning the width of Britain", "5726660d5951b619008f71b2": " Tyne. It was given the family name of the Roman Emperor Hadrian, who founded it in the 2nd century AD", "5726660d5951b619008f71b3": " Tyne. It was given the family name of the Roman Emperor Hadrian, who founded it in the 2nd century AD", "5726660d5951b619008f71b4": " 73 miles (117 km), spanning the width of Britain", "5726660d5951b619008f71b5": " 73 miles (117 km), spanning the width of Britain", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b4": " charter granted by Elizabeth in 1589", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b5": " Henry II, the city had a new charter granted by Elizabeth in 1589", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b6": " charter granted by Elizabeth in 1589", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b7": " charter granted by Elizabeth in 1589", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b8": " three times during the 14th century", "57266783f1498d1400e8de86": "yneside to Newcastle Quayside, giving a monopoly in the coal trade to a cartel of Newcastle burgesses", "57266783f1498d1400e8de87": " coal trade to a cartel of Newcastle burgesses known as the Hostmen", "57266783f1498d1400e8de88": " coal trade to a cartel of Newcastle burgesses known as the Hostmen", "57266783f1498d1400e8de89": " 1530 a royal act restricted all shipments of coal from Tyneside to Newcastle Quayside, giving a monopoly in the coal trade", "57266783f1498d1400e8de8a": " coal trade to a cartel of Newcastle burgesses known as the Hostmen", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def6": " 47% of the then population of Newcastle died from the epidemic; this may also have been the most devastating loss in any British City in this period", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def7": " 7,000 out of 20,000 inhabitants of Newcastle died of plague", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def8": " 7,000 out of 20,000 inhabitants of Newcastle died of plague", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def9": " 47% of the then population of Newcastle died from the epidemic; this may also have been the most devastating loss in any British City in this period", "57266a15f1498d1400e8defa": " 7,000 out of 20,000 inhabitants of Newcastle died of plague", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8434": " Cromwell's allies, the Scots, captured the town of Newburn", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8435": " Lawe in South Shields", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8436": " Cromwell's allies, the Scots, captured the town of Newburn", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8437": " Cromwell's allies, the Scots, captured the town of Newburn", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8438": " Cromwell's allies, the Scots, captured the town of Newburn", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df53": " Victoria Tunnelling, built in 1842", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df54": " Victoria Tunnelling, built in 1842", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df55": " Victoria Tunnelling, built in 1842", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df52": " Victoria Tunnelling, built in 1842", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df56": " Victoria Tunnelling, built in 1842", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df78": " Castle Keep, originally recorded in the 14th century", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df79": " Castle Keep, originally recorded in the 14th century", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7a": " Sandhill and Quayside contain modern buildings as well as structures dating from the 15th\u201318th centuries", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7b": " Sandhill and Quayside contain modern buildings as well as structures dating from the 15th\u201318th centuries", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7c": " Sandhill and Quayside contain modern buildings as well as structures dating from the 15th\u201318th centuries", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a0": " Stuart Maconie", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a1": " Stuart Maconie", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a2": " Grey Street as one of the finest streets in England", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a3": " neoclassical centre referred to as Tyneside Classical largely developed in the 1830s by Richard Grainger and John Dobson", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a4": " Stuart Maconie", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa4": " Geldof, King Harald V of Norway", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa5": " Geldof, King Harald V of Norway", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa7": " green space in Newcastle is the Town Moor, lying immediately north of the city centre. It is larger than London's famous Hyde Park and Hampstead Heath", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa8": " Geldof, King Harald V of Norway", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa6": " Geldof, King Harald V of Norway", "57267076708984140094c601": " Gateshead Council", "57267076708984140094c602": " Millennium Bridge was commissioned by Gateshead Council", "57267076708984140094c603": " Millennium Bridge was commissioned by Gateshead Council", "57267076708984140094c604": " shipping premises with imposing new office developments; an innovative tilting bridge, the Gateshead Millennium Bridge was commissioned by Gateshead Council", "57267076708984140094c605": " Gateshead Council", "572671165951b619008f72b7": " 450 buildings", "572671165951b619008f72b8": " 450 buildings, 244 are listed", "572671165951b619008f72b9": " 450 buildings", "572671165951b619008f72ba": " 450 buildings, 244 are listed", "572671e55951b619008f72d7": " 1808 called the Butcher Market. The Grainger Market itself, was opened in 1835 and was Newcastle's first indoor market", "572671e55951b619008f72d8": " 1808 called the Butcher Market. The Grainger Market itself, was opened in 1835", "572671e55951b619008f72d9": " 1808 called the Butcher Market. The Grainger Market itself, was opened in 1835 and was Newcastle's first indoor market", "572671e55951b619008f72da": " 1808 called the Butcher Market. The Grainger Market itself, was opened in 1835 and was Newcastle's first indoor market", "572671e55951b619008f72db": " Grainger Market architecture, like most in Grainger Town, which are either grade I or II listed, was listed grade I in 1954", "57267383dd62a815002e8552": " \u221212.6 \u00b0C (9.3 \u00b0F) during January 1982", "57267383dd62a815002e8553": " \u221212.6 \u00b0C (9.3 \u00b0F) during January 1982", "57267383dd62a815002e8554": " \u221212.6 \u00b0C (9.3 \u00b0F) during January 1982", "57267383dd62a815002e8555": " \u221212.6 \u00b0C (9.3 \u00b0F) during January 1982", "57267383dd62a815002e8556": " \u221212.6 \u00b0C (9.3 \u00b0F) during January 1982", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03a": " Eldon Square Shopping Centre, one of the largest city centre shopping complexes in the UK", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03b": " March 2007", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03c": " Eldon Square Shopping Centre, one of the largest city centre shopping complexes in the UK", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03d": " March 2007", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03e": " March 2007", "5726769c708984140094c711": " Tesco store in the United Kingdom", "5726769c708984140094c712": " Tesco store in the United Kingdom", "5726769c708984140094c713": " Tesco store in the United Kingdom", "5726769c708984140094c714": " Tesco store in the United Kingdom", "5726769c708984140094c715": " Tesco store in the United Kingdom", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ac": " Tyneside flat was the dominant housing form constructed at the time when the industrial centres on Tyneside were growing most rapidly", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ad": " A new development in the Ouseburn valley", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ae": " A new development in the Ouseburn valley", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0af": " Tyneside flat", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0b0": " industrial centres on Tyneside were growing most rapidly. They can still be found in areas such as South Heaton in Newcastle but once dominated the streets", "572678c0dd62a815002e863e": " five colour-coded brackets", "572678c0dd62a815002e863f": " five colour-coded brackets", "572678c0dd62a815002e8640": " five colour-coded brackets", "572678c0dd62a815002e8641": " five colour-coded brackets", "572678c0dd62a815002e8642": " five colour-coded brackets", "572679c35951b619008f73db": " 201,000), South Tyneside (population circa 148,000) and Gateshead (population circa 201,000", "572679c35951b619008f73dc": "863, whereas the metropolitan borough of Newcastle had a population of around 259,000. Newcastle has a population of 282,442", "572679c35951b619008f73dd": "863, whereas the metropolitan borough of Newcastle had a population of around 259,000. Newcastle has a population of 282,442", "572679c35951b619008f73de": "863, whereas the metropolitan borough of Newcastle had a population of around 259,000. Newcastle has a population of 282,442", "572679c35951b619008f73df": "863, whereas the metropolitan borough of Newcastle had a population of around 259,000. Newcastle has a population of 282,442", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e122": " Border Reiver", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e123": " Border Reiver", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e124": " Border Reiver", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e125": " Border Reiver", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e126": " Border Reiver", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a6": " Geordie", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a7": " Geordie, and contains a large amount of vocabulary and distinctive word pronunciations not used in other parts of the United Kingdom", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a8": " Geordie, and contains a large amount of vocabulary and distinctive word pronunciations not used in other parts of the United Kingdom", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a9": " Geordie", "57267b65dd62a815002e86aa": " Modern English", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d6": " Geordie words with origins in Scandinavia", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d7": "hyem\", meaning \"child\" and \"home\", respectively, are examples of Geordie words with origins in Scandinavia", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d8": " Geordie words with origins in Scandinavia", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d9": " Geordie words with origins in Scandinavia", "57267c63dd62a815002e86da": " Geordie words with origins in Scandinavia", "57267ce7708984140094c7c9": " 80.4 decibels", "57267ce7708984140094c7ca": " 80.4 decibels", "57267ce7708984140094c7cb": " 80.4 decibels. The report claimed that these noise levels would have a negative long-term impact on the health of the city's residents", "57267ce7708984140094c7cc": " Ear Institute at the University College London, and Widex, a Danish hearing aid manufacturer", "57267ce7708984140094c7cd": " 80.4 decibels. The report claimed that these noise levels would have a negative long-term impact on the health of the city's residents", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e194": " gay scene - 'The Pink Triangle' - is centred on the Times Square area", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e195": " gay scene - 'The Pink Triangle'", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e196": " gay scene - 'The Pink Triangle'", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e197": " gay scene - 'The Pink Triangle' - is centred on the Times Square area", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e198": " gay scene - 'The Pink Triangle' - is centred on the Times Square area", "57267f695951b619008f74bd": " 1788", "57267f695951b619008f74be": " 1788", "57267f695951b619008f74bf": " 1788", "57267f695951b619008f74c0": " 1788", "57267f695951b619008f74c1": " 1788", "5726800add62a815002e8750": " 1837", "5726800add62a815002e8751": " 1837, designed by John and Benjamin Green. It has hosted a season of performances from the Royal Shakespeare Company", "5726800add62a815002e8752": " 1837, designed by John and Benjamin Green. It has hosted a season of performances from the Royal Shakespeare Company", "5726800add62a815002e8753": " 1837", "5726800add62a815002e8754": " Live Theatre, the People's Theatre and the Jubilee Theatre. NewcastleGateshead was voted in 2006 as the arts capital of the UK", "572680865951b619008f74e7": " Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle upon Tyne", "572680865951b619008f74e8": " Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle upon Tyne (popularly known as the 'Lit & Phil') is the largest independent library outside London", "572680865951b619008f74e9": " Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle upon Tyne (popularly known as the 'Lit & Phil') is the largest independent library outside London", "572680865951b619008f74ea": " Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle upon Tyne (popularly known as the 'Lit & Phil') is the largest independent library outside London", "572680865951b619008f74eb": " 1825", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fa": " Gateshead Quaysides over the Spring bank holiday, with performances by acts from the world of Rock, Indie and Dance music", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fb": " Gateshead Quaysides over the Spring bank holiday, with performances by acts from the world of Rock, Indie and Dance music", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fc": " Gateshead Quaysides over the Spring bank holiday, with performances by acts from the world of Rock, Indie and Dance music", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fd": " Gateshead Quaysides over the Spring bank holiday, with performances by acts from the world of Rock, Indie and Dance music", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fe": " CAMRA, takes place in April. In May, Newcastle and Gateshead host the Evolution Festival", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23c": " Hoppings, reputedly the largest travelling fair in Europe, takes place on Newcastle Town", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23d": " Newcastle Town", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23e": " Hoppings, reputedly the largest travelling fair in Europe, takes place on Newcastle Town", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23f": " Temperance Movement during the early 1880s and coincides with the annual race week at High Gosforth Park. Newcastle Community Green Festival", "57268341f1498d1400e8e240": " Temperance Movement during the early 1880s and coincides with the annual race week at High Gosforth Park. Newcastle Community Green Festival", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24c": " Punjabi, Pakistani, Bengali and Hindu cultures", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24e": " Punjabi, Pakistani, Bengali and Hindu cultures", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24f": " Punjabi, Pakistani, Bengali and Hindu cultures", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e250": " Punjabi, Pakistani, Bengali and Hindu cultures", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24d": " Punjabi, Pakistani, Bengali and Hindu cultures", "5726847f708984140094c8ab": " Geordie ex-footballer Paul Gascoigne in 1990", "5726847f708984140094c8ac": " Venom, reckoned by many to be the originators of black metal and extremely influential to the extreme metal scene as a whole, formed in Newcastle in 1979", "5726847f708984140094c8ad": " Venom, reckoned by many to be the originators of black metal and extremely influential to the extreme metal scene as a whole, formed in Newcastle in 1979", "5726847f708984140094c8ae": " Venom, reckoned by many to be the originators of black metal and extremely influential to the extreme metal scene as a whole, formed in Newcastle in 1979", "5726847f708984140094c8af": " Venom, reckoned by many to be the originators of black metal and extremely influential to the extreme metal scene as a whole, formed in Newcastle in 1979", "57268525dd62a815002e8806": " November 2006 and May 2008", "57268525dd62a815002e8807": " November 2006 and May 2008", "57268525dd62a815002e8808": " November 2006 and May 2008", "57268525dd62a815002e8809": " November 2006 and May 2008", "57268525dd62a815002e880a": " November 2006 and May 2008", "57268692dd62a815002e8826": " Seven Stories a museum dedicated to children's books", "57268692dd62a815002e8827": " Seven Stories a museum dedicated to children's books", "57268692dd62a815002e8828": " Seven Stories a museum dedicated to children's books", "57268692dd62a815002e8829": " Seven Stories a museum dedicated to children's books", "57268692dd62a815002e882a": " Seven Stories a museum dedicated to children's books", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e2": "1939", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e3": " Get Carter was shot on location in and around Newcastle and offers an opportunity to see what Newcastle looked like in the 1960s and early 1970s", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e4": " Get Carter", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e5": " Get Carter", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e6": " Get Carter", "572687e1dd62a815002e8852": " 9 June annually since 1981", "572687e1dd62a815002e8853": " Sport Central complex at Northumbria University. The Eagles are the most successful team in the history of the British Basketball League", "572687e1dd62a815002e8854": " Gosforth Park. The city is also home to the Newcastle Eagles", "572687e1dd62a815002e8855": " horse racing course at Gosforth Park. The city is also home to the Newcastle Eagles", "572687e1dd62a815002e8856": "9.5 km) Blaydon Race (a road race from Newcastle to Blaydon), which has taken place on 9 June annually since 1981", "57268885dd62a815002e886a": " five million passengers per year, and is the tenth largest, and the fastest growing regional airport in the UK", "57268885dd62a815002e886b": " five million passengers per year, and is the tenth largest, and the fastest growing regional airport in the UK", "57268885dd62a815002e886c": " five million passengers per year, and is the tenth largest, and the fastest growing regional airport in the UK", "57268885dd62a815002e886d": " five million passengers per year, and is the tenth largest, and the fastest growing regional airport in the UK", "57268885dd62a815002e886e": " five million passengers per year, and is the tenth largest, and the fastest growing regional airport in the UK", "572689385951b619008f761b": " fa\u00e7ade, originally designed by the architect John Dobson", "572689385951b619008f761c": " 19th century public portico. The station is one of only six Grade One listed railway stations in the UK", "572689385951b619008f761d": " 19th century public portico. The station is one of only six Grade One listed railway stations in the UK", "572689385951b619008f761e": " 19th century public portico. The station is one of only six Grade One listed railway stations in the UK", "572689385951b619008f761f": " 19th century public portico. The station is one of only six Grade One listed railway stations in the UK", "572689b6dd62a815002e8890": " Durham, Darlington, York, Doncaster, Newark North Gate and Peterborough", "572689b6dd62a815002e8891": " Durham, Darlington, York, Doncaster, Newark North Gate and Peterborough", "572689b6dd62a815002e8892": " Durham, Darlington, York, Doncaster, Newark North Gate and Peterborough and north to Scotland", "572689b6dd62a815002e8893": " Durham, Darlington, York, Doncaster, Newark North Gate and Peterborough", "572689b6dd62a815002e8894": " Durham, Darlington, York, Doncaster, Newark North Gate and Peterborough and north to Scotland", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88ce": " 37 million passengers a year", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88cf": " 37 million passengers a year", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d0": " 37 million passengers a year", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d1": " 37 million passengers a year, extending as far as Newcastle Airport", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d2": " 37 million passengers a year", "57268bb25951b619008f7645": "Metro: All Change", "57268bb25951b619008f7646": "Metro: All Change.' The programme has replaced all ticket machines and introduced ticket gates", "57268bb25951b619008f7647": "Metro: All Change.' The programme has replaced all ticket machines", "57268bb25951b619008f7648": " ticket machines and introduced ticket gates at the busiest stations - part of the transition to smart ticketing", "57268bb25951b619008f7649": " ticket machines", "57268d1b708984140094c9cd": " A696, which becomes the A68 heads past Newcastle Airport and up through central Northumberland and central Scottish Borders", "57268d1b708984140094c9ce": " A696, which becomes the A68 heads past Newcastle Airport and up through central Northumberland and central Scottish Borders", "57268d1b708984140094c9cf": "68 heads past Newcastle Airport and up through central Northumberland and central Scottish Borders", "57268d1b708984140094c9d0": " A696, which becomes the A68 heads past Newcastle Airport and up through central Northumberland and central Scottish Borders", "57268d1b708984140094c9d1": " Cullercoats", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e6": " Eldon Square Bus Station, providing the majority of services south of the river in Gateshead, South Tyneside, Sunderland, and County Durham", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e7": " Eldon Square Bus Station, providing the majority of services south of the river in Gateshead, South Tyneside, Sunderland, and County Durham", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e8": " Eldon Square Bus Station, providing the majority of services south of the river in Gateshead, South Tyneside, Sunderland, and County Durham", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e9": " Eldon Square Bus Station, providing the majority of services south of the river in Gateshead, South Tyneside, Sunderland, and County Durham", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3ea": " Eldon Square Bus Station, providing the majority of services south of the river in Gateshead, South Tyneside, Sunderland, and County Durham", "57269120708984140094ca59": " social aims and objectives for cycling", "57269120708984140094ca5a": " contraflows on one way streets", "57269120708984140094ca5b": " parking facilities; working with employers to integrate cycling into workplace travel plans", "57269120708984140094ca5c": " parking facilities; working with employers to integrate cycling into workplace travel plans", "57269120708984140094ca5d": " parking facilities; working with employers to integrate cycling into workplace travel plans", "5726934f5951b619008f771d": " Gothenburg, Sweden, ceased at the end of October 2006", "5726934f5951b619008f771e": " Gothenburg, Sweden, ceased at the end of October 2006", "5726934f5951b619008f771f": " Gothenburg, Sweden, ceased at the end of October 2006", "5726934f5951b619008f7720": " Gothenburg, Sweden, ceased at the end of October 2006", "5726934f5951b619008f7721": " Gothenburg, Sweden, ceased at the end of October 2006", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4e": " sixth forms in Newcastle", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4f": " LEA-funded 11 to 18 schools and seven independent schools with sixth forms in Newcastle. There are a number of successful state schools", "57269526dd62a815002e8a50": " 11 to 18 schools and seven independent schools with sixth forms in Newcastle", "57269526dd62a815002e8a51": " LEA-funded 11 to 18 schools and seven independent schools", "57269526dd62a815002e8a52": " 11 to 18 schools", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6c": " 1 August 1963", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6d": " 1 August 1963", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6e": " 1 August 1963 to form the University of Newcastle upon Tyne", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6f": " 1 August 1963 to form the University of Newcastle upon Tyne", "57269698dd62a815002e8a70": " 1 August 1963 to form the University of Newcastle upon Tyne", "572699b55951b619008f778f": " cathedrals began their lives as parish churches. St Mary's became a cathedral in 1850 and St Nicholas' in 1882", "572699b55951b619008f7790": " 1474", "572699b55951b619008f7791": " cathedrals began their lives as parish churches. St Mary's became a cathedral in 1850 and St Nicholas' in 1882", "572699b55951b619008f7792": " 1474, the Roman Catholic St. Mary's designed by Augustus Welby", "572699b55951b619008f7793": " cathedrals began their lives as parish churches. St Mary's became a cathedral in 1850 and St Nicholas' in 1882", "57269b165951b619008f77b3": " Saxon times", "57269b165951b619008f77b4": " Saxon times", "57269b165951b619008f77b5": " Saxon times", "57269b165951b619008f77b6": " Saxon times", "57269b165951b619008f77b7": " Saxon times", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ca": " January 1959", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cb": " January 1959. In 2005 it moved to a new facility on The Watermark business park next to the MetroCentre in Gateshead", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cc": " MetroCentre in Gateshead. The entrance to studio 5 at the City Road complex gave its name to the 1980s music television programme, The Tube", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cd": " Tyne Tees was based at City Road for over 40 years after its launch in January 1959", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ce": " Tyne Tees", "57269d745951b619008f77d7": "NE1fm launched on 8 June 2007", "57269d745951b619008f77d8": "NE1fm launched on 8 June 2007", "57269d745951b619008f77d9": "NE1fm launched on 8 June 2007", "57269d745951b619008f77da": "NE1fm launched on 8 June 2007", "57269d745951b619008f77db": "NE1fm launched on 8 June 2007", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e520": " 1770. Basil Hume, Archbishop of Westminster, was born in the city in 1923", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e521": " 1770. Basil Hume, Archbishop of Westminster, was born in the city in 1923", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e522": " 1709 and died there in 1770. Basil Hume, Archbishop of Westminster, was born in the city in 1923", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e523": " Basil Hume, Archbishop of Westminster, was born in the city in 1923", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e524": "Charles Avison, the leading British composer of concertos in the 18th century, was born in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1709", "57269fab5951b619008f7807": " Hunnam and James Scott, entertainers Ant and Dec and international footballers Michael Carrick and Alan Shearer", "57269fab5951b619008f7808": " Hunnam and James Scott, entertainers Ant and Dec and international footballers Michael Carrick and Alan Shearer", "57269fab5951b619008f7809": " Hunnam and James Scott, entertainers Ant and Dec and international footballers Michael Carrick and Alan Shearer", "57269fab5951b619008f780a": " Hunnam and James Scott, entertainers Ant and Dec and international footballers Michael Carrick and Alan Shearer", "57269fab5951b619008f780b": "Musicians Eric Burdon, Sting, Mark Knopfler, Alan Hull, Cheryl Cole and Neil Tennant", "5726710b708984140094c61d": " 1852 and named after Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. The V&A is located in the Brompton district of the Royal Borough of Kensington", "5726710b708984140094c61e": " 1852 and named after Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. The V&A is located in the Brompton district of the Royal Borough of Kensington", "5726710b708984140094c61f": " 1852 and named after Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. The V&A is located in the Brompton district of the Royal Borough of Kensington", "5726710b708984140094c620": " Victoria and Albert Museum (often abbreviated as the V&A), London, is the world's largest museum of decorative arts and design", "572680ac708984140094c83d": " 1852 and named after Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. The V&A is located in the Brompton district of the Royal Borough of Kensington", "572680ac708984140094c83e": " over 4.5 million objects. It was founded in 1852", "572680ac708984140094c83f": " 1852", "572680ac708984140094c840": " 1852 and named after Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. The V&A is located in the Brompton district of the Royal Borough of Kensington", "572680ac708984140094c841": " over 4.5 million objects. It was founded in 1852", "57268294708984140094c877": " 5,000 years of art, from ancient times to the present day, from the cultures of Europe, North America, Asia and North Africa", "57268294708984140094c878": " 5,000 years of art, from ancient times to the present day, from the cultures of Europe, North America, Asia and North Africa", "57268294708984140094c879": " 5,000 years of art, from ancient times to the present day, from the cultures of Europe, North America, Asia and North Africa", "57268294708984140094c87a": " 145 galleries. Its collection spans 5,000 years of art, from ancient times to the present day, from the cultures of Europe", "57268294708984140094c87b": " 5,000 years of art, from ancient times to the present day, from the cultures of Europe, North America, Asia and North Africa", "572685cd5951b619008f7573": " 1851", "572685cd5951b619008f7574": " Somerset House", "572685cd5951b619008f7575": " Somerset House", "572685cd5951b619008f7576": " Somerset House", "572685cd5951b619008f7577": " Henry Cole, the museum's first director, was involved in planning; initially it was known as the Museum of Manufactures", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e378": " 22 June 1857", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e379": " 22 June 1857", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37a": " 22 June 1857", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37b": " 22 June 1857", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37c": " 22 June 1857", "57268f2c708984140094ca25": " September and November 1946, attracting nearly a million and a half visitors. This was organised by the Council of Industrial Design established by the British government in 1944", "57268f2c708984140094ca26": " September and November 1946, attracting nearly a million and a half visitors. This was organised by the Council of Industrial Design established by the British government in 1944", "57268f2c708984140094ca27": " September and November 1946, attracting nearly a million and a half visitors. This was organised by the Council of Industrial Design established by the British government in 1944", "57268f2c708984140094ca28": " a half visitors. This was organised by the Council of Industrial Design established by the British government in 1944", "57268f2c708984140094ca29": " September and November 1946, attracting nearly a million and a half visitors. This was organised by the Council of Industrial Design established by the British government in 1944", "572691d7708984140094ca6d": " concert", "572691d7708984140094ca6e": " concert", "572691d7708984140094ca6f": " 500 years later. This innovative approach to bringing young people to museums was a hallmark of the directorship", "572691d7708984140094ca70": " Gryphon, who explored the lineage of mediaeval music", "57269656708984140094cafd": " \u00a343 million gallery in Dundee that would use the V&A brand", "57269656708984140094cafe": " \u00a343 million gallery in Dundee that would use the V&A brand", "57269656708984140094caff": " \u00a343 million gallery in Dundee that would use the V&A brand", "57269656708984140094cb00": " \u00a343 million gallery in Dundee that would use the V&A brand", "57269656708984140094cb01": " \u00a343 million gallery in Dundee that would use the V&A brand", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a98": " 1857", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a99": " 1857", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9a": " 1858-9", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9b": " 1857", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9c": " 1857", "57269c06708984140094cba1": " 1878", "57269c06708984140094cba2": "coes by Lord Leighton: Industrial Arts as Applied to War 1878", "57269c06708984140094cba3": "coes by Lord Leighton: Industrial Arts as Applied to War 1878\u20131880", "57269c06708984140094cba4": "coes by Lord Leighton: Industrial Arts as Applied to War 1878\u20131880", "57269c06708984140094cba5": " 1878\u20131880", "57269d68708984140094cbd7": " 1866\u201368", "57269d68708984140094cbd8": " frieze around the decorated ceiling and stained-glass windows by Edward Burne-Jones", "57269d68708984140094cbd9": " Green Dining Room 1866\u201368", "57269d68708984140094cbda": " sculpted by Alfred Stevens and was removed from Dorchester House prior to that building's demolition in 1929", "57269d68708984140094cbdb": " Green Dining Room 1866\u201368", "5726a0205951b619008f781b": " five-storey School for Naval Architects (also known as the science schools), now the Henry Cole Wing in 1867\u201372", "5726a0205951b619008f781c": " five-storey School for Naval Architects (also known as the science schools), now the Henry Cole Wing in 1867", "5726a0205951b619008f781d": " five-storey School for Naval Architects (also known as the science schools), now the Henry Cole Wing in 1867", "5726a0205951b619008f781e": " five-storey School for Naval Architects (also known as the science schools), now the Henry Cole Wing in 1867\u201372", "5726a0205951b619008f781f": " five-storey School for Naval Architects (also known as the science schools), now the Henry Cole Wing in 1867", "5726a2445951b619008f7861": " two Cast Courts 1870\u201373", "5726a2445951b619008f7862": " two Cast Courts 1870\u201373", "5726a2445951b619008f7863": " 1877\u201383", "5726a2445951b619008f7864": " 1877\u201383", "5726a2445951b619008f7865": " 1877\u201383", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5fe": "220 m) along Cromwell Gardens and was designed by Aston Webb after winning a competition in 1891", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5ff": "220 m) along Cromwell Gardens and was designed by Aston Webb after winning a competition in 1891", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e600": "220 m) along Cromwell Gardens and was designed by Aston Webb after winning a competition in 1891", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e601": "220 m) along Cromwell Gardens and was designed by Aston Webb after winning a competition in 1891", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e602": "220 m) along Cromwell Gardens and was designed by Aston Webb after winning a competition in 1891", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4b": " twin entrances, Queen Victoria above the frame around the arches and entrance, sculpted by Alfred Drury", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4c": " four levels", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4d": " fa\u00e7ades surround four levels", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4e": " fa\u00e7ades surround four levels", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4f": " arches and entrance, sculpted by Alfred Drury. These fa\u00e7ades surround four levels", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9e": " Art Library in 1966", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9f": " Art Library in 1966", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca0": " 1600\u20131800", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca1": " storage space for books in the Art Library in 1966", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca2": " storage space for books in the Art Library in 1966", "5726afeb708984140094cdd7": " iron work, the main glass galleries and the main silverware gallery which was further enhanced in 2002", "5726afeb708984140094cdd8": " ten columns having their ceramic decoration replaced and the elaborate painted designs restored on the ceiling", "5726afeb708984140094cdd9": " recreated. This included two of the ten columns having their ceramic decoration replaced and the elaborate painted designs restored on the ceiling", "5726afeb708984140094cdda": " ten columns having their ceramic decoration replaced and the elaborate painted designs restored on the ceiling", "5726afeb708984140094cddb": " recreated. This included two of the ten columns having their ceramic decoration replaced and the elaborate painted designs restored on the ceiling", "5726b12f5951b619008f7aaf": " Kim Wilkie and opened as the John Madejski Garden, on 5 July 2005", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab0": " Kim Wilkie and opened as the John Madejski Garden, on 5 July 2005", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab1": " Kim Wilkie and opened as the John Madejski Garden, on 5 July 2005", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab2": " Kim Wilkie and opened as the John Madejski Garden, on 5 July 2005", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab3": " Kim Wilkie and opened as the John Madejski Garden, on 5 July 2005", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e4": " Royal Institute of British Architects opened the first permanent gallery in the UK covering the history of architecture", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e5": "&A alongside Royal Institute of British Architects opened the first permanent gallery in the UK covering the history of architecture", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e7": " Royal Institute of British Architects opened the first permanent gallery in the UK covering the history of architecture", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e6": " Royal Institute of British Architects opened the first permanent gallery in the UK", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e8": " Royal Institute of British Architects opened the first permanent gallery in the UK", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b99": " 330 drawings by Andrea Palladio are the largest in the world, other Europeans well represented are Jacques Gentilhatre and Antonio Visentini", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9a": " over 330 drawings by Andrea Palladio are the largest in the world, other Europeans well represented are Jacques Gentilhatre and Antonio Visentini", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9b": " over 330 drawings by Andrea Palladio are the largest in the world, other Europeans well represented are Jacques Gentilhatre and Antonio Visentini", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9c": " over 330 drawings by Andrea Palladio are the largest in the world, other Europeans well represented are Jacques Gentilhatre and Antonio Visentini", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9d": " RIBA's holdings of over 330 drawings by Andrea Palladio are the largest in the world", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6a": " 1523", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6b": " 1523", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6c": " 1523", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6d": " 1523\u201335", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6e": " 1523", "5726bc505951b619008f7c79": " 19,000 items from the Islamic world, ranging from the early Islamic period (the 7th century) to the early 20th century", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7a": " 7th century) to the early 20th century. The Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art, opened in 2006", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7b": " 1731", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7c": " 19,000 items from the Islamic world, ranging from the early Islamic period (the 7th century) to the early 20th century", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7d": " 7th century) to the early 20th century. The Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c0": " 500 BC to the 19th century", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c1": " 500 BC to the 19th century", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c2": " 500 BC to the 19th century", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c4": " 19th century", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c3": " 19th century", "5726bf325951b619008f7cfd": " bronze head of the Buddha dated to c.750 AD", "5726bf325951b619008f7cfe": " 70,000 works of art from the countries of East Asia: China, Japan and Korea", "5726bf325951b619008f7cff": " bronze head of the Buddha dated to c.750 AD", "5726bf325951b619008f7d00": " bronze head of the Buddha dated to c.750 AD", "5726bf325951b619008f7d01": "750 AD", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd8": " steel sword blades (Katana), Inr\u014d, lacquerware including the Mazarin Chest dated c1640", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd9": " steel sword blades (Katana), Inr\u014d, lacquerware including the Mazarin Chest dated c1640", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fda": " steel sword blades (Katana), Inr\u014d, lacquerware including the Mazarin Chest dated c1640", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdb": " steel sword blades (Katana), Inr\u014d, lacquerware including the Mazarin Chest dated c1640", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdc": " steel sword blades (Katana), Inr\u014d, lacquerware including the Mazarin Chest dated c1640", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de7": " Tibetan art from the 14th to the 19th century", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de8": " Tibetan art from the 14th to the 19th century", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de9": " Tibetan art from the 14th to the 19th century", "5726c80c5951b619008f7dea": " Tibetan art from the 14th to the 19th century", "5726c80c5951b619008f7deb": " Tibetan art from the 14th to the 19th century", "5726c9a4708984140094d16f": " 1490 and 1505", "5726c9a4708984140094d170": " 1505", "5726c9a4708984140094d171": " 1505", "5726c9a4708984140094d172": " 1505", "5726c9a4708984140094d173": " 1505", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9086": " Beatrix Potter. Illuminated manuscripts in the library dating from the 12th to 16th centuries", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9087": " Pocket Book of Hours, Reims; Missal from the Royal Abbey of Saint Denis, Paris", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9088": " 12th to 16th centuries", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9089": " Beatrix Potter. Illuminated manuscripts in the library dating from the 12th to 16th centuries", "5726cc11dd62a815002e908a": " Beatrix Potter. Illuminated manuscripts in the library dating from the 12th to 16th centuries", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc4": " archival material at the National Art Library is using Encoded Archival Description", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc5": " Victoria and Albert Museum", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc6": " Victoria and Albert Museum", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc8": " Victoria and Albert Museum", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc7": " Archival Description", "5726cfa3708984140094d209": " watercolors, computer-generated art, photographs, posters, and woodcuts", "5726cfa3708984140094d20a": " watercolors, computer-generated art, photographs, posters, and woodcuts", "5726cfa3708984140094d20b": " Warhol and to create a factory to completely digitize the collection. The first step of the Factory Project was to take photographs utilizing digital cameras", "5726cfa3708984140094d20c": " watercolors, computer-generated art, photographs, posters, and woodcuts", "5726cfa3708984140094d20d": " watercolors, computer-generated art, photographs, posters, and woodcuts", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f69": " Patrons who have influenced taste are also represented by works of art from their collections, these include: Horace Walpole", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6a": "Not only the work of British artists and craftspeople is on display, but also work produced by European artists that was purchased or commissioned by British patrons", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6b": " porcelain, cloth and wallpaper", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6c": " Patrons who have influenced taste are also represented by works of art from their collections, these include: Horace Walpole", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6d": " Patrons who have influenced taste are also represented by works of art from their collections", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdb": " Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches had a major effect on art and design", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecda": " Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches had a major effect on art and design", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecde": " Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches had a major effect on art and design", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdc": " entrepreneurs such as Josiah Wedgwood, Matthew Boulton and Eleanor Coade", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdd": " Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches had a major effect on art and design", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed16": " Trajan's Column, cut in half in order to fit under the ceiling. The other includes reproductions of various works of Italian Renaissance sculpture and architecture", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed17": " Davids", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed18": " Trajan's Column", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed19": " Trajan's Column, cut in half in order to fit under the ceiling. The other includes reproductions of various works of Italian Renaissance sculpture and architecture", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed1a": " Trajan's Column", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e4": " 18th-century British porcelain is the largest and finest in the world", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e5": " 18th-century British porcelain is the largest and finest in the world", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e6": " 18th-century British porcelain is the largest and finest in the world", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e7": " Bequest made in 1909, which enriched the museum's stock of Chinese and Japanese ceramics", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e8": " 18th-century British porcelain is the largest and finest in the world", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd8": " Mintons & Royal Doulton are represented in the collection. There is an extensive collection of Delftware produced in both Britain and Holland", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd9": " Mintons & Royal Doulton are represented in the collection. There is an extensive collection of Delftware produced in both Britain and Holland", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edda": " potters, such as Josiah Wedgwood, William De Morgan and Bernard Leach", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddb": " potters, such as Josiah Wedgwood, William De Morgan and Bernard Leach", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddc": " potters, such as Josiah Wedgwood, William De Morgan and Bernard Leach", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ab": " over 6000 items from Africa, Britain, Europe, America and Asia. The earliest glassware on display comes from Ancient Egypt", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ac": " over 6000 items from Africa, Britain, Europe, America and Asia. The earliest glassware on display comes from Ancient Egypt", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ad": " over 6000 items from Africa, Britain, Europe, America and Asia. The earliest glassware on display comes from Ancient Egypt", "5726de7a5951b619008f80af": " over 6000 items from Africa, Britain, Europe, America and Asia. The earliest glassware on display comes from Ancient Egypt", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ae": " over 6000 items from Africa, Britain, Europe, America and Asia. The earliest glassware on display comes from Ancient Egypt", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee52": " silverware starting in the 12th century and continuing to the present. Some of the most outstanding stained glass, dated 1243", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee53": " 1243", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee54": " 1243", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee55": " 1243", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee56": " 1243", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c4": " master works, including works by: D\u00fcrer, Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione, Bernardo Buontalent", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c5": " master works, including works by: D\u00fcrer, Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione, Bernardo Buontalent", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c6": " master works, including works by: D\u00fcrer, Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione, Bernardo Buontalent", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c7": " master works, including works by: D\u00fcrer, Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione, Bernardo Buontalent", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c8": " master works, including works by: D\u00fcrer, Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione, Bernardo Buontalent", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed8": " Harrods", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed9": " Word and Image department", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eeda": " Harrods", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedb": " Harrods", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedc": " Harrods", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9438": " Westwood costumes", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9439": " Westwood costumes", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943a": " Westwood costumes", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943b": " Westwood costumes", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943c": " Westwood costumes", "5726e680dd62a815002e946e": " 1859 and 1865", "5726e680dd62a815002e946f": " 1859 and 1865", "5726e680dd62a815002e9470": "1780", "5726e680dd62a815002e9471": "1780", "5726e680dd62a815002e9472": "1780", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a4": " 1580 from Antwerp City Hall, attributed to Hans Vredeman", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a5": " 1580 from Antwerp", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a6": " 1580 from Antwerp City", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a7": " 1580 from Antwerp City Hall", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a8": " 1580 from Antwerp City Hall", "5726e9c65951b619008f8247": "harnais in 1806", "5726e9c65951b619008f8248": " over 6000 items is one of the finest and most comprehensive collections of jewellery in the world and includes works dating from Ancient Egypt", "5726e9c65951b619008f8249": " 1869", "5726e9c65951b619008f824a": " 1869", "5726e9c65951b619008f824b": " diamond dress ornaments made for Catherine the Great, bracelet clasps once belonging to Marie Antoinette", "5726ee28708984140094d656": " iron work gallery covers European wrought and cast iron from the mediaeval period to the early 20th century", "5726ee28708984140094d657": " silver gilt beaker dated 1496\u201397", "5726ee28708984140094d658": " silver gilt beaker dated 1496", "5726ee28708984140094d659": " silver gilt beaker dated 1496", "5726ee28708984140094d655": " iron work gallery covers European wrought and cast iron from the mediaeval period to the early 20th century", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959e": " 1527", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959f": " 1527", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a0": "ichenau Crozier. The Burghley Nef, a salt-cellar, French, dated 1527", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a1": "1180", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a2": " 1527", "5726f1ec708984140094d6aa": " over 5,100 names on the Parliamentary website led to Chris Smith asking Parliament about the future of the collection. The answer, from Bryan Davies", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ad": " over 5,100 names on the Parliamentary website led to Chris Smith asking Parliament about the future of the collection. The answer, from Bryan Davies", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ab": " over 5,100 names on the Parliamentary website led to Chris Smith asking Parliament about the future of the collection. The answer, from Bryan Davies", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ac": " over 5,100 names on the Parliamentary website led to Chris Smith asking Parliament about the future of the collection. The answer, from Bryan Davies", "5726f1ec708984140094d6a9": " over 5,100 names on the Parliamentary website led to Chris Smith asking Parliament about the future of the collection. The answer, from Bryan Davies", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bc": " 1522", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bd": " 1522", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0be": " 1522", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bf": " 1522", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0c0": " oil paintings", "5726f4a0708984140094d6e9": " Tate Britain", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ea": " Tate Britain", "5726f4a0708984140094d6eb": " Tate Britain", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ec": " Tate Britain", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ed": " Tate Britain", "5726f755708984140094d737": " 1758", "5726f755708984140094d738": " 1758", "5726f755708984140094d739": " Carlo Crivelli's Virgin and Child) that formed part of the Jones bequest of 1882", "5726f755708984140094d73a": " 1758", "5726f90b708984140094d75d": " 1876-7 images of Street Life", "5726f90b708984140094d75e": " 1876-7 images of Street Life in London", "5726f90b708984140094d75f": " 1876-7 images of Street Life in London", "5726f90b708984140094d760": " 1876-7 images of Street Life in London", "5726f90b708984140094d761": " 1876-7 images of Street Life in London", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96ce": " 400 AD to 1914. This covers among other periods Byzantine and Anglo Saxon ivory sculptures", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96cf": " 400 AD to 1914. This covers among other periods Byzantine and Anglo Saxon ivory sculptures", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d0": " fountains, as well as architectural decorations", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d1": " fountains, as well as architectural decorations", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9706": " National Galleries of Scotland", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9707": "1564", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9708": "1564", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9709": "1564", "5726fc63dd62a815002e970a": "1564", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9732": " 20 works in the museum collection, making it one of the largest collections of the sculptor's work outside France", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9733": " public subscription", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9734": " World War I, although the statue of St John the Baptist had been purchased in 1902", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9735": " public subscription", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9736": " 20 works in the museum collection, making it one of the largest collections of the sculptor's work outside France", "572700c8dd62a815002e976a": " Galleries", "572700c8dd62a815002e976b": " Galleries", "572700c8dd62a815002e976c": " Galleries", "572700c8dd62a815002e976d": "culptors both British and Europeans who were based in Britain", "572702a3dd62a815002e9790": " Tate Britain", "572702a3dd62a815002e9791": " Tate Britain", "572702a3dd62a815002e9792": " Tate Britain", "572702a3dd62a815002e9793": " Tate Britain", "572702a3dd62a815002e9794": " Tate Britain", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23c": " 53,000 examples, mainly western European though all populated continents are represented, dating from the 1st century AD", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23d": " 53,000 examples, mainly western European though all populated continents are represented, dating from the 1st century AD", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23e": " 53,000 examples, mainly western European though all populated continents are represented, dating from the 1st century AD", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23f": " 53,000 examples, mainly western European though all populated continents are represented, dating from the 1st century AD", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f240": " 53,000 examples, mainly western European though all populated continents are represented, dating from the 1st century AD", "57270541dd62a815002e97c8": " Cloth of St Gereon, the oldest known surviving European tapestry", "57270541dd62a815002e97c9": " Tapestries, very rare 15th-century tapestries, woven in the Netherlands", "57270541dd62a815002e97ca": "oth of St Gereon, the oldest known surviving European tapestry", "57270541dd62a815002e97cb": " four Devonshire Hunting Tapestries, very rare 15th-century tapestries, woven in the Netherlands", "57270541dd62a815002e97cc": "oth of St Gereon, the oldest known surviving European tapestry", "57270676dd62a815002e97f0": " 14th-century Sicilian Tristan Quilt", "57270676dd62a815002e97f1": " 1887), rugs and carpets", "57270676dd62a815002e97f2": " Sicilian Tristan Quilt", "57270676dd62a815002e97f3": " Sicilian Tristan Quilt", "57270676dd62a815002e97f4": " Sicilian Tristan Quilt, is also held by the collection. The collection has numerous examples of various types of textiles", "57270817708984140094d8c7": " March 2009", "57270817708984140094d8c8": " March 2009", "57270817708984140094d8c9": " March 2009", "57270817708984140094d8ca": " March 2009", "57270817708984140094d8cb": " March 2009", "57270ab9708984140094d8f7": " restore shape. Interventive treatment makes an object more stable, but also more attractive and comprehensible to the viewer", "57270ab9708984140094d8f8": " V&A and the V&A Museum of Childhood", "57270ab9708984140094d8f9": " V&A and the V&A Museum of Childhood", "57270ab9708984140094d8fa": " V&A Museum of Childhood", "57270ab9708984140094d8fb": " V&A and the V&A Museum of Childhood", "57267b755951b619008f7433": " Walt Disney Company", "57267b755951b619008f7434": " Walt Disney Company", "57267b755951b619008f7435": " commercial broadcast television network that is owned by the Disney\u2013ABC Television Group, a subsidiary of Disney Media Networks", "57267b755951b619008f7436": " commercial broadcast television network that is owned by the Disney\u2013ABC Television Group, a subsidiary of Disney Media Networks division of The Walt Disney Company", "57267b755951b619008f7437": " Walt Disney Company", "57267ca75951b619008f7469": " Walt Disney Company", "57267ca75951b619008f746a": " October 12, 1943 as a radio network, separated from and serving as the successor to the NBC Blue Network", "57267ca75951b619008f746b": " Walt Disney Company", "57267ca75951b619008f746c": " October 12, 1943 as a radio network, separated from and serving as the successor to the NBC Blue Network", "57267ca75951b619008f746d": " October 12, 1943 as a radio network, separated from and serving as the successor to the NBC Blue Network", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8740": " eight owned-and-operated and over 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States and its territories", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8741": " 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States and its territories. Most Canadians have access to at least one U.S.-based ABC affiliate", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8742": " eight owned-and-operated and over 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States and its territories", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8743": " eight owned-and-operated and over 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8744": " select radio stations", "5726808bdd62a815002e8776": " Radio Corporation", "5726808bdd62a815002e8777": " Radio Corporation", "5726808bdd62a815002e8778": " Radio Corporation", "5726808bdd62a815002e8779": " Radio Corporation", "5726808bdd62a815002e877a": " Radio Corporation", "572681ab708984140094c85d": " Mutual filed a complaint with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regarding its difficulties in establishing new stations, in a radio market that was already being saturated", "572681ab708984140094c85e": " Mutual filed a complaint with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regarding its difficulties in establishing new stations, in a radio market that was already being saturated", "572681ab708984140094c85f": " network radio programs in 1940", "572681ab708984140094c860": " Mutual filed a complaint with the Federal Communications Commission", "572681ab708984140094c861": " network radio programs in 1940", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fc": " January 8, 1942", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fd": " January 8, 1942", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fe": " January 8, 1942", "572684f5dd62a815002e87ff": " January 8, 1942", "572684f5dd62a815002e8800": " January 8, 1942", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29e": "CA stations by Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCC's approval. The Commission authorized the transaction on October 12, 1943", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29f": "CA stations by Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCC's approval. The Commission authorized the transaction on October 12, 1943", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a0": "CA stations by Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCC's approval. The Commission authorized the transaction on October 12, 1943", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a1": "CA stations by Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCC's approval. The Commission authorized the transaction on October 12, 1943", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a2": "CA stations by Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCC's approval. The Commission authorized the transaction on October 12, 1943", "57268739708984140094c8ed": " Magnetophon, ABC was able to provide its stars with greater freedom in terms of time, and also attract several big names, such as Bing Crosby", "57268739708984140094c8ee": " symphony performances conducted by Paul Whiteman, performances from the Metropolitan Opera, and jazz concerts aired as part of its broadcast of The Chamber Music", "57268739708984140094c8ef": " Magnetophon, ABC was able to provide its stars with greater freedom in terms of time, and also attract several big names, such as Bing Crosby", "57268739708984140094c8f0": " public service, it aired symphony performances conducted by Paul Whiteman", "57268739708984140094c8f1": " Magnetophon, ABC was able to provide its stars with greater freedom in terms of time, and also attract several big names, such as Bing Crosby", "57269260dd62a815002e89ea": " Eurosport for $155 million in June 2000", "57269260dd62a815002e89eb": " ESPN network in the 1990s, and policies enacted in the 2000s by Disney Media Networks", "57269260dd62a815002e89ec": " Eurosport for $155 million in June 2000). In contrast to Disney's other channels, ABC is broadcast in the United States", "57269260dd62a815002e89ed": " Eurosport for $155 million in June 2000", "57269260dd62a815002e89ee": " Eurosport for $155 million in June 2000). In contrast to Disney's other channels, ABC is broadcast in the United States", "57269344f1498d1400e8e43e": " broadcasting properties. As a result, ABC was forced to sell all of its interests in international networks, mainly in Japan", "57269344f1498d1400e8e43f": " broadcasting properties. As a result, ABC was forced to sell all of its interests in international networks, mainly in Japan", "57269344f1498d1400e8e440": " broadcasting properties. As a result, ABC was forced to sell all of its interests in international networks, mainly in Japan", "57269344f1498d1400e8e441": " broadcasting properties. As a result, ABC was forced to sell all of its interests in international networks, mainly in Japan", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5c": " June 1953", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5d": " Queen Elizabeth II in June 1953", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5e": " Queen Elizabeth II in June 1953", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5f": " June 1953", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb60": " June 1953", "5726e5ac708984140094d51b": " Peanuts television specials, having acquired the broadcast rights from CBS, which originated the specials in 1965", "5726e5ac708984140094d51c": " Peanuts television specials, having acquired the broadcast rights from CBS, which originated the specials in 1965", "5726e5ac708984140094d51d": " Peanuts television specials, having acquired the broadcast rights from CBS, which originated the specials in 1965", "5726e5ac708984140094d51e": " Peanuts television specials, having acquired the broadcast rights from CBS, which originated the specials in 1965", "5726e5ac708984140094d51f": "ABC currently holds the broadcast rights to the Academy Awards", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef30": " Times Square was still featured within the coverage. ABC has also aired the Miss America pageant from 1954 to 1956", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef31": " Times Square was still featured within the coverage. ABC has also aired the Miss America pageant from 1954 to 1956", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef32": " Times Square was still featured within the coverage. ABC has also aired the Miss America pageant from 1954 to 1956", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef33": " Times Square was still featured within the coverage. ABC has also aired the Miss America pageant from 1954 to 1956", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef34": " Times Square was still featured within the coverage. ABC has also aired the Miss America pageant from 1954 to 1956", "5726e671dd62a815002e9464": " Good Morning America", "5726e671dd62a815002e9465": " news program Good Morning America", "5726e671dd62a815002e9466": " morning news program Good Morning America", "5726e671dd62a815002e9467": " Good Morning America", "5726e671dd62a815002e9468": " morning news program Good Morning America", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6e": " college football season, during prime time on Saturday nights as part of the Saturday Night Football package", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6c": " college football season, during prime time on Saturday nights as part of the Saturday Night Football package", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6b": " college football season, during prime time on Saturday nights as part of the Saturday Night Football package", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6a": " college football season, during prime time on Saturday nights as part of the Saturday Night Football package", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6d": " college football season, during prime time on Saturday nights as part of the Saturday Night Football package", "5726e860708984140094d579": " VHF channel 7", "5726e860708984140094d57a": " VHF channel 7", "5726e860708984140094d57b": " five applications for television station licenses", "5726e860708984140094d57c": " VHF channel 7", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa0": " DuMont Television Network", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa1": " DuMont Television Network", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa2": " DuMont Television Network", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa3": " DuMont Television Network", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950a": " Noble held a 58% ownership stake in ABC", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950b": " Noble held a 58% ownership stake in ABC", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950c": " Noble held a 58% ownership stake in ABC", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950d": " Noble held a 58% ownership stake in ABC, giving him $5 million with which to prevent ABC from going bankrupt", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950e": " five owned-and-operated stations and nine full-time affiliates", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff2": " Noble in 1951 on a proposal for UPT to purchase ABC. Noble received other offers, including one from CBS founder William S. Paley", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff3": " Noble in 1951 on a proposal for UPT to purchase ABC. Noble received other offers, including one from CBS founder William S. Paley", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff4": " Goldenson and Noble reached a tentative agreement in the late spring of 1951", "5726ed12708984140094d645": " $25 million in shares. The merged company, renamed American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres, Inc", "5726ed12708984140094d646": " $25 million in shares. The merged company, renamed American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres, Inc", "5726ed12708984140094d647": " $25 million in shares. The merged company, renamed American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres, Inc", "5726ed12708984140094d648": " $25 million in shares. The merged company, renamed American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres, Inc.", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f024": " August 10, 1948", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f025": " August 10, 1948", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f026": " August 10, 1948", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f027": " August 10, 1948", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c6": " September 30, 1960, ABC premiered The Flintstones", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c7": " September 30, 1960, ABC premiered The Flintstones", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c8": " September 30, 1960, ABC premiered The Flintstones", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c9": " September 30, 1960, ABC premiered The Flintstones", "5726f0865951b619008f82e5": " $7.5 million and initiated discussions to renew ABC's television contract for Walt Disney Presents, which was due to expire in 1961", "5726f0865951b619008f82e6": " $7.5 million and initiated discussions to renew ABC's television contract for Walt Disney Presents, which was due to expire in 1961", "5726f0865951b619008f82e7": " $7.5 million and initiated discussions to renew ABC's television contract for Walt Disney Presents, which was due to expire in 1961", "5726f0865951b619008f82e8": " $7.5 million and initiated discussions to renew ABC's television contract for Walt Disney Presents, which was due to expire in 1961", "572734af708984140094dae3": " 2001\u201302 identity, which continued using the black-and-yellow coloring of the logo", "572734af708984140094dae4": " Troika Design Group to design and produce its 2001\u201302 identity, which continued using the black-and-yellow coloring of the logo", "572734af708984140094dae5": " 2001\u201302 identity, which continued using the black-and-yellow coloring of the logo", "572734af708984140094dae6": " 2001\u201302 identity, which continued using the black-and-yellow coloring of the logo", "572735a15951b619008f86bf": " Pittard Sullivan, featuring a small black-and-white \"ABC Circle\" logo", "572735a15951b619008f86c0": " Pittard Sullivan, featuring a small black-and-white \"ABC Circle\" logo", "572735a15951b619008f86c1": " Pittard Sullivan, featuring a small black-and-white \"ABC Circle\" logo", "572735a15951b619008f86c2": " Pittard Sullivan, featuring a small black-and-white \"ABC Circle\" logo", "572736625951b619008f86d1": " Ten years later, in 1993, the \"ABC Circle\" logo reverted to its classic white-on-black color scheme, but with gloss effects", "572736625951b619008f86d2": " Ten years later, in 1993, the \"ABC Circle\" logo reverted to its classic white-on-black color scheme, but with gloss effects", "572736625951b619008f86d3": " Ten years later, in 1993, the \"ABC Circle\" logo reverted to its classic white-on-black color scheme, but with gloss effects", "572736625951b619008f86d4": " Ten years later, in 1993, the \"ABC Circle\" logo reverted to its classic white-on-black color scheme, but with gloss effects", "572736fc5951b619008f86d9": " gold letters, and as such, was the first ABC identification card to have a three-dimensional appearance", "572736fc5951b619008f86da": " gold letters, and as such, was the first ABC identification card to have a three-dimensional appearance", "572736fc5951b619008f86db": " gold letters, and as such, was the first ABC identification card to have a three-dimensional appearance", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4be": " Bauhaus typeface designed by Herbert Bayer in the 1920s", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4bf": " Bauhaus typeface designed by Herbert Bayer in the 1920s", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c0": " Herbert Bayer in the 1920s", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c1": " Bauhaus typeface designed by Herbert Bayer in the 1920s", "5727387b5951b619008f86e9": " October 19, 2005, ABC announced the restructuring of the group into six divisions: Entertainment Communications, Communications Resources, Kids Communications", "5727387b5951b619008f86ea": " Clear Channel Communications and Westwood One (which had earlier purchased NBC's radio division", "5727387b5951b619008f86eb": " October 19, 2005, ABC announced the restructuring of the group into six divisions: Entertainment Communications, Communications Resources, Kids Communications", "57273954708984140094db05": " April 21, 2004, Disney announced a restructuring of its Disney Media Networks division with Anne Sweeney being named president of ABC parent Disney\u2013ABC Television Group", "57273954708984140094db06": " April 21, 2004, Disney announced a restructuring of its Disney Media Networks division with Anne Sweeney being named president of ABC parent Disney\u2013ABC Television Group", "57273954708984140094db07": " April 21, 2004, Disney announced a restructuring of its Disney Media Networks division with Anne Sweeney being named president of ABC parent Disney\u2013ABC Television Group", "57273954708984140094db08": " April 21, 2004, Disney announced a restructuring of its Disney Media Networks division with Anne Sweeney being named president of ABC parent Disney\u2013ABC Television Group", "57273a0d708984140094db0d": " Soapnet and ABC prime time with ABC Family. 2002 saw the debut of the network's first hit reality series, The Bachelor", "57273a0d708984140094db0e": " Soapnet and ABC prime time with ABC Family. 2002 saw the debut of the network's first hit reality series, The Bachelor", "57273a0d708984140094db0f": " Soapnet and ABC prime time with ABC Family. 2002 saw the debut of the network's first hit reality series, The Bachelor", "57273a0d708984140094db10": " Soapnet and ABC prime time with ABC Family. 2002 saw the debut of the network's first hit reality series, The Bachelor", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4da": " December 31, 1999", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4db": " December 31, 1999", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dc": " December 31, 1999", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dd": " December 31, 1999", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d6": " 20/20, Friday nights remained a weak spot for ABC for the next 11 years", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d7": " 20/20, Friday nights remained a weak spot for ABC for the next 11 years", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d8": " 20/20, Friday nights remained a weak spot for ABC for the next 11 years", "57273c195951b619008f8721": " January 18, 2000. At its peak, the program aired as much as six nights a week", "57273c195951b619008f8722": " January 18, 2000. At its peak, the program aired as much as six nights a week", "57273c195951b619008f8723": " January 18, 2000. At its peak, the program aired as much as six nights a week", "57273c195951b619008f8724": " January 18, 2000. At its peak, the program aired as much as six nights a week", "57273d19708984140094db3d": " $19 billion. Disney shareholders approved the merger at a special conference in New York City on January 4, 1996", "57273d19708984140094db3e": " $19 billion. Disney shareholders approved the merger at a special conference in New York City on January 4, 1996", "57273d19708984140094db3f": " $19 billion. Disney shareholders approved the merger at a special conference in New York City on January 4, 1996", "57273d19708984140094db40": " $19 billion. Disney shareholders approved the merger at a special conference in New York City on January 4, 1996", "57273d19708984140094db41": " $19 billion. Disney shareholders approved the merger at a special conference in New York City on January 4, 1996", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f508": " three broadcast television networks", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f509": " broadcast television networks", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f50a": " broadcast television networks", "57273ef15951b619008f8751": "AM)) until 1946", "57273ef15951b619008f8752": " 66th Street, one block away from Central Park. The WABC call letters were previously used by the flagship station of CBS Radio (now WCBS", "57273ef15951b619008f8753": " 66th Street, one block away from Central Park. The WABC call letters were previously used by the flagship station of CBS Radio (now WCBS", "57273f9d708984140094db51": " Goldenson added to the confusion when, in October 1954, he proposed a merger between UPT and the DuMont Television Network", "57273f9d708984140094db52": " Goldenson added to the confusion when, in October 1954, he proposed a merger between UPT and the DuMont Television Network", "57273f9d708984140094db53": " Goldenson added to the confusion when, in October 1954, he proposed a merger between UPT and the DuMont Television Network", "57273f9d708984140094db54": " five years", "5727403af1498d1400e8f526": " 13 seasons, running from 1952 to 1965) held the record for the longest-running prime time comedy in U.S. television history", "5727403af1498d1400e8f527": " 13 seasons, running from 1952 to 1965) held the record for the longest-running prime time comedy in U.S. television history", "5727403af1498d1400e8f528": " 13 seasons, running from 1952 to 1965) held the record for the longest-running prime time comedy in U.S. television history", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1c": " 1942 films Kings Row and Casablanca", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1d": " 1942 films Kings Row and Casablanca", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1e": " 1942 films Kings Row and Casablanca", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1f": " 1942 films Kings Row and Casablanca", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53e": " Goldenson at the end of 1953 for ABC to agree to finance part of the Disneyland project", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53f": " October 27, 1954", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f540": " October 27, 1954", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f541": " October 27, 1954", "572742daf1498d1400e8f550": " WCFL in Chicago", "572742daf1498d1400e8f551": " WCFL in Chicago", "572742daf1498d1400e8f552": " WCFL in Chicago", "572742daf1498d1400e8f553": " WCFL in Chicago", "5727436af1498d1400e8f558": " $400,000\u2013$450,000. Hits for the television network during the late 1960s", "5727436af1498d1400e8f559": " $400,000\u2013$450,000. Hits for the television network during the late 1960s and early 1970s", "5727436af1498d1400e8f55a": " $400,000\u2013$450,000. Hits for the television network during the late 1960s", "5727436af1498d1400e8f55b": " $400,000\u2013$450,000. Hits for the television network during the late 1960s and early 1970s", "572743fb708984140094db93": " a turning point for ABC, as it began to pass CBS and NBC", "572743fb708984140094db94": " a turning point for ABC, as it began to pass CBS and NBC", "572743fb708984140094db95": " color; the decade as a whole would mark a turning point for ABC, as it began to pass CBS and NBC", "5727448b5951b619008f87a1": " 2006, when Sunday Night Football, which moved to NBC that year as part of a broadcast deal that in turn saw MNF move to ESPN", "5727448b5951b619008f87a2": " 1970 also saw the premieres of several soap operas including the long-running All My Children, which ran on the network for 41 years", "5727448b5951b619008f87a3": " 1970 also saw the premieres of several soap operas including the long-running All My Children, which ran on the network for 41 years", "5727448b5951b619008f87a4": " 2006, when Sunday Night Football, which moved to NBC that year as part of a broadcast deal that in turn saw MNF move to ESPN", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4e": " $10 million", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4f": " $10 million", "57274633dd62a815002e9a50": " $10 million", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a66": " January 2, 1971", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a67": " January 2, 1971", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a68": " January 2, 1971", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a69": " January 2, 1971", "572747dd5951b619008f87a9": " youth-oriented programming. He was responsible for reacquiring the rights to the Looney Tunes-Merrie Melodies library", "572747dd5951b619008f87aa": " youth-oriented programming. He was responsible for reacquiring the rights to the Looney Tunes-Merrie Melodies library", "572747dd5951b619008f87ab": " youth-oriented programming. He was responsible for reacquiring the rights to the Looney Tunes-Merrie Melodies library", "572747dd5951b619008f87ac": " youth-oriented programming. He was responsible for reacquiring the rights to the Looney Tunes-Merrie Melodies library", "572748745951b619008f87b1": " WCVB-TV premiered morning show Good Day!. First premiering in 1973", "572748745951b619008f87b2": " WCVB-TV premiered morning show Good Day!. First premiering in 1973", "572748745951b619008f87b3": " WCVB-TV premiered morning show Good Day!. First premiering in 1973", "572748745951b619008f87b4": " WCVB-TV premiered morning show Good Day!. First premiering in 1973", "5727492f708984140094dbb5": " a trend among the major networks during the 1970s", "5727492f708984140094dbb6": " Silverman, who left ABC in 1978", "5727492f708984140094dbb7": " Silverman, who left ABC in 1978", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a90": " April 20, 1981", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a91": " nine seasons. Roots went on to become one of the highest-rated programs in American television history", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a92": " April 20, 1981", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a93": " April 20, 1981", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a94": " April 20, 1981", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b4": " Roone Arledge was named president of the new ABC News in addition to being president of ABC Sports", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b5": " a former parking lot, located at 30 West 67th Street, was transformed into an impressive 15-story building. Both buildings were completed in June 1979", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b6": " 66th Street; the facility that was built in its place is nicknamed \"7 Lincoln Square\"", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b7": " a former parking lot, located at 30 West 67th Street, was transformed into an impressive 15-story building. Both buildings were completed in June 1979", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dc": " $20 million; the label was discontinued by March 5 of that year", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dd": " $20 million", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5de": " $20 million", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5df": " $20 million", "57274cac708984140094dbdd": " August 29, 1994, ABC purchased Flint, Michigan affiliate WJRT-TV", "57274cac708984140094dbde": " August 29, 1994, ABC purchased Flint, Michigan affiliate WJRT-TV", "57274cac708984140094dbdf": " August 29, 1994, ABC purchased Flint, Michigan affiliate WJRT-TV", "57274cac708984140094dbe0": " August 29, 1994, ABC purchased Flint, Michigan affiliate WJRT-TV", "57274d905951b619008f87e1": " Duel, which premiered in December 2007", "57274d905951b619008f87e2": " network programs for much of the 2007\u201308 season affected the network in 2007\u201308", "57274d905951b619008f87e3": " Duel, which premiered in December 2007", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f1": " April 2, 2009, Citadel Communications announced that it would rebrand ABC Radio", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f2": " April 2, 2009, Citadel Communications announced that it would rebrand ABC Radio", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f3": " April 2, 2009, Citadel Communications announced that it would rebrand ABC Radio", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f4": " April 2, 2009, Citadel Communications announced that it would rebrand ABC Radio", "57274f07708984140094dbed": " two former hit shows now out of the picture, the network's remaining top veteran shows Desperate Housewives", "57274f07708984140094dbee": " in 2004. Ratings for the once-instant hit Ugly Betty collapsed dramatically after it was moved to Fridays", "57274f07708984140094dbef": " Fridays", "57274f07708984140094dbf0": " Fridays at the start of its fourth season in the fall of 2009", "5727504b5951b619008f881d": " Paramount Television acquired it in 1999, and has most recently been absorbed into CBS Television Distribution, a unit of CBS Corporation", "5727504b5951b619008f881e": " Turner Broadcasting System in 1990", "5727504b5951b619008f881f": " Paramount Television acquired it in 1999, and has most recently been absorbed into CBS Television Distribution, a unit of CBS Corporation", "5727504b5951b619008f8820": " Paramount Television acquired it in 1999, and has most recently been absorbed into CBS Television Distribution, a unit of CBS Corporation", "57275273dd62a815002e9b16": " Selznick library, the Cinerama Productions/Palomar theatrical library and the Selmur Productions catalog", "57275273dd62a815002e9b17": " Funniest Home Videos, General Hospital, and ABC News productions), although Disney\u2013ABC Domestic Television", "57275273dd62a815002e9b18": " Funniest Home Videos, General Hospital, and ABC News productions), although Disney\u2013ABC Domestic Television", "57275273dd62a815002e9b19": " Funniest Home Videos", "57275339dd62a815002e9b28": " WPVI-TV", "57275339dd62a815002e9b29": " 96.26% of all households", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2a": " 96.26% of all households", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2b": " 96.26% of all households", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b44": " Federal Communications Commission", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b45": " Federal Communications Commission", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b46": " bald eagle. In 1957, just before the television network began its first color broadcasts", "57275573708984140094dc45": " January 2012", "57275573708984140094dc46": " January 2012", "57275573708984140094dc47": " 4:3 standard definition. All of the network's programming has been presented in HD since January 2012", "57275573708984140094dc48": " January 2012", "57275650708984140094dc5f": " Hearst Television's 16 ABC-affiliated stations transmit the network's programming in 1080i HD", "57275650708984140094dc60": " 16 ABC-affiliated stations transmit the network's programming in 1080i HD", "57275650708984140094dc61": " Hearst Television's 16 ABC-affiliated stations transmit the network's programming in 1080i HD", "57275650708984140094dc62": " Hearst Television's 16 ABC-affiliated stations transmit the network's programming in 1080i HD", "57275743f1498d1400e8f680": " comedies to support the previous year", "57275743f1498d1400e8f681": " comedies to support the previous year", "57275743f1498d1400e8f682": " comedies to support the previous year", "57275743f1498d1400e8f683": " comedies to support the previous year", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b6": " 2011\u201312 season saw ABC drop to fourth place in the 18\u201349 demographic", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b7": " 2011\u201312 season saw ABC drop to fourth place in the 18\u201349 demographic", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b8": " April 14, 2011", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b9": " 2011\u201312 season saw ABC drop to fourth place in the 18\u201349 demographic", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6ba": " April 14, 2011, ABC canceled the long-running soap operas All My Children and One Life to Live after 41 and 43 years on the air", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6ca": " a slight improvement for ABC with three new hits in The Goldbergs", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cb": ", which had lagged behind ABC for eight years, finished the season in first place in the 18\u201349 demographic", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cc": " The Goldbergs, Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cd": " slight improvement for ABC with three new hits in The Goldbergs, Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.", "57275a505951b619008f889f": " Castle as well as the success of two family sitcoms that anchored the network's revamped Wednesday comedy lineup, The Middle and Modern Family", "57275a505951b619008f88a0": " Castle as well as the success of two family sitcoms that anchored the network's revamped Wednesday comedy lineup, The Middle and Modern Family", "57275a505951b619008f88a1": " Sundays in the spring of 2010; the following season, it became the tentpole of the network's Friday night schedule", "57275a505951b619008f88a2": " Shark Tank", "57275bfb708984140094dc97": " NYPD Blue, a gritty police procedural from Steven Bochco", "57275bfb708984140094dc98": " NYPD Blue, a gritty police procedural from Steven Bochco", "57275bfb708984140094dc99": " NYPD Blue, a gritty police procedural from Steven Bochco", "57275bfb708984140094dc9a": " September 1994 saw the debut of NYPD Blue, a gritty police procedural from Steven Bochco", "57275bfb708984140094dc9b": " a gritty police procedural from Steven Bochco", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6da": " By that year, ABC had a total viewership share of 23.63% of American households", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6db": " 23.63% of American households", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dc": " O&O markets. By that year, ABC had a total viewership share of 23.63% of American households", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dd": " 23.63% of American households", "57275e125951b619008f88d7": " May 9, 1960, WLS launched a new lineup consisting of ABC Radio programming", "57275e125951b619008f88d8": " May 9, 1960, WLS launched a new lineup consisting of ABC Radio programming", "57275e125951b619008f88d9": " May 9, 1960, WLS launched a new lineup consisting of ABC Radio programming", "57275e125951b619008f88da": " May 9, 1960, WLS launched a new lineup consisting of ABC Radio programming", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f4": " April 29, 1961, ABC debuted Wide World of Sports", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f5": " April 29, 1961, ABC debuted Wide World of Sports", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f6": " April 29, 1961, ABC debuted Wide World of Sports", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f7": " April 29, 1961, ABC debuted Wide World of Sports", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f706": " Goldenson found a new headquarters for ABC in a 44 story building located at 1330 Avenue of the Americas", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f707": " Goldenson found a new headquarters for ABC in a 44 story building located at 1330 Avenue of the Americas", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f708": " Goldenson found a new headquarters for ABC in a 44 story building located at 1330 Avenue of the Americas", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f709": " 66th Street, Goldenson found a new headquarters for ABC in a 44 story building located at 1330 Avenue of the Americas", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd8": " Dynasty, an opulent drama from Aaron Spelling that became a hit when it premiered as a midseason series in 1981", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd9": " 90% of all prime-time television viewership", "57276166dd62a815002e9bda": " Dynasty, an opulent drama from Aaron Spelling", "57276166dd62a815002e9bdb": " Nickelodeon", "5727623a5951b619008f8921": " Hearst reached an agreement with RCA to merge ARTS and competing arts service, The Entertainment Channel", "5727623a5951b619008f8922": " Hearst reached an agreement with RCA to merge ARTS and competing arts service, The Entertainment Channel", "5727623a5951b619008f8923": " Hearst reached an agreement with RCA to merge ARTS and competing arts service, The Entertainment Channel", "5727623a5951b619008f8924": " Hearst reached an agreement with RCA to merge ARTS and competing arts service, The Entertainment Channel", "572763a8708984140094dcd9": " Daniel B. Burke", "572763a8708984140094dcda": " Daniel B. Burke", "572763a8708984140094dcdb": " $465 million. Now at a strong second place, the network entered the 1990s", "572763a8708984140094dcdc": " strong second place, the network entered the 1990s with additional family-friendly hits including America's Funniest Home Videos", "572763a8708984140094dcdd": " strong second place, the network entered the 1990s with additional family-friendly hits including America's Funniest Home Videos", "572764855951b619008f8951": " 11:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. weekdays", "572764855951b619008f8952": "Daytime programming is also provided from 11:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. weekdays", "572764855951b619008f8953": "Daytime programming is also provided from 11:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. weekdays", "572764855951b619008f8954": " 11:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. weekdays", "57276576dd62a815002e9c18": " WPVI-TV", "57276576dd62a815002e9c19": " WPVI-TV", "57276576dd62a815002e9c1a": " a co-owned/co-managed full-power television station", "57276576dd62a815002e9c1b": " WPVI-TV", "57276690708984140094dd01": " Touchstone Television beginning in 1985", "57276690708984140094dd02": " February 2007", "57276690708984140094dd03": " Touchstone Television beginning in 1985", "57276690708984140094dd04": " Touchstone Television beginning in 1985", "5727678e5951b619008f8973": "60 m) \u00d7 379 feet (116 m) plot at 121\u2013135 West End Avenue", "5727678e5951b619008f8974": "60 m) \u00d7 379 feet (116 m) plot at 121\u2013135 West End Avenue", "5727678e5951b619008f8975": "60 m) \u00d7 379 feet (116 m) plot at 121\u2013135 West End Avenue", "5727678e5951b619008f8976": "60 m) \u00d7 379 feet (116 m) plot at 121\u2013135 West End Avenue", "572768d9708984140094dd13": " Walt Disney Company is also a part-owner of Hulu", "572768d9708984140094dd14": " July 6, 2009", "572768d9708984140094dd15": " July 6, 2009", "572768d9708984140094dd16": " July 6, 2009", "572769e85951b619008f8985": " January 7, 2014", "572769e85951b619008f8986": " January 7, 2014", "572769e85951b619008f8987": " January 7, 2014", "572769e85951b619008f8988": " January 7, 2014 restrict streaming of the most recent episode of any ABC program on Hulu and WATCH ABC until eight days after their initial broadcast", "57276a8f5951b619008f8995": " May 14, 2013", "57276a8f5951b619008f8996": " May 14, 2013", "57276a8f5951b619008f8997": " May 14, 2013", "57276a8f5951b619008f8998": " May 14, 2013", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b2": " three full-time network affiliates", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b3": " three full-time network affiliates", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b4": " three full-time network affiliates", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b5": " three full-time network affiliates", "57276d7f708984140094dd3f": "TRF-TV in Wheeling, West Virginia", "57276d7f708984140094dd40": " ABC affiliate until the 1960s", "57276d7f708984140094dd41": "TRF-TV in Wheeling, West Virginia", "57276d7f708984140094dd42": "TRF-TV in Wheeling, West Virginia", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd0": " Walt Disney Presents as it became disassociated with the theme park of the same name", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd1": " a fifth of all primetime series on American television in January 1959", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd2": "ouchables in April 1959", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd3": " a fifth of all primetime series on American television in January 1959", "5727705f5951b619008f89f3": " Hanna-Barbera, The Jetsons, which debuted on September 23, 1962", "5727705f5951b619008f89f4": " $15.5 million", "5727705f5951b619008f89f5": " Hanna-Barbera, The Jetsons, which debuted on September 23, 1962", "5727705f5951b619008f89f6": " Hanna-Barbera, The Jetsons, which debuted on September 23, 1962", "5727705f5951b619008f89f7": " Hanna-Barbera, The Jetsons, which debuted on September 23, 1962", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f840": " ITT to ABC management; the two companies agreed to the deal on April 27, 1966. The FCC approved the merger on December 21, 1966", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f841": " Goldenson announced a merger proposal with ITT to ABC management; the two companies agreed to the deal on April 27, 1966", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f842": " Goldenson announced a merger proposal with ITT to ABC management; the two companies agreed to the deal on April 27, 1966", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f843": " December 7, 1965, Goldenson announced a merger proposal with ITT to ABC management; the two companies agreed to the deal on April 27, 1966", "57277373dd62a815002e9d24": " $3.5 billion", "57277373dd62a815002e9d25": " $3.5 billion", "57277373dd62a815002e9d26": " March 18, 1985", "57277373dd62a815002e9d27": " $3.5 billion", "57277373dd62a815002e9d28": " $3.5 billion", "572774cf5951b619008f8a51": " Frederick S. Pierce was named president of ABC's broadcasting division", "572774cf5951b619008f8a52": " January 3, 1986, the combined company \u2013 which became known as Capital Cities/ABC, Inc. \u2013 added four television stations", "572774cf5951b619008f8a53": " September 5, 1985", "572774cf5951b619008f8a54": " January 3, 1986, the combined company \u2013 which became known as Capital Cities/ABC, Inc. \u2013 added four television stations", "572774cf5951b619008f8a55": " Frederick S. Pierce was named president of ABC's broadcasting division", "57277585708984140094de2b": "verne & Shirley ended its run in 1983, Happy Days and Three's Company ended in 1984", "57277585708984140094de2c": "verne & Shirley ended its run in 1983, Happy Days and Three's Company ended in 1984", "57277585708984140094de2d": " four of ABC's marquee shows of the 1970s ended their runs during the mid-1980s: Laverne & Shirley ended its run in 1983", "57277585708984140094de2e": " four of ABC's marquee shows of the 1970s ended their runs during the mid-1980s: Laverne & Shirley ended its run in 1983", "57277585708984140094de2f": " 1984 on the success of series such as The Cosby Show, Cheers and Miami Vice", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c4": " 1989 debut of the \"TGIF\" block", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c5": " 1989 debut of the \"TGIF\" block", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c6": " comedies in the late 1980s, culminating in the 1989 debut of the \"TGIF\" block", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c7": " comedies in the late 1980s, culminating in the 1989 debut of the \"TGIF\" block", "572776e85951b619008f8a7f": " seven radio stations nationwide in order to purchase Houston radio stations KXYZ and KXYZ-FM", "572776e85951b619008f8a80": " seven radio stations nationwide in order to purchase Houston radio stations KXYZ and KXYZ-FM", "572776e85951b619008f8a81": " seven radio stations nationwide in order to purchase Houston radio stations KXYZ and KXYZ-FM", "572776e85951b619008f8a82": " seven radio stations nationwide in order to purchase Houston radio stations KXYZ and KXYZ-FM", "572776e85951b619008f8a83": " seven radio stations nationwide in order to purchase Houston radio stations KXYZ and KXYZ-FM", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9d": " 18%", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9e": " 18%", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9f": " 18%", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa0": " Bandstand had pulled very strong ratings in the Philadelphia market on WFIL-TV", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa1": " Bandstand had pulled very strong ratings in the Philadelphia market on WFIL-TV", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90a": " Life criticized the public enthusiasm and sponsorship for these types of shows at the expense of news programming", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90b": " Life criticized the public enthusiasm and sponsorship for these types of shows at the expense of news programming", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90c": " Life criticized the public enthusiasm and sponsorship for these types of shows at the expense of news programming", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90d": " Life criticized the public enthusiasm and sponsorship for these types of shows at the expense of news programming", "57277af2708984140094dec3": " June 2013), with the six remaining ABC O&Os offering streams by the start of the 2013\u201314 season", "57277af2708984140094dec4": " June 2013), with the six remaining ABC O&Os offering streams by the start of the 2013\u201314 season", "57277af2708984140094dec5": " June 2013), with the six remaining ABC O&Os offering streams by the start of the 2013\u201314 season", "57277af2708984140094dec6": " June 2013), with the six remaining ABC O&Os offering streams by the start of the 2013\u201314 season", "57277bfc708984140094ded9": " 28 ABC affiliates", "57277bfc708984140094deda": "ABM-DT2", "57277bfc708984140094dedb": " Scripps Company is the largest operator of ABC stations in terms of overall market reach", "57277bfc708984140094dedc": " 28 ABC affiliates", "57277bfc708984140094dedd": " 28 ABC affiliates and two additional subchannel-only affiliates; Sinclair owns the largest ABC subchannel affiliate by market size, WABM-DT2", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e76": " water and ribbon effects", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e77": " June 16, 2007, ABC began to phase in a new imaging campaign for the upcoming 2007\u201308 season", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e78": " June 16, 2007, ABC began to phase in a new imaging campaign for the upcoming 2007\u201308 season", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e79": " June 16, 2007, ABC began to phase in a new imaging campaign for the upcoming 2007\u201308 season", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea4": " WWSB) and Grand Rapids, Michigan (WZZM and WOTV), with an analogous situation arising in Kansas City, Missouri", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea5": "WFTS-TV", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea6": " WWSB) and Grand Rapids, Michigan (WZZM and WOTV), with an analogous situation arising in Kansas City, Missouri", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea7": " WWSB) and Grand Rapids, Michigan (WZZM and WOTV), with an analogous situation arising in Kansas City, Missouri", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f5": " civilian populations", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f6": " civilian populations", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f7": " civilian populations", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f8": " By the end of his life, the Mongol Empire occupied a substantial portion of Central Asia", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f9": " civilian populations", "5726a00d708984140094cc25": " local populations", "5726a00d708984140094cc26": " 1227", "5726a00d708984140094cc27": " local populations", "5726a00d708984140094cc28": " local populations", "5726a00d708984140094cc29": " 1227", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e578": " 1162 in Del\u00fc\u00fcn Boldog, near Burkhan Khaldun mountain and the Onon and Kherlen rivers", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e579": " 1162 in Del\u00fc\u00fcn Boldog, near Burkhan Khaldun mountain and the Onon and Kherlen rivers", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57a": " 1162 in Del\u00fc\u00fcn Boldog, near Burkhan Khaldun mountain and the Onon and Kherlen rivers", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57b": " Del\u00fc\u00fcn Boldog, near Burkhan Khaldun mountain and the Onon and Kherlen rivers in modern-day northern Mongolia", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbc": " 12", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbd": " 12", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbe": " 12", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbf": " 12", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bc0": " 12", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb7": " Hoelun and her children lived in poverty, surviving primarily on wild fruits and ox carcasses, marmots, and other small game", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb8": " Hoelun and her children lived in poverty, surviving primarily on wild fruits and ox carcasses, marmots, and other small game", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb9": " Hoelun and her children lived in poverty, surviving primarily on wild fruits and ox carcasses, marmots, and other small game", "5726a4a9708984140094ccba": " Hoelun and her children lived in poverty, surviving primarily on wild fruits and ox carcasses, marmots, and other small game", "5726a5f65951b619008f7903": " 1177, he was captured in a raid", "5726a5f65951b619008f7904": " 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud", "5726a5f65951b619008f7905": " 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud", "5726a5f65951b619008f7906": " 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud", "5726a5f65951b619008f7907": " 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud", "5726a784708984140094ccff": " thievery, raids, corruption, and continual acts of revenge carried out between the various confederations, all compounded by interference from foreign forces", "5726a784708984140094cd00": " thievery, raids, corruption, and continual acts of revenge carried out between the various confederations, all compounded by interference from foreign forces", "5726a784708984140094cd01": " thievery, raids, corruption, and continual acts of revenge carried out between the various confederations", "5726a784708984140094cd02": " Hoelun taught him many lessons about the unstable political climate of Mongolia", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c34": " a son, Jochi", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c35": " a son, Jochi", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c36": " a son, Jochi", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c37": " a son, Jochi", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c38": " a son, Jochi", "5726a9ed5951b619008f7969": "1190\u20131232). Genghis Khan also had many other children with his other wives, but they were excluded from the succession", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796a": "1187\u20141241), \u00d6gedei (1189\u20141241), and Tolui (1190\u20131232). Genghis Khan", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796b": "1187\u20141241), \u00d6gedei (1189\u20141241), and Tolui (1190\u20131232). Genghis Khan", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796c": "1190\u20131232). Genghis Khan also had many other children with his other wives, but they were excluded from the succession", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796d": "1187\u20141241), \u00d6gedei (1189\u20141241), and Tolui", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a2": " 1197", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a3": " 1197", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a4": " 1197", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a5": " 1197", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a6": " 1197", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ca": " 1186, Tem\u00fcjin was elected khan of the Mongols", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cb": " 1186, Tem\u00fcjin was elected khan of the Mongols", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cc": " 1186, Tem\u00fcjin was elected khan of the Mongols", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cd": " 1186, Tem\u00fcjin was elected khan of the Mongols", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ce": " 1186, Tem\u00fcjin was elected khan of the Mongols", "5726ae32708984140094cdab": " orphans from the conquered tribe, bringing them into his family. These political innovations inspired great loyalty among the conquered people", "5726ae32708984140094cdac": " orphans from the conquered tribe, bringing them into his family. These political innovations inspired great loyalty among the conquered people", "5726ae32708984140094cdad": " orphans from the conquered tribe, bringing them into his family. These political innovations inspired great loyalty among the conquered people", "5726ae32708984140094cdae": " orphans from the conquered tribe, bringing them into his family. These political innovations inspired great loyalty among the conquered people", "5726af765951b619008f7a51": " Keraite tribe", "5726af765951b619008f7a52": " Keraite tribe", "5726af765951b619008f7a53": " Keraite tribe", "5726af765951b619008f7a54": " Keraite tribe", "5726b0985951b619008f7a91": " khuruldai elected Jamukha as G\u00fcr Khan", "5726b0985951b619008f7a92": " khuruldai elected Jamukha as G\u00fcr Khan", "5726b0985951b619008f7a93": " khuruldai elected Jamukha as G\u00fcr Khan", "5726b0985951b619008f7a94": " Jamukha formed a coalition of tribes to oppose him", "5726b0985951b619008f7a95": " khuruldai elected Jamukha as G\u00fcr Khan", "5726b1d95951b619008f7acd": " noble death. The custom is to die without spilling blood", "5726b1d95951b619008f7ace": "oyal men in his army. Jamukha refused the offer of friendship and reunion, saying that there can only be one sun in the sky", "5726b1d95951b619008f7acf": " noble death. The custom is to die without spilling blood", "5726b1d95951b619008f7ad0": " noble death. The custom is to die without spilling blood, which is granted by breaking the back. Jamukha requested this form", "5726b879708984140094cf01": " spy network and Yam route systems", "5726b879708984140094cf02": " spy network and Yam route systems", "5726b879708984140094cf03": " spy network and Yam route systems", "5726b879708984140094cf04": " spy network and Yam route systems", "5726b879708984140094cf05": " spy network and Yam route systems", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf1": " a single political and military force under Genghis Khan", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf2": " a single political and military force under Genghis Khan", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf3": " a single political and military force under Genghis Khan", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf4": " a single political and military force under Genghis Khan", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf5": " a single political and military force under Genghis Khan", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3b": " Kaifeng fell to the Mongols under the reign of Genghis' third son, \u00d6gedei Khan", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3c": " Kaifeng fell to the Mongols under the reign of Genghis' third son, \u00d6gedei Khan", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3d": " Kaifeng fell to the Mongols under the reign of Genghis' third son, \u00d6gedei Khan", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3e": " Kaifeng fell to the Mongols under the reign of Genghis' third son, \u00d6gedei Khan", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3f": " Kaifeng fell to the Mongols under the reign of Genghis' third son, \u00d6gedei Khan", "5726bd655951b619008f7c9f": " usurped the khanate of Qara Khitai", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca0": " Tem\u00fcjin defeated and folded into his Mongol Empire, fled west and usurped the khanate of Qara Khitai", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca1": "20,000 soldiers) against Kuchlug", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca2": "20,000 soldiers) against Kuchlug", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca3": " Naiman confederation that Tem\u00fcjin defeated and folded into his Mongol Empire, fled west and usurped the khanate", "5726bf135951b619008f7ce9": " Lake Balkhash, which bordered the Khwarezmia (Khwarezmid Empire), a Muslim state that reached the Caspian Sea", "5726bf135951b619008f7cea": " Lake Balkhash, which bordered the Khwarezmia (Khwarezmid Empire), a Muslim state that reached the Caspian Sea", "5726bf135951b619008f7ceb": " Lake Balkhash, which bordered the Khwarezmia (Khwarezmid Empire), a Muslim state that reached the Caspian Sea", "5726bf135951b619008f7cec": " Lake Balkhash, which bordered the Khwarezmia (Khwarezmid Empire), a Muslim state that reached the Caspian Sea", "5726bf135951b619008f7ced": " Lake Balkhash, which bordered the Khwarezmia (Khwarezmid Empire), a Muslim state that reached the Caspian Sea", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f76": " 13th century, the Khwarazmian dynasty was governed by Shah Ala ad-Din Muhammad. Genghis Khan", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f77": " Mongolia", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f78": " Khwarazmian dynasty", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f79": " Silk Road, and he initially sent a 500-man caravan to establish official trade ties with the empire", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f7a": " Silk Road", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa6": " Tien Shan mountains by entering the area controlled by the Khwarezmian Empire", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa7": " Jochi led the first division into the northeast of Khwarezmia", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa8": " Jochi led the first division into the northeast of Khwarezmia", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa9": " Jochi led the first division into the northeast of Khwarezmia", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8faa": " Tien Shan mountains by entering the area controlled by the Khwarezmian Empire", "5726c3b3708984140094d0cf": " Khwarezmia", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d0": " Khwarezmia", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d1": " Khwarezmia", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d2": " Khwarezmia", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d3": " Khwarezmia", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f5": " Samarkand fell, the capital was moved to Bukhara", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f6": " two of his generals and their forces to completely destroy the remnants of the Khwarezmid Empire", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f7": " two of his generals and their forces to completely destroy the remnants of the Khwarezmid Empire", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae2": " a high official in the service of the Mongol empire", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae3": " a high official in the service of the Mongol empire", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae4": " Mongol empire", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddd": " Khwarezmi cities", "5726c7a85951b619008f7dde": " Khwarezmi cities", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddf": " Khwarezmi cities. The city leaders opened the gates to the Mongols", "5726c7a85951b619008f7de0": " Khwarezmi cities", "5726c7a85951b619008f7de1": " Khwarezmi cities", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9046": " Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9047": " The Mongols destroyed the kingdom of Georgia", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9048": " Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9049": " Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e904a": " The Mongols destroyed the kingdom of Georgia", "57272bcb5951b619008f8683": " The famous cavalry expedition led by Subutai and Jebe, in which they encircled the entire Caspian Sea", "57272bcb5951b619008f8684": " 1225 both divisions returned to Mongolia. These invasions added Transoxiana and Persia", "57272bcb5951b619008f8685": " 1225 both divisions returned to Mongolia. These invasions added Transoxiana", "57272bcb5951b619008f8686": " 1225 both divisions returned to Mongolia. These invasions added Transoxiana", "57272bcb5951b619008f8687": " 1225 both divisions returned to Mongolia. These invasions added Transoxiana", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43a": " 1226, immediately after returning from the west, Genghis Khan began a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43b": " 1226, immediately after returning from the west, Genghis Khan began a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43c": " Genghis laid siege to the Tangut city Lingzhou", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43d": " 1226, immediately after returning from the west, Genghis Khan began a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43e": " 1226, immediately after returning from the west, Genghis Khan began a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts", "57272dd55951b619008f8697": " 1227, Genghis Khan's army attacked and destroyed the Tangut capital of Ning Hia", "57272dd55951b619008f8698": " Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province", "57272dd55951b619008f8699": " Genghis Khan, after conquering Deshun, went to Liupanshan (Qingshui County, Gansu Province", "57272dd55951b619008f869a": " Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province", "57272dd55951b619008f869b": " Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44e": " The Secret History of the Mongols, just before the invasion of the Khwarezmid Empire by Genghis Khan", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44f": " The Secret History of the Mongols, just before the invasion of the Khwarezmid Empire by Genghis Khan", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f450": " The Secret History of the Mongols, just before the invasion of the Khwarezmid Empire by Genghis Khan", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f451": " The Secret History of the Mongols, just before the invasion of the Khwarezmid Empire by Genghis Khan", "57272ff2708984140094dabd": " Tolui, Genghis Khan", "57272ff2708984140094dabe": " Tolui, Genghis Khan", "57272ff2708984140094dabf": " Tolui, Genghis Khan", "57272ff2708984140094dac0": " Tolui, Genghis Khan", "5727311d5951b619008f86ab": " fief", "5727311d5951b619008f86ac": " fief", "5727311d5951b619008f86ad": " fief", "5727311d5951b619008f86ae": " fief", "5727311d5951b619008f86af": " fief", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46a": " war booty", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46b": " war booty", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46c": " war booty", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46d": " war booty", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46e": " war booty", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f474": " Khentii", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f475": " Khentii", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f476": " Khentii", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f477": " Khentii", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48c": "sen Khoroo) in Mongolia", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48d": " Edsen Khoroo) in Mongolia", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48e": " Edsen Khoroo) in Mongolia", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48f": " Edsen Khoroo) in Mongolia", "57273455f1498d1400e8f490": " Edsen Khoroo) in Mongolia", "57273581708984140094daeb": " October 6, 2004, a joint Japanese-Mongolian archaeological dig uncovered what is believed to be Genghis Khan's palace in rural Mongolia", "57273581708984140094daec": " October 6, 2004, a joint Japanese-Mongolian archaeological dig uncovered what is believed to be Genghis Khan's palace in rural Mongolia", "57273581708984140094daed": " October 6, 2004, a joint Japanese-Mongolian archaeological dig uncovered what is believed to be Genghis Khan's palace in rural Mongolia", "57273581708984140094daee": " a joint Japanese-Mongolian archaeological dig uncovered what is believed to be Genghis Khan's palace in rural Mongolia", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b5": " nomadic inhabitants considered themselves Mongols", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b4": " civilian and military code, called the Yassa, created by Genghis Khan", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b6": " military and civilian life, including Mongols, Turks and others and included many diverse Khans", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b7": " nomadic inhabitants considered themselves Mongols", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b8": " nomadic inhabitants considered themselves Mongols", "57273887dd62a815002e99a2": " a well established concept on the Asian steppe", "57273887dd62a815002e99a3": " a well established concept on the Asian steppe", "57273887dd62a815002e99a4": " a well established concept on the Asian steppe", "57273887dd62a815002e99a5": " a well established concept on the Asian steppe", "572739a75951b619008f86f7": " Pax Mongolica", "572739a75951b619008f86f8": " Pax Mongolica", "572739a75951b619008f86f9": " Pax Mongolica", "572739a75951b619008f86fa": " Pax Mongolica", "57273b1a5951b619008f8709": " Khans", "57273b1a5951b619008f870a": " Khans", "57273b1a5951b619008f870b": " Khans", "57273b1a5951b619008f870c": " Khans", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e2": " Mongol Empire capital Karakorum. Muqali, a trusted lieutenant, was given command of the Mongol forces against the Jin dynasty", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e3": " Jin dynasty", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e4": " Mongol Empire capital Karakorum. Muqali, a trusted lieutenant, was given command of the Mongol forces against the Jin dynasty", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e5": " Muqali, a trusted lieutenant, was given command of the Mongol forces against the Jin dynasty", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e6": " Muqali, a trusted lieutenant, was given command of the Mongol forces against the Jin dynasty", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f6": " siege engines and engineers to aid the Mongol cavalry", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f7": " siege engines and engineers to aid the Mongol cavalry", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f8": " Chinese siege engines and engineers to aid the Mongol cavalry", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f9": " Chinese siege engines and engineers to aid the Mongol cavalry", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fa": " 1227", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fb": " 1227", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fc": " 1227", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fd": " 1227", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51e": " Silk Road under one cohesive political environment. This allowed increased communication and trade between the West, Middle East and Asia", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51f": " Silk Road under one cohesive political environment. This allowed increased communication and trade between the West, Middle East and Asia", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f520": " Silk Road under one cohesive political environment. This allowed increased communication and trade between the West, Middle East and Asia", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f521": " Silk Road under one cohesive political environment. This allowed increased communication and trade between the West, Middle East and Asia", "5727404b708984140094db59": " Mongolians for his role in uniting warring tribes", "5727404b708984140094db5a": " warring tribes. For example, it is not uncommon for Mongolians to refer to their country as \"Genghis Khan's Mongolia", "5727404b708984140094db5b": " warring tribes. For example, it is not uncommon for Mongolians to refer to their country as \"Genghis Khan's Mongolia", "5727404b708984140094db5c": "Mongolians are unfairly biased against Genghis Khan", "5727404b708984140094db5d": "ongolians are unfairly biased against Genghis Khan", "57274126dd62a815002e9a24": " t\u00f6gr\u00f6g (\u20ae). Mongolia's main international airport in Ulaanbaatar", "57274126dd62a815002e9a25": " 500, 1,000, 5,000, 10,000, and 20,000 Mongolian t\u00f6gr\u00f6g", "57274126dd62a815002e9a26": " Ulaanbaatar", "57274126dd62a815002e9a27": " t\u00f6gr\u00f6g (\u20ae). Mongolia's main international airport in Ulaanbaatar", "57274126dd62a815002e9a28": " t\u00f6gr\u00f6g (\u20ae). Mongolia's main international airport in Ulaanbaatar", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63a": " a time of almost endemic warfare between tribes", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63b": " a time of almost endemic warfare between tribes", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63c": " a time of almost endemic warfare between tribes", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63d": " a time of almost endemic warfare between tribes", "57275250708984140094dc25": " 65 years of struggle", "57275250708984140094dc26": " Genghis Khan never conquered all of China, his grandson Kublai Khan completed that conquest and established the Yuan dynasty", "57275250708984140094dc27": " 65 years of struggle", "57275250708984140094dc28": " 65 years of struggle", "57275250708984140094dc29": " 65 years of struggle", "572753af708984140094dc2f": " the mid-20th century", "572753af708984140094dc30": " the mid-20th century", "572753af708984140094dc31": " the mid-20th century", "572754cd5951b619008f8863": " three years, the Mongols destroyed and annihilated all of the major cities of Eastern Europe", "572754cd5951b619008f8864": " three years, the Mongols destroyed and annihilated all of the major cities of Eastern Europe", "572754cd5951b619008f8865": " three years, the Mongols destroyed and annihilated all of the major cities of Eastern Europe", "572754cd5951b619008f8866": " three years, the Mongols destroyed and annihilated all of the major cities of Eastern Europe", "572754cd5951b619008f8867": " Urgench, Kiev", "572756715951b619008f8877": " Mongol atrocities committed against the Khwarizim Shahs, Turks, Persians, the citizens of Baghdad and Damascus", "572756715951b619008f8878": " Khwarizim Shahs, Turks, Persians, the citizens of Baghdad and Damascus", "572756715951b619008f8879": " Mongol atrocities committed against the Khwarizim Shahs, Turks, Persians, the citizens of Baghdad and Damascus", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69a": " Mongolian and Turkic word tenggis", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69b": " tenggis by the Mongols", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69c": " Mongolian and Turkic word tenggis", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69d": " Mongolian and Turkic word tenggis", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69e": " Mongolian and Turkic word tenggis", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b78": " Chinggis Khaan", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b79": " Chinggis Khaan", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7a": " Chinggis Khaan", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7b": " Chinggis Khaan", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7c": " Chinggis Khaan", "5726d8bd708984140094d35b": " a range of services that are now performed solely by other specialist practitioners", "5726d8bd708984140094d35c": " a range of services that are now performed solely by other specialist practitioners", "5726d8bd708984140094d35d": " a modern pharmacy", "5726d8bd708984140094d35e": " a range of services that are now performed solely by other specialist practitioners, such as surgery and midwifery", "5726d8bd708984140094d35f": " a range of services that are now performed solely by other specialist practitioners, such as surgery and midwifery", "5726d9935951b619008f7fed": " healthcare professionals with specialised education and training who perform various roles to ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines", "5726d9935951b619008f7fee": " healthcare professionals with specialised education and training who perform various roles to ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines", "5726d9935951b619008f7fef": " healthcare professionals with specialised education and training who perform various roles to ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines", "5726d9935951b619008f7ff0": " healthcare professionals with specialised education and training who perform various roles to ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines", "5726d9935951b619008f7ff1": " healthcare professionals with specialised education and training who perform various roles to ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b2": " professional on the General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC) register. The GPhC is the governing body for pharmacy health care professionals", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b3": " professional on the General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC) register", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b4": " professional on the General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC) register. The GPhC is the governing body for pharmacy health care professionals", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b5": " professional on the General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC) register. The GPhC is the governing body for pharmacy health care professionals", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b6": " professional on the General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC) register. The GPhC is the governing body for pharmacy health care professionals", "5726db5add62a815002e92d5": " De Materia Medica (Concerning medical substances) was used a basis for many medieval texts, and was built upon by many middle eastern scientists", "5726db5add62a815002e92d6": " De Materia Medica (Concerning medical substances) was used a basis for many medieval texts", "5726db5add62a815002e92d7": " De Materia Medica (Concerning medical substances) was used a basis for many medieval texts, and was built upon by many middle eastern scientists", "5726db5add62a815002e92d4": " De Materia Medica (Concerning medical substances) was used a basis for many medieval texts, and was built upon by many middle eastern scientists", "5726db5add62a815002e92d8": " De Materia Medica (Concerning medical substances) was used a basis for many medieval texts, and was built upon by many middle eastern scientists", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9320": "1868", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9321": "701) and re-stated in the Y\u014dr\u014d Code (718). Ranked positions in the pre-Heian Imperial court", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9322": "1868", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9323": "1868", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9324": "1868", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee04": "865\u2013915), for instance, acted to promote the medical uses of chemical compounds", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee05": " Muhammad ibn Zakar\u012b", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee06": " 869), was, however, the first physician to initiate pharmacopoedia", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee08": " Muhammad ibn Zakar\u012b", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee07": " Muhammad ibn Zakar\u012b", "5726deed5951b619008f80c5": " 1422. The oldest is claimed to have been set up in 1221 in the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence", "5726deed5951b619008f80c6": " 1422. The oldest is claimed to have been set up in 1221 in the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, Italy", "5726deed5951b619008f80c7": " 1422. The oldest is claimed to have been set up in 1221 in the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence", "5726deed5951b619008f80c8": " 1422. The oldest is claimed to have been set up in 1221 in the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, Italy", "5726deed5951b619008f80c9": " 1422", "5726e08e5951b619008f810f": " pharmacy technicians", "5726e08e5951b619008f8110": " pharmacy technicians", "5726e08e5951b619008f8111": " pharmacy technicians", "5726e08e5951b619008f8112": " pharmacy legislation; with requirements for storage conditions, compulsory texts, equipment, etc., specified in legislation", "5726e08e5951b619008f8113": " pharmacy technicians", "5726e179dd62a815002e93ae": " clinical pharmacists", "5726e179dd62a815002e93af": " specific indications, effectiveness of treatment regimens, safety of medications (i.e., drug interactions) and patient compliance", "5726e179dd62a815002e93b0": " specific indications, effectiveness of treatment regimens, safety of medications (i.e., drug interactions) and patient compliance", "5726e179dd62a815002e93b1": " clinical pharmacists", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb2": " hospital pharmacies have decided to outsource high risk preparations and some other compounding functions", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb3": " hospital medications are unit-dose, or a single dose of medicine", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb4": " hospital pharmacies have decided to outsource high risk preparations and some other compounding functions", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb5": " hospital pharmacies have decided to outsource high risk preparations and some other compounding functions", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb6": " hospital pharmacies have decided to outsource high risk preparations and some other compounding functions", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9404": " Clinical pharmacists care for patients in all health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9405": " health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9406": " health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9407": " health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9408": " health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cb": " dispensing and administration", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cc": " clinical pharmacist's role involves creating a comprehensive drug therapy plan", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cd": " clinical pharmacist's role involves creating a comprehensive drug therapy plan for patient-specific problems", "5726e5c95951b619008f81ce": " drug allergies while designing and initiating a drug therapy plan", "5726e985dd62a815002e94da": " pharmacy practice as a separate board", "5726e985dd62a815002e94db": " ambulatory care pharmacy specialty certification exam", "5726e985dd62a815002e94dc": " federal health care system (including the VA, the Indian Health Service, and NIH", "5726e985dd62a815002e94dd": " ambulatory care pharmacy specialty certification exam", "5726e985dd62a815002e94de": " ambulatory care pharmacy specialty certification exam", "5726ea985951b619008f8261": " community pharmacies employ consultant pharmacists", "5726ea985951b619008f8262": " community pharmacies employ consultant pharmacists", "5726ea985951b619008f8263": " community pharmacies employ consultant pharmacists", "5726ea985951b619008f8264": " community pharmacies employ consultant pharmacists", "5726ea985951b619008f8265": " nursing homes", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826b": " year 2000, a growing number of Internet pharmacies have been established worldwide. Many of these pharmacies are similar to community pharmacies", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826c": " year 2000, a growing number of Internet pharmacies have been established worldwide. Many of these pharmacies are similar to community pharmacies", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826d": " about the year 2000, a growing number of Internet pharmacies have been established worldwide. Many of these pharmacies are similar to community pharmacies", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826e": " community pharmacies", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826f": " community pharmacies", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00c": " customers order drugs from such pharmacies to avoid the \"inconvenience\" of visiting a doctor", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00d": " Many customers order drugs from such pharmacies", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00e": " customers order drugs from such pharmacies", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00f": " customers order drugs from such pharmacies to avoid the \"inconvenience\" of visiting a doctor", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f010": " customers order drugs from such pharmacies to avoid the \"inconvenience\" of visiting a doctor", "5726edecdd62a815002e957e": " Vicodin, generically known as hydrocodone) via the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor", "5726edecdd62a815002e957f": " Vicodin, generically known as hydrocodone) via the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor/practitioner", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05e": " Vicodin, generically known as hydrocodone) via the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05f": " Vicodin, generically known as hydrocodone) via the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor/practitioner", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f060": " Vicodin, generically known as hydrocodone) via the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f061": " Vicodin, generically known as hydrocodone) via the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f062": " Vicodin, generically known as hydrocodone) via the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f7": " drug suppliers, rather than consumers. There is no known case of any U.S. citizens buying Canadian drugs for personal use", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f8": " drug suppliers, rather than consumers. There is no known case of any U.S. citizens buying Canadian drugs for personal use", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f9": " drug suppliers, rather than consumers. There is no known case of any U.S. citizens buying Canadian drugs for personal use", "5726f0e35951b619008f82fa": " drug suppliers, rather than consumers. There is no known case of any U.S. citizens buying Canadian drugs for personal use", "5726f0e35951b619008f82fb": " drug suppliers, rather than consumers. There is no known case of any U.S. citizens buying Canadian drugs for personal use", "5726f2375951b619008f830f": " healthcare information technology vendor companies", "5726f2375951b619008f8310": " healthcare information technology vendor companies", "5726f2375951b619008f8311": "Pharmacy informatics is the combination of pharmacy practice science and applied information science", "5726f2375951b619008f8312": " practice areas of pharmacy, however, they may also work in information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor companies", "5726f2375951b619008f8313": " health system interoperability goals", "5726f36cdd62a815002e95fe": " 19 of 28 newly FDA approved medications in 2013", "5726f36cdd62a815002e95ff": " 19 of 28 newly FDA approved medications in 2013 being specialty drugs", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9600": "heumatoid arthritis", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9601": " 19 of 28 newly FDA approved medications in 2013 being specialty drugs", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9602": " complex disease states such as cancer, hepatitis, and rheumatoid arthritis", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0da": " pharmaceuticals", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0db": " pharmacists are regulated separately from physicians", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dc": " the public", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dd": " pharmaceuticals", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0de": " pharmaceuticals", "5726f635dd62a815002e9657": " 1.6 kilometres) between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy. This law also exists in Austria", "5726f635dd62a815002e9656": " 1.6 kilometres) between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy. This law also exists in Austria", "5726f635dd62a815002e9658": " 1.6 kilometres) between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy", "5726f635dd62a815002e9659": " 1.6 kilometres) between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy", "5726f7715951b619008f838d": " absolute powers. Otherwise, the physician", "5726f7715951b619008f838e": " a conflict of interest and/or the avoidance of absolute powers. Otherwise, the physician has a financial self-interest", "5726f7715951b619008f838f": " a conflict of interest and/or the avoidance of absolute powers. Otherwise, the physician has a financial self-interest", "5726f7715951b619008f8391": " a conflict of interest and/or the avoidance of absolute powers. Otherwise, the physician has a financial self-interest", "5726f7715951b619008f8390": " a conflict of interest and/or the avoidance of absolute powers. Otherwise, the physician has a financial self-interest", "5726f868dd62a815002e9684": " Medication Therapy Management (MTM) includes the clinical services that pharmacists can provide for their patients", "5726f868dd62a815002e9685": " Medication Therapy Management (MTM) includes the clinical services that pharmacists can provide for their patients", "5726f868dd62a815002e9686": "prescription, and herbals) currently being taken by an individual. The result is a reconciliation of medication and patient education", "5726f868dd62a815002e9687": " Medication Therapy Management (MTM) includes the clinical services that pharmacists can provide for their patients", "5726f868dd62a815002e9688": "prescription, and herbals) currently being taken by an individual. The result is a reconciliation of medication and patient education resulting in increased patient health outcomes", "5726f96ddd62a815002e9698": " remunerated by their provincial government for expanded services such as medications reviews", "5726f96ddd62a815002e9699": " remunerated by their provincial government for expanded services such as medications reviews", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969a": " pharmaceutical care or clinical pharmacy has had an evolving influence on the practice of pharmacy", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969b": " evolving influence on the practice of pharmacy", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969c": " remunerated by their provincial government for expanded services such as medications reviews", "5726fa525951b619008f83f7": " typed text. The show globe was also used until the early 20th century", "5726fa525951b619008f83f8": " typed text. The show globe was also used until the early 20th century", "5726fa525951b619008f83f9": " typed text. The show globe was also used until the early 20th century", "5726fa525951b619008f83fa": " typed text. The show globe was also used until the early 20th century", "5726fa525951b619008f83fb": " typed text. The show globe was also used until the early 20th century", "5726e65e708984140094d53d": " a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens", "5726e65e708984140094d53e": " a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses", "5726e65e708984140094d53f": " a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens", "5726e65e708984140094d540": " a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efda": " a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdb": " a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdc": " a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens", "5728eff82ca10214002daadc": " a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses", "5728eff82ca10214002daadd": " a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens", "5728eff82ca10214002daade": " a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses", "5728eff82ca10214002daadf": " the adaptive immune system", "572a14af3f37b319004786c1": " a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens", "572a14af3f37b319004786c3": " a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens", "572a14af3f37b319004786c2": " a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens", "572a14af3f37b319004786c4": " a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens", "5726eb785951b619008f8275": " defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system", "5726eb785951b619008f8276": "tebrates", "5726eb785951b619008f8277": " multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system", "5726eb785951b619008f8278": " defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system", "572a135daf94a219006aa79f": " multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a0": " defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a1": " multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a2": " defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe2": " a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe3": " a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe4": " a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe5": " a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe6": " a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms", "5728f2e26aef051400154896": " a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms", "5728f2e26aef051400154897": " a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms", "5728f2e26aef051400154898": " a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms", "5728f2e26aef051400154899": " a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f166": " 430 BC", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f167": " 430 BC", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f168": " 430 BC", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f169": " 430 BC", "5728f3724b864d1900165116": " 430 BC", "5728f3724b864d1900165117": " 430 BC", "5728f3724b864d1900165118": " 430 BC", "5728f3724b864d1900165119": " 430 BC", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16e": " a pathogen breaches these barriers, the innate immune system provides an immediate, but non-specific response. Innate immune systems are found in all plants", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16f": " vertebrates possess a second layer of protection, the adaptive immune system, which is activated by the innate response", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f170": " vertebrates possess a second layer of protection, the adaptive immune system, which is activated by the innate response", "5728f6446aef0514001548e4": " vertebrates possess a second layer of protection, the adaptive immune system", "5728f6446aef0514001548e5": " vertebrates possess a second layer of protection, the adaptive immune system, which is activated by the innate response", "5728f6446aef0514001548e6": " vertebrates possess a second layer of protection, the adaptive immune system", "5728f6446aef0514001548e7": " vertebrates possess a second layer of protection, the adaptive immune system", "5728f7774b864d190016512e": " immune receptors", "5728f7774b864d190016512f": " immune receptors", "5728f7774b864d1900165130": " immune receptors", "5728f7774b864d1900165131": " immune receptors", "5728f7774b864d1900165132": " immune receptors", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5a": " a pathogen. The innate immune system is the dominant system of host defense in most organisms", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5b": " a pathogen. The innate immune system is the dominant system of host defense in most organisms", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5c": " a pathogen. The innate immune system is the dominant system of host defense in most organisms", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5d": " a pathogen. The innate immune system is the dominant system of host defense in most organisms", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6a": " cuticle of many leaves, the exoskeleton of insects, the shells and membranes of externally deposited eggs", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6b": " waxy cuticle of many leaves, the exoskeleton of insects, the shells and membranes of externally deposited eggs", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6c": " cuticle of many leaves, the exoskeleton of insects, the shells and membranes of externally deposited eggs", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6d": " cuticle of many leaves, the exoskeleton of insects, the shells and membranes of externally deposited eggs", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6e": " the lungs, coughing and sneezing mechanically eject pathogens and other irritants from the respiratory tract. The flushing action of tears and urine", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec7": "Chemical barriers also protect against infection. The skin and respiratory tract", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec8": "Chemical barriers also protect against infection. The skin and respiratory tract secrete antimicrobial peptides", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec9": "Chemical barriers also protect against infection. The skin and respiratory tract secrete antimicrobial peptides", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9eca": "Chemical barriers also protect against infection. The skin and respiratory tract secrete antimicrobial peptides", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ecb": "arche", "5728fd206aef05140015494c": " oral antibiotics can lead to an \"overgrowth\" of fungi", "5728fd206aef05140015494d": " oral antibiotics can lead to an \"overgrowth\" of fungi", "5728fd206aef05140015494e": " oral antibiotics can lead to an \"overgrowth\" of fungi", "5728fd206aef05140015494f": " oral antibiotics can lead to an \"overgrowth\" of fungi", "572900f73f37b31900477f69": " cytokines and other chemicals recruit immune cells to the site of infection and promote healing of any damaged tissue following the removal of pathogens", "572900f73f37b31900477f6a": " certain white blood cells", "572900f73f37b31900477f6b": " attract certain white blood cells", "572900f73f37b31900477f6c": "oids and cytokines, which are released by injured or infected cells", "572900f73f37b31900477f6d": " chemotaxis", "572905ce1d04691400778f83": "tebrate animals", "572905ce1d04691400778f84": "tebrate animals", "572905ce1d04691400778f85": "tebrate animals", "572905ce1d04691400778f86": "tebrate animals", "572905ce1d04691400778f87": "tebrate animals", "5729081d3f37b31900477fab": "Neutrophils and macrophages are phagocytes that travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens", "5729081d3f37b31900477fac": "Neutrophils and macrophages are phagocytes that travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens", "5729081d3f37b31900477fad": " 50% to 60% of the total circulating leukocytes", "5729081d3f37b31900477fae": " chemotaxis", "5729081d3f37b31900477faf": "Neutrophils and macrophages are phagocytes that travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens", "572908c13f37b31900477fbd": "Leukocytes (white blood cells) act like independent, single-celled organisms and are the second arm of the innate immune system", "572908c13f37b31900477fbe": " phagocytes (macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells", "572908c13f37b31900477fbf": " natural killer cells", "572908c13f37b31900477fc0": " natural killer cells", "5729efab3f37b319004785cf": " innate and adaptive immune systems", "5729efab3f37b319004785d0": " a link between the bodily tissues and the innate and adaptive immune systems", "5729efab3f37b319004785d1": " innate and adaptive immune systems", "5729efab3f37b319004785d2": " innate and adaptive immune systems", "5729f06f1d04691400779674": " a cell-surface marker called MHC I", "5729f06f1d04691400779673": " a cell-surface marker called MHC I", "5729f06f1d04691400779675": " a cell-surface marker called MHC I", "5729f06f1d04691400779676": " a cell-surface marker called MHC I (major histocompatibility complex)", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e1": " vertebrates and allows for a stronger immune response as well as immunological memory, where each pathogen is \"remembered\" by a signature antigen", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e2": "igens during a process called antigen presentation", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e3": " a stronger immune response as well as immunological memory, where each pathogen is \"remembered\" by a signature antigen", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d3": " two major subtypes of T cells: the killer T cell and the helper T cell", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d4": "igens coupled to Class I MHC molecules, while helper T cells and regulatory T cells only recognize antigens coupled to Class II MHC molecules", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d5": " a \"non-self\" target, such as a pathogen", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d6": " a \"non-self\" target, such as a pathogen", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d7": " two major subtypes of T cells: the killer T cell and the helper T cell", "5729f39a6aef05140015514c": " a sub-group of T cells that kill cells that are infected with viruses", "5729f39a6aef05140015514e": " CD8. The T cell then travels throughout the body in search of cells where the MHC I receptors bear this antigen", "5729f39a6aef05140015514d": " MHC Class I receptor", "5729f39a6aef051400155150": "a protease) induces the target cell to undergo apoptosis", "5729f39a6aef05140015514f": " MHC I receptors bear this antigen", "5729f4b41d0469140077968b": " MHC:antigen", "5729f4b41d0469140077968c": " cell types", "5729f4b41d0469140077968d": " cell types", "5729f4b41d0469140077968e": " MHC:antigen", "5729f4b41d0469140077968f": " MHC:antigen", "5729f5a03f37b31900478605": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells are a component of adaptive immunity as they rearrange TCR genes to produce receptor diversity and can also develop a memory phenotype", "5729f5a03f37b31900478606": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells are a component of adaptive immunity as they rearrange TCR genes to produce receptor diversity and can also develop a memory phenotype", "5729f5a03f37b31900478607": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells are a component of adaptive immunity as they rearrange TCR genes to produce receptor diversity and can also develop a memory phenotype", "5729f5a03f37b31900478608": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells are a component of adaptive immunity as they rearrange TCR genes to produce receptor diversity and can also develop a memory phenotype", "5729f5a03f37b31900478609": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells are a component of adaptive immunity as they rearrange TCR genes to produce receptor diversity and can also develop a memory phenotype", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6f9": " B cell and processed by proteolysis", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fa": " B cell and processed by proteolysis", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fb": " foreign antigen. This antigen/antibody complex is taken up by the B cell and processed by proteolysis", "5729f799af94a219006aa707": "lived memory cells", "5729f799af94a219006aa708": " individual as an adaptation to infection with that pathogen", "5729f799af94a219006aa709": " individual as an adaptation to infection with that pathogen", "5729f799af94a219006aa70a": " individual as an adaptation to infection with that pathogen", "5729f8516aef05140015516c": " Several layers of passive protection are provided by the mother. During pregnancy, a particular type of antibody, called IgG, is transported from mother to baby", "5729f8516aef05140015516d": " Several layers of passive protection are provided by the mother. During pregnancy, a particular type of antibody, called IgG, is transported from mother to baby", "5729f8516aef05140015516e": " Several layers of passive protection are provided by the mother. During pregnancy, a particular type of antibody, called IgG, is transported from mother to baby", "5729f8516aef05140015516f": " Several layers of passive protection are provided by the mother. During pregnancy, a particular type of antibody, called IgG, is transported from mother to baby", "5729f9953f37b3190047861f": " autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus strike women preferentially, and their onset often coincides with puberty", "5729f9953f37b31900478620": " autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus strike women preferentially, and their onset often coincides with puberty", "5729f9953f37b31900478621": " Some autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus strike women preferentially, and their onset often coincides with puberty", "5729f9953f37b31900478622": " autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus strike women preferentially, and their onset often coincides with puberty", "5729fa40af94a219006aa70f": " NFIL3, which have been shown to be closely intertwined with both T-cell differentiation and our circadian rhythms", "5729fa40af94a219006aa710": " dark cycles", "5729fa40af94a219006aa711": " dark cycles", "5729fb003f37b31900478627": " two things happen that negatively affect their vitamin D levels", "5729fb003f37b31900478628": " two things happen that negatively affect their vitamin D levels", "5729fb003f37b31900478629": " two things happen that negatively affect their vitamin D levels", "5729fb003f37b3190047862a": " two things happen that negatively affect their vitamin D levels", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969d": " killer T cells, sometimes with the assistance of helper T cells. Tumor antigens are presented on MHC class I molecules", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969e": " killer T cells, sometimes with the assistance of helper T cells. Tumor antigens are presented on MHC class I molecules", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969f": " killer T cells, sometimes with the assistance of helper T cells. Tumor antigens are presented on MHC class I molecules", "5729fc3d1d046914007796a0": " killer T cells, sometimes with the assistance of helper T cells. Tumor antigens are presented on MHC class I molecules", "5729fd111d046914007796a5": " a type of defensive response used by plants", "5729fd111d046914007796a6": " Pathogen-associated molecular patterns or PAMPs", "5729fd111d046914007796a7": " a type of defensive response used by plants", "5729fd111d046914007796a8": " a type of defensive response used by plants", "5729fd111d046914007796a9": " Pathogen-associated molecular patterns or PAMPs", "5729fe5c3f37b3190047862f": " T cells and antibodies react with \"self\" peptides", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478630": " thymus and bone marrow) is to present young lymphocytes", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478631": " thymus and bone marrow) is to present young lymphocytes", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478632": " many T cells and antibodies react with \"self\" peptides", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa739": " a high susceptibility to infection", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73a": " a high susceptibility to infection", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73b": " a high susceptibility to infection", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73c": "odeficiency in developing countries", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73d": " a high susceptibility to infection", "5729ffda1d046914007796af": " infectious disease remaining one of the leading causes of death in the human population", "5729ffda1d046914007796b0": " infectious disease remaining one of the leading causes of death in the human population", "5729ffda1d046914007796b1": " infectious disease remaining one of the leading causes of death in the human population", "5729ffda1d046914007796b2": " infectious disease remaining one of the leading causes of death in the human population, vaccination represents the most effective manipulation of the immune system", "572a019f3f37b31900478643": " II secretion system", "572a019f3f37b31900478644": " II secretion system", "572a019f3f37b31900478645": " II secretion system", "572a019f3f37b31900478646": " several methods that allow them to successfully infect a host, while evading detection or destruction by the immune system", "572a02483f37b3190047864b": " Frank Burnet, inspired by a suggestion made by Niels Jerne, formulated the clonal selection theory (CST)", "572a02483f37b3190047864c": " Niels Jerne, formulated the clonal selection theory (CST)", "572a02483f37b3190047864d": " Niels Jerne, formulated the clonal selection theory (CST)", "572a02483f37b3190047864e": " Niels Jerne, formulated the clonal selection theory (CST) of immunity", "572a03086aef0514001551a2": " azathioprine", "572a03086aef0514001551a3": " azathioprine", "572a03086aef0514001551a4": " azathioprine", "572a03086aef0514001551a5": " azathioprine", "572a04d51d046914007796cd": " any intruding pathogens", "572a04d51d046914007796ce": " any intruding pathogens", "572a04d51d046914007796cf": " impairments if it were to occur during wake times. Second, inflammation may occur during sleep times due to the presence of melatonin", "572a04d51d046914007796d0": " any intruding pathogens", "572a058aaf94a219006aa751": " calcitriol", "572a058aaf94a219006aa752": " calcitriol", "572a058aaf94a219006aa753": " calcitriol", "572a058aaf94a219006aa754": " steroid hormone calcitriol", "572a058aaf94a219006aa755": " calcitriol", "572a06af3f37b31900478667": "tebrate systemic immunity", "572a06af3f37b31900478668": " Ribonucleases and the RNA interference pathway are conserved across all eukaryotes", "572a06af3f37b31900478669": " Antimicrobial peptides called defensins are an evolutionarily conserved component of the innate immune response found in all animals and plants", "572a06af3f37b3190047866a": "tebrate systemic immunity", "572a07fc6aef0514001551dc": " distinct lymphocyte-derived molecule has been discovered in primitive jawless vertebrates", "572a07fc6aef0514001551dd": " distinct lymphocyte-derived molecule has been discovered in primitive jawless vertebrates", "572a07fc6aef0514001551de": " a large array of molecules called Variable lymphocyte receptors", "572a07fc6aef0514001551df": " hagfish. These animals possess a large array of molecules called Variable lymphocyte receptors", "572a096e6aef0514001551e4": " Offensive elements of the immune systems are also present in unicellular eukaryotes", "572a096e6aef0514001551e5": " Offensive elements of the immune systems are also present in unicellular eukaryotes", "572a096e6aef0514001551e6": " Offensive elements of the immune systems are also present in unicellular eukaryotes", "572a096e6aef0514001551e7": " Offensive elements of the immune systems are also present in unicellular eukaryotes", "572a0a686aef0514001551ec": " the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century saw a battle between \"cellular\" and \"humoral\" theories of immunity", "572a0a686aef0514001551ed": " The end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century saw a battle between \"cellular\" and \"humoral\" theories", "572a0a686aef0514001551ee": " a battle between \"cellular\" and \"humoral\" theories of immunity", "572a0a686aef0514001551ef": " a battle between \"cellular\" and \"humoral\" theories of immunity", "572a0a686aef0514001551f0": " a battle between \"cellular\" and \"humoral\" theories of immunity", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f6": " MHC class I molecules on their surface, thus avoiding detection by killer T cells. Some tumor cells also release products that inhibit the immune response", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f7": " MHC class I molecules on their surface, thus avoiding detection by killer T cells", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f8": " MHC class I molecules on their surface, thus avoiding detection by killer T cells", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f9": " MHC class I molecules on their surface, thus avoiding detection by killer T cells. Some tumor cells also release products that inhibit the immune response", "572a0bf96aef051400155204": " four classes (Type I \u2013 IV) based on the mechanisms involved and the time course of the hypersensitive reaction", "572a0bf96aef051400155205": " hypersensitivity is mediated by IgE, which triggers degranulation of mast cells and basophils", "572a0bf96aef051400155206": " hypersensitivity is mediated by IgE, which triggers degranulation of mast cells and basophils", "572a0bf96aef051400155207": " hypersensitivity is mediated by IgE, which triggers degranulation of mast cells and basophils", "572a0bf96aef051400155208": " hypersensitivity is mediated by IgE, which triggers degranulation of mast cells and basophils", "572a0ce11d046914007796fd": "omonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cenocepacia", "572a0ce11d046914007796fe": "omonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cenocepacia", "572a0ce11d046914007796ff": "omonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cenocepacia", "572a0ce11d04691400779700": "omonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cenocepacia", "572a0ce11d04691400779701": "omonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cenocepacia", "572a0e4b6aef051400155214": " Masking antigens with host molecules is another common strategy for avoiding detection by the immune system", "572a0e4b6aef051400155215": " The parasite Trypanosoma brucei", "572a0e4b6aef051400155216": " Masking antigens with host molecules is another common strategy for avoiding detection by the immune system", "572a0e4b6aef051400155217": " a similar strategy, constantly switching one type of surface protein for another, allowing it to stay one step ahead of the antibody response", "572a0f073f37b3190047867f": " A third possible source of tumor antigens are proteins normally important for regulating cell growth and survival", "572a0f073f37b31900478680": " A third possible source of tumor antigens are proteins normally important for regulating cell growth and survival", "572a0f073f37b31900478681": " A third possible source of tumor antigens are proteins normally important for regulating cell growth and survival", "572a0f073f37b31900478682": " A third possible source of tumor antigens are proteins normally important for regulating cell growth and survival", "572a0f073f37b31900478683": " A third possible source of tumor antigens are proteins normally important for regulating cell growth and survival", "572a10cd6aef051400155222": "formatics-based studies of immunogenicity is referred to as immunoinformatics", "572a10cd6aef051400155223": "formatics-based studies of immunogenicity is referred to as immunoinformatics", "572a10cd6aef051400155224": "formatics-based studies of immunogenicity is referred to as immunoinformatics", "572a10cd6aef051400155225": "formatics-based studies of immunogenicity is referred to as immunoinformatics", "572a10cd6aef051400155226": "formatics-based studies of immunogenicity is referred to as immunoinformatics", "572a12386aef051400155234": "uitary growth hormone, and prolactin) support the interactions between APCs and T-cells", "572a12386aef051400155235": "uitary growth hormone, and prolactin) support the interactions between APCs and T-cells", "572a12386aef051400155236": "uitary growth hormone, and prolactin) support the interactions between APCs and T-cells", "572a12386aef051400155237": "uitary growth hormone, and prolactin) support the interactions between APCs and T-cells", "572a142e3f37b319004786b9": " complement binding to antibodies that have attached to these microbes or the binding of complement proteins to carbohydrates", "572a142e3f37b319004786bc": " complement binding to antibodies that have attached to these microbes or the binding of complement proteins", "572a142e3f37b319004786ba": " complement binding to antibodies that have attached to these microbes or the binding of complement proteins", "572a142e3f37b319004786bb": " complement binding to antibodies that have attached to these microbes or the binding of complement proteins to carbohydrates", "57271c235951b619008f860b": " the 1919 Revolution", "57271c235951b619008f860c": " Egyptians against the British occupation in the 1919 Revolution", "57271c235951b619008f860d": " 1919 Revolution", "57271c235951b619008f860e": " the 1919 Revolution", "57271c235951b619008f860f": " East Germany to oust their communist governments", "5728d4c03acd2414000dff9f": " 1919 Revolution", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa0": " 1919 Revolution", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa1": " the 1919 Revolution", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa2": " East Germany to oust their communist governments", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa3": " the 1919 Revolution", "57271f125951b619008f8635": " Creon, the current King of Thebes", "57271f125951b619008f8636": " Creon, the current King of Thebes", "57271f125951b619008f8637": " Creon, the current King of Thebes", "57271f125951b619008f8638": " Creon, the current King of Thebes", "57271f125951b619008f8639": " Sophocles' play Antigone", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb3": " Creon, the current King of Thebes", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb4": " Creon, the current King of Thebes", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb5": " Creon, the current King of Thebes", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb6": " Creon, the current King of Thebes", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb7": " Creon, the current King of Thebes", "5727213c708984140094da35": " 1819, poet Percy Shelley wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy", "5727213c708984140094da36": " 1819, poet Percy Shelley wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy", "5727213c708984140094da38": " 1819, poet Percy Shelley wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy", "5727213c708984140094da39": " A version was taken up by the author Henry David Thoreau", "5727213c708984140094da37": " 1819, poet Percy Shelley wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f18": " 1819, poet Percy Shelley wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f19": " 1819, poet Percy Shelley wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1a": " 1819, poet Percy Shelley wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1c": " 1819, poet Percy Shelley wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1b": " 1819, poet Percy Shelley wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy", "572726c9708984140094da7b": " juvenile delinquents and political assassins", "572726c9708984140094da7e": " juvenile delinquents and political assassins", "572726c9708984140094da7c": " draft evaders, campaign hecklers, campus militants, anti-war demonstrators, juvenile delinquents and political assassins", "572726c9708984140094da7d": " draft evaders, campaign hecklers, campus militants, anti-war demonstrators, juvenile delinquents and political assassins", "5728d6f02ca10214002da90e": " juvenile delinquents and political assassins", "5728d6f02ca10214002da90f": " draft evaders, campaign hecklers, campus militants, anti-war demonstrators, juvenile delinquents and political assassins", "5728d6f02ca10214002da910": " draft evaders, campaign hecklers, campus militants, anti-war demonstrators, juvenile delinquents and political assassins", "5728d6f02ca10214002da911": " juvenile delinquents and political assassins", "5728d6f02ca10214002da912": " draft evaders, campaign hecklers, campus militants, anti-war demonstrators, juvenile delinquents and political assassins", "572807802ca10214002d9bf8": "LeGrande writes that \"the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition", "572807802ca10214002d9bf9": " a distinction between lawful protest demonstration, nonviolent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience", "572807802ca10214002d9bfa": " a distinction between lawful protest demonstration, nonviolent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience", "572807802ca10214002d9bfb": " niceties. Like Alice in Wonderland", "572807802ca10214002d9bfc": " a distinction between lawful protest demonstration, nonviolent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4c": " a distinction between lawful protest demonstration, nonviolent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4d": "LeGrande writes that \"the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4e": "LeGrande writes that \"the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4f": " a distinction between lawful protest demonstration, nonviolent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f50": " a distinction between lawful protest demonstration, nonviolent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience", "57280f974b864d1900164370": " public official rather than private citizen", "57280f974b864d1900164371": " public official rather than private citizen", "57280f974b864d1900164372": " public official rather than private citizen", "57280f974b864d1900164373": " public official rather than private citizen", "57280f974b864d1900164374": " public official", "5728d9403acd2414000e001b": " public official rather than private citizen", "5728d9403acd2414000e001c": " public official rather than private citizen", "5728d9403acd2414000e001d": " public official rather than private citizen", "5728d9403acd2414000e001e": " a constitutional impasse", "5728d9403acd2414000e001f": " public official rather than private citizen", "572812e74b864d19001643ce": " The majority may be powerful but it is not necessarily right. What, then, is the proper relationship between the individual and the government", "572812e74b864d19001643cf": " The majority may be powerful but it is not necessarily right. What, then, is the proper relationship between the individual and the government", "572812e74b864d19001643d0": " The majority may be powerful but it is not necessarily right. What, then, is the proper relationship between the individual and the government", "572812e74b864d19001643d1": " The majority may be powerful but it is not necessarily right. What, then, is the proper relationship between the individual and the government", "572812e74b864d19001643d2": " The majority may be powerful but it is not necessarily right. What, then, is the proper relationship between the individual and the government", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005d": " The majority may be powerful but it is not necessarily right. What, then, is the proper relationship between the individual and the government", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005e": " The majority may be powerful but it is not necessarily right. What, then, is the proper relationship between the individual and the government", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005f": " The majority may be powerful but it is not necessarily right. What, then, is the proper relationship between the individual and the government", "5728dafe3acd2414000e0060": " The majority may be powerful but it is not necessarily right. What, then, is the proper relationship between the individual and the government", "5728dafe3acd2414000e0061": " The majority may be powerful but it is not necessarily right. What, then, is the proper relationship between the individual and the government", "5728151b4b864d1900164428": " Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies", "5728151b4b864d1900164429": " foreign governments", "5728151b4b864d190016442a": " foreign governments", "5728151b4b864d190016442b": " Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0080": " Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0081": " Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e007f": " Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0083": " Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies", "572818f54b864d190016446c": " Fully Informed Jury", "572818f54b864d190016446d": " Fully Informed Jury", "572818f54b864d190016446e": " Fully Informed Jury Association's publication \"A Primer for Prospective Jurors\"", "572818f54b864d190016446f": " Fully Informed Jury Association's publication \"A Primer for Prospective Jurors", "572818f54b864d1900164470": " Fully Informed Jury Association's publication \"A Primer for Prospective Jurors\"", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d2": "formed Jury", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d3": "formed Jury", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d4": "formed Jury", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d5": " Fully Informed Jury", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d6": " Fully Informed Jury", "57281c594b864d19001644a2": " Black's Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience", "57281c594b864d19001644a3": " Black's Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience", "57281c594b864d19001644a4": " a civil disobedients' use of force and violence", "57281c594b864d19001644a5": " Black's Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience", "57281c594b864d19001644a6": " Black's Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience", "5728df634b864d1900164fe2": " Black's Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience", "5728df634b864d1900164fe3": " Black's Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience", "5728df634b864d1900164fe4": " Black's Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience", "5728df634b864d1900164fe6": " Black's Law Dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience", "5728202c4b864d19001644ec": " Hungarians under Ferenc De\u00e1k directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government", "5728202c4b864d19001644ed": " Hungarians under Ferenc De\u00e1k directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government", "5728202c4b864d19001644ee": " Hungarians under Ferenc De\u00e1k directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government", "5728202c4b864d19001644ef": " a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience", "5728202c4b864d19001644f0": " Hungarians under Ferenc De\u00e1k directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00e9": " Hungarians under Ferenc De\u00e1k directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ea": " Hungarians under Ferenc De\u00e1k directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00eb": " Hungarians under Ferenc De\u00e1k directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ec": " Hungarians under Ferenc De\u00e1k directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ed": " Hungarians under Ferenc De\u00e1k directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government", "572822233acd2414000df555": " solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "572822233acd2414000df556": " Roman Empire", "572822233acd2414000df557": " solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "572822233acd2414000df558": " Roman Empire", "572822233acd2414000df559": " solitary civil disobedience", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0131": "The earliest recorded incidents of collective civil disobedience took place during the Roman Empire", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0132": " solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0133": " solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0134": " solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0135": " Roman Empire", "572825a92ca10214002d9efe": " illegal acts. Bedau writes, \"There is a whole class of acts, undertaken in the name of civil disobedience", "572825a92ca10214002d9eff": " Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days", "572825a92ca10214002d9f00": "Civil disobedients", "572825a92ca10214002d9f01": " Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days", "572825a92ca10214002d9f02": " Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days", "5728e5224b864d1900165032": " Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days", "5728e5224b864d1900165033": " Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days", "5728e5224b864d1900165034": " Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days", "5728e5224b864d1900165035": " Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days", "5728e5224b864d1900165036": " Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days", "5728284e3acd2414000df5cd": " 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation", "5728284e3acd2414000df5ce": " 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation", "5728284e3acd2414000df5cf": " 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d0": " 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d1": " 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0171": " 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0172": " 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0173": " 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0174": " Pacifica Foundation", "57282dfb4b864d1900164668": "CSB Waihopai by padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes", "57282dfb4b864d1900164669": " Brownlee", "57282dfb4b864d190016466a": "CSB Waihopai by padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes", "57282dfb4b864d190016466b": "CSB Waihopai by padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes", "57282dfb4b864d190016466c": "CSB Waihopai by padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes", "5728e715ff5b5019007da914": "CSB Waihopai by padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes", "5728e715ff5b5019007da916": "CSB Waihopai by padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes", "5728e715ff5b5019007da917": "CSB Waihopai by padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes", "5728e715ff5b5019007da918": "CSB Waihopai by padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6c": " criminal investigations and arrests arise also in civil disobedience cases", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6d": " criminal investigators can serve no useful purpose, and may be harmful. However", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6e": " criminal investigations and arrests arise also in civil disobedience cases", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6f": " criminal investigations and arrests arise also in civil disobedience cases", "5728e8212ca10214002daa70": " criminal investigators can serve no useful purpose, and may be harmful. However, some civil disobedients have nonetheless found it hard to resist responding to investigators", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c5": " a violation of criminal law that does not infringe the rights of others", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c6": " a violation of criminal law that does not infringe the rights of others", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c7": " a violation of criminal law that does not infringe the rights of others", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c8": " a violation of criminal law that does not infringe the rights of others", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c9": " a violation of criminal law that does not infringe the rights of others", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01d9": " ACT-UP's Civil Disobedience Training handbook", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01da": " ACT-UP's Civil Disobedience Training handbook", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01db": " ACT-UP's Civil Disobedience Training handbook", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dc": " ACT-UP's Civil Disobedience Training handbook", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dd": " civil disobedience", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650aa": " arraigned for trial before the local Justice of the Peace, that afternoon. A well known civil rights attorney, Francis Heisler", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ab": " arraigned for trial before the local Justice of the Peace, that afternoon. A well known civil rights attorney, Francis Heisler", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ac": " arraigned for trial before the local Justice of the Peace, that afternoon. A well known civil rights attorney, Francis Heisler", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ad": " arraigned for trial before the local Justice of the Peace, that afternoon. A well known civil rights attorney, Francis Heisler", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ae": " 13 of the protesters attempted to enter the test site knowing that they faced arrest", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97c": " civil disobedience", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97d": " a spirit of subservience, to demean the seriousness of the protest", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97e": " civil disobedience", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97f": " civil disobedience", "5728eef92ca10214002daab0": " prosecution proposes a plea bargain to civil disobedients", "5728eef92ca10214002daab1": " Gandhi", "5728eef92ca10214002daab2": " prosecution proposes a plea bargain to civil disobedients", "5728eef92ca10214002daab3": " prosecution proposes a plea bargain to civil disobedients", "5728eef92ca10214002daab4": " prosecution proposes a plea bargain to civil disobedients", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e55": " speech, or a speech explaining their actions, in allocution. In U.S. v. Burgos-Andujar", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e56": " speech, or a speech explaining their actions, in allocution. In U.S. v. Burgos-Andujar", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e57": " speech explaining their actions, in allocution. In U.S. v. Burgos-Andujar", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e58": " speech, or a speech explaining their actions, in allocution. In U.S. v. Burgos-Andujar", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e59": " speech, or a speech explaining their actions, in allocution. In U.S. v. Burgos-Andujar", "5728facd4b864d1900165170": " A technical defense", "5728facd4b864d1900165171": " A technical defense", "5728facd4b864d1900165172": " acquittal but make for more boring proceedings and reduced press coverage. During the Vietnam War era, the Chicago Eight used a political defense, while Benjamin Spock", "5728facd4b864d1900165173": " jury nullification. Over the years, this has been made more difficult by court decisions such as Sparf v. United States", "5728facd4b864d1900165174": " A technical defense", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef5": " Michael Bay", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef6": " Michael Bay", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef7": " Michael Bay", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef8": " Michael Bay", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef9": " Michael Bay", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f11": " The necessity defense has sometimes been used as a shadow defense by civil disobedients", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f12": " The necessity defense has sometimes been used as a shadow defense by civil disobedients", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f13": " shadow defense by civil disobedients", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f14": "Courts have distinguished between two types of civil disobedience", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f15": " courthouses", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2b": " Brownlee", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2d": " Brownlee", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2e": " Brownlee", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2f": " Brownlee", "57273a465951b619008f86ff": " nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries", "57273a465951b619008f8700": " nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries", "57273a465951b619008f8701": " nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries", "57273a465951b619008f8702": " nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries", "57273a465951b619008f8703": " nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries", "57273cca708984140094db33": " megaprojects", "57273cca708984140094db34": " megaprojects", "57273cca708984140094db35": " megaprojects", "57273cca708984140094db36": " megaprojects", "57273cca708984140094db37": " megaprojects", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4fe": " heavy/highway, heavy civil or heavy engineering", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4ff": " heavy/highway, heavy civil or heavy engineering", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f500": " heavy/highway, heavy civil or heavy engineering", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f501": " Industrial includes refineries, process chemical, power generation, mills and manufacturing plants", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f502": ", mills and manufacturing plants. There are other ways to break the industry into sectors or markets", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a02": "Top-40)", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a03": "Top-40)", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a04": "Top-40)", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a05": "Engineering News-Record (ENR) is a trade magazine for the construction industry", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0a": " heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0b": " heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors. There are also categories for construction service firms (e.g., engineering, architecture)", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0c": " heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0d": " heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors", "57274046dd62a815002e9a12": " a room, or renovation of a bathroom", "57274046dd62a815002e9a13": " a room, or renovation of a bathroom", "57274046dd62a815002e9a14": " a room, or renovation of a bathroom", "57274046dd62a815002e9a15": " a room, or renovation of a bathroom", "57274046dd62a815002e9a16": " a room, or renovation of a bathroom", "572742bd5951b619008f8785": " skilled tradespeople", "572742bd5951b619008f8786": " skilled tradespeople", "572742bd5951b619008f8787": " local regulations, economies of scale (custom designed homes are often more expensive to build) and the availability of skilled tradespeople", "572742bd5951b619008f8788": " a per square meter (or per square foot) basis for houses", "572744aff1498d1400e8f588": " January 2013", "572744aff1498d1400e8f589": " January 2013", "572744aff1498d1400e8f58a": " January 2013", "572744aff1498d1400e8f58b": " January 2013", "572745c6708984140094db9a": " formal design team may be assembled to plan the physical proceedings, and to integrate those proceedings with the other parts. The design usually consists of drawings and specifications", "572745c6708984140094db99": " formal design team may be assembled to plan the physical proceedings, and to integrate those proceedings with the other parts. The design usually consists of drawings and specifications", "572745c6708984140094db9b": " formal design team may be assembled to plan the physical proceedings, and to integrate those proceedings with the other parts. The design usually consists of drawings and specifications", "572745c6708984140094db9c": " formal design team may be assembled to plan the physical proceedings, and to integrate those proceedings with the other parts. The design usually consists of drawings and specifications", "572745c6708984140094db9d": " formal design team may be assembled to plan the physical proceedings, and to integrate those proceedings with the other parts. The design usually consists of drawings and specifications", "57274e0d708984140094dbe5": " a construction project, from beginning to end. This is designated as a \"design build\" contract", "57274e0d708984140094dbe6": " a construction project, from beginning to end. This is designated as a \"design build\" contract", "57274e0d708984140094dbe7": " a construction project, from beginning to end. This is designated as a \"design build\" contract", "57274e0d708984140094dbe8": "design build\" contract", "57274e975951b619008f87f9": " interior designers, engineers and constructors throughout design and construction. In response, many companies are growing beyond traditional offerings of design or construction services alone", "57274e975951b619008f87fa": " interior designers, engineers and constructors throughout design and construction. In response, many companies are growing beyond traditional offerings of design or construction services alone", "57274e975951b619008f87fb": " interior designers, engineers and constructors throughout design and construction. In response, many companies are growing beyond traditional offerings of design or construction services alone", "57274f67708984140094dbf5": " a problem in many fields, but is notoriously prevalent in the construction field", "57274f67708984140094dbf6": " Financial planning", "57274f67708984140094dbf7": " Financial planning for the project is intended to ensure that a solid plan with adequate safeguards and contingency plans are in place before the project is started", "57274f67708984140094dbf8": " a problem in many fields, but is notoriously prevalent in the construction field. Financial planning", "5727502f708984140094dc07": " cost engineers", "5727502f708984140094dc08": " cost engineers are likely participants in creating an overall plan for the financial management of the building construction project", "5727502f708984140094dc09": " cost engineers are likely participants in creating an overall plan for the financial management of the building construction project", "5727502f708984140094dc0b": " Cost overruns with government projects have occurred when the contractor identified change orders or project changes that increased costs, which are not subject to competition from other firms", "5727502f708984140094dc0a": " cost engineers are likely participants in creating an overall plan for the financial management of the building construction project", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af0": " a matter of custom or expectation, such as isolating businesses to a business district and residences", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af1": " a matter of custom or expectation, such as isolating businesses to a business district and residences", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af2": " a matter of custom or expectation, such as isolating businesses to a business district", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af3": " a matter of custom or expectation, such as isolating businesses to a business district and residences", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af4": " a matter of custom or expectation, such as isolating businesses to a business district and residences", "572751b4708984140094dc1b": " construction project is a complex net of contracts", "572751b4708984140094dc1c": " A contract is the exchange of a set of obligations between two or more parties", "572751b4708984140094dc1d": " obligations between two or more parties", "572751b4708984140094dc1e": " A contract is the exchange of a set of obligations between two or more parties", "572751b4708984140094dc1f": " A contract is the exchange of a set of obligations between two or more parties", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0e": " Public-Private Partnering (PPPs) aka private finance initiatives (PFIs) and alliances such as \"pure\" or \"project\" alliances", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0f": " Public-Private Partnering (PPPs)", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b10": " Public-Private Partnering (PPPs)", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b11": " Public-Private Partnering (PPPs) aka private finance initiatives (PFIs) and alliances such as \"pure\" or \"project\" alliances", "572753335951b619008f8853": " Any subcontractor has a direct contractual relationship with the main contractor", "572753335951b619008f8854": " Any subcontractor has a direct contractual relationship with the main contractor", "572753335951b619008f8855": " Any subcontractor has a direct contractual relationship with the main contractor", "572753335951b619008f8856": " direct contractual links between the architect's client and the main contractor. Any subcontractor has a direct contractual relationship with the main contractor", "572753335951b619008f8857": " Any subcontractor has a direct contractual relationship with the main contractor", "57275411dd62a815002e9b30": " Several D&B contractors present different ideas about how to accomplish these goals. The owner selects the ideas he or she likes best and hires the appropriate contractor", "57275411dd62a815002e9b31": " Several D&B contractors present different ideas about how to accomplish these goals. The owner selects the ideas he or she likes best and hires the appropriate contractor", "57275411dd62a815002e9b32": " Several D&B contractors present different ideas about how to accomplish these goals. The owner selects the ideas he or she likes best and hires the appropriate contractor", "57275411dd62a815002e9b33": " Several D&B contractors present different ideas about how to accomplish these goals. The owner selects the ideas he or she likes best and hires the appropriate contractor", "57275411dd62a815002e9b34": " Several D&B contractors present different ideas about how to accomplish these goals. The owner selects the ideas he or she likes best and hires the appropriate contractor", "572754fff1498d1400e8f660": " municipal building inspector inspects the building periodically to ensure that the construction adheres to the approved plans", "572754fff1498d1400e8f661": " municipal building inspector inspects the building periodically to ensure that the construction adheres to the approved plans", "572754fff1498d1400e8f662": " municipal building inspector inspects the building periodically to ensure that the construction adheres to the approved plans", "572754fff1498d1400e8f663": " utility lines marked, either by the utilities themselves or through a company specializing in such services", "572754fff1498d1400e8f664": " damage to the existing electrical, water, sewage, phone, and cable facilities", "572755b7708984140094dc4d": "200,000 general contractors, 38,000 heavy, and 432,000 specialty); the average contractor employed fewer than 10 employees", "572755b7708984140094dc4e": "200,000 general contractors, 38,000 heavy, and 432,000 specialty); the average contractor employed fewer than 10 employees", "572755b7708984140094dc4f": "200,000 general contractors, 38,000 heavy, and 432,000 specialty); the average contractor employed fewer than 10 employees", "572755b7708984140094dc50": "200,000 general contractors, 38,000 heavy, and 432,000 specialty); the average contractor employed fewer than 10 employees", "572755b7708984140094dc51": "200,000 general contractors, 38,000 heavy, and 432,000 specialty); the average contractor employed fewer than 10 employees", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f674": " \u00a342,090", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f675": " \u00a342,090", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f676": " \u00a340,000 in the UK. Some construction workers in the US/Canada have made more than $100,000 annually", "572756fe708984140094dc71": " non-fatal injuries among construction workers", "572756fe708984140094dc72": " non-fatal injuries among construction workers", "572756fe708984140094dc73": " non-fatal injuries among construction workers", "572756fe708984140094dc74": " non-fatal injuries among construction workers", "572746addd62a815002e9a5e": "Private schools, also known as independent schools, non-governmental, or nonstate schools, are not administered by local, state or national governments", "572746addd62a815002e9a5f": "Private schools, also known as independent schools, non-governmental, or nonstate schools, are not administered by local, state or national governments", "572746addd62a815002e9a60": " scholarship", "572746addd62a815002e9a61": " a talent the student may have (e.g. sport scholarship, art scholarship, academic scholarship), financial need, or tax credit scholarships", "57274712708984140094dbad": " $45,000 at several New England preparatory schools", "57274712708984140094dbae": " $45,000 at several New England preparatory schools", "57274712708984140094dbaf": " tertiary institutions. Private education in North America", "57274712708984140094dbb0": " $45,000 at several New England preparatory schools", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59a": " Tuition at private secondary schools", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59b": " Tuition at private secondary schools", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59c": " Tuition at private secondary schools", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59d": " Tuition at private secondary schools", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59e": " university-preparatory schools or \"prep schools\", boarding schools and day schools", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a4": " a term which is often used to denote Roman Catholic schools", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a5": " a term which is often used to denote Roman Catholic schools. Other religious groups represented in the K-12 private education sector include Protestants", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a6": " a term which is often used to denote Roman Catholic schools. Other religious groups represented in the K-12 private education sector include Protestants", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a82": " a tool not readily available to government schools", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a83": " a tool not readily available to government schools", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a84": " a tool not readily available to government schools", "57274971708984140094dbbb": " Uniting Church and Presbyterian Church", "57274971708984140094dbbc": " Anglican Church, Uniting Church and Presbyterian Church", "57274971708984140094dbbd": " Anglican Church, Uniting Church and Presbyterian Church", "57274971708984140094dbbe": " Anglican Church, Uniting Church and Presbyterian Church", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9a": " Article 7", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9b": " a second Gleichschaltung", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9c": " Article 7", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9d": " Article 7", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9e": " Article 7, Paragraph 4", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bc": " Ersatzschule", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bd": " public schools", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5be": " tuition fees and/or offer scholarships, compared to most other Western European countries", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d4": " vocational schools. However, these vocational schools are not part of the German dual education system", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d5": " vocational schools. However, these vocational schools are not part of the German dual education system", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d6": " vocational schools. However, these vocational schools are not part of the German dual education system", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d7": " vocational schools. However, these vocational schools are not part of the German dual education system", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e4": " school leaving certificates", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e5": " school leaving certificates", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e6": " school leaving certificates", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e7": " school leaving certificates", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa4": " adult illiterate population in the world", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa5": " school inspectors", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa6": " unpopularity of government schools and an increasing number of private schools. The Annual Status of Education Report (ASER), which evaluates learning levels in rural India", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa7": " unpopularity of government schools and an increasing number of private schools. The Annual Status of Education Report (ASER), which evaluates learning levels in rural India", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa8": " adult illiterate population in the world", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aae": " \u20ac5,000 annually", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aaf": " \u20ac5,000 annually", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab0": " \u20ac5,000 annually", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab1": " \u20ac5,000 annually", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab2": " \u20ac5,000 annually", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f6": " 60 schools converted to become National Type schools", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f7": " 60 schools converted to become National Type schools", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f8": " English-medium schools. Over 60 schools converted to become National Type schools", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f9": " 60 schools converted to become National Type schools", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5fa": " 60 schools converted to become National Type schools", "57274e145951b619008f87e7": "aided' schools", "57274e145951b619008f87e8": " private schools, but many of them have the name \"Public School\" appended to them", "57274e145951b619008f87e9": " private schools, but many of them have the name \"Public School\" appended to them", "57274e145951b619008f87ea": " private schools, but many of them have the name \"Public School\" appended to them", "57274e145951b619008f87eb": " private schools, but many of them have the name \"Public School\" appended to them", "57274eca5951b619008f87ff": " 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population. Private school numbers have been in decline since the mid-1970s", "57274eca5951b619008f8800": " 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population. Private school numbers have been in decline since the mid-1970s", "57274eca5951b619008f8801": " 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population. Private school numbers have been in decline since the mid-1970s", "57274eca5951b619008f8802": " 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population. Private school numbers have been in decline since the mid-1970s", "57274eca5951b619008f8803": " 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population. Private school numbers have been in decline since the mid-1970s", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61e": " Collegiate School in Wellington, and Christ's College and St Margaret's College in Christchurch", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61f": " Diocesan School for Girls", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f620": "Private schools are often Anglican, such as King's College and Diocesan School for Girls", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f621": " Anglican, such as King's College and Diocesan School for Girls", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f622": " Collegiate School in Wellington, and Christ's College and St Margaret's College in Christchurch", "5727500f708984140094dbfd": " August 1992", "5727500f708984140094dbfe": " August 1992", "5727500f708984140094dbff": " August 1992", "5727500f708984140094dc00": " August 1992", "5727500f708984140094dc01": " August 1992", "572750df5951b619008f882f": " school fees of students turned away from public high schools", "572750df5951b619008f8830": " Tuition Fee Supplement is geared to students enrolled in priority courses", "572750df5951b619008f8831": " school fees of students turned away from public high schools", "5727515f708984140094dc11": " missionaries in the early nineteenth century", "5727515f708984140094dc12": " missionaries in the early nineteenth century", "5727515f708984140094dc13": " church schools that were established by missionaries in the early nineteenth century", "5727515f708984140094dc14": " church schools that were established by missionaries in the early nineteenth century", "5727515f708984140094dc15": " missionaries in the early nineteenth century", "57275409708984140094dc35": " government schools formerly reserved for white children", "57275409708984140094dc36": " legal form of \"Model C\" was abolished, however, the term continues to be used to describe government schools formerly reserved for white children", "57275409708984140094dc37": " legal form of \"Model C\" was abolished, however, the term continues to be used to describe government schools formerly reserved for white children", "572754dd708984140094dc3b": " 10% of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008. Sweden is internationally known for this innovative school voucher model", "572754dd708984140094dc3c": " school and the private school gets paid the same amount as municipal schools. Over 10% of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008", "572754dd708984140094dc3d": " school and the private school gets paid the same amount as municipal schools. Over 10% of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008", "572754dd708984140094dc3e": " private school and the private school gets paid the same amount as municipal schools. Over 10% of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008", "572754dd708984140094dc3f": " school and the private school gets paid the same amount as municipal schools. Over 10% of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008", "572756265951b619008f886d": " GSCE level", "572756265951b619008f886e": " GSCE level", "572756265951b619008f886f": " public schools", "572756265951b619008f8870": " GSCE level and 13 per cent at A-level", "572756265951b619008f8871": " GSCE level", "572757bef1498d1400e8f690": " 1954 decision in the landmark court case Brown v. Board of Education", "572757bef1498d1400e8f691": " Brown v. Board of Education", "572757bef1498d1400e8f692": " Brown v. Board of Education", "572757bef1498d1400e8f693": " Topeka", "572757bef1498d1400e8f694": " local families organized a wave of private \"Christian academies\". In much of the U.S. South, many white students migrated to the academies", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6ae": " Government funding for religious schools is either subject to restrictions or possibly forbidden, according to the courts' interpretation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6af": " Blaine Amendments", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b0": " Government funding for religious schools is either subject to restrictions or possibly forbidden, according to the courts' interpretation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b1": " Government funding for religious schools is either subject to restrictions or possibly forbidden, according to the courts' interpretation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment", "572759665951b619008f8883": " 1852", "572759665951b619008f8884": " 1852. The Supreme Court precedent appears to favor educational choice", "572759665951b619008f8885": " 1852. The Supreme Court precedent appears to favor educational choice", "572759665951b619008f8886": " 1852", "572759665951b619008f8887": " 1852. The Supreme Court precedent appears to favor educational choice", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b94": " $40,000 annually for day schools", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b95": " $40,000 annually for day schools", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b96": " $40,000 annually for day schools in New York City", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b97": " $40,000 annually for day schools", "5727aa413acd2414000de921": "1909) transformed the college and affiliated professional schools into a modern research university; Harvard was a founding member of the Association of American Universities", "5727aa413acd2414000de922": "1909) transformed the college and affiliated professional schools into a modern research university; Harvard was a founding member of the Association of American Universities", "5727aa413acd2414000de923": "1909) transformed the college and affiliated professional schools into a modern research university; Harvard was a founding member of the Association of American Universities", "5727aa413acd2414000de924": "1909) transformed the college and affiliated professional schools into a modern research university; Harvard was a founding member of the Association of American Universities", "5727aa413acd2414000de925": "1909) transformed the college and affiliated professional schools into a modern research university; Harvard was a founding member of the Association of American Universities", "5727aeac3acd2414000de987": " 79 individual libraries", "5727aeac3acd2414000de988": " 79 individual libraries", "5727aeac3acd2414000de989": " 79 individual libraries", "5727aeac3acd2414000de98a": " 79 individual libraries", "5727aeac3acd2414000de98b": " 79 individual libraries", "5727aec03acd2414000de991": " 209-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard", "5727aec03acd2414000de992": " 209-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard", "5727aec03acd2414000de993": " 209-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard", "5727aec03acd2414000de994": " 209-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard", "5727aec03acd2414000de995": " 209-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c2": " \u00a3779 and his library of some 400 books. The charter creating the Harvard Corporation", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c3": " \u00a3779 and his library of some 400 books. The charter creating the Harvard Corporation", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c4": " \u00a3779 and his library of some 400 books. The charter creating the Harvard Corporation", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c5": " \u00a3779 and his library of some 400 books. The charter creating the Harvard Corporation", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c6": " \u00a3779 and his library of some 400 books. The charter creating the Harvard Corporation", "5727b0892ca10214002d93e8": " Congregational and Unitarian churches", "5727b0892ca10214002d93e9": " Congregational and Unitarian churches", "5727b0892ca10214002d93ea": " Congregational and Unitarian churches", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea99": " Congregationalist ministers", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9a": " Congregationalist ministers", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9b": " Congregationalist ministers", "5727c0402ca10214002d9564": " Common Sense Realism", "5727c0402ca10214002d9565": " Common Sense Realism", "5727c0402ca10214002d9566": " Common Sense Realism", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95ba": " Waldo Emerson", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bb": " Waldo Emerson", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bc": " Waldo Emerson", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94ce": " 20th century", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94cf": " 20th century", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94d0": " 20th century", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec13": " Radcliffe, though more and more took Harvard classes. Nonetheless, Harvard's undergraduate population remained predominantly male", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec14": " other groups in greater numbers even before the college, also became more diverse in the post-World War II period", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec15": " graduate schools, which had accepted females and other groups in greater numbers even before the college, also became more diverse in the post-World War II period", "5727c8863acd2414000dec49": "5 km) west-northwest of the State House in downtown Boston", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4a": " 209-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4b": " 209-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4c": "5 km) west-northwest of the State House in downtown Boston", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9576": "8.5 ha) campus in the Longwood Medical and Academic Area approximately 3.3 miles (5.3 km) southwest of downtown Boston", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9577": "8.5 ha) campus in the Longwood Medical and Academic Area approximately 3.3 miles (5.3 km) southwest of downtown Boston", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9578": "145 ha) campus opposite the Cambridge campus", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d72": " Allston than in Cambridge", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d73": " shuttle service and/or a tram. Plans also call for sinking part of Storrow Drive (at Harvard's expense) for replacement with park land", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d74": " shuttle service and/or a tram. Plans also call for sinking part of Storrow Drive (at Harvard's expense) for replacement with park land", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f0": " graduate students. The school color is crimson, which is also the name of the Harvard sports teams and the daily newspaper, The Harvard Crimson", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f1": " 14,000 graduate students. The school color is crimson, which is also the name of the Harvard sports teams and the daily newspaper, The Harvard Crimson", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f2": "1869\u20131909), bought red bandanas", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f3": " crimson, which is also the name of the Harvard sports teams and the daily newspaper, The Harvard Crimson", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f4": " crimson, which is also the name of the Harvard sports teams and the daily newspaper, The Harvard Crimson", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c4": " $28 billion in September 2010", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c5": " $28 billion in September 2010", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c6": " $28 billion in September 2010", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c7": " $28 billion in September 2010", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c8": " $28 billion in September 2010", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded13": " Consul Duke Kent-Brown", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded14": " Consul Duke Kent-Brown", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded15": " Duke Kent-Brown", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded3f": " 5.3% of applicants for the class of 2019, a record low and the second lowest acceptance rate among all national universities", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded40": " 2019, a record low and the second lowest acceptance rate among all national universities. Harvard College ended its early admissions program in 2007", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded41": " Carnegie Foundation as \"more selective, lower transfer-in\". Harvard College accepted 5.3% of applicants for the class of 2019", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded42": " 2019, a record low and the second lowest acceptance rate among all national universities. Harvard College ended its early admissions program in 2007", "5727d3843acd2414000ded69": " Advancement of Teaching, The New York Times, and some students have criticized Harvard for its reliance on teaching fellows for some aspects of undergraduate education", "5727d3843acd2414000ded6a": " four-year, full-time undergraduate program comprises a minority of enrollments at the university", "5727d3843acd2414000ded6b": " Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching", "5727d4922ca10214002d977c": " senior thesis and/or advanced course work. Students graduating in the top 4\u20135% of the class are awarded degrees summa cum laude", "5727d4922ca10214002d977d": " senior thesis and/or advanced course work. Students graduating in the top 4\u20135% of the class are awarded degrees summa cum laude", "5727d4922ca10214002d977e": " honors-eligible program requiring a senior thesis", "5727d4922ca10214002d977f": " senior thesis and/or advanced course work. Students graduating in the top 4\u20135% of the class are awarded degrees summa cum laude", "5727d6154b864d1900163e34": " $38,000, with a total cost of attendance of $57", "5727d6154b864d1900163e35": " 88% of Harvard's aid for undergraduate students", "5727d6154b864d1900163e36": " 88% of Harvard's aid for undergraduate students", "5727d6154b864d1900163e37": " 88% of Harvard's aid for undergraduate students", "5727d6154b864d1900163e38": " 88% of Harvard's aid for undergraduate students", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969a": " Cabot Science Library", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969c": " 18 million volumes. According to the American Library Association, this makes it the largest academic library in the United States", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969d": " 18 million volumes. According to the American Library Association, this makes it the largest academic library in the United States", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969b": " Cabot Science Library", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5e": "Harvard operates several arts, cultural, and scientific museums. The Harvard Art Museums comprises three museums. The Arthur M. Sackler Museum", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5f": "Harvard operates several arts, cultural, and scientific museums. The Harvard Art Museums comprises three museums. The Arthur M. Sackler Museum", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e60": "vard operates several arts, cultural, and scientific museums", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee17": "ARWU) since 2003", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee18": "ARWU) since 2003, and the THE World Reputation Rankings since 2011", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee19": "ARWU) since 2003, and the THE World Reputation Rankings since 2011", "5727da564b864d1900163e8e": " 42 intercollegiate sports in the NCAA Division I Ivy League. Harvard has an intense athletic rivalry with Yale University", "5727da564b864d1900163e8f": " Harvard has an intense athletic rivalry with Yale University", "5727da564b864d1900163e90": " athletic rivalry with Yale University", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fc": " 1875", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fd": " 1875", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fe": " 1875", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96ff": " 1875", "5727dc473acd2414000dee43": " Lavietes Pavilion", "5727dc473acd2414000dee44": " Lavietes Pavilion", "5727dc473acd2414000dee45": " cardio rooms", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163eba": " 23 years, the Harvard-Yale Regatta was the original source of the athletic rivalry between the two schools", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebb": " 23 years, the Harvard-Yale Regatta was the original source of the athletic rivalry between the two schools", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebc": " 23 years, the Harvard-Yale Regatta was the original source of the athletic rivalry between the two schools", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebd": " 23 years, the Harvard-Yale Regatta", "5727de862ca10214002d9860": " Ban Ki-moon; American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Theodore Roosevelt", "5727de862ca10214002d9861": " Ban Ki-moon; American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Theodore Roosevelt", "5727de862ca10214002d9862": " Ban Ki-moon; American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Theodore Roosevelt", "5727de862ca10214002d9863": " Ban Ki-moon; American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Theodore Roosevelt", "5727e0474b864d1900163f08": " Harlan Hanson; poets Wallace Stevens, T. S. Eliot and E. E. Cummings", "5727e0474b864d1900163f09": " Harlan Hanson; poets Wallace Stevens, T. S. Eliot and E. E. Cummings", "5727e0474b864d1900163f0a": " Henry David Thoreau; authors Ralph Waldo Emerson and William S. Burroughs", "5727e0474b864d1900163f0b": " Henry David Thoreau; authors Ralph Waldo Emerson and William S. Burroughs", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f34": ". O. Wilson", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f35": ". O. Wilson", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f36": ". O. Wilson", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954a": " 853,382 in 2014, it is the most populous city proper", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954b": " 853,382 in 2014, it is the most populous city proper", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954c": " 853,382 in 2014, it is the most populous city proper", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954d": "Jacksonville is the largest city by population in the U.S. state of Florida", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954e": "Jacksonville is the largest city by population in the U.S. state of Florida", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9676": " 1564 was the site of the French colony of Fort Caroline, one of the earliest European settlements in what is now the continental United States", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9677": "Jacksonville is in the First Coast region of northeast Florida", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9678": "Jacksonville is in the First Coast region of northeast Florida", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9679": "Jacksonville is in the First Coast region of northeast Florida", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d967a": " 1564 was the site of the French colony of Fort Caroline, one of the earliest European settlements in what is now the continental United States", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958e": " deep-water port. Its riverine location facilitates two United States Navy bases and the Port of Jacksonville", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958f": " two United States Navy bases and the Port of Jacksonville", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9590": " seaport", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9591": " seaport. The two US Navy bases, Blount Island Command", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bec": " pottery in the United States, dating to 2500 BC", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bed": " 2500 BC", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bee": " 2500 BC", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bef": " pottery in the United States, dating to 2500 BC", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bf0": " pottery in the United States, dating to 2500 BC", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c26": " Huguenot explorer Jean Ribault charted the St. Johns River in 1562", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c27": " Huguenot", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c28": " Huguenot explorer Jean Ribault charted the St. Johns River in 1562", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c29": " Huguenot explorer Jean Ribault charted the St. Johns River in 1562", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c2a": " Huguenot explorer Jean Ribault charted the St. Johns River in 1562", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d06": " 1783, after its defeat in the American Revolutionary War", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d07": " 1783, after its defeat in the American Revolutionary War", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d08": " 1783, after its defeat in the American Revolutionary War", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d09": " 1763 after the French and Indian War", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d0a": " a charter for a town government, which was approved by the Florida Legislative Council on February 9, 1832", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c76": " Confederate forces. The Skirmish of the Brick Church", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c77": " Confederate forces. The Skirmish of the Brick Church in 1862 just outside Jacksonville proper resulted in the first Confederate victory in Florida", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c78": " Confederate forces. The Skirmish of the Brick Church", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c79": " Confederate forces. The Skirmish of the Brick Church in 1862", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c7a": " Confederate forces. The Skirmish of the Brick Church", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbc": " Grover Cleveland attended the Sub-Tropical Exposition in the city on February 22, 1888", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbd": " February 22, 1888", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbe": " February 22, 1888", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbf": " February 22, 1888", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cc0": " February 22, 1888", "5728170d3acd2414000df443": " Klutho was the Dyal-Upchurch Building in 1902", "5728170d3acd2414000df444": " Klutho was the Dyal-Upchurch Building in 1902", "5728170d3acd2414000df445": " Klutho was the Dyal-Upchurch Building in 1902", "5728170d3acd2414000df446": " Klutho was the Dyal-Upchurch Building in 1902", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d44": " Norman Studios", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d45": " Norman Studios", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d46": " Norman Studios", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d47": " Norman Studios", "57281ab63acd2414000df493": " civic auditorium, public library and other projects that created a dynamic sense of civic pride", "57281ab63acd2414000df494": " civic auditorium, public library and other projects that created a dynamic sense of civic pride", "57281ab63acd2414000df495": " civic auditorium, public library and other projects that created a dynamic sense of civic pride", "57281ab63acd2414000df496": " civic auditorium, public library and other projects", "57281ab63acd2414000df497": " public building projects in the boom that occurred after the war. Mayor W. Haydon Burns' Jacksonville Story resulted in the construction of a new city hall", "57281bb84b864d190016449a": " tax base to improve services throughout the county. Voters outside the city limits rejected annexation plans in six referendums between 1960 and 1965", "57281bb84b864d190016449b": " six referendums between 1960 and 1965", "57281bb84b864d190016449c": " tax base to improve services throughout the county. Voters outside the city limits rejected annexation plans in six referendums between 1960 and 1965", "57281bb84b864d190016449d": " annexing outlying communities in order to create the needed tax base to improve services throughout the county", "57281d494b864d19001644be": " 11 officials were indicted and more were forced to resign. Jacksonville Consolidation, led by J. J. Daniel and Claude Yates", "57281d494b864d19001644bf": " 11 officials were indicted and more were forced to resign. Jacksonville Consolidation, led by J. J. Daniel and Claude Yates", "57281d494b864d19001644c0": " 11 officials were indicted and more were forced to resign. Jacksonville Consolidation, led by J. J. Daniel and Claude Yates", "57281d494b864d19001644c1": " 11 officials were indicted and more were forced to resign. Jacksonville Consolidation, led by J. J. Daniel and Claude Yates", "57281edd3acd2414000df4eb": " October 1, 1968, the governments merged to create the Consolidated City of Jacksonville", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ec": " October 1, 1968, the governments merged to create the Consolidated City of Jacksonville", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ed": " October 1, 1968, the governments merged to create the Consolidated City of Jacksonville", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ee": " October 1, 1968, the governments merged to create the Consolidated City of Jacksonville", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ef": " October 1, 1968, the governments merged to create the Consolidated City of Jacksonville", "572820512ca10214002d9e72": "264 km2), making Jacksonville the largest city in land area in the contiguous United States", "572820512ca10214002d9e73": "74.3 square miles (2,264 km2), making Jacksonville the largest city in land area in the contiguous United States", "572820512ca10214002d9e74": "264 km2), making Jacksonville the largest city in land area in the contiguous United States", "572820512ca10214002d9e75": "74.3 square miles (2,264 km2), making Jacksonville the largest city in land area in the contiguous United States", "572820512ca10214002d9e76": "264 km2), making Jacksonville the largest city in land area in the contiguous United States", "572821274b864d1900164510": " 42 floors", "572821274b864d1900164511": " 42 floors", "572821274b864d1900164512": " 42 floors", "572821274b864d1900164513": " 42 floors", "572821274b864d1900164514": " 42 floors", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc4": " mild weather during winters and hot and humid weather during summers. Seasonal rainfall is concentrated in the warmest months from May through September", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc5": " mild weather during winters and hot and humid weather during summers. Seasonal rainfall is concentrated in the warmest months from May through September", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc6": " mild weather during winters and hot and humid weather during summers. Seasonal rainfall is concentrated in the warmest months from May through September", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc7": " mild weather during winters and hot and humid weather during summers. Seasonal rainfall is concentrated in the warmest months from May through September", "57282358ff5b5019007d9dde": " July 11, 1879 and July 28, 1872", "57282358ff5b5019007d9ddf": " July 11, 1879 and July 28, 1872", "57282358ff5b5019007d9de0": " July 11, 1879 and July 28, 1872", "57282358ff5b5019007d9de1": " July 11, 1879 and July 28, 1872", "572824f13acd2414000df58f": " 1871", "572824f13acd2414000df590": " 1871", "572824f13acd2414000df591": " 1871", "572824f13acd2414000df592": " 1871", "572824f13acd2414000df593": " 1871", "572826634b864d19001645be": "Jacksonville is the most populous city in Florida", "572826634b864d19001645bf": " twelfth most populous city in the United States. As of 2010[update], there were 821,784 people and 366,273 households", "572826634b864d19001645c0": " twelfth most populous city in the United States. As of 2010[update], there were 821,784 people and 366,273 households", "572826634b864d19001645c1": "Jacksonville is the most populous city in Florida", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bb": " 23.9% under the age of 18", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bc": " 23.9% under the age of 18", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bd": " 23.9% under the age of 18", "572827fc3acd2414000df5be": " 23.9% under the age of 18", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ee": " $41 trillion in 2008", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ef": " $41 trillion in 2008", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f0": " $41 trillion in 2008", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f1": " A January 2014 report by Oxfam claims that the 85 wealthiest individuals in the world have a combined wealth equal to that of the bottom 50%", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f2": " A January 2014 report by Oxfam claims that the 85 wealthiest individuals in the world have a combined wealth equal to that of the bottom 50%", "5729d36b1d04691400779607": " $41 trillion in 2008", "5729d36b1d04691400779608": " $41 trillion in 2008", "5729d36b1d04691400779609": " $41 trillion in 2008", "5729d36b1d0469140077960a": " $41 trillion in 2008", "5729d36b1d0469140077960b": " $41 trillion in 2008", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc0": " July 22, 2014, the \"richest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc1": "richest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc2": " July 22, 2014, the \"richest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc3": " July 22, 2014, the \"richest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent", "5729d44b1d04691400779611": " July 22, 2014, the \"richest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent", "5729d44b1d04691400779612": " July 22, 2014, the \"richest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent", "5729d44b1d04691400779613": " July 22, 2014, the \"richest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent", "5729d44b1d04691400779614": " July 22, 2014, the \"richest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent", "5729d44b1d04691400779615": " July 22, 2014, the \"richest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent", "5727e9523acd2414000def95": " a market economy, inequality is a reflection of the productivity gap between highly-paid professions", "5727e9523acd2414000def96": "Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land", "5727e9523acd2414000def97": "Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land", "5727e9523acd2414000def98": "Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land", "5727e9523acd2414000def99": "Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land", "5729d51d3f37b3190047858f": "Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land", "5729d51d3f37b31900478590": "Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land", "5729d51d3f37b31900478591": "Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land", "5729d51d3f37b31900478592": "Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land", "5729d51d3f37b31900478593": "Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986e": " a situation of relatively stagnant wages for the working class", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986f": " a situation of relatively stagnant wages for the working class", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9870": " a situation of relatively stagnant wages for the working class", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9871": " a situation of relatively stagnant wages for the working class amidst rising levels of property income for the capitalist class", "5729d609af94a219006aa661": " a situation of relatively stagnant wages for the working class", "5729d609af94a219006aa662": " a situation of relatively stagnant wages for the working class", "5729d609af94a219006aa663": " a situation of relatively stagnant wages for the working class", "5729d609af94a219006aa664": " a situation of relatively stagnant wages for the working class", "5729d609af94a219006aa665": " a situation of relatively stagnant wages for the working class", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b6": " professional and labor organizations cannot limit the number of workers) the workers wages will not be controlled by these organizations, or by the employer", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b7": " professional and labor organizations cannot limit the number of workers) the workers wages will not be controlled by these organizations", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b8": " professional and labor organizations cannot limit the number of workers) the workers wages will not be controlled by these organizations, or by the employer", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b9": " professional and labor organizations cannot limit the number of workers) the workers wages", "5727ec062ca10214002d99ba": " professional and labor organizations cannot limit the number of workers) the workers wages will not be controlled by these organizations", "5729d878af94a219006aa66b": " professional and labor organizations cannot limit the number of workers) the workers wages will not be controlled by these organizations, or by the employer", "5729d878af94a219006aa66c": " professional and labor organizations cannot limit the number of workers) the workers wages will not be controlled by these organizations, or by the employer", "5729d878af94a219006aa66d": " professional and labor organizations cannot limit the number of workers) the workers wages will not be controlled by these organizations, or by the employer", "5729d878af94a219006aa66e": " professional and labor organizations cannot limit the number of workers) the workers wages will not be controlled by these organizations", "5729d878af94a219006aa66f": " professional and labor organizations cannot limit the number of workers) the workers wages will not be controlled by these organizations, or by the employer", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df001": " Professional and labor organizations may limit the supply of workers", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df002": " Professional and labor organizations may limit the supply of workers", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df003": " Professional and labor organizations may limit the supply of workers which results in higher demand and greater incomes for members", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df004": " Professional and labor organizations may limit the supply of workers which results in higher demand and greater incomes for members", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df005": " Professional and labor organizations may limit the supply of workers", "5729da0faf94a219006aa675": " Professional and labor organizations may limit the supply of workers which results in higher demand and greater incomes", "5729da0faf94a219006aa676": " Professional and labor organizations may limit the supply of workers which results in higher demand and greater incomes for members. Members may also receive higher wages through collective bargaining", "5729da0faf94a219006aa677": " Professional and labor organizations may limit the supply of workers", "5729da0faf94a219006aa678": " Professional and labor organizations may limit the supply of workers which results in higher demand and greater incomes for members", "5729da0faf94a219006aa679": " Professional and labor organizations may limit the supply of workers which results in higher demand and greater incomes for members. Members may also receive higher wages through collective bargaining", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ec": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs such as income for food and shelter", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ed": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs such as income for food and shelter", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ee": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs such as income for food and shelter", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ef": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs such as income for food and shelter", "5727ee372ca10214002d99f0": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship", "5729de24af94a219006aa689": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs such as income for food and shelter", "5729de24af94a219006aa68a": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs such as income for food and shelter", "5729de24af94a219006aa68b": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship", "5729de24af94a219006aa68c": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs such as income for food and shelter", "5729de24af94a219006aa68d": " Necessity-based entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs such as income for food and shelter", "5727ef664b864d1900164060": " Gini index", "5727ef664b864d1900164061": " A progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount", "5727ef664b864d1900164062": " A progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount", "5727ef664b864d1900164063": " A progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount", "5729e02f1d04691400779639": " Gini index for an income distribution before taxation and the Gini index after taxation", "5729e02f1d0469140077963a": " A progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount", "5729e02f1d0469140077963b": " A progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount", "5729e02f1d0469140077963c": " tax system", "5727f05b4b864d1900164068": " a lack of education leads directly to lower incomes, and thus lower aggregate savings and investment. Conversely, education raises incomes and promotes growth", "5727f05b4b864d1900164069": " a lack of education leads directly to lower incomes, and thus lower aggregate savings and investment. Conversely, education raises incomes and promotes growth", "5727f05b4b864d190016406a": " a lack of education leads directly to lower incomes, and thus lower aggregate savings and investment. Conversely, education raises incomes and promotes growth", "5727f05b4b864d190016406b": " a lack of education leads directly to lower incomes, and thus lower aggregate savings and investment. Conversely, education raises incomes and promotes growth", "5727f05b4b864d190016406c": " a lack of education leads directly to lower incomes, and thus lower aggregate savings and investment. Conversely, education raises incomes and promotes growth", "5729e1101d04691400779641": " a lack of education leads directly to lower incomes, and thus lower aggregate savings and investment. Conversely, education raises incomes and promotes growth", "5729e1101d04691400779642": " a lack of education leads directly to lower incomes, and thus lower aggregate savings and investment. Conversely, education raises incomes and promotes growth", "5729e1101d04691400779643": " a lack of education leads directly to lower incomes, and thus lower aggregate savings and investment. Conversely, education raises incomes and promotes growth", "5729e1101d04691400779644": " a lack of education leads directly to lower incomes, and thus lower aggregate savings and investment. Conversely, education raises incomes and promotes growth", "5729e1101d04691400779645": " a lack of education leads directly to lower incomes, and thus lower aggregate savings and investment. Conversely, education raises incomes and promotes growth", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05b": " $105 billion in growth to the country's economy over five years", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05c": " $105 billion in growth to the country", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05d": " $105 billion in growth to the country", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05e": " $105 billion in growth to the country", "5729e1e36aef0514001550ba": " $105 billion in growth to the country's economy over five years", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bb": " $105 billion in growth to the country", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bc": " $105 billion in growth to the country", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bd": " $105 billion in growth to the country's economy over five years", "5729e1e36aef0514001550be": " $105 billion in growth to the country", "5727f2714b864d1900164072": " college and advanced degrees. This decrease in wages caused a period of compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers", "5727f2714b864d1900164073": " college and advanced degrees. This decrease in wages caused a period of compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers", "5727f2714b864d1900164074": " college and advanced degrees. This decrease in wages caused a period of compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers", "5727f2714b864d1900164075": " college and advanced degrees. This decrease in wages caused a period of compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers", "5727f2714b864d1900164076": " college and advanced degrees. This decrease in wages caused a period of compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers", "5729e2b76aef0514001550ce": " college and advanced degrees. This decrease in wages caused a period of compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers", "5729e2b76aef0514001550cf": " college and advanced degrees. This decrease in wages caused a period of compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d0": " college and advanced degrees. This decrease in wages caused a period of compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d1": " college and advanced degrees. This decrease in wages caused a period of compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d2": " college and advanced degrees. This decrease in wages caused a period of compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e7": " CEPR point to economic liberalism and the reduction of business regulation along with the decline of union membership", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e8": " CEPR point to economic liberalism and the reduction of business regulation along with the decline of union membership as one of the causes of economic inequality", "5727f6723acd2414000df0ea": " CEPR point to economic liberalism and the reduction of business regulation along with the decline of union membership", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e9": " CEPR point to economic liberalism and the reduction of business regulation along with the decline of union membership as one of the causes of economic inequality", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69d": " CEPR point to economic liberalism and the reduction of business regulation along with the decline of union membership as one of the causes of economic inequality", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69e": " CEPR point to economic liberalism and the reduction of business regulation along with the decline of union membership", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69f": " CEPR", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a0": " CEPR point to economic liberalism and the reduction of business regulation along with the decline of union membership", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a1": " CEPR point to economic liberalism and the reduction of business regulation along with the decline of union membership as one of the causes of economic inequality", "5727f7523acd2414000df10d": " weak labor movements and vice-versa", "5727f7523acd2414000df10e": " unionization, particularly in Scandinavia", "5727f7523acd2414000df10f": " weak labor movements and vice-versa", "5727f7523acd2414000df110": " weak labor movements and vice-versa", "5729e4291d04691400779651": " weak labor movements and vice-versa", "5729e4291d04691400779652": " weak labor movements and vice-versa", "5729e4291d04691400779653": " weak labor movements and vice-versa", "5729e4291d04691400779654": " weak labor movements and vice-versa", "5729e4291d04691400779655": " weak labor movements and vice-versa", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a18": " Lawrence Katz estimates that trade has only accounted for 5-15% of rising income inequality", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a19": " Lawrence Katz estimates that trade has only accounted for 5-15% of rising income inequality", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1a": " Lawrence Katz estimates that trade has only accounted for 5-15% of rising income inequality", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1b": " Lawrence Katz estimates that trade has only accounted for 5-15% of rising income inequality", "5729f1283f37b319004785d7": " a global to a domestic scale. When rich countries trade with poor countries", "5729f1283f37b319004785d8": " Lawrence Katz estimates that trade has only accounted for 5-15% of rising income inequality", "5729f1283f37b319004785d9": " Lawrence Katz estimates that trade has only accounted for 5-15% of rising income inequality", "5729f1283f37b319004785da": " Lawrence Katz estimates that trade has only accounted for 5-15% of rising income inequality", "5729f1283f37b319004785db": " Lawrence Katz estimates that trade has only accounted for 5-15% of rising income inequality", "5727fd123acd2414000df185": " Botswana to -40% in Bahrain", "5727fd123acd2414000df186": " Botswana to -40% in Bahrain", "5727fd123acd2414000df187": " Botswana to -40% in Bahrain", "5727fd123acd2414000df188": " Botswana to -40% in Bahrain", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e7": " Botswana to -40% in Bahrain", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e8": " Botswana to -40% in Bahrain", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e9": " Botswana to -40% in Bahrain", "5729f1c13f37b319004785ea": " Botswana to -40% in Bahrain", "5729f1c13f37b319004785eb": " Botswana to -40% in Bahrain", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ab": " various possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs, more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ac": " various possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs, more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ad": " various possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs, more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ae": " various possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs, more developed countries move back to lower levels", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6dd": " possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs, more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6de": " possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs, more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6df": " possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs, more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e0": " various possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs, more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e1": " possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs, more developed countries move back to lower levels", "57287b322ca10214002da3be": " Kuznets curve", "57287b322ca10214002da3bf": " Kuznets curve", "57287b322ca10214002da3c0": " Kuznets curve", "57287b322ca10214002da3c1": " decrease given time. As an example, income inequality did fall in the United States during its High school movement from 1910 to 1940", "5729f3883f37b319004785f1": " decrease given time. As an example, income inequality did fall in the United States during its High school movement from 1910 to 1940", "5729f3883f37b319004785f2": " Kuznets curve", "5729f3883f37b319004785f3": " Kuznets curve", "5729f3883f37b319004785f4": " decrease given time. As an example, income inequality did fall in the United States during its High school movement from 1910 to 1940", "5729f3883f37b319004785f5": " Kuznets curve", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26c": "wealthy individuals", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26d": "wealthy individuals", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26e": "wealthy individuals", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26f": " Piketty in his book Capital in the Twenty-First Century argues that the fundamental force for divergence is the usually greater return of capital (r)", "5729f4273f37b319004785fb": "wealthy individuals", "5729f4273f37b319004785fc": " Piketty in his book Capital in the Twenty-First Century argues that the fundamental force for divergence is the usually greater return of capital (r)", "5729f4273f37b319004785fd": "wealthy individuals", "5729f4273f37b319004785fe": " Piketty in his book Capital in the Twenty-First Century argues that the fundamental force for divergence is the usually greater return of capital (r)", "5729f4273f37b319004785ff": " Piketty in his book Capital in the Twenty-First Century argues that the fundamental force for divergence is the usually greater return of capital (r)", "5729f4e46aef051400155157": " A better explainer of growing inequality, according to Stiglitz, is the use of political power generated by wealth by certain groups to shape government policies", "5729f4e46aef051400155156": " A better explainer of growing inequality, according to Stiglitz, is the use of political power generated by wealth by certain groups to shape government policies", "5729f4e46aef051400155158": " A better explainer of growing inequality, according to Stiglitz, is the use of political power generated by wealth by certain groups to shape government policies", "5729f4e46aef051400155159": " A better explainer of growing inequality, according to Stiglitz, is the use of political power generated by wealth by certain groups", "5729f4e46aef05140015515a": " A better explainer of growing inequality, according to Stiglitz, is the use of political power generated by wealth by certain groups to shape government policies", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6ef": " A similar relationship exists among US states", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f0": " A similar relationship exists among US states", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f1": " A similar relationship exists among US states", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f2": " A similar relationship exists among US states", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f3": ".907). A similar relationship exists among US states", "572a05eb3f37b31900478653": " Robert J. Shiller said that rising inequality in the United States and elsewhere is the most important problem. Increasing inequality harms economic growth", "572a05eb3f37b31900478654": " Robert J. Shiller said that rising inequality in the United States and elsewhere is the most important problem. Increasing inequality harms economic growth", "572a05eb3f37b31900478655": " to poverty, constrains liquidity limiting labor mobility, and erodes self-esteem", "572a05eb3f37b31900478656": " Robert J. Shiller said that rising inequality in the United States and elsewhere is the most important problem. Increasing inequality harms economic growth", "572a05eb3f37b31900478657": " Robert J. Shiller said that rising inequality in the United States and elsewhere is the most important problem. Increasing inequality harms economic growth", "572a06866aef0514001551be": " 23 developed countries and the 50 states of the US, they found social/health problems lower in countries like Japan and Finland and states like Utah", "572a06866aef0514001551bf": " 23 developed countries and the 50 states of the US, they found social/health problems lower in countries like Japan and Finland and states like Utah", "572a06866aef0514001551c0": " 23 developed countries and the 50 states of the US, they found social/health problems lower in countries like Japan and Finland and states like Utah", "572a06866aef0514001551c2": " 23 developed countries and the 50 states of the US, they found social/health problems lower in countries like Japan and Finland and states like Utah", "572a06866aef0514001551c1": " 23 developed countries and the 50 states of the US, they found social/health problems lower in countries like Japan and Finland and states like Utah", "572a070c6aef0514001551c8": "about 77 years in 2004) than Greeks (78 years) or New Zealanders", "572a070c6aef0514001551c9": "about 77 years in 2004) than Greeks (78 years) or New Zealanders", "572a070c6aef0514001551ca": "about 77 years in 2004) than Greeks (78 years) or New Zealanders", "572a070c6aef0514001551cb": "about 77 years in 2004) than Greeks (78 years) or New Zealanders", "572a070c6aef0514001551cc": "about 77 years in 2004) than Greeks (78 years) or New Zealanders", "572a07a86aef0514001551d2": " nine factors", "572a07a86aef0514001551d3": " nine factors", "572a07a86aef0514001551d4": " 22 countries", "572a07a86aef0514001551d5": " 22 countries, correlates with greater equality but not per capita income", "572a07a86aef0514001551d6": " 22 countries, correlates with greater equality but not per capita income", "572a0a391d046914007796df": " undeveloped countries", "572a0a391d046914007796e0": " undeveloped countries", "572a0a391d046914007796e1": " undeveloped countries", "572a0a391d046914007796e3": " undeveloped countries", "572a0a391d046914007796e2": " undeveloped countries", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa765": " A house that provides less utility to a millionaire", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa766": " summer home than it would to a homeless family of five, is an example of reduced \"distributive efficiency\"", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa767": " a millionaire as a summer home than it would to a homeless family of five, is an example of reduced \"distributive efficiency\"", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa768": " A house that provides less utility to a millionaire as a summer home", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa769": " additional dollar spent by a poor person will go to things providing a great deal of utility to that person", "572a0c541d046914007796f3": "Conservative researchers have argued that income inequality is not significant because consumption, rather than income should be the measure of inequality", "572a0c541d046914007796f4": "Conservative researchers have argued that income inequality is not significant because consumption, rather than income should be the measure of inequality", "572a0c541d046914007796f5": "Conservative researchers have argued that income inequality is not significant because consumption, rather than income should be the measure of inequality", "572a0c541d046914007796f6": "Conservative researchers have argued that income inequality is not significant because consumption, rather than income should be the measure of inequality", "572a0c541d046914007796f7": "Conservative researchers have argued that income inequality is not significant because consumption, rather than income should be the measure of inequality", "572a0d21af94a219006aa783": " political pressure has developed to extend easier credit to the lower and middle income earners \u2013 particularly to buy homes", "572a0d21af94a219006aa784": " political pressure has developed to extend easier credit to the lower and middle income earners", "572a0d21af94a219006aa785": " political pressure has developed to extend easier credit to the lower and middle income earners \u2013 particularly to buy homes", "572a0d21af94a219006aa786": " political pressure has developed to extend easier credit to the lower and middle income earners", "572a0d21af94a219006aa787": " political pressure has developed to extend easier credit to the lower and middle income earners", "572a0e0e1d04691400779707": " a number of interrelated economic, social, and political channels", "572a0e0e1d04691400779708": " a number of interrelated economic, social, and political channels", "572a0e0e1d04691400779709": " a number of interrelated economic, social, and political channels", "572a0e0e1d0469140077970a": " a number of interrelated economic, social, and political channels", "572a0e0e1d0469140077970b": " a number of interrelated economic, social, and political channels", "572a0ecb1d04691400779717": " social dislocation", "572a0ecb1d04691400779718": " social dislocation, unrest and conflict", "572a0ecb1d04691400779719": " social dislocation, unrest and conflict", "572a0ecb1d0469140077971a": " social dislocation, unrest and conflict", "572a0ecb1d0469140077971b": " social dislocation", "572a1046af94a219006aa78d": " Joseph Stiglitz presented evidence in 2009 that both global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth by limiting aggregate demand", "572a1046af94a219006aa78e": " Joseph Stiglitz presented evidence in 2009 that both global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth by limiting aggregate demand", "572a1046af94a219006aa78f": " rich people who could save a greater proportion of their income than the poor", "572a1046af94a219006aa790": " Joseph Stiglitz presented evidence in 2009 that both global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth by limiting aggregate demand", "572a1046af94a219006aa791": " rich people who could save a greater proportion of their income than the poor", "572a11663f37b31900478693": " Zeira showed that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation", "572a11663f37b31900478694": " Galor and Zeira showed that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation", "572a11663f37b31900478695": " Galor and Zeira showed that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation", "572a11663f37b31900478696": " Galor and Zeira showed that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation", "572a11663f37b31900478697": " Galor and Zeira showed that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation", "572a12381d0469140077972d": " A study of Swedish counties between 1960 and 2000 found a positive impact of inequality on growth with lead times of five years", "572a12381d0469140077972e": " A study of Swedish counties between 1960 and 2000 found a positive impact of inequality on growth with lead times of five years", "572a12381d0469140077972c": " A study of Swedish counties between 1960 and 2000 found a positive impact of inequality on growth with lead times of five years or less", "572a12381d0469140077972b": " A study of Swedish counties between 1960 and 2000 found a positive impact of inequality on growth with lead times of five years", "572a12381d0469140077972f": " A study of Swedish counties between 1960 and 2000 found a positive impact of inequality on growth with lead times of five years", "572a13841d0469140077973b": " Kuznets curve hypothesis, which states that with economic development, inequality first increases, then decreases. Economist Thomas Piketty challenges this notion", "572a13841d0469140077973c": "violent economic and political shocks\" reduced inequality", "572a13841d0469140077973d": " Economist Thomas Piketty challenges this notion", "572a13841d0469140077973e": "violent economic and political shocks\" reduced inequality", "572a13841d0469140077973f": " Economist Thomas Piketty challenges this notion", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7df": " A 2013 report on Nigeria suggests that growth has risen with increased income inequality", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e0": " A 2013 report on Nigeria suggests that growth has risen with increased income inequality", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e1": " A 2013 report on Nigeria suggests that growth has risen with increased income inequality", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e2": " A 2013 report on Nigeria suggests that growth has risen with increased income inequality", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e3": " A 2013 report on Nigeria suggests that growth has risen with increased income inequality", "572a1a5c6aef051400155284": " a country with a growth rate of 2% per head and 40% of its population living in poverty, can halve poverty in ten years", "572a1a5c6aef051400155285": " special efforts must be made to ensure poorer sections of society are able to participate in economic growth. The effect of economic growth on poverty reduction", "572a1a5c6aef051400155286": " a country with a growth rate of 2% per head and 40% of its population living in poverty, can halve poverty in ten years", "572a1a5c6aef051400155287": " The effect of economic growth on poverty reduction \u2013 the growth elasticity of poverty \u2013 can depend on the existing level of inequality", "572a1a5c6aef051400155288": " special efforts must be made to ensure poorer sections of society are able to participate in economic growth. The effect of economic growth on poverty reduction", "572a1ba46aef05140015528e": " 14 years to build on government land", "572a1ba46aef05140015528f": " 14 years to build on government land. Other causes of extra-legal property are failures to notarize transaction documents", "572a1ba46aef051400155290": " 200 steps and up to 14 years to build on government land", "572a1ba46aef051400155291": " 200 steps and up to 14 years to build on government land. Other causes of extra-legal property are failures to notarize transaction documents", "572a1ba46aef051400155292": " 200 steps and up to 14 years to build on government land", "572a1c943f37b319004786e1": " East New York, rental prices increased rapidly as landlords found new residents willing to pay higher market rate for housing and left lower income families without rental units", "572a1c943f37b319004786e2": " East New York, rental prices increased rapidly as landlords found new residents willing to pay higher market rate for housing and left lower income families without rental units", "572a1c943f37b319004786e3": " East New York, rental prices increased rapidly as landlords found new residents willing to pay higher market rate for housing and left lower income families without rental units", "572a1c943f37b319004786e4": " income inequality. David Rodda noted that from 1984 and 1991, the number of quality rental units decreased as the demand for higher quality housing increased", "572a1c943f37b319004786e5": " East New York, rental prices increased rapidly as landlords found new residents willing to pay higher market rate for housing and left lower income families without rental units", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f5": " consumption describes the process of middle income earners aspiring to achieve the standards of living enjoyed by their wealthier counterparts", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f6": " consumption describes the process of middle income earners aspiring to achieve the standards of living enjoyed by their wealthier counterparts", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f7": " debt. The result leads to even greater inequality and potential economic instability", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f8": " aspirational consumption describes the process of middle income earners aspiring to achieve the standards of living enjoyed by their wealthier counterparts", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f9": " consumption describes the process of middle income earners aspiring to achieve the standards of living enjoyed by their wealthier counterparts", "572a1f086aef0514001552c0": " Environmental Kuznets Curve", "572a1f086aef0514001552c1": " Environmental Kuznets Curve", "572a1f086aef0514001552c2": " Environmental Kuznets Curve", "572a1f086aef0514001552c3": " Environmental Kuznets Curve", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d0": " capital equipment", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d1": " capital equipment", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d2": " a situation where a small portion of the population lives off unearned property income by virtue of ownership titles in capital equipment", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d3": " capital equipment", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d4": "ists attribute the vast disparities in wealth to the private ownership of the means of production by a class of owners", "572a20816aef0514001552e4": " A Theory of Justice", "572a20816aef0514001552e5": " A Theory of Justice", "572a20816aef0514001552e6": " a certain amount of redistribution would be justified to compensate for this force but not because of the inequalities themselves. John Rawls argued in A Theory of Justice", "572a20816aef0514001552e7": " a certain amount of redistribution would be justified to compensate for this force but not because of the inequalities themselves. John Rawls argued in A Theory of Justice", "572a20816aef0514001552e8": " a certain amount of redistribution would be justified to compensate for this force but not because of the inequalities themselves. John Rawls argued in A Theory of Justice", "572a213e6aef0514001552ee": " human development approach \u2013 looks at income inequality and poverty as form of \u201ccapability deprivation", "572a213e6aef0514001552ef": " economic growth and income are considered a means to an end rather than the end itself", "572a213e6aef0514001552f0": " neoliberalism, which \u201cdefines well-being as utility maximization", "572a213e6aef0514001552f1": " income inequality and poverty as form of \u201ccapability deprivation\u201d. Unlike neoliberalism", "572a213e6aef0514001552f2": " \u201ccapability deprivation\u201d", "572a2224af94a219006aa823": " the area that prevents people from going to work for fear of their lives", "572a2224af94a219006aa824": " the area that prevents people from going to work for fear of their lives", "572a2224af94a219006aa825": " the area that prevents people from going to work for fear of their lives", "572a2224af94a219006aa826": " the area that prevents people from going to work for fear of their lives", "572a2224af94a219006aa827": " the area that prevents people from going to work for fear of their lives", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e2": "ravelling space ship. Its exterior appears as a blue British police box, which was a common sight in Britain in 1963", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e3": "fiction television programme produced by the BBC since 1963", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e4": "ravelling space ship. Its exterior appears as a blue British police box", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e5": "ravelling space ship. Its exterior appears as a blue British police box", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e6": "ravelling space ship. Its exterior appears as a blue British police box, which was a common sight in Britain in 1963", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f2": "aunched in 2005 by Russell T Davies", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f3": " pilot, in the form of a television film. The programme was relaunched in 2005 by Russell T Davies", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f4": " 2005 by Russell T Davies", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f5": " 2005 by Russell T Davies", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f6": " 2005 by Russell T Davies", "5727f18c3acd2414000df063": "elve actors have headlined the series as the Doctor. The transition from one actor to another is written into the plot of the show", "5727f18c3acd2414000df064": "elve actors have headlined the series as the Doctor. The transition from one actor to another is written into the plot of the show", "5727f18c3acd2414000df065": " met each other. Peter Capaldi", "5727f18c3acd2414000df066": " met each other. Peter Capaldi", "5727f18c3acd2414000df067": " a new incarnation", "5727f2583acd2414000df087": " Mark I Type 40 TARDIS \u2013 \"Time and Relative Dimension in Space\"", "5727f2583acd2414000df088": " Gallifrey in a stolen Mark I Type 40 TARDIS \u2013 \"Time and Relative Dimension in Space\"", "5727f2583acd2414000df089": " Mark I Type 40 TARDIS \u2013 \"Time and Relative Dimension in Space\"", "5727f2583acd2414000df08a": " Mark I Type 40 TARDIS \u2013 \"Time and Relative Dimension in Space\"", "5727f2583acd2414000df08b": " Mark I Type 40 TARDIS \u2013 \"Time and Relative Dimension in Space\"", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a5": " minimal resources, such as his versatile sonic screwdriver", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a6": " Cybermen, and the Master, another renegade Time Lord", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a7": " minimal resources, such as his versatile sonic screwdriver", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a8": " minimal resources, such as his versatile sonic screwdriver", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a9": " minimal resources, such as his versatile sonic screwdriver", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a32": " 17:16:20 GMT, eighty seconds after the scheduled programme time, 5:15 pm, on Saturday, 23 November 1963", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a33": " 17:16:20 GMT, eighty seconds after the scheduled programme time, 5:15 pm, on Saturday, 23 November 1963", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a34": " 17:16:20 GMT, eighty seconds after the scheduled programme time, 5:15 pm, on Saturday, 23 November 1963", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a35": " 17:16:20 GMT, eighty seconds after the scheduled programme time, 5:15 pm, on Saturday, 23 November 1963", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a36": " 17:16:20 GMT, eighty seconds after the scheduled programme time, 5:15 pm, on Saturday, 23 November 1963", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a44": " 26 seasons", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a45": " 26 seasons", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a46": " 26 seasons", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a47": " 26 seasons, broadcast on BBC 1", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a48": " 26 seasons", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9956": " Fox Network in 1996 as a co-production between Fox, Universal Pictures, the BBC and BBC Worldwide", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9957": " Fox Network in 1996 as a co-production between Fox, Universal Pictures, the BBC and BBC Worldwide", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9958": " Fox Network in 1996 as a co-production between Fox, Universal Pictures, the BBC and BBC Worldwide", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9959": " Fox Network in 1996 as a co-production between Fox, Universal Pictures, the BBC and BBC Worldwide", "5727f678ff5b5019007d995a": " July 1989", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9960": " 26 March 2005", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9961": " 26 March 2005", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9963": " 26 March 2005", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9964": " 26 March 2005. There have since been nine further series in 2006\u20132008 and 2010\u20132015, and Christmas Day specials every year since 2005", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9962": " 26 March 2005", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7c": " Battlestar Galactica and Bionic Woman[citation needed]) or set in the same universe", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7d": " Battlestar Galactica and Bionic Woman[citation needed]) or set in the same universe", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7e": " Battlestar Galactica and Bionic Woman[citation needed]) or set in the same universe", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7f": " Battlestar Galactica and Bionic Woman[citation needed]) or set in the same universe", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a80": " Battlestar Galactica and Bionic Woman[citation needed]) or set in the same universe", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164160": " 30 November 1963", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164161": " 30 November 1963", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164162": " 30 November 1963", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164163": " 30 November 1963", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164164": " 30 November 1963", "5727fdb94b864d190016417c": "series behaviour of children who wanted to avoid seeing frightening parts of a television programme", "5727fdb94b864d190016417d": " frightening parts of a television programme", "5727fdb94b864d190016417e": " Digital Spy deemed the series the \"scariest TV show of all time", "5727fdb94b864d190016417f": " frightening parts of a television programme", "5727fdb94b864d1900164180": " electronic theme music too was perceived as eerie, novel, and frightening", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a1": " family viewing", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a2": " unsuitable\" for family viewing", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a3": " family viewing", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a4": " family viewing", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a5": " family viewing", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8c": " blue police box design", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8d": " TARDIS' blue police box design", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8e": " TARDIS has become firmly linked to the show in the public's consciousness; BBC script", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8f": " TARDIS' blue police box design", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a90": " blue police box design", "572800b03acd2414000df1f1": " 23 November 1963", "572800b03acd2414000df1f2": " 23 November 1963", "572800b03acd2414000df1f3": " 23 November 1963", "572800b03acd2414000df1f4": " 23 November 1963", "572800b03acd2414000df1f5": " 23 November 1963", "572801823acd2414000df1fb": " 13 45-minute, self-contained episodes", "572801823acd2414000df1fc": " 13 45-minute, self-contained episodes (60 minutes with adverts, on overseas commercial channels), and an extended episode broadcast on Christmas Day", "572801823acd2414000df1fd": " 13 45-minute, self-contained episodes (60 minutes with adverts, on overseas commercial channels), and an extended episode broadcast on Christmas Day", "572801823acd2414000df1fe": " 13 45-minute, self-contained episodes (60 minutes with adverts, on overseas commercial channels), and an extended episode broadcast on Christmas Day", "572801823acd2414000df1ff": " 13 45-minute, self-contained episodes", "5728023a4b864d19001641f4": " 25-minute episodes", "5728023a4b864d19001641f5": " 25-minute episodes", "5728023a4b864d19001641f6": " 25-minute episodes (the most common format), 45-minute episodes (for Resurrection of the Daleks", "5728023a4b864d19001641f7": " 25-minute episodes (the most common format), 45-minute episodes (for Resurrection of the Daleks", "5728023a4b864d19001641f8": " 25-minute episodes (the most common format), 45-minute episodes (for Resurrection of the Daleks", "572803493acd2414000df229": " 97 of 253 episodes produced during the first six years of the programme", "572803493acd2414000df22a": " 97 of 253 episodes produced during the first six years of the programme are not held in the BBC's archives", "572803493acd2414000df22b": " 97 of 253 episodes produced during the first six years of the programme are not held in the BBC's archives", "572803493acd2414000df22c": " broadcast quality. This included many old episodes of Doctor Who, mostly stories featuring the first two Doctors: William Hartnell and Patrick Troughton", "572803493acd2414000df22d": " 97 of 253 episodes produced during the first six years of the programme are not held in the BBC's archives", "572804522ca10214002d9b94": " private individuals who acquired them by various means. Early colour videotape recordings made off-air by fans", "572804522ca10214002d9b95": " various means. Early colour videotape recordings made off-air by fans", "572804522ca10214002d9b97": " private individuals who acquired them by various means. Early colour videotape recordings made off-air by fans", "572804522ca10214002d9b96": " various means. Early colour videotape recordings made off-air by fans", "572804522ca10214002d9b98": " broadcast, or by private individuals who acquired them by various means. Early colour videotape recordings made off-air by fans", "572805363acd2414000df26d": " serial's DVD release in November 2006", "572805363acd2414000df26e": " serial's DVD release in November 2006", "572805363acd2414000df26f": " serial's DVD release in November 2006", "572805363acd2414000df270": " serial's DVD release in November 2006", "572805363acd2414000df271": " serial's DVD release in November 2006", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b42": " Hartnell", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b43": " Hartnell", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b44": " Hartnell", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b45": " Hartnell", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b46": " Hartnell", "572808bf4b864d190016429a": " 12 times, for a total of 13 incarnations", "572808bf4b864d190016429b": " 13 incarnations", "572808bf4b864d190016429c": " 13 incarnations", "572808bf4b864d190016429d": " 13 incarnations", "572808bf4b864d190016429e": " 13 incarnations", "572809ab4b864d19001642ae": " 1986 serial The Trial of a Time Lord", "572809ab4b864d19001642af": " 1986 serial The Trial of a Time Lord", "572809ab4b864d19001642b0": " Eccleston", "572809ab4b864d19001642b1": " Eccleston", "572809ab4b864d19001642b2": " 1986 serial The Trial of a Time Lord", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c66": " Hartnell. Patrick Troughton again returned in 1985's The Two Doctors", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c67": " Hartnell. Patrick Troughton again returned in 1985's The Two Doctors", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c68": " Hartnell. Patrick Troughton again returned in 1985's The Two Doctors", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c6a": " Hartnell. Patrick Troughton again returned in 1985's The Two Doctors", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c69": " Hartnell. Patrick Troughton again returned in 1985's The Two Doctors", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca8": " Four Doctors", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca9": " archive recordings", "57280cac2ca10214002d9caa": " 1999 audio adventure The Sirens of Time", "57280cac2ca10214002d9cab": " Four Doctors", "57280cac2ca10214002d9cac": " 1999 audio adventure The Sirens of Time", "57280e323acd2414000df349": " Mawdryn Undead (1983), the Fifth Doctor explicitly confirmed that he was then currently in his fifth incarnation", "57280e323acd2414000df34a": " Mawdryn Undead (1983), the Fifth Doctor explicitly confirmed that he was then currently in his fifth incarnation", "57280e323acd2414000df34b": " Mawdryn Undead (1983), the Fifth Doctor explicitly confirmed that he was then currently in his fifth incarnation", "57280e323acd2414000df34c": " Mawdryn Undead (1983), the Fifth Doctor explicitly confirmed that he was then currently in his fifth incarnation", "57280e323acd2414000df34d": " Mawdryn Undead (1983), the Fifth Doctor explicitly confirmed that he was then currently in his fifth incarnation", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35b": " 1967 serial, Tomb of the Cybermen", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35c": " 1967 serial, Tomb of the Cybermen", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35d": " 1967 serial, Tomb of the Cybermen", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35e": " 1967 serial, Tomb of the Cybermen", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35f": "Smith and Jones\"", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c30": " in 1963", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c31": " in 1963", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c33": " companion figure \u2013 generally a human \u2013 has been a constant feature in Doctor Who since the programme's inception in 1963", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c34": " in 1963", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c32": " Chesterton", "572811434b864d190016438c": "Noel Clarke) and Jack Harkness", "572811434b864d190016438d": "Noel Clarke) and Jack Harkness", "572811434b864d190016438e": "Noel Clarke) and Jack Harkness", "572811434b864d190016438f": "Noel Clarke) and Jack Harkness", "572811434b864d1900164390": "Noel Clarke) and Jack Harkness", "572812142ca10214002d9d2a": " Cybermen", "572812142ca10214002d9d2b": " Cybermen", "572812142ca10214002d9d2c": " Cybermen", "572812142ca10214002d9d2d": " Cybermen", "572812142ca10214002d9d2e": " Cybermen in series 2, the Macra and the Master in series 3, the Sontarans and Davros in series 4", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c80": " Skaro", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c81": " Skaro", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c82": " Skaro", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c83": " Skaro", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c84": " Skaro", "572813b52ca10214002d9d68": " archenemy, a renegade Time Lord", "572813b52ca10214002d9d69": " 1973. The Master was briefly played by Peter Pratt and Geoffrey Beevers", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6a": " 1973. The Master was briefly played by Peter Pratt and Geoffrey Beevers", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6b": " 1973. The Master was briefly played by Peter Pratt and Geoffrey Beevers", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6c": " 1973. The Master was briefly played by Peter Pratt and Geoffrey Beevers", "572814882ca10214002d9d72": " Tenth Doctor's tenure. As of the 2014 episode \"Dark Water,\" it was revealed that the Master had become a female incarnation", "572814882ca10214002d9d73": " Tenth Doctor's tenure. As of the 2014 episode \"Dark Water,\" it was revealed that the Master had become a female incarnation", "572814882ca10214002d9d74": " Tenth Doctor's tenure. As of the 2014 episode \"Dark Water,\" it was revealed that the Master had become a female incarnation", "572814882ca10214002d9d75": " Tenth Doctor's tenure. As of the 2014 episode \"Dark Water,\" it was revealed that the Master had become a female incarnation", "572814882ca10214002d9d76": " Tenth Doctor's tenure. As of the 2014 episode \"Dark Water,\" it was revealed that the Master had become a female incarnation", "572816213acd2414000df429": " season 17 (1979\u201380). It is regarded as a significant and innovative piece of electronic music", "572816213acd2414000df42a": " season 17 (1979\u201380). It is regarded as a significant and innovative piece of electronic music", "572816213acd2414000df42b": " Delia Derbyshire of the BBC Radiophonic Workshop", "572816213acd2414000df42c": " Ron Grainer and realised by Delia Derbyshire of the BBC Radiophonic Workshop", "572816213acd2414000df42d": " Ron Grainer and realised by Delia Derbyshire of the BBC Radiophonic Workshop", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db0": " Dominic Glynn's arrangement for the season-long serial The Trial of a Time Lord in season 23", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db1": " Dominic Glynn's arrangement for the season-long serial The Trial of a Time Lord in season 23", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db2": " Seventh Doctor's era which lasted from season 24 (1987) until the series' suspension in 1989", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db3": " Dominic Glynn's arrangement for the season-long serial The Trial of a Time Lord in season 23", "572817802ca10214002d9db4": " Seventh Doctor's era which lasted from season 24 (1987) until the series' suspension in 1989", "5728185f3acd2414000df45b": " Classic FM", "5728185f3acd2414000df45d": " Classic FM", "5728185f3acd2414000df45c": " Classic FM", "5728185f3acd2414000df45e": " Classic FM", "5728185f3acd2414000df45f": " Classic FM", "572819864b864d190016447e": " No. 1 in the UK and No. 2 in Australia", "572819864b864d190016447f": " No. 1 in the UK and No. 2 in Australia", "572819864b864d1900164480": " No. 1 in the UK and No. 2 in Australia", "572819864b864d1900164481": " No. 1 in the UK and No. 2 in Australia", "572819864b864d1900164482": " No. 1 in the UK and No. 2 in Australia", "57281a952ca10214002d9dea": " Tomorrow People. Simpson's first Doctor Who score was Planet of Giants (1964)", "57281a952ca10214002d9deb": " Tomorrow People. Simpson's first Doctor Who score was Planet of Giants", "57281a952ca10214002d9dec": " Tomorrow People. Simpson's first Doctor Who score was Planet of Giants (1964)", "57281a952ca10214002d9ded": " Tomorrow People. Simpson's first Doctor Who score was Planet of Giants (1964)", "57281a952ca10214002d9dee": " Tomorrow People. Simpson's first Doctor Who score was Planet of Giants", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfa": " Cybermen appeared whilst music from their stories was played. The concert aired on BBCi on Christmas Day 2006", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfb": " Daleks and Cybermen appeared whilst music from their stories was played. The concert aired on BBCi on Christmas Day 2006", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfc": " Cybermen appeared whilst music from their stories was played. The concert aired on BBCi on Christmas Day 2006", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfd": " Cybermen appeared whilst music from their stories was played. The concert aired on BBCi on Christmas Day 2006", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfe": " Cybermen appeared whilst music from their stories was played. The concert aired on BBCi on Christmas Day 2006", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1e": " 4 October 2010", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1f": " 4 October 2010", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e20": " 4 October 2010", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e21": " 4 October 2010", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e22": " 4 October 2010", "57281f203acd2414000df4f5": " Second Doctor) was reused in a slightly modified format for the 50th anniversary special \"The Day of the Doctor\"", "57281f203acd2414000df4f6": " TARDIS insignia removed", "57281f203acd2414000df4f7": "venth Doctor's run. The logo used in the television movie featuring the Eighth Doctor", "57281f203acd2414000df4f8": "venth Doctor's run. The logo used in the television movie featuring the Eighth Doctor was an updated version of the logo used for the Third Doctor", "57281f203acd2414000df4f9": "th anniversary special \"The Day of the Doctor\"", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9c": "a 1964\u20131965", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9d": " three notable periods of high ratings. The first of these was the \"Dalekmania\" period (circa 1964\u20131965", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9e": "a 1964\u20131965", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9f": "a 1964\u20131965", "57282036ff5b5019007d9da0": " three notable periods of high ratings. The first of these was the \"Dalekmania\" period (circa 1964\u20131965", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db2": " 16 million.[citation needed] Figures remained respectable into the 1980s", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db3": " 16 million.[citation needed] Figures remained respectable into the 1980s", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db4": " 16 million.[citation needed] Figures remained respectable into the 1980s", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db5": " 16 million.[citation needed] Figures remained respectable into the 1980s", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db6": " 16 million.[citation needed] Figures remained respectable into the 1980s", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd4": " 23 November (the actual date of the anniversary) on a number of PBS stations two days prior to its BBC One broadcast", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd5": " 23 November (the actual date of the anniversary)", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd6": " 23 November (the actual date of the anniversary)", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd7": " 23 November (the actual date of the anniversary)", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd8": " 23 November (the actual date of the anniversary) on a number of PBS stations two days prior to its BBC One broadcast", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed6": " January 1965", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed7": " January 1965", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed8": " January 1965", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed9": " January 1965", "5728245b2ca10214002d9eda": " January 1965", "572825714b864d1900164590": " 24 in 1991", "572825714b864d1900164591": " 24 in 1991", "572825714b864d1900164592": " 24 in 1991", "572825714b864d1900164593": " 24 in 1991", "572825714b864d1900164594": "Ontario picked up the show in 1976 beginning with The Three Doctors", "572826762ca10214002d9f2c": " 26 December 2005, Billie Piper recorded a special video introduction. CBC began airing series two on 9 October 2006", "572826762ca10214002d9f2d": " 26 December 2005, Billie Piper recorded a special video introduction. CBC began airing series two on 9 October 2006", "572826762ca10214002d9f2e": " 26 December 2005, Billie Piper recorded a special video introduction. CBC began airing series two on 9 October 2006", "572826762ca10214002d9f2f": " 26 December 2005, Billie Piper recorded a special video introduction. CBC began airing series two on 9 October 2006", "572826762ca10214002d9f30": " 26 December 2005, Billie Piper recorded a special video introduction. CBC began airing series two on 9 October 2006", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e26": " Laserdisc", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e27": " Eight original series serials have been released on Laserdisc", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e28": " Laserdisc", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e29": " Laserdisc", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e2a": " Laserdisc", "572828383acd2414000df5c3": " Trevor Martin played the role in Doctor Who and the Daleks in the Seven Keys to Doomsday", "572828383acd2414000df5c4": " Trevor Martin played the role in Doctor Who and the Daleks in the Seven Keys to Doomsday", "572828383acd2414000df5c5": " Trevor Martin played the role in Doctor Who and the Daleks in the Seven Keys to Doomsday", "572828383acd2414000df5c6": " Trevor Martin played the role in Doctor Who and the Daleks in the Seven Keys to Doomsday", "572828383acd2414000df5c7": " Trevor Martin played the role in Doctor Who and the Daleks in the Seven Keys to Doomsday", "572829532ca10214002d9fa2": " 22 October 2006", "572829532ca10214002d9fa3": " 22 October 2006", "572829532ca10214002d9fa4": " 22 October 2006", "572829532ca10214002d9fa5": " 22 October 2006", "572829532ca10214002d9fa6": " 22 October 2006", "57282f204b864d190016468a": " Sladen who reprised her role as investigative journalist Sarah Jane Smith, was developed by CBBC; a special aired on New Year's Day 2007", "57282f204b864d190016468b": " CBBC; a special aired on New Year's Day 2007", "57282f204b864d190016468c": " Sladen who reprised her role as investigative journalist Sarah Jane Smith, was developed by CBBC; a special aired on New Year's Day 2007", "57282f204b864d190016468d": " Sladen who reprised her role as investigative journalist Sarah Jane Smith, was developed by CBBC; a special aired on New Year's Day 2007", "57282f204b864d190016468e": " Sladen who reprised her role as investigative journalist Sarah Jane Smith, was developed by CBBC; a special aired on New Year's Day 2007", "5728303e4b864d19001646aa": " EastEnders, the action taking place in the latter's Albert Square location", "5728303e4b864d19001646ab": " action taking place in the latter's Albert Square location", "5728303e4b864d19001646ac": " EastEnders, the action taking place in the latter's Albert Square location", "5728303e4b864d19001646ad": " action taking place in the latter's Albert Square location", "5728303e4b864d19001646ae": " action taking place in the latter's Albert Square location", "572831512ca10214002da04a": " serial format", "572831512ca10214002da04b": " serial format", "572831512ca10214002da04c": " serial format", "572831512ca10214002da04d": " serial format", "572831512ca10214002da04e": " Moffat", "572833662ca10214002da086": " Adult Swim comedy show Robot Chicken, the Family Guy episodes \"Blue Harvest\" and \"420\", and the game RuneScape", "572833662ca10214002da087": " Adult Swim comedy show Robot Chicken, the Family Guy episodes \"Blue Harvest\" and \"420\", and the game RuneScape", "572833662ca10214002da088": " Adult Swim comedy show Robot Chicken, the Family Guy episodes \"Blue Harvest\" and \"420\", and the game RuneScape", "572833662ca10214002da089": " Channel 4 series Queer as Folk", "572833662ca10214002da08a": " Adult Swim comedy show Robot Chicken, the Family Guy episodes \"Blue Harvest\" and \"420\", and the game RuneScape", "572834524b864d1900164716": " abridged reading of the Fourth Doctor story State of Decay in 1981", "572834524b864d1900164717": " abridged reading of the Fourth Doctor story State of Decay in 1981", "572834524b864d1900164718": " abridged reading of the Fourth Doctor story State of Decay in 1981", "572834524b864d1900164719": " abridged reading of the Fourth Doctor story State of Decay in 1981", "572834524b864d190016471a": " abridged reading of the Fourth Doctor story State of Decay in 1981", "572835854b864d190016472e": " Eight Doctor joining the line in 2001. Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor began appearing for Big Finish in 2012", "572835854b864d190016472f": " Eight Doctor joining the line in 2001. Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor began appearing for Big Finish in 2012", "572835854b864d1900164730": " Eight Doctor joining the line in 2001. Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor began appearing for Big Finish in 2012", "572835854b864d1900164731": " Eight Doctor joining the line in 2001. Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor began appearing for Big Finish in 2012", "572835854b864d1900164732": " Eight Doctor joining the line in 2001. Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor began appearing for Big Finish in 2012", "572836732ca10214002da0dc": " Panini, as is the Doctor Who Adventures magazine for younger fans", "572836732ca10214002da0dd": " Panini, as is the Doctor Who Adventures magazine for younger fans", "572836732ca10214002da0de": " Panini, as is the Doctor Who Adventures magazine for younger fans", "572836732ca10214002da0df": " Panini, as is the Doctor Who Adventures magazine for younger fans", "572836732ca10214002da0e0": " Panini, as is the Doctor Who Adventures magazine for younger fans", "572837402ca10214002da0f4": " a myriad of stories have been published about Doctor Who, in different media: apart from the actual television episodes that continue to be produced by the BBC", "572837402ca10214002da0f5": " in the early 1960s, a myriad of stories have been published about Doctor Who", "572837402ca10214002da0f6": " a myriad of stories have been published about Doctor Who, in different media: apart from the actual television episodes that continue to be produced by the BBC", "572837402ca10214002da0f7": " a myriad of stories have been published about Doctor Who, in different media: apart from the actual television episodes that continue to be produced by the BBC", "572838323acd2414000df737": " Matt Smith became the first Doctor to be nominated for a BAFTA Television Award for Best Actor", "572838323acd2414000df738": " Matt Smith became the first Doctor to be nominated for a BAFTA Television Award for Best Actor", "572838323acd2414000df739": " Matt Smith became the first Doctor to be nominated for a BAFTA Television Award for Best Actor", "572838323acd2414000df73a": " Matt Smith became the first Doctor to be nominated for a BAFTA Television Award for Best Actor", "572838323acd2414000df73b": " Matt Smith became the first Doctor to be nominated for a BAFTA Television Award for Best Actor", "57283a392ca10214002da118": " Peabody Awards honoured Doctor Who with an Institutional Peabody \"for evolving with technology and the times like nothing else in the known television universe", "57283a392ca10214002da119": " Peabody Awards honoured Doctor Who with an Institutional Peabody \"for evolving with technology and the times like nothing else in the known television universe", "57283a392ca10214002da11a": "abody \"for evolving with technology and the times like nothing else in the known television universe.\" The programme is listed in Guinness World Records", "57283a392ca10214002da11b": " Peabody \"for evolving with technology and the times like nothing else in the known television universe.\" The programme is listed in Guinness World Records", "57283a392ca10214002da11c": "abody \"for evolving with technology and the times like nothing else in the known television universe.\" The programme is listed in Guinness World Records", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa4": " 20th century", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa5": " 20th century", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa6": " 20th century", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa7": " 20th century", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa8": " 20th century", "57283ce72ca10214002da14c": " Channel 4, behind Top Gear and The Apprentice", "57283ce72ca10214002da14d": " Channel 4, behind Top Gear and The Apprentice", "57283ce72ca10214002da14e": " Channel 4, behind Top Gear and The Apprentice", "57283ce72ca10214002da14f": " Channel 4, behind Top Gear and The Apprentice", "57283ce72ca10214002da150": " Channel 4, behind Top Gear and The Apprentice", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc6": " Short Form of the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc7": " Short Form of the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc8": " Short Form of the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc9": " Matt Smith won Best Actor in the 2012 National Television awards", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fca": " Short Form of the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation", "57283e652ca10214002da166": "ooned on programs such as Saturday Night Live, The Chaser's War on Everything", "57283e652ca10214002da167": "ooned on programs such as Saturday Night Live, The Chaser's War on Everything", "57283e652ca10214002da168": "ooned on programs such as Saturday Night Live, The Chaser's War on Everything", "57283e652ca10214002da16a": "ooned on programs such as Saturday Night Live, The Chaser's War on Everything", "57283e652ca10214002da169": "ooned on programs such as Saturday Night Live, The Chaser's War on Everything", "57283c464b864d19001647c8": " Public Policy Studies, the Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies and the Divinity School. The university currently enrolls approximately 5,000 students", "57283c464b864d19001647c9": " Public Policy Studies, the Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies and the Divinity School. The university currently enrolls approximately 5,000 students", "57283c464b864d19001647ca": " Public Policy Studies, the Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies and the Divinity School. The university currently enrolls approximately 5,000 students", "57283c464b864d19001647cb": " Public Policy Studies, the Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies and the Divinity School. The university currently enrolls approximately 5,000 students", "57283c464b864d19001647cc": " Public Policy Studies, the Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies and the Divinity School. The university currently enrolls approximately 5,000 students", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbc": " Fermilab and Argonne National Laboratory, as well as the Marine Biological Laboratory. The university is also home to the University of Chicago Press", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbd": " Fermilab and Argonne National Laboratory, as well as the Marine Biological Laboratory. The university is also home to the University of Chicago Press", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbe": " Fermilab and Argonne National Laboratory, as well as the Marine Biological Laboratory. The university is also home to the University of Chicago Press", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbf": " Fermilab and Argonne National Laboratory", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fc0": " Fermilab and Argonne National Laboratory, as well as the Marine Biological Laboratory. The university is also home to the University of Chicago Press", "57283f014b864d19001647e8": " Rainey Harper became the university's first president in 1891", "57283f014b864d19001647e9": " 1891", "57283f014b864d19001647ea": " 1891", "57283f014b864d19001647eb": " Rainey Harper became the university's first president in 1891", "57283f014b864d19001647ec": " oil magnate and wealthiest man in history John D. Rockefeller, the University of Chicago was incorporated in 1890", "57284142ff5b5019007da00a": " oil magnate and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller", "57284142ff5b5019007da00b": " oil magnate and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller", "57284142ff5b5019007da00c": " oil magnate and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller", "57284142ff5b5019007da00d": " oil magnate and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller", "57284142ff5b5019007da00e": " oil magnate and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller", "572843304b864d1900164848": " Kalamazoo College, Butler University, and Stetson University. In 1896, the university affiliated with Shimer College in Mount Carroll, Illinois", "572843304b864d1900164849": " Kalamazoo College, Butler University, and Stetson University. In 1896, the university affiliated with Shimer College in Mount Carroll, Illinois", "572843304b864d190016484a": " Kalamazoo College, Butler University, and Stetson University. In 1896, the university affiliated with Shimer College in Mount Carroll, Illinois", "572843304b864d190016484b": " Kalamazoo College, Butler University, and Stetson University. In 1896, the university affiliated with Shimer College in Mount Carroll, Illinois", "572843304b864d190016484c": " Kalamazoo College, Butler University, and Stetson University. In 1896, the university affiliated with Shimer College in Mount Carroll, Illinois", "57284456ff5b5019007da05c": " Robert Maynard", "57284456ff5b5019007da060": " four divisions. In 1933, Hutchins proposed an unsuccessful plan to merge the University of Chicago and Northwestern University", "57284456ff5b5019007da05f": " Robert Maynard", "57284456ff5b5019007da05e": " four divisions. In 1933, Hutchins proposed an unsuccessful plan to merge the University of Chicago and Northwestern University", "57284456ff5b5019007da05d": " Robert Maynard", "57284618ff5b5019007da0a8": " urban renewal project for Hyde Park, which profoundly affected both the neighborhood's architecture and street plan", "57284618ff5b5019007da0a9": " urban renewal project for Hyde Park, which profoundly affected both the neighborhood's architecture and street plan", "57284618ff5b5019007da0aa": " urban renewal project for Hyde Park, which profoundly affected both the neighborhood's architecture and street plan", "57284618ff5b5019007da0ab": " urban renewal project for Hyde Park, which profoundly affected both the neighborhood's architecture and street plan", "57284618ff5b5019007da0ac": " urban renewal project for Hyde Park, which profoundly affected both the neighborhood's architecture and street plan", "572847ff3acd2414000df869": " Kalven Report", "572847ff3acd2414000df86a": " Kalven Report", "572847ff3acd2414000df86b": " Kalven Report", "572847ff3acd2414000df86c": " Kalven Report", "572847ff3acd2414000df86d": " Kalven Report", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f2": " $200 million and occupy the buildings of the Chicago Theological Seminary", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f3": " $200 million and occupy the buildings of the Chicago Theological Seminary", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f4": " $200 million and occupy the buildings of the Chicago Theological Seminary", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f5": " $200 million and occupy the buildings of the Chicago Theological Seminary", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f6": " $200 million and occupy the buildings of the Chicago Theological Seminary", "57284b904b864d19001648e2": " Henry Ives Cobb", "57284b904b864d19001648e3": " Henry Ives", "57284b904b864d19001648e4": " Henry Ives Cobb", "57284b904b864d19001648e5": " Henry Ives Cobb", "57284b904b864d19001648e6": " Henry Ives Cobb", "57284d484b864d1900164900": " Saarinen", "57284d484b864d1900164901": " Saarinen was contracted to develop a second master plan", "57284d484b864d1900164902": " Harris School of Public Policy", "57284d484b864d1900164903": " Harris School of Public Policy Studies", "57284d484b864d1900164904": " Harris School of Public Policy Studies", "57284e9fff5b5019007da150": " Booth School of Business maintains campuses in Singapore, London, and the downtown Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago", "57284e9fff5b5019007da151": " Booth School of Business maintains campuses in Singapore, London, and the downtown Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago", "57284e9fff5b5019007da152": " Booth School of Business maintains campuses in Singapore, London, and the downtown Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago", "57284e9fff5b5019007da153": " Booth School of Business maintains campuses in Singapore, London, and the downtown Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago", "57284e9fff5b5019007da154": " Booth School of Business maintains campuses in Singapore, London, and the downtown Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago", "5728501aff5b5019007da166": " Directly beneath the President are the Provost, fourteen Vice Presidents", "5728501aff5b5019007da167": " Directly beneath the President are the Provost, fourteen Vice Presidents", "5728501aff5b5019007da168": " Directly beneath the President are the Provost, fourteen Vice Presidents", "5728501aff5b5019007da169": " August 2009[update], the Chairman of the Board", "5728501aff5b5019007da16a": " Provost in March 2016 by Daniel Diermeier", "5728510f4b864d1900164936": " Fermilab, Argonne National Laboratory, and the Marine Biological Laboratory. The university is accredited by The Higher Learning Commission", "5728510f4b864d1900164937": " professional schools. The university also contains a library system, the University of Chicago Press", "5728510f4b864d1900164938": " Fermilab, Argonne National Laboratory, and the Marine Biological Laboratory", "57285213ff5b5019007da180": " 50 academic majors and 28 minors", "57285213ff5b5019007da181": " 50 academic majors and 28 minors", "57285213ff5b5019007da182": " 50 academic majors and 28 minors", "57285213ff5b5019007da183": " 50 academic majors and 28 minors", "572853e8ff5b5019007da188": " 17 students", "572853e8ff5b5019007da189": " 17 students", "572853e8ff5b5019007da18a": " 17 students", "572853e8ff5b5019007da18b": " 17 students", "572855973acd2414000df925": " charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute", "572855973acd2414000df926": " charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute", "572855973acd2414000df927": " charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute", "572855973acd2414000df928": " charter schools on the South Side of Chicago", "572855973acd2414000df929": " charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute", "572856beff5b5019007da190": " July 8, 2013", "572856beff5b5019007da191": " 9.8 million volumes, the 11th most among library systems in the United States. The university's main library is the Regenstein Library", "572856beff5b5019007da192": " 9.8 million volumes, the 11th most among library systems in the United States. The university's main library is the Regenstein Library", "572856beff5b5019007da193": " July 8, 2013", "572856beff5b5019007da194": " 9.8 million volumes, the 11th most among library systems in the United States. The university's main library is the Regenstein Library", "57285841ff5b5019007da19a": " Argonne National Laboratory, part of the United States Department of Energy's national laboratory system", "57285841ff5b5019007da19b": " Argonne National Laboratory, part of the United States Department of Energy's national laboratory system", "57285841ff5b5019007da19c": " Argonne National Laboratory, part of the United States Department of Energy's national laboratory system", "57285841ff5b5019007da19d": " Argonne National Laboratory, part of the United States Department of Energy's national laboratory system", "57285841ff5b5019007da19e": " Argonne National Laboratory", "57286010ff5b5019007da1ca": " Milton Friedman", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cb": " oil-drop experiment that calculated the charge of the electron, and of the development of radiocarbon dating by Willard F. Libby in 1947", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cc": " Miller\u2013Urey experiment", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cd": " oil-drop experiment that calculated the charge of the electron, and of the development of radiocarbon dating by Willard F. Libby in 1947", "572861cc4b864d190016495e": " since 1933", "572861cc4b864d190016495f": " undergraduates enroll annually in creative and performing arts classes. UChicago is often considered the birthplace of improvisational comedy", "572861cc4b864d1900164960": " undergraduates enroll annually", "572861cc4b864d1900164961": " undergraduates enroll annually", "572861cc4b864d1900164962": "major undergraduates enroll annually in creative and performing arts classes. UChicago is often considered the birthplace of improvisational comedy", "572863363acd2414000df985": " four graduate divisions", "572863363acd2414000df986": "1530, the average MCAT score for entering students in the Pritzker School of Medicine", "572863363acd2414000df987": " four graduate divisions", "572863363acd2414000df988": " four graduate divisions", "572863363acd2414000df989": " four graduate divisions", "572864542ca10214002da2de": " Maroons football player Jay Berwanger became the first winner of the Heisman Trophy", "572864542ca10214002da2df": " University Athletic Association (UAA", "572864542ca10214002da2e0": " NCAA's Division III as members of the University Athletic Association (UAA). The university was a founding member of the Big Ten Conference", "572864542ca10214002da2e1": " Maroons compete in the NCAA's Division III as members of the University Athletic Association", "572864542ca10214002da2e2": " Maroons football player Jay Berwanger became the first winner of the Heisman Trophy", "5728659f4b864d190016498a": " 400 clubs and organizations known as Recognized Student Organizations", "5728659f4b864d190016498b": " Model United Nations team was the top ranked team in North America in 2013-14", "5728659f4b864d190016498c": " Model United Nations team was the top ranked team in North America in 2013-14", "5728659f4b864d190016498d": " Doc Films", "5728659f4b864d190016498e": " Model United Nations team was the top ranked team in North America in 2013-14", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fc": " $2 million", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fd": " $2 million", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fe": " $2 million", "5728667eff5b5019007da1ff": " $2 million", "572867543acd2414000df9a1": " Alpha Phi Omega", "572867543acd2414000df9a2": " Four of the sororities are members of the National Panhellenic Conference", "572867543acd2414000df9a3": " Alpha Phi Omega", "572867543acd2414000df9a4": " Panhellenic Conference, and ten of the fraternities form the University of Chicago Interfraternity Council", "572867543acd2414000df9a5": " Four of the sororities are members of the National Panhellenic Conference", "5728683b3acd2414000df9af": " carnival and concert called Summer Breeze that hosts outside musicians, and is home to Doc Films, a student film society founded in 1932", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b0": " carnival and concert called Summer Breeze that hosts outside musicians, and is home to Doc Films, a student film society founded in 1932", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b1": " carnival and concert called Summer Breeze that hosts outside musicians, and is home to Doc Films, a student film society founded in 1932", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b2": " carnival and concert called Summer Breeze that hosts outside musicians, and is home to Doc Films, a student film society founded in 1932", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b3": " carnival and concert called Summer Breeze that hosts outside musicians, and is home to Doc Films, a student film society founded in 1932", "57286951ff5b5019007da20e": " Satya Nadella, Oracle Corporation founder and the third richest man in America Larry Ellison", "57286951ff5b5019007da20f": " Corzine", "57286951ff5b5019007da210": " Corzine", "57286951ff5b5019007da211": " Satya Nadella, Oracle Corporation founder and the third richest man in America Larry Ellison", "57286951ff5b5019007da212": " Corzine", "57286ab72ca10214002da31e": " Saul Alinsky", "57286ab72ca10214002da31f": " Saul Alinsky", "57286ab72ca10214002da320": " Saul Alinsky", "57286ab72ca10214002da321": " Saul Alinsky", "57286ab72ca10214002da322": " Saul Alinsky", "57286bf84b864d19001649d4": " Saul Bellow, political philosopher, literary critic and author of the New York Times bestseller \"The Closing of the American Mind\" Allan Bloom", "57286bf84b864d19001649d6": " Saul Bellow, political philosopher, literary critic and author of the New York Times bestseller \"The Closing of the American Mind\" Allan Bloom", "57286bf84b864d19001649d2": " Saul Bellow, political philosopher, literary critic and author of the New York Times bestseller \"The Closing of the American Mind", "57286bf84b864d19001649d5": " Saul Bellow, political philosopher, literary critic and author of the New York Times bestseller \"The Closing of the American Mind", "57286bf84b864d19001649d3": " Saul Bellow, political philosopher, literary critic and author of the New York Times bestseller \"The Closing of the American Mind\" Allan Bloom", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e0": " Philip Glass", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e1": " Philip Glass", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e2": " Philip Glass, dancer, choreographer and leader in the field of dance", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e3": " Philip Glass", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e4": " Philip Glass", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d1": " Edwin Hubble, known for \"Hubble's Law\", NASA astronaut John M. Grunsfeld", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d2": " Nuclear physicist and researcher Stanton Friedman", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d3": " Nuclear physicist and researcher Stanton Friedman", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d4": " Edwin Hubble, known for \"Hubble's Law\", NASA astronaut John M. Grunsfeld", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d5": " Grunsfeld, geneticist James Watson, best known as one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA", "572870b2ff5b5019007da222": " social theorist, political philosopher, and author Thomas Sowell", "572870b2ff5b5019007da223": " social theorist, political philosopher, and author Thomas Sowell", "572870b2ff5b5019007da224": " social theorist, political philosopher, and author Thomas Sowell", "572870b2ff5b5019007da225": " social theorist, political philosopher, and author Thomas Sowell", "572871bc4b864d1900164a04": " australopithecine known as \"Lucy\" in the Afar Triangle", "572871bc4b864d1900164a05": " australopithecine known as \"Lucy\" in the Afar Triangle", "572871bc4b864d1900164a06": " australopithecine known as \"Lucy\" in the Afar Triangle region, psychologist John B. Watson", "572872dd2ca10214002da37e": " A. A. Michelson", "572872dd2ca10214002da37f": " hydrogen bomb\" Edward Teller", "572872dd2ca10214002da380": " hydrogen bomb\" Edward Teller", "572872dd2ca10214002da381": " Enrico Fermi, \"the father of the hydrogen bomb\" Edward Teller", "572872dd2ca10214002da382": " hydrogen bomb\" Edward Teller", "5728742cff5b5019007da246": " Friedrich Hayek", "5728742cff5b5019007da247": " Friedrich Hayek", "5728742cff5b5019007da248": " Friedrich Hayek", "5728742cff5b5019007da249": " Friedrich Hayek", "5728742cff5b5019007da24a": " Friedrich Hayek", "5728759cff5b5019007da25b": " Marshall Sahlins, historian Dipesh Chakrabarty, paleontologists Neil Shubin and Paul Sereno", "5728759cff5b5019007da25a": " Marshall Sahlins, historian Dipesh Chakrabarty, paleontologists Neil Shubin and Paul Sereno, evolutionary biologist Jerry Coyne", "5728759cff5b5019007da25c": " Bevington, and renowned political scientists John Mearsheimer", "5728759cff5b5019007da25d": " Marshall Sahlins, historian Dipesh Chakrabarty, paleontologists Neil Shubin and Paul Sereno, evolutionary biologist Jerry Coyne", "5728759cff5b5019007da25e": " Goolsbee", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b6": " 1271 that Kublai Khan officially proclaimed the dynasty", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b7": " 1271 that Kublai Khan officially proclaimed the dynasty", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b8": " 1271 that Kublai Khan officially proclaimed the dynasty", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b9": " Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1ba": " 1271 that Kublai Khan officially proclaimed the dynasty", "572860e03acd2414000df977": "ngke Khan after the division of the Mongol Empire. In official Chinese histories, the Yuan dynasty bore the Mandate of Heaven", "572860e03acd2414000df978": "ngke Khan after the division of the Mongol Empire. In official Chinese histories, the Yuan dynasty bore the Mandate of Heaven", "572860e03acd2414000df979": " M\u00f6ngke Khan after the division of the Mongol Empire. In official Chinese histories, the Yuan dynasty bore the Mandate of Heaven", "572860e03acd2414000df97a": "ngke Khan after the division of the Mongol Empire. In official Chinese histories, the Yuan dynasty bore the Mandate of Heaven", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dc": " 1271", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dd": " 1271", "57286192ff5b5019007da1de": " 1271", "57286192ff5b5019007da1df": " 1271", "57286192ff5b5019007da1e0": " 1271", "572863c72ca10214002da2d4": " Jin dynasty", "572863c72ca10214002da2d5": " Jin dynasty in 1234, conquering most of northern China", "572863c72ca10214002da2d6": " Jin dynasty", "572863c72ca10214002da2d7": " Jin dynasty in 1234, conquering most of northern China", "572863c72ca10214002da2d8": " Jin dynasty in 1234, conquering most of northern China", "572864dd4b864d1900164976": " Khitan defected to the Mongols", "572864dd4b864d1900164977": " Mongols. There were 4 Han Tumens and 3 Khitan Tumens", "572864dd4b864d1900164978": " Khitan defected to the Mongols", "572864dd4b864d1900164979": " Khitan defected to the Mongols", "572864dd4b864d190016497a": " Mongols. There were 4 Han Tumens and 3 Khitan Tumens", "5728661e2ca10214002da2e8": " Jurchen", "5728661e2ca10214002da2e9": " Jurchen became common at this time", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ea": " Jurchen became common at this time", "5728661e2ca10214002da2eb": " Jurchen became common at this time", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ec": " Jurchen became common at this time", "572867212ca10214002da2f2": " 1256. He died in 1259", "572867212ca10214002da2f3": " 1256. He died in 1259", "572867212ca10214002da2f4": " 1256. He died in 1259", "572867212ca10214002da2f5": " 1256. He died in 1259", "572867212ca10214002da2f6": " 1256. He died in 1259", "572867d72ca10214002da2fc": " domestic unrest. Li Tan, the son-in-law of a powerful official, instigated a revolt against Mongol rule in 1262", "572867d72ca10214002da2fd": " domestic unrest. Li Tan, the son-in-law of a powerful official, instigated a revolt against Mongol rule in 1262", "572867d72ca10214002da2fe": " domestic unrest. Li Tan, the son-in-law of a powerful official, instigated a revolt against Mongol rule in 1262", "572867d72ca10214002da2ff": " domestic unrest. Li Tan, the son-in-law of a powerful official, instigated a revolt against Mongol rule in 1262", "572867d72ca10214002da300": " domestic unrest. Li Tan, the son-in-law of a powerful official, instigated a revolt against Mongol rule in 1262", "572869b84b864d19001649ae": " past Chinese dynasties unchanged", "572869b84b864d19001649b0": " past Chinese dynasties unchanged", "572869b84b864d19001649b2": " Confucian imperial examinations and divided Yuan society into three, later four, classes with the Han Chinese occupying the lowest rank", "572869b84b864d19001649b1": " Confucian imperial examinations and divided Yuan society", "572869b84b864d19001649af": " past Chinese dynasties unchanged", "57286b003acd2414000df9c1": " Kublai formally claimed the Mandate of Heaven", "57286b003acd2414000df9c2": " Kublai formally claimed the Mandate of Heaven", "57286b003acd2414000df9c3": " Khublai evoked his public image as a sage emperor", "57286b003acd2414000df9c4": " Kublai formally claimed the Mandate of Heaven", "57286b003acd2414000df9c5": " Khublai evoked his public image as a sage emperor by following the rituals of Confucian propriety and ancestor veneration", "57286bb84b864d19001649c8": " Pax Mongolica, Mongol peace, enabled the spread of technologies, commodities, and culture", "57286bb84b864d19001649c9": " Silk Road", "57286bb84b864d19001649ca": " Pax Mongolica, Mongol peace, enabled the spread of technologies, commodities, and culture", "57286bb84b864d19001649cb": " Pax Mongolica, Mongol peace, enabled the spread of technologies, commodities, and culture", "57286bb84b864d19001649cc": " Pax Mongolica, Mongol peace, enabled the spread of technologies, commodities, and culture between China and the West", "57286c8cff5b5019007da218": " Confucius at Qufu, the Duke Yansheng Kong Duanyou fled south", "57286c8cff5b5019007da219": "1115\u20131234", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21a": "1115\u20131234", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21b": " Quzhou alone number 30,000. During the Yuan dynasty, one of Confucius' descendants moved from China to Goryeo era Korea", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21c": " Goryeo era Korea", "57286d4f2ca10214002da328": " Hangzhou in 1276, the wealthiest city of China", "57286d4f2ca10214002da329": " Hangzhou in 1276, the wealthiest city of China", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32a": " Hangzhou in 1276, the wealthiest city of China", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32b": " Hangzhou in 1276, the wealthiest city of China", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32c": " Hangzhou in 1276, the wealthiest city of China", "57286dfa2ca10214002da332": " Fujian was the original home of the Chinese Tran (Chen) clan", "57286dfa2ca10214002da333": " Fujian was the original home of the Chinese Tran (Chen) clan", "57286dfa2ca10214002da334": " Fujian was the original home of the Chinese Tran (Chen) clan", "57286dfa2ca10214002da335": " Fujian was the original home of the Chinese Tran (Chen) clan", "57286dfa2ca10214002da336": " Fujian was the original home of the Chinese Tran (Chen) clan", "57286ead2ca10214002da346": " 1253, the former ruling Duan dynasty were appointed as governors-general, recognized as imperial officials by the Yuan, Ming, and Qing-era", "57286ead2ca10214002da347": " 1294 to 1307", "57286ead2ca10214002da348": " 1294 to 1307", "57286ead2ca10214002da349": " 1294 to 1307", "57286ead2ca10214002da34a": " the end of Kublai's reign", "57286f373acd2414000df9db": " Buyantu Khan (Ayurbarwada), was a competent emperor", "57286f373acd2414000df9dc": " Yuan emperor, Buyantu Khan (Ayurbarwada), was a competent emperor", "57286f373acd2414000df9dd": " 1313 the traditional imperial examinations were reintroduced for prospective officials", "57286f373acd2414000df9de": "Ayurbarwada), was a competent emperor", "57286f373acd2414000df9df": "Ayurbarwada), was a competent emperor", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e5": " Gegeen was assassinated in a coup involving five princes", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e6": " Gegeen Khan, Ayurbarwada's son and successor, ruled for only two years, from 1321 to 1323", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e7": " five princes", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e8": " Gegeen Khan, Ayurbarwada", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e9": " steppe elite opposed to Confucian reforms. They placed Yes\u00fcn Tem\u00fcr (or Taidingdi) on the throne", "5728705c2ca10214002da35a": " Khanbaliq by the Qipchaq commander El Tem\u00fcr", "5728705c2ca10214002da35b": " a puppet of the powerful official El Tem\u00fcr", "5728705c2ca10214002da35c": " Khanbaliq by the Qipchaq commander El Tem\u00fcr", "5728705c2ca10214002da35d": " Ragibagh known as the War of the Two Capitals", "5728705c2ca10214002da35e": " Khanbaliq by the Qipchaq commander El Tem\u00fcr. He was installed as the emperor (Emperor Wenzong)", "5728710c3acd2414000df9ef": " Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f0": " Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f1": " Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f2": " Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f3": " Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa03": " Guangxi and succeeded to the throne", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa04": " Guangxi and succeeded to the throne", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa05": " Guangxi and succeeded to the throne", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa06": " Guangxi and succeeded to the throne", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa07": " 13-year-old Toghun Tem\u00fcr (Emperor Huizong), the last of the nine successors of Kublai Khan", "572872822ca10214002da374": " Kublai Khan's successors lost all influence on other Mongol lands across Asia", "572872822ca10214002da375": " rivalries. Uninterested in administration, they were separated from both the army and the populace, and China was torn by dissension and unrest", "572872822ca10214002da376": " Kublai Khan's successors lost all influence on other Mongol lands across Asia", "572872822ca10214002da377": " Kublai Khan's successors lost all influence on other Mongol lands across Asia", "572872822ca10214002da378": " Kublai Khan's successors lost all influence on other Mongol lands across Asia", "57287338ff5b5019007da232": " Toghtogha led a large army to crush the Red Turban rebels", "57287338ff5b5019007da233": " Toghtogha led a large army to crush the Red Turban rebels", "57287338ff5b5019007da234": " a nationwide uprising. In 1354, when Toghtogha led a large army to crush the Red Turban rebels", "57287338ff5b5019007da235": " a nationwide uprising. In 1354, when Toghtogha led a large army to crush the Red Turban rebels", "57287338ff5b5019007da236": " Toghtogha led a large army to crush the Red Turban rebels", "572878942ca10214002da3a2": "vernacular. The political unity of China and much of central Asia promoted trade between East and West", "572878942ca10214002da3a3": "vernacular. The political unity of China and much of central Asia promoted trade between East and West", "572878942ca10214002da3a4": "vernacular. The political unity of China and much of central Asia promoted trade between East and West", "572878942ca10214002da3a5": "vernacular. The political unity of China and much of central Asia promoted trade between East and West", "572879574b864d1900164a14": "orianism and Roman Catholicism", "572879574b864d1900164a15": "orianism and Roman Catholicism", "572879574b864d1900164a16": "orianism and Roman Catholicism also enjoyed a period of toleration. Buddhism", "572879574b864d1900164a17": "orianism and Roman Catholicism also enjoyed a period of toleration. Buddhism", "572879574b864d1900164a18": " Islam, by Muslims of Central Asia", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a28": " 1299", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a29": " 1299", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2a": " 1299", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2b": " 1299", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2c": " Venetian Marco Polo", "57287c142ca10214002da3d0": " 365.2425 days", "57287c142ca10214002da3d1": " 365.2425 days", "57287c142ca10214002da3d2": " 365.2425 days", "57287c142ca10214002da3d3": " 365.2425 days", "57287c142ca10214002da3d4": " 365.2425 days", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3da": " 1271", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3db": " 1271", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dc": " 1271", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dd": " 1271", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3de": " 1271", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e4": " tripartite division of authority among civil, military, and censorial offices", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e5": " tripartite division of authority among civil, military, and censorial offices", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e6": " tripartite division of authority among civil, military, and censorial offices", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e7": " tripartite division of authority among civil, military, and censorial offices", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e8": " tripartite division of authority among civil, military, and censorial offices", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa3f": " Mongols", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa40": " Mongols", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa41": " Six Ministries (which had been introduced since the Sui and Tang dynasties) gave a Sinicized image in the Yuan administration", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa42": " Mongols", "57287e512ca10214002da3f8": " 1269, the 'Phags-pa script, a unified script for spelling Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese languages", "57287e512ca10214002da3f9": " 1269, the 'Phags-pa script, a unified script for spelling Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese languages", "57287e512ca10214002da3fa": " 1269, the 'Phags-pa script, a unified script for spelling Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese languages", "57287e512ca10214002da3fb": " 1269, the 'Phags-pa script, a unified script for spelling Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese languages", "57287e512ca10214002da3fc": " 1269, the 'Phags-pa script, a unified script for spelling Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese languages", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da274": " Mongol garrison family of the Yuan dynasty", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da275": " debt slavery", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da276": " debt slavery", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa51": " calligraphy many of the great calligraphers were from the Yuan dynasty era", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa52": " calligraphy many of the great calligraphers were from the Yuan dynasty era", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa53": " calligraphy many of the great calligraphers were from the Yuan dynasty era", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa54": " calligraphy many of the great calligraphers were from the Yuan dynasty era", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa55": "vernacular Chinese into both the qu form of poetry and the zaju variety show", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3c": " Yuan dynasty, such as Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity. The establishment of the Yuan dynasty", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3d": " Khanbaliq (modern Beijing) to supervise Buddhist monks throughout the empire", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3e": " Khanbaliq (modern Beijing) to supervise Buddhist monks throughout the empire", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3f": " Khanbaliq (modern Beijing) to supervise Buddhist monks throughout the empire", "57287fec4b864d1900164a40": " de facto state religion. The top-level department and government agency known as the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs", "5728804b4b864d1900164a46": "1249\u20131314) solved simultaneous equations with up to four unknowns using a rectangular array of coefficients, equivalent to modern matrices", "5728804b4b864d1900164a47": "1249\u20131314) solved simultaneous equations with up to four unknowns using a rectangular array of coefficients, equivalent to modern matrices", "5728804b4b864d1900164a48": " four unknowns using a rectangular array of coefficients, equivalent to modern matrices", "5728804b4b864d1900164a49": " four unknowns using a rectangular array of coefficients, equivalent to modern matrices", "5728804b4b864d1900164a4a": " four unknowns using a rectangular array of coefficients, equivalent to modern matrices", "5728809f2ca10214002da40c": " 1281 as the official calendar of the Yuan dynasty", "5728809f2ca10214002da40d": " 1281 as the official calendar of the Yuan dynasty", "5728809f2ca10214002da40e": " 1281 as the official calendar of the Yuan dynasty", "5728809f2ca10214002da40f": " 1281 as the official calendar of the Yuan dynasty", "5728809f2ca10214002da410": " 1281 as the official calendar of the Yuan dynasty", "572881022ca10214002da416": " Yuan government and were given special legal privileges. Kublai created the Imperial Academy of Medicine", "572881022ca10214002da417": " Yuan government and were given special legal privileges. Kublai created the Imperial Academy of Medicine", "572881022ca10214002da418": " Yuan government and were given special legal privileges. Kublai created the Imperial Academy of Medicine", "572881022ca10214002da419": " Imperial Academy of Medicine", "572881022ca10214002da41a": " Imperial Academy of Medicine", "572881704b864d1900164a50": " Wei Yilin", "572881704b864d1900164a51": " Wei Yilin", "572881704b864d1900164a52": " Wei Yilin (1277\u20131347) invented a suspension method for reducing dislocated joints", "572881704b864d1900164a53": " Wei Yilin", "572881704b864d1900164a54": "1277\u20131347) invented a suspension method for reducing dislocated joints", "572881d34b864d1900164a5a": " Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine", "572881d34b864d1900164a5b": " Huihui doctors staffed at two imperial hospitals were responsible for treating the imperial family and members of the court. Chinese physicians opposed Western medicine", "572881d34b864d1900164a5c": " Huihui doctors staffed at two imperial hospitals were responsible for treating the imperial family and members of the court. Chinese physicians opposed Western medicine", "572881d34b864d1900164a5d": " Huihui doctors staffed at two imperial hospitals were responsible for treating the imperial family and members of the court. Chinese physicians opposed Western medicine", "572881d34b864d1900164a5e": " Huihui doctors staffed at two imperial hospitals were responsible for treating the imperial family and members of the court. Chinese physicians opposed Western medicine", "572882242ca10214002da420": " T\u00f6regene Khatun, \u00d6gedei's wife, is one of the first printed works sponsored by the Mongols", "572882242ca10214002da421": " T\u00f6regene Khatun, \u00d6gedei's wife, is one of the first printed works sponsored by the Mongols", "572882242ca10214002da422": " T\u00f6regene Khatun, \u00d6gedei's wife, is one of the first printed works sponsored by the Mongols", "572882242ca10214002da423": " T\u00f6regene Khatun, \u00d6gedei's wife, is one of the first printed works sponsored by the Mongols", "572882242ca10214002da424": " T\u00f6regene Khatun, \u00d6gedei's wife, is one of the first printed works sponsored by the Mongols", "5728827b2ca10214002da42a": " bronze plates in 1275. The Mongols experimented with establishing the Chinese-style paper monetary system", "5728827b2ca10214002da42b": " bronze plates in 1275. The Mongols experimented with establishing the Chinese-style paper monetary system", "5728827b2ca10214002da42c": " bronze plates in 1275. The Mongols experimented with establishing the Chinese-style paper monetary system in Mongol-controlled territories outside of China", "5728827b2ca10214002da42d": " bronze plates in 1275. The Mongols experimented with establishing the Chinese-style paper monetary system in Mongol-controlled territories outside of China", "5728827b2ca10214002da42e": " bronze plates in 1275. The Mongols experimented with establishing the Chinese-style paper monetary system", "572883153acd2414000dfa6f": " educated Chinese elite were in general not given the degree of esteem that they had been accorded previously under native Chinese dynasties", "572883153acd2414000dfa70": " 14th century. In general there were very few North Chinese or Southerners", "572883153acd2414000dfa71": " 14th century. In general there were very few North Chinese or Southerners", "572883153acd2414000dfa72": " 14th century. In general there were very few North Chinese or Southerners", "572883153acd2414000dfa73": " 14th century. In general there were very few North Chinese or Southerners", "572883a33acd2414000dfa79": " Khitans from China to serve as administrators over the Muslim population in Bukhara in Central Asia", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7a": " Khitans from China to serve as administrators over the Muslim population in Bukhara in Central Asia", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7b": " Khitans from China to serve as administrators over the Muslim population in Bukhara in Central Asia", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7c": " Khitans from China to serve as administrators over the Muslim population in Bukhara in Central Asia", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7d": " Khitans from China to serve as administrators over the Muslim population in Bukhara in Central Asia", "57288428ff5b5019007da28e": " Zhu Yuanzhang had Muslim generals like Lan Yu who rebelled against the Mongols", "57288428ff5b5019007da28f": " Mongols", "57288428ff5b5019007da290": " Zhu Yuanzhang had Muslim generals like Lan Yu who rebelled against the Mongols", "57288428ff5b5019007da291": " Zhu Yuanzhang had Muslim generals like Lan Yu who rebelled against the Mongols", "57288428ff5b5019007da292": " semu class also revolted against the Yuan dynasty in the Ispah Rebellion", "5728848cff5b5019007da298": " Frederick W. Mote", "5728848cff5b5019007da299": " Semu than there were Mongol and Semu who lived in poverty", "5728848cff5b5019007da29a": " Semu than there were Mongol and Semu who lived in poverty", "5728848cff5b5019007da29b": " Semu than there were Mongol and Semu who lived in poverty", "572885023acd2414000dfa83": " private southern Chinese manufacturers and merchants", "572885023acd2414000dfa84": " private southern Chinese manufacturers and merchants", "572885023acd2414000dfa85": " private southern Chinese manufacturers and merchants", "572885023acd2414000dfa86": " private southern Chinese manufacturers and merchants", "572885023acd2414000dfa87": " private southern Chinese manufacturers and merchants", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8d": " Uighurs of the Kingdom of Qocho over the Koreans", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8e": " Mongols placed the Uighurs of the Kingdom of Qocho over the Koreans", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8f": " Mongols placed the Uighurs of the Kingdom of Qocho over the Koreans", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa90": " Uighurs of the Kingdom of Qocho over the Koreans", "572885c44b864d1900164a78": " Shandong, Shanxi, the south-eastern part of present-day Inner Mongolia", "572885c44b864d1900164a79": " Shandong, Shanxi, the south-eastern part of present-day Inner Mongolia", "572885c44b864d1900164a7a": " Shandong, Shanxi, the south-eastern part of present-day Inner Mongolia", "572885c44b864d1900164a7b": " Henan areas to the north of the Yellow River, was considered the most important region of the dynasty", "572885c44b864d1900164a7c": " Shandong, Shanxi, the south-eastern part of present-day Inner Mongolia", "5728dab94b864d1900164f96": " Turkana", "5728dab94b864d1900164f97": " East African Community", "5728dab94b864d1900164f98": " Turkana", "5728dab94b864d1900164f99": " Turkana", "5728dab94b864d1900164f9a": " Turkana", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dc": "Kenya has a warm and humid tropical climate on its Indian Ocean coastline", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dd": " arid and semi-arid areas with near-desert landscapes. Kenya is known for its safaris, diverse climate and geography", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9de": " Nairobi", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9df": " warm and humid tropical climate on its Indian Ocean coastline. The climate is cooler in the savannah grasslands around the capital city, Nairobi", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9e0": " hilly areas in the neighboring western region. The north-eastern regions along the border with Somalia and Ethiopia", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac2": " 97% of the nation's residents. European and Arab presence in coastal Mombasa dates to the Early Modern period", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac3": " 97% of the nation's residents. European and Arab presence in coastal Mombasa dates to the Early Modern period", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac4": " Bantu and Nilotic populations together constitute around 97% of the nation's residents", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac5": " 97% of the nation's residents. European and Arab presence in coastal Mombasa dates to the Early Modern period", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac6": " 97% of the nation's residents. European and Arab presence in coastal Mombasa dates to the Early Modern period", "5728f5376aef0514001548c4": " Prehistoric volcanic eruptions of Mount Kenya", "5728f5376aef0514001548c5": " Prehistoric volcanic eruptions of Mount Kenya", "5728f5376aef0514001548c6": " Prehistoric volcanic eruptions of Mount Kenya", "5728f9342ca10214002dab52": " Kenia", "5728f9342ca10214002dab53": " African pronunciation", "5728f9342ca10214002dab54": " 1862", "5728f9342ca10214002dab55": " Kenia", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165166": " Two million wildebeest migrate a distance of 2,900 kilometres (1,802 mi) from the Serengeti in neighbouring Tanzania", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165167": " Two million wildebeest migrate a distance of 2,900 kilometres (1,802 mi) from the Serengeti in neighbouring Tanzania", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165168": " Two million wildebeest migrate a distance of 2,900 kilometres (1,802 mi) from the Serengeti in neighbouring Tanzania", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165169": " Two million wildebeest migrate a distance of 2,900 kilometres (1,802 mi) from the Serengeti in neighbouring Tanzania", "5728f9cf4b864d190016516a": " Two million wildebeest migrate a distance of 2,900 kilometres (1,802 mi) from the Serengeti in neighbouring Tanzania", "5728fa576aef051400154920": " Pleistocene epoch", "5728fa576aef051400154921": " Pleistocene epoch", "5728fa576aef051400154922": " Pleistocene epoch", "5728fa576aef051400154923": " Pleistocene epoch", "5728fa576aef051400154924": " Pleistocene epoch", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3b": " Duarte Barbosa", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3c": " Duarte Barbosa", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3d": " Duarte Barbosa claimed that \"Mombasa is a place of great traffic and has a good harbour in which there are always moored small craft", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef5": " East African coast on one of his last 'treasure voyages'. Malindi authorities welcomed the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama in 1498", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef6": " Swahili settlement since the 14th century and once rivalled Mombasa for dominance in the African Great Lakes region", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef7": " East African coast on one of his last 'treasure voyages'. Malindi authorities welcomed the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama in 1498", "5729024f1d04691400778f5f": " August 1914, the governors of British East Africa (as the Protectorate was generally known) and German East Africa", "5729024f1d04691400778f60": " German East Africa agreed a truce in an attempt to keep the young colonies out of direct hostilities", "5729024f1d04691400778f61": " August 1914, the governors of British East Africa (as the Protectorate was generally known) and German East Africa", "5729024f1d04691400778f62": " fourteen days after the Armistice was signed in 1918", "5729024f1d04691400778f63": " fourteen days after the Armistice was signed in 1918", "572903d96aef0514001549a4": " A massive exodus to the cities ensued as their ability to provide a living from the land dwindled. There were 80,000 white settlers living in Kenya", "572903d96aef0514001549a5": " over a million members of the Kikuyu people", "572903d96aef0514001549a6": " white settlers living in Kenya in the 1950s", "572903d96aef0514001549a7": " white settlers living in Kenya in the 1950s", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4d": " 15 January 1954", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4e": " 15 January 1954 and the subsequent interrogation led to a better understanding of the Mau Mau command structure. Operation Anvil opened on 24 April 1954", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4f": " 15 January 1954 and the subsequent interrogation led to a better understanding of the Mau Mau command structure. Operation Anvil opened on 24 April 1954", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f50": " 15 January 1954", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f51": " 15 January 1954", "572906e23f37b31900477f8d": " 12 December 1963 with independence being conferred on all of Kenya", "572906e23f37b31900477f8e": " 12 December 1963", "572906e23f37b31900477f8f": " 12 December 1963 with independence being conferred on all of Kenya", "572906e23f37b31900477f90": " 12 December 1963 with independence being conferred on all of Kenya", "572906e23f37b31900477f91": " 12 December 1963", "572909406aef0514001549dc": " Daniel arap Moi", "572909406aef0514001549dd": " Daniel arap Moi", "572909406aef0514001549de": " Daniel arap Moi", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc5": " National Assembly", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc6": " National Assembly", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc7": " National Assembly", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc8": " National Assembly", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc9": " National Assembly", "57290b21af94a219006a9fcf": " Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index (CPI), a metric which attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd0": " Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index (CPI), a metric which attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd1": " Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd2": " Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index (CPI), a metric which attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries", "57290d811d04691400778fcf": " Orange Democratic Movement", "57290d811d04691400778fd0": " Orange Democratic Movement", "57290d811d04691400778fd1": " Kibaki under the Party of National Unity ran for re-election against the main opposition party, the Orange Democratic Movement", "57290d811d04691400778fd2": " Kibaki under the Party of National Unity ran for re-election against the main opposition party, the Orange Democratic Movement", "57290e153f37b31900477fd9": " Evangelical Lutheran Church in Kenya started peace meetings", "57290e153f37b31900477fda": " Evangelical Lutheran Church in Kenya started peace meetings", "57290e153f37b31900477fdb": " Evangelical Lutheran Church in Kenya started peace meetings", "57290e153f37b31900477fdc": " Evangelical Lutheran Church in Kenya started peace meetings", "57290ee2af94a219006a9fff": " 28 February 2008, Kibaki and Odinga signed an agreement on the formation of a coalition government", "57290ee2af94a219006aa000": " 28 February 2008, Kibaki and Odinga signed an agreement on the formation of a coalition government", "57290ee2af94a219006aa001": " 28 February 2008, Kibaki and Odinga signed an agreement on the formation of a coalition government", "57290ee2af94a219006aa002": " 28 February 2008, Kibaki and Odinga signed an agreement on the formation of a coalition government", "57290ee2af94a219006aa003": " the current Parliament", "57290f963f37b31900477feb": " Annan and his UN-backed panel and African Union chairman Jakaya Kikwete", "57290f963f37b31900477fec": " Kikwete as they brought together the former rivals to the signing ceremony, beamed live on national TV from the steps of Nairobi", "57290f963f37b31900477fed": " Kikwete as they brought together the former rivals to the signing ceremony, beamed live on national TV from the steps of Nairobi", "57290f963f37b31900477fee": " PM will have power and authority to co-ordinate and supervise the functions of the Government and will be occupied by an elected MP", "57290f963f37b31900477fef": " supervise the functions of the Government and will be occupied by an elected MP who will be the leader of the party or coalition with majority members in Parliament", "572913626aef051400154a30": " 27 August 2010 at a euphoric ceremony in Nairobi's Uhuru Park, accompanied by a 21-gun salute", "572913626aef051400154a31": " 27 August 2010 at a euphoric ceremony in Nairobi's Uhuru Park", "572913626aef051400154a32": " 27 August 2010 at a euphoric ceremony in Nairobi's Uhuru Park, accompanied by a 21-gun salute", "572913626aef051400154a33": " 27 August 2010 at a euphoric ceremony in Nairobi's Uhuru Park", "572913626aef051400154a34": " 27 August 2010 at a euphoric ceremony in Nairobi's Uhuru Park, accompanied by a 21-gun salute", "572914441d04691400779025": " National Assembly", "572914441d04691400779026": " 19 December in the National Assembly", "572914441d04691400779027": " National Assembly", "572914441d04691400779028": " Jubillee Coalition, the Bill was later passed on 19 December in the National Assembly", "572914441d04691400779029": " National Assembly", "572914f46aef051400154a46": " Kenyatta", "572914f46aef051400154a47": " Kenyatta and Deputy President William Ruto", "572914f46aef051400154a48": " Kenyatta visited China at the invitation of President Xi Jinping", "572914f46aef051400154a49": " Kenyatta and Deputy President William Ruto", "572915621d0469140077902f": " a commission of inquiry, the Waki Commission", "572915621d04691400779030": " a commission of inquiry, the Waki Commission", "572915621d04691400779031": " a commission of inquiry, the Waki Commission", "572915e43f37b31900478005": "Kenya\u2019s armed forces, like many government institutions in the country, have been tainted by corruption allegations", "572915e43f37b31900478006": "Kenya\u2019s armed forces, like many government institutions in the country, have been tainted by corruption", "572915e43f37b31900478007": "Kenya\u2019s armed forces, like many government institutions in the country", "572915e43f37b31900478008": " credible claims of corruption were made with regard to recruitment and procurement of Armoured Personnel Carriers", "572916f16aef051400154a56": " Kenyans lived on less than $1.25 a day", "572916f16aef051400154a57": " Kenyans lived on less than $1.25 a day", "572916f16aef051400154a58": " Kenyans lived on less than $1.25 a day", "572916f16aef051400154a59": " Kenyans lived on less than $1.25 a day", "572917743f37b3190047800d": " small portion of the population relies on food aid.[citation needed] Industry and manufacturing is the smallest sector, accounting for 16% of GDP", "572917743f37b3190047800f": " small portion of the population relies on food aid.[citation needed] Industry and manufacturing is the smallest sector, accounting for 16% of GDP", "572917743f37b31900478010": " small portion of the population relies on food aid.[citation needed] Industry and manufacturing is the smallest sector, accounting for 16% of GDP", "572917743f37b3190047800e": " small portion of the population relies on food aid.[citation needed] Industry and manufacturing is the smallest sector, accounting for 16% of GDP", "572917ff6aef051400154a5e": " Tourists, the largest number being from Germany", "572917ff6aef051400154a5f": " Tourists, the largest number being from Germany and the United Kingdom", "572917ff6aef051400154a60": "Kenya's services sector, which contributes 61% of GDP, is dominated by tourism. The tourism sector has exhibited steady growth in most years since independence", "572917ff6aef051400154a62": " Tourists, the largest number being from Germany and the United Kingdom", "572917ff6aef051400154a61": " Tourists, the largest number being from Germany", "572918bd3f37b31900478016": " service sector. In 2005 agriculture, including forestry and fishing, accounted for 24% of GDP", "572918bd3f37b31900478017": " service sector. In 2005 agriculture, including forestry and fishing, accounted for 24% of GDP", "572918bd3f37b31900478015": " service sector. In 2005 agriculture, including forestry and fishing, accounted for 24% of GDP", "572918bd3f37b31900478018": " service sector. In 2005 agriculture, including forestry and fishing, accounted for 24% of GDP", "57291a7b1d0469140077903f": "A consortium led by the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics", "57291a7b1d04691400779040": " legumes, by stimulating the growth of local seed production", "57291a7b1d04691400779041": " legumes, by stimulating the growth of local seed production", "57291a7b1d04691400779042": " legumes, by stimulating the growth of local seed production", "57291a7b1d04691400779043": " legumes, by stimulating the growth of local seed production", "57291b461d04691400779049": " August and September 2011", "57291b461d0469140077904a": " August and September 2011", "57291b461d0469140077904b": " August and September 2011", "57291b461d0469140077904c": " August and September 2011", "57291b461d0469140077904d": " Kenyans for Kenya initiative by the Red Cross", "57291beb1d04691400779053": " Kisumu", "57291beb1d04691400779054": " Kisumu", "57291beb1d04691400779055": " Kisumu", "57291beb1d04691400779056": " Kisumu", "57291d9e3f37b31900478035": " US$44 million to US$270 million", "57291d9e3f37b31900478036": " US$44 million to US$270 million", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09b": " petroleum-fired plant on the coast, geothermal facilities at Olkaria (near Nairobi), and electricity imported from Uganda", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09c": "142 megawatts between 2001 and 2003", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09d": "142 megawatts between 2001 and 2003", "57291f153f37b31900478043": " Petroleum accounts for 20% to 25% of the national import bill", "57291f153f37b31900478044": " Petroleum accounts for 20% to 25% of the national import bill", "57291f153f37b31900478045": " Petroleum accounts for 20% to 25% of the national import bill", "57291f153f37b31900478046": " Petroleum accounts for 20% to 25% of the national import bill", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b1": " Kenyatta's 2013 trip to Beijing", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b2": " Kenyatta's 2013 trip to Beijing", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b3": " Kenyatta's 2013 trip to Beijing", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b4": " FM website by Liu Guangyuan, China's ambassador to Kenya, at the time of President Kenyatta's 2013 trip to Beijing", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b5": " Kenyatta's 2013 trip to Beijing", "57292046af94a219006aa0bb": " Medium Term Plan that will be launched in the coming months", "57292046af94a219006aa0bc": " Medium Term Plan that will be launched in the coming months", "57292046af94a219006aa0bd": " Medium Term Plan that will be launched in the coming months", "57292046af94a219006aa0be": " Medium Term Plan that will be launched in the coming months", "57292046af94a219006aa0bf": " Medium Term Plan that will be launched in the coming months", "572920d73f37b31900478055": " 400 child protection officers in 2009", "572920d73f37b31900478056": " 400 child protection officers in 2009", "572920d73f37b31900478057": " 400 child protection officers in 2009", "572920d73f37b31900478058": " 400 child protection officers in 2009", "572921646aef051400154a78": "Kenya's various ethnic groups typically speak their mother tongues within their own communities. The two official languages, English and Swahili", "572921646aef051400154a79": " a distinct local dialect, Kenyan English, is used by some communities and individuals", "572921646aef051400154a7a": "Kenya's various ethnic groups typically speak their mother tongues within their own communities. The two official languages, English and Swahili", "572921646aef051400154a7b": "Kenya's various ethnic groups typically speak their mother tongues within their own communities. The two official languages, English and Swahili", "572922206aef051400154a8a": "21,200 of Kenyans are Orthodox Christians", "572922206aef051400154a8b": "21,200 of Kenyans are Orthodox Christians", "572922206aef051400154a8c": "21,200 of Kenyans are Orthodox Christians", "572922206aef051400154a8d": "21,200 of Kenyans are Orthodox Christians", "57292449af94a219006aa0dd": " indigenous beliefs 1.7%), and nonreligious 2.4%. Sixty percent of the Muslim population lives in Kenya", "57292449af94a219006aa0de": " 11.2%, indigenous beliefs 1.7%), and nonreligious 2.4%. Sixty percent of the Muslim population lives in Kenya's Coastal Region", "57292449af94a219006aa0df": " 11.2%, indigenous beliefs 1.7%), and nonreligious 2.4%. Sixty percent of the Muslim population lives in Kenya", "57292449af94a219006aa0e0": " 11.2%, indigenous beliefs 1.7%), and nonreligious 2.4%. Sixty percent of the Muslim population lives in Kenya", "572924b53f37b31900478067": " 43 million people", "572924b53f37b31900478068": " 43 million people", "572924b53f37b31900478069": " 43 million people", "572924b53f37b3190047806a": " 43 million people", "572925491d046914007790c3": " weak policies, corruption, inadequate health workers", "572925491d046914007790c4": " weak policies, corruption, inadequate health workers", "572925491d046914007790c5": " weak policies, corruption, inadequate health workers", "572925491d046914007790c6": "hoea and malnutrition are the biggest burden, major child-killers, and responsible for much morbidity; weak policies, corruption, inadequate health workers", "572925491d046914007790c7": " Kenyans live below the poverty level. Preventable diseases like malaria, HIV/AIDS, pneumonia", "572925a81d046914007790cd": " 7\u20134\u20132\u20133 system was adopted", "572925a81d046914007790ce": " 7\u20134\u20132\u20133 system was adopted", "572925a81d046914007790cf": " 7\u20134\u20132\u20133 system was adopted", "572925a81d046914007790d0": " 7\u20134\u20132\u20133 system was adopted", "572925a81d046914007790d1": " 7\u20134\u20132\u20133 system was adopted", "572926086aef051400154ac2": " 7\u20134\u20132\u20133 system be changed to an 8\u20134\u20134 system", "572926086aef051400154ac3": " 7\u20134\u20132\u20133 system be changed to an 8\u20134\u20134 system", "572926086aef051400154ac4": " 7\u20134\u20132\u20133 system be changed to an 8\u20134\u20134 system", "572926086aef051400154ac5": " 7\u20134\u20132\u20133 system be changed to an 8\u20134\u20134 system", "572926653f37b31900478079": " informal sector. In January 2003, the Government of Kenya announced the introduction of free primary education", "572926653f37b3190047807a": " informal sector. In January 2003, the Government of Kenya announced the introduction of free primary education", "572926653f37b3190047807b": " informal sector. In January 2003, the Government of Kenya announced the introduction of free primary education", "572926653f37b3190047807c": " 8\u20134\u20134 system was launched in January 1985", "572926653f37b3190047807d": " informal sector. In January 2003, the Government of Kenya announced the introduction of free primary education", "572926d23f37b31900478083": " 12 years comprising eight years in primary school and four years in high school or secondary school. Primary school is free in public schools", "572926d23f37b31900478084": " 12 years comprising eight years in primary school and four years in high school or secondary school. Primary school is free in public schools", "572926d23f37b31900478085": " 12 years comprising eight years in primary school and four years in high school or secondary school. Primary school is free in public schools", "572926d23f37b31900478086": " 12 years comprising eight years in primary school and four years in high school or secondary school. Primary school is free in public schools", "5729276c1d046914007790d7": "/7-13/14 years", "5729276c1d046914007790d8": " 6/7-13/14 years", "5729276c1d046914007790d9": " 6/7-13/14", "5729276c1d046914007790da": " Standard One (First Grade). At the end of primary education, pupils sit the Kenya Certificate of Primary Education", "5729276c1d046914007790db": " 6/7-13/14", "572927d06aef051400154ade": " KNLS is the body mandated to establish, equip, manage and maintain national and public libraries in the country", "572927d06aef051400154adf": " A public library is seen as a peoples university", "572927d06aef051400154ae0": " Public Library Services led by the Kenya National Library Service", "572927d06aef051400154ae1": " Kenya National Library Service (KNLS). KNLS is the body mandated to establish, equip, manage and maintain national and public libraries in the country", "5729281baf94a219006aa11f": " Kalenjin) continue to dominate the world of distance running", "5729281baf94a219006aa120": "Kenya is active in several sports, among them cricket, rallying, football, rugby union and boxing", "5729281baf94a219006aa121": " Kalenjin) continue to dominate the world of distance running", "5729281baf94a219006aa122": "Kenya is active in several sports, among them cricket, rallying, football, rugby", "572928bf6aef051400154af0": "Kenya won several medals during the Beijing Olympics, six gold, four silver and four bronze, making it Africa's most successful nation in the 2008 Olympics", "572928bf6aef051400154af1": "Kenya won several medals during the Beijing Olympics, six gold, four silver and four bronze, making it Africa's most successful nation in the 2008 Olympics", "572928bf6aef051400154af2": "Kenya won several medals during the Beijing Olympics, six gold, four silver and four bronze, making it Africa's most successful nation in the 2008 Olympics", "572928bf6aef051400154af3": "Kenya won several medals during the Beijing Olympics, six gold, four silver and four bronze, making it Africa's most successful nation in the 2008 Olympics", "572928bf6aef051400154af4": "Kenya won several medals during the Beijing Olympics, six gold, four silver and four bronze, making it Africa's most successful nation in the 2008 Olympics", "5729293d3f37b3190047809f": "Kenya has been a dominant force in women's volleyball within Africa, with both the clubs and the national team winning various continental championships in the past decade", "5729293d3f37b319004780a0": "Kenya has been a dominant force in women's volleyball within Africa, with both the clubs and the national team winning various continental championships in the past decade", "5729293d3f37b319004780a1": "Kenya has been a dominant force in women's volleyball within Africa, with both the clubs and the national team winning various continental championships in the past decade", "5729293d3f37b319004780a2": "Kenya has been a dominant force in women's volleyball within Africa, with both the clubs and the national team winning various continental championships in the past decade", "5729293d3f37b319004780a3": " March 2007", "57292994af94a219006aa131": " motor rallying arena, Kenya is home to the world famous Safari Rally", "57292994af94a219006aa132": " Safari Rally", "57292994af94a219006aa133": " Safari Rally", "572929d56aef051400154b0a": " 10 o'clock tea (chai ya saa nne)", "572929d56aef051400154b0b": " 10 o'clock tea (chai ya saa nne) and 4 pm tea", "572929d56aef051400154b0c": " three meals in a day", "572929d56aef051400154b0d": " three meals in a day", "57293b843f37b31900478133": " 43/53. Membership of the IPCC is open to all members of the WMO and UNEP", "57293b843f37b31900478134": " all members of the WMO and UNEP", "57293b843f37b31900478135": " all members of the WMO and UNEP", "57293b843f37b31900478136": " 43/53", "57293b843f37b31900478137": " two United Nations organizations, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme", "57293bc91d0469140077919b": " October 8, 2015", "57293bc91d0469140077919c": " October 8, 2015", "57293bc91d0469140077919d": " October 8, 2015", "57293bc91d0469140077919e": " October 8, 2015", "57293bc91d0469140077919f": " October 8, 2015", "57293c246aef051400154bb8": " 322 persons in attendance at Sessions with about seven-eighths of participants being from governmental organizations", "57293c246aef051400154bb9": " 350 government officials", "57293c246aef051400154bba": " 322 persons in attendance at Sessions with about seven-eighths of participants being from governmental organizations", "57293c246aef051400154bbb": " 350 government officials", "57293ca73f37b3190047815b": " Financial Regulations and Rules of the WMO", "57293ca73f37b3190047815c": " Financial Regulations and Rules of the WMO", "57293ca73f37b3190047815e": " IPCC Trust Fund, established in 1989 by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization", "57293ca73f37b3190047815f": " IPCC Trust Fund, established in 1989 by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization", "57293ca73f37b3190047815d": " IPCC Trust Fund, established in 1989 by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization", "57293d116aef051400154bc8": "peer-reviewed sources include model results, reports from government agencies and non-governmental organizations, and industry journals", "57293d116aef051400154bc9": "peer-reviewed sources include model results, reports from government agencies and non-governmental organizations, and industry journals", "57293d116aef051400154bca": "peer-reviewed sources include model results, reports from government agencies and non-governmental organizations, and industry journals", "57293d116aef051400154bcb": " research nor does it monitor climate related data. Lead authors of IPCC reports assess the available information about climate change based on published sources", "57293d6d1d046914007791b7": " A chapter typically has two \"coordinating lead authors", "57293d6d1d046914007791b8": " A chapter typically has two \"coordinating lead authors", "57293d6d1d046914007791b9": " A chapter typically has two \"coordinating lead authors", "57293d6d1d046914007791ba": " A chapter typically has two \"coordinating lead authors", "57293d6d1d046914007791bb": " A chapter typically has two \"coordinating lead authors", "57293e221d046914007791d5": " over half the enhanced greenhouse effect", "57293e221d046914007791d6": " about 0.3 \u00b0C per decade during the [21st] century", "57293e221d046914007791d7": " about 0.3 \u00b0C per decade during the [21st] century", "57293e221d046914007791d8": " executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers report says they are certain that emissions resulting from human activities are substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations", "57293e221d046914007791d9": " about 0.3 \u00b0C per decade during the [21st] century", "57293e983f37b3190047818b": " 16 national science academies issued a joint statement on climate change", "57293e983f37b3190047818c": " 16 national science academies issued a joint statement on climate change", "57293e983f37b3190047818d": " 16 national science academies issued a joint statement on climate change", "57293e983f37b3190047818e": " Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei (Italy), the Academy of Sciences Malaysia, the Academy Council of the Royal Society of New Zealand", "57293e983f37b3190047818f": " Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei (Italy), the Academy of Sciences Malaysia, the Academy Council of the Royal Society of New Zealand", "57293f353f37b3190047819b": " Houghton has stressed that the SPM is agreed upon by delegates from many of the world's governments", "57293f353f37b3190047819c": " Houghton has stressed that the SPM is agreed upon by delegates from many of the world's governments", "57293f353f37b3190047819d": " SPM", "57293f353f37b3190047819e": " Lindzen", "57293f353f37b3190047819f": " Lindzen", "57293f8a6aef051400154bde": " IPCC Special Reports follows the same procedures as for IPCC Assessment Reports", "57293f8a6aef051400154bdf": "SRREN) and the Special Report on Managing Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation", "57293f8a6aef051400154be0": "SREX). Both Special Reports were requested by governments", "57293f8a6aef051400154be1": " IPCC Special Reports follows the same procedures as for IPCC Assessment Reports", "572940246aef051400154bec": " IPCC function, it also supports other activities, such as the Data Distribution Centre and the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme", "572940246aef051400154bed": " IPCC function, it also supports other activities, such as the Data Distribution Centre and the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme", "572940246aef051400154bee": " IPCC function, it also supports other activities, such as the Data Distribution Centre and the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme", "572940246aef051400154bef": " IPCC function, it also supports other activities, such as the Data Distribution Centre and the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme", "572940973f37b319004781a5": " 2035", "572940973f37b319004781a6": " 2035", "572940973f37b319004781a7": " 2035", "572940973f37b319004781a8": " 2035", "572941273f37b319004781ad": " Martin Parry, a climate expert who had been co-chair of the IPCC working group II", "572941273f37b319004781ae": " Martin Parry, a climate expert who had been co-chair of the IPCC working group II", "572941273f37b319004781af": " Martin Parry, a climate expert who had been co-chair of the IPCC working group II", "572941273f37b319004781b0": " chairman Robert Watson", "572941273f37b319004781b1": " Martin Parry, a climate expert who had been co-chair of the IPCC working group II", "57294209af94a219006aa201": " Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes", "57294209af94a219006aa202": " MBH99 reconstruction in Figure 2", "57294209af94a219006aa203": " MBH99 reconstruction in Figure 2", "57294209af94a219006aa204": " MBH99 reconstruction in Figure 2", "57294279af94a219006aa209": " Fred Singer's Science and Environmental Policy Project held a press event on Capitol Hill, Washington", "57294279af94a219006aa20a": " MBH99 based graph featured in publicity. Even at the draft stage, this finding was disputed by contrarians", "57294279af94a219006aa20b": " MBH99 reconstruction in a review paper, which was quickly discredited in the Soon and Baliunas controversy", "57294279af94a219006aa20c": " MBH99 reconstruction in a review paper, which was quickly discredited in the Soon and Baliunas controversy", "57294279af94a219006aa20d": " MBH99 reconstruction in a review paper, which was quickly discredited in the Soon and Baliunas controversy", "572943ab1d04691400779219": " 23 June 2005, Rep. Joe Barton", "572943ab1d0469140077921a": " 23 June 2005, Rep. Joe Barton, chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce", "572943ab1d0469140077921b": " Mann, Bradley and Hughes", "572943ab1d0469140077921c": " 23 June 2005, Rep. Joe Barton, chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce", "572943ab1d0469140077921d": " Mann, Bradley and Hughes", "572944e03f37b319004781e2": "AR4) published in 2007", "572944e03f37b319004781e1": "AR4) published in 2007", "572944e03f37b319004781e4": " Ten of these 14 reconstructions covered 1,000 years", "572944e03f37b319004781e5": " 12 proxy based temperature reconstructions, including the three highlighted in the 2001 Third Assessment Report", "572944e03f37b319004781e3": " Ten of these 14 reconstructions covered 1,000 years or longer", "572945b11d0469140077922f": " 1 February 2007, the eve of the publication", "572945b11d04691400779230": " 1 February 2007, the eve of the publication", "572945b11d04691400779231": " 1 February 2007, the eve of the publication", "572945b11d04691400779232": " 1 February 2007, the eve of the publication", "572949306aef051400154c68": " 9\u201388 cm as projected by the IPCC itself in its Third Assessment Report, published in 2001", "572949306aef051400154c69": " 9\u201388 cm as projected by the IPCC itself in its Third Assessment Report, published in 2001", "572949306aef051400154c6a": " 9\u201388 cm as projected by the IPCC itself in its Third Assessment Report, published in 2001", "572949306aef051400154c6b": " 9\u201388 cm as projected by the IPCC itself in its Third Assessment Report, published in 2001", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26b": " a long-time participant in the IPCC and coordinating lead author of the Fifth Assessment Report", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26c": " Oppenheimer", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26d": " a long-time participant in the IPCC and coordinating lead author of the Fifth Assessment Report", "57294e6b1d04691400779275": " Montreal Protocol has been successful, in case of Climate Change, the Kyoto Protocol", "57294e6b1d04691400779276": " broad science consensus while states and governments still follow different, if not opposing goals. The underlying linear model of policy-making", "57294e6b1d04691400779277": " broad science consensus while states and governments still follow different, if not opposing goals. The underlying linear model of policy-making", "5729506d6aef051400154cac": " Stern Review ordered by the UK government made a stronger argument in favor to combat human-made climate change", "5729506d6aef051400154cad": " Stern Review ordered by the UK government made a stronger argument in favor to combat human-made climate change", "5729506d6aef051400154cae": " Stern Review ordered by the UK government made a stronger argument in favor to combat human-made climate change", "5729506d6aef051400154caf": " public opinion on climate change sees no imminent danger. The stepwise mitigation of the ozone layer", "5729517d6aef051400154cc8": " key findings and levels of scientific confidence from one assessment report", "5729517d6aef051400154cc9": " key findings and levels of scientific confidence from one assessment report", "5729517d6aef051400154cca": " a body which is widely regarded as the ultimate authority", "572951f16aef051400154cce": "IPCC. Other recommendations included that the panel employ a full-time staff and remove government oversight from its processes to avoid political interference", "572951f16aef051400154ccf": " five climate scientists \u2013 all contributing or lead IPCC report authors \u2013 wrote in the journal Nature calling for changes", "572951f16aef051400154cd0": "IPCC. Other recommendations included that the panel employ a full-time staff and remove government oversight from its processes to avoid political interference", "572951f16aef051400154cd1": "IPCC. Other recommendations included that the panel employ a full-time staff and remove government oversight from its processes to avoid political interference", "572953013f37b3190047824d": " a number of other functions, including fatty acid synthesis, much amino acid synthesis, and the immune response in plants", "572953013f37b3190047824e": " a number of other functions, including fatty acid synthesis, much amino acid synthesis, and the immune response in plants", "572953013f37b3190047824f": " Calvin cycle", "572953013f37b31900478250": " Calvin cycle", "572953013f37b31900478251": " a number of other functions, including fatty acid synthesis, much amino acid synthesis, and the immune response in plants", "5729544c3f37b31900478257": " two to reproduce. Their behavior is strongly influenced by environmental factors like light color and intensity. Chloroplasts, like mitochondria", "5729544c3f37b31900478258": " two to reproduce. Their behavior is strongly influenced by environmental factors like light color and intensity. Chloroplasts, like mitochondria", "5729544c3f37b31900478259": " two to reproduce. Their behavior is strongly influenced by environmental factors like light color and intensity. Chloroplasts, like mitochondria", "5729544c3f37b3190047825a": " two to reproduce. Their behavior is strongly influenced by environmental factors like light color and intensity. Chloroplasts, like mitochondria", "5729544c3f37b3190047825b": " two to reproduce. Their behavior is strongly influenced by environmental factors like light color and intensity. Chloroplasts, like mitochondria", "572956c86aef051400154d1a": " 1883 that chloroplasts closely resemble cyanobacteria. Chloroplasts are only found in plants and algae", "572956c86aef051400154d1b": "Chloroplasts are one of many types of organelles in the plant cell. They are considered to have originated from cyanobacteria", "572956c86aef051400154d1c": "Chloroplasts are one of many types of organelles in the plant cell. They are considered to have originated from cyanobacteria", "572956c86aef051400154d1d": " 1883 that chloroplasts closely resemble cyanobacteria. Chloroplasts are only found in plants and algae", "572956c86aef051400154d1e": " 1883 that chloroplasts closely resemble cyanobacteria. Chloroplasts are only found in plants and algae", "572957361d046914007792cf": " chloroplasts. They are sometimes called blue-green algae even though they are prokaryotes", "572957361d046914007792d0": " chloroplasts. They are sometimes called blue-green algae even though they are prokaryotes", "572957361d046914007792d2": " chloroplasts. They are sometimes called blue-green algae even though they are prokaryotes", "572957361d046914007792d3": " chloroplasts. They are sometimes called blue-green algae even though they are prokaryotes", "572957361d046914007792d1": " chloroplasts. They are sometimes called blue-green algae even though they are prokaryotes", "572957ad1d046914007792d9": " assimilated, and many of its genes were lost or transferred to the nucleus", "572957ad1d046914007792da": " assimilated, and many of its genes were lost or transferred to the nucleus", "572957ad1d046914007792db": " assimilated, and many of its genes were lost or transferred to the nucleus", "572957ad1d046914007792dc": " assimilated, and many of its genes were lost or transferred to the nucleus", "572957ad1d046914007792dd": " assimilated, and many of its genes were lost or transferred to the nucleus", "5729582b1d046914007792e3": " lineages\u2014the glaucophyte chloroplast lineage, the rhodophyte, or red algal chloroplast lineage", "5729582b1d046914007792e4": " a cyanobacterial ancestor, are known as primary plastids", "5729582b1d046914007792e5": " chloroplasts, which can be traced back directly to a cyanobacterial ancestor, are known as primary plastids", "5729582b1d046914007792e6": " cyanobacterial ancestor, are known as primary plastids", "5729582b1d046914007792e7": " chloroplasts, which can be traced back directly to a cyanobacterial ancestor, are known as primary plastids", "572958cc6aef051400154d2a": " 13 species", "572958cc6aef051400154d2b": " 13 species", "572958cc6aef051400154d2c": " 13 species", "572958cc6aef051400154d2d": " 13 species", "572958cc6aef051400154d2e": " 13 species", "57295a116aef051400154d44": " starch called floride", "57295a116aef051400154d45": " starch called floride", "57295a116aef051400154d46": " blue-green chlorophyll a and other pigments, many are reddish to purple", "57295a116aef051400154d47": " blue-green chlorophyll a and other pigments, many are reddish to purple", "57295a116aef051400154d48": "hodoplasts have a double membrane with an intermembrane space and phycobilin pigments organized into phycobilisomes", "57295b5b1d04691400779315": " green algae and land plants", "57295b5b1d04691400779316": " green algae and land plants", "57295b5b1d04691400779317": " green chloroplasts, are another large, highly diverse primary chloroplast lineage. Their host organisms are commonly known as the green algae and land plants", "57295b5b1d04691400779318": " green chloroplasts, are another large, highly diverse primary chloroplast lineage. Their host organisms are commonly known as the green algae and land plants", "57295b5b1d04691400779319": " green algae and land plants", "572961f61d04691400779359": " three or four membranes\u2014the two cyanobacterial membranes, sometimes the eaten alga's cell membrane", "572961f61d0469140077935a": " three or four membranes\u2014the two cyanobacterial membranes, sometimes the eaten alga's cell membrane", "572961f61d0469140077935b": " three or four membranes\u2014the two cyanobacterial membranes, sometimes the eaten alga's cell membrane", "572961f61d0469140077935c": " three or four membranes\u2014the two cyanobacterial membranes, sometimes the eaten alga's cell membrane", "572961f61d0469140077935d": " three or four membranes\u2014the two cyanobacterial membranes, sometimes the eaten alga's cell membrane", "572962953f37b319004782f5": " green alga. Euglenophyte chloroplasts have three membranes", "572962953f37b319004782f6": " green alga. Euglenophyte chloroplasts have three membranes", "572962953f37b319004782f7": " green alga. Euglenophyte chloroplasts have three membranes", "572962953f37b319004782f8": " green alga. Euglenophyte chloroplasts have three membranes", "572962953f37b319004782f9": " green alga. Euglenophyte chloroplasts have three membranes", "572963221d04691400779385": " four membranes, the outermost of which is continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticulum", "572963221d04691400779386": " four membranes, the outermost of which is continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticulum", "572963221d04691400779387": " four membranes", "572963221d04691400779388": " four membranes, the outermost of which is continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticulum", "572963221d04691400779389": " four membranes, the outermost of which is continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticulum", "572963876aef051400154dd2": " malaria parasite. Many apicomplexans keep a vestigial red algal derived chloroplast", "572963876aef051400154dd3": " malaria parasite. Many apicomplexans keep a vestigial red algal derived chloroplast", "572963876aef051400154dd4": " malaria parasite. Many apicomplexans keep a vestigial red algal derived chloroplast", "572963876aef051400154dd5": " malaria parasite. Many apicomplexans keep a vestigial red algal derived chloroplast", "572963876aef051400154dd6": " malaria parasite. Many apicomplexans keep a vestigial red algal derived chloroplast", "5729645b3f37b31900478321": " chloroplast around demonstrates how the chloroplast carries out important functions other than photosynthesis", "5729645b3f37b31900478322": " chloroplast around demonstrates how the chloroplast carries out important functions other than photosynthesis", "5729645b3f37b31900478323": " chloroplast around demonstrates how the chloroplast carries out important functions other than photosynthesis", "5729645b3f37b31900478324": " chloroplast around demonstrates how the chloroplast carries out important functions other than photosynthesis", "5729645b3f37b31900478325": " chloroplast around demonstrates how the chloroplast carries out important functions other than photosynthesis", "572965566aef051400154e00": " dinophyte chloroplast is the peridinin-type chloroplast", "572965566aef051400154e01": " dinophyte chloroplast is the peridinin-type chloroplast", "572965566aef051400154e02": " dinophyte chloroplast is the peridinin-type chloroplast", "572965566aef051400154e03": " carotenoid pigment peridinin in their chloroplasts, along with chlorophyll a and chlorophyll c", "572965e73f37b3190047832b": " chloroplast, and replaced it with a new chloroplast derived from a haptophyte endosymbiont", "572965e73f37b3190047832c": " chloroplast, and replaced it with a new chloroplast derived from a haptophyte endosymbiont", "572965e73f37b3190047832d": " Karlodinium and Karenia) lost their original red algal derived chloroplast, and replaced it", "572965e73f37b3190047832e": "coxanthin dinophyte lineages (including Karlodinium and Karenia", "572966626aef051400154e13": " phycobilin-containing chloroplast", "572966626aef051400154e14": " two membranes, leaving just a two-membraned chloroplast", "572966626aef051400154e12": " two membranes, leaving just a two-membraned chloroplast", "572966626aef051400154e15": " two membranes, leaving just a two-membraned chloroplast", "572966ebaf94a219006aa391": " dinophytes, like Kryptoperidinium and Durinskia have a diatom (heterokontophyte)", "572966ebaf94a219006aa392": " dinophytes, like Kryptoperidinium and Durinskia have a diatom (heterokontophyte) derived chloroplast", "572966ebaf94a219006aa393": " dinophytes, like Kryptoperidinium and Durinskia have a diatom (heterokontophyte) derived chloroplast", "572966ebaf94a219006aa394": " dinophytes, like Kryptoperidinium and Durinskia have a diatom (heterokontophyte) derived chloroplast", "572966ebaf94a219006aa395": " dinophytes, like Kryptoperidinium and Durinskia have a diatom (heterokontophyte) derived chloroplast", "572967e31d046914007793b1": " endosymbiotic event that led to this chloroplast was serial secondary endosymbiosis", "572967e31d046914007793b2": " endosymbiotic event that led to this chloroplast was serial secondary endosymbiosis", "572967e31d046914007793b3": " green algal derived chloroplast", "572967e31d046914007793b4": " a green algal derived chloroplast", "572967e31d046914007793b5": " dinophytes", "5729686d1d046914007793c1": " 850 protein encoding genes\u2014far less than the three million base pair Synechococcus genome", "5729686d1d046914007793c2": " 850 protein encoding genes\u2014far less than the three million base pair Synechococcus genome", "5729686d1d046914007793c3": " 850 protein encoding genes\u2014far less than the three million base pair Synechococcus genome", "5729686d1d046914007793c4": " 850 protein encoding genes\u2014far less than the three million base pair Synechococcus genome", "5729686d1d046914007793c5": " 850 protein encoding genes\u2014far less than the three million base pair Synechococcus genome", "572968cf1d046914007793cb": " green algae", "572968cf1d046914007793cc": " green algae", "572968cf1d046914007793cd": " DNAs from various species have been sequenced, but they're mostly those of land plants and green algae", "572968cf1d046914007793ce": " green algae", "572968cf1d046914007793cf": "Chloroplasts have their own DNA, often abbreviated as ctDNA, or cpDNA. It is also known as the plastome", "57296977af94a219006aa3bd": " chloroplast lineages (glaucophyta and rhodophyce\u00e6", "57296977af94a219006aa3be": " chloroplast lineages (glaucophyta and rhodophyce\u00e6", "57296977af94a219006aa3bf": " chloroplast lineages (glaucophyta and rhodophyce\u00e6", "572969f51d046914007793dd": " Multiple replication forks open up, allowing replication machinery to transcribe the DNA. As replication continues, the forks grow and eventually converge. The new cpDNA", "572969f51d046914007793de": " adopts a theta intermediary form, also known as a Cairns replication intermediate, and completes replication with a rolling circle mechanism", "572969f51d046914007793e0": " Multiple replication forks open up, allowing replication machinery to transcribe the DNA. As replication continues, the forks grow and eventually converge. The new cpDNA", "572969f51d046914007793df": " Multiple replication forks open up, allowing replication machinery to transcribe the DNA. As replication continues, the forks grow and eventually converge. The new cpDNA", "572969f51d046914007793e1": " adopts a theta intermediary form, also known as a Cairns replication intermediate, and completes replication with a rolling circle", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c3": " a minority of the genetic material is kept in circular chromosomes", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c4": " a minority of the genetic material is kept in circular chromosomes", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c5": " a minority of the genetic material is kept in circular chromosomes", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c6": " a minority of the genetic material is kept in circular chromosomes", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c7": " a minority of the genetic material is kept in circular chromosomes", "57296ab93f37b31900478369": " T4. It has been established that some plants have linear cpDNA", "57296ab93f37b3190047836a": " T4. It has been established that some plants have linear cpDNA", "57296ab93f37b3190047836b": " cpDNA replication asserts that most cpDNA is linear and participates in homologous recombination and replication structures similar to bacteriophage T4", "57296ab93f37b3190047836c": " multiple A --> G gradients seen in plastomes", "57296b151d046914007793f1": "gal derived chloroplast", "57296b151d046914007793f2": "gal derived chloroplast", "57296b151d046914007793f3": "gal derived chloroplast", "57296b151d046914007793f4": "gal derived chloroplast", "57296bf96aef051400154e52": " A few chloroplast genes found new homes in the mitochondrial genome\u2014most became nonfunctional pseudogenes", "57296bf96aef051400154e53": " A few chloroplast genes found new homes in the mitochondrial genome", "57296bf96aef051400154e54": " A few chloroplast genes found new homes in the mitochondrial genome\u2014most became nonfunctional pseudogenes", "57296bf96aef051400154e55": " A few chloroplast genes found new homes in the mitochondrial genome", "57296c5c3f37b3190047837f": "peptide is synthesized on a ribosome in the cytosol, an enzyme specific to chloroplast proteins", "57296c5c3f37b31900478380": "peptide is synthesized on a ribosome in the cytosol, an enzyme specific to chloroplast proteins", "57296c5c3f37b31900478381": " phosphate group", "57296c5c3f37b31900478382": "peptide get imported into the chloroplast", "57296cb21d04691400779403": " Sirogonium). Some algae have two chloroplasts in each cell", "57296cb21d04691400779404": " lens-shaped, 5\u20138 \u03bcm in diameter and 1\u20133 \u03bcm thick. Greater diversity in chloroplast shapes", "57296cb21d04691400779405": " Sirogonium). Some algae have two chloroplasts in each cell", "57296cb21d04691400779406": " Sirogonium). Some algae have two chloroplasts in each cell", "57296cb21d04691400779407": " Sirogonium). Some algae have two chloroplasts in each cell", "57296d1b1d0469140077940d": " cell membrane infolding to form a vesicle to surround the ancestral cyanobacterium", "57296d1b1d0469140077940e": " endosymbiotic cyanobacteria", "57296d1b1d0469140077940f": " endosymbiotic cyanobacteria", "57296d8d1d0469140077941d": " no counterpart in the mitochondrion", "57296d8d1d0469140077941e": " no counterpart in the mitochondrion", "57296d8d1d0469140077941f": " ion flow is in the opposite direction compared to oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria", "57296d8d1d04691400779420": " no counterpart in the mitochondrion", "57296d8d1d04691400779421": " thylakoid system", "57296de03f37b3190047839b": " a growing body of evidence that stromules are functional, integral features of plant cell plastids", "57296de03f37b3190047839c": " a growing body of evidence that stromules are functional, integral features of plant cell plastids", "57296de03f37b3190047839d": " a growing body of evidence that stromules are functional, integral features of plant cell plastids", "57296de03f37b3190047839e": " a growing body of evidence that stromules are functional, integral features of plant cell plastids", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e5": " angiosperms", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e6": " angiosperms", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e7": " angiosperms", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e8": " angiosperms", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e9": " angiosperms", "57296eb01d04691400779435": " 17 nm vs 25 nm). They take mRNAs transcribed from the chloroplast DNA", "57296eb01d04691400779436": " 17 nm vs 25 nm). They take mRNAs transcribed from the chloroplast DNA", "57296eb01d04691400779437": " 17 nm vs 25 nm). They take mRNAs transcribed from the chloroplast DNA", "57296eb01d04691400779438": " 17 nm vs 25 nm). They take mRNAs transcribed from the chloroplast DNA", "57296eb01d04691400779439": "dalgarno sequence recognition, which is considered essential for translation initiation in most chloroplasts and prokaryotes", "57296eee6aef051400154e8e": " chloroplasts", "57296eee6aef051400154e8f": " chloroplasts", "57296eee6aef051400154e90": " chloroplasts", "57296eee6aef051400154e91": " chloroplasts", "57296eee6aef051400154e92": " chloroplasts", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fb": " thylakoid or to another plastoglobulus", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fc": " thylakoid or to another plastoglobulus", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fd": " thylakoid or to another plastoglobulus", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fe": " thylakoid or to another plastoglobulus", "57296f85af94a219006aa403": " hornworts and algae contain structures called pyrenoids", "57296f85af94a219006aa404": " hornworts and algae contain structures called pyrenoids", "57296f85af94a219006aa405": " hornworts and algae contain structures called pyrenoids", "57296f85af94a219006aa406": " hornworts and algae contain structures called pyrenoids", "57296f85af94a219006aa407": " hornworts and algae contain structures called pyrenoids", "57296fd71d0469140077943f": " two to a hundred thylakoids", "57296fd71d04691400779440": " thylakoids", "57296fd71d04691400779441": " a hundred thylakoids", "57296fd71d04691400779442": " a hundred thylakoids", "57296fd71d04691400779443": " thylakoids", "5729703d3f37b319004783bb": " light-harvesting complexes with chlorophyll and carotenoids that absorb light energy and use it to energize electrons", "5729703d3f37b319004783bc": " hydrogen ions in the thylakoid space", "5729703d3f37b319004783bd": "akoid membrane use the energized electrons to pump hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space", "5729703d3f37b319004783be": " light-harvesting complexes with chlorophyll and carotenoids", "5729703d3f37b319004783bf": " hydrogen ions in the thylakoid space to generate ATP energy as the hydrogen ions flow back out into the stroma", "572970916aef051400154eba": "akoids, which are arranged in grana, and stromal thylakoids", "572970916aef051400154ebb": " thylakoids are pancake-shaped circular disks about 300\u2013600 nanometers in diameter", "572970916aef051400154ebc": "akoids, which are arranged in grana, and stromal thylakoids", "572970916aef051400154ebe": " thylakoids are pancake-shaped circular disks about 300\u2013600 nanometers in diameter", "572970916aef051400154ebd": " thylakoids are pancake-shaped circular disks about 300\u2013600 nanometers in diameter", "57297103af94a219006aa423": " yellow\u2013orange pigments called carotenoids are also found in the photosystems. There are about thirty photosynthetic carotenoids", "57297103af94a219006aa424": " yellow\u2013orange pigments called carotenoids", "57297103af94a219006aa425": " thirty photosynthetic carotenoids", "57297103af94a219006aa426": " a bright red-orange carotenoid found in nearly all chloroplasts", "57297103af94a219006aa427": " \u03b2-carotene is a bright red-orange carotenoid found in nearly all chloroplasts", "5729714daf94a219006aa42d": " 40 nanometers across called phycobilisomes", "5729714daf94a219006aa42e": " 40 nanometers across called phycobilisomes", "5729714daf94a219006aa42f": " 40 nanometers across called phycobilisomes", "5729714daf94a219006aa430": " 40 nanometers across called phycobilisomes", "5729714daf94a219006aa431": " 40 nanometers across called phycobilisomes", "572971af6aef051400154ede": " light reactions of photosynthesis, causing issues down the line in the Calvin cycle", "572971af6aef051400154edf": " light reactions of photosynthesis, causing issues down the line in the Calvin cycle", "572971af6aef051400154ee0": " light reactions of photosynthesis, causing issues down the line in the Calvin cycle", "572971af6aef051400154ee1": " Calvin cycle", "572971af6aef051400154ee2": " light reactions of photosynthesis, causing issues down the line in the Calvin cycle", "5729723c6aef051400154ee8": " electron flow, a light-driven method of synthesizing ATP to power the Calvin cycle", "5729723c6aef051400154ee9": " rubisco activity. Because of this, they lack thylakoids organized into grana stacks", "5729723c6aef051400154eea": " rubisco activity. Because of this, they lack thylakoids organized into grana stacks", "5729723c6aef051400154eeb": " electron flow, a light-driven method of synthesizing ATP to power the Calvin cycle", "5729723c6aef051400154eec": " rubisco activity. Because of this, they lack thylakoids organized into grana stacks", "5729729a1d0469140077948b": " green parts of a plant contain chloroplasts", "5729729a1d0469140077948c": " green parts of a plant contain chloroplasts", "5729729a1d0469140077948d": " green parts of a plant contain chloroplasts", "5729729a1d0469140077948e": " green parts of a plant contain chloroplasts", "5729729a1d0469140077948f": " green parts of a plant contain chloroplasts", "572972f46aef051400154ef2": "70 chloroplasts", "572972f46aef051400154ef3": " mesophyll layers of a leaf, and the guard cells of stomata", "572972f46aef051400154ef6": "\u201315 per cell", "572972f46aef051400154ef4": " mesophyll layers of a leaf, and the guard cells of stomata", "572972f46aef051400154ef5": " mesophyll layers of a leaf, and the guard cells of stomata", "5729735c3f37b319004783fb": " land plants evolved to have many small chloroplasts instead of a few big ones", "5729735c3f37b319004783fc": " land plants evolved to have many small chloroplasts instead of a few big ones", "5729735c3f37b319004783fd": " land plants evolved to have many small chloroplasts instead of a few big ones", "5729735c3f37b319004783fe": " a few big ones", "5729735c3f37b319004783ff": " land plants evolved to have many small chloroplasts instead of a few big ones", "572973ccaf94a219006aa449": " any pathogens within the cell. Lower levels of reactive oxygen species initiate systemic acquired resistance", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44a": "Plants have two main immune responses\u2014the hypersensitive response, in which infected cells seal themselves off and undergo programmed cell death, and systemic acquired resistance", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44b": " a pathogen's presence. Chloroplasts stimulate both responses by purposely damaging their photosynthetic system, producing reactive oxygen species", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44c": " two main immune responses\u2014the hypersensitive response, in which infected cells seal themselves off and undergo programmed cell death, and systemic acquired resistance", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44d": "Plants have two main immune responses\u2014the hypersensitive response, in which infected cells seal themselves off and undergo programmed cell death, and systemic acquired resistance", "57297427af94a219006aa453": " retrograde signaling\u2014signals from the chloroplast that regulate gene expression in the nucleus", "57297427af94a219006aa454": " retrograde signaling\u2014signals from the chloroplast that regulate gene expression in the nucleus", "57297427af94a219006aa455": "icylic acid, jasmonic acid", "57297427af94a219006aa456": "icylic acid, jasmonic acid, nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species", "572974923f37b3190047840b": "H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are used in photosynthesis", "572974923f37b3190047840c": "H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are used in photosynthesis", "572974923f37b3190047840d": "H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are used in photosynthesis", "572974923f37b3190047840e": "H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are used in photosynthesis", "572974923f37b3190047840f": "H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are used in photosynthesis", "572975073f37b31900478415": " light energy to energize electrons taken from water, and release them down an electron transport chain", "572975073f37b31900478416": " light energy to energize electrons taken from water, and release them down an electron transport chain", "572975073f37b31900478417": " chloroplasts use the potential energy stored in an H+, or hydrogen ion gradient", "572975073f37b31900478418": " chloroplasts use the potential energy stored in an H+, or hydrogen ion gradient", "572975073f37b31900478419": " chloroplasts use the potential energy stored in an H+, or hydrogen ion gradient", "572975511d046914007794a7": "ophosphorylation is common in C4 plants", "572975511d046914007794a8": "ophosphorylation is common in C4 plants", "572975511d046914007794a9": "ophosphorylation is common in C4 plants", "572975511d046914007794aa": "ophosphorylation is common in C4 plants", "572975a3af94a219006aa465": " Calvin cycle starts by using the enzyme Rubisco to fix CO2 into five-carbon Ribulose bisphosphate", "572975a3af94a219006aa466": " Ribulose bisphosphate", "572975a3af94a219006aa467": " Calvin cycle starts by using the enzyme Rubisco to fix CO2 into five-carbon Ribulose bisphosphate", "572975a3af94a219006aa468": " five-carbon Ribulose bisphosphate", "572976183f37b31900478431": " phosphate supply, which indirectly stimulates chloroplast starch synthesis", "572976183f37b31900478432": " phosphate supply, which indirectly stimulates chloroplast starch synthesis", "572976183f37b31900478433": " phosphate supply, which indirectly stimulates chloroplast starch synthesis", "572976183f37b31900478434": " phosphate supply, which indirectly stimulates chloroplast starch synthesis", "572976183f37b31900478435": " phosphate supply, which indirectly stimulates chloroplast starch synthesis", "572976791d046914007794af": " O2 instead of CO2 to RuBP. This process reduces the efficiency of photosynthesis", "572976791d046914007794b0": " no sugar. It can waste up to half the carbon fixed by the Calvin cycle", "572976791d046914007794b1": " no sugar. It can waste up to half the carbon fixed by the Calvin cycle", "572976791d046914007794b2": " Calvin cycle", "572976791d046914007794b3": " O2 instead of CO2 to RuBP. This process reduces the efficiency of photosynthesis", "572976cfaf94a219006aa493": " sulfur-containing ones like cysteine and methionine", "572976cfaf94a219006aa494": " methionine. Cysteine is made in the chloroplast (the proplastid too)", "572976cfaf94a219006aa495": " methionine. Cysteine is made in the chloroplast (the proplastid too)", "572976cfaf94a219006aa496": " sulfur-containing ones like cysteine and methionine", "57297725af94a219006aa49b": " adult plant's apical meristems", "57297725af94a219006aa49c": " adult plant's apical meristems", "57297725af94a219006aa49d": " adult plant's apical meristems", "57297725af94a219006aa49e": " adult plant's apical meristems", "5729779b6aef051400154f62": " angiosperm shoots are not exposed to the required light for chloroplast formation, proplastids may develop into an etioplast", "5729779b6aef051400154f63": " angiosperm shoots are not exposed to the required light for chloroplast formation, proplastids may develop into an etioplast", "5729779b6aef051400154f64": " angiosperm shoots are not exposed to the required light for chloroplast formation, proplastids may develop into an etioplast", "5729779b6aef051400154f65": " angiosperm shoots are not exposed to the required light for chloroplast formation, proplastids may develop into an etioplast", "5729779b6aef051400154f66": " angiosperm shoots are not exposed to the required light for chloroplast formation, proplastids may develop into an etioplast", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ad": " chromoplasts, which are pigment-filled plastids", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ae": " pigment-filled plastids", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4af": " chromoplasts, which are pigment-filled plastids", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b0": " pigment-filled plastids", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b1": " pigment-filled plastids", "5729784b1d046914007794c9": " filaments, and with the help of a protein ARC6, form a structure called a Z-ring", "5729784b1d046914007794ca": " filaments, and with the help of a protein ARC6, form a structure called a Z-ring", "5729784b1d046914007794cb": " filaments, and with the help of a protein ARC6, form a structure called a Z-ring", "5729784b1d046914007794cc": " filaments, and with the help of a protein ARC6, form a structure called a Z-ring", "5729784b1d046914007794cd": " filaments, and with the help of a protein ARC6, form a structure called a Z-ring within the chloroplast's stroma", "5729789b6aef051400154f6c": "dividing ring is located in the inner side of the chloroplast's inner membrane", "5729789b6aef051400154f6d": "dividing ring is located in the inner side of the chloroplast's inner membrane", "5729789b6aef051400154f6e": "dividing ring located in the chloroplast's intermembrane space", "5729789b6aef051400154f6f": "dividing ring located in the chloroplast's intermembrane space", "5729789b6aef051400154f70": "dividing ring is located in the inner side of the chloroplast's inner membrane", "572978e66aef051400154f76": " green light, but are slow to complete division\u2014they require exposure to bright white light", "572978e66aef051400154f78": " green light, but are slow to complete division\u2014they require exposure to bright white light", "572978e66aef051400154f79": " Spinach leaves grown under green light have been observed to contain many large dumbbell-shaped chloroplasts", "572978e66aef051400154f77": " green light, but are slow to complete division\u2014they require exposure to bright white light", "57297991af94a219006aa4b7": " tobacco plants are promising, showing a failed containment rate of transplastomic plants", "57297991af94a219006aa4b8": " tobacco plants are promising, showing a failed containment rate of transplastomic plants", "57297991af94a219006aa4b9": " all relevant crop species, recent results in tobacco plants are promising, showing a failed containment rate of transplastomic plants", "57297991af94a219006aa4ba": " tobacco plants are promising, showing a failed containment rate of transplastomic plants", "57296d571d04691400779413": " 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors, whereas 6 is composite because it has the divisors 2 and 3", "57296d571d04691400779414": " 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors, whereas 6 is composite because it has the divisors 2 and 3", "57296d571d04691400779415": " 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors, whereas 6 is composite because it has the divisors 2 and 3", "57296d571d04691400779416": " 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors", "57296d571d04691400779417": " 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors, whereas 6 is composite because it has the divisors 2 and 3", "57296f293f37b319004783a3": " January 2016[update], the largest known prime number has 22,338,618 decimal digits", "57296f293f37b319004783a4": " simple but slow method of verifying the primality of a given number n is known as trial division", "57296f293f37b319004783a5": " trial division", "57296f293f37b319004783a6": " trial division", "57296f293f37b319004783a7": " 22,338,618 decimal digits", "572970c11d04691400779463": " 300 BC. There is no known simple formula that separates prime numbers from composite numbers", "572970c11d04691400779464": " 300 BC", "572970c11d04691400779465": " 300 BC. There is no known simple formula that separates prime numbers from composite numbers", "572970c11d04691400779466": " 300 BC. There is no known simple formula that separates prime numbers from composite numbers", "572970c11d04691400779467": " 19th century", "5729727baf94a219006aa437": " public-key cryptography", "5729727baf94a219006aa438": " public-key cryptography, which makes use of properties such as the difficulty of factoring large numbers into their prime factors", "5729727baf94a219006aa439": " public-key cryptography", "5729727baf94a219006aa43a": " public-key cryptography", "5729727baf94a219006aa43b": " public-key cryptography", "572973f76aef051400154f0a": "Hence, 6 is not prime. The image at the right illustrates that 12 is not prime: 12 = 3", "572973f76aef051400154f0b": " 6 is not prime. The image at the right illustrates that 12 is not prime: 12 = 3", "572973f76aef051400154f0c": " 6 is not prime. The image at the right illustrates that 12 is not prime: 12 = 3", "572973f76aef051400154f0d": "Hence, 6 is not prime. The image at the right illustrates that 12 is not prime", "572973f76aef051400154f0e": " 6 is not prime. The image at the right illustrates that 12 is not prime: 12 = 3", "57297547af94a219006aa45b": " Goldbach listed 1 as the first prime in his famous correspondence with Leonhard Euler", "57297547af94a219006aa45c": " Goldbach listed 1 as the first prime in his famous correspondence with Leonhard Euler", "57297547af94a219006aa45d": " Goldbach listed 1 as the first prime in his famous correspondence with Leonhard Euler", "57297547af94a219006aa45e": " Goldbach listed 1 as the first prime in his famous correspondence with Leonhard Euler", "57297547af94a219006aa45f": " Goldbach listed 1 as the first prime in his famous correspondence with Leonhard Euler", "57297781af94a219006aa4a3": " sieve that considers 1 as prime would eliminate all multiples of 1 (that is, all other numbers)", "57297781af94a219006aa4a4": " sieve that considers 1 as prime would eliminate all multiples of 1 (that is, all other numbers)", "57297781af94a219006aa4a6": " 15", "57297781af94a219006aa4a5": " sieve that considers 1 as prime would eliminate all multiples of 1 (that is, all other numbers)", "57297781af94a219006aa4a7": " 3 \u00b7 5 and 1 \u00b7 3 \u00b7 5; if 1 were admitted as a prime, these two presentations would be considered different factorizations", "572978f91d046914007794d3": " 300 BC) contain important theorems about primes", "572978f91d046914007794d4": " 300 BC) contain important theorems about primes", "572978f91d046914007794d5": " 300 BC) contain important theorems about primes", "572978f91d046914007794d6": " 300 BC) contain important theorems about primes", "572978f91d046914007794d7": " Mersenne prime. The Sieve of Eratosthenes, attributed to Eratosthenes", "57297a276aef051400154f88": " + 1 are prime (they are called Fermat numbers)", "57297a276aef051400154f89": " + 1 are prime (they are called Fermat numbers)", "57297a276aef051400154f8a": " + 1 are prime (they are called Fermat numbers)", "57297a276aef051400154f8c": " + 1 are prime (they are called Fermat numbers)", "57297a276aef051400154f8b": " + 1 are prime (they are called Fermat numbers)", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c7": " trial division", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c8": " trial division", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c9": " trial division", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4cb": " trial division", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4ca": " trial division", "57297d421d046914007794e5": " trial division is a deterministic algorithm", "57297d421d046914007794e6": " trial division is a deterministic algorithm", "57297d421d046914007794e7": " trial division is a deterministic algorithm", "57297d421d046914007794e8": " probabilistic (or \"Monte Carlo\") and deterministic algorithms", "57297d421d046914007794e9": " trial division is a deterministic algorithm", "57297ed93f37b3190047845f": "A particularly simple example of a probabilistic test is the Fermat primality test", "57297ed93f37b31900478460": " random value", "57297ed93f37b31900478461": " random value", "57297ed93f37b31900478462": "A particularly simple example of a probabilistic test is the Fermat primality test", "57297ed93f37b31900478463": "A particularly simple example of a probabilistic test is the Fermat primality test", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d1": "Lehmer test is particularly fast for numbers of this form. This is why the largest known prime has almost always been a Mersenne prime", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d2": "Lehmer test is particularly fast for numbers of this form. This is why the largest known prime has almost always been a Mersenne prime", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d3": "Lehmer test is particularly fast for numbers of this form. This is why the largest known prime has almost always been a Mersenne prime", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d4": "Lehmer test is particularly fast for numbers of this form. This is why the largest known prime has almost always been a Mersenne prime", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d5": "Lehmer test is particularly fast for numbers of this form. This is why the largest known prime has almost always been a Mersenne prime", "572982e66aef051400154f92": "$100,000 prize for first discovering a prime with at least 10 million digits", "572982e66aef051400154f93": "$100,000 prize for first discovering a prime with at least 10 million digits", "572982e66aef051400154f94": "$100,000 prize for first discovering a prime with at least 10 million digits", "572982e66aef051400154f95": "$100,000 prize for first discovering a prime with at least 10 million digits", "572982e76aef051400154f96": "$100,000 prize for first discovering a prime with at least 10 million digits", "572985011d04691400779501": " Chebyshev), which states that there always exists at least one prime number p with n < p < 2n", "572985011d04691400779502": " Chebyshev), which states that there always exists at least one prime number p with n < p < 2", "572985011d04691400779503": " Chebyshev), which states that there always exists at least one prime number p with n < p < 2n", "572985011d04691400779504": " Chebyshev), which states that there always exists at least one prime number p with n < p < 2n", "572985011d04691400779505": " Chebyshev), which states that there always exists at least one prime number p with n < p < 2n", "572987e46aef051400154fa2": "ichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions", "572987e46aef051400154fa3": "ichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions", "572987e46aef051400154fa4": "ichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions", "572987e46aef051400154fa5": "ichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions", "572987e46aef051400154fa6": "ichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions", "572989846aef051400154fc0": " primes. Another example of the richness of the zeta function and a glimpse of modern algebraic number theory", "572989846aef051400154fc1": " zeta function and a glimpse of modern algebraic number theory", "572989846aef051400154fc2": " primes", "572989846aef051400154fc3": " primes. Another example of the richness of the zeta function and a glimpse of modern algebraic number theory", "572989846aef051400154fc4": " primes. Another example of the richness of the zeta function and a glimpse of modern algebraic number theory", "57298ef11d0469140077952d": " 1859", "57298ef11d0469140077952e": " 1859", "57298ef11d0469140077952f": " 1859", "57298ef11d04691400779530": " 1859", "57298ef11d04691400779531": " 1859", "57299021af94a219006aa50c": " February 2011[update], this conjecture has been verified for all numbers up to n = 2", "57299021af94a219006aa50b": " February 2011[update], this conjecture has been verified for all numbers up to n = 2", "57299021af94a219006aa50d": " two primes. As of February 2011[update], this conjecture has been verified for all numbers up to n = 2", "57299021af94a219006aa50e": " February 2011[update], this conjecture has been verified for all numbers up to n = 2", "57299021af94a219006aa50f": " February 2011[update], this conjecture has been verified for all numbers up to n = 2", "572991943f37b319004784a1": " Polignac's conjecture is a strengthening of that conjecture", "572991943f37b319004784a2": " Polignac's conjecture is a strengthening of that conjecture", "572991943f37b319004784a3": " Polignac's conjecture is a strengthening of that conjecture", "572991943f37b319004784a4": " Polignac's conjecture is a strengthening of that conjecture", "572991943f37b319004784a5": " Polignac's conjecture is a strengthening of that conjecture", "57299326af94a219006aa515": " public key cryptography", "57299326af94a219006aa516": " public key cryptography", "57299326af94a219006aa517": " a long time, number theory in general, and the study of prime numbers in particular, was seen as the canonical example of pure mathematics", "57299326af94a219006aa518": " a long time, number theory in general, and the study of prime numbers in particular, was seen as the canonical example of pure mathematics", "57299326af94a219006aa519": " public key cryptography", "572995d46aef051400154fe8": " fraction 1/p expressed likewise in base q", "572995d46aef051400154fe9": " fraction 1/p expressed likewise in base q", "572995d46aef051400154fea": " Fermat's little theorem is the following: if p is a prime number other than 2 and 5, 1/", "572995d46aef051400154feb": " Fermat's little theorem is the following: if p is a prime number other than 2 and 5, 1/", "572995d46aef051400154fec": " fraction 1/p expressed likewise in base q (rather than base 10) has similar effect, provided that p is not a prime factor of q", "572996c73f37b319004784b3": " Diffie\u2013Hellman key exchange relies on the fact that there are efficient algorithms for modular exponentiation", "572996c73f37b319004784b4": " Diffie\u2013Hellman key exchange relies on the fact that there are efficient algorithms for modular exponentiation", "572996c73f37b319004784b5": " Diffie\u2013Hellman key exchange relies on the fact that there are efficient algorithms for modular exponentiation", "572996c73f37b319004784b6": " cryptography algorithms, such as RSA and the Diffie\u2013Hellman key exchange, are based on large prime numbers", "572996c73f37b319004784b7": " cryptography algorithms, such as RSA and the Diffie\u2013Hellman key exchange, are based on large prime numbers", "572998673f37b319004784d5": " Magicicada", "572998673f37b319004784d6": " a prime-numbered life-cycle", "572998673f37b319004784d7": " a prime-numbered life-cycle", "572998673f37b319004784d8": " a prime-numbered life-cycle", "572998673f37b319004784d9": " a prime-numbered life-cycle", "57299a6f6aef051400155016": " nontrivial knots. Any knot can be uniquely expressed as a connected sum of prime knots. Prime models and prime 3-manifolds", "57299a6f6aef051400155017": " nontrivial knots. Any knot can be uniquely expressed as a connected sum of prime knots. Prime models and prime 3-manifolds", "57299a6f6aef051400155019": " nontrivial knots. Any knot can be uniquely expressed as a connected sum of prime knots", "57299a6f6aef05140015501a": " nontrivial knots. Any knot can be uniquely expressed as a connected sum of prime knots. Prime models and prime 3-manifolds", "57299a6f6aef051400155018": " nontrivial knots. Any knot can be uniquely expressed as a connected sum of prime knots. Prime models and prime 3-manifolds", "57299c2c6aef051400155020": " two more general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring", "57299c2c6aef051400155021": " two more general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring", "57299c2c6aef051400155022": " two more general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring", "57299c2c6aef051400155023": " two more general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring", "57299c2c6aef051400155024": " two more general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring", "57299d1c1d04691400779581": " Gaussian primes", "57299d1c1d04691400779582": " 4k + 3 are Gaussian primes", "57299d1c1d04691400779583": " Gaussian primes", "57299d1c1d04691400779584": " Gaussian primes", "57299d1c1d04691400779585": " 4k + 3 are Gaussian primes", "57299ec43f37b3190047850d": "etherian commutative ring", "57299ec43f37b3190047850e": "etherian commutative ring", "57299ec43f37b3190047850f": " commutative algebra, algebraic number theory and algebraic geometry", "57299ec43f37b31900478510": "etherian commutative ring", "57299ec43f37b31900478511": " Noetherian commutative ring", "5729a03f1d04691400779593": "Prime ideals are the points of algebro-geometric objects, via the notion of the spectrum of a ring", "5729a03f1d04691400779594": "geometric objects, via the notion of the spectrum of a ring", "5729a03f1d04691400779595": "geometric objects, via the notion of the spectrum of a ring", "5729a03f1d04691400779596": "geometric objects, via the notion of the spectrum of a ring", "5729a26d6aef05140015505a": " Ostrowski", "5729a26d6aef05140015505b": " infinite prime). While completing Q (roughly, filling the gaps) with respect to the absolute value yields the field of real numbers", "5729a26d6aef05140015505c": " Certain arithmetic questions related to Q", "5729a26d6aef05140015505d": " Certain arithmetic questions related to Q or more general global fields may be transferred back and forth to the completed (or local) fields", "5729a3716aef05140015506a": "1935) and Quatre \u00e9tudes de rythme (1949", "5729a3716aef05140015506b": "1935) and Quatre \u00e9tudes de rythme (1949", "5729a3716aef05140015506c": "1935) and Quatre \u00e9tudes de rythme (1949", "5729a3716aef05140015506d": "1935) and Quatre \u00e9tudes de rythme (1949", "5729a3716aef05140015506e": " Olivier Messiaen used prime numbers to create ametrical music", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55b": " canton of Graub\u00fcnden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-Liechtenstein", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55c": " canton of Graub\u00fcnden in the southeastern Swiss Alps", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55d": " canton of Graub\u00fcnden", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55e": " canton of Graub\u00fcnden in the southeastern Swiss Alps", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55f": " canton of Graub\u00fcnden in the southeastern Swiss Alps", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e37": " canton of Graub\u00fcnden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-Liechtenstein", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3a": " canton of Graub\u00fcnden in the southeastern Swiss Alps", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3b": " canton of Graub\u00fcnden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-Liechtenstein", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56b": " Ripuarian Rhing, while Palatine has diphthongized Rhei", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56c": " Gaulish name R\u0113nos, which was adapted in Roman-era geography (1st century BC", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56d": " Roman-era geography (1st century BC", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56e": " Roman-era geography (1st century BC", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad7": " Ripuarian Rhing, while Palatine has diphthongized Rhei", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad8": " Roman-era geography (1st century BC", "572fe288a23a5019007fcada": " Roman-era geography (1st century BC", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad9": " Roman-era geography (1st century BC", "572fe288a23a5019007fcadb": " Gaulish name R\u0113nos, which was adapted in Roman-era geography (1st century BC", "572f567cb2c2fd140056803f": " canalisation projects completed in the 19th and 20th century", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568040": " canalisation projects completed in the 19th and 20th century", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568041": " canalisation projects completed in the 19th and 20th century", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568042": " canalisation projects completed in the 19th and 20th century", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568043": " canalisation projects completed in the 19th and 20th century", "572fe393947a6a140053cdba": " canalisation projects completed in the 19th and 20th century", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbb": " canalisation projects completed in the 19th and 20th century", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbc": " canalisation projects completed in the 19th and 20th century", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbe": " canalisation projects completed in the 19th and 20th century", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbd": " canalisation projects completed in the 19th and 20th century", "572f5703a23a5019007fc573": "99 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley", "572f5703a23a5019007fc574": " 86 km long", "572f5703a23a5019007fc575": " 86 km long", "572f5703a23a5019007fc576": "99 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley", "572f5703a23a5019007fc577": "99 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4b": "99 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4c": "99 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4d": "99 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4e": "99 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4f": "99 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686d": " Lake Constance forms an inland delta. The delta is delimited in the West by the Alter Rhein (\"Old Rhine\")", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686e": " Lake Constance forms an inland delta", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686f": " Lake Constance forms an inland delta", "572f57c704bcaa1900d76870": " Lake Constance forms an inland delta", "572f57c704bcaa1900d76871": " Lake Constance forms an inland delta", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e55": " Lake Constance forms an inland delta", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e56": " Lake Constance forms an inland delta", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e57": " Lake Constance forms an inland delta", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e58": " Lake Constance forms an inland delta", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e59": " Lake Constance forms an inland delta", "572f5875947a6a140053c89a": "A regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepoldsau", "572f5875947a6a140053c89b": " Diepoldsau and a lower canal at Fu\u00dfach, in order to counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta", "572f5875947a6a140053c89c": "A regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepolds", "572f5875947a6a140053c89d": "A regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepoldsau", "572f5875947a6a140053c89e": " canal near Diepoldsau", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e69": "A regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepoldsau", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6b": " canal near Diepoldsau", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6a": "A regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepolds", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6c": "A regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepoldsau", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6d": " canal near Diepoldsau", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57d": " 47\u00b039\u2032N 9\u00b019\u2032E", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc580": " 47\u00b039\u2032N 9\u00b019\u2032E", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57e": " 47\u00b039\u2032N 9\u00b019\u2032E", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc581": " 47\u00b039\u2032N 9\u00b019\u2032E", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57f": " 47\u00b039\u2032N 9\u00b019\u2032E", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858b": " 47\u00b039\u2032N 9\u00b019\u2032E", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858c": " 47\u00b039\u2032N 9\u00b019\u2032E", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858d": " 47\u00b039\u2032N 9\u00b019\u2032E", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858e": " 47\u00b039\u2032N 9\u00b019\u2032E", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858f": " 47\u00b039\u2032N 9\u00b019\u2032E", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc587": " A small fraction of the flow is diverted off the island of Mainau into Lake \u00dcberlingen", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58a": " \u00dcberlingen", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc588": " A small fraction of the flow is diverted off the island of Mainau into Lake \u00dcberlingen", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58b": " A small fraction of the flow is diverted off the island of Mainau into Lake \u00dcberlingen", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc589": " A small fraction of the flow is diverted off the island of Mainau", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e95": " A small fraction of the flow is diverted off the island of Mainau into Lake \u00dcberlingen", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e96": " A small fraction of the flow is diverted off the island of Mainau into Lake \u00dcberlingen", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e97": " A small fraction of the flow is diverted off the island of Mainau", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e98": " A small fraction of the flow is diverted off the island of Mainau into Lake \u00dcberlingen", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e99": " A small fraction of the flow is diverted off the island of Mainau into Lake \u00dcberlingen", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5af": "274 m (14,022 ft) summit of Finsteraarhorn, the highest point of the Rhine basin", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b0": "274 m (14,022 ft) summit of Finsteraarhorn, the highest point of the Rhine basin", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b1": " Aare", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b2": "274 m (14,022 ft) summit of Finsteraarhorn, the highest point of the Rhine basin", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b3": "274 m (14,022 ft) summit of Finsteraarhorn, the highest point of the Rhine basin", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde0": "274 m (14,022 ft) summit of Finsteraarhorn, the highest point of the Rhine basin", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde1": " 4,274 m (14,022 ft) summit of Finsteraarhorn, the highest point of the Rhine basin", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde2": " Aare", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde3": " Aare", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde4": "274 m (14,022 ft) summit of Finsteraarhorn, the highest point of the Rhine basin", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ea": " Legally, the Central Bridge", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8eb": " Legally, the Central Bridge", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ec": " Legally, the Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ed": " 300 km long and up to 40 km wide", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ee": " Legally, the Central Bridge", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf2": " Legally, the Central Bridge", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf3": " Legally, the Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf4": " 300 km long and up to 40 km wide", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf5": " Legally, the Central Bridge", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf6": " Legally, the Central Bridge", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b7": "ine straightening program in the 19th Century", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b8": " straightening program in the 19th Century", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b9": " Dead branches dried up and the amount of forests on the flood plains decreased sharply", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680ba": " Dead branches dried up and the amount of forests on the flood plains decreased sharply. On the French side, the Grand Canal d'Alsace", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680bb": "ine straightening program in the 19th Century", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5b": " a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5c": " Upper Rhine region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5d": " Dead branches dried up and the amount of forests on the flood plains decreased sharply", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5e": " Dead branches dried up and the amount of forests on the flood plains decreased sharply", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5f": " a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cc": " 400 m", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cd": " Northeastern France", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cb": " Northeastern France", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680ce": " Vosges and Jura Mountains", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cf": " 400 m", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef5": " Vosges and Jura Mountains", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef6": " Northeastern France", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef7": " Northeastern France drains to the Rhine via the Moselle; smaller rivers drain the Vosges and Jura Mountains", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef8": " Northeastern France", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef9": " Northeastern France", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5eb": " 40 castles and fortresses from the Middle Ages", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ec": " 40 castles and fortresses from the Middle Ages", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ed": " 40 castles and fortresses from the Middle Ages", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ee": " 40 castles and fortresses from the Middle Ages", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76eff": " 40 castles and fortresses from the Middle Ages", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f00": " 40 castles and fortresses from the Middle Ages", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f02": " 40 castles and fortresses from the Middle Ages", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f03": " 40 castles and fortresses from the Middle Ages", "572f6c85947a6a140053c940": " Antwerp and Amsterdam", "572f6c85947a6a140053c942": " Antwerp and Amsterdam", "572f6c85947a6a140053c943": " Antwerp and Amsterdam", "572f6c85947a6a140053c944": " Antwerp and Amsterdam", "572f6c85947a6a140053c941": " Antwerp and Amsterdam", "572ff293947a6a140053ce52": " Antwerp and Amsterdam", "572ff293947a6a140053ce53": " Antwerp and Amsterdam", "572ff293947a6a140053ce54": " Antwerp and Amsterdam", "572ff293947a6a140053ce55": " Antwerp and Amsterdam", "572ff293947a6a140053ce56": " Antwerp and Amsterdam", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc621": " R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc622": " Rhine Valley can be considered the epitome of the Rhine romanticism", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc623": " viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge between R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc624": " Rhine Valley can be considered the epitome of the Rhine romanticism", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce66": "The dominant economic sectors in the Middle Rhine area are viniculture and tourism", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce67": " viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge between R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce68": " viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge between R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce69": " viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge between R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce6a": " viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge between R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz", "572f7588947a6a140053c984": " Lower Rhine flows through North Rhine-Westphalia", "572f7588947a6a140053c985": " Duisburg", "572f7588947a6a140053c986": " Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe", "572f7588947a6a140053c987": " Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe", "572f7588947a6a140053c988": " Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe", "572ff430a23a5019007fcba9": " Lower Rhine flows through North Rhine-Westphalia. Its banks are usually heavily populated and industrialized", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbaa": " Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbab": " Lower Rhine flows through North Rhine-Westphalia", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbac": " Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbad": " Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568154": " North Sea", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568153": " North Sea", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568155": " Two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f24": " Two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f25": " Two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f26": " North Sea", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f27": " North Sea", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a2": " Pannerdens Kanaal and redistributes in the IJssel and Nederrij", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a3": "ederrij", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a4": " IJssel and Nederrij", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a5": "a former bay), while the Nederrij", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2d": " IJssel and Nederrij", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2e": "ederrij", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2f": "anaal and redistributes in the IJssel and Nederrij", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f30": " IJssel and Nederrijn. The IJssel branch carries one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f31": " IJssel and Nederrijn. The IJssel branch carries one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568657": " north branch of the Rhine", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568658": " north branch of the Rhine", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568659": " Duurstede, the old north branch of the Rhine", "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865a": " Duurstede, the old north branch of the Rhine", "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865b": " north branch of the Rhine", "572ff673b2c2fd1400568669": " Rhine-Meuse Delta, the most important natural region of the Netherlands begins near Millingen aan de Rijn", "572ff673b2c2fd140056866a": " Lake Constance", "572ff673b2c2fd140056866b": " Lake Constance", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f51": " two bifurcations: first, at Millingen aan de Rijn, the Rhine splits into Waal and Pannerd", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f52": " two bifurcations: first, at Millingen aan de Rijn, the Rhine splits into Waal and Pannerd", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f53": " two bifurcations: first, at Millingen aan de Rijn", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f55": " two bifurcations: first, at Millingen aan de Rijn, the Rhine splits into Waal and Pannerd", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f54": " two bifurcations: first, at Millingen aan de Rijn, the Rhine splits into Waal and Pannerd", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568681": "1421), the Meuse flowed just south of today's line Merwede-Oude Maas", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568682": " estuary", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568683": " estuary with Waal and Lek. This system of numerous bays, estuary-like extended rivers, many islands", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568685": "1421), the Meuse flowed just south of today's line Merwede-Oude Maas", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568684": " estuary with Waal and Lek", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbce": " 20th Century", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcf": " 20th Century", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcd": " 20th Century", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbd0": " 20th Century", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869b": " Rhine-Meuse Delta is a tidal delta", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869c": " Brakel and Zaltbommel", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869d": " Waal, for example, the most landward tidal influence can be detected between Brakel and Zaltbommel", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869e": " Waal, for example, the most landward tidal influence can be detected between Brakel and Zaltbommel", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbe9": " Tethys Ocean, between the Eurasian and African tectonic plates", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbeb": " 220 MBP", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbec": " Tethys Ocean, between the Eurasian and African tectonic plates", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbea": " 220 MBP", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbed": " Tethys Ocean, between the Eurasian and African tectonic plates", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b7": " Eocene onwards, the ongoing Alpine orogeny caused a N\u2013S rift system to develop in this zone", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b8": " Eocene onwards, the ongoing Alpine orogeny caused a N\u2013S rift system to develop in this zone", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b9": " Eocene onwards, the ongoing Alpine orogeny caused a N\u2013S rift system to develop in this zone", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686ba": " Danube drained the northern flanks of the Alps", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef0": " Vosges", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef1": " Vosges", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef2": " Vosges Mountains", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc15": " Anglian glaciation", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc16": " Anglian glaciation (~450,000 yr BP", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc17": " 11,600 years ago) was the geological period of the Ice Ages", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc18": " Anglian glaciation", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc19": " Anglian glaciation", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e5": " 70,000 BP and around 29,000\u201324,000 BP. The last phase slightly predates the global last ice age", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e6": " 70,000 BP and around 29,000\u201324,000 BP. The last phase slightly predates the global last ice age", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e7": " 70,000 BP and around 29,000\u201324,000 BP. The last phase slightly predates the global last ice age", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e8": " 70,000 BP and around 29,000\u201324,000 BP. The last phase slightly predates the global last ice age", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e9": " 70,000 BP and around 29,000\u201324,000 BP. The last phase slightly predates the global last ice age", "572fff45947a6a140053cf26": " 22,000\u201314,000 yr BP, when ice-sheets covered Scandinavia, the Baltics, Scotland and the Alps", "572fff45947a6a140053cf27": " 22,000\u201314,000 yr BP, when ice-sheets covered Scandinavia, the Baltics, Scotland and the Alps", "572fff45947a6a140053cf28": " 22,000\u201314,000 yr BP, when ice-sheets covered Scandinavia, the Baltics, Scotland and the Alps", "572fff45947a6a140053cf29": " 22,000\u201314,000 yr BP", "572fff45947a6a140053cf2a": " 22,000\u201314,000 yr BP, when ice-sheets covered Scandinavia, the Baltics, Scotland and the Alps", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76fef": " 13,000 BP", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff0": " 13,000 BP", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff1": " 13,000 BP", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff2": " 13,000 BP", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff3": " 13,000 BP", "573003dd947a6a140053cf42": " 1\u20133 cm (0.39\u20131.18 in) per century", "573003dd947a6a140053cf43": " 1\u20133 cm (0.39\u20131.18 in) per century", "573003dd947a6a140053cf44": " 1\u20133 cm (0.39\u20131.18 in) per century", "573003dd947a6a140053cf45": " 1\u20133 cm (0.39\u20131.18 in) per century", "573003dd947a6a140053cf46": " 1\u20133 cm (0.39\u20131.18 in) per century", "5730042804bcaa1900d77011": " (~11,700 years ago), the Rhine occupied its Late-Glacial valley", "5730042804bcaa1900d77014": " (~11,700 years ago), the Rhine occupied its Late-Glacial valley", "5730042804bcaa1900d77012": " Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta", "5730042804bcaa1900d77013": " Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta", "57300580b2c2fd140056874d": " ~3000 yr BP", "57300580b2c2fd140056874f": " 11\u201313th century AD", "57300580b2c2fd140056874e": " 11\u201313th century AD", "57300580b2c2fd1400568751": " ~3000 yr BP", "57300580b2c2fd1400568750": " 80 avulsions have occurred. Direct human impact in the delta", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702d": " estuary, near Rotterdam", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702e": " estuary, near Rotterdam", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702f": " estuary, near Rotterdam", "5730069004bcaa1900d77030": " estuary, near Rotterdam", "5730069004bcaa1900d77031": " estuary, near Rotterdam", "57300761947a6a140053cf9a": " Gallia and Germania", "57300761947a6a140053cf9b": " Germania", "57300761947a6a140053cf9c": " Gallia and Germania", "57300761947a6a140053cf9d": " Gallia and Germania", "573007fab2c2fd140056876b": " Danube", "573007fab2c2fd140056876c": " Danube", "573007fab2c2fd140056876d": " Danube", "573007fab2c2fd140056876f": " Danube", "573007fab2c2fd140056876e": " AD 70, Rome accepted as her Germanic frontier the water-boundary of the Rhine and upper Danube", "57300888b2c2fd1400568775": " eight legions in five bases", "57300888b2c2fd1400568777": " eight legions in five bases along the Rhine", "57300888b2c2fd1400568778": " Germania", "57300888b2c2fd1400568776": " Germania Inferior, two legions at Vetera (Xanten), I Germanica and XX Valeria", "57300888b2c2fd1400568779": " Germania Inferior, two legions at Vetera (Xanten), I Germanica and XX Valeria", "57300911947a6a140053cfb6": " Alemannia on the High Rhine. This \"Germanic Heroic Age\" is reflected in medieval legend, such as the Nibelungenlied", "57300911947a6a140053cfb7": " Alemannia on the High Rhine. This \"Germanic Heroic Age\" is reflected in medieval legend, such as the Nibelungenlied", "57300911947a6a140053cfb8": " Alemannia on the High Rhine. This \"Germanic Heroic Age\" is reflected in medieval legend, such as the Nibelungenlied", "57300911947a6a140053cfb9": " Alemannia on the High Rhine. This \"Germanic Heroic Age\" is reflected in medieval legend, such as the Nibelungenlied", "57300911947a6a140053cfba": " Nibelungenlied", "573009a004bcaa1900d7704f": " Archduke Sigismund of Austria in 1469 and eventually fell to France in the Thirty Years' War", "573009a004bcaa1900d77050": " Archduke Sigismund of Austria in 1469 and eventually fell to France in the Thirty Years' War", "573009a004bcaa1900d77051": " Archduke Sigismund of Austria in 1469 and eventually fell to France in the Thirty Years' War", "573009a004bcaa1900d77052": " Archduke Sigismund of Austria in 1469 and eventually fell to France in the Thirty Years' War", "573009a004bcaa1900d77053": " Archduke Sigismund of Austria in 1469", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc97": " Westphalia, the Upper Rhine formed a contentious border between France and Germany", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc98": " Westphalia, the Upper Rhine formed a contentious border between France and Germany", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc99": " Westphalia, the Upper Rhine formed a contentious border between France and Germany", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9a": " Westphalia, the Upper Rhine formed a contentious border between France and Germany", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9b": " Westphalia, the Upper Rhine formed a contentious border between France and Germany", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77063": "ineland, in 1930 and the German army re-occupied it in 1936", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77064": " Versailles", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77065": " Versailles", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77066": "ineland, in 1930 and the German army re-occupied it in 1936", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77067": " Versailles", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77087": " Seven Days to the River Rhine was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77088": " Seven Days to the River Rhine was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77089": " Seven Days to the River Rhine was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe", "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708a": " Seven Days to the River Rhine was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe", "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708b": " Seven Days to the River Rhine was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe", "57300c67947a6a140053cff0": "764 miles). In 1932 the German encyclopedia Knaurs Lexikon stated the length as 1,320 kilometres", "57300c67947a6a140053cff1": "764 miles). In 1932 the German encyclopedia Knaurs Lexikon stated the length as 1,320 kilometres", "57300c67947a6a140053cff3": "764 miles). In 1932 the German encyclopedia Knaurs Lexikon stated the length as 1,320 kilometres", "57300c67947a6a140053cff2": "764 miles). In 1932 the German encyclopedia Knaurs Lexikon stated the length as 1,320 kilometres", "57300c68947a6a140053cff4": "764 miles). In 1932 the German encyclopedia Knaurs Lexikon stated the length as 1,320 kilometres", "572fac17947a6a140053cb54": " 12 May 1999", "572fac17947a6a140053cb55": " 12 May 1999", "572fac17947a6a140053cb56": " 12 May 1999", "572fac17947a6a140053cb57": " 12 May 1999", "572fac17947a6a140053cb58": " 12 May 1999", "572facb0a23a5019007fc863": " 1973 recommending the establishment of a directly elected Scottish Assembly to legislate for the majority of domestic Scottish affairs", "572facb0a23a5019007fc864": " Labour government of Harold Wilson", "572facb0a23a5019007fc865": " 1914, but were shelved due to the outbreak of the First World War", "572facb0a23a5019007fc866": " the late 1960s fuelled demands for some form of home rule or complete independence, and in 1969 prompted the incumbent Labour government of Harold Wilson", "572facb0a23a5019007fc867": " Assembly", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86d": " Scottish National Party (SNP) resulted in rising support for Scottish independence", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86e": "SNP) resulted in rising support for Scottish independence", "572fad30a23a5019007fc870": " 1974", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86f": "SNP) resulted in rising support for Scottish independence", "572fad30a23a5019007fc871": " 1974", "572fadcbb2c2fd1400568329": " 1 March 1979", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832a": " 1 March 1979", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832c": " 1 March 1979", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832b": " 1 March 1979", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832d": " 1 March 1979", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76bdf": " a Scottish Parliament grew, in part because the government of the United Kingdom was controlled by the Conservative Party, while Scotland itself elected relatively few Conservative MPs", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be0": " few Conservative MPs", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be1": " few Conservative MPs", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be2": " few Conservative MPs", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568333": " Enric Miralles", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568334": " Enric Miralles", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568335": " Enric Miralles", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568336": " Enric Miralles", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568337": " Enric Miralles", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568349": " Parliament's temporary home was the General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland on the Royal Mile in Edinburgh", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568347": " General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland on the Royal Mile in Edinburgh", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568348": " Holyrood was being constructed, the Parliament's temporary home was the General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland on the Royal Mile in Edinburgh", "572faf74b2c2fd140056834b": "Whilst the permanent building at Holyrood was being constructed, the Parliament's temporary home was the General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland", "572faf74b2c2fd140056834a": " Holyrood was being constructed, the Parliament's temporary home was the General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland on the Royal Mile in Edinburgh", "572fb059947a6a140053cb80": " Regional Council on George IV", "572fb059947a6a140053cb81": " Regional Council on George IV", "572fb059947a6a140053cb82": " High Street and George IV Bridge in Edinburgh", "572fb059947a6a140053cb83": " Regional Council on George IV", "572fb059947a6a140053cb84": " Regional Council on George IV", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c15": " 129 MSPs, which is the only secret ballot conducted in the Scottish Parliament", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c16": " 129 MSPs, which is the only secret ballot conducted in the Scottish Parliament", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c17": " 129 MSPs", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c18": " 129 MSPs, which is the only secret ballot conducted in the Scottish Parliament", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c19": " 129 MSPs", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f7": " Presiding Officer also represents the Scottish Parliament", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f8": " Presiding Officer also represents the Scottish Parliament", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f9": " Presiding Officer also represents the Scottish Parliament", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8fa": " Presiding Officer also represents the Scottish Parliament at home and abroad", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5b": " 131 seats in the debating chamber", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5c": " 131 seats in the debating chamber", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5d": " 131 seats in the debating chamber", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5e": " 131 seats in the debating chamber", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5f": " 131 seats in the debating chamber", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc938": " glass case", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc937": " glass case", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93a": " July 1999", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc939": " glass case", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93b": " glass case", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c73": " two-week recesses in April and October. Plenary meetings in the debating chamber usually take place on Wednesday afternoons", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c74": "batim transcript of parliamentary debates", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c75": " two-week recesses in April and October. Plenary meetings in the debating chamber usually take place on Wednesday afternoons", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c76": " two-week recesses in April and October. Plenary meetings in the debating chamber usually take place on Wednesday afternoons", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c77": " two-week recesses in April and October. Plenary meetings in the debating chamber usually take place on Wednesday afternoons", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95d": " Wednesdays", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95e": " Wednesdays is usually Time for Reflection, at which a speaker addresses members for up to four minutes, sharing a perspective on issues of faith", "572fc043a23a5019007fc960": " Wednesdays is usually Time for Reflection, at which a speaker addresses members for up to four minutes, sharing a perspective on issues of faith", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95f": " Wednesdays", "572fc043a23a5019007fc961": " Presiding Officer to nominate speakers", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc80": " Presiding Officer", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc81": " Scots, Gaelic, or any other language with the agreement of the Presiding Officer. The Scottish Parliament", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc82": " Presiding Officer tries to achieve a balance between different viewpoints and political parties when selecting members", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc83": " Scots, Gaelic, or any other language with the agreement of the Presiding Officer. The Scottish Parliament", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc84": " Presiding Officer (or Deputy Presiding Officer) decides who speaks in chamber debates", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccb": " MSPs who are not in the chamber to return and vote. At Decision Time, the Presiding Officer puts questions on the motions and amendments", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccc": " MSP has a unique access card with a microchip", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccd": " MSP has a unique access card with a microchip", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76cce": " MSP has a unique access card with a microchip", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccf": " MSP has a unique access card with a microchip", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8a": " official party candidates during future elections", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8b": " MSPs, known as whips", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8c": "rant members can be deselected as official party candidates during future elections", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8e": " official party candidates during future elections", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8d": " official party candidates during future elections", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568447": " Scottish minister", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568449": " Scottish minister", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568448": " Scottish minister", "572fc659b2c2fd140056844a": " Scottish minister", "572fc659b2c2fd140056844b": " Scottish minister", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf5": " Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday morning", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf6": " Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday morning", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf7": " Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday morning", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf8": " Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday morning", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf9": " Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday morning", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d07": " MSPs, with membership reflecting the balance of parties across Parliament", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d08": " MSPs, with membership reflecting the balance of parties across Parliament", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d09": " Mandatory Committees are committees which are set down under the Scottish Parliament", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0a": " MSPs, with membership reflecting the balance of parties across Parliament", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0b": "Committees comprise a small number of MSPs, with membership reflecting the balance of parties across Parliament", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d11": " Local Government and Regeneration", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d12": " parliamentary session, and again the members on each committee reflect the balance of parties across Parliament", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d13": " Scottish Government", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d14": " Scottish Government", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d1f": " Scottish Parliament", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d20": " Scottish Parliament", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d21": " Private Bill Committees have been set up to consider legislation on issues such as the development of the Edinburgh Tram Network", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d22": " Private Bill Committees have been set up to consider legislation on issues such as the development of the Edinburgh Tram Network", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568473": " 19 November 1998", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568474": " 19 November 1998", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568475": " 19 November 1998", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568476": " 19 November 1998", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568477": " 19 November 1998", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f1": " Schedule 5 to the Scotland Act as reserved matters. All matters that are not specifically reserved are automatically devolved to the Scottish Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f2": " Act as reserved matters. All matters that are not specifically reserved are automatically devolved to the Scottish Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f3": " Act as reserved matters. All matters that are not specifically reserved are automatically devolved to the Scottish Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f4": " 3 pence in the pound", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f5": " Act as reserved matters. All matters that are not specifically reserved are automatically devolved to the Scottish Parliament", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847d": "Reserved matters are subjects that are outside the legislative competence of the Scotland Parliament", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847e": "Reserved matters are subjects that are outside the legislative competence of the Scotland Parliament", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847f": "Reserved matters are subjects that are outside the legislative competence of the Scotland Parliament", "572fcc43b2c2fd1400568480": " Scotland Parliament", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccda": " draft laws are government bills", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdb": " ministers", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdc": " draft laws are government bills introduced by ministers", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdd": " draft laws are government bills introduced by ministers", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccde": " ministers", "572fce12a23a5019007fca11": " minister or member in charge of the bill will formally introduce it to Parliament", "572fce13a23a5019007fca12": " minister or member in charge of the bill will formally introduce it to Parliament", "572fce13a23a5019007fca13": " minister or member in charge of the bill will formally introduce it to Parliament", "572fce13a23a5019007fca14": " minister or member in charge of the bill will formally introduce it to Parliament", "572fce13a23a5019007fca15": " minister or member in charge of the bill will formally introduce it to Parliament", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd02": "Stage 3 is the final stage of the bill and is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd03": " two parts: consideration of amendments to the bill as a general debate, and a final vote on the bill", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd04": " at a meeting of the whole Parliament", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd05": "Stage 3 is the final stage of the bill and is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd06": " two parts: consideration of amendments to the bill as a general debate, and a final vote on the bill", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684a9": " Presiding Officer submits it to the Monarch for royal assent and it becomes an Act of the Scottish Parliament", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684aa": " Presiding Officer submits it to the Monarch for royal assent and it becomes an Act of the Scottish Parliament", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ab": " Presiding Officer submits it to the Monarch for royal assent and it becomes an Act of the Scottish Parliament", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ac": " Presiding Officer submits it to the Monarch for royal assent and it becomes an Act of the Scottish Parliament", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ad": " Presiding Officer submits it to the Monarch for royal assent and it becomes an Act of the Scottish Parliament", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca55": " Ministers who form the government of Scotland", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca57": " Ministers who form the government of Scotland", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca56": " Ministers who form the government of Scotland", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca58": " Ministers who form the government of Scotland", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca59": " Ministers who form the government of Scotland", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76d9f": " Presiding Officer proposes a date for an extraordinary general election and the Parliament is dissolved by the Queen by royal proclamation", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da0": " May every four years", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da1": " May every four years", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da3": " Presiding Officer proposes a date for an extraordinary general election and the Parliament is dissolved by the Queen by royal proclamation", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da2": " May every four years", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd32": " MSPs question the First Minister on issues related to the substance of the statement", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd33": " MSPs question the First Minister on issues related to the substance of the statement", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd34": " MSPs question the First Minister on issues related to the substance of the statement", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd35": " a statement to the chamber setting out the Government's legislative programme for the forthcoming year", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3a": " A \"General Question Time\" takes place on a Thursday between 11:40 a.m. and 12 p.m.", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3b": " Thursday between 11:40 a.m. and 12 p.m. where members can direct questions to any member of the Scottish Government", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3c": " any member of the Scottish Government", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3d": " A \"General Question Time\" takes place on a Thursday between 11:40 a.m. and 12 p.m.", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3e": " any member of the Scottish Government", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684f9": " 73 Scottish Parliament constituencies shared the same boundaries as the UK Parliament", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fb": " 73 Scottish Parliament constituencies shared the same boundaries as the UK Parliament", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fa": " 55,000 electors", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fd": " 73 Scottish Parliament", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fc": " 73 Scottish Parliament constituencies shared the same boundaries as the UK Parliament constituencies in Scotland, prior to the 2005 reduction in the number of Scottish MPs", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850b": "Hondt method", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850c": "Hondt method", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850d": "Hondt method", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850e": "Hondt method", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850f": "Hondt method", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851d": " Act 1981", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851e": " Act 1981", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851f": " MSP. Such qualifications were introduced under the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975", "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568520": " MSP. Such qualifications were introduced under the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975", "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568521": " a number of qualifications apply to being an MSP. Such qualifications were introduced under the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dd9": " Iain Gray retained East Lothian by 151 votes. The SNP took a further eight seats from the Liberal Democrats and one seat from the Conservatives", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dda": " Iain Gray retained East Lothian by 151 votes. The SNP took a further eight seats from the Liberal Democrats and one seat from the Conservatives", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddb": " Iain Gray retained East Lothian by 151 votes. The SNP took a further eight seats from the Liberal Democrats and one seat from the Conservatives", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddc": " Iain Gray retained East Lothian by 151 votes. The SNP took a further eight seats from the Liberal Democrats and one seat from the Conservatives", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddd": " Iain Gray retained East Lothian by 151 votes. The SNP took a further eight seats from the Liberal Democrats and one seat from the Conservatives", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca93": " Pentlands, the seat of former party leader David McLetchie", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca94": " Edinburgh Pentlands, the seat of former party leader David McLetchie, to the SNP", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca95": " McLetchie was elected on the Lothian regional list and the Conservatives suffered a net loss of five seats", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca96": " Edinburgh Pentlands, the seat of former party leader David McLetchie", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca97": " main disappointment was the loss of Edinburgh Pentlands, the seat of former party leader David McLetchie", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9d": "A procedural consequence of the establishment of the Scottish Parliament", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9e": "veto\" over laws only affecting England", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9f": " Scottish Parliament is that Scottish MPs sitting in the UK House of Commons are able to vote on domestic legislation that applies only to England, Wales and Northern Ireland", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa0": "A procedural consequence of the establishment of the Scottish Parliament", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa1": "veto\" over laws only affecting England", "572ff626947a6a140053ce8e": " a strategy of Islamization of society through state power seized by revolution or invasion", "572ff626947a6a140053ce8f": " a strategy of Islamization of society through state power seized by revolution or invasion", "572ff626947a6a140053ce90": " a strategy of Islamization of society through state power seized by revolution or invasion", "572ff626947a6a140053ce91": " a strategy of Islamization of society through state power seized by revolution or invasion", "572ff626947a6a140053ce92": " a strategy of Islamization of society through state power seized by revolution or invasion", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568677": " a socio-political and democratic Vanguard party", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568678": " armed attacks, seeking to abolish the state of Israel", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568679": " armed attacks, seeking to abolish the state of Israel", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867a": " a socio-political and democratic Vanguard party", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867b": " a socio-political and democratic Vanguard party", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f65": "Salafis, such as those in the Wahhabi movement) and the \"vanguard of change and Islamic reform\" centered around the Muslim Brotherhood", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f66": "Salafis, such as those in the Wahhabi movement) and the \"vanguard of change and Islamic reform\" centered around the Muslim Brotherhood", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f67": " eclipsed by the Salafi movement with its emphasis on \"sharia rather than the building of Islamic institutions,\" and rejection of Shia Islam", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f68": "Salafis, such as those in the Wahhabi movement) and the \"vanguard of change and Islamic reform\" centered around the Muslim Brotherhood", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f69": "Salafis, such as those in the Wahhabi movement) and the \"vanguard of change and Islamic reform\" centered around the Muslim Brotherhood", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd5": " a political ideology include Fred Halliday", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd6": " a political ideology include Fred Halliday", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd7": " a political ideology include Fred Halliday", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd8": " a political ideology include Fred Halliday", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd9": " a political ideology include Fred Halliday", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76f9f": " a writer for the International Crisis Group maintains that \"the conception of 'political Islam'\" is a creation of Americans to explain the Iranian Islamic Revolution", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa0": " a writer for the International Crisis Group maintains that \"the conception of 'political Islam'\" is a creation of Americans to explain the Iranian Islamic Revolution", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa1": " a historical fluke of the \"short-lived era of the heyday of secular Arab nationalism", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa2": " a writer for the International Crisis Group maintains that \"the conception of 'political Islam'\" is a creation of Americans to explain the Iranian Islamic Revolution", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa3": " a writer for the International Crisis Group maintains that \"the conception of 'political Islam'\" is a creation of Americans to explain the Iranian Islamic Revolution", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee7": " The US spent billions of dollars to aid the mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan enemies of the Soviet Union", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee6": " The US spent billions of dollars to aid the mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan enemies of the Soviet Union", "572ffbaa947a6a140053ceea": " The US spent billions of dollars to aid the mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan enemies of the Soviet Union", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee9": " the mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan enemies of the Soviet Union", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee8": " The US spent billions of dollars to aid the mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan enemies of the Soviet Union", "572ffbaab2c2fd14005686cd": " The US spent billions of dollars to aid the mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan enemies of the Soviet Union", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef6": " Anwar Sadat \u2013 whose policies included opening Egypt to Western investment (infitah); transferring Egypt's allegiance from the Soviet Union to the United States", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef7": " a formidable insurgency was formed in Egypt in the 1990s", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef8": " a formidable insurgency was formed in Egypt in the 1990s", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef9": " 1975", "572ffc99947a6a140053cefa": " a formidable insurgency was formed in Egypt in the 1990s", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc7": " Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc8": " Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc9": " Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fca": " Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fcb": "The interpretation of Islam promoted by this funding was the strict, conservative Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686ef": " All this compares very favourably against incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful governments", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f2": " incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful governments", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f0": "ist movements such as the Muslim Brotherhood, \"are well known for providing shelters, educational assistance, free or low cost medical clinics, housing assistance to students", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f3": "ist movements such as the Muslim Brotherhood", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f1": " All this compares very favourably against incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful governments", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf14": " seven English lectures were published by Oxford University press in 1934 in a book titled The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf15": " seven English lectures were published by Oxford University press in 1934 in a book titled The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf17": " seven English lectures were published by Oxford University press in 1934 in a book titled The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf16": " seven English lectures were published by Oxford University press in 1934 in a book titled The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf18": " seven English lectures were published by Oxford University press in 1934 in a book titled The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686f9": " Sir Muhammad Iqbal was elected president of the Muslim League", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fa": " Sir Muhammad Iqbal was elected president of the Muslim League", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fb": " Sir Muhammad Iqbal was elected president of the Muslim League", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fc": " Sir Muhammad Iqbal was elected president of the Muslim League", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fd": " Sir Muhammad Iqbal was elected president of the Muslim League", "5730005db2c2fd1400568703": "Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi", "5730005db2c2fd1400568704": " modernizer Islamists", "5730005db2c2fd1400568705": " modernizer Islamists", "5730005db2c2fd1400568706": " modernizer Islamists", "5730005db2c2fd1400568707": " modernizer Islamists", "57300137b2c2fd1400568717": "Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi", "57300137b2c2fd1400568718": " modernizer Islamists", "57300137b2c2fd140056871a": " modernizer Islamists", "57300137b2c2fd140056871b": " modernizer Islamists", "57300200b2c2fd1400568729": " Iranian Revolution, but the gradual changing the hearts and minds of individuals from the top of society downward through an educational process or da'wah", "57300200b2c2fd140056872a": " Iranian Revolution, but the gradual changing the hearts and minds of individuals from the top of society downward through an educational process or da'wah", "57300200b2c2fd140056872b": " educational process or da'wah", "57300200b2c2fd140056872c": " Iranian Revolution, but the gradual changing the hearts and minds of individuals from the top of society downward through an educational process or da'wah", "57300200b2c2fd140056872d": " educational process or da'wah", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77001": "Roughly contemporaneous with Maududi was the founding of the Muslim Brotherhood in Ismailiyah", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77002": "Roughly contemporaneous with Maududi was the founding of the Muslim Brotherhood in Ismailiyah", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77003": " Banna believed in the necessity of government rule based on Shariah law", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77004": " Banna believed in the necessity of government rule based on Shariah law", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77005": "Roughly contemporaneous with Maududi was the founding of the Muslim Brotherhood in Ismailiyah", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4c": " Fami Naqrashi", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4d": " Fami Naqrashi", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4e": " Fami Naqrashi", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4f": " Fami Naqrashi", "5730040f947a6a140053cf50": " Fami Naqrashi", "573004bf947a6a140053cf56": " Mohamed Morsi, an Islamist democrat of Muslim Brotherhood, was the first democratically elected president of Egypt", "573004bf947a6a140053cf59": " Mohamed Morsi, an Islamist democrat of Muslim Brotherhood, was the first democratically elected president of Egypt", "573004bf947a6a140053cf57": "semi-legal\" and was the only opposition group in Egypt", "573004bf947a6a140053cf58": "semi-legal\" and was the only opposition group in Egypt able to field candidates during elections", "573004bf947a6a140053cf5a": " Mohamed Morsi, an Islamist democrat of Muslim Brotherhood, was the first democratically elected president of Egypt", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6a": " A steep and steady decline in the popularity and credibility of secular, socialist and nationalist politics ensued. Ba'athism, Arab socialism", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6b": " A steep and steady decline in the popularity and credibility of secular, socialist and nationalist politics ensued. Ba'athism, Arab socialism", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6c": " A steep and steady decline in the popularity and credibility of secular, socialist and nationalist politics ensued. Ba'athism, Arab socialism", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6d": " A steep and steady decline in the popularity and credibility of secular, socialist and nationalist politics ensued. Ba'athism, Arab socialism", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6e": " A steep and steady decline in the popularity and credibility of secular, socialist and nationalist politics ensued. Ba'athism, Arab socialism", "5730088e947a6a140053cfad": " secular, Westernizing Muslims were actually agents of the West", "5730088e947a6a140053cfac": " Mohammad Iqbal, ideological father of the State of Pakistan", "5730088e947a6a140053cfae": " Mohammad Iqbal, ideological father of the State of Pakistan", "5730088e947a6a140053cfaf": " Mohammad Iqbal, ideological father of the State of Pakistan", "5730088e947a6a140053cfb0": " Mohammad Iqbal, ideological father of the State of Pakistan", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b7": "SCIRI) and Lebanon (Hezbollah)", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b9": "SCIRI) and Lebanon (Hezbollah)", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b8": "SCIRI) and Lebanon (Hezbollah)", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770ba": " the predominantly Sunni \"Arab street,\" due to its support for Hezbollah and to President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770bb": " the predominantly Sunni \"Arab street,\" due to its support for Hezbollah and to President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad", "57300ec0947a6a140053d004": " anti-religious superpower, galvanized thousands of Muslims around the world to send aid and sometimes to go themselves to fight for their faith", "57300ec0947a6a140053d005": " anti-religious superpower, galvanized thousands of Muslims around the world to send aid and sometimes to go themselves to fight for their faith", "57300ec0947a6a140053d006": " anti-religious superpower, galvanized thousands of Muslims around the world to send aid and sometimes to go themselves to fight for their faith", "57300ec0947a6a140053d007": " anti-religious superpower, galvanized thousands of Muslims around the world to send aid and sometimes to go themselves to fight for their faith", "57300ec0947a6a140053d008": " anti-religious superpower, galvanized thousands of Muslims around the world to send aid and sometimes to go themselves to fight for their faith", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d1": "Muslim military personnel to Saudi Arabian soil to put an end to Saddam Hussein's occupation of Kuwait", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d2": "Muslim military personnel to Saudi Arabian soil to put an end to Saddam Hussein's occupation of Kuwait", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d3": "Muslim military personnel to Saudi Arabian soil to put an end to Saddam Hussein's occupation of Kuwait", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d4": "Muslim military personnel to Saudi Arabian soil to put an end to Saddam Hussein's occupation of Kuwait", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d5": "Muslim military personnel to Saudi Arabian soil to put an end to Saddam Hussein's occupation of Kuwait", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d7": " a bloody civil war in Algeria", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d9": " a bloody civil war in Algeria", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d8": " a bloody civil war in Algeria", "573010fab2c2fd14005687da": " a bloody civil war in Algeria", "573010fab2c2fd14005687db": " a bloody civil war in Algeria", "573011de04bcaa1900d770f9": " Fringe or splinter movements inspired by the final writings of Qutb in the mid-1960s", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fa": " Fringe or splinter movements inspired by the final writings of Qutb in the mid-1960s", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fb": " Fringe or splinter movements inspired by the final writings of Qutb in the mid-1960s", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fc": " a means of achieving its goals", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fd": " Fringe or splinter movements inspired by the final writings of Qutb in the mid-1960s", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd09": "foreign ideas and practices into Islamic societies. Its views were outlined in a pamphlet written by Muhammad Abd al-Salaam", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0a": "foreign ideas and practices into Islamic societies. Its views were outlined in a pamphlet written by Muhammad Abd al-Salaam", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0b": "foreign ideas and practices into Islamic societies. Its views were outlined in a pamphlet written by Muhammad Abd al-Salaam", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0c": " military struggle was then taken up by the Egyptian Islamic Jihad", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0d": " military struggle was then taken up by the Egyptian Islamic Jihad", "5730131c947a6a140053d052": " Salvation from Hell and Takfir wal-Hijra", "5730131c947a6a140053d053": " Salvation from Hell and Takfir wal-Hijra", "5730131c947a6a140053d055": " Salvation from Hell and Takfir wal-Hijra", "5730131c947a6a140053d054": " Salvation from Hell and Takfir wal-Hijra", "5730131c947a6a140053d056": " Salvation from Hell and Takfir wal-Hijra", "5730208fa23a5019007fcded": " secular middle class such as drinking alcohol and going about without hijab", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdee": " secular middle class such as drinking alcohol and going about without hijab", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdef": " secular middle class such as drinking alcohol and going about without hijab", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf1": " secular middle class such as drinking alcohol and going about without hijab", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf0": " secular middle class", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f7": " 542 people in 140 suicide bombing or \"martyrdom operations\". In the January 2006 legislative election\u2014its first foray into the political process", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f8": "42 people in 140 suicide bombing or \"martyrdom operations\". In the January 2006 legislative election\u2014its first foray into the political process", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f9": " 542 people in 140 suicide bombing or \"martyrdom operations\". In the January 2006 legislative election\u2014its first foray into the political process", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fa": " 140 suicide bombing or \"martyrdom operations\". In the January 2006 legislative election\u2014its first foray into the political process", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fb": " 140 suicide bombing or \"martyrdom operations\". In the January 2006 legislative election\u2014its first foray into the political process", "57302700a23a5019007fce89": " National Islamic Front first gained influence when strongman General Gaafar al-Nimeiry invited members to serve in his government in 1979", "57302700a23a5019007fce8a": " Islamist regime under the leadership of Hassan al-Turabi", "57302700a23a5019007fce8b": " foreign Islamist banking systems, especially those linked with Saudi Arabia", "57302700a23a5019007fce8c": " foreign Islamist banking systems, especially those linked with Saudi Arabia", "57302700a23a5019007fce8d": " foreign Islamist banking systems, especially those linked with Saudi Arabia", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9d": " The NIF regime also harbored Osama bin Laden", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9e": " a liberal government", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9f": " a liberal government", "573027d6a23a5019007fcea0": " a liberal government", "573027d6a23a5019007fcea1": " a time (before 9/11), and worked to unify Islamist opposition to the American attack on Iraq in the 1991 Gulf War", "5730285a04bcaa1900d77270": " FIS or Front Islamique de Salut (the Islamic Salvation Front) in Algeria", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726f": " FIS or Front Islamique de Salut (the Islamic Salvation Front) in Algeria", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726e": " FIS or Front Islamique de Salut (the Islamic Salvation Front) in Algeria", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726d": " FIS or Front Islamique de Salut (the Islamic Salvation Front) in Algeria", "5730285a04bcaa1900d77271": " FIS or Front Islamique de Salut (the Islamic Salvation Front) in Algeria", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77287": " destructive civil war between political and tribal warlords", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77288": " a vicious and destructive civil war between political and tribal warlords", "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728a": " the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan ruled by communist forces collapsed, and democratic Islamist elements of mujahdeen founded the Islamic State of Afghanistan", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77289": " Soviet Union in the 1980s did not lead to justice and prosperity, due to a vicious and destructive civil war between political and tribal warlords", "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728b": " the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan ruled by communist forces collapsed, and democratic Islamist elements of mujahdeen founded the Islamic State of Afghanistan", "57302a3aa23a5019007fcecf": " entire country. Their ideology was also described as being influenced by Wahhabism", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced0": " entire country. Their ideology was also described as being influenced by Wahhabism", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced1": " entire country. Their ideology was also described as being influenced by Wahhabism", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced2": " entire country. Their ideology was also described as being influenced by Wahhabism", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced3": " entire country. Their ideology was also described as being influenced by Wahhabism", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772af": " eleven-year military dictatorship", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b0": " eleven-year military dictatorship", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b1": " eleven-year military dictatorship", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b2": " eleven-year military dictatorship", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b3": " eleven-year military dictatorship", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689db": " Sunni Arabs from Iraq and Syria. In 2014, the group proclaimed itself a caliphate, with religious, political and military authority over all Muslims worldwide", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dc": " Sunni Arabs from Iraq and Syria. In 2014, the group proclaimed itself a caliphate, with religious, political and military authority over all Muslims worldwide", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689de": " Sunni Arabs from Iraq and Syria. In 2014, the group proclaimed itself a caliphate, with religious, political and military authority over all Muslims worldwide", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689df": " ten million people in Iraq and Syria", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dd": " Sunni Arabs from Iraq and Syria. In 2014, the group proclaimed itself a caliphate, with religious, political and military authority over all Muslims worldwide", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d7": " March 2003 invasion of Iraq", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d8": " March 2003 invasion of Iraq", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772da": " March 2003 invasion of Iraq", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d9": " March 2003 invasion of Iraq", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772db": " March 2003 invasion of Iraq", "57302e45947a6a140053d22e": " Caliphs in the 7th century, but with the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate in 1924", "57302e45947a6a140053d22f": " Caliphate", "57302e45947a6a140053d230": " the true Islamic system", "57302e45947a6a140053d231": " the true Islamic system", "57302e45947a6a140053d232": " Caliphate, the party takes a different view of Muslim history than some other Islamists", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f5": " a \"bloodless\" coup. It allegedly attempted and failed such coups in 1968 and 1969 in Jordan", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f6": " a \"bloodless\" coup. It allegedly attempted and failed such coups in 1968 and 1969 in Jordan", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f7": " 1968 and 1969 in Jordan", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f8": " a \"bloodless\" coup. It allegedly attempted and failed such coups in 1968 and 1969 in Jordan", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f9": " a \"bloodless\" coup. It allegedly attempted and failed such coups in 1968 and 1969 in Jordan", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77311": " Finsbury Park Mosque, was arrested and charged with incitement to terrorism which has caused many Islamists to leave the UK", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77312": " Finsbury Park Mosque, was arrested and charged with incitement to terrorism which has caused many Islamists to leave the UK", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77313": " Finsbury Park Mosque, was arrested and charged with incitement to terrorism which has caused many Islamists to leave the UK", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77314": " Finsbury Park Mosque, was arrested and charged with incitement to terrorism which has caused many Islamists to leave the UK", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77315": " Finsbury Park Mosque, was arrested and charged with incitement to terrorism which has caused many Islamists to leave the UK", "57303048947a6a140053d254": " Christian Whiton, an official in the George W. Bush administration, called for a new agency focused on the nonviolent practice of \"political warfare\"", "57303048947a6a140053d255": " Christian Whiton, an official in the George W. Bush administration, called for a new agency focused on the nonviolent practice of \"political warfare\"", "57303048947a6a140053d256": " Christian Whiton, an official in the George W. Bush administration, called for a new agency focused on the nonviolent practice of \"political warfare\"", "57303048947a6a140053d257": " Christian Whiton, an official in the George W. Bush administration, called for a new agency focused on the nonviolent practice of \"political warfare\"", "57303048947a6a140053d258": " Christian Whiton, an official in the George W. Bush administration, called for a new agency focused on the nonviolent practice of \"political warfare\"", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c6": " The term imperialism has been applied to Western (and Japanese) political and economic dominance especially in Asia and Africa", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c7": " The term imperialism has been applied to Western (and Japanese) political and economic dominance especially in Asia and Africa", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c9": " The term imperialism has been applied to Western (and Japanese) political and economic dominance especially in Asia and Africa", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4ca": " a type of advocacy of empire. Its name originated from the Latin word \"imperium\", which means to rule over large territories. Imperialism", "573062662461fd1900a9cdf7": "A policy of extending a country\u2019s power and influence through diplomacy or military force.\" Imperialism", "573062662461fd1900a9cdf8": " a state power, has on another group of people. This is often through various forms of \"othering\" (see other)", "573062662461fd1900a9cdfa": " a state power, has on another group of people. This is often through various forms of \"othering\"", "573062662461fd1900a9cdfb": " a powerful form of dominance", "57306797396df919000960ee": " the first meaning physical control or \"full-fledged colonial rule\"", "57306797396df919000960ef": " the first meaning physical control or \"full-fledged colonial rule\"", "57306797396df919000960f0": " all kinds of domination or control by a group of people", "57306797396df919000960f2": " the first meaning physical control or \"full-fledged colonial rule\"", "57306797396df919000960f1": " the first meaning physical control or \"full-fledged colonial rule\"", "573081c2069b531400832133": " Geopolitics now focuses on states becoming major economic players in the market; some states today are viewed as empires", "573081c2069b531400832134": " Geopolitics now focuses on states becoming major economic players in the market; some states today are viewed as empires", "573081c2069b531400832135": " Geopolitics now focuses on states becoming major economic players in the market; some states today are viewed as empires", "573081c2069b531400832136": " Geopolitics now focuses on states becoming major economic players in the market; some states today are viewed as empires", "573081c2069b531400832137": " Geopolitics now focuses on states becoming major economic players in the market; some states today are viewed as empires", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6d": " Colonialism in modern usage also tends to imply a degree of geographic separation between the colony and the imperial power", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6e": " a degree of geographic separation between the colony and the imperial power", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6f": " a degree of geographic separation between the colony and the imperial power", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce70": " a degree of geographic separation between the colony and the imperial power", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce71": " a degree of geographic separation between the colony and the imperial power", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54c": " a foreign region. Colonialism can completely change the existing social structure", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54d": " a foreign region. Colonialism can completely change the existing social structure", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54e": " a foreign region. Colonialism can completely change the existing social structure", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c550": " a foreign region. Colonialism can completely change the existing social structure", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54f": " a foreign region. Colonialism can completely change the existing social structure", "5730876a396df9190009617a": " a theory of races formed a supposedly rational justification for imperialism", "5730876a396df9190009617c": " a theory of races formed a supposedly rational justification for imperialism", "5730876a396df9190009617b": " Friedrich Ratzel", "5730876a396df9190009617d": " a theory of races formed a supposedly rational justification for imperialism", "5730876a396df9190009617e": " rational grounds. J. A. Hobson", "573088da069b53140083216b": " Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism", "573088da069b53140083216c": " Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism", "573088da069b53140083216d": " Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism", "573088da069b53140083216e": " Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism", "573088da069b53140083216f": " Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c576": " temperate zone", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c577": " temperate zone", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c578": "Geographical theories such as environmental determinism also suggested that tropical environments created uncivilized people", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c579": " temperate zone", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c57a": " temperate zone", "57308ddc396df919000961a5": " The country of Australia serves as a case study in relation to British settlement and colonial rule of the continent in the eighteenth century", "57308ddc396df919000961a7": " The country of Australia serves as a case study in relation to British settlement and colonial rule of the continent in the eighteenth century", "57308ddc396df919000961a4": " sparse Aboriginal inhabitants", "57308ddc396df919000961a6": " The country of Australia serves as a case study in relation to British settlement and colonial rule of the continent in the eighteenth century", "57308ddc396df919000961a8": " sparse Aboriginal inhabitants", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c580": " imaginative geography", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c581": "entalism, as theorized by Edward Said", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c582": " textual and visual works of early European studies of the Orient", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c583": "entalism, as theorized by Edward Said", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c584": " textual and visual works of early European studies of the Orient", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58a": " imperial and colonial powers", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58b": " imperial and colonial powers", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58c": " imperial and colonial powers", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58d": " imperial and colonial powers", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58e": " imperial and colonial powers", "573092088ab72b1400f9c595": " a basic component to the conquests of Genghis Khan", "573092088ab72b1400f9c594": " a basic component to the conquests of Genghis Khan", "573092088ab72b1400f9c597": " war-lords. Historically recognized Muslim empires number in the dozens. Sub-Saharan Africa has also featured dozens of empires that predate the European colonial era", "573092088ab72b1400f9c598": " a basic component to the conquests of Genghis Khan", "573092088ab72b1400f9c596": " a basic component to the conquests of Genghis Khan", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5ae": " authoritarian regimes, fighting such influence with bans on foreign popular culture, control of the internet and unauthorised satellite dishes", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5af": " authoritarian regimes, fighting such influence with bans on foreign popular culture, control of the internet and unauthorised satellite dishes", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b0": " authoritarian regimes, fighting such influence with bans on foreign popular culture, control of the internet and unauthorised satellite dishes", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b1": " authoritarian regimes, fighting such influence with bans on foreign popular culture, control of the internet and unauthorised satellite dishes", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b2": " authoritarian regimes, fighting such influence with bans on foreign popular culture, control of the internet and unauthorised satellite dishes", "57309446396df919000961b8": " annexing other parts of the world", "57309446396df919000961b9": " annexing other parts of the world", "57309446396df919000961ba": " annexing other parts of the world", "57309446396df919000961bb": " annexing other parts of the world", "57309446396df919000961bc": " annexing other parts of the world", "57309564069b5314008321a5": "1919\u20131980) and Ronald Robinson (1920\u20131999) constructed a framework for understanding European imperialism", "57309564069b5314008321a6": " formal, legal control by one government", "57309564069b5314008321a7": " formal, legal control by one government over another country", "57309564069b5314008321a8": " formal, legal control by one government", "57309564069b5314008321a9": " formal, legal control by one government over another country", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d2": " a substantial number of colonies had been designed to provide economic profit and to ship resources to home ports", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d4": " a substantial number of colonies had been designed to provide economic profit and to ship resources to home ports", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d3": " a substantial number of colonies had been designed to provide economic profit and to ship resources to home ports", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d5": " a substantial number of colonies had been designed to provide economic profit and to ship resources to home ports", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dc": " 1879", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dd": " 1879", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5de": " 1879", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5df": " leather shields", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5e0": " 1879", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e6": " Benjamin Disraeli", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e7": " Benjamin Disraeli", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e8": " Benjamin Disraeli", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e9": " Benjamin Disraeli", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c600": " military-political complex in the United States", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c602": " military-political complex in the United States", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c601": " military-political complex in the United States", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c603": " peaceful, tolerant, multipolar world order", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c604": " military-political complex in the United States", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60a": " environmental determinism was used to categorically place indigenous people in a racial hierarchy. This takes two forms, orientalism and tropicality", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60b": " environmental determinism was used to categorically place indigenous people in a racial hierarchy. This takes two forms, orientalism and tropicality", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60c": " environmental determinism was used to categorically place indigenous people in a racial hierarchy. This takes two forms, orientalism and tropicality", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60d": " environmental determinism was used to categorically place indigenous people in a racial hierarchy. This takes two forms, orientalism and tropicality", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60e": " a racial hierarchy. This takes two forms, orientalism and tropicality", "5730a314069b5314008321eb": " a view of a people", "5730a314069b5314008321ec": " a view of a people", "5730a314069b5314008321ed": " a view of a people", "5730a314069b5314008321ee": " a view of a people", "5730a314069b5314008321ef": " orientalism", "5730a40f396df91900096234": " sixteenth century. In 1599 the British East India Company was established", "5730a40f396df91900096235": " sixteenth century. In 1599 the British East India Company was established and was chartered by Queen Elizabeth in the following year", "5730a40f396df91900096236": " sixteenth century. In 1599 the British East India Company was established and was chartered by Queen Elizabeth in the following year", "5730a40f396df91900096237": " sixteenth century. In 1599 the British East India Company was established and was chartered by Queen Elizabeth in the following year", "5730a40f396df91900096238": " sixteenth century. In 1599 the British East India Company was established", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf29": " own colonial empire. As it developed, the new empire took on roles of trade with France", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2a": " Algeria in 1830 but began in earnest to rebuild its worldwide empire after 1850, concentrating chiefly in North and West Africa", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2d": " raw materials and purchasing manufactured items, as well as lending prestige to the motherland and spreading French civilization and language as well as Catholicism", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2b": " North and West Africa, as well as South-East Asia, with other conquests in Central and East Africa", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2c": " own colonial empire. As it developed, the new empire took on roles of trade with France", "5730a951069b531400832213": " small numbers of settlers to its colonies, with the only notable exception of Algeria", "5730a951069b531400832214": " small numbers of settlers to its colonies, with the only notable exception of Algeria", "5730a951069b531400832215": " small numbers of settlers to its colonies, with the only notable exception of Algeria", "5730a951069b531400832216": " small numbers of settlers to its colonies, with the only notable exception of Algeria", "5730a951069b531400832217": " moral justification to lift the world up to French standards by bringing Christianity and French culture. In 1884 the leading exponent of colonialism", "5730aa52069b53140083221d": " the 1950s. Whereas they won the war in Algeria", "5730aa52069b53140083221e": " the 1950s. Whereas they won the war in Algeria", "5730aa52069b53140083221f": " the 1950s. Whereas they won the war in Algeria", "5730aa52069b531400832220": " the 1950s. Whereas they won the war in Algeria", "5730aa52069b531400832221": " the 1950s. Whereas they won the war in Algeria", "5730ab63396df91900096260": " southern Europe in late antiquity, conquering Celtic and other peoples; and by 800 CE, forming the Holy Roman Empire", "5730ab63396df91900096263": " southern Europe in late antiquity, conquering Celtic and other peoples; and by 800 CE, forming the Holy Roman Empire", "5730ab63396df91900096261": " southern Europe in late antiquity, conquering Celtic and other peoples; and by 800 CE, forming the Holy Roman Empire", "5730ab63396df91900096262": " southern Europe in late antiquity, conquering Celtic and other peoples; and by 800 CE, forming the Holy Roman Empire", "5730ab63396df91900096264": " southern Europe in late antiquity, conquering Celtic and other peoples; and by 800 CE, forming the Holy Roman Empire", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf73": " German states continued to stand aloof from imperialism", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf74": " German states continued to stand aloof from imperialism", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf75": " German states continued to stand aloof from imperialism", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf77": " German states continued to stand aloof from imperialism", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf76": " German states continued to stand aloof from imperialism", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c682": " Friedrichsruh. The establishment of the German colonial empire", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c683": " Friedrichsruh. The establishment of the German colonial empire", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c685": " Friedrichsruh. The establishment of the German colonial empire", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c684": " Friedrichsruh. The establishment of the German colonial empire", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c686": " Friedrichsruh. The establishment of the German colonial empire", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa4": " 1894, Japan absorbed Taiwan. As a result of the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, Japan took part of Sakhalin Island from Russia", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa3": " 1894, Japan absorbed Taiwan. As a result of the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, Japan took part of Sakhalin Island from Russia", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa6": " 1894, Japan absorbed Taiwan. As a result of the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, Japan took part of Sakhalin Island from Russia", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa5": " 1894, Japan absorbed Taiwan. As a result of the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, Japan took part of Sakhalin Island from Russia", "5730b255396df919000962b0": " The Soviet Union and the People\u2019s Republic of China supported post\u2013World War II communist movements in foreign nations and colonies", "5730b255396df919000962b1": " Tsarist Empire", "5730b255396df919000962b2": " The Soviet Union and the People\u2019s Republic of China supported post\u2013World War II communist movements in foreign nations and colonies", "5730b255396df919000962b3": " The Soviet Union and the People\u2019s Republic of China supported post\u2013World War II communist movements in foreign nations and colonies", "5730b255396df919000962b4": " Tsarist Empire", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc5": " Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism. However, after Lenin's death, Joseph Stalin established 'socialism in one country' for the Soviet Union", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc6": " Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism. However, after Lenin's death, Joseph Stalin established 'socialism in one country' for the Soviet Union", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc9": " Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism. However, after Lenin's death, Joseph Stalin established 'socialism in one country' for the Soviet Union", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc8": " Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism. However, after Lenin's death, Joseph Stalin established 'socialism in one country' for the Soviet Union", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc7": " Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism. However, after Lenin's death, Joseph Stalin established 'socialism in one country' for the Soviet Union", "5730b541396df919000962c2": " 1776", "5730b541396df919000962c3": " 1776", "5730b541396df919000962c5": " white settler colonies in the 20th century", "5730b541396df919000962c4": " 1820", "5730b541396df919000962c6": " 1776", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfcf": " Scramble for Africa and major additions in Asia and the Middle East. The British spirit of imperialism was expressed by Joseph Chamberlain", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd0": " Scramble for Africa and major additions in Asia and the Middle East. The British spirit of imperialism was expressed by Joseph Chamberlain", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd2": " Scramble for Africa and major additions in Asia and the Middle East. The British spirit of imperialism was expressed by Joseph Chamberlain", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd1": " Scramble for Africa and major additions in Asia and the Middle East. The British spirit of imperialism was expressed by Joseph Chamberlain", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c3": " a \"racket\" by Smedley Butler", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c4": " military force, but were more often affected from behind the scenes. This is consistent with the general notion of hegemony and imperium of historical empires", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c6": " a \"racket\" by Smedley Butler", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c5": " Imperialism, at least in a form distinct from its own Manifest Destiny, through policies such as the Monroe Doctrine", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c7": " Imperialism, at least in a form distinct from its own Manifest Destiny, through policies such as the Monroe Doctrine", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c704": " Three years later in 1917, he was appointed to then President Woodrow Wilson", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c705": " Three years later in 1917, he was appointed to then President Woodrow Wilson", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c706": " 1917. The inquiry was the idea of President Wilson and the American delegation from the Paris Peace Conference", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c707": " Three years later in 1917, he was appointed to then President Woodrow Wilson's inquiry in 1917", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c708": " Three years later in 1917, he was appointed to then President Woodrow Wilson's inquiry in 1917", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d011": " informal U.S. imperialism", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d012": " informal U.S. imperialism in the form of political and financial hegemony", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d013": " 12 to 15 million Africans is viewed by some to be a more modern extension of America", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d015": " the form of political and financial hegemony. This internal form of imperialism is also distinct from the United States' formation of \"colonies\" abroad", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73c": " 1299 to 1923", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73d": " 1299 to 1923", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73e": " 1299 to 1923", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73f": " 1299 to 1923", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c740": " 1299 to 1923", "5730bd00069b5314008322d7": " The empire allied with Germany in the early 20th century", "5730bd00069b5314008322d9": " The empire allied with Germany in the early 20th century", "5730bd00069b5314008322db": " The empire allied with Germany in the early 20th century", "5730bd00069b5314008322da": " The empire allied with Germany in the early 20th century", "5730982f396df919000961e2": " Evangelicalism. Founded in 1968 by the union of the Methodist Church (USA) and the Evangelical United Brethren Church", "5730982f396df919000961e3": " Evangelicalism. Founded in 1968 by the union of the Methodist Church (USA) and the Evangelical United Brethren Church", "5730982f396df919000961e4": " UMC traces its roots back to the revival movement of John and Charles Wesley in England", "5730982f396df919000961e5": " Evangelicalism. Founded in 1968 by the union of the Methodist Church (USA) and the Evangelical United Brethren Church", "5730982f396df919000961e6": " Evangelicalism. Founded in 1968 by the union of the Methodist Church (USA) and the Evangelical United Brethren Church", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee5": " 7.2 million in the United States, and 4.4 million in Africa, Asia and Europe", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee6": " 7.2 million in the United States, and 4.4 million in Africa, Asia and Europe", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee7": " 7.2 million in the United States, and 4.4 million in Africa, Asia and Europe", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee8": " 7.2 million in the United States, and 4.4 million in Africa, Asia and Europe", "57309921396df919000961f6": "18th century", "57309921396df919000961f7": "18th century", "57309921396df919000961f8": " a holy life. Other students mocked them, saying they were the \"Holy Club\"", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef7": " 1735, John and Charles Wesley went to America to teach the gospel to the American Indians in the colony of Georgia", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef8": " 1735, John and Charles Wesley went to America to teach the gospel to the American Indians in the colony of Georgia", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef9": " 1735, John and Charles Wesley went to America to teach the gospel to the American Indians in the colony of Georgia", "573099f42461fd1900a9cefa": " Three teachings they saw as the foundation of Christian faith", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9ceff": " a revision of the Anglican Prayerbook and the Articles of Religion which were received and adopted by the Baltimore Christmas Conference of 1784", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf00": " a revision of the Anglican Prayerbook and the Articles of Religion which were received and adopted by the Baltimore Christmas Conference", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf01": " a revision of the Anglican Prayerbook and the Articles of Religion which were received and adopted by the Baltimore Christmas Conference of 1784", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf02": " a revision of the Anglican Prayerbook and the Articles of Religion which were received and adopted by the Baltimore Christmas Conference of 1784", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf03": " a revision of the Anglican Prayerbook and the Articles of Religion which were received and adopted by the Baltimore Christmas Conference of 1784", "57309adb396df919000961fc": " 1769", "57309adb396df919000961fd": " 1769", "57309adb396df919000961fe": " 1769", "57309adb396df919000961ff": " 1769", "57309adb396df91900096200": " 1769", "57309cd6069b5314008321c3": " 1784", "57309cd6069b5314008321c4": " 1784", "57309cd6069b5314008321c5": " 1784", "57309d31396df91900096210": " 1844, the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences because of tensions over slavery and the power of bishops", "57309d31396df91900096211": " 1844, the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences because of tensions over slavery and the power of bishops", "57309d31396df91900096212": " 1844, the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences because of tensions over slavery", "57309d31396df91900096213": " 1844, the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences because of tensions over slavery", "5730a97a396df9190009625a": " April 23, 1968, the United Methodist Church was created", "5730a97a396df9190009625b": " April 23, 1968, the United Methodist Church was created", "5730a97a396df9190009625c": " Reuben H. Mueller) and The Methodist Church (represented by Bishop Lloyd Christ Wicke) joined hands at the constituting General Conference", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6d": " The Book of Discipline also recognizes the importance of the Chalcedonian Creed of the Council of Chalcedon", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6e": " Council of Chalcedon", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6f": " Apostle's Creed and the Nicene Creed", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64e": " 1784 to break with standard practice and ordain two of his lay preachers as presbyters", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c650": " 1784 to break with standard practice and ordain two of his lay preachers as presbyters, Thomas Vasey and Richard Whatcoat", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64f": " 1784 to break with standard practice and ordain two of his lay preachers as presbyters, Thomas Vasey and Richard Whatcoat", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c655": " Martin Boehm", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c654": " Martin Boehm", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c656": " Martin Boehm", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c657": " Martin Boehm", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c670": " motivates us to seek a relationship with God", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c672": " motivates us to seek a relationship with God", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c671": " motivates us to seek a relationship with God", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c673": " motivates us to seek a relationship with God", "5730aeba069b531400832241": " all people", "5730aeba069b531400832242": " John Wesley originally called this experience the New Birth", "5730aeba069b531400832243": " sin. In this reception, we are forgiven through the atoning work of Jesus Christ on the cross", "5730aeba069b531400832244": " John Wesley originally called this experience the New Birth", "5730aeba069b531400832245": " New Birth", "5730afed069b53140083225f": " Reformer parted company with both Luther and Calvin", "5730afed069b531400832260": "Sanctifying Grace is that grace of God which sustains the believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection: a genuine love of God", "5730afed069b531400832261": "Sanctifying Grace is that grace of God which sustains the believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection: a genuine love of God", "5730afed069b531400832262": " Reformer parted company with both Luther and Calvin", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c696": " Reformed theology and practice. It has been characterized as Arminian theology with an emphasis on the work of the Holy Spirit", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c697": " Arminian theology with an emphasis on the work of the Holy Spirit to bring holiness into the life of the participating believer", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c698": " Arminian theology with an emphasis on the work of the Holy Spirit to bring holiness into the life of the participating believer", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c699": " Arminian theology with an emphasis on the work of the Holy Spirit to bring holiness into the life of the participating believer", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69f": " Reproductive Choice...[and] 2008 General Conference [went] on record in support of the work of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69e": "The United Methodist Church", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c6a0": " or partial birth abortion", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6ae": " two official bodies of the United Methodist Church are part of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6af": " two official bodies of the United Methodist Church are part of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6b0": " two official bodies of the United Methodist Church are part of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfad": " May 2012", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfae": " May 2012", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfaf": " May 2012", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb3": " temperance movement", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb6": " Communion", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb4": " Communion", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb5": " Communion", "5730b54c069b53140083228d": " Matthew 5:38-39 and abolished the death penalty in John 8:7", "5730b54c069b53140083228e": " Matthew 5:38-39 and abolished the death penalty in John 8:7", "5730b54c069b53140083228f": ":38-39", "5730b54c069b531400832290": " Matthew 5:38-39 and abolished the death penalty in John 8:7", "5730b5cc396df919000962d2": "rocked after a highly publicized church trial in 1999 on account of his participation in same-sex union ceremonies", "5730b5cc396df919000962d3": "rocked after a highly publicized church trial in 1999", "5730b5cc396df919000962d4": "rocked after a highly publicized church trial in 1999", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd7": " UMC", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd8": " congregations have recently called for broader acceptance of the LGBT community within the UMC", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd9": " UMC", "5730b776069b5314008322bd": " clergy credentials were removed from Irene Elizabeth Stroud", "5730b776069b5314008322be": "rocked Methodist minister Rose Mary Denman", "5730b776069b5314008322bf": "rocked Methodist minister Rose Mary Denman", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cff9": " serve in the armed forces or to cooperate with systems of military conscription", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffa": " service.", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffb": " serve in the armed forces or to cooperate with systems of military conscription", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70e": " brutal suppression of human rights, and unprovoked international aggression", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70f": " brutal suppression of human rights, and unprovoked international aggression", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c710": " brutal suppression of human rights, and unprovoked international aggression", "5730bdfe396df9190009630e": " Sexual Ethics Task Force of The United Methodist Church", "5730bdfe396df9190009630f": " Sexual Ethics Task Force of The United Methodist Church", "5730bdfe396df91900096310": " Sexual Ethics Task Force of The United Methodist Church", "5730bf03069b5314008322eb": " UMC stands in \"opposition to the creation of embryos for the sake of research\"", "5730bf03069b5314008322ed": " adult stem cells", "5730bf03069b5314008322ec": "a human embryo, even at its earliest stages, commands our reverence.\" It supports research on stem cells", "5730c059069b531400832305": " Sunday Service of the Methodists in North America", "5730c059069b531400832306": " The Book of Common Prayer called the Sunday Service of the Methodists in North America", "5730c059069b531400832307": " The Book of Common Prayer", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc46": " The United Methodist Church in Africa", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc47": " The United Methodist Church in Africa", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc48": " Communion, baptism, weddings, funerals, ordination, anointing of the sick and daily office prayer", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4c": " Corinthians 11:1). Such exemplary saints include martyrs, confessors of the Faith, evangelists, or important biblical figures", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4d": " Corinthians 11:1). Such exemplary saints include martyrs, confessors of the Faith, evangelists", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4e": " Salvation Army Founder William Booth, African missionary David Livingstone and Methodism's revered founder John Wesley are among many cited as Protestant saints", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc52": " every four years (quadrennium). Legislative changes are recorded in The Book of Discipline", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc54": " every four years (quadrennium). Legislative changes are recorded in The Book of Discipline", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc55": " four years (quadrennium). Legislative changes are recorded in The Book of Discipline", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc53": " every four years (quadrennium). Legislative changes are recorded in The Book of Discipline", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc56": " every four years (quadrennium). Legislative changes are recorded in The Book of Discipline", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa7": " Bishops thus elected serve Episcopal Areas", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa8": " Bishops thus elected serve Episcopal Areas", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa9": " Bishops", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aaa": " Bishops", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aab": " Bishops thus elected serve Episcopal Areas, which consist of one or more Annual Conferences", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449c": "150,000 m2) at Southern Methodist University", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449d": "150,000 m2) at Southern Methodist University", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449e": "150,000 m2) at Southern Methodist University", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449f": "150,000 m2) at Southern Methodist University", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e244a0": "150,000 m2) at Southern Methodist University", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac2": " eight years. The Judicial Council interprets the Book of Discipline between sessions of General Conference", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac1": " eight years. The Judicial Council interprets the Book of Discipline between sessions of General Conference", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac3": " eight years. The Judicial Council interprets the Book of Discipline between sessions of General Conference", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac4": " eight years. The Judicial Council interprets the Book of Discipline between sessions of General Conference", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac5": " eight years. The Judicial Council interprets the Book of Discipline between sessions of General Conference", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154a": " Communion and the Roman Catholic Church or a synod in some Lutheran denominations such as the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154b": " Communion and the Roman Catholic Church or a synod in some Lutheran denominations such as the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154c": " Communion and the Roman Catholic Church or a synod in some Lutheran denominations such as the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c2": " a 2/3 majority. All churches must also have a nominations committee, a finance committee and a church council", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c3": " local churches and pastors", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c4": " local churches and pastors", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c5": " a 2/3 majority. All churches must also have a nominations committee, a finance committee and a church council", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c6": " nine members and it is recommended that no gender should hold more than a 2/3 majority. All churches must also have a nominations committee", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc66": " Southern Methodist University. Most are members of the International Association of Methodist-related Schools", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc67": " Southern Methodist University. Most are members of the International Association of Methodist-related Schools", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc68": " Southern Methodist University. Most are members of the International Association of Methodist-related Schools", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc94": " a member of their Annual Conference Order of Elders", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc95": " a member of their Annual Conference Order of Elders", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc96": " a priest of the Church of England, because of the crisis caused by the American Revolution which isolated the Methodists in the States from the Church of England", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc97": " a member of their Annual Conference Order of Elders", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af5": " Superintendents of the Districts of the Annual Conference", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af6": " tenures in extension ministries, such as military chaplaincy, campus ministry, missions, higher education and other ministries beyond the local church", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af7": " tenures in extension ministries, such as military chaplaincy, campus ministry, missions, higher education and other ministries beyond the local church", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155a": "Elders are called by God, affirmed by the church, and ordained by a bishop", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155b": " Elders", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155c": " District Superintendents, and they are eligible for election to the episcopacy", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155d": " Elders", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b03": " servant leadership within the church.They are ordained to ministries of word, service, compassion, and justice", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b04": " servant leadership within the church.They are ordained to ministries of word, service, compassion, and justice", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b05": " servant leadership within the church.They are ordained to ministries of word, service, compassion, and justice", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b06": " servant leadership within the church.They are ordained to ministries of word, service, compassion, and justice", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d6": " a normal expectation, rather than an extraordinary provision for ministry", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d7": " a normal expectation, rather than an extraordinary provision for ministry", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d8": " a normal expectation, rather than an extraordinary provision for ministry", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01562": " Pastors are called by God, affirmed by the church, and appointed by a bishop", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01563": " Pastors are called by God, affirmed by the church, and appointed by a bishop", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01564": " Pastors are called by God, affirmed by the church, and appointed by a bishop", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01565": " Pastors are called by God, affirmed by the church, and appointed by a bishop", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dc": " adult baptism", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dd": " adult baptism", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244de": " adult baptism", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fc": " Baptism is a sacrament in the UMC. The Book of Discipline of the United Methodist Church", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fd": " UMC. The Book of Discipline of the United Methodist Church", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fe": " adults", "5730de74f6cb411900e244ff": " Church and the Methodist-Christian theological tradition in order to profess their ultimate faith in Christ", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b61": " district or conference projects and programs", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b62": " Local Pastor", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b63": " Local Pastor, Associate Member or deacon is unavailable. There are two categories of lay servants: local church lay servant", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b64": " Local Pastor, Associate Member or deacon is unavailable. There are two categories of lay servants: local church lay servant", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b73": " Evangelicals", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b74": " observer status in the National Association of Evangelicals", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b75": " Evangelicals", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce4": " Union American Methodist Episcopal Church", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce5": " Union American Methodist Episcopal Church", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce6": " A Commission on Pan Methodist Cooperation and Union formed in 2000", "5730eb5b497a881900248a3f": " over 34,000 congregations", "5730eb5b497a881900248a40": " over 34,000 congregations", "5730eb5b497a881900248a41": " over 34,000 congregations. Membership is concentrated primarily in the Midwest", "5730eb5b497a881900248a42": " over 34,000 congregations. Membership is concentrated primarily in the Midwest", "5730eb5b497a881900248a43": " over 34,000 congregations. Membership is concentrated primarily in the Midwest", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae5": " 700,000 members into the denomination", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae6": " 11.4 million, with about 7.9 million in the U.S. and 3.5 million overseas", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae7": " 11.4 million", "5730ec85e6313a140071caba": " July 18", "5730ec85e6313a140071cabb": " July 18", "5730ec85e6313a140071cabc": " July 18", "5733cf61d058e614000b62e9": "1754\u20131763) was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War", "5733cf61d058e614000b62ea": "1754\u20131763) was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War. The war was fought between the colonies of British America", "5733cf61d058e614000b62eb": "1754\u20131763) was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War", "5733cf61d058e614000b62ec": "1754\u20131763) was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War", "5733cff84776f419006612b4": " May 1754", "5733cff84776f419006612b5": " Nova Scotia in the North. It began with a dispute over control of the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers", "5733cff84776f419006612b6": " Nova Scotia in the North. It began with a dispute over control of the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers", "5733d13e4776f419006612c4": " July 9, 1755", "5733d13e4776f419006612c5": " July 9, 1755", "5733d13e4776f419006612c6": " six colonial governors in North America met with General Edward Braddock, the newly arrived British Army commander", "5733d13e4776f419006612c7": " six colonial governors in North America met with General Edward Braddock, the newly arrived British Army", "5733d13e4776f419006612c8": " six colonial governors in North America met with General Edward Braddock, the newly arrived British Army commander", "5733d249d058e614000b6331": " a campaign to capture the Colony of Canada", "5733d249d058e614000b6332": " 1758 and 1760, the British military launched a campaign to capture the Colony of Canada", "5733d249d058e614000b6333": " a campaign to capture the Colony of Canada", "5733d249d058e614000b6334": " a campaign to capture the Colony of Canada", "5733d2dbd058e614000b6339": " ceded French Louisiana west of the Mississippi River (including New Orleans) to its ally Spain", "5733d2dbd058e614000b633a": " ceded French Louisiana west of the Mississippi River (including New Orleans) to its ally Spain", "5733d2dbd058e614000b633b": " a century of Anglo-French conflict. France ceded its territory east of the Mississippi to Great Britain", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ea": " Seven Years' War, a much larger conflict between France and Great Britain", "5733d3cb4776f419006612eb": " Seven Years' War, a much larger conflict between France and Great Britain", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ec": " 1740s, British colonists named the second war in King George's reign after their opponents, and it became known as the French and Indian War", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ed": " Seven Years' War, a much larger conflict between France and Great Britain", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6353": " 1756 to the signing of the peace treaty in 1763", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6354": " 1756 to the signing of the peace treaty in 1763", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6355": " 1756 to the signing of the peace treaty in 1763", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6356": " 1756 to the signing of the peace treaty in 1763", "5733d5704776f4190066130e": " 75,000 and was heavily concentrated along the St. Lawrence River valley", "5733d5704776f4190066130f": " about 75,000 and was heavily concentrated along the St. Lawrence River valley", "5733d5704776f41900661310": " about 75,000 and was heavily concentrated along the St. Lawrence River valley", "5733d68ed058e614000b637f": " Nova Scotia and Newfoundland", "5733d68ed058e614000b6380": " Nova Scotia and Newfoundland", "5733d68ed058e614000b6381": " Nova Scotia and Newfoundland", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ab": " Nova Scotia, Acadia, and the eastern portions of the province of Canada", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ac": " Nova Scotia, Acadia, and the eastern portions of the province of Canada", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ad": " Nova Scotia, Acadia, and the eastern portions of the province of Canada", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ae": " Nova Scotia, Acadia, and the eastern portions of the province of Canada", "5733da01d058e614000b63f9": " 1758", "5733da01d058e614000b63fa": " Siouan-speaking Catawba, Muskogee-speaking Creek and Choctaw, and the Iroquoian-speaking Cherokee", "5733da01d058e614000b63fb": " Siouan-speaking Catawba, Muskogee-speaking Creek and Choctaw, and the Iroquoian-speaking Cherokee", "5733dab4d058e614000b6409": " no French regular army troops were stationed in North America", "5733dab4d058e614000b640a": " French regular army troops were stationed in North America", "5733dab4d058e614000b640b": " local militia companies, generally ill trained and available only for short periods, to deal with native threats", "5733db8dd058e614000b6428": " June and November 1749", "5733db8dd058e614000b6429": " June and November 1749", "5733db8dd058e614000b642a": " June and November 1749", "5733dc95d058e614000b644a": " 1749", "5733dc95d058e614000b644b": " 1749", "5733dc95d058e614000b644c": " 1749", "5733dc95d058e614000b644d": " 1749", "5733dd4f4776f419006613aa": " brisk trade in European colonial captives", "5733dd4f4776f419006613ab": " brisk trade in European colonial captives", "5733dd4f4776f419006613ac": " brisk trade in European colonial captives", "5733e5a14776f4190066145b": " 1749 the British government gave land to the Ohio Company of Virginia", "5733e5a14776f4190066145c": " 1749 the British government gave land to the Ohio Company of Virginia", "5733e5a14776f4190066145d": " 1749 the British government gave land to the Ohio Company of Virginia", "5733e5a14776f4190066145e": " 1749 the British government gave land to the Ohio Company of Virginia", "5733e5a14776f4190066145f": " 1749 the British government gave land to the Ohio Company of Virginia", "5733e771d058e614000b6545": " 1748 with the signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle", "5733e771d058e614000b6546": " 1748 with the signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle", "5733e771d058e614000b6547": " 1748 with the signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle", "5733e771d058e614000b6548": " 1748 with the signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a6": " 1752", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a7": " 1752", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a8": " March 17, 1752, the Governor-General of New France, Marquis de la Jonqui\u00e8re, died", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a9": " March 17, 1752, the Governor-General of New France, Marquis de la Jonqui\u00e8re", "5733ea04d058e614000b6594": " four years earlier, but where C\u00e9loron had limited the record of French claims to the burial of lead plates", "5733ea04d058e614000b6595": " 1753, Paul Marin de la Malgue was given command of a 2,000-man force of Troupes de la Marine", "5733ea04d058e614000b6596": " 1753, Paul Marin de la Malgue was given command of a 2,000-man force of Troupes de la Marine", "5733ea04d058e614000b6597": " four years earlier, but where C\u00e9loron had limited the record of French claims to the burial of lead plates", "5733ea04d058e614000b6598": " 1753, Paul Marin de la Malgue was given command of a 2,000-man force of Troupes de la Marine", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cc": " honorary member of the Iroquois Confederacy", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cd": " honorary member of the Iroquois Confederacy", "5733eb34d058e614000b65ce": " honorary member of the Iroquois Confederacy", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cf": " honorary member of the Iroquois Confederacy", "5733ef47d058e614000b662b": " Christopher Gist, a company surveyor", "5733ef47d058e614000b662c": " Christopher Gist, a company surveyor", "5733ef47d058e614000b662d": " Christopher Gist, a company surveyor", "5733ef47d058e614000b662e": " Mingo led by Tanaghrisson. On December 12, Washington and his men reached Fort Le Boeuf", "5733f062d058e614000b6633": " Marin as commander of the French forces after the latter died on October 29, invited Washington to dine with him", "5733f062d058e614000b6634": " Marin as commander of the French forces after the latter died on October 29", "5733f062d058e614000b6635": " Marin as commander of the French forces after the latter died on October 29", "5733f062d058e614000b6636": " Marin as commander of the French forces after the latter died on October 29", "5733f1784776f41900661575": " 1754 they began construction of a small stockaded fort. Governor Duquesne sent additional French forces under Claude-Pierre Pecaudy", "5733f1784776f41900661576": " 1754 they began construction of a small stockaded fort. Governor Duquesne sent additional French forces under Claude-Pierre Pecaudy", "5733f1784776f41900661577": " 1754 they began construction of a small stockaded fort. Governor Duquesne sent additional French forces under Claude-Pierre Pecaudy", "5733f309d058e614000b6648": " May 28 in what became known as the Battle of Jumonville", "5733f309d058e614000b6649": " May 28 in what became known as the Battle of Jumonville", "5733f309d058e614000b664a": " May 28 in what became known as the Battle of Jumonville", "5733f410d058e614000b6663": " six regiments to New France under the command of Baron Dieskau in 1755", "5733f410d058e614000b6664": " 1755. The British, intending to blockade French ports, sent out their fleet in February 1755", "5733f410d058e614000b6665": " six regiments to New France under the command of Baron Dieskau in 1755", "5733f410d058e614000b6666": " 1755. The British, intending to blockade French ports, sent out their fleet in February 1755", "5733f5264776f419006615a3": " Albany Congress in June and July, 1754", "5733f5264776f419006615a4": " 1754", "5733f5264776f419006615a5": " 1754. The goal of the congress was to formalize a unified front in trade and negotiations with various Indians", "5733f5264776f419006615a6": " 1754", "5733f5f24776f419006615c1": " Two future opponents in the American Revolutionary War, Washington and Thomas Gage", "5733f5f24776f419006615c2": " Two future opponents in the American Revolutionary War, Washington and Thomas Gage", "5733f5f24776f419006615c3": " Two future opponents in the American Revolutionary War, Washington and Thomas Gage", "5733f5f24776f419006615c4": " Two future opponents in the American Revolutionary War, Washington and Thomas Gage", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66a9": "risons at Oswego, Fort Bull, and Fort Williams", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66aa": "risons at Oswego, Fort Bull, and Fort Williams", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ab": "risons at Oswego, Fort Bull, and Fort Williams", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ac": "risons at Oswego, Fort Bull, and Fort Williams", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f7": " 1759", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f8": " 1759", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f9": " 1759", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fa": " 1759", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fb": " 1759", "5733f9fa4776f4190066161f": " 1755, cutting the French fortress at Louisbourg", "5733f9fa4776f41900661620": " Nova Scotia's Governor Charles Lawrence ordered the deportation of the French-speaking Acadian population", "5733f9fa4776f41900661621": " Bloody Creek near Annapolis Royal in 1757", "5733faaf4776f4190066162f": " Sir Charles Hardy", "5733faaf4776f41900661630": " Sir Charles Hardy", "5733faaf4776f41900661631": " Sir Charles Hardy", "5733faaf4776f41900661632": " Sir Charles Hardy", "5733fb7bd058e614000b66ff": " Seven Years' War", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6700": " Seven Years' War", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6701": " Seven Years' War", "5733fc6ed058e614000b670f": " 1756", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6710": " Bull, French forces destroyed the fort and large quantities of supplies, including 45,000 pounds of gunpowder", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6711": " Bull, French forces destroyed the fort and large quantities of supplies, including 45,000 pounds of gunpowder", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6712": " 1756", "5733fd66d058e614000b6735": " July. When he arrived in Albany, Abercrombie refused to take any significant actions until Loudoun approved them", "5733fd66d058e614000b6736": " July. When he arrived in Albany, Abercrombie", "5733fd66d058e614000b6737": " July. When he arrived in Albany, Abercrombie", "5733fd66d058e614000b6738": " July. When he arrived in Albany", "5733fe73d058e614000b673d": " 1757", "5733fe73d058e614000b673e": " 1757", "5733fe73d058e614000b673f": " 1757: an attack on New France", "5733fe73d058e614000b6740": " 1757", "5733ffa7d058e614000b674f": " smallpox into remote Indian populations", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6750": "French irregular forces (Canadian scouts and Indians) harassed Fort William Henry throughout the first half of 1757", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6751": "French irregular forces (Canadian scouts and Indians) harassed Fort William Henry throughout the first half of 1757", "57340111d058e614000b677d": " 1758, as the British blockade of the French coastline limited French shipping. The situation in New France was further exacerbated by a poor harvest in 1757", "57340111d058e614000b677e": " 1758, as the British blockade of the French coastline limited French shipping. The situation in New France was further exacerbated by a poor harvest in 1757", "57340111d058e614000b677f": " 1758, as the British blockade of the French coastline limited French shipping. The situation in New France was further exacerbated by a poor harvest in 1757", "5734025d4776f419006616c3": " three major offensive actions involving large numbers of regular troops, supported by the provincial militias, aimed at capturing the heartlands of New France", "5734025d4776f419006616c4": " three major offensive actions involving large numbers of regular troops, supported by the provincial militias, aimed at capturing the heartlands of New France", "5734025d4776f419006616c5": " three major offensive actions involving large numbers of regular troops, supported by the provincial militias, aimed at capturing the heartlands of New France", "5734025d4776f419006616c6": " three major offensive actions involving large numbers of regular troops, supported by the provincial militias, aimed at capturing the heartlands of New France", "573403394776f419006616dd": " Abercrombie's force of 18,000 regulars", "573403394776f419006616de": " the Battle of Carillon, in which 3,600 Frenchmen famously and decisively defeated Abercrombie's force of 18,000 regulars", "573403394776f419006616df": " furs destined for Europe. Abercrombie was recalled and replaced by Jeffery Amherst", "573403394776f419006616e0": " furs destined for Europe. Abercrombie was recalled and replaced by Jeffery Amherst", "57340549d058e614000b67dd": " Seven Years' War in 1758, France's new foreign minister, the duc de Choiseul, decided to focus on an invasion of Britain", "57340549d058e614000b67de": " Pitt again planned significant campaigns against New France, and sent funds to Britain's ally on the mainland, Prussia", "57340549d058e614000b67df": " Seven Years' War in 1758, France's new foreign minister, the duc de Choiseul, decided to focus on an invasion of Britain", "573406d1d058e614000b6801": " 1759, when they finally captured Ticonderoga, James Wolfe defeated Montcalm", "573406d1d058e614000b6802": " 1759", "573406d1d058e614000b6803": " 1759", "573406d1d058e614000b6804": " 1759", "573407d7d058e614000b6813": " regular troops were returned to France", "573407d7d058e614000b6814": " regular troops were returned to France", "573407d7d058e614000b6815": " 1760, and before any hostilities erupted, Governor Vaudreuil negotiated from Montreal a capitulation with General Amherst", "573408ef4776f41900661757": " 10 February 1763, and war in the European theatre of the Seven Years' War was settled by the Treaty of Hubertusburg", "573408ef4776f41900661758": " 1763, and war in the European theatre of the Seven Years' War was settled by the Treaty of Hubertusburg on 15 February 1763", "573408ef4776f41900661759": " 10 February 1763, and war in the European theatre of the Seven Years' War was settled by the Treaty of Hubertusburg", "573408ef4776f4190066175a": " 10 February 1763, and war in the European theatre of the Seven Years' War was settled by the Treaty of Hubertusburg", "57340a094776f4190066177d": " 80,000 primarily French-speaking Roman Catholic residents", "57340a094776f4190066177e": " 80,000 primarily French-speaking Roman Catholic residents", "57340a094776f4190066177f": " 80,000 primarily French-speaking Roman Catholic residents", "57340a094776f41900661780": " 80,000 primarily French-speaking Roman Catholic residents", "57340b1bd058e614000b6869": " 1763 on October 7, 1763", "57340b1bd058e614000b686a": " civic participation by the Roman Catholic Canadians. When accommodations were made in the Quebec Act in 1774", "57340b1bd058e614000b686b": " civic participation by the Roman Catholic Canadians", "57340d124776f419006617c3": " 1769", "57340d124776f419006617c0": " 1769", "57340d124776f419006617c1": " 1769", "57340d124776f419006617c2": " a strong ally and counterweight to British expansion, leading to their ultimate dispossession. The Ohio Country", "57340d124776f419006617bf": " legal and illegal settlement due to the construction of military roads to the area by Braddock and Forbes", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e71": " Archimedes retained fundamental errors in understanding force. In part this was due to an incomplete understanding of the sometimes non-obvious force of friction", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e72": " Archimedes retained fundamental errors in understanding force. In part this was due to an incomplete understanding of the sometimes non-obvious force of friction", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e73": " Archimedes retained fundamental errors in understanding force. In part this was due to an incomplete understanding of the sometimes non-obvious force of friction", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e74": " Archimedes retained fundamental errors in understanding force. In part this was due to an incomplete understanding of the sometimes non-obvious force of friction", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e75": " Archimedes retained fundamental errors in understanding force. In part this was due to an incomplete understanding of the sometimes non-obvious force of friction", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7b": " gauge bosons are the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7c": " gauge bosons are the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7d": " gauge bosons are the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7e": " gauge bosons are the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7f": " gauge bosons are the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e85": "Aristotle provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotel", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e86": "Aristotle provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotel", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e87": " projectiles, such as the flight of arrows", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e88": " projectiles, such as the flight of arrows", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e89": " projectiles, such as the flight of arrows", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e8f": " incline to disprove the Aristotelian theory of motion early in the 17th century", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e90": " incline to disprove the Aristotelian theory of motion early in the 17th century", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e91": " incline to disprove the Aristotelian theory of motion early in the 17th century", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e92": " incline to disprove the Aristotelian theory of motion early in the 17th century", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e93": " incline to disprove the Aristotelian theory of motion early in the 17th century", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e99": " a more detailed description of this below). Newton proposed that every object with mass has an innate inertia that functions as the fundamental equilibrium \"natural state\"", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9a": " move in a state of constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9b": "Newton's First Law of Motion states that objects continue to move in a state of constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9c": " move in a state of constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9d": "Newton's First Law", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea3": " falls back down. From the perspective of the person in the car, the vehicle and everything inside of it is at rest: It is the outside world", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea4": " A person can throw a ball straight up", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea5": " falls back down. From the perspective of the person in the car, the vehicle and everything inside of it is at rest: It is the outside world", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea6": " falls back down. From the perspective of the person in the car, the vehicle and everything inside of it is at rest: It is the outside world", "573749741c4567190057445d": " Albert Einstein", "573749741c4567190057445e": " Albert Einstein", "573749741c4567190057445f": " Albert Einstein", "573749741c45671900574460": " weightlessness when in free-fall orbit around the Earth", "573749741c45671900574461": " Albert Einstein", "573750f51c45671900574467": " kinematic measurements", "573750f61c45671900574468": " kinematic measurements", "573750f61c45671900574469": " a quantitative definition of mass", "573750f61c4567190057446a": " a quantitative definition of mass", "573750f61c4567190057446b": " a quantitative definition", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eab": "Newton's Third Law is a result of applying symmetry to situations where forces can be attributed to the presence of different objects", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eac": " a result of applying symmetry to situations where forces can be attributed to the presence of different objects", "5737534ec3c5551400e51ead": " F and \u2212F are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. This law is sometimes referred to as the action-reaction law", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eae": " a result of applying symmetry to situations where forces can be attributed to the presence of different objects", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb3": " accelerate with respect to each other", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb4": " accelerate with respect to each other", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb5": " accelerate with respect to each other", "573766251c45671900574471": " direct observations and compared to a standard measurement scale", "573766251c45671900574472": " direct observations and compared to a standard measurement scale", "573766251c45671900574473": " direct observations and compared to a standard measurement scale", "573766251c45671900574474": " direct observations and compared to a standard measurement scale", "57376828c3c5551400e51eb9": " a particular direction and have sizes dependent upon how strong the push or pull is. Because of these characteristics, forces are classified as \"vector quantities", "57376828c3c5551400e51eba": " scalar quantities). For example, when determining what happens when two forces act on the same object", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebb": " direction and have sizes dependent upon how strong the push or pull is. Because of these characteristics, forces are classified as \"vector quantities", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebc": " a particular direction and have sizes dependent upon how strong the push or pull is. Because of these characteristics, forces are classified as \"vector quantities", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebd": " direction and have sizes dependent upon how strong the push or pull is. Because of these characteristics, forces are classified as \"vector quantities", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec3": " vector quantities", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec4": " vector quantities", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec5": " vector quantities: they have magnitude and direction. When two forces act on a point particle", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec6": " vector quantities: they have magnitude and direction. When two forces act on a point particle", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec7": " vector quantities", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecd": " A horizontal force pointing northeast", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ece": " vector addition yields the original force. Resolving force vectors into components of a set of basis vectors", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecf": " A horizontal force pointing northeast can therefore be split into two forces, one pointing north, and one pointing east", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed0": " vector addition yields the original force. Resolving force vectors into components of a set of basis vectors", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed1": " vector addition yields the original force. Resolving force vectors into components of a set of basis vectors", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed7": " move because the applied force is opposed by static friction, generated between the object and the table surface", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed8": " move because the applied force is opposed by static friction, generated between the object and the table surface", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed9": " move because the applied force is opposed by static friction, generated between the object and the table surface", "57376df3c3c5551400e51eda": " move because the applied force is opposed by static friction, generated between the object and the table surface", "57377083c3c5551400e51edf": " Archimedes' principle for buoyancy", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee0": " spring balances. For example, an object suspended on a vertical spring scale", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee1": " Archimedes' analysis of the lever; Boyle's law", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee2": " Archimedes' principle for buoyancy", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee3": " Archimedes' principle for buoyancy", "573776eec3c5551400e51ee9": " mariner dropped a cannonball from the crow's nest of a ship", "573776eec3c5551400e51eea": " Galileo", "573776eec3c5551400e51eeb": " Galileo", "573776eec3c5551400e51eec": " Galileo", "573776eec3c5551400e51eed": " mariner dropped a cannonball from the crow's nest of a ship", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef3": "A simple case of dynamic equilibrium occurs in constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef4": "A simple case of dynamic equilibrium occurs in constant velocity motion across a surface", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef5": "A simple case of dynamic equilibrium occurs in constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef6": "A simple case of dynamic equilibrium occurs in constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction", "57377aac1c45671900574479": " operators instead of classical variables", "57377aac1c4567190057447a": " operators instead of classical variables", "57377aac1c4567190057447b": " operators instead of classical variables", "57377aac1c4567190057447c": " classical variables and though the physics is now described by the Schr\u00f6dinger equation", "57377aac1c4567190057447d": " operators instead of classical variables and though the physics is now described by the Schr\u00f6dinger equation", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efb": " fermions there is a strictly negative correlation between spatial and spin variables", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efc": " fermions there is a strictly negative correlation between spatial and spin variables", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efd": " fermions there is a strictly negative correlation between spatial and spin variables", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efe": " fermions there is a strictly negative correlation between spatial and spin variables", "57377c98c3c5551400e51eff": " fermions there is a strictly negative correlation between spatial and spin variables", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f05": " Feynman diagram", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f06": " particle physics, forces and the acceleration of particles are explained as a mathematical by-product of exchange of momentum-carrying gauge", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f07": " particle physics, forces and the acceleration of particles are explained as a mathematical by-product of exchange of momentum-carrying gauge", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f08": " particle physics, forces and the acceleration of particles are explained as a mathematical by-product of exchange of momentum-carrying gauge", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f09": " particle physics, forces and the acceleration of particles are explained as a mathematical by-product of exchange of momentum-carrying gauge", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f0f": " four fundamental interactions. The strong and weak forces are nuclear forces that act only at very short distances, and are responsible for the interactions between subatomic particles", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f10": " four fundamental interactions. The strong and weak forces are nuclear forces that act only at very short distances, and are responsible for the interactions between subatomic particles", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f11": " four fundamental interactions. The strong and weak forces are nuclear forces that act only at very short distances, and are responsible for the interactions between subatomic particles", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f12": " four fundamental interactions. The strong and weak forces are nuclear forces that act only at very short distances, and are responsible for the interactions between subatomic particles", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f13": " four fundamental interactions. The strong and weak forces are nuclear forces that act only at very short distances, and are responsible for the interactions between subatomic particles", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f19": " Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell demonstrated that electric and magnetic forces were unified through one consistent theory of electromagnetism", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1a": " Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell demonstrated that electric and magnetic forces were unified through one consistent theory of electromagnetism", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1b": " Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell demonstrated that electric and magnetic forces were unified through one consistent theory of electromagnetism", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1c": " Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell demonstrated that electric and magnetic forces were unified through one consistent theory of electromagnetism", "573784fa1c45671900574483": " Isaac Newton", "573784fa1c45671900574484": " Isaac Newton", "573784fa1c45671900574485": " Isaac Newton", "573784fa1c45671900574486": " Isaac Newton", "573784fa1c45671900574487": " Isaac Newton", "573786b51c4567190057448d": " a formula that relates the mass () and the radius () of the Earth", "573786b51c4567190057448e": " a formula that relates the mass () and the radius () of the Earth", "573786b51c4567190057448f": " a formula that relates the mass () and the radius () of the Earth", "573786b51c45671900574490": " decreased as an inverse square law", "57378862c3c5551400e51f21": " 1798", "57378862c3c5551400e51f22": " Cavendish able to make the first measurement", "57378862c3c5551400e51f23": " 1798", "57378862c3c5551400e51f24": " Cavendish able to make the first measurement", "5737898f1c45671900574495": "Vulcan)", "5737898f1c45671900574496": "Vulcan)", "5737898f1c45671900574497": " Albert Einstein formulated his theory of general relativity (GR) he turned his attention to the problem of Mercury's orbit", "5737898f1c45671900574498": "Vulcan)", "5737898f1c45671900574499": "Vulcan)", "57378b141c4567190057449f": " GR, gravitation is not viewed as a force, but rather, objects moving freely in gravitational fields travel under their own inertia in straight lines", "57378b141c456719005744a0": " GR, gravitation is not viewed as a force, but rather, objects moving freely in gravitational fields travel under their own inertia in straight lines", "57378b141c456719005744a1": " GR, gravitation is not viewed as a force, but rather, objects moving freely in gravitational fields travel under their own inertia in straight lines", "57378b141c456719005744a2": " GR, gravitation is not viewed as a force, but rather, objects moving freely in gravitational fields travel under their own inertia in straight lines", "57378c9b1c456719005744a8": " vector multiplication called Lorentz's Law", "57378c9b1c456719005744a9": " vector multiplication called Lorentz's Law", "57378c9b1c456719005744a7": " Lorentz's Law", "57378c9b1c456719005744aa": " Lorentz's Law", "57378e311c456719005744af": " Clerk Maxwell unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations, which were later reformulated into 4 vector equations", "57378e311c456719005744b0": " Clerk Maxwell unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations, which were later reformulated into 4 vector equations", "57378e311c456719005744b1": " Clerk Maxwell unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations, which were later reformulated into 4 vector equations", "57378e311c456719005744b2": " Clerk Maxwell unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations, which were later reformulated into 4 vector equations by Oliver Heavis", "57378e311c456719005744b3": " Clerk Maxwell unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations, which were later reformulated into 4 vector equations", "573792ee1c456719005744b9": " electrodynamics (or QED), which fully describes all electromagnetic phenomena as being mediated by wave\u2013particles known as photons", "573792ee1c456719005744ba": " electrodynamics (or QED), which fully describes all electromagnetic phenomena as being mediated by wave\u2013particles known as photons", "573792ee1c456719005744bb": " electrodynamics (or QED), which fully describes all electromagnetic phenomena as being mediated by wave\u2013particles known as photons", "573792ee1c456719005744bc": " electrodynamics (or QED), which fully describes all electromagnetic phenomena as being mediated by wave\u2013particles known as photons", "573792ee1c456719005744bd": " electrodynamics (or QED), which fully describes all electromagnetic phenomena as being mediated by wave\u2013particles known as photons", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f29": " electron states", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2a": " electron states", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2b": " electron states", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2c": " electron states", "5737958b1c456719005744c3": " electron states", "5737958b1c456719005744c4": " electron states", "5737958b1c456719005744c5": " electron states", "5737958b1c456719005744c6": " electron states", "573796edc3c5551400e51f33": " elementary particles. However, a residual of the force is observed between hadrons", "573796edc3c5551400e51f34": " elementary particles. However, a residual of the force is observed between hadrons", "573796edc3c5551400e51f35": " hadrons", "573796edc3c5551400e51f36": " strong force only acts directly upon elementary particles. However, a residual of the force is observed between hadrons", "573796edc3c5551400e51f37": " hadrons", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3d": " beta decay (of neutrons in atomic nuclei)", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3e": " beta decay (of neutrons in atomic nuclei)", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3f": " neutrons in atomic nuclei)", "57379829c3c5551400e51f40": " beta decay (of neutrons in atomic nuclei)", "57379829c3c5551400e51f41": " beta decay (of neutrons in atomic nuclei)", "57379a4b1c456719005744cd": " fermionic nature of electrons) follows resulting in the force that acts in a direction normal to the surface interface between two objects", "57379a4b1c456719005744ce": " fermionic nature of electrons) follows resulting in the force that acts in a direction normal to the surface interface between two objects", "57379a4b1c456719005744cf": " fermionic nature of electrons) follows resulting in the force that acts in a direction normal to the surface interface between two objects", "57379a4b1c456719005744d0": " fermionic nature of electrons) follows resulting in the force that acts in a direction normal to the surface interface between two objects", "57379ed81c456719005744d5": " pulleys", "57379ed81c456719005744d6": " pulleys", "57379ed81c456719005744d7": " pulleys", "57379ed81c456719005744d8": " pulleys", "57379ed81c456719005744d9": " pulleys", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f47": " three-dimensional objects", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f48": " three-dimensional objects", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f49": " three-dimensional objects", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4a": " three-dimensional objects", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4b": "Newton's laws and Newtonian mechanics in general were first developed to describe how forces affect idealized point particles rather than three-dimensional objects", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f51": " tensor)", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f52": " tensor)", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f53": " tensor)", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f54": " tensor)", "5737a4511c456719005744df": "Torque is the rotation equivalent of force in the same way that angle is the rotational equivalent for position, angular velocity for velocity, and angular momentum", "5737a4511c456719005744e0": "Torque is the rotation equivalent of force in the same way that angle is the rotational equivalent for position, angular velocity for velocity, and angular momentum", "5737a4511c456719005744e1": "Torque is the rotation equivalent of force in the same way that angle is the rotational equivalent for position, angular velocity for velocity, and angular momentum", "5737a5931c456719005744e7": " accelerates the object by either slowing it down or speeding it up", "5737a5931c456719005744e8": " accelerates the object by either slowing it down or speeding it up", "5737a5931c456719005744e9": " centripetal force felt by any object", "5737a5931c456719005744ea": " accelerates the object by either slowing it down or speeding it up", "5737a5931c456719005744eb": " centripetal force felt by any object", "5737a7351c456719005744f1": " conservative force that acts on a closed system", "5737a7351c456719005744f2": " potential forms. This means that for a closed system, the net mechanical energy is conserved", "5737a7351c456719005744f3": " conservative force that acts on a closed system has an associated mechanical work that allows energy to convert only between kinetic or potential forms", "5737a7351c456719005744f4": " conservative force that acts on a closed system", "5737a7351c456719005744f5": " a conservative force acts on the system. The force, therefore, is related directly to the difference in potential energy between two different locations", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f59": " gradient of potentials. This is often due to macrophysical considerations that yield forces as arising from a macroscopic statistical average of microstates", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5a": " gradient of potentials. This is often due to macrophysical considerations that yield forces as arising from a macroscopic statistical average of microstates", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5b": " gradient of potentials. This is often due to macrophysical considerations that yield forces as arising from a macroscopic statistical average of microstates", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5c": " electrostatic potentials between the atoms, but manifests as a force model that is independent of any macroscale position vector", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f61": " Second law of thermodynamics, nonconservative forces necessarily result in energy transformations within closed systems", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f62": " Second law of thermodynamics, nonconservative forces necessarily result in energy transformations within closed systems", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f63": " Second law of thermodynamics, nonconservative forces necessarily result in energy transformations within closed systems", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f64": " detailed treatment with statistical mechanics", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f65": " Second law of thermodynamics, nonconservative forces necessarily result in energy transformations within closed systems", "5737aafd1c456719005744fb": " kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond), is the force exerted by standard gravity", "5737aafd1c456719005744fc": " metric counterpart, less commonly used than the newton: the kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond", "5737aafd1c456719005744fd": " kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond), is the force exerted by standard gravity", "5737aafd1c456719005744fe": " kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond), is the force exerted by standard gravity", "5737aafd1c456719005744ff": " kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond), is the force exerted by standard gravity" }