{ "56be4db0acb8001400a502ec": "Denver Broncos", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ed": "Denver Broncos", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ee": "Arabic numerals 50", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ef": "Arabic numerals 50", "56be4db0acb8001400a502f0": "50", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d1": "Arabic numerals 50", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d2": "2016", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d3": "50", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91b9": "Arabic numerals 50", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91ba": "50", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91bb": "2016", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91df": "Arabic numerals 50", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e0": "Arabic numerals 50", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e1": "Arabic numerals 50", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e2": "L", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e3": "2015 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion Denver Broncos", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fd": "Carolina Panthers", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fe": "Arabic numerals 50", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94ff": "Arabic numerals 50", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9500": "Arabic numerals 50", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9501": "Denver Broncos", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e8": "Arabic numerals 50", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e9": "Denver Broncos", "56d20362e7d4791d009025ea": "Denver Broncos", "56d20362e7d4791d009025eb": "Arabic numerals 50", "56d600e31c85041400946eae": "2015 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion Denver Broncos", "56d600e31c85041400946eb0": "Arabic numerals 50", "56d600e31c85041400946eb1": "Arabic numerals 50", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb50e": "50", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb510": "50", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f6": "Cam Newton", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f9": "15\u20131", "56be4e1facb8001400a502fa": "1995", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c2": "Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c3": "12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91e9": "Arizona Cardinals", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ea": "Arizona Cardinals", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91eb": "12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ec": "15\u20131 record, and quarterback Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49\u201315", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ed": "Cam Newton", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9507": "Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49\u201315", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9508": "Cam Newton", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9509": "Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u20134", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950a": "Patriots, Dallas Cowboys, and Pittsburgh Steelers", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950b": "New England Patriots", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f3": "Cam Newton", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f4": "Arizona Cardinals", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f5": "Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f6": "Arizona Cardinals", "56d6017d1c85041400946ebe": "Cam Newton", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec1": "Arizona Cardinals", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec2": "Arizona Cardinals", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52a": "Cam Newton", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52b": "Arizona Cardinals", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52e": "Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49\u201315", "56be4eafacb8001400a50302": "Von Miller", "56be4eafacb8001400a50303": "Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56be4eafacb8001400a50304": "Von Miller", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d2": "Von Miller", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d3": "five", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d4": "Von Miller", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f4": "seven", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f5": "Von Miller", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f6": "Von Miller", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f7": "Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9511": "Von Miller", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9513": "Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9514": "five", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9515": "Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56d204ade7d4791d00902603": "Von Miller", "56d204ade7d4791d00902604": "five", "56d601e41c85041400946ece": "seven", "56d601e41c85041400946ecf": "seven", "56d601e41c85041400946ed0": "Von Miller", "56d601e41c85041400946ed1": "Von Miller", "56d601e41c85041400946ed2": "Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53b": "seven", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53c": "Von Miller", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53d": "Von Miller", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53e": "five", "56be5333acb8001400a5030a": "CBS", "56be5333acb8001400a5030b": "$5 million", "56be5333acb8001400a5030c": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56be5333acb8001400a5030d": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56be5333acb8001400a5030e": "Bruno Mars", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fd": "CBS", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fe": "$5 million", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91ff": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9200": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9201": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951b": "CBS broadcast Super Bowl 50", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951c": "$5 million", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951e": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951f": "third", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902608": "CBS broadcast Super Bowl 50", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902609": "$5 million", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260a": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260b": "British rock group Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d602631c85041400946ed8": "CBS broadcast Super Bowl 50", "56d602631c85041400946eda": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d602631c85041400946edb": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d602631c85041400946edc": "Bruno Mars", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb544": "CBS broadcast Super Bowl 50", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb545": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb546": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb548": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56be53b8acb8001400a50314": "Roger Goodell", "56be53b8acb8001400a50315": "NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell stated that the league planned to make the 50th", "56be53b8acb8001400a50316": "2012", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9207": "Roger Goodell", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9208": "Roger Goodell", "56bf42f53aeaaa14008c95a3": "Roger Goodell", "56d2053ae7d4791d00902610": "Roger Goodell", "56d6edd00d65d21400198250": "Roger Goodell", "56d6edd00d65d21400198251": "Roger Goodell stated that the league planned to make the 50th Super Bowl \"spectacular", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54e": "Roger Goodell", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54f": "50th", "56be5438acb8001400a5031a": "three", "56be5438acb8001400a5031b": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56be5438acb8001400a5031c": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920b": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920d": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9580": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9581": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9582": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life", "56d20564e7d4791d00902612": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198254": "three", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198255": "New Orleans", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198256": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198257": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198258": "Levi's", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb552": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb553": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb554": "Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56be54bdacb8001400a50322": "Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium", "56be54bdacb8001400a50323": "10 times (tied for most with New Orleans), with the most recent one being Super Bowl XLIV in 2010", "56be54bdacb8001400a50324": "2010", "56be54bdacb8001400a50325": "2010", "56be54bdacb8001400a50326": "1985 (Super Bowl XIX", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921b": "Sun Life Stadium", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921c": "Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921d": "2010", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921e": "May 3, 2013", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921f": "1985 (Super Bowl XIX", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9525": "Levi's Stadium", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9526": "1985", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9528": "Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9529": "Levi's Stadium", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198260": "1985 (Super Bowl XIX", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198262": "South Florida/Miami area has previously hosted the event 10 times (tied for most with New Orleans", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb558": "Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb559": "Levi's Stadium", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55a": "South Florida/Miami area has previously hosted the event 10 times (tied for most with New Orleans", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55b": "1985 (Super Bowl XIX", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55c": "Florida legislature", "56be5523acb8001400a5032c": "$1.2 billion", "56be5523acb8001400a5032d": "Levi's Stadium", "56be5523acb8001400a5032e": "2014", "56be5523acb8001400a5032f": "$1.2 billion", "56be5523acb8001400a50330": "San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9225": "Boston", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9226": "$1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9227": "$1.2 billion", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9228": "1985", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9229": "San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c952f": "$1.2 billion", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9530": "2014", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9531": "$1.2 billion", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9532": "1985", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9533": "XXXVII", "56d6f0770d65d21400198268": "Levi's Stadium", "56d6f0770d65d21400198269": "2014", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826a": "San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826c": "Levi's Stadium", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb562": "$1.2 billion", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb563": "2014", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb564": "$1.2 billion", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb565": "San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX", "56be572b3aeaaa14008c9052": "John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c922f": "Carolina Panthers", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9230": "15\u20131", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9231": "Carolina Panthers", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9232": "Panthers made their second Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9233": "Panthers made their second Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c9539": "XLVIII", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953a": "Carolina Panthers", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953c": "Denver Broncos", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953d": "15\u20131", "56d6f1190d65d21400198272": "Denver Broncos", "56d6f1190d65d21400198273": "third straight season, the number one seeds from both conferences met in the Super Bowl. The Carolina Panthers", "56d6f1190d65d21400198274": "Panthers made their second Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII", "56d6f1190d65d21400198275": "John Fox", "56d6f1190d65d21400198276": "Carolina Panthers", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56c": "15\u20131", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56d": "Denver Broncos", "56d99179dc89441400fdb570": "John Fox", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9058": "DeAngelo Williams", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9059": "Kelvin Benjamin", "56be59683aeaaa14008c905a": "seventh team to win at least 15 regular season games since the league expanded to a 16-game schedule in 1978", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923d": "15 regular season games since the league expanded to a 16-game schedule in 1978", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923e": "best regular season", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923f": "Ten", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9240": "Ten", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9241": "Kelvin Benjamin", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9543": "16-game schedule in 1978", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9544": "14", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9545": "14", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9547": "a torn ACL", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827c": "Benjamin", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827d": "Williams", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827e": "14", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827f": "Ten", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb576": "Panthers", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb577": "16-game schedule in 1978", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb578": "14\u20130, not only setting franchise records", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb57a": "Ten", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9247": "six", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9248": "45", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9249": "3,837 yards and rushing for 636", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924a": "60", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924b": "Greg Olsen", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960b": "45", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960c": "six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960d": "45", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960e": "Brown", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960f": "Jonathan Stewart", "56d6f2960d65d21400198286": "six", "56d6f2960d65d21400198287": "45", "56d6f2960d65d21400198288": "3,837 yards and rushing for 636", "56d6f2960d65d21400198289": "45", "56d6f2960d65d2140019828a": "989", "56d997cddc89441400fdb586": "45", "56d997cddc89441400fdb587": "45", "56d997cddc89441400fdb588": "45", "56d997cddc89441400fdb589": "99", "56d997cddc89441400fdb58a": "Corey Brown", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925b": "308", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925c": "11, while also forcing three fumbles and recovering two. Fellow lineman Mario Addison", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925d": "interceptions with 24", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925e": "11", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925f": "11", "56d6f3500d65d21400198290": "24", "56d6f3500d65d21400198291": "11", "56d6f3500d65d21400198292": "four", "56d6f3500d65d21400198293": "11", "56d6f3500d65d21400198294": "Jared Allen", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59c": "24", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59e": "Jared Allen", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59f": "Jared Allen", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb5a0": "24", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9265": "Gary Kubiak", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9266": "John Fox", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9267": "Gary Kubiak", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9268": "Gary Kubiak", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9269": "Wade Phillips", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954d": "Gary Kubiak", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954e": "Gary Kubiak", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954f": "Gary Kubiak", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9550": "Gary Kubiak", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9551": "17", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829a": "Gary Kubiak", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829b": "Gary Kubiak", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829c": "Gary Kubiak", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829d": "Gary Kubiak", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829e": "John Fox", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c8": "Gary Kubiak", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c9": "Gary Kubiak", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5ca": "Gary Kubiak", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cb": "Gary Kubiak", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cc": "Wade Phillips", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c9279": "67.9", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927a": "2", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927b": "Demaryius Thomas", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927c": "86.4. Veteran receiver Demaryius Thomas", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927d": "1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4. Veteran receiver Demaryius Thomas", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956b": "67.9", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956c": "86.4. Veteran receiver Demaryius Thomas", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956d": "six interceptions for a rating of 86.4. Veteran receiver Demaryius Thomas", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956e": "86.4. Veteran receiver Demaryius Thomas", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956f": "86.4. Veteran receiver", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a4": "67.9", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a5": "86.4. Veteran receiver Demaryius Thomas", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a6": "Demaryius Thomas", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a7": "720", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d6": "67.9", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d7": "86.4. Veteran receiver Demaryius Thomas", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d8": "Emmanuel Sanders", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d9": "86.4. Veteran receiver Demaryius Thomas", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5da": "4.7", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928d": "Von Miller", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928e": "Malik Jackson", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9290": "Brandon Marshall led the team in total tackles with 109", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9291": "Chris Harris, Jr", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9588": "Von Miller", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9589": "109", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c958b": "Malik Jackson", "56d6fea90d65d214001982ae": "296", "56d6fea90d65d214001982af": "Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson each had 5\u00bd sacks. Pro Bowl linebacker Von Miller", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b0": "Brandon Marshall led the team in total tackles with 109", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b2": "Chris Harris, Jr", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5fd": "Von Miller", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5ff": "Brandon Marshall led the team in total tackles with 109", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb600": "Derek Wolfe", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a1": "Seattle Seahawks", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a2": "Arizona Cardinals", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a3": "Arizona Cardinals", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a4": "Arizona Cardinals", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a5": "Seattle Seahawks", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c9559": "Arizona Cardinals", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955a": "Arizona Cardinals", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955b": "Arizona Cardinals", "56d701280d65d214001982b8": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d701280d65d214001982ba": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d701280d65d214001982bc": "Arizona Cardinals", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb616": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb618": "Arizona Cardinals", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb619": "Arizona Cardinals", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb61a": "Arizona Cardinals", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ab": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ac": "11", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ad": "Broncos defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ae": "11 points in the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92af": "17 seconds", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9561": "23", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9562": "11 points", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9563": "Broncos defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9564": "17", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9565": "interceptions", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c2": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c3": "11", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c5": "20\u201318", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb628": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb629": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb62c": "17", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b5": "Thomas Davis, an 11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b6": "broken arm", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b7": "11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b8": "11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9575": "11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9576": "arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9577": "11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9579": "NFC Championship Game", "56d703d10d65d214001982d6": "11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56d703d10d65d214001982d7": "NFC", "56d703d10d65d214001982d8": "11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm in the NFC Championship Game", "56d9a026dc89441400fdb632": "Thomas Davis", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bd": "39", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92be": "John Elway", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bf": "39", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c0": "38", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c1": "38", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9591": "John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9592": "John Elway", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9593": "John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9594": "John Elway", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9595": "39", "56d704430d65d214001982de": "39", "56d704430d65d214001982e0": "39", "56d704430d65d214001982e1": "39", "56d704430d65d214001982e2": "John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63e": "39", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63f": "39", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb640": "John Elway", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c7": "1998", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c8": "1998 NFL draft, while Newton was picked first in 2011", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c9": "13 years and 48 days", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92ca": "13 years and 48 days (Manning was 39", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92cb": "1998 NFL draft, while Newton", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959b": "Manning was the #1 selection of the 1998 NFL draft, while Newton was picked first in 2011.", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959c": "Newton", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959d": "13 years and 48 days", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959e": "13 years and 48 days (Manning was 39", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fc": "1998", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fd": "2011", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fe": "Newton", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb647": "2011", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb648": "13 years and 48 days (Manning was 39, Newton was 26", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb649": "13 years and 48 days (Manning was 39", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92db": "Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dc": "Chicago Bears", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dd": "Chicago Bears", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92de": "way", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92df": "way", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9615": "Chicago Bears", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9617": "way", "56d709ef0d65d21400198306": "Rivera having been a linebacker with the Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX", "56d709ef0d65d21400198307": "Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e5": "Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e6": "high enough quality", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e7": "Ed", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e8": "Baltimore", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e9": "Baltimore Ravens", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a5": "Justin Tucker", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a6": "Justin", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a7": "high enough quality", "56d70adc0d65d21400198311": "Justin Tucker", "56d70adc0d65d21400198312": "high enough quality", "56d70adc0d65d21400198313": "a week 6 game earlier in the 2015 season, a portion of the turf collapsed under Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56d70adc0d65d21400198314": "slipping", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb678": "6", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb679": "a week 6 game earlier in the 2015 season, a portion of the turf collapsed under Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92f9": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fa": "Atlanta Falcons", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fb": "Atlanta Falcons", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fc": "black jerseys with silver", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fd": "Atlanta Falcons", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ab": "Super Bowl XXXIII", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ac": "Atlanta Falcons", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ae": "Atlanta Falcons", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95af": "Atlanta Falcons", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831d": "Atlanta Falcons", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831f": "white as the designated home team in the Super Bowl was the Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb697": "Atlanta Falcons", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb698": "blue", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb699": "Atlanta Falcons", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb69a": "Atlanta Falcons", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9303": "San Jose State", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9304": "San Jose State", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9305": "Santa Clara", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9306": "Santa Clara", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b5": "San Jose State practice facility", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b6": "San Jose State practice facility", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b7": "San Jose State practice facility", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b8": "Stanford", "56d70d240d65d21400198326": "San Jose State practice facility", "56d70d240d65d21400198327": "San Jose State practice facility", "56d70d240d65d21400198328": "Stanford", "56d70d240d65d21400198329": "San Jose State practice facility", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a0": "San Jose State practice facility", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a1": "San Jose State practice facility", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a2": "Stanford", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a3": "Stanford", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9315": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9316": "Jaime Weston", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9317": "Jaime Weston", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9318": "Vince Lombardi Trophy", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9319": "Vince Lombardi", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95bd": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95be": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c0": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c1": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50 as opposed to Super Bowl L", "56d70daa0d65d21400198332": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50", "56d70daa0d65d21400198333": "Jaime Weston", "56d70daa0d65d21400198334": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50 as opposed to Super Bowl L", "56d70daa0d65d21400198335": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50 as opposed to Super Bowl L", "56d70daa0d65d21400198336": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50 as opposed to Super Bowl L. The use of Roman numerals will be reinstated for Super Bowl LI", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6a8": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6ab": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50 as opposed to Super Bowl L. The use of Roman numerals will be reinstated for Super Bowl LI", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c931f": "gold", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9320": "week 7", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9321": "gold-tinted logos were implemented across the NFL's properties and painted on fields, the numbering of the 50-yard line", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c7": "gold", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c8": "Gold", "56d70e570d65d2140019833c": "gold-tinted logos were implemented across the NFL's properties and painted on fields, the numbering of the 50-yard line", "56d70e570d65d2140019833e": "Gold footballs", "56d70e570d65d2140019833f": "gold-trimmed logos", "56d9b01fdc89441400fdb6d4": "gold", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9325": "San Francisco", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9326": "San Francisco", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9327": "Ed Lee", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9328": "Jane Kim", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9329": "January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cb": "1 million", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cc": "Ed Lee", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cd": "San Francisco", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95ce": "1 million people are expected to attend the festivities in San Francisco during Super Bowl Week", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834c": "San Francisco", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834d": "Super Bowl City", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834f": "Ed Lee", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ec": "Super Bowl City", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ed": "1 million", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ee": "Ed Lee", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ef": "$5 million", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6f0": "NFL Experience", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c932f": "Santa Clara", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9330": "$2 million", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9331": "$2 million", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d3": "$2 million", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d4": "pep", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d5": "Santa Clara Convention Center", "56d714cd0d65d21400198356": "$2 million", "56d714cd0d65d21400198358": "professional fundraiser will aid in finding business sponsors and individual donors, but still may need the city council", "56d714cd0d65d21400198359": "the city council", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb700": "$2 million", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb701": "council", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9335": "SAP Center in San Jose", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9336": "Tuesday afternoon prior to the game, was moved to the Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9337": "SAP Center in San Jose", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9338": "San Jose", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9339": "Golden Gate Bridge", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95d9": "Tuesday afternoon prior to the game, was moved to the Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95da": "2016", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95db": "SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dc": "SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dd": "SAP Center", "56d71bd80d65d2140019835e": "SAP Center", "56d71bd80d65d21400198360": "Super Bowl Opening Night", "56d71bd80d65d21400198361": "2016", "56d71bd80d65d21400198362": "Golden Gate Bridge", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb708": "Night", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb709": "Night", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70a": "SAP Center", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70b": "Golden Gate Bridge", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70c": "SAP Center in San Jose", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c933f": "Connect", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9340": "$40 million", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9341": "$40 million", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9342": "$40 million", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9343": "$40 million", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e3": "Connect", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e4": "$40 million", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e5": "$40 million", "56d71cb60d65d21400198368": "Connect", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb720": "Connect", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb721": "$40 million", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c9349": "25 percent", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c934a": "the 50 fund", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95e9": "25 percent", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95ea": "youth development, community investment and sustainable environments", "56d71d150d65d2140019836e": "25 percent of all money it raises for philanthropic causes in the Bay Area. The committee created the 50 fund", "56d71d150d65d2140019836f": "25 percent", "56d71d150d65d21400198370": "the 50", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb72f": "25 percent", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb730": "the 50 fund", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934d": "Vince Lombardi", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934e": "18-karat gold-plated \"50\"", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934f": "Vince Lombardi", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9350": "Tiffany & Co", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9351": "Tiffany & Co", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ed": "Vince Lombardi", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ef": "18-karat", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95f1": "Tiffany & Co", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198374": "Vince Lombardi", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198377": "Tiffany & Co", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9357": "CBS", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9358": "Phil Simms", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9359": "Tracy Wolfson", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935a": "36", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935b": "5K", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f7": "CBS", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f8": "Evan Washburn", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f9": "CBS", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fa": "5K", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fb": "Tracy Wolfson", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837c": "CBS", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837d": "CBS", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb740": "CBS", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb741": "5K resolution", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb742": "CBS", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb743": "5K", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb744": "5K resolution", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9361": "CBS and the NFL", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9362": "John Sutcliffe", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9363": "John Sutcliffe", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9364": "2015", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9365": "CBS and the NFL", "56bf6d343aeaaa14008c961b": "CBS and the NFL", "56d71fc00d65d21400198386": "2015", "56d71fc00d65d21400198389": "John Sutcliffe", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb754": "CBS and the NFL", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb757": "John Sutcliffe", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb758": "John Sutcliffe", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9371": "NFL Mobile service", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9372": "NFL Mobile service. The ESPN Deportes Spanish broadcast was made available through WatchESPN", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9373": "CBSSports.com", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9374": "ESPN Deportes Spanish broadcast was made available through WatchESPN", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9375": "CBSSports.com", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c961f": "CBS provided digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9620": "CBS provided digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9621": "NFL Mobile service", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9622": "NFL Mobile service. The ESPN Deportes Spanish broadcast was made available through WatchESPN", "56d7205e0d65d21400198391": "NFL Mobile service", "56d7205e0d65d21400198392": "NFL Mobile service", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75e": "CBSSports.com", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75f": "NFL Mobile service", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb760": "WatchESPN", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937b": "late night talk shows as its lead-out programs for Super Bowl 50, beginning with a special episode of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937c": "James Corden", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9631": "Stephen Colbert following the game. Following a break for late local programming, CBS also aired a special episode of The Late Late Show with James Corden", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9632": "late night talk shows as its lead-out programs for Super Bowl 50, beginning with a special episode of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56d720c70d65d21400198396": "Stephen Colbert", "56d720c70d65d21400198397": "James Corden", "56d720c70d65d21400198398": "Stephen Colbert following the game. Following a break for late local programming, CBS also aired a special episode of The Late Late Show with James Corden", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c9389": "$5,000,000", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938a": "InBev", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938b": "Doritos", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938c": "20th", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9635": "CBS set the base rate for a 30-second advertisement at $5,000,000", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9637": "$5,000,000", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9638": "Doritos", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9639": "Pok\u00e9mon", "56d721af0d65d2140019839e": "Pok\u00e9mon Company", "56d721af0d65d2140019839f": "$5,000,000", "56d721af0d65d214001983a0": "Doritos", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb768": "$5,000,000", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb769": "CBS set the base rate for a 30-second advertisement at $5,000,000", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb76a": "CBS set the base rate for a 30-second advertisement at $5,000,000", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9397": "Small Business Big Game", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9398": "nine", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9399": "30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c939a": "nine", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c963f": "Small Business Big Game\" contest, in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c9640": "nine", "56d722330d65d214001983a6": "QuickBooks", "56d722330d65d214001983a7": "30-second commercial aired free of charge", "56d722330d65d214001983a8": "Small Business Big Game", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb770": "30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb771": "30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93a9": "Jason Bourne", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93aa": "Fox paid for Deadpool, X-Men: Apocalypse, Independence Day: Resurgence and Eddie the Eagle, Lionsgate paid for Gods of Egypt", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ab": "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ac": "Fox paid for Deadpool, X-Men: Apocalypse, Independence Day: Resurgence and Eddie the Eagle, Lionsgate paid for Gods of Egypt", "56d723560d65d214001983ac": "Gods of Egypt", "56d723560d65d214001983ad": "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows", "56d723560d65d214001983ae": "Jason Bourne", "56d723560d65d214001983af": "Captain America", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77b": "Deadpool, X-Men: Apocalypse, Independence Day: Resurgence and Eddie the Eagle, Lionsgate paid for Gods of Egypt", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77c": "Universal", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77d": "Deadpool", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b1": "Westwood One", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b2": "Kevin Harlan", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b3": "Jim Gray", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b4": "Westwood One", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b5": "Jim Gray", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9655": "Jim Gray", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9656": "Westwood One", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b4": "Westwood One", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b5": "Kevin Harlan", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b8": "Jim Gray", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78e": "Jim Gray", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78f": "Jim Gray", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb790": "Kevin Harlan", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb791": "Westwood One", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb792": "Jim Gray", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93cf": "Dave Logan", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d0": "Dave Logan", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d1": "Dave Logan", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d2": "Dave Logan", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d3": "Dave Logan", "56d724620d65d214001983be": "Dave Logan", "56d724620d65d214001983bf": "Ed McCaffrey", "56d724620d65d214001983c0": "Dave Logan", "56d724620d65d214001983c1": "Dave Logan", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a0": "Dave Logan", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a3": "Dave Logan", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e3": "BBC Radio 5 Live", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e4": "BBC Radio 5 Live", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e5": "Darren Fletcher", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c8": "BBC Radio 5 Live and 5 Live Sports Extra will carry the contest. The BBC", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c9": "Greg Brady", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93e9": "39 of the 43", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ea": "Peyton Manning", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93eb": "Peyton Manning", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ec": "2001", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ed": "Peyton Manning", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cc": "39", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cd": "Peyton Manning", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cf": "Harvey Martin, co-MVP of Super Bowl XII", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b4": "39", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b5": "39", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b6": "Bart Starr", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b7": "Peyton Manning", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b8": "Harvey Martin, co-MVP of Super Bowl XII", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fd": "Marlee Matlin", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fe": "Marlee Matlin", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93ff": "Lady Gaga performed the national anthem", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9400": "Academy Award winner Marlee Matlin provided American Sign Language (ASL", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9401": "Lady Gaga", "56d20650e7d4791d00902614": "Lady Gaga", "56d20650e7d4791d00902615": "Marlee Matlin", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d4": "Lady Gaga", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d5": "Lady Gaga performed the national anthem, while Academy Award winner Marlee Matlin", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c4": "Lady Gaga", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c5": "national anthem", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c6": "Lady Gaga performed the national anthem, while Academy Award winner Marlee Matlin", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940d": "British rock group Coldplay", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940e": "British rock", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940f": "Bruno Mars", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9410": "Hymn for the Weekend", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9411": "Mark Ronson", "56d725790d65d214001983d8": "Mars", "56d725790d65d214001983da": "Bruno Mars", "56d725790d65d214001983db": "Bruno Mars", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d0": "Beyonc\u00e9, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d1": "British rock group Coldplay. On January 7, 2016, Pepsi confirmed to the Associated Press", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d2": "Hymn for the Weekend", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d3": "Bruno Mars", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9417": "Shaq Thompson", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9418": "18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9419": "Ronnie Hillman", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941a": "Shaq Thompson", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941b": "Shaq Thompson", "56d728a10d65d21400198413": "Shaq Thompson", "56d728a10d65d21400198414": "Shaq Thompson", "56d728a10d65d21400198415": "Brandon McManus", "56d728a10d65d21400198416": "Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d8": "Shaq Thompson", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d9": "Owen Daniels", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7da": "C. J. Anderson moved the ball up 20", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7db": "Shaq Thompson", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7dc": "Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942b": "Mike Carey", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942c": "Cam Newton", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942d": "Von Miller", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942e": "Malik Jackson", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942f": "Mike Carey", "56d728e00d65d2140019841c": "Mike Carey", "56d728e00d65d2140019841d": "Mike Carey", "56d728e00d65d2140019841e": "linebacker Von Miller", "56d728e00d65d2140019841f": "Von Miller", "56d728e00d65d21400198420": "Mike Carey", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e7": "Mike Carey", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e8": "linebacker Von Miller", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e9": "Malik Jackson", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7ea": "Mike Carey", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9435": "Jonathan Stewart", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9436": "Jonathan Stewart finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run, cutting the score to 10\u20137", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9437": "Broncos receiver Jordan Norwood", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9438": "61", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9439": "33", "56d729180d65d21400198426": "51", "56d729180d65d21400198427": "10\u20137", "56d729180d65d21400198428": "11:28", "56d729180d65d21400198429": "none", "56d729180d65d2140019842a": "Jonathan Stewart", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f0": "Jonathan Stewart", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f4": "10\u20137", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9445": "safety Darian Stewart", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9446": "linebacker Danny Trevathan recovered on the Broncos 40-yard line. However, the Panthers soon took the ball back when defensive end Kony Ealy", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9447": "defensive end Kony Ealy", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9448": "Ware", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9449": "Ware", "56d729ec0d65d21400198430": "safety", "56d729ec0d65d21400198431": "defensive end Kony Ealy", "56d729ec0d65d21400198432": "defensive end Kony Ealy", "56d729ec0d65d21400198434": "safety Darian Stewart", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb804": "safety", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb805": "safety Darian Stewart", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb806": "defensive end Kony Ealy", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb807": "Stewart", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb808": "cus Ware", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9455": "Corey Brown", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9456": "Graham Gano", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9457": "Graham Gano", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9458": "Graham Gano", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9459": "Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt.", "56d7282f0d65d21400198408": "Corey Brown", "56d7282f0d65d21400198409": "Graham Gano hit the uprights", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840a": "safety T. J. Ward", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840c": "Trevathan", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80e": "Corey Brown", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80f": "26", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb810": "Graham Gano", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb811": "Graham Gano", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c945f": "Carolina on the 50-yard line", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9460": "39", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9461": "41-yard line", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9462": "41-yard line", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e0": "41", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e1": "Ealy", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e2": "Carolina on the 50-yard line", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e4": "punt", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb820": "Ealy", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb821": "Panthers", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb822": "39", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb823": "39-yard field goal, cutting the Panthers deficit to one score at 16\u201310. The next three drives of the game would end in punt", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946d": "Ward", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946e": "Ward", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946f": "Ward", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9470": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several players dove for it, it took a long bounce backwards and was recovered by Ward", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9471": "Ward", "56d726b60d65d214001983ea": "Miller", "56d726b60d65d214001983eb": "Ward", "56d726b60d65d214001983ec": "Ward", "56d726b60d65d214001983ed": "Josh Norman", "56d726b60d65d214001983ee": "Ward", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb832": "Ward", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb833": "Miller", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb834": "Ward", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb835": "Miller", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb836": "Ward", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9481": "six", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9482": "Ware", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9483": "Ware", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9484": "90", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9485": "Miller had six total tackles (five solo), 2\u00bd sacks, and two forced fumbles. Ware", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f4": "Ware", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f5": "Ware", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f6": "Anderson", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f7": "Sanders", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f8": "NFC", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb842": "Sanders", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb843": "Anderson", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb844": "Ward", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb845": "Ware", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb846": "six total tackles (five solo), 2\u00bd sacks, and two forced fumbles. Ware", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948b": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948c": "194", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948d": "Baltimore Ravens", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948e": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948f": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56d7277c0d65d214001983fe": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56d7277c0d65d214001983ff": "194", "56d7277c0d65d21400198401": "seven", "56d7277c0d65d21400198402": "244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84c": "194", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84d": "194", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84e": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84f": "seven", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb850": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "5733a5f54776f41900660f45": "Nobel Prize", "5733a5f54776f41900660f48": "1745", "5733a5f54776f41900660f44": "Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie, who achieved international recognition for her research on radioactivity", "5733a5f54776f41900660f46": "Warsaw", "5733a5f54776f41900660f47": "seven", "57336755d058e614000b5a3d": "100", "57336755d058e614000b5a3f": "the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier", "57336755d058e614000b5a3c": "Tomb of the Unknown Soldier", "57336755d058e614000b5a3e": "the Tomb", "57336755d058e614000b5a40": "\u0141azienki Park", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbb": "13", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbc": "Warsaw", "57337ddc4776f41900660bba": "13", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbd": "13", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbe": "plants and sediments", "57337ea24776f41900660bd0": "it", "57337ea24776f41900660bd3": "1,178,914 inhabitants 833,500", "57337ea24776f41900660bd2": "Russian", "57337ea24776f41900660bd1": "Jewish", "57337ea24776f41900660bd4": "internal migration and urbanisation", "57339555d058e614000b5df4": "Warsaw", "57339555d058e614000b5df5": "2,000", "57339555d058e614000b5df6": "Warsaw", "57339555d058e614000b5df3": "1816", "57339555d058e614000b5df7": "The University of Warsaw", "57339902d058e614000b5e70": "1816", "57339902d058e614000b5e71": "over two million", "57339902d058e614000b5e72": "Marek Budzy\u0144ski", "57339902d058e614000b5e73": "1816", "57339902d058e614000b5e74": "public", "573399b54776f41900660e64": "infrastructure", "573399b54776f41900660e65": "Three-Year Plan to rebuild Poland (especially Warsaw", "573399b54776f41900660e66": "growth", "573399b54776f41900660e67": "health", "57339a554776f41900660e74": "Warsaw", "57339a554776f41900660e75": "the Children's Memorial Health Institute", "57339a554776f41900660e76": "the Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Institute of Oncology", "57339a554776f41900660e77": "700", "57339a554776f41900660e78": "Warsaw", "57339ad74776f41900660e86": "numerous musical venues, including the Teatr Wielki, the Polish National Opera", "57339ad74776f41900660e87": "festivals", "57339ad74776f41900660e88": "Warsaw", "57339ad74776f41900660e89": "Warsaw hosts many events and festivals. Among the events worth particular attention are: the International Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin Piano Competition", "57339ad74776f41900660e8a": "Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin Piano Competition, the International Contemporary Music Festival Warsaw Autumn, the Jazz Jamboree", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec5": "Ogr\u00f3d Saski", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec6": "1870 to 1939", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec7": "1870 to 1939", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec8": "Momus", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec9": "The Wojciech Bogus\u0142awski Theatre", "57339dd94776f41900660ecc": "Wianki", "57339dd94776f41900660ecd": "thousands", "57339dd94776f41900660ece": "Wreaths", "57339dd94776f41900660ecf": "water", "57339dd94776f41900660ed0": "Wianki", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef6": "Museum of Hunting and Riding and the Railway Museum", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef7": "National Museum", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef8": "Polish Army", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef9": "Polish Army", "57339eb9d058e614000b5efa": "set portrays the history of arms", "5733a1854776f41900660f0a": "the Warsaw Uprising", "5733a1854776f41900660f0b": "Warsaw Uprising Museum and in the Katy\u0144 Museum", "5733a1854776f41900660f0c": "stereoscopic theatre, the Warsaw Fotoplastikon", "5733a1854776f41900660f0d": "The", "5733a1854776f41900660f0e": "60", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f28": "Royal Ujazd\u00f3w Castle", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f29": "about 500", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2a": "National Gallery of Art", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2b": "Polish and international artists", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2c": "2011", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f32": "Warsaw", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f33": "Ekstraklasa", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f34": "Warsaw", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f35": "Konwiktorska Street", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f36": "Warsaw", "5733a45d4776f41900660f23": "syrenka", "5733a45d4776f41900660f24": "The mermaid (syrenka", "5733a45d4776f41900660f25": "14th century", "5733a45d4776f41900660f26": "1390", "5733a45d4776f41900660f27": "syrenka", "5733a560d058e614000b5f77": "Warszowa", "5733a560d058e614000b5f78": "depths of the oceans and seas", "5733a560d058e614000b5f79": "Denmark", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7a": "Warszowa", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7b": "he followed the fishermen and captured", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f58": "Warsaw", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f59": "Tadeusz \u0141empicki", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5a": "Art Deco style", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5b": "Warsaw", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5c": "Tamara de Lempicka", "573312fcd058e614000b56e6": "Economist Intelligence Unit", "573312fcd058e614000b56e7": "Economist Intelligence Unit ranked Warsaw as the 32nd", "573312fcd058e614000b56e8": "Warsaw", "573312fcd058e614000b56e9": "Warsaw Stock Exchange", "573312fcd058e614000b56ea": "Frontex", "5733140a4776f419006606e0": "1313", "5733140a4776f419006606e1": "Krak\u00f3w", "5733140a4776f419006606e2": "Krak\u00f3w", "5733140a4776f419006606e3": "Sigismund III Vasa", "5733140a4776f419006606e4": "Krak\u00f3w and Vilnius", "573314e3d058e614000b56f0": "The city is the seat of a Roman Catholic archdiocese (left bank of the Vistula", "573314e3d058e614000b56f1": "the Polish Academy of Sciences", "573314e3d058e614000b56f2": "historic city-centre of Warsaw with its picturesque Old Town in 1980 was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site", "573314e3d058e614000b56f3": "the Castle Square with the Royal Castle and the iconic King Sigismund", "573314e3d058e614000b56f4": "parks and royal gardens", "57332442d058e614000b5720": "Warszawa", "57332442d058e614000b5721": "Warsaw", "57332442d058e614000b5722": "Sawa", "57332442d058e614000b5723": "Sawa", "57332442d058e614000b5724": "Warszawa", "57332562d058e614000b5730": "The Prince of P\u0142ock, Boles\u0142aw II of Masovia, established this settlement, the modern-day Warsaw", "57332562d058e614000b5731": "The Prince of P\u0142ock, Boles\u0142aw II", "57332562d058e614000b5732": "Warszowa", "57332562d058e614000b5733": "it", "57332562d058e614000b5734": "1526", "5733266d4776f41900660712": "General Sejm", "5733266d4776f41900660713": "1529", "5733266d4776f41900660714": "religious freedom in the Polish\u2013Lithuanian Commonwealth", "5733266d4776f41900660715": "Krak\u00f3w and Vilnius", "5733266d4776f41900660716": "Krak\u00f3w", "57332a734776f41900660726": "1796", "57332a734776f41900660727": "Prussia", "57332a734776f41900660728": "Napoleon", "57332a734776f41900660729": "1796", "57332a734776f4190066072a": "1816", "57332b66d058e614000b5758": "Germany from 4 August 1915", "57332b66d058e614000b5759": "Warsaw", "57332b66d058e614000b575a": "Pi\u0142sudski", "57332b66d058e614000b575b": "1920", "57332b66d058e614000b575c": "Germany", "57332c1e4776f4190066073a": "the General Government, a German Nazi colonial administration.", "57332c1e4776f4190066073b": "the General Government", "57332c1e4776f4190066073c": "hundred thousand, some 30% of the city \u2013 herded into the Warsaw Ghetto", "57332c1e4776f4190066073d": "\"Final Solution", "57332c1e4776f4190066073e": "month", "57332e48d058e614000b5762": "July 1944, the Red Army was deep into Polish territory and pursuing the Germans toward Warsaw", "57332e48d058e614000b5763": "AK)", "57332e48d058e614000b5764": "1 August 1944", "57332e48d058e614000b5765": "1 August 1944, as the Red Army was nearing the city, the Warsaw Uprising", "57332e48d058e614000b5766": "150,000 and 200,000", "57332f81d058e614000b5776": "\"Bricks for Warsaw", "57332f81d058e614000b5777": "prefabricated housing projects were erected in Warsaw to address the housing shortage", "57332f81d058e614000b5778": "the Palace of Culture and Science, a gift from the Soviet Union", "57332f81d058e614000b5779": "the Palace of Culture and Science", "57332f81d058e614000b577a": "UNESCO", "573330444776f41900660758": "1979, less than a year after becoming pope, John Paul celebrated Mass in Victory Square in Warsaw", "573330444776f41900660759": "solidarity movement", "573330444776f4190066075a": "1979 and 1983", "573330444776f4190066075b": "Victory Square", "573330444776f4190066075c": "1979 and 1983", "5733314e4776f4190066076a": "Baltic Sea", "5733314e4776f4190066076b": "Baltic Sea, 523 km (325 mi) east of Berlin, Germany", "5733314e4776f4190066076c": "Vistula River", "5733314e4776f4190066076d": "75.6 metres (248.0 ft) (at the right bank of the Vistula", "5733314e4776f4190066076e": "Masovian Plain", "57335c20d058e614000b58f9": "The Vistula River", "57335c20d058e614000b58fa": "the plain moraine plateau and the Vistula Valley", "57335c20d058e614000b58fc": "Warsaw Escarpment", "57335c20d058e614000b58fb": "The Vistula River", "57335c20d058e614000b58fd": "Warsaw Escarpment", "57335ddbd058e614000b592f": "flood plain terrace", "57335ddbd058e614000b5930": "The left side consist mainly of two levels: the highest one contains former flooded terraces and the lowest one the flood plain terrace", "57335ddbd058e614000b5931": "flood plain terrace", "57335ddbd058e614000b5932": "peat swamps or small ponds cover the highest terrace.", "57335ddbd058e614000b5933": "pine forest", "57335fcad058e614000b5970": "turbulent", "57335fcad058e614000b5971": "Second World War", "57335fcad058e614000b5972": "liberation, rebuilding began as in other cities of the communist-ruled PRL. Most of the historical buildings were thoroughly reconstructed.", "57335fcad058e614000b5973": "Palace", "57335fcad058e614000b5974": "Warsaw", "573361404776f4190066093c": "Gothic architecture", "573361404776f4190066093d": "14th", "573361404776f4190066093e": "14th century), the temple is a typical example of the so-called Masovian gothic style, St. Mary", "573361404776f4190066093f": "the temple is a typical example of the so-called Masovian gothic style, St. Mary'", "573361404776f41900660940": "the Royal Castle", "573362b94776f41900660974": "numerous", "573362b94776f41900660975": "Krasi\u0144ski Palace", "573362b94776f41900660976": "the Four Winds", "573362b94776f41900660977": "Warsaw", "573362b94776f41900660978": "the Palace on the Water", "5733638fd058e614000b59e8": "Warsaw University of Technology", "5733638fd058e614000b59e9": "Warsaw University of Technology", "5733638fd058e614000b59ea": "socialist realism", "5733638fd058e614000b59eb": "Warsaw University of Technology", "5733638fd058e614000b59ec": "Warsaw", "5733647e4776f419006609ae": "Warsaw Citadel", "5733647e4776f419006609af": "Pawiak", "5733647e4776f419006609b0": "Warsaw Citadel", "5733647e4776f419006609b1": "the children who served as messengers and frontline troops in the Warsaw Uprising, while the impressive Warsaw Uprising Monument by Wincenty Ku\u0107ma", "5733647e4776f419006609b2": "Warsaw Uprising Monument by Wincenty Ku\u0107ma", "573368044776f41900660a29": "Jan Dobrowolski", "573368044776f41900660a2a": "Orangery", "573368044776f41900660a2b": "Pole Mokotowskie", "573368044776f41900660a2c": "Sejm", "573368044776f41900660a2d": "the Praga Park", "573368e54776f41900660a53": "Bielany Forest", "573368e54776f41900660a54": "Warsaw", "573368e54776f41900660a55": "Warsaw", "573368e54776f41900660a56": "Bielany Forest", "573368e54776f41900660a57": "\u0141azienki park", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcb": "c. 1,300,000", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcc": "1939, c. 1,300,000 people lived in Warsaw, but in 1945 \u2013 only 420,000", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcd": "1951", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bce": "Warsaw", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcf": "c. 6%", "57338007d058e614000b5bda": "1901", "57338007d058e614000b5bdb": "the 1901 census", "57338007d058e614000b5bdc": "the 1901 census", "57338007d058e614000b5bdd": "the 1901 census", "57338007d058e614000b5bde": "hundreds", "573380e0d058e614000b5be9": "commune", "573380e0d058e614000b5bea": "commune", "573380e0d058e614000b5beb": "Krak\u00f3w", "57338160d058e614000b5bf9": "a unicameral Warsaw City Council", "57338160d058e614000b5bfa": "60", "57338160d058e614000b5bfb": "Warsaw", "57338160d058e614000b5bfc": "committees", "57338160d058e614000b5bfd": "30", "57338255d058e614000b5c0d": "President", "57338255d058e614000b5c0e": "Jan Andrzej Menich", "57338255d058e614000b5c0f": "Jan", "57338255d058e614000b5c10": "the City council", "57338255d058e614000b5c11": "the", "573382d24776f41900660c37": "MasterCard Emerging Market Index", "573382d24776f41900660c38": "304,016", "573382d24776f41900660c39": "MasterCard Emerging Market Index has noted Warsaw's economic strength and commercial center. Moreover, Warsaw", "573382d24776f41900660c3a": "12%", "573382d24776f41900660c3b": "191", "5733834ed058e614000b5c26": "1817", "5733834ed058e614000b5c27": "1817", "5733834ed058e614000b5c28": "1817", "5733834ed058e614000b5c29": "374", "5733834ed058e614000b5c2a": "1991", "573383d0d058e614000b5c35": "1951", "573383d0d058e614000b5c36": "Fiat", "573383d0d058e614000b5c37": "Daewoo", "573383d0d058e614000b5c38": "The FSO Car Factory was established in 1951", "573383d0d058e614000b5c39": "February", "573166ede6313a140071cef2": "Warszawa", "573166ede6313a140071cef3": "Warsaw", "573166ede6313a140071cef4": "Warszawa", "573166ede6313a140071cef5": "Warsaw", "573166ede6313a140071cef6": "Warszawa", "5732b6b5328d981900602021": "Warsaw", "5732b6b5328d981900602022": "the Vistula River", "5732b6b5328d981900602023": "260 kilometres (160 mi) from the Baltic Sea", "5732b6b5328d981900602024": "1.740 million", "5732b6b5328d981900602025": "9th", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9628": "Normans", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9629": "The Normans", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962a": "Normans", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962b": "Rollo", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962c": "10th", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad5f": "martial spirit", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad60": "Gallo-Romance", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad61": "Gallo-Romance", "56dde0379a695914005b9636": "Nortmannus, Normannus, or Nordmannus (recorded in Medieval Latin, 9th century) to mean \"Norseman, Viking", "56dde0379a695914005b9637": "9th century)", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad75": "911", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad76": "911", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad77": "Saint-Clair-sur-Epte", "56dde1d966d3e219004dad8d": "880s", "56dde27d9a695914005b9651": "The descendants of Rollo's Vikings and their Frankish wives would replace the Norse religion and Old Norse language with Catholicism (Christianity)", "56dde27d9a695914005b9652": "north", "56dde2fa66d3e219004dad9b": "Normandy had been exporting fighting horsemen", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9660": "Southern Italy", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9661": "Archangel Michael", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9662": "Monte Gargano", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b595": "Drogo", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b596": "William Iron Arm, with the title of count", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59a": "Roger II of Sicily", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59b": "Roger II of Sicily", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59c": "lace", "56de0ed14396321400ee2579": "\"Tabula Rogeriana\", was written by the Andalusian al-Idrisi for king Roger II of Sicily", "56de0ed14396321400ee257a": "The Book", "56de0ed14396321400ee257b": "Jews", "56de0f6a4396321400ee257f": "Byzantine Empire and then Armenia, fighting against the Pechenegs", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258d": "Alexius Komnenos", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258e": "1060s", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258f": "Asia Minor", "56de10b44396321400ee2593": "Afranji, meaning \"Franks", "56de10b44396321400ee2594": "northern Syria", "56de10b44396321400ee2595": "Oursel", "56de11154396321400ee25aa": "Raoul", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bc": "Robert Guiscard", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bd": "Robert Guiscard", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5be": "Robert Guiscard", "56de15104396321400ee25b7": "110", "56de15104396321400ee25b8": "Bohemond", "56de15104396321400ee25b9": "Mili at the banks of the river Deabolis, Gllavenica", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c2": "1185, when a large Norman army", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c3": "Adriatic", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c4": "1185, when a large Norman", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c8": "sister of Duke Richard II of Normandy", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c9": "Richard II of Normandy", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5ca": "Normandy", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5cb": "The Normans", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d0": "Harthacnut", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d1": "the Confessor", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d2": "Robert of Jumi\u00e8ges", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c5": "Hastings", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c6": "Hastings", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c7": "1066", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c8": "the Anglo-Saxons", "56de1728cffd8e1900b4b5d7": "Middle English. It in turn evolved into Modern English", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5da": "1169", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5db": "Bannow Bay", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5dc": "the Pale", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e0": "Scotland", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e1": "Scotland", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e2": "1072", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e3": "Duncan", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6be": "Sybilla of Normandy", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6bf": "Normans", "56de3d594396321400ee26ca": "Edward the Confessor had set up the aforementioned Ralph as earl of Hereford", "56de3d594396321400ee26cb": "Edward the Confessor had set up the aforementioned Ralph as earl of Hereford", "56de3d594396321400ee26cc": "Edward the Confessor had set up the aforementioned Ralph as earl of Hereford", "56de3dbacffd8e1900b4b6d2": "baron", "56de3e414396321400ee26d8": "1018", "56de3e414396321400ee26d9": "William of Montreuil", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e6": "in 1097", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e7": "Tancred with an army of Italo-Normans. Bohemond was the de facto leader of the Crusade during its passage through Asia Minor", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e8": "Jerusalem", "56de3efccffd8e1900b4b6fe": "The conquest of Cyprus", "56de3f784396321400ee26fa": "the Lion-hearted left Messina with a large fleet", "56de3f784396321400ee26fb": "Acre. But a storm dispersed the fleet. After some searching, it was discovered that the boat carrying his sister and his fianc\u00e9e Berengaria", "56de3f784396321400ee26fc": "Acre", "56de3f784396321400ee26fd": "Richard's fleet arrived in the port of Limassol", "56de40da4396321400ee2708": "Conrad of Montferrat", "56de40da4396321400ee2709": "Guy de Lusignan", "56de40da4396321400ee270a": "Guy de Lusignan", "56de41504396321400ee2714": "Richard the Lion-Heart married Berengaria of Navarre", "56de41504396321400ee2715": "Richard the Lion-Heart married Berengaria of Navarre", "56de41504396321400ee2716": "Cyprus", "56de48f34396321400ee2770": "1489", "56de48f34396321400ee2771": "Knights Templar", "56de49564396321400ee277a": "Lanzarote", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a7": "Jean's nephew Maciot de Bethencourt sold the rights to the islands to Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a8": "1418, Jean's nephew Maciot de Bethencourt sold the rights to the islands to Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a9": "1418, Jean's nephew Maciot de Bethencourt sold the rights to the islands to Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", "56de4a474396321400ee2786": "Grand coutumier de Normandie", "56de4a474396321400ee2787": "two customaries in Latin by two judges for use by them and their colleagues: These are the Tr\u00e8s ancien coutumier", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7bd": "England and Italy", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7be": "rounded", "56de4b074396321400ee2793": "Arab", "56de4b074396321400ee2794": "Arab", "56de4b074396321400ee2795": "Sicily", "56de4b5c4396321400ee2799": "11th", "56de4b5c4396321400ee279a": "The church was utilised by the dukes", "56de4bb84396321400ee27a2": "16th", "56de4c324396321400ee27ab": "Odo, the Bishop of Bayeux and first Earl of Kent", "56de4c324396321400ee27ac": "Bayeux Tapestry", "56de4c324396321400ee27ad": "Bayeux", "56de51244396321400ee27ef": "Palermo", "56de51c64396321400ee27f7": "the staff", "56de51c64396321400ee27f8": "the staff", "56de52614396321400ee27fb": "southern Italy", "56de52614396321400ee27fc": "Sant'Eufemia", "56de52614396321400ee27fd": "Robert Guiscard", "56de52614396321400ee27fe": "Sant'Eufemia. There they continued the tradition of singing", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f6": "Serbian Cyrillic: \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0422\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0430; 10 July 1856 \u2013 7 January 1943", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f8": "Serbian", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f9": "alternating current", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b7": "alternating current", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b8": "alternating current", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b9": "alternating current", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6bb": "alternating current", "56df9ee138dc421700152108": "1884", "56df9ee138dc421700152109": "Thomas Edison", "56df9ee138dc42170015210a": "George Westinghouse", "56df9ee138dc42170015210b": "1884", "56df9ee138dc42170015210c": "alternating current/direct current \"War of Currents", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c1": "1884", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c2": "1884", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c3": "1884", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c4": "George Westinghouse", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c5": "AC induction motor and transformer", "56dfa01738dc42170015211d": "Wardenclyffe", "56dfa01738dc42170015211e": "high", "56dfa01738dc42170015211f": "he", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35b": "high-voltage, high-frequency power experiments in New York and Colorado Springs", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35c": "Wardenclyffe", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35d": "Wardenclyffe", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35e": "Wardenclyffe Tower", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb7": "7 January 1943", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb8": "SI", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb9": "New York hotels", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebba": "achievements and showmanship", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cb": "1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cc": "7 January 1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cd": "SI unit", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6ce": "achievements and showmanship", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cf": "showmanship", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc1": "Croatia", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc2": "Serbian Orthodox priest", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc3": "Serbian Orthodox priest", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc4": "eidetic memory", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36b": "Serbian Orthodox priest", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36c": "Serbian Orthodox priest", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36d": "Serbian Orthodox priest. Tesla's mother, \u0110uka Tesla (n\u00e9e Mandi\u0107", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36e": "Serbian Orthodox priest. Tesla's mother, \u0110uka Tesla (n\u00e9e Mandi\u0107", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36f": "Serbian Orthodox priest", "56dfa1d34a1a83140091ebd4": "five", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd6": "five", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd7": "1862", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac375": "Dane", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac376": "Dane", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac377": "five", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac378": "Gospi\u0107", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac379": "Austrian Empire, where Tesla's father worked as a pastor", "56dfa24a38dc421700152142": "Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56dfa24a38dc421700152143": "German", "56dfa24a38dc421700152144": "integral calculus", "56dfa24a38dc421700152145": "Karlovac, to attend school at the Higher Real Gymnasium, where he was profoundly influenced by a math teacher Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56dfa24a38dc421700152146": "1870", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d5": "1870", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d6": "1870", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d7": "1870", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d8": "German", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d9": "1873", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf2": "Smiljan", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf3": "nine months", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf4": "1873", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf5": "priesthood", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf6": "Smiljan", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6df": "1873", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e0": "Smiljan", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e1": "1873, Tesla returned to his birthtown, Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera; he was bedridden for nine months", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e2": "1873, Tesla returned to his birthtown, Smiljan", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e3": "1873, Tesla returned to his birthtown, Smiljan", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfc": "1874", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfd": "Mark Twain", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfe": "1874, Tesla evaded being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army in Smiljan by running away to Tomingaj, near Gra\u010dac", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebff": "1874", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ec00": "1874, Tesla evaded being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army in Smiljan by running away to Tomingaj, near Gra\u010dac", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac389": "1874", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38a": "1874, Tesla evaded being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army in Smiljan by running away to Tomingaj, near Gra\u010dac", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38b": "1874, Tesla evaded being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army in Smiljan by running away to Tomingaj, near Gra\u010dac", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38c": "1874", "56dfa3c338dc421700152154": "1875", "56dfa3c338dc421700152155": "In 1875, Tesla enrolled at Austrian Polytechnic in Graz, Austria", "56dfa3c338dc421700152156": "1879", "56dfa3c338dc421700152157": "1875", "56dfa3c338dc421700152158": "1875", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ab": "Graz", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ac": "Graz", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ad": "1879", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ae": "gambling", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3af": "1875", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfa9": "Graz", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfaa": "Graz", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfab": "Slovenia", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfac": "Graz", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfad": "Graz", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e717": "Slovenia", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e718": "Graz", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e719": "Graz", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71a": "Slovenia", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71b": "March", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbd": "1879", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbe": "1879", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbf": "60", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc0": "60", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc1": "Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3bf": "1879", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c0": "1879", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c1": "Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c2": "60", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5b": "Prague", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5c": "Charles-Ferdinand", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5e": "lectures", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5f": "January 1880, two of Tesla's uncles put together enough money to help him leave Gospi\u0107 for Prague", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c7": "Prague", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c8": "Charles-Ferdinand University; he never studied Greek, a required subject; and he was illiterate in Czech", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c9": "1880", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3ca": "two of Tesla's uncles put together enough money to help him leave Gospi\u0107", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc7": "Budapest", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc8": "Budapest to work under Ferenc Pusk\u00e1s at a telegraph company, the Budapest Telephone Exchange", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc9": "Budapest Telephone Exchange became functional and Tesla was allocated the chief electrician", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfca": "Budapest", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfcb": "Budapest Telephone Exchange became functional and Tesla was allocated the chief electrician", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fc": "1881", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fd": "Budapest Telephone Exchange", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fe": "Budapest to work under Ferenc Pusk\u00e1s at a telegraph company, the Budapest Telephone Exchange", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3ff": "Budapest Telephone Exchange became functional and Tesla was allocated the chief electrician", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc83": "1882", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc84": "1882", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc85": "New York City:57\u201360 where he was hired by Thomas Edison", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc86": "Thomas Edison", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc87": "1882", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e769": "Thomas Edison", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76a": "1882", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76b": "1882, Tesla began working for the Continental Edison Company in France, designing and making improvements to electrical equipment. In June 1884", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76c": "Thomas Edison", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76d": "Thomas Edison to work at his Edison Machine Works on Manhattan's lower east side", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00d": "1885", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00e": "months", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e010": "1885", "56e0d6367aa994140058e773": "1885", "56e0d6367aa994140058e774": "1885", "56e0d6367aa994140058e775": "US$10 a week", "56dfb5777aa994140058e021": "Robert Lane", "56dfb5777aa994140058e022": "1886", "56dfb5777aa994140058e023": "1886", "56dfb5777aa994140058e024": "1886", "56dfb5777aa994140058e025": "1886", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac420": "Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac421": "1886", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac422": "Robert Lane", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac423": "1886", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac424": "arc light based illumination systems designed by Tesla and also had designs for dynamo electric machine commutators", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb5": "penniless", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb6": "penniless", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb8": "ditch digger", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb9": "1886/1887", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42b": "control", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42c": "$2", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42d": "$2 per day. Tesla considered the winter of 1886/1887", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc0": "1886", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc1": "1887", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc2": "Tesla", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc3": "89 Liberty Street", "56e0d810231d4119001ac432": "1886", "56e0d810231d4119001ac433": "1886", "56e0d810231d4119001ac434": "late 1886 Tesla met Alfred S. Brown", "56e0d810231d4119001ac435": "89 Liberty Street", "56e0d810231d4119001ac436": "1886", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e053": "alternating current", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e054": "May 1888", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e055": "commutator", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e056": "sparking", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e057": "alternating current", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43c": "alternating current", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43d": "alternating current", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43e": "a commutator, thus avoiding sparking", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43f": "May 1888", "56e057e1231d4119001ac043": "1888", "56e057e1231d4119001ac044": "alternating current system, including his induction motor, at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers", "56e057e1231d4119001ac045": "induction motor", "56e057e1231d4119001ac046": "1888", "56e057e1231d4119001ac047": "alternating current", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e779": "1888", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77a": "alternating current", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77b": "Engineers working for the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77c": "1888", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77d": "Engineers working for the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company", "56e05900231d4119001ac04d": "$60,000", "56e05900231d4119001ac04e": "$2,000", "56e05900231d4119001ac04f": "$2,000", "56e05900231d4119001ac051": "1888", "56e0dc667aa994140058e783": "$60,000", "56e0dc667aa994140058e784": "1888", "56e0dc667aa994140058e785": "$2,000", "56e0dc667aa994140058e786": "$2,000", "56e059c8231d4119001ac057": "Pittsburgh", "56e059c8231d4119001ac058": "60-cycle", "56e059c8231d4119001ac059": "60", "56e059c8231d4119001ac05a": "DC traction motor", "56e0e518231d4119001ac444": "alternating current", "56e0e518231d4119001ac445": "DC traction motor", "56e05a78231d4119001ac062": "\"War of Currents,\" an electrical distribution battle being waged between Thomas Edison", "56e05a78231d4119001ac063": "Currents", "56e05a78231d4119001ac064": "Currents", "56e05a78231d4119001ac065": "Currents", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78b": "1886", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78c": "Currents", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78d": "Currents", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78e": "Currents", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78f": "Currents", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cd": "Chicago with alternating current", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1ce": "Chicago", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cf": "alternating current", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d0": "alternating current", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d1": "high-voltage, high-frequency alternating current", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d5": "alternating current", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d6": "alternating current", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d7": "Chicago", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d8": "1893", "56e0812c231d4119001ac213": "Richard", "56e0812c231d4119001ac214": "Richard", "56e0812c231d4119001ac215": "1893", "56e0812c231d4119001ac216": "General Electric", "56e0812c231d4119001ac217": "Richard Dean Adams, who headed up the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac459": "Richard Dean Adams", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45a": "1893", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45b": "1893", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45c": "1893", "56e089ab231d4119001ac285": "1896", "56e089ab231d4119001ac287": "General Electric, backed by financier J. P. Morgan", "56e089ab231d4119001ac288": "$216,000", "56e089ab231d4119001ac289": "200,000", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac462": "J. P. Morgan", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac463": "000", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac464": "General Electric, backed by financier J. P. Morgan", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5da": "35", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5db": "South Fifth Avenue", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dc": "potential of wireless power transmission. In the same year, he patented the Tesla coil", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dd": "Tesla coil", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac468": "35", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac469": "the Tesla coil", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46a": "35", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46b": "35", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac299": "1892 to 1894", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29a": "1892 to 1894", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29d": "1892 to 1894", "56e0f019231d4119001ac470": "1892 to 1894", "56e0f019231d4119001ac471": "1892 to 1894", "56e0f019231d4119001ac472": "Tesla served as a vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, the forerunner (along with the Institute of Radio Engineers", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a4": "1894", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a5": "$50,000", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a6": "1894", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a7": "1894", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c8": "1894", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c9": "1894", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4ca": "1894", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cb": "1894", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cc": "1894", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ad": "Coil", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ae": "Coil", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2af": "bremsstrahlung", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b0": "X-rays", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b1": "the Tesla Coil", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d4": "Tesla Coil", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d5": "single terminal vacuum tube of his own design that had no target electrode and that worked from the output of the Tesla Coil", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d6": "Tesla Coil", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b7": "longitudinal waves", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b8": "Roentgen rays", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b9": "Roentgen rays, but by the ozone generated in contact with the skin", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2ba": "devices", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2bb": "longitudinal waves, such as those produced in waves in plasmas. These plasma waves can occur in force-free magnetic fields", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ee": "Roentgen", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ef": "longitudinal waves", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f0": "plasma", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f1": "He believed early on that damage to the skin", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e795": "Benjamin Lamme", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e796": "1893 Westinghouse engineer Benjamin Lamme had made great progress developing an efficient version of Tesla's induction motor", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e797": "Tesla Polyphase System", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7dd": "the Egg", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7e0": "Tesla also explained the principles of the rotating magnetic field in an induction motor by demonstrating how to make a copper egg stand on end using a device", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e859": "11 July 1934", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85a": "the New York Herald Tribune", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85b": "11 July 1934", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85c": "bits of metal projected by his \"electric gun", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac525": "National Electric Light Association. Tesla's demonstrations and principles were written about widely through various media outlets. Many devices such as the Tesla Coil", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac526": "the Tesla Coil", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac527": "National Electric Light Association. Tesla's demonstrations and principles were written about widely through various media outlets. Many devices such as the Tesla Coil", "56e0fb887aa994140058e869": "1898", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86a": "1898", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86b": "1898", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86c": "1898", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86d": "1898", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e877": "1900", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e878": "Guglielmo Marconi made his famous first-ever transatlantic radio transmission in 1901", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e879": "Guglielmo Marconi made his famous first-ever transatlantic radio transmission in 1901", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87a": "1943", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87b": "1943", "56e0fd167aa994140058e881": "1899", "56e0fd167aa994140058e882": "Colorado Springs", "56e0fd167aa994140058e883": "1899", "56e0fd167aa994140058e884": "five inches", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ea": "atmospheric electricity, observing lightning signals", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673eb": "stationary waves", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ec": "great distances and the nature of what Tesla was detecting from lightning storms confirmed his belief that the earth had a resonant frequency", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6a": "lightning", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6b": "lightning", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6c": "15 miles away in Cripple Creek, Colorado", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6d": "100", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6e": "He produced artificial lightning, with discharges consisting of millions of volts", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fb": "a power station generator", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fc": "burned out", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fd": "high frequency currents", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fe": "heavy sparks to jump through the windings", "56e10043e3433e1400422a84": "Julian Hawthorne at the Philadelphia North American on 8 December 1899 and in a December 1900 letter about possible discoveries in the new century to the Red Cross Society", "56e10043e3433e1400422a85": "Julian Hawthorne", "56e10043e3433e1400422a86": "Julian Hawthorne", "56e10043e3433e1400422a87": "Julian Hawthorne", "56e10043e3433e1400422a88": "letter S (dot/dot/dot", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67403": "$100,000", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67404": "John Jacob Astor IV invested $100,000", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67405": "John Jacob Astor IV invested $100,000", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67406": "John Jacob Astor IV", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740b": "7 January 1900", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740c": "1904", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740d": "1904", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740e": "1904", "56e10179cd28a01900c67413": "Wardenclyffe", "56e10179cd28a01900c67414": "Shoreham", "56e10179cd28a01900c67415": "Shoreham", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8e": "Morgan", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8f": "Morgan still owed Tesla money on the original agreement", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a91": "Tesla", "56e10296cd28a01900c67423": "Wardenclyffe", "56e10296cd28a01900c67424": "Wardenclyffe", "56e10296cd28a01900c67425": "July", "56e10296cd28a01900c67426": "Wardenclyffe", "56e10325cd28a01900c67435": "16,000 rpm", "56e10325cd28a01900c67436": "16,000 rpm", "56e10325cd28a01900c67437": "16,000 rpm bladeless turbine", "56e10325cd28a01900c67438": "16,000 rpm bladeless turbine. During 1910\u20131911 at the Waterside Power Station in New York", "56e10412e3433e1400422aba": "steam-powered mechanical oscillator\u2014Tesla's oscillator. While experimenting with mechanical oscillators at his Houston Street lab", "56e10412e3433e1400422abb": "Houston Street lab", "56e10412e3433e1400422abc": "Houston Street", "56e10412e3433e1400422abd": "February 1912, an article\u2014\"Nikola Tesla, Dreamer\" by Allan L. Benson\u2014was published in World Today", "56e10412e3433e1400422abe": "weeks", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae4": "electricity", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae5": "1912", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae6": "William H. Maxwell", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae7": "William H. Maxwell", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afa": "overseas investors. After the war started, Tesla lost the funding he was receiving from his patents in European countries. Eventually, he sold Wardenclyffe", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afb": "Wardenclyffe", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afc": "$20,000", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afd": "$20,000", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afe": "Edison Medal", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0c": "tremendous frequency", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0d": "tremendous frequency", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0e": "tremendous frequency", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0f": "\u00c9mile Girardeau", "56e1097dcd28a01900c6748f": "6 November 1915, a Reuters news agency report from London had the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67490": "a recipient could only decline a Nobel Prize after he is announced a winner.:245", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67491": "The Nobel Foundation", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67492": "245", "56e10a28cd28a01900c674b1": "$20,000", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b3": "38", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b4": "38", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b5": "Edison did receive one of 38", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b24": "1,655,114", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b25": "1928", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b26": "less", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b27": "1,655,114", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b36": "$125", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b37": "$125", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b38": "$125", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b39": "$125", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d7": "1935, in an annual birthday celebration interview, Tesla announced a method of transmitting mechanical energy", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d8": "1935", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d9": "1935", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674da": "mineral deposits", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674db": "1935", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b48": "Yorker", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b49": "the fall of 1937, after midnight one night, Tesla left the Hotel New Yorker", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4a": "three", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4b": "the fall of 1937, after midnight one night, Tesla left the Hotel New Yorker", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4c": "the fall of 1937, after midnight one night, Tesla left the Hotel New Yorker", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674eb": "teleforce\" weapon after studying the Van de Graaff generator", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ec": "Van de Graaff generator", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ed": "teleforce\" weapon after studying the Van de Graaff generator", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ee": "teleforce\" weapon after studying the Van de Graaff generator", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ef": "teleforce\" weapon after studying the Van de Graaff generator", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5c": "1937", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5d": "1937", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5e": "tungsten pellets that are accelerated via high voltage", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5f": "high voltage", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b60": "1937", "56e10fbacd28a01900c67509": "charged", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750a": "Nikola Tesla Museum archive in Belgrade", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750b": "Belgrade", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750c": "millions", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750d": "superweapon", "56e11044e3433e1400422b76": "teleforce", "56e11044e3433e1400422b77": "teleforce weapon", "56e11044e3433e1400422b78": "empty-handed", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67531": "86", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67532": "86", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67533": "Alice Monaghan", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67534": "86", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67535": "coronary thrombosis", "56e11161e3433e1400422b86": "the Alien Property Custodian", "56e11161e3433e1400422b87": "the Alien Property Custodian", "56e11161e3433e1400422b89": "un", "56e11161e3433e1400422b8a": "Alien Property Custodian", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b90": "Slovene-American author Louis Adamic", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b91": "Slovene-American author Louis Adamic", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b92": "two thousand", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b93": "two thousand", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b94": "two thousand", "56e1127bcd28a01900c67549": "Belgrade", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754a": "Sava Kosanovi\u0107", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754b": "Charlotte Muzar transported Tesla's ashes from the United States to Belgrade", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754c": "80 trunks marked N.T. In 1957, Kosanovi\u0107's secretary Charlotte Muzar transported Tesla's ashes from the United States to Belgrade", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754d": "Belgrade", "56e11996e3433e1400422bde": "300", "56e11996e3433e1400422bdf": "300", "56e11996e3433e1400422be0": "Canada", "56e11996e3433e1400422be1": "300", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b5": "9", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b6": "9", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b7": "9", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b8": "headwaiter", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf0": "8 to 10 miles", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf1": "8 to 10 miles per day. He squished his toes one hundred times for each foot every night, saying that it stimulated his brain cells", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf2": "toes one hundred times for each foot every night, saying that it stimulated his brain cells", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf3": "brain cells", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c7": "telepathy", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c8": "Arthur Brisbane, Tesla said that he did not believe in telepathy", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c9": "telepathy", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d7": "$2,000", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d8": "$2,000", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d9": "feed", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675da": "a specific injured white pigeon", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675db": "feed the pigeons and even brought injured ones into his hotel room to nurse back to health", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c18": "1888", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c19": "6 feet 2 inches (1.88 m) tall", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1a": "1888", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1b": "tall", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e7": "eight", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e8": "blinding flashes", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e9": "He was a polyglot", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675ea": "flashes", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675eb": "He was a polyglot", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f1": "48 hours", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f2": "84", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f3": "Graz", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f4": "3", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f5": "208", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c28": "chastity", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c29": "soft-spoken", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c2a": "soft-spoken", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2e": "Dorothy Skerrit", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2f": "Robert Underwood Johnson", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c30": "Robert Underwood Johnson described him as attaining a \"distinguished sweetness, sincerity, modesty, refinement, generosity, and force.", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c31": "Robert Underwood Johnson", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c32": "Robert Underwood Johnson described him as attaining a \"distinguished sweetness, sincerity, modesty, refinement, generosity, and force.", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67611": "George Sylvester Viereck", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67612": "middle age", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67613": "George Sylvester Viereck, a poet", "56e12005cd28a01900c67617": "he fired a secretary because of her weight", "56e12005cd28a01900c67618": "secretary", "56e12005cd28a01900c67619": "weight", "56e12005cd28a01900c6761a": "overweight people, such as when he fired a secretary", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c38": "he disagreed with the theory of atoms being composed of smaller subatomic particles", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c39": "249 Tesla believed that atoms are immutable\u2014they could not change state or be split in any way.", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3a": "an all pervasive \"ether\" that transmitted electrical energy", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3b": "electrical energy", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4a": "Einstein's theory of relativity", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4b": "conversion of matter into energy.:247 He was also critical of Einstein's theory of relativity", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4c": "relativity", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c50": "81, claimed in a letter to have completed a \"dynamic theory of gravity", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c51": "1892", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c52": "81, claimed in a letter to have completed a \"dynamic theory of gravity", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c53": "81", "56e122dacd28a01900c67639": "1937", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763a": "1937", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763b": "pity\" had interfered with the natural \"ruthless workings of nature", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763c": "1937", "56e1239acd28a01900c67641": "Queen Bees", "56e1239acd28a01900c67642": "Queen Bees", "56e1239acd28a01900c67643": "Queen Bees", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5e": "League of Nations", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5f": "Science and Discovery", "56e12477e3433e1400422c60": "Science and Discovery", "56e12477e3433e1400422c61": "League of Nations", "56e124f1cd28a01900c6764f": "Orthodox Christian. Later in his life, he did not consider himself to be a \"believer in the orthodox sense,\" and opposed religious fanaticism", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67650": "he did not consider himself to be a \"believer in the orthodox sense,\" and opposed religious fanaticism", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67651": "Buddhism", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c66": "\"A Machine to End War\"", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c67": "uncertain due to other statements that he made. For example, in his article, \"A Machine to End War\", published in 1937", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c68": "War\", published in 1937", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6c": "Ben Johnston", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6d": "Ben Johnston", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6e": "Ben Johnston", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67655": "Inventions", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67656": "1900", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67657": "the article \"The Problem of Increasing Human Energy", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7c": "The impact of the technologies", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7d": "The impact of the technologies invented or envisioned by Tesla is a recurring theme in several types of science fiction.", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7e": "The impact of the technologies", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765b": "Time", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765c": "Time magazine", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765d": "\"All the world's his power house\" noted his contribution to electrical power generation", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765e": "Albert Einstein", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765f": "Albert Einstein", "56e16182e3433e1400422e28": "inherent difficulty", "56e16182e3433e1400422e29": "difficulty", "56e16182e3433e1400422e2a": "principle", "56e16839cd28a01900c67887": "significant resources", "56e16839cd28a01900c67888": "time and storage", "56e16839cd28a01900c67889": "significant resources", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788a": "number of gates", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788b": "computational complexity theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f40": "computational complexity", "56e17644e3433e1400422f41": "restrictions", "56e17644e3433e1400422f42": "restrictions", "56e17644e3433e1400422f43": "it tries to classify problems that can or cannot be solved with appropriately restricted resources", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a1": "a problem instance", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a2": "a problem refers to the abstract question to be solved. In contrast, an instance of this problem is a rather concrete utterance", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a3": "a rather concrete utterance", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a4": "the output", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a5": "the output", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f7f": "2000 kilometres", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f80": "little use for solving other instances of the problem, such as asking for a round trip through all sites in Milan whose total length is at most 10 km", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f81": "quantitative", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa0": "bitstrings", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa1": "string", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa2": "an alphabet", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa3": "bitstrings", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa4": "their adjacency matrices", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc8": "yes or no", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc9": "yes or no", "56e190bce3433e1400422fca": "yes or no", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcb": "formal language, where the members of the language are instances whose output is yes, and the non-members are those instances whose output is no", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcc": "yes or no", "56e19557e3433e1400422fee": "arbitrary graph", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff0": "the set", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff1": "the set of all connected graphs", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f6": "traveling salesman problem", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f7": "single", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f8": "integer factorization", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f9": "integer factorization problem", "56e19724cd28a01900c679fa": "function problem is a computational problem where a single output (of a total function", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2e": "decision problems. For example, the multiplication of two integers", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2f": "triples", "56e1a38de3433e140042305c": "the time required to solve a problem (or the space required, or any measure of complexity) is calculated as a function of the size", "56e1a38de3433e140042305d": "instance", "56e1a38de3433e140042305e": "size", "56e1a38de3433e140042305f": "the size of the instance", "56e1a38de3433e1400423060": "more", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a48": "Cobham", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a49": "n", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4a": "T", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4b": "T", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4c": "the input size", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423094": "Turing machine", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423095": "an algorithm", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423097": "the", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423098": "It is a theoretical device that manipulates symbols", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a68": "an extra supply of random bits", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a69": "a fixed set of rules", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6a": "The ability to make probabilistic decisions often helps algorithms solve problems more efficiently. Algorithms that use random bits are called randomized algorithms", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6b": "non-deterministic Turing machine is a deterministic Turing machine with an added feature of non-determinism", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6c": "randomized algorithms", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309e": "complexity classes", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309f": "resources", "56e1b00ce3433e14004230a1": "deterministic Turing machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a72": "random access machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a73": "random access machines. Perhaps surprisingly, each of these models can be converted to another without providing any extra computational power. The time and memory consumption", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a74": "time and memory consumption of these alternate models may vary. What all these models have in common is that the machines operate deterministically", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a75": "the machines operate deterministically", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b0": "non-deterministic Turing machine is a computational model", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b1": "non-deterministic time", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b2": "branching", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b3": "time", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa3": "x", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa4": "a computational model such as the deterministic Turing machine", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa5": "DT", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa6": "DTIME", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abc": "complexity resources, any complexity measure can be viewed as a computational resource. Complexity measures are very generally defined by the Blum complexity axioms", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abd": "time and space", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abe": "the Blum complexity axioms", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abf": "circuit complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67ac0": "circuit complexity, and decision tree complexity", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e6": "best, worst", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e7": "time complexity (or any other complexity measure) of different inputs of the same size", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e8": "time complexity (or any other complexity measure) of different inputs of the same size", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e9": "best, worst and average case complexity", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae0": "quicksort", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae1": "quicksort", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae2": "O(n log n", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423104": "space consumption", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423105": "the field of analysis of algorithms", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423106": "the minimum amount of time", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423107": "most", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423108": "\"all possible algorithms\" includes not just the algorithms known today, but any algorithm that might be discovered in the future.", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afc": "big O notation", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afd": "constant factors and smaller terms", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afe": "big O notation one would write T(n) = O(n2)", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67aff": "big O notation", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2c": "complexity classes", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2d": "some complexity classes have complicated definitions that do not fit into this framework. Thus, a typical complexity class", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2e": "definitions", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423134": "P", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423135": "quadratic time", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423136": "multi-tape Turing machine, but necessarily requires quadratic time", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423137": "Cobham-Edmonds", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423138": "P", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423148": "time or space", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423149": "bound", "56e1c3e1e3433e140042314a": "complexity classes", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314e": "quantum Turing machines. #P", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314f": "Boolean circuits; and BQP and QMA, which are defined using quantum Turing machines. #P is an important complexity class of counting problems", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423150": "quantum Turing machines. #P", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423151": "#P", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423152": "Interactive proof systems", "56e1c720e3433e140042316a": "DTIME(n) is contained in DTIME(n2)", "56e1c720e3433e140042316b": "2", "56e1c720e3433e140042316c": "hierarchy", "56e1c720e3433e140042316d": "time and space hierarchy theorems respectively. They are called hierarchy theorems because they induce a proper hierarchy on the classes defined by constraining", "56e1c720e3433e140042316e": "much", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b74": "time and space hierarchy theorems form the basis for most separation results of complexity classes. For instance, the time hierarchy theorem", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b75": "space hierarchy theorem tells us that L is strictly contained in PSPACE", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b76": "time and space hierarchy theorems form the basis for most separation results of complexity classes. For instance, the time hierarchy theorem", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423192": "reduction", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423193": "transformation", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423194": "X reduces to Y", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423195": "There", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423196": "log-space", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bac": "polynomial-time reduction", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bad": "a polynomial-time reduction", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bae": "a polynomial-time reduction", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67baf": "multiplication", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bb0": "multiplication", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a4": "type of reduction being used. For complexity classes larger than P, polynomial-time reductions", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a5": "X", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a6": "every problem in C can be reduced to X", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a8": "the set of NP-hard problems", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cb": "X is the hardest problem in C", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cc": "the class", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cd": "C", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231ce": "NP", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bca": "P", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcb": "thesis", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcc": "P", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcd": "P", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bce": "each problem in P is also member of the class NP", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d5": "yes", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d6": "Millennium Prize Problems proposed by the Clay Mathematics Institute. There is a US$1,000,000", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d8": "US$1,000,000", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd4": "Ladner", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd5": "P \u2260 NP", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd6": "The graph isomorphism problem", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fc": "determining", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fd": "complexity theory is whether the graph isomorphism problem is in P, NP-complete, or NP-intermediate.", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fe": "graph isomorphism is NP-complete, the polynomial time hierarchy collapses to its second level", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231ff": "second level", "56e1e9dfe3433e1400423200": "NP-complete, the polynomial time hierarchy collapses to its second level", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0a": "integer factorization problem is the computational problem of determining the prime factorization of a given integer", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0b": "k", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0c": "RSA algorithm", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0e": "the general number field sieve", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423210": "Many known complexity classes are suspected to be unequal", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423211": "qual", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423212": "there are many known complexity", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423214": "qual", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321a": "co-NP", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321b": "co-NP", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321c": "NP", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321d": "NP", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423222": "L (the set", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423223": "P", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423224": "L (the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423225": "many complexity classes between the two, such as NL and NC", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423226": "many complexity classes between the two, such as NL and NC", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322c": "complexity theory", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322f": "complexity theory", "56e1fc57e3433e1400423230": "theory", "56e1febfe3433e1400423236": "Presburger", "56e1febfe3433e1400423237": "the decision problem in Presburger arithmetic", "56e1febfe3433e1400423238": "NP-complete knapsack problem", "56e1febfe3433e1400423239": "intractability", "56e1febfe3433e140042323a": "NP-complete Boolean satisfiability problem", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c14": "Alan Turing", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c15": "Alan Turing", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c16": "1936", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c17": "1936", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c18": "Alan Turing", "56e202e9e3433e1400423240": "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms", "56e202e9e3433e1400423241": "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms\" by Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns (1965), which laid out the definitions of time and space complexity", "56e202e9e3433e1400423242": "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms", "56e202e9e3433e1400423243": "Edmonds", "56e202e9e3433e1400423244": "1965", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1e": "John Myhill's definition of linear bounded automata (Myhill 1960), Raymond Smullyan's study of rudimentary sets", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1f": "yan", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c20": "Hisao Yamada", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c24": "encoding", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c25": "discussion abstract enough to be independent of the choice of encoding", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324a": "1967", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324b": "speed-up theorem", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324d": "\"Reducibility", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324e": "21", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f23": "the curriculum", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f24": "pedagogy", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f25": "professional qualifications or credentials from a university or college", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f26": "a lesson plan", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f27": "The role of teacher", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f37": "Teachers may provide instruction in literacy and numeracy", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f38": "Teachers may provide instruction in literacy and numeracy", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f39": "teacher", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f3a": "teacher's role may vary among cultures. Teachers may provide instruction in literacy and numeracy", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f51": "schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f52": "home schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f53": "formal education can take place through home schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f54": "transient", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f55": "family", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f65": "Quran", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f66": "Torah or Bible", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f67": "Quran, Torah or Bible", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f68": "teachers", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e33": "homeschooling, or in the wider community. Formal teaching may be carried out by paid professionals", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e34": "paid professionals", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e35": "physicians, lawyers, engineers", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e36": "homeschooling, or in the wider community. Formal teaching may be carried out by paid professionals", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e37": "a status", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6e": "help with the organization of school functions", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6f": "serve as supervisors", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f70": "serve as supervisors for extracurricular activities", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f71": "teachers", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f76": "interest", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f77": "governments operate teacher's colleges, which are generally established to serve and protect the public interest", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f78": "interest", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f79": "interest", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f7a": "interest", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f94": "The functions of the teacher's colleges may include setting out clear standards of practice", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f95": "The functions of the teacher'", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f96": "publicly funded schools", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f97": "setting out clear standards of practice, providing for the ongoing education of teachers, investigating complaints involving members, conducting hearings into allegations of professional misconduct", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f98": "The functions of the teacher'", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5b": "tutor", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5c": "tutor", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5d": "tutor", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5e": "tutor", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa8": "pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa9": "pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76faa": "teachers assist in learning outside of the classroom by accompanying students on field trips", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fab": "pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fac": "pedagogy", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e6f": "a course of study", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e70": "standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e71": "standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e72": "standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e73": "standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbc": "a teacher assesses the pedagogic diversity", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbd": "self-study and problem solving with a lot of feedback around that loop. The function of the teacher is to pressure the lazy", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbe": "detect and correct individual flaws", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbf": "pressure the lazy", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fc0": "The function of the teacher is to pressure the lazy", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc6": "teachers and children", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc7": "the relationship between teachers and children", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc8": "the relationship between teachers and children", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc9": "the relationship between teachers and children", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fca": "the relationship between teachers and children", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8b": "alternative approaches for primary education", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8c": "platoon\" system, involves placing a group of students together in one class", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8d": "primary education", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8e": "placing a group", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8f": "primary education", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e95": "Co-teaching", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e96": "two or more", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e97": "learning", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e98": "two or more", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e99": "social networking support that allows them to reach their full cognitive potential", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ea9": "corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eaa": "a teacher was expected to act as a substitute parent", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eab": "corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eac": "corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ead": "substitute parent", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb3": "school discipline", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb4": "king", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb5": "king", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb6": "king", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb7": "king", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fec": "30 US states have banned corporal punishment, the others (mostly in the South", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fed": "the student's trousers or skirt with a specially made wooden paddle", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fee": "30 US states have banned corporal punishment, the others (mostly in the South", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fef": "the student's trousers or skirt with a specially made wooden paddle", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76ff0": "the student's trousers or skirt with a specially made wooden paddle", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77000": "caning", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77001": "ing", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77002": "ing", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec7": "detention", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec8": "Singapore", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec9": "the pupil to remain in school at a given time in the school day (such as lunch, recess or after school", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3eca": "write lines or a punishment essay, or sit quietly", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ecb": "sit in a classroom", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed1": "an assertive", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed2": "immediate and fair punishment for misbehavior", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed3": "clear boundaries define what is appropriate and inappropriate behavior", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed4": "an assertive teacher", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed5": "respect", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef5": "assertive", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef6": "high standards of education", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef7": "the weakness in school discipline", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef8": "confrontational", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702c": "Japan", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702d": "many teachers find the students unmanageable", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702e": "Japan", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702f": "extremely rigid", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703a": "40 to 50", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703b": "divert", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703c": "motivated students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703d": "motivated students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703e": "disproportionate", "56e7611500c9c71400d77054": "popularly", "56e7611500c9c71400d77055": "rules are arbitrary, authority is absolute", "56e7611500c9c71400d77056": "negotiation", "56e7611500c9c71400d77057": "absolute", "56e7611500c9c71400d77058": "clear laws", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f13": "teachers can affect how students perceive the course materials, it has been found that teachers who showed enthusiasm", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f14": "their passion", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f15": "rote", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f17": "higher", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77072": "enthusiasm", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77073": "read lecture material outside of the classroom", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77074": "demonstrative gesturing, dramatic movements", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77075": "intrinsic motivation of college students", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77076": "intrinsic motivation of college students", "56e763e800c9c71400d77086": "teacher", "56e763e800c9c71400d77087": "enthusiasm", "56e763e800c9c71400d77088": "teacher", "56e763e800c9c71400d77089": "teacher", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708e": "student-teacher relationships", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708f": "beneficial relations with their students", "56e764e200c9c71400d77090": "personal success", "56e764e200c9c71400d77091": "teacher", "56e764e200c9c71400d77092": "beneficial relations with their students", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a2": "supportive", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a4": "friendly and supportive", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a5": "effective", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a6": "student participation and decision making", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f49": "three", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4a": "enthusiasm about the subject matter. A teacher must enjoy teaching", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4b": "excitement", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4c": "the ability to be very influential in the young students life", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4d": "A teacher must enjoy teaching", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f53": "teachers, especially sexual misconduct, has been getting increased scrutiny from the media and the courts", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f54": "9.6%", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f55": "teachers", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f56": "teachers, especially sexual misconduct", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f57": "teachers, especially sexual misconduct", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ca": "0.3%", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cb": "0.3%", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cd": "2,869", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ce": "0.3%", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f67": "Debra LaFave, Pamela Rogers", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f69": "Pamela Rogers", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e8": "Fears of being labelled a pedophile or hebephile has led to several men who enjoy teaching avoiding the profession", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e9": "Chris Keates", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ea": "rape", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770eb": "Fears of being labelled a pedophile or hebephile has led to several men who enjoy teaching avoiding the profession", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ec": "sex offenders register and that prosecution for statutory rape", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f75": "stress", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f76": "occupational stress", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f77": "occupational burnout", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f78": "stress", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f79": "occupational stress", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f7f": "42%", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f80": "42% of UK teachers experienced occupational stress", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f81": "twice", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f82": "2012", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f83": "double the rate of anxiety, depression", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710e": "Organizational interventions, like changing teachers' schedules", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710f": "Organizational interventions, like changing teachers' schedules, providing support networks and mentoring, changing the work environment", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77110": "Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77111": "Organizational interventions, like changing teachers' schedules, providing support networks and mentoring, changing the work environment", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77112": "Organizational interventions, like changing teachers' schedules", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f93": "There are many similarities and differences among teachers around the world. In almost all countries teachers are educated in a university or college", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f94": "certification", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f95": "elementary school education certificate is earned after completion of high school", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f96": "prospective teachers pass a background check", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f97": "prospective teachers pass a background check and psychiatric evaluation", "56e76de800c9c71400d77122": "three-tier model which includes primary education", "56e76de800c9c71400d77123": "three", "56e76de800c9c71400d77124": "three-tier", "56e76de800c9c71400d77125": "three-tier model which includes primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary education (secondary schools/high schools) and tertiary education", "56e76de800c9c71400d77126": "three-tier", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9d": "Bachelor's Degree", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9e": "Bachelor's Degree. In most provinces a second Bachelor's Degree such as a Bachelor of Education", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3fa1": "provincial government", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712c": "civil servants recruited in special university classes, called Lehramtstudien", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712d": "the civil servants' salary index scale", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712e": "the civil servants' salary index scale", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712f": "the civil servants' salary index scale", "56e76f7000c9c71400d77130": "Realschule) and higher level secondary schools (Gymnasium", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77137": "Extra pay is also given for teaching through the Irish language", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77138": "\u20ac27,814", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77139": "\u20ac27,814 p.a., rising incrementally to \u20ac53,423", "56e7714a00c9c71400d7713a": "\u20ac27,814", "56e7721500c9c71400d77140": "the Teaching Council", "56e7721500c9c71400d77141": "30 of the Teaching Council Act 2001", "56e7721500c9c71400d77142": "30 of the Teaching Council Act 2001", "56e7721500c9c71400d77143": "the Teaching Council", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbb": "2006", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbc": "Existing staff", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbe": "phased", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbf": "voluntary", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714a": "\u00a320,133 to \u00a341,004", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714b": "\u00a320,133 to \u00a341,004", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714c": "\u00a320,133 to \u00a341,004", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714d": "bachelor", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714e": "\u00a320,133 to \u00a341,004", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd5": "alternative licensing programs", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd6": "people into teaching, especially for hard-to-fill", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd7": "geographic", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd8": "Excellent job opportunities are expected as retirements, especially among secondary school teachers", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd9": "secondary", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715c": "the General Teaching Council", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715d": "the General Teaching Council for Scotland (GTCS). Teaching", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715e": "seven", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715f": "seven Scottish Universities", "56e775ec00c9c71400d77160": "the GTCS", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fdf": "April 2008, unpromoted teachers in Scotland earned from \u00a320,427", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe0": "\u00a320,427", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe1": "\u00a320,427 for a Probationer, up to \u00a332,583", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe2": "\u00a320,427 for a Probationer, up to \u00a332,583", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe3": "unpromoted teachers in Scotland earned from \u00a320,427", "56e777e500c9c71400d77176": "Wales", "56e777e500c9c71400d77177": "Welsh", "56e777e500c9c71400d77178": "Welsh", "56e777e500c9c71400d77179": "22 per cent", "56e777e500c9c71400d7717a": "all age groups", "56e7788200c9c71400d77180": "younger", "56e7788200c9c71400d77181": "younger", "56e7788200c9c71400d77182": "Welsh schools", "56e7788200c9c71400d77183": "ATL", "56e7788200c9c71400d77184": "Welsh schools", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffd": "substitute/temporary teachers", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffe": "ten years", "56e7796637bdd419002c3fff": "bachelor's degree", "56e7796637bdd419002c4000": "Many charter schools", "56e7796637bdd419002c4001": "No Child Left Behind", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718a": "$51,009", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718b": "$51,009", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718c": "$51,009", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718d": "39,259", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718e": "income, most notably on TeachersPayTeachers.com", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77194": "the Roman Church", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77196": "the emphasis on being guided in spiritual development", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77197": "the Pope of Rome", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77198": "\"discernment of spirits", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401d": "the teacher", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401e": "the teacher is an office in the Aaronic priesthood", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401f": "the teacher", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4020": "the teacher", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4021": "the father of the house", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a8": "a guru", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a9": "guru", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771aa": "their disciples", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771ab": "the spiritual teacher is known as a guru", "56e77da237bdd419002c403b": "a Lama", "56e77da237bdd419002c403c": "a Tulku", "56e77da237bdd419002c403d": "a Tulku", "56e77da237bdd419002c403e": "a Tulku", "56e77da237bdd419002c403f": "a Tulku", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b0": "s", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b1": "There are many concepts of teachers in Islam, ranging from mullahs (the teachers at madrassas) to ulemas", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b2": "There are many concepts of teachers in Islam, ranging from mullahs (the teachers at madrassas) to ulemas", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b3": "There are many concepts of teachers in Islam, ranging from mullahs (the teachers at madrassas) to ulemas", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b4": "a Qutb", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf5": "theology", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf6": "theology", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf7": "composer, priest, former monk and a seminal figure in the Protestant Reformation. Luther came to reject several teachings and practices of the Late Medieval Catholic Church", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf8": "freedom", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf9": "Martin", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727a": "Luther taught that salvation and subsequently eternal life", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727b": "Lutheran", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727c": "the Pope", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727d": "the Bible", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727e": "holy priesthood", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17284": "church", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17285": "His translation of the Bible into the vernacular (instead of Latin", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17286": "Tyndale Bible", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17287": "singing", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17288": "Katharina von Bora set a model for the practice of clerical marriage, allowing Protestant clergy", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728e": "Hans Luder (or Ludher, later Luther) and his wife Margarethe (n\u00e9e Lindemann) on 10 November 1483", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728f": "Hans Luder (or Ludher, later Luther) and his wife Margarethe (n\u00e9e Lindemann) on 10 November 1483", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17290": "Martin Luther was born to Hans Luder (or Ludher, later Luther) and his wife Margarethe (n\u00e9e Lindemann)", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17291": "St. Martin of Tours", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17292": "Hans Luder (or Ludher, later Luther) and his wife Margarethe (n\u00e9e Lindemann) on 10 November 1483", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c56": "19", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c57": "1501, at the age of 19", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c58": "four", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c59": "19, he entered the University of Erfurt", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c5a": "master's degree in 1505", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cd": "uncertainty", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172ce": "uncertainty", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cf": "his father's wishes, Luther enrolled in law school at the same university that year but dropped out almost immediately, believing that law represented uncertainty", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d0": "experience", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d1": "uncertainty", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d7": "thunderstorm", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d8": "2 July 1505, he was returning to university on horseback after a trip home. During a thunderstorm", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d9": "2", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172da": "two", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172db": "Erfurt", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c74": "Augustinian order", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c75": "Augustinian", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c76": "Johann von Staupitz", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c77": "Johann von Staupitz", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c78": "superior", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172eb": "1507", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ec": "von Staupitz", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ed": "1507", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ee": "9 March 1508", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ef": "Peter Lombard", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb0": "19 October 1512", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb1": "Doctor in Bible", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb2": "Doctor in Bible", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb3": "Doctor in Bible", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb4": "Doctor of Theology", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17367": "1516", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17368": "donating money to the church", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17369": "fiduciary or dogmatic", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736a": "faith alone, whether fiduciary or dogmatic", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736b": "charity and good works", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5e": "Albert", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5f": "Albert of Mainz", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d60": "Ninety-Five", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d61": "Thesis 86", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d62": "86", "56f80143aef2371900625d68": "Johann Tetzel", "56f80143aef2371900625d69": "the soul from purgatory (also attested as 'into heaven", "56f80143aef2371900625d6a": "Johann Tetzel that \"As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory (also attested as 'into heaven", "56f80143aef2371900625d6b": "soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory (also attested as 'into heaven", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17377": "God", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17378": "forgiveness was God's alone to grant, those who claimed that indulgences absolved buyers from all punishments and granted them salvation", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17379": "He", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737a": "forgiveness was God's alone to grant, those who claimed that indulgences absolved buyers from all punishments and granted them salvation were in error", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737b": "Christ", "56f8046faef2371900625d71": "Tetzel", "56f8046faef2371900625d72": "the dead", "56f8046faef2371900625d73": "the dead", "56f8046faef2371900625d74": "the living", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17387": "Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17388": "Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17389": "Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738a": "Philipp Melanchthon, though it is thought that he was not in Wittenberg", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738b": "Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8074faef2371900625d79": "friends of Luther translated the 95 Theses from Latin", "56f8074faef2371900625d7a": "95 Theses from Latin into German and printed and widely copied them, making the controversy one of the first in history to be aided by the printing press", "56f8074faef2371900625d7b": "friends of Luther translated the 95 Theses from Latin", "56f8074faef2371900625d7c": "95", "56f8074faef2371900625d7d": "95", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17391": "1519", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17392": "Students", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17393": "Psalms", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17394": "1520", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17395": "Three", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739b": "the doctrine of justification \u2013 God's act of declaring a sinner righteous \u2013 by faith alone through God's grace.", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739c": "penance and righteousness", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739d": "1510 to 1520", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739e": "several of the central truths of Christianity", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739f": "This one and firm rock, which we call the doctrine of justification", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d83": "God. This teaching by Luther was clearly expressed in his 1525", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d84": "1525", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d85": "1525 publication On the Bondage of the Will", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d86": "the Smalcald Articles", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d87": "faith alone makes someone just and fulfills the law", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8d": "Luther's rediscovery of \"Christ and His salvation\"", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8e": "Luther's rediscovery of \"Christ and His salvation\"", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8f": "Reformation", "56f80e1daef2371900625d90": "Luther's rediscovery of \"Christ and His salvation\"", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d95": "Archbishop Albrecht of Mainz and Magdeburg did not reply to Luther's letter containing the 95 Theses. He had the theses checked for heresy", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d96": "95 Theses. He had the theses checked for heresy", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d97": "Rome", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d98": "95 Theses. He had the theses checked for heresy and in December 1517 forwarded them to Rome. He needed the revenue", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d99": "heresy", "56f811bdaef2371900625d9f": "Dominican theologian Sylvester Mazzolini", "56f811bdaef2371900625da0": "Dominican theologian Sylvester Mazzolini", "56f811bdaef2371900625da1": "Dominican theologian Sylvester Mazzolini", "56f811bdaef2371900625da2": "Dominican theologian Sylvester Mazzolini", "56f811bdaef2371900625da3": "the Dominican theologian Sylvester Mazzolini", "56f81393aef2371900625da9": "the Saxon", "56f81393aef2371900625daa": "The theologian Johann Eck", "56f81393aef2371900625dab": "Johann Eck", "56f81393aef2371900625dac": "neither", "56f81393aef2371900625dad": "The", "56f81537aef2371900625db3": "15 June 1520", "56f81537aef2371900625db4": "Pope Leo X", "56f81537aef2371900625db5": "95", "56f81537aef2371900625db6": "Karl von Miltitz", "56f81537aef2371900625db7": "3 January 1521, in the bull", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f1": "secular authorities", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f2": "18 April 1521", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f3": "estates of the Holy Roman Empire that took place in Worms, a town on the Rhine", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f4": "Emperor Charles V", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f5": "Prince Frederick III, Elector of Saxony", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fb": "Johann Eck", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fc": "Trier", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fd": "Johann Eck", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fe": "Johann Eck, speaking on behalf of the Empire as assistant of the Archbishop of Trier", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173ff": "Johann Eck", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17415": "Michael Mullett", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17416": "knight", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17417": "Michael Mullett", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17418": "knight winning a bout.\" Michael Mullett considers this speech as a \"world classic of epoch-making oratory", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17427": "He is sometimes also quoted as saying: \"Here I stand. I can do no other\"", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17428": "Luther refused to recant his writings. He is sometimes also quoted as saying: \"Here I stand. I can do no other\"", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17429": "unreliable, since they were inserted before \"May God", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e1742a": "dramatic", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e17439": "private conferences were held to determine Luther's fate. The Emperor presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743a": "The Emperor presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms on 25 May 1521", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743b": "The Emperor presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms on 25 May 1521", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743c": "The Emperor presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms on 25 May 1521, declaring Luther an outlaw, banning his literature", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743d": "anyone", "56f82989aef2371900625e6b": "masked horsemen who were made to appear as armed highwaymen. They escorted Luther to the security of the Wartburg Castle at Eisenach", "56f82989aef2371900625e6c": "masked horsemen who were made to appear as armed highwaymen. They escorted Luther to the security of the Wartburg Castle at Eisenach", "56f82989aef2371900625e6d": "Eisenach", "56f82989aef2371900625e6e": "Testament", "56f82989aef2371900625e6f": "\"Refutation of the Argument of Latomus", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17457": "sin", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17458": "just", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17459": "1 August 1521", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745a": "God's grace (which cannot be earned) alone can make them just. On 1 August 1521, Luther wrote to Melanchthon", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745b": "1 August 1521, Luther wrote to Melanchthon", "56f84485aef2371900625f71": "the summer of 1521", "56f84485aef2371900625f72": "idolatry", "56f84485aef2371900625f73": "he condemned as idolatry", "56f84485aef2371900625f74": "His essay On Confession, Whether the Pope has the Power to Require It rejected compulsory confession and encouraged private confession and absolution", "56f84485aef2371900625f75": "sin", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e17519": "Little Horn", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751a": "Little Horn", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751b": "Little Horn", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751c": "the Little Horn", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751d": "The antichrist of 2 Thessalonians 2 was identified as the power of the Papacy. So too was the Little Horn of Daniel 7", "56f84760aef2371900625f81": "Gabriel Zwilling", "56f84760aef2371900625f82": "Gabriel", "56f84760aef2371900625f83": "June 1521", "56f84760aef2371900625f84": "Luther made his pronouncements from Wartburg in the context of rapid developments at Wittenberg, of which he was kept fully informed.", "56f84760aef2371900625f85": "council", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e1752f": "6 March 1522", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17530": "He", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17531": "eight days in Lent, beginning on Invocavit Sunday, 9 March, Luther preached eight", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17532": "eight", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17533": "He", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9d": "sixth sermon, the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9e": "Jerome Schurf", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9f": "sixth", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa0": "sixth sermon, the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf wrote to the elector", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa1": "divine mercy", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa7": "order", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa8": "order", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa9": "Zwickau prophets", "56f84b68aef2371900625faa": "Zwickau prophets, he now faced a battle against not only the established Church", "56f84b68aef2371900625fab": "Zwickau prophets, he now faced a battle against not only the established Church", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb1": "Preachers such as Zwickau prophet Nicholas Storch and Thomas M\u00fcntzer helped instigate the German Peasants", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb2": "1524\u201325", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb3": "1524\u201325", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb4": "many peasants to believe he would support an attack on the upper classes", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb5": "upper classes", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc1": "Twelve Articles in May 1525, but he reminded the aggrieved to obey the temporal authorities", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc2": "burning of convents, monasteries, bishops' palaces, and libraries", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc3": "dogs", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc4": "Twelve Articles", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc5": "nobles", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754b": "three", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754c": "St.", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754d": "God", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754e": "all authorities are appointed by God", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754f": "soul", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755d": "Swabian League at the Battle of Frankenhausen", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755e": "the Swabian League", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755f": "Swabian League", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17560": "Frankenhausen", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17561": "secular powers", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756d": "Katharina", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756e": "herring barrels", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756f": "26", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17570": "26", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17571": "12", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17577": "13 June 1525", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17578": "evening of the same day, the couple was married by Bugenhagen", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17579": "wedding banquet", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757a": "church", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757b": "by Bugenhagen", "56f855caaef2371900625ff3": "priests and former religious had already married, including Andreas Karlstadt and Justus Jonas", "56f855caaef2371900625ff4": "priests and former religious had already married, including Andreas Karlstadt and Justus Jonas", "56f855caaef2371900625ff5": "Biblical", "56f855caaef2371900625ff6": "priests and former religious had already married, including Andreas Karlstadt and Justus Jonas", "56f855caaef2371900625ff7": "reckless", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffd": "The Black Cloister", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffe": "The Black Cloister", "56f8575aaef2371900625fff": "The Black Cloister", "56f8575aaef2371900626000": "I would not exchange my poverty for the riches of Croesus", "56f8575aaef2371900626001": "farming", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175af": "1526", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b0": "Bainton", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b1": "1526", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b2": "1526", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b3": "the cross", "56f85bb8aef237190062600f": "He also did not wish to replace one controlling system with another. He concentrated on the church in the Electorate of Saxony", "56f85bb8aef2371900626010": "He also did not wish to replace one controlling system with another. He concentrated on the church in the Electorate of Saxony", "56f85bb8aef2371900626011": "He also did not wish to replace one controlling system with another. He concentrated on the church in the Electorate of Saxony", "56f85bb8aef2371900626012": "John the Steadfast", "56f85bb8aef2371900626013": "the temporal sovereign", "56f85cf0aef2371900626019": "a German Mass", "56f85cf0aef237190062601a": "He did not intend it as a replacement for his 1523 adaptation of the Latin Mass", "56f85cf0aef237190062601b": "a German Mass", "56f85cf0aef237190062601c": "a German Mass", "56f85cf0aef237190062601d": "a German Mass", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c3": "Saxony", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c4": "Electorate of Saxony", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c5": "pastoral care", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c6": "Merciful God, what misery I have seen,\" Luther wrote, \"the common people knowing nothing at all of Christian doctrine", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c7": "unskilled", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cd": "Large", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175ce": "1529", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cf": "1529", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d0": "1529", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d1": "Large", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d7": "The catechism", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d8": "The catechism", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d9": "The catechism", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175da": "Small Catechism", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175db": "The catechism", "56f86966aef2371900626053": "pastors", "56f86966aef2371900626054": "each of which works in the catechumen's life", "56f86966aef2371900626055": "pastors", "56f86966aef2371900626056": "pastors", "56f86966aef2371900626057": "Father", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f5": "1522", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f6": "1534", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f7": "Luther had published his German translation of the New Testament in 1522", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f8": "alone\" after \"faith", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f9": "Faith", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17605": "Saxon chancellery", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17606": "northern and southern", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17607": "He intended his vigorous, direct language to make the Bible", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17608": "Bible", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17609": "He intended his vigorous, direct language to make the Bible", "56f86e91aef2371900626067": "German-language publications, Luther's version", "56f86e91aef2371900626068": "version", "56f86e91aef2371900626069": "Luther's version", "56f86e91aef237190062606a": "Lucas Cranach", "56f86e91aef237190062606b": "William Tyndale", "56f87000aef2371900626071": "\"Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott\" (\"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God\"), based on Psalm 46", "56f87000aef2371900626072": "the singing of German hymns in connection with worship, school, home, and the public arena. He often accompanied the sung hymns with a lute", "56f87000aef2371900626073": "\"Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott\" (\"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God\"), based on Psalm 46", "56f87000aef2371900626074": "a lute", "56f87000aef2371900626075": "the waldzither", "56f8720eaef237190062608f": "\"", "56f8720eaef2371900626090": "Lutheran views", "56f8720eaef2371900626091": "\"", "56f8720eaef2371900626092": "John C. Messenger", "56f8720eaef2371900626093": "John C. Messenger", "56f87392aef2371900626099": "1524 creedal hymn \"Wir glauben all an einen Gott\"", "56f87392aef237190062609a": "\"Wir glauben all an einen Gott", "56f87392aef237190062609b": "three-stanza confession of faith prefiguring Luther's 1529 three-part explanation of the Apostles' Creed in the Small Catechism", "56f87392aef237190062609c": "1524", "56f87392aef237190062609d": "1524 creedal hymn", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e1766f": "1538 hymnic version of the Lord's Prayer, \"Vater unser im Himmelreich\"", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17670": "1538 hymnic version of the Lord's Prayer, \"Vater unser im Himmelreich\"", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17671": "candidates", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17672": "extant manuscript shows multiple revisions", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17673": "1538 hymnic version of the Lord's Prayer, \"Vater unser im Himmelreich\"", "56f87760aef23719006260cc": "\"Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir\"", "56f87760aef23719006260cd": "\"Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir\"", "56f87760aef23719006260ce": "\"Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir\"", "56f87760aef23719006260cf": "Achtliederbuch", "56f87760aef23719006260d0": "Luther wrote \"Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir\"", "56f879bdaef23719006260de": "Christmas", "56f879bdaef23719006260df": "Christmas", "56f879bdaef23719006260e0": "Christmas", "56f879bdaef23719006260e1": "Christmas", "56f879bdaef23719006260e2": "Te Deum", "56f87e95aef237190062610a": "1541", "56f87e95aef237190062610b": "Johann Walter", "56f87e95aef237190062610c": "grace", "56f87e95aef237190062610d": "Wolf Heintz", "56f87e95aef237190062610e": "Wolf Heintz's four-part setting of the hymn was used to introduce the Lutheran Reformation in Halle", "56f88025aef237190062611e": "He", "56f88025aef237190062611f": "four of eight", "56f88025aef2371900626120": "He supplied four of eight songs of the First Lutheran hymnal Achtliederbuch", "56f88025aef2371900626121": "32", "56f88025aef2371900626122": "32", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f3": "Johann Sebastian Bach included several verses as chorales in his cantatas and based chorale cantatas entirely on them, namely Christ lag", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f4": "several verses as chorales in his cantatas and based chorale cantatas entirely on them, namely Christ lag in Todes Banden", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f5": "Johann Sebastian Bach included several verses as chorales in his cantatas and based chorale cantatas entirely on them, namely Christ lag", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f6": "Johann Sebastian Bach included several verses as chorales", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f7": "Johann Sebastian Bach included several verses as chorales in his cantatas and based chorale cantatas entirely on them, namely Christ lag", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fd": "a Christian's soul sleeps", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fe": "John Calvin and Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176ff": "penitential suffering after death", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17700": "death", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17701": "heaven", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17707": "Franz Pieper observed that Luther's teaching about the state of the Christian's soul after death differed from the later Lutheran theologians such as Johann Gerhard", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17708": "Franz Pieper observed that Luther's teaching about the state of the Christian's soul after death differed from the later Lutheran theologians such as Johann Gerhard", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17709": "Franz Pieper observed that Luther's teaching about the state of the Christian's soul after death differed from the later Lutheran theologians such as Johann Gerhard", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e1770a": "Johann Gerhard. Lessing (1755", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17723": "Genesis", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17724": "Genesis", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17725": "Genesis", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17726": "Gottfried Fritschel pointed out in 1867", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17727": "dreams", "56f88c37aef2371900626176": "German and Swiss theologians", "56f88c37aef2371900626177": "Hesse", "56f88c37aef2371900626178": "theologians", "56f88c37aef2371900626179": "fourteen", "56f88c37aef237190062617a": "fourteen", "56f88eafaef2371900626194": "Jesus", "56f88eafaef2371900626195": "Christ", "56f88eafaef2371900626196": "Christ in the consecrated bread and wine, which he called the sacramental union", "56f88eafaef2371900626197": "wine", "56f88eafaef2371900626198": "confrontational", "56f8907faef23719006261b2": "1530", "56f8907faef23719006261b3": "1530", "56f8907faef23719006261b4": "1530 of the Augsburg Confession, and for the formation of the Schmalkaldic League", "56f8907faef23719006261b5": "Augsburg Confession", "56f8907faef23719006261b6": "Protestant nobles", "56f895339e9bad19000a0177": "faith and reason were antithetical", "56f895339e9bad19000a0178": "reason", "56f895339e9bad19000a0179": "Reason", "56f895339e9bad19000a017a": "reason", "56f895339e9bad19000a017b": "spheres", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5d": "1523", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5e": "In 1523", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5f": "In 1523", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c60": "1523", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c61": "1523", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a5": "He saw the Turks as a scourge", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a6": "He saw the Turks as a scourge", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a7": "He saw the Turks as a scourge", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a8": "He saw the Turks as a scourge", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a9": "Ninety", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9d": "Latin translation of the Qur'an", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9e": "1542", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9f": "Islam, which he called \"Mohammedanism\" or \"the Turk\"", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca0": "Mohammedanism\" or \"the Turk", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca1": "1542", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022b": "Ten Commandments", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022c": "six", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022d": "God's gospel, not God's moral law (the Ten Commandments", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022e": "six series of theses against Agricola and the antinomians", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022f": "his 1539 open letter to C. G\u00fcttel Against the Antinomians, and his book On the Councils and the Church", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0251": "the law", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0252": "the law", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0253": "the law", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0254": "the law", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0255": "the law", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025b": "Ten Commandments \u2013 when considered not as God's condemning judgment but as an expression of his eternal will, that is, of the natural law", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025c": "Ten", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025d": "third use of the law", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025e": "Ten", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025f": "Ten Commandments", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da7": "Ten Commandments", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da8": "Ten Commandments", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da9": "Luther", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02b9": "Hesse", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02ba": "Hesse", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bb": "Hesse", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bc": "confessional advice for Philip of Hesse", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bd": "Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02eb": "b", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ec": "Jews", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ed": "b", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ee": "Jesus", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ef": "b", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e05": "treatise", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e06": "the Holy Name and the Lineage of Christ), both published in 1543", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e07": "1543", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e08": "60,000-word treatise", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e09": "60,000-word treatise", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3b": "Jews in Saxony, Brandenburg, and Silesia", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3c": "priest", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3d": "Saxony", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3e": "works", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3f": "Silesia", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e75": "Luther", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e76": "Reinhold Lewin", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e77": "Reinhold Lewin", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e78": "Reinhold Lewin", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e79": "Reinhold Lewin", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a0389": "17 December 1941, seven", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038a": "preventive measures against the Jews and their expulsion from German territory.\" According to Daniel Goldhagen", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038b": "preventive measures against the Jews and their expulsion from German territory.\" According to Daniel Goldhagen", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038c": "10 November 1938", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038d": "Daniel Goldhagen", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03bf": "limited", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c0": "limited", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c1": "limited", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c2": "18th and 19th", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c3": "limited", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03db": "Ronald Berger", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dc": "Ronald Berger", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dd": "Ronald Berger", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03de": "Ronald Berger", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03df": "Judaism", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eed": "1983", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eee": "Mark U. Edwards", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eef": "vulgarity", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef0": "vulgarity", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef1": "Mark U. Edwards in his book Luther's Last Battles: Politics and Polemics 1531\u201346 (1983", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f35": "1980s", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f36": "4,745 North American Lutherans aged 15\u201365", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f37": "disproportionately more", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f38": "more", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f45": "Hesse", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f46": "Philip of Hesse incident", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f47": "ina", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f48": "Hesse", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f49": "December 1544, he began to feel the effects of angina", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f61": "poor physical health", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f62": "poor physical health made him short-tempered and even harsher in his writings and comments. His wife Katharina", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f63": "poor physical health made him short-tempered and even harsher in his writings and comments. His wife Katharina", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f64": "Katharina", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f65": "three times in the Market Church", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7d": "Eisleben, his place of birth, on 15 February 1546", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7e": "Eisleben, his place of birth, on 15 February 1546", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7f": "at Eisleben, his place of birth, on 15 February 1546", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f80": "L\u00e9on Poliakov", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f81": "L\u00e9on Poliakov", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a0": "Mansfeld", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a1": "Count Albrecht of Mansfeld bringing the industry under his own control.", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a2": "1545", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a3": "Mansfeld", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a4": "copper", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c6": "17 February 1546", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c7": "8 a.m., he experienced chest pains", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c8": "8 a.m., he experienced chest pains", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c9": "Ps. 31:5", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04ca": "8", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e0": "2:45 a.m. on 18 February 1546, aged 62", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e1": "2:45 a.m. on 18 February 1546, aged 62", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e2": "2:45 a.m. on 18 February 1546, aged 62", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e3": "2:45 a.m. on 18 February 1546, aged 62", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e4": "2:45 a.m. on 18 February 1546, aged 62", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1007": "A piece of paper was later found on which Luther had written his last statement. The statement was in Latin", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1008": "Latin", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1009": "Latin", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0514": "size", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0515": "stout", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0516": "stout", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0517": "stout", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0518": "large", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103d": "31 October", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103e": "31 October", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103f": "31 October", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1040": "31 October", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1041": "31 October", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d4": "SoCal", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d5": "eight counties", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d6": "10", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d7": "eight counties\", based on demographics and economic", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d8": "eight", "5705e33f52bb89140068964c": "8- and 10-county definitions are not used for the greater Southern California Megaregion", "5705e33f52bb89140068964d": "11", "5705e33f52bb89140068964e": "8- and 10-county definitions are not used for the greater Southern California Megaregion", "5705e33f52bb89140068964f": "Mexican border into Tijuana", "5705e33f52bb891400689650": "east into Las Vegas, Nevada, and south across the Mexican border into Tijuana", "5705e3f252bb89140068966a": "Ventura", "5705e3f252bb89140068966b": "seven", "5705e3f252bb89140068966c": "Riverside-San Bernardino area with over four million", "5705e3f252bb89140068966d": "Los Angeles area with over 12 million", "5705e3f252bb89140068966e": "17.5 million", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7704": "Colorado Desert", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7705": "Colorado Desert and the Colorado River", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7706": "Mojave Desert", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7707": "Mexico", "5705e63175f01819005e7720": "3,792,621", "5705e63175f01819005e7721": "3,792,621", "5705e63175f01819005e7722": "Los Angeles", "5705e63175f01819005e7723": "Los Angeles", "5705e63175f01819005e7724": "San Diego", "5705e99452bb891400689688": "Los Angeles", "5705e99452bb891400689689": "Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside", "5705e99452bb89140068968a": "five", "5705e99452bb89140068968b": "15", "5705e99452bb89140068968c": "Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside", "5705eb3375f01819005e7764": "Hollywood", "5705eb3375f01819005e7765": "southern California", "5705eb3375f01819005e7766": "Walt Disney Company", "5705eb3375f01819005e7767": "southern California", "5705eb3375f01819005e7768": "Sony", "5705ec1675f01819005e776e": "Shaun White", "5705ec1675f01819005e776f": "Tony Hawk", "5705ec1675f01819005e7770": "Shaun White", "5705ec1675f01819005e7771": "Oahu", "5705ec1675f01819005e7772": "Tony Hawk", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b8": "Palm Springs", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b9": "Palm Springs", "5705eccb52bb8914006896ba": "southern California coast for its popular beaches", "5705eccb52bb8914006896bb": "the desert city", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ca": "37\u00b0 9' 58.23\" latitude, around 11 miles (18 km) south of San Jose", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cb": "37\u00b0 9' 58.23\" latitude", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cc": "ten", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cd": "the Tehachapi Mountains", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ce": "the Tehachapi Mountains", "5705eee952bb8914006896de": "Mexico", "5705eee952bb8914006896df": "Mexico ruled California, and political disputes raged between the Californios of Monterey in the upper part and Los Angeles in the lower part of Alta California", "5705eee952bb8914006896e0": "Monterey", "5705eee952bb8914006896e1": "Compromise", "5705eee952bb8914006896e2": "1850", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a4": "Pico", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a5": "Pico", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a6": "Pico", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a7": "1859", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a8": "Milton Latham", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f0": "the Los Angeles Times", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f1": "1900, the Los Angeles Times", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f2": "1900, the Los Angeles Times", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f3": "1999", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f4": "1900, the Los Angeles Times", "5705f36452bb891400689718": "South of the Tehachapis", "5705f36452bb891400689719": "the California State Automobile Association", "5705f36452bb89140068971a": "the California State Automobile Association", "5705f36452bb89140068971b": "South of the Tehachapis", "5705f36452bb89140068971c": "South of the Tehachapis", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dc": "third", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dd": "Southern California consists of a heavily developed urban environment", "5705f7c875f01819005e77de": "suburban communities and use of automobiles and highways", "5705f7c875f01819005e77df": "large, spread-out, suburban communities and use of automobiles and highways", "5705f7c875f01819005e77e0": "The urban area is also host to an international metropolitan region in the form of San Diego\u2013Tijuana", "5705fb7f52bb891400689750": "south on Interstate 5", "5705fb7f52bb891400689751": "Temecula", "5705fb7f52bb891400689752": "the United States Census Bureau", "5705fb7f52bb891400689753": "Orange Counties", "5705fb7f52bb891400689754": "5", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976a": "Mediterranean", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976b": "Southern California contains a Mediterranean climate, with infrequent rain", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976c": "90-60's", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976d": "Southeast", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976e": "90-60's", "5705fd8475f01819005e7841": "Southern California", "5705fd8475f01819005e7840": "geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem", "5705fd8475f01819005e7842": "varied", "5705fd8475f01819005e7843": "Peninsular", "5705fd8475f01819005e7844": "Transverse and Peninsular", "5705fec152bb89140068977a": "10,000", "5705fec152bb89140068977b": "10,000", "5705fec152bb89140068977c": "6.7", "5705fec152bb89140068977d": "Northridge", "5705fec152bb89140068977e": "Northridge", "5705ffde52bb891400689784": "San Andreas Fault", "5705ffde52bb891400689785": "San Andreas Fault", "5705ffde52bb891400689786": "Puente Hills Fault", "5705ffde52bb891400689787": "The USGS", "5705ffde52bb891400689788": "The USGS", "570602fa52bb89140068979e": "many", "570602fa52bb89140068979f": "global", "570602fa52bb8914006897a0": "Southern California is divided culturally, politically, and economically into distinctive regions, each containing its own culture and atmosphere", "570603c475f01819005e7882": "2010 United States Census, southern California has a population of 22,680,010", "570603c475f01819005e7883": "high growth rates", "570603c475f01819005e7884": "10.0%", "570603c475f01819005e7885": "10.0%", "570603c475f01819005e7886": "10.0%", "5706074552bb8914006897d4": "one", "5706074552bb8914006897d5": "two extended metropolitan areas that exceed five million in population", "5706074552bb8914006897d6": "five million", "5706074552bb8914006897d7": "Southern Border Region", "5706074552bb8914006897d8": "17,786,419, and San Diego\u2013Tijuana at 5,105,768", "570607f575f01819005e78b4": "Los Angeles", "570607f575f01819005e78b5": "Los Angeles", "570607f575f01819005e78b6": "000", "570607f575f01819005e78b7": "100,000", "570607f575f01819005e78b8": "Riverside", "5706094b52bb8914006897de": "petroleum", "5706094b52bb8914006897df": "petroleum", "5706094b52bb8914006897e0": "housing bubble", "5706094b52bb8914006897e1": "diverse", "5706094b52bb8914006897e2": "Southern California's economy is diverse and one of the largest in the United States. It is dominated and heavily dependent upon abundance of petroleum", "57060a1175f01819005e78d2": "1920s", "57060a1175f01819005e78d3": "richest", "57060a1175f01819005e78d5": "citrus", "57060a1175f01819005e78d4": "citrus", "57060a1175f01819005e78d6": "aerospace", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f8": "many major business districts", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f9": "Downtown Los Angeles", "57060a6e52bb8914006897fa": "Downtown Los Angeles", "57060cc352bb89140068980e": "Downtown Santa Monica", "57060cc352bb89140068980f": "Downtown Long Beach", "57060cc352bb891400689810": "San Fernando Valley", "57060cc352bb891400689811": "Downtown Burbank, Downtown Santa Monica", "57060df252bb891400689820": "Downtown San Bernardino", "57060df252bb891400689821": "Downtown San Bernardino, Hospitality Business/Financial Centre", "57060df252bb891400689822": "Downtown San Bernardino, Hospitality Business/Financial Centre", "57060eaf75f01819005e7910": "Orange County is a rapidly developing business center that includes Downtown Santa Ana", "57060eaf75f01819005e7911": "California, Irvine", "57060eaf75f01819005e7912": "Irvine Tech Center", "57060eaf75f01819005e7913": "South Coast", "57060eaf75f01819005e7914": "Jamboree", "57060f3e75f01819005e7922": "Downtown", "57060f3e75f01819005e7923": "Downtown", "57060f3e75f01819005e7924": "Downtown", "57060f3e75f01819005e7925": "Downtown San Diego", "570610b275f01819005e792a": "Los Angeles International Airport, the second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume", "570610b275f01819005e792b": "Los Angeles International Airport, the second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume", "570610b275f01819005e792c": "third", "570610b275f01819005e792d": "San Diego International Airport the busiest single runway airport in the world; Van Nuys Airport", "570610b275f01819005e792e": "Van Nuys Airport", "5706111a52bb89140068984c": "Six of the seven lines of the commuter rail system, Metrolink", "5706111a52bb89140068984d": "Six of the seven lines of the commuter rail system, Metrolink", "5706111a52bb89140068984e": "Six of the seven lines of the commuter rail system, Metrolink", "5706111a52bb89140068984f": "Six of the seven lines of the commuter rail system, Metrolink", "570611c475f01819005e793c": "Los Angeles", "570611c475f01819005e793d": "Long Beach", "570611c475f01819005e793e": "Southern California is also home to the Port of Los Angeles", "5706139252bb891400689864": "The Tech Coast", "5706139252bb891400689865": "The Tech Coast", "5706139252bb891400689866": "5 University of California", "5706139252bb891400689867": "5", "5706139252bb891400689868": "5", "5706143575f01819005e7950": "NFL", "5706143575f01819005e7951": "NFL", "5706143575f01819005e7952": "NFL", "5706143575f01819005e7953": "Los Angeles Kings", "5706143575f01819005e7954": "LA Galaxy", "5706149552bb891400689880": "2014 MLS season", "5706149552bb891400689881": "2005 to 2014, there were two Major League Soccer teams in Los Angeles \u2014 the LA Galaxy", "5706149552bb891400689882": "2005 to 2014, there were two Major League Soccer teams in Los Angeles \u2014 the LA Galaxy", "5706149552bb891400689883": "Chivas USA \u2014 that both played at the StubHub Center", "5706149552bb891400689884": "2014 MLS season, with a second MLS team scheduled to return in 2018", "570614ff52bb89140068988a": "UCLA Bruins", "570614ff52bb89140068988b": "USC Trojans both field teams in NCAA Division I in the Pac-12", "570614ff52bb89140068988c": "UCLA Bruins", "570614ff52bb89140068988d": "UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans both field teams in NCAA Division I in the Pac-12", "570614ff52bb89140068988e": "UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans both field teams in NCAA Division I in the Pac-12", "5706155352bb891400689894": "Rugby", "5706155352bb891400689895": "Rugby", "5706155352bb891400689896": "southern California", "57092322efce8f15003a7db0": "Sky UK Limited", "57092322efce8f15003a7db1": "BSkyB", "57092322efce8f15003a7db2": "2014", "57092322efce8f15003a7db3": "British Sky Broadcasting Group plc", "57092322efce8f15003a7db4": "Sky UK Limited", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc4": "Irish", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc5": "May 2006, the Irish broadcaster Setanta Sports", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc6": "\u00a31.3bn", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc7": "\u00a34.2bn", "57094b4f9928a814004714f6": "ONdigital", "57094b4f9928a814004714f7": "ONdigital", "57094b4f9928a814004714f8": "Sky Three", "57094b4f9928a814004714f9": "Sky Three", "57094b4f9928a814004714fa": "Sky Three", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd6": "no extra charge", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd7": "September 2007", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd8": "no extra charge", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd9": "no extra charge", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dda": "no extra charge", "57094d489928a8140047150a": "VideoGuard pay-TV scrambling system owned by NDS", "57094d489928a8140047150b": "BSkyB utilises the VideoGuard pay-TV scrambling system", "57094d489928a8140047150c": "BSkyB utilises the VideoGuard pay-TV scrambling system owned by NDS, a Cisco Systems company", "57094d489928a8140047150d": "BSkyB", "57094d489928a8140047150e": "Sky+", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dff": "Virgin Media", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dfe": "2007", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e00": "substantially increased the asking price", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e01": "Virgin Media claimed that BSkyB had substantially increased the asking price", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e02": "HD", "570960cf200fba1400367f01": "July 2013", "570960cf200fba1400367f02": "31 July 2013", "570960cf200fba1400367f03": "27 January 2014", "570960cf200fba1400367f04": "OneDrive\" and \"SkyDrive Pro\" becomes \"OneDrive for Business", "570960cf200fba1400367f05": "OneDrive\" and \"SkyDrive Pro\" becomes \"OneDrive for Business", "570961aa200fba1400367f15": "1993", "570961aa200fba1400367f16": "four", "570961aa200fba1400367f17": "2001", "570961aa200fba1400367f18": "Sky", "570961aa200fba1400367f19": "3.5 million", "570963a5200fba1400367f33": "Isleworth", "570963a5200fba1400367f34": "Isleworth", "570963a5200fba1400367f35": "11 million", "570963a5200fba1400367f36": "Freeview", "57096505ed30961900e84082": "Sky Q Hub", "57096505ed30961900e84083": "three", "57096505ed30961900e84084": "Wi-Fi or Power-line connection rather than receive their own satellite feeds.", "57096505ed30961900e84085": "Sky will introduce later in 2016", "57096505ed30961900e84086": "Sky Q", "570966e0200fba1400367f4f": "MPEG-2", "570966e0200fba1400367f50": "Dolby Digital", "570966e0200fba1400367f51": "MPEG-4", "570966e0200fba1400367f52": "OpenTV", "570966e0200fba1400367f53": "MPEG-4", "570967c4ed30961900e840ba": "1998", "570967c4ed30961900e840bb": "1998", "570967c4ed30961900e840bc": "1998", "570967c4ed30961900e840bd": "Sky", "570967c4ed30961900e840be": "28.5\u00b0E", "5709686c200fba1400367f77": "Sky+ HD", "5709686c200fba1400367f78": "40,000", "5709686c200fba1400367f79": "Thomson", "5709686c200fba1400367f7a": "17,000", "5709686c200fba1400367f7b": "4,222,000", "57096b66200fba1400367fa7": "2007", "57096b66200fba1400367fa8": "Virgin Media", "57096b66200fba1400367fa9": "Set", "57096b66200fba1400367faa": "Virgin Media", "57096b66200fba1400367fab": "English Premier League Football), films, entertainment and news", "57096c95200fba1400367fbb": "unencrypted, some are encrypted but do not require a monthly subscription (known as free-to-view", "57096c95200fba1400367fbc": "monthly subscription", "57096c95200fba1400367fbd": "VideoGuard UK equipped receiver (all of which are dedicated to the Sky", "57096c95200fba1400367fbe": "Some broadcasts are free-to-air and unencrypted", "57096c95200fba1400367fbf": "Sky", "57096e1ced30961900e84102": "autumn of 1991", "57096e1ced30961900e84103": "ITV", "57096e1ced30961900e84104": "\u00a318m to \u00a334m", "57096e1ced30961900e84105": "The BBC was given the highlights of most of the matches, while BSkyB paying \u00a3304m", "57096e1ced30961900e84106": "\u00a3304m", "57096f37200fba1400367fe5": "open access being an enforced part of their operating licence from Ofcom", "57096f37200fba1400367fe6": "\u00a315\u2013100,000", "57096f37200fba1400367fe7": "28\u00b0 East", "57096f37200fba1400367fe8": "quality", "57096f37200fba1400367fe9": "open access being an enforced part of their operating licence from Ofcom", "57097051ed30961900e84132": "Sky Digital", "57097051ed30961900e84133": "Sky Digital", "57097051ed30961900e84134": "Open.... now called Sky Active", "57097051ed30961900e84135": "Sky Active", "57097051ed30961900e84136": "100,000", "57097141200fba1400367ff9": "2007", "57097141200fba1400367ffa": "Virgin Media", "57097141200fba1400367ffb": "Video", "57097141200fba1400367ffc": "BBC HD", "57097141200fba1400367ffd": "4", "57097b50200fba140036804d": "10 million", "57097b50200fba140036804e": "25", "57097b50200fba140036804f": "August 2004", "57097b50200fba1400368050": "36% of households in the UK represented an audience of more than 25m people. The target was first announced in August 2004", "57097b50200fba1400368051": "2.4m customers had subscribed to BSkyB's direct-to-home service", "57097c8fed30961900e841f2": "Conservative MP Alec Shelbrooke was proposing the payments of benefits and tax credits on a \"Welfare Cash Card", "57097c8fed30961900e841f3": "essentials", "57097c8fed30961900e841f4": "sports channels", "57097c8fed30961900e841f5": "Daily Mail", "57097c8fed30961900e841f6": "The Daily Mail newspaper reported in 2012", "57097d63ed30961900e841fc": "\u00a330m", "57097d63ed30961900e841fd": "BSkyB", "57097d63ed30961900e841fe": "Virgin Media", "57097d63ed30961900e841ff": "both BSkyB", "57097d63ed30961900e84200": "Virgin Media", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3d": "product", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3e": "second", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3f": "fourth", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c40": "second", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c41": "Melbourne Cricket Ground", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c47": "Chinese", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c48": "New South Wales. However, there was a riot at Buckland Valley near Bright in 1857", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c49": "Buckland Valley", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4a": "1,000", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4b": "cramped and unsanitary", "570d26efb3d812140066d48f": "44", "570d26efb3d812140066d490": "44", "570d26efb3d812140066d491": "five", "570d26efb3d812140066d492": "44", "570d26efb3d812140066d493": "44", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a3": "Labor", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a4": "The Nationals", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a5": "The Nationals", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a6": "The Nationals", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a7": "Bend", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bd": "Roman Catholics", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4be": "Roman Catholics form the single largest religious group in the state with 26.7%", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bf": "Buddhism is the state's largest non-Christian religion, with 168,637", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c0": "168,637", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c1": "Buddhism is the state's largest non-Christian religion, with 168,637", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c93": "south-east", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c94": "south-east", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c95": "south-east", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c96": "Melbourne", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c97": "Victoria (abbreviated as Vic) is a state in the south-east", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca7": "the Koori", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca8": "1788", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca9": "1803", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45caa": "1803 at Sullivan Bay", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45cab": "1803 at Sullivan Bay", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbb": "west", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbc": "west", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbd": "grain", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbe": "90%", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbf": "121,200 tonnes of pears and 270,000", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45ccf": "Victorian Constitution can be amended by the Parliament of Victoria, except for certain \"entrenched\" provisions that require either an absolute majority", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd0": "1855 colonial constitution", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd1": "Victoria", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd2": "Victorian Constitution can be amended by the Parliament of Victoria", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd3": "Victorian Constitution can be amended by the Parliament of Victoria", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce3": "Hopetoun", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce4": "Hopetoun", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce5": "Hopetoun", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce6": "Hopetoun", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce7": "2009", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d01": "the Victoria Department of Education", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d02": "the Victoria Department of Education", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d03": "the Victoria Department of Education", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d04": "the Victoria Department of Education", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d05": "the Victoria Department of Education", "570d3468b3d812140066d543": "Geelong", "570d3468b3d812140066d544": "Geelong", "570d3468b3d812140066d545": "May 2013", "570d3468b3d812140066d546": "Geelong", "570d3468b3d812140066d547": "Geelong", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54d": "Mount Bogong", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54e": "Mount Bogong", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54f": "6,516 ft", "570d35b7b3d812140066d550": "Murray River system", "570d35b7b3d812140066d551": "the pink heath (state flower), Leadbeater's possum (state animal) and the helmeted honeyeater", "570d391fb3d812140066d575": "The Victorian Alps", "570d391fb3d812140066d576": "Great Dividing Range", "570d391fb3d812140066d577": "Great Dividing Range", "570d391fb3d812140066d578": "eo", "570d391fb3d812140066d579": "Falls Creek", "570d4030fed7b91900d45d9f": "government-owned lines. Major operators include: Metro Trains Melbourne", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da0": "Great Southern Rail which operates The Overland Melbourne\u2014Adelaide; and NSW TrainLink", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da1": "Victorian Government", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da2": "Australia", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da3": "electrified", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbd": "37", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbe": "37", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbf": "the Legislative Assembly (the lower house) and the Legislative Council", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc0": "the Legislative Assembly (the lower house) and the Legislative Council", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc1": "Linda Dessau", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd7": "1", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd8": "Bendigo", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd9": "Ballarat, and subsequently at Bendigo. Later discoveries occurred at many sites across Victoria.", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dda": "76,000 to 540,000", "570d4329fed7b91900d45ddb": "20 million", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fd": "1,548", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fe": "1,548 public schools, 489", "570d44abb3d812140066d5ff": "1,548 public schools, 489 Catholic schools and 214 independent schools. Just under 540,800", "570d44abb3d812140066d600": "63,519", "570d44abb3d812140066d601": "61 per cent", "570d4606b3d812140066d619": "Victoria", "570d4606b3d812140066d61a": "Victoria", "570d4606b3d812140066d61b": "60% of Australia's 3 million", "570d4606b3d812140066d61c": "two-thirds", "570d4606b3d812140066d61d": "Blacklipped abalone", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62d": "broad", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62e": "4 ft 8 1\u20442 in) standard gauge", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62f": "broad", "570d47b8b3d812140066d630": "mountainous", "570d47b8b3d812140066d631": "Two tourist railways operate over 760 mm (2 ft 6 in", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e13": "1788", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e14": "New South Wales", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e15": "New South Wales", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e16": "Sydney", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e31": "1854 at Ballarat there was an armed rebellion against the government of Victoria by miners protesting against mining taxes (the \"Eureka Stockade", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e33": "1854 at Ballarat there was an armed rebellion against the government of Victoria by miners protesting against mining taxes (the \"Eureka Stockade", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e32": "1854 at Ballarat there was an armed rebellion against the government of Victoria by miners protesting against mining taxes (the \"Eureka Stockade", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e34": "British troops, but the discontents prompted colonial authorities to reform the administration (particularly reducing the hated mining licence fees) and extend the franchise", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e35": "1855", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66d": "Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66e": "Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66f": "Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d670": "Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d671": "Daniel Andrews", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7d": "$8.7 billion", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7e": "$8.7 billion", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7f": "8.7 billion. This represented 24% of national agricultural production total gross value. As of 2004, an estimated 32,463", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e80": "136,000 square kilometres (52,500 sq mi) of Victorian land. This comprises more than 60%", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e81": "136,000 square kilometres (52,500 sq mi) of Victorian land. This comprises more than 60%", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bb": "Melbourne", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bc": "Melbourne", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bd": "Melbourne", "570d529fb3d812140066d6be": "Melbourne", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bf": "Melbourne", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699e": "southern and central parts", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699f": "million", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a0": "intermittently from 1562 to 1598", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a1": "1562 to 1598. The wars finally ended with the granting of the Edict of Nantes", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a2": "Nantes", "57106185b654c5140001f8db": "Besan\u00e7on Hugues (died 1532)", "57106185b654c5140001f8dd": "Geneva", "57106185b654c5140001f8dc": "Besan\u00e7on Hugues", "57106185b654c5140001f8de": "Besan\u00e7on Hugues", "57106185b654c5140001f8df": "Besan\u00e7on Hugues (died 1532)", "57106644b654c5140001f8e5": "the Bible", "57106644b654c5140001f8e6": "1294, a French version of the Scriptures was prepared by the Roman Catholic priest, Guyard de Moulin", "57106644b654c5140001f8e7": "1294, a French version of the Scriptures was prepared by the Roman Catholic priest, Guyard de Moulin", "57106644b654c5140001f8e8": "two-volume illustrated folio paraphrase version based on his manuscript, by Jean de R\u00e9ly", "57106644b654c5140001f8e9": "two-volume illustrated folio paraphrase version based on his manuscript, by Jean de R\u00e9ly, was printed in Paris", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8ef": "Montpellier", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f0": "Montpellier", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f2": "Montpellier was among the most important of the 66 \"villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9\" that the Edict of 1598", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f1": "royal army", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f3": "1629", "571077ecb654c5140001f909": "Cape Town", "571077ecb654c5140001f90a": "Cape Town", "571077ecb654c5140001f90b": "Maria de la Queillerie", "571077ecb654c5140001f90c": "Cape Town", "571077ecb654c5140001f90d": "Cape Town", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ca": "Jess\u00e9 de Forest, sailed to North America in 1624", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cb": "Jess\u00e9 de Forest", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cc": "1624", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cd": "1624", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ce": "Jess\u00e9 de Forest", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69df": "Charleston", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e1": "Charleston, South Carolina", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e2": "1685", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e0": "British Crown", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69de": "Charleston, South Carolina", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e8": "William III of Orange", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e9": "Augsburg", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ea": "League of Augsburg", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69eb": "Dutch Republic", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ec": "1672", "57107d73b654c5140001f91d": "Louis XIV", "57107d73b654c5140001f91e": "Louis XIV, who progressively increased persecution of them until he issued the Edict of Fontainebleau", "57107d73b654c5140001f91f": "Louis XIV, who progressively increased persecution of them until he issued the Edict of Fontainebleau (1685", "57107d73b654c5140001f920": "500,000", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f2": "The Catholic Church in France", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f3": "St. Bartholomew's Day massacre", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f4": "St. Bartholomew's Day massacre", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f5": "France", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f6": "St. Bartholomew's Day", "57108073b654c5140001f927": "the French Crown", "57108073b654c5140001f926": "1620", "57108073b654c5140001f928": "1620", "57108073b654c5140001f929": "1620", "57108073b654c5140001f925": "1620", "57108198b654c5140001f937": "one million", "57108198b654c5140001f938": "one million", "57108198b654c5140001f939": "one million", "57108198b654c5140001f93a": "Alsace", "57108198b654c5140001f93b": "French Australians still considers itself Huguenot", "57108c95b654c5140001f979": "21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle", "57108c95b654c5140001f97a": "three societies or congregations; one in the city of New York, another 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle", "57108c95b654c5140001f97b": "The \"Huguenot Street", "57108c95b654c5140001f97c": "The \"Huguenot Street", "57108c95b654c5140001f97d": "Harbor", "57108d69b654c5140001f983": "Dutch Republic", "57108d69b654c5140001f984": "75,000 to 100,000 people. Amongst them were 200 clergy", "57108d69b654c5140001f985": "ca. 2 million", "57108d69b654c5140001f986": "Dutch Republic in 1715", "57108d69b654c5140001f987": "Dutch Republic", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1a": "n", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1b": "Huguon", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1c": "King Hugo", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1d": "the pr\u00e9tendus r\u00e9form\u00e9s", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1e": "the pr\u00e9tendus r\u00e9form\u00e9s", "571090abb654c5140001f995": "Canterbury includes a block of houses in Turnagain Lane", "571090abb654c5140001f996": "The Weavers, a half-timbered house by the river", "571090abb654c5140001f997": "Walloons", "571090abb654c5140001f998": "Walloons", "571090abb654c5140001f999": "river", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a41": "D'Olier Street", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a40": "Dublin", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a42": "Dublin", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a43": "Dublin", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a44": "1696", "57109275b654c5140001f99f": "The exodus of Huguenots", "57109275b654c5140001f9a0": "Huguenots", "57109275b654c5140001f9a1": "non-Catholics", "57109275b654c5140001f9a2": "Huguenots", "57109275b654c5140001f9a3": "many participated in the British defeat of New France in 1759-60", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5c": "1598, when Henry of Navarre", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5d": "1598, when Henry of Navarre", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5e": "Nantes", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5f": "Nantes", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a60": "1598, when Henry of Navarre", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a66": "Protestant services, required education of children as Catholics, and prohibited emigration. It proved disastrous to the Huguenots", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a67": "Protestant services, required education of children as Catholics, and prohibited emigration. It proved disastrous to the Huguenots", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a68": "Four thousand", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a69": "Catholics and were called \"new converts\"", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a6a": "Four thousand", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a76": "Brazil in 1555", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a77": "Fort Coligny", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a78": "Fort Coligny", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a79": "Portuguese", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a7a": "Guanabara Confession of Faith", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a86": "Afrikaans-speaking", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a87": "wine industry in South Africa owes a significant debt to the Huguenots", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a88": "wine industry in South Africa owes a significant debt to the Huguenots", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a89": "The wine industry in South Africa owes a significant debt to the Huguenots", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a98": "Jack Jouett", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a99": "Henry Laurens, who signed the Articles of Confederation for South Carolina", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9a": "Charleston, South Carolina", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9b": "The Huguenot Society of America maintains Manakin Episcopal Church", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9c": "Texas", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab2": "Some Huguenots", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab3": "Bucks Point", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab4": "twenty-five widows who settled in Dover", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab5": "Bedfordshire", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b3": "two new neighbourhoods: Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b4": "one-fifth", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b5": "the French language", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b6": "Napoleon in 1806-07", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b7": "Several", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b26": "Elector Frederick William", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b27": "a regional group known as the Camisards", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b28": "the Camisards", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b29": "1709", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b2a": "1702 and 1709", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b30": "Jacksonville", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b31": "Fort Caroline", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b32": "Jacksonville", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b33": "Caroline", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b34": "Caroline on the banks of the St. Johns River in what is today Jacksonville, Florida", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa17": "Charlesfort", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa18": "St. Augustine near Fort Caroline", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa19": "Caroline", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1a": "Charlesfort", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1b": "outpost of Charlesfort on Parris Island, South Carolina", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3a": "Virginia", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3b": "Virginia", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3c": "Virginia", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3d": "Chesterfield", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3e": "Virginia", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2b": "William the Silent", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2c": "William the Silent", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2d": "William the Silent", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2e": "William the Silent", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2f": "William the Silent", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b60": "Ireland", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b61": "1708", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b62": "50,000", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b63": "Andrew Lortie", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b64": "the Pope", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b72": "William of Orange", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b73": "William of Orange", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b74": "Dublin", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b75": "Smaller settlements, which included Killeshandra in County Cavan, contributed to the expansion of flax cultivation and the growth of the Irish linen industry", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b76": "Dublin", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa45": "Count Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbr\u00fccken to establish a Huguenot community in present-day Saarland in 1604", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa46": "Count Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbr\u00fccken to establish a Huguenot community in present-day Saarland in 1604", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa47": "Prince Louis de Cond\u00e9", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa48": "1890s", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa49": "Prince Louis de Cond\u00e9", "5711119cb654c5140001fae3": "they", "5711119cb654c5140001fae4": "they were accepted and allowed to worship freely", "5711119cb654c5140001fae6": "they", "5711119cb654c5140001fae5": "freely", "5711119cb654c5140001fae7": "ot", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcc": "king of France", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcd": "Janet Gray", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bce": "Janet Gray", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcf": "hypothesis", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bd0": "Hugues hypothesis", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd6": "Gallican Roman Catholics", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd7": "Catholics", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd8": "professor at the University of Paris", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd9": "William Farel was a student of Lefevre who went on to become a leader of the Swiss Reformation, establishing a Protestant government in Geneva", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bda": "professor", "57111428b654c5140001faff": "St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre of 24 August \u2013 3 October 1572, Catholics killed thousands of Huguenots in Paris.", "57111428b654c5140001fb00": "Paris", "57111428b654c5140001fb01": "3,000", "57111428b654c5140001fb02": "157", "57111429b654c5140001fb03": "almost 25,000", "571114cfb654c5140001fb09": "Louis XIV", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0a": "Louis XIV", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0b": "Louis XIV", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0c": "Louis XIV", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0d": "military troops", "5711163bb654c5140001fb13": "Westchester", "5711163bb654c5140001fb14": "New Rochelle", "5711163bb654c5140001fb15": "England", "5711163bb654c5140001fb16": "Westchester", "5711163bb654c5140001fb17": "stone", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c00": "The Huguenots adapted quickly and often married outside their immediate French communities, which led to their assimilation.", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c01": "French", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c02": "E.I. du Pont", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c03": "nineteenth", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c04": "E.I. du Pont, a former student of Lavoisier", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0a": "Pierre Bayle", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0b": "Rotterdam", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0c": "Rotterdam, where he finished writing and publishing his multi-volume masterpiece, Historical and Critical Dictionary", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0d": "US Library of Congress", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0e": "Nicolas", "57111992b654c5140001fb43": "1724", "57111992b654c5140001fb44": "Royal Charter in 1550", "57111992b654c5140001fb45": "The French Protestant Church of London was established by Royal Charter in 1550. It is now located at Soho Square", "57111992b654c5140001fb46": "Shoreditch, London", "57111992b654c5140001fb47": "Black Eagle", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3c": "1685", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3d": "the Church of St. Peter and St. Paul, Angerm\u00fcnde", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3e": "Potsdam", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3f": "the Church of St. Peter and St. Paul, Angerm\u00fcnde", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c40": "1685", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c50": "Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c51": "Theodor Fontane", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c52": "Theodor Fontane, General Hermann von Fran\u00e7ois, the hero of the First World War Battle of Tannenberg, Luftwaffe General and fighter ace Adolf Galland", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c53": "Lothar de Maizi\u00e8re, is also a descendant of a Huguenot family, as is the German Federal Minister of the Interior", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c54": "Interior", "57112686b654c5140001fbd3": "Rankine cycle", "57112686b654c5140001fbd4": "the Rankine cycle", "57112686b654c5140001fbd5": "the Rankine cycle", "57112686b654c5140001fbd6": "high pressure", "57112686b654c5140001fbd7": "Rankine cycle", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb2": "atmospheric", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb3": "Thomas Newcomen around 1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb4": "Thomas Newcomen around 1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb5": "atmospheric engine, invented by Thomas Newcomen around 1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb6": "atmospheric", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc4": "Richard Trevithick", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc5": "21 February 1804", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc6": "21 February 1804", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc7": "Abercynon in south Wales", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc8": "south", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0e": "a water pump", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0f": "multi-stage centrifugal", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d10": "1850s", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d11": "1850s", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d12": "an injector, which uses a steam jet usually supplied from the boiler. Injectors became popular in the 1850s", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d18": "multiple expansion engine. Such engines use either three or four", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d19": "triple", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1a": "multiple expansion engine. Such engines use either three or four", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1b": "multiple expansion engine. Such engines use either three or four", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1c": "Olympic class", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d22": "variable cutoff expansion valve riding on the back of the main slide valve; the latter usually had fixed or limited cutoff. The combined setup", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d23": "Joy", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d24": "exhaust side remains open for a longer period", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc1f": "Lead fusible plugs", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc20": "temperature of the firebox crown increases", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc21": "drops", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc22": "suppress", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc23": "Lead fusible plugs may be present in the crown of the boiler's firebox. If the water level drops", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d28": "James Watt", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d29": "ten", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2a": "ten", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2b": "ten", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2c": "stationary steam engine was a key component of the Industrial Revolution", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d32": "the first century AD", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d33": "the aeolipile described by Greek mathematician Hero of Alexandria", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d34": "mathematician", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d35": "Giovanni Branca", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d36": "Giovanni Branca", "57113f83b654c5140001fc29": "compound", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2a": "expansions", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2b": "expansions", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2d": "compound", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2c": "expansion", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5a": "turbines", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5b": "late part of the 19th century.", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5c": "several hundred", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5d": "90%", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5e": "90%", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6e": "various sources", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6f": "closed space", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d70": "solar energy or waste heat from an internal combustion engine or industrial process", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d71": "the heat source", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d80": "the steam engine indicator", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d81": "1851", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d82": "Charles Porter", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d83": "Charles Richard", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d84": "Charles Richard", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8a": "4-cylinder compound, the individual pistons within the group are usually balanced at 180\u00b0", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8b": "180\u00b0", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8c": "double expansion group is duplicated, producing a 4-cylinder compound, the individual pistons within the group are usually balanced at 180\u00b0", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3d": "counterflow), entering and exhausting from the cylinder by the same port", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3e": "the steam reverses its direction of flow at each stroke (counterflow", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3f": "one", "5711488ab654c5140001fc40": "four events \u2013 admission, expansion, exhaust, compression", "5711488ab654c5140001fc41": "four", "57114aceb654c5140001fc47": "Quasiturbine", "57114aceb654c5140001fc48": "counterflow", "57114aceb654c5140001fc49": "difficulties", "57114b1a2419e31400955575": "oscillating cylinder steam engine is a variant of the simple expansion steam engine which does not require valves to direct steam into and out of the cylinder", "57114b1a2419e31400955576": "trunnion", "57114b1a2419e31400955577": "simplicity", "57114b1a2419e31400955578": "ships", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a53": "Mercury", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a54": "water", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a55": "Low boiling hydrocarbons can be used in a binary cycle", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a56": "Mercury", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5b": "the working fluid", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5c": "low turbine entry temperature", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5d": "stainless steel", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5f": "63%", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5e": "30 \u00b0C", "57114f0050c2381900b54a65": "Steam engines", "57114f0050c2381900b54a66": "Stanley Steamer", "57114f0050c2381900b54a67": "Stanley Steamer", "57114f0050c2381900b54a68": "Stanley Steamer", "57114f0050c2381900b54a69": "increase in the land available for cultivation", "571153422419e3140095557d": "Catch", "571153422419e3140095557e": "twin-cylinder locomotive Salamanca by Matthew Murray", "571153422419e3140095557f": "twin-cylinder locomotive Salamanca by Matthew Murray", "571153422419e31400955580": "Matthew Murray", "571153422419e31400955581": "Stockton and Darlington", "5711541350c2381900b54a6f": "Arthur Woolf", "5711541350c2381900b54a70": "British engineer Arthur Woolf, who patented his Woolf high-pressure compound engine", "5711541350c2381900b54a71": "the", "5711541350c2381900b54a72": "a larger cylinder volume", "571154c72419e31400955587": "80%", "571154c72419e31400955588": "80%", "571154c72419e31400955589": "80%", "571154c72419e3140095558a": "80%", "571154c72419e3140095558b": "Turbinia", "571155ae2419e31400955591": "The Rankine cycle", "571155ae2419e31400955592": "a condenser", "571155ae2419e31400955593": "about 90%", "571155ae2419e31400955594": "The Rankine cycle", "571155ae2419e31400955595": "The Rankine cycle", "571156152419e3140095559b": "duty", "571156152419e3140095559f": "25 million", "571156152419e3140095559e": "7 million", "571156152419e3140095559d": "94 pounds) of coal. The best examples of Newcomen designs had a duty of about 7 million", "571156152419e3140095559c": "Watt", "57115ac550c2381900b54a77": "turbine", "57115ac550c2381900b54a78": "turbine", "57115ac550c2381900b54a79": "turbine", "57115ac550c2381900b54a7a": "turbine", "57115b2850c2381900b54a7f": "a water pump", "57115b2850c2381900b54a80": "a water pump", "57115b2850c2381900b54a81": "a water pump", "57115b2850c2381900b54a82": "Thomas", "57115b2850c2381900b54a83": "John Smeaton", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a89": "1802", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8a": "Oliver Evans", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8b": "1802", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8c": "transport", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8d": "high-pressure", "57115bf350c2381900b54a93": "Energiprojekt AB", "57115bf350c2381900b54a94": "Sweden", "57115bf350c2381900b54a95": "Sweden", "57115bf350c2381900b54a96": "approx. 4 kg (8.8 lb) of steam per kWh", "57115bf350c2381900b54a97": "some 27-30%", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9d": "surface condensers", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9e": "dry type cooling tower is similar to an automobile radiator", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9f": "CHP", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa0": "dry type cooling tower is similar to an automobile radiator", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa1": "about", "57115dbe2419e314009555a5": "James Watt", "57115dbe2419e314009555a6": "James Watt", "57115dbe2419e314009555a7": "James Watt", "57115dbe2419e314009555a8": "James Watt", "57115dbe2419e314009555a9": "James Watt", "57115e532419e314009555af": "1880", "57115e532419e314009555b0": "limited space afforded by the loading gauge (particularly in Britain, where compounding was never common and not employed after 1930", "57115e532419e314009555b1": "complicated", "57115e532419e314009555b2": "1930", "57115e532419e314009555b3": "1880", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa7": "gradually \"shortening the cutoff", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa8": "kick back", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa9": "the totality", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aaa": "fixed length", "57115f652419e314009555b9": "1606", "57115f652419e314009555ba": "Spanish", "57115f652419e314009555bb": "Spanish inventor Jer\u00f3nimo de Ayanz y Beaumont obtained the first patent for a steam engine in 1606", "57115f652419e314009555bc": "Thomas Newcomen", "57115f652419e314009555bd": "1712", "57115ff82419e314009555c3": "The stator consists of a similar, but fixed, series of blades that serve to redirect", "57115ff82419e314009555c4": "one or more", "57115ff82419e314009555c5": "The stator consists of a similar, but fixed, series of blades", "57115ff82419e314009555c6": "The stator consists of a similar, but fixed, series of blades", "57115ff82419e314009555c7": "3600 revolutions per minute", "5711607f2419e314009555cd": "lower", "5711607f2419e314009555ce": "electric motors", "5711607f2419e314009555cf": "steam", "5711607f2419e314009555d0": "Advanced Steam movement", "5711607f2419e314009555d1": "Recent concerns about fuel sources and pollution", "571161092419e314009555d7": "Wankel engine in place of the cylinders and valve gear of a conventional reciprocating steam engine.", "571161092419e314009555d8": "Wankel engine in place of the cylinders and valve gear", "571161092419e314009555d9": "tight", "5711619950c2381900b54aaf": "James", "5711619950c2381900b54ab0": "James", "5711619950c2381900b54ab1": "half", "5711619950c2381900b54ab2": "half as much coal", "5711619950c2381900b54ab3": "James Watt", "5711623e50c2381900b54ab9": "two independent mechanisms for ensuring that the pressure", "5711623e50c2381900b54aba": "One end of the lever carried a weight or spring", "5711623e50c2381900b54abb": "drivers", "5711623e50c2381900b54abc": "high", "5711623e50c2381900b54abd": "many accidents", "5711628a2419e314009555dd": "Corliss", "5711628a2419e314009555de": "1849", "5711628a2419e314009555e1": "30%", "5711628a2419e314009555df": "four", "5711628a2419e314009555e0": "Rumford medal", "571163172419e314009555e7": "Rankine cycle", "571163172419e314009555e8": "Watt", "571163172419e314009555e9": "Joseph Black", "571163172419e314009555ea": "Joseph Black", "571163172419e314009555eb": "latent heat", "5711648850c2381900b54ac3": "condensing the fluid, the work required by the pump consumes only 1% to 3%", "5711648850c2381900b54ac4": "little work is required to drive the pump, the working fluid being in its liquid phase", "5711648850c2381900b54ac5": "condensing the fluid, the work required by the pump consumes only 1% to 3%", "5711648850c2381900b54ac6": "1500 \u00b0C", "5711651050c2381900b54acb": "an injector", "5711651050c2381900b54acc": "pumps", "5711651050c2381900b54acd": "pumps", "5711651050c2381900b54ace": "fuel from a supply bin (bunker", "5711651050c2381900b54acf": "chain or screw stoking mechanism and its drive engine or motor may be included to move the fuel from a supply bin", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad5": "much of their steam, as feed water", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad6": "British invention steam turbine where speed", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad7": "speed", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad8": "speed", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad9": "1905", "571166352419e314009555f1": "the steam drives a turbo generator set with propulsion provided by electric motors", "571166352419e314009555f2": "electric motors", "571166352419e314009555f3": "the steam drives a turbo generator set with propulsion provided by electric motors", "571166352419e314009555f4": "the steam", "571166352419e314009555f5": "Sweden", "5711669550c2381900b54adf": "isobaric (constant pressure) processes in the Rankine cycle and isothermal (constant temperature", "5711669550c2381900b54ae0": "isobaric (constant pressure", "5711669550c2381900b54ae1": "constant pressure", "5711669550c2381900b54ae2": "iso", "5711669550c2381900b54ae3": "a pump", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbd": "8", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbe": "mass", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc0": "two", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc1": "silicon dioxide, making up almost half of the crust's mass", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbf": "Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O", "571bb2269499d21900609ca9": "20.8%", "571bb2269499d21900609caa": "silicon dioxide", "571bb2269499d21900609cab": "8", "571bb2269499d21900609cad": "Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O", "571bb2269499d21900609cac": "Oxygen is the most abundant element by mass in the Earth's crust", "571c3a685efbb31900334db2": "8", "571c3a685efbb31900334db3": "chalcogen group", "571c3a685efbb31900334db4": "mass", "571c3a685efbb31900334db5": "mass", "571c3a685efbb31900334db6": "temperature and pressure", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94a": "photosynthesis", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94b": "sunlight", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94c": "Oxygen", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09c": "oxygen", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09d": "water", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09e": "Oxygen is used in cellular respiration and released by photosynthesis", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09f": "Oxygen", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c0a0": "it is a part of water", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd5": "Robert Boyle", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd6": "John Mayow", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd7": "nitroaereus", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd8": "English chemist", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a6": "John Mayow (1641\u20131679) refined this work by showing that fire requires only a part of air that he called spiritus nitroaereus", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a7": "English chemist", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a8": "17th", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a9": "English chemist", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0aa": "John Mayow (1641\u20131679) refined this work by showing that fire requires only a part of air that he called spiritus nitroaereus", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a958": "1775", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a959": "1774, an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95b": "HgO)", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95a": "mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b0": "1774, an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b1": "dephlogisticated air", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b2": "1775", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b3": "mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b4": "dephlogisticated air", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdd": "the 2nd century BCE Greek writer on mechanics", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fde": "Philo", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdf": "2nd century BCE", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fe0": "the 2nd century BCE Greek writer on mechanics", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0ba": "Philo", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bb": "Pneumatica", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bc": "Pneumatica", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bd": "Pneumatica", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0be": "a portion of air is consumed during combustion and respiration", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a960": "Highly", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a961": "Oxygen", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a962": "chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a963": "Oxygen", "571cebc05efbb31900334e49": "Oxygen", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4a": "Highly concentrated sources of oxygen promote rapid combustion", "571cebc05efbb31900334e48": "Highly concentrated sources of oxygen promote rapid combustion", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4b": "Highly concentrated", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4c": "Oxygen", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a968": "fire", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a969": "Concentrated O\n2", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96a": "1\u20443", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96b": "rapidly", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a0": "O\n2", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a1": "O\n2", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a2": "gas", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a4": "Apollo 1", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe6": "magnesium and iron", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe7": "carbon dioxide", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe5": "The Earth's mantle", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3e": "carbon dioxide", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3f": "silicon", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e40": "mantle", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e41": "much larger mass", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e42": "oxygen compounds, in particular various complex silicates (in silicate minerals). The Earth's mantle", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c4": "ic", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c5": "John Dalton's original atomic hypothesis assumed that all elements were monatomic", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c6": "HO", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c7": "1805", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c8": "s law", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0ce": "phlogiston", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0cf": "phlogiston; whereas non-combustible substances that corrode, such as iron", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d0": "phlogiston", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d1": "metals, too, gain weight in rusting (when they were supposedly losing phlogiston", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d2": "phlogiston", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d8": "The bond can be variously described based on level of theory", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d9": "two", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0da": "sequential", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0db": "chemically", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0dc": "molecular orbitals formed from the atomic orbitals of the individual oxygen atoms, the filling of which results in a bond order of two", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e2": "Uppsala, in 1773", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e3": "1777", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e4": "1777", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e5": "1777", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e6": "1777", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ec": "two", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ed": "triplet oxygen", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ee": "triplet electronic ground state", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ef": "unpaired electrons, triplet oxygen reacts only slowly with most organic molecules, which have paired electron spins", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0f0": "antibonding", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f6": "1777", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f7": "weight", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f8": "the tin had increased in weight", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f9": "1777", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0fa": "part of the trapped air had been consumed. He also noted that the tin had increased in weight", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c100": "Trioxygen (O\n3) is usually known as ozone", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c101": "Trioxygen (O\n3) is usually known as ozone and is a very reactive allotrope of oxygen that is damaging to lung tissue", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c102": "Trioxygen (O\n3) is usually known as ozone and is a very reactive allotrope of oxygen that is damaging to lung tissue", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c103": "upper atmosphere", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c104": "upper atmosphere", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10a": "dioxygen, O\n2. It is the form that is a major part of the Earth's atmosphere", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10b": "dioxygen, O\n2", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10c": "dioxygen, O\n2. It is the form", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10d": "dioxygen, O\n2", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10e": "its energy content, O2", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c114": "James Dewar", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c115": "1891", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c116": "1895 by German engineer Carl von Linde", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c118": "oxyacetylene", "571c96095efbb31900334dbc": "Oxygen", "571c96095efbb31900334dbd": "temperature", "571c96095efbb31900334dbe": "twice", "571c96095efbb31900334dbf": "about twice", "571c96095efbb31900334dc0": "twice", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11e": "49.2%", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11f": "third", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c120": "About 0.9%", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c121": "49.2%", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c122": "ultraviolet radiation", "571caac55efbb31900334dc6": "Swiss chemist and physicist Raoul Pierre Pictet", "571caac55efbb31900334dc7": "Swiss chemist and physicist Raoul Pierre Pictet", "571caac55efbb31900334dc8": "Swiss chemist and physicist Raoul Pierre Pictet", "571caac55efbb31900334dc9": "Swiss chemist and physicist Raoul Pierre Pictet", "571caac55efbb31900334dca": "Swiss chemist and physicist Raoul Pierre Pictet", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd0": "reference values for the isotope ratios in the Sun, believed to be the same as those of the primordial solar nebula", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd1": "oxygen-16", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd2": "Genesis", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd3": "higher", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd4": "higher", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c128": "Single", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c129": "It is much more reactive towards common organic molecules", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12a": "water", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12b": "osphere", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12c": "Carotenoids", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c132": "Paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c133": "oxygen isotope ratio cycle", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c134": "12", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c135": "Paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c136": "oxygen isotope ratio cycle", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13c": "687 and 760 nm", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13d": "low signal-to-noise ratio and the physical structure of vegetation", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13e": "Oxygen presents two spectrophotometric absorption bands peaking at the wavelengths 687 and 760 nm", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13f": "low signal-to-noise ratio", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c140": "687 and 760 nm", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c146": "the triplet form, O\n2 molecules are paramagnetic", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c147": "Liquid oxygen is attracted to a magnet to a sufficient extent that, in laboratory demonstrations, a bridge of liquid oxygen", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c148": "the spin magnetic moments of the unpaired electrons", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c149": "magnetic", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c14a": "a magnet to a sufficient extent", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dda": "superoxide ion (O\u2212\n2) and hydrogen peroxide (H\n2O\n2), are dangerous", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddb": "Reactive oxygen species", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddc": "pathogen attack", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddd": "superoxide ion (O\u2212\n2) and hydrogen peroxide (H\n2O\n2)", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dde": "2.5 billion years ago", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de4": "90.20 K", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de5": "High-purity liquid O\n2 is usually obtained by the fractional distillation of liquefied air", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de6": "High-purity liquid O\n2 is usually obtained by the fractional distillation of liquefied air", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de7": "liquid nitrogen", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de8": "It", "571cc8815efbb31900334dee": "Scientists assess this aspect of water quality by measuring the water's biochemical oxygen demand", "571cc8815efbb31900334def": "lower temperatures", "571cc8815efbb31900334df0": "higher oxygen content", "571cc8815efbb31900334df2": "plant nutrients such as nitrates or phosphates may stimulate growth of algae", "571cc8815efbb31900334df1": "measuring the water's biochemical oxygen demand", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c150": "Free oxygen gas was almost nonexistent in Earth's atmosphere before photosynthetic archaea and bacteria", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c151": "Paleoproterozoic eon (between 3.0 and 2.3 billion years ago", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c152": "banded iron formations", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c153": "1.7 billion years ago", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c154": "free oxygen began to outgas from the oceans 3\u20132.7 billion years ago", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15a": "oxygen cycle", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15b": "photosynthesis", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15c": "photosynthesis", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15d": "photosynthesis, which is responsible for modern Earth's atmosphere", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15e": "oxygen", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df8": "nitrogen gas is released from the other nitrogen-saturated zeolite bed", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df9": "nitrogen gas is released from the other nitrogen-saturated zeolite bed", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfa": "nitrogen", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfb": "Oxygen gas is increasingly obtained by these non-cryogenic technologies (see also the related vacuum swing adsorption", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfc": "%", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c164": "2:1", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c165": "2:1", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c166": "2:1", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c167": "2:1", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c168": "2:1", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16e": "Oxygen", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16f": "pharmacological effect is doubtful; a placebo effect", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c170": "oxygen masks in order to get a \"boost\" in performance", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c172": "pharmacological effect is doubtful; a placebo effect", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c171": "enriched O\n2 mixtures", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e03": "bends", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e04": "O\n2", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e05": "bacteria", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e06": "Increasing", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17b": "oxygen supplementation", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17a": "oxygen levels", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c179": "oxygen supplementation is used in medicine. Treatment not only increases oxygen levels", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c178": "O\n2 from the air", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17c": "increases oxygen levels", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c182": "its electronegativity", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c183": "its electronegativity", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c184": "FeO", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c185": "its electronegativity", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c186": "thin film of oxide that passivates the metal and slows further corrosion", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18d": "O\n2 automatically supplied to them in case of cabin depressurization", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18e": "flow", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18f": "Sudden cabin pressure loss", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c190": "O\n2", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c196": "high", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c198": "heat exchangers", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c197": "heat exchangers", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c199": "Oxygen is also stored and shipped in smaller cylinders containing the compressed gas", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c19a": "heat exchangers", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0c": "the oxygen atom is part of a ring of three atoms.", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0d": "the", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0e": "Acetone ((CH\n3)\n2CO) and phenol (C\n6H\n5OH)", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0f": "the", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e10": "the oxygen atom is part of a ring of three atoms.", "571cde695efbb31900334e16": "The element is found in almost all biomolecules that are important to (or generated by) life.", "571cde695efbb31900334e17": "squalene and the carotenes", "571cde695efbb31900334e18": "carbohydrates", "571cde695efbb31900334e19": "oxygen", "571cde695efbb31900334e1a": "bones as calcium phosphate and hydroxylapatite", "571ce3745efbb31900334e20": "21% O\n2 at 66 m or more of depth", "571ce3745efbb31900334e21": "160 kPa (about 1.6 atm", "571ce3745efbb31900334e22": "60 kPa can eventually lead to permanent pulmonary fibrosis", "571ce3745efbb31900334e23": "seizures", "571ce3745efbb31900334e24": "seizures", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2a": "low total pressures", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2b": "30 kPa", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2c": "30 kPa", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2e": "low total pressures", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2d": "low total pressures", "571ce6655efbb31900334e34": "elevated partial pressures", "571ce6655efbb31900334e35": "50 kilopascals (kPa), equal to about 50%", "571ce6655efbb31900334e36": "50 kilopascals (kPa), equal to about 50%", "571ce6655efbb31900334e37": "elevated partial pressures", "571ce6655efbb31900334e38": "volume", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952d": "October 1973", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952e": "US$3 per barrel to nearly $12", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952f": "1979 oil crisis, termed the \"second oil shock", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89530": "shock", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89531": "March 1974", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd28": "Arab oil producers linked any future policy changes to peace between the belligerents.", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd29": "multi", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2a": "January 18, 1974", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2b": "March 1974", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4a": "1971", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4b": "the dollar", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4c": "dollar", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4d": "fixed amount of gold", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4e": "fixed amount of gold", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd3": "less than two percent", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd4": "Shock", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd5": "price increases of 1973\u20131974 largely returned their prices and corresponding incomes to Bretton Woods levels in terms of commodities such as gold", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd6": "Shock", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bd": "1973", "5725bad5271a42140099d0be": "Iran", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bf": "ten", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c0": "Iran", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c1": "Weeks later, the Shah of Iran said in an interview: \"Of course [the price of oil] is going to rise", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0eb": "70%", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ec": "70%", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ed": "five percent", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ee": "$2.2 billion", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ef": "Libya", "57261dab38643c19005ad037": "100 billion dollars", "57261dab38643c19005ad038": "Taliban", "57261dab38643c19005ad039": "Middle East", "57261dab38643c19005ad03a": "aid", "57261dab38643c19005ad03b": "Saudi Arabia", "57261f9f271a42140099d4a9": "excessive inflation, reduced productivity", "57261f9f271a42140099d4aa": "USSR", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ab": "1973", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ac": "Kissinger's dominance", "5726241189a1e219009ac2de": "The embargo", "5726241189a1e219009ac2df": "automobiles", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e0": "Macroeconomic problems consisted of both inflationary and deflationary impacts. The embargo", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e1": "Arctic", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e2": "five to ten years", "5726487b5951b619008f6edd": "Netherlands", "5726487b5951b619008f6ede": "almost uninterrupted supplies", "5726487b5951b619008f6edf": "The UK", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee0": "Israelis", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee1": "1967", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db36": "coal miners and railroad workers over the winter of 1973\u201374 became a major factor in the change of government.", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db37": "coal", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db38": "coal miners and railroad workers", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db39": "The UK, Germany, Italy, Switzerland and Norway", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db3a": "Sweden", "57264cac708984140094c1b3": "Price controls", "57264cac708984140094c1b4": "investment", "57264cac708984140094c1b5": "Predictably, old oil was withdrawn from the market, creating greater scarcity", "57264cac708984140094c1b7": "rationing", "57264d9edd62a815002e80fe": "William E. Simon", "57264d9edd62a815002e80ff": "1973", "57264d9edd62a815002e8100": "William E. Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office", "57264d9edd62a815002e8101": "20% of American gasoline stations had no", "57264efddd62a815002e8134": "1974 a national maximum speed limit of 55 mph (about 88 km/h", "57264efddd62a815002e8135": "1974 a national maximum speed limit of 55 mph (about 88 km/h", "57264efddd62a815002e8136": "89 km/h) speed limit", "57264efddd62a815002e8137": "Bill Clinton", "57264efddd62a815002e8138": "1977", "572650325951b619008f6fa9": "energy crisis", "572650325951b619008f6faa": "single-shot solutions that ignore market and technology realities", "572650325951b619008f6fab": "congresses and presidents have repeatedly backed policies which promise solutions that are politically expedient", "57265200708984140094c237": "1973", "57265200708984140094c238": "Edward Heath", "57265200708984140094c239": "10 years", "57265200708984140094c23a": "James Schlesinger", "57265360dd62a815002e819a": "Japan", "57265360dd62a815002e819b": "71%", "57265360dd62a815002e819c": "November 7, 1973", "57265360dd62a815002e819d": "November 22", "57265360dd62a815002e819e": "December 25", "57265526708984140094c2bd": "oil revenues", "57265526708984140094c2be": "oil revenues", "57265526708984140094c2bf": "1979", "57265526708984140094c2c0": "oil revenues", "57265526708984140094c2c1": "oil revenues", "5726581fdd62a815002e823a": "large cars. Japanese imports, primarily the Toyota Corona, the Toyota Corolla", "5726581fdd62a815002e823b": "four", "5726581fdd62a815002e823c": "four", "5726581fdd62a815002e823d": "unibody construction and front-wheel drive", "572659535951b619008f703f": "A decade after the 1973 oil crisis, Honda, Toyota and Nissan", "572659535951b619008f7040": "small size of the first Japanese compacts", "572659535951b619008f7041": "small size", "572659535951b619008f7042": "Infiniti", "57265a58dd62a815002e8270": "Mazda Truck", "57265a58dd62a815002e8271": "Dodge D-50", "57265a58dd62a815002e8272": "Ford, Chrysler, and GM", "57265a58dd62a815002e8273": "captive import", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829e": "smaller", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829f": "four", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a0": "1985", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a1": "four", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a2": "lower price models such as the Chevrolet Bel Air, and Ford Galaxie 500", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b8": "1977", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b9": "1981", "57265ceddd62a815002e82ba": "1974 Mustang I", "57265e11708984140094c3bb": "1981", "57265e11708984140094c3bc": "less", "57265e11708984140094c3bd": "market share, increased production", "57265e11708984140094c3be": "$40", "5725b41838643c19005acb7f": "1972", "5725b41838643c19005acb80": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)", "5725b41838643c19005acb81": "1968", "5725b41838643c19005acb82": "one-man Project Mercury which put the first Americans in space, Apollo was later dedicated to President John F. Kennedy", "5725b41838643c19005acb83": "two-man Project Gemini", "5725b56589a1e219009abd20": "1961 to 1972", "5725b56589a1e219009abd21": "Saturn family rockets", "5725b56589a1e219009abd22": "Soviet Union", "5725b56589a1e219009abd23": "Skylab", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd40": "1967", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd41": "fire", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd42": "Budget cuts", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd43": "Five", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd44": "an oxygen tank explosion in transit to the Moon, which disabled the command spacecraft's propulsion and life support.", "5725b77889a1e219009abd54": "8", "5725b77889a1e219009abd55": "17", "5725b77889a1e219009abd56": "842 pounds (382 kg) of lunar rocks and soil", "5725b77889a1e219009abd57": "Apollo also spurred advances in many areas of technology incidental to rocketry and manned spaceflight, including avionics, telecommunications, and computers", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d453": "Abe Silverstein", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d454": "Abe Silverstein", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d455": "Abe Silverstein", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d457": "Mercury", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d456": "Mercury", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe7": "July 1960", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe8": "by Maxime Faget", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe9": "General Dynamics/Convair, General Electric", "5725ba5038643c19005acbea": "Hugh L. Dryden", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c7": "John F. Kennedy", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c8": "Soviet Union", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c9": "November 1960", "5725bb34271a42140099d0ca": "James E. Webb", "5725bb34271a42140099d0cb": "President Eisenhower", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1d": "Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1e": "Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1f": "Soviet", "5725bc7138643c19005acc20": "circumspect", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc31": "April 20", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc32": "April 20, Kennedy sent a memo to Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc33": "April 20", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc34": "Kennedy", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a5": "Robert R. Gilruth", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a6": "Robert R. Gilruth", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a7": "MSC", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a8": "Rice University", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a9": "Florida", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdce": "mammoth rocket required for the manned lunar mission, so land acquisition was started in July 1961", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdcf": "November", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd0": "Merritt Island", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd1": "Kennedy", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd7": "three", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd8": "39", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd9": "two vacuum chambers capable of simulating atmospheric pressure", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd6": "VAB", "5725c123271a42140099d131": "Dr. George E. Mueller", "5725c123271a42140099d132": "Robert Seamans", "5725c123271a42140099d133": "Robert Seamans", "5725c123271a42140099d134": "Dr. George E. Mueller", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6b": "Apollo Program Director", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6c": "General Samuel C. Phillips", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6d": "Bernard A. Schriever", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6e": "Director", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6f": "Bernard A. Schriever", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe44": "Many engineers feared that a rendezvous \u2014let alone a docking", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe45": "1961", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe46": "Robert Seamans", "5725c604271a42140099d185": "Joseph Shea", "5725c604271a42140099d186": "an", "5725c604271a42140099d187": "Manned Spacecraft Center", "5725c604271a42140099d188": "Joseph Shea", "5725c604271a42140099d189": "Manned Spacecraft Center", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d531": "Jerome Wiesner", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d532": "Golovin, who had left NASA, to chair his own \"Space Vehicle Panel", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d533": "his own \"Space Vehicle Panel", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d534": "July 11, 1962", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a1": "No, that's no good\" in front of the press, during a presentation by von Braun", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a2": "Webb", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a3": "NASA", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a4": "Grumman", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d577": "lifeboat", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d578": "1964 MSC", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d579": "LOR method", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d57a": "1964 MSC", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c1": "cone", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c2": "Kennedy's Moon landing goal became official, detailed design began of a Command/Service Module", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c3": "two", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec8": "Command Module (CM) was the conical crew cabin", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec9": "Command Module (CM) was the conical crew cabin", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abeca": "an ablative heat shield", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecb": "Parachutes", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecc": "Command Module (CM) was the conical crew cabin", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1b": "A cylindrical Service Module (SM) supported the Command Module, with a service propulsion engine and an RCS", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1c": "S-band", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1d": "S-band", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1e": "approximately", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1f": "an orbital scientific instrument package", "5725cda338643c19005acd3f": "North American Aviation", "5725cda338643c19005acd40": "twice", "5725cda338643c19005acd41": "1964", "5725cda338643c19005acd42": "Saturn V", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0a": "Lunar Module", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0b": "Lunar", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0d": "approximately 33,300 pounds", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0e": "around 34 hours. An Extended Lunar Module weighed over 36,200 pounds (16,400 kg), and allowed surface stays of over 3 days", "5725d01989a1e219009abf28": "his team of rocket engineers", "5725d01989a1e219009abf29": "Army", "5725d01989a1e219009abf2b": "June 11, 1962, decision to use lunar orbit rendezvous enabled the Saturn V", "5725d0e3271a42140099d235": "LC-34", "5725d0e3271a42140099d236": "five launches of boilerplate CSMs (designated AS-101 through AS-105) into orbit in 1964 and 1965", "5725d0e3271a42140099d237": "five launches of boilerplate CSMs (designated AS-101 through AS-105) into orbit in 1964 and 1965", "5725d0e3271a42140099d238": "micrometeorite impacts", "5725d2ef271a42140099d255": "The Saturn IB", "5725d2ef271a42140099d256": "1,600,000 pounds-force", "5725d2ef271a42140099d257": "second stage", "5725d2ef271a42140099d258": "low Earth orbit", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65b": "three-stage Saturn V", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65c": "three-stage Saturn V was designed to send a fully fueled CSM and LM to the Moon. It was 33 feet (10.1 m", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65d": "liquid hydrogen", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65e": "liquid hydrogen", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6e": "Dr. Harrison Schmitt", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6f": "Dr. Harrison Schmitt", "5725d51589a1e219009abf70": "Dr. Harrison Schmitt", "5725d51589a1e219009abf71": "17", "5725d51589a1e219009abf72": "Dr. Harrison Schmitt", "5725d61038643c19005acdd3": "the Distinguished Service Medal", "5725d61038643c19005acdd4": "the Distinguished Service Medal", "5725d61038643c19005acdd5": "1969", "5725d61038643c19005acdd6": "first Earth orbital test mission Apollo 7", "5725d61038643c19005acdd7": "8", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde7": "Two Block I CSMs were launched from LC-34 on suborbital flights in 1966 with the Saturn IB. The first, AS-201", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde8": "February 26", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde9": "Atlantic ocean", "5725d6cb38643c19005acdea": "AS-202", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf90": "a crew would fly the first Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208, or AS-278", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf91": "207/208", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf92": "lunar surface EVA suit would include a water-cooled undergarment", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf93": "water-cooled", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf94": "Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot", "5725d8a3271a42140099d28f": "January 1966", "5725d8a3271a42140099d290": "Chaffee", "5725d8a3271a42140099d291": "January 1966", "5725d8a3271a42140099d292": "January 1966", "5725d8a3271a42140099d293": "Walter Cunningham", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69b": "December 1966", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69c": "208", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69d": "208 or AS-258, planned for August 1967", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69e": "1", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ab": "George Mueller", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ac": "tiger team", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ad": "North American were severe enough in late 1965 to cause Manned Space Flight Administrator George Mueller", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ae": "George Mueller", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bd": "North American", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6be": "Grissom", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bf": "launch countdown", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6c0": "altitude", "5725dc1638643c19005ace01": "1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace02": "1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace03": "1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace04": "1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace05": "an electrical fire began in the cabin, and spread quickly in the high pressure, 100%", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe2": "North American removed Harrison Storms", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe3": "Joseph Francis Shea, replacing him with George Low", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe4": "George Low", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe5": "an accident review board, overseen by both houses of Congress", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ed": "nitrogen/oxygen mixture instead of pure oxygen before and during launch, and removal of flammable cabin and space suit materials", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ee": "fl", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ef": "Block II design already called for replacement of the Block I plug-type hatch cover", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f0": "NASA", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f1": "modified, fire-resistant Block II space suits", "5725df1838643c19005ace15": "September 1967", "5725df1838643c19005ace16": "A missions were unmanned Saturn V", "5725df1838643c19005ace17": "letters", "5725e08389a1e219009ac010": "AS-501", "5725e08389a1e219009ac011": "AS-501)", "5725e08389a1e219009ac012": "1968, by Apollo 6", "5725e08389a1e219009ac013": "fire enabled NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM and Saturn V. Apollo 4", "5725e152271a42140099d2cd": "5", "5725e152271a42140099d2ce": "37", "5725e152271a42140099d2cf": "Grumman", "5725e152271a42140099d2d0": "AS-204", "5725e152271a42140099d2d1": "fire-in-the-hole", "5725e28f38643c19005ace23": "George Low", "5725e28f38643c19005ace24": "George Low", "5725e28f38643c19005ace25": "Christmas Eve", "5725e28f38643c19005ace26": "George", "5725e28f38643c19005ace27": "George Low", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac038": "July 1969", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac039": "July 1969", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03a": "black-and-white", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03b": "G mission was achieved on Apollo 11 in July 1969", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03c": "July 1969", "5725e44238643c19005ace35": "Gemini veteran Charles \"Pete\" Conrad and rookie Alan L. Bean made a precision landing on Apollo 12", "5725e44238643c19005ace36": "Surveyor 3", "5725e44238643c19005ace37": "3", "5725e44238643c19005ace38": "accidentally pointed into the Sun", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d71f": "15 Saturn Vs", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d720": "the Block II spacesuit", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d721": "eight", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d722": "three days", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d723": "mass", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d729": "liquid oxygen tank exploded, disabling the Service Module", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72a": "two", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72b": "oxygen tank", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72c": "oxygen tank", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72d": "April 1970", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac086": "1971, the decision was made to also cancel missions 18 and 19", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac087": "1969", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac088": "1971", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac089": "1971", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09e": "old", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09f": "about 4.6 billion years for samples derived from the highlands crust", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a0": "KREEP", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a1": "Genesis Rock", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace7f": "thick atmosphere", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace80": "high pressure shock waves", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace81": "high pressure shock waves", "5725ec7538643c19005ace8f": "2009, NASA held a symposium on project costs which presented an estimate of the Apollo program costs in 2005 dollars as roughly $170 billion", "5725ec7538643c19005ace90": "15", "5725ec7538643c19005ace91": "$20.4 billion", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb3": "Apollo Extension Series (Apollo X", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb4": "Apollo Applications Program", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb5": "Apollo Applications Program (AAP)", "5725ef6838643c19005acece": "1973", "5725ef6838643c19005acecf": "1973", "5725ef6838643c19005aced0": "February 8, 1974", "5725ef6838643c19005aced1": "1973", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0be": "2009", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0bf": "the one left during the Apollo 11", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0c0": "All of the U. S. flags left on the Moon during the Apollo missions were found to still be standing", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cc": "Apollo 8", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cd": "Christmas Eve, 1968", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0ce": "one-quarter", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf": "The crew of Apollo 8", "5725f239271a42140099d35d": "Apollo TV", "5725f239271a42140099d35e": "lunar footage that had to be converted for the live television broadcast and stored on magnetic telemetry tapes", "5725f239271a42140099d35f": "National", "5725f239271a42140099d360": "National Archives and Records Administration to be recorded over with newer satellite data", "5725f239271a42140099d361": "Nafzger", "5725f39638643c19005acef7": "Nafzger", "5725f39638643c19005acef8": "random noise and camera shake", "5725f39638643c19005acef9": "Lowry Digital", "5725f39638643c19005acefa": "Lowry Digital", "5725f39638643c19005acefb": "Lowry Digital", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5c": "the Treaties establishing the European Union", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5d": "the Treaties establishing the European Union", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5e": "the Treaties establishing the European Union", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5f": "the Treaties establishing the European Union", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd60": "the European Parliament", "5725c28a271a42140099d14d": "the Treaties establishing the European Union", "5725c28a271a42140099d14e": "direct", "5725c28a271a42140099d14f": "the Treaties establishing the European Union", "5725c28a271a42140099d150": "the European Parliament", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f0": "the Treaties establishing the European Union", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f1": "the Treaties establishing the European Union", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f2": "the European Parliament", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f3": "the Treaties establishing the European Union", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d1": "the Court of Justice", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d2": "The European Court of Justice", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d3": "Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d4": "The European Court of Justice", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d5": "case", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d503": "the Court of Justice", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d504": "Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d505": "The European Court of Justice", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d506": "case", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890a": "the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890b": "the courts of member states", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890c": "The European Court of Justice", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890d": "case", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d549": "the Treaty on European Union (TEU", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54a": "The European Commission has the initiative to propose legislation.", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54b": "the Treaty on European Union", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54c": "The European Court of Justice", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54d": "It", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb4": "the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU)", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb5": "Faroe Islands", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb6": "The Court of Justice of the European Union", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb7": "The Court of Justice of the European Union", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb8": "the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894e": "the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU)", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894f": "Gibraltar and the \u00c5land islands", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8950": "the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8951": "The Court of Justice of the European Union", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bb": "common rules for coal and steel", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bc": "1992", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bd": "1992", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5be": "coal", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bf": "Greenland", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b0": "coal and steel", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b1": "1992", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b2": "1986", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b3": "1992", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b4": "TFEU", "57264865dd62a815002e8062": "Nice Treaty", "57264865dd62a815002e8063": "France and the referendum in the Netherlands", "57264865dd62a815002e8064": "enacted. Its substance", "57264865dd62a815002e8065": "the Lisbon Treaty", "57264865dd62a815002e8066": "significantly", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c4": "Lisbon", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c5": "the Nice Treaty", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c6": "2004", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c7": "Lisbon Treaty", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808c": "The European Commission", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808d": "The European Commission", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808e": "The European Commission", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808f": "17(1) of the Treaty on European Union states the Commission should \"promote the general interest", "57264a8cdd62a815002e8090": "17", "572691545951b619008f76e1": "17", "572691545951b619008f76e2": "17(1) of the Treaty on European Union states the Commission should \"promote the general interest", "572691545951b619008f76e3": "17(1) of the Treaty on European Union states the Commission should \"promote the general interest", "572691545951b619008f76e4": "Ireland", "572691545951b619008f76e5": "The proposal to make the Commissioners be drawn from the elected Parliament, was not adopted in the Treaty of Lisbon", "57264e455951b619008f6f65": "Santer", "57264e455951b619008f6f66": "Commissioner", "57264e455951b619008f6f67": "few Commissioners had \u2018even the slightest sense of responsibility\u2019. This led to the creation of the European Anti-fraud Office", "57264e455951b619008f6f68": "six-person board appointed by the European Council", "57264e455951b619008f6f69": "The President of the Council and a Commissioner can sit", "5726926a5951b619008f7709": "1999", "5726926a5951b619008f770a": "Parliament in 1999", "5726926a5951b619008f770b": "Commission v Edith Cresson", "5726926a5951b619008f770c": "European Anti-fraud Office", "5726926a5951b619008f770d": "Maltese Commissioner for Health", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbee": "750", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbef": "representative", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf0": "750", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf1": "750", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf2": "no member can actually or pass legislation without the Commission and Council", "5726938af1498d1400e8e446": "750", "5726938af1498d1400e8e447": "the European Parliament", "5726938af1498d1400e8e448": "750", "5726938af1498d1400e8e449": "750", "5726938af1498d1400e8e44a": "the conservative European People's Party", "5726545f708984140094c2a5": "the Council", "5726545f708984140094c2a6": "Poland Prime Minister Donald Tusk", "5726545f708984140094c2a7": "352", "5726545f708984140094c2a8": "Poland Prime Minister Donald Tusk", "5726545f708984140094c2a9": "74 per cent", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1e": "the Council", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1f": "six months and its President (currently former Poland Prime Minister Donald Tusk", "57269424dd62a815002e8a20": "352", "57269424dd62a815002e8a21": "the Council", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fa": "the Parliament must vote by a majority of all MEPs", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fb": "Commission proposal, where the Parliament must vote by a majority of all MEPs", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fc": "the Council must vote by qualified majority", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fd": "4 and 5", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fe": "the Court of Justice", "572695285951b619008f774b": "294", "572695285951b619008f774c": "a majority", "572695285951b619008f774d": "4 and 5", "572695285951b619008f774e": "a \"Conciliation Committee", "572658435951b619008f7025": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", "572658435951b619008f7026": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", "572658435951b619008f7027": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", "572658435951b619008f7028": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", "572658435951b619008f7029": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e484": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e485": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e486": "Civil Service Tribunal to deal with EU staff issues, and then a separate Court of Auditors", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e487": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e488": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", "57265e455951b619008f70bb": "Rome", "57265e455951b619008f70bc": "Van Gend en Loos", "57265e455951b619008f70bd": "Rome", "5726975c708984140094cb1f": "en Loos", "5726975c708984140094cb20": "1964", "5726975c708984140094cb21": "Van Gend en Loos", "572699db5951b619008f7799": "R (Factortame Ltd) v Secretary of State for Transport", "572699db5951b619008f779a": "the Court of Justice has the final say on foundational constitutional questions affecting democracy", "572699db5951b619008f779b": "1972", "572699db5951b619008f779d": "the ultimate authority of member states", "572699db5951b619008f779c": "democracy, the rule of law and the social state principles", "57269aa65951b619008f77ab": "citizens or corporations", "57269aa65951b619008f77ac": "1986", "57269aa65951b619008f77ad": "standards of proportionality", "57269aa65951b619008f77ae": "citizens or corporations", "57269bb8708984140094cb95": "article 30", "57269bb8708984140094cb96": "Commission v Italy", "57269bb8708984140094cb97": "Commission v Italy", "57269bb8708984140094cb98": "Treaty provisions", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b12": "parties", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b13": "4", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b14": "Working Time", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b15": "1990s", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e516": "Italian", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e517": "Pubblico Ministero", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e518": "10 years, from age 18 to 28", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e519": "10 years, from age 18 to 28, for Swedex GmbH & Co KG", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e51a": "60 and men at 65", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e534": "national courts have a duty to interpret domestic law", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e535": "SA", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e536": "6 million Lira", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e537": "6 million Lira", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e550": "the European Court of Justice", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e551": "fundamental rights (see human rights), proportionality", "5726a09f708984140094cc39": "Article 5", "5726a09f708984140094cc3a": "Article 5", "5726a09f708984140094cc3b": "the", "5726a14c708984140094cc51": "The doctrine of legitimate expectation", "5726a14c708984140094cc52": "legal certainty", "5726a14c708984140094cc53": "a proper legal basis", "5726a14c708984140094cc54": "good faith", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b86": "constitutional traditions", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b87": "Fundamental rights", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9e": "None", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9f": "member states", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba0": "1950", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba1": "European Convention on Human Rights in 1950", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba2": "1999", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59e": "2007", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59f": "the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a0": "2007", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a1": "The Union recognises the rights, freedoms and principles set out in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union of 7 December 2000", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5ae": "1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5af": "Social Chapter", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b0": "1989", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b1": "30", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b2": "40", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd0": "11", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd1": "The UK", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd2": "1992 Maastricht Treaty - instead, an Agreement on Social Policy", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd3": "Social Charter was subsequently adopted in 1989 by 11 of the then 12 member states. The UK refused to sign the Social Charter", "5726a5525951b619008f78dd": "Amsterdam", "5726a5525951b619008f78de": "Amsterdam", "5726a5525951b619008f78df": "Works Council", "5726a5525951b619008f78e0": "1996", "5726a5525951b619008f78e1": "1994 Works Council Directive, which required workforce consultation in businesses", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf6": "Germany from re-establishing dominance in the production of coal and steel as members felt that its dominance had contributed to the outbreak of the war. Article 65", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf7": "Coal", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf8": "Article 65 of the agreement banned cartels", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf9": "Article 65 of the agreement banned cartels and article 66", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bfa": "In 1957 competition rules were included in the Treaty of Rome", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e654": "Article 102", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e655": "fixing", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e656": "107", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e657": "102", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b55": "2007", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b56": "the Treaty of Rome 1957", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b57": "consumer prices", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b58": "free trade", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b59": "28 to 37", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbe": "association", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbf": "Commission", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc0": "Commission", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc1": "Commission v France French farmer vigilantes were continually sabotaging shipments of Spanish strawberries, and even Belgian tomato", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc2": "Commission", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e8": "25 per cent", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e9": "France", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ea": "2009", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8eb": "companies", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ec": "motorcycles", "5726ba2c708984140094cf59": "Keck and Mithouard", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5a": "advertising", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5b": "skin care products", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5c": "Unfair Commercial Practices", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e74": "citizenship", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e75": "citizenship", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e76": "citizenship", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e77": "Mr Steymann", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e78": "Mr Steymann was entitled to stay", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea6": "articles 1 to 7", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea7": "Jean-Marc Bosman claimed that he should be able to transfer from R.F.C. de Li\u00e8ge", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea8": "article 7(2) requires equal treatment in respect of tax", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea9": "Hendrix v Employee Insurance Institute the Court of Justice", "5726bc1add62a815002e8eaa": "3 and 14 hours a week", "5726bcde708984140094cfbf": "Citizenship", "5726bcde708984140094cfc0": "the Court of Justice", "5726bcde708984140094cfc1": "Commission", "5726bcde708984140094cfc2": "higher education", "5726c002708984140094d073": "article 49", "5726c002708984140094d074": "Milan", "5726c002708984140094d075": "Reyners v Belgium the Court of Justice held that a refusal to admit a lawyer to the Belgian bar because he lacked Belgian nationality", "5726c002708984140094d076": "49", "5726c002708984140094d077": "Commission v Italy", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8a": "2006", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8b": "Franco Frattini", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8c": "October 2007", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8d": "Franco Frattini", "5726c3da708984140094d0d9": "German health clinic", "5726c3da708984140094d0da": "Alpine Investments BV", "5726c3da708984140094d0db": "narcotic drugs", "5726c3da708984140094d0dc": "Van Binsbergen", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac4": "R (Daily Mail and General Trust plc) v HM Treasury that member states could restrict a company moving its seat of business", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac5": "\u00a31", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac6": "\u00a31", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac7": "R (Daily Mail and General Trust plc) v HM Treasury that member states could restrict a company moving its seat of business", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac8": "bottom", "5725b81b271a42140099d097": "Amazonia", "5725b81b271a42140099d098": "Amazonia", "5725b81b271a42140099d099": "nine", "5725b81b271a42140099d09a": "French: For\u00eat amazonienne; Dutch: Amazoneregenwoud), also known in English as Amazonia", "5725b81b271a42140099d09b": "over half", "5728349dff5b5019007d9efe": "Amazonia", "5728349dff5b5019007d9eff": "Amazonia", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f00": "Amazonia", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f01": "Amazonia", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f02": "Amazonia", "5729e2316aef0514001550c4": "Amazonia", "5729e2316aef0514001550c5": "Amazonia", "5729e2316aef0514001550c6": "Amazonia", "5729e2316aef0514001550c7": "Brazil", "5729e2316aef0514001550c8": "Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle", "5725be0f271a42140099d117": "66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0", "5725be0f271a42140099d118": "fluctuations", "5725be0f271a42140099d119": "cene", "5725be0f271a42140099d11a": "mostly inland formation at the last glacial maximum", "5725be0f271a42140099d11b": "66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f94": "66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f95": "45\u00b0", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f96": "Climate fluctuations", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f97": "cene", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f98": "66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b5": "the Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction event, the extinction of the dinosaurs", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b6": "66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b7": "66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b8": "66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b9": "fluctuations during the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "5725c071271a42140099d127": "the Purus Arch", "5725c071271a42140099d128": "Atlantic", "5725c071271a42140099d129": "Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5725c071271a42140099d12a": "easterly flow toward the Atlantic", "5725c071271a42140099d12b": "Atlantic", "57283d173acd2414000df78f": "the Purus Arch", "57283d173acd2414000df790": "Pacific across the Amazonas Basin", "57283d173acd2414000df791": "Pacific across the Amazonas Basin", "57283d173acd2414000df792": "Amazonas Basin", "57283d173acd2414000df793": "large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5729e6313f37b319004785a9": "the Purus Arch", "5729e6313f37b319004785aa": "the Purus Arch", "5729e6313f37b319004785ab": "the Purus Arch", "5729e6313f37b319004785ac": "Pacific across the Amazonas Basin", "5729e6313f37b319004785ad": "Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50b": "Maximum", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50c": "the Amazon Fan", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50d": "Amazon rainforest vegetation over the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent deglaciation", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50e": "Amazon rainforest vegetation over the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent deglaciation", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50f": "data", "572841772ca10214002da1a6": "21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum", "572841772ca10214002da1a7": "There is evidence that there have been significant changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation over the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum", "572841772ca10214002da1a8": "lower", "572841772ca10214002da1a9": "lower", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa779": "21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent deglaciation", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77a": "lower", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77b": "lower", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77c": "small, isolated refugia separated by open forest and grassland", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77d": "There is evidence that there have been significant changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation over the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum", "5725c63438643c19005acc9f": "NASA's CALIPSO", "5725c63438643c19005acca0": "15 degrees west longitude", "5725c63438643c19005acca1": "2,600 km) over the Atlantic Ocean (some dust falls into the Atlantic", "5725c63438643c19005acca2": "Atlantic Ocean", "5725c63438643c19005acca3": "132", "5728455bff5b5019007da078": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite", "5728455bff5b5019007da079": "15 degrees west longitude", "5728455bff5b5019007da07a": "132 million tons of dust remain in the air, 43 million tons of dust are windblown and falls on the Caribbean Sea", "5728455bff5b5019007da07b": "132", "5728455bff5b5019007da07c": "75 degrees west longitude", "5729ea263f37b319004785bd": "NASA's CALIPSO", "5729ea263f37b319004785be": "NASA's CALIPSO", "5729ea263f37b319004785bf": "15 degrees west longitude", "5729ea263f37b319004785c0": "15 degrees west longitude", "5729ea263f37b319004785c1": "132 million tons of dust remain in the air, 43 million tons of dust are windblown and falls on the Caribbean Sea", "5725c95f38643c19005accf3": "Amazonia", "5725c95f38643c19005accf4": "a population density", "5725c95f38643c19005accf5": "hunting, with agriculture", "5725c95f38643c19005accf6": "Amazon rainforest", "5725c95f38643c19005accf7": "5 million", "572847dd4b864d19001648bc": "Betty Meggers", "572847dd4b864d19001648bd": "Betty Meggers", "572847dd4b864d19001648be": "poor soil. Archeologist Betty Meggers was a prominent proponent of this idea, as described in her book Amazonia", "572847dd4b864d19001648bf": "Archeologist Betty Meggers was a prominent proponent of this idea, as described in her book Amazonia", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6c9": "Betty Meggers", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6ca": "Betty Meggers", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cb": "hunting", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cc": "5 million", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cd": "200,000", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed2": "Francisco de Orellana", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed3": "1540s", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed4": "smallpox", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed5": "1970s", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed6": "Francisco de Orellana", "5729edd56aef051400155112": "Francisco de Orellana", "5729edd56aef051400155113": "Francisco de Orellana", "5729edd56aef051400155114": "Francisco de Orellana", "5729edd56aef051400155115": "Ondemar Dias", "5729edd56aef051400155116": "11,000", "5725cf3238643c19005acd61": "black earth", "5725cf3238643c19005acd62": "black earth", "5725cf3238643c19005acd63": "Terra preta", "5725cf3238643c19005acd64": "Xingu", "5725cf3238643c19005acd65": "Terra preta", "5729ef266aef05140015511c": "Terra preta", "5729ef266aef05140015511d": "black earth", "5729ef266aef05140015511e": "Xingu", "5729ef266aef05140015511f": "Terra preta", "5729ef266aef051400155120": "Michael Heckenberger", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61b": "about 2.5 million", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61c": "One in five of all the bird species in the world live in the rainforests of the Amazon", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61d": "Amazon", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61e": "One in five of all the bird species in the world live in the rainforests of the Amazon, and one in five", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61f": "about 2.5 million", "5729f0db6aef051400155126": "about 2.5 million", "5729f0db6aef051400155127": "2,000", "5729f0db6aef051400155128": "40,000", "5729f0db6aef051400155129": "378", "5729f0db6aef05140015512a": "One in five", "5726722bdd62a815002e8528": "quarter square", "5726722bdd62a815002e8529": "16,000", "5726722bdd62a815002e852a": "16,000", "5726722bdd62a815002e852b": "356", "5726722bdd62a815002e852c": "000", "5729f2646aef051400155130": "16,000", "5729f2646aef051400155131": "16,000", "5729f2646aef051400155132": "90,790", "5729f2646aef051400155133": "356 \u00b1 47 tonnes", "5729f2646aef051400155134": "000", "5729f3831d0469140077967b": "electric eels", "5729f3831d0469140077967c": "black caiman", "5729f3831d0469140077967d": "piranha", "5729f3831d0469140077967e": "piranha", "5729f3831d0469140077967f": "Vampire bats dwell in the rainforest and can spread the rabies virus", "5729fd56af94a219006aa72f": "human settlement and development of the land.", "5729fd56af94a219006aa730": "access to the forest's interior", "5729fd56af94a219006aa731": "slash and burn", "5729fd56af94a219006aa732": "human settlement and development of the land. Prior to the early 1960s", "5729fd56af94a219006aa733": "naked eye", "5729feaf6aef051400155188": "2000", "5729feaf6aef051400155189": "1991", "5729feaf6aef05140015518a": "cattle", "5729feaf6aef05140015518b": "the United States", "5729feaf6aef05140015518c": "Seventy percent", "572a005f1d046914007796b7": "opened up the rainforest and led to increased settlement and deforestation", "572a005f1d046914007796b8": "successfully opened up the rainforest and led to increased settlement and deforestation", "572a005f1d046914007796b9": "22,392 km2 or 8,646 sq mi per year) was 18%", "572a005f1d046914007796bb": "2000", "572a005f1d046914007796ba": "18%", "572a020f6aef051400155198": "biodiversity", "572a020f6aef051400155199": "destruction of the forest", "572a020f6aef05140015519a": "carbon contained within the vegetation, which could accelerate global warming", "572a020f6aef05140015519b": "10%", "572a020f6aef05140015519c": "1.1 \u00d7 1011 metric tonnes of carbon", "572a03a06aef0514001551aa": "rainfall", "572a03a06aef0514001551ab": "2100", "572a03a06aef0514001551ac": "2100", "572a03a06aef0514001551ad": "change", "572a03a06aef0514001551ae": "change", "572a064a3f37b3190047865d": "deforestation", "572a064a3f37b3190047865e": "ethno-biology", "572a064a3f37b3190047865f": "deforestation", "572a064a3f37b31900478660": "the Urarina", "572a064a3f37b31900478661": "the", "572a07c11d046914007796d5": "commercial interests", "572a07c11d046914007796d6": "Google Earth", "572a07c11d046914007796d7": "Trio Tribe", "572a07c11d046914007796d8": "handheld GPS devices and programs like Google Earth, members of the Trio", "572a07c11d046914007796d9": "commercial interests", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75b": "biomass", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75c": "biomass", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75d": "2006", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75e": "2006", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75f": "2006", "572a0b101d046914007796e9": "2005", "572a0b101d046914007796eb": "2005", "572a0b101d046914007796ec": "2005", "572a0b101d046914007796ed": "savanna or desert", "572a0b101d046914007796ea": "2005", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa76f": "2010", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa770": "Science", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa771": "three epicenters where vegetation died off", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa772": "Science", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa773": "1.5 gigatons", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe1": "comb jellies", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe2": "(/t\u1d7b\u02c8n\u0252f\u0259r\u0259/; singular ctenophore", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe3": "they", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf2": "(/t\u1d7b\u02c8n\u0252f\u0259r\u0259/; singular ctenophore", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf3": "they are the largest animals that swim by means of cilia", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf4": "water flow", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf5": "they are the largest animals that swim by means of cilia", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf6": "combs", "57263eaa38643c19005ad371": "comb jellies", "57263eaa38643c19005ad372": "(/t\u1d7b\u02c8n\u0252f\u0259r\u0259/; singular ctenophore", "57263eaa38643c19005ad373": "water flow", "57263eaa38643c19005ad374": "the Greek \u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 kteis 'comb", "57263eaa38643c19005ad375": "(/t\u1d7b\u02c8n\u0252f\u0259r\u0259/; singular ctenophore", "5725bae289a1e219009abd90": "ten times", "5725bae289a1e219009abd91": "100\u2013150", "5725bae289a1e219009abd92": "100\u2013150", "5725c337271a42140099d163": "100\u2013150", "5725c337271a42140099d164": "a pair of retractable tentacles fringed with tentilla (\"little tentacles\"", "5725c337271a42140099d165": "ten times", "5725c337271a42140099d166": "ten times", "5725c337271a42140099d167": "huge mouths armed with groups of large, stiffened cilia", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ee": "ten times", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ef": "little tentacles\") that are covered with colloblasts, sticky cells that capture prey.", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f0": "huge mouths armed with groups of large, stiffened cilia", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f1": "ten times their own weight in a day.", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f2": "ten times their own weight in a day.", "5725bc0338643c19005acc11": "sequential hermaphrodites", "5725bc0338643c19005acc12": "sequential hermaphrodites", "5725bc0338643c19005acc13": "sequential hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5e": "simultaneous hermaphrodites, which can produce both eggs and sperm at the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5f": "both eggs and sperm at the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe60": "sequential hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe61": "sequential hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe62": "simultaneous hermaphrodites", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd1": "sequential hermaphrodites", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd2": "simultaneous hermaphrodites, which can produce both eggs and sperm at the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd3": "simultaneous hermaphrodites, which can produce both eggs and sperm at the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd4": "sequential hermaphrodites", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd5": "the beroids", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc39": "Black Sea", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3a": "Mnemiopsis", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3b": "over-fishing and long-term environmental changes that promoted the growth of the Mnemiopsis population", "5725c69738643c19005accb9": "The later accidental introduction of Beroe helped to mitigate the problem, as Beroe preys on other ctenophores", "5725c69738643c19005accba": "One ctenophore, Mnemiopsis", "5725c69738643c19005accbb": "Black Sea", "5725c69738643c19005accbc": "bays", "5726431d271a42140099d7f5": "bays", "5726431d271a42140099d7f6": "copepods", "5726431d271a42140099d7f7": "Mnemiopsis", "5726431d271a42140099d7f8": "Beroe", "5726431d271a42140099d7f9": "over-fishing", "5725c91e38643c19005acceb": "66", "5725c91e38643c19005accec": "1980s indicates that the \"cydippids\" are not monophyletic", "5725c91e38643c19005acced": "no tentacles but many more comb-rows than modern forms, have been found in lagerst\u00e4tten as far back as the early Cambrian", "5725c91e38643c19005accee": "soft, gelatinous bodies, fossils thought to represent ctenophores", "5726449f1125e71900ae1928": "no tentacles but many more comb-rows than modern forms, have been found in lagerst\u00e4tten as far back as the early Cambrian", "5726449f1125e71900ae1929": "the Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction event 66 million years ago", "5726449f1125e71900ae192a": "soft, gelatinous", "5726449f1125e71900ae192b": "no tentacles but many more comb-rows than modern forms, have been found in lagerst\u00e4tten as far back as the early Cambrian", "5725cb33271a42140099d1db": "Ctenophores", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dc": "sponge", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dd": "bilaterians", "5725cb33271a42140099d1de": "Ctenophores", "5725cb33271a42140099d1df": "having colloblasts", "572646655951b619008f6ebf": "Ctenophores form an animal phylum that is more complex than sponges, about as complex as cnidarians", "572646655951b619008f6ec0": "sponge", "572646655951b619008f6ec1": "sponge", "572646655951b619008f6ec2": "carpet", "572646655951b619008f6ec3": "bilaterians", "572647d0708984140094c14b": "mesoglea in cnidarians and ctenophores; more complex animals have three main cell layers and no intermediate jelly-like layer", "572647d0708984140094c14c": "sponge", "572647d0708984140094c14d": "jelly-like material", "572647d0708984140094c14e": "sponge", "572648e8dd62a815002e8076": "cilia", "572648e8dd62a815002e8077": "hairs", "572648e8dd62a815002e8078": "ctenes", "572648e8dd62a815002e8079": "comb-bearing", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db40": "cydippid Pleurobrachia", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db41": "waves and swirling sediment particles, while some oceanic species are so fragile", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db42": "waves", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db43": "waves and swirling sediment particles, while some oceanic species are so fragile that it is very difficult to capture them intact for study.", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a0": "an epithelium, the gastrodermis", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a1": "bioluminescence", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a2": "ph", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a3": "a pharynx (\"throat\"); a wider area in the center that acts as a stomach; and a system of internal canals", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a4": "the mouth and pharynx", "57264cfa708984140094c1c3": "eight", "57264cfa708984140094c1c4": "eight", "57264cfa708984140094c1c5": "eight", "57264cfa708984140094c1c6": "eight comb rows, called swimming-plates, which are used for swimming. The rows are oriented to run from near the mouth (the \"oral pole", "57264cfa708984140094c1c7": "eight", "57264e66dd62a815002e811a": "the rosettes may pump water out of the mesoglea to reduce its volume and increase its density", "57264e66dd62a815002e811b": "the ciliary rosettes in the body cavity", "57264e66dd62a815002e811c": "ciliary rosettes", "57264e66dd62a815002e811d": "the rosettes may pump water out of the mesoglea to reduce its volume", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5e": "the aboral organ", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5f": "the aboral organ (at the opposite end from the mouth", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc60": "a transparent dome made of long, immobile cilia", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc61": "statocyst", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc62": "the aboral organ (at the opposite end from the mouth). Its main component is a statocyst", "57265746dd62a815002e8218": "berry", "57265746dd62a815002e8219": "pair of long, slender tentacles", "57265746dd62a815002e821a": "Some species of cydippids have bodies that are flattened to various extents, so that they are wider in the plane of the tentacles.", "57265746dd62a815002e821b": "slender", "57265746dd62a815002e821c": "the common coastal \"sea gooseberry", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcac": "tentilla", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcad": "little", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcae": "little tentacles", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcaf": "three", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcb0": "prey", "572659ea5951b619008f7051": "eight", "572659ea5951b619008f7052": "eight", "572659ea5951b619008f7053": "eight rows of combs that run from near the mouth to the opposite end, and are spaced evenly round the body", "572659ea5951b619008f7054": "eight", "57265aaf5951b619008f706b": "a pair of lobes", "57265aaf5951b619008f706c": "four", "57265aaf5951b619008f706d": "four", "57265aaf5951b619008f706e": "four", "57265aaf5951b619008f706f": "suspended planktonic prey", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd36": "eight", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd37": "eight", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd38": "eight", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd39": "eight", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd50": "da", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd51": "The Beroida", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd52": "forming intercellular connections", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd53": "The Beroida, also known as Nuda", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd54": "da", "57265e97708984140094c3c3": "The Cestida", "57265e97708984140094c3c6": "The Cestida", "57265e97708984140094c3c4": "The Cestida", "57265e97708984140094c3c5": "undulating", "57265e97708984140094c3c7": "Velamen parallelum, which is typically less than 20 centimeters (0.66 ft) long, can move much faster", "572681c1dd62a815002e8796": "pair of tentilla-bearing tentacles", "572681c1dd62a815002e8797": "everting the pharynx and using it as a muscular \"foot", "572681c1dd62a815002e8798": "comb-rows", "572681c1dd62a815002e8799": "oval bodies that are flattened in the oral-aboral direction, with a pair of tentilla-bearing tentacles", "572683075951b619008f7513": "pores in the epidermis", "572683075951b619008f7514": "hermaphrodites", "572683075951b619008f7515": "Mnemiopsis", "572683075951b619008f7516": "the internal canal network", "572683075951b619008f7517": "platyctenids", "572684365951b619008f753f": "tentacles", "572684365951b619008f7540": "bottom", "572684365951b619008f7541": "direct", "572684365951b619008f7542": "bottom", "572684365951b619008f7543": "Beroe", "572686fc708984140094c8e5": "disturbed", "572686fc708984140094c8e6": "ink", "572686fc708984140094c8e7": "ink) that luminesce at much the same wavelengths", "572686fc708984140094c8e8": "ink) that luminesce at much the same wavelengths as their bodies. Juveniles will luminesce more brightly in relation to their body size", "5726887e708984140094c917": "10 times their own weight per day. While Beroe", "5726887e708984140094c918": "Beroe", "5726887e708984140094c919": "10 times", "5726887e708984140094c91a": "10 times", "5726887e708984140094c91b": "10", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33c": "low", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33d": "ta", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33e": "Ctenophores", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33f": "Red Sea", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e340": "low ratio of organic matter", "57268c01dd62a815002e8912": "ships", "57268c01dd62a815002e8913": "Black Sea and Sea of Azov via the ballast tanks", "57268c01dd62a815002e8915": "accidental introduction of the Mnemiopsis-eating North American ctenophore Beroe ovata", "57268c01dd62a815002e8914": "via the ballast tanks of ships", "57268c01dd62a815002e8916": "1991 to 1993", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39c": "their soft, gelatinous bodies", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39d": "a comb jelly", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39e": "Emsian", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39f": "Three", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e3a0": "Three", "57268f05dd62a815002e8990": "Chengjiang lagerst\u00e4tte", "57268f05dd62a815002e8991": "Chengjiang lagerst\u00e4tte", "57268f05dd62a815002e8992": "Stromatoveris", "57268f05dd62a815002e8993": "The early Cambrian sessile frond-like fossil Stromatoveris, from China's Chengjiang lagerst\u00e4tte", "57268f05dd62a815002e8994": "about 515 million years ago, is very similar to Vendobionta of the preceding Ediacaran period", "57269016708984140094ca41": "Bilateria", "57269016708984140094ca42": "Porifera (sponges", "572691bedd62a815002e89dc": "beroids have cydippid", "572691bedd62a815002e89dd": "2001", "572691bedd62a815002e89de": "65", "572691bedd62a815002e89df": "Richard Harbison", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4d": "520,159, making it the fifth-largest city in California, the largest inland city in California and the 34th-largest in the nation. Fresno", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4e": "California", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4f": "ash tree", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd50": "an ash leaf", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd51": "Fresno", "5725cfd0271a42140099d225": "1872", "5725cfd0271a42140099d226": "Fresno", "5725cfd0271a42140099d227": "1885", "5725cfd0271a42140099d228": "47", "5725cfd0271a42140099d229": "Fresno", "5725d183271a42140099d23d": "94.0% white", "5725d183271a42140099d23e": "Pinedale, in what is now North Fresno", "5725d183271a42140099d23f": "Pinedale", "5725d183271a42140099d240": "The Fresno Fairgrounds", "5725d183271a42140099d241": "North Fresno", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d639": "Fresno", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63a": "1976", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63b": "Fresno", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63c": "1976", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63d": "1976", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf58": "Bill Aken", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf59": "Bill Aken", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5a": "Madera", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5b": "guitar", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5c": "Fresno", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d687": "three", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d688": "Downtown Fresno", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d689": "historic Kearney Mansion", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68a": "Woodward Park", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68b": "Kearney Park is the largest of the Fresno region's park system and is home to historic Kearney Mansion", "5725d7e438643c19005acdf9": "1880s and World War II, Downtown Fresno", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfa": "Fresno County Courthouse", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfb": "San Joaquin Light & Power Building", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfc": "Hughes", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b3": "1964", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b4": "Fulton Mall", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b5": "Fresno", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b6": "automobile traffic", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b7": "wide sidewalks", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c5": "Chestnut Avenue", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c6": "Clovis Avenue", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c7": "Sunnyside", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c8": "It is also the home of the Sunnyside Country Club", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c9": "William P. Bell", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfea": "1939", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfeb": "1939", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfec": "water tower", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfed": "Tower Theatre", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfee": "one-half mile north", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d7": "2nd Space Theatre", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d8": "1970s", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d9": "2nd Space Theatre", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2da": "Fresno", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2db": "Fresno", "5725e45689a1e219009ac048": "restaurants, live theater and nightclubs, as well as several independent shops and bookstores, currently operating on or near Olive Avenue", "5725e45689a1e219009ac049": "restaurants, live theater and nightclubs, as well as several independent shops and bookstores, currently operating on or near Olive Avenue", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04a": "Tower District", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04b": "hipster", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04c": "LGBT and hipster", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d733": "early twentieth century", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d734": "Storybook houses designed by Fresno architects, Hilliard, Taylor & Wheeler", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d735": "early twentieth century homes", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d736": "early twentieth century", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0ae": "state", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0af": "William Stranahan", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b0": "1914", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b1": "state", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b2": "Huntington Boulevard", "5725edfe38643c19005ace9f": "Southwest Fresno", "5725edfe38643c19005acea0": "41", "5725edfe38643c19005acea1": "African-American community", "5725edfe38643c19005acea2": "Fresno", "5725edfe38643c19005acea3": "99 freeway (which divides it from Downtown Fresno), west of the 41 freeway and south of Nielsen Ave", "5725f00938643c19005aced7": "The neighborhood includes Kearney Boulevard", "5725f00938643c19005aced8": "tall palm trees", "5725f00938643c19005aced9": "Fresno Street and Thorne Ave", "5725f00938643c19005aceda": "Fresno City Council", "5725f00938643c19005acedb": "2008", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d76f": "Fresno Housing Authority", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d770": "B", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d771": "Farms", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d772": "The Fresno Chandler Executive Airport is also on the West Side.", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d773": "Fresno", "5725f2c838643c19005aceed": "South bank of the San Joaquin River between Highway 41", "5725f2c838643c19005aceee": "South bank of the San Joaquin River between Highway 41", "5725f2c838643c19005aceef": "South bank of the San Joaquin River between Highway 41", "5725f2c838643c19005acef0": "22 miles (35 km) between Highway 99", "5725f2c838643c19005acef1": "April", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fa": "1946", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fb": "William Smilie", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fc": "William Smilie", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fd": "1946", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fe": "1946", "5725f5b1271a42140099d371": "July", "5725f5b1271a42140099d372": "July", "5725f5b1271a42140099d373": "July", "5725f5b1271a42140099d374": "northwest", "5725f5b1271a42140099d375": "July", "5725f6e138643c19005acf19": "115 \u00b0F", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1a": "January 6, 1913", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1b": "115 \u00b0F (46.1 \u00b0C), set on July 8, 1905, while the official record low is 17 \u00b0F (\u22128 \u00b0C)", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1c": "January 6, 1913.", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1d": "1885", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf23": "245,306", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf24": "245,306", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf25": "245,306", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf26": "245,306", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf27": "245,306", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b1": "158,349", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b2": "11,698", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b3": "158,349", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b4": "3.62", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b5": "3.07. There were 111,529 families (70.4% of all households); the average family size was 3.62", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac128": "149,025", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac129": "149,025", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12a": "149,025", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12b": "149,025", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12c": "149,025", "5725fb8138643c19005acf3f": "Federal Communications Commission", "5725fb8138643c19005acf40": "KMJ-TV, which debuted on June 1, 1953", "5725fb8138643c19005acf41": "1953", "5725fb8138643c19005acf42": "NBC affiliate KSEE", "5725fb8138643c19005acf43": "KMJ-TV, which debuted on June 1, 1953", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ad": "99", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ae": "99", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3af": "41", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3b0": "Kings Canyon Freeway) comes from the west", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7dd": "Fresno", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7de": "1950s", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7df": "99", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7e0": "9", "5725ff8238643c19005acf49": "Amtrak San Joaquins", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4a": "Downtown Fresno", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4b": "Fresno", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4c": "Southern Pacific branchlines", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4d": "Fresno", "5725d34089a1e219009abf50": "American computer scientist Paul Baran developed the concept Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching", "5725d34089a1e219009abf51": "bandwidth", "5725d34089a1e219009abf52": "bandwidth", "5725d34089a1e219009abf53": "packet switching", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc2f": "American", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc30": "fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc31": "packet switching", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf78": "circuit switching", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf79": "fee per unit of connection time", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf7a": "fee", "572634a789a1e219009ac56c": "circuit switching", "572634a789a1e219009ac56d": "fee", "572634a789a1e219009ac56e": "fee", "572634a789a1e219009ac56f": "fee per unit of connection time", "5726219489a1e219009ac2ce": "a multiple access scheme", "5726219489a1e219009ac2cf": "intermediate network nodes", "5726219489a1e219009ac2d0": "radio or 10BASE5", "5726356938643c19005ad2ff": "a multiple access scheme", "5726356938643c19005ad300": "intermediate network nodes", "5726356938643c19005ad301": "radio or 10BASE5), the packets may be delivered according to a multiple access scheme", "5726249538643c19005ad07f": "switching", "5726249538643c19005ad080": "Baran developed the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching", "5726249538643c19005ad081": "three", "5726249538643c19005ad082": "Baran developed the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4a": "RAND report P-2626 in 1962, and finally in report RM 3420", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4c": "store and forward switching", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc49": "switching", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4b": "RAND report P-2626 in 1962, and finally in report RM 3420", "572629c6271a42140099d6a3": "National Physical Laboratory", "572629c6271a42140099d6a4": "National Physical Laboratory", "572629c6271a42140099d6a5": "National Physical Laboratory", "572629c6271a42140099d6a6": "the ARPANET", "5726378238643c19005ad313": "Donald Davies", "5726378238643c19005ad314": "National Physical Laboratory", "5726378238643c19005ad315": "Lawrence Roberts", "5726385e271a42140099d797": "complete addressing information", "5726385e271a42140099d798": "individually", "5726385e271a42140099d799": "complete addressing information", "5726385e271a42140099d79a": "a destination address, source address, and port numbers. It may also be labeled with the sequence number", "5726398589a1e219009ac58b": "Address information is only transferred to each node", "5726398589a1e219009ac58a": "a table", "5726398589a1e219009ac589": "address information", "5726398589a1e219009ac588": "Address information is only transferred to each node", "57263b1638643c19005ad333": "two", "57263b1638643c19005ad335": "Internet Protocol (IP) at the network layer", "57263b1638643c19005ad334": "Frame relay operates principally at layer two", "57263b1638643c19005ad336": "X.25", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7b": "HLN", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7c": "X.25 in 1973", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7d": "The User Datagram Protocol (UDP", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7e": "suite", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8d": "AppleTalk", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8e": "local area networks to be established ad hoc without the requirement for a centralized router or server. The AppleTalk system automatically assigned addresses", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8f": "addresses", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc90": "It was a plug-n-play", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a2": "Louis Pouzin", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a3": "CYCLADES packet switching network was a French research network designed and directed by Louis Pouzin", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a4": "CYCLADES packet switching network was a French research network designed and directed by Louis Pouzin", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a5": "Concepts of this network influenced later ARPANET architecture", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c3": "Digital Equipment Corporation", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c4": "Digital Equipment Corporation, originally released in 1975", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c5": "three", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c6": "Digital Equipment Corporation. However, DECnet Phase II", "57263fd138643c19005ad37b": "1965", "57263fd138643c19005ad37c": "four", "57263fd138643c19005ad37d": "Warner Sinback", "57263fd138643c19005ad37e": "1965", "5726414e271a42140099d7e5": "Michigan Educational Research Information Triad", "5726414e271a42140099d7e6": "Merit", "5726414e271a42140099d7e7": "National Science Foundation", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf5": "Larry Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf6": "Larry Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf7": "Larry Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf8": "Larry Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf9": "GTE", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd13": "San Jose, CA", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd14": "San Jose, CA", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd15": "dial-up connections or dedicated async connections", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd16": "private network business that allowed government agencies and large companies (mostly banks", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd17": "X.25/X.75", "572643de5951261400b5195a": "two", "572643de5951261400b5195b": "Bell Northern Research", "572643de5951261400b5195c": "Deutsche Bundespost", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404d": "Telstra", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404e": "X.25 network operated by Telstra", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404f": "Telstra", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac6": "Telepad", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac7": "X.121 DNIC 2041), the name also referred to the public PAD service Telepad", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac8": "Telepad", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac9": "Telepad", "5726462b708984140094c117": "The Computer Science Network", "5726462b708984140094c118": "The Computer Science Network", "5726462b708984140094c119": "1981", "5726472bdd62a815002e8042": "Level 3 Communications", "5726472bdd62a815002e8043": "Level 3 Communications", "5726472bdd62a815002e8044": "Abilene, in 1998", "5726472bdd62a815002e8045": "Level 3 Communications", "5726472bdd62a815002e8046": "Level 3 Communications", "572647e2dd62a815002e805c": "National Science Foundation Network", "572647e2dd62a815002e805d": "National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) was a program of coordinated, evolving projects sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) beginning in 1985", "572647e2dd62a815002e805e": "National Science Foundation Network", "572648d1708984140094c15d": "MCI Telecommunications", "572648d1708984140094c15e": "MCI Telecommunications", "572648d1708984140094c15f": "MCI Telecommunications", "572648d1708984140094c160": "1998", "572648d1708984140094c161": "MCI Telecommunications", "57264684708984140094c123": "Central Asia", "57264684708984140094c124": "%", "57264684708984140094c125": "%", "57264684708984140094c126": "plague", "57264684708984140094c127": "Black Death", "572647935951b619008f6ec9": "The plague disease, caused by Yersinia pestis", "572647935951b619008f6eca": "Nestorian", "572647935951b619008f6ecb": "The plague disease, caused by Yersinia pestis", "572647935951b619008f6ecc": "The plague disease, caused by Yersinia pestis", "572647935951b619008f6ecd": "The plague disease, caused by Yersinia pestis", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0a": "Sicily", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0b": "Plague", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0c": "Jani Beg was suffering from the disease, the army catapulted the infected corpses over the city walls", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0d": "Sicily", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0e": "war, famine, and weather contributed to the severity of the Black Death", "572648ed5951b619008f6f03": "Italy", "572648ed5951b619008f6f04": "Italy", "572648ed5951b619008f6f05": "Italy", "572648ed5951b619008f6f06": "Germany and Scandinavia", "572648ed5951b619008f6f07": "1349", "57264991f1498d1400e8db2e": "Alexandria", "57264991f1498d1400e8db2f": "autumn 1347", "57264991f1498d1400e8db30": "autumn 1347", "57264991f1498d1400e8db31": "north", "57264a74708984140094c18b": "Gasquet (1908", "57264a74708984140094c18c": "atra mors", "57264a74708984140094c18d": "the black death", "57264a74708984140094c18e": "1823", "57264a74708984140094c18f": "1823 that the medieval epidemic was first called the Black Death", "57264b3edd62a815002e80aa": "the heavens", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ab": "Paris", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ac": "Miasma", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ad": "Miasma", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c6": "plague theory, which attributes the outbreak to Yersinia pestis", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c7": "Black Death is the plague theory, which attributes the outbreak to Yersinia pestis", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c8": "Alexandre", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c9": "Hong Kong", "57264c42dd62a815002e80ca": "Black Death is the plague theory, which attributes the outbreak to Yersinia pestis", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e4": "Francis Aidan Gasquet", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e5": "Francis Aidan Gasquet wrote about the 'Great Pestilence", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e6": "Francis Aidan Gasquet wrote about the 'Great Pestilence", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e7": "Francis Aidan Gasquet wrote about the 'Great Pestilence", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e8": "Francis Aidan Gasquet wrote about the 'Great Pestilence", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7a": "30\u201375%", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7b": "purple skin patches (purpura due to disseminated intravascular coagulation).", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7c": "80", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7d": "30\u201375%", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7e": "bubonic plague has a mortality rate of 30\u201375%", "57264e2f708984140094c1e1": "2010", "57264e2f708984140094c1e2": "Black Death", "57264e2f708984140094c1e3": "Polymerase Chain Reaction", "57264e2f708984140094c1e4": "Black Death", "57264e2f708984140094c1e5": "Black Death", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbae": "Y. p. orientalis and Y. p. medievalis", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbaf": "orientalis and Y. p. medievalis", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb0": "orientalis and Y. p. medievalis", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb1": "orientalis and Y. p. medievalis", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb2": "orientalis and Y. p. medievalis", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa1": "Y. pestis", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa2": "East Smithfield", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa3": "medieval Europe was caused by a variant of Y. pestis", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa4": "Nature", "5726509bdd62a815002e815a": "Graham Twigg", "5726509bdd62a815002e815b": "J. F. D. Shrewsbury in 1970", "5726509bdd62a815002e815c": "J. F. D. Shrewsbury in 1970", "5726509bdd62a815002e815d": "zoo", "5726509bdd62a815002e815e": "1984", "5726516a708984140094c223": "an epidemiological", "5726516a708984140094c224": "an epidemiological account of the plague is as important as an identification of symptoms, but researchers are hampered by the lack of reliable statistics", "5726516a708984140094c225": "over 100%", "5726516a708984140094c226": "the clergy", "5726516a708984140094c227": "no census was undertaken between the time of publication of the Domesday Book and the year 1377", "57265285708984140094c25b": "the rat population", "57265285708984140094c25c": "marginal", "57265285708984140094c25d": "rats", "57265285708984140094c25e": "rat population", "57265285708984140094c25f": "5 to 15 years", "5726534d708984140094c26d": "a form of anthrax", "5726534d708984140094c26e": "2001", "5726534d708984140094c26f": "Scott and Duncan have argued that the pandemic was a form of infectious disease that characterise as hemorrhagic plague similar to Ebola", "5726534d708984140094c270": "a form of anthrax", "5726534d708984140094c271": "25", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc28": "about a third. The Black Death killed about 40%", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc29": "about 40%", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2a": "about a third. The Black Death", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2b": "about a third. The Black Death killed about 40%", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2c": "about a third", "572654e2708984140094c2b7": "Geoffrey Parker", "572654e2708984140094c2b8": "Geoffrey Parker", "572654e2708984140094c2b9": "almost a million", "5726559edd62a815002e81c8": "2 million", "5726559edd62a815002e81c9": "1350, the Black Death", "5726559edd62a815002e81ca": "Black Death", "5726559edd62a815002e81cb": "1665", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc68": "16th and 17th centuries, the plague was present in Paris around 30 per cent of the time. The Black Death", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc69": "The Black Death", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6b": "the Italian Plague", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6c": "Black Death", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6a": "22 times between 1361 and 1528. The plague of 1576\u201377 killed 50,000", "57265700dd62a815002e820e": "1.7 million", "57265700dd62a815002e820f": "about half", "57265700dd62a815002e8210": "The plague of 1649 probably reduced the population of Seville by half", "57265700dd62a815002e8211": "1709\u201313, a plague epidemic that followed the Great Northern War (1700\u201321, Sweden v. Russia and allies) killed about 100,000", "57265700dd62a815002e8212": "1720 in Marseille", "5726577f708984140094c301": "1500 and 1850", "5726577f708984140094c302": "30 to 50 thousand", "5726577f708984140094c303": "Plague", "5726577f708984140094c304": "Black Death", "572657d9dd62a815002e8230": "melt (magma and/or lava", "572657d9dd62a815002e8231": "heat and pressure", "572657d9dd62a815002e8232": "There are three major types of rock: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. The rock cycle", "572657d9dd62a815002e8233": "igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. The rock cycle", "572657d9dd62a815002e8234": "pressure", "57265d08708984140094c397": "seafloor spreading", "57265d08708984140094c398": "the crust and rigid uppermost portion of the upper mantle", "57265d08708984140094c399": "plate tectonics", "57265d08708984140094c39a": "plate tectonics", "57265d08708984140094c39b": "1960s, a series of discoveries, the most important of which was seafloor spreading", "57265f605951b619008f70db": "divergent boundaries", "57265f605951b619008f70dc": "divergent boundaries", "57265f605951b619008f70dd": "San Andreas fault system", "57265f605951b619008f70de": "Mid-ocean ridges, high regions on the seafloor where hydrothermal vents and volcanoes exist, were explained as divergent boundaries", "57265f605951b619008f70df": "Mid-ocean ridges, high regions on the seafloor", "57266193dd62a815002e832a": "seismic waves", "57266193dd62a815002e832b": "seismic waves in reverse to image the interior of the Earth. Early advances in this field showed the existence of a liquid outer core", "57266193dd62a815002e832d": "410 and 660 kilometers", "57266193dd62a815002e832e": "wave speeds", "57266193dd62a815002e832c": "the mantle below (separated within itself by seismic discontinuities at 410 and 660 kilometers", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf2": "the entire time from the formation of the Earth to the present, but this compresses the most recent eon", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf4": "second scale shows the most recent eon with an expanded scale. The second scale compresses the most recent era", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf5": "the entire time from the formation of the Earth to the present, but this compresses the most recent eon", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf6": "the entire time from the formation of the Earth to the present, but this compresses the most recent eon", "572665ff708984140094c4c3": "younger", "572665ff708984140094c4c4": "younger than the rocks they cut; accordingly, if a fault is found that penetrates some formations but not those on top of it, then the formations", "572665ff708984140094c4c5": "key bed", "572665ff708984140094c4c6": "younger", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de90": "xenoliths", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de91": "magma or lava flows", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de92": "components", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de93": "components", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de94": "gravel", "572669a9dd62a815002e8416": "faunal succession", "572669a9dd62a815002e8417": "the appearance of fossils", "572669a9dd62a815002e8418": "the appearance of fossils in sedimentary rocks", "572669a9dd62a815002e8419": "fossils", "572669a9dd62a815002e841a": "William Smith almost a hundred years before the publication of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, the principles of succession were developed independently of evolutionary thought", "57266c015951b619008f7237": "absolute dates to geologic events using radioactive isotopes and other methods", "57266c015951b619008f7238": "fossils and stratigraphic correlation to date", "57266c015951b619008f7239": "absolute ages to rock units", "57266c015951b619008f723a": "geologists could only use fossils and stratigraphic correlation to date sections of rock relative to one another. With isotopic dates", "57266c015951b619008f723b": "ages to rock units", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8c": "temperature profiles within the crust", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8d": "geochronologic and thermochronologic studies.", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8e": "These", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8f": "Dating of lava and volcanic ash layers found within a stratigraphic sequence", "5726701add62a815002e84c8": "muds, do not significantly change in volume", "5726701add62a815002e84c9": "shallow crust", "5726701add62a815002e84ca": "\"antiforms", "5726701add62a815002e84cb": "\"antiforms", "5726701add62a815002e84cc": "anticlines and synclines", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe4": "Extension", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe5": "as boudins", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe6": "Extension", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe7": "ed", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe8": "become longer and thinner", "572673f5708984140094c69b": "along cracks", "572673f5708984140094c69c": "gradient", "572673f5708984140094c69d": "hillslopes and channels", "572673f5708984140094c69e": "Continual motion", "572673f5708984140094c69f": "Deformation", "57267640f1498d1400e8e074": "flows", "57267640f1498d1400e8e075": "the Acasta gneiss of the Slave craton in northwestern Canada, the oldest known rock in the world have been metamorphosed", "57267640f1498d1400e8e076": "Hawaiian Islands, for example, consist almost entirely of layered basaltic lava flows", "57267640f1498d1400e8e077": "Cambrian time", "57267640f1498d1400e8e078": "the Acasta gneiss of the Slave craton in northwestern Canada, the oldest known rock in the world have been metamorphosed", "572677e7708984140094c723": "rocks", "572677e7708984140094c724": "sedimentary layers", "572677e7708984140094c725": "ogy", "572677e7708984140094c726": "soils, rivers, landscapes, and glaciers", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ec": "optical microscopy and by using an electron microprobe", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ed": "electron microprobe", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ee": "geochemical evolution of rock units", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ef": "laboratory", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0f0": "optical microscopy and by using an electron microprobe", "57267b3c5951b619008f7423": "high temperature and pressure physical experiments to understand the temperatures and pressures at which different mineral phases appear, and how they change through igneous and metamorphic processes", "57267b3c5951b619008f7424": "high temperature and pressure physical experiments to understand the temperatures and pressures", "57267b3c5951b619008f7425": "high temperature", "57267d52708984140094c7d9": "microscopic analysis of oriented thin sections of geologic samples to observe the fabric", "57267d52708984140094c7da": "microscopic", "57267d52708984140094c7db": "plot and combine measurements of geological structures in order to better understand the orientations of faults and folds in order to reconstruct the history of rock deformation", "57267d52708984140094c7dc": "numerical", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872c": "orogenic wedges", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872d": "orogenic wedges", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872e": "sand", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872f": "ing", "57267ebfdd62a815002e8730": "often more sophisticated and can include patterns of erosion and uplift in the mountain belt", "57268066708984140094c821": "laboratory", "57268066708984140094c822": "geophysical surveys that show the locations of stratigraphic units in the subsurface", "57268066708984140094c823": "well logs", "57268066708984140094c824": "computer programs", "57268066708984140094c825": "coal, and hydrocarbon", "57268220f1498d1400e8e218": "Geo", "57268220f1498d1400e8e216": "biostratigraphers", "57268220f1498d1400e8e219": "ers", "57268220f1498d1400e8e217": "Geo", "572683f95951b619008f7525": "Persia", "572683f95951b619008f7526": "Abu al-Rayhan al-Biruni", "572683f95951b619008f7527": "Persia", "572683f95951b619008f7528": "Persia", "572683f95951b619008f7529": "deposition of silt", "57268527708984140094c8bf": "James Hutton", "57268527708984140094c8c0": "Theory of the Earth", "57268527708984140094c8c1": "1795", "57268527708984140094c8c2": "1795", "572686ac5951b619008f75a9": "1809", "572686ac5951b619008f75aa": "1809", "572686ac5951b619008f75ab": "1809", "572686ac5951b619008f75ad": "a memoir entitled Observations", "572686ac5951b619008f75ac": "1809", "57268882f1498d1400e8e306": "Principles of Geology", "57268882f1498d1400e8e307": "Sir Charles Lyell first published his famous book, Principles of Geology, in 1830", "57268882f1498d1400e8e308": "catastrophism is the theory that Earth's features formed in single, catastrophic events", "57268882f1498d1400e8e309": "slow geological processes have occurred throughout the Earth's history and are still occurring today. In contrast, catastrophism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e30a": "Sir Charles Lyell first published his famous book, Principles of Geology, in 1830. This book, which influenced the thought of Charles Darwin", "5726642f5951b619008f7157": "103", "5726642f5951b619008f7158": "Edinburgh", "5726642f5951b619008f7159": "Eurocities", "5726642f5951b619008f715a": "Northumberland", "5726642f5951b619008f715b": "Geordie", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de30": "Robert Curthose", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de31": "wool trade", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de32": "coal", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de33": "16th", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de34": "Great North Run", "5726660d5951b619008f71b1": "a Roman fort and bridge across the River Tyne", "5726660d5951b619008f71b2": "Tyne", "5726660d5951b619008f71b3": "2,000", "5726660d5951b619008f71b4": "West Road", "5726660d5951b619008f71b5": "Tyne", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b4": "England's northern fortress.", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b5": "Elizabeth", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b6": "A 25-foot (7.6 m) high", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b7": "William the Lion", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b8": "William the Lion", "57266783f1498d1400e8de86": "coal", "57266783f1498d1400e8de87": "the Hostmen", "57266783f1498d1400e8de88": "pointless pursuit", "57266783f1498d1400e8de89": "entrepreneur, widely regarded as an eccentric", "57266783f1498d1400e8de8a": "coal", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def6": "close-knit community of keelmen and their families", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def7": "London", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def8": "7,000", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def9": "1630s about 7,000", "57266a15f1498d1400e8defa": "Sandgate area, to the east of the city and beside the river, resided the close-knit community of keelmen", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8434": "the King", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8435": "the Scots", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8436": "with roaring drummes", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8437": "motto", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8438": "Charles I", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df53": "the Maling company", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df54": "the Maling company", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df55": "electric lighting", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df52": "Revolution", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df56": "turbine", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df78": "Narrow alleys or 'chares', most of which can only be traversed by foot, still exist in abundance, particularly around the riverside", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df79": "Narrow alleys or 'chares', most of which can only be traversed by foot, still exist in abundance, particularly around the riverside", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7a": "Narrow alleys or 'chares', most of which can only be traversed by foot, still exist in abundance, particularly around the riverside", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7b": "Narrow alleys or 'chares', most of which can only be traversed by foot, still exist in abundance, particularly around the riverside", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7c": "Narrow alleys or 'chares', most of which can only be traversed by foot, still exist in abundance, particularly around the riverside", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a0": "Stuart Maconie", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a1": "Stuart Maconie", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a2": "Grey Street", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a3": "Tyneside Classical largely developed in the 1830s by Richard Grainger and John Dobson, and recently extensively restored. Broadcaster and writer Stuart Maconie", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a4": "Tyneside Classical largely developed in the 1830s by Richard Grainger and John Dobson, and recently extensively restored. Broadcaster and writer Stuart Maconie", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa4": "the Town Moor", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa5": "the Town Moor", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa7": "The Hoppings", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa8": "Hoppings funfair, said to be the largest travelling funfair in Europe, is held here annually in June", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa6": "King Harald V of Norway", "57267076708984140094c601": "regeneration", "57267076708984140094c602": "Millennium Bridge was commissioned by Gateshead Council", "57267076708984140094c603": "Norman Foster", "57267076708984140094c604": "\"NewcastleGateshead", "57267076708984140094c605": "ten", "572671165951b619008f72b7": "the Grainger Town area", "572671165951b619008f72b8": "Newcastle is the Grainger Town area. Established on classical streets built by Richard Grainger, a builder and developer, between 1835 and 1842", "572671165951b619008f72b9": "four stories high, with vertical dormers, domes, turrets and spikes", "572671165951b619008f72ba": "244", "572671e55951b619008f72d7": "the Butcher Market", "572671e55951b619008f72d8": "1835", "572671e55951b619008f72d9": "2000", "572671e55951b619008f72da": "in 1835", "572671e55951b619008f72db": "English Heritage", "57267383dd62a815002e8552": "oceanic", "57267383dd62a815002e8553": "North Atlantic Drift", "57267383dd62a815002e8554": "rain shadow", "57267383dd62a815002e8555": "Newcastle Weather Centre", "57267383dd62a815002e8556": "milder winters and cooler summers, similar to the remainder of the British Isles", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03a": "2010", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03b": "the Eldon Square Shopping Centre", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03c": "Newcastle store Bainbridge's", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03d": "department", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03e": "March 2007", "5726769c708984140094c711": "Grainger Street", "5726769c708984140094c712": "Tesco store in the United Kingdom is located in Kingston Park on the edge of Newcastle", "5726769c708984140094c713": "Tesco", "5726769c708984140094c714": "MetroCentre", "5726769c708984140094c715": "Gateshead", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ac": "Tyneside flat", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ad": "terraces", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ae": "Tyneside flat", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0af": "Tyneside flat", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0b0": "Tyneside flat", "572678c0dd62a815002e863e": "flats and waterside apartments to 25.6%", "572678c0dd62a815002e863f": "5.9%", "572678c0dd62a815002e8640": "5.9%", "572678c0dd62a815002e8641": "5.9%", "572678c0dd62a815002e8642": "Wells", "572679c35951b619008f73db": "282,442", "572679c35951b619008f73dc": "189,863, whereas the metropolitan borough of Newcastle had a population of around 259,000", "572679c35951b619008f73dd": "189,863", "572679c35951b619008f73de": "189,863", "572679c35951b619008f73df": "Office for National Statistics", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e122": "37.8", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e123": "37.8", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e124": "Border Reiver", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e125": "500 and 2,000", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e126": "500 and 2,000", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a6": "Geordie", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a7": "Anglo-Saxon populations", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a8": "Newcastle", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a9": "Geordie", "57267b65dd62a815002e86aa": "stream", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d6": "barn", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d7": "Newcastle", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d8": "pretty", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d9": "Many words, however, appear to be used exclusively in Newcastle and the surrounding area, such as \"Canny", "57267c63dd62a815002e86da": "bonny\" (meaning \"pretty", "57267ce7708984140094c7c9": "80.4 decibels", "57267ce7708984140094c7ca": "80.4 decibels", "57267ce7708984140094c7cb": "80.4", "57267ce7708984140094c7cc": "80.4 decibels. The report claimed that these noise levels", "57267ce7708984140094c7cd": "80.4 decibels", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e194": "Collingwood Street", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e195": "Collingwood Street", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e196": "The Gate", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e197": "The Pink Triangle", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e198": "Newcastle's gay scene - 'The Pink Triangle' - is centred on the Times Square area near the Centre for Life", "57267f695951b619008f74bd": "theatre", "57267f695951b619008f74be": "1788", "57267f695951b619008f74bf": "Newcastle", "57267f695951b619008f74c0": "1788", "57267f695951b619008f74c1": "Grey Street", "5726800add62a815002e8750": "Northern", "5726800add62a815002e8751": "Royal on Grey Street", "5726800add62a815002e8752": "Royal Shakespeare Company", "5726800add62a815002e8753": "Northern", "5726800add62a815002e8754": "arts capital of the UK", "572680865951b619008f74e7": "The Literary and Philosophical Society", "572680865951b619008f74e8": "8000", "572680865951b619008f74e9": "John and Benjamin Green", "572680865951b619008f74ea": "lecture theatre", "572680865951b619008f74eb": "Joseph Swan", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fa": "North East Art Expo", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fb": "Newcastle Beer Festival, organized by CAMRA, takes place in April. In May, Newcastle and Gateshead", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fc": "Newcastle", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fd": "EAT! NewcastleGateshead", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fe": "2 weeks each year in mid June", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23c": "The Hoppings", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23d": "The Hoppings", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23e": "The Hoppings", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23f": "Newcastle", "57268341f1498d1400e8e240": "The Hoppings", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24c": "Newcastle Mela", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24e": "Norman Foster designed Sage Gateshead Music and Arts Centre in September", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24f": "Design Event festival\u2014an annual festival providing the public with an opportunity to see work by regional, national and international designers. The SAMA Festival", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e250": "East", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24d": "NewcastleGateshead", "5726847f708984140094c8ab": "Skyclad", "5726847f708984140094c8ac": "Skyclad", "5726847f708984140094c8ad": "Skyclad", "5726847f708984140094c8ae": "Skyclad", "5726847f708984140094c8af": "Skyclad", "57268525dd62a815002e8806": "2006 and May 2008", "57268525dd62a815002e8807": "Gateshead", "57268525dd62a815002e8808": "three", "57268525dd62a815002e8809": "Pilgrim Street building was refurbished between November 2006 and May 2008; during the refurbishment works, the cinema relocated to the Old Town Hall, Gateshead", "57268525dd62a815002e880a": "Pilgrim Street", "57268692dd62a815002e8826": "Centre for Life", "57268692dd62a815002e8827": "Seven Stories", "57268692dd62a815002e8828": "Seven Stories", "57268692dd62a815002e8829": "Seven Stories", "57268692dd62a815002e882a": "Seven Stories", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e2": "1939", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e3": "Get Carter", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e4": "noir thriller Stormy Monday, directed by Mike Figgis", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e5": "Mike Figgis", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e6": "Newcastle", "572687e1dd62a815002e8852": "Gosforth Park", "572687e1dd62a815002e8853": "Newcastle Diamonds", "572687e1dd62a815002e8854": "Newcastle Diamonds", "572687e1dd62a815002e8855": "Newcastle Diamonds are based at Brough Park", "572687e1dd62a815002e8856": "1981", "57268885dd62a815002e886a": "6 miles (9.7 km) from the city centre on the northern outskirts of the city near Ponteland", "57268885dd62a815002e886b": "Metro Light Rail system", "57268885dd62a815002e886c": "6 miles (9.7 km) from the city centre on the northern outskirts of the city near Ponteland", "57268885dd62a815002e886d": "over five million", "57268885dd62a815002e886e": "90", "572689385951b619008f761b": "In 2014, work was completed on the stations historic entrance", "572689385951b619008f761c": "six", "572689385951b619008f761d": "Queen Victoria", "572689385951b619008f761e": "Robert Stephenson", "572689385951b619008f761f": "Manors", "572689b6dd62a815002e8890": "Virgin Trains East Coast", "572689b6dd62a815002e8891": "Virgin Trains East Coast", "572689b6dd62a815002e8892": "Edinburgh", "572689b6dd62a815002e8893": "CrossCountry", "572689b6dd62a815002e8894": "Northern Rail", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88ce": "Metro", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88cf": "five", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d0": "deep-level tunnels constructed through Newcastle city centre", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d1": "A bridge was built across the Tyne, between Newcastle and Gateshead, and opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1981", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d2": "37 million", "57268bb25951b619008f7645": "'Metro: All Change.", "57268bb25951b619008f7646": "smart ticketing", "57268bb25951b619008f7647": "North Shields", "57268bb25951b619008f7648": "the procurement of an entirely new fleet of trains and further extensions to the system. Proposed routes include to Newcastle's west end", "57268bb25951b619008f7649": "trams", "57268d1b708984140094c9cd": "A1", "57268d1b708984140094c9ce": "A69", "57268d1b708984140094c9cf": "Carlisle", "57268d1b708984140094c9d0": "A1", "57268d1b708984140094c9d1": "Carlisle", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e6": "Go-Ahead", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e7": "Haymarket bus station and Eldon Square", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e8": "Stagecoach", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e9": "Go-Ahead", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3ea": "Go-Ahead", "57269120708984140094ca59": "1998", "57269120708984140094ca5a": "highlighting the usage of cycling to cut city congestion", "57269120708984140094ca5b": "cycling", "57269120708984140094ca5c": "one way", "57269120708984140094ca5d": "national networks", "5726934f5951b619008f771d": "Gothenburg", "5726934f5951b619008f771e": "Gothenburg", "5726934f5951b619008f771f": "Gothenburg, Sweden", "5726934f5951b619008f7720": "Bergen", "5726934f5951b619008f7721": "Thomson cruise lines", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4e": "eleven", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4f": "Royal Grammar School", "57269526dd62a815002e8a50": "the Royal Grammar School", "57269526dd62a815002e8a51": "Royal Grammar School", "57269526dd62a815002e8a52": "Royal Grammar School", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6c": "Newcastle Polytechnic", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6d": "Newcastle University has its origins in the School of Medicine and Surgery, established in 1834", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6e": "Sunday Times University of the Year award", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6f": "Newcastle Polytechnic", "57269698dd62a815002e8a70": "Computing", "572699b55951b619008f778f": "three", "572699b55951b619008f7790": "Newcastle", "572699b55951b619008f7791": "Newcastle has three cathedrals, the Anglican St. Nicholas", "572699b55951b619008f7792": "St Thomas the Martyr", "572699b55951b619008f7793": "parish", "57269b165951b619008f77b3": "St Andrew", "57269b165951b619008f77b4": "12th Century and the last addition to it, apart from the vestries, was the main porch", "57269b165951b619008f77b5": "main porch", "57269b165951b619008f77b6": "St Andrew", "57269b165951b619008f77b7": "the Scots", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ca": "City Road", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cb": "City Road", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cc": "5", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cd": "Barrack Road", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ce": "Look North television regional news programme and local radio station BBC Radio Newcastle", "57269d745951b619008f77d7": "NE1fm", "57269d745951b619008f77d8": "students from both of the city's universities, broadcasting from Newcastle University's student's union building", "57269d745951b619008f77d9": "1951", "57269d745951b619008f77da": "Lollipop station based at the Great North Children's Hospital in the Newcastle Royal Victoria Infirmary", "57269d745951b619008f77db": "Newcastle University's student's union building", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e520": "1770", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e521": "Westminster", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e522": "Lord Armstrong", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e523": "Newcastle upon Tyne in 1709 and died there in 1770", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e524": "Basil Hume, Archbishop of Westminster", "57269fab5951b619008f7807": "Rutherford Grammar", "57269fab5951b619008f7808": "Newcastle", "57269fab5951b619008f7809": "Nobel", "57269fab5951b619008f780a": "Newcastle", "57269fab5951b619008f780b": "Newcastle", "5726710b708984140094c61d": "1852", "5726710b708984140094c61e": "4.5 million", "5726710b708984140094c61f": "1852", "5726710b708984140094c620": "1852", "572680ac708984140094c83d": "Brompton district of the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea", "572680ac708984140094c83e": "1852", "572680ac708984140094c83f": "1852", "572680ac708984140094c840": "the Department for Culture, Media and Sport", "572680ac708984140094c841": "2001", "57268294708984140094c877": "12", "57268294708984140094c878": "12", "57268294708984140094c879": "5", "57268294708984140094c87a": "5,000 years of art, from ancient times to the present day, from the cultures of Europe, North America, Asia and North Africa", "57268294708984140094c87b": "The museum owns the world's largest collection of post-classical sculpture", "572685cd5951b619008f7573": "Great Exhibition", "572685cd5951b619008f7574": "Henry Cole", "572685cd5951b619008f7575": "the Museum of Manufactures", "572685cd5951b619008f7576": "Somerset House", "572685cd5951b619008f7577": "Gottfried Semper", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e378": "Queen Victoria", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e379": "Queen Victoria was on 22 June 1857", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37a": "George Wallis", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37b": "Queen Victoria", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37c": "1949", "57268f2c708984140094ca25": "September and November 1946", "57268f2c708984140094ca26": "nearly a million", "57268f2c708984140094ca27": "the Council of Industrial Design", "57268f2c708984140094ca28": "the Festival of Britain (1951). By 1948", "57268f2c708984140094ca29": "1948", "572691d7708984140094ca6d": "Roy Strong", "572691d7708984140094ca6e": "Roy Strong", "572691d7708984140094ca6f": "Roy Strong", "572691d7708984140094ca70": "1973", "57269656708984140094cafd": "\u00a343 million", "57269656708984140094cafe": "\u00a376 million", "57269656708984140094caff": "\u00a343 million", "57269656708984140094cb00": "waterfront", "57269656708984140094cb01": "\u00a343 million", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a98": "Childhood", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a99": "1857", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9a": "1852", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9b": "June 1862", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9c": "South Kensington", "57269c06708984140094cba1": "Owen Jones", "57269c06708984140094cba2": "Italian Renaissance", "57269c06708984140094cba3": "north fa\u00e7ade", "57269c06708984140094cba4": "north fa\u00e7ade", "57269c06708984140094cba5": "north fa\u00e7ade", "57269d68708984140094cbd7": "The Green Dining Room 1866\u201368", "57269d68708984140094cbd8": "Edward Burne-Jones", "57269d68708984140094cbd9": "Edward Burne-Jones", "57269d68708984140094cbda": "Alfred Stevens", "57269d68708984140094cbdb": "Sir", "5726a0205951b619008f781b": "Colonel (later Major General) Henry Young Darracott Scott", "5726a0205951b619008f781c": "five-storey School for Naval Architects", "5726a0205951b619008f781d": "Cadeby", "5726a0205951b619008f781e": "Colonel (later Major General) Henry Young Darracott Scott", "5726a0205951b619008f781f": "2008", "5726a2445951b619008f7861": "F. W. Moody", "5726a2445951b619008f7862": "F. W. Moody", "5726a2445951b619008f7863": "Scott also designed the two Cast Courts 1870\u201373 to the southeast of the garden", "5726a2445951b619008f7864": "south", "5726a2445951b619008f7865": "various designers were responsible for the decoration, the terracotta embellishments were again the work of Godfrey Sykes", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5fe": "Aston Webb", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5ff": "Aston Webb", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e600": "720 feet (220 m) along Cromwell Gardens and was designed by Aston Webb", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e601": "Aston Webb", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e602": "The main fa\u00e7ade, built from red brick and Portland stone, stretches 720 feet (220 m) along Cromwell Gardens and was designed by Aston Webb", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4b": "Alfred Drury", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4c": "four", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4d": "Prince Albert", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4e": "marble", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4f": "Prince Albert appears within the main arch above the twin entrances, Queen Victoria", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9e": "south-west", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9f": "Henry Cole wing", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca0": "Royal College of Science", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca1": "the iron gates by Christopher Hay and Douglas Coyne of the Royal College of Art", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca2": "Spiral, between 1978 and 1982", "5726afeb708984140094cdd7": "2009", "5726afeb708984140094cdd8": "Central Hall Shop, Islamic Middle East, the new caf\u00e9, sculpture galleries. Several designers and architects have been involved in this work. Eva Ji\u0159i\u010dn\u00e1", "5726afeb708984140094cdd9": "FuturePlan\"", "5726afeb708984140094cdda": "South Kensington", "5726afeb708984140094cddb": "Eva Ji\u0159i\u010dn\u00e1", "5726b12f5951b619008f7aaf": "Kim Wilkie", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab0": "Kim Wilkie", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab1": "stone", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab2": "stone", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab3": "an American Sweetgum tree", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e4": "2004", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e5": "2004", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e7": "600,000", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e6": "RIBA Drawings and Archives", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e8": "2004", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b99": "Andrea Palladio", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9a": "Antonio Visentini", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9b": "330", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9c": "Antonio Visentini", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9d": "Jacques Gentilhatre and Antonio Visentini", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6a": "two top stories of the facade of Sir Paul Pindar's house dated c1600", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6b": "c1600", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6c": "c1600", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6d": "Montal", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6e": "the Alhambra", "5726bc505951b619008f7c79": "19,000", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7a": "2006", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7b": "the Ardabil Carpet", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7c": "2006", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7d": "The Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c0": "Jawaharlal Nehru", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c1": "Jawaharlal Nehru", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c2": "Jawaharlal Nehru", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c4": "Jawaharlal Nehru", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c3": "Jawaharlal Nehru", "5726bf325951b619008f7cfd": "70,000 works of art from the countries of East Asia: China, Japan and Korea", "5726bf325951b619008f7cfe": "T. T. Tsui", "5726bf325951b619008f7cff": "T. T. Tsui", "5726bf325951b619008f7d00": "T. T. Tsui", "5726bf325951b619008f7d01": "T. T. Tsui", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd8": "Toshiba", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd9": "Toshiba gallery of Japanese art opened in December 1986", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fda": "13th", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdb": "Toshiba", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdc": "koro", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de7": "14th to the 19th century", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de8": "Tibetan", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de9": "Refined Hindu and Buddhist sculptures", "5726c80c5951b619008f7dea": "500 AD and 2000", "5726c80c5951b619008f7deb": "betel-nut cutters, ivory combs and bronze palanquin hooks", "5726c9a4708984140094d16f": "three", "5726c9a4708984140094d170": "three parchment-bound manuscripts, Forster I", "5726c9a4708984140094d171": "18,000", "5726c9a4708984140094d172": "18,000", "5726c9a4708984140094d173": "18,000 books to the museum in 1876 by John Forster. The Reverend Alexander Dyce", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9086": "Eadwine Psalter", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9087": "Eadwine Psalter", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9088": "12th to 16th centuries include: the Eadwine Psalter", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9089": "Joan of Arc", "5726cc11dd62a815002e908a": "Lucas Horenbout", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc4": "Victoria", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc5": "MODES", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc6": "Encoded Archival Description", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc8": "MODES", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc7": "Search the Collections,\"", "5726cfa3708984140094d209": "2007", "5726cfa3708984140094d20a": "Factory", "5726cfa3708984140094d20b": "Andy Warhol", "5726cfa3708984140094d20c": "15,000", "5726cfa3708984140094d20d": "2007", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f69": "patrons", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6a": "Asia", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6b": "Designers and artists whose work is on display in the galleries include Gian Lorenzo Bernini", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6c": "pole", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6d": "porcelain, cloth and wallpaper", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdb": "increase", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecda": "Tudor period", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecde": "John Ruskin", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdc": "mass production", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdd": "John Ruskin", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed16": "Trajan's Column", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed17": "half", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed18": "Trajan's Column", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed19": "sculpture wing, comprising two large, skylighted rooms two storeys high housing hundreds of plaster casts of sculptures, friezes and tombs", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed1a": "glass case", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e4": "1731", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e5": "Frederick II the Great", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e6": "Frederick II the Great", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e7": "the Salting Bequest made in 1909", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e8": "the Salting Bequest made in 1909", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd8": "Many famous potters, such as Josiah Wedgwood, William De Morgan and Bernard Leach as well as Mintons & Royal Doulton", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd9": "Britain and Holland", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edda": "Bernard Palissy", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddb": "Bernard Palissy", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddc": "Bernard Palissy", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ab": "4000", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ac": "The", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ad": "Ancient Egypt", "5726de7a5951b619008f80af": "Ren\u00e9 Lalique", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ae": "The", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee52": "1994", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee53": "Danny Lane", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee54": "2004", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee55": "Dale Chihuly", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee56": "13th", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c4": "over 10,000", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c5": "2,000", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c6": "Paul Nash", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c7": "10,000 British and 2,000 old master works, including works by: D\u00fcrer", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c8": "10,000 British and 2,000 old master works, including works by: D\u00fcrer", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed8": "1,442", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed9": "Word and Image department", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eeda": "The costume collection is the most comprehensive in Britain, containing over 14,000", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedb": "1,442", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedc": "1,442", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9438": "2002", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9439": "178 Vivienne Westwood", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943a": "178 Vivienne Westwood", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943b": "178 Vivienne Westwood", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943c": "modern fashion", "5726e680dd62a815002e946e": "a marquetry commode", "5726e680dd62a815002e946f": "John Jones", "5726e680dd62a815002e9470": "a marquetry commode", "5726e680dd62a815002e9471": "1882", "5726e680dd62a815002e9472": "1882", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a4": "1580", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a5": "1580 from Antwerp City Hall, attributed to Hans Vredeman de Vries", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a6": "Germany", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a7": "Germany", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a8": "1580 from Antwerp City Hall, attributed to Hans Vredeman de Vries", "5726e9c65951b619008f8247": "The jewellery collection, containing over 6000", "5726e9c65951b619008f8248": "The jewellery collection, containing over 6000 items is one of the finest and most comprehensive collections of jewellery in the world and includes works dating from Ancient Egypt", "5726e9c65951b619008f8249": "154", "5726e9c65951b619008f824a": "154", "5726e9c65951b619008f824b": "William and Judith Bollinger", "5726ee28708984140094d656": "British silver pre-1800", "5726ee28708984140094d657": "a silver gilt beaker", "5726ee28708984140094d658": "8 tonnes, 10.5 metres high", "5726ee28708984140094d659": "Sir George Gilbert Scott", "5726ee28708984140094d655": "000", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959e": "58 cm high Gloucester Candlestick, dated to c1110", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959f": "58 cm high Gloucester Candlestick, dated to c1110, made from gilt bronze", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a0": "the Becket Casket dated c1180", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a1": "the Becket Casket dated c1180", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a2": "the Becket Casket dated c1180", "5726f1ec708984140094d6aa": "over 5,100", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ad": "Bryan Davies", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ab": "35", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ac": "35", "5726f1ec708984140094d6a9": "2010", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bc": "about 1130", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bd": "about 1130", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0be": "about 1130 British and 650 European oil paintings, 6800 British watercolours, pastels and 2000 miniatures", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bf": "Her Majesty the Queen Elizabeth II", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0c0": "Valencia", "5726f4a0708984140094d6e9": "Isabel", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ea": "1857 John Sheepshanks donated 233", "5726f4a0708984140094d6eb": "1857", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ec": "The Hay Wain", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ed": "Isabel", "5726f755708984140094d737": "continental art 1600\u20131800", "5726f755708984140094d738": "Madame de Pompadour", "5726f755708984140094d739": "260 paintings and miniatures (not all the works were French, for example Carlo Crivelli's Virgin and Child", "5726f755708984140094d73a": "Fran\u00e7ois, Duc d'Alen\u00e7on", "5726f90b708984140094d75d": "781", "5726f90b708984140094d75e": "1887", "5726f90b708984140094d75f": "781", "5726f90b708984140094d760": "781 plates", "5726f90b708984140094d761": "James Lafayette", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96ce": "22,000 objects in the collection that cover the period from about 400 AD to 1914", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96cf": "22,000", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d0": "22,000", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d1": "22,000", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9706": "The Three Graces, which the museum jointly owns with National Galleries of Scotland", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9707": "Three Graces", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9708": "Three Graces", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9709": "Three Graces", "5726fc63dd62a815002e970a": "Three Graces", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9732": "20", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9733": "20", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9734": "1914", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9735": "1914", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9736": "1914", "572700c8dd62a815002e976a": "Nicholas Stone", "572700c8dd62a815002e976b": "A sample of some of these sculptors' work is on display in the British Galleries", "572700c8dd62a815002e976c": "Europeans", "572700c8dd62a815002e976d": "display in the British Galleries", "572702a3dd62a815002e9790": "the Dorothy and Michael Hintze", "572702a3dd62a815002e9791": "late 19th-century and early 20th-century sculpture", "572702a3dd62a815002e9792": "the Minotaur", "572702a3dd62a815002e9793": "the Dorothy and Michael Hintze", "572702a3dd62a815002e9794": "Tate Britain", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23c": "53,000", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23d": "53,000", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23e": "53,000", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23f": "53,000", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f240": "by technique", "57270541dd62a815002e97c8": "four", "57270541dd62a815002e97c9": "Netherlands", "57270541dd62a815002e97ca": "four", "57270541dd62a815002e97cb": "four", "57270541dd62a815002e97cc": "Sheldon & Mortlake", "57270676dd62a815002e97f0": "14th-century Sicilian Tristan Quilt", "57270676dd62a815002e97f1": "1887", "57270676dd62a815002e97f2": "1887", "57270676dd62a815002e97f3": "Marion Dorn", "57270676dd62a815002e97f4": "Marion Dorn", "57270817708984140094d8c7": "the Theatre Museum", "57270817708984140094d8c8": "March 2009", "57270817708984140094d8c9": "the Theatre Museum", "57270817708984140094d8ca": "V&A", "57270817708984140094d8cb": "research", "57270ab9708984140094d8f7": "Conservation", "57270ab9708984140094d8f8": "controlling", "57270ab9708984140094d8f9": "cleaning and reintegration to strengthen fragile objects, reveal original surface decoration, and restore shape. Interventive treatment makes an object more stable", "57270ab9708984140094d8fa": "Childhood", "57270ab9708984140094d8fb": "preventive\" conservation this includes: performing surveys", "57267b755951b619008f7433": "ABC", "57267b755951b619008f7434": "American Broadcasting Company", "57267b755951b619008f7435": "Columbus Avenue", "57267b755951b619008f7436": "Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan", "57267b755951b619008f7437": "Disney Media Networks", "57267ca75951b619008f7469": "Edward J. Noble", "57267ca75951b619008f746a": "Edward J. Noble", "57267ca75951b619008f746b": "1948", "57267ca75951b619008f746c": "ESPN", "57267ca75951b619008f746d": "Capital Cities Communications", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8740": "The television network has eight", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8741": "Citadel Broadcasting", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8742": "The television network has eight", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8743": "the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8744": "Citadel Broadcasting", "5726808bdd62a815002e8776": "NBC Blue and NBC Red", "5726808bdd62a815002e8777": "NBC Blue", "5726808bdd62a815002e8778": "NBC Blue", "5726808bdd62a815002e8779": "NBC Blue", "5726808bdd62a815002e877a": "1927", "572681ab708984140094c85d": "Mutual filed a complaint with the Federal Communications Commission", "572681ab708984140094c85e": "1938", "572681ab708984140094c85f": "1940", "572681ab708984140094c860": "NBC Red Network", "572681ab708984140094c861": "FCC, RCA was using NBC Blue", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fc": "Mark Woods", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fd": "Mark Woods", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fe": "$7.5 million", "572684f5dd62a815002e87ff": "David Sarnoff", "572684f5dd62a815002e8800": "$7.5 million", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29e": "Life Savers candy, drugstore chain Rexall and New York City radio station WMCA, purchased the network for $8 million", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29f": "1943", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a0": "George B. Storer", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a1": "Blue Network was purchased by the new company Noble founded, the American Broadcasting System", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a2": "$8 million", "57268739708984140094c8ed": "Magnetophon tape recorder", "57268739708984140094c8ee": "Paul Whiteman", "57268739708984140094c8ef": "suspenseful dramas as Sherlock Holmes, Gang Busters and Counterspy", "57268739708984140094c8f0": "Bing Crosby", "57268739708984140094c8f1": "public service", "57269260dd62a815002e89ea": "$155 million", "57269260dd62a815002e89eb": "ABC1", "57269260dd62a815002e89ec": "Disney Channel", "57269260dd62a815002e89ed": "Disney Channel", "57269260dd62a815002e89ee": "ABC", "57269344f1498d1400e8e43e": "1959", "57269344f1498d1400e8e43f": "satellite television", "57269344f1498d1400e8e440": "Japan and Latin America", "57269344f1498d1400e8e441": "Japan", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5c": "Queen Elizabeth II", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5d": "Beirut", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5e": "5% stake in two new domestic networks, the Mainichi Broadcasting System", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5f": "June 1953", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb60": "June 1953", "5726e5ac708984140094d51b": "Peanuts television specials, having acquired the broadcast rights from CBS", "5726e5ac708984140094d51c": "ABC currently holds the broadcast rights to the Academy Awards, Emmy Awards", "5726e5ac708984140094d51d": "ABC", "5726e5ac708984140094d51e": "2000", "5726e5ac708984140094d51f": "ABC", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef30": "1974", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef31": "Ryan Seacrest", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef32": "2016", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef33": "Ryan Seacrest", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef34": "TLC", "5726e671dd62a815002e9464": "1963. ABC also broadcasts the morning news program Good Morning America", "5726e671dd62a815002e9465": "1975", "5726e671dd62a815002e9466": "General Hospital", "5726e671dd62a815002e9467": "The View", "5726e671dd62a815002e9468": "1963. ABC also broadcasts the morning news program Good Morning America", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6e": "Saturday", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6c": "Saturday", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6b": "Saturday Night Football package", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6a": "Saturday", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6d": "ESPN", "5726e860708984140094d579": "Frank Marx", "5726e860708984140094d57a": "low-band VHF frequencies (corresponding to channels 2 through 6", "5726e860708984140094d57b": "1947", "5726e860708984140094d57c": "five", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa0": "108", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa1": "DuMont Television Network. Before the freeze ended in 1952, there were only 108", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa2": "DuMont Television Network", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa3": "CBS and NBC", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950a": "United Paramount Theatres", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950b": "United Paramount Theatres", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950c": "nine", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950d": "CBS", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950e": "the Prudential Insurance Company of America", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff2": "Leonard Goldenson", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff3": "William S. Paley", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff4": "FCC", "5726ed12708984140094d645": "1952", "5726ed12708984140094d646": "February 9, 1953", "5726ed12708984140094d647": "$25 million", "5726ed12708984140094d648": "1501 Broadway in Manhattan", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f024": "New York City", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f025": "Chicago", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f026": "Mount Wilson", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f027": "80,937 m2) of land in Hollywood", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c6": "1960", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c7": "Flintstones", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c8": "The Flintstones", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c9": "Flintstones", "5726f0865951b619008f82e5": "$7.5 million", "5726f0865951b619008f82e6": "NBC", "5726f0865951b619008f82e7": "Walt Disney Productions, having improved its financial situation, had purchased ABC's shares in the Disneyland theme park for $7.5 million", "5726f0865951b619008f82e8": "Walt Disney Productions, having improved its financial situation, had purchased ABC's shares in the Disneyland theme park for $7.5 million", "572734af708984140094dae3": "circle logo, also called \"the dot", "572734af708984140094dae4": "Troika Design Group", "572734af708984140094dae5": "circle logo, also called \"the dot", "572734af708984140094dae6": "circle logo, also called \"the dot", "572735a15951b619008f86bf": "four", "572735a15951b619008f86c0": "1998", "572735a15951b619008f86c1": "We", "572735a15951b619008f86c2": "1998", "572736625951b619008f86d1": "1993\u201394 season", "572736625951b619008f86d2": "1993\u201394 season", "572736625951b619008f86d3": "1983", "572736625951b619008f86d4": "\"That Special Feeling\" in a script font", "572736fc5951b619008f86d9": "three-dimensional", "572736fc5951b619008f86da": "a bubble", "572736fc5951b619008f86db": "a bubble", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4be": "Paul Rand", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4bf": "Bauhaus", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c0": "Herbert Bayer", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c1": "1962", "5727387b5951b619008f86e9": "October 19", "5727387b5951b619008f86ea": "October 19, 2005", "5727387b5951b619008f86eb": "six", "57273954708984140094db05": "2004", "57273954708984140094db06": "Desperate Housewives, Lost and Grey's Anatomy as well as reality series Dancing with the Stars", "57273954708984140094db07": "Anne Sweeney", "57273954708984140094db08": "2004", "57273a0d708984140094db0d": "2002", "57273a0d708984140094db0e": "Michael Eisner", "57273a0d708984140094db0f": "The Bachelor", "57273a0d708984140094db10": "2002 saw the debut of the network's first hit reality series, The Bachelor", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4da": "four", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4db": "a carriage dispute with ABC", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dc": "NBC", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dd": "TWC", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d6": "2000", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d7": "Boy Meets World and Sabrina, the Teenage Witch, the latter of which moved to The WB", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d8": "2000", "57273c195951b619008f8721": "August 1999", "57273c195951b619008f8722": "Regis Philbin", "57273c195951b619008f8723": "Meredith Vieira", "57273c195951b619008f8724": "Regis Philbin", "57273d19708984140094db3d": "ABC Inc", "57273d19708984140094db3e": "$19 billion", "57273d19708984140094db3f": "$1.65 billion", "57273d19708984140094db40": "Robert Iger", "57273d19708984140094db41": "Sports Night", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f508": "the 1965\u201366", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f509": "third", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f50a": "Beating the Odds", "57273ef15951b619008f8751": "1953", "57273ef15951b619008f8752": "7 West 66th Street", "57273ef15951b619008f8753": "Baltimore", "57273f9d708984140094db51": "Robert Kintner", "57273f9d708984140094db52": "DuMont", "57273f9d708984140094db53": "DuMont", "57273f9d708984140094db54": "Robert Kintner", "5727403af1498d1400e8f526": "Paramount Pictures", "5727403af1498d1400e8f527": "Lone Ranger", "5727403af1498d1400e8f528": "prime time comedy in U.S. television history, until it was surpassed by The Simpsons in 2002", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1c": "Kings Row and Casablanca", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1d": "Sugarfoot", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1e": "Walt Disney", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1f": "Warner Bros. Presents. Airing during the 1955\u201356 season", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53e": "Roy", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53f": "$500,000", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f540": "Walt Disney and his brother Roy", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f541": "Disneyland", "572742daf1498d1400e8f550": "seven", "572742daf1498d1400e8f551": "seven", "572742daf1498d1400e8f552": "LOVE", "572742daf1498d1400e8f553": "seven", "5727436af1498d1400e8f558": "September 1969", "5727436af1498d1400e8f559": "Duel", "5727436af1498d1400e8f55a": "1971", "5727436af1498d1400e8f55b": "$400,000\u2013$450,000", "572743fb708984140094db93": "1970s", "572743fb708984140094db94": "CBS and NBC", "572743fb708984140094db95": "behavioral and demographic data", "5727448b5951b619008f87a1": "Monday Night Football", "5727448b5951b619008f87a2": "2006", "5727448b5951b619008f87a3": "1970", "5727448b5951b619008f87a4": "15%\u201316%", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4e": "1970", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4f": "Worldvision Enterprises", "57274633dd62a815002e9a50": "Worldvision Enterprises", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a66": "ABC", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a67": "ABC", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a68": "Henry Plitt", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a69": "Elton Rule", "572747dd5951b619008f87a9": "1966", "572747dd5951b619008f87aa": "Happy Days", "572747dd5951b619008f87ab": "1970s", "572747dd5951b619008f87ac": "Paramount Pictures", "572748745951b619008f87b1": "Fred Pierce", "572748745951b619008f87b2": "Fred Pierce", "572748745951b619008f87b3": "S.W.A.T", "572748745951b619008f87b4": "S.W.A.T. That same year, the network made the decision to compete with NBC's morning news-talk program Today", "5727492f708984140094dbb5": "1978", "5727492f708984140094dbb6": "Laverne & Shirley", "5727492f708984140094dbb7": "jiggle TV", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a90": "Haley", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a91": "Aaron Spelling", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a92": "cruise", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a93": "cruise ship", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a94": "Billy Crystal", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b4": "Roone Arledge", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b5": "1977, Roone Arledge was named president of the new ABC News in addition to being president of ABC Sports", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b6": "7 Lincoln Square", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b7": "7 Lincoln Square\"", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dc": "June 1978, Arledge", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dd": "Hugh Downs", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5de": "Barbara Walters", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5df": "$20 million", "57274cac708984140094dbdd": "Now", "57274cac708984140094dbde": "ABC News Now", "57274cac708984140094dbdf": "ABC News Now", "57274cac708984140094dbe0": "Flint, Michigan", "57274d905951b619008f87e1": "Writers Guild of America", "57274d905951b619008f87e2": "Duel", "57274d905951b619008f87e3": "Caris & Co", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f1": "ABC Entertainment Group", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f2": "ABC Entertainment Group", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f3": "Citadel Media", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f4": "22", "57274f07708984140094dbed": "sixth", "57274f07708984140094dbee": "sixth", "57274f07708984140094dbef": "2009", "57274f07708984140094dbf0": "Wednesdays", "5727504b5951b619008f881d": "1970", "5727504b5951b619008f881e": "1970, ABC proactively created two companies: Worldvision Enterprises", "5727504b5951b619008f881f": "1970", "5727504b5951b619008f8820": "Turner Broadcasting System", "57275273dd62a815002e9b16": "Buena Vista Television", "57275273dd62a815002e9b17": "Buena Vista Television", "57275273dd62a815002e9b18": "Buena Vista Television) handles domestic television distribution, while Disney\u2013ABC International Television (formerly known as Buena Vista International Television", "57275273dd62a815002e9b19": "library", "57275339dd62a815002e9b28": "WABC-TV and WPVI-TV", "57275339dd62a815002e9b29": "eight", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2a": "eight", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2b": "96.26%", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b44": "1946", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b45": "1953", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b46": "A\"", "57275573708984140094dc45": "4:3 standard definition", "57275573708984140094dc46": "Supernanny", "57275573708984140094dc47": "HD", "57275573708984140094dc48": "4:3 standard definition", "57275650708984140094dc5f": "720p high definition", "57275650708984140094dc60": "720p high definition", "57275650708984140094dc61": "11 other affiliates owned by various companies", "57275650708984140094dc62": "720p high definition", "57275743f1498d1400e8f680": "Happy Endings", "57275743f1498d1400e8f681": "Happy Endings", "57275743f1498d1400e8f682": "2010\u201311 schedule: ABC's dramas during that season continued to fail, with the midseason forensic investigation drama Body of Proof", "57275743f1498d1400e8f683": "Body of Proof", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b6": "All My Children", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b7": "Revolution", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b8": "Prospect Park, which eventually revived the soaps on Hulu", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b9": "The Revolution", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6ba": "18\u201349", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6ca": "2004, and in second place in total viewership behind long-dominant CBS", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cb": "CBS", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cc": "Neighbors (which languished in its new Friday time slot despite being bookended by Last Man Standing and Shark Tank) and Suburgatory", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cd": "The Neighbors", "57275a505951b619008f889f": "The Middle and Modern Family", "57275a505951b619008f88a0": "Dragon's Den", "57275a505951b619008f88a1": "Dragon's Den", "57275a505951b619008f88a2": "Tim Allen", "57275bfb708984140094dc97": "Thomas Murphy", "57275bfb708984140094dc98": "Thomas Murphy", "57275bfb708984140094dc99": "NYPD Blue", "57275bfb708984140094dc9a": "September 1994 saw the debut of NYPD Blue", "57275bfb708984140094dc9b": "ten", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6da": "1993, the FCC", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6db": "Capital Cities/ABC purchased the French animation studio DIC Entertainment", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dc": "Time Warner Cable", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dd": "23.63%", "57275e125951b619008f88d7": "Chicago radio station WLS", "57275e125951b619008f88d8": "Chicago", "57275e125951b619008f88d9": "John Bassett, who was trying to establish a television station in Toronto", "57275e125951b619008f88da": "25% interest in CFTO-TV", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f4": "Wide World of Sports", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f5": "1961, ABC debuted Wide World of Sports", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f6": "1961, ABC debuted Wide World of Sports", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f7": "Sports Programs, Inc", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f706": "ABC Theatres", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f707": "ABC Records in 1966. In December of that year, the ABC television network premiered The Dating Game", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f708": "The Newlywed Game", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f709": "44 story building located at 1330 Avenue of the Americas in Manhattan", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd8": "90%", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd9": "Dynasty", "57276166dd62a815002e9bda": "Dynasty", "57276166dd62a815002e9bdb": "the Alpha Repertory Television Service (ARTS), a cable channel operated as a joint venture with the Hearst Corporation", "5727623a5951b619008f8921": "ABC Video Enterprises", "5727623a5951b619008f8922": "June", "5727623a5951b619008f8923": "ABC Video Enterprises", "5727623a5951b619008f8924": "1983", "572763a8708984140094dcd9": "Daniel B. Burke", "572763a8708984140094dcda": "Daniel B. Burke", "572763a8708984140094dcdb": "$465 million", "572763a8708984140094dcdc": "Home Improvement", "572763a8708984140094dcdd": "Home Improvement", "572764855951b619008f8951": "General Hospital", "572764855951b619008f8952": "Jimmy Kimmel Live!", "572764855951b619008f8953": "7", "572764855951b619008f8954": "Jimmy Kimmel Live!", "57276576dd62a815002e9c18": "New Jersey, Rhode Island and Delaware", "57276576dd62a815002e9c19": "Rhode Island is served by New Bedford, Massachusetts-licensed WLNE", "57276576dd62a815002e9c1a": "co-owned/co-managed full-power television station", "57276576dd62a815002e9c1b": "Rhode Island is served by New Bedford, Massachusetts-licensed WLNE", "57276690708984140094dd01": "Touchstone Television", "57276690708984140094dd02": "ABC Studios", "57276690708984140094dd03": "Prospect Avenue", "57276690708984140094dd04": "1950s, ABC has had two main production facilities: the ABC Television Center", "5727678e5951b619008f8973": "Times Square", "5727678e5951b619008f8974": "Good Morning America", "5727678e5951b619008f8975": "Peter Jennings Way", "5727678e5951b619008f8976": "Way", "572768d9708984140094dd13": "ABC on Demand", "572768d9708984140094dd14": "ABC on Demand", "572768d9708984140094dd15": "2009", "572768d9708984140094dd16": "27%", "572769e85951b619008f8985": "day after their original broadcast. In addition, ABC on Demand", "572769e85951b619008f8986": "2014", "572769e85951b619008f8987": "fast forwarding of accessed content", "572769e85951b619008f8988": "2014", "57276a8f5951b619008f8995": "LoyalKaspar", "57276a8f5951b619008f8996": "four", "57276a8f5951b619008f8997": "ABC Modern", "57276a8f5951b619008f8998": "LoyalKaspar", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b2": "14", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b3": "14", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b4": "the All-Channel Receiver Act", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b5": "67%", "57276d7f708984140094dd3f": "Youngstown", "57276d7f708984140094dd40": "five times", "57276d7f708984140094dd41": "WTRF-TV", "57276d7f708984140094dd42": "1960s", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd0": "Walt Disney Presents", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd1": "late 1958, Desilu", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd2": "1958", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd3": "April 1959", "5727705f5951b619008f89f3": "General Hospital", "5727705f5951b619008f89f4": "$15.5 million", "5727705f5951b619008f89f5": "The Jetsons", "5727705f5951b619008f89f6": "The Jetsons", "5727705f5951b619008f89f7": "1962", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f840": "ABC management", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f841": "Donald F. Turner", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f842": "Department of Justice", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f843": "1968", "57277373dd62a815002e9d24": "S", "57277373dd62a815002e9d25": "$3.5 billion", "57277373dd62a815002e9d26": "Warren Buffett", "57277373dd62a815002e9d27": "Tampa", "57277373dd62a815002e9d28": "12", "572774cf5951b619008f8a51": "1985", "572774cf5951b619008f8a52": "1986", "572774cf5951b619008f8a53": "1986", "572774cf5951b619008f8a54": "1986", "572774cf5951b619008f8a55": "Roone Arledge", "57277585708984140094de2b": "Laverne & Shirley", "57277585708984140094de2c": "The Love Boat ended its run in 1986", "57277585708984140094de2d": "1986", "57277585708984140094de2e": "Love Boat", "57277585708984140094de2f": "Cheers", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c4": "family-friendly comedies in the late 1980s, culminating in the 1989 debut of the \"TGIF", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c5": "1989 debut of the \"TGIF\" block (which promotions referenced stood for \"Thank Goodness It's Funny", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c6": "Miller-Boyett Productions", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c7": "1989 debut of the \"TGIF", "572776e85951b619008f8a7f": "seven", "572776e85951b619008f8a80": "Ralph Nelson-directed Charly", "572776e85951b619008f8a81": "Ralph Nelson", "572776e85951b619008f8a82": "ABC Motion Pictures in 1979; the unit was dissolved in 1985", "572776e85951b619008f8a83": "Redwood City, California", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9d": "westerns and detective series. Despite an almost 500% increase in advertising revenues between 1953 and 1958", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9e": "500%", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9f": "500% increase in advertising revenues between 1953 and 1958, the network only had a national reach of between 10%", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa0": "Ollie Treiz", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa1": "American", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90a": "the \"philosophy of counterprogramming against its competitors\"", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90b": "Zorro", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90c": "Life", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90d": "detective", "57277af2708984140094dec3": "\"WATCH ABC\"", "57277af2708984140094dec4": "Hearst Television", "57277af2708984140094dec5": "Hearst Television", "57277af2708984140094dec6": "May 2013", "57277bfc708984140094ded9": "Company", "57277bfc708984140094deda": "Sinclair Broadcast Group", "57277bfc708984140094dedb": "Sinclair Broadcast Group", "57277bfc708984140094dedc": "28", "57277bfc708984140094dedd": "Sinclair Broadcast Group", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e76": "08 season, \"Start Here\"", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e77": "Troika", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e78": "ABC News", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e79": "ABC News", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea4": "Kansas City, Missouri", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea5": "KMBC-TV and KQTV). KQTV is licensed to St. Joseph", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea6": "Kansas City, Missouri", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea7": "WTSP", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f5": "Mongol Empire", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f6": "Mongol invasions", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f7": "Mongol Empire", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f8": "Mongol Empire", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f9": "Mongol Empire", "5726a00d708984140094cc25": "\u00d6gedei Khan", "5726a00d708984140094cc26": "he assigned \u00d6gedei Khan as his successor and split his empire into khanates among his sons and grandsons. He died in 1227", "5726a00d708984140094cc27": "he assigned \u00d6gedei Khan", "5726a00d708984140094cc28": "\u00d6gedei Khan", "5726a00d708984140094cc29": "Mongolia", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e578": "northern Mongolia", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e579": "northern Mongolia", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57a": "1162", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57b": "northern Mongolia", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbc": "one sister named Tem\u00fclen", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbd": "Begter and Belgutei", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbe": "B\u00f6rte", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbf": "12", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bc0": "Dai Setsen", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb7": "Beg", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb8": "adult", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb9": "Khasar", "5726a4a9708984140094ccba": "Khasar", "5726a5f65951b619008f7903": "the Tayichi'ud", "5726a5f65951b619008f7904": "1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud", "5726a5f65951b619008f7905": "1177", "5726a5f65951b619008f7906": "1177", "5726a5f65951b619008f7907": "1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud", "5726a784708984140094ccff": "arranged marriages", "5726a784708984140094cd00": "Hoelun", "5726a784708984140094cd01": "Chinese dynasties", "5726a784708984140094cd02": "Hoelun", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c34": "the Onggirat tribe", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c35": "the Merkits", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c36": "16", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c37": "16", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c38": "16", "5726a9ed5951b619008f7969": "\u00d6gedei (1189\u20141241), and Tolui (1190\u20131232)", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796a": "six daughters", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796b": "three", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796c": "Chagatai", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796d": "six", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a2": "B\u00f6rte was captured by the Merkits", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a3": "B\u00f6rte was captured by the Merkits", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a4": "the Jadaran", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a5": "B\u00f6rte was captured by the Merkits", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a6": "Jamukha", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ca": "Mongolian aristocracy", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cb": "Kokochu", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cc": "1186", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cd": "1186", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ce": "the Qara Khitai", "5726ae32708984140094cdab": "Yassa code", "5726ae32708984140094cdac": "Yassa code", "5726ae32708984140094cdad": "orphans", "5726ae32708984140094cdae": "great loyalty", "5726af765951b619008f7a51": "Jochi", "5726af765951b619008f7a52": "Jamukha", "5726af765951b619008f7a53": "Jamukha", "5726af765951b619008f7a54": "Keraite", "5726b0985951b619008f7a91": "the Naimans", "5726b0985951b619008f7a92": "In 1201", "5726b0985951b619008f7a93": "universal ruler", "5726b0985951b619008f7a94": "Subutai", "5726b0985951b619008f7a95": "the Naimans", "5726b1d95951b619008f7acd": "Secret History", "5726b1d95951b619008f7ace": "he did not want disloyal men in his army. Jamukha refused the offer of friendship and reunion", "5726b1d95951b619008f7acf": "death", "5726b1d95951b619008f7ad0": "the Secret History", "5726b879708984140094cf01": "ruthless", "5726b879708984140094cf02": "Jamukha", "5726b879708984140094cf03": "Khasar", "5726b879708984140094cf04": "ruthless", "5726b879708984140094cf05": "Jochi", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf1": "1206", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf2": "a Khuruldai", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf3": "Yuan dynasty", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf4": "Khan", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf5": "Genghis Khan", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3b": "Jin", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3c": "Ming-Tan", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3d": "Zhongdu", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3e": "Kaifeng", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3f": "\u00d6gedei Khan", "5726bd655951b619008f7c9f": "Genghis Khan", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca0": "The Arrow", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca1": "two tumen", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca2": "Jebe", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca3": "The Arrow", "5726bf135951b619008f7ce9": "west of Kashgar", "5726bf135951b619008f7cea": "west of Kashgar", "5726bf135951b619008f7ceb": "Lake Balkhash", "5726bf135951b619008f7cec": "Caspian", "5726bf135951b619008f7ced": "Caspian Sea", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f76": "Shah Ala ad-Din Muhammad", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f77": "Mongolia", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f78": "three", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f79": "Shah Ala ad-Din Muhammad. Genghis Khan saw the potential advantage in Khwarezmia as a commercial trading partner using the Silk Road", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f7a": "the Silk Road", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa6": "Mongol army under Genghis Khan, generals and his sons crossed the Tien Shan", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa7": "Jochi led the first division into the northeast", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa8": "Jochi led the first division into the northeast", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa9": "Jochi", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8faa": "Jochi", "5726c3b3708984140094d0cf": "small groups concentrated in various cities.", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d0": "Otrar", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d1": "molten silver", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d2": "Mongols", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d3": "Mongols", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f5": "Bukhara", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f6": "Bukhara", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f7": "Mongols", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae2": "using captured enemies", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae3": "the fortress", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae4": "Ata-Malik Juvayni, a high official in the service of the Mongol empire, wrote that in Termez, on the Oxus", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddd": "The city leaders opened the gates to the Mongols, though a unit of Turkish defenders held the city's citadel for another twelve days.", "5726c7a85951b619008f7dde": "a unit of Turkish defenders held the city's citadel for another twelve days.", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddf": "artisans and craftsmen", "5726c7a85951b619008f7de0": "the flail of God", "5726c7a85951b619008f7de1": "young men who had not fought were drafted into the Mongolian army and the rest of the population was sent into slavery.", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9046": "Afghanistan", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9047": "Subutai", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9048": "Afghanistan", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9049": "Mongols actually defeated the Bulgars", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e904a": "Afghanistan", "57272bcb5951b619008f8683": "Hungary and Europe. Genghis Khan recalled Subutai back to Mongolia soon afterwards, and Jebe died on the road back to Samarkand", "57272bcb5951b619008f8684": "cavalry", "57272bcb5951b619008f8685": "Transoxiana", "57272bcb5951b619008f8686": "cavalry", "57272bcb5951b619008f8687": "cavalry", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43a": "1226", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43b": "1226", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43c": "One", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43d": "Lingzhou", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43e": "a line of five stars", "57272dd55951b619008f8697": "1227, Genghis Khan's army attacked and destroyed the Tangut capital of Ning Hia", "57272dd55951b619008f8698": "Ma Jianlong", "57272dd55951b619008f8699": "arrows", "57272dd55951b619008f869a": "1227", "57272dd55951b619008f869b": "1227", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44e": "Jochi", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44f": "\u00d6gedei", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f450": "the issue over Jochi's paternity was voiced most strongly by Chagatai", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f451": "\u00d6gedei", "57272ff2708984140094dabd": "age", "57272ff2708984140094dabe": "Chagatai was considered unstable due to his temper", "57272ff2708984140094dabf": "Tolui", "57272ff2708984140094dac0": "character", "5727311d5951b619008f86ab": "1226", "5727311d5951b619008f86ac": "the great Khan sent for his sons in the spring of 1223, and while his brothers heeded the order, Jochi remained in Khorasan", "5727311d5951b619008f86ad": "in 1226", "5727311d5951b619008f86ae": "in 1226", "5727311d5951b619008f86af": "Sultan Muhammad", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46a": "his horse", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46b": "Mongols", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46c": "The Galician\u2013Volhynian Chronicle alleges he was killed by the Western Xia", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46d": "Western Xia princess taken as war booty", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46e": "ds", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f474": "The Genghis Khan Mausoleum", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f475": "The Genghis Khan Mausoleum", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f476": "The Genghis Khan Mausoleum", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f477": "The Genghis Khan Mausoleum", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48c": "1939", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48d": "1939", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48e": "1939", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48f": "1939", "57273455f1498d1400e8f490": "1939", "57273581708984140094daeb": "Mongolia", "57273581708984140094daec": "Mongolia", "57273581708984140094daed": "the permafrost", "57273581708984140094daee": "many", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b5": "the Yassa", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b4": "the Yassa", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b6": "the Yassa", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b7": "the Yassa, created by Genghis Khan", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b8": "the Yassa, created by Genghis Khan", "57273887dd62a815002e99a2": "tax exemptions for religious figures and, to some extent, teachers and doctors. The Mongol Empire practiced religious tolerance", "57273887dd62a815002e99a3": "Mongol Empire", "57273887dd62a815002e99a4": "doctors", "57273887dd62a815002e99a5": "Buddhist or Christian", "572739a75951b619008f86f7": "Women", "572739a75951b619008f86f8": "Pax Mongolica", "572739a75951b619008f86f9": "Chinese", "572739a75951b619008f86fa": "women", "57273b1a5951b619008f8709": "Chu'Tsai", "57273b1a5951b619008f870a": "nomads", "57273b1a5951b619008f870b": "Jin", "57273b1a5951b619008f870c": "Genghis Khan realised that he needed people", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e2": "trust", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e3": "Karakorum", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e4": "Muqali", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e5": "Caucasus", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e6": "unwavering loyalty", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f6": "rivers", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f7": "Chinese siege engines", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f8": "small", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f9": "The Mongol military", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fa": "Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan. The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 1227", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fb": "1227", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fc": "Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan. The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 1227", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fd": "Mongols gaining control of all of China", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51e": "Silk", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51f": "Turkey", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f520": "Silk", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f521": "Silk Road under one cohesive political environment. This allowed increased communication and trade", "5727404b708984140094db59": "Mongolian People's Republic", "5727404b708984140094db5a": "Genghis Khan's children", "5727404b708984140094db5b": "Genghis Khan's children", "5727404b708984140094db5c": "the historical records", "5727404b708984140094db5d": "Mongolian People's Republic", "57274126dd62a815002e9a24": "Genghis Khan", "57274126dd62a815002e9a25": "500", "57274126dd62a815002e9a26": "Ulaanbaatar is named Chinggis Khaan", "57274126dd62a815002e9a27": "trivialization", "57274126dd62a815002e9a28": "Ulaanbaatar", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63a": "Great Administration", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63b": "corruption", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63c": "Elbegdorj", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63d": "He is also given credit for the introduction of the traditional Mongolian script and the creation of the Ikh Zasag", "57275250708984140094dc25": "Inner Mongolia region", "57275250708984140094dc26": "around 5 million", "57275250708984140094dc27": "Kublai Khan", "57275250708984140094dc28": "Kublai Khan", "57275250708984140094dc29": "his grandson Kublai Khan", "572753af708984140094dc2f": "Iran", "572753af708984140094dc30": "Steven R. Ward", "572753af708984140094dc31": "three-fourth", "572754cd5951b619008f8863": "Ghazan Khan", "572754cd5951b619008f8864": "Egypt", "572754cd5951b619008f8865": "Hulagu Khan destroyed much of Iran's northern part and sacked Baghdad although his forces were halted by the Mamluks of Egypt", "572754cd5951b619008f8866": "1237", "572754cd5951b619008f8867": "Novgorod", "572756715951b619008f8877": "Mughal emperors", "572756715951b619008f8878": "Genghis Khan and particularly Timur", "572756715951b619008f8879": "Nishapur", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69a": "-s", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69b": "Lake Baikal", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69c": "Chinese", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69d": "-s", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69e": "13th century Mongolian pronunciation would have closely matched \"Chinggis\"", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b78": "Tem\u00fcjin", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b79": "Chinese", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7a": "Chinese", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7b": "Tem\u00fcjin", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7c": "Tem\u00fcjin", "5726d8bd708984140094d35b": "pharma", "5726d8bd708984140094d35c": "pharmacy", "5726d8bd708984140094d35d": "pharmacy", "5726d8bd708984140094d35e": "pharmacy", "5726d8bd708984140094d35f": "pharmacy", "5726d9935951b619008f7fed": "small-business proprietors", "5726d9935951b619008f7fee": "professionals", "5726d9935951b619008f7fef": "professionals", "5726d9935951b619008f7ff0": "professionals", "5726d9935951b619008f7ff1": "professionals", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b2": "The GPhC is the governing body for pharmacy health care professionals and this is who regulates the practice of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b3": "the General Pharmaceutical Council", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b4": "the General Pharmaceutical Council", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b5": "health care professional", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b6": "the role of a PhT", "5726db5add62a815002e92d5": "physician", "5726db5add62a815002e92d6": "five", "5726db5add62a815002e92d7": "five", "5726db5add62a815002e92d4": "Diocles of Carystus (4th century BC", "5726db5add62a815002e92d8": "five", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9320": "Imperial household", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9321": "Y\u014dr\u014d Code", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9322": "the Taih\u014d Code", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9323": "Ranked", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9324": "Imperial household", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee04": "700", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee05": "700", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee06": "De Veneris", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee08": "His Liber servitoris", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee07": "700", "5726deed5951b619008f80c5": "Esteve", "5726deed5951b619008f80c6": "Esteve", "5726deed5951b619008f80c7": "Ll\u00edvia", "5726deed5951b619008f80c8": "Ll\u00edvia", "5726deed5951b619008f80c9": "1221", "5726e08e5951b619008f810f": "pharmacy legislation", "5726e08e5951b619008f8110": "automation", "5726e08e5951b619008f8111": "automation", "5726e08e5951b619008f8112": "automation", "5726e08e5951b619008f8113": "the dispensary", "5726e179dd62a815002e93ae": "hospitals", "5726e179dd62a815002e93af": "there", "5726e179dd62a815002e93b0": "clinical", "5726e179dd62a815002e93b1": "hospitals", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb2": "the premises of the hospital.", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb3": "unit-dose, or a single dose of medicine", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb4": "high", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb5": "safety", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb6": "the premises of the hospital.", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9404": "direct patient care", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9405": "Pharmacists", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9406": "physicians", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9407": "They often participate in patient care rounds drug product selection", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9408": "physicians", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cb": "The pharmacist must also monitor for potential drug interactions, adverse drug reactions, and assess patient drug allergies", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cc": "The clinical pharmacist", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cd": "The pharmacist must also monitor for potential drug interactions, adverse drug reactions, and assess patient drug allergies", "5726e5c95951b619008f81ce": "The pharmacist must also monitor for potential drug interactions, adverse drug reactions, and assess patient drug allergies", "5726e985dd62a815002e94da": "full independent prescribing", "5726e985dd62a815002e94db": "full independent prescribing authority. In some states such North Carolina and New Mexico", "5726e985dd62a815002e94dc": "the board of Pharmaceutical Specialties", "5726e985dd62a815002e94dd": "Board Certified Ambulatory Care Pharmacist and these pharmacists will carry the initials BCACP", "5726e985dd62a815002e94de": "VA", "5726ea985951b619008f8261": "nursing homes", "5726ea985951b619008f8262": "Some", "5726ea985951b619008f8263": "Omnicare, Kindred Healthcare and PharMerica", "5726ea985951b619008f8264": "nursing homes", "5726ea985951b619008f8265": "consulting services", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826b": "2000", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826c": "2000", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826d": "online", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826e": "online pharmacies) are also recommended to some patients by their physicians if they are homebound", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826f": "the method", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00c": "Many customers order drugs", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00d": "Many customers order drugs", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00e": "some Internet pharmacies sell prescription drugs without requiring a prescription", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00f": "prescription drugs without requiring a prescription", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f010": "prescription drugs", "5726edecdd62a815002e957e": "the ease with which people, youth in particular, can obtain controlled substances (e.g., Vicodin", "5726edecdd62a815002e957f": "a licensed practitioner", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05e": "the ease with which people, youth in particular, can obtain controlled substances (e.g., Vicodin", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05f": "prescription", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f060": "ensure", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f061": "doctor/practitioner", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f062": "Vicodin", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f7": "Canada", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f8": "Canada", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f9": "international drug suppliers", "5726f0e35951b619008f82fa": "no known case of any U.S. citizens buying Canadian drugs for personal use with a prescription", "5726f0e35951b619008f82fb": "Canada", "5726f2375951b619008f830f": "applied information science", "5726f2375951b619008f8310": "information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor companies", "5726f2375951b619008f8311": "patient information projects and health system interoperability goals", "5726f2375951b619008f8312": "applied information science", "5726f2375951b619008f8313": "Pharmacists in this area are trained to participate in medication management system development, deployment and optimization.", "5726f36cdd62a815002e95fe": "high cost injectable", "5726f36cdd62a815002e95ff": "19 of 28", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9600": "chronic and complex disease states such as cancer, hepatitis, and rheumatoid arthritis", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9601": "high", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9602": "lab", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0da": "separately from physicians", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0db": "only pharmacists may supply scheduled pharmaceuticals", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dc": "pharmacists", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dd": "7 to 10 percent", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0de": "physicians", "5726f635dd62a815002e9657": "prescription-only medicines", "5726f635dd62a815002e9656": "ense", "5726f635dd62a815002e9658": "1.6 kilometres", "5726f635dd62a815002e9659": "1.6 kilometres", "5726f7715951b619008f838d": "conflict of interest", "5726f7715951b619008f838e": "the physician has a financial self-interest in \"diagnosing\" as many", "5726f7715951b619008f838f": "the physician has a financial self-interest in \"diagnosing\" as many conditions", "5726f7715951b619008f8391": "the physician has a financial self-interest in \"diagnosing", "5726f7715951b619008f8390": "Such self-interest", "5726f868dd62a815002e9684": "medication, pharmacists are increasingly expected to be compensated for their patient care skills", "5726f868dd62a815002e9685": "medication, pharmacists are increasingly expected to be compensated for their patient care skills", "5726f868dd62a815002e9686": "MTM", "5726f868dd62a815002e9687": "Medication Therapy Management (MTM) includes the clinical services that pharmacists can provide for their patients", "5726f868dd62a815002e9688": "MTM", "5726f96ddd62a815002e9698": "Medschecks", "5726f96ddd62a815002e9699": "Medschecks", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969a": "the government for medicine use reviews", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969b": "Medschecks", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969c": "Doctor", "5726fa525951b619008f83f7": "the mortar and pestle", "5726fa525951b619008f83f8": "The show globe", "5726fa525951b619008f83f9": "the Bowl of Hygieia which is often used in the Netherlands", "5726fa525951b619008f83fa": "Germany and Austria", "5726fa525951b619008f83fb": "the mortar and pestle", "5726e65e708984140094d53d": "The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease", "5726e65e708984140094d53e": "brain", "5726e65e708984140094d53f": "The immune system", "5726e65e708984140094d540": "The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efda": "The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdb": "brain", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdc": "The immune system", "5728eff82ca10214002daadc": "brain", "5728eff82ca10214002daadd": "pathogen", "5728eff82ca10214002daade": "the brain", "5728eff82ca10214002daadf": "the brain", "572a14af3f37b319004786c1": "pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue", "572a14af3f37b319004786c3": "many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease", "572a14af3f37b319004786c2": "The immune system", "572a14af3f37b319004786c4": "the brain", "5726eb785951b619008f8275": "system", "5726eb785951b619008f8276": "rudimentary immune system, in the form of enzymes that protect against bacteriophage infections", "5726eb785951b619008f8277": "bacteria", "5726eb785951b619008f8278": "immunological memory", "572a135daf94a219006aa79f": "bacteriophage", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a0": "phagocytosis, antimicrobial peptides called defensins", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a1": "vaccination", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a2": "over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe2": "a hyperactive immune system", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe3": "recurring and life-threatening infections", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe4": "a hyperactive immune system", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe5": "the immune system", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe6": "a hyperactive immune system", "5728f2e26aef051400154896": "recurring and life-threatening infections", "5728f2e26aef051400154897": "less active", "5728f2e26aef051400154898": "Immunology", "5728f2e26aef051400154899": "HIV/AIDS", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f166": "430 BC", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f167": "18th", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f168": "Immunology is a science that examines the structure and function of the immune system", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f169": "Walter Reed", "5728f3724b864d1900165116": "Immunology is a science that examines the structure and function of the immune system", "5728f3724b864d1900165117": "1891", "5728f3724b864d1900165118": "yellow fever", "5728f3724b864d1900165119": "430 BC", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16e": "an immunological memory", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16f": "bacteria", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f170": "pathogens successfully evade the innate response, vertebrates possess a second layer of protection, the adaptive immune system", "5728f6446aef0514001548e4": "The immune system protects organisms from infection with layered defenses of increasing specificity", "5728f6446aef0514001548e5": "pathogens successfully evade the innate response, vertebrates possess a second layer of protection, the adaptive immune system", "5728f6446aef0514001548e6": "an immunological memory", "5728f6446aef0514001548e7": "physical barriers prevent pathogens such as bacteria", "5728f7774b864d190016512e": "self and non-self molecules", "5728f7774b864d190016512f": "self molecules are those components of an organism's body that can be distinguished from foreign substances by the immune system", "5728f7774b864d1900165130": "non-self molecules are those recognized as foreign molecules", "5728f7774b864d1900165131": "antigens", "5728f7774b864d1900165132": "specific immune receptors", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5a": "non", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5b": "The innate immune system", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5c": "microbes", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5d": "non", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6a": "The waxy cuticle", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6b": "The waxy cuticle", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6c": "coughing and sneezing mechanically eject pathogens and other irritants from the respiratory tract", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6d": "mucus", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6e": "tears and urine", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec7": "The skin and respiratory tract secrete antimicrobial peptides such as the \u03b2-defensins", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec8": "lysozyme and phospholipase A2", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec9": "zinc", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9eca": "gastric acid", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ecb": "menarche", "5728fd206aef05140015494c": "bacteria", "5728fd206aef05140015494d": "non-specifically target bacteria and do not affect fungi", "5728fd206aef05140015494e": "the lactobacilli", "5728fd206aef05140015494f": "pH", "572900f73f37b31900477f69": "Inflammation", "572900f73f37b31900477f6a": "increased blood flow", "572900f73f37b31900477f6b": "eicosanoids and cytokines", "572900f73f37b31900477f6c": "prostaglandins", "572900f73f37b31900477f6d": "interleukins", "572905ce1d04691400778f83": "phagocytes", "572905ce1d04691400778f84": "cytokines", "572905ce1d04691400778f85": "a phagosome", "572905ce1d04691400778f86": "an intracellular vesicle", "572905ce1d04691400778f87": "nutrients", "5729081d3f37b31900477fab": "bloodstream", "5729081d3f37b31900477fac": "bloodstream", "5729081d3f37b31900477fad": "the bloodstream and are the most abundant type of phagocyte, normally representing 50% to 60%", "5729081d3f37b31900477fae": "chemotaxis", "5729081d3f37b31900477faf": "interleukin 1", "572908c13f37b31900477fbd": "Leukocytes", "572908c13f37b31900477fbe": "Leukocytes", "572908c13f37b31900477fbf": "Leukocytes", "572908c13f37b31900477fc0": "Leukocytes", "5729efab3f37b319004785cf": "Dendritic cells", "5729efab3f37b319004785d0": "neuronal dendrites", "5729efab3f37b319004785d1": "T cells", "5729efab3f37b319004785d2": "T cells", "5729f06f1d04691400779674": "missing self", "5729f06f1d04691400779673": "Natural killer cells", "5729f06f1d04691400779675": "low levels of a cell-surface marker called MHC I", "5729f06f1d04691400779676": "KIR", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e1": "\"memory cells", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e2": "antigen presentation", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e3": "Antigen specificity", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d3": "There are two major subtypes of T cells: the killer T cell", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d4": "There are two major subtypes of T cells: the killer T cell and the helper T cell. In addition there are regulatory T cells", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d5": "Class I MHC molecules, while helper T cells and regulatory T cells only recognize antigens coupled to Class II MHC molecules", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d6": "Class I MHC molecules, while helper T cells and regulatory T cells only recognize antigens coupled to Class II MHC molecules", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d7": "pathogen", "5729f39a6aef05140015514c": "viruses", "5729f39a6aef05140015514e": "CD8", "5729f39a6aef05140015514d": "a co-receptor on the T cell, called CD8", "5729f39a6aef051400155150": "granulysin", "5729f39a6aef05140015514f": "perforin", "5729f4b41d0469140077968b": "CD4 co-receptor, which recruits molecules inside the T cell (e.g., Lck", "5729f4b41d0469140077968c": "200\u2013300", "5729f4b41d0469140077968d": "200\u2013300", "5729f4b41d0469140077968e": "cytokines", "5729f4b41d0469140077968f": "CD4 co-receptor", "5729f5a03f37b31900478605": "helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and NK cells", "5729f5a03f37b31900478606": "an alternative T cell receptor (TCR", "5729f5a03f37b31900478607": "Gamma delta T cells", "5729f5a03f37b31900478608": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells are a component of adaptive immunity as they rearrange TCR genes to produce receptor diversity", "5729f5a03f37b31900478609": "large numbers of human V\u03b39/V\u03b42 T cells respond within hours", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6f9": "The B cell then displays these antigenic peptides on its surface MHC class II molecules", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fa": "proteolysis", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fb": "lymphokines", "5729f799af94a219006aa707": "long-lived memory cells", "5729f799af94a219006aa708": "B cells and T cells are activated and begin to replicate, some of their offspring become long-lived memory cells", "5729f799af94a219006aa709": "either passive short-term memory or active long-term memory", "5729f799af94a219006aa70a": "pathogen", "5729f8516aef05140015516c": "no prior exposure to microbes", "5729f8516aef05140015516d": "IgG", "5729f8516aef05140015516e": "serum", "5729f8516aef05140015516f": "antibody-rich serum", "5729f9953f37b3190047861f": "ors", "5729f9953f37b31900478620": "innate", "5729f9953f37b31900478621": "lupus erythematosus", "5729f9953f37b31900478622": "Hormones", "5729fa40af94a219006aa70f": "NFIL3", "5729fa40af94a219006aa710": "heart disease, chronic pain, and asthma", "5729fa40af94a219006aa711": "lower antibody production", "5729fb003f37b31900478627": "indoors", "5729fb003f37b31900478628": "vitamin D", "5729fb003f37b31900478629": "thyroid hormone activity", "5729fb003f37b3190047862a": "cholecalciferol", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969d": "killer T cells", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969e": "fewer MHC class I molecules", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969f": "viral", "5729fc3d1d046914007796a0": "tumors is to destroy the abnormal cells using killer T cells", "5729fd111d046914007796a5": "phagocytic cells", "5729fd111d046914007796a6": "PAMPs", "5729fd111d046914007796a7": "rapid apoptosis", "5729fd111d046914007796a8": "Systemic acquired resistance (SAR", "5729fd111d046914007796a9": "they", "5729fe5c3f37b3190047862f": "autoimmune disorders", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478630": "Overactive immune responses comprise the other end of immune dysfunction, particularly the autoimmune disorders", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478631": "the thymus and bone marrow", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478632": "many", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa739": "one or more of the components of the immune system are inactive", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73a": "The ability of the immune system to respond to pathogens is diminished in both the young and the elderly", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73b": "50 years of age", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73c": "malnutrition", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73d": "malnutrition", "5729ffda1d046914007796af": "through vaccination", "5729ffda1d046914007796b0": "The principle behind vaccination (also called immunization", "5729ffda1d046914007796b1": "an antigen from a pathogen", "5729ffda1d046914007796b2": "the natural specificity", "572a019f3f37b31900478643": "enzymes that digest the barrier, for example, by using a type II secretion system", "572a019f3f37b31900478644": "type III secretion system", "572a019f3f37b31900478645": "type II secretion system", "572a019f3f37b31900478646": "ability to elude host immune responses", "572a02483f37b3190047864b": "self", "572a02483f37b3190047864c": "1950s", "572a02483f37b3190047864d": "two-signal\" activation of T cells", "572a02483f37b3190047864e": "1950s", "572a03086aef0514001551a2": "Glucocorticoids", "572a03086aef0514001551a3": "inflammation", "572a03086aef0514001551a4": "cyclosporin", "572a03086aef0514001551a5": "cyclosporin", "572a04d51d046914007796cd": "cytotoxic natural killer cells", "572a04d51d046914007796ce": "cortisol", "572a04d51d046914007796cf": "melatonin", "572a04d51d046914007796d0": "free radical", "572a058aaf94a219006aa751": "vitamin D receptor", "572a058aaf94a219006aa752": "the steroid hormone calcitriol", "572a058aaf94a219006aa753": "ic", "572a058aaf94a219006aa754": "CYP27B1", "572a058aaf94a219006aa755": "the T-cell expresses the gene CYP27B1", "572a06af3f37b31900478667": "Pattern recognition receptors", "572a06af3f37b31900478668": "defensins", "572a06af3f37b31900478669": "The complement system", "572a06af3f37b3190047866a": "Ribonucleases", "572a07fc6aef0514001551dc": "Many of the classical molecules of the adaptive immune system (e.g., immunoglobulins and T cell receptors", "572a07fc6aef0514001551dd": "the lamprey and hagfish", "572a07fc6aef0514001551de": "Variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs", "572a07fc6aef0514001551df": "Evolution of the adaptive immune system occurred in an ancestor of the jawed vertebrates", "572a096e6aef0514001551e4": "lymphocytes or an antibody-based humoral response", "572a096e6aef0514001551e5": "the restriction modification system", "572a096e6aef0514001551e6": "the restriction modification system to protect themselves from viral pathogens, called bacteriophages", "572a096e6aef0514001551e7": "CRISPR", "572a0a686aef0514001551ec": "cellular theory of immunity, represented in particular by Elie Metchnikoff", "572a0a686aef0514001551ed": "cellular theory of immunity, represented in particular by Elie Metchnikoff", "572a0a686aef0514001551ee": "phagocytes", "572a0a686aef0514001551ef": "cellular theory of immunity, represented in particular by Elie Metchnikoff", "572a0a686aef0514001551f0": "cellular theory of immunity, represented in particular by Elie Metchnikoff, it was cells", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f6": "cancers", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f7": "reduced number of MHC class I molecules", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f8": "cytokine TGF-\u03b2", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f9": "TGF-\u03b2", "572a0bf96aef051400155204": "Hypersensitivity", "572a0bf96aef051400155205": "Type", "572a0bf96aef051400155206": "Type I hypersensitivity is an immediate or anaphylactic reaction, often associated with allergy", "572a0bf96aef051400155207": "IgE", "572a0bf96aef051400155208": "Type", "572a0ce11d046914007796fd": "intracellular pathogenesis", "572a0ce11d046914007796fe": "hide within the cells of their host (also called intracellular pathogenesis)", "572a0ce11d046914007796ff": "intracellular pathogenesis). Here, a pathogen spends most of its life-cycle", "572a0ce11d04691400779700": "complement", "572a0ce11d04691400779701": "a pathogen spends most of its life-cycle", "572a0e4b6aef051400155214": "antigenic variation", "572a0e4b6aef051400155215": "HIV", "572a0e4b6aef051400155216": "Trypanosoma brucei", "572a0e4b6aef051400155217": "ing antigens with host molecules is another common strategy for avoiding detection by the immune system", "572a0f073f37b3190047867f": "surveillance", "572a0f073f37b31900478680": "papillomavirus", "572a0f073f37b31900478681": "tyrosinase", "572a0f073f37b31900478682": "an enzyme called tyrosinase", "572a0f073f37b31900478683": "an enzyme called tyrosinase", "572a10cd6aef051400155222": "500", "572a10cd6aef051400155223": "500", "572a10cd6aef051400155224": "large", "572a10cd6aef051400155225": "6000", "572a10cd6aef051400155226": "6000", "572a12386aef051400155234": "sudden drop", "572a12386aef051400155235": "the milieu of hormones produced at this time (leptin, pituitary growth hormone, and prolactin", "572a12386aef051400155236": "the milieu of hormones produced at this time (leptin, pituitary growth hormone, and prolactin", "572a12386aef051400155237": "long-lasting immune memory through the initiation of Th1 immune responses", "572a142e3f37b319004786b9": "carbohydrates", "572a142e3f37b319004786bc": "plasma membrane", "572a142e3f37b319004786ba": "rapid killing response. The speed of the response is a result of signal amplification", "572a142e3f37b319004786bb": "After complement proteins initially bind to the microbe, they activate their protease activity, which in turn activates other complement proteases", "57271c235951b619008f860b": "Civil disobedience", "57271c235951b619008f860c": "unfair laws", "57271c235951b619008f860d": "Singing Revolution", "57271c235951b619008f860e": "Ukraine", "57271c235951b619008f860f": "Georgia", "5728d4c03acd2414000dff9f": "Egyptians", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa0": "Egyptians", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa1": "unfair laws", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa2": "unfair laws", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa3": "unfair laws", "57271f125951b619008f8635": "Antigone", "57271f125951b619008f8636": "Antigone", "57271f125951b619008f8637": "Antigone, in which Antigone, one of the daughters of former King of Thebes, Oedipus, defies Creon", "57271f125951b619008f8638": "Antigone", "57271f125951b619008f8639": "Antigone", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb3": "Antigone", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb4": "les", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb5": "play Antigone, in which Antigone, one of the daughters of former King of Thebes, Oedipus", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb6": "play", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb7": "play", "5727213c708984140094da35": "Percy Shelley", "5727213c708984140094da36": "The Mask of Anarchy", "5727213c708984140094da38": "ha", "5727213c708984140094da39": "The Mask of Anarchy", "5727213c708984140094da37": "The Mask of Anarchy", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f18": "Percy Shelley", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f19": "Percy Shelley", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1a": "protest", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1c": "The Mask of Anarchy", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1b": "The Mask of Anarchy", "572726c9708984140094da7b": "mug", "572726c9708984140094da7e": "Marshall Cohen notes, \"It has been used to describe everything from bringing a test-case in the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official", "572726c9708984140094da7c": "ambiguity", "572726c9708984140094da7d": "Vice President Agnew", "5728d6f02ca10214002da90e": "Vice President Agnew", "5728d6f02ca10214002da90f": "Marshall Cohen", "5728d6f02ca10214002da910": "Marshall Cohen notes, \"It has been used to describe everything from bringing a test-case in the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official", "5728d6f02ca10214002da911": "Vice President Agnew", "5728d6f02ca10214002da912": "Vice President Agnew", "572807802ca10214002d9bf8": "LeGrande", "572807802ca10214002d9bf9": "LeGrande", "572807802ca10214002d9bfa": "LeGrande", "572807802ca10214002d9bfb": "Alice in Wonderland", "572807802ca10214002d9bfc": "Alice in Wonderland", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4c": "LeGrande", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4d": "e", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4e": "nonviolent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4f": "nonviolent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f50": "nonviolent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience", "57280f974b864d1900164370": "ience", "57280f974b864d1900164371": "a citizen", "57280f974b864d1900164372": "relation to the state and its laws", "57280f974b864d1900164373": "Civil disobedience", "57280f974b864d1900164374": "Civil disobedience", "5728d9403acd2414000e001b": "a citizen", "5728d9403acd2414000e001c": "head of government of a country were to refuse to enforce a decision of that country's highest court, it would not be civil disobedience", "5728d9403acd2414000e001d": "head of government of a country were to refuse to enforce a decision of that country's highest court, it would not be civil disobedience", "5728d9403acd2414000e001e": "a citizen", "5728d9403acd2414000e001f": "head of government of a country were to refuse to enforce a decision of that country's highest court, it would not be civil disobedience", "572812e74b864d19001643ce": "The individual is the final judge of right and wrong", "572812e74b864d19001643cf": "The individual is the final judge of right and wrong", "572812e74b864d19001643d0": "The individual is the final judge of right and wrong", "572812e74b864d19001643d1": "The individual is the final judge of right and wrong", "572812e74b864d19001643d2": "The individual is the final judge of right and wrong", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005d": "The individual", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005e": "The individual is the final judge of right and wrong", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005f": "postman", "5728dafe3acd2414000e0060": "postman", "5728dafe3acd2414000e0061": "The individual is the final judge of right and wrong", "5728151b4b864d1900164428": "Brownlee", "5728151b4b864d1900164429": "non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks", "5728151b4b864d190016442a": "entities", "5728151b4b864d190016442b": "Brown", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0080": "Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0081": "breaches of law", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e007f": "Brownlee", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0083": "Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks", "572818f54b864d190016446c": "publicly", "572818f54b864d190016446d": "morality, we might ask why disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking", "572818f54b864d190016446e": "secret police", "572818f54b864d190016446f": "Exodus", "572818f54b864d1900164470": "the Book of Exodus", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d2": "Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules that conflict with morality", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d3": "Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules that conflict with morality", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d4": "Stephen Eilmann", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d5": "Stephen Eilmann", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d6": "Exodus", "57281c594b864d19001644a2": "Black's Law Dictionary includes non-violence", "57281c594b864d19001644a3": "Black's Law", "57281c594b864d19001644a4": "rebellion", "57281c594b864d19001644a5": "carefully chosen and legitimate means", "57281c594b864d19001644a6": "Black's Law Dictionary includes non-violence", "5728df634b864d1900164fe2": "Black's Law Dictionary includes non-violence", "5728df634b864d1900164fe3": "carefully chosen and legitimate means", "5728df634b864d1900164fe4": "much more serious than those justifying disobedience, and if one cannot justify civil rebellion, then", "5728df634b864d1900164fe6": "carefully chosen and legitimate means", "5728202c4b864d19001644ec": "Revolutionary civil disobedience", "5728202c4b864d19001644ed": "an individual conscience", "5728202c4b864d19001644ee": "Ferenc De\u00e1k directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government", "5728202c4b864d19001644ef": "laws", "5728202c4b864d19001644f0": "an individual conscience", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00e9": "laws on the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ea": "Austrian government", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00eb": "an individual conscience", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ec": "laws on the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ed": "an individual conscience", "572822233acd2414000df555": "eau", "572822233acd2414000df556": "Unarmed Jews gathered in the streets", "572822233acd2414000df557": "time of his arrest", "572822233acd2414000df558": "Jerusalem", "572822233acd2414000df559": "until after the end of the Mexican War", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0131": "the", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0132": "the Roman Empire", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0133": "jail solidarity", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0134": "some activists who commit civil disobedience as a group collectively refuse to sign bail", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0135": "the Roman Empire", "572825a92ca10214002d9efe": "illegal acts", "572825a92ca10214002d9eff": "propaganda purpose.", "572825a92ca10214002d9f00": "Wilderness", "572825a92ca10214002d9f01": "Luna", "572825a92ca10214002d9f02": "600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days", "5728e5224b864d1900165032": "a nuclear-missile installation", "5728e5224b864d1900165033": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts.", "5728e5224b864d1900165034": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts.", "5728e5224b864d1900165035": "sick", "5728e5224b864d1900165036": "hardly more than a nuisance (e.g. trespassing at a nuclear-missile installation", "5728284e3acd2414000df5cd": "allegedly", "5728284e3acd2414000df5ce": "Lebanon", "5728284e3acd2414000df5cf": "engaging in the forbidden speech", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d0": "Filthy Words", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d1": "FCC v. Pacifica Foundation", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0171": "pure speech", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0172": "Threatening", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0173": "Threatening", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0174": "Threatening", "57282dfb4b864d1900164668": "denial-of-service attacks, and sit-ins, make it more difficult for a system", "57282dfb4b864d1900164669": "padlocking", "57282dfb4b864d190016466a": "Waihopai", "57282dfb4b864d190016466b": "coercive", "57282dfb4b864d190016466c": "coercive", "5728e715ff5b5019007da914": "Brownlee", "5728e715ff5b5019007da916": "Brownlee", "5728e715ff5b5019007da917": "Brownlee", "5728e715ff5b5019007da918": "Brownlee", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6c": "the suspect may need to decide whether or not to grant a consent search of his property, and whether or not to talk to police officers", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6d": "the suspect may need to decide whether or not to grant a consent search of his property", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6e": "the suspect may need to decide whether or not to grant a consent search of his property, and whether or not to talk to police officers", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6f": "the suspect may need to decide whether or not to grant a consent search of his property, and whether or not to talk to police officers", "5728e8212ca10214002daa70": "the suspect may need to decide whether or not to grant a consent search of his property", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c5": "anarchists", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c6": "Some civil disobedients feel it is incumbent upon them to accept punishment because of their belief in the validity of the social contract", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c7": "anarchists", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c8": "anarchists", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c9": "law", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01d9": "guilty", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01da": "guilty", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01db": "ACT-UP's Civil Disobedience Training handbook states that a civil disobedient", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dc": "civil disobedients is whether or not to plead guilty", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dd": "defending", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650aa": "the Committee for Non-Violent Action sponsored a protest in August 1957, at the Camp Mercury nuclear test site near Las Vegas, Nevada", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ab": "the Committee for Non-Violent Action sponsored a protest in August 1957, at the Camp Mercury", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ac": "the Committee for Non-Violent Action sponsored a protest in August 1957, at the Camp Mercury", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ad": "the Committee for Non-Violent Action sponsored a protest in August 1957, at the Camp Mercury nuclear test site near Las Vegas, Nevada", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ae": "suspended", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97c": "injustice", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97d": "a rule", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97e": "injustice. But that is different than the notion that they must go to jail", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97f": "they must go to jail as part of a rule connected with civil disobedience", "5728eef92ca10214002daab0": "the prosecution proposes a plea bargain to civil disobedients, as in the case of the Camden 28", "5728eef92ca10214002daab1": "the Camden 28", "5728eef92ca10214002daab2": "the prosecution proposes a plea bargain to civil disobedients, as in the case of the Camden 28", "5728eef92ca10214002daab3": "the prosecution proposes a plea bargain to civil disobedients, as in the case of the Camden 28", "5728eef92ca10214002daab4": "Mohandas Gandhi", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e55": "U.S. v. Burgos-Andujar", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e56": "mistreatment from government officials", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e57": "mistreatment from government officials", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e58": "U.S. v. Burgos-Andujar", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e59": "Some civil disobedience defendants choose to make a defiant speech, or a speech explaining their actions, in allocution. In U.", "5728facd4b864d1900165170": "Steven Barkan", "5728facd4b864d1900165171": "Steven Barkan", "5728facd4b864d1900165172": "some civil disobedients seek jury nullification", "5728facd4b864d1900165173": "some civil disobedients seek jury nullification", "5728facd4b864d1900165174": "some civil disobedients seek jury nullification", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef5": "Michael Bayles", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef6": "Michael Bayles", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef7": "Michael Bayles", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef8": "Michael Bayles", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef9": "Michael Bayles", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f11": "breaking", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f12": "violating a law which is not, itself, the object of protest, whereas direct civil disobedience", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f13": "violating", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f14": "The necessity defense", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f15": "Fully", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2b": "incapacitation and deterrence", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2d": "the offender his \"just deserts", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2e": "just deserts", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2f": "\"just deserts", "57273a465951b619008f86ff": "Construction", "57273a465951b619008f8700": "six to nine percent", "57273a465951b619008f8701": "six to nine", "57273a465951b619008f8702": "planning", "57273a465951b619008f8703": "known client", "57273cca708984140094db33": "An architect normally manages the job, and a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project manager", "57273cca708984140094db34": "An architect normally manages the job, and a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project manager", "57273cca708984140094db35": "effective planning", "57273cca708984140094db36": "megaprojects", "57273cca708984140094db37": "Those involved with the design and execution of the infrastructure in question must consider zoning requirements, the environmental impact of the job", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4fe": "industrial", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4ff": "residential", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f500": "heavy/highway, heavy civil or heavy engineering", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f501": "three sectors of construction: buildings, infrastructure and industrial", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f502": "Industrial", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a02": "magazine for the construction industry", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a03": "400", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a04": "2014", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a05": "Engineering News-Record", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0a": "three subsectors: building construction, heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0b": "firms", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0c": "The Standard Industrial Classification", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0d": "managing", "57274046dd62a815002e9a12": "the owner of the property acts as laborer, paymaster, and design team for the entire project.", "57274046dd62a815002e9a13": "renovations", "57274046dd62a815002e9a14": "the owner", "57274046dd62a815002e9a15": "collapse", "57274046dd62a815002e9a16": "experience", "572742bd5951b619008f8785": "local building authority regulations", "572742bd5951b619008f8786": "brick versus stone, versus timber)", "572742bd5951b619008f8787": "residential construction (as well as all other types of construction) can generate a lot of waste", "572742bd5951b619008f8788": "custom designed homes are often more expensive to build)", "572744aff1498d1400e8f588": "3D printing technology", "572744aff1498d1400e8f589": "around 20 hours", "572744aff1498d1400e8f58a": "2014", "572744aff1498d1400e8f58b": "January 2013", "572745c6708984140094db9a": "the property owner", "572745c6708984140094db99": "owner", "572745c6708984140094db9b": "the property owner", "572745c6708984140094db9c": "a quantity surveyor", "572745c6708984140094db9d": "most cost efficient bidder", "57274e0d708984140094dbe5": "large firms", "57274e0d708984140094dbe6": "past", "57274e0d708984140094dbe7": "one-stop shopping", "57274e0d708984140094dbe8": "the contractor is given a performance specification and must undertake the project from design to construction", "57274e975951b619008f87f9": "design-build, partnering and construction management", "57274e975951b619008f87fa": "architects, interior designers, engineers and constructors", "57274e975951b619008f87fb": "relationships with other necessary participants through the design-build process", "57274f67708984140094dbf5": "problems", "57274f67708984140094dbf6": "Fraud", "57274f67708984140094dbf7": "Fraud", "57274f67708984140094dbf8": "Fraud", "5727502f708984140094dc07": "bankers", "5727502f708984140094dc08": "the mortgage banker", "5727502f708984140094dc09": "Accountants", "5727502f708984140094dc0b": "Mortgage bankers", "5727502f708984140094dc0a": "Cost engineers and estimators", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af0": "requirements", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af1": "the owner", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af2": "the desire to prevent things that are indisputably bad \u2013 bridge collapses or explosions", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af3": "the desire to prevent things that are indisputably bad \u2013 bridge collapses or explosions", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af4": "An attorney", "572751b4708984140094dc1b": "A construction project", "572751b4708984140094dc1c": "contract", "572751b4708984140094dc1d": "delay costs money", "572751b4708984140094dc1e": "each side", "572751b4708984140094dc1f": "poorly drafted contracts", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0e": "relationship contracting", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0f": "Public-Private Partnering", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b10": "Public-Private Partnering", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b11": "co-operation", "572753335951b619008f8853": "the architect or engineer", "572753335951b619008f8854": "the architect or engineer", "572753335951b619008f8855": "the architect or engineer", "572753335951b619008f8856": "the main contractor", "572753335951b619008f8857": "the architect or engineer", "57275411dd62a815002e9b30": "owner", "57275411dd62a815002e9b31": "Several D&B contractors", "57275411dd62a815002e9b32": "The owner selects the ideas he or she likes best and hires the appropriate contractor", "57275411dd62a815002e9b33": "several", "57275411dd62a815002e9b34": "first phase of the project. As they build phase 1, they design phase 2", "572754fff1498d1400e8f660": "contractors", "572754fff1498d1400e8f661": "damage", "572754fff1498d1400e8f662": "damage", "572754fff1498d1400e8f663": "the municipal building inspector", "572754fff1498d1400e8f664": "an occupancy permit", "572755b7708984140094dc4d": "$960 billion", "572755b7708984140094dc4e": "$680 billion", "572755b7708984140094dc4f": "667,000", "572755b7708984140094dc50": "fewer than 10", "572755b7708984140094dc51": "828,000", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f674": "\u00a343,389", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f675": "\u00a342,090, compared to \u00a326,719", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f676": "$100,000", "572756fe708984140094dc71": "Construction", "572756fe708984140094dc72": "Falls", "572756fe708984140094dc73": "Falls", "572756fe708984140094dc74": "Falls", "572746addd62a815002e9a5e": "independent", "572746addd62a815002e9a5f": "Private schools", "572746addd62a815002e9a60": "charging their students tuition", "572746addd62a815002e9a61": "independent schools, non-governmental, or nonstate", "57274712708984140094dbad": "more than $45,000", "57274712708984140094dbae": "K-12 schools range from nothing at so called 'tuition-free' schools to more than $45,000", "57274712708984140094dbaf": "primary and secondary educational levels", "57274712708984140094dbb0": "primary and secondary educational levels", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59a": "sixth", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59b": "High", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59c": "The secondary level includes schools offering years 7 through 12", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59d": "the location of the school", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59e": "High", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a4": "Roman", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a5": "parochial schools, a term which is often used to denote Roman Catholic schools. Other religious groups represented in the K-12", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a6": "parochial schools", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a82": "expulsion", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a83": "more formal than in government schools - for example, a compulsory blazer", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a84": "more expensive", "57274971708984140094dbbb": "elite", "57274971708984140094dbbc": "elite", "57274971708984140094dbbd": "Sydney", "57274971708984140094dbbe": "elite", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9a": "7, Paragraph 4", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9b": "Gleichschaltung", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9c": "11.1%", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9d": "11.1%", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9e": "11.1%", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bc": "Sonderungsverbot", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bd": "Ersatzschulen are ordinary primary or secondary schools, which are run by private individuals, private organizations or religious groups.", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5be": "scholarships", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d4": "Erg\u00e4nzungsschulen", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d5": "vocational schools", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d6": "tuition fees", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d7": "religious groups", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e4": "independent schools", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e5": "the CBSE", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e6": "independent schools", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e7": "independent", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa4": "only non-profit trusts and societies", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa5": "school inspectors who check compliance and to fewer schools in a country that has the largest adult illiterate population", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa6": "The Annual Status of Education", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa7": "The Annual Status of Education Report", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa8": "English", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aae": "a certain number of teacher's salaries are paid by the State. If the school wishes to employ extra teachers they are paid for with school fees", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aaf": "\u20ac5,000", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab0": "\u20ac5,000", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab1": "the Society of Jesus", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab2": "\u20ac25,000", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f6": "1957", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f7": "Chinese", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f8": "Chinese", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f9": "1957", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5fa": "Over 60", "57274e145951b619008f87e7": "aided", "57274e145951b619008f87e8": "private parties", "57274e145951b619008f87e9": "Kathmandu", "57274e145951b619008f87ea": "English", "57274e145951b619008f87eb": "English", "57274eca5951b619008f87ff": "88", "57274eca5951b619008f8800": "88", "57274eca5951b619008f8801": "88", "57274eca5951b619008f8802": "88", "57274eca5951b619008f8803": "88", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61e": "King", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61f": "Wellington", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f620": "Auckland", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f621": "Christchurch", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f622": "Society of St Pius X", "5727500f708984140094dbfd": "7.5%", "5727500f708984140094dbfe": "7.5%", "5727500f708984140094dbff": "the private sector", "5727500f708984140094dc00": "August 1992", "5727500f708984140094dc01": "third and fourth years with English, mathematics and natural science", "572750df5951b619008f882f": "The Education Service Contracting scheme", "572750df5951b619008f8830": "vocational and technical courses. The Private Education Student Financial Assistance is made available to underprivileged", "572750df5951b619008f8831": "underprivileged, but deserving high school graduates", "5727515f708984140094dc11": "The South African Schools Act of 1996", "5727515f708984140094dc12": "1996", "5727515f708984140094dc13": "1996", "5727515f708984140094dc14": "private church schools that were established by missionaries in the early nineteenth century. The private sector has grown ever since. After the abolition of apartheid", "5727515f708984140094dc15": "private church schools that were established by missionaries in the early nineteenth", "57275409708984140094dc35": "semi-private\" form called Model C", "57275409708984140094dc36": "better", "57275409708984140094dc37": "higher school fees", "572754dd708984140094dc3b": "10%", "572754dd708984140094dc3c": "Knowledge School\u201d), offers 30 schools and a web-based environment, has 700 employees and teaches nearly 10,000", "572754dd708984140094dc3d": "Knowledge School\u201d), offers 30 schools and a web-based environment, has 700 employees and teaches nearly 10,000", "572754dd708984140094dc3e": "Knowledge", "572754dd708984140094dc3f": "school voucher", "572756265951b619008f886d": "13 years old", "572756265951b619008f886e": "13", "572756265951b619008f886f": "9 per cent", "572756265951b619008f8870": "9 per cent of children being educated in the UK are doing so at fee-paying schools at GSCE level and 13 per cent", "572756265951b619008f8871": "public schools", "572757bef1498d1400e8f690": "1954", "572757bef1498d1400e8f691": "private \"Christian academies", "572757bef1498d1400e8f692": "white", "572757bef1498d1400e8f693": "1954", "572757bef1498d1400e8f694": "1954 decision in the landmark court case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka that demanded United States schools desegregate", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6ae": "religious organizations or private individuals", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6af": "restrictions", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b0": "restrictions", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b1": "charter status", "572759665951b619008f8883": "1852", "572759665951b619008f8884": "1852", "572759665951b619008f8885": "406 U.S. 205", "572759665951b619008f8886": "Wisconsin v. Yoder, 406 U.S. 205 (1972); Pierce v. Society of Sisters", "572759665951b619008f8887": "McCrary", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b94": "$40,000", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b95": "quality private schools in the United States charged substantial tuition, close to $40,000", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b96": "Groton School", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b97": "the Groton School", "5727aa413acd2414000de921": "Massachusetts legislature", "5727aa413acd2414000de922": "1977 merger with Radcliffe College", "5727aa413acd2414000de923": "James Bryant Conant", "5727aa413acd2414000de924": "Massachusetts legislature", "5727aa413acd2414000de925": "Charles W. Eliot", "5727aeac3acd2414000de987": "Harvard Library", "5727aeac3acd2414000de988": "18 million", "5727aeac3acd2414000de989": "over 18 million", "5727aeac3acd2414000de98a": "eight", "5727aeac3acd2414000de98b": "150", "5727aec03acd2414000de991": "Harvard's $37.6 billion", "5727aec03acd2414000de992": "$37.6 billion", "5727aec03acd2414000de993": "Harvard Stadium", "5727aec03acd2414000de994": "eleven", "5727aec03acd2414000de995": "Harvard Yard", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c2": "1636", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c3": "Harvard College", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c4": "1638", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c5": "1639", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c6": "1650", "5727b0892ca10214002d93e8": "Puritan ministers", "5727b0892ca10214002d93e9": "classic", "5727b0892ca10214002d93ea": "1643", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea99": "Samuel Webber", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9a": "Samuel Webber", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9b": "Samuel Webber", "5727c0402ca10214002d9564": "iz", "5727c0402ca10214002d9565": "intuition", "5727c0402ca10214002d9566": "Thomas Reid and Dugald Stewart", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95ba": "Charles W. Eliot", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bb": "Transcendentalist Unitarian convictions", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bc": "Ralph Waldo Emerson", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94ce": "James", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94cf": "identify, recruit, and support talented youth", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94d0": "1945", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec13": "1977, the proportion of female undergraduates", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec14": "1977", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec15": "1977", "5727c8863acd2414000dec49": "twelve", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4a": "twelve", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4b": "twelve residential Houses, nine of which are south of Harvard Yard along or near the Charles River", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4c": "the Quad", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9576": "Harvard Business School and many of the university's athletics facilities, including Harvard Stadium", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9577": "John W. Weeks", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9578": "Longwood Medical and Academic Area", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d72": "fifty percent", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d73": "Cambridge", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d74": "Harvard has purchased tracts of land in Allston, a walk across the Charles River from Cambridge", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f0": "2,400", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f1": "7,200 undergraduates and 14,000 graduate students. The school color is crimson", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f2": "14,000", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f3": "1875", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f4": "crimson", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c4": "$32 billion", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c5": "30%", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c6": "largest university endowment in the world. As of September 2011[update], it had nearly regained the loss suffered during the 2008 recession", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c7": "$4.093 million", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c8": "$159 million", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded13": "1980s", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded14": "Duke Kent-Brown", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded15": "$230 million", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded3f": "5.3%", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded40": "2007", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded41": "2007", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded42": "2007", "5727d3843acd2414000ded69": "1978 and 2008", "5727d3843acd2414000ded6a": "1978", "5727d3843acd2414000ded6b": "The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, The New York Times, and some students have criticized Harvard for its reliance on teaching fellows", "5727d4922ca10214002d977c": "four", "5727d4922ca10214002d977d": "four", "5727d4922ca10214002d977e": "degrees summa cum laude", "5727d4922ca10214002d977f": "60%", "5727d6154b864d1900163e34": "$38,000", "5727d6154b864d1900163e35": "$57,000", "5727d6154b864d1900163e36": "nothing for their children to attend, including room and board", "5727d6154b864d1900163e37": "$414 million", "5727d6154b864d1900163e38": "88%", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969a": "Widener Library in Harvard Yard", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969c": "Cabot Science Library, Lamont Library, and Widener Library", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969d": "in Pusey Library", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969b": "Widener Library in Harvard Yard", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5e": "three", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5f": "Busch-Reisinger Museum", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e60": "Arthur M. Sackler Museum", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee17": "2003", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee18": "2011", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee19": "8th", "5727da564b864d1900163e8e": "42", "5727da564b864d1900163e8f": "Yale", "5727da564b864d1900163e90": "Harvard\u2013Yale Regatta", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fc": "1875", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fd": "1903", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fe": "legalizing", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96ff": "Yale", "5727dc473acd2414000dee43": "the Lavietes Pavilion", "5727dc473acd2414000dee44": "The Malkin Athletic Center", "5727dc473acd2414000dee45": "MAC", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163eba": "23", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebb": "Connecticut", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebc": "Harvard Crimson men's ice hockey team (with a strong rivalry against Cornell", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebd": "2003", "5727de862ca10214002d9860": "U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon", "5727de862ca10214002d9861": "Juan Manuel Santos", "5727de862ca10214002d9862": "Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Figueres", "5727de862ca10214002d9863": "U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon; American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B.", "5727e0474b864d1900163f08": "comedian, television show host and writer Conan O'Brien", "5727e0474b864d1900163f09": "Leonard Bernstein", "5727e0474b864d1900163f0a": "Leonard Bernstein", "5727e0474b864d1900163f0b": "W. E. B. Du Bois; philosopher Henry David Thoreau; authors Ralph Waldo Emerson and William S. Burroughs", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f34": "Shing-Tung Yau", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f35": "Alan Dershowitz and Lawrence Lessig", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f36": "Stephen Greenblatt", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954a": "Jacksonville", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954b": "Jacksonville is the principal city in the Jacksonville metropolitan area, with a population of 1,345,596", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954c": "Jacksonville", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954d": "Jacksonville", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954e": "1968", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9676": "St. Johns River", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9677": "north", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9678": "Caroline", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9679": "the Timucua people", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d967a": "Andrew Jackson", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958e": "Kings Bay", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958f": "Harbor improvements since the late 19th century have made Jacksonville a major military and civilian deep-water port.", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9590": "Kings Bay", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9591": "Jacksonvillians", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bec": "thousands", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bed": "a University of North Florida team discovered some of the oldest remnants of pottery in the United States, dating to 2500 BC", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bee": "BC", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bef": "the Mocama", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bf0": "Ossachite", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c26": "May", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c27": "stone column", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c28": "Caroline", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c29": "San Mateo", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c2a": "Caroline", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d06": "Spain ceded Florida to the British in 1763", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d07": "Spain", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d08": "Georgia", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d09": "Spain", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d0a": "the Florida Legislative Council", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c76": "hogs and cattle", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c77": "The Skirmish of the Brick Church in 1862 just outside Jacksonville", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c78": "Jacksonville", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c79": "The Skirmish of the Brick Church in 1862 just outside Jacksonville proper resulted in the first Confederate victory in Florida.", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c7a": "Cedar Creek", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbc": "St. Augustine", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbd": "Florida", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbe": "yellow fever", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbf": "extension of the Florida East Coast Railway", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cc0": "railroad", "5728170d3acd2414000df443": "Great Fire of 1901\"", "5728170d3acd2414000df444": "May 3, 1901", "5728170d3acd2414000df445": "May 3, 1901", "5728170d3acd2414000df446": "May 3, 1901", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d44": "warm climate", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d45": "30", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d46": "30", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d47": "Norman", "57281ab63acd2414000df493": "Jacksonville, like most large cities in the United States, suffered from negative effects of rapid urban sprawl after World War II. The construction of highways", "57281ab63acd2414000df494": "55.1%", "57281ab63acd2414000df495": "Jacksonville, like most large cities in the United States, suffered from negative effects of rapid urban sprawl", "57281ab63acd2414000df496": "Mayor W. Haydon Burns' Jacksonville Story resulted in the construction of a new city hall, civic auditorium, public library", "57281ab63acd2414000df497": "II", "57281bb84b864d190016449a": "Much of the city's tax base dissipated, leading to problems with funding education, sanitation, and traffic control within the city limits", "57281bb84b864d190016449b": "1958", "57281bb84b864d190016449c": "1958", "57281bb84b864d190016449d": "1958", "57281d494b864d19001644be": "the traditional old boy network", "57281d494b864d19001644bf": "11", "57281d494b864d19001644c0": "Jacksonville Consolidation", "57281d494b864d19001644c1": "Jacksonville Consolidation", "57281edd3acd2414000df4eb": "Jacksonville", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ec": "Jacksonville", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ed": "1967, voters approved the plan. On October 1, 1968, the governments merged to create the Consolidated City of Jacksonville", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ee": "$2.25 billion", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ef": "half-penny sales tax", "572820512ca10214002d9e72": "86.66%", "572820512ca10214002d9e73": "The St. Johns River", "572820512ca10214002d9e74": "The Trout River", "572820512ca10214002d9e75": "86.66% (757.7 sq mi or 1,962 km2) is land and ; 13.34%", "572820512ca10214002d9e76": "Baldwin", "572821274b864d1900164510": "Riverplace", "572821274b864d1900164511": "Riverplace", "572821274b864d1900164512": "Riverplace", "572821274b864d1900164513": "28 floor Riverplace Tower", "572821274b864d1900164514": "37-story Wells Fargo Center", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc4": "Jacksonville", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc5": "sunny", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc6": "south Atlantic region of the United States, Jacksonville", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc7": "low", "57282358ff5b5019007d9dde": "around 53 F", "57282358ff5b5019007d9ddf": "thunderstorms", "57282358ff5b5019007d9de0": "rapid heating", "57282358ff5b5019007d9de1": "around 53 F", "572824f13acd2414000df58f": "Hurricane Dora", "572824f13acd2414000df590": "Hurricane Dora", "572824f13acd2414000df591": "Beryl", "572824f13acd2414000df592": "Jacksonville has suffered less damage from hurricanes than most other east coast cities, although the threat does exist for a direct hit by a major hurricane", "572824f13acd2414000df593": "Jacksonville has suffered less damage from hurricanes than most other east coast cities, although the threat does exist for a direct hit by a major hurricane", "572826634b864d19001645be": "Arab population", "572826634b864d19001645bf": "Filipino American community, with 25,033", "572826634b864d19001645c0": "Filipino American community", "572826634b864d19001645c1": "Filipino", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bb": "2010[update], there were 366,273", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bc": "2010[update], there were 366,273", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bd": "2010[update], there were 366,273", "572827fc3acd2414000df5be": "94.1", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ee": "net wealth", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ef": "2016", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f0": "recession", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f1": "2016", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f2": "2015", "5729d36b1d04691400779607": "the richest 1% of adults alone owned 40%", "5729d36b1d04691400779608": "more financial assets", "5729d36b1d04691400779609": "nearly $41 trillion", "5729d36b1d0469140077960a": "62", "5729d36b1d0469140077960b": "more financial assets", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc0": "more wealth", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc1": "PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans \"have more wealth", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc2": "Inherited wealth", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc3": "more wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779611": "more wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779612": "Inherited wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779613": "Inherited wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779614": "Institute for Policy Studies, \"over 60 percent", "5729d44b1d04691400779615": "the Institute for Policy Studies, \"over 60 percent\" of the Forbes richest 400 Americans \"grew up in substantial privilege", "5727e9523acd2414000def95": "market economy", "5727e9523acd2414000def96": "market economy", "5727e9523acd2414000def97": "differences in value added by labor, capital and land", "5727e9523acd2414000def98": "highly-paid professions and lower-paid professions", "5727e9523acd2414000def99": "marginal value added", "5729d51d3f37b3190047858f": "inequalities", "5729d51d3f37b31900478590": "value added by labor, capital and land", "5729d51d3f37b31900478591": "wages and profits", "5729d51d3f37b31900478592": "marginal value added", "5729d51d3f37b31900478593": "the productivity gap", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986e": "wages", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986f": "mechanization and automation", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9870": "proportion to capital inputs", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9871": "the productivity of each worker, resulting in a situation of relatively stagnant wages for the working class amidst rising levels of property income for the capitalist class", "5729d609af94a219006aa661": "capital equipment for labor inputs (workers", "5729d609af94a219006aa662": "mechanization and automation", "5729d609af94a219006aa663": "Marxian analysis, capitalist firms", "5729d609af94a219006aa664": "mechanization and automation) raises the productivity", "5729d609af94a219006aa665": "The substitution of capital equipment for labor (mechanization and automation) raises the productivity", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b6": "market", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b7": "the law of supply and demand", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b8": "the law of supply and demand", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b9": "market", "5727ec062ca10214002d99ba": "unfair", "5729d878af94a219006aa66b": "market", "5729d878af94a219006aa66c": "market", "5729d878af94a219006aa66d": "wages", "5729d878af94a219006aa66e": "markets", "5729d878af94a219006aa66f": "high levels of inequality", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df001": "competition between workers drives down the wage. An example of this would be jobs such as dish-washing or customer service", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df002": "competition between workers drives down the wage. An example of this would be jobs such as dish-washing or customer service", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df003": "competition between workers drives down the wage. An example of this would be jobs such as dish-washing or customer service", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df004": "competition between workers drives down the wage. An example of this would be jobs such as dish-washing or customer service", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df005": "competition between workers drives down the wage. An example of this would be jobs such as dish-washing or customer service", "5729da0faf94a219006aa675": "competition between workers drives down the wage. An example of this would be jobs such as dish-washing or customer service", "5729da0faf94a219006aa676": "competition between workers drives down the wage. An example of this would be jobs such as dish-washing or customer service", "5729da0faf94a219006aa677": "competition between workers drives down the wage", "5729da0faf94a219006aa678": "few", "5729da0faf94a219006aa679": "few", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ec": "higher economic inequality tends to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level (self-employment", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ed": "achievement-oriented motivations (\"pull\") such as vocation", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ee": "survival needs such as income", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ef": "achievement-oriented motivations (\"pull\") such as vocation", "5727ee372ca10214002d99f0": "achievement-oriented motivations (\"pull\") such as vocation", "5729de24af94a219006aa689": "higher economic inequality", "5729de24af94a219006aa68a": "necessity rather than opportunity", "5729de24af94a219006aa68b": "achievement-oriented motivations (\"pull\") such as vocation", "5729de24af94a219006aa68c": "achievement-oriented motivations (\"pull\") such as vocation", "5729de24af94a219006aa68d": "necessity", "5727ef664b864d1900164060": "the taxable base amount increases", "5727ef664b864d1900164061": "the", "5727ef664b864d1900164062": "equal distribution of income", "5727ef664b864d1900164063": "the", "5729e02f1d04691400779639": "the tax rate", "5729e02f1d0469140077963a": "the level of the top tax rate", "5729e02f1d0469140077963b": "the Gini index", "5729e02f1d0469140077963c": "The difference between the Gini index for an income distribution before taxation and the Gini index", "5727f05b4b864d1900164068": "Education", "5727f05b4b864d1900164069": "variation in individuals' access to education", "5727f05b4b864d190016406a": "lower incomes", "5727f05b4b864d190016406b": "poor", "5727f05b4b864d190016406c": "education raises incomes and promotes growth", "5729e1101d04691400779641": "variation in individuals' access to education", "5729e1101d04691400779642": "high wages", "5729e1101d04691400779643": "lower", "5729e1101d04691400779644": "lower incomes", "5729e1101d04691400779645": "education", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05b": "S&P recommended increasing access to education", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05c": "access to education. It estimated that if the average United States worker had completed just one more year of school, it would add an additional $105 billion", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05d": "2014", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05e": "2014", "5729e1e36aef0514001550ba": "2014, economists with the Standard & Poor", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bb": "2008-2009 recession", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bc": "increasing access to education", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bd": "105 billion", "5729e1e36aef0514001550be": "boom-and-bust cycles", "5727f2714b864d1900164072": "designed to equip students with necessary skill sets", "5727f2714b864d1900164073": "decrease in the price of skilled labor. High school education during the period was designed to equip students with necessary skill sets", "5727f2714b864d1900164074": "decrease", "5727f2714b864d1900164075": "decrease in wages caused a period of compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers", "5727f2714b864d1900164076": "wages caused a period of compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled", "5729e2b76aef0514001550ce": "designed to equip students with necessary skill sets", "5729e2b76aef0514001550cf": "decrease", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d0": "designed to equip students with necessary skill sets to be able to perform at work. In fact, it differs from the present high school education", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d1": "Education", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d2": "low economic growth, and continued gender inequality in education", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e7": "business regulation along with the decline of union membership", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e8": "business regulation along with the decline of union membership as one of the causes of economic inequality", "5727f6723acd2414000df0ea": "business regulation along with the decline of union membership as one of the causes of economic inequality", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e9": "inequality", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69d": "business regulation along with the decline of union membership as one of the causes of economic inequality", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69e": "high levels of income inequality", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69f": "2006", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a0": "U.S.-style labor-market flexibility dramatically improves labor-market outcomes.", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a1": "business regulation along with the decline of union membership as one of the causes of economic inequality", "5727f7523acd2414000df10d": "Scandinavia", "5727f7523acd2414000df10e": "inequality", "5727f7523acd2414000df10f": "Jake Rosenfield", "5727f7523acd2414000df110": "Jake Rosenfield", "5729e4291d04691400779651": "Sociologist Jake Rosenfield of the University of Washington", "5729e4291d04691400779652": "Washington", "5729e4291d04691400779653": "Jake Rosenfield of the University of Washington asserts that the decline of organized labor", "5729e4291d04691400779654": "low levels of inequality", "5729e4291d04691400779655": "weak labor movements", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a18": "trade liberalisation", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a19": "trade liberalisation", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1a": "Paul Krugman estimates that trade liberalisation", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1b": "Paul Krugman", "5729f1283f37b319004785d7": "Paul Krugman", "5729f1283f37b319004785d8": "low-skilled workers in the rich countries may see reduced wages as a result of the competition", "5729f1283f37b319004785d9": "Trade economist Paul Krugman estimates that trade liberalisation", "5729f1283f37b319004785da": "minor when compared to other causes, such as technological innovation", "5729f1283f37b319004785db": "machine labor", "5727fd123acd2414000df185": "53%", "5727fd123acd2414000df186": "Botswana to -40%", "5727fd123acd2414000df187": "Knowledge", "5727fd123acd2414000df188": "53%", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e7": "53%", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e8": "53%", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e9": "pay", "5729f1c13f37b319004785ea": "Thomas Sowell", "5729f1c13f37b319004785eb": "there is still a difference", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ab": "social welfare", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ac": "development", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ad": "the owners of this capital having more wealth and income", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ae": "Economist Simon Kuznets", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6dd": "relatively equal distributions of wealth", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6de": "levels of economic inequality", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6df": "more capital", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e0": "inequality", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e1": "social welfare programs", "57287b322ca10214002da3be": "1910", "57287b322ca10214002da3bf": "curve", "57287b322ca10214002da3c0": "the Kuznets curve", "57287b322ca10214002da3c1": "the Kuznets curve", "5729f3883f37b319004785f1": "the Kuznets curve", "5729f3883f37b319004785f2": "middle-income developing economies level of inequality bulging out to form what is now known as the Kuznets curve", "5729f3883f37b319004785f3": "cross-sectional data", "5729f3883f37b319004785f4": "decrease", "5729f3883f37b319004785f5": "the Kuznets curve", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26c": "concentration", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26d": "beneficiaries", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26e": "concentration", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26f": "Wealth concentration", "5729f4273f37b319004785fb": "already-wealthy individuals or entities", "5729f4273f37b319004785fc": "concentration", "5729f4273f37b319004785fd": "ation", "5729f4273f37b319004785fe": "Thomas Piketty", "5729f4273f37b319004785ff": "higher returns", "5729f4e46aef051400155157": "market forces should serve as a brake on such concentration, which may better be explained by the non-market force known as \"rent-seeking", "5729f4e46aef051400155156": "Economist", "5729f4e46aef051400155158": "rare", "5729f4e46aef051400155159": "the use of political power generated by wealth by certain groups to shape government policies financially beneficial to them. This process, known to economists as rent-seeking", "5729f4e46aef05140015515a": "rent-seeking", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6ef": "higher rates of health and social problems, and lower rates of social goods", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f0": "human capital", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f1": "life expectancy", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f2": "higher rates of health and social problems", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f3": "US states (r = -.620", "572a05eb3f37b31900478653": "2013", "572a05eb3f37b31900478654": "inequality", "572a05eb3f37b31900478655": "High and persistent unemployment, in which inequality increases, has a negative effect on subsequent long-run economic growth", "572a05eb3f37b31900478656": "Increasing inequality harms economic growth", "572a05eb3f37b31900478657": "High and persistent unemployment", "572a06866aef0514001551be": "higher rates of health and social problems", "572a06866aef0514001551bf": "obesity", "572a06866aef0514001551c0": "life expectancy", "572a06866aef0514001551c2": "23", "572a06866aef0514001551c1": "obesity", "572a070c6aef0514001551c8": "full stomachs, access to clean water and warmth from fuel \u2013 led to better health and longer lives", "572a070c6aef0514001551c9": "poorer countries", "572a070c6aef0514001551ca": "life expectancy", "572a070c6aef0514001551cb": "78", "572a070c6aef0514001551cc": "longer", "572a07a86aef0514001551d2": "income inequality", "572a07a86aef0514001551d3": "nine factors, authors Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett found health and social problems \"more common in countries with bigger income inequalities", "572a07a86aef0514001551d4": "income inequality", "572a07a86aef0514001551d5": "income inequality", "572a07a86aef0514001551d6": "UNICEF index", "572a0a391d046914007796df": "inequality", "572a0a391d046914007796e0": "homicide", "572a0a391d046914007796e1": "fifty", "572a0a391d046914007796e3": "inequality", "572a0a391d046914007796e2": "tenfold difference in homicide rates related to inequality", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa765": "economic inequality is problematic. A house", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa766": "distributive efficiency", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa767": "the marginal utility of wealth per person (\"the additional dollar\") decreases as a person becomes richer", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa768": "the additional dollar", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa769": "higher aggregate utility", "572a0c541d046914007796f3": "consumption, rather than income", "572a0c541d046914007796f4": "Will Wilkinson", "572a0c541d046914007796f5": "2001", "572a0c541d046914007796f6": "Will Wilkinson", "572a0c541d046914007796f7": "Poor", "572a0d21af94a219006aa783": "Central Banking", "572a0d21af94a219006aa784": "Raghuram Rajan argues that \"systematic economic inequalities", "572a0d21af94a219006aa785": "2007\u201308", "572a0d21af94a219006aa786": "easier credit", "572a0d21af94a219006aa787": "unsustainable monetary stimulation", "572a0e0e1d04691400779707": "inequality in wealth and income", "572a0e0e1d04691400779708": "the quality of a country's institutions and high levels of education", "572a0e0e1d04691400779709": "poor", "572a0e0e1d0469140077970a": "higher GDP growth", "572a0e0e1d0469140077970b": "The poor and the middle class", "572a0ecb1d04691400779717": "economists David Castells", "572a0ecb1d04691400779718": "economic growth. High and persistent unemployment", "572a0ecb1d04691400779719": "High and persistent unemployment, in which inequality increases, has a negative effect on subsequent long-run economic growth", "572a0ecb1d0469140077971a": "increasing inequality", "572a0ecb1d0469140077971b": "inequality", "572a1046af94a219006aa78d": "Economist Joseph Stiglitz presented evidence in 2009 that both global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth by limiting aggregate demand. Economist Branko Milanovic", "572a1046af94a219006aa78e": "limiting aggregate demand", "572a1046af94a219006aa78f": "2001", "572a1046af94a219006aa790": "increasing importance of human capital", "572a1046af94a219006aa791": "education", "572a11663f37b31900478693": "1993", "572a11663f37b31900478694": "1996", "572a11663f37b31900478695": "In 1993, Galor and Zeira showed that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections", "572a11663f37b31900478696": "higher levels of redistributive taxation", "572a11663f37b31900478697": "politically and socially unstable", "572a12381d0469140077972d": "2000", "572a12381d0469140077972e": "relatively poor countries but encourage growth", "572a12381d0469140077972c": "Harvard economist Robert Barro, found that there is \"little overall relation between income inequality and rates of growth and investment", "572a12381d0469140077972b": "2000", "572a12381d0469140077972f": "1960 and 2000", "572a13841d0469140077973b": "the Kuznets curve", "572a13841d0469140077973c": "income inequality and growth have sometimes found evidence confirming the Kuznets curve hypothesis, which states that with economic development, inequality first increases, then decreases", "572a13841d0469140077973d": "magical\" Kuznets curve hypothesis, with its emphasis on the balancing of economic growth", "572a13841d0469140077973e": "Economist", "572a13841d0469140077973f": "wars", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7df": "2013 report on Nigeria suggests that growth has risen with increased income inequality. Some theories popular from the 1950s to 2011 incorrectly stated that inequality", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e0": "inequality, were thought to offset reduced consumer demand", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e1": "increased income inequality", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e2": "several years", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e3": "the income distribution", "572a1a5c6aef051400155284": "special efforts must be made to ensure poorer sections of society are able to participate in economic growth", "572a1a5c6aef051400155285": "the existing level of inequality", "572a1a5c6aef051400155286": "60 years", "572a1a5c6aef051400155287": "United Nations", "572a1a5c6aef051400155288": "\"While economic growth is necessary, it is not sufficient for progress on reducing poverty", "572a1ba46aef05140015528e": "much land and housing", "572a1ba46aef05140015528f": "associations", "572a1ba46aef051400155290": "buying property and building", "572a1ba46aef051400155291": "14 years", "572a1ba46aef051400155292": "200", "572a1c943f37b319004786e1": "affordable housing", "572a1c943f37b319004786e2": "the number of quality rental units", "572a1c943f37b319004786e3": "1984 and 1991", "572a1c943f37b319004786e4": "1984 and 1991", "572a1c943f37b319004786e5": "low income", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f5": "the costs of housing, pensions", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f6": "manage their finances", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f7": "aspirational consumption", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f8": "middle income earners aspiring to achieve the standards of living enjoyed by their wealthier counterparts and one method of achieving this aspiration is by taking on debt", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f9": "by taking on debt", "572a1f086aef0514001552c0": "Environmental Kuznets Curve", "572a1f086aef0514001552c1": "a multiplier", "572a1f086aef0514001552c2": "Environmental Kuznets Curve", "572a1f086aef0514001552c3": "the Environmental Kuznets Curve", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d0": "private ownership of the means of production by a class", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d1": "class", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d2": "a wage or salary", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d3": "income differentials", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d4": "socially owned", "572a20816aef0514001552e4": "taxation", "572a20816aef0514001552e5": "force (usually in the form of taxation", "572a20816aef0514001552e6": "force", "572a20816aef0514001552e7": "property", "572a20816aef0514001552e8": "Justice", "572a213e6aef0514001552ee": "income inequality", "572a213e6aef0514001552ef": "economic growth and income", "572a213e6aef0514001552f0": "income inequality and poverty", "572a213e6aef0514001552f1": "functioning", "572a213e6aef0514001552f2": "functionings (the things a person values doing), capabilities (the freedom to enjoy functionings) and agency (the ability to pursue valued goals", "572a2224af94a219006aa823": "inequality", "572a2224af94a219006aa824": "much", "572a2224af94a219006aa825": "gender roles and customs", "572a2224af94a219006aa826": "gender roles and customs may prevent a woman from receiving an education or working outside the home", "572a2224af94a219006aa827": "income", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e2": "1963", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e3": "1963", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e4": "TARDIS", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e5": "Doctor Who", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e6": "1963", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f2": "1963 to 1989", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f3": "Russell T Davies", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f4": "1963 to 1989", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f5": "1989", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f6": "1989", "5727f18c3acd2414000df063": "Twelve", "5727f18c3acd2414000df064": "Peter Capaldi", "5727f18c3acd2414000df065": "Twelve", "5727f18c3acd2414000df066": "Twelve", "5727f18c3acd2414000df067": "Twelve", "5727f2583acd2414000df087": "Gallifrey", "5727f2583acd2414000df088": "The Doctor", "5727f2583acd2414000df089": "a rogue Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey", "5727f2583acd2414000df08a": "The TARDIS has a \"chameleon circuit", "5727f2583acd2414000df08b": "The Doctor\"", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a5": "The Doctor rarely travels alone and often brings one or more companions to share these adventures. His companions are usually humans", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a6": "the Master", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a7": "the Doctor has the ability to regenerate", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a8": "humans", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a9": "the Master", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a32": "The head of drama, Canadian Sydney Newman", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a33": "aliens", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a34": "The head of drama, Canadian Sydney Newman", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a35": "The head of drama, Canadian Sydney Newman", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a36": "The head of drama, Canadian Sydney Newman", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a44": "26 seasons, broadcast on BBC 1", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a45": "Jonathan Powell", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a46": "Sophie Aldred", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a47": "The BBC drama department's serials division produced the programme for 26 seasons, broadcast on BBC 1", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a48": "BBC 1", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9956": "company", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9957": "July", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9958": "Fox Network in 1996", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9959": "9.1 million", "5727f678ff5b5019007d995a": "9.1 million", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9960": "Rose\"", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9961": "Rose\" on BBC One", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9963": "2009", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9964": "Rose", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9962": "Rose\" on BBC One", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7c": "2005", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7d": "2005", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7e": "2005", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7f": "Battlestar Galactica", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a80": "Mission Impossible", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164160": "ten minutes", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164161": "ten minutes", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164162": "ten minutes", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164163": "ten minutes", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164164": "ten minutes", "5727fdb94b864d190016417c": "Hiding behind (or 'watching from behind') the sofa", "5727fdb94b864d190016417d": "the Museum of the Moving Image", "5727fdb94b864d190016417e": "the Museum of the Moving Image", "5727fdb94b864d190016417f": "Digital Spy", "5727fdb94b864d1900164180": "Digital Spy", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a1": "Doctor Who", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a2": "3%", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a3": "Philip Howard", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a4": "Times", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a5": "Doctor Who", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8c": "the TARDIS", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8d": "1996", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8e": "1996", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8f": "Metropolitan Police Authority", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a90": "1996", "572800b03acd2414000df1f1": "26 seasons on BBC One", "572800b03acd2414000df1f2": "The Daleks", "572800b03acd2414000df1f3": "12", "572800b03acd2414000df1f4": "The Master", "572800b03acd2414000df1f5": "26 seasons on BBC One", "572801823acd2414000df1fb": "2005", "572801823acd2414000df1fc": "13 45-minute", "572801823acd2414000df1fd": "Christmas Day", "572801823acd2414000df1fe": "Journey's End\" from 2008 and \"The Eleventh Hour", "572801823acd2414000df1ff": "Journey's End", "5728023a4b864d19001641f4": "826", "5728023a4b864d19001641f5": "25", "5728023a4b864d19001641f6": "eight", "5728023a4b864d19001641f7": "eight", "5728023a4b864d19001641f8": "Planet of the Dead", "572803493acd2414000df229": "William Hartnell and Patrick Troughton", "572803493acd2414000df22a": "97 of 253", "572803493acd2414000df22b": "seasons 3, 4, & 5", "572803493acd2414000df22c": "1978", "572803493acd2414000df22d": "Doctor Who", "572804522ca10214002d9b94": "home viewers who made tape recordings of the show. Short clips from every story with the exception of Marco Polo, \"Mission to the Unknown", "572804522ca10214002d9b95": "fans", "572804522ca10214002d9b97": "Unknown", "572804522ca10214002d9b96": "8", "572804522ca10214002d9b98": "home", "572805363acd2414000df26d": "4", "572805363acd2414000df26e": "1 and 4", "572805363acd2414000df26f": "4", "572805363acd2414000df270": "Theta-Sigma", "572805363acd2414000df271": "4", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b42": "regeneration", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b43": "poor health", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b44": "poor health", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b45": "poor health", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b46": "regeneration", "572808bf4b864d190016429a": "12", "572808bf4b864d190016429b": "12 times, for a total of 13", "572808bf4b864d190016429c": "The episode \"The Time of the Doctor\"", "572808bf4b864d190016429d": "13", "572808bf4b864d190016429e": "13", "572809ab4b864d19001642ae": "John Hurt", "572809ab4b864d19001642af": "John Hurt", "572809ab4b864d19001642b0": "Michael Jayston", "572809ab4b864d19001642b1": "1986", "572809ab4b864d19001642b2": "John Hurt", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c66": "the War Doctor", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c67": "Richard Hurndall", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c68": "Five", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c6a": "The Big Bang", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c69": "The Name of the Doctor", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca8": "1999", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca9": "Zagreus", "57280cac2ca10214002d9caa": "2010", "57280cac2ca10214002d9cab": "Four", "57280cac2ca10214002d9cac": "2003, an audio drama titled Zagreus", "57280e323acd2414000df349": "The Brain of Morbius (1976", "57280e323acd2414000df34a": "The Brain of Morbius (1976", "57280e323acd2414000df34b": "Mawdryn Undead (1983", "57280e323acd2414000df34c": "Mawdryn Undead", "57280e323acd2414000df34d": "Five Doctors", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35b": "An Unearthly Child, shows that the Doctor has a granddaughter, Susan Foreman. In the 1967 serial, Tomb of the Cybermen", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35c": "Susan Foreman", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35d": "Ninth Doctor thought he was the last surviving Time Lord, and that his home planet had been destroyed; in \"The Empty Child", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35e": "Ninth Doctor thought he was the last surviving Time Lord, and that his home planet had been destroyed; in \"The Empty Child", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35f": "Susan Foreman. In the 1967 serial, Tomb of the Cybermen", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c30": "Susan Foreman", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c31": "The Deadly Assassin", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c33": "Susan Foreman", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c34": "Susan Foreman", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c32": "Susan Foreman", "572811434b864d190016438c": "Bill", "572811434b864d190016438d": "Rose", "572811434b864d190016438e": "2005", "572811434b864d190016438f": "2005", "572811434b864d1900164390": "Tate", "572812142ca10214002d9d2a": "Cybermen", "572812142ca10214002d9d2b": "2005", "572812142ca10214002d9d2c": "2005", "572812142ca10214002d9d2d": "Cybermen", "572812142ca10214002d9d2e": "Zygons", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c80": "The Dalek race", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c81": "Skaro", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c82": "The Dalek race", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c83": "Davros", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c84": "their eyestalk", "572813b52ca10214002d9d68": "The Master", "572813b52ca10214002d9d69": "The Master", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6a": "Doctor Who", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6b": "The Master is the Doctor's archenemy, a renegade Time Lord", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6c": "The Master is the Doctor's archenemy, a renegade Time Lord", "572814882ca10214002d9d72": "Missy", "572814882ca10214002d9d73": "Missy", "572814882ca10214002d9d74": "Missy", "572814882ca10214002d9d75": "Missy", "572814882ca10214002d9d76": "Missy", "572816213acd2414000df429": "Ron Grainer", "572816213acd2414000df42a": "BBC Radiophonic Workshop, with assistance from Dick Mills", "572816213acd2414000df42b": "musique concr\u00e8te", "572816213acd2414000df42c": "17", "572816213acd2414000df42d": "Ron Grainer", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db0": "Peter Howell", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db1": "John Debney created a new arrangement of Ron Grainer", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db2": "Seventh", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db3": "John Debney created a new arrangement of Ron Grainer", "572817802ca10214002d9db4": "Peter Howell", "5728185f3acd2414000df45b": "The Snowmen", "5728185f3acd2414000df45d": "Classic FM", "5728185f3acd2414000df45c": "2007 Christmas special episode, \"Voyage of the Damned", "5728185f3acd2414000df45e": "2007 Christmas special episode, \"Voyage of the Damned", "5728185f3acd2414000df45f": "The Snowmen", "572819864b864d190016447e": "1970s", "572819864b864d190016447f": "1978 a disco version of the theme was released in the UK, Denmark and Australia by the group Mankind", "572819864b864d1900164480": "group Mankind, which reached number 24", "572819864b864d1900164481": "Mankind", "572819864b864d1900164482": "Mankind, which reached number 24", "57281a952ca10214002d9dea": "Planet of Giants", "57281a952ca10214002d9deb": "Planet of Giants", "57281a952ca10214002d9dec": "Planet of Giants", "57281a952ca10214002d9ded": "Planet of Giants", "57281a952ca10214002d9dee": "Planet of Giants", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfa": "The Christmas Invasion", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfb": "19 November 2006", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfc": "Spheres", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfd": "Music of the Spheres", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfe": "Murray Gold and Ben Foster", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1e": "Six", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1f": "Six", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e20": "Six", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e21": "A Christmas Carol", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e22": "Six", "57281f203acd2414000df4f5": "The Day of the Doctor", "57281f203acd2414000df4f6": "2012", "57281f203acd2414000df4f7": "2014", "57281f203acd2414000df4f8": "The logo from 1973\u201380", "57281f203acd2414000df4f9": "The Day of the Doctor\"", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9c": "the assassination of John F. Kennedy", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9d": "Tom Baker", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9e": "Tom Baker", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9f": "the \"Dalekmania\" period (circa 1964\u20131965), when the popularity of the Daleks", "57282036ff5b5019007d9da0": "BBC Three", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db2": "16 million", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db3": "BBC Board of Control", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db4": "16 million", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db5": "16 million", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db6": "16 million", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd4": "1983 20th anniversary special The Five Doctors", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd5": "four", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd6": "four", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd7": "four", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd8": "20th anniversary", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed6": "ABC", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed7": "Five Doctors", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed8": "SyFy", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed9": "Five Doctors", "5728245b2ca10214002d9eda": "ABC1", "572825714b864d1900164590": "Three", "572825714b864d1900164591": "Three", "572825714b864d1900164592": "YTV", "572825714b864d1900164593": "Three", "572825714b864d1900164594": "Judith Merril", "572826762ca10214002d9f2c": "Christopher Eccleston", "572826762ca10214002d9f2d": "Billie Piper", "572826762ca10214002d9f2e": "Christmas Invasion", "572826762ca10214002d9f2f": "2006", "572826762ca10214002d9f30": "CBC", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e26": "BBC Video", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e27": "Eight", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e28": "One episode of Doctor Who (The Infinite Quest)", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e29": "Space", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e2a": "BBC Video", "572828383acd2414000df5c3": "David Banks", "572828383acd2414000df5c4": "David Banks", "572828383acd2414000df5c5": "The Curse of the Daleks", "572828383acd2414000df5c6": "David Banks", "572828383acd2414000df5c7": "David Banks", "572829532ca10214002d9fa2": "13-part spin-off series titled Torchwood", "572829532ca10214002d9fa3": "Cardiff", "572829532ca10214002d9fa4": "John Barrowman", "572829532ca10214002d9fa5": "John Barrowman", "572829532ca10214002d9fa6": "Cardiff", "57282f204b864d190016468a": "Elisabeth Sladen who reprised her role as investigative journalist Sarah Jane Smith, was developed by CBBC", "57282f204b864d190016468b": "Elisabeth Sladen who reprised her role as investigative journalist Sarah Jane Smith, was developed by CBBC", "57282f204b864d190016468c": "David Tennant", "57282f204b864d190016468d": "David Tennant", "57282f204b864d190016468e": "death", "5728303e4b864d19001646aa": "Dimensions in Time", "5728303e4b864d19001646ab": "Dimensions in Time", "5728303e4b864d19001646ac": "EastEnders", "5728303e4b864d19001646ad": "Pulfrich", "5728303e4b864d19001646ae": "Pulfrich", "572831512ca10214002da04a": "1999", "572831512ca10214002da04b": "four", "572831512ca10214002da04c": "1999", "572831512ca10214002da04d": "1999", "572831512ca10214002da04e": "Steven Moffat", "572833662ca10214002da086": "Queer as Folk", "572833662ca10214002da087": "Queer as Folk (created by later Doctor Who executive producer Russell T. Davies), the character of Vince", "572833662ca10214002da088": "Queer as Folk", "572833662ca10214002da089": "Oliver", "572833662ca10214002da08a": "Queer as Folk (created by later Doctor Who executive producer Russell T. Davies), the character of Vince", "572834524b864d1900164716": "The Chase", "572834524b864d1900164717": "Fourth Doctor. The first commercially available audiobook was an abridged reading of the Fourth Doctor story State of Decay", "572834524b864d1900164718": "Ten years later, the first original Doctor Who audio was released on LP record; Doctor Who and the Pescatons", "572834524b864d1900164719": "1981", "572834524b864d190016471a": "Slipback", "572835854b864d190016472e": "1999", "572835854b864d190016472f": "Fifth, Sixth and Seventh", "572835854b864d1900164730": "1999", "572835854b864d1900164731": "1999", "572835854b864d1900164732": "Tom Baker", "572836732ca10214002da0dc": "Panini", "572836732ca10214002da0dd": "Panini", "572836732ca10214002da0de": "Panini", "572836732ca10214002da0df": "Panini", "572836732ca10214002da0e0": "Panini", "572837402ca10214002da0f4": "BBC Television", "572837402ca10214002da0f5": "BBC Television", "572837402ca10214002da0f6": "BBC", "572837402ca10214002da0f7": "the BBC", "572838323acd2414000df737": "Matt Smith", "572838323acd2414000df738": "Matt Smith", "572838323acd2414000df739": "Matt Smith", "572838323acd2414000df73a": "Matt Smith", "572838323acd2414000df73b": "Missy", "57283a392ca10214002da118": "Guinness World Records", "57283a392ca10214002da119": "50th anniversary", "57283a392ca10214002da11a": "electronic music (originally produced by the BBC Radiophonic Workshop", "57283a392ca10214002da11b": "2013", "57283a392ca10214002da11c": "50th anniversary", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa4": "1975, Season 11", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa5": "Auntie Awards\" as the culmination of their \"TV60\" series, celebrating 60 years of BBC television broadcasting, where Doctor Who", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa6": "third", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa7": "Auntie", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa8": "third", "57283ce72ca10214002da14c": "Vincent", "57283ce72ca10214002da14d": "five", "57283ce72ca10214002da14e": "Vincent", "57283ce72ca10214002da14f": "2009, Doctor Who was voted the 3rd greatest show of the 2000s by Channel 4", "57283ce72ca10214002da150": "the Doctor", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc6": "200", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc7": "200", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc8": "200", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc9": "Matt Smith won Best Actor in the 2012 National Television awards alongside Karen Gillan", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fca": "The Empty Child\"/\"The Doctor Dances\" (2006), \"The Girl in the Fireplace\" (2007), \"Blink", "57283e652ca10214002da166": "Doctor Who has been satirised and spoofed on many occasions by comedians including Spike Milligan", "57283e652ca10214002da167": "Jon Culshaw", "57283e652ca10214002da168": "Lenny Henry", "57283e652ca10214002da16a": "Theory", "57283e652ca10214002da169": "Jon Culshaw", "57283c464b864d19001647c8": "The University of Chicago (UChicago, Chicago, or U of C) is a private research university in Chicago. The university, established in 1890", "57283c464b864d19001647c9": "1890", "57283c464b864d19001647ca": "seven", "57283c464b864d19001647cb": "The University of Chicago (UChicago, Chicago, or U of C) is a private research university in Chicago. The university, established in 1890", "57283c464b864d19001647cc": "The University of Chicago (UChicago, Chicago, or U of C) is a private research university in Chicago. The university, established in 1890", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbc": "economics", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbd": "Chicago's physics department helped develop the world's first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction beneath the university's Stagg Field", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbe": "Chicago's physics department helped develop the world's first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction beneath the university's Stagg Field", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbf": "the University of Chicago", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fc0": "2020, the Barack Obama Presidential Center will be housed at the university and include both the Obama presidential library and offices of the Obama Foundation", "57283f014b864d19001647e8": "1890", "57283f014b864d19001647e9": "John D. Rockefeller", "57283f014b864d19001647ea": "William Rainey Harper", "57283f014b864d19001647eb": "William Rainey Harper", "57283f014b864d19001647ec": "1892", "57284142ff5b5019007da00a": "John D. Rockefeller on land donated by Marshall Field", "57284142ff5b5019007da00b": "wealthy Chicagoans like Silas B. Cobb", "57284142ff5b5019007da00c": "Chicago", "57284142ff5b5019007da00d": "100,000", "57284142ff5b5019007da00e": "Charles L", "572843304b864d1900164848": "College", "572843304b864d1900164849": "1896, the university affiliated with Shimer College in Mount Carroll, Illinois", "572843304b864d190016484a": "confer a degree on any graduating senior from an affiliated school who made a grade of A", "572843304b864d190016484b": "Several University of Chicago professors", "572843304b864d190016484c": "1896, the university affiliated with Shimer College", "57284456ff5b5019007da05c": "Robert Maynard Hutchins", "57284456ff5b5019007da060": "the Common Core", "57284456ff5b5019007da05f": "Robert Maynard Hutchins", "57284456ff5b5019007da05e": "Robert Maynard Hutchins", "57284456ff5b5019007da05d": "Robert Maynard Hutchins", "57284618ff5b5019007da0a8": "Hyde Park neighborhood", "57284618ff5b5019007da0a9": "crime and poverty", "57284618ff5b5019007da0aa": "automatically to the University of Chicago", "57284618ff5b5019007da0ab": "Hyde Park neighborhood", "57284618ff5b5019007da0ac": "young", "572847ff3acd2414000df869": "George Beadle", "572847ff3acd2414000df86a": "George Beadle", "572847ff3acd2414000df86b": "1967", "572847ff3acd2414000df86c": "two", "572847ff3acd2414000df86d": "Kalven Report", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f2": "2000s", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f3": "Chicago announced plans to establish the Milton Friedman Institute", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f4": "around $200 million", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f5": "Chicago Theological Seminary", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f6": "David G. Booth donated $300 million", "57284b904b864d19001648e2": "Chicago", "57284b904b864d19001648e3": "six", "57284b904b864d19001648e4": "six", "57284b904b864d19001648e5": "Magdalen", "57284b904b864d19001648e6": "Christ Church Hall", "57284d484b864d1900164900": "1955", "57284d484b864d1900164901": "1955", "57284d484b864d1900164902": "the Laird Bell Law Quadrangle", "57284d484b864d1900164903": "the university's School of Social Service Administration", "57284d484b864d1900164904": "Eero Saarinen was contracted to develop a second master plan, which led to the construction of buildings both north and south of the Midway", "57284e9fff5b5019007da150": "Chicago", "57284e9fff5b5019007da151": "left bank of the Seine", "57284e9fff5b5019007da152": "Paris", "57284e9fff5b5019007da153": "Paris", "57284e9fff5b5019007da154": "2015", "5728501aff5b5019007da166": "a board of trustees", "5728501aff5b5019007da167": "The Board of Trustees oversees the long-term development and plans of the university and manages fundraising efforts, and is composed of 50 members including the university President", "5728501aff5b5019007da168": "fourteen", "5728501aff5b5019007da169": "Andrew Alper", "5728501aff5b5019007da16a": "Daniel Diermeier", "5728510f4b864d1900164936": "The Higher Learning Commission", "5728510f4b864d1900164937": "four", "5728510f4b864d1900164938": "seven", "57285213ff5b5019007da180": "Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science", "57285213ff5b5019007da181": "Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science", "57285213ff5b5019007da182": "Chicago", "57285213ff5b5019007da183": "New Collegiate Division", "572853e8ff5b5019007da188": "the Common Core", "572853e8ff5b5019007da189": "17", "572853e8ff5b5019007da18a": "Common Core", "572853e8ff5b5019007da18b": "the Common Core", "572855973acd2414000df925": "Laboratory", "572855973acd2414000df926": "behavioral and emotional problems", "572855973acd2414000df927": "University of Chicago Press", "572855973acd2414000df928": "Chicago Laboratory Schools (a private day school for K-12 students and day care), the Sonia Shankman", "572855973acd2414000df929": "students with learning disabilities, maintains a location on the University of Chicago", "572856beff5b5019007da190": "six", "572856beff5b5019007da191": "six", "572856beff5b5019007da192": "Chicago", "572856beff5b5019007da193": "2011", "572856beff5b5019007da194": "more than 1.3 million", "57285841ff5b5019007da19a": "12", "57285841ff5b5019007da19b": "12 research institutes and 113", "57285841ff5b5019007da19c": "Center", "57285841ff5b5019007da19d": "Fermilab", "57285841ff5b5019007da19e": "12", "57286010ff5b5019007da1ca": "Milton Friedman", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cb": "Chicago Pile-1", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cc": "the Miller\u2013Urey experiment", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cd": "1953", "572861cc4b864d190016495e": "1933", "572861cc4b864d190016495f": "1933", "572861cc4b864d1900164960": "visual arts, music, and art history, and, more recently, Cinema & Media studies (1996) and theater & performance studies (2002)", "572861cc4b864d1900164961": "visual arts, music, and art history, and, more recently, Cinema & Media studies (1996) and theater & performance studies (2002)", "572861cc4b864d1900164962": "Several thousand", "572863363acd2414000df985": "5,792", "572863363acd2414000df986": "3,468", "572863363acd2414000df987": "5,984", "572863363acd2414000df988": "5,792", "572863363acd2414000df989": "international", "572864542ca10214002da2de": "Ten", "572864542ca10214002da2df": "The Maroons compete in the NCAA's Division III", "572864542ca10214002da2e0": "Big Ten Conference", "572864542ca10214002da2e1": "Jay Berwanger", "572864542ca10214002da2e2": "Big Ten", "5728659f4b864d190016498a": "Chicago", "5728659f4b864d190016498b": "Chicago", "5728659f4b864d190016498c": "the University of Chicago College Bowl Team", "5728659f4b864d190016498d": "Doc", "5728659f4b864d190016498e": "WHPK", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fc": "graduate and undergraduate students", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fd": "Chicago", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fe": "two Vice Presidents, one for Administration", "5728667eff5b5019007da1ff": "$2 million", "572867543acd2414000df9a1": "fifteen", "572867543acd2414000df9a2": "fifteen", "572867543acd2414000df9a3": "Alpha Phi Omega", "572867543acd2414000df9a4": "Four", "572867543acd2414000df9a5": "ten", "5728683b3acd2414000df9af": "Chicago", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b0": "Chicago", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b1": "the Festival of the Arts", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b2": "week-long winter festival, Kuviasungnerk/Kangeiko", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b3": "Arts", "57286951ff5b5019007da20e": "Larry Ellison, Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO as well as former Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine, McKinsey & Company", "57286951ff5b5019007da20f": "Larry Ellison, Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO as well as former Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine, McKinsey & Company", "57286951ff5b5019007da210": "Larry Ellison, Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO as well as former Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine, McKinsey & Company", "57286951ff5b5019007da211": "Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella, Oracle Corporation founder and the third richest man in America Larry Ellison", "57286951ff5b5019007da212": "Joe Mansueto", "57286ab72ca10214002da31e": "Saul Alinsky", "57286ab72ca10214002da31f": "Saul Alinsky", "57286ab72ca10214002da320": "Robert Bork", "57286ab72ca10214002da321": "ka", "57286ab72ca10214002da322": "Eliot Ness", "57286bf84b864d19001649d4": "Saul Bellow", "57286bf84b864d19001649d6": "Kurt Vonnegut", "57286bf84b864d19001649d2": "Kurt Vonnegut", "57286bf84b864d19001649d5": "The Closing of the American Mind", "57286bf84b864d19001649d3": "Lauren Oliver, Pulitzer Prize winning novelist Philip Roth, Canadian-born Pulitzer Prize and Nobel Prize for Literature winning writer Saul Bellow", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e0": "Glass", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e1": "Katherine Dunham", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e2": "Halo video game series Alex Seropian, Serial host Sarah Koenig", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e3": "Sarah Koenig", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e4": "Mike Nichols", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d1": "Carl Sagan", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d2": "Carl Sagan, a prominent contributor to the scientific research of extraterrestrial life, and Edwin Hubble", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d3": "David Suzuki", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d4": "Code", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d5": "Patterson", "572870b2ff5b5019007da222": "Paul Samuelson", "572870b2ff5b5019007da223": "Milton Friedman", "572870b2ff5b5019007da224": "Paul Samuelson", "572870b2ff5b5019007da225": "stock market behaviour", "572871bc4b864d1900164a04": "David Graeber and Donald Johanson", "572871bc4b864d1900164a05": "Samuel Reshevsky", "572871bc4b864d1900164a06": "David Graeber and Donald Johanson", "572872dd2ca10214002da37e": "A. A. Michelson, elementary charge calculator Robert A. Millikan, discoverer of the Compton Effect", "572872dd2ca10214002da37f": "Teller", "572872dd2ca10214002da380": "Enrico Fermi, \"the father of the hydrogen bomb\" Edward Teller", "572872dd2ca10214002da381": "Enrico Fermi, \"the father of the hydrogen bomb\" Edward Teller", "572872dd2ca10214002da382": "Maria Goeppert-Mayer", "5728742cff5b5019007da246": "James Henry Breasted, mathematician Alberto Calder\u00f3n", "5728742cff5b5019007da247": "Alberto Calder\u00f3n", "5728742cff5b5019007da248": "Ted Fujita", "5728742cff5b5019007da249": "Yuan T. Lee", "5728742cff5b5019007da24a": "Past faculty have also included Egyptologist James Henry Breasted, mathematician Alberto Calder\u00f3n", "5728759cff5b5019007da25b": "Steven Levitt", "5728759cff5b5019007da25a": "Goldman Sachs", "5728759cff5b5019007da25c": "David Bevington", "5728759cff5b5019007da25d": "John Mearsheimer and Robert Pape", "5728759cff5b5019007da25e": "Neil Shubin and Paul Sereno, evolutionary biologist Jerry Coyne", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b6": "Kublai Khan", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b7": "Kublai Khan", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b8": "Kublai Khan", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b9": "Kublai Khan", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1ba": "1271", "572860e03acd2414000df977": "Kublai Khan", "572860e03acd2414000df978": "Kublai Khan", "572860e03acd2414000df979": "Kublai Khan", "572860e03acd2414000df97a": "Genghis Khan", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dc": "Great", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dd": "\u5927\u54c9\u4e7e\u5143\" (d\u00e0 zai Qi\u00e1n Yu\u00e1n / \"Great", "57286192ff5b5019007da1de": "Great", "57286192ff5b5019007da1df": "Great", "57286192ff5b5019007da1e0": "Great Khan", "572863c72ca10214002da2d4": "Mongol and Turkic tribes of the steppes", "572863c72ca10214002da2d5": "6", "572863c72ca10214002da2d6": "G\u00fcy\u00fck", "572863c72ca10214002da2d7": "G\u00fcy\u00fck", "572863c72ca10214002da2d8": "G\u00fcy\u00fck", "572864dd4b864d1900164976": "Shi Tianze, Liu Heima (\u5289\u9ed1\u99ac, Liu Ni), and the Khitan Xiao Zhala", "572864dd4b864d1900164977": "Shi Tianze, Liu Heima (\u5289\u9ed1\u99ac, Liu Ni), and the Khitan Xiao Zhala (\u856d\u672d\u524c)", "572864dd4b864d1900164978": "Shi Tianze, Liu Heima (\u5289\u9ed1\u99ac, Liu Ni), and the Khitan Xiao Zhala (\u856d\u672d\u524c)", "572864dd4b864d1900164979": "10,000", "572864dd4b864d190016497a": "4", "5728661e2ca10214002da2e8": "Shi Bingzhi (\u53f2\u79c9\u76f4, Shih Ping-chih)", "5728661e2ca10214002da2e9": "Jin", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ea": "Shi Tianze", "5728661e2ca10214002da2eb": "Shi", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ec": "Song dynasty ordered by T\u00f6regene Khatun", "572867212ca10214002da2f2": "Kublai returned from fighting the Song in 1260", "572867212ca10214002da2f3": "Kublai returned from fighting the Song in 1260", "572867212ca10214002da2f4": "He died in 1259", "572867212ca10214002da2f5": "brother", "572867212ca10214002da2f6": "Zhongtong", "572867d72ca10214002da2fc": "Instability", "572867d72ca10214002da2fd": "Instability", "572867d72ca10214002da2fe": "Wonjong", "572867d72ca10214002da2ff": "northeast border in 1259 by installing the hostage prince Wonjong", "572867d72ca10214002da300": "unrest", "572869b84b864d19001649ae": "1262", "572869b84b864d19001649b0": "He restored the Imperial Secretariat", "572869b84b864d19001649b2": "the Han Chinese", "572869b84b864d19001649b1": "Yuan society into three", "572869b84b864d19001649af": "Kublai's government after 1262", "57286b003acd2414000df9c1": "Zhongdu, now modern Beijing, in 1266. In 1271, Kublai formally claimed the Mandate of Heaven", "57286b003acd2414000df9c2": "Zhongdu, now modern Beijing, in 1266. In 1271, Kublai formally claimed the Mandate of Heaven", "57286b003acd2414000df9c3": "Zhongdu, now modern Beijing, in 1266. In 1271, Kublai formally claimed the Mandate of Heaven", "57286b003acd2414000df9c4": "Zhongdu", "57286b003acd2414000df9c5": "Zhongdu, now modern Beijing, in 1266", "57286bb84b864d19001649c8": "He", "57286bb84b864d19001649c9": "He supported the merchants of the Silk Road trade network by protecting the Mongol postal system", "57286bb84b864d19001649ca": "southern China", "57286bb84b864d19001649cb": "southern China", "57286bb84b864d19001649cc": "Grand Canal", "57286c8cff5b5019007da218": "Kong Duancao", "57286c8cff5b5019007da219": "Kong Duancao", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21a": "Kong Duancao", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21b": "Kong Duancao", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21c": "000", "57286d4f2ca10214002da328": "northern China", "57286d4f2ca10214002da329": "1268 and 1273", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32a": "1268 and 1273, the last obstacle in his way to capture the rich Yangzi River basin", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32b": "Hangzhou", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32c": "drowned", "57286dfa2ca10214002da332": "1279", "57286dfa2ca10214002da333": "an inauspicious typhoon", "57286dfa2ca10214002da334": "Mishandled military expeditions followed the financial problems.", "57286dfa2ca10214002da335": "the Battle of B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng", "57286dfa2ca10214002da336": "Mishandled military expeditions followed the financial problems.", "57286ead2ca10214002da346": "1253", "57286ead2ca10214002da347": "Zhenjin", "57286ead2ca10214002da348": "Dali", "57286ead2ca10214002da349": "Dali", "57286ead2ca10214002da34a": "Zhenjin", "57286f373acd2414000df9db": "Li Meng, a Confucian academic. He made many reforms, including the liquidation of the Department of State Affairs", "57286f373acd2414000df9dc": "Li Meng, a Confucian academic. He made many reforms, including the liquidation of the Department of State Affairs", "57286f373acd2414000df9dd": "Li Meng", "57286f373acd2414000df9de": "State Affairs", "57286f373acd2414000df9df": "Li Meng, a Confucian academic. He made many reforms, including the liquidation of the Department of State Affairs", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e5": "Baiju", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e6": "Baiju", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e7": "Baiju", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e8": "Baiju", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e9": "five", "5728705c2ca10214002da35a": "1328", "5728705c2ca10214002da35b": "the War of the Two Capitals", "5728705c2ca10214002da35c": "El Tem\u00fcr", "5728705c2ca10214002da35d": "the Qipchaq commander El Tem\u00fcr. He was installed as the emperor (Emperor Wenzong)", "5728705c2ca10214002da35e": "El Tem\u00fcr. He was installed as the emperor (Emperor Wenzong)", "5728710c3acd2414000df9ef": "Zhu Xi", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f0": "the Pavilion of the Star of Literature", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f1": "His most concrete effort to patronize Chinese learning was founding the Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f2": "Jingshi Dadian", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f3": "Zhu Xi", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa03": "1332", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa04": "Guangxi", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa05": "13", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa06": "nine", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa07": "Jin, and Song", "572872822ca10214002da374": "famine", "572872822ca10214002da375": "famine", "572872822ca10214002da376": "they were separated from both the army and the populace", "572872822ca10214002da377": "Outlaws ravaged the country without interference from the weakening Yuan armies", "572872822ca10214002da378": "rigues and rivalries", "57287338ff5b5019007da232": "floods", "57287338ff5b5019007da233": "Red Turban", "57287338ff5b5019007da234": "1354", "57287338ff5b5019007da235": "1354", "57287338ff5b5019007da236": "Red Turban Rebellion started and grew into a nationwide uprising. In 1354, when Toghtogha", "572878942ca10214002da3a2": "The political unity of China and much of central Asia promoted trade between East and West", "572878942ca10214002da3a3": "Mongols", "572878942ca10214002da3a4": "the communications between Yuan dynasty and its ally and subordinate in Persia, the Ilkhanate", "572878942ca10214002da3a5": "carrots, turnips, new varieties of lemons, eggplants, and melons, high-quality granulated sugar, and cotton", "572879574b864d1900164a14": "Western musical instruments were introduced to enrich Chinese performing arts.", "572879574b864d1900164a15": "the Yuan court", "572879574b864d1900164a16": "the Yuan court", "572879574b864d1900164a17": "the Yuan court", "572879574b864d1900164a18": "scientific education", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a28": "Il milione (or, The Million", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a29": "Il milione", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2a": "Il milione (or, The Million", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2b": "Il milione (or, The Million", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2c": "Il milione (or, The Million", "57287c142ca10214002da3d0": "Guo Shoujing", "57287c142ca10214002da3d1": "365.2425 days", "57287c142ca10214002da3d2": "365.2425 days", "57287c142ca10214002da3d3": "Beijing", "57287c142ca10214002da3d4": "sorghum", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3da": "non", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3db": "Eternal Heaven", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dc": "the Yuan dynasty", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dd": "the Yuan dynasty", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3de": "the Yuan dynasty", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e4": "the Han Chinese, Khitans, Jurchens, Mongols, and Tibetan Buddhists", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e5": "Yuan bureaucracy", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e6": "central government administration was established within the first decade of Kublai's reign.", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e7": "This government adopted the traditional Chinese tripartite division of authority", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e8": "The system of bureaucracy", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa3f": "the Privy Council", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa40": "Six Ministries", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa41": "Yuan legal system", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa42": "the Privy Council", "57287e512ca10214002da3f8": "1269", "57287e512ca10214002da3f9": "1269", "57287e512ca10214002da3fa": "1269", "57287e512ca10214002da3fb": "ut", "57287e512ca10214002da3fc": "Emperor Wenzong", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da274": "1290 in all parts of the Mongol Empire commoners", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da275": "1291", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da276": "Yuan dynasty", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa51": "qu form of poetry and the zaju variety show.", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa52": "the same individuals", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa53": "there were many famous painters. In the area of calligraphy many of the great calligraphers were from the Yuan dynasty era.", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa54": "qu", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa55": "qu", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3c": "never", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3d": "There were many religions practiced during the Yuan dynasty, such as Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity.", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3e": "Tibetan Buddhism", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3f": "top-level department and government agency known as the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs", "57287fec4b864d1900164a40": "Sakya", "5728804b4b864d1900164a46": "Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns", "5728804b4b864d1900164a47": "Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns", "5728804b4b864d1900164a48": "1249\u20131314) solved simultaneous equations with up to four unknowns using a rectangular array of coefficients, equivalent to modern matrices", "5728804b4b864d1900164a49": "Zhu Shijie", "5728804b4b864d1900164a4a": "1303", "5728809f2ca10214002da40c": "mathematics", "5728809f2ca10214002da40d": "cubic interpolation formula", "5728809f2ca10214002da40e": "cubic interpolation formula", "5728809f2ca10214002da40f": "cubic interpolation formula", "5728809f2ca10214002da410": "1281", "572881022ca10214002da416": "Yuan government", "572881022ca10214002da417": "Kublai created the Imperial Academy of Medicine to manage medical treatises and the education of new doctors.", "572881022ca10214002da418": "herbal remedies", "572881022ca10214002da419": "Imperial Academy", "572881022ca10214002da41a": "Yuan court", "572881704b864d1900164a50": "Four", "572881704b864d1900164a51": "Four", "572881704b864d1900164a52": "Four", "572881704b864d1900164a53": "Four", "572881704b864d1900164a54": "Four", "572881d34b864d1900164a5a": "Western medicine was also practiced in China by the Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court, where it was sometimes labeled as huihui or Muslim medicine", "572881d34b864d1900164a5b": "Jesus the Interpreter", "572881d34b864d1900164a5c": "Jesus the Interpreter", "572881d34b864d1900164a5d": "Jesus the Interpreter", "572881d34b864d1900164a5e": "Western medicine was also practiced in China by the Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court", "572882242ca10214002da420": "earthenware movable type, a technology invented in the 12th century.", "572882242ca10214002da421": "Wang Zhen", "572882242ca10214002da422": "12th century", "572882242ca10214002da423": "The publication of a Taoist text inscribed with the name of T\u00f6regene Khatun", "572882242ca10214002da424": "1273", "5728827b2ca10214002da42a": "chao", "5728827b2ca10214002da42b": "the bark of mulberry trees", "5728827b2ca10214002da42c": "1275", "5728827b2ca10214002da42d": "1275", "5728827b2ca10214002da42e": "chao", "572883153acd2414000dfa6f": "the system of government created by Kublai Khan was the product of a compromise between Mongolian patrimonial feudalism", "572883153acd2414000dfa70": "Mongolian patrimonial feudalism", "572883153acd2414000dfa71": "Mongols", "572883153acd2414000dfa72": "Kublai Khan", "572883153acd2414000dfa73": "the system of government created by Kublai Khan", "572883a33acd2414000dfa79": "Han Chinese and Khitans", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7a": "Han Chinese and Khitans", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7b": "Mongols", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7c": "Mongols where they worked as artisans and farmers", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7d": "Mongols", "57288428ff5b5019007da28e": "Lan Yu", "57288428ff5b5019007da28f": "Muslims, some policies of the Yuan Emperors severely discriminated against them, restricting Halal slaughter and other Islamic practices like circumcision", "57288428ff5b5019007da290": "Zhu Yuanzhang had Muslim generals like Lan Yu", "57288428ff5b5019007da291": "thanks", "57288428ff5b5019007da292": "Lan Yu", "5728848cff5b5019007da298": "four-class", "5728848cff5b5019007da299": "four", "5728848cff5b5019007da29a": "rich", "5728848cff5b5019007da29b": "rich and well socially standing Chinese while there were less rich Mongol and Semu", "572885023acd2414000dfa83": "Northern", "572885023acd2414000dfa84": "Northern", "572885023acd2414000dfa85": "Northern", "572885023acd2414000dfa86": "classes", "572885023acd2414000dfa87": "Major commerce", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8d": "Kublai Khan", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8e": "last", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8f": "last", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa90": "last", "572885c44b864d1900164a78": "Central", "572885c44b864d1900164a79": "the Central Secretariat", "572885c44b864d1900164a7a": "Zhongshu Sheng) at Khanbaliq (modern Beijing", "572885c44b864d1900164a7b": "Beijing", "572885c44b864d1900164a7c": "Zhongshu Sheng) at Khanbaliq (modern Beijing", "5728dab94b864d1900164f96": "Nairobi", "5728dab94b864d1900164f97": "Nairobi", "5728dab94b864d1900164f98": "Nairobi", "5728dab94b864d1900164f99": "Nairobi", "5728dab94b864d1900164f9a": "approximately 45 million", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dc": "Lake Victoria", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dd": "Lake Victoria", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9de": "Victoria", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9df": "Victoria", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9e0": "Victoria", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac2": "Kenya", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac3": "the first millennium AD", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac4": "Nilotic", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac5": "Kenya", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac6": "1963", "5728f5376aef0514001548c4": "Mount Kenya", "5728f5376aef0514001548c5": "God", "5728f5376aef0514001548c6": "God's resting place", "5728f9342ca10214002dab52": "Kenia and Kegnia believed by most to be a corruption of the Kamba", "5728f9342ca10214002dab53": "Ludwig", "5728f9342ca10214002dab54": "Joseph Thompsons", "5728f9342ca10214002dab55": "1882", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165166": "Five", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165167": "the lion, leopard, buffalo, rhinoceros, and elephant", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165168": "The \"Big Five\" game animals of Africa, that is the lion, leopard, buffalo, rhinoceros, and elephant", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165169": "June and September", "5728f9cf4b864d190016516a": "Two million", "5728fa576aef051400154920": "Homo habilis (1.8 and 2.5 million years ago) and Homo erectus", "5728fa576aef051400154921": "Homo habilis", "5728fa576aef051400154922": "1984", "5728fa576aef051400154923": "1.6-million-year-old fossil belonging to Homo erectus", "5728fa576aef051400154924": "Glynn Isaac", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3b": "Swahili built Mombasa", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3c": "The Swahili built Mombasa", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3d": "Duarte Barbosa claimed that \"Mombasa is a place of great traffic", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef5": "Kenyan Coast", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef6": "14th century and once rivalled Mombasa", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef7": "the City of Malindi", "5729024f1d04691400778f5f": "August 1914", "5729024f1d04691400778f60": "British East Africa (as the Protectorate was generally known) and German East Africa", "5729024f1d04691400778f61": "Lt Col Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck", "5729024f1d04691400778f62": "Lt Col Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck took command of the German military forces, determined to tie down as many British resources as possible.", "5729024f1d04691400778f63": "Northern Rhodesia", "572903d96aef0514001549a4": "central highlands", "572903d96aef0514001549a5": "central highlands", "572903d96aef0514001549a6": "coffee", "572903d96aef0514001549a7": "80,000", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4d": "Nairobi", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4e": "Nairobi", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4f": "24 April 1954", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f50": "4,686", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f51": "Operation Anvil", "572906e23f37b31900477f8d": "1957", "572906e23f37b31900477f8e": "the Kenya African National Union (KANU) of Jomo Kenyatta", "572906e23f37b31900477f8f": "the Kenya African National Union (KANU) of Jomo Kenyatta", "572906e23f37b31900477f90": "1957", "572906e23f37b31900477f91": "\"Republic of Kenya\"", "572909406aef0514001549dc": "1988", "572909406aef0514001549dd": "1988", "572909406aef0514001549de": "Daniel arap Moi", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc5": "The President is both the head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system.", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc6": "The President is both the head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system.", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc7": "the government", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc8": "the government", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc9": "The President is both the head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system.", "57290b21af94a219006a9fcf": "Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd0": "Kenya ranks low on Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd1": "139th", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd2": "Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index", "57290d811d04691400778fcf": "Orange Democratic Movement", "57290d811d04691400778fd0": "Orange Democratic Movement", "57290d811d04691400778fd1": "Orange Democratic Movement", "57290d811d04691400778fd2": "Orange Democratic Movement", "57290e153f37b31900477fd9": "election riots", "57290e153f37b31900477fda": "the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission", "57290e153f37b31900477fdb": "Evangelical Lutheran Church", "57290e153f37b31900477fdc": "Kenya National Dialogue and Reconciliation process was started.", "57290ee2af94a219006a9fff": "28 February 2008", "57290ee2af94a219006aa000": "2008", "57290ee2af94a219006aa001": "the president would appoint cabinet ministers from both PNU and ODM camps", "57290ee2af94a219006aa002": "the president would appoint cabinet ministers", "57290ee2af94a219006aa003": "On 28 February 2008", "57290f963f37b31900477feb": "the PM", "57290f963f37b31900477fec": "The world watched Annan and his UN-backed panel and African Union chairman Jakaya Kikwete", "57290f963f37b31900477fed": "the PM", "57290f963f37b31900477fee": "29 February 2008", "57290f963f37b31900477fef": "the PM will have power and authority to co-ordinate and supervise the", "572913626aef051400154a30": "Prime Minister", "572913626aef051400154a31": "2010", "572913626aef051400154a32": "the President", "572913626aef051400154a33": "27 August 2010", "572913626aef051400154a34": "Second Republic", "572914441d04691400779025": "December 2014", "572914441d04691400779026": "December 2014, President Uhuru Kenyatta", "572914441d04691400779027": "December 2014, President Uhuru Kenyatta", "572914441d04691400779028": "December 2014, President Uhuru Kenyatta", "572914441d04691400779029": "December 2014, President Uhuru Kenyatta", "572914f46aef051400154a46": "In July 2015 Obama visited Kenya", "572914f46aef051400154a47": "Kenya", "572914f46aef051400154a48": "Xi Jinping", "572914f46aef051400154a49": "In July 2015 Obama visited Kenya", "572915621d0469140077902f": "peacekeeping missions around the world", "572915621d04691400779030": "December 2007 and the violence that subsequently engulfed the country, a commission of inquiry, the Waki Commission", "572915621d04691400779031": "December 2007 and the violence that subsequently engulfed the country, a commission of inquiry, the Waki Commission", "572915e43f37b31900478005": "Armoured Personnel Carriers", "572915e43f37b31900478006": "less in public view, and thus less subject to public scrutiny and notoriety", "572915e43f37b31900478007": "2010, credible claims of corruption were made with regard to recruitment and procurement of Armoured Personnel Carriers", "572915e43f37b31900478008": "the wisdom and prudence of certain decisions of procurement have been publicly questioned.", "572916f16aef051400154a56": "Human Development Index", "572916f16aef051400154a57": "Kenya", "572916f16aef051400154a58": "2005, 17.7% of Kenyans lived on less than $1.25", "572916f16aef051400154a59": "frontier market", "572917743f37b3190047800d": "service sector", "572917743f37b3190047800f": "75%", "572917743f37b31900478010": "16% of GDP. The service, industry and manufacturing sectors only employ 25%", "572917743f37b3190047800e": "75%", "572917ff6aef051400154a5e": "61%", "572917ff6aef051400154a5f": "tourism", "572917ff6aef051400154a60": "tourism", "572917ff6aef051400154a62": "Germany", "572917ff6aef051400154a61": "Germany and the United Kingdom", "572918bd3f37b31900478016": "24%", "572918bd3f37b31900478017": "tea, horticultural produce, and coffee", "572918bd3f37b31900478015": "24%", "572918bd3f37b31900478018": "weather", "57291a7b1d0469140077903f": "maize", "57291a7b1d04691400779040": "drought resistant", "57291a7b1d04691400779041": "A consortium led by the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics", "57291a7b1d04691400779042": "linking producers to wholesalers, helped to increase local producer prices by 20\u201325%", "57291a7b1d04691400779043": "20\u201325%", "57291b461d04691400779049": "highlands", "57291b461d0469140077904a": "wheat", "57291b461d0469140077904b": "semi-arid savanna to the north and east", "57291b461d0469140077904c": "53%", "57291b461d0469140077904d": "Kenyans for Kenya", "57291beb1d04691400779053": "Kenya", "57291beb1d04691400779054": "14%", "57291beb1d04691400779055": "Nairobi", "57291beb1d04691400779056": "small-scale manufacturing of household goods, motor-vehicle parts, and farm implements", "57291d9e3f37b31900478035": "Kenya", "57291d9e3f37b31900478036": "2000", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09b": "Uganda", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09c": "Kenya", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09d": "state-owned Kenya Electricity Generating Company (KenGen), established in 1997", "57291f153f37b31900478043": "Turkana", "57291f153f37b31900478044": "around 10 billion", "57291f153f37b31900478045": "Exploration", "57291f153f37b31900478046": "20% to 25%", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b1": "$474 million", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b2": "$474 million", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b3": "60", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b4": "Base Titanium", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b5": "$474 million", "57292046af94a219006aa0bb": "2007", "57292046af94a219006aa0bc": "2007", "57292046af94a219006aa0bd": "Vision 2030", "57292046af94a219006aa0be": "2007", "57292046af94a219006aa0bf": "Vision 2030", "572920d73f37b31900478055": "agriculture", "572920d73f37b31900478056": "2006, UNICEF estimated that up to 30% of girls in the coastal areas of Malindi, Mombasa", "572920d73f37b31900478057": "9\u201318", "572920d73f37b31900478058": "poverty", "572921646aef051400154a78": "British English", "572921646aef051400154a79": "English and Swahili", "572921646aef051400154a7a": "commerce", "572921646aef051400154a7b": "British English", "572922206aef051400154a8a": "Christian (83%), with 47.7%", "572922206aef051400154a8b": "Orthodox Christians", "572922206aef051400154a8c": "3 million", "572922206aef051400154a8d": "Nairobi", "57292449af94a219006aa0dd": "Sixty percent of the Muslim population lives in Kenya's Coastal Region", "57292449af94a219006aa0de": "Sixty percent", "57292449af94a219006aa0df": "Indian origin", "57292449af94a219006aa0e0": "Kenya (around 300,000", "572924b53f37b31900478067": "80%", "572924b53f37b31900478068": "80%", "572924b53f37b31900478069": "65,000", "572924b53f37b3190047806a": "65,000", "572925491d046914007790c3": "Diseases of poverty", "572925491d046914007790c4": "Half", "572925491d046914007790c5": "Preventable diseases like malaria, HIV/AIDS, pneumonia, diarrhoea and malnutrition", "572925491d046914007790c6": "poor leadership in the public health sector", "572925491d046914007790c7": "15 million", "572925a81d046914007790cd": "British colonists", "572925a81d046914007790ce": "British", "572925a81d046914007790cf": "an authority named the Ominde Commission", "572925a81d046914007790d0": "identity and unity", "572925a81d046914007790d1": "1964 and 1985", "572926086aef051400154ac2": "1981", "572926086aef051400154ac3": "1981", "572926086aef051400154ac4": "1981", "572926086aef051400154ac5": "1992", "572926653f37b31900478079": "1985", "572926653f37b3190047807a": "8\u20134\u20134", "572926653f37b3190047807b": "8\u20134\u20134", "572926653f37b3190047807c": "2003", "572926653f37b3190047807d": "70%", "572926d23f37b31900478083": "six years", "572926d23f37b31900478084": "six", "572926d23f37b31900478085": "six", "572926d23f37b31900478086": "a polytechnic or other technical college and study for three years or proceed directly to the university and study for four years.", "5729276c1d046914007790d7": "85%", "5729276c1d046914007790d8": "five", "5729276c1d046914007790d9": "five", "5729276c1d046914007790da": "Kenya Certificate of Primary Education", "5729276c1d046914007790db": "Kenya Certificate of Primary Education", "572927d06aef051400154ade": "Kenya National Library Service", "572927d06aef051400154adf": "Kenya National Library Service", "572927d06aef051400154ae0": "Nairobi County operates four libraries within their network, which included the McMillan Memorial Library located at the central business district of Nairobi", "572927d06aef051400154ae1": "Nairobi County operates four libraries within their network, which included the McMillan Memorial Library located at the central business district of Nairobi", "5729281baf94a219006aa11f": "Kalenjin", "5729281baf94a219006aa120": "Kenya", "5729281baf94a219006aa121": "Kenyan athletes (particularly Kalenjin", "5729281baf94a219006aa122": "middle", "572928bf6aef051400154af0": "Pamela Jelimo", "572928bf6aef051400154af1": "Pamela Jelimo", "572928bf6aef051400154af2": "Samuel Wanjiru", "572928bf6aef051400154af3": "Pamela Jelimo", "572928bf6aef051400154af4": "economic or financial factors", "5729293d3f37b3190047809f": "Cricket", "5729293d3f37b319004780a0": "Cricket", "5729293d3f37b319004780a1": "Cricket", "5729293d3f37b319004780a2": "1996", "5729293d3f37b319004780a3": "March 2007", "57292994af94a219006aa131": "Safari Rally", "57292994af94a219006aa132": "Safari Rally", "57292994af94a219006aa133": "Bj\u00f6rn", "572929d56aef051400154b0a": "three", "572929d56aef051400154b0b": "10 o'clock", "572929d56aef051400154b0c": "10", "572929d56aef051400154b0d": "10", "57293b843f37b31900478133": "1988", "57293b843f37b31900478134": "1988", "57293b843f37b31900478135": "greenhouse gas concentrations", "57293b843f37b31900478136": "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a scientific intergovernmental body under the auspices of the United Nations", "57293b843f37b31900478137": "43/53", "57293bc91d0469140077919b": "Korean economist Hoesung Lee", "57293bc91d0469140077919c": "Korean economist", "57293bc91d0469140077919d": "Ismail El Gizouli", "57293bc91d0469140077919e": "Korean economist Hoesung Lee", "57293bc91d0469140077919f": "Rajendra K. Pachauri in February 2015", "57293c246aef051400154bb8": "2003 meeting included 350 government officials and climate change experts.", "57293c246aef051400154bb9": "350", "57293c246aef051400154bba": "2003", "57293c246aef051400154bbb": "climate change experts", "57293ca73f37b3190047815b": "cash contributions to the Trust Fund are made by the WMO", "57293ca73f37b3190047815c": "cash contributions to the Trust Fund are made by the WMO", "57293ca73f37b3190047815e": "Trust Fund", "57293ca73f37b3190047815f": "Trust Fund", "57293ca73f37b3190047815d": "Trust Fund", "57293d116aef051400154bc8": "research", "57293d116aef051400154bc9": "The IPCC does not carry out research nor does it monitor climate related data. Lead authors of IPCC reports assess the available information about climate change", "57293d116aef051400154bca": "quality", "57293d116aef051400154bcb": "grey literature", "57293d6d1d046914007791b7": "two", "57293d6d1d046914007791b8": "Working Group chairs. Lead authors", "57293d6d1d046914007791b9": "Lead authors", "57293d6d1d046914007791ba": "The coordinating lead authors are responsible for assembling", "57293d6d1d046914007791bb": "two", "57293e221d046914007791d5": "executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers report says they are certain that emissions", "57293e221d046914007791d6": "emissions resulting from human activities", "57293e221d046914007791d7": "CO2", "57293e221d046914007791d8": "business as usual\" (BAU", "57293e221d046914007791d9": "CO2", "57293e983f37b3190047818b": "16", "57293e983f37b3190047818c": "16", "57293e983f37b3190047818d": "Science", "57293e983f37b3190047818e": "90%", "57293e983f37b3190047818f": "between 1.4 and 5.8 \u00b0C above 1990 levels", "57293f353f37b3190047819b": "Richard Lindzen", "57293f353f37b3190047819c": "John Houghton", "57293f353f37b3190047819d": "John Houghton", "57293f353f37b3190047819e": "John", "57293f353f37b3190047819f": "scientific evidence", "57293f8a6aef051400154bde": "governments", "57293f8a6aef051400154bdf": "2011", "57293f8a6aef051400154be0": "Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation", "57293f8a6aef051400154be1": "Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation", "572940246aef051400154bec": "Data Distribution Centre", "572940246aef051400154bed": "default emission factors", "572940246aef051400154bee": "fuel consumption", "572940246aef051400154bef": "National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme, required under the UNFCCC. This involves publishing default emission factors", "572940973f37b319004781a5": "WWF report, which has misquoted its own source, an ICSI report \"Variations of Snow and Ice", "572940973f37b319004781a6": "WWF", "572940973f37b319004781a7": "WWF report", "572940973f37b319004781a8": "2035", "572941273f37b319004781ad": "Martin Parry", "572941273f37b319004781ae": "un", "572941273f37b319004781af": "Robert Watson", "572941273f37b319004781b0": "Robert Watson", "572941273f37b319004781b1": "un", "57294209af94a219006aa201": "hockey stick", "57294209af94a219006aa202": "hockey stick", "57294209af94a219006aa203": "hockey stick", "57294209af94a219006aa204": "hockey stick graph", "57294279af94a219006aa209": "1000 and 1900, and the MBH99 based graph", "57294279af94a219006aa20a": "Fred Singer", "57294279af94a219006aa20b": "Science and Environmental Policy Project", "57294279af94a219006aa20c": "United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation", "57294279af94a219006aa20d": "Science and Environmental Policy Project", "572943ab1d04691400779219": "Sherwood Boehlert", "572943ab1d0469140077921a": "Ed Whitfield", "572943ab1d0469140077921b": "Sherwood Boehlert", "572943ab1d0469140077921c": "Sherwood Boehlert", "572943ab1d0469140077921d": "Sherwood Boehlert", "572944e03f37b319004781e2": "2007", "572944e03f37b319004781e1": "2007", "572944e03f37b319004781e4": "Crowley & Lowery 2000", "572944e03f37b319004781e5": "divergence", "572944e03f37b319004781e3": "Crowley & Lowery 2000", "572945b11d0469140077922f": "temperature and sea level change", "572945b11d04691400779230": "temperature and sea level change", "572945b11d04691400779231": "change", "572945b11d04691400779232": "temperature and sea level change", "572949306aef051400154c68": "rises in sea levels", "572949306aef051400154c69": "2001", "572949306aef051400154c6a": "projected rises in sea levels", "572949306aef051400154c6b": "2001", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26b": "Fifth Assessment Report conceded in Science Magazine's State of the Planet 2008-2009", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26c": "Michael Oppenheimer", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26d": "large scale", "57294e6b1d04691400779275": "Montreal Protocol", "57294e6b1d04691400779276": "Montreal Protocol has been successful, in case of Climate Change", "57294e6b1d04691400779277": "states and governments", "5729506d6aef051400154cac": "Sheldon Ungar's comparison with global warming", "5729506d6aef051400154cad": "IPCC conclusions and the failure of the Kyoto Protocol, varying regional cost-benefit analysis and burden-sharing conflicts with regard to the distribution of emission reductions", "5729506d6aef051400154cae": "stepwise mitigation of the ozone layer challenge", "5729506d6aef051400154caf": "UK government made a stronger argument in favor to combat human-made climate change", "5729517d6aef051400154cc8": "a deadline for submissions prior to the report's final release.", "5729517d6aef051400154cc9": "submissions", "5729517d6aef051400154cca": "a body", "572951f16aef051400154cce": "five climate scientists \u2013 all contributing or lead IPCC report authors \u2013 wrote in the journal Nature", "572951f16aef051400154ccf": "five climate scientists \u2013 all contributing or lead IPCC report authors \u2013 wrote in the journal Nature", "572951f16aef051400154cd0": "five climate scientists \u2013 all contributing or lead IPCC report authors \u2013 wrote in the journal Nature", "572951f16aef051400154cd1": "the panel employ a full-time staff and remove government oversight", "572953013f37b3190047824d": "photosynthesis", "572953013f37b3190047824e": "energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH", "572953013f37b3190047824f": "ATP", "572953013f37b31900478250": "Calvin cycle", "572953013f37b31900478251": "1", "5729544c3f37b31900478257": "dynamic", "5729544c3f37b31900478258": "light color and intensity", "5729544c3f37b31900478259": "dynamic", "5729544c3f37b3190047825a": "highly dynamic", "5729544c3f37b3190047825b": "highly dynamic", "572956c86aef051400154d1a": "plants and algae", "572956c86aef051400154d1b": "Russian", "572956c86aef051400154d1c": "Russian", "572956c86aef051400154d1d": "Russian", "572956c86aef051400154d1e": "plants and algae", "572957361d046914007792cf": "Cyanobacteria", "572957361d046914007792d0": "gram-negative", "572957361d046914007792d2": "two cell membranes", "572957361d046914007792d3": "gram-negative", "572957361d046914007792d1": "blue-green algae", "572957ad1d046914007792d9": "Somewhere around a billion years ago", "572957ad1d046914007792da": "ago", "572957ad1d046914007792db": "innermost lipid-bilayer membranes", "572957ad1d046914007792dc": "a billion years ago", "572957ad1d046914007792dd": "ago", "5729582b1d046914007792e3": "almost", "5729582b1d046914007792e4": "green chloroplast lineage is the one that contains the land plants", "5729582b1d046914007792e5": "primary plastids", "5729582b1d046914007792e6": "primary plastids", "5729582b1d046914007792e7": "primary plastids", "572958cc6aef051400154d2a": "smallest", "572958cc6aef051400154d2b": "alga Cyanophora, a glaucophyte", "572958cc6aef051400154d2c": "Cyanophora", "572958cc6aef051400154d2d": "a carboxysome", "572958cc6aef051400154d2e": "Glaucophyte chloroplasts also contain concentric unstacked thylakoids", "57295a116aef051400154d44": "a double membrane", "57295a116aef051400154d45": "a double membrane", "57295a116aef051400154d46": "pyrenoids", "57295a116aef051400154d47": "pyrenoids", "57295a116aef051400154d48": "pyrenoids", "57295b5b1d04691400779315": "The chloroplastidan chloroplasts, or green chloroplasts", "57295b5b1d04691400779316": "accessory pigments", "57295b5b1d04691400779317": "green chloroplasts", "57295b5b1d04691400779318": "division", "57295b5b1d04691400779319": "b", "572961f61d04691400779359": "double membrane from their cyanobacterial ancestor", "572961f61d0469140077935a": "a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote", "572961f61d0469140077935b": "a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote", "572961f61d0469140077935c": "four", "572961f61d0469140077935d": "a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote", "572962953f37b319004782f5": "three", "572962953f37b319004782f6": "chloroplasts derived from a green alga", "572962953f37b319004782f7": "three", "572962953f37b319004782f8": "Starch", "572962953f37b319004782f9": "three", "572963221d04691400779385": "four", "572963221d04691400779386": "four", "572963221d04691400779387": "nucleomorph", "572963221d04691400779388": "four", "572963221d04691400779389": "stacks of two", "572963876aef051400154dd2": "They were once thought to be related to the helicosproidia", "572963876aef051400154dd3": "Plasmodium, the malaria parasite.", "572963876aef051400154dd4": "malaria parasite", "572963876aef051400154dd5": "Apicomplexans", "572963876aef051400154dd6": "amylopectin starch granules", "5729645b3f37b31900478321": "four", "5729645b3f37b31900478322": "four", "5729645b3f37b31900478323": "four", "5729645b3f37b31900478324": "four", "5729645b3f37b31900478325": "four", "572965566aef051400154e00": "the peridinin-type chloroplast", "572965566aef051400154e01": "peridinin in their chloroplasts, along with chlorophyll a and chlorophyll c2", "572965566aef051400154e02": "the peridinin-type chloroplast", "572965566aef051400154e03": "the peridinin-type chloroplast", "572965e73f37b3190047832b": "The fucoxanthin dinophyte lineages (including Karlodinium and Karenia", "572965e73f37b3190047832c": "The fucoxanthin dinophyte lineages", "572965e73f37b3190047832d": "four", "572965e73f37b3190047832e": "four", "572966626aef051400154e13": "phycobilin-containing chloroplast taken from a cryptophyte", "572966626aef051400154e14": "phycobilin-containing chloroplast taken from a cryptophyte", "572966626aef051400154e12": "phycobilin", "572966626aef051400154e15": "phycobilin", "572966ebaf94a219006aa391": "five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa392": "five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa393": "five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa394": "five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa395": "five", "572967e31d046914007793b1": "the dinophyte nucleus", "572967e31d046914007793b2": "Lepidodinium is the only dinophyte that has a chloroplast that's not from the rhodoplast lineage", "572967e31d046914007793b3": "green alga", "572967e31d046914007793b4": "green alga", "572967e31d046914007793b5": "green algal derived chloroplast", "5729686d1d046914007793c1": "Paulinella chromatophora can offer some insights into how chloroplasts evolved.", "5729686d1d046914007793c2": "About 0.3\u20130.8%", "5729686d1d046914007793c3": "about a million", "5729686d1d046914007793c4": "about a million", "5729686d1d046914007793c5": "about a million", "572968cf1d046914007793cb": "ctDNA, or cpDNA. It is also known as the plastome", "572968cf1d046914007793cc": "plastome", "572968cf1d046914007793cd": "the plastome", "572968cf1d046914007793ce": "1986", "572968cf1d046914007793cf": "1986", "57296977af94a219006aa3bd": "The inverted repeat regions are highly conserved among land plants", "57296977af94a219006aa3be": "The inverted repeat regions are highly conserved among land plants", "57296977af94a219006aa3bf": "The inverted repeat regions are highly conserved among land plants", "572969f51d046914007793dd": "double displacement loop", "572969f51d046914007793de": "two main models have been proposed.", "572969f51d046914007793e0": "double displacement loop (D-loop). As the D-loop moves through the circular DNA, it adopts a theta intermediary form", "572969f51d046914007793df": "double displacement loop (D-loop)", "572969f51d046914007793e1": "double displacement loop (D-loop)", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c3": "A \u2192 G deamination. Therefore, gradients in deamination", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c4": "single stranded", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c5": "linear and replicates through homologous recombination", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c6": "linear and replicates through homologous recombination", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c7": "linear and replicates through homologous recombination", "57296ab93f37b31900478369": "linear", "57296ab93f37b3190047836a": "maize", "57296ab93f37b3190047836b": "linear", "57296ab93f37b3190047836c": "maize", "57296b151d046914007793f1": "Endosymbiotic gene transfer is how we know about the lost chloroplasts in many chromalveolate lineage", "57296b151d046914007793f2": "the genes it donated to the former host's nucleus", "57296b151d046914007793f3": "green algal derived chloroplast at some point, which was subsequently replaced by the red chloroplast", "57296b151d046914007793f4": "green algal derived chloroplast at some point, which was subsequently replaced by the red chloroplast", "57296bf96aef051400154e52": "tRNA", "57296bf96aef051400154e53": "the secretory pathway", "57296bf96aef051400154e54": "Many became exaptations, taking on new functions like participating in cell division", "57296bf96aef051400154e55": "cell membrane, just like if you were headed for the extracellular space", "57296c5c3f37b3190047837f": "a ribosome in the cytosol", "57296c5c3f37b31900478380": "a ribosome in the cytosol", "57296c5c3f37b31900478381": "a chloroplast polypeptide is synthesized on a ribosome in the cytosol", "57296c5c3f37b31900478382": "a chloroplast polypeptide is synthesized on a ribosome in the cytosol", "57296cb21d04691400779403": "lens-shaped", "57296cb21d04691400779404": "shaped, 5\u20138 \u03bcm", "57296cb21d04691400779405": "shaped", "57296cb21d04691400779406": "net", "57296cb21d04691400779407": "shaped", "57296d1b1d0469140077940d": "double membrane is often cited as evidence that they are the descendants of endosymbiotic cyanobacteria", "57296d1b1d0469140077940e": "double membrane", "57296d1b1d0469140077940f": "homologous to the cyanobacterium's original double membranes", "57296d8d1d0469140077941d": "mitochondrial double membrane", "57296d8d1d0469140077941e": "mitochondrial double membrane", "57296d8d1d0469140077941f": "ATP energy. The only chloroplast structure that can considered analogous to it is the internal thylakoid system", "57296d8d1d04691400779420": "thylakoid system", "57296d8d1d04691400779421": "double membrane", "57296de03f37b3190047839b": "Stromules", "57296de03f37b3190047839c": "a stromule, or stroma-containing tubule. Stromules", "57296de03f37b3190047839d": "They", "57296de03f37b3190047839e": "a stromule, or stroma", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e5": "C4 plants", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e6": "C4 plants", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e7": "The chloroplast peripheral reticulum", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e8": "C4 plants", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e9": "small", "57296eb01d04691400779435": "about two-thirds", "57296eb01d04691400779436": "about two-thirds", "57296eb01d04691400779437": "about two-thirds", "57296eb01d04691400779438": "about two-thirds", "57296eb01d04691400779439": "about two-thirds", "57296eee6aef051400154e8e": "45\u201360 nanometers across. They are surrounded by a lipid monolayer", "57296eee6aef051400154e8f": "spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins about 45\u201360 nanometers across. They are surrounded by a lipid monolayer", "57296eee6aef051400154e90": "45\u201360 nanometers across. They are surrounded by a lipid monolayer", "57296eee6aef051400154e91": "45\u201360 nanometers across. They are surrounded by a lipid monolayer", "57296eee6aef051400154e92": "a lipid monolayer", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fb": "the stroma", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fc": "the thylakoid network", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fd": "the stroma", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fe": "chains", "57296f85af94a219006aa403": "the enzyme rubisco", "57296f85af94a219006aa404": "roughly spherical and highly refractive bodies which are a site of starch accumulation", "57296f85af94a219006aa405": "roughly spherical and highly refractive bodies which are a site of starch accumulation", "57296f85af94a219006aa406": "roughly spherical and highly refractive bodies which are a site of starch accumulation", "57296f85af94a219006aa407": "the enzyme rubisco", "57296fd71d0469140077943f": "l", "57296fd71d04691400779440": "helicoid stromal thylakoids", "57296fd71d04691400779441": "pancakes. Each granum can contain anywhere from two to a hundred", "57296fd71d04691400779442": "pancakes", "57296fd71d04691400779443": "lamellar thylakoids", "5729703d3f37b319004783bb": "light energy", "5729703d3f37b319004783bc": "light energy", "5729703d3f37b319004783bd": "carotenoids", "5729703d3f37b319004783be": "hydrogen ions", "5729703d3f37b319004783bf": "large protein complex", "572970916aef051400154eba": "granal thylakoids, which are arranged in grana", "572970916aef051400154ebb": "stromal thylakoids, which are in contact with the stroma", "572970916aef051400154ebc": "contact with the stroma", "572970916aef051400154ebe": "stromal thylakoids, which are in contact with the stroma", "572970916aef051400154ebd": "stromal thylakoids, which are in contact with the stroma", "57297103af94a219006aa423": "about thirty", "57297103af94a219006aa424": "thirty", "57297103af94a219006aa425": "thirty", "57297103af94a219006aa426": "They help transfer and dissipate excess energy", "57297103af94a219006aa427": "\u03b2-carotene is a bright red-orange carotenoid", "5729714daf94a219006aa42d": "colors", "5729714daf94a219006aa42e": "all colors", "5729714daf94a219006aa42f": "colors", "5729714daf94a219006aa430": "40 nanometers across called phycobilisomes", "5729714daf94a219006aa431": "space", "572971af6aef051400154ede": "an enzyme called rubisco", "572971af6aef051400154edf": "O2 is produced by the initial light reactions of photosynthesis, causing issues down the line in the Calvin cycle", "572971af6aef051400154ee0": "O2 is produced by the initial light reactions of photosynthesis, causing issues down the line in the Calvin cycle", "572971af6aef051400154ee1": "Calvin cycle", "572971af6aef051400154ee2": "CO2", "5729723c6aef051400154ee8": "C4 mesophyll cells and bundle sheath cells are specialized for each stage of photosynthesis", "5729723c6aef051400154ee9": "C4 mesophyll cells and bundle sheath cells are specialized for each stage of photosynthesis", "5729723c6aef051400154eea": "light reactions, so they lack rubisco, and have normal grana and thylakoids", "5729723c6aef051400154eeb": "CO2", "5729723c6aef051400154eec": "light", "5729729a1d0469140077948b": "the chlorophyll in them are what make the photosynthetic parts of a plant green", "5729729a1d0469140077948c": "photos", "5729729a1d0469140077948d": "the chlorophyll", "5729729a1d0469140077948e": "parenchyma cells, though chloroplasts can also be found in collenchyma tissue", "5729729a1d0469140077948f": "plant cell which contains chloroplasts is known as a chlorenchyma cell", "572972f46aef051400154ef2": "the stems", "572972f46aef051400154ef3": "cacti, chloroplasts are found in the stems", "572972f46aef051400154ef6": "the stems", "572972f46aef051400154ef4": "the stems", "572972f46aef051400154ef5": "cacti, chloroplasts are found in the stems", "5729735c3f37b319004783fb": "low-light conditions, they will spread out in a sheet", "5729735c3f37b319004783fc": "shelter by aligning in vertical columns along the plant cell's cell wall", "5729735c3f37b319004783fd": "edge-on", "5729735c3f37b319004783fe": "many", "5729735c3f37b319004783ff": "Mitochondria", "572973ccaf94a219006aa449": "hypersensitive response", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44a": "Plants have two main immune responses\u2014the hypersensitive response", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44b": "hypersensitive response", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44c": "Lower levels of reactive oxygen species initiate systemic acquired resistance, triggering defense-molecule production", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44d": "reactive oxygen species", "57297427af94a219006aa453": "Chloroplasts", "57297427af94a219006aa454": "reactive oxygen species", "57297427af94a219006aa455": "nucleus", "57297427af94a219006aa456": "the chloroplast", "572974923f37b3190047840b": "light reactions, where water is split to produce oxygen, and the dark reactions, or Calvin cycle", "572974923f37b3190047840c": "sugars", "572974923f37b3190047840d": "sugars", "572974923f37b3190047840e": "light reactions, where water is split to produce oxygen, and the dark reactions, or Calvin cycle", "572974923f37b3190047840f": "light reactions, where water is split to produce oxygen, and the dark reactions, or Calvin cycle", "572975073f37b31900478415": "mitochondria", "572975073f37b31900478416": "mitochondria", "572975073f37b31900478417": "more hydrogen ions (up to a thousand times as many) inside the thylakoid system than in the stroma", "572975073f37b31900478418": "mitochondria, chloroplasts use the potential energy stored in an H+, or hydrogen ion gradient to generate ATP energy", "572975073f37b31900478419": "mitochondria", "572975511d046914007794a7": "NADP+", "572975511d046914007794a8": "cyclic photophosphorylation", "572975511d046914007794a9": "C4 plants", "572975511d046914007794aa": "more ATP than NADPH", "572975a3af94a219006aa465": "five", "572975a3af94a219006aa466": "dark reactions", "572975a3af94a219006aa467": "3-phosphoglyceric acid, or 3-PGA", "572975a3af94a219006aa468": "one out of every six produced leaves the cycle\u2014the end product of the dark reactions", "572976183f37b31900478431": "low photosynthesis rates", "572976183f37b31900478432": "low photosynthesis rates", "572976183f37b31900478433": "high atmospheric CO2 concentrations", "572976183f37b31900478434": "Water", "572976183f37b31900478435": "low photosynthesis rates", "572976791d046914007794af": "O2 instead of CO2 to RuBP. This process reduces the efficiency of photosynthesis\u2014it consumes ATP and oxygen, releases CO2", "572976791d046914007794b0": "the oxygen concentration", "572976791d046914007794b1": "ATP and oxygen", "572976791d046914007794b2": "half the carbon fixed by the Calvin cycle", "572976791d046914007794b3": "C4 plants are notable as they exhibit a distinct chloroplast dimorphism", "572976cfaf94a219006aa493": "almost all of a plant cell's amino acids in their stroma", "572976cfaf94a219006aa494": "cysteine and methionine", "572976cfaf94a219006aa495": "sulfur-containing ones like cysteine and methionine", "572976cfaf94a219006aa496": "The chloroplast", "57297725af94a219006aa49b": "Chloroplasts", "57297725af94a219006aa49c": "undifferentiated proplastids", "57297725af94a219006aa49d": "apical meristems", "57297725af94a219006aa49e": "Chloroplasts", "5729779b6aef051400154f62": "exposed", "5729779b6aef051400154f63": "a plastid that lacks chlorophyll", "5729779b6aef051400154f64": "a prolamellar body", "5729779b6aef051400154f65": "An etioplast is a plastid that lacks chlorophyll", "5729779b6aef051400154f66": "Gymnosperms do not require light", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ad": "Starch storing amyloplasts can also be converted to chromoplasts, and it is possible for proplastids", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ae": "Starch", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4af": "Starch", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b0": "Starch", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b1": "something else causes a plant cell to revert to a meristematic state", "5729784b1d046914007794c9": "filaments", "5729784b1d046914007794ca": "The protein MinD", "5729784b1d046914007794cb": "The protein MinD", "5729784b1d046914007794cc": "form", "5729784b1d046914007794cd": "form", "5729789b6aef051400154f6c": "The inner plastid-dividing ring is located in the inner side of the chloroplast's inner membrane", "5729789b6aef051400154f6d": "The outer plastid-dividing ring is found wrapped around the outer chloroplast membrane", "5729789b6aef051400154f6e": "5 nanometers across", "5729789b6aef051400154f6f": "5 nanometers across", "5729789b6aef051400154f70": "The inner plastid-dividing ring is located in the inner side of the chloroplast's inner membrane", "572978e66aef051400154f76": "Light", "572978e66aef051400154f78": "Exposure to white light can stimulate these chloroplasts to divide and reduce the population", "572978e66aef051400154f79": "exposure to bright white light", "572978e66aef051400154f77": "Exposure to white light can stimulate these chloroplasts to divide and reduce the population", "57297991af94a219006aa4b7": "developers of genetically modified crops. Since, in most flowering plants, chloroplasts are not inherited from the male parent", "57297991af94a219006aa4b8": "pollen", "57297991af94a219006aa4b9": "3 in 1,000,000", "57297991af94a219006aa4ba": "pollen", "57296d571d04691400779413": "5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors, whereas 6", "57296d571d04691400779414": "composite number", "57296d571d04691400779415": "The fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57296d571d04691400779416": "1", "57296d571d04691400779417": "1", "57296f293f37b319004783a3": "primality", "57296f293f37b319004783a4": "primality", "57296f293f37b319004783a5": "primality", "57296f293f37b319004783a6": "primality", "57296f293f37b319004783a7": "22,338,618", "572970c11d04691400779463": "prime number theorem", "572970c11d04691400779464": "prime number theorem", "572970c11d04691400779465": "statistical behaviour of primes in the large", "572970c11d04691400779466": "prime number theorem", "572970c11d04691400779467": "the prime number theorem", "5729727baf94a219006aa437": "even integer", "5729727baf94a219006aa438": "twin prime conjecture (that there are infinitely many", "5729727baf94a219006aa439": "prime numbers remain open, such as Goldbach's conjecture", "5729727baf94a219006aa43a": "Primes are used in several routines in information technology, such as public-key cryptography", "5729727baf94a219006aa43b": "Goldbach's conjecture", "572973f76aef051400154f0a": "2", "572973f76aef051400154f0b": "5", "572973f76aef051400154f0c": "odd", "572973f76aef051400154f0d": "1, 3, 7, or 9", "572973f76aef051400154f0e": "even numbers are multiples of 2 and numbers ending in 0 or 5 are multiples of 5", "57297547af94a219006aa45b": "1", "57297547af94a219006aa45c": "Christian Goldbach", "57297547af94a219006aa45d": "Christian Goldbach", "57297547af94a219006aa45e": "1", "57297547af94a219006aa45f": "prime", "57297781af94a219006aa4a3": "15", "57297781af94a219006aa4a4": "1 were considered a prime", "57297781af94a219006aa4a6": "15", "57297781af94a219006aa4a5": "15", "57297781af94a219006aa4a7": "1 as prime would eliminate all multiples of 1 (that is, all other numbers) and produce as output only the single number 1", "572978f91d046914007794d3": "Euclid's Elements (circa 300 BC)", "572978f91d046914007794d4": "the Ancient Greeks", "572978f91d046914007794d5": "Euclid", "572978f91d046914007794d6": "Euclid also showed how to construct a perfect number from a Mersenne prime", "572978f91d046914007794d7": "The Sieve of Eratosthenes, attributed to Eratosthenes, is a simple method to compute primes", "57297a276aef051400154f88": "1640", "57297a276aef051400154f89": "1640 Pierre de Fermat stated (without proof) Fermat's little theorem (later proved by Leibniz and Euler", "57297a276aef051400154f8a": "22n + 1 are prime", "57297a276aef051400154f8c": "2p \u2212 1", "57297a276aef051400154f8b": "conjectured that all numbers of the form 22n + 1 are prime", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c7": "trial division", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c8": "division", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c9": "trial division", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4cb": "trial division", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4ca": "n is called trial division", "57297d421d046914007794e5": "trial division", "57297d421d046914007794e6": "trial division", "57297d421d046914007794e7": "trial division", "57297d421d046914007794e8": "prime", "57297d421d046914007794e9": "trial division", "57297ed93f37b3190047845f": "b", "57297ed93f37b31900478460": "b", "57297ed93f37b31900478461": "b", "57297ed93f37b31900478462": "b", "57297ed93f37b31900478463": "the Fermat primality test", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d1": "factorial primes", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d2": "factorial primes", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d3": "Lucas\u2013Lehmer test", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d4": "p", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d5": "factorial primes. Other primes where either p + 1 or p \u2212 1", "572982e66aef051400154f92": "distributed computing", "572982e66aef051400154f93": "2009", "572982e66aef051400154f94": "US$100,000", "572982e66aef051400154f95": "Electronic Frontier Foundation", "572982e76aef051400154f96": "searching", "572985011d04691400779501": "floor function", "572985011d04691400779502": "Chebyshev", "572985011d04691400779503": "Chebyshev", "572985011d04691400779504": "Chebyshev", "572985011d04691400779505": "Wilson", "572987e46aef051400154fa2": "one. If this necessary condition is satisfied, Dirichlet", "572987e46aef051400154fa3": "Dirichlet", "572987e46aef051400154fa4": "1/6", "572987e46aef051400154fa5": "q = 9", "572987e46aef051400154fa6": "q = 9", "572989846aef051400154fc0": "zeta function", "572989846aef051400154fc1": "\u03b6(1", "572989846aef051400154fc2": "ges", "572989846aef051400154fc3": "1 + 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 + ... diverges (i.e., exceeds any given number", "572989846aef051400154fc4": "identity", "57298ef11d0469140077952d": "1859", "57298ef11d0469140077952e": "unproven Riemann hypothesis, dating from 1859", "57298ef11d0469140077952f": "random noise", "57298ef11d04691400779530": "1859", "57298ef11d04691400779531": "prime number theorem) also holds for much shorter intervals of length", "57299021af94a219006aa50c": "Goldbach's conjecture", "57299021af94a219006aa50b": "Goldbach's conjecture", "57299021af94a219006aa50d": "s conjecture", "57299021af94a219006aa50e": "Goldbach's conjecture", "57299021af94a219006aa50f": "Goldbach's conjecture", "572991943f37b319004784a1": "Polignac", "572991943f37b319004784a2": "there are infinitely many twin primes, pairs of primes with difference 2 (twin prime conjecture). Polignac", "572991943f37b319004784a3": "Polignac", "572991943f37b319004784a4": "n2 + 1", "572991943f37b319004784a5": "n2 and (n + 1)2 for every positive integer n. It is implied by the stronger Cram\u00e9r's conjecture", "57299326af94a219006aa515": "number", "57299326af94a219006aa516": "G. H. Hardy", "57299326af94a219006aa517": "1970s", "57299326af94a219006aa518": "hash tables", "57299326af94a219006aa519": "hash tables and pseudorandom", "572995d46aef051400154fe8": "p", "572995d46aef051400154fe9": "p is a prime number other than 2 and 5, 1/p is always a recurring decimal, whose period is p \u2212 1", "572995d46aef051400154fea": "n", "572995d46aef051400154feb": "p", "572995d46aef051400154fec": "prime", "572996c73f37b319004784b3": "RSA", "572996c73f37b319004784b4": "the fact that there are efficient algorithms for modular exponentiation", "572996c73f37b319004784b5": "512", "572996c73f37b319004784b6": "there are efficient algorithms for modular exponentiation", "572996c73f37b319004784b7": "512", "572998673f37b319004784d5": "cicadas", "572998673f37b319004784d6": "prime numbers", "572998673f37b319004784d7": "Magicicada make use of prime numbers", "572998673f37b319004784d8": "the prime number intervals", "572998673f37b319004784d9": "prime numbers", "57299a6f6aef051400155016": "prime", "57299a6f6aef051400155017": "smallest subfield", "57299a6f6aef051400155019": "prime number", "57299a6f6aef05140015501a": "prime", "57299a6f6aef051400155018": "prime number", "57299c2c6aef051400155020": "prime elements and irreducible elements", "57299c2c6aef051400155021": "Prime numbers", "57299c2c6aef051400155022": "Prime numbers", "57299c2c6aef051400155023": "prime element", "57299c2c6aef051400155024": "Prime numbers", "57299d1c1d04691400779581": "fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57299d1c1d04691400779582": "Z", "57299d1c1d04691400779583": "Z", "57299d1c1d04691400779584": "arbitrary integers", "57299d1c1d04691400779585": "4k + 3 are Gaussian primes, whereas rational primes of the form 4k + 1", "57299ec43f37b3190047850d": "ring theory, the notion of number", "57299ec43f37b3190047850e": "a prime ideal", "57299ec43f37b3190047850f": "The fundamental theorem of arithmetic generalizes to the Lasker\u2013Noether theorem", "57299ec43f37b31900478510": "fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57299ec43f37b31900478511": "number", "5729a03f1d04691400779593": "Prime ideals are the points of algebro-geometric objects, via the notion of the spectrum of a ring", "5729a03f1d04691400779594": "the spectrum of a ring", "5729a03f1d04691400779595": "spectrum", "5729a03f1d04691400779596": "Prime ideals are the points of algebro-geometric objects, via the notion of the spectrum of a ring", "5729a26d6aef05140015505a": "smaller when a number is multiplied by p", "5729a26d6aef05140015505b": "back and forth", "5729a26d6aef05140015505c": "absolute value yields the field of real numbers", "5729a26d6aef05140015505d": "absolute value", "5729a3716aef05140015506a": "natural phenomena", "5729a3716aef05140015506b": "Prime numbers", "5729a3716aef05140015506c": "Prime numbers", "5729a3716aef05140015506d": "third \u00e9tude, \"Neumes rythmiques\"", "5729a3716aef05140015506e": "nature", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55b": "The Rhine (Romansh: Rein", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55c": "The Rhine", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55d": "Cologne", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55e": "Cologne", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55f": "Cologne", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e37": "The Rhine", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3a": "The Rhine (Romansh: Rein", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3b": "Cologne", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56b": "R\u0113nos", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56c": "R\u0113nos", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56d": "R\u0113nos", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56e": "R\u0113nos", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad7": "R\u0113nos", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad8": "Greek orthography", "572fe288a23a5019007fcada": "Greek orthography", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad9": "R\u0113nos", "572fe288a23a5019007fcadb": "R\u0113nos", "572f567cb2c2fd140056803f": "in \"Rhine-kilometers", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568040": "1939", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568041": "Rhine-kilometers", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568042": "Rhine-kilometers", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568043": "natural course", "572fe393947a6a140053cdba": "in \"Rhine-kilometers", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbb": "1939", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbc": "Rhine-kilometers", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbe": "significantly shortened from the river's natural course", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbd": "Rhine-kilometers", "572f5703a23a5019007fc573": "north", "572f5703a23a5019007fc574": "86 km", "572f5703a23a5019007fc575": "the Rhine", "572f5703a23a5019007fc576": "Sargans", "572f5703a23a5019007fc577": "Rhine Valley (German: Rheintal). Near Sargans", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4b": "Chur", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4c": "Chur", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4d": "Chur", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4e": "Rhine", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4f": "Liechtenstein", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686d": "Constance", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686e": "the Alter Rhein", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686f": "the Alter Rhein", "572f57c704bcaa1900d76870": "Constance", "572f57c704bcaa1900d76871": "small islands by precipitating sediments", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e55": "Constance", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e56": "Constance", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e57": "the Alter Rhein", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e58": "Gai\u00dfau, H\u00f6chst and Fu\u00dfach. The natural Rhine", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e59": "sediments", "572f5875947a6a140053c89a": "Diepoldsau", "572f5875947a6a140053c89b": "Fu\u00dfach", "572f5875947a6a140053c89c": "counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation", "572f5875947a6a140053c89d": "parallel to the canalized Rhine", "572f5875947a6a140053c89e": "Rhine", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e69": "Fu\u00dfach", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6b": "flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta. The Dornbirner Ach", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6a": "Fu\u00dfach", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6c": "The Dornbirner Ach", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6d": "Diepoldsau", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57d": "three", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc580": "Constance", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57e": "Seerhein", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc581": "Swiss-Austrian border", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57f": "Constance", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858b": "three", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858c": "Alps", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858d": "Obersee", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858e": "Alps", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858f": "three bodies of water: the Obersee", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc587": "density", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58a": "Lake \u00dcberlingen", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc588": "surface", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58b": "northern (German) shore of the lake, off the island of Lindau", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc589": "northern (German) shore of the lake, off the island of Lindau", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e95": "surface", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e96": "level", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e97": "surface", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e98": "Rhine Gutter\") and Seerhein", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e99": "the water level", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5af": "Constance", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b0": "Aare", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b1": "river Aare", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b2": "Finsteraarhorn", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b3": "Basel", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde0": "Constance", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde1": "Aare", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde2": "river Aare", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde3": "Finsteraarhorn", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde4": "river Aare", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ea": "the \"Rhine knee", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8eb": "Rhine knee", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ec": "Central Bridge", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ed": "300 km", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ee": "about 300 km long and up to 40 km", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf2": "the \"Rhine knee", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf3": "Rhine knee", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf4": "North", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf5": "the \"Rhine knee", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf6": "the Central Bridge", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b7": "19th", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b8": "Upper Rhine region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b9": "Upper Rhine region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century. The rate of flow was increased and the ground water level", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680ba": "Grand Canal d'Alsace", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680bb": "huge Bassin de compensation de Plobsheim in Alsace", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5b": "Upper Rhine region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5c": "Upper Rhine region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5d": "19th Century. The rate of flow", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5e": "Upper Rhine region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century. The rate of flow was increased and the ground water level", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5f": "Grand Canal", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cc": "the Main", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cd": "Northeastern France", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cb": "The Rhine", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680ce": "Moselle", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cf": "400 m", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef5": "The Rhine is the longest river in Germany. It is here that the Rhine encounters some more of its main tributaries, such as the Neckar", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef6": "the Neckar, the Main and, later, the Moselle", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef7": "the Neckar, the Main", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef8": "Northeastern France", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef9": "Northeastern France drains to the Rhine via the Moselle", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5eb": "Rhine Gorge", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ec": "Rhine Gorge, a formation which was created by erosion", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ed": "erosion", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ee": "40", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76eff": "Rhine Gorge", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f00": "the Rhine Gorge, a formation which was created by erosion", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f02": "many castles and vineyards", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f03": "erosion", "572f6c85947a6a140053c940": "Cologne, D\u00fcsseldorf", "572f6c85947a6a140053c942": "Cologne, D\u00fcsseldorf and Duisburg. Duisburg", "572f6c85947a6a140053c943": "Cologne, D\u00fcsseldorf", "572f6c85947a6a140053c944": "Cologne, D\u00fcsseldorf", "572f6c85947a6a140053c941": "Switzerland", "572ff293947a6a140053ce52": "Cologne", "572ff293947a6a140053ce53": "Switzerland", "572ff293947a6a140053ce54": "Cologne", "572ff293947a6a140053ce55": "Cologne, D\u00fcsseldorf and Duisburg. Duisburg", "572ff293947a6a140053ce56": "Cologne, D\u00fcsseldorf", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc621": "tourism", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc622": "R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc623": "Lorelei", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc624": "Middle Rhine Valley", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce66": "tourism", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce67": "UNESCO World Heritage Site", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce68": "R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce69": "Lorelei", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce6a": "Lorelei", "572f7588947a6a140053c984": "Duisport", "572f7588947a6a140053c985": "Lower Rhine", "572f7588947a6a140053c986": "Lippe", "572f7588947a6a140053c987": "400", "572f7588947a6a140053c988": "400", "572ff430a23a5019007fcba9": "Lower", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbaa": "the Rhine-Ruhr region", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbab": "Duisport", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbac": "400", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbad": "400", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568154": "Meuse", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568153": "Rijn", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568155": "Two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine flows farther west", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f24": "the Waal", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f25": "the Waal", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f26": "Meuse", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f27": "The Oude Maas", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a2": "one ninth", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a3": "one ninth", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a4": "the Lek", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a5": "the", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2d": "one ninth", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2e": "third of the water flows through the Pannerdens Kanaal and redistributes in the IJssel and Nederrijn", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2f": "one ninth", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f30": "the Lek", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f31": "the Lek", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568657": "Rijn, from here on, is used only for smaller streams farther to the north, which together formed the main river Rhine", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568658": "Rijn, from here on, is used only for smaller streams farther to the north, which together formed the main river Rhine", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568659": "Rijn", "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865a": "Rijn, from here on, is used only for smaller streams farther to the north, which together formed the main river Rhine", "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865b": "a sluice", "572ff673b2c2fd1400568669": "Rhine-Meuse", "572ff673b2c2fd140056866a": "Rhine-Meuse", "572ff673b2c2fd140056866b": "Rhine-Meuse", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f51": "three main flows", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f52": "three", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f53": "three main flows", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f55": "three", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f54": "Rip", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568681": "1904", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568682": "1904", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568683": "St. Elizabeth's flood", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568685": "Gorinchem to form Merwede", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568684": "North Sea", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbce": "Many rivers have been closed (\"dammed", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcf": "The construction of Delta Works", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcd": "Many rivers have been closed (\"dammed", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbd0": "second half of the 20th Century", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869b": "tidal delta, shaped not only by the sedimentation of the rivers, but also by tidal currents", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869c": "Rhine-Meuse Delta is a tidal delta, shaped not only by the sedimentation of the rivers, but also by tidal currents", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869d": "Rhine-Meuse Delta", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869e": "the Waal", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbe9": "180 MBP", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbeb": "180 MBP", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbec": "Several microplates were caught in the squeeze and rotated or were pushed laterally, generating the individual features of Mediterranean geography", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbea": "the Eurasian and African tectonic plates", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbed": "Iberia", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b7": "Upper Rhine Graben", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b8": "Upper Rhine Graben", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b9": "Miocene", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686ba": "Rhone and Danube", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef0": "stream capture", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef1": "Pliocene period, the Rhine had captured streams down to the Vosges Mountains, including the Mosel, the Main and the Neckar", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef2": "use", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc15": "2.5 million years ago", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc16": "six", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc17": "120 m (390 ft) and much of the continental margins", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc18": "northwest", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc19": "offshore of Brest, France and rivers, like the Thames and the Seine", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e5": "74,000", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e6": "74,000", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e7": "lower Rhine flowed roughly west through the Netherlands", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e8": "approximately 120 m (390 ft) lower", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e9": "dry", "572fff45947a6a140053cf26": "a glacier", "572fff45947a6a140053cf27": "Asia", "572fff45947a6a140053cf28": "BP", "572fff45947a6a140053cf29": "ice-sheets", "572fff45947a6a140053cf2a": "The loess", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76fef": "22", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff0": "thaw", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff1": "Rhine", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff2": "13,000 BP", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff3": "9000 BP", "573003dd947a6a140053cf42": "7500 yr ago, a situation with tides and currents", "573003dd947a6a140053cf43": "coastal processes together, could compensate the transgression by the sea", "573003dd947a6a140053cf44": "7000 years, the coast line was roughly at the same location. In the southern North Sea, due to ongoing tectonic subsidence", "573003dd947a6a140053cf45": "North Sea, due to ongoing tectonic subsidence", "573003dd947a6a140053cf46": "North Sea, due to ongoing tectonic subsidence", "5730042804bcaa1900d77011": "Rhine-Meuse delta", "5730042804bcaa1900d77014": "8,000", "5730042804bcaa1900d77012": "delta", "5730042804bcaa1900d77013": "sea-level continued to rise in the Netherlands, the formation of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta", "57300580b2c2fd140056874d": "peat", "57300580b2c2fd140056874f": "peat formation", "57300580b2c2fd140056874e": "central Germany", "57300580b2c2fd1400568751": "11\u201313th century AD", "57300580b2c2fd1400568750": "80", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702d": "North Sea", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702e": "North Sea", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702f": "north", "5730069004bcaa1900d77030": "IJsselmeer", "5730069004bcaa1900d77031": "three", "57300761947a6a140053cf9a": "The Rhine was not known to Herodotus", "57300761947a6a140053cf9b": "Germania", "57300761947a6a140053cf9c": "Upper Rhine had been part of the areal of the late Hallstatt culture since the 6th century BC", "57300761947a6a140053cf9d": "The Rhine was not known to Herodotus and first enters the historical period in the 1st century BC", "573007fab2c2fd140056876b": "AD 14", "573007fab2c2fd140056876c": "the water-boundary of the Rhine and upper Danube", "573007fab2c2fd140056876d": "northern", "573007fab2c2fd140056876f": "the water-boundary of the Rhine and upper Danube", "573007fab2c2fd140056876e": "northern section of this frontier, where the Rhine is deep and broad", "57300888b2c2fd1400568775": "eight", "57300888b2c2fd1400568777": "eight", "57300888b2c2fd1400568778": "eight", "57300888b2c2fd1400568776": "eight", "57300888b2c2fd1400568779": "eight", "57300911947a6a140053cfb6": "5th century establishing the kingdoms of Francia on the Lower Rhine, Burgundy", "57300911947a6a140053cfb7": "5th century establishing the kingdoms of Francia on the Lower Rhine, Burgundy", "57300911947a6a140053cfb8": "Drachenfels", "57300911947a6a140053cfb9": "Nibelungenlied", "57300911947a6a140053cfba": "Worms", "573009a004bcaa1900d7704f": "6th", "573009a004bcaa1900d77050": "10th", "573009a004bcaa1900d77051": "Holy Roman Empire, flowing through Swabia, Franconia and Lower Lorraine", "573009a004bcaa1900d77052": "Archduke Sigismund of Austria", "573009a004bcaa1900d77053": "Archduke Sigismund of Austria", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc97": "the Peace of Westphalia, the Upper Rhine", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc98": "natural", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc99": "1806", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9a": "The Confederation of the Rhine", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9b": "Westphalia", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77063": "Versailles", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77064": "1930", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77065": "the German army", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77066": "the Rhineland", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77067": "1930", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77087": "Nijmegen", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77088": "Seven Days to the River Rhine was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe during the Cold War.", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77089": "1944", "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708a": "The Bridge at Remagen", "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708b": "Seven Days to the River Rhine", "57300c67947a6a140053cff0": "1,230", "57300c67947a6a140053cff1": "1932", "57300c67947a6a140053cff3": "2010", "57300c67947a6a140053cff2": "the German encyclopedia Knaurs Lexikon", "57300c68947a6a140053cff4": "2010", "572fac17947a6a140053cb54": "1998", "572fac17947a6a140053cb55": "Scotland Act 1998", "572fac17947a6a140053cb56": "Scottish Parliament has the power to legislate", "572fac17947a6a140053cb57": "The Scottish Parliament", "572fac17947a6a140053cb58": "\" to the Parliament of the United Kingdom", "572facb0a23a5019007fc863": "1914", "572facb0a23a5019007fc864": "three hundred years, Scotland was directly governed by the Parliament", "572facb0a23a5019007fc865": "the outbreak of the First World War", "572facb0a23a5019007fc866": "1914, but were shelved due to the outbreak of the First World War. A sharp rise in nationalism in Scotland during the late 1960s", "572facb0a23a5019007fc867": "Scottish Assembly", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86d": "North Sea", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86e": "oil", "572fad30a23a5019007fc870": "1974", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86f": "Scottish National Party", "572fad30a23a5019007fc871": "1978", "572fadcbb2c2fd1400568329": "Edinburgh", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832a": "Edinburgh provided that the majority of the Scottish electorate voted for it in a referendum to be held on 1 March 1979 that represented at least 40%", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832c": "51.6%", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832b": "Edinburgh", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832d": "32.9%", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76bdf": "1990s", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be0": "Conservative Party", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be1": "1989", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be2": "ution", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568333": "new Scottish Parliament Building, in the Holyrood area of Edinburgh", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568334": "Edinburgh", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568335": "Spanish", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568336": "leaf", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568337": "Queen Elizabeth II", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568349": "Holyrood", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568347": "Holyrood", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568348": "Holyrood", "572faf74b2c2fd140056834b": "Glasgow, and to the University of Aberdeen", "572faf74b2c2fd140056834a": "Glasgow, and to the University of Aberdeen", "572fb059947a6a140053cb80": "Edinburgh Council", "572fb059947a6a140053cb81": "Lothian Regional Council on George IV Bridge", "572fb059947a6a140053cb82": "Lothian Regional Council", "572fb059947a6a140053cb83": "Parliament Square, High Street and George IV Bridge in Edinburgh", "572fb059947a6a140053cb84": "main", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c15": "one MSP", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c16": "two MSPs to serve as deputies (currently Elaine Smith and John Scott", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c17": "129 MSPs", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c18": "129", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c19": "A", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f7": "the Presiding Officer", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f8": "Bureau", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f9": "one", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8fa": "The Presiding Officer", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5b": "131", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5c": "131", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5d": "131", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5e": "131", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5f": "131", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc938": "the parliamentary mace", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc937": "silver", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93a": "the Queen", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc939": "Wisdom, Compassion, Justice and Integrity", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93b": "glass case", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c73": "October", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c74": "the debating chamber", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c75": "the public", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c76": "free", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c77": "the Official Report", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95d": "Time for Reflection", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95e": "four minutes", "572fc043a23a5019007fc960": "Reflection", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95f": "religious beliefs according to the Scottish census", "572fc043a23a5019007fc961": "the Presiding Officer on the advice of the parliamentary bureau", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc80": "The Presiding Officer", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc81": "The", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc82": "The Presiding Officer", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc83": "ministers", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc84": "Gaelic", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccb": "5 pm", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccc": "Decision Time\" is heralded by the sounding of the division bell", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccd": "the sounding of the division bell", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76cce": "the Presiding Officer", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccf": "in seconds", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8a": "The outcome", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8b": "free votes\", which allows Members to vote as they", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8c": "whips", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8e": "free votes\"", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8d": "according", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568447": "45 minutes", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568449": "Members Business", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568448": "45 minutes", "572fc659b2c2fd140056844a": "The relevant minister", "572fc659b2c2fd140056844b": "The relevant minister", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf5": "committee", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf6": "committee", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf7": "there", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf8": "inquiries", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf9": "Tuesday", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d07": "a small number of MSPs", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d08": "the balance of parties across Parliament", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d09": "Mandatory Committees are committees which are set down under the Scottish Parliament's standing orders", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0a": "Scottish Parliament", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0b": "fourth Session of the Scottish Parliament are: Public Audit", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d11": "each parliamentary session", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d12": "one (or more", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d13": "Education and Culture", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d14": "Sport", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d1f": "Scottish Parliament", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d20": "Scottish Parliament", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d21": "the use of land or property.", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d22": "Private Bill Committees", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568473": "1998", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568474": "Queen Elizabeth II", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568475": "Scotland Act 2012 extends the devolved competencies", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568476": "the Parliament", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568477": "1998", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f1": "Scottish Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f2": "Scottish Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f3": "Scottish Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f4": "up to 3 pence", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f5": "2012 Act conferred further fiscal devolution including borrowing powers and some other unconnected matters such as setting speed limits and control of air guns", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847d": "Reserved", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847e": "Reserved matters are subjects that are outside the legislative competence of the Scotland Parliament. The Scottish Parliament", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847f": "Reserved matters are subjects that are outside the legislative competence of the Scotland Parliament. The Scottish Parliament", "572fcc43b2c2fd1400568480": "Reserved", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccda": "a", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdb": "Scottish Government", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdc": "Scottish Government", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdd": "an outside proposer", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccde": "number", "572fce12a23a5019007fca11": "Stage 2", "572fce13a23a5019007fca12": "Stage 1", "572fce13a23a5019007fca13": "the Presiding Officer", "572fce13a23a5019007fca14": "Stage 2", "572fce13a23a5019007fca15": "Stage 2", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd02": "Stage 3", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd03": "the final stage of the bill and is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd04": "the final stage of the bill and is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd05": "Opposition", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd06": "Decision Time", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684a9": "Monarch for royal assent and it becomes an Act of the Scottish Parliament", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684aa": "the Presiding Officer submits it to the Monarch for royal assent and it becomes an Act of the Scottish Parliament", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ab": "Royal assent", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ac": "United Kingdom", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ad": "The Bill for this Act of the Scottish Parliament was passed by the Parliament on [Date] and received royal assent on [Date]\"", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca55": "parties", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca57": "Any", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca56": "a number of candidates at the beginning of each parliamentary term (after a general election", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca58": "the Lord Advocate and the Solicitor General", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca59": "the Sovereign", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76d9f": "the first Thursday in May", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da0": "May", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da1": "the Presiding Officer", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da3": "the Presiding Officer", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da2": "the Presiding Officer", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd32": "The First Minister", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd33": "The First Minister or members of the cabinet can deliver statements to Parliament upon which MSPs", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd34": "the First Minister delivers a statement", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd35": "The First Minister or members of the cabinet", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3a": "12", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3b": "11", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3c": "12", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3d": "12 p.m. and 12:30 p.m. on Thursdays, when Parliament is sitting, First Minister's Question Time", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3e": "four", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684f9": "73", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fb": "73", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fa": "73", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fd": "55,000", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fc": "55,000", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850b": "the number of votes received in the second vote of the ballot using the d'Hondt method", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850c": "d'Hondt method", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850d": "The party with the highest quotient", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850e": "the", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850f": "The party", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851d": "number of qualifications apply to being an MSP. Such qualifications were introduced under the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851e": "1981", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851f": "18", "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568520": "Scottish Parliament", "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568521": "Scottish Parliament if he or she is judged to be insane under the terms of the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dd9": "majority SNP government", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dda": "Labour", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddb": "151", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddc": "16", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddd": "sufficient support in the Scottish Parliament to hold a referendum on Scottish independence", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca93": "David McLetchie, to the SNP", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca94": "Edinburgh Pentlands", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca95": "five", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca96": "Cameron congratulated the SNP", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca97": "Cameron", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9d": "West Lothian question", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9e": "Scottish Parliament", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9f": "West Lothian question", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa0": "Conservative", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa1": "England", "572ff626947a6a140053ce8e": "Islamism", "572ff626947a6a140053ce8f": "values", "572ff626947a6a140053ce90": "reordering", "572ff626947a6a140053ce91": "poles", "572ff626947a6a140053ce92": "state power seized by revolution or invasion", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568677": "Tunisian Ennahda Movement", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568678": "Hezbollah", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568679": "Lebanon", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867a": "al-Qaeda and the Egyptian Islamic Jihad, and groups such as the Taliban", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867b": "al-Qaeda", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f65": "the Muslim Brotherhood", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f66": "Sunni pan-Islamism", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f67": "Muslim Brotherhood movement and its focus on Islamisation of pan-Arabism was eclipsed by the Salafi movement with its emphasis on \"sharia", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f68": "democracy", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f69": "maintain their legitimacy", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd5": "Islamism", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd6": "Scholars", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd7": "error", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd8": "Hayri Abaza", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd9": "Islamism", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76f9f": "a writer for the International Crisis Group", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa0": "the", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa1": "explanation.", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa2": "1945 and 1970", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa3": "quietist/non-political Islam, not Islamism", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee7": "dangerous enemies", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee6": "1970s and sometimes later, Western and pro-Western governments often supported sometimes fledgling Islamists and Islamist groups that later came to be seen as dangerous enemies", "572ffbaa947a6a140053ceea": "The US spent billions of dollars to aid the mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan enemies of the Soviet Union", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee9": "billions of dollars", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee8": "bulwarks against\u2014what were thought to be at the time\u2014more dangerous leftist/communist/nationalist insurgents/opposition", "572ffbaab2c2fd14005686cd": "The US spent billions of dollars to aid the mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan enemies of the Soviet Union", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef6": "Anwar Sadat", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef7": "Egyptian President Anwar Sadat \u2013 whose policies included opening Egypt to Western investment (infitah)", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef8": "Israel", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef9": "1975", "572ffc99947a6a140053cefa": "opening Egypt to Western investment", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc7": "Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc8": "Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc9": "Allah's sake,\" that democracy \"is responsible for all the horrible wars of the 20th century,\" that Shia", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fca": "Saudi", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fcb": "Saudi", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686ef": "shelters", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f2": "incompetent, inefficient", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f0": "educational", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f3": "inefficient, or neglectful governments whose commitment to social justice is limited to rhetoric", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f1": "prohibitively costly dowry demands, legal assistance, sports facilities, and women's groups.\" All this compares very favourably against incompetent", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf14": "seven English lectures", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf15": "the All India Muslim League", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf17": "Indian National Congress", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf16": "1908", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf18": "Oxford University press", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686f9": "secularism and secular nationalism", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fa": "Hindu-majority population", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fb": "his travels to Egypt, Afghanistan, Palestine and Syria, he promoted ideas of greater Islamic political co-operation", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fc": "Sir Muhammad Iqbal was elected president of the Muslim League in 1930", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fd": "Pakistan movement", "5730005db2c2fd1400568703": "Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi", "5730005db2c2fd1400568704": "journalism", "5730005db2c2fd1400568705": "1941", "5730005db2c2fd1400568706": "Jamaat-e-Islami party in 1941 and remained its leader until 1972", "5730005db2c2fd1400568707": "extremely influential", "57300137b2c2fd1400568717": "Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi", "57300137b2c2fd1400568718": "journalism", "57300137b2c2fd140056871a": "Jamaat-e-Islami party in 1941 and remained its leader until 1972", "57300137b2c2fd140056871b": "extremely influential", "57300200b2c2fd1400568729": "Sharia, and Islam required the establishment of an Islamic state", "57300200b2c2fd140056872a": "an Islamic state", "57300200b2c2fd140056872b": "unity of God", "57300200b2c2fd140056872c": "Iranian", "57300200b2c2fd140056872d": "revolution", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77001": "Hassan al Banna", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77002": "Hassan al Banna", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77003": "Egypt", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77004": "the Qur'an", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77005": "imperialist", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4c": "Al-Banna", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4d": "1949", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4e": "1949", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4f": "1948", "5730040f947a6a140053cf50": "Gamal Abdul Nasser", "573004bf947a6a140053cf56": "Mohamed Morsi", "573004bf947a6a140053cf59": "75% of the total seats. Mohamed Morsi", "573004bf947a6a140053cf57": "semi-legal", "573004bf947a6a140053cf58": "semi-legal", "573004bf947a6a140053cf5a": "Mohamed Morsi", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6a": "Israeli troops", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6b": "Israeli troops", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6c": "Israeli troops", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6d": "Israeli troops", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6e": "secular Arab nationalism of the ruling regimes", "5730088e947a6a140053cfad": "Ali Shariati", "5730088e947a6a140053cfac": "Ali Shariati", "5730088e947a6a140053cfae": "He", "5730088e947a6a140053cfaf": "complete", "5730088e947a6a140053cfb0": "many secular, Westernizing Muslims were actually agents of the West serving Western interests", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b7": "economic sanctions", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b9": "Shia", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b8": "The Islamic Republic", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770ba": "2006", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770bb": "jad", "57300ec0947a6a140053d004": "Soviet Union", "57300ec0947a6a140053d005": "Afghanistan", "57300ec0947a6a140053d006": "aid", "57300ec0947a6a140053d007": "Palestinian sheikh Abdullah Yusuf Azzam", "57300ec0947a6a140053d008": "16,000 to 35,000", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d1": "the Gulf War", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d2": "Saddam Hussein", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d3": "aid", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d4": "Saudi", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d5": "west", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d7": "conservative Muslims", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d9": "Saudi Arabia attempted to compensate for its loss of prestige", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d8": "kingdom", "573010fab2c2fd14005687da": "Algeria", "573010fab2c2fd14005687db": "9/11", "573011de04bcaa1900d770f9": "1966", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fa": "1966", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fb": "Milestones", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fc": "Milestones", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fd": "1970s", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd09": "Egyptian Islamic Jihad organization responsible for the assassination of Anwar Sadat in 1981", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0a": "1981", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0b": "apostate", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0c": "apostate", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0d": "Muhammad Abd al-Salaam Farag", "5730131c947a6a140053d052": "Jamaa Islamiya", "5730131c947a6a140053d053": "al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya (Islamic Group). Victims of their campaign against the Egyptian state", "5730131c947a6a140053d055": "2003", "5730131c947a6a140053d054": "al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya (Islamic Group). Victims of their campaign against the Egyptian state", "5730131c947a6a140053d056": "al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya (Islamic Group", "5730208fa23a5019007fcded": "cent", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdee": "HAMAS", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdef": "1988", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf1": "1987", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf0": "1988 Hamas charter took a more uncompromising stand, calling for the destruction of Israel and the establishment of an Islamic state in Palestine", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f7": "Hamas", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f8": "542", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f9": "it won the majority of the seats, and in 2007 it drove the PLO out of Gaza", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fa": "2007", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fb": "Israel out of the Gaza Strip", "57302700a23a5019007fce89": "al-Turabi", "57302700a23a5019007fce8a": "al-Turabi", "57302700a23a5019007fce8b": "1979", "57302700a23a5019007fce8c": "Saudi Arabia", "57302700a23a5019007fce8d": "minister of education", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9d": "1989 it was able to overthrow the elected post-al-Nimeiry government with the help of the military", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9e": "military", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9f": "liberal government before coming to power, but strict application of sharia law", "573027d6a23a5019007fcea0": "Osama bin Laden", "573027d6a23a5019007fcea1": "al-Nimeiry was overthrown in 1985", "5730285a04bcaa1900d77270": "1989", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726f": "1989", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726e": "Front Islamique de Salut (the Islamic Salvation Front) in Algeria", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726d": "Front Islamique de Salut (the Islamic Salvation Front) in Algeria. Founded as a broad Islamist coalition in 1989", "5730285a04bcaa1900d77271": "military coup d'\u00e9tat", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77287": "Afghanistan, the mujahideen's victory against the Soviet Union", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77288": "vicious and destructive", "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728a": "communist forces", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77289": "vicious and destructive", "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728b": "80%", "57302a3aa23a5019007fcecf": "the Deobandi movement", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced0": "Pakistan", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced1": "Their ideology was also described as being influenced by Wahhabism", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced2": "Sharia", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced3": "Wahhabism", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772af": "1988", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b0": "alcohol and nightclubs", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b1": "Islamism became his \"official state ideology\".", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b2": "Iran", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b3": "1988", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689db": "The Islamic State\", formerly known as the \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dc": "The Islamic State\", formerly known as the \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689de": "ten million", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689df": "self-described state, it lacks international recognition", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dd": "The Islamic State\", formerly known as the \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d7": "2004", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d8": "March 2003", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772da": "early 2014", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d9": "March 2011", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772db": "Iraqi insurgency that followed the March 2003 invasion of Iraq", "57302e45947a6a140053d22e": "Caliphate", "57302e45947a6a140053d22f": "Ali, or one of the other four rightly guided Caliphs in the 7th century, but with the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate", "57302e45947a6a140053d230": "1924", "57302e45947a6a140053d231": "1924", "57302e45947a6a140053d232": "disbelieving (Kafir) colonial powers\" working through Turkish modernist Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f5": "works to take power through \"ideological struggle\" to change Muslim public opinion", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f6": "ideological struggle\" to change Muslim public opinion", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f7": "ideological struggle\" to change Muslim public opinion, and in particular through elites", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f8": "1968 and 1969 in Jordan, and in 1974 in Egypt", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f9": "terrorist", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77311": "900,000", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77312": "900,000", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77313": "2007", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77314": "free rein", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77315": "Londonistan. Following the 9/11 attacks, however, Abu Hamza al-Masri, the imam of the Finsbury Park Mosque", "57303048947a6a140053d254": "the State Department", "57303048947a6a140053d255": "State Department", "57303048947a6a140053d256": "Christian Whiton", "57303048947a6a140053d257": "U.S. government has engaged in efforts to counter Islamism, or violent Islamism, since 2001.", "57303048947a6a140053d258": "communist ideology", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c6": "imperium", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c7": "military force", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c9": "colonization", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4ca": "technologies and ideas", "573062662461fd1900a9cdf7": "diplomacy", "573062662461fd1900a9cdf8": "physical", "573062662461fd1900a9cdfa": "physical control or full-fledged colonial rule", "573062662461fd1900a9cdfb": "physical control or full-fledged colonial rule\". \"Informal imperialism", "57306797396df919000960ee": "imperialism", "57306797396df919000960ef": "one could speak of \"formal\" and \"informal\" imperialism, the first meaning physical control", "57306797396df919000960f0": "definition of imperialism has not been finalized for centuries and was confusedly seen to represent the policies of major powers, or simply, general-purpose aggressiveness", "57306797396df919000960f2": "technological superiority, enforcing land officials into large debts that cannot be repaid, ownership of private industries", "57306797396df919000960f1": "taking", "573081c2069b531400832133": "the amount of land that a nation has conquered", "573081c2069b531400832134": "the world systems theory", "573081c2069b531400832135": "Russian leader Lenin", "573081c2069b531400832136": "imperium", "573081c2069b531400832137": "imperium", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6d": "Robert Young", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6e": "Robert Young", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6f": "Robert Young writes that while imperialism operates from the center", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce70": "Robert Young", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce71": "Robert Young", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54c": "Imperialism", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54d": "an empire", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54e": "to create an empire", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c550": "create an empire", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54f": "Imperialism", "5730876a396df9190009617a": "the races which can do this work best, i.e. by the races of highest 'social efficiency", "5730876a396df9190009617c": "imperialism", "5730876a396df9190009617b": "the races of highest 'social efficiency", "5730876a396df9190009617d": "The purportedly scientific nature of \"Social Darwinism\" and a theory of races", "5730876a396df9190009617e": "whiteness", "573088da069b53140083216b": "Germany", "573088da069b53140083216c": "Germany", "573088da069b53140083216d": "Germany", "573088da069b53140083216e": "Germany", "573088da069b53140083216f": "Royal Geographical Society of London", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c576": "environmental determinism", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c577": "temperate zone", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c578": "Orientalism", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c579": "environmental determinism", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c57a": "environmental determinism", "57308ddc396df919000961a5": "Terra nullius", "57308ddc396df919000961a7": "Terra nullius", "57308ddc396df919000961a4": "Terra nullius", "57308ddc396df919000961a6": "Terra nullius", "57308ddc396df919000961a8": "Roman law", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c580": "Edward Said, refers to how the West developed an imaginative geography of the East", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c581": "Orientalism, as theorized by Edward Said", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c582": "Edward Said", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c583": "Orientalism, as theorized by Edward Said", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c584": "Orientalism, as theorized by Edward Said", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58a": "nineteenth-century maps", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58b": "French and British power", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58c": "unknown or unexplored territory", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58d": "nineteenth-century maps during the \"scramble for Africa", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58e": "nineteenth-century maps", "573092088ab72b1400f9c595": "Americas during the pre-Columbian era also had large empires such as the Aztec Empire and the Incan Empire", "573092088ab72b1400f9c594": "Genghis Khan", "573092088ab72b1400f9c597": "number in the dozens", "573092088ab72b1400f9c598": "Imperialism", "573092088ab72b1400f9c596": "Sub-Saharan Africa", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5ae": "Cultural imperialism is when a country's influence", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5af": "a country's influence", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b0": "Dallas", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b1": "a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles, i.e. its soft power", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b2": "when a country's influence", "57309446396df919000961b8": "1700", "57309446396df919000961b9": "1700", "57309446396df919000961ba": "thousands", "57309446396df919000961bb": "1700", "57309446396df919000961bc": "Open Door", "57309564069b5314008321a5": "John Gallagher (1919\u20131980", "57309564069b5314008321a6": "John Gallagher (1919\u20131980) and Ronald Robinson (1920\u20131999", "57309564069b5314008321a7": "1999", "57309564069b5314008321a8": "John Gallagher (1919\u20131980) and Ronald Robinson (1920\u20131999) constructed a framework for understanding European imperialism", "57309564069b5314008321a9": "John Gallagher (1919\u20131980) and Ronald Robinson (1920\u20131999) constructed a framework for understanding European imperialism", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d2": "economic growth by collecting resources from colonies, in combination with assuming political control by military and political means. The colonization of India", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d4": "18th", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d3": "economic growth", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d5": "The colonization of India in the mid-18th century offers an example of this focus: there, the \"British exploited the political weakness of the Mughal state", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dc": "communication", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dd": "explosives", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5de": "Zulus", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5df": "Southern Africa", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5e0": "1880s", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e6": "Joseph Chamberlain", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e7": "Joseph Chamberlain", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e8": "Joseph Chamberlain", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e9": "Joseph Chamberlain", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c600": "aristocracy", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c602": "United States", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c601": "non-Marxist", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c603": "domestic social reforms", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c604": "J", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60a": "environmental determinism", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60b": "environmental determinism", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60c": "less civilized", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60d": "first in the Americas, second in Asia and lastly in Africa", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60e": "orientalism and tropicality", "5730a314069b5314008321eb": "According to geographic scholars under colonizing empires, the world could be split into climatic zones", "5730a314069b5314008321ec": "location", "5730a314069b5314008321ed": "guidance and intervention from the European empire", "5730a314069b5314008321ee": "orientalism is a view of a people based on their geographical location", "5730a314069b5314008321ef": "Northern Europe and the Mid-Atlantic temperate climate produced a hard-working, moral, and upstanding human being", "5730a40f396df91900096234": "sixteenth", "5730a40f396df91900096235": "159", "5730a40f396df91900096236": "1599 the British East India Company was established and was chartered by Queen Elizabeth", "5730a40f396df91900096237": "political activity", "5730a40f396df91900096238": "Portuguese", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf29": "1830", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2a": "1850", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2d": "Algeria", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2b": "1850", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2c": "Germany", "5730a951069b531400832213": "The higher races have a right over the lower races, they have a duty to civilize the inferior", "5730a951069b531400832214": "Algeria", "5730a951069b531400832215": "small numbers", "5730a951069b531400832216": "Christianity and French culture", "5730a951069b531400832217": "small numbers of settlers to its colonies, with the only notable exception of Algeria", "5730aa52069b53140083221d": "II", "5730aa52069b53140083221e": "anti-colonial movements", "5730aa52069b53140083221f": "Algeria", "5730aa52069b531400832220": "Algeria", "5730aa52069b531400832221": "1960", "5730ab63396df91900096260": "800 CE, forming the Holy Roman Empire, the first German Empire.", "5730ab63396df91900096263": "1000", "5730ab63396df91900096261": "Scandinavia", "5730ab63396df91900096262": "1000", "5730ab63396df91900096264": "ous", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf73": "19th", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf74": "Austria was primarily as a result of Habsburg control of the First Empire, the Spanish throne", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf75": "Austria was primarily as a result of Habsburg control of the First Empire, the Spanish throne", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf77": "Napoleon", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf76": "Austria was primarily as a result of Habsburg control of the First Empire, the Spanish throne", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c682": "South Pacific", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c683": "1884", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c685": "1884", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c684": "1884", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c686": "Hamburg merchants and traders, his neighbors at Friedrichsruh", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa4": "1905", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa3": "1894", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa6": "Thai", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa5": "ria", "5730b255396df919000962b0": "The Soviet Union and the People\u2019s Republic of China", "5730b255396df919000962b1": "1923", "5730b255396df919000962b2": "Lenin in particular asserted the right to limited self-determination for national minorities", "5730b255396df919000962b3": "Soviet Union installed socialist regimes modeled on those it had installed in 1919\u201320", "5730b255396df919000962b4": "Indigenization", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc5": "Lenin wrote extensively on the matter and famously declared that Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism.", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc6": "Lenin", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc9": "Mao Zedong once argued that the Soviet Union had itself become an imperialist power while maintaining a socialist fa\u00e7ade", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc8": "Lenin wrote extensively on the matter and famously declared that Imperialism", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc7": "Joseph Stalin established 'socialism in one country'", "5730b541396df919000962c2": "mercantilism", "5730b541396df919000962c3": "1776", "5730b541396df919000962c5": "free trade", "5730b541396df919000962c4": "1776", "5730b541396df919000962c6": "1815", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfcf": "British Empire was the largest Empire that the world has ever seen both in terms of landmass and population", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd0": "Lord", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd2": "Lord Cromer, Lord Curzon, General Kitchner, Lord Milner, and the writer Rudyard Kipling.", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd1": "Scramble for Africa", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c3": "the Monroe Doctrine", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c4": "the Monroe Doctrine", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c6": "Monroe Doctrine", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c5": "Philippines", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c7": "the Monroe Doctrine", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c704": "Isiah Bowman", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c705": "he was appointed to then President Woodrow Wilson's inquiry in 1917", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c706": "President Wilson and the American delegation from the Paris Peace Conference", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c707": "President Wilson and the American delegation from the Paris Peace Conference", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c708": "Wilson's geographer", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d011": "Some have described the internal strife between various people groups as a form of imperialism or colonialism", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d012": "some", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d013": "12 to 15 million", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d015": "internal colonialism", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73c": "1299 to 1923. During the 16th and 17th centuries, in particular at the height of its power under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73d": "Suleiman the Magnificent", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73e": "32 provinces and numerous vassal states", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73f": "Southeast Europe, Western Asia, the Caucasus", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c740": "Suleiman the Magnificent", "5730bd00069b5314008322d7": "Istanbul", "5730bd00069b5314008322d9": "Germany", "5730bd00069b5314008322db": "Istanbul", "5730bd00069b5314008322da": "Istanbul", "5730982f396df919000961e2": "United Methodist Church", "5730982f396df919000961e3": "The United Methodist Church (UMC", "5730982f396df919000961e4": "United Methodist Church", "5730982f396df919000961e5": "United Methodist Church", "5730982f396df919000961e6": "Wesleyan", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee5": "United Methodist Church", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee6": "80 million", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee7": "United Methodist Church", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee8": "9 million", "57309921396df919000961f6": "18th", "57309921396df919000961f7": "18th", "57309921396df919000961f8": "Holy", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef7": "1735", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef8": "Indians", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef9": "Indians", "573099f42461fd1900a9cefa": "1735", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9ceff": "Revolution", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf00": "1784", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf01": "Thomas Coke", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf02": "Lovely Lane", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf03": "Lovely Lane Methodist Church", "57309adb396df919000961fc": "St. George's", "57309adb396df919000961fd": "St. George's", "57309adb396df919000961fe": "1767", "57309adb396df919000961ff": "Dock Street", "57309adb396df91900096200": "1784", "57309cd6069b5314008321c3": "Richard Allen and Absalom Jones", "57309cd6069b5314008321c4": "St. George's Church", "57309cd6069b5314008321c5": "1784", "57309d31396df91900096210": "1830", "57309d31396df91900096211": "1830", "57309d31396df91900096212": "1844", "57309d31396df91900096213": "1844", "5730a97a396df9190009625a": "April 23, 1968", "5730a97a396df9190009625b": "Dallas, Texas", "5730a97a396df9190009625c": "Dallas", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6d": "holy catholic (or universal) church", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6e": "Discipline", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6f": "the \"visible and invisible Church", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64e": "Thomas Vasey", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c650": "1784", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64f": "Thomas Vasey", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c655": "Albert C", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c654": "1968", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c656": "Albert C. Outler", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c657": "Albert C", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c670": "Prevenient grace, or the grace that \"goes before\" us, is given to all people", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c672": "Jesus Christ", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c671": "the grace that \"goes before\" us, is given to all people", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c673": "sin", "5730aeba069b531400832241": "Christ", "5730aeba069b531400832242": "God", "5730aeba069b531400832243": "conversion", "5730aeba069b531400832244": "conversion", "5730aeba069b531400832245": "New Birth", "5730afed069b53140083225f": "God", "5730afed069b531400832260": "Wesley", "5730afed069b531400832261": "Sanctifying Grace", "5730afed069b531400832262": "neighbors", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c696": "the Holy Spirit", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c697": "the Holy Spirit to bring holiness into the life of the participating believer. The United Methodist Church believes in prima scriptura", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c698": "race, gender, and ideology", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c699": "The Book of Discipline", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69f": "2008", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69e": "United Methodist Church upholds the sanctity of human life both of the child and the mother", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c6a0": "choice", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6ae": "United Methodist Church", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6af": "all women", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6b0": "mother", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfad": "TUMAS", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfae": "2012", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfaf": "Rev. Paul T. Stallsworth", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb3": "John Wesley warned against the dangers of drinking in his famous sermon, \"The Use of Money", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb6": "2011 and 2012", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb4": "The Use of Money", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb5": "unfermented grape juice", "5730b54c069b53140083228d": "United Methodist Church, along with other Methodist churches, condemns capital punishment", "5730b54c069b53140083228e": "John 8:7", "5730b54c069b53140083228f": "Matthew 5:38-39", "5730b54c069b531400832290": "The General Conference", "5730b5cc396df919000962d2": "United Methodist Church", "5730b5cc396df919000962d3": "1999", "5730b5cc396df919000962d4": "Jimmy Creech", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd7": "the Connectional Table", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd8": "United", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd9": "same-gender marriages with resolutions", "5730b776069b5314008322bd": "1987", "5730b776069b5314008322be": "2005", "5730b776069b5314008322bf": "The Baltimore-Washington Conference", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cff9": "conscription", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffa": "conscription", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffb": "conscription", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70e": "United Methodist Church maintains that war is incompatible with Christ's message and teachings", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70f": "war is incompatible with Christ's message and teachings. Therefore, the Church rejects war as an instrument of national foreign policy", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c710": "general and complete disarmament", "5730bdfe396df9190009630e": "Sexual Ethics", "5730bdfe396df9190009630f": "United Methodist Church teaches that pornography is \"about violence, degradation, exploitation, and coercion", "5730bdfe396df91900096310": "physiological", "5730bf03069b5314008322eb": "IVF", "5730bf03069b5314008322ed": "stem cells retrieved from umbilical cords and adult stem cells", "5730bf03069b5314008322ec": "embryos", "5730c059069b531400832305": "Sunday Service", "5730c059069b531400832306": "Sunday Service", "5730c059069b531400832307": "John Wesley himself provided a revised version of The Book of Common Prayer", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc46": "Africa", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc47": "the Anglican tradition's Book of Common Prayer", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc48": "oil", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4c": "Methodist institutions", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4d": "William Booth", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4e": "John Wesley", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc52": "United Methodist Church", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc54": "General Conference", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc55": "The Book of Discipline", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc53": "General Conference", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc56": "four years", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa7": "five", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa8": "seven", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa9": "bishops", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aaa": "bishops", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aab": "Episcopal Areas", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449c": "the Mission Council", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449d": "South Central Jurisdiction", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449e": "36 acres (150,000 m2) at Southern Methodist University for the George W. Bush Presidential Library", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449f": "150,000 m2) at Southern Methodist University for the George W. Bush Presidential Library", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e244a0": "South Central Jurisdiction", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac2": "The Judicial Council is the highest court in the denomination. It consists of nine members, both laity and clergy", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac1": "The Judicial Council", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac3": "The Judicial Council is the highest court in the denomination. It consists of nine members, both laity and clergy", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac4": "The Judicial Council is the highest court in the denomination. It consists of nine members, both laity and clergy", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac5": "The Judicial Council", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154a": "The Annual Conference", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154b": "geographical", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154c": "The Annual Conference", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c2": "The Book of Discipline", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c3": "three", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c4": "three", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c5": "The church conference", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c6": "The Book of Discipline", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc66": "United Methodist Church established and is affiliated with around one hundred", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc67": "three hundred sixty", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc68": "education", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc94": "John Wesley", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc95": "They generally serve as pastor", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc96": "Annual Conference Order of Elders. Likewise each deacon in full connection is a member of their Annual Conference Order of Deacons", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc97": "Annual Conference Order of Deacons", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af5": "Cabinet", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af6": "the resident bishop", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af7": "the bishop", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155a": "preach", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155b": "preach the Word of God", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155c": "2\u20133", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155d": "District Superintendents", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b03": "2\u20133", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b04": "contribute in worship, conduct marriages, bury the dead", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b05": "Deacons", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b06": "sacramental authority if they are appointed as the pastor", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d6": "1996", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d7": "The provisional elder/deacon", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d8": "1996 General Conference the ordination order of transitional deacon was abolished. This created new orders known as \"provisional elder\" or \"provisional deacon", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01562": "'Licensed Local Pastor", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01563": "The licensed local pastor", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01564": "five", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01565": "lay members", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dc": "United Methodist Church (UMC) practices infant and adult baptism", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dd": "confirmation and sometimes the profession of faith", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244de": "confirmation and sometimes the profession of faith", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fc": "Baptism", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fd": "confirmation and membership preparation classes, students learn about Church and the Methodist-Christian theological tradition", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fe": "The Book of Discipline", "5730de74f6cb411900e244ff": "youth", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b61": "the lay servant", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b62": "the lay servant", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b63": "annually", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b64": "the lay servant", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b73": "United Methodist Church", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b74": "observer status in the National Association of Evangelicals and in the World Evangelical Fellowship", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b75": "some", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce4": "2000", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce5": "May 2012", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce6": "United Methodist Church has since 1985", "5730eb5b497a881900248a3f": "11 million", "5730eb5b497a881900248a40": "11 million", "5730eb5b497a881900248a41": "8 million", "5730eb5b497a881900248a42": "8 million", "5730eb5b497a881900248a43": "Texas has the largest number of members, with about 1 million", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae5": "11.4 million", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae6": "11.4 million", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae7": "11.4 million", "5730ec85e6313a140071caba": "Wesleyan Holiness Consortium", "5730ec85e6313a140071cabb": "John Wesley", "5730ec85e6313a140071cabc": "July 18, 2006", "5733cf61d058e614000b62e9": "1754\u20131763", "5733cf61d058e614000b62ea": "1754\u20131763", "5733cf61d058e614000b62eb": "60,000 European settlers, compared with 2 million", "5733cf61d058e614000b62ec": "2 million", "5733cff84776f419006612b4": "along the frontiers between New France and the British colonies, from Virginia", "5733cff84776f419006612b5": "a dispute over control of the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela", "5733cff84776f419006612b6": "Battle of Jumonville Glen in May 1754", "5733d13e4776f419006612c4": "four", "5733d13e4776f419006612c5": "the Battle of the Monongahela", "5733d13e4776f419006612c6": "four-way attack on the French. None succeeded and the main effort by Braddock", "5733d13e4776f419006612c7": "Fort Beaus\u00e9jour", "5733d13e4776f419006612c8": "four", "5733d249d058e614000b6331": "William Pitt", "5733d249d058e614000b6332": "William Pitt", "5733d249d058e614000b6333": "Prussia", "5733d249d058e614000b6334": "1758 and 1760", "5733d2dbd058e614000b6339": "Spain", "5733d2dbd058e614000b633a": "Spain", "5733d2dbd058e614000b633b": "Mississippi", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ea": "French and Indian", "5733d3cb4776f419006612eb": "French and Indian War", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ec": "French and Indian", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ed": "French and Indian War", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6353": "1756", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6354": "1756", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6355": "1760", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6356": "Jumonville Glen", "5733d5704776f4190066130e": "about 75,000", "5733d5704776f4190066130f": "about 75,000", "5733d5704776f41900661310": "about 75,000", "5733d68ed058e614000b637f": "Nova Scotia", "5733d68ed058e614000b6380": "French 20 to 1 with a population of about 1.5 million ranged along the eastern coast of the continent, from Nova Scotia and Newfoundland", "5733d68ed058e614000b6381": "coast", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ab": "Iroquois Confederation", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ac": "north, the Mi'kmaq", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ad": "them in authority to make agreements", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ae": "Iroquois rule", "5733da01d058e614000b63f9": "Huron", "5733da01d058e614000b63fa": "Huron", "5733da01d058e614000b63fb": "Iroquois Six Nations", "5733dab4d058e614000b6409": "3,000 troupes de la marine", "5733dab4d058e614000b640a": "few British troops. New France was defended by about 3,000 troupes de la marine", "5733dab4d058e614000b640b": "New France was defended by about 3,000 troupes de la marine", "5733db8dd058e614000b6428": "about 200 Troupes de la marine", "5733db8dd058e614000b6429": "about 200 Troupes de la marine", "5733db8dd058e614000b642a": "about 200 Troupes de la marine", "5733dc95d058e614000b644a": "Montreal", "5733dc95d058e614000b644b": "Pickawillany", "5733dc95d058e614000b644c": "he continued to trade with the British", "5733dc95d058e614000b644d": "Montreal", "5733dd4f4776f419006613aa": "Montreal", "5733dd4f4776f419006613ab": "his", "5733dd4f4776f419006613ac": "Montreal", "5733e5a14776f4190066145b": "1749", "5733e5a14776f4190066145c": "1749", "5733e5a14776f4190066145d": "Christopher Gist", "5733e5a14776f4190066145e": "1749", "5733e5a14776f4190066145f": "mouth of the Monongahela River", "5733e771d058e614000b6545": "1748", "5733e771d058e614000b6546": "1748", "5733e771d058e614000b6547": "1748", "5733e771d058e614000b6548": "1748", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a6": "Marquis", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a7": "Charles Michel de Langlade, an officer in the Troupes de la Marine", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a8": "Charles Michel de Langlade, an officer in the Troupes de la Marine", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a9": "June 21", "5733ea04d058e614000b6594": "Paul Marin de la Malgue was given command of a 2,000-man force of Troupes de la Marine and Indians", "5733ea04d058e614000b6595": "Fort Le Boeuf (present-day Waterford, Pennsylvania", "5733ea04d058e614000b6596": "Fort Presque Isle", "5733ea04d058e614000b6597": "His orders were to protect", "5733ea04d058e614000b6598": "military action", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cc": "1746", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cd": "Warraghiggey", "5733eb34d058e614000b65ce": "Warraghiggey", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cf": "Warraghiggey", "5733ef47d058e614000b662b": "Virginia", "5733ef47d058e614000b662c": "October 1753 Dinwiddie ordered the 21-year-old Major George Washington (whose brother was another Ohio Company investor) of the Virginia Regiment", "5733ef47d058e614000b662d": "Jacob Van Braam", "5733ef47d058e614000b662e": "December 12", "5733f062d058e614000b6633": "Jacques", "5733f062d058e614000b6634": "Dinwiddie", "5733f062d058e614000b6635": "Jacques", "5733f062d058e614000b6636": "France", "5733f1784776f41900661575": "Claude", "5733f1784776f41900661576": "40", "5733f1784776f41900661577": "Fort Duquesne", "5733f309d058e614000b6648": "scouting", "5733f309d058e614000b6649": "Mingo leader. Learning of a French scouting party in the area, Washington, with Tanaghrisson and his party, surprised the Canadians", "5733f309d058e614000b664a": "French", "5733f410d058e614000b6663": "Major General", "5733f410d058e614000b6664": "Major General", "5733f410d058e614000b6665": "six regiments to New France under the command of Baron Dieskau", "5733f410d058e614000b6666": "Major General Edward Braddock", "5733f5264776f419006615a3": "Albany Congress", "5733f5264776f419006615a4": "Albany Congress in June and July, 1754. The goal of the congress", "5733f5264776f419006615a5": "Albany Congress", "5733f5264776f419006615a6": "Albany Congress", "5733f5f24776f419006615c1": "about 1,500", "5733f5f24776f419006615c2": "George Washington as one of his aides) led about 1,500", "5733f5f24776f419006615c3": "Virginia", "5733f5f24776f419006615c4": "Thomas Gage", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66a9": "Shirley and Johnson", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66aa": "Niagara", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ab": "Niagara", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ac": "Fort Bull", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f7": "the Marquis", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f8": "Johnson", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f9": "Baron Dieskau", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fa": "Fort William Henry", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fb": "Ticonderoga Point", "5733f9fa4776f4190066161f": "Colonel Monckton", "5733f9fa4776f41900661620": "Charles Lawrence", "5733f9fa4776f41900661621": "Charles Lawrence", "5733faaf4776f4190066162f": "William Shirley", "5733faaf4776f41900661630": "Albany", "5733faaf4776f41900661631": "Fort Frontenac on the north shore of Lake Ontario", "5733faaf4776f41900661632": "Quebec", "5733fb7bd058e614000b66ff": "James Abercrombie", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6700": "Major General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6701": "May 18, 1756", "5733fc6ed058e614000b670f": "Scouts", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6710": "Scouts had reported the weakness of the British supply chain", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6711": "45,000 pounds", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6712": "Ontario", "5733fd66d058e614000b6735": "Albany", "5733fd66d058e614000b6736": "Ticonderoga", "5733fd66d058e614000b6737": "Oswego", "5733fd66d058e614000b6738": "Albany", "5733fe73d058e614000b673d": "Quebec", "5733fe73d058e614000b673e": "Quebec", "5733fe73d058e614000b673f": "William Pitt", "5733fe73d058e614000b6740": "1757: an attack on New France's capital, Quebec", "5733ffa7d058e614000b674f": "French irregular forces (Canadian scouts and Indians) harassed Fort William Henry throughout the first half of 1757. In January they ambushed British rangers", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6750": "French irregular forces (Canadian scouts and Indians) harassed Fort William Henry throughout the first half of 1757. In January they ambushed British rangers", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6751": "1757. In January they ambushed British rangers near Ticonderoga", "57340111d058e614000b677d": "Fran\u00e7ois Bigot", "57340111d058e614000b677e": "Fran\u00e7ois Bigot", "57340111d058e614000b677f": "Fran\u00e7ois Bigot", "5734025d4776f419006616c3": "the Duke of Cumberland", "5734025d4776f419006616c4": "1757", "5734025d4776f419006616c5": "three", "5734025d4776f419006616c6": "Newcastle and his principal military advisor, the Duke of Cumberland", "573403394776f419006616dd": "3,600", "573403394776f419006616de": "3,600", "573403394776f419006616df": "Jeffery Amherst, victor at Louisbourg", "573403394776f419006616e0": "third invasion was stopped with the improbable French victory in the Battle of Carillon", "57340549d058e614000b67dd": "Pitt", "57340549d058e614000b67de": "Pitt", "57340549d058e614000b67df": "Lagos and Quiberon Bay", "573406d1d058e614000b6801": "James Wolfe", "573406d1d058e614000b6802": "1760", "573406d1d058e614000b6803": "Sainte-Foy", "573406d1d058e614000b6804": "1760", "573407d7d058e614000b6813": "General Amherst", "573407d7d058e614000b6814": "September 1760", "573407d7d058e614000b6815": "General Amherst", "573408ef4776f41900661757": "the Treaty of Hubertusburg on 15 February 1763. The British offered France the choice of surrendering either its continental North American possessions east of the Mississippi", "573408ef4776f41900661758": "the Treaty of Hubertusburg on 15 February 1763", "573408ef4776f41900661759": "British", "573408ef4776f4190066175a": "British offered France the choice of surrendering either its continental North American possessions east of the Mississippi", "57340a094776f4190066177d": "1755", "57340a094776f4190066177e": "1755", "57340a094776f4190066177f": "1755", "57340a094776f41900661780": "British", "57340b1bd058e614000b6869": "King George III", "57340b1bd058e614000b686a": "King George III", "57340b1bd058e614000b686b": "Appalachian Mountains", "57340d124776f419006617c3": "most of its Spanish Catholic population to leave", "57340d124776f419006617c0": "Forbes", "57340d124776f419006617c1": "1769", "57340d124776f419006617c2": "Spanish", "57340d124776f419006617bf": "the elimination of French power in North America meant the disappearance of a strong ally and counterweight to British expansion", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e71": "force", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e72": "a force is required to maintain motion, even at a constant velocity", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e73": "a force is required to maintain motion, even at a constant velocity", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e74": "three", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e75": "Aristotle and Archimedes retained fundamental errors in understanding force. In part this was due to an incomplete understanding of the sometimes non-obvious force of friction", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7b": "particle physics has devised a Standard Model", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7c": "gauge bosons", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7d": "four", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7e": "four", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7f": "weak and electromagnetic forces are expressions of a more fundamental electroweak interaction", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e85": "Aristotle", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e86": "Aristotle provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e87": "Aristotle believed that motionless objects on Earth, those composed mostly of the elements earth and water", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e88": "Aristotle believed that motionless objects on Earth, those composed mostly of the elements earth and water", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e89": "He", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e8f": "Galileo Galilei", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e90": "Galileo Galilei", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e91": "Galileo Galilei, who was influenced by the late Medieval idea that objects in forced motion carried an innate force of impetus", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e92": "Galileo constructed an experiment in which stones and cannonballs were both rolled down an incline to disprove the Aristotelian theory of motion", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e93": "friction", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e99": "Newton's First Law of Motion states that objects continue to move in a state of constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force or resultant force", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9a": "constant velocity was associated with a lack of net force", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9b": "every object with mass has an innate inertia", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9c": "concept", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9d": "Newton's First Law of Motion states that objects continue to move in a state of constant velocity", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea3": "the laws of physics", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea4": "straight up in the air", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea5": "the laws of physics", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea6": "Inertia", "573749741c4567190057445d": "inertia", "573749741c4567190057445e": "year", "573749741c4567190057445f": "Albert Einstein", "573749741c45671900574460": "Albert Einstein extended the principle of inertia further when he explained that reference frames subject to constant acceleration", "573749741c45671900574461": "rotational inertia", "573750f51c45671900574467": "Newton's Second Law", "573750f61c45671900574468": "kinematic", "573750f61c45671900574469": "General relativity", "573750f61c4567190057446a": "Newton's Second Law", "573750f61c4567190057446b": "fixed", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eab": "Newton's Third Law", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eac": "Newton's Third Law", "5737534ec3c5551400e51ead": "The third law", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eae": "Newton's Third Law", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb3": "center of mass", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb4": "closed system of particles, there are no internal forces", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb5": "the magnitude of the external force divided by the mass", "573766251c45671900574471": "forces", "573766251c45671900574472": "temperature", "573766251c45671900574473": "Newtonian mechanics", "573766251c45671900574474": "experimentation", "57376828c3c5551400e51eb9": "vector quantities", "57376828c3c5551400e51eba": "vector quantities\". This means that forces follow a different set of mathematical rules than physical quantities that do not have direction (denoted scalar quantities", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebb": "vectors", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebc": "vector quantities\". This means that forces follow a different set of mathematical rules than physical quantities that do not have direction (denoted scalar quantities", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebd": "vector quantities", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec3": "equilibrium", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec4": "magnitude and direction", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec5": "point particle, the resulting force, the resultant (also called the net", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec6": "angle", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec7": "the net force", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecd": "north", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ece": "two forces, one pointing north", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecf": "the original force", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed0": "the original force", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed1": "vector addition", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed7": "frictional surface can result in a situation where the object does not move because the applied force is opposed by static friction", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed8": "static friction", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed9": "the static friction force exactly balances the applied force resulting in no acceleration", "57376df3c3c5551400e51eda": "Pushing against an object on a frictional surface can result in a situation where the object does not move because the applied force is opposed by static friction", "57377083c3c5551400e51edf": "weighing scales", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee0": "the force of gravity acting on the object balanced by a force applied by the \"spring reaction force\", which equals the object's weight", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee1": "the \"spring reaction force\", which equals the object's weight", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee2": "the force of gravity", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee3": "Isaac Newton", "573776eec3c5551400e51ee9": "Galileo", "573776eec3c5551400e51eea": "rest", "573776eec3c5551400e51eeb": "absolute rest frame", "573776eec3c5551400e51eec": "constant velocity", "573776eec3c5551400e51eed": "Dynamic equilibrium", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef3": "kinetic friction", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef4": "kinetic friction", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef5": "zero net force", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef6": "zero net force", "57377aac1c45671900574479": "Schr\u00f6dinger equation", "57377aac1c4567190057447a": "Newtonian equations", "57377aac1c4567190057447b": "potential", "57377aac1c4567190057447c": "quantized", "57377aac1c4567190057447d": "force", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efb": "spin\", and there is the Pauli principle", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efc": "Pauli", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efd": "spin", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efe": "spatial variable, but also a discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable called the \"spin\", and there is the Pauli principle", "57377c98c3c5551400e51eff": "Pauli principle", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f05": "mathematical by-product of exchange of momentum-carrying gauge bosons", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f06": "force", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f07": "momentum", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f08": "momentum", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f09": "momentum", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f0f": "four", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f10": "strong and weak", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f11": "The electromagnetic force acts between electric charges, and the gravitational force acts between masses", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f12": "electromagnetic force acts between electric charges, and the gravitational force acts between masses", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f13": "the Pauli exclusion principle", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f19": "Michael Faraday", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1a": "his universal theory of gravitation", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1b": "Michael Faraday", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1c": "his universal theory of gravitation", "573784fa1c45671900574483": "Newton", "573784fa1c45671900574484": "Galileo", "573784fa1c45671900574485": "the work of Isaac Newton", "573784fa1c45671900574486": "the work of Isaac Newton", "573784fa1c45671900574487": "the force of gravity on an object at the Earth's surface is directly proportional to the object's mass", "573786b51c4567190057448d": "larger distances", "573786b51c4567190057448e": "Moon", "573786b51c4567190057448f": "the mass of the attracting body", "573786b51c45671900574490": "the mass () and the radius () of the Earth to the gravitational acceleration", "57378862c3c5551400e51f21": "a dimensional constant", "57378862c3c5551400e51f22": "Henry Cavendish", "57378862c3c5551400e51f23": "Henry Cavendish", "57378862c3c5551400e51f24": "Newton's Law of Gravitation", "5737898f1c45671900574495": "Mercury that Newton's Law of Gravitation", "5737898f1c45671900574496": "Vulcan", "5737898f1c45671900574497": "Albert Einstein formulated his theory of general relativity (GR) he turned his attention to the problem of Mercury's orbit", "5737898f1c45671900574498": "Albert Einstein formulated his theory of general relativity (GR) he turned his attention to the problem of Mercury's orbit", "5737898f1c45671900574499": "Mercury that Newton's Law of Gravitation", "57378b141c4567190057449f": "general relativity", "57378b141c456719005744a0": "the ballistic trajectory", "57378b141c456719005744a1": "gravitational force", "57378b141c456719005744a2": "general relativity", "57378c9b1c456719005744a8": "current", "57378c9b1c456719005744a9": "Law", "57378c9b1c456719005744a7": "s Law", "57378c9b1c456719005744aa": "the electrostatic force (due to the electric field", "57378e311c456719005744af": "Maxwell Equations", "57378e311c456719005744b0": "James Clerk Maxwell", "57378e311c456719005744b1": "20", "57378e311c456719005744b2": "4", "57378e311c456719005744b3": "a wave", "573792ee1c456719005744b9": "nonexistence", "573792ee1c456719005744ba": "quantum mechanics", "573792ee1c456719005744bb": "quantum electrodynamics", "573792ee1c456719005744bc": "photons", "573792ee1c456719005744bd": "quantum electrodynamics (or QED), which fully describes all electromagnetic phenomena as being mediated by wave\u2013particles known as photons", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f29": "the repulsion of like charges under the influence of the electromagnetic force. However, these characteristics actually result from the Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2a": "the Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2b": "energy", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2c": "principle", "5737958b1c456719005744c3": "the repulsion of like charges under the influence of the electromagnetic force. However, these characteristics actually result from the Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958b1c456719005744c4": "the Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958b1c456719005744c5": "energy", "5737958b1c456719005744c6": "principle", "573796edc3c5551400e51f33": "elementary particles", "573796edc3c5551400e51f34": "nuclear force", "573796edc3c5551400e51f35": "nuclear force", "573796edc3c5551400e51f36": "gluons", "573796edc3c5551400e51f37": "color confinement", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3d": "heavy W and Z bosons", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3e": "weak force is due to the exchange of the heavy W and Z bosons. Its most familiar effect is beta decay", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3f": "radioactivity", "57379829c3c5551400e51f40": "1013", "57379829c3c5551400e51f41": "kelvins", "57379a4b1c456719005744cd": "normal force is due to repulsive forces of interaction between atoms at close contact", "57379a4b1c456719005744ce": "The normal force is due to repulsive forces of interaction between atoms at close contact. When their electron clouds overlap, Pauli", "57379a4b1c456719005744cf": "the force that acts in a direction normal to the surface interface between two objects.:93 The normal force", "57379a4b1c456719005744d0": "The normal force, for example, is responsible for the structural integrity of tables and floors", "57379ed81c456719005744d5": "ideal strings that are massless, frictionless, unbreakable, and unstretchable. They can be combined with ideal pulleys", "57379ed81c456719005744d6": "ideal pulleys", "57379ed81c456719005744d7": "instantaneously", "57379ed81c456719005744d8": "Tension forces can be modeled using ideal strings that are massless, frictionless, unbreakable, and unstretchable", "57379ed81c456719005744d9": "ideal strings that are massless, frictionless, unbreakable, and unstretchable", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f47": "forces", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f48": "continuum mechanics describe the way forces affect the material. For example, in extended fluids", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f49": "extended fluids, differences in pressure", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4a": "continuum mechanics", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4b": "fluids", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f51": "The stress tensor accounts for forces", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f52": "stress-tensor", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f53": "shear terms associated with forces that act parallel to the cross-sectional area (the off-diagonal elements). The stress tensor", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f54": "shear terms associated with forces that act parallel to the cross-sectional area (the off-diagonal elements). The stress tensor", "5737a4511c456719005744df": "angle is the rotational equivalent for position", "5737a4511c456719005744e0": "there exists rotational inertia", "5737a4511c456719005744e1": "Newton's Second Law of Motion can be used to derive an analogous equation", "5737a5931c456719005744e7": "radial (centripetal) force, which changes its direction", "5737a5931c456719005744e8": "radial", "5737a5931c456719005744e9": "radial (centripetal) force", "5737a5931c456719005744ea": "radial (centripetal) force, which changes its direction", "5737a5931c456719005744eb": "tangential force", "5737a7351c456719005744f1": "kinetic or potential forms. This means that for a closed system", "5737a7351c456719005744f2": "potential", "5737a7351c456719005744f3": "conservative force", "5737a7351c456719005744f4": "potential energy", "5737a7351c456719005744f5": "difference in potential energy", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f59": "certain physical scenarios, it is impossible to model forces as being due to gradient of potentials", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5a": "gradient of potentials", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5b": "friction", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5c": "Nonconservative forces other than friction", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f61": "statistical mechanics", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f62": "nonconservative forces", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f63": "Second law of thermodynamics", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f64": "Second law of thermodynamics", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f65": "nonconservative forces act to change the internal energies of the system, and are often associated with the transfer of heat", "5737aafd1c456719005744fb": "pound", "5737aafd1c456719005744fc": "gravity", "5737aafd1c456719005744fd": "the metric slug", "5737aafd1c456719005744fe": "metric slug", "5737aafd1c456719005744ff": "kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond), is the force exerted by standard gravity" }