{ "56be4db0acb8001400a502ec": "Arabic", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ed": "Arabic", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ee": "Arabic", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ef": "Arabic", "56be4db0acb8001400a502f0": "Arabic", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d1": "Arabic", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d2": "50 was an American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2015 season.", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d3": "Arabic", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91b9": "Arabic", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91ba": "Arabic", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91bb": "50 was an American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2015 season.", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91df": "Arabic", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e0": "Arabic", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e1": "Arabic", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e2": "Arabic", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e3": "Arabic", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fd": "24\u201310 to earn their third Super Bowl title.", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fe": "Arabic", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94ff": "Arabic", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9500": "an American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2015 season.", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9501": "third Super Bowl title.", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e8": "Arabic", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e9": "Arabic", "56d20362e7d4791d009025ea": "Arabic", "56d20362e7d4791d009025eb": "Arabic", "56d600e31c85041400946eae": "Arabic", "56d600e31c85041400946eb0": "Arabic", "56d600e31c85041400946eb1": "Arabic", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb50e": "50 was an American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2015 season.", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb510": "50 was an American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2015 season.", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f6": "Cam Newton", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f9": "12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56be4e1facb8001400a502fa": "12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c2": "12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c3": "12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91e9": "Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ea": "12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91eb": "Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ec": "Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ed": "Cam Newton", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9507": "second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995.", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9508": "Cam Newton", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9509": "Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u20134", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950a": "Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950b": "Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f3": "Cam Newton", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f4": "Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f5": "Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f6": "12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56d6017d1c85041400946ebe": "Cam Newton", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec1": "12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec2": "12\u20134", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52a": "Cam Newton", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52b": "12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52e": "12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots", "56be4eafacb8001400a50302": "Von Miller", "56be4eafacb8001400a50303": "Broncos took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed.", "56be4eafacb8001400a50304": "Von Miller", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d2": "Von Miller", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d3": "five", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d4": "Von Miller", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f4": "seven times and forced him into three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f5": "Von Miller", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f6": "Von Miller", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f7": "seven times and forced him into three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown.", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9511": "Von Miller", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9513": "seven times and forced him into three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown.", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9514": "five", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9515": "Broncos took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed.", "56d204ade7d4791d00902603": "Von Miller", "56d204ade7d4791d00902604": "Broncos took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed.", "56d601e41c85041400946ece": "seven", "56d601e41c85041400946ecf": "Von Miller", "56d601e41c85041400946ed0": "Von Miller", "56d601e41c85041400946ed1": "Von Miller", "56d601e41c85041400946ed2": "Broncos took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed.", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53b": "seven times and forced him into three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53c": "Von Miller", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53d": "Von Miller", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53e": "Broncos took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed.", "56be5333acb8001400a5030a": "British rock group Coldplay", "56be5333acb8001400a5030b": "British rock group Coldplay", "56be5333acb8001400a5030c": "British rock group Coldplay", "56be5333acb8001400a5030d": "British rock group Coldplay", "56be5333acb8001400a5030e": "British rock group Coldplay", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fd": "British rock group Coldplay", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fe": "British rock group Coldplay", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91ff": "British rock group Coldplay", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9200": "British rock group Coldplay", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9201": "British rock group Coldplay", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951b": "British rock group Coldplay", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951c": "British rock group Coldplay", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951e": "British rock group Coldplay", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951f": "British rock group Coldplay", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902608": "British rock group Coldplay", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902609": "British rock group Coldplay", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260a": "British rock group Coldplay", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260b": "British", "56d602631c85041400946ed8": "British rock group Coldplay", "56d602631c85041400946eda": "British rock group Coldplay", "56d602631c85041400946edb": "British rock group Coldplay", "56d602631c85041400946edc": "British rock group Coldplay", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb544": "British rock group Coldplay", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb545": "British rock group Coldplay", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb546": "British rock group Coldplay", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb548": "British rock group Coldplay", "56be53b8acb8001400a50314": "Roger Goodell", "56be53b8acb8001400a50315": "early 2012,", "56be53b8acb8001400a50316": "early 2012,", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9207": "early 2012, NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9208": "early 2012,", "56bf42f53aeaaa14008c95a3": "early 2012, NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell", "56d2053ae7d4791d00902610": "early 2012, NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell", "56d6edd00d65d21400198250": "early 2012, NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell", "56d6edd00d65d21400198251": "early 2012, NFL", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54e": "early 2012,", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54f": "early 2012, NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell stated that the league planned to make the 50th", "56be5438acb8001400a5031a": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami", "56be5438acb8001400a5031b": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami", "56be5438acb8001400a5031c": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920b": "three", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920d": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium,", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9580": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium,", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9581": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9582": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium,", "56d20564e7d4791d00902612": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium,", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198254": "three", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198255": "three sites: New Orleans", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198256": "The league eventually narrowed the bids to three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium,", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198257": "The league eventually narrowed the bids to three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium,", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198258": "The league eventually narrowed the bids to three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium,", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb552": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium,", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb553": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium,", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb554": "The league eventually narrowed the bids to three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium,", "56be54bdacb8001400a50322": "49ers", "56be54bdacb8001400a50323": "10", "56be54bdacb8001400a50324": "2010", "56be54bdacb8001400a50325": "10 times (tied for most with New Orleans), with the most recent one being Super Bowl XLIV in 2010", "56be54bdacb8001400a50326": "Stanford Stadium in Stanford, California, won by the home team 49ers", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921b": "Sun Life Stadium", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921c": "49ers", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921d": "49ers", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921e": "Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium.", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921f": "October 16, 2012, that the two finalists were Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium.", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9525": "October 16, 2012, that the two finalists were Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium.", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9526": "Stanford Stadium in Stanford, California, won by the home team 49ers", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9528": "Sun Life Stadium", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9529": "10", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198260": "49ers", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198262": "South Florida/Miami area", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb558": "Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium.", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb559": "The league announced on October 16, 2012, that the two finalists were Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium.", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55a": "49ers", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55b": "49ers", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55c": "49ers. The Miami bid depended on whether the stadium underwent renovations. However, on May 3, 2013, the Florida legislature", "56be5523acb8001400a5032c": "1985", "56be5523acb8001400a5032d": "1985", "56be5523acb8001400a5032e": "billion stadium opened in 2014.", "56be5523acb8001400a5032f": "1985", "56be5523acb8001400a50330": "1985", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9225": "Boston", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9226": "1985", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9227": "1985", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9228": "1985", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9229": "1985", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c952f": "May 21, 2013, NFL owners at their spring meetings in Boston voted and awarded the game to Levi's Stadium.", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9530": "1985", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9531": "1985", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9532": "1985", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9533": "1985", "56d6f0770d65d21400198268": "1985", "56d6f0770d65d21400198269": "billion stadium opened in 2014.", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826a": "1985", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826c": "May 21, 2013, NFL owners at their spring meetings in Boston", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb562": "1985", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb563": "billion stadium opened in 2014.", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb564": "1985", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb565": "1985", "56be572b3aeaaa14008c9052": "John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c922f": "15\u20131", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9230": "15\u20131", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9231": "15\u20131", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9232": "15\u20131", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9233": "15\u20131", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c9539": "third straight season, the number one seeds from both conferences", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953a": "15\u20131 record", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953c": "15\u20131", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953d": "15\u20131", "56d6f1190d65d21400198272": "Denver Broncos", "56d6f1190d65d21400198273": "third straight season, the number one seeds from both conferences", "56d6f1190d65d21400198274": "15\u20131", "56d6f1190d65d21400198275": "John Fox", "56d6f1190d65d21400198276": "15\u20131", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56c": "15\u20131", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56d": "15\u20131", "56d99179dc89441400fdb570": "John Fox", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9058": "Williams", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9059": "Kelvin Benjamin", "56be59683aeaaa14008c905a": "1978", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923d": "running back DeAngelo Williams", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923e": "running back DeAngelo Williams", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923f": "running back DeAngelo Williams", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9240": "running back DeAngelo Williams", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9241": "running back DeAngelo Williams", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9543": "running back DeAngelo Williams", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9544": "running back DeAngelo Williams", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9545": "Williams", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9547": "torn ACL", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827c": "torn", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827d": "Williams", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827e": "running back DeAngelo Williams", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827f": "Ten", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb576": "running back DeAngelo Williams", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb577": "running back DeAngelo Williams", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb578": "running back DeAngelo Williams", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb57a": "running back DeAngelo Williams", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9247": "six", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9248": "six", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9249": "six Pro Bowl selections.", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924a": "six", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924b": "six", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960b": "six", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960c": "six", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960d": "six", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960e": "six", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960f": "six", "56d6f2960d65d21400198286": "six", "56d6f2960d65d21400198287": "six", "56d6f2960d65d21400198288": "six", "56d6f2960d65d21400198289": "six", "56d6f2960d65d2140019828a": "six", "56d997cddc89441400fdb586": "six", "56d997cddc89441400fdb587": "six", "56d997cddc89441400fdb588": "six", "56d997cddc89441400fdb589": "six", "56d997cddc89441400fdb58a": "six", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925b": "three fumbles and recovering two. Fellow lineman Mario Addison added 6\u00bd sacks. The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925c": "veteran", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925d": "Thomas Davis", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925e": "three fumbles and recovering two. Fellow lineman Mario Addison added 6\u00bd sacks. The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925f": "24", "56d6f3500d65d21400198290": "24", "56d6f3500d65d21400198291": "Short", "56d6f3500d65d21400198292": "Thomas Davis", "56d6f3500d65d21400198293": "three fumbles and recovering two. Fellow lineman Mario Addison added 6\u00bd sacks. The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen", "56d6f3500d65d21400198294": "24", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59c": "24", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59e": "24", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59f": "three fumbles and recovering two. Fellow lineman Mario Addison added 6\u00bd sacks. The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb5a0": "24", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9265": "Gary Kubiak", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9266": "Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kubiak, the Broncos planned to install a run-oriented offense with zone blocking", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9267": "Gary Kubiak", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9268": "Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kubiak, the Broncos planned to install a run-oriented offense with zone blocking", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9269": "Gary Kubiak", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954d": "Gary Kubiak", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954e": "Phillips", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954f": "Gary Kubiak", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9550": "Gary Kubiak", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9551": "Gary Kubiak", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829a": "Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kubiak, the Broncos planned to install a run-oriented offense with zone blocking", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829b": "Gary Kubiak", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829c": "Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kubiak, the Broncos planned to install a run-oriented offense with zone blocking", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829d": "Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kubiak, the Broncos planned to install a run-oriented offense with zone blocking", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829e": "Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kubiak, the Broncos planned to install a run-oriented offense with zone blocking", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c8": "Gary Kubiak", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c9": "Gary Kubiak as the new head coach.", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5ca": "Gary Kubiak", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cb": "Gary Kubiak as the new head coach. Under Kubiak, the Broncos planned to install a run-oriented offense with zone blocking", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cc": "Gary Kubiak", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c9279": "Thomas", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927a": "Thomas", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927b": "Thomas", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927c": "Veteran receiver Demaryius Thomas", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927d": "Thomas", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956b": "six interceptions for a rating of 86.4. Veteran receiver Demaryius Thomas", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956c": "Veteran receiver Demaryius Thomas", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956d": "six interceptions for a rating of 86.4. Veteran receiver Demaryius Thomas", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956e": "Thomas", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956f": "Veteran receiver Demaryius Thomas", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a4": "Thomas", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a5": "Thomas", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a6": "Veteran receiver Demaryius Thomas", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a7": "Thomas", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d6": "Thomas", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d7": "Thomas", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d8": "Thomas", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d9": "Thomas", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5da": "Thomas", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928d": "Von Miller", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928e": "Von Miller", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9290": "Von Miller", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9291": "Von Miller", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9588": "Von Miller", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9589": "Von Miller", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c958b": "Von Miller", "56d6fea90d65d214001982ae": "Von Miller", "56d6fea90d65d214001982af": "Von Miller", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b0": "Von Miller", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b2": "Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson each had 5\u00bd sacks. Pro Bowl linebacker Von Miller", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5fd": "Von Miller", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5ff": "Von Miller", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb600": "Von Miller", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a1": "Seattle Seahawks", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a2": "Seattle Seahawks", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a3": "Seattle Seahawks", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a4": "Seattle Seahawks", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a5": "Arizona Cardinals", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c9559": "Seattle Seahawks", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955a": "Seattle Seahawks", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955b": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d701280d65d214001982b8": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d701280d65d214001982ba": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d701280d65d214001982bc": "Arizona Cardinals", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb616": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb618": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb619": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb61a": "Seattle Seahawks", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ab": "the Pittsburgh Steelers", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ac": "11 points", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ad": "Broncos defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ae": "Broncos defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92af": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9561": "the Pittsburgh Steelers", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9562": "11 points", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9563": "Broncos defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9564": "Steelers", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9565": "interceptions", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c2": "Steelers", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c3": "11 points", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c5": "Steelers", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb628": "the Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb629": "the Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb62c": "Broncos defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b5": "Thomas Davis", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b6": "arm", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b7": "11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b8": "11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9575": "11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9576": "arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9577": "11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9579": "arm", "56d703d10d65d214001982d6": "11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56d703d10d65d214001982d7": "11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56d703d10d65d214001982d8": "Thomas Davis, an 11-year veteran who had already overcome three ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56d9a026dc89441400fdb632": "Thomas Davis", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bd": "39", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92be": "John Elway", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bf": "39", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c0": "John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c1": "Broncos", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9591": "John Elway", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9592": "John Elway", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9593": "39", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9594": "John Elway", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9595": "39. The past record was held by John Elway", "56d704430d65d214001982de": "John Elway", "56d704430d65d214001982e0": "39", "56d704430d65d214001982e1": "39", "56d704430d65d214001982e2": "John Elway, who led the Broncos", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63e": "John Elway", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63f": "39", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb640": "John Elway", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c7": "1998", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c8": "2011 draft against each other: Newton for Carolina", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c9": "Carolina", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92ca": "Carolina", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92cb": "1998 NFL draft, while Newton was picked first in 2011.", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959b": "a quarterback", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959c": "Newton was picked first in 2011.", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959d": "Carolina", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959e": "2011 draft against each other: Newton for Carolina", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fc": "Newton", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fd": "2011 draft against each other: Newton for Carolina", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fe": "Newton", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb647": "2011 draft against each other: Newton for Carolina", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb648": "Carolina", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb649": "Carolina", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92db": "linebacker with the Chicago Bears", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dc": "linebacker with the Chicago Bears", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dd": "linebacker with the Chicago Bears", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92de": "Rivera", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92df": "Rivera having been a linebacker with the Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX, and Kubiak replacing Elway", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9615": "linebacker with the Chicago Bears", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9617": "Rivera having been a linebacker with the Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX, and Kubiak replacing Elway", "56d709ef0d65d21400198306": "Rivera having been a linebacker", "56d709ef0d65d21400198307": "linebacker with the Chicago Bears", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e5": "various issues, and during a week 6 game earlier in the 2015 season, a portion of the turf collapsed under Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e6": "various issues, and during a week 6 game earlier in the 2015 season, a portion of the turf collapsed under Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e7": "various issues, and during a week 6 game earlier in the 2015 season, a portion of the turf collapsed under Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e8": "Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker, causing him to slip and miss a field goal, although the field has not had any major issues since.", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e9": "Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker, causing him to slip and miss a field goal, although the field has not had any major issues since.", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a5": "various issues, and during a week 6 game earlier in the 2015 season, a portion of the turf collapsed under Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a6": "Justin Tucker", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a7": "various issues, and during a week 6 game earlier in the 2015 season, a portion of the turf collapsed under Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56d70adc0d65d21400198311": "Justin Tucker", "56d70adc0d65d21400198312": "various issues, and during a week 6 game earlier in the 2015 season, a portion of the turf collapsed under Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56d70adc0d65d21400198313": "various issues, and during a week 6 game earlier in the 2015 season, a portion of the turf collapsed under Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56d70adc0d65d21400198314": "cleats", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb678": "various issues, and during a week 6 game earlier in the 2015 season, a portion of the turf collapsed under Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb679": "various issues, and during a week 6 game earlier in the 2015 season, a portion of the turf collapsed under Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92f9": "white pants. Elway stated, \"We'", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fa": "white pants. Elway stated, \"We'", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fb": "white pants. Elway stated, \"We'", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fc": "white", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fd": "white pants. Elway stated, \"We'", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ab": "white jerseys with matching white pants. Elway stated, \"We'", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ac": "white pants. Elway stated, \"We'", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ae": "white pants. Elway stated, \"We'", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95af": "white", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831d": "white pants. Elway stated, \"We'", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831f": "the Broncos elected to wear their road white jerseys with matching white pants. Elway stated, \"We'", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb697": "white", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb698": "We'", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb699": "white pants. Elway stated, \"We'", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb69a": "We'", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9303": "Stanford", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9304": "Stanford", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9305": "Stanford", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9306": "Stanford", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b5": "Stanford", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b6": "Stanford", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b7": "Stanford", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b8": "Stanford", "56d70d240d65d21400198326": "Stanford", "56d70d240d65d21400198327": "Stanford", "56d70d240d65d21400198328": "Stanford", "56d70d240d65d21400198329": "Stanford", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a0": "Stanford", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a1": "Broncos", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a2": "Stanford", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a3": "Stanford", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9315": "Arabic", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9316": "Arabic", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9317": "Jaime Weston", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9318": "Roman", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9319": "Vince Lombardi", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95bd": "Arabic", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95be": "Arabic", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c0": "Arabic", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c1": "Arabic", "56d70daa0d65d21400198332": "Arabic", "56d70daa0d65d21400198333": "Arabic", "56d70daa0d65d21400198334": "Arabic", "56d70daa0d65d21400198335": "Arabic", "56d70daa0d65d21400198336": "Arabic", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6a8": "Arabic", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6ab": "Arabic", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c931f": "gold-themed promotions and initiatives were held throughout the 2015 NFL season", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9320": "gold", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9321": "gold-tinted logos were implemented across the NFL's properties and painted on fields, the numbering of the 50-yard line", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c7": "gold-tinted", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c8": "gold-themed promotions and initiatives were held throughout the 2015 NFL season", "56d70e570d65d2140019833c": "gold-tinted logos were implemented across the NFL's properties and painted on fields, the numbering of the 50-yard line", "56d70e570d65d2140019833e": "gold-themed promotions and initiatives were held throughout the 2015 NFL season", "56d70e570d65d2140019833f": "gold-tinted logos were implemented across the NFL's properties and painted on fields, the numbering of the 50-yard line", "56d9b01fdc89441400fdb6d4": "gold", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9325": "the Moscone Center", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9326": "the Moscone Center in San Francisco.", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9327": "the Moscone Center", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9328": "the Moscone Center", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9329": "the Moscone Center in San Francisco. In addition, \"Super Bowl City\" opened on January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cb": "the Moscone Center", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cc": "the Moscone Center", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cd": "the Moscone Center", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95ce": "Justin Herman", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834c": "the Moscone Center", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834d": "The Embarcadero", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834f": "the Moscone Center", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ec": "Super Bowl City\" opened on January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcadero", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ed": "Week", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ee": "the Moscone Center", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ef": "the Moscone Center", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6f0": "NFL Experience was held at the Moscone Center in San Francisco.", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c932f": "week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9330": "the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9331": "week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d3": "city council", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d4": "week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d5": "the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56d714cd0d65d21400198356": "week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56d714cd0d65d21400198358": "professional fundraiser", "56d714cd0d65d21400198359": "city council", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb700": "the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb701": "council", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9335": "SAP Center", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9336": "SAP Center", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9337": "SAP Center", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9338": "February 1, 2016 at SAP Center", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9339": "SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95d9": "Tuesday", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95da": "SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95db": "SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dc": "SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dd": "SAP Center", "56d71bd80d65d2140019835e": "SAP Center", "56d71bd80d65d21400198360": "SAP Center", "56d71bd80d65d21400198361": "SAP Center", "56d71bd80d65d21400198362": "the Golden Gate Bridge", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb708": "SAP Center", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb709": "SAP Center", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70a": "SAP Center", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70b": "SAP Center", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70c": "SAP Center", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c933f": "Connect, the Super Bowl program that provides local companies", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9340": "The host committee has already raised over $40 million", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9341": "Google", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9342": "Google", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9343": "Google", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e3": "Business Connect, the Super Bowl program that provides local companies", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e4": "Connect, the Super Bowl program that provides local companies with contracting opportunities in and around the Super Bowl. The host committee has already raised over $40 million", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e5": "million", "56d71cb60d65d21400198368": "Connect, the Super Bowl program that provides local companies", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb720": "Connect, the Super Bowl program that provides local companies", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb721": "The host committee has already raised over $40 million", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c9349": "philanthropic causes", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c934a": "philanthropic causes", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95e9": "philanthropic causes", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95ea": "causes", "56d71d150d65d2140019836e": "philanthropic causes", "56d71d150d65d2140019836f": "causes", "56d71d150d65d21400198370": "philanthropic causes", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb72f": "philanthropic causes", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb730": "philanthropic causes", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934d": "Vince Lombardi", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934e": "Vince Lombardi Trophy", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934f": "Vince Lombardi", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9350": "Tiffany", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9351": "Tiffany", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ed": "Vince Lombardi", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ef": "Tiffany", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95f1": "Tiffany", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198374": "Vince Lombardi", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198377": "Tiffany", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9357": "CBS", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9358": "Phil Simms", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9359": "Tracy Wolfson", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935a": "CBS, as part of a cycle between the three main broadcast television partners of the NFL.", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935b": "5", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f7": "Phil Simms", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f8": "Evan Washburn", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f9": "CBS, as part of a cycle between the three main broadcast television partners of the NFL.", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fa": "5", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fb": "Tracy Wolfson", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837c": "CBS, as part of a cycle between the three main broadcast television partners of the NFL.", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837d": "three main broadcast television partners of the NFL.", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb740": "CBS, as part of a cycle between the three main broadcast television partners of the NFL.", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb741": "CBS, as part of a cycle between the three main broadcast television partners of the NFL.", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb742": "Evan Washburn", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb743": "5", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb744": "CBS", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9361": "third dedicated Spanish-language broadcast of the Super Bowl.", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9362": "ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew of Alvaro Martin and Raul Allegre, and sideline reporter John Sutcliffe", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9363": "ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew of Alvaro Martin and Raul Allegre, and sideline reporter John Sutcliffe", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9364": "third dedicated Spanish-language broadcast of the Super Bowl.", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9365": "December 28,", "56bf6d343aeaaa14008c961b": "third dedicated Spanish-language broadcast of the Super Bowl.", "56d71fc00d65d21400198386": "third dedicated Spanish-language broadcast of the Super Bowl.", "56d71fc00d65d21400198389": "John Sutcliffe", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb754": "third dedicated Spanish-language broadcast of the Super Bowl.", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb757": "third dedicated Spanish-language broadcast of the Super Bowl.", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb758": "John Sutcliffe", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9371": "NFL Mobile service", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9372": "Verizon Communications exclusivity, streaming on smartphones was only provided to Verizon Wireless customers via the NFL Mobile service", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9373": "CBSSports.com", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9374": "Verizon Communications exclusivity, streaming on smartphones was only provided to Verizon Wireless customers via the NFL Mobile service", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9375": "Verizon Communications exclusivity, streaming on smartphones was only provided to Verizon Wireless customers via the NFL Mobile service", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c961f": "Verizon Communications exclusivity, streaming on smartphones was only provided to Verizon Wireless customers via the NFL Mobile service", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9620": "Verizon Communications exclusivity, streaming on smartphones was only provided to Verizon Wireless customers via the NFL Mobile service", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9621": "Verizon Communications exclusivity, streaming on smartphones was only provided to Verizon Wireless customers via the NFL Mobile service", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9622": "Verizon Communications exclusivity, streaming on smartphones was only provided to Verizon Wireless customers via the NFL Mobile service", "56d7205e0d65d21400198391": "NFL Mobile service", "56d7205e0d65d21400198392": "NFL Mobile service", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75e": "CBSSports.com", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75f": "Verizon Communications exclusivity, streaming on smartphones was only provided to Verizon Wireless customers via the NFL Mobile service", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb760": "Verizon Communications exclusivity, streaming on smartphones was only provided to Verizon Wireless customers via the NFL Mobile service", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937b": "late night talk shows as its lead-out programs for Super Bowl 50, beginning with a special episode of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert following the game", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937c": "late local programming", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9631": "game", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9632": "late night talk shows as its lead-out programs for Super Bowl 50, beginning with a special episode of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56d720c70d65d21400198396": "Colbert", "56d720c70d65d21400198397": "game", "56d720c70d65d21400198398": "late local programming", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c9389": "Doritos", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938a": "Doritos", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938b": "Doritos", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938c": "20th anniversary of the Pok\u00e9mon", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9635": "Doritos", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9637": "Doritos", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9638": "Doritos", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9639": "CBS set the base rate for a 30-second advertisement at $5,000,000, a record high price for a Super Bowl ad.", "56d721af0d65d2140019839e": "Pok\u00e9mon Company", "56d721af0d65d2140019839f": "CBS set the base rate for a 30-second advertisement at $5,000,000, a record high price for a Super Bowl ad.", "56d721af0d65d214001983a0": "Doritos", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb768": "Doritos", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb769": "Doritos", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb76a": "5,000,000, a record high price for a Super Bowl ad.", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9397": "Small Business", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9398": "charge", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9399": "QuickBooks", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c939a": "nine", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c963f": "Small Business Big Game\" contest, in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c9640": "nine", "56d722330d65d214001983a6": "QuickBooks sponsored a \"Small Business Big Game\" contest, in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial", "56d722330d65d214001983a7": "charge", "56d722330d65d214001983a8": "Small Business", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb770": "charge courtesy of QuickBooks", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb771": "charge", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93a9": "Egypt", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93aa": "Egypt", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ab": "Pets and the debut trailer for Jason Bourne and Disney paid for Captain America: Civil War, The Jungle Book and Alice Through the Looking Glass.", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ac": "Egypt", "56d723560d65d214001983ac": "Egypt", "56d723560d65d214001983ad": "Egypt", "56d723560d65d214001983ae": "Universal paid for The Secret Life of Pets", "56d723560d65d214001983af": "Egypt", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77b": "Egypt", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77c": "Egypt", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77d": "Deadpool, X-Men: Apocalypse, Independence Day: Resurgence and Eddie the Eagle, Lionsgate paid for Gods of Egypt", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b1": "Kevin Harlan", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b2": "Kevin Harlan", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b3": "Jim Gray", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b4": "Kevin Harlan", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b5": "Kevin Harlan", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9655": "Kevin Harlan", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9656": "Kevin Harlan", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b4": "Kevin Harlan", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b5": "Kevin Harlan", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b8": "Jim Gray", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78e": "Kevin Harlan", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78f": "Kevin Harlan", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb790": "Kevin Harlan", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb791": "Kevin Harlan", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb792": "Kevin Harlan", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93cf": "Dave Logan", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d0": "Dave Logan", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d1": "Dave Logan", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d2": "Dave Logan", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d3": "Dave Logan", "56d724620d65d214001983be": "Dave Logan", "56d724620d65d214001983bf": "Dave Logan", "56d724620d65d214001983c0": "Dave Logan", "56d724620d65d214001983c1": "Dave Logan", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a0": "Dave Logan", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a3": "Dave Logan", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e3": "Greg Brady", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e4": "Greg Brady", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e5": "Darren Fletcher", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c8": "Greg Brady", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c9": "Greg Brady", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93e9": "Bart Starr", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ea": "Bart Starr", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93eb": "Bart Starr", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ec": "Peyton Manning", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ed": "Peyton Manning", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cc": "Bart Starr", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cd": "Bart Starr", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cf": "Bart Starr", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b4": "Bart Starr", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b5": "Bart Starr", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b6": "Bart Starr", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b7": "Bart Starr", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b8": "Bart Starr", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fd": "Marlee Matlin", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fe": "Marlee Matlin provided American Sign Language (ASL) translation.", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93ff": "Academy Award winner Marlee Matlin", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9400": "Academy Award winner Marlee Matlin", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9401": "Academy Award winner Marlee Matlin", "56d20650e7d4791d00902614": "Marlee Matlin", "56d20650e7d4791d00902615": "Marlee Matlin", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d4": "Marlee Matlin", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d5": "lee Matlin", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c4": "Marlee Matlin", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c5": "Six-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga performed the national anthem,", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c6": "Marlee Matlin", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940d": "British", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940e": "British", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940f": "Weekend", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9410": "Hymn for the Weekend", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9411": "Beyonc\u00e9, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII halftime show and collaborated with Coldplay on the single \"Hymn for the Weekend", "56d725790d65d214001983d8": "Beyonc\u00e9, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII halftime show and collaborated with Coldplay on the single \"Hymn for the Weekend", "56d725790d65d214001983da": "Weekend", "56d725790d65d214001983db": "Hymn for the Weekend", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d0": "Beyonc\u00e9, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII halftime show and collaborated with Coldplay on the single \"Hymn for the Weekend", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d1": "British rock group Coldplay.", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d2": "Hymn for the Weekend", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d3": "British rock group Coldplay.", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9417": "Shaq Thompson", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9418": "Owen Daniels", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9419": "linebacker", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941a": "Shaq Thompson", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941b": "Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56d728a10d65d21400198413": "Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56d728a10d65d21400198414": "linebacker Shaq Thompson", "56d728a10d65d21400198415": "Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56d728a10d65d21400198416": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d8": "Shaq Thompson", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d9": "Owen Daniels", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7da": "C. J. Anderson moved the ball up 20 yards to the Panthers 14-yard line", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7db": "Shaq Thompson", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7dc": "Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942b": "Mike Carey", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942c": "Panthers quarterback Cam Newton", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942d": "linebacker Von Miller", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942e": "CBS analyst and retired referee Mike Carey stated he disagreed with the call and felt the review clearly showed the pass was complete.", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942f": "Panthers quarterback Cam Newton", "56d728e00d65d2140019841c": "CBS analyst and retired referee Mike Carey stated he disagreed with the call and felt the review clearly showed the pass was complete.", "56d728e00d65d2140019841d": "CBS analyst and retired referee Mike Carey", "56d728e00d65d2140019841e": "CBS analyst and retired referee Mike Carey stated he disagreed with the call and felt the review clearly showed the pass was complete.", "56d728e00d65d2140019841f": "Panthers", "56d728e00d65d21400198420": "Panthers quarterback Cam Newton", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e7": "CBS", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e8": "linebacker Von Miller", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e9": "linebacker Von Miller", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7ea": "Panthers quarterback Cam Newton", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9435": "Jonathan Stewart", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9436": "Jonathan Stewart finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run, cutting the score to 10\u20137 with 11:28 left in the second quarter.", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9437": "Jonathan Stewart finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run, cutting the score to 10\u20137 with 11:28 left in the second quarter.", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9438": "Jonathan Stewart finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run, cutting the score to 10\u20137 with 11:28 left in the second quarter.", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9439": "Jonathan Stewart finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run, cutting the score to 10\u20137 with 11:28 left in the second quarter.", "56d729180d65d21400198426": "Jonathan Stewart", "56d729180d65d21400198427": "Jonathan Stewart finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run, cutting the score to 10\u20137 with 11:28 left in the second quarter.", "56d729180d65d21400198428": "Jonathan Stewart finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run", "56d729180d65d21400198429": "Jonathan Stewart", "56d729180d65d2140019842a": "Jonathan Stewart", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f0": "Jonathan Stewart finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run, cutting the score to 10\u20137 with 11:28 left in the second quarter.", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f4": "Jonathan Stewart finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run, cutting the score to 10\u20137 with 11:28 left in the second quarter.", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9445": "Stewart", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9446": "Stewart", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9447": "defensive end Kony Ealy", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9448": "Stewart", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9449": "Stewart", "56d729ec0d65d21400198430": "safety Darian Stewart", "56d729ec0d65d21400198431": "defensive", "56d729ec0d65d21400198432": "defensive", "56d729ec0d65d21400198434": "safety Darian Stewart", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb804": "safety Darian Stewart", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb805": "Stewart", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb806": "defensive", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb807": "Stewart", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb808": "DeMarcus Ware", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9455": "Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt.", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9456": "Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt.", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9457": "Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt.", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9458": "Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt.", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9459": "Brown", "56d7282f0d65d21400198408": "Brown", "56d7282f0d65d21400198409": "Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt.", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840a": "Brown", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840c": "Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt.", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80e": "Brown", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80f": "Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt.", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb810": "Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt.", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb811": "Brown", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c945f": "Ealy", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9460": "Stewart", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9461": "Broncos", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9462": "Stewart", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e0": "Panthers", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e1": "Ealy", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e2": "Broncos drove to the Panthers 41-yard line. On the next play, Ealy", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e4": "Broncos", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb820": "Ealy", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb821": "Panthers", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb822": "Stewart", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb823": "Broncos", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946d": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946e": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946f": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9470": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9471": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton", "56d726b60d65d214001983ea": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several players dove for it, it took a long bounce backwards and was recovered by Ward", "56d726b60d65d214001983eb": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton", "56d726b60d65d214001983ec": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton", "56d726b60d65d214001983ed": "holding penalty on cornerback Josh Norman", "56d726b60d65d214001983ee": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb832": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb833": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several players dove for it, it took a long bounce backwards and was recovered by Ward", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb834": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several players dove for it, it took a long bounce backwards and was recovered by Ward", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb835": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several players dove for it, it took a long bounce backwards and was recovered by Ward", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb836": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9481": "six", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9482": "six", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9483": "Sanders", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9484": "Sanders", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9485": "six", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f4": "Sanders", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f5": "Sanders", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f6": "Anderson", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f7": "Sanders", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f8": "Sanders", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb842": "Sanders", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb843": "Anderson", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb844": "Sanders", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb845": "Sanders", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb846": "six", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948b": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948c": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948d": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948e": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948f": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56d7277c0d65d214001983fe": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56d7277c0d65d214001983ff": "194", "56d7277c0d65d21400198401": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56d7277c0d65d21400198402": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84c": "194", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84d": "194", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84e": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84f": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb850": "194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens", "5733a5f54776f41900660f45": "radioactivity", "5733a5f54776f41900660f48": "Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie, who achieved international recognition for her research on radioactivity", "5733a5f54776f41900660f44": "Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie, who achieved international recognition for her research on radioactivity", "5733a5f54776f41900660f46": "Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie, who achieved international recognition for her research on radioactivity", "5733a5f54776f41900660f47": "W\u0142adys\u0142aw Szpilman and Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin.", "57336755d058e614000b5a3d": "Unknown Soldier", "57336755d058e614000b5a3f": "Unknown Soldier", "57336755d058e614000b5a3c": "Unknown Soldier", "57336755d058e614000b5a3e": "Tomb", "57336755d058e614000b5a40": "Unknown Soldier", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbb": "13", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbc": "13", "57337ddc4776f41900660bba": "13", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbd": "13", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbe": "13", "57337ea24776f41900660bd0": "significant numbers of foreign-born inhabitants.", "57337ea24776f41900660bd3": "significant numbers of foreign-born inhabitants.", "57337ea24776f41900660bd2": "Russian", "57337ea24776f41900660bd1": "Jewish minority in Warsaw.", "57337ea24776f41900660bd4": "significant numbers of foreign-born inhabitants.", "57339555d058e614000b5df4": "the partitions of Poland separated Warsaw from the oldest and most influential Polish academic center, in Krak\u00f3w. Warsaw University of Technology", "57339555d058e614000b5df5": "2,000 professors.", "57339555d058e614000b5df6": "Warsaw", "57339555d058e614000b5df3": "the partitions of Poland separated Warsaw from the oldest and most influential Polish academic center, in Krak\u00f3w", "57339555d058e614000b5df7": "2,000 professors.", "57339902d058e614000b5e70": "1816", "57339902d058e614000b5e71": "1816", "57339902d058e614000b5e72": "1816, is home to over two million items. The building was designed by architects Marek Budzy\u0144ski", "57339902d058e614000b5e73": "1816", "57339902d058e614000b5e74": "1816", "573399b54776f41900660e64": "solid economic growth", "573399b54776f41900660e65": "Three-Year Plan to rebuild Poland (especially Warsaw) was a major success, but what followed was very much the opposite.", "573399b54776f41900660e66": "economic growth", "573399b54776f41900660e67": "considerably during its time as an Eastern Bloc economy", "57339a554776f41900660e74": "the Children's Memorial Health Institute", "57339a554776f41900660e75": "the Children's Memorial Health Institute", "57339a554776f41900660e76": "the Children's Memorial Health Institute", "57339a554776f41900660e77": "the Children's Memorial Health Institute (CMHI)", "57339a554776f41900660e78": "the Children's Memorial Health Institute", "57339ad74776f41900660e86": "numerous", "57339ad74776f41900660e87": "numerous musical venues, including the Teatr Wielki", "57339ad74776f41900660e88": "numerous musical venues, including the Teatr Wielki", "57339ad74776f41900660e89": "numerous musical venues, including the Teatr Wielki", "57339ad74776f41900660e8a": "numerous musical venues, including the Teatr Wielki", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec5": "Summer", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec6": "Ogr\u00f3d Saski", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec7": "1870 to 1939", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec8": "Momus", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec9": "Summer", "57339dd94776f41900660ecc": "Wianki", "57339dd94776f41900660ecd": "herbs", "57339dd94776f41900660ece": "herbs", "57339dd94776f41900660ecf": "herbs", "57339dd94776f41900660ed0": "herbs", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef6": "Posters", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef7": "Posters", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef8": "Posters", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef9": "Posters", "57339eb9d058e614000b5efa": "Posters", "5733a1854776f41900660f0a": "the Warsaw Uprising Museum and in the Katy\u0144 Museum which preserves the memory of the crime.", "5733a1854776f41900660f0b": "the Warsaw Uprising Museum and in the Katy\u0144 Museum which preserves the memory of the crime.", "5733a1854776f41900660f0c": "stereoscopic theatre, the Warsaw Fotoplastikon", "5733a1854776f41900660f0d": "patriotic and political objects", "5733a1854776f41900660f0e": "The Warsaw Uprising Museum also operates a rare preserved and operating historic stereoscopic theatre, the Warsaw Fotoplastikon", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f28": "The 17th century Royal Ujazd\u00f3w Castle", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f29": "500 projects a year.", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2a": "\u0119ta", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2b": "Zach\u0119ta National Gallery of Art", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2c": "2011", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f32": "Konwiktorska Street", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f33": "Ekstraklasa", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f34": "Konwiktorska Street", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f35": "Konwiktorska Street", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f36": "Konwiktorska Street, a ten-minute walk north from the Old Town. Polonia was relegated from the country's top flight", "5733a45d4776f41900660f23": "syrenka", "5733a45d4776f41900660f24": "syrenka", "5733a45d4776f41900660f25": "syrenka", "5733a45d4776f41900660f26": "mermaid (syrenka", "5733a45d4776f41900660f27": "syrenka", "5733a560d058e614000b5f77": "not fully known.", "5733a560d058e614000b5f78": "Oppman", "5733a560d058e614000b5f79": "Denmark", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7a": "Warszowa", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7b": "Oppman", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f58": "Maria G\u00f3rska", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f59": "Maria G\u00f3rska", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5a": "Deco", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5b": "Tamara de Lempicka was a famous artist born in Warsaw.", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5c": "Tamara", "573312fcd058e614000b56e6": "the 32nd most liveable city in the world. It was also ranked as one of the most liveable cities in Central Europe.", "573312fcd058e614000b56e7": "It was also ranked as one of the most liveable cities in Central Europe.", "573312fcd058e614000b56e8": "32nd most liveable city in the world. It was also ranked as one of the most liveable cities in Central Europe.", "573312fcd058e614000b56e9": "The Warsaw Stock Exchange", "573312fcd058e614000b56ea": "Frontex", "5733140a4776f419006606e0": "1313, at a time when Krak\u00f3w served as the Polish capital city.", "5733140a4776f419006606e1": "Krak\u00f3w served as the Polish capital city.", "5733140a4776f419006606e2": "Krak\u00f3w served as the Polish capital city.", "5733140a4776f419006606e3": "1313, at a time when Krak\u00f3w served as the Polish capital city.", "5733140a4776f419006606e4": "1313, at a time when Krak\u00f3w served as the Polish capital city.", "573314e3d058e614000b56f0": "Castle Square with the Royal Castle and the iconic King Sigismund's Column, St. John'", "573314e3d058e614000b56f1": "Castle Square with the Royal Castle and the iconic King Sigismund's Column, St. John'", "573314e3d058e614000b56f2": "picturesque", "573314e3d058e614000b56f3": "Castle Square with the Royal Castle and the iconic King Sigismund's Column, St. John'", "573314e3d058e614000b56f4": "Castle Square with the Royal Castle and the iconic King Sigismund's Column, St. John'", "57332442d058e614000b5720": "Warszawa", "57332442d058e614000b5721": "Folk etymology attributes the city name to a fisherman, Wars, and his wife, Sawa", "57332442d058e614000b5722": "fisherman, Wars, and his wife, Sawa", "57332442d058e614000b5723": "fisherman, Wars, and his wife, Sawa", "57332442d058e614000b5724": "v\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u0283\u0251\u02d0v\u0259/ (also formerly spelled Warszewa and Warszowa)", "57332562d058e614000b5730": "nearby clans and dukes, a new similar settlement was established on the site of a small fishing", "57332562d058e614000b5731": "Br\u00f3dno (9th/10th century) and Jazd\u00f3w (12th/13th century).", "57332562d058e614000b5732": "Br\u00f3dno (9th/10th century) and Jazd\u00f3w (12th/13th century).", "57332562d058e614000b5733": "The Prince of P\u0142ock", "57332562d058e614000b5734": "Br\u00f3dno (9th/10th century) and Jazd\u00f3w (12th/13th century).", "5733266d4776f41900660712": "General Sejm", "5733266d4776f41900660713": "General Sejm, permanent from 1569.", "5733266d4776f41900660714": "In 1573 the city gave its name to the Warsaw Confederation, formally establishing religious freedom in the Polish\u2013Lithuanian Commonwealth.", "5733266d4776f41900660715": "General Sejm", "5733266d4776f41900660716": "General Sejm, permanent from 1569.", "57332a734776f41900660726": "Liberated by Napoleon's army in 1806, Warsaw was made the capital of the newly created Duchy of Warsaw.", "57332a734776f41900660727": "Liberated by Napoleon's army in 1806, Warsaw was made the capital of the newly created Duchy of Warsaw.", "57332a734776f41900660728": "Napoleon", "57332a734776f41900660729": "Liberated by Napoleon's army in 1806, Warsaw was made the capital of the newly created Duchy of Warsaw.", "57332a734776f4190066072a": "Liberated by Napoleon's army in 1806, Warsaw was made the capital of the newly created Duchy of Warsaw.", "57332b66d058e614000b5758": "underground leader Pi\u0142sudski returned to Warsaw on 11 November and set up what became the Second Polish Republic, with Warsaw the capital.", "57332b66d058e614000b5759": "Germany", "57332b66d058e614000b575a": "underground leader Pi\u0142sudski", "57332b66d058e614000b575b": "underground leader Pi\u0142sudski returned to Warsaw on 11 November and set up what became the Second Polish Republic, with Warsaw the capital.", "57332b66d058e614000b575c": "Germany", "57332c1e4776f4190066073a": "the General Government, a German Nazi colonial administration. All higher education institutions", "57332c1e4776f4190066073b": "the General Government", "57332c1e4776f4190066073c": "the General Government, a German Nazi colonial administration. All higher education institutions", "57332c1e4776f4190066073d": "the General Government, a German Nazi colonial administration. All higher education institutions", "57332c1e4776f4190066073e": "the General Government, a German Nazi colonial administration. All higher education institutions were immediately closed", "57332e48d058e614000b5762": "the Red Army was deep into Polish territory and pursuing the Germans toward Warsaw.", "57332e48d058e614000b5763": "the Polish government-in-exile in London gave orders to the underground Home Army (AK) to try to seize control of Warsaw from the Germans", "57332e48d058e614000b5764": "the Polish government-in-exile in London gave orders to the underground Home Army (AK) to try to seize control of Warsaw from the Germans", "57332e48d058e614000b5765": "the Red Army was deep into Polish territory and pursuing the Germans toward Warsaw.", "57332e48d058e614000b5766": "the Red Army was deep into Polish territory and pursuing the Germans toward Warsaw.", "57332f81d058e614000b5776": "the \"Bricks for Warsaw\" campaign", "57332f81d058e614000b5777": "\"Bricks for Warsaw\" campaign was initiated, and large prefabricated housing projects were erected in Warsaw to address the housing shortage", "57332f81d058e614000b5778": "the \"Bricks for Warsaw\" campaign", "57332f81d058e614000b5779": "the \"Bricks for Warsaw\" campaign", "57332f81d058e614000b577a": "UNESCO", "573330444776f41900660758": "1979, less than a year after becoming pope, John Paul celebrated Mass in Victory Square in Warsaw", "573330444776f41900660759": "solidarity movement", "573330444776f4190066075a": "1979", "573330444776f4190066075b": "Victory Square", "573330444776f4190066075c": "solidarity movement", "5733314e4776f4190066076a": "The city straddles the Vistula River. It is located in the heartland of the Masovian Plain", "5733314e4776f4190066076b": "Carpathian Mountains", "5733314e4776f4190066076c": "Carpathian Mountains", "5733314e4776f4190066076d": "Carpathian Mountains", "5733314e4776f4190066076e": "Carpathian Mountains", "57335c20d058e614000b58f9": "The Vistula River", "57335c20d058e614000b58fa": "The Vistula River", "57335c20d058e614000b58fc": "The Vistula River", "57335c20d058e614000b58fb": "The Vistula River", "57335c20d058e614000b58fd": "pment", "57335ddbd058e614000b592f": "flooded terraces", "57335ddbd058e614000b5930": "flooded terraces", "57335ddbd058e614000b5931": "flooded terraces", "57335ddbd058e614000b5932": "flooded terraces", "57335ddbd058e614000b5933": "flooded terraces", "57335fcad058e614000b5970": "turbulent history of the city and country.", "57335fcad058e614000b5971": "bombing raids", "57335fcad058e614000b5972": "turbulent history of the city and country.", "57335fcad058e614000b5973": "turbulent history of the city and country.", "57335fcad058e614000b5974": "turbulent history of the city and country.", "573361404776f4190066093c": "Gothic architecture is represented in the majestic churches but also at the burgher houses and fortifications.", "573361404776f4190066093d": "Gothic architecture is represented in the majestic churches but also at the burgher houses and fortifications.", "573361404776f4190066093e": "Gothic architecture is represented in the majestic churches but also at the burgher houses and fortifications.", "573361404776f4190066093f": "majestic churches but also at the burgher houses and fortifications.", "573361404776f41900660940": "Gothic architecture is represented in the majestic churches but also at the burgher houses and fortifications.", "573362b94776f41900660974": "numerous noble palaces and churches during the later decades of the 17th century.", "573362b94776f41900660975": "numerous noble palaces and churches during the later decades of the 17th century.", "573362b94776f41900660976": "numerous noble palaces and churches during the later decades of the 17th century.", "573362b94776f41900660977": "geometric", "573362b94776f41900660978": "Water", "5733638fd058e614000b59e8": "Saxon", "5733638fd058e614000b59e9": "socialist realism style (like Warsaw Philharmony edifice originally inspired by Palais Garnier", "5733638fd058e614000b59ea": "socialist realism style (like Warsaw Philharmony edifice originally inspired by Palais Garnier", "5733638fd058e614000b59eb": "the Warsaw University of Technology building (", "5733638fd058e614000b59ec": "Saxon Palace and the Br\u00fchl Palace", "5733647e4776f419006609ae": "k", "5733647e4776f419006609af": "k", "5733647e4776f419006609b0": "The Warsaw Citadel, an impressive 19th-century fortification built after the defeat of the November Uprising", "5733647e4776f419006609b1": "Little Insurgent", "5733647e4776f419006609b2": "k", "573368044776f41900660a29": "the Botanic Garden", "573368044776f41900660a2a": "the Botanic Garden and the University Library garden. They have extensive botanical collection of rare domestic and foreign plants, while a palm house in the New Orangery", "573368044776f41900660a2b": "palm house in the New Orangery displays plants of subtropics from all over the world.", "573368044776f41900660a2c": "palm house in the New Orangery displays plants of subtropics from all over the world.", "573368044776f41900660a2d": "palm house in the New Orangery displays plants of subtropics from all over the world.", "573368e54776f41900660a53": "The flora of the city may be considered very rich in species.", "573368e54776f41900660a54": "Warsaw", "573368e54776f41900660a55": "the border region of several big floral regions comprising substantial proportions of close-to-wilderness areas (natural forests, wetlands along the Vistula", "573368e54776f41900660a56": "Bielany Forest, located within the borders of Warsaw, is the remaining part of the Masovian Primeval Forest", "573368e54776f41900660a57": "\u0141azienki", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcb": "flats", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcc": "flats", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcd": "1951", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bce": "flats", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcf": "flats", "57338007d058e614000b5bda": "1901", "57338007d058e614000b5bdb": "a multi-cultural city.", "57338007d058e614000b5bdc": "multi-cultural city.", "57338007d058e614000b5bdd": "a multi-cultural city.", "57338007d058e614000b5bde": "1901", "573380e0d058e614000b5be9": "the city charter.", "573380e0d058e614000b5bea": "the city charter.", "573380e0d058e614000b5beb": "The basic unit of territorial division in Poland is a commune (gmina). A city is also a commune \u2013 but with the city charter.", "57338160d058e614000b5bf9": "a unicameral Warsaw City Council (Rada Miasta), which comprises 60 members. Council members are elected directly every four years.", "57338160d058e614000b5bfa": "a unicameral Warsaw City Council (Rada Miasta), which comprises 60 members. Council members are elected directly every four years.", "57338160d058e614000b5bfb": "a unicameral Warsaw City Council (Rada Miasta), which comprises 60 members. Council members are elected directly every four years.", "57338160d058e614000b5bfc": "the City Council divides itself into committees which have the oversight of various functions of the city government.", "57338160d058e614000b5bfd": "a unicameral Warsaw City Council (Rada Miasta), which comprises 60 members. Council members are elected directly every four years.", "57338255d058e614000b5c0d": "Jan Andrzej Menich (1695\u20131696).", "57338255d058e614000b5c0e": "Jan Andrzej Menich", "57338255d058e614000b5c0f": "Jan Andrzej Menich", "57338255d058e614000b5c10": "Jan Andrzej Menich (1695\u20131696).", "57338255d058e614000b5c11": "Jan Andrzej Menich (1695\u20131696).", "573382d24776f41900660c37": "many national institutions and government agencies, but also to many domestic and international companies.", "573382d24776f41900660c38": "companies", "573382d24776f41900660c39": "many national institutions and government agencies, but also to many domestic and international companies.", "573382d24776f41900660c3a": "many national institutions and government agencies, but also to many domestic and international companies.", "573382d24776f41900660c3b": "many national institutions and government agencies, but also to many domestic and international companies.", "5733834ed058e614000b5c26": "in April 1991, following the end of the post-war communist control of the country and the reintroduction of a free-market economy.", "5733834ed058e614000b5c27": "1817", "5733834ed058e614000b5c28": "in April 1991, following the end of the post-war communist control of the country and the reintroduction of a free-market economy.", "5733834ed058e614000b5c29": "4", "5733834ed058e614000b5c2a": "Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE)", "573383d0d058e614000b5c35": "Fiat, later renamed FSO 125p when the license expired) and the Polonez", "573383d0d058e614000b5c36": "Fiat", "573383d0d058e614000b5c37": "Fiat, later renamed FSO 125p when the license expired) and the Polonez", "573383d0d058e614000b5c38": "Fiat, later renamed FSO 125p when the license expired) and the Polonez", "573383d0d058e614000b5c39": "Fiat", "573166ede6313a140071cef2": "Warszawa", "573166ede6313a140071cef3": "Wars", "573166ede6313a140071cef4": "the Vistula River", "573166ede6313a140071cef5": "Wars", "573166ede6313a140071cef6": "Warszawa", "5732b6b5328d981900602021": "Wars", "5732b6b5328d981900602022": "the Vistula River", "5732b6b5328d981900602023": "the Vistula River", "5732b6b5328d981900602024": "Wars", "5732b6b5328d981900602025": "Warszawa", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9628": "Norse (\"Norman\" comes from \"Norseman\") raiders", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9629": "Norse (\"Norman\" comes from \"Norseman\") raiders", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962a": "raiders", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962b": "raiders", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962c": "distinct", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad5f": "martial", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad60": "martial spirit", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad61": "martial spirit", "56dde0379a695914005b9636": "French words Normans/Normanz", "56dde0379a695914005b9637": "French words Normans/Normanz", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad75": "Norse war bands", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad76": "Norse war bands", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad77": "Norse war bands", "56dde1d966d3e219004dad8d": "Rollo's arrival, its populations did not differ from Picardy or the \u00cele-de-France, which were considered \"Frankish\".", "56dde27d9a695914005b9651": "Norse religion", "56dde27d9a695914005b9652": "Norse religion and Old Norse language with Catholicism (Christianity)", "56dde2fa66d3e219004dad9b": "Franks of the Carolingian dynasty. Most Norman knights remained poor and land-hungry, and by 1066 Normandy had been exporting fighting horsemen", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9660": "Jerusalem", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9661": "Jerusalem", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9662": "Jerusalem", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b595": "Tancred of Hauteville and the Drengot family, of whom Rainulf Drengot received the county of Aversa", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b596": "Rainulf Drengot received the county of Aversa, the first Norman toehold in the south, from Duke Sergius IV of Naples", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59a": "the famous Robert Guiscard, a Hauteville, and his younger brother Roger the Great Count. Roger's son, Roger II of Sicily", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59b": "Sicily", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59c": "Roger's son, Roger II of Sicily", "56de0ed14396321400ee2579": "Rogeriana", "56de0ed14396321400ee257a": "Kitab Rudjdjar", "56de0ed14396321400ee257b": "their own conceptions of feudal law and order to forge a unique government.", "56de0f6a4396321400ee257f": "the Pechenegs, the Bulgars, and especially the Seljuk Turks.", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258d": "Turks", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258e": "Turks", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258f": "Minor", "56de10b44396321400ee2593": "Oursel", "56de10b44396321400ee2594": "Turkish forces to aid in the destruction of the Armenians vassal-states of Sassoun and Taron in far eastern Anatolia.", "56de10b44396321400ee2595": "Oursel", "56de11154396321400ee25aa": "Raoul", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bc": "Venetian and Amalfitan merchants who had settled there.", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bd": "Venetian", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5be": "Croatia", "56de15104396321400ee25b7": "on", "56de15104396321400ee25b8": "Bohemond, Robert's son, landed in Valona", "56de15104396321400ee25b9": "the Normans under the command of Bohemond, Robert's son, landed in Valona", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c2": "Norman", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c3": "Norman", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c4": "Norman", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c8": "sister of Duke Richard II of Normandy", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c9": "the marriage of Emma, sister of Duke Richard II of Normandy", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5ca": "Emma, sister of Duke Richard II of Normandy, and King Ethelred II of England.", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5cb": "Emma", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d0": "Harthacnut", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d1": "He appointed Robert", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d2": "Robert", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c5": "channel.", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c6": "the Battle of Hastings", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c7": "lands on both sides of the channel.", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c8": "The nobility of England were part of a single Normans culture and many had lands on both sides of the channel.", "56de1728cffd8e1900b4b5d7": "the Normans merged with the natives, combining languages and traditions.", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5da": "profound effect on Irish culture and history after their invasion at Bannow Bay in 1169.", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5db": "Bannow Bay in 1169.", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5dc": "their invasion at Bannow Bay in 1169.", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e0": "Edgar", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e1": "Edgar", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e2": "Edgar", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e3": "Edgar", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6be": "Sybilla of Normandy", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6bf": "Normans came into Scotland, building castles", "56de3d594396321400ee26ca": "Hereford", "56de3d594396321400ee26cb": "Welsh", "56de3d594396321400ee26cc": "Hereford", "56de3dbacffd8e1900b4b6d2": "slow conquest during which almost all of Wales was at some point subject to Norman interference", "56de3e414396321400ee26d8": "In 1018, Roger de Tosny travelled to the Iberian Peninsula to carve out a state for himself from Moorish lands, but failed.", "56de3e414396321400ee26d9": "Roger de Tosny travelled to the Iberian Peninsula to carve out a state for himself from Moorish lands, but failed.", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e6": "successful Siege of Antioch", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e7": "Antioch", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e8": "Antioch", "56de3efccffd8e1900b4b6fe": "Third Crusade opened a new chapter in the history of the island, which would be under Western European domination for the following 380 years.", "56de3f784396321400ee26fa": "Messina", "56de3f784396321400ee26fb": "Messina", "56de3f784396321400ee26fc": "Messina", "56de3f784396321400ee26fd": "Messina", "56de40da4396321400ee2708": "Guy", "56de40da4396321400ee2709": "Guy", "56de40da4396321400ee270a": "Guy", "56de41504396321400ee2714": "the Chapel of St. George and it was attended by Richard's sister Joan", "56de41504396321400ee2715": "the Chapel of St. George and it was attended by Richard's sister Joan", "56de41504396321400ee2716": "Limassol, Richard the Lion-Heart married Berengaria of Navarre", "56de48f34396321400ee2770": "the Knights Templar", "56de48f34396321400ee2771": "the Knights Templar", "56de49564396321400ee277a": "Norman noble Jean de Bethencourt and the Poitevine Gadifer de la Salle conquered the Canarian islands of Lanzarote", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a7": "Jean's nephew Maciot de Bethencourt sold the rights to the islands to Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a8": "Jean's nephew Maciot de Bethencourt sold the rights to the islands to Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a9": "Jean's nephew Maciot de Bethencourt sold the rights to the islands to Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", "56de4a474396321400ee2786": "The customary law of Normandy was developed between the 10th and 13th centuries and survives today through the legal systems of Jersey and Guernsey in the Channel Islands.", "56de4a474396321400ee2787": "two customaries in Latin by two judges for use by them and their colleagues: These are the Tr\u00e8s ancien coutumier", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7bd": "rounded", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7be": "rounded", "56de4b074396321400ee2793": "Sicily", "56de4b074396321400ee2794": "Sicily", "56de4b074396321400ee2795": "Sicily", "56de4b5c4396321400ee2799": "the dukes began a programme of church reform, encouraging the Cluniac reform of monasteries", "56de4b5c4396321400ee279a": "the dukes began a programme of church reform, encouraging the Cluniac reform of monasteries", "56de4bb84396321400ee27a2": "religion", "56de4c324396321400ee27ab": "Norman art is the Bayeux Tapestry, which is not a tapestry but a work of embroidery.", "56de4c324396321400ee27ac": "eux Tapestry, which is not a tapestry but a work of embroidery.", "56de4c324396321400ee27ad": "Odo", "56de51244396321400ee27ef": "Palermo", "56de51c64396321400ee27f7": "letters", "56de51c64396321400ee27f8": "letters", "56de52614396321400ee27fb": "Norman abbot Robert de Grantmesnil, several monks of Saint-Evroul fled to southern Italy", "56de52614396321400ee27fc": "Robert Guiscard", "56de52614396321400ee27fd": "Robert Guiscard", "56de52614396321400ee27fe": "Norman abbot Robert de Grantmesnil, several monks of Saint-Evroul fled to southern Italy", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f6": "alternating current (AC)", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f8": "alternating current (AC)", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f9": "alternating current (AC)", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b7": "alternating current (AC)", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b8": "alternating current (AC)", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b9": "alternating current (AC)", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6bb": "alternating current (AC)", "56df9ee138dc421700152108": "1884", "56df9ee138dc421700152109": "1884", "56df9ee138dc42170015210a": "AC induction motor and transformer were licensed by George Westinghouse", "56df9ee138dc42170015210b": "1884", "56df9ee138dc42170015210c": "alternating current/direct current \"War of Currents", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c1": "1884", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c2": "1884", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c3": "1884", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c4": "AC induction motor and transformer were licensed by George Westinghouse", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c5": "1884", "56dfa01738dc42170015211d": "1893", "56dfa01738dc42170015211e": "high-voltage, high-frequency power experiments in New York and Colorado Springs, and made early (1893", "56dfa01738dc42170015211f": "wireless lighting and electricity distribution in his high-voltage, high-frequency power experiments in New York and Colorado Springs, and made early (1893", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35b": "wireless lighting and electricity distribution in his high-voltage, high-frequency power experiments in New York and Colorado Springs, and made early (1893", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35c": "He also built a wireless controlled boat", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35d": "boat", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35e": "Wardenclyffe Tower", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb7": "1943", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb8": "1943", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb9": "1943", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebba": "1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cb": "1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cc": "1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cd": "the General Conference on Weights and Measures", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6ce": "1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cf": "1943", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc1": "1856", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc2": "1856", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc3": "1856", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc4": "1856", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36b": "1856", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36c": "1856", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36d": "1856", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36e": "1856", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36f": "1856", "56dfa1d34a1a83140091ebd4": "Dane", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd6": "Dane", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd7": "Dane", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac375": "Dane", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac376": "Dane", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac377": "five", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac378": "Dane", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac379": "Dane", "56dfa24a38dc421700152142": "1870, Tesla moved to Karlovac, to attend school at the Higher Real Gymnasium", "56dfa24a38dc421700152143": "German", "56dfa24a38dc421700152144": "integral calculus", "56dfa24a38dc421700152145": "1870, Tesla moved to Karlovac, to attend school at the Higher Real Gymnasium", "56dfa24a38dc421700152146": "the Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d5": "the Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d6": "the Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d7": "the Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d8": "German, as it was a school within the Austro-Hungarian Military Frontier. Tesla was able to perform integral calculus", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d9": "integral calculus", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf2": "Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf3": "Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf4": "Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf5": "Smiljan", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf6": "Smiljan", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6df": "1873, Tesla returned to his birthtown, Smiljan", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e0": "Smiljan. Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e1": "Smiljan", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e2": "Smiljan", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e3": "Smiljan", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfc": "1874", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfd": "1874", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfe": "1874", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebff": "1874", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ec00": "1874", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac389": "1874", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38a": "1874", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38b": "1874", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38c": "1874", "56dfa3c338dc421700152154": "a Serbian culture club", "56dfa3c338dc421700152155": "a Serbian culture club", "56dfa3c338dc421700152156": "1879", "56dfa3c338dc421700152157": "a Serbian culture club", "56dfa3c338dc421700152158": "the dean of the technical faculty", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ab": "the dean of the technical faculty", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ac": "a Serbian culture club", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ad": "1879", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ae": "a Serbian culture club", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3af": "nine exams (nearly twice as many required), started a Serbian culture club", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfa9": "draftsman", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfaa": "draftsman", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfab": "draftsman", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfac": "December 1878, Tesla left Graz and severed all relations with his family to hide the fact that he dropped out of school", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfad": "draftsman", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e717": "draftsman for 60 florin", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e718": "school", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e719": "school", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71a": "draftsman", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71b": "draftsman", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbd": "his old school, Higher Real Gymnasium", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbe": "his old school, Higher Real Gymnasium", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbf": "On 17 April 1879, Milutin Tesla died at the age of 60", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc0": "his old school, Higher Real Gymnasium", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc1": "his old school, Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3bf": "his old school, Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c0": "his old school, Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c1": "his old school, Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c2": "60", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5b": "Greek", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5c": "Greek", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5e": "Czech", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5f": "Czech", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c7": "Greek", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c8": "Czech", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c9": "Greek", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3ca": "Greek", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc7": "Budapest", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc8": "Central Telegraph Office", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc9": "Central Telegraph Office", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfca": "Central Telegraph Office", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfcb": "Central Telegraph Office", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fc": "Central Telegraph Office", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fd": "a telegraph company, the Budapest Telephone Exchange", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fe": "Central Telegraph Office", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3ff": "Central Telegraph Office", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc83": "France", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc84": "France", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc85": "the Continental Edison Company in France", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc86": "the Continental Edison Company in France", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc87": "the Continental Edison Company in France", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e769": "the Continental Edison Company in France", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76a": "France", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76b": "the Continental Edison Company in France", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76c": "the Continental Edison Company in France", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76d": "the Continental Edison Company in France", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00d": "direct current generators", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00e": "direct current generators", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e010": "direct current generators", "56e0d6367aa994140058e773": "direct current generators.", "56e0d6367aa994140058e774": "direct current generators", "56e0d6367aa994140058e775": "direct current generators", "56dfb5777aa994140058e021": "Robert Lane", "56dfb5777aa994140058e022": "Robert Lane", "56dfb5777aa994140058e023": "1886, Robert Lane", "56dfb5777aa994140058e024": "1886, Robert Lane", "56dfb5777aa994140058e025": "Robert Lane", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac420": "1886, Robert Lane", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac421": "two businessmen in 1886", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac422": "Robert Lane", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac423": "1886, Robert Lane", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac424": "1886, Robert Lane", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb5": "He even lost control of the patents", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb6": "They eventually forced Tesla out leaving him penniless", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb8": "digger", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb9": "1886/1887", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42b": "The investors showed little interest in Tesla's ideas for new types of motors", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42c": "various electrical repair jobs and even as a ditch digger for $2 per day. Tesla considered the winter of 1886/1887", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42d": "The investors showed little interest in Tesla's ideas for new types of motors", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc0": "late 1886 Tesla met Alfred S. Brown", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc1": "late 1886 Tesla met Alfred S. Brown", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc2": "late 1886 Tesla met Alfred S. Brown", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc3": "late 1886 Tesla met Alfred S. Brown", "56e0d810231d4119001ac432": "late 1886 Tesla met Alfred S. Brown", "56e0d810231d4119001ac433": "Alfred S. Brown", "56e0d810231d4119001ac434": "late 1886 Tesla met Alfred S. Brown", "56e0d810231d4119001ac435": "late 1886 Tesla met Alfred S. Brown", "56e0d810231d4119001ac436": "late 1886 Tesla met Alfred S. Brown", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e053": "alternating current", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e054": "alternating current", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e055": "alternating current", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e056": "alternating current", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e057": "alternating current", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43c": "alternating current", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43d": "alternating current", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43e": "alternating current", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43f": "alternating current", "56e057e1231d4119001ac043": "alternating current system", "56e057e1231d4119001ac044": "alternating", "56e057e1231d4119001ac045": "Thomas Commerford Martin (a friend and publicist), arranged for Tesla to demonstrate his alternating current system, including his induction motor", "56e057e1231d4119001ac046": "alternating current system", "56e057e1231d4119001ac047": "alternating", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e779": "Thomas", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77a": "alternating current system", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77b": "alternating current system", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77c": "alternating", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77d": "the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company", "56e05900231d4119001ac04d": "Brown", "56e05900231d4119001ac04e": "George Westinghouse for Tesla's polyphase induction motor", "56e05900231d4119001ac04f": "Brown and Peck negotiated a licensing deal with George Westinghouse", "56e05900231d4119001ac051": "Brown", "56e0dc667aa994140058e783": "George Westinghouse for Tesla's polyphase induction motor", "56e0dc667aa994140058e784": "George Westinghouse", "56e0dc667aa994140058e785": "Brown and Peck negotiated a licensing deal with George Westinghouse", "56e0dc667aa994140058e786": "Brown", "56e059c8231d4119001ac057": "Pittsburgh", "56e059c8231d4119001ac058": "alternating", "56e059c8231d4119001ac059": "alternating", "56e059c8231d4119001ac05a": "alternating current system", "56e0e518231d4119001ac444": "alternating current system", "56e0e518231d4119001ac445": "alternating current system", "56e05a78231d4119001ac062": "1886", "56e05a78231d4119001ac063": "1886", "56e05a78231d4119001ac064": "Currents", "56e05a78231d4119001ac065": "1886", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78b": "his induction motor", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78c": "1886", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78d": "Currents", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78e": "Currents", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78f": "his induction motor", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cd": "alternating", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1ce": "alternating", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cf": "alternating", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d0": "alternating", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d1": "high-voltage, high-frequency alternating current to light a wireless gas-discharge lamp", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d5": "alternating", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d6": "alternating", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d7": "alternating", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d8": "fully integrated alternating current system", "56e0812c231d4119001ac213": "opinion on what system would be best to transmit power generated at the falls.", "56e0812c231d4119001ac214": "the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company sought Tesla's opinion on what system would be best to transmit power generated at the falls.", "56e0812c231d4119001ac215": "two-phase AC generating system at the Niagara Falls was awarded to Westinghouse Electric. A further contract to build the AC distribution system", "56e0812c231d4119001ac216": "two-phase AC generating system at the Niagara Falls was awarded to Westinghouse Electric. A further contract to build the AC distribution system", "56e0812c231d4119001ac217": "the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company sought Tesla's opinion on what system would be best to transmit power generated at the falls.", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac459": "the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company sought Tesla's opinion on what system would be best to transmit power generated at the falls.", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45a": "the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company sought Tesla's opinion on what system would be best to transmit power generated at the falls.", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45b": "the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company sought Tesla's opinion on what system would be best to transmit power generated at the falls.", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45c": "the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company sought Tesla's opinion on what system would be best to transmit power generated at the falls.", "56e089ab231d4119001ac285": "takeover attempts and patent battles with Westinghouse Electric.", "56e089ab231d4119001ac287": "takeover attempts and patent battles with Westinghouse Electric.", "56e089ab231d4119001ac288": "takeover attempts and patent battles with Westinghouse Electric.", "56e089ab231d4119001ac289": "the conglomerate General Electric, backed by financier J. P. Morgan, involved in takeover attempts and patent battles with Westinghouse Electric.", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac462": "J. P. Morgan, involved in takeover attempts and patent battles with Westinghouse Electric.", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac463": "takeover attempts and patent battles with Westinghouse Electric.", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac464": "General Electric, backed by financier J. P. Morgan, involved in takeover attempts and patent battles with Westinghouse Electric.", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5da": "coil", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5db": "South Fifth Avenue laboratory, and later another at 46 E. Houston Street, in New York. He lit electric lamps", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dc": "South Fifth Avenue laboratory, and later another at 46 E. Houston Street, in New York. He lit electric lamps", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dd": "coil", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac468": "South Fifth Avenue laboratory, and later another at 46 E. Houston Street, in New York. He lit electric lamps", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac469": "coil", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46a": "coil", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46b": "coil", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac299": "the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, the forerunner (along with the Institute of Radio Engineers) of the modern-day IEEE, from 1892 to 1894", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29a": "the Institute of Radio Engineers) of the modern-day IEEE,", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29d": "the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, the forerunner (along with the Institute of Radio Engineers) of the modern-day IEEE, from 1892 to 1894", "56e0f019231d4119001ac470": "the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, the forerunner (along with the Institute of Radio Engineers) of the modern-day IEEE, from 1892 to 1894", "56e0f019231d4119001ac471": "the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, the forerunner (along with the Institute of Radio Engineers) of the modern-day IEEE,", "56e0f019231d4119001ac472": "the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, the forerunner (along with the Institute of Radio Engineers) of the modern-day IEEE, from 1892 to 1894", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a4": "es", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a5": "radiant energy of \"invisible\" kinds", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a6": "es", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a7": "invisible\" kinds", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c8": "1894", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c9": "1894", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4ca": "1894", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cb": "invisible\" kinds", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cc": "radiant energy", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ad": "bremsstrahlung", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ae": "bremsstrahlung", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2af": "bremsstrahlung", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b0": "bremsstrahlung", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b1": "his own design that had no target electrode and that worked from the output of the Tesla Coil", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d4": "1896", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d5": "single terminal vacuum tube of his own design that had no target electrode", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d6": "1896", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b7": "Roentgen rays", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b8": "Roentgen rays", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b9": "nitrous acid", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2ba": "Roentgen rays", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2bb": "Roentgen rays", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ee": "Roentgen rays", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ef": "Roentgen rays", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f0": "Roentgen rays", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f1": "Roentgen rays", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e795": "Benjamin Lamme", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e796": "1893 Westinghouse engineer Benjamin Lamme had made great progress developing an efficient version of Tesla's induction motor", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e797": "patents gave them patent priority over other AC systems", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7dd": "copper egg", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7e0": "copper egg", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e859": "the New York Herald Tribune published an article on Tesla,", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85a": "single-electrode vacuum tubes", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85b": "the New York Herald Tribune published an article on Tesla,", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85c": "his \"electric gun,\" Tesla said, \"The particles in the beam of force", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac525": "1893", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac526": "1893", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac527": "1893", "56e0fb887aa994140058e869": "torpedo", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86a": "torpedo", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86b": "torpedo", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86c": "torpedo", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86d": "monkey hidden inside. Tesla tried to sell his idea to the U.S. military as a type of radio-controlled torpedo", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e877": "17 Tesla patents, though there is little to support this claim.", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e878": "17 Tesla patents, though there is little to support this claim.", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e879": "17 Tesla patents, though there is little to support this claim.", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87a": "17 Tesla patents, though there is little to support this claim.", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87b": "17", "56e0fd167aa994140058e881": "alternating current power distribution system", "56e0fd167aa994140058e882": "alternating current power distribution system", "56e0fd167aa994140058e883": "alternating current power distribution system", "56e0fd167aa994140058e884": "alternating current power distribution system", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ea": "atmospheric electricity", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673eb": "stationary waves", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ec": "electricity", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6a": "artificial lightning, with discharges consisting of millions of volts and up to 135 feet long.", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6b": "water line taps", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6c": "energy", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6d": "artificial lightning", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6e": "artificial lightning", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fb": "a power station generator", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fc": "generator", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fd": "generator", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fe": "generator", "56e10043e3433e1400422a84": "unusual signals from his receiver which he concluded may be communications from another planet.", "56e10043e3433e1400422a85": "his lab, Tesla observed unusual signals from his receiver which he concluded may be communications from another planet.", "56e10043e3433e1400422a86": "his lab, Tesla observed unusual signals from his receiver which he concluded may be communications from another planet.", "56e10043e3433e1400422a87": "his lab, Tesla observed unusual signals from his receiver which he concluded may be communications from another planet.", "56e10043e3433e1400422a88": "his receiver which he concluded may be communications from another planet.", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67403": "1899", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67404": "1899", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67405": "1899", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67406": "1899", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740b": "1904, and its contents were sold two years later to satisfy a debt", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740c": "1904", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740d": "1904", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740e": "1904", "56e10179cd28a01900c67413": "Wardenclyffe", "56e10179cd28a01900c67414": "Colorado experiments had prepared Tesla for the establishment of the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility", "56e10179cd28a01900c67415": "Colorado", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8e": "Morgan", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8f": "Morgan", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a91": "funds", "56e10296cd28a01900c67423": "Wardenclyffe", "56e10296cd28a01900c67424": "Wardenclyffe", "56e10296cd28a01900c67425": "Wardenclyffe", "56e10296cd28a01900c67426": "Wardenclyffe", "56e10325cd28a01900c67435": "1906", "56e10325cd28a01900c67436": "1906, Tesla demonstrated his 200 horsepower (150 kilowatts) 16,000 rpm bladeless turbine.", "56e10325cd28a01900c67437": "his 50th birthday in 1906", "56e10325cd28a01900c67438": "1906", "56e10412e3433e1400422aba": "his Houston Street lab, Tesla allegedly generated a resonance of several buildings", "56e10412e3433e1400422abb": "his Houston Street lab, Tesla allegedly generated a resonance of several buildings", "56e10412e3433e1400422abc": "his Houston Street lab, Tesla allegedly generated a resonance of several buildings", "56e10412e3433e1400422abd": "his Houston Street lab, Tesla allegedly generated a resonance of several buildings", "56e10412e3433e1400422abe": "his Houston Street lab, Tesla allegedly generated a resonance of several buildings", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae4": "electricity", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae5": "electricity", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae6": "electricity", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae7": "electricity", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afa": "overseas investors. After the war started, Tesla lost the funding he was receiving from his patents in European countries. Eventually, he sold Wardenclyffe", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afb": "overseas investors. After the war started, Tesla lost the funding he was receiving from his patents in European countries. Eventually, he sold Wardenclyffe", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afc": "Wardenclyffe for $20,000 ($472,500 in today's dollars).", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afd": "overseas investors. After the war started, Tesla lost the funding he was receiving from his patents in European countries. Eventually, he sold Wardenclyffe", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afe": "Wardenclyffe", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0c": "submarines", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0d": "submarines", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0e": "submarines", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0f": "submarines", "56e1097dcd28a01900c6748f": "Sir William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg \"for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67490": "Reuters news agency report from London had the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67491": "Sir William Henry Bragg", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67492": "Sir William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg \"for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays", "56e10a28cd28a01900c674b1": "the award because of their animosity toward each other; that each sought to minimize the other's achievements", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b3": "38", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b4": "Edison", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b5": "Edison", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b24": "1928", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b25": "1", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b26": "1928, Tesla received his last patent, U.S.", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b27": "vertically", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b36": "the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b37": "the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b38": "the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b39": "the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d7": "1935, in an annual birthday celebration interview, Tesla announced a method of transmitting mechanical energy", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d8": "1935", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d9": "1935, in an annual birthday celebration interview, Tesla announced a method of transmitting mechanical energy", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674da": "mineral deposits", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674db": "1935", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b48": "moving taxicab", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b49": "moving taxicab", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4a": "taxicab", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4b": "moving taxicab", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4c": "taxicab", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674eb": "teleforce\" weapon after studying the Van de Graaff generator", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ec": "Van de Graaff generator", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ed": "teleforce\" weapon after studying the Van de Graaff generator", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ee": "teleforce\" weapon after studying the Van de Graaff generator", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ef": "teleforce\" weapon after studying the Van de Graaff generator", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5c": "1937, at a luncheon in his honor concerning the death ray", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5d": "1937", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5e": "small tungsten pellets that are accelerated via high voltage", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5f": "small tungsten pellets that are accelerated via high voltage", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b60": "1937", "56e10fbacd28a01900c67509": "Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750a": "Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750b": "Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750c": "Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750d": "Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy", "56e11044e3433e1400422b76": "steal the invention", "56e11044e3433e1400422b77": "teleforce weapon", "56e11044e3433e1400422b78": "invention", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67531": "86", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67532": "alone in room 3327", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67533": "maid Alice Monaghan", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67534": "86, Tesla died alone in room 3327", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67535": "alone in room 3327", "56e11161e3433e1400422b86": "Alien Property Custodian", "56e11161e3433e1400422b87": "Alien Property Custodian", "56e11161e3433e1400422b89": "the FBI ordered the Alien Property Custodian to seize Tesla's belongings, even though Tesla was an American citizen.", "56e11161e3433e1400422b8a": "the Alien Property Custodian", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b90": "Slovene-American author Louis Adamic live over the WNYC radio while violin pieces \"Ave Maria", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b91": "Slovene", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b92": "violin pieces \"Ave Maria\" and \"Tamo daleko\" were played in the background.", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b93": "violin pieces \"Ave Maria\" and \"Tamo daleko\" were played in the background.", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b94": "violin pieces \"Ave Maria\" and \"Tamo daleko\" were played in the background.", "56e1127bcd28a01900c67549": "Sava Kosanovi\u0107", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754a": "Sava Kosanovi\u0107", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754b": "Sava Kosanovi\u0107", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754c": "Sava Kosanovi\u0107", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754d": "Sava Kosanovi\u0107", "56e11996e3433e1400422bde": "his inventions", "56e11996e3433e1400422bdf": "300", "56e11996e3433e1400422be0": "300 patents worldwide for his inventions", "56e11996e3433e1400422be1": "300 patents worldwide for his inventions", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b5": "9", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b6": "9", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b7": "work", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b8": "headwaiter", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf0": "exercise", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf1": "toes", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf2": "toes", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf3": "exercise", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c7": "newspaper editor Arthur Brisbane, Tesla said that he did not believe in telepathy", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c8": "newspaper editor Arthur Brisbane, Tesla said that he did not believe in telepathy", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c9": "telepathy", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d7": "pigeons and even brought injured ones into his hotel room to nurse back to health. He said that he had been visited by a specific injured white pigeon", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d8": "pigeon", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d9": "pigeon", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675da": "injured white pigeon", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675db": "pigeon", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c18": "tall", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c19": "6 feet 2 inches (1.88 m) tall and weighed 142 pounds (64 kg)", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1a": "tall", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1b": "tall", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e7": "eight", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e8": "eight languages: Serbo-Croatian, Czech, English, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, and Latin", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e9": "eight languages: Serbo-Croatian, Czech, English, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, and Latin", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675ea": "blinding flashes", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675eb": "photographic memory.", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f1": "study", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f2": "study", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f3": "Graz", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f4": "Graz", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f5": "Graz", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c28": "abilities", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c29": "reporter", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c2a": "reporter", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2e": "Dorothy", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2f": "Robert Underwood Johnson described him as attaining a \"distinguished sweetness, sincerity, modesty, refinement, generosity, and force.", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c30": "his work.", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c31": "his work.", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c32": "Robert Underwood Johnson described him as attaining a \"distinguished sweetness, sincerity, modesty, refinement, generosity, and force.", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67611": "Francis Marion Crawford, Robert Underwood Johnson, Stanford White, Fritz Lowenstein, George Scherff, and Kenneth Swezey.", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67612": "Francis Marion Crawford, Robert Underwood Johnson, Stanford White, Fritz Lowenstein, George Scherff, and Kenneth Swezey.", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67613": "Francis Marion Crawford, Robert Underwood Johnson, Stanford White, Fritz Lowenstein, George Scherff, and Kenneth Swezey.", "56e12005cd28a01900c67617": "harsh", "56e12005cd28a01900c67618": "harsh at times and openly expressed disgust for overweight people, such as when he fired a secretary", "56e12005cd28a01900c67619": "weight", "56e12005cd28a01900c6761a": "harsh at times and openly expressed disgust for overweight people, such as when he fired a secretary", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c38": "his writings; he disagreed with the theory of atoms being composed of smaller subatomic particles", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c39": "his writings", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3a": "a pre-atomic understanding of physics", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3b": "his writings", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4a": "He was also critical of Einstein's theory of relativity,", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4b": "conversion of matter into energy.", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4c": "He was also critical of Einstein's theory of relativity", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c50": "1892, and in 1937, at age 81, claimed in a letter to have completed a \"dynamic theory of gravity", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c51": "1892", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c52": "idle speculations and false conceptions, as that of curved space", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c53": "1892", "56e122dacd28a01900c67639": "1937", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763a": "1937", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763b": "pity", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763c": "1937", "56e1239acd28a01900c67641": "Queen Bees", "56e1239acd28a01900c67642": "1926", "56e1239acd28a01900c67643": "Queen Bees", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5e": "Discovery are the great Forces which will lead to the Consummation of the War\" (20 December 1914). Tesla believed that the League of Nations", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5f": "Science and Discovery", "56e12477e3433e1400422c60": "Discovery are the great Forces which will lead to the Consummation of the War\" (20 December 1914). Tesla believed that the League of Nations", "56e12477e3433e1400422c61": "League of Nations", "56e124f1cd28a01900c6764f": "he did not consider himself to be a \"believer in the orthodox sense,\" and opposed religious fanaticism", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67650": "he did not consider himself to be a \"believer in the orthodox sense,\" and opposed religious fanaticism", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67651": "his life, he did not consider himself to be a \"believer in the orthodox sense,\" and opposed religious fanaticism", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c66": "his article, \"A Machine to End War", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c67": "his article, \"A Machine to End War\", published in 1937", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c68": "his article, \"A Machine to End War", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6c": "Ben Johnston", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6d": "Ben Johnston", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6e": "Ben Johnston", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67655": "Increasing Human Energy", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67656": "Increasing Human Energy,\" published in The Century Magazine in 1900", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67657": "Increasing Human Energy", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7c": "legacy has endured in books, films, radio, TV, music, live theater, comics and video games.", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7d": "legacy has endured in books, films, radio, TV, music, live theater, comics and video games.", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7e": "several", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765b": "Time magazine put him on its cover. The cover caption \"All the world's his power house\" noted his contribution to electrical power generation.", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765c": "Time magazine put him on its cover. The cover caption \"All the world's his power house\" noted his contribution to electrical power generation.", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765d": "Time magazine put him on its cover. The cover caption \"All the world's his power house\" noted his contribution to electrical power generation.", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765e": "Time magazine put him on its cover. The cover caption \"All the world's his power house\" noted his contribution to electrical power generation.", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765f": "Time magazine put him on its cover. The cover caption \"All the world's his power house\" noted his contribution to electrical power generation.", "56e16182e3433e1400422e28": "difficulty", "56e16182e3433e1400422e29": "inherent difficulty", "56e16182e3433e1400422e2a": "Computational complexity theory is a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science that focuses on classifying computational problems", "56e16839cd28a01900c67887": "significant resources", "56e16839cd28a01900c67888": "significant resources", "56e16839cd28a01900c67889": "significant resources", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788a": "Other complexity measures are also used, such as the amount of communication (used in communication complexity), the number of gates", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788b": "computational complexity theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f40": "Closely related fields in theoretical computer science are analysis of algorithms and computability theory.", "56e17644e3433e1400422f41": "restricted resources", "56e17644e3433e1400422f42": "Closely related fields in theoretical computer science are analysis of algorithms and computability theory.", "56e17644e3433e1400422f43": "Closely related fields in theoretical computer science are analysis of algorithms and computability theory.", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a1": "The input string for a computational problem is referred to as a problem instance, and should not be confused with the problem itself.", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a2": "The input string for a computational problem is referred to as a problem instance, and should not be confused with the problem itself.", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a3": "The input string for a computational problem is referred to as a problem instance, and should not be confused with the problem itself.", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a4": "The input string for a computational problem is referred to as a problem instance, and should not be confused with the problem itself.", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a5": "The input string for a computational problem is referred to as a problem instance, and should not be confused with the problem itself.", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f7f": "2000 kilometres", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f80": "quantitative", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f81": "quantitative", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa0": "an alphabet.", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa1": "computational problems", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa2": "computational problems", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa3": "computational problems", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa4": "problems", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc8": "Decision problems are one of the central objects of study in computational complexity theory.", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc9": "A decision problem can be viewed as a formal language", "56e190bce3433e1400422fca": "computational complexity theory. A decision problem is a special type of computational problem whose answer is either yes or no", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcb": "computational complexity theory.", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcc": "Decision problems", "56e19557e3433e1400422fee": "The input is an arbitrary graph", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff0": "deciding whether the given graph is connected, or not. The formal language associated with this decision problem is then the set of all connected graphs", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff1": "graphs", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f6": "traveling salesman", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f7": "single output (of a total function)", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f8": "the traveling salesman problem", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f9": "the traveling salesman problem", "56e19724cd28a01900c679fa": "single output (of a total function)", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2e": "integers", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2f": "function problems", "56e1a38de3433e140042305c": "larger instances", "56e1a38de3433e140042305d": "larger instances will require more time", "56e1a38de3433e140042305e": "larger instances will require more time", "56e1a38de3433e140042305f": "the time required to solve a problem (or the space required, or any measure of complexity) is calculated as a function of the size of the instance", "56e1a38de3433e1400423060": "larger instances", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a48": "the input size", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a49": "the input size", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4a": "the input size is n, the time taken can be expressed as a function of n.", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4b": "T(n) is defined to be the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n.", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4c": "the input size", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423094": "strip of tape.", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423095": "mathematical model of a general computing machine. It is a theoretical device that manipulates symbols contained on a strip of tape.", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423097": "strip of tape.", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423098": "a strip of tape.", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a68": "fixed set of rules to determine its future actions.", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a69": "fixed set of rules", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6a": "fixed set of rules to determine its future actions.", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6b": "random bits", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6c": "fixed set of rules to determine its future actions.", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309e": "principle", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309f": "resources", "56e1b00ce3433e14004230a1": "alternating Turing machines. They are all equally powerful in principle", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a72": "random access machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a73": "random access machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a74": "The time and memory consumption of these alternate models", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a75": "random access machines", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b0": "non-deterministic Turing machine", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b1": "non-deterministic Turing machine", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b2": "non-deterministic Turing machine", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b3": "non-deterministic time", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa3": "DTIME", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa4": "DTIME(f(n))", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa5": "DTIME(f(n))", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa6": "DTIME(f(n))", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abc": "Blum complexity axioms", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abd": "space requirements. Although time and space are the most well-known complexity resources, any complexity measure", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abe": "the Blum complexity axioms", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abf": "Blum complexity axioms. Other complexity measures used in complexity theory include communication complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67ac0": "Blum complexity axioms", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e6": "three different ways of measuring the time complexity (or any other complexity measure) of different inputs of the same size.", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e7": "three different ways of measuring the time complexity (or any other complexity measure) of different inputs of the same size.", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e8": "time complexity (or any other complexity measure) of different inputs of the same size.", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e9": "three different ways of measuring the time complexity (or any other complexity measure) of different inputs of the same size.", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae0": "quicksort", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae1": "quicksort", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae2": "quicksort", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423104": "Analyzing a particular algorithm falls under the field of analysis of algorithms", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423105": "Analyzing a particular algorithm falls under the field of analysis of algorithms", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423106": "classify the computation time (or similar resources, such as space consumption), one is interested in proving upper and lower bounds on the minimum amount of time", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423107": "lower bound of T(n)", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423108": "Analyzing a particular algorithm falls under the field of analysis of algorithms", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afc": "big O notation", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afd": "big O notation", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afe": "big O notation", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67aff": "big O notation", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2c": "some complexity classes", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2d": "complicated definitions that do not fit into this framework.", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2e": "complicated definitions that do not fit into this framework.", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423134": "P", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423135": "some concrete function f(n) often yields complexity classes that depend on the chosen machine model.", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423136": "some concrete function f(n) often yields complexity classes that depend on the chosen machine model.", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423137": "some concrete function f(n) often yields complexity classes that depend on the chosen machine model.", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423138": "P", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423148": "Many important complexity classes can be defined by bounding the time or space used by the algorithm.", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423149": "bounding the time or space used by the algorithm.", "56e1c3e1e3433e140042314a": "Many important complexity classes can be defined by bounding the time or space used by the algorithm.", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314e": "quantum Turing machines.", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314f": "Interactive proof systems", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423150": "quantum Turing machines.", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423151": "Interactive proof systems", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423152": "Interactive proof systems", "56e1c720e3433e140042316a": "relaxing the requirements on (say) computation time indeed defines a bigger set of problems.", "56e1c720e3433e140042316b": "DTIME(n) is contained in DTIME(n2), it would be interesting to know if the inclusion is strict.", "56e1c720e3433e140042316c": "DTIME(n) is contained in DTIME(n2), it would be interesting to know if the inclusion is strict.", "56e1c720e3433e140042316d": "DTIME(n) is contained in DTIME(n2), it would be interesting to know if the inclusion is strict.", "56e1c720e3433e140042316e": "relaxing the requirements on (say) computation time indeed defines a bigger set of problems.", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b74": "P", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b75": "time hierarchy theorem", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b76": "P", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423192": "an algorithm for Y, X is no more difficult than Y, and we say that X reduces to Y.", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423193": "Many complexity classes are defined using the concept of a reduction.", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423194": "informal notion of a problem being at least as difficult as another problem.", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423195": "Many complexity classes are defined using the concept of a reduction.", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423196": "Many complexity classes are defined using the concept of a reduction.", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bac": "polynomial-time reduction", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bad": "polynomial-time reduction", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bae": "polynomial-time reduction", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67baf": "polynomial-time reduction", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bb0": "polynomial-time reduction", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a4": "no problem in C is harder than X, since an algorithm for X allows us to solve any problem in C.", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a5": "no problem in C is harder than X, since an algorithm for X allows us to solve any problem in C.", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a6": "no problem in C is harder than X, since an algorithm for X", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a8": "reduction", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cb": "X is the hardest problem in C.", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cc": "the hardest problem in C.", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cd": "the hardest problem in C.", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231ce": "C and hard for C, then X is said to be complete for C. This means that X is the hardest problem in C.", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bca": "The complexity class NP", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcb": "The complexity class P is often seen as a mathematical abstraction", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcc": "The complexity class NP", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcd": "The complexity class NP", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bce": "The complexity class NP", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d5": "Clay Mathematics Institute", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d6": "Clay Mathematics Institute", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d8": "wide", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd4": "discrete logarithm", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd5": "discrete logarithm", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd6": "Ladner", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fc": "The graph isomorphism problem is the computational problem of determining whether two finite graphs are isomorphic.", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fd": "The graph isomorphism problem is the computational problem of determining whether two finite graphs are isomorphic.", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fe": "The graph isomorphism problem is the computational problem of determining whether two finite graphs are isomorphic.", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231ff": "The graph isomorphism problem is the computational problem of determining whether two finite graphs are isomorphic.", "56e1e9dfe3433e1400423200": "The graph isomorphism problem is the computational problem of determining whether two finite graphs are isomorphic.", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0a": "The integer factorization problem is the computational problem of determining the prime factorization of a given integer.", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0b": "k", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0c": "No efficient integer factorization algorithm is known, and this fact forms the basis of several modern cryptographic systems, such as the RSA algorithm", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0e": "No efficient integer factorization algorithm is known, and this fact forms the basis of several modern cryptographic systems, such as the RSA algorithm", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423210": "P is not equal to NP, then P is not equal to PSPACE either.", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423211": "NP, then P is not equal to PSPACE either.", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423212": "NP, then P is not equal to PSPACE either.", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423214": "NP, then P is not equal to PSPACE either.", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321a": "co-NP is the class containing the complement problems (i.e. problems with the yes/no answers reversed) of NP problems.", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321b": "co-NP is the class containing the complement problems (i.e. problems with the yes/no answers reversed) of NP problems.", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321c": "NP is not equal to co-NP; however, it has not yet been proven. It has been shown that if these two complexity classes", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321d": "NP is not equal to co-NP; however, it has not yet been proven. It has been shown that if these two complexity classes", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423222": "L (the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space) is strictly contained in P or equal to P.", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423223": "L (the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space) is strictly contained in P or equal to P.", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423224": "L (the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space) is strictly contained in P or equal to P.", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423225": "many", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423226": "many", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322c": "polynomial-time solutions are considered to be intractable for more than the smallest inputs. In fact, the Cobham\u2013Edmonds", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322f": "finite time), but which in practice take too long for their solutions to be useful, are known as intractable problems.", "56e1fc57e3433e1400423230": "theory (e.", "56e1febfe3433e1400423236": "Presburger", "56e1febfe3433e1400423237": "intractability means in practice is open to debate.", "56e1febfe3433e1400423238": "wide range of sizes", "56e1febfe3433e1400423239": "wide range of sizes", "56e1febfe3433e140042323a": "not", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c14": "1936", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c15": "Alan Turing in 1936", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c16": "1936", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c17": "1936", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c18": "Alan Turing in 1936", "56e202e9e3433e1400423240": "Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns (1965)", "56e202e9e3433e1400423241": "Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns (1965)", "56e202e9e3433e1400423242": "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms", "56e202e9e3433e1400423243": "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms", "56e202e9e3433e1400423244": "Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns (1965)", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1e": "John Myhill", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1f": "John Myhill", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c20": "John Myhill", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c24": "different representations", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c25": "complexity", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324a": "1967", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324b": "1967", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324d": "Reducibility", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324e": "1967", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f23": "ongoing, carried out at a school or other place of formal education.", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f24": "ongoing, carried out at a school or other place of formal education.", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f25": "ongoing, carried out at a school or other place of formal education.", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f26": "ongoing, carried out at a school or other place of formal education.", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f27": "ongoing, carried out at a school or other place of formal education.", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f37": "cultures.", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f38": "vocational training, the arts, religion, civics, community roles,", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f39": "literacy and numeracy, craftsmanship or vocational training, the arts, religion, civics, community roles,", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f3a": "literacy and numeracy, craftsmanship or vocational training, the arts, religion, civics, community roles,", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f51": "home schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f52": "home schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f53": "home schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f54": "transient", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f55": "home schooling", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f65": "the Quran, Torah or Bible.", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f66": "the Quran, Torah or Bible.", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f67": "Quran, Torah or Bible.", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f68": "the Quran, Torah or Bible.", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e33": "paid professionals", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e34": "paid professionals", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e35": "paid professionals", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e36": "paid professionals", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e37": "paid", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6e": "help with the organization of school functions", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6f": "extracurricular activities", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f70": "activities", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f71": "functions, and serve as supervisors for extracurricular activities. In some education systems, teachers may have responsibility for student discipline", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f76": "interest", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f77": "interest", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f78": "interest", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f79": "the knowledge and professional standing of teachers.", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f7a": "interest", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f94": "clear standards of practice", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f95": "publicly funded schools", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f96": "publicly funded schools", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f97": "setting out clear standards of practice", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f98": "setting out clear standards of practice", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5b": "tutor", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5c": "tutor", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5d": "facilitate student learning, often in a school or academy or perhaps in another environment such as outdoors.", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5e": "facilitate student learning, often in a school or academy or perhaps in another environment such as outdoors.", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa8": "informal", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa9": "technology", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76faa": "technology", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fab": "technology", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fac": "technology", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e6f": "study", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e70": "standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e71": "standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e72": "standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e73": "standardized curricula", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbc": "styles", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbd": "styles", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbe": "flaws", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbf": "styles", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fc0": "styles", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc6": "different subject specialists", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc7": "different subject specialists", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc8": "different subject specialists", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc9": "different subject specialists", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fca": "different subject specialists", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8b": "alternative", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8c": "platoon\" system, involves placing a group of students together in one class that moves from one specialist", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8d": "alternative approaches for primary education", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8e": "alternative approaches for primary education", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8f": "alternative approaches for primary education", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e95": "Co-teaching", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e96": "Co-teaching", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e97": "Co-teaching", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e98": "Co-teaching", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e99": "Co-teaching", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ea9": "corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eaa": "corporal punishment.", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eab": "corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eac": "corporal punishment.", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ead": "corporal punishment.", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb3": "spanking", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb4": "1977", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb5": "1977", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb6": "spanking", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb7": "spanking", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fec": "paddle", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fed": "paddle", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fee": "paddle", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fef": "paddle", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76ff0": "paddle", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77000": "caning", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77001": "ing", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77002": "Official corporal punishment, often by caning", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec7": "Currently detention is one of the most common punishments in schools in the United States, the UK, Ireland, Singapore and other countries.", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec8": "Currently detention is one of the most common punishments in schools in the United States, the UK, Ireland, Singapore and other countries.", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec9": "Currently", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3eca": "quietly", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ecb": "Currently detention", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed1": "assertive teacher", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed2": "sarcasm and attempts to humiliate pupils are seen as falling outside of what constitutes reasonable discipline.", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed3": "clear", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed4": "sarcasm and attempts to humiliate pupils are seen as falling outside of what constitutes reasonable discipline.", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed5": "respect their students; sarcasm and attempts to humiliate pupils are seen as falling outside of what constitutes reasonable discipline.", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef5": "strict discipline", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef6": "strict discipline", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef7": "strict discipline", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef8": "strict discipline", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702c": "attainment on standardized tests", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702d": "extremely rigid codes of behavior", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702e": "extremely rigid codes of behavior", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702f": "extremely rigid", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703a": "maintaining order in the classroom can divert the teacher from instruction, leaving little opportunity for concentration", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703b": "maintaining", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703c": "motivated students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703d": "motivated students, ignoring attention-seeking and disruptive students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703e": "motivated students", "56e7611500c9c71400d77054": "popularly", "56e7611500c9c71400d77055": "popularly based authority", "56e7611500c9c71400d77056": "popularly based authority", "56e7611500c9c71400d77057": "popularly based authority", "56e7611500c9c71400d77058": "popularly based authority", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f13": "positive disposition", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f14": "positive disposition", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f15": "positive learning experience towards the course materials.", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f17": "positive disposition", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77072": "intrinsic motivation of college students has shown that nonverbal expressions of enthusiasm, such as demonstrative gesturing", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77073": "intrinsic motivation of college students has shown that nonverbal expressions of enthusiasm, such as demonstrative gesturing", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77074": "intrinsic motivation of college students has shown that nonverbal expressions of enthusiasm, such as demonstrative gesturing", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77075": "intrinsic motivation of college students", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77076": "intrinsic motivation of college students has shown that nonverbal expressions of enthusiasm, such as demonstrative gesturing", "56e763e800c9c71400d77086": "emotional contagion", "56e763e800c9c71400d77087": "emotional", "56e763e800c9c71400d77088": "emotional contagion", "56e763e800c9c71400d77089": "emotional", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708e": "Useful teacher-to-student interactions", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708f": "beneficial", "56e764e200c9c71400d77090": "Useful teacher-to-student interactions", "56e764e200c9c71400d77091": "Useful teacher-to-student interactions", "56e764e200c9c71400d77092": "beneficial", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a2": "friendly and supportive and will show more interest in courses taught by these teachers.", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a4": "friendly and supportive and will show more interest in courses taught by these teachers.", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a5": "friendly and supportive and will show more interest in courses taught by these teachers.", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a6": "humor", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f49": "three most important aspects of teacher enthusiasm are enthusiasm about teaching, enthusiasm about the students, and enthusiasm about the subject matter.", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4a": "chemistry", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4b": "excitement", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4c": "chemistry", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4d": "chemistry", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f53": "increased scrutiny from the media and the courts.", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f54": "increased scrutiny from the media and the courts.", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f55": "increased scrutiny from the media and the courts.", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f56": "increased scrutiny from the media and the courts.", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f57": "increased scrutiny from the media and the courts.", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ca": "any professional, a group that included priests, religious leaders, and case workers as well as teachers.", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cb": "sexual abuse by any professional, a group that included priests, religious leaders, and case workers as well as teachers.", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cd": "sexual abuse by any professional, a group that included priests, religious leaders, and case workers as well as teachers.", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ce": "sexual abuse by any professional, a group that included priests, religious leaders, and case workers as well as teachers.", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f67": "Debra LaFave, Pamela Rogers", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f69": "Rogers", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e8": "Chris Keates", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e9": "Chris Keates", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ea": "Chris Keates, the general secretary of National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers, said that teachers who have sex with pupils over the", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770eb": "Chris Keates", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ec": "Chris Keates, the general secretary of National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers,", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f75": "stress", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f76": "organizational", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f77": "occupational burnout", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f78": "several occupational hazards in their line of work, including occupational stress", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f79": "several occupational hazards in their line of work, including occupational stress", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f7f": "2012", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f80": "2012", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f81": "2000", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f82": "2000", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f83": "2000", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710e": "Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling, are also used to relieve occupational stress among teachers", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710f": "Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling, are also used to relieve occupational stress among teachers", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77110": "Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling, are also used to relieve occupational stress among teachers", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77111": "Organizational interventions, like changing teachers' schedules, providing support networks and mentoring, changing the work environment", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77112": "Organizational interventions, like changing teachers' schedules, providing support networks and mentoring, changing the work environment", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f93": "many similarities and differences among teachers around the world.", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f94": "many similarities and differences among teachers around the world.", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f95": "elementary school education certificate is earned after completion of high school", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f96": "many similarities and differences among teachers around the world.", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f97": "many similarities and differences among teachers around the world.", "56e76de800c9c71400d77122": "the individual states and territories.", "56e76de800c9c71400d77123": "three-tier model which includes primary education", "56e76de800c9c71400d77124": "three-tier model which includes primary education (primary schools", "56e76de800c9c71400d77125": "the responsibility of the individual states and territories.", "56e76de800c9c71400d77126": "three-tier", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9d": "second Bachelor's Degree such as a Bachelor of Education", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9e": "second Bachelor's Degree such as a Bachelor of Education", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3fa1": "Teaching in Canada requires a post-secondary degree Bachelor's Degree. In most provinces a second Bachelor's Degree such as a Bachelor of Education", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712c": "Lehramtstudien", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712d": "Lehramtstudien", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712e": "Lehramtstudien", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712f": "the civil servants' salary index scale", "56e76f7000c9c71400d77130": "Lehramtstudien", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77137": "Extra pay is also given for teaching through the Irish language", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77138": "Extra pay is also given for teaching through the Irish language", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77139": "Extra pay is also given for teaching through the Irish language", "56e7714a00c9c71400d7713a": "Extra pay is also given for teaching through the Irish language", "56e7721500c9c71400d77140": "the Teaching Council", "56e7721500c9c71400d77141": "2001", "56e7721500c9c71400d77142": "the Teaching Council; under Section 30 of the Teaching Council Act 2001", "56e7721500c9c71400d77143": "the Teaching Council", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbb": "2006", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbc": "2006", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbe": "voluntary role\". Existing staff", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbf": "voluntary", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714a": "\u00a32", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714b": "\u00a320,133 to \u00a341,004 in September 2007", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714c": "\u00a32", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714d": "\u00a32", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714e": "\u00a32", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd5": "alternative licensing programs", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd6": "geographic area and subject taught.", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd7": "geographic", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd8": "geographic area and subject taught.", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd9": "Excellent job opportunities are expected as retirements, especially among secondary school teachers", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715c": "the General Teaching Council for Scotland (GTCS)", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715d": "the General Teaching Council for Scotland (GTCS)", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715e": "the General Teaching Council for Scotland (GTCS)", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715f": "the General Teaching Council for Scotland (GTCS)", "56e775ec00c9c71400d77160": "the General Teaching Council for Scotland (GTCS)", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fdf": "Principal Teacher positions", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe0": "unpromoted teachers in Scotland earned from \u00a320,427", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe1": "unpromoted teachers in Scotland earned from \u00a320,427", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe2": "\u00a320,427", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe3": "Chartered Teacher Status", "56e777e500c9c71400d77176": "Welsh", "56e777e500c9c71400d77177": "Welsh", "56e777e500c9c71400d77178": "Welsh", "56e777e500c9c71400d77179": "Welsh", "56e777e500c9c71400d7717a": "Welsh", "56e7788200c9c71400d77180": "recent years suggest that the average age of teachers in Wales is falling with teachers being younger than in previous years.", "56e7788200c9c71400d77181": "falling with teachers being younger than in previous years.", "56e7788200c9c71400d77182": "Wales is falling with teachers being younger than in previous years.", "56e7788200c9c71400d77183": "NUT", "56e7788200c9c71400d77184": "Wales is falling with teachers being younger than in previous years.", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffd": "bachelor'", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffe": "bachelor'", "56e7796637bdd419002c3fff": "bachelor'", "56e7796637bdd419002c4000": "bachelor'", "56e7796637bdd419002c4001": "bachelor'", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718a": "more experience and higher education earn more than those with a standard bachelor'", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718b": ".", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718c": "more experience and higher education earn more than those with a standard bachelor'", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718d": "relatively low salaries. However, average teacher salaries have improved rapidly in recent years.", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718e": "internet", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77194": "individualistic nature of most Protestant denominations, the emphasis on being guided in spiritual development", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77196": "individualistic nature of most Protestant denominations, the emphasis on being guided in spiritual development", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77197": "spiritual guides", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77198": "spiritual guides", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401d": "little in common with the \"spiritual teacher\" archetype.", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401e": "little in common with the \"spiritual teacher\" archetype.", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401f": "little in common with the \"spiritual teacher\" archetype.", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4020": "little in common with the \"spiritual teacher\" archetype.", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4021": "little in common with the \"spiritual teacher\" archetype.", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a8": "the emphasis on spiritual mentorship is extremely high,", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a9": "the emphasis on spiritual mentorship is extremely high,", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771aa": "the emphasis on spiritual mentorship is extremely high,", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771ab": "the emphasis on spiritual mentorship is extremely high,", "56e77da237bdd419002c403b": "the teachers of Dharma in Tibet are most commonly called a Lama.", "56e77da237bdd419002c403c": "the teachers of Dharma in Tibet are most commonly called a Lama.", "56e77da237bdd419002c403d": "Tibetan Buddhism the teachers of Dharma in Tibet are most commonly called a Lama.", "56e77da237bdd419002c403e": "the teachers of Dharma in Tibet are most commonly called a Lama.", "56e77da237bdd419002c403f": "the teachers of Dharma in Tibet are most commonly called a Lama.", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b0": "Four Schools of Jurisprudence.", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b1": "Four Schools of Jurisprudence", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b2": "Four Schools of Jurisprudence", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b3": "Four Schools of Jurisprudence.", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b4": "Four Schools of Jurisprudence.", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf5": "composer", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf6": "composer, priest, former monk and a seminal figure in the Protestant Reformation.", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf7": "composer", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf8": "money", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf9": "His refusal to retract all of his writings", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727a": "deeds", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727b": "good deeds", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727c": "Pope", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727d": "the", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727e": "good deeds", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17284": "hymns", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17285": "hymns", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17286": "hymns", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17287": "singing", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17288": "Kat", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728e": "copper mines and smelters and served as one of four citizen representatives on the local council.", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728f": "Tours", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17290": "Tours", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17291": "Tours", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17292": "Hans Luder (or Ludher, later Luther) and his wife Margarethe", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c56": "19, he entered the University of Erfurt", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c57": "19", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c58": "19, he entered the University of Erfurt", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c59": "19, he entered the University of Erfurt", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c5a": "19, he entered the University of Erfurt", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cd": "Reason", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172ce": "Reason", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cf": "Reason", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d0": "Reason", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d1": "reason", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d7": "a lightning bolt", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d8": "horseback after a trip home. During a thunderstorm", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d9": "horseback", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172da": "two friends", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172db": "university on horseback", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c74": "fast", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c75": "fast", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c76": "fast", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c77": "fast", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c78": "fast", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172eb": "von Staupitz, first dean of the newly founded University of Wittenberg, sent for Luther, to teach theology. He received a bachelor'", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ec": "von Staupitz", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ed": "studies", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ee": "von Staupitz, first dean of the newly founded University of Wittenberg, sent for Luther, to teach theology. He received a bachelor'", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ef": "von Staupitz, first dean of the newly founded University of Wittenberg, sent for Luther, to teach theology. He received a bachelor'", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb0": "on 21 October 1512, was received into the senate of the theological faculty", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb1": "on", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb2": "Theology and, on 21 October 1512, was received into the senate of the theological faculty", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb3": "On 19 October 1512, he was awarded his Doctor of Theology", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb4": "Doctor of Theology", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17367": "Dominican", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17368": "faith", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17369": "faith", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736a": "faith", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736b": "Johann Tetzel", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5e": "Albert", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5f": "Albert", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d60": "Albert of Mainz", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d61": "Albert", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d62": "Albert of Mainz", "56f80143aef2371900625d68": "Johann Tetzel", "56f80143aef2371900625d69": "coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory (also attested as 'into heaven') springs.", "56f80143aef2371900625d6a": "coin", "56f80143aef2371900625d6b": "coin", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17377": "he said,", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17378": "forgiveness", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17379": "forgiveness", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737a": "forgiveness", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737b": "forgiveness", "56f8046faef2371900625d71": "l", "56f8046faef2371900625d72": "dead", "56f8046faef2371900625d73": "dead", "56f8046faef2371900625d74": "dead", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17387": "Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17388": "Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17389": "Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738a": "Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738b": "Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8074faef2371900625d79": "friends of Luther translated the 95 Theses from Latin", "56f8074faef2371900625d7a": "95 Theses from Latin into German and printed and widely copied them, making the controversy one of the first in history to be aided by the printing press", "56f8074faef2371900625d7b": "friends of Luther translated the 95 Theses from Latin", "56f8074faef2371900625d7c": "95 Theses from Latin", "56f8074faef2371900625d7d": "95 Theses from Latin", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17391": "France", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17392": "Students", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17393": "This early part of Luther's career", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17394": "Three", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17395": "Babylonian Captivity of the Church", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739b": "lectured on the Psalms, the books of Hebrews, Romans, and Galatians.", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739c": "1510 to 1520, Luther lectured on the Psalms, the books of Hebrews, Romans, and Galatians.", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739d": "1510 to 1520, Luther lectured on the Psalms, the books of Hebrews, Romans, and Galatians.", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739e": "From 1510 to 1520, Luther lectured on the Psalms, the books of Hebrews, Romans, and Galatians.", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739f": "1510 to 1520, Luther lectured on the Psalms, the books of Hebrews, Romans, and Galatians.", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d83": "his 1525", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d84": "his 1525", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d85": "his 1525", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d86": "his 1525", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d87": "faith", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8d": "His railing against the sale of indulgences", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8e": "His railing against the sale of indulgences", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8f": "gences", "56f80e1daef2371900625d90": "His railing against the sale of indulgences", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d95": "heresy", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d96": "heresy", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d97": "heresy", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d98": "heresy", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d99": "heresy", "56f811bdaef2371900625d9f": "he deployed a series of papal theologians and envoys against Luther, which served only to harden the reformer's anti-papal theology.", "56f811bdaef2371900625da0": "he deployed a series of papal theologians and envoys against Luther, which served only to harden the reformer's anti-papal theology.", "56f811bdaef2371900625da1": "Augsburg", "56f811bdaef2371900625da2": "he deployed a series of papal theologians and envoys against Luther, which served only to harden the reformer's anti-papal theology.", "56f811bdaef2371900625da3": "he deployed a series of papal theologians and envoys against Luther, which served only to harden the reformer's anti-papal theology.", "56f81393aef2371900625da9": "Saxon", "56f81393aef2371900625daa": "Saxon, who was a relative of the Elector, and promised to remain silent if his opponents did.", "56f81393aef2371900625dab": "The theologian Johann Eck, however, was determined to expose Luther's doctrine in a public forum", "56f81393aef2371900625dac": "Saxon, who was a relative of the Elector, and promised to remain silent if his opponents did.", "56f81393aef2371900625dad": "The theologian Johann Eck", "56f81537aef2371900625db3": "95 Theses, within 60 days.", "56f81537aef2371900625db4": "95 Theses, within 60 days.", "56f81537aef2371900625db5": "95 Theses, within 60 days.", "56f81537aef2371900625db6": "95 Theses, within 60 days.", "56f81537aef2371900625db7": "95 Theses, within 60 days.", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f1": "secular authorities. On 18 April 1521, Luther appeared as ordered before the Diet of Worms", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f2": "On 18 April 1521, Luther appeared as ordered before the Diet of Worms", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f3": "On 18 April 1521, Luther appeared as ordered before the Diet of Worms", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f4": "Worms", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f5": "On 18 April 1521, Luther appeared as ordered before the Diet of Worms", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fb": "Johann Eck, speaking on behalf of the Empire as assistant of the Archbishop of Trier", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fc": "Trier", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fd": "Johann Eck, speaking on behalf of the Empire as assistant of the Archbishop of Trier", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fe": "friends", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173ff": "Johann Eck, speaking on behalf of the Empire as assistant of the Archbishop of Trier", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17415": "Michael Mullett", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17416": "knight winning a bout", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17417": "Michael Mullett", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17418": "knight winning a bout.", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17427": "Mullet", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17428": "Here I stand. I can do no other\".", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17429": "God", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e1742a": "me", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e17439": "private conferences were held to determine Luther's fate.", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743a": "private conferences were held to determine Luther's fate.", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743b": "private conferences were held to determine Luther's fate.", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743c": "private conferences were held to determine Luther's fate.", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743d": "private conferences were held to determine Luther's fate.", "56f82989aef2371900625e6b": "forest", "56f82989aef2371900625e6c": "masked horsemen who were made to appear as armed highwaymen. They escorted Luther to the security of the Wartburg Castle at Eisenach", "56f82989aef2371900625e6d": "forest", "56f82989aef2371900625e6e": "forest", "56f82989aef2371900625e6f": "Mainz", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17457": "hon", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17458": "hon", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17459": "On 1 August 1521, Luther wrote to Melanchthon", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745a": "hon", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745b": "hon", "56f84485aef2371900625f71": "Private Mass", "56f84485aef2371900625f72": "Private Mass, he condemned as idolatry", "56f84485aef2371900625f73": "Private Mass, he condemned as idolatry", "56f84485aef2371900625f74": "Private Mass", "56f84485aef2371900625f75": "Private Mass", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e17519": "Little Horn", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751a": "Little Horn", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751b": "Little Horn", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751c": "Little Horn", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751d": "Little Horn", "56f84760aef2371900625f81": "the ex-Augustinian Gabriel Zwilling, embarked on a radical programme of reform", "56f84760aef2371900625f82": "friars", "56f84760aef2371900625f83": "the Augustinian friars", "56f84760aef2371900625f84": "friars", "56f84760aef2371900625f85": "the ex-Augustinian Gabriel Zwilling, embarked on a radical programme of reform", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e1752f": "eight", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17530": "Wit", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17531": "Wit", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17532": "eight", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17533": "Wit", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9d": "sixth sermon, the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9e": "sixth sermon, the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9f": "sixth sermon, the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa0": "Dr. Martin", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa1": "Dr. Martin's return spread among us! His words, through divine mercy", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa7": "Zwickau", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa8": "conservative force within the Reformation.", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa9": "Zwickau", "56f84b68aef2371900625faa": "Zwickau", "56f84b68aef2371900625fab": "Zwickau", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb1": "peasantry", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb2": "radicalism further afield.", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb3": "the peasantry", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb4": "peasantry", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb5": "the peasantry", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc1": "Twelve Articles", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc2": "Twelve Articles", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc3": "Twelve Articles", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc4": "Twelve Articles", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc5": "Twelve Articles", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754b": "Christ's counsel to \"Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar's\"; St.", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754c": "ignoring Christ's counsel to \"Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar's\"; St.", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754d": "his epistle to the Romans 13:1\u20137 that all authorities", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754e": "St.", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754f": "three grounds. First, in choosing violence over lawful submission to the secular government", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755d": "the Swabian League", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755e": "the Swabian League", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755f": "the Swabian League", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17560": "the Swabian League", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17561": "the Swabian League", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756d": "Katharina", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756e": "herring barrels", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756f": "far different thoughts,\" he wrote to Wenceslaus Link, \"the Lord has plunged me into marriage.", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17570": "Katharina", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17571": "Katharina", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17577": "Johannes Bugenhagen, Justus Jonas, Johannes Apel, Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17578": "On the evening of the same day, the couple was married by Bugenhagen", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17579": "Bugenhagen. The ceremonial walk", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757a": "On the evening of the same day, the couple was married by Bugenhagen", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757b": "Bugenhagen", "56f855caaef2371900625ff3": "Andreas Karlstadt and Justus Jonas", "56f855caaef2371900625ff4": "Andreas Karlstadt and Justus Jonas", "56f855caaef2371900625ff5": "Biblical", "56f855caaef2371900625ff6": "Andreas Karlstadt and Justus Jonas", "56f855caaef2371900625ff7": "Andreas Karlstadt and Justus Jonas", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffd": "Black Cloister", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffe": "Black Cloister", "56f8575aaef2371900625fff": "Black Cloister", "56f8575aaef2371900626000": "Black Cloister", "56f8575aaef2371900626001": "Black Cloister", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175af": "His Biblical ideal of congregations' choosing their own ministers had proved unworkable. According to Bainton", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b0": "His Biblical ideal of congregations' choosing their own ministers had proved unworkable.", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b1": "His Biblical ideal of congregations' choosing their own ministers", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b2": "His Biblical ideal of congregations' choosing their own ministers", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b3": "reason", "56f85bb8aef237190062600f": "confusing or upsetting the people, Luther avoided extreme change. He also did not wish to replace one controlling system with another.", "56f85bb8aef2371900626010": "confusing or upsetting the people, Luther avoided extreme change. He also did not wish to replace one controlling system with another.", "56f85bb8aef2371900626011": "confusing or upsetting the people, Luther avoided extreme change. He also did not wish to replace one controlling system with another.", "56f85bb8aef2371900626012": "his Saxon model.", "56f85bb8aef2371900626013": "confusing or upsetting the people, Luther avoided extreme change. He also did not wish to replace one controlling system with another.", "56f85cf0aef2371900626019": "early 1526.", "56f85cf0aef237190062601a": "He did not intend it as a replacement for his 1523 adaptation of the Latin Mass", "56f85cf0aef237190062601b": "simple people\", a \"public stimulation for people to believe and become Christians.", "56f85cf0aef237190062601c": "early 1526. He did not intend it as a replacement for his 1523 adaptation of the Latin Mass", "56f85cf0aef237190062601d": "a German liturgy, Luther wrote a German Mass, which he published in early 1526", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c3": "Saxony", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c4": "Saxony", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c5": "pastoral", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c6": "Saxony", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c7": "pastoral care and Christian education in the territory.", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cd": "Large", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175ce": "Ten Commandments, the Apostles' Creed, the Lord'", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cf": "Ten Commandments, the Apostles' Creed, the Lord'", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d0": "Ten Commandments, the Apostles' Creed, the Lord'", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d1": "Large", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d7": "Small", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d8": "Small", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d9": "Small", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175da": "Small Catechism has earned a reputation as a model of clear religious teaching", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175db": "Small", "56f86966aef2371900626053": "pastors.", "56f86966aef2371900626054": "Larger Catechism was effective for pastors.", "56f86966aef2371900626055": "Larger Catechism was effective for pastors.", "56f86966aef2371900626056": "Larger Catechism was effective for pastors.", "56f86966aef2371900626057": "Larger Catechism was effective for pastors.", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f5": "his own doctrine.", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f6": "his own doctrine.", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f7": "his own doctrine.", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f8": "alone", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f9": "his own doctrine.", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17605": "the Saxon chancellery", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17606": "the Saxon chancellery", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17607": "Saxon chancellery", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17608": "the Saxon chancellery, intelligible to both northern and southern Germans.", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17609": "Saxon chancellery, intelligible to both northern and southern Germans.", "56f86e91aef2371900626067": "rising demand for German-language publications", "56f86e91aef2371900626068": "rising demand for German-language publications", "56f86e91aef2371900626069": "rising demand for German-language publications", "56f86e91aef237190062606a": "Lucas Cranach that contained anti-papal imagery", "56f86e91aef237190062606b": "rising demand for German-language publications", "56f87000aef2371900626071": "Vom Him", "56f87000aef2371900626072": "German hymns in connection with worship, school, home, and the public arena. He often accompanied the sung hymns with a lute", "56f87000aef2371900626073": "Vom Him", "56f87000aef2371900626074": "a lute", "56f87000aef2371900626075": "a lute", "56f8720eaef237190062608f": "particular events in his life and the unfolding Reformation.", "56f8720eaef2371900626090": "his learning of the execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes, the first individuals to be martyred by the Roman Catholic Church for Lutheran views", "56f8720eaef2371900626091": "particular events in his life and the unfolding Reformation.", "56f8720eaef2371900626092": "particular events in his life and the unfolding Reformation.", "56f8720eaef2371900626093": "particular events in his life and the unfolding Reformation.", "56f87392aef2371900626099": "three-stanza confession of faith", "56f87392aef237190062609a": "an earlier German creedal hymn, gained widespread use in vernacular Lutheran liturgies as early as 1525.", "56f87392aef237190062609b": "adapted and expanded from an earlier German creedal hymn, gained widespread use in vernacular Lutheran liturgies as early as 1525.", "56f87392aef237190062609c": "German creedal hymn", "56f87392aef237190062609d": "vernacular Lutheran liturgies as early as 1525.", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e1766f": "seven", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17670": "seven", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17671": "seven", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17672": "seven", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17673": "seven", "56f87760aef23719006260cc": "evangelical colleagues", "56f87760aef23719006260cd": "Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir\" (\"From depths of woe I cry to you\")", "56f87760aef23719006260ce": "evangelical colleagues", "56f87760aef23719006260cf": "Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir\" (\"From depths of woe I cry to you\")", "56f87760aef23719006260d0": "depths of woe I cry to you\")", "56f879bdaef23719006260de": "Christmas", "56f879bdaef23719006260df": "Ten", "56f879bdaef23719006260e0": "Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland", "56f879bdaef23719006260e1": "Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland", "56f879bdaef23719006260e2": "Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland", "56f87e95aef237190062610a": "1541", "56f87e95aef237190062610b": "Walter", "56f87e95aef237190062610c": "grace; Wolf Heintz's four-part setting of the hymn was used to introduce the Lutheran Reformation in Halle in 1541.", "56f87e95aef237190062610d": "Small Catechism. Luther adopted a preexisting Johann Walter tune", "56f87e95aef237190062610e": "Halle", "56f88025aef237190062611e": "early Lutheran hymnals and spread the ideas of the Reformation.", "56f88025aef237190062611f": "early Lutheran hymnals and spread the ideas of the Reformation.", "56f88025aef2371900626120": "early Lutheran hymnals and spread the ideas of the Reformation.", "56f88025aef2371900626121": "early Lutheran hymnals and spread the ideas of the Reformation.", "56f88025aef2371900626122": "Luther's hymns were included in early Lutheran hymnals and spread the ideas of the Reformation.", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f3": "hymns", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f4": "verses", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f5": "verses", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f6": "verses", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f7": "hymns inspired composers to write music.", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fd": "traditional interpretations of some Bible passages", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fe": "traditional interpretations of some Bible passages", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176ff": "traditional interpretations of some Bible passages", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17700": "John Calvin and Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17701": "traditional interpretations of some Bible passages", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17707": "Gerhard", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17708": "Franz Pieper observed that Luther's teaching about the state of the Christian's soul after death differed from the later Lutheran theologians such as Johann Gerhard", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17709": "1755", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e1770a": "1755", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17723": "dreams", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17724": "Francis Blackburne in 1765", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17725": "Francis Blackburne in 1765", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17726": "Francis Blackburne in 1765", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17727": "1867", "56f88c37aef2371900626176": "fourteen points out of fifteen, the exception being the nature of the Eucharist \u2013 the sacrament of the Lord'", "56f88c37aef2371900626177": "fourteen points out of fifteen, the exception being the nature of the Eucharist \u2013 the sacrament of the Lord'", "56f88c37aef2371900626178": "fourteen points out of fifteen, the exception being the nature of the Eucharist \u2013 the sacrament of the Lord'", "56f88c37aef2371900626179": "fourteen", "56f88c37aef237190062617a": "fourteen", "56f88eafaef2371900626194": "Zwingli, Melanchthon, Martin Bucer,", "56f88eafaef2371900626195": "Zwingli, Melanchthon, Martin Bucer,", "56f88eafaef2371900626196": "Zwingli, Melanchthon, Martin Bucer,", "56f88eafaef2371900626197": "Zwingli, Melanchthon, Martin Bucer,", "56f88eafaef2371900626198": "This cup is the new covenant in my blood\" (1 Corinthians 11:23\u201326)", "56f8907faef23719006261b2": "the disagreements on the Eucharist, the Marburg Colloquy paved the way for the signing in 1530 of the Augsburg Confession", "56f8907faef23719006261b3": "signing in 1530 of the Augsburg Confession", "56f8907faef23719006261b4": "League", "56f8907faef23719006261b5": "Augsburg Confession", "56f8907faef23719006261b6": "nobles", "56f895339e9bad19000a0177": "reason", "56f895339e9bad19000a0178": "reason", "56f895339e9bad19000a0179": "reason", "56f895339e9bad19000a017a": "reason", "56f895339e9bad19000a017b": "reason", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5d": "discouraged mistreatment of the Jews and advocated their conversion by proving that the Old Testament could be shown to speak of Jesus Christ.", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5e": "as the Reformation continued, Luther began to lose hope in large-scale Jewish conversion to Christianity.", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5f": "the Reformation continued, Luther began to lose hope in large-scale Jewish conversion to Christianity.", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c60": "the Reformation continued, Luther began to lose hope in large-scale Jewish conversion to Christianity.", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c61": "mistreatment of the Jews and advocated their conversion by proving that the Old Testament could be shown to speak of Jesus Christ.", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a5": "Suleiman the Magnificent was besieging Vienna with a vast Ottoman army.", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a6": "defeatism.", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a7": "Suleiman the Magnificent was besieging Vienna with a vast Ottoman army.", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a8": "Suleiman", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a9": "Suleiman the Magnificent was besieging Vienna with a vast Ottoman army.", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9d": "Latin", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9e": "Latin", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9f": "Latin", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca0": "Latin", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca1": "Latin", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022b": "pastor", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022c": "pastor", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022d": "pastor", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022e": "pastor", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022f": "pastor", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0251": "second use of the law", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0252": "the law", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0253": "the law", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0254": "the law", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0255": "the law", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025b": "Ten Commandments", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025c": "Ten", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025d": "Ten", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025e": "Ten", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025f": "Ten", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da7": "Ten Commandments, and the beginnings of the renewed life of Christians accorded to them by the sacrament of baptism", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da8": "Ten", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da9": "Luther's teaching of the Ten Commandments", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02b9": "Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02ba": "the bigamy of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bb": "From December 1539, Luther became implicated in the bigamy of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bc": "giving confessional advice for Philip of Hesse", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bd": "Philip", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02eb": "his works dealt with them directly.", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ec": "dealt with them directly.", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ed": "kindness", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ee": "his works dealt with them directly.", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ef": "his career, though only a few of his works dealt with them directly.", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e05": "treatise", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e06": "his 60,000-word treatise Von den Juden und Ihren L\u00fcgen (On the Jews and Their Lies)", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e07": "his 60,000-word treatise Von den Juden und Ihren L\u00fcgen (On the Jews and Their Lies)", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e08": "his 60,000-word treatise Von den Juden und Ihren L\u00fcgen (On the Jews and Their Lies)", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e09": "his 60,000-word treatise", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3b": "Josel", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3c": "Strasbourg", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3d": "Strasbourg", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3e": "works", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3f": "Jose", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e75": "his anti-Jewish rhetoric", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e76": "his anti-Jewish rhetoric", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e77": "his anti-Jewish rhetoric", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e78": "his anti-Jewish rhetoric", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e79": "his anti-Jewish rhetoric", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a0389": "yellow badge", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038a": "yellow badge", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038b": "yellow badge", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038c": "yellow badge", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038d": "yellow badge, \"since after his bitter experience Luther had already suggested preventive measures against the Jews and their expulsion from German territory.", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03bf": "limited", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c0": "limited", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c1": "limited", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c2": "limited", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c3": "limited", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03db": "Judaism", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dc": "Judaism and its adherence rather than the Jews as an ethnic group\u2014their violence lent a new element to the standard Christian suspicion of Judaism. Ronald Berger", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dd": "Ronald Berger", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03de": "Ronald Berger", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03df": "Judaism", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eed": "1983", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eee": "1983", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eef": "vulgar", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef0": "vulgar", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef1": "1983", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f35": "1970", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f36": "1970", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f37": "1970", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f38": "Strommen et al.", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f45": "From 1531 to 1546, his health deteriorated further. The years of struggle with Rome", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f46": "struggle with Rome", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f47": "Hesse", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f48": "Rome", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f49": "Hesse", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f61": "poor physical health", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f62": "Halle", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f63": "poor physical health", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f64": "Halle", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f65": "Market Church in Halle, staying with his friend Justus Jonas", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7d": "Eisleben", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7e": "Eisleben", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7f": "ben, his place of birth, on 15 February 1546", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f80": "territory", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f81": "territory", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a0": "feld", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a1": "Count Albrecht of Mansfeld bringing the industry under his own control.", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a2": "copper mining trade. Their livelihood was threatened by Count Albrecht of Mansfeld bringing the industry under his own control.", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a3": "Count Albrecht of Mansfeld bringing the industry under his own control.", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a4": "Count Albrecht of Mansfeld bringing the industry under his own control.", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c6": "8 a.m., he experienced chest pains", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c7": "8 a.m., he experienced chest pains", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c8": "8 a.m., he experienced chest pains", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c9": "hot towels", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04ca": "hot towels", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e0": "ctic stroke", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e1": "2", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e2": "2:45 a.m. on 18 February 1546, aged 62", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e3": "2:45 a.m. on 18 February 1546, aged 62", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e4": "2", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1007": "Latin", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1008": "Latin", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1009": "Latin", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0514": "stout", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0515": "double chin, strong mouth, piercing deep-set eyes, fleshy face, and squat neck.", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0516": "stout", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0517": "stout", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0518": "stout", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103d": "Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States)", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103e": "Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States)", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103f": "Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States)", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1040": "Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States)", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1041": "Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States)", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d4": "historical political divisions", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d5": "eight", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d6": "historical political divisions. Southern California is a major economic", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d7": "historical political divisions", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d8": "eight", "5705e33f52bb89140068964c": "8- and 10-county definitions are not used for the greater Southern California Megaregion, one of the 11 megaregions of the United States.", "5705e33f52bb89140068964d": "8- and 10-county definitions are not used for the greater Southern California Megaregion, one of the 11 megaregions of the United States.", "5705e33f52bb89140068964e": "8- and 10-county definitions are not used for the greater Southern California Megaregion, one of the 11 megaregions of the United States.", "5705e33f52bb89140068964f": "8- and 10-county definitions are not used for the greater Southern California Megaregion, one of the 11 megaregions of the United States.", "5705e33f52bb891400689650": "8- and 10-county definitions are not used for the greater Southern California Megaregion, one of the 11 megaregions of the United States.", "5705e3f252bb89140068966a": "Ventura, through the Greater Los Angeles Area and the Inland Empire, and down to Greater San Diego.", "5705e3f252bb89140068966b": "seven", "5705e3f252bb89140068966c": "seven", "5705e3f252bb89140068966d": "seven", "5705e3f252bb89140068966e": "seven", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7704": "Colorado Desert and the Colorado River at the border with Arizona, and the Mojave Desert at the border with the", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7705": "Colorado Desert and the Colorado River at the border with Arizona, and the Mojave Desert at the border with the", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7706": "Colorado Desert and the Colorado River at the border with Arizona, and the Mojave", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7707": "Colorado Desert and the Colorado River at the border with Arizona, and the Mojave Desert at the border with the", "5705e63175f01819005e7720": "two major cities, Los Angeles and San Diego, as well as three of the country's largest metropolitan areas.", "5705e63175f01819005e7721": "3,792,621", "5705e63175f01819005e7722": "3,792,621", "5705e63175f01819005e7723": "two major cities, Los Angeles and San Diego, as well as three of the country's largest metropolitan areas.", "5705e63175f01819005e7724": "two major cities, Los Angeles and San Diego, as well as three of the country's largest metropolitan areas.", "5705e99452bb891400689688": "five", "5705e99452bb891400689689": "five most populous in the state and all are in the top 15 most populous counties in the United States.", "5705e99452bb89140068968a": "five", "5705e99452bb89140068968b": "Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino,", "5705e99452bb89140068968c": "five most populous in the state and all are in the top 15 most populous counties in the United States.", "5705eb3375f01819005e7764": "Hollywood, a district within Los Angeles, is also a name associated with the motion picture industry.", "5705eb3375f01819005e7765": "Hollywood, a district within Los Angeles, is also a name associated with the motion picture industry.", "5705eb3375f01819005e7766": "Hollywood, a district within Los Angeles, is also a name associated with the motion picture industry.", "5705eb3375f01819005e7767": "Hollywood, a district within Los Angeles, is also a name associated with the motion picture industry.", "5705eb3375f01819005e7768": "Hollywood, a district within Los Angeles, is also a name associated with the motion picture industry.", "5705ec1675f01819005e776e": "Shaun White", "5705ec1675f01819005e776f": "Shaun White", "5705ec1675f01819005e7770": "Shaun White", "5705ec1675f01819005e7771": "Professional skateboarder Tony Hawk, professional surfers Rob Machado, Tim Curran, Bobby Martinez, Pat O'", "5705ec1675f01819005e7772": "skateboarder Tony Hawk, professional surfers Rob Machado, Tim Curran, Bobby Martinez, Pat O'", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b8": "resort feel", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b9": "Palm Springs", "5705eccb52bb8914006896ba": "resort feel", "5705eccb52bb8914006896bb": "city", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ca": "vary.", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cb": "11 miles (18 km) south of San Jose; however, this does not coincide with popular use of the term.", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cc": "ten", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cd": "vary.", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ce": "vary.", "5705eee952bb8914006896de": "no", "5705eee952bb8914006896df": "political disputes raged between the Californios of Monterey in the upper part and Los Angeles in the lower part of Alta California.", "5705eee952bb8914006896e0": "political disputes raged between the Californios of Monterey", "5705eee952bb8914006896e1": "no", "5705eee952bb8914006896e2": "1850", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a4": "1859", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a5": "Californios (dissatisfied with inequitable taxes and land laws", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a6": "1859", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a7": "1859", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a8": "1859", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f0": "1999", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f1": "seven counties of Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Orange, Riverside, San Diego, Ventura and Santa Barbara.\" In 1999", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f2": "1999", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f3": "1999", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f4": "seven counties of Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Orange, Riverside, San Diego, Ventura and Santa Barbara.\" In 1999", "5705f36452bb891400689718": "regional tourism groups as consisting of northern, central, and southern California regions.", "5705f36452bb891400689719": "the California State Automobile Association", "5705f36452bb89140068971a": "two AAA Auto Clubs", "5705f36452bb89140068971b": "geographical phrase South of the Tehachapis", "5705f36452bb89140068971c": "geographical phrase South of the Tehachapis", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dc": "third most populated megalopolis in the United States, after the Great Lakes Megalopolis and the Northeastern megalopolis.", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dd": "third most populated megalopolis", "5705f7c875f01819005e77de": "suburban communities", "5705f7c875f01819005e77df": "automobiles and highways", "5705f7c875f01819005e77e0": "third most populated megalopolis in the United States, after the Great Lakes Megalopolis and the Northeastern megalopolis.", "5705fb7f52bb891400689750": "5", "5705fb7f52bb891400689751": "Camp Pendleton.", "5705fb7f52bb891400689752": "15", "5705fb7f52bb891400689753": "15", "5705fb7f52bb891400689754": "Camp Pendleton.", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976a": "Mediterranean", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976b": "Mediterranean climate, with infrequent rain", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976c": "Mediterranean climate, with infrequent rain", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976d": "Mediterranean climate. But snow", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976e": "Mediterranean climate, with infrequent rain", "5705fd8475f01819005e7841": "geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes in a diversity outnumbering other major regions in the state and country.", "5705fd8475f01819005e7840": "geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes in a diversity outnumbering other major regions in the state and country.", "5705fd8475f01819005e7842": "topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes in a diversity outnumbering other major regions in the state and country.", "5705fd8475f01819005e7843": "major regions in the state and country.", "5705fd8475f01819005e7844": "Southern California consists of one of the more varied collections of geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes", "5705fec152bb89140068977a": "1994", "5705fec152bb89140068977b": "1994 Northridge earthquake", "5705fec152bb89140068977c": "7", "5705fec152bb89140068977d": "ridge", "5705fec152bb89140068977e": "Northridge earthquake", "5705ffde52bb891400689784": "the San Andreas Fault", "5705ffde52bb891400689785": "the San Andreas Fault, which can produce a magnitude 8.0 event. Other faults include the San Jacinto", "5705ffde52bb891400689786": "the San Jacinto Fault", "5705ffde52bb891400689787": "The USGS", "5705ffde52bb891400689788": "The USGS", "570602fa52bb89140068979e": "economically", "570602fa52bb89140068979f": "economic", "570602fa52bb8914006897a0": "economic", "570603c475f01819005e7882": "22,680,010.", "570603c475f01819005e7883": "high growth", "570603c475f01819005e7884": "high growth rates, southern California's rate grew less than the state average of 10.0%", "570603c475f01819005e7885": "tech-oriented economy", "570603c475f01819005e7886": "southern California has a population of 22,680,010.", "5706074552bb8914006897d4": "one Combined Statistical Area, eight Metropolitan Statistical Areas, one international metropolitan area, and multiple metropolitan divisions.", "5706074552bb8914006897d5": "two", "5706074552bb8914006897d6": "five million", "5706074552bb8914006897d7": "one Combined Statistical Area, eight Metropolitan Statistical Areas, one international metropolitan area, and multiple metropolitan divisions.", "5706074552bb8914006897d8": "Southern California consists of one Combined Statistical Area, eight Metropolitan Statistical Areas, one international metropolitan area, and multiple metropolitan divisions.", "570607f575f01819005e78b4": "3.7", "570607f575f01819005e78b5": "3", "570607f575f01819005e78b6": "3.7", "570607f575f01819005e78b7": "3.7", "570607f575f01819005e78b8": "coast", "5706094b52bb8914006897de": "petroleum", "5706094b52bb8914006897df": "petroleum", "5706094b52bb8914006897e0": "housing bubble", "5706094b52bb8914006897e1": "petroleum", "5706094b52bb8914006897e2": "bubble 2001\u20132007, and has been heavily impacted by the housing crash", "57060a1175f01819005e78d2": "aerospace", "57060a1175f01819005e78d3": "aerospace", "57060a1175f01819005e78d5": "military spending cutbacks", "57060a1175f01819005e78d4": "aerospace", "57060a1175f01819005e78d6": "aerospace", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f8": "major business districts", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f9": "Southern California is home to many major business districts.", "57060a6e52bb8914006897fa": "major business districts", "57060cc352bb89140068980e": "Glendale and Downtown Long Beach. Los Angeles itself has many business districts including the Downtown Los Angeles central business district", "57060cc352bb89140068980f": "Burbank, Downtown Santa Monica, Downtown Glendale and Downtown Long Beach. Los Angeles itself has many business districts including the Downtown Los Angeles central business district", "57060cc352bb891400689810": "Burbank, Downtown Santa Monica, Downtown Glendale and Downtown Long Beach. Los Angeles itself has many business districts including the Downtown Los Angeles central business district", "57060cc352bb891400689811": "Burbank, Downtown Santa Monica, Downtown Glendale and Downtown Long Beach. Los Angeles itself has many business districts including the Downtown Los Angeles central business district", "57060df252bb891400689820": "Downtown San Bernardino, Hospitality Business/Financial Centre, University Town which are in San Bernardino and Downtown Riverside.", "57060df252bb891400689821": "Downtown San Bernardino, Hospitality Business/Financial Centre", "57060df252bb891400689822": "Downtown San Bernardino, Hospitality Business/Financial Centre", "57060eaf75f01819005e7910": "Orange County is a rapidly developing business center that includes Downtown Santa Ana", "57060eaf75f01819005e7911": "Orange County is a rapidly developing business center that includes Downtown Santa Ana", "57060eaf75f01819005e7912": "Irvine Tech Center", "57060eaf75f01819005e7913": "South Coast Metro and Newport Center districts", "57060eaf75f01819005e7914": "Downtown Santa Ana", "57060f3e75f01819005e7922": "Downtown San Diego is the central business district of San Diego, though the city is filled with business districts", "57060f3e75f01819005e7923": "Downtown San Diego is the central business district of San Diego, though the city is filled with business districts", "57060f3e75f01819005e7924": "Downtown San Diego is the central business district of San Diego, though the city is filled with business districts", "57060f3e75f01819005e7925": "Downtown San Diego is the central business district of San Diego, though the city is filled with business districts", "570610b275f01819005e792a": "second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume", "570610b275f01819005e792b": "Southern California is home to Los Angeles International Airport, the second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume", "570610b275f01819005e792c": "second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume", "570610b275f01819005e792d": "Southern California is home to Los Angeles International Airport, the second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume", "570610b275f01819005e792e": "second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume", "5706111a52bb89140068984c": "seven", "5706111a52bb89140068984d": "seven", "5706111a52bb89140068984e": "seven", "5706111a52bb89140068984f": "seven", "570611c475f01819005e793c": "Long Beach, the United States' second busiest container port; and the Port of San Diego.", "570611c475f01819005e793d": "Long Beach, the United States' second busiest container port; and the Port of San Diego.", "570611c475f01819005e793e": "Long Beach, the United States' second busiest container port; and the Port of San Diego.", "5706139252bb891400689864": "5", "5706139252bb891400689865": "5", "5706139252bb891400689866": "5", "5706139252bb891400689867": "5", "5706139252bb891400689868": "5", "5706143575f01819005e7950": "Los Angeles Kings, Anaheim Ducks); and MLS (LA Galaxy).", "5706143575f01819005e7951": "Los Angeles Kings, Anaheim Ducks); and MLS (LA Galaxy).", "5706143575f01819005e7952": "Los Angeles Kings, Anaheim Ducks); and MLS (LA Galaxy).", "5706143575f01819005e7953": "Los Angeles Kings, Anaheim Ducks); and MLS (LA Galaxy).", "5706143575f01819005e7954": "Los Angeles Kings, Anaheim Ducks); and MLS (LA Galaxy).", "5706149552bb891400689880": "Galaxy", "5706149552bb891400689881": "Galaxy", "5706149552bb891400689882": "Galaxy", "5706149552bb891400689883": "LA Galaxy", "5706149552bb891400689884": "Galaxy and Chivas USA \u2014 that both played at the StubHub Center", "570614ff52bb89140068988a": "College sports", "570614ff52bb89140068988b": "sports", "570614ff52bb89140068988c": "College sports", "570614ff52bb89140068988d": "sports", "570614ff52bb89140068988e": "College sports", "5706155352bb891400689894": "Rugby", "5706155352bb891400689895": "Rugby", "5706155352bb891400689896": "Rugby is also a growing sport in southern California, particularly at the high school level, with increasing numbers of schools adding rugby", "57092322efce8f15003a7db0": "equal merger of Sky Television and British Satellite Broadcasting, BSkyB became the UK's largest digital subscription television company.", "57092322efce8f15003a7db1": "1990 by the equal merger of Sky Television and British Satellite Broadcasting, BSkyB", "57092322efce8f15003a7db2": "the equal merger of Sky Television and British Satellite Broadcasting, BSkyB became the UK's largest digital subscription television company.", "57092322efce8f15003a7db3": "2014 acquisition of Sky Italia", "57092322efce8f15003a7db4": "2014 acquisition of Sky Italia", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc4": "the European Commission, which deemed the exclusivity of the rights to be against the interests of competition and the consumer, BSkyB", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc5": "the European Commission, which deemed the exclusivity of the rights to be against the interests of competition and the consumer, BSkyB", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc6": "the European Commission, which deemed the exclusivity of the rights to be against the interests of competition and the consumer, BSkyB", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc7": "the European Commission, which deemed the exclusivity of the rights to be against the interests of competition and the consumer, BSkyB", "57094b4f9928a814004714f6": "ONdigital consortium", "57094b4f9928a814004714f7": "the ONdigital", "57094b4f9928a814004714f8": "three", "57094b4f9928a814004714f9": "three BSkyB channels were available on this platform", "57094b4f9928a814004714fa": "three BSkyB channels were available on this platform", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd6": "no extra charge. Customers that do not subscribe to BSkyB's channels can still pay a monthly fee to enable Sky+ functions.", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd7": "premium channels", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd8": "additional subscription fees for using a Sky+ PVR", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd9": "additional subscription fees for using a Sky+ PVR", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dda": "no extra charge. Customers that do not subscribe to BSkyB's channels can still pay a monthly fee to enable Sky+ functions.", "57094d489928a8140047150a": "Guard pay-TV scrambling system", "57094d489928a8140047150b": "BSkyB utilises the VideoGuard pay-TV scrambling system", "57094d489928a8140047150c": "BSkyB utilises the VideoGuard pay-TV scrambling system", "57094d489928a8140047150d": "BSkyB", "57094d489928a8140047150e": "the VideoGuard pay-TV scrambling system", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dff": "basic channels", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dfe": "basic channels from the network on 1 March 2007", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e00": "Sky channels on cable TV. The failure to renew the existing carriage agreements negotiated with NTL and Telewest resulted in Virgin Media removing the basic channels", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e01": "2007", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e02": "2007", "570960cf200fba1400367f01": "the English High Court of Justice", "570960cf200fba1400367f02": "On", "570960cf200fba1400367f03": "service", "570960cf200fba1400367f04": "service", "570960cf200fba1400367f05": "BSkyB and Microsoft announced their settlement, in which Microsoft will not appeal the ruling, and will rename its SkyDrive cloud storage service", "570961aa200fba1400367f15": "four", "570961aa200fba1400367f16": "four", "570961aa200fba1400367f17": "four", "570961aa200fba1400367f18": "Sky Digital platform", "570961aa200fba1400367f19": "four", "570963a5200fba1400367f33": "11 million customers as of 2015. It was the UK's most popular digital TV service until it was overtaken by Freeview", "570963a5200fba1400367f34": "Isleworth", "570963a5200fba1400367f35": "11 million", "570963a5200fba1400367f36": "Freeview", "57096505ed30961900e84082": "On 18 November 2015, Sky announced Sky Q, a range of products and services to be available in 2016.", "57096505ed30961900e84083": "three", "57096505ed30961900e84084": "three", "57096505ed30961900e84085": "three", "57096505ed30961900e84086": "On 18 November 2015, Sky announced Sky Q, a range of products and services to be available in 2016.", "570966e0200fba1400367f4f": "BSkyB's standard definition broadcasts are in DVB-compliant MPEG-2", "570966e0200fba1400367f50": "BSkyB's standard definition broadcasts are in DVB-compliant MPEG-2", "570966e0200fba1400367f51": "MPEG-4", "570966e0200fba1400367f52": "OpenTV system", "570966e0200fba1400367f53": "Sky+ HD material is broadcast using MPEG-4", "570967c4ed30961900e840ba": "1998", "570967c4ed30961900e840bb": "1998", "570967c4ed30961900e840bc": "1998", "570967c4ed30961900e840bd": "1998", "570967c4ed30961900e840be": "1998", "5709686c200fba1400367f77": "Sky+ HD, on 22 May 2006", "5709686c200fba1400367f78": "2006", "5709686c200fba1400367f79": "Thomson", "5709686c200fba1400367f7a": "BSkyB launched its HDTV service, Sky+ HD, on 22 May 2006", "5709686c200fba1400367f7b": "2006", "57096b66200fba1400367fa7": "three", "57096b66200fba1400367fa8": "2007", "57096b66200fba1400367fa9": "the digital terrestrial platform", "57096b66200fba1400367faa": "2007", "57096b66200fba1400367fab": "2007", "57096c95200fba1400367fbb": "free to air channels.", "57096c95200fba1400367fbc": "free to air channels.", "57096c95200fba1400367fbd": "free to air channels.", "57096c95200fba1400367fbe": "pointed at the correct satellite constellation; most digital receivers will receive the free to air channels.", "57096c95200fba1400367fbf": "Sky service", "57096e1ced30961900e84102": "ITV", "57096e1ced30961900e84103": "ITV were the current rights holders, and fought hard to retain the new rights. ITV had increased its offer from \u00a318m", "57096e1ced30961900e84104": "\u00a318m", "57096e1ced30961900e84105": "\u00a318m", "57096e1ced30961900e84106": "Premier League for a five-year period, from the 1992 season", "57096f37200fba1400367fe5": "open access being an enforced part of their operating licence from Ofcom", "57096f37200fba1400367fe6": "channels", "57096f37200fba1400367fe7": "open access being an enforced part of their operating licence from Ofcom.", "57096f37200fba1400367fe8": "open access being an enforced part of their operating licence from Ofcom.", "57096f37200fba1400367fe9": "open access being an enforced part of their operating licence from Ofcom.", "57097051ed30961900e84132": "1998", "57097051ed30961900e84133": "1998", "57097051ed30961900e84134": "1998", "57097051ed30961900e84135": "1998", "57097051ed30961900e84136": "1998", "57097141200fba1400367ff9": "2007", "57097141200fba1400367ffa": "Virgin Media (re-branded in 2007", "57097141200fba1400367ffb": "2007", "57097141200fba1400367ffc": "BBC", "57097141200fba1400367ffd": "2007", "57097b50200fba140036804d": "10", "57097b50200fba140036804e": "10 million homes in 2010, Europe's first pay-TV platform in to achieve that milestone.", "57097b50200fba140036804f": "2004", "57097b50200fba1400368050": "10 million homes in 2010, Europe's first pay-TV platform in to achieve that milestone.", "57097b50200fba1400368051": "10 million homes in 2010, Europe's first pay-TV platform in to achieve that milestone.", "57097c8fed30961900e841f2": "The Daily Mail newspaper reported in 2012 that the UK government's benefits agency", "57097c8fed30961900e841f3": "sports channels", "57097c8fed30961900e841f4": "sports channels", "57097c8fed30961900e841f5": "sports channels", "57097c8fed30961900e841f6": "sports channels", "57097d63ed30961900e841fc": "\u00a330m", "57097d63ed30961900e841fd": "additional Video On Demand and High Definition content", "57097d63ed30961900e841fe": "basic channels", "57097d63ed30961900e841ff": "basic channels", "57097d63ed30961900e84200": "basic channels", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3d": "mining", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3e": "mining", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3f": "mining", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c40": "mining", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c41": "mining", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c47": "1857", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c48": "1857", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c49": "Bright", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4a": "1857", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4b": "1857", "570d26efb3d812140066d48f": "November 2006", "570d26efb3d812140066d490": "reduced from 44 to 40 and their term of office is now the same as the lower house members\u2014four years.", "570d26efb3d812140066d491": "reduced from 44 to 40 and their term of office is now the same as the lower house members\u2014four years.", "570d26efb3d812140066d492": "their term of office is now the same as the lower house members\u2014four years.", "570d26efb3d812140066d493": "reduced from 44 to 40 and their term of office is now the same as the lower house members\u2014four years.", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a3": "Labor", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a4": "Labor", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a5": "Labor", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a6": "Labor", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a7": "Labor", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bd": "Buddhism", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4be": "Buddhism", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bf": "Buddhism", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c0": "Buddhism", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c1": "Buddhism", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c93": "Vic)", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c94": "the south-east", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c95": "the south-east", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c96": "the south-east", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c97": "the south-east of Australia.", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca7": "1803", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca8": "1803", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca9": "1803", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45caa": "1803", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45cab": "1803", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbb": "6,000 square kilometres (2,300 sq mi) is sown for hay.", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbc": "6,000 square kilometres (2,300 sq mi) is sown for hay.", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbd": "6,000 square kilometres (2,300 sq mi) is sown for hay.", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbe": "6,000 square kilometres (2,300 sq mi) is sown for hay.", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbf": "6,000 square kilometres (2,300 sq mi) is sown for hay.", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45ccf": "1975", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd0": "1975", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd1": "1975", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd2": "1975", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd3": "1975", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce3": "Hopetoun", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce4": "Hopetoun", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce5": "Hopetoun", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce6": "Hopetoun", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce7": "cool mountain elevations", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d01": "the Victoria Department of Education . Students do not pay tuition fees, but some extra costs are levied.", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d02": "the Victoria Department of Education . Students do not pay tuition fees, but some extra costs are levied.", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d03": "some extra costs are levied.", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d04": "the Victoria Department of Education . Students do not pay tuition fees, but some extra costs are levied.", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d05": "the Victoria Department of Education . Students do not pay tuition fees, but some extra costs are levied.", "570d3468b3d812140066d543": "closure announcements by all three companies in the 21st century will mean that Australia will no longer be a base for the global car industry", "570d3468b3d812140066d544": "closure announcements by all three companies in the 21st century will mean that Australia will no longer be a base for the global car industry", "570d3468b3d812140066d545": "Ford", "570d3468b3d812140066d546": "Victoria", "570d3468b3d812140066d547": "closure announcements by all three companies in the 21st century will mean that Australia will no longer be a base for the global car industry", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54d": "Mount Bogong", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54e": "Mount Bogong", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54f": "snow-covered Victorian alpine areas which rise to almost 2,000 m (6,600 ft), with Mount Bogong", "570d35b7b3d812140066d550": "Mount", "570d35b7b3d812140066d551": "Mount", "570d391fb3d812140066d575": "eo", "570d391fb3d812140066d576": "Great Dividing Range", "570d391fb3d812140066d577": "eo", "570d391fb3d812140066d578": "eo", "570d391fb3d812140066d579": "eo", "570d4030fed7b91900d45d9f": "several private and public railway operators who operate over government-owned lines. Major operators include: Metro Trains Melbourne", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da0": "several private and public railway operators who operate over government-owned lines. Major operators include: Metro Trains Melbourne", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da1": "several private and public railway operators who operate over government-owned lines. Major operators include: Metro Trains Melbourne", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da2": "several private and public railway operators who operate over government-owned lines. Major operators include: Metro Trains Melbourne", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da3": "several private and public railway operators who operate over government-owned lines. Major operators include: Metro Trains Melbourne", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbd": "Daniel Andrews", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbe": "Daniel Andrews", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbf": "Daniel Andrews", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc0": "Daniel Andrews", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc1": "Daniel Andrews", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd7": "absolute independence of Victoria from New South Wales was established proclaiming a new Colony of Victoria. Days later, still in 1851 gold was discovered near Ballarat", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd8": "first Victorian Legislative Council", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd9": "On 1 July 1851, writs were issued for the election of the first Victorian Legislative Council", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dda": "arat", "570d4329fed7b91900d45ddb": "absolute independence of Victoria from New South Wales was established proclaiming a new Colony of Victoria. Days later, still in 1851 gold was discovered near Ballarat", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fd": "1,548", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fe": "August 2010, Victoria had 1,548 public schools, 489", "570d44abb3d812140066d5ff": "1,548", "570d44abb3d812140066d600": "63,519", "570d44abb3d812140066d601": "private students attend Catholic schools", "570d4606b3d812140066d619": "2.4 million beef cattle, with more than 2.2 million cattle and calves slaughtered each year.", "570d4606b3d812140066d61a": "2.4 million beef cattle, with more than 2.2 million cattle and calves slaughtered each year.", "570d4606b3d812140066d61b": "2.4 million beef cattle, with more than 2.2 million cattle and calves slaughtered each year.", "570d4606b3d812140066d61c": "Blacklipped abalone", "570d4606b3d812140066d61d": "Blacklipped abalone", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62d": "several smaller freight operators", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62e": "interstate trunk routes", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62f": "Victorian lines mainly use the 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) broad gauge. However, the interstate trunk routes", "570d47b8b3d812140066d630": "mountainous", "570d47b8b3d812140066d631": "Victorian lines mainly use the 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) broad gauge. However, the interstate trunk routes", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e13": "1803 under Lieutenant-Governor David Collins", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e14": "Collins", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e15": "1803 under Lieutenant-Governor David Collins", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e16": "Calcutta", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e31": "miners protesting against mining taxes", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e33": "miners protesting against mining taxes", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e32": "mining taxes", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e34": "miners protesting against mining taxes", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e35": "miners protesting against mining taxes", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66d": "Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66e": "Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66f": "Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d670": "Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d671": "Daniel Andrews", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7d": "the gross value of Victorian agricultural production increased by 17% to $8.7 billion. This represented 24% of national agricultural production total gross value.", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7e": "the gross value of Victorian agricultural production increased by 17% to $8.7 billion. This represented 24% of national agricultural production total gross value.", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7f": "small horticultural outfits", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e80": "small horticultural outfits", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e81": "2004", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bb": "Major events also play a big part in tourism in Victoria, particularly cultural tourism and sports tourism. Most of these events are centred on Melbourne", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bc": "Major events also play a big part in tourism in Victoria, particularly cultural tourism and sports tourism. Most of these events are centred on Melbourne", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bd": "Major events also play a big part in tourism in Victoria, particularly cultural tourism and sports tourism. Most of these events are centred on Melbourne", "570d529fb3d812140066d6be": "Major events also play a big part in tourism in Victoria, particularly cultural tourism and sports tourism. Most of these events are centred on Melbourne", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bf": "Major events also play a big part in tourism in Victoria, particularly cultural tourism and sports tourism. Most of these events are centred on Melbourne", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699e": "southern and central parts of France, about one-eighth the number of French Catholics.", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699f": "Nantes", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a0": "intermittent", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a1": "intermittently from 1562 to 1598. The wars finally ended with the granting of the Edict of Nantes", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a2": "political concessions", "57106185b654c5140001f8db": "unclear origins. Various hypotheses have been promoted.", "57106185b654c5140001f8dd": "religious", "57106185b654c5140001f8dc": "Besan\u00e7on Hugues", "57106185b654c5140001f8de": "Be", "57106185b654c5140001f8df": "Dutch", "57106644b654c5140001f8e5": "vernacular languages was important to the spread of the Protestant movement", "57106644b654c5140001f8e6": "vernacular languages was important to the spread of the Protestant movement", "57106644b654c5140001f8e7": "vernacular languages was important to the spread of the Protestant movement", "57106644b654c5140001f8e8": "R\u00e9ly", "57106644b654c5140001f8e9": "vernacular languages was important to the spread of the Protestant movement", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8ef": "Tension with Paris led to a siege by the royal army in 1622", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f0": "1622", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f2": "1622", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f1": "the royal army in 1622", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f3": "1622", "571077ecb654c5140001f909": "Maria de la Queillerie", "571077ecb654c5140001f90a": "Maria de la Queillerie", "571077ecb654c5140001f90b": "Maria de la Queillerie", "571077ecb654c5140001f90c": "Maria de la Queillerie", "571077ecb654c5140001f90d": "Maria de la Queillerie", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ca": "Jess\u00e9 de Forest", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cb": "Jess\u00e9 de Forest", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cc": "Jess\u00e9 de Forest", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cd": "Jess\u00e9 de Forest", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ce": "Jess\u00e9 de Forest", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69df": "He became pastor of the first Huguenot church in North America in that city.", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e1": "He became pastor of the first Huguenot church in North America in that city.", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e2": "He became pastor of the first Huguenot church in North America in that city.", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e0": "1697", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69de": "He became pastor of the first Huguenot church in North America in that city.", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e8": "Augsburg", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e9": "Augsburg", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ea": "Augsburg", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69eb": "Augsburg", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ec": "Augsburg", "57107d73b654c5140001f91d": "Renewed religious warfare", "57107d73b654c5140001f91e": "Renewed religious warfare", "57107d73b654c5140001f91f": "Renewed religious warfare", "57107d73b654c5140001f920": "Renewed religious warfare", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f2": "St.", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f3": "St.", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f4": "St.", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f5": "St.", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f6": "political", "57108073b654c5140001f927": "the Huguenots", "57108073b654c5140001f926": "1620 the Huguenots", "57108073b654c5140001f928": "1620", "57108073b654c5140001f929": "1620 the Huguenots were on the defensive, and the government increasingly applied pressure.", "57108073b654c5140001f925": "1620", "57108198b654c5140001f937": "Long integrated into Australian society, it is encouraged by the Huguenot Society of Australia", "57108198b654c5140001f938": "Long integrated into Australian society, it is encouraged by the Huguenot Society of Australia", "57108198b654c5140001f939": "Long integrated into Australian society, it is encouraged by the Huguenot Society of Australia", "57108198b654c5140001f93a": "Alsace in northeast France and the C\u00e9vennes mountain region in the south, who still regard themselves as Huguenots to this day.", "57108198b654c5140001f93b": "Alsace in northeast France and the C\u00e9vennes mountain region in the south, who still regard themselves as Huguenots to this day.", "57108c95b654c5140001f979": "Huguenot immigrants did not disperse or settle in different parts of the country, but rather, formed three societies or congregations", "57108c95b654c5140001f97a": "three societies or congregations", "57108c95b654c5140001f97b": "the oldest street in the United States of America.", "57108c95b654c5140001f97c": "the oldest street in the United States of America.", "57108c95b654c5140001f97d": "the oldest street in the United States of America.", "57108d69b654c5140001f983": "the Edict of Nantes, the Dutch Republic", "57108d69b654c5140001f984": "Huguenot refugees, an estimated total of 75,000 to 100,000 people. Amongst them were 200 clergy", "57108d69b654c5140001f985": "the Edict of Nantes", "57108d69b654c5140001f986": "the Edict of Nantes", "57108d69b654c5140001f987": "the Edict of Nantes", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1a": "superstitious worship; popular fancy held that Huguon", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1b": "superstitious worship; popular fancy held that Huguon", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1c": "superstitious worship; popular fancy held that Huguon", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1d": "political purposes", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1e": "political purposes", "571090abb654c5140001f995": "river", "571090abb654c5140001f996": "the river", "571090abb654c5140001f997": "river", "571090abb654c5140001f998": "river", "571090abb654c5140001f999": "the river", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a41": "a High Sheriff and one of the founders of the Bank of Ireland.", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a40": "High Sheriff and one of the founders of the Bank of Ireland.", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a42": "High Sheriff and one of the founders of the Bank of Ireland.", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a43": "Dublin, named after a High Sheriff and one of the founders of the Bank of Ireland.", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a44": "a High Sheriff and one of the founders of the Bank of Ireland.", "57109275b654c5140001f99f": "Catholics", "57109275b654c5140001f9a0": "Catholics", "57109275b654c5140001f9a1": "non-Catholics", "57109275b654c5140001f9a2": "Catholics", "57109275b654c5140001f9a3": "slow rate of population growth compared to that of the neighbouring British colonies, which opened settlement to religious dissenters.", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5c": "Navarre", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5d": "Navarre", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5e": "brief periods of peace, continued for nearly another quarter-century. The warfare was definitively quelled in 1598, when Henry of Navarre", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5f": "interests", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a60": "Navarre", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a66": "Protestant services", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a67": "Protestant services", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a68": "disastrous to the Huguenots", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a69": "It proved disastrous to the Huguenots", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a6a": "Protestant services", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a76": "Portuguese", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a77": "Switzerland", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a78": "Switzerland", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a79": "Portuguese", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a7a": "faith to express their beliefs to the Portuguese. This was their death sentence. This document, the Guanabara Confession of Faith", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a86": "Afrikaans-speaking, have surnames indicating their French Huguenot ancestry.", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a87": "French names. Many families, today mostly Afrikaans-speaking, have surnames indicating their French Huguenot ancestry.", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a88": "French names.", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a89": "farms in the Western Cape province in South Africa still bear French names.", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a98": "Jack Jouett, who made the ride from Cuckoo Tavern to warn Thomas Jefferson and others that Tarleton", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a99": "the Articles of Confederation", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9a": "the Articles of Confederation", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9b": "the Articles of Confederation", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9c": "Henry Laurens, who signed the Articles of Confederation", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab2": "Dover", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab3": "Dover", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab4": "Dover", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab5": "Dover", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b3": "Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt.", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b4": "French", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b5": "French language in their church services for nearly a century. They ultimately decided to switch to German", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b6": "German", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b7": "French", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b26": "his war-ravaged and underpopulated country.", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b27": "his war-ravaged and underpopulated country.", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b28": "his war-ravaged and underpopulated country.", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b29": "his war-ravaged and underpopulated country.", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b2a": "his war-ravaged and underpopulated country.", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b30": "Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b31": "Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b32": "Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b33": "Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b34": "Jean Ribault", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa17": "naval officer Jean Ribault led an expedition that explored Florida and the present-day Southeastern U.S., and founded the outpost of Charlesfort", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa18": "naval officer Jean Ribault", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa19": "naval officer Jean Ribault", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1a": "naval officer Jean Ribault led an expedition that explored Florida and the present-day Southeastern U.S., and founded the outpost of Charlesfort", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1b": "naval officer Jean Ribault", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3a": "the English Crown had promised them land grants in Lower Norfolk County.", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3b": "the English Crown had promised them land grants in Lower Norfolk County.", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3c": "the English Crown had promised them land grants in Lower Norfolk County.", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3d": "the English Crown had promised them land grants in Lower Norfolk County.", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3e": "the English Crown had promised them land grants in Lower Norfolk County.", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2b": "Silent", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2c": "Silent", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2d": "Silent", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2e": "Silent", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2f": "Silent", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b60": "the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b61": "the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b62": "1708", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b63": "Andrew Lortie", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b64": "Andr\u00e9", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b72": "William of Orange", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b73": "an act of parliament for Protestants' settling in Ireland. Huguenot regiments fought for William of Orange", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b74": "an act of parliament for Protestants' settling in Ireland. Huguenot regiments fought for William of Orange", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b75": "flax cultivation", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b76": "an act of parliament for Protestants' settling in Ireland. Huguenot regiments fought for William of Orange", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa45": "1604", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa46": "Cond\u00e9", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa47": "Count Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbr\u00fccken to establish a Huguenot community", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa48": "Count Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbr\u00fccken to establish a Huguenot community in present-day Saarland in 1604", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa49": "Count Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbr\u00fccken to establish a Huguenot community in present-day Saarland in 1604", "5711119cb654c5140001fae3": "Protestant European nations such as England, Wales, Scotland", "5711119cb654c5140001fae4": "The bulk of Huguenot \u00e9migr\u00e9s relocated to Protestant European nations such as England, Wales, Scotland", "5711119cb654c5140001fae6": "the Channel Islands,", "5711119cb654c5140001fae5": "Channel Islands,", "5711119cb654c5140001fae7": "Huguenot", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcc": "t", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcd": "Janet Gray", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bce": "little", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcf": "hypothesis", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bd0": "Hugues hypothesis", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd6": "Jacques Lefevre", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd7": "Jacques Lefevre", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd8": "Jacques Lefevre", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd9": "Jacques Lefevre (c.", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bda": "Jacques Lefevre", "57111428b654c5140001faff": "Huguenots in Paris. Similar massacres took place in other towns in the weeks following.", "57111428b654c5140001fb00": "Toulouse", "57111428b654c5140001fb01": "St.", "57111428b654c5140001fb02": "Huguenots in Paris. Similar massacres took place in other towns in the weeks following.", "57111429b654c5140001fb03": "Huguenots in Paris. Similar massacres took place in other towns in the weeks following.", "571114cfb654c5140001fb09": "dragonnades", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0a": "dragonnades, which included the occupation and looting of Huguenot homes by military troops, in an effort to forcibly convert them. In 1685", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0b": "he sent missionaries, backed by a fund to financially reward converts to Catholicism. Then he imposed penalties, closed Huguenot schools", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0c": "closed Huguenot schools", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0d": "military troops", "5711163bb654c5140001fb13": "Huguenots in New York.", "5711163bb654c5140001fb14": "Davenports Neck called \"Bauffet's Point\" after traveling from England where they had previously taken refuge on account of religious persecution", "5711163bb654c5140001fb15": "Davenports Neck called \"Bauffet's Point\" after traveling from England where they had previously taken refuge on account of religious persecution", "5711163bb654c5140001fb16": "Jacob Leisler", "5711163bb654c5140001fb17": "Davenports Neck called \"Bauffet's Point\" after traveling from England where they had previously taken refuge on account of religious persecution", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c00": "Huguenots", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c01": "Their descendants in many families continued to use French first names and surnames for their children well into the nineteenth century.", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c02": "Huguenots", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c03": "French first names", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c04": "Lavoisier, established the Eleutherian gunpowder mills", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0a": "Pierre Bayle", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0b": "Rotterdam", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0c": "Rotterdam", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0d": "Pierre Bayle", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0e": "Nicolas", "57111992b654c5140001fb43": "Royal Charter in 1550. It is now located at Soho Square.", "57111992b654c5140001fb44": "French Protestant Church of London was established by Royal Charter in 1550. It is now located at Soho Square.", "57111992b654c5140001fb45": "Royal Charter in 1550. It is now located at Soho Square.", "57111992b654c5140001fb46": "Norwich", "57111992b654c5140001fb47": "Black Eagle Brewery", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3c": "special privileges (Edict of Potsdam) and churches in which to worship (such as the Church of St.", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3d": "special privileges (Edict of Potsdam) and churches in which to worship (such as the Church of St.", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3e": "special privileges (Edict of Potsdam", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3f": "special privileges (Edict of Potsdam) and churches in which to worship (such as the Church of St.", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c40": "special privileges (Edict of Potsdam) and churches in which to worship (such as the Church of St.", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c50": "his realms, and a number of their descendants rose to positions of prominence in Prussia.", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c51": "Brandenburg, invited Huguenots to settle in his realms, and a number of their descendants rose to positions of prominence in Prussia.", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c52": "poet Theodor Fontane, General Hermann von Fran\u00e7ois", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c53": "Huguenots to settle in his realms, and a number of their descendants rose to positions of prominence in Prussia.", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c54": "Lothar de Maizi\u00e8re, is also a descendant of a Huguenot family, as is the German Federal Minister of the Interior", "57112686b654c5140001fbd3": "Rankine cycle.", "57112686b654c5140001fbd4": "Rankine cycle", "57112686b654c5140001fbd5": "Rankine cycle", "57112686b654c5140001fbd6": "Rankine cycle", "57112686b654c5140001fbd7": "Rankine cycle", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb2": "atmospheric engine", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb3": "Thomas Newcomen around 1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb4": "Thomas Newcomen around 1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb5": "atmospheric engine, invented by Thomas Newcomen around 1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb6": "atmospheric engine, invented by Thomas Newcomen around 1712", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc4": "Richard Trevithick", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc5": "Richard Trevithick", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc6": "Richard Trevithick", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc7": "Richard Trevithick", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc8": "Richard Trevithick", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0e": "Rankine cycle and most practical steam engines have a water pump", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0f": "multi-stage centrifugal pumps", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d10": "1850s", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d11": "1850s", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d12": "1850s", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d18": "multiple", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d19": "multiple", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1a": "multiple expansion engine. Such engines use either three or four expansion stages", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1b": "multiple expansion engine. Such engines use either three or four expansion stages", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1c": "multiple", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d22": "trip mechanisms or cams profiled so as to give ideal events", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d23": "various patent valve gears with a separate, variable cutoff expansion valve riding on the back of the main slide valve; the latter usually had fixed or limited", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d24": "increased friction", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc1f": "Lead", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc20": "lead", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc21": "Lead fusible plugs may be present in the crown of the boiler's firebox. If the water level drops", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc22": "lead", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc23": "Lead", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d28": "1883", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d29": "ten", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2a": "1883", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2b": "1883", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2c": "1883", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d32": "pile", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d33": "pile", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d34": "pile", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d35": "Taqi al-Din", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d36": "undated mines", "57113f83b654c5140001fc29": "compound engines", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2a": "compound engines", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2b": "compound engines", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2d": "compound engines", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2c": "compound engines", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5a": "the use of steam turbines", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5b": "late part of the 19th century.", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5c": "hundred", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5d": "fewer moving parts", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5e": "steam turbines", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6e": "various sources, most commonly from burning combustible materials", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6f": "closed space", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d70": "boiling the water", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d71": "model or toy steam engines", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d80": "indicator", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d81": "1851", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d82": "1851", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d83": "1851, but the most successful indicator was developed for the high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter by Charles Richard", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d84": "1851", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8a": "double expansion group is duplicated, producing a 4-cylinder compound, the individual pistons within the group are usually balanced at 180\u00b0", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8b": "double expansion group is duplicated, producing a 4-cylinder compound, the individual pistons within the group are usually balanced at 180\u00b0", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8c": "double expansion group is duplicated, producing a 4-cylinder compound, the individual pistons within the group are usually balanced at 180\u00b0", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3d": "the steam reverses its direction of flow at each stroke (counterflow)", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3e": "four events \u2013 admission, expansion, exhaust, compression. These events are controlled by valves often working inside a steam chest", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3f": "four events \u2013 admission, expansion, exhaust, compression. These events are controlled by valves often working inside a steam chest", "5711488ab654c5140001fc40": "four events \u2013 admission, expansion, exhaust, compression. These events are controlled by valves often working inside a steam chest", "5711488ab654c5140001fc41": "four events \u2013 admission, expansion, exhaust, compression. These events are controlled by valves often working inside a steam chest", "57114aceb654c5140001fc47": "Quasiturbine", "57114aceb654c5140001fc48": "counterflow cycle", "57114aceb654c5140001fc49": "simple-expansion uniflow engine gives efficiency equivalent to that of classic compound systems with the added advantage of superior part-load performance", "57114b1a2419e31400955575": "simple expansion steam engine which does not require valves", "57114b1a2419e31400955576": "os", "57114b1a2419e31400955577": "simple expansion steam engine", "57114b1a2419e31400955578": "toys and models, because of their simplicity, but have also been used in full size working engines", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a53": "Mercury is the working fluid in the mercury vapor turbine", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a54": "separate source of water", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a55": "Mercury is the working fluid in the mercury vapor turbine", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a56": "Mercury is the working fluid in the mercury vapor turbine", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5b": "the working fluid.", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5c": "low turbine entry temperature", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5d": "stainless steel", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5f": "63%", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5e": "565 \u00b0C", "57114f0050c2381900b54a65": "Steam engines", "57114f0050c2381900b54a66": "Steam engines", "57114f0050c2381900b54a67": "Stanley Steamer", "57114f0050c2381900b54a68": "Steam engines", "57114f0050c2381900b54a69": "Their use in agriculture", "571153422419e3140095557d": "Trevithick continued his own experiments using a trio of locomotives", "571153422419e3140095557e": "twin-cylinder locomotive Salamanca by Matthew Murray", "571153422419e3140095557f": "twin-cylinder locomotive Salamanca by Matthew Murray", "571153422419e31400955580": "twin-cylinder locomotive Salamanca by Matthew Murray", "571153422419e31400955581": "Stockton", "5711541350c2381900b54a6f": "Woolf", "5711541350c2381900b54a70": "1804", "5711541350c2381900b54a71": "1804", "5711541350c2381900b54a72": "1804", "571154c72419e31400955587": "recent widespread application of large gas turbine units and typical combined cycle power plants has resulted in reduction of this percentage to the 80% regime for steam turbines.", "571154c72419e31400955588": "80% regime for steam turbines.", "571154c72419e31400955589": "recent widespread application of large gas turbine units and typical combined cycle power plants has resulted in reduction of this percentage to the 80% regime for steam turbines.", "571154c72419e3140095558a": "recent widespread application of large gas turbine units and typical combined cycle power plants has resulted in reduction of this percentage to the 80% regime for steam turbines.", "571154c72419e3140095558b": "reduction", "571155ae2419e31400955591": "closed loop", "571155ae2419e31400955592": "closed loop", "571155ae2419e31400955593": "closed loop", "571155ae2419e31400955594": "Rankine cycle is the fundamental thermodynamic underpinning of the steam engine.", "571155ae2419e31400955595": "closed loop", "571156152419e3140095559b": "duty", "571156152419e3140095559f": "coal", "571156152419e3140095559e": "Watt", "571156152419e3140095559d": "Watt", "571156152419e3140095559c": "Watt", "57115ac550c2381900b54a77": "turbine type steam engines", "57115ac550c2381900b54a78": "turbine type steam engines", "57115ac550c2381900b54a79": "turbine type steam engines", "57115ac550c2381900b54a7a": "turbine type steam engines", "57115b2850c2381900b54a7f": "Thomas Savery", "57115b2850c2381900b54a80": "Thomas Savery", "57115b2850c2381900b54a81": "Thomas Savery", "57115b2850c2381900b54a82": "Thomas Savery", "57115b2850c2381900b54a83": "Thomas Savery", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a89": "Evans", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8a": "high-pressure steam", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8b": "Evans", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8c": "transport applications. Thereafter, technological developments and improvements in manufacturing techniques (partly brought about by the adoption of the steam engine", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8d": "engine", "57115bf350c2381900b54a93": "Energiprojekt AB in Sweden", "57115bf350c2381900b54a94": "Sweden", "57115bf350c2381900b54a95": "Sweden", "57115bf350c2381900b54a96": "Sweden", "57115bf350c2381900b54a97": "Sweden", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9d": "rs", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9e": "dry type cooling tower is similar to an automobile", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9f": "dry", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa0": "dry", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa1": "700 megawatt coal-fired power plant may use about 3600 cubic metres", "57115dbe2419e314009555a5": "centrifugal governor was adopted by James Watt for use on a steam engine", "57115dbe2419e314009555a6": "centrifugal governor was adopted by James Watt for use on a steam engine", "57115dbe2419e314009555a7": "James Watt for use on a steam engine in 1788", "57115dbe2419e314009555a8": "James Watt", "57115dbe2419e314009555a9": "James Watt for use on a steam engine", "57115e532419e314009555af": "1880", "57115e532419e314009555b0": "industrial units", "57115e532419e314009555b1": "industrial units", "57115e532419e314009555b2": "harsh", "57115e532419e314009555b3": "1880", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa7": "gradually \"shortening the cutoff", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa8": "fixed length", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa9": "fixed length", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aaa": "fixed length", "57115f652419e314009555b9": "boiling water to produce mechanical motion goes back over 2000 years, but early devices were not practical.", "57115f652419e314009555ba": "boiling water to produce mechanical motion goes back over 2000 years, but early devices were not practical.", "57115f652419e314009555bb": "boiling water to produce mechanical motion goes back over 2000 years, but early devices were not practical.", "57115f652419e314009555bc": "boiling water to produce mechanical motion goes back over 2000 years, but early devices were not practical.", "57115f652419e314009555bd": "1712", "57115ff82419e314009555c3": "static discs) fixed to the turbine casing.", "57115ff82419e314009555c4": "one or more rotors (rotating discs", "57115ff82419e314009555c5": "static discs", "57115ff82419e314009555c6": "static discs) fixed to the turbine casing.", "57115ff82419e314009555c7": "60", "5711607f2419e314009555cd": "The weight of boilers", "5711607f2419e314009555ce": "Recent concerns about fuel sources and pollution", "5711607f2419e314009555cf": "steam turbine plant", "5711607f2419e314009555d0": "Advanced Steam movement", "5711607f2419e314009555d1": "Recent concerns about fuel sources and pollution", "571161092419e314009555d7": "Wankel engine", "571161092419e314009555d8": "Wankel engine", "571161092419e314009555d9": "tight", "5711619950c2381900b54aaf": "coal", "5711619950c2381900b54ab0": "coal", "5711619950c2381900b54ab1": "coal", "5711619950c2381900b54ab2": "coal", "5711619950c2381900b54ab3": "1763\u20131775", "5711623e50c2381900b54ab9": "two independent mechanisms for ensuring that the pressure", "5711623e50c2381900b54aba": "plug valve in the top of a boiler. One end of the lever carried a weight or spring that restrained the valve against steam pressure.", "5711623e50c2381900b54abb": "Early valves could be adjusted by engine drivers", "5711623e50c2381900b54abc": "two independent mechanisms for ensuring that the pressure", "5711623e50c2381900b54abd": "drivers", "5711628a2419e314009555dd": "1849", "5711628a2419e314009555de": "1849", "5711628a2419e314009555e1": "1849", "5711628a2419e314009555df": "1849", "5711628a2419e314009555e0": "1849", "571163172419e314009555e7": "Rankine cycle", "571163172419e314009555e8": "Watt", "571163172419e314009555e9": "Black", "571163172419e314009555ea": "Black", "571163172419e314009555eb": "Joseph Black", "5711648850c2381900b54ac3": "little work is required to drive the pump, the working fluid being in its liquid phase at this point.", "5711648850c2381900b54ac4": "little work is required to drive the pump, the working fluid being in its liquid phase at this point.", "5711648850c2381900b54ac5": "pump", "5711648850c2381900b54ac6": "pump", "5711651050c2381900b54acb": "coal", "5711651050c2381900b54acc": "coal", "5711651050c2381900b54acd": "coal", "5711651050c2381900b54ace": "bunker", "5711651050c2381900b54acf": "bin", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad5": "feed water was usually readily available.", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad6": "Land-based steam engines could exhaust much of their steam, as feed water was usually readily available.", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad7": "the expansion engine", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad8": "the expansion engine", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad9": "1905", "571166352419e314009555f1": "Virtually all nuclear power plants generate electricity by heating water to provide steam that drives a turbine connected to an electrical generator.", "571166352419e314009555f2": "Virtually all nuclear power plants generate electricity by heating water to provide steam that drives a turbine connected to an electrical generator.", "571166352419e314009555f3": "Virtually all nuclear power plants generate electricity by heating water to provide steam that drives a turbine connected to an electrical generator.", "571166352419e314009555f4": "Virtually all nuclear power plants generate electricity by heating water to provide steam that drives a turbine connected to an electrical generator.", "571166352419e314009555f5": "Sweden", "5711669550c2381900b54adf": "constant", "5711669550c2381900b54ae0": "constant", "5711669550c2381900b54ae1": "constant", "5711669550c2381900b54ae2": "constant pressure", "5711669550c2381900b54ae3": "a pump is used to pressurize the working fluid which is received from the condenser", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbd": "8", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbe": "mass", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc0": "Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8.", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc1": "mass", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbf": "Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8.", "571bb2269499d21900609ca9": "symbol O and atomic number 8.", "571bb2269499d21900609caa": "Oxygen", "571bb2269499d21900609cab": "8", "571bb2269499d21900609cad": "symbol O and atomic number 8.", "571bb2269499d21900609cac": "oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium.", "571c3a685efbb31900334db2": "8", "571c3a685efbb31900334db3": "It is a member of the chalcogen group", "571c3a685efbb31900334db4": "symbol O and atomic number 8.", "571c3a685efbb31900334db5": "mass", "571c3a685efbb31900334db6": "8.", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94a": ".", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94b": ".", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94c": "oxygen, as do the major inorganic compounds that are constituents of animal shells, teeth, and bone.", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09c": "oxygen, as do the major inorganic compounds that are constituents of animal shells, teeth, and bone.", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09d": "oxygen, as do the major inorganic compounds that are constituents of animal shells, teeth, and bone.", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09e": "oxygen, as do the major inorganic compounds that are constituents of animal shells, teeth, and bone.", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09f": "oxygen, as do the major inorganic compounds that are constituents of animal shells, teeth, and bone.", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c0a0": "oxygen, as do the major inorganic compounds that are constituents of animal shells, teeth, and bone.", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd5": "English chemist John Mayow (1641\u20131679)", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd6": "John Mayow", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd7": "air is necessary for combustion. English chemist John Mayow (1641\u20131679)", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd8": "English", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a6": "English chemist John Mayow", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a7": "English", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a8": "English", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a9": "English", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0aa": "John Mayow", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a958": "August 1, 1774, an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a959": "oxide", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95b": "an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95a": "1775", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b0": "oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b1": "oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b2": "oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b3": "oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b4": "August 1, 1774, an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdd": "the 2nd century BCE Greek writer on mechanics", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fde": "Philo of Byzantium. In his work Pneumatica, Philo observed that inverting a vessel over a burning candle", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdf": "candle", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fe0": "the 2nd century BCE Greek writer on mechanics", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0ba": "Philo of Byzantium. In his work Pneumatica, Philo observed that inverting a vessel over a burning candle", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bb": "candle", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bc": "candle", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bd": "candle", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0be": "candle", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a960": "Oxygen", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a961": "Highly concentrated", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a962": "Highly concentrated", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a963": "Oxygen", "571cebc05efbb31900334e49": "Oxygen", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4a": "concentrated oxidants and fuels are brought into close proximity; an ignition event, such as heat or a spark, is needed to trigger combustion. Oxygen", "571cebc05efbb31900334e48": "concentrated", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4b": "Highly concentrated", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4c": "Oxygen", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a968": "Concentrated O\n2 will allow combustion to proceed rapidly", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a969": "Concentrated O\n2", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96a": "Concentrated", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96b": "Concentrated", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a0": "Concentrated O\n2", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a1": "special training to ensure that ignition sources are minimized.", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a2": "Concentrated", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a4": "Concentrated", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe6": "oxygen", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe7": "carbon dioxide (CO\n2).", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe5": "silicon", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3e": "carbon dioxide (CO\n2)", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3f": "silicon", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e40": "silicon", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e41": "silicon", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e42": "silicon", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c4": "1805", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c5": "1805", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c6": "1805", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c7": "1805", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c8": "John Dalton", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0ce": "phlogiston", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0cf": "little residue, such as wood or coal", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d0": "Air", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d1": "metals", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d2": "little residue, such as wood or coal, were thought to be made mostly of phlogiston", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d8": "theory", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d9": "theory", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0da": "two oxygen atoms are chemically bonded to each other.", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0db": "chemically bonded to each other.", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0dc": "theory", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e2": "1777", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e3": "1777", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e4": "1777", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e5": "1777", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e6": "1777", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ec": "two", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ed": "triple", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ee": "triple", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ef": "triple", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0f0": "triple", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f6": "weight", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f7": "weight", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f8": "weight", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f9": "1777", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0fa": "weight", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c100": "Trioxygen (O\n3) is usually known as ozone and is a very reactive allotrope of oxygen that is damaging to lung tissue.", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c101": "Trioxygen (O\n3) is usually known as ozone and is a very reactive allotrope of oxygen that is damaging to lung tissue.", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c102": "Trioxygen (O\n3) is usually known as ozone and is a very reactive allotrope of oxygen that is damaging to lung tissue.", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c103": "Trioxygen (O\n3) is usually known as ozone and is a very reactive allotrope of oxygen that is damaging to lung tissue.", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c104": "Trioxygen (O\n3) is usually known as ozone and is a very reactive allotrope of oxygen that is damaging to lung tissue.", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10a": "dioxygen, O\n2. It is the form that is a major part of the Earth's atmosphere (see Occurrence).", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10b": "dioxygen, O\n2. It is the form that is a major part of the Earth's atmosphere (see Occurrence).", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10c": "121 pm", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10d": "di", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10e": "dioxygen, O\n2. It is the form that is a major part of the Earth's atmosphere (see Occurrence). O2", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c114": "James Dewar", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c115": "1901", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c116": "1895", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c118": "James Dewar", "571c96095efbb31900334dbc": "temperature", "571c96095efbb31900334dbd": "temperature", "571c96095efbb31900334dbe": "temperature", "571c96095efbb31900334dbf": "temperature", "571c96095efbb31900334dc0": "temperature-dependent", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11e": "Oxygen is the most abundant chemical element by mass in the Earth's biosphere, air, sea and land.", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11f": "third most abundant chemical element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium.", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c120": "third most abundant chemical element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium.", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c121": "third most abundant chemical element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium.", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c122": "third most abundant chemical element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium.", "571caac55efbb31900334dc6": "Swiss chemist and physicist Raoul Pierre Pictet", "571caac55efbb31900334dc7": "Swiss chemist and physicist Raoul Pierre Pictet", "571caac55efbb31900334dc8": "Swiss chemist and physicist Raoul Pierre Pictet", "571caac55efbb31900334dc9": "Swiss chemist and physicist Raoul Pierre Pictet", "571caac55efbb31900334dca": "1883", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd0": "primordial solar nebula", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd1": "primordial solar nebula", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd2": "Genesis spacecraft", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd3": "Genesis spacecraft", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd4": "Genesis spacecraft", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c128": "Single", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c129": "Single", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12a": "water", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12b": "Single", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12c": "Single", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c132": "lighter isotope, oxygen-16", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c133": "lighter isotope, oxygen-16", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c134": "Seawater molecules that contain the lighter isotope, oxygen-16", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c135": "lighter isotope, oxygen-16", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c136": "lighter isotope, oxygen-16", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13c": "687 and 760 nm.", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13d": "Oxygen presents two spectrophotometric absorption bands peaking at the wavelengths 687 and 760 nm.", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13e": "Oxygen presents two spectrophotometric absorption bands peaking at the wavelengths 687 and 760 nm.", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13f": "Oxygen presents two spectrophotometric absorption bands peaking at the wavelengths 687 and 760 nm.", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c140": "687 and 760 nm.", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c146": "paramagnetic. That is, they impart magnetic", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c147": "magnetic", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c148": "magnetic", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c149": "magnetic", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c14a": "magnetic character to oxygen when it is in the presence of a magnetic field, because of the spin magnetic moments", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dda": "superoxide ion (O\u2212\n2) and hydrogen peroxide (H\n2O\n2), are dangerous by-products of oxygen use in organisms.", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddb": "superoxide ion (O\u2212\n2) and hydrogen peroxide (H\n2O\n2), are dangerous by-products of oxygen use in organisms.", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddc": "super", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddd": "super", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dde": "super", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de4": "54.36 K (\u2212218.79 \u00b0C, \u2212361.82 \u00b0F).", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de5": "red", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de6": "red", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de7": "liquid nitrogen", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de8": "freezes at 54.36 K (\u2212218.79 \u00b0C, \u2212361.82 \u00b0F).", "571cc8815efbb31900334dee": "algae", "571cc8815efbb31900334def": "Free oxygen also occurs in solution in the world's water bodies. The increased solubility of O\n2 at lower temperatures", "571cc8815efbb31900334df0": "higher oxygen content", "571cc8815efbb31900334df2": "algae", "571cc8815efbb31900334df1": "Free oxygen also occurs in solution in the world's water bodies. The increased solubility of O\n2", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c150": "Free oxygen", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c151": "Free oxygen", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c152": "Free oxygen", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c153": "Free oxygen", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c154": "iron", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15a": "unusually high concentration of oxygen gas on Earth is the result of the oxygen cycle", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15b": "unusually high concentration of oxygen gas on Earth is the result of the oxygen cycle. This biogeochemical cycle describes the movement of oxygen", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15c": "thesis", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15d": "unusually high concentration of oxygen gas on Earth is the result of the oxygen cycle", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15e": "unusually high concentration of oxygen gas on Earth is the result of the oxygen cycle", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df8": "nitrogen gas is released from the other nitrogen-saturated zeolite bed", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df9": "nitrogen gas is released from the other nitrogen-saturated zeolite bed", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfa": "pressure swing adsorption", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfb": "nitrogen gas is released from the other nitrogen-saturated zeolite bed", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfc": "nitrogen gas is released from the other nitrogen-saturated zeolite bed", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c164": "DC electricity must be used: if AC is used, the gases in each limb consist of hydrogen and oxygen in the explosive ratio 2:1.", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c165": "acidified water", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c166": "popular belief, the 2:1 ratio observed in the DC electrolysis of acidified water", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c167": "DC electricity must be used: if AC is used, the gases in each limb consist of hydrogen and oxygen in the explosive ratio 2:1.", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c168": "DC electricity must be used: if AC", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16e": "recreational use in oxygen bars and in sports", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16f": "performance", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c170": "performance", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c172": "performance", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c171": "enriched O\n2", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e03": "special oxygen chambers to increase the partial pressure of O\n2 around the patient and, when needed, the medical staff.", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e04": "Increased", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e05": "Hyperbaric (high-pressure) medicine uses special oxygen chambers to increase the partial pressure of O\n2", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e06": "high-pressure) medicine uses special oxygen chambers to increase the partial pressure of O\n2 around the patient and, when needed, the medical staff.", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17b": "oxygen supplementation", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17a": "decreasing resistance to blood flow", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c179": "ation", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c178": "O\n2", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17c": "Uptake of O\n2", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c182": "chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give corresponding oxides.", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c183": "its electronegativity", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c184": "oxygen forms chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give corresponding oxides.", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c185": "electronegativity", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c186": "oxygen forms chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give corresponding oxides.", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18d": "2", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18e": "O\n2 supplies.", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18f": "chemical", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c190": "O\n2 supplies.", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c196": "high pressure oxygen tanks, cryogenics and chemical compounds.", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c198": "high pressure oxygen tanks, cryogenics and chemical compounds.", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c197": "high pressure oxygen tanks, cryogenics and chemical compounds.", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c199": "high pressure oxygen tanks, cryogenics and chemical compounds.", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c19a": "high pressure oxygen tanks, cryogenics and chemical compounds.", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0c": "\"", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0d": "\"", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0e": "Acetone ((CH\n3)\n2CO) and phenol (C\n6H\n5OH) are used as feeder materials", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0f": "\"", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e10": "\"", "571cde695efbb31900334e16": "The element is found in almost all biomolecules that are important to (or generated by) life.", "571cde695efbb31900334e17": "Only a few common complex biomolecules, such as squalene and the carotenes, contain no oxygen.", "571cde695efbb31900334e18": "biological", "571cde695efbb31900334e19": "no oxygen.", "571cde695efbb31900334e1a": "The element is found in almost all biomolecules that are important to (or generated by) life.", "571ce3745efbb31900334e20": "O\n2 partial pressure more than 60 kPa can eventually lead to permanent pulmonary fibrosis. Exposure to a O\n2", "571ce3745efbb31900334e21": "O\n2 partial pressure more than 60 kPa can eventually lead to permanent pulmonary fibrosis", "571ce3745efbb31900334e22": "O\n2 partial pressure more than 60 kPa can eventually lead to permanent pulmonary fibrosis. Exposure to a O\n2", "571ce3745efbb31900334e23": "2", "571ce3745efbb31900334e24": "O\n2 partial pressure more than 60 kPa can eventually lead to permanent pulmonary fibrosis. Exposure to a O\n2", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2a": "low total pressures used.", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2b": "low total pressures used.", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2c": "low total pressures used.", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2e": "low total pressures used.", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2d": "low total pressures used.", "571ce6655efbb31900334e34": "elevated", "571ce6655efbb31900334e35": "elevated", "571ce6655efbb31900334e36": "elevated partial pressures, leading to convulsions and other health problems.", "571ce6655efbb31900334e37": "elevated partial pressures", "571ce6655efbb31900334e38": "elevated partial pressures", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952d": "1974", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952e": "1973", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952f": "1974", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89530": "1973", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89531": "1974", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd28": "major impact on international relations and created a rift within NATO.", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd29": "crisis", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2a": "1974", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2b": "go", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4a": "On August 15, 1971, the United States unilaterally pulled out of the Bretton Woods Accord.", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4b": "On August 15, 1971, the United States unilaterally pulled out of the Bretton Woods Accord", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4c": "depreciation of the dollar", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4d": "On August 15, 1971", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4e": "On August 15, 1971, the United States unilaterally pulled out of the Bretton Woods Accord", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd3": "Shock", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd4": "1971", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd5": "Shock", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd6": "fairly stable", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bd": "economic", "5725bad5271a42140099d0be": "economic pressure on oil prices. At the time, Iran", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bf": "economic", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c0": "economic pressure on oil prices. At the time, Iran", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c1": "economic pressure on oil prices. At the time, Iran was the world's second-largest oil exporter and a close US ally.", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0eb": "Libya", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ec": "Libya", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ed": "five percent", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ee": "Libya", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ef": "Libya", "57261dab38643c19005ad037": "aid", "57261dab38643c19005ad038": "Foundation", "57261dab38643c19005ad039": "political tensions", "57261dab38643c19005ad03a": "aid", "57261dab38643c19005ad03b": "aid", "57261f9f271a42140099d4a9": "recessions, periods of excessive inflation, reduced productivity", "57261f9f271a42140099d4aa": "energy", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ab": "equality between both parties prior to 1973", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ac": "interest groups", "5726241189a1e219009ac2de": "go", "5726241189a1e219009ac2df": "price increases changed competitive positions in many industries, such as automobiles", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e0": "Macroeconomic problems consisted of both inflationary and deflationary impacts. The embargo", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e1": "rugged terrain such as the Arctic", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e2": "rugged terrain such as the Arctic", "5726487b5951b619008f6edd": "nine members of the European Economic Community (EEC), the Netherlands", "5726487b5951b619008f6ede": "The embargo was not uniform across Europe.", "5726487b5951b619008f6edf": "UK", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee0": "UK had traditionally been an ally of Israel, and Harold Wilson's government supported the Israelis during the Six-Day War", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee1": "UK", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db36": "Heath", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db37": "Heath", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db38": "coal miners and railroad workers", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db39": "Sundays", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db3a": "Sweden", "57264cac708984140094c1b3": "Price controls", "57264cac708984140094c1b4": "old oil", "57264cac708984140094c1b5": "old oil", "57264cac708984140094c1b7": "rationing", "57264d9edd62a815002e80fe": "1973", "57264d9edd62a815002e80ff": "William E. Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office", "57264d9edd62a815002e8100": "William E. Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office", "57264d9edd62a815002e8101": "1973", "57264efddd62a815002e8134": "1974", "57264efddd62a815002e8135": "1974", "57264efddd62a815002e8136": "1974", "57264efddd62a815002e8137": "1974", "57264efddd62a815002e8138": "Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act. Development of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve began in 1975, and in 1977 the cabinet-level Department of Energy", "572650325951b619008f6fa9": "crisis", "572650325951b619008f6faa": "crisis-mentality thinking, promoting expensive quick fixes and single-shot solutions", "572650325951b619008f6fab": "crisis", "57265200708984140094c237": "1973", "57265200708984140094c238": "no", "57265200708984140094c239": "oil prices", "57265200708984140094c23a": "no", "57265360dd62a815002e819a": "Japan was the country most dependent on Arab oil. 71% of its imported oil came from the Middle East in 1970.", "57265360dd62a815002e819b": "71% of its imported oil came from the Middle East in 1970.", "57265360dd62a815002e819c": "historical connections to the Middle East, Japan was the country most dependent on Arab oil", "57265360dd62a815002e819d": "historical connections to the Middle East, Japan was the country most dependent on Arab oil", "57265360dd62a815002e819e": "Japan", "57265526708984140094c2bd": "increased American weapons sales, technology,", "57265526708984140094c2be": "American security assurances to manage both external and internal threats, including increased military competition between them over increased oil revenues", "57265526708984140094c2bf": "increased oil revenues", "57265526708984140094c2c0": "increased military competition between them over increased oil revenues", "57265526708984140094c2c1": "increased American weapons sales, technology,", "5726581fdd62a815002e823a": "crisis", "5726581fdd62a815002e823b": "crisis reduced the demand for large cars", "5726581fdd62a815002e823c": "crisis reduced the demand for large cars", "5726581fdd62a815002e823d": "crisis reduced the demand for large cars", "572659535951b619008f703f": "increasing the price of the vehicle.", "572659535951b619008f7040": "small", "572659535951b619008f7041": "Some buyers lamented the small", "572659535951b619008f7042": ".", "57265a58dd62a815002e8270": "Compact trucks were introduced, such as the Toyota Hilux and the Datsun Truck, followed by the Mazda Truck", "57265a58dd62a815002e8271": "Compact", "57265a58dd62a815002e8272": "Compact trucks were introduced, such as the Toyota Hilux and the Datsun Truck, followed by the Mazda Truck", "57265a58dd62a815002e8273": "Compact", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829e": "imported cars", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829f": "four", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a0": "An increase in imported cars", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a1": "An increase in imported cars into North America forced General Motors, Ford and Chrysler to introduce smaller and fuel-efficient models for domestic sales.", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a2": "An increase in imported cars into North America forced General Motors, Ford and Chrysler to introduce smaller and fuel-efficient models for domestic sales.", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b8": "1977", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b9": "1977", "57265ceddd62a815002e82ba": "1977", "57265e11708984140094c3bb": "1981", "57265e11708984140094c3bc": "1981", "57265e11708984140094c3bd": "1981", "57265e11708984140094c3be": "1979", "5725b41838643c19005acb7f": "the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972.", "5725b41838643c19005acb80": "the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972.", "5725b41838643c19005acb81": "1968", "5725b41838643c19005acb82": "the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972.", "5725b41838643c19005acb83": "the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972.", "5725b56589a1e219009abd20": "1961 to 1972", "5725b56589a1e219009abd21": "1961 to 1972", "5725b56589a1e219009abd22": "1961 to 1972", "5725b56589a1e219009abd23": "three", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd40": "1967", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd41": "1967", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd42": "Budget cuts", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd43": "Five", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd44": "Five", "5725b77889a1e219009abd54": "8", "5725b77889a1e219009abd55": "sixth", "5725b77889a1e219009abd56": "lunar rocks and soil", "5725b77889a1e219009abd57": "sixth", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d453": "1960, as a follow-up to Project Mercury.", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d454": "1960", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d455": "Eisenhower administration in early 1960", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d457": "Eisenhower administration in early 1960", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d456": "Eisenhower administration in early 1960", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe7": "July 1960, NASA Deputy Administrator Hugh L. Dryden announced the Apollo program to industry representatives at a series of Space Task Group conferences", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe8": "July 1960, NASA Deputy Administrator Hugh L. Dryden announced the Apollo program to industry representatives at a series of Space Task Group conferences", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe9": "three", "5725ba5038643c19005acbea": "Hugh L", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c7": "the \"missile gap", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c8": "\"missile gap", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c9": "the \"missile gap", "5725bb34271a42140099d0ca": "the \"missile gap", "5725bb34271a42140099d0cb": "the \"missile gap\" that he and many other senators felt had formed between the Soviets and themselves due to the inaction of President Eisenhower.", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1d": "April", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1e": "April 12, 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1f": "a meeting of the US House Committee on Science and Astronautics", "5725bc7138643c19005acc20": "April 12, 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc31": "a memo to Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, asking Johnson to look into the status of America's space program", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc32": "April 20, Kennedy sent a memo to Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, asking Johnson to look into the status of America's space program", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc33": "a memo to Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, asking Johnson to look into the status of America's space program", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc34": "Kennedy", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a5": "Robert R. Gilruth", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a6": "Robert R. Gilruth", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a7": "MSC", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a8": "Rice University", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a9": "Robert R. Gilruth", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdce": "mammoth", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdcf": "mammoth rocket required for the manned lunar mission, so land acquisition was started in July 1961 for a Launch Operations Center (LOC)", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd0": "Apollo would outgrow the Canaveral launch facilities in Florida.", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd1": "Apollo would outgrow the Canaveral launch facilities in Florida.", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd7": "39", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd8": "39", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd9": "39", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd6": "39", "5725c123271a42140099d131": "Dr. George E. Mueller", "5725c123271a42140099d132": "s", "5725c123271a42140099d133": "s", "5725c123271a42140099d134": "Dr. George E. Mueller", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6b": "C. Phillips, who gained a reputation for his effective management of the Minuteman program", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6c": "Phillips", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6d": "Phillips", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6e": "Director", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6f": "C. Phillips, who gained a reputation for his effective management of the Minuteman program", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe44": "direct ascent", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe45": "John Houbolt at Langley Research Center emphasized the important weight reductions that were offered by the LOR approach.", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe46": "Robert Seamans", "5725c604271a42140099d185": "his special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin", "5725c604271a42140099d186": "his special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin", "5725c604271a42140099d187": "his special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin", "5725c604271a42140099d188": "Joseph Shea", "5725c604271a42140099d189": "his special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d531": "Jerome Wiesner", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d532": "his own \"Space Vehicle Panel", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d533": "his own \"Space Vehicle Panel", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d534": "internal agreement, it was far from smooth sailing.", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a1": "press, during a presentation by von Braun", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a2": "Webb", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a3": "Grumman", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a4": "Grumman", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d577": "lifeboat", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d578": "1964 MSC", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d579": "1964 MSC", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d57a": "1964 MSC study concluded, \"The LM [as lifeboat", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c1": "cone", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c2": "get", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c3": "two", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec8": "conical crew cabin, designed to carry three astronauts from launch to lunar orbit and back to an Earth ocean landing.", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec9": "conical crew cabin", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abeca": "heat shield", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecb": "conical crew cabin", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecc": "The Command Module (CM)", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1b": "S-band", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1c": "S-band", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1d": "A high-gain S-band", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1e": "A high-gain S-band", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1f": "A high-gain S-band", "5725cda338643c19005acd3f": "North American Aviation", "5725cda338643c19005acd40": "North American Aviation won the contract to build the CSM, and also the second stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle for NASA.", "5725cda338643c19005acd41": "1964", "5725cda338643c19005acd42": "CSM, and also the second stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle for NASA.", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0a": "aerodynamic considerations", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0b": "aerodynamic considerations", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0d": "aerodynamic considerations", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0e": "aerodynamic considerations, and was of an extremely lightweight construction. It consisted of separate descent and ascent stages, each with its own engine", "5725d01989a1e219009abf28": "Army", "5725d01989a1e219009abf29": "Army", "5725d01989a1e219009abf2b": "Army", "5725d0e3271a42140099d235": "water", "5725d0e3271a42140099d236": "five", "5725d0e3271a42140099d237": "five", "5725d0e3271a42140099d238": "Pegasus satellites, which verified the safety of the translunar environment", "5725d2ef271a42140099d255": "The Saturn IB", "5725d2ef271a42140099d256": "the second stage replaced the S-IV with the S-IVB-200", "5725d2ef271a42140099d257": "the second stage replaced the S-IV with the S-IVB-200", "5725d2ef271a42140099d258": "upgraded version of the Saturn I", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65b": "liquid hydrogen", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65c": "liquid hydrogen", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65d": "liquid hydrogen", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65e": "liquid hydrogen", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6e": "Dr. Harrison Schmitt", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6f": "Dr. Harrison Schmitt", "5725d51589a1e219009abf70": "Dr. Harrison Schmitt", "5725d51589a1e219009abf71": "Dr. Harrison Schmitt", "5725d51589a1e219009abf72": "Dr. Harrison Schmitt", "5725d61038643c19005acdd3": "ability", "5725d61038643c19005acdd4": "ability", "5725d61038643c19005acdd5": "1969", "5725d61038643c19005acdd6": "Grissom, White, and Chaffee in 1969, then to the crews of all missions from Apollo 8 onward.", "5725d61038643c19005acdd7": "Distinguished Service Medal, given for \"distinguished service, ability, or courage\", and personal \"contribution representing substantial progress to the NASA mission\".", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde7": "AS-201 launched on February 26, reached an altitude of 265.7 nautical miles (492.1 km)", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde8": "February 26, reached an altitude of 265.7 nautical miles (492.1 km)", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde9": "February 26, reached an altitude of 265.7 nautical miles (492.1 km)", "5725d6cb38643c19005acdea": "AS-201 launched on February 26, reached an altitude of 265.7 nautical miles (492.1 km)", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf90": "an unmanned LM test flight AS-206", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf91": "206", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf92": "Apollo spacesuit, designed to accommodate lunar extravehicular activity", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf93": "water-cooled", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf94": "206", "5725d8a3271a42140099d28f": "White", "5725d8a3271a42140099d290": "White", "5725d8a3271a42140099d291": "White", "5725d8a3271a42140099d292": "White", "5725d8a3271a42140099d293": "Grissom", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69b": "1966", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69c": "dual mission, now redesignated AS-205/208 or AS-258, planned for August 1967.", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69d": "1966", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69e": "dual", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ab": "late 1965 to cause Manned Space Flight Administrator George Mueller to appoint program director Samuel Phillips", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ac": "late 1965 to cause Manned Space Flight Administrator George Mueller to appoint program director", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ad": "late 1965 to cause Manned Space Flight Administrator George Mueller to appoint program director Samuel Phillips", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ae": "director", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bd": "altitude chamber", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6be": "LC-34", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bf": "\"plugs-out\" test was planned for January, which would simulate a launch countdown on LC-34", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6c0": "plugs-out\" test was planned for January, which would simulate a launch countdown on LC-34", "5725dc1638643c19005ace01": "January 27, 1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace02": "January 27, 1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace03": "strange odor", "5725dc1638643c19005ace04": "January 27, 1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace05": "January 27, 1967", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe2": "Storms", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe3": "Storms", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe4": "Harrison Storms", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe5": "Storms", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ed": "nitrogen/oxygen mixture instead of pure oxygen before and during launch, and removal of flammable cabin and space suit materials", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ee": "flammable cabin and space suit materials", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ef": "Block II design already called for replacement of the Block I plug-type hatch cover with a quick-release, outward opening door", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f0": "Block II spacecraft and operational procedures, the most important of which were use of a nitrogen/oxygen mixture", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f1": "modified, fire-resistant Block II space suits", "5725df1838643c19005ace15": "letters were used instead of numbers.", "5725df1838643c19005ace16": "Mueller approved a sequence of mission types which had to be successfully accomplished in order to achieve the manned lunar landing.", "5725df1838643c19005ace17": "letters", "5725e08389a1e219009ac010": "1967", "5725e08389a1e219009ac011": "Block I CSM on November 9, 1967", "5725e08389a1e219009ac012": "Service Module engine to ram it into the atmosphere at higher than the usual Earth-orbital reentry speed. This was followed on April 4, 1968", "5725e08389a1e219009ac013": "Block I CSM on November 9, 1967", "5725e152271a42140099d2cd": "5", "5725e152271a42140099d2ce": "37", "5725e152271a42140099d2cf": "5", "5725e152271a42140099d2d0": "the Saturn IB that would have been used for Apollo 1.", "5725e152271a42140099d2d1": "5", "5725e28f38643c19005ace23": "the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George Low", "5725e28f38643c19005ace24": "McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs.", "5725e28f38643c19005ace25": "McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V", "5725e28f38643c19005ace26": "George Low", "5725e28f38643c19005ace27": "McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac038": "Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac039": "Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03a": "Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin.", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03b": "Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03c": "Collins", "5725e44238643c19005ace35": "Gemini veteran Charles \"Pete\" Conrad and rookie Alan L. Bean", "5725e44238643c19005ace36": "Charles \"Pete\" Conrad and rookie Alan L. Bean made a precision landing on Apollo 12 within walking distance of the Surveyor 3", "5725e44238643c19005ace37": "Storms", "5725e44238643c19005ace38": "Charles \"Pete\" Conrad", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d71f": "15 Saturn Vs", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d720": "Block II spacesuit", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d721": "eight", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d722": "15 Saturn Vs", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d723": "15 Saturn Vs", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d729": "liquid oxygen tank", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72a": "liquid oxygen tank", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72b": "liquid oxygen tank", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72c": "oxygen tank", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72d": "liquid oxygen tank", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac086": "1971", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac087": "1969", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac088": "1971", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac089": "1971", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09e": "highland crust", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09f": "highlands crust. As such, they represent samples from a very early period in the development of the Solar System, that are largely absent on Earth.", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a0": "highland crust", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a1": "maria", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace7f": "thick", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace80": "high pressure shock waves", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace81": "high pressure shock waves that are generated during impact events. Some of the returned samples are of impact melt", "5725ec7538643c19005ace8f": "15 Saturn V rockets", "5725ec7538643c19005ace90": "15", "5725ec7538643c19005ace91": "15 Saturn V rockets", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb3": "The Apollo Extension Series (Apollo X,) proposed up to 30 flights to Earth orbit, using the space in the Spacecraft Lunar Module Adapter", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb4": "a larger orbital workshop", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb5": "Venus fly-by", "5725ef6838643c19005acece": "1973", "5725ef6838643c19005acecf": "1973", "5725ef6838643c19005aced0": "1974", "5725ef6838643c19005aced1": "1973", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0be": "Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's SELENE probe observed evidence of the halo surrounding the Apollo 15 Lunar Module blast crater while orbiting above the lunar surface.", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0bf": "Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's SELENE probe observed evidence of the halo surrounding the Apollo 15 Lunar Module blast crater while orbiting above the lunar surface.", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0c0": "Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's SELENE probe observed evidence of the halo surrounding the Apollo 15 Lunar Module blast crater while orbiting above the lunar surface.", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cc": "8", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cd": "Christmas Eve, 1968", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0ce": "Apollo 8", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf": "8", "5725f239271a42140099d35d": "a magnetic tape shortage", "5725f239271a42140099d35e": "Apollo TV camera which recorded in a format", "5725f239271a42140099d35f": "a magnetic tape shortage", "5725f239271a42140099d360": "magnetic tape shortage", "5725f239271a42140099d361": "Stan Lebar", "5725f39638643c19005acef7": "Nafzger", "5725f39638643c19005acef8": "random noise", "5725f39638643c19005acef9": "Nafzger", "5725f39638643c19005acefa": "Lowry Digital", "5725f39638643c19005acefb": "Lowry Digital for restoration. The video was processed to remove random noise and camera shake without destroying historical legitimacy.", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5c": "Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties.", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5d": "direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states.", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5e": "The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties.", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5f": "The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties.", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd60": "Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties.", "5725c28a271a42140099d14d": "direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states.", "5725c28a271a42140099d14e": "direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states.", "5725c28a271a42140099d14f": "Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties.", "5725c28a271a42140099d150": "The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties.", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f0": "The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties.", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f1": "The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties.", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f2": "The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties.", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f3": "Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties.", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d1": "the courts of member states", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d2": "the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d3": "the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d4": "the courts of member states", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d5": "the courts of member states", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d503": "the courts of member states", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d504": "the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d505": "the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union.", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d506": "the courts of member states", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890a": "the courts of member states", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890b": "the courts of member states", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890c": "the courts of member states", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890d": "the courts of member states", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d549": "not have a codified constitution, like every political body it has laws which \"constitute\" its basic governance structure.", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54a": "the European Union does not have a codified constitution, like every political body it has laws which \"constitute\" its basic governance structure.", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54b": "the European Union does not have a codified constitution, like every political body it has laws which \"constitute\" its basic governance structure.", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54c": "the European Union does not have a codified constitution, like every political body it has laws which \"constitute\" its basic governance structure.", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54d": "the Commissioners and the board of the European Central Bank", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb4": "the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb5": "the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb6": "the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb7": "primary law", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb8": "the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894e": "the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894f": "Gibraltar", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8950": "the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8951": "the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bb": "Major amending treaties were signed to complete the development of a single, internal market in the Single European Act 1986", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bc": "the Treaty of Rome 1957", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bd": "Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970s. Major amending treaties were signed to complete the development of a single, internal market", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5be": "Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970s. Major amending treaties were signed to complete the development of a single, internal market", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bf": "Greenland", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b0": "common rules for coal and steel", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b1": "Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970s. Major amending treaties were signed to complete the development of a single, internal market", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b2": "1986", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b3": "the Treaty of Rome 1957", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b4": "the Treaty of Rome 1957 and the Maastricht Treaty 1992 (now: TFEU", "57264865dd62a815002e8062": "the constitutional law of the European Union and make it more transparent; this would have also produced a single constitutional document.", "57264865dd62a815002e8063": "2004", "57264865dd62a815002e8064": "reform the constitutional law of the European Union and make it more transparent; this would have also produced a single constitutional document.", "57264865dd62a815002e8065": "reform the constitutional law of the European Union and make it more transparent; this would have also produced a single constitutional document.", "57264865dd62a815002e8066": "reform the constitutional law of the European Union and make it more transparent; this would have also produced a single constitutional document.", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c4": "the constitutional law of the European Union and make it more transparent; this would have also produced a single constitutional document.", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c5": "the constitutional law of the European Union and make it more transparent; this would have also produced a single constitutional document.", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c6": "2004", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c7": "reform the constitutional law of the European Union and make it more transparent; this would have also produced a single constitutional document.", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808c": "Article 17(1)", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808d": "The European Commission is the main executive body of the European Union.", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808e": "Article 17(1)", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808f": "Article 17(1)", "57264a8cdd62a815002e8090": "Article 17(1)", "572691545951b619008f76e1": "The European Commission is the main executive body of the European Union. Article 17(1)", "572691545951b619008f76e2": "The European Commission is the main executive body of the European Union.", "572691545951b619008f76e3": "The European Commission is the main executive body of the European Union.", "572691545951b619008f76e4": "Ireland refused to consent to changes in the Treaty of Lisbon 2007", "572691545951b619008f76e5": "The European Commission is the main executive body of the European Union.", "57264e455951b619008f6f65": "Santer", "57264e455951b619008f6f66": "exempt from member state taxes", "57264e455951b619008f6f67": "a culture had developed where few Commissioners had \u2018even the slightest sense of responsibility\u2019. This led to the creation of the European Anti-fraud Office", "57264e455951b619008f6f68": "the Santer Commission was censured by Parliament in 1999", "57264e455951b619008f6f69": "Commissioners have sometimes been found to have abused their offices, particularly since the Santer", "5726926a5951b619008f7709": "1999", "5726926a5951b619008f770a": "Parliament", "5726926a5951b619008f770b": "slightest sense of responsibility\u2019. This led to the creation of the European Anti-fraud Office", "5726926a5951b619008f770c": "European Anti-fraud Office", "5726926a5951b619008f770d": "Office", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbee": "its role participation in the legislative process", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbef": "the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process.", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf0": "a monopoly on initiating legislation, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process.", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf1": "Santer Commission in 1999", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf2": "consultation", "5726938af1498d1400e8e446": "the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process.", "5726938af1498d1400e8e447": "consultation", "5726938af1498d1400e8e448": "a monopoly on initiating legislation, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process.", "5726938af1498d1400e8e449": "a monopoly on initiating legislation, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process.", "5726938af1498d1400e8e44a": "a monopoly on initiating legislation, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process.", "5726545f708984140094c2a5": "the Council, which is composed of different ministers of the member states.", "5726545f708984140094c2a6": "sk", "5726545f708984140094c2a7": "the Council, which is composed of different ministers of the member states.", "5726545f708984140094c2a8": "the Council, which is composed of different ministers of the member states.", "5726545f708984140094c2a9": "the Council, which is composed of different ministers of the member states.", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1e": "environmental issues", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1f": "environmental issues", "57269424dd62a815002e8a20": "environmental issues", "57269424dd62a815002e8a21": "environmental issues", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fa": "a \"Conciliation Committee", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fb": "a \"Conciliation Committee", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fc": "ordinary legislative procedure\" that applies for most EU acts.", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fd": "5", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fe": "a \"Conciliation Committee", "572695285951b619008f774b": "a \"Conciliation Committee", "572695285951b619008f774c": "ordinary legislative procedure\" that applies for most EU acts.", "572695285951b619008f774d": "a \"Conciliation Committee", "572695285951b619008f774e": "a \"Conciliation Committee", "572658435951b619008f7025": "interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration.", "572658435951b619008f7026": "interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration.", "572658435951b619008f7027": "interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration.", "572658435951b619008f7028": "interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration.", "572658435951b619008f7029": "interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration.", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e484": "interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration.", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e485": "interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration.", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e486": "detail but without general importance. There is also a Civil Service Tribunal", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e487": "interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration.", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e488": "interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration.", "57265e455951b619008f70bb": "national law, and the court would have a duty to consider his claim to make a reference if there would be no appeal against its decision.", "57265e455951b619008f70bc": "national law", "57265e455951b619008f70bd": "national", "5726975c708984140094cb1f": "national law, and the court would have a duty to consider his claim to make a reference if there would be no appeal against its decision.", "5726975c708984140094cb20": "national law, and the court would have a duty to consider his claim to make a reference if there would be no appeal against its decision.", "5726975c708984140094cb21": "national law", "572699db5951b619008f7799": "the Court of Justice has the final say on foundational constitutional questions affecting democracy and human rights.", "572699db5951b619008f779a": "1972", "572699db5951b619008f779b": "1972", "572699db5951b619008f779d": "the UK Supreme Court noted that in R (HS2 Action Alliance Ltd) v Secretary of State for Transport", "572699db5951b619008f779c": "its basic constitutional rights and principles (particularly democracy, the rule of law and the social state principles) then it cannot override German law", "57269aa65951b619008f77ab": "administrative law binds EU institutions and member states to follow the law.", "57269aa65951b619008f77ac": "1986 to not be allowed to bring claims against other non-state parties", "57269aa65951b619008f77ad": "administrative law binds EU institutions and member states to follow the law.", "57269aa65951b619008f77ae": "administrative law binds EU institutions and member states to follow the law.", "57269bb8708984140094cb95": "Italy", "57269bb8708984140094cb96": "quantitative restrictions could be placed on trade, without a good justification, Van Gend en Loos could recover the money it paid for the tariff.", "57269bb8708984140094cb97": "Van Gend en Loos, a postal company", "57269bb8708984140094cb98": "quantitative restrictions could be placed on trade, without a good justification, Van Gend en Loos could recover the money it paid for the tariff.", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b12": "horizontal", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b13": "Directive", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b14": "horizontal", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b15": "Directives should create rights and duties for all citizens", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e516": "equality", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e517": "equality", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e518": "general principle\" of EU law, it can be invoked between private non-state parties before its deadline for implementation.", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e519": "solvents by the deadline, it was estopped from enforcing a conflicting national law from 1963 against Mr Ratti's solvent and varnish business", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e51a": "Foster v British Gas plc", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e534": "indirect effect\".", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e535": "indirect effect\".", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e536": "Italy", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e537": "ra", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e550": "the European Court of Justice", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e551": "The principles of European Union law are rules of law", "5726a09f708984140094cc39": "The principle of proportionality", "5726a09f708984140094cc3a": "5", "5726a09f708984140094cc3b": "Proportionality", "5726a14c708984140094cc51": "legitimate expectation", "5726a14c708984140094cc52": "legitimate expectation", "5726a14c708984140094cc53": "legitimate expectation", "5726a14c708984140094cc54": "The doctrine of legitimate expectation", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b86": "the constitutional traditions", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b87": "Fundamental rights, as in human rights, were first recognised by the European Court of Justice in the late 60s", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9e": "None", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9f": "None", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba0": "None", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba1": "None of the original treaties establishing the European Union mention protection for fundamental rights.", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba2": "1999", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59e": "the Treaties.", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59f": "Strasbourg on 12 December 2007, which shall have the same legal value as the Treaties.", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a0": "the Charter and the Convention now co-exist under European Union law", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a1": "the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5ae": "1997 Treaty of Amsterdam covering social policy issues in European Union law.", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5af": "Social Chapter is a chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam covering social policy issues in European Union law.", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b0": "1989", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b1": "30", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b2": "40", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd0": "Social Policy", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd1": "Social Policy", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd2": "Social Charter and was exempt from the legislation covering Social Charter issues unless it agreed to be bound by the legislation.", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd3": "Social Charter", "5726a5525951b619008f78dd": "the Agreement on Social Policy, which allowed it to be included with minor amendments as the Social Chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a5525951b619008f78de": "the Agreement on Social Policy", "5726a5525951b619008f78df": "the UK Labour Party to government in 1997", "5726a5525951b619008f78e0": "the UK Labour Party to government in 1997", "5726a5525951b619008f78e1": "1994 Works Council Directive, which required workforce consultation in businesses, and the 1996 Parental Leave Directive.", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf6": "Germany from re-establishing dominance in the production of coal and steel", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf7": "Rome", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf8": "Rome", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf9": "companies", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bfa": "1957 competition rules were included in the Treaty of Rome", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e654": "dominant position", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e655": "dominant position", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e656": "dominant position", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e657": "dominant position, such as price discrimination and exclusive dealing. Article 102 allows the European Council to regulations to govern mergers between firms", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b55": "2007", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b56": "trade", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b57": "social market economy\" was only introduced into EU law in 2007", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b58": "1957", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b59": "specific goals of free trade", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbe": "freedom of association", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbf": "trade", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc0": "freedom of association", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc1": "Spanish strawberries", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc2": "Commission v France French farmer vigilantes were continually sabotaging shipments of Spanish strawberries", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e8": "25", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e9": "2009", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ea": "2009", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8eb": "2003", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ec": "vegetable fat", "5726ba2c708984140094cf59": "cut throat competition", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5a": "advertising were \"the only effective form of promotion enabling [a trader] to penetrate\" the market.", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5b": "French competition law, which prevented them selling Picon beer under wholesale price, was unlawful. The aim of the law was to prevent cut throat competition", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5c": "the Unfair Commercial Practices", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e74": "free movement", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e75": "economic", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e76": "economic", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e77": "The Court of Justice held that Mr Steymann", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e78": "free movement.", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea6": "tax", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea7": "The Free Movement of Workers Regulation articles 1 to 7 set out the main provisions on equal treatment of workers.", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea8": "Austrians", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea9": "Hendrix v Employee Insurance Institute", "5726bc1add62a815002e8eaa": "Austrians", "5726bcde708984140094cfbf": "the Court of Justice", "5726bcde708984140094cfc0": "the Court of Justice", "5726bcde708984140094cfc1": "Commission", "5726bcde708984140094cfc2": "the Court of Justice", "5726c002708984140094d073": "vertical\" and \"horizontal\" direct effect.", "5726c002708984140094d074": "the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5726c002708984140094d075": "nationality", "5726c002708984140094d076": "vertical\" and \"horizontal\" direct effect.", "5726c002708984140094d077": "Stuttgart", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8a": "a toxic waste spill", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8b": "a toxic waste spill", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8c": "draft intellectual property rights directive", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8d": "a toxic waste spill", "5726c3da708984140094d0d9": "Alpine", "5726c3da708984140094d0da": "drugs were controlled in all member states, and so this differed from other cases where prostitution or other quasi-legal activity was subject to restriction.", "5726c3da708984140094d0db": "Alpine", "5726c3da708984140094d0dc": "Van Binsbergen", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac4": "unjustified regulatory competition", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac5": "minimum share capital rules", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac6": "minimum share capital rules", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac7": "Daily Mail and General Trust plc) v HM Treasury that member states could restrict a company moving its seat of business", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac8": "Dutch building company", "5725b81b271a42140099d097": "Floresta Amaz\u00f4nica or Amaz\u00f4nia; Spanish: Selva Amaz\u00f3nica, Amazon\u00eda or usually Amazonia; French: For\u00eat amazonienne", "5725b81b271a42140099d098": "French: For\u00eat amazonienne; Dutch: Amazoneregenwoud", "5725b81b271a42140099d099": "French: For\u00eat amazonienne", "5725b81b271a42140099d09a": "French: For\u00eat amazonienne", "5725b81b271a42140099d09b": "French: For\u00eat amazonienne; Dutch: Amazoneregenwoud", "5728349dff5b5019007d9efe": "genwoud", "5728349dff5b5019007d9eff": "French: For\u00eat amazonienne; Dutch: Amazoneregenwoud", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f00": "French: For\u00eat amazonienne; Dutch: Amazoneregenwoud", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f01": "Dutch: Amazoneregenwoud", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f02": "genwoud", "5729e2316aef0514001550c4": "French: For\u00eat amazonienne", "5729e2316aef0514001550c5": "French: For\u00eat amazonienne", "5729e2316aef0514001550c6": "French: For\u00eat amazonienne", "5729e2316aef0514001550c7": "French: For\u00eat amazonienne", "5729e2316aef0514001550c8": "Dutch: Amazoneregenwoud", "5725be0f271a42140099d117": "wetter climate may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent.", "5725be0f271a42140099d118": "wetter climate may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent.", "5725be0f271a42140099d119": "relatively", "5725be0f271a42140099d11a": "the extinction of the dinosaurs and the wetter climate may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent.", "5725be0f271a42140099d11b": "the extinction of the dinosaurs and the wetter climate may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent.", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f94": "wetter climate may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent.", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f95": "45\u00b0", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f96": "66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f97": "wetter climate may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent.", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f98": "the extinction of the dinosaurs and the wetter climate may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent.", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b5": "wetter climate may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent.", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b6": "\u00b0", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b7": "wetter climate may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent.", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b8": "the extinction of the dinosaurs and the wetter climate may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent.", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b9": "fluctuations", "5725c071271a42140099d127": "the Purus Arch", "5725c071271a42140099d128": "Atlantic", "5725c071271a42140099d129": "Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5725c071271a42140099d12a": "Atlantic", "5725c071271a42140099d12b": "Arch", "57283d173acd2414000df78f": "the Purus Arch", "57283d173acd2414000df790": "the Purus Arch", "57283d173acd2414000df791": "the Purus Arch", "57283d173acd2414000df792": "Arch", "57283d173acd2414000df793": "the Purus Arch", "5729e6313f37b319004785a9": "the Purus Arch", "5729e6313f37b319004785aa": "the Purus Arch", "5729e6313f37b319004785ab": "the Purus Arch", "5729e6313f37b319004785ac": "the Purus Arch", "5729e6313f37b319004785ad": "the Purus Arch", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50b": "rainfall", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50c": "Fan", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50d": "rainfall", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50e": "rainfall", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50f": "rainfall", "572841772ca10214002da1a6": "sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan", "572841772ca10214002da1a7": "rainfall", "572841772ca10214002da1a8": "sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan", "572841772ca10214002da1a9": "sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa779": "sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77a": "sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77b": "sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77c": "small, isolated refugia separated by open forest and grassland", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77d": "sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan", "5725c63438643c19005acc9f": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind", "5725c63438643c19005acca0": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind", "5725c63438643c19005acca1": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind", "5725c63438643c19005acca2": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind", "5725c63438643c19005acca3": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind", "5728455bff5b5019007da078": "wind", "5728455bff5b5019007da079": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind", "5728455bff5b5019007da07a": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind", "5728455bff5b5019007da07b": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind", "5728455bff5b5019007da07c": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind", "5729ea263f37b319004785bd": "wind", "5729ea263f37b319004785be": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind", "5729ea263f37b319004785bf": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind", "5729ea263f37b319004785c0": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind", "5729ea263f37b319004785c1": "Caribbean Sea", "5725c95f38643c19005accf3": "poor soil. Archeologist Betty Meggers", "5725c95f38643c19005accf4": "hunting", "5725c95f38643c19005accf5": "hunting", "5725c95f38643c19005accf6": "Betty Meggers", "5725c95f38643c19005accf7": "Betty Meggers", "572847dd4b864d19001648bc": "Betty Meggers", "572847dd4b864d19001648bd": "Betty Meggers", "572847dd4b864d19001648be": "poor soil. Archeologist Betty Meggers", "572847dd4b864d19001648bf": "poor soil. Archeologist Betty Meggers", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6c9": "Betty Meggers", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6ca": "Betty Meggers", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cb": "Betty Meggers", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cc": "Betty Meggers", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cd": "Betty Meggers", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed2": "smallpox", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed3": "smallpox", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed4": "smallpox", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed5": "smallpox.", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed6": "smallpox", "5729edd56aef051400155112": "smallpox", "5729edd56aef051400155113": "smallpox", "5729edd56aef051400155114": "smallpox.", "5729edd56aef051400155115": "smallpox", "5729edd56aef051400155116": "smallpox", "5725cf3238643c19005acd61": "black", "5725cf3238643c19005acd62": "black", "5725cf3238643c19005acd63": "Terra preta", "5725cf3238643c19005acd64": "black", "5725cf3238643c19005acd65": "black", "5729ef266aef05140015511c": "black", "5729ef266aef05140015511d": "black", "5729ef266aef05140015511e": "Terra preta", "5729ef266aef05140015511f": "Terra preta", "5729ef266aef051400155120": "Michael", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61b": "2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals.", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61c": "2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals.", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61d": "The region is home to about 2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals.", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61e": "2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals.", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61f": "2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals.", "5729f0db6aef051400155126": "2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals.", "5729f0db6aef051400155127": "2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals.", "5729f0db6aef051400155128": "2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals.", "5729f0db6aef051400155129": "The region is home to about 2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals.", "5729f0db6aef05140015512a": "2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals.", "5726722bdd62a815002e8528": "2001", "5726722bdd62a815002e8529": "2001", "5726722bdd62a815002e852a": "2001", "5726722bdd62a815002e852b": "2001", "5726722bdd62a815002e852c": "economic and social interest", "5729f2646aef051400155130": "2001", "5729f2646aef051400155131": "1999", "5729f2646aef051400155132": "2001 study finding a quarter square kilometer (62 acres) of Ecuadorian rainforest supports more than 1,100 tree species. A study in 1999", "5729f2646aef051400155133": "2001", "5729f2646aef051400155134": "economic", "5729f3831d0469140077967b": "electric eels", "5729f3831d0469140077967c": "black", "5729f3831d0469140077967d": "electric eels", "5729f3831d0469140077967e": "black caiman, jaguar, cougar, and anaconda.", "5729f3831d0469140077967f": "Vampire bats dwell in the rainforest and can spread the rabies virus", "5729fd56af94a219006aa72f": "human settlement and development of the land.", "5729fd56af94a219006aa730": "access to the forest's interior was highly restricted, and the forest remained basically intact.", "5729fd56af94a219006aa731": "human settlement and development of the land.", "5729fd56af94a219006aa732": "human settlement and development of the land.", "5729fd56af94a219006aa733": "human settlement and development of the land.", "5729feaf6aef051400155188": "587,000 square kilometres (160,000 to 227,000 sq mi), with most of the lost forest becoming pasture for cattle.", "5729feaf6aef051400155189": "becoming pasture for cattle", "5729feaf6aef05140015518a": "587,000 square kilometres (160,000 to 227,000 sq mi), with most of the lost forest becoming pasture for cattle.", "5729feaf6aef05140015518b": "Seventy percent of formerly forested land in the Amazon, and 91% of land deforested since 1970, is used for livestock pasture.", "5729feaf6aef05140015518c": "587,000 square kilometres (160,000 to 227,000 sq mi), with most of the lost forest becoming pasture for cattle.", "572a005f1d046914007796b7": "projects", "572a005f1d046914007796b8": "projects", "572a005f1d046914007796b9": "soy farmers", "572a005f1d046914007796bb": "soy farmers", "572a005f1d046914007796ba": "soy farmers", "572a020f6aef051400155198": "destruction of the forest, and also about the release of the carbon contained within the vegetation, which could accelerate global warming.", "572a020f6aef051400155199": "forest, and also about the release of the carbon contained within the vegetation, which could accelerate global warming. Amazonian evergreen forests", "572a020f6aef05140015519a": "carbon contained within the vegetation, which could accelerate global warming. Amazonian evergreen forests", "572a020f6aef05140015519b": "evergreen forests", "572a020f6aef05140015519c": "evergreen forests", "572a03a06aef0514001551aa": "greenhouse gas emissions", "572a03a06aef0514001551ab": "greenhouse gas emissions", "572a03a06aef0514001551ac": "greenhouse gas emissions", "572a03a06aef0514001551ad": "weak increases to strong decreases. The result indicates that the rainforest could be threatened though the 21st century by climate change", "572a03a06aef0514001551ae": "change", "572a064a3f37b3190047865d": "deforestation and ecocide", "572a064a3f37b3190047865e": "the", "572a064a3f37b3190047865f": "deforestation", "572a064a3f37b31900478660": "deforestation", "572a064a3f37b31900478661": "the relationship between non-human primates in the subsistence and symbolism of indigenous lowland South American peoples has gained increased", "572a07c11d046914007796d5": "commercial interests", "572a07c11d046914007796d6": "commercial interests", "572a07c11d046914007796d7": "Trio", "572a07c11d046914007796d8": "remote sensing", "572a07c11d046914007796d9": "commercial interests", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75b": "2006", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75c": "2006", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75d": "2006", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75e": "2006", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75f": "2006", "572a0b101d046914007796e9": "2006 could have been a second successive year of drought. A July 23, 2006", "572a0b101d046914007796eb": "orestation", "572a0b101d046914007796ec": "orestation", "572a0b101d046914007796ed": "orestation", "572a0b101d046914007796ea": "2006 could have been a second successive year of drought. A July 23, 2006", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa76f": "2005", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa770": "2005 drought.", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa771": "2005", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa772": "2005", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa773": "2010 the Amazon rainforest experienced another severe drought", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe1": "marine waters", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe2": "marine waters", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe3": "marine waters", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf2": "marine waters", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf3": "marine waters", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf4": "marine waters", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf5": "marine waters", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf6": "marine waters", "57263eaa38643c19005ad371": "marine waters", "57263eaa38643c19005ad372": "marine waters", "57263eaa38643c19005ad373": "swimming", "57263eaa38643c19005ad374": "k", "57263eaa38643c19005ad375": "marine waters", "5725bae289a1e219009abd90": "ten times their own weight", "5725bae289a1e219009abd91": "ten times their own weight", "5725bae289a1e219009abd92": "ten times their own weight", "5725c337271a42140099d163": "ten times their own weight", "5725c337271a42140099d164": "little", "5725c337271a42140099d165": "ten times their own weight", "5725c337271a42140099d166": "ten times their own weight", "5725c337271a42140099d167": "coastal beroids, which lack tentacles and prey on other ctenophores by using huge mouths armed with groups of large, stiffened cilia", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ee": "ten times their own weight", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ef": "microscopic larvae and rotifers to the adults of small crustaceans", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f0": "microscopic larvae and rotifers to the adults of small crustaceans", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f1": "ten times their own weight", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f2": "microscopic larvae and rotifers to the adults of small crustaceans", "5725bc0338643c19005acc11": "simultaneous hermaphrodites", "5725bc0338643c19005acc12": "simultaneous hermaphrodites", "5725bc0338643c19005acc13": "simultaneous hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5e": "simultaneous hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5f": "simultaneous hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe60": "simultaneous hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe61": "simultaneous hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe62": "simultaneous hermaphrodites", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd1": "sequential hermaphrodites", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd2": "simultaneous hermaphrodites", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd3": "simultaneous hermaphrodites", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd4": "simultaneous hermaphrodites", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd5": "large mouths and no tentacles", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc39": "summer months", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3a": "Beroe", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3b": "summer months", "5725c69738643c19005accb9": "summer months", "5725c69738643c19005accba": "small zooplanktonic organisms such as copepods", "5725c69738643c19005accbb": "summer months", "5725c69738643c19005accbc": "summer months", "5726431d271a42140099d7f5": "summer months", "5726431d271a42140099d7f6": "small zooplanktonic organisms such as copepods", "5726431d271a42140099d7f7": "Beroe", "5726431d271a42140099d7f8": "Beroe", "5726431d271a42140099d7f9": "Ctenophores may be abundant during the summer months", "5725c91e38643c19005acceb": "soft", "5725c91e38643c19005accec": "soft", "5725c91e38643c19005acced": "no tentacles", "5725c91e38643c19005accee": "soft", "5726449f1125e71900ae1928": "soft", "5726449f1125e71900ae1929": "soft", "5726449f1125e71900ae192a": "soft", "5726449f1125e71900ae192b": "soft", "5725cb33271a42140099d1db": "sponge", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dc": "sponge", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dd": "sponge", "5725cb33271a42140099d1de": "Ctenophores form an animal phylum that is more complex than sponge", "5725cb33271a42140099d1df": "sponge", "572646655951b619008f6ebf": "sponge", "572646655951b619008f6ec0": "sponge", "572646655951b619008f6ec1": "sponge", "572646655951b619008f6ec2": "sponge", "572646655951b619008f6ec3": "sponge", "572647d0708984140094c14b": "two main layers of cells that sandwich a middle layer of jelly-like material", "572647d0708984140094c14c": "sponge", "572647d0708984140094c14d": "jelly-like material", "572647d0708984140094c14e": "sponge", "572648e8dd62a815002e8076": "cilia (\"hairs\") as their main method of locomotion.", "572648e8dd62a815002e8077": "\"ctenes,\" stacked along the comb rows so that when the cilia beat, those of each comb touch the comb below.", "572648e8dd62a815002e8078": "ctenophores are the largest non-colonial animals that use cilia (\"hairs\") as their main method of locomotion.", "572648e8dd62a815002e8079": "ctenophores are the largest non-colonial animals that use cilia", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db40": "wide", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db41": "wide", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db42": "three", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db43": "wide", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a0": "anal pores. The inner surface of the cavity is lined with an epithelium, the gastrodermis", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a1": "anal pores.", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a2": "anal pores.", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a3": "anal pores", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a4": "anal pores", "57264cfa708984140094c1c3": "evenly", "57264cfa708984140094c1c4": "evenly", "57264cfa708984140094c1c5": "9 + 3", "57264cfa708984140094c1c6": "evenly", "57264cfa708984140094c1c7": "evenly", "57264e66dd62a815002e811a": "experiments have shown that some species rely on osmotic pressure", "57264e66dd62a815002e811b": "ores", "57264e66dd62a815002e811c": "less dense brackish water, the ciliary rosettes", "57264e66dd62a815002e811d": "ctenophores", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5e": "trailing tentacles", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5f": "transparent dome made of long, immobile cilia", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc60": "transparent dome made of long, immobile cilia", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc61": "trailing tentacles", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc62": "transparent dome made of long, immobile cilia", "57265746dd62a815002e8218": "berry", "57265746dd62a815002e8219": "berry", "57265746dd62a815002e821a": "slender", "57265746dd62a815002e821b": "slender", "57265746dd62a815002e821c": "slender", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcac": "tentilla", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcad": "smooth", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcae": "little tentacles\")", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcaf": "little tentacles\")", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcb0": "little tentacles\")", "572659ea5951b619008f7051": "eight", "572659ea5951b619008f7052": "eight", "572659ea5951b619008f7053": "eight rows of combs that run from near the mouth to the opposite end, and are spaced evenly round the body.", "572659ea5951b619008f7054": "eight", "57265aaf5951b619008f706b": "muscular, cuplike extensions of the body that project beyond the mouth.", "57265aaf5951b619008f706c": "four", "57265aaf5951b619008f706d": "four", "57265aaf5951b619008f706e": "four", "57265aaf5951b619008f706f": "suspended planktonic prey", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd36": "eight", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd37": "eight", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd38": "eight", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd39": "nerves", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd50": "no", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd51": "no", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd52": "narrow strips", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd53": "no", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd54": "no", "57265e97708984140094c3c3": "belt animals\") are ribbon", "57265e97708984140094c3c6": "belt animals", "57265e97708984140094c3c4": "belt animals", "57265e97708984140094c3c5": "belt animals", "57265e97708984140094c3c7": "belt animals", "572681c1dd62a815002e8796": "oval", "572681c1dd62a815002e8797": "everting the pharynx and using it as a muscular \"foot\".", "572681c1dd62a815002e8798": "comb-rows", "572681c1dd62a815002e8799": "everting the pharynx and using it as a muscular \"foot\".", "572683075951b619008f7513": "external in most species, but platyctenids use internal fertilization and keep the eggs in brood chambers until they hatch.", "572683075951b619008f7514": "platyctenids use internal fertilization and keep the eggs in brood chambers until they hatch.", "572683075951b619008f7515": "Mnemiopsis", "572683075951b619008f7516": "The gonads are located in the parts of the internal canal network", "572683075951b619008f7517": "external in most species, but platyctenids use internal fertilization and keep the eggs in brood chambers until they hatch.", "572684365951b619008f753f": "tentacles", "572684365951b619008f7540": "flat, bottom-dwelling platyctenids", "572684365951b619008f7541": "no distinctive larval form, and juveniles of all groups generally resemble miniature cydippid adults.", "572684365951b619008f7542": "flat, bottom-dwelling platyctenids", "572684365951b619008f7543": "tentacles", "572686fc708984140094c8e5": "ink", "572686fc708984140094c8e6": "ink", "572686fc708984140094c8e7": "ink", "572686fc708984140094c8e8": "ink", "5726887e708984140094c917": "Lampea feeds exclusively on salps", "5726887e708984140094c918": "salps", "5726887e708984140094c919": "10 times their own weight per day.", "5726887e708984140094c91a": "salps", "5726887e708984140094c91b": "10 times their own weight per day.", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33c": "the combs sometimes remain intact long enough to provide a clue.", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33d": "ctenophores in the guts of possible predators, although the combs sometimes remain intact long enough to provide a clue.", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33e": "low ratio of organic matter to salt and water made them a poor diet for other animals.", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33f": "Ctenophores used to be regarded as \"dead ends", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e340": "organic matter to salt and water made them a poor diet for other animals.", "57268c01dd62a815002e8912": "ships", "57268c01dd62a815002e8913": "ballast tanks", "57268c01dd62a815002e8915": "ships", "57268c01dd62a815002e8914": "ballast tanks", "57268c01dd62a815002e8916": "chronic overfishing", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39c": "lagerst\u00e4tten, places where the environment was exceptionally suited to preservation of soft tissue.", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39d": "jelly", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39e": "lagerst\u00e4tten, places where the environment was exceptionally suited to preservation of soft tissue.", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39f": "Three additional putative species were then found in the Burgess Shale", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e3a0": "lagerst\u00e4tten, places where the environment was exceptionally suited to preservation of soft tissue.", "57268f05dd62a815002e8990": "The early Cambrian sessile frond-like fossil Stromatoveris, from China's Chengjiang lagerst\u00e4tte", "57268f05dd62a815002e8991": "The early Cambrian sessile frond-like fossil Stromatoveris, from China's Chengjiang lagerst\u00e4tte", "57268f05dd62a815002e8992": "is", "57268f05dd62a815002e8993": "Vendobionta", "57268f05dd62a815002e8994": "The early Cambrian sessile frond-like fossil Stromatoveris, from China's Chengjiang lagerst\u00e4tte", "57269016708984140094ca41": "debate for many years.", "57269016708984140094ca42": "debate for many years.", "572691bedd62a815002e89dc": "retractable tentacles", "572691bedd62a815002e89dd": "2001", "572691bedd62a815002e89de": "Richard Harbison's purely morphological analysis in 1985", "572691bedd62a815002e89df": "tentacles", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4d": "520,159", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4e": "520,159, making it the fifth-largest city in California, the largest inland city in California and the 34th-largest in the nation.", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4f": "ash tree\" in Spanish", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd50": "ash leaf", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd51": "520,159, making it the fifth-largest city in California, the largest inland city in California and the 34th-largest in the nation.", "5725cfd0271a42140099d225": "1872", "5725cfd0271a42140099d226": "1872", "5725cfd0271a42140099d227": "1885", "5725cfd0271a42140099d228": "1872", "5725cfd0271a42140099d229": "1872", "5725d183271a42140099d23d": "Little Armenia, German Town, Little Italy, and Chinatown.", "5725d183271a42140099d23e": "Little Armenia, German Town, Little Italy, and Chinatown.", "5725d183271a42140099d23f": "Little Armenia, German Town, Little Italy, and Chinatown.", "5725d183271a42140099d240": "Pinedale, in what is now North Fresno, was the site of the Pinedale Assembly Center", "5725d183271a42140099d241": "Little Armenia, German Town, Little Italy, and Chinatown.", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d639": "Fresno", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63a": "1976", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63b": "1976", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63c": "1976", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63d": "1976", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf58": "Bill Aken", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf59": "Bill Aken", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5a": "Fresno", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5b": "guitar", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5c": "Fresno", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d687": "three", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d688": "three", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d689": "historic Kearney Mansion", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68a": "three", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68b": "three", "5725d7e438643c19005acdf9": "electric Street Cars", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfa": "Downtown Fresno flourished, filled with electric Street Cars", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfb": "Fresno Water Tower, the Bank of Italy Building, the Pacific Southwest Building, the San Joaquin Light & Power Building (currently known as the Grand 1401", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfc": "electric Street Cars", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b3": "1964", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b4": "1964", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b5": "Fresno", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b6": "automobile", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b7": "1964", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c5": "Chestnut", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c6": "Chestnut", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c7": "Chestnut", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c8": "Chestnut", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c9": "Chestnut", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfea": "1939 and is at Olive and Wishon Avenues in the heart of the Tower District.", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfeb": "1939", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfec": "1939", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfed": "Tower Theatre", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfee": "Olive and Wishon Avenues in the heart of the Tower District.", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d7": "culturally diverse area of retail businesses and residences experienced a renewal after a significant decline in the late 1960s and 1970s.[citation needed] After decades of neglect", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d8": "neglect and suburban flight, the neighborhood revival followed the re-opening of the Tower Theatre in the late 1970s", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d9": "neglect and suburban flight, the neighborhood revival followed the re-opening of the Tower Theatre", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2da": "culturally diverse area of retail businesses and residences experienced a renewal after a significant decline in the late 1960s and 1970s.[citation needed] After decades of neglect", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2db": "Fresno", "5725e45689a1e219009ac048": "Olive Avenue, and all within a few hundred feet of each other. Since renewal, the Tower District", "5725e45689a1e219009ac049": "Olive Avenue, and all within a few hundred feet of each other. Since renewal, the Tower District", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04a": "Olive Avenue, and all within a few hundred feet of each other. Since renewal, the Tower District", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04b": "Olive Avenue, and all within a few hundred feet of each other. Since renewal, the Tower District", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04c": "Olive Avenue, and all within a few hundred feet of each other. Since renewal, the Tower District", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d733": "early twentieth century homes, many of which have been restored in recent decades.", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d734": "The area is also known for its early twentieth century homes, many of which have been restored in recent decades.", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d735": "District", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d736": "early twentieth century homes, many of which have been restored in recent decades.", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0ae": "1910", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0af": "William Stranahan", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b0": "1910", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b1": "1910", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b2": "1910", "5725edfe38643c19005ace9f": "99", "5725edfe38643c19005acea0": "41", "5725edfe38643c19005acea1": "99", "5725edfe38643c19005acea2": "99", "5725edfe38643c19005acea3": "99 freeway", "5725f00938643c19005aced7": "palm trees", "5725f00938643c19005aced8": "palm trees", "5725f00938643c19005aced9": "Boulevard", "5725f00938643c19005aceda": "the Fresno City Council", "5725f00938643c19005acedb": "violent crime", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d76f": "the Fresno Housing Authority", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d770": "the Fresno Housing Authority", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d771": "the Fresno Housing Authority", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d772": "the Fresno Housing Authority", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d773": "the Fresno Housing Authority", "5725f2c838643c19005aceed": "Ralph", "5725f2c838643c19005aceee": "the San Joaquin River", "5725f2c838643c19005aceef": "renovated in 2010", "5725f2c838643c19005acef0": "99", "5725f2c838643c19005acef1": "Ralph", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fa": "1946", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fb": "Developer William", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fc": "1946", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fd": "1946", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fe": "1946", "5725f5b1271a42140099d371": "mild, moist winters and hot and dry summers, thus displaying Mediterranean characteristics.", "5725f5b1271a42140099d372": "July", "5725f5b1271a42140099d373": "mild, moist winters and hot and dry summers, thus displaying Mediterranean characteristics.", "5725f5b1271a42140099d374": "mild, moist winters and hot and dry summers, thus displaying Mediterranean characteristics.", "5725f5b1271a42140099d375": "mild, moist winters and hot and dry summers, thus displaying Mediterranean characteristics.", "5725f6e138643c19005acf19": "1905", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1a": "1905", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1b": "1905", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1c": "1905", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1d": "1905", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf23": "494,665. The population density was 4,404.5 people per square mile (1,700.6/km\u00b2).", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf24": "494,665", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf25": "494,665. The population density was 4,404.5 people per square mile (1,700.6/km\u00b2).", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf26": "494,665. The population density was 4,404.5 people per square mile (1,700.6/km\u00b2).", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf27": "494,665. The population density was 4,404.5 people per square mile (1,700.6/km\u00b2).", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b1": "158,349 households, of which 68,511 (43.3%) had children under the", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b2": "no", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b3": "158,349 households, of which 68,511 (43.3%) had children under the", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b4": "158,349", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b5": "158,349", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac128": "427,652 people, 140,079 households, and 97,915 families residing in the city.", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac129": "149,025 housing units at an average density of 1,427.9 square miles (3,698 km2).", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12a": "427,652 people, 140,079 households, and 97,915 families residing in the city.", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12b": "427,652 people, 140,079 households, and 97,915 families residing in the city.", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12c": "427,652 people, 140,079 households, and 97,915 families residing in the city.", "5725fb8138643c19005acf3f": "KMJ-TV, which debuted on June 1, 1953", "5725fb8138643c19005acf40": "KMJ-TV, which debuted on June 1, 1953", "5725fb8138643c19005acf41": "1953", "5725fb8138643c19005acf42": "the Federal Communications Commission decided that Fresno would only have UHF television stations.", "5725fb8138643c19005acf43": "KMJ-TV, which debuted on June 1, 1953", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ad": "99", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ae": "99", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3af": "99", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3b0": "99", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7dd": "Fresno is the largest U.S. city not directly linked to an Interstate highway.", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7de": "1950s, the decision was made to build what is now Interstate 5", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7df": "99", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7e0": "5", "5725ff8238643c19005acf49": "Amtrak San Joaquins", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4a": "recently renovated historic Santa Fe Railroad Depot in Downtown Fresno", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4b": "Amtrak San Joaquins", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4c": "Amtrak San Joaquins", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4d": "Fresno", "5725d34089a1e219009abf50": "Donald Davies", "5725d34089a1e219009abf51": "bandwidth", "5725d34089a1e219009abf52": "Donald Davies", "5725d34089a1e219009abf53": "bandwidth", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc2f": "bandwidth", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc30": "Donald Davies", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc31": "Donald Davies", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf78": "dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session, each having a constant bit rate and latency between nodes.", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf79": "fee", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf7a": "dedicated network bandwidth", "572634a789a1e219009ac56c": "dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session, each having a constant bit rate and latency between nodes.", "572634a789a1e219009ac56d": "fee", "572634a789a1e219009ac56e": "Packet switching contrasts with another principal networking paradigm, circuit switching, a method which pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth", "572634a789a1e219009ac56f": "fee", "5726219489a1e219009ac2ce": "intermediate forwarding nodes (packet switches or routers). Packets are normally forwarded by intermediate network nodes", "5726219489a1e219009ac2cf": "intermediate network nodes", "5726219489a1e219009ac2d0": "multiple access scheme", "5726356938643c19005ad2ff": "intermediate forwarding nodes (packet switches or routers). Packets are normally forwarded by intermediate network nodes", "5726356938643c19005ad300": "intermediate network nodes", "5726356938643c19005ad301": "multiple access scheme", "5726249538643c19005ad07f": "the RAND Corporation for the US Air Force into survivable communications networks", "5726249538643c19005ad080": "an", "5726249538643c19005ad081": "Baran", "5726249538643c19005ad082": "an", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4a": "an", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4c": "an", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc49": "his research at the RAND Corporation for the US Air Force into survivable communications networks", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4b": "an developed the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching", "572629c6271a42140099d6a3": "the National Physical Laboratory, UK, independently developed the same message routing methodology as developed by Baran", "572629c6271a42140099d6a4": "Donald Davies at the National Physical Laboratory, UK, independently developed the same message routing methodology as developed by Baran", "572629c6271a42140099d6a5": "Donald Davies at the National Physical Laboratory, UK, independently developed the same message routing methodology as developed by Baran", "572629c6271a42140099d6a6": "Donald Davies", "5726378238643c19005ad313": "Donald Davies", "5726378238643c19005ad314": "Donald Davies at the National Physical Laboratory, UK, independently developed the same message routing methodology as developed by Baran", "5726378238643c19005ad315": "Donald Davies", "5726385e271a42140099d797": "dedicated", "5726385e271a42140099d798": "connectionless mode each packet includes complete addressing information. The packets are routed individually, sometimes resulting in different paths and out-of-order delivery.", "5726385e271a42140099d799": "connectionless mode each packet includes complete addressing information. The packets are routed individually, sometimes resulting in different paths and out-of-order delivery.", "5726385e271a42140099d79a": "connectionless mode each packet includes complete addressing information. The packets are routed individually, sometimes resulting in different paths and out-of-order delivery.", "5726398589a1e219009ac58b": "Connection-oriented transmission requires a setup phase in each involved node before any packet is transferred to establish the parameters of communication.", "5726398589a1e219009ac58a": "Connection-oriented transmission requires a setup phase in each involved node before any packet is transferred to establish the parameters of communication.", "5726398589a1e219009ac589": "The packets include a connection identifier rather than address information", "5726398589a1e219009ac588": "a setup phase in each involved node before any packet is transferred to establish the parameters of communication.", "57263b1638643c19005ad333": "two", "57263b1638643c19005ad335": "two", "57263b1638643c19005ad334": "two", "57263b1638643c19005ad336": "two", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7b": "1969.", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7c": "1969. Before the introduction of X.25 in 1973", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7d": "1969.", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7e": "1973", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8d": "1985", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8e": "1985", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8f": "1985", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc90": "AppleTalk was a proprietary suite of networking protocols developed by Apple Inc. in 1985", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a2": "Louis Pouzin. First demonstrated in 1973", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a3": "Louis Pouzin. First demonstrated in 1973", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a4": "Louis Pouzin. First demonstrated in 1973", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a5": "Louis Pouzin. First demonstrated in 1973", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c3": "Digital Equipment Corporation, originally released in 1975", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c4": "1975", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c5": "Digital Equipment Corporation, originally released in 1975", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c6": "1975", "57263fd138643c19005ad37b": "four", "57263fd138643c19005ad37c": "1965", "57263fd138643c19005ad37d": "Warner Sinback", "57263fd138643c19005ad37e": "four", "5726414e271a42140099d7e5": "1966", "5726414e271a42140099d7e6": "1966", "5726414e271a42140099d7e7": "1966", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf5": "Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf6": "Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf7": "Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf8": "Larry Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf9": "Larry Roberts", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd13": "virtual call packet switched technology", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd14": "virtual call packet switched technology", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd15": "virtual call packet switched technology", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd16": "Tymnet was an international data communications network headquartered in San Jose, CA that utilized virtual call packet switched technology", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd17": "Tymnet was an international data communications network headquartered in San Jose, CA that utilized virtual call packet switched technology", "572643de5951261400b5195a": "Some older networks such as TELENET and TYMNET were modified to provide a X.25 host interface in addition to older host connection schemes.", "572643de5951261400b5195b": "DATA", "572643de5951261400b5195c": "Some older networks such as TELENET and TYMNET were modified to provide a X.25 host interface in addition to older host connection schemes.", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404d": "Telecom Australia", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404e": "Telecom Australia", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404f": "Telstra", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac6": "Dutch PTT Telecom (now known as KPN).", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac7": "the Dutch PTT Telecom (now known as KPN).", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac8": "Dutch PTT Telecom (now known as KPN).", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac9": "Dutch PTT Telecom (now known as KPN).", "5726462b708984140094c117": "1981", "5726462b708984140094c118": "1981", "5726462b708984140094c119": "1981", "5726472bdd62a815002e8042": "Level 3 Communications", "5726472bdd62a815002e8043": "Level 3 Communications", "5726472bdd62a815002e8044": "Level 3 Communications", "5726472bdd62a815002e8045": "Level 3 Communications", "5726472bdd62a815002e8046": "Level 3 Communications", "572647e2dd62a815002e805c": "1985", "572647e2dd62a815002e805d": "1985", "572647e2dd62a815002e805e": "the National Science Foundation (NSF) beginning in 1985", "572648d1708984140094c15d": "MCI", "572648d1708984140094c15e": "MCI", "572648d1708984140094c15f": "MCI Telecommunications", "572648d1708984140094c160": "MCI Telecommunications", "572648d1708984140094c161": "MCI Telecommunications", "57264684708984140094c123": "arid", "57264684708984140094c124": "arid", "57264684708984140094c125": "arid", "57264684708984140094c126": "arid", "57264684708984140094c127": "Black Death is thought to have originated in the arid", "572647935951b619008f6ec9": "Yersinia pestis", "572647935951b619008f6eca": "Yersinia pestis", "572647935951b619008f6ecb": "Yersinia pestis", "572647935951b619008f6ecc": "Yersinia pestis", "572647935951b619008f6ecd": "Yersinia pestis", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0a": "oese", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0b": "Plague was reportedly first introduced to Europe via Genoese traders", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0c": "Plague was reportedly first introduced to Europe via Genoese traders", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0d": "Sicily", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0e": "Sicily", "572648ed5951b619008f6f03": "Norway", "572648ed5951b619008f6f04": "Norway", "572648ed5951b619008f6f05": "Norway in 1349 when a ship landed at Ask\u00f8y", "572648ed5951b619008f6f06": "Norway", "572648ed5951b619008f6f07": "Ask\u00f8y", "57264991f1498d1400e8db2e": "Antioch", "57264991f1498d1400e8db2f": "autumn 1347", "57264991f1498d1400e8db30": "autumn 1347", "57264991f1498d1400e8db31": "autumn", "57264a74708984140094c18b": "1908", "57264a74708984140094c18c": "1908", "57264a74708984140094c18d": "1908", "57264a74708984140094c18e": "1908", "57264a74708984140094c18f": "Black", "57264b3edd62a815002e80aa": "bad air", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ab": "bad air", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ac": "bad air", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ad": "bad air", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c6": "1865", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c7": "Yersinia pestis", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c8": "Y. pestis was usually transmitted was established in 1898 by Paul-Louis Simond", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c9": "Y. pestis was usually transmitted was established in 1898 by Paul-Louis Simond", "57264c42dd62a815002e80ca": "Yersinia pestis", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e4": "Francis Aidan Gasquet", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e5": "1893", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e6": "1908", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e7": "1893", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e8": "1893", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7a": "headaches, painful aching joints, nausea and vomiting, and a general feeling of malaise.", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7b": "headaches, painful aching joints, nausea and vomiting, and a general feeling of malaise.", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7c": "Left untreated, of those that contract the bubonic plague", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7d": "headaches, painful aching joints, nausea and vomiting, and a general feeling of malaise.", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7e": "bubonic plague", "57264e2f708984140094c1e1": "multinational team who undertook a new investigation into the role of Yersinia pestis", "57264e2f708984140094c1e2": "multinational team who undertook a new investigation into the role of Yersinia pestis", "57264e2f708984140094c1e3": "Drancourt and Raoult in 1998", "57264e2f708984140094c1e4": "Yersinia pestis", "57264e2f708984140094c1e5": "Yersinia pestis", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbae": "two previously unknown but related clades (genetic branches) of the Y. pestis", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbaf": "two previously unknown but related clades (genetic branches) of the Y. pestis", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb0": "two previously unknown but related clades (genetic branches) of the Y. pestis", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb1": "two previously unknown but related clades (genetic branches) of the Y. pestis", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb2": "plague pit remains from the Dutch town of Bergen op Zoom showed the Y. pestis", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa1": "Schuenemann et al. concluded in 2011 \"that the Black Death in medieval Europe was caused by a variant of Y. pestis", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa2": "Schuenemann et al. concluded in 2011 \"that the Black Death in medieval Europe was caused by a variant of Y. pestis", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa3": "Schuenemann et al. concluded in 2011 \"that the Black Death in medieval Europe was caused by a variant of Y. pestis", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa4": "plague", "5726509bdd62a815002e815a": "1970", "5726509bdd62a815002e815b": "1970", "5726509bdd62a815002e815c": "1970", "5726509bdd62a815002e815d": "zoologist Graham Twigg produced the first major work to challenge the bubonic plague", "5726509bdd62a815002e815e": "1984", "5726516a708984140094c223": "plague", "5726516a708984140094c224": "work has been done on the spread of the plague", "5726516a708984140094c225": "work has been done on the spread of the plague", "5726516a708984140094c226": "clergy", "5726516a708984140094c227": "plague", "57265285708984140094c25b": "rats", "57265285708984140094c25c": "goods", "57265285708984140094c25d": "rats", "57265285708984140094c25e": "rats", "57265285708984140094c25f": "rats", "5726534d708984140094c26d": "2001", "5726534d708984140094c26e": "2001", "5726534d708984140094c26f": "Twigg suggested that the cause was a form of anthrax, and Norman Cantor (2001", "5726534d708984140094c270": "2001", "5726534d708984140094c271": "Twigg suggested that the cause was a form of anthrax, and Norman Cantor (2001", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc28": "Black Death", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc29": "Black Death", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2a": "Black Death", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2b": "Black Death", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2c": "Black Death", "572654e2708984140094c2b7": "Biraben, the plague", "572654e2708984140094c2b8": "Geoffrey Parker, \"France alone lost almost a million people to the plague", "572654e2708984140094c2b9": "1628", "5726559edd62a815002e81c8": "Black Death", "5726559edd62a815002e81c9": "7 million to as low as 4 million in 1300, and a postincident population figure as low as 2 million.", "5726559edd62a815002e81ca": "Black Death", "5726559edd62a815002e81cb": "Black Death", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc68": "Black Death", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc69": "The Black Death", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6b": "Plague", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6c": "Black Death", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6a": "Black Death", "57265700dd62a815002e820e": "Seville", "57265700dd62a815002e820f": "Seville", "57265700dd62a815002e8210": "plague", "57265700dd62a815002e8211": "Seville", "57265700dd62a815002e8212": "1720 in Marseille", "5726577f708984140094c301": "Plague", "5726577f708984140094c302": "Plague", "5726577f708984140094c303": "Plague", "5726577f708984140094c304": "Plague", "572657d9dd62a815002e8230": "melt (magma and/or lava", "572657d9dd62a815002e8231": "The rock cycle is an important concept in geology which illustrates the relationships between these three types of rock, and magma.", "572657d9dd62a815002e8232": "The rock cycle is an important concept in geology which illustrates the relationships between these three types of rock, and magma.", "572657d9dd62a815002e8233": "The rock cycle is an important concept in geology which illustrates the relationships between these three types of rock, and magma.", "572657d9dd62a815002e8234": "The rock cycle is an important concept in geology which illustrates the relationships between these three types of rock, and magma.", "57265d08708984140094c397": "discoveries", "57265d08708984140094c398": "discoveries", "57265d08708984140094c399": "discoveries", "57265d08708984140094c39a": "1960s, a series of discoveries", "57265d08708984140094c39b": "seafloor spreading", "57265f605951b619008f70db": "Mid-ocean ridges", "57265f605951b619008f70dc": "The development of plate tectonics", "57265f605951b619008f70dd": "Transform boundaries, such as the San Andreas fault system", "57265f605951b619008f70de": "The development of plate tectonics", "57265f605951b619008f70df": "Mid-ocean ridges", "57266193dd62a815002e832a": "seismic waves in reverse to image the interior of the Earth.", "57266193dd62a815002e832b": "seismic waves in reverse to image the interior of the Earth.", "57266193dd62a815002e832d": "liquid outer core (where shear waves", "57266193dd62a815002e832e": "seismic", "57266193dd62a815002e832c": "liquid outer core (where shear waves", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf2": "second", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf4": "fourth", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf5": "second", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf6": "second", "572665ff708984140094c4c3": "The principle of cross-cutting relationships pertains to the formation of faults", "572665ff708984140094c4c4": "formations", "572665ff708984140094c4c5": "Finding the key bed", "572665ff708984140094c4c6": "formations", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de90": "gravel from an older formation to be ripped up and included in a newer layer. A similar situation with igneous rocks", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de91": "gravel from an older formation to be ripped up and included in a newer layer. A similar situation with igneous rocks", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de92": "gravel", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de93": "gravel", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de94": "gravel", "572669a9dd62a815002e8416": "fossils", "572669a9dd62a815002e8417": "succession", "572669a9dd62a815002e8418": "fossils", "572669a9dd62a815002e8419": "fossils", "572669a9dd62a815002e841a": "fossils", "57266c015951b619008f7237": "radioactive isotopes and other methods", "57266c015951b619008f7238": "fossils", "57266c015951b619008f7239": "absolute ages to rock units", "57266c015951b619008f723a": "fossils and stratigraphic correlation to date sections of rock relative to one another. With isotopic dates", "57266c015951b619008f723b": "absolute ages to rock units", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8c": "temperature", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8d": "different radiometric isotopes", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8e": "different radiometric isotopes stop diffusing into and out of the crystal lattice", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8f": "radioactive isotope", "5726701add62a815002e84c8": "horizontal compression", "5726701add62a815002e84c9": "horizontal compression, they shorten and become thicker. Because rock units, other than muds, do not significantly change in volume", "5726701add62a815002e84ca": "horizontal compression", "5726701add62a815002e84cb": "horizontal compression", "5726701add62a815002e84cc": "horizontal compression", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe4": "Extension", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe5": "boudins", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe6": "Extension", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe7": "normal faulting", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe8": "Stretching of units", "572673f5708984140094c69b": "hillslopes", "572673f5708984140094c69c": "Continual motion along the fault maintains the topographic gradient in spite of the movement of sediment", "572673f5708984140094c69d": "hillslopes", "572673f5708984140094c69e": "Continual motion along the fault maintains the topographic gradient in spite of the movement of sediment", "572673f5708984140094c69f": "Continual motion along the fault maintains the topographic gradient in spite of the movement of sediment", "57267640f1498d1400e8e074": "single environment, and do not necessarily occur in a single order.", "57267640f1498d1400e8e075": "single environment, and do not necessarily occur in a single order.", "57267640f1498d1400e8e076": "single environment, and do not necessarily occur in a single order.", "57267640f1498d1400e8e077": "single environment, and do not necessarily occur in a single order.", "57267640f1498d1400e8e078": "single environment, and do not necessarily occur in a single order.", "572677e7708984140094c723": "field, laboratory, and numerical modeling methods to decipher Earth history and understand the processes that occur on and inside the Earth.", "572677e7708984140094c724": "petrology (the study of rocks), stratigraphy (the study of sedimentary layers", "572677e7708984140094c725": "field, laboratory, and numerical modeling methods to decipher Earth history and understand the processes that occur on and inside the Earth.", "572677e7708984140094c726": "field, laboratory, and numerical modeling methods to decipher Earth history and understand the processes that occur on and inside the Earth.", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ec": "optical microscopy and by using an electron microprobe", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ed": "a conoscopic lens", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ee": "identifying rocks in the field, petrologists identify rock samples in the laboratory.", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ef": "identifying rocks in the field, petrologists identify rock samples in the laboratory.", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0f0": "optical microscopy and by using an electron microprobe", "57267b3c5951b619008f7423": "fluid inclusion data and perform high temperature and pressure physical experiments", "57267b3c5951b619008f7424": "fluid inclusion data and perform high temperature and pressure physical experiments", "57267b3c5951b619008f7425": "fluid inclusion data and perform high temperature and pressure physical experiments", "57267d52708984140094c7d9": "microscopic", "57267d52708984140094c7da": "folds", "57267d52708984140094c7db": "measurements of geological structures", "57267d52708984140094c7dc": "folds", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872c": "horizontal layers of sand", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872d": "wedge", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872e": "sand", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872f": "horizontal layers of sand", "57267ebfdd62a815002e8730": "sand", "57268066708984140094c821": "geophysical surveys that show the locations of stratigraphic units", "57268066708984140094c822": "geophysical surveys that show the locations of stratigraphic units", "57268066708984140094c823": "drill cores. Stratigraphers also analyze data from geophysical surveys", "57268066708984140094c824": "drill cores. Stratigraphers also analyze data from geophysical surveys that show the locations of stratigraphic units", "57268066708984140094c825": "drill cores. Stratigraphers also analyze data from geophysical surveys that show the locations of stratigraphic units", "57268220f1498d1400e8e218": "Geochronologists precisely date rocks within the stratigraphic section", "57268220f1498d1400e8e216": "biostratigraphers analyze rock samples from outcrop and drill cores", "57268220f1498d1400e8e219": "magnetic reversals in igneous rock units", "57268220f1498d1400e8e217": "Geochronologists precisely date rocks within the stratigraphic section", "572683f95951b619008f7525": "earthquakes", "572683f95951b619008f7526": "Garrison", "572683f95951b619008f7527": "lt", "572683f95951b619008f7528": "detailed explanations for the formation of mountains, the origin of earthquakes", "572683f95951b619008f7529": "lt", "57268527708984140094c8bf": "1785", "57268527708984140094c8c0": "1795", "57268527708984140094c8c1": "1795", "57268527708984140094c8c2": "1785", "572686ac5951b619008f75a9": "1809", "572686ac5951b619008f75aa": "1809", "572686ac5951b619008f75ab": "1809", "572686ac5951b619008f75ad": "Society", "572686ac5951b619008f75ac": "1807", "57268882f1498d1400e8e306": "1830", "57268882f1498d1400e8e307": "1830", "57268882f1498d1400e8e308": "slow geological processes", "57268882f1498d1400e8e309": "1830", "57268882f1498d1400e8e30a": "Sir Charles Lyell first published his famous book, Principles of Geology, in 1830", "5726642f5951b619008f7157": "Northumberland", "5726642f5951b619008f7158": "103 miles (166 km) south of Edinburgh", "5726642f5951b619008f7159": "Northumberland", "5726642f5951b619008f715a": "Northumberland", "5726642f5951b619008f715b": "Northumberland", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de30": "wool trade", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de31": "wool trade", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de32": "wool trade", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de33": "wool trade", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de34": "wool trade", "5726660d5951b619008f71b1": "Pons Aelius", "5726660d5951b619008f71b2": "Tyne", "5726660d5951b619008f71b3": "Tyne", "5726660d5951b619008f71b4": "Pons Aelius", "5726660d5951b619008f71b5": "Pictish tribes", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b4": "A 25-foot (7.6 m) high stone wall was built around the town in the 13th century, to defend it from invaders", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b5": "Elizabeth in 1589.", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b6": "A 25-foot (7.6 m) high stone wall was built around the town in the 13th century, to defend it from invaders", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b7": "Newcastle was successfully defended against the Scots", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b8": "A 25-foot (7.6 m) high stone wall was built around the town in the 13th century, to defend it from invaders", "57266783f1498d1400e8de86": "coal", "57266783f1498d1400e8de87": "the Hostmen", "57266783f1498d1400e8de88": "pointless", "57266783f1498d1400e8de89": "a royal act restricted all shipments of coal", "57266783f1498d1400e8de8a": "a royal act restricted all shipments of coal", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def6": "plague", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def7": "plague", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def8": "keelmen", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def9": "keelmen", "57266a15f1498d1400e8defa": "plague", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8434": "gain Newcastle and the Tyne, Cromwell's allies, the Scots", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8435": "Scots", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8436": "allies", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8437": "brave defence", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8438": "Scots", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df53": "the Maling company", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df54": "the Maling company", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df55": "1817 the Maling company", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df52": "1817 the Maling company", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df56": "the Maling company", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df78": "Narrow", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df79": "Narrow", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7a": "Narrow", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7b": "Narrow", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7c": "Narrow", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a0": "Grey Street as one of the finest streets in England. The street curves down from Grey's Monument towards the valley of the River Tyne", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a1": "Richard Grainger and John Dobson, and recently extensively restored.", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a2": "Grey Street as one of the finest streets in England.", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a3": "Richard Grainger and John Dobson, and recently extensively restored.", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a4": "Grey Street as one of the finest streets in England. The street curves down from Grey's Monument towards the valley of the River Tyne", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa4": "Moor", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa5": "freemen of the city have the right to graze cattle on it.", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa7": "The Hoppings funfair", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa8": "The Hoppings funfair, said to be the largest travelling funfair in Europe, is held here annually in June", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa6": "the Town Moor", "57267076708984140094c601": "BALTIC Centre for Contemporary Art, the venue for the Turner Prize 2011 and the Norman Foster-designed The Sage Gateshead music centre.", "57267076708984140094c602": "BALTIC Centre for Contemporary Art", "57267076708984140094c603": "Norman Foster-designed The Sage Gateshead music centre", "57267076708984140094c604": "NewcastleGateshead", "57267076708984140094c605": "BALTIC Centre for Contemporary Art, the venue for the Turner Prize 2011 and the Norman Foster-designed The Sage Gateshead music centre.", "572671165951b619008f72b7": "Richard Grainger", "572671165951b619008f72b8": "Richard Grainger", "572671165951b619008f72b9": "four stories high, with vertical dormers, domes, turrets and spikes", "572671165951b619008f72ba": "Richard Grainger", "572671e55951b619008f72d7": "the Butcher Market. The Grainger Market itself, was opened in 1835", "572671e55951b619008f72d8": "1835", "572671e55951b619008f72d9": "2000 guests", "572671e55951b619008f72da": "1835", "572671e55951b619008f72db": "Grainger Market architecture, like most in Grainger Town, which are either grade I or II listed, was listed grade I", "57267383dd62a815002e8552": "warming influence of the Gulf Stream", "57267383dd62a815002e8553": "warming influence of the Gulf Stream (via the North Atlantic Drift", "57267383dd62a815002e8554": "rain shadow", "57267383dd62a815002e8555": "warming influence of the Gulf Stream", "57267383dd62a815002e8556": "mild", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03a": "the retail centre expenditure league of the UK.", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03b": "ninth in the retail centre expenditure league of the UK.", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03c": "ninth in the retail centre expenditure league of the UK.", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03d": "ninth in the retail centre expenditure league of the UK.", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03e": "ninth in the retail centre expenditure league of the UK.", "5726769c708984140094c711": "Gosforth", "5726769c708984140094c712": "suburban shopping areas are Gosforth and Byker", "5726769c708984140094c713": "Newcastle", "5726769c708984140094c714": "Gosforth", "5726769c708984140094c715": "Gosforth", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ac": "terraces", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ad": "terraces", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ae": "terraces", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0af": "Can", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0b0": "common areas", "572678c0dd62a815002e863e": "converted or shared houses", "572678c0dd62a815002e863f": "five", "572678c0dd62a815002e8640": "five", "572678c0dd62a815002e8641": "five", "572678c0dd62a815002e8642": "detached homes", "572679c35951b619008f73db": "282,442", "572679c35951b619008f73dc": "189,863, whereas the metropolitan borough of Newcastle had a population of around 259,000. Newcastle has a population of 282,442", "572679c35951b619008f73dd": "189,863, whereas the metropolitan borough of Newcastle had a population of around 259,000. Newcastle has a population of 282,442", "572679c35951b619008f73de": "189,863, whereas the metropolitan borough of Newcastle had a population of around 259,000. Newcastle has a population of 282,442", "572679c35951b619008f73df": "189,863, whereas the metropolitan borough of Newcastle had a population of around 259,000. Newcastle has a population of 282,442", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e122": "Border", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e123": "Border", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e124": "Border Reiver", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e125": "Border", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e126": "Border", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a6": "large amount of vocabulary and distinctive word pronunciations not used in other parts of the United Kingdom.", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a7": "populations who migrated to and conquered much of England after the end of Roman Imperial rule", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a8": "large amount of vocabulary and distinctive word pronunciations not used in other parts of the United Kingdom.", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a9": "Geordie, and contains a large amount of vocabulary and distinctive word pronunciations not used in other parts of the United Kingdom.", "57267b65dd62a815002e86aa": "Geordie, and contains a large amount of vocabulary and distinctive word pronunciations not used in other parts of the United Kingdom.", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d6": "barn and hjem are the corresponding modern Norwegian and Danish words.", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d7": "barn and hjem are the corresponding modern Norwegian and Danish words.", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d8": "barn and hjem are the corresponding modern Norwegian and Danish words.", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d9": "barn and hjem are the corresponding modern Norwegian and Danish words.", "57267c63dd62a815002e86da": "barn and hjem are the corresponding modern Norwegian and Danish words.", "57267ce7708984140094c7c9": "80.4 decibels", "57267ce7708984140094c7ca": "80.4 decibels", "57267ce7708984140094c7cb": "80.4 decibels", "57267ce7708984140094c7cc": "2007", "57267ce7708984140094c7cd": "80.4 decibels", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e194": "Collingwood", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e195": "Collingwood", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e196": "Collingwood", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e197": "Collingwood", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e198": "Collingwood", "57267f695951b619008f74bd": "Stephen Kemble", "57267f695951b619008f74be": "Stephen Kemble", "57267f695951b619008f74bf": "Newcastle", "57267f695951b619008f74c0": "Stephen Kemble", "57267f695951b619008f74c1": "Stephen Kemble of the famous Kemble family successfully managed the original Theatre Royal, Newcastle", "5726800add62a815002e8750": "1837", "5726800add62a815002e8751": "Grey Street, first opened in 1837", "5726800add62a815002e8752": "1837", "5726800add62a815002e8753": "1837", "5726800add62a815002e8754": "1837", "572680865951b619008f74e7": "Lit and Phil premises were built in 1825", "572680865951b619008f74e8": "Lit and Phil premises were built in 1825", "572680865951b619008f74e9": "Lit and Phil premises were built in 1825", "572680865951b619008f74ea": "Joseph Swan", "572680865951b619008f74eb": "Joseph Swan", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fa": "Beer Festival, organized by CAMRA, takes place in April.", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fb": "Newcastle Beer Festival, organized by CAMRA", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fc": "Newcastle Beer Festival, organized by CAMRA", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fd": "Newcastle Beer Festival, organized by CAMRA", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fe": "Newcastle Beer Festival, organized by CAMRA", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23c": "Newcastle Town Moor every June.", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23d": "Newcastle Town Moor every June.", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23e": "Temperance Movement", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23f": "Newcastle Town Moor every June.", "57268341f1498d1400e8e240": "The Hoppings, reputedly the largest travelling fair in Europe, takes place on Newcastle Town Moor every June.", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24c": "Fair", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24e": "NewcastleGateshead also holds an annual International Arts Fair", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24f": "Punjabi, Pakistani, Bengali and Hindu cultures. NewcastleGateshead also holds an annual International Arts Fair", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e250": "Newcastle Mela, held on the late August bank holiday weekend", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24d": "NewcastleGateshead also holds an annual International Arts Fair", "5726847f708984140094c8ab": "Venom", "5726847f708984140094c8ac": "Venom", "5726847f708984140094c8ad": "Venom", "5726847f708984140094c8ae": "Venom", "5726847f708984140094c8af": "Venom", "57268525dd62a815002e8806": "2006 and May 2008; during the refurbishment works, the cinema relocated to the Old Town Hall, Gateshead", "57268525dd62a815002e8807": "Pilgrim Street", "57268525dd62a815002e8808": "three", "57268525dd62a815002e8809": "Pilgrim Street", "57268525dd62a815002e880a": "Pilgrim Street", "57268692dd62a815002e8826": "Antiquities", "57268692dd62a815002e8827": "Antiquities", "57268692dd62a815002e8828": "Antiquities", "57268692dd62a815002e8829": "Antiquities", "57268692dd62a815002e882a": "Seven Stories", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e2": "1939", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e3": "1939", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e4": "1939", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e5": "1939", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e6": "Mike Figgis", "572687e1dd62a815002e8852": "Gosforth Park. The city is also home to the Newcastle Eagles", "572687e1dd62a815002e8853": "Eagles", "572687e1dd62a815002e8854": "Eagles", "572687e1dd62a815002e8855": "Eagles", "572687e1dd62a815002e8856": "Eagles", "57268885dd62a815002e886a": "Metro Light Rail system and a journey into Newcastle city centre takes approximately 20 minutes.", "57268885dd62a815002e886b": "Metro Light Rail system", "57268885dd62a815002e886c": "Metro Light Rail system and a journey into Newcastle city centre takes approximately 20 minutes.", "57268885dd62a815002e886d": "five million", "57268885dd62a815002e886e": "Metro Light Rail system and a journey into Newcastle city centre takes approximately 20 minutes.", "572689385951b619008f761b": "Dobson", "572689385951b619008f761c": "six", "572689385951b619008f761d": "1850", "572689385951b619008f761e": "Dobson", "572689385951b619008f761f": "Manors", "572689b6dd62a815002e8890": "Edinburgh", "572689b6dd62a815002e8891": "Virgin", "572689b6dd62a815002e8892": "Edinburgh", "572689b6dd62a815002e8893": "CrossCountry", "572689b6dd62a815002e8894": "Edinburgh", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88ce": "1980", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88cf": "five phases between 1980", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d0": "1980", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d1": "1980", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d2": "1980", "57268bb25951b619008f7645": "Metro: All Change.' The programme has replaced all ticket machines", "57268bb25951b619008f7646": "replaced all ticket machines", "57268bb25951b619008f7647": "Metro: All Change.' The programme has replaced all ticket machines", "57268bb25951b619008f7648": "refurbishment", "57268bb25951b619008f7649": "Metro: All Change.' The programme has replaced all ticket machines", "57268d1b708984140094c9cd": "Carlisle", "57268d1b708984140094c9ce": "A69", "57268d1b708984140094c9cf": "Carlisle", "57268d1b708984140094c9d0": "Carlisle", "57268d1b708984140094c9d1": "Carlisle", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e6": "Nexus", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e7": "Nexus", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e8": "Nexus", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e9": "Nexus", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3ea": "Nexus", "57269120708984140094ca59": "1998", "57269120708984140094ca5a": "1998", "57269120708984140094ca5b": "1998.", "57269120708984140094ca5c": "1998", "57269120708984140094ca5d": "1998", "5726934f5951b619008f771d": "fuel", "5726934f5951b619008f771e": "Gothenburg, Sweden, ceased at the end of October 2006 \u2013 the company cited high fuel", "5726934f5951b619008f771f": "fuel", "5726934f5951b619008f7720": "fuel", "5726934f5951b619008f7721": "fuel", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4e": "eleven LEA-funded 11 to 18 schools and seven independent schools with sixth forms in Newcastle.", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4f": "LEA-funded 11 to 18 schools and seven independent schools with sixth forms in Newcastle.", "57269526dd62a815002e8a50": "the Royal Grammar School", "57269526dd62a815002e8a51": "eleven LEA-funded 11 to 18 schools and seven independent schools with sixth forms in Newcastle.", "57269526dd62a815002e8a52": "eleven LEA-funded 11 to 18 schools and seven independent schools with sixth forms in Newcastle.", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6c": "two universities \u2014 Newcastle University and Northumbria University.", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6d": "1834", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6e": "The city has two universities \u2014 Newcastle University and Northumbria University.", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6f": "the School of Medicine and Surgery, established in 1834", "57269698dd62a815002e8a70": "the School of Medicine and Surgery, established in 1834", "572699b55951b619008f778f": "St Mary's became a cathedral in 1850 and St Nicholas' in 1882.", "572699b55951b619008f7790": "Newcastle has three cathedrals, the Anglican St. Nicholas, with its elegant lantern tower of 1474", "572699b55951b619008f7791": "St Mary's became a cathedral in 1850 and St Nicholas' in 1882.", "572699b55951b619008f7792": "St Mary's became a cathedral in 1850 and St Nicholas' in 1882.", "572699b55951b619008f7793": "three", "57269b165951b619008f77b3": "porch", "57269b165951b619008f77b4": "porch", "57269b165951b619008f77b5": "main porch", "57269b165951b619008f77b6": "porch", "57269b165951b619008f77b7": "Scots", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ca": "City Road", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cb": "City Road for over 40 years after its launch in January 1959.", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cc": "studio 5", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cd": "City Road for over 40 years after its launch in January 1959.", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ce": "City Road for over 40 years after its launch in January 1959.", "57269d745951b619008f77d7": "Student Radio is run by students from both of the city's universities, broadcasting from Newcastle University's student's union building during term time.", "57269d745951b619008f77d8": "students from both of the city's universities, broadcasting from Newcastle University's student's union building during term time.", "57269d745951b619008f77d9": "1951", "57269d745951b619008f77da": "the Great North Children's Hospital", "57269d745951b619008f77db": "NE1fm launched on 8 June 2007, the first full-time community radio station in the area.", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e520": "concertos in the 18th century, was born in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1709 and died there in 1770.", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e521": "Charles Avison", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e522": "Charles Avison", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e523": "concerto", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e524": "Charles Avison", "57269fab5951b619008f7807": "Rutherford Grammar School", "57269fab5951b619008f7808": "Newcastle. Hank Marvin and Bruce Welch were both former pupils of Rutherford Grammar School, actors Charlie Hunnam and James Scott, entertainers Ant and Dec", "57269fab5951b619008f7809": "Nobel Prize winning physicist Peter Higgs, and former WWE NXT champion Neville were born in the city.", "57269fab5951b619008f780a": "Eric Burdon", "57269fab5951b619008f780b": "WWE NXT champion Neville were born in the city.", "5726710b708984140094c61d": "1852", "5726710b708984140094c61e": "1852", "5726710b708984140094c61f": "1852", "5726710b708984140094c620": "1852", "572680ac708984140094c83d": "1852", "572680ac708984140094c83e": "1852", "572680ac708984140094c83f": "1852", "572680ac708984140094c840": "the Department", "572680ac708984140094c841": "1852", "57268294708984140094c877": "12.5 acres (51,000 m2", "57268294708984140094c878": "12.5 acres (51,000 m2", "57268294708984140094c879": "5", "57268294708984140094c87a": "The museum owns the world's largest collection of post-classical sculpture", "57268294708984140094c87b": "sculpture", "572685cd5951b619008f7573": "1851, with which Henry Cole, the museum's first director, was involved in planning; initially it was known as the Museum of Manufactures", "572685cd5951b619008f7574": "Manufactures", "572685cd5951b619008f7575": "Manufactures", "572685cd5951b619008f7576": "Manufactures", "572685cd5951b619008f7577": "Manufactures", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e378": "gas lighting", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e379": "late night", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37a": "gas lighting. This was to enable in the words of Cole", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37b": "gas", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37c": "gas lighting. This was to enable in the words of Cole", "57268f2c708984140094ca25": "the Britain Can Make It exhibition", "57268f2c708984140094ca26": "the Britain Can Make It exhibition", "57268f2c708984140094ca27": "the Council of Industrial Design", "57268f2c708984140094ca28": "the Britain Can Make It exhibition", "57268f2c708984140094ca29": "1948", "572691d7708984140094ca6d": "Roy Strong", "572691d7708984140094ca6e": "Roy Strong", "572691d7708984140094ca6f": "Roy Strong", "572691d7708984140094ca70": "Roy Strong", "57269656708984140094cafd": "\u00a343 million", "57269656708984140094cafe": "Dundee, University of Abertay, Dundee City Council and the Scottish Government with a view to opening a new \u00a343 million", "57269656708984140094caff": "University of Dundee, University of Abertay, Dundee City Council and the Scottish Government with a view to opening a new \u00a343 million", "57269656708984140094cb00": "waterfront", "57269656708984140094cb01": "waterfront", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a98": "1852", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a99": "Secretariat Wing", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9a": "Secretariat Wing", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9b": "1852", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9c": "1852", "57269c06708984140094cba1": "Leighton", "57269c06708984140094cba2": "Lord Leighton", "57269c06708984140094cba3": "Leighton", "57269c06708984140094cba4": "Lord Leighton", "57269c06708984140094cba5": "Lord Leighton", "57269d68708984140094cbd7": "Centre Refreshment Room 1865\u201377 was designed in a Renaissance style by James Gamble", "57269d68708984140094cbd8": "Centre Refreshment Room 1865\u201377 was designed in a Renaissance style by James Gamble", "57269d68708984140094cbd9": "Gamble", "57269d68708984140094cbda": "1865\u201377 was designed in a Renaissance style by James Gamble", "57269d68708984140094cbdb": "Centre Refreshment Room 1865\u201377 was designed in a Renaissance style by James Gamble", "5726a0205951b619008f781b": "Colonel (later Major General) Henry Young", "5726a0205951b619008f781c": "Captain Francis Fowke, Royal Engineers the next architect to work at the museum was Colonel (later Major General) Henry Young", "5726a0205951b619008f781d": "five", "5726a0205951b619008f781e": "Young", "5726a0205951b619008f781f": "Captain Francis Fowke, Royal Engineers the next architect to work at the museum was Colonel (later Major General) Henry Young", "5726a2445951b619008f7861": "F. W. Moody", "5726a2445951b619008f7862": "F. W. Moody", "5726a2445951b619008f7863": "F. W. Moody", "5726a2445951b619008f7864": "Godfrey Sykes", "5726a2445951b619008f7865": "Godfrey Sykes", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5fe": "red brick and Portland stone, stretches 720 feet (220 m) along Cromwell Gardens and was designed by Aston Webb", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5ff": "red", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e600": "red brick and Portland stone, stretches 720 feet (220 m) along Cromwell Gardens and was designed by Aston Webb", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e601": "red", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e602": "red", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4b": "Alfred Drury", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4c": "marble", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4d": "marble", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4e": "marble", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4f": "marble", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9e": "Cole", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9f": "Henry Cole wing", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca0": "books", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca1": "books", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca2": "books", "5726afeb708984140094cdd7": "ceramic decoration replaced and the elaborate painted designs restored on the ceiling.", "5726afeb708984140094cdd8": "Central Hall Shop, Islamic Middle East, the new caf\u00e9, sculpture galleries. Several designers and architects have been involved in this work. Eva Ji\u0159i\u010dn\u00e1", "5726afeb708984140094cdd9": "2002", "5726afeb708984140094cdda": "ceramic decoration replaced and the elaborate painted designs restored on the ceiling.", "5726afeb708984140094cddb": "2009", "5726b12f5951b619008f7aaf": "Kim Wilkie and opened as the John Madejski Garden, on 5 July 2005", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab0": "Kim Wilkie and opened as the John Madejski Garden, on 5 July 2005", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab1": "2005", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab2": "stone", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab3": "2005", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e4": "2004", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e5": "2004", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e7": "2004", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e6": "RIBA", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e8": "2004", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b99": "Andrea Palladio", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9a": "Andrea Palladio", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9b": "330 drawings by Andrea Palladio are the largest in the world, other Europeans well represented are Jacques Gentilhatre and Antonio Visentini", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9c": "Andrea Palladio are the largest in the world, other Europeans well represented are Jacques Gentilhatre and Antonio Visentini", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9d": "Andrea Palladio are the largest in the world, other Europeans well represented are Jacques Gentilhatre and Antonio Visentini", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6a": "the collection includes parts of buildings, for example the two", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6b": "elaborately carved wood work", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6c": "the collection includes parts of buildings, for example the two", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6d": "a dormer window dated 1523\u201335 from the chateau of Montal", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6e": "main architecture gallery has a series of pillars from various buildings and different periods, for example a column from the Alhambra", "5726bc505951b619008f7c79": "2006", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7a": "2006", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7b": "2006", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7c": "2006", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7d": "2006", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c0": "1991", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c1": "1991", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c2": "1991", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c4": "Jawaharlal Nehru gallery of Indian art, opened in 1991", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c3": "Jawaharlal Nehru gallery of Indian art, opened in 1991", "5726bf325951b619008f7cfd": "T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art opened in 1991", "5726bf325951b619008f7cfe": "T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art opened in 1991", "5726bf325951b619008f7cff": "T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art opened in 1991", "5726bf325951b619008f7d00": "T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art opened in 1991", "5726bf325951b619008f7d01": "T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art opened in 1991", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd8": "1986", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd9": "Toshiba gallery of Japanese art opened in December 1986.", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fda": "13th-century sculpture", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdb": "1986", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdc": "bronze", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de7": "green-glazed ceramics, silk embroideries from officials' robes and gleaming boxes inlaid with mother-of-pearl", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de8": "green-glazed ceramics, silk embroideries from officials' robes and gleaming boxes inlaid with mother-of-pearl", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de9": "green-glazed ceramics, silk embroideries from officials' robes and gleaming boxes inlaid with mother-of-pearl", "5726c80c5951b619008f7dea": "green-glazed ceramics, silk embroideries from officials' robes and gleaming boxes inlaid with mother-of-pearl", "5726c80c5951b619008f7deb": "green-glazed ceramics, silk embroideries from officials' robes and gleaming boxes inlaid with mother-of-pearl", "5726c9a4708984140094d16f": "three", "5726c9a4708984140094d170": "three", "5726c9a4708984140094d171": "John Forster. The Reverend Alexander Dyce", "5726c9a4708984140094d172": "John Forster", "5726c9a4708984140094d173": "1876", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9086": "Eadwine Psalter[citation needed], Canterbury; Pocket Book of Hours, Reims; Missal from the", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9087": "Eadwine", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9088": "Eadwine", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9089": "Eadwine", "5726cc11dd62a815002e908a": "Eadwine", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc4": "MODES cataloging system was used from the 1980s to the 1990s, but those electronic files were not available to the library users.", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc5": "MODES cataloging system", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc6": "MODES", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc8": "MODES", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc7": "MODES cataloging system was used from the 1980s to the 1990s, but those electronic files were not available to the library users.", "5726cfa3708984140094d209": "2007", "5726cfa3708984140094d20a": "Andy Warhol", "5726cfa3708984140094d20b": "Andy Warhol", "5726cfa3708984140094d20c": "2007 in that department. That project was entitled the Factory Project to reference Andy Warhol", "5726cfa3708984140094d20d": "Andy Warhol", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f69": "Horace Walpole", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6a": "Asia, including porcelain, cloth and wallpaper.", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6b": "European artists that was purchased or commissioned by British patrons, as well as imports from Asia, including porcelain, cloth and wallpaper.", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6c": "pole", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6d": "imports from Asia, including porcelain, cloth and wallpaper.", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdb": "dies", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecda": "wider trends in British culture.", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecde": "Asia", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdc": "wider trends in British culture.", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdd": "wider trends in British culture.", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed16": "wing", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed17": "Cast Courts in the sculpture wing", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed18": "wing", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed19": "wing", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed1a": "wing", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e4": "1731 and the M\u00f6llendorff Dinner Service, designed in 1762 by Frederick II the Great.", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e5": "Vulture from 1731 and the M\u00f6llendorff Dinner Service", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e6": "Salt", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e7": "Salting Bequest made in 1909", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e8": "Salting Bequest made in 1909", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd8": "Josiah Wedgwood, William De Morgan and Bernard Leach as well as Mintons & Royal Doulton are represented in the collection.", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd9": "Josiah Wedgwood, William De Morgan and Bernard Leach as well as Mintons & Royal Doulton are represented in the collection.", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edda": "Josiah Wedgwood, William De Morgan and Bernard Leach as well as Mintons & Royal Doulton are represented in the collection.", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddb": "Josiah Wedgwood, William De Morgan and Bernard Leach as well as Mintons & Royal Doulton are represented in the collection.", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddc": "Josiah Wedgwood, William De Morgan and Bernard Leach as well as Mintons & Royal Doulton are represented in the collection.", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ab": "The glass collection covers 4000 years of glass making, and has over 6000 items from Africa, Britain, Europe, America and Asia.", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ac": "The glass collection covers 4000 years of glass making, and has over 6000 items from Africa, Britain, Europe, America and Asia.", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ad": "The glass collection covers 4000 years of glass making, and has over 6000 items from Africa, Britain, Europe, America and Asia.", "5726de7a5951b619008f80af": "The glass collection covers 4000 years of glass making, and has over 6000 items from Africa, Britain, Europe, America and Asia.", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ae": "The glass collection covers 4000 years of glass making, and has over 6000 items from Africa, Britain, Europe, America and Asia.", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee52": "Danny Lane, the gallery covering contemporary glass opened in 2004 and the sacred silver and stained-glass gallery in 2005.", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee53": "Danny Lane", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee54": "Danny Lane, the gallery covering contemporary glass opened in 2004 and the sacred silver and stained-glass gallery in 2005.", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee55": "Dale", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee56": "the Sainte-Chapelle", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c4": "10,000 British and 2,000 old master works, including works by: D\u00fcrer", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c5": "10,000 British and 2,000 old master works, including works by: D\u00fcrer", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c6": "The collection of drawings includes over 10,000 British and 2,000 old master works", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c7": "The collection of drawings includes over 10,000 British and 2,000 old master works, including works by: D\u00fcrer", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c8": "rer, Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione, Bernardo Buontalenti", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed8": "1913", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed9": "1913", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eeda": "1913", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedb": "1913", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedc": "1913", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9438": "2002", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9439": "2002", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943a": "2002", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943b": "Costiff", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943c": "modern fashion", "5726e680dd62a815002e946e": "John Jones Collection of French 18th-century art and furnishings was left to the museum in 1882, then valued at \u00a3250,000.", "5726e680dd62a815002e946f": "John Jones Collection of French 18th-century art and furnishings was left to the museum in 1882, then valued at \u00a3250,000.", "5726e680dd62a815002e9470": "French 18th-century art and furnishings was left to the museum in 1882, then valued at \u00a3250,000.", "5726e680dd62a815002e9471": "1882", "5726e680dd62a815002e9472": "1882", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a4": "Germany", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a5": "Germany", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a6": "Germany", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a7": "Germany", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a8": "Germany", "5726e9c65951b619008f8247": "The museum owns pieces by renowned jewelers Cartier, Jean Schlumberger, Peter Carl Faberg\u00e9, Hemmerle and Lalique.", "5726e9c65951b619008f8248": "The museum owns pieces by renowned jewelers Cartier, Jean Schlumberger, Peter Carl Faberg\u00e9, Hemmerle and Lalique.", "5726e9c65951b619008f8249": "154", "5726e9c65951b619008f824a": "154", "5726e9c65951b619008f824b": "The museum owns pieces by renowned jewelers Cartier, Jean Schlumberger, Peter Carl Faberg\u00e9, Hemmerle and Lalique.", "5726ee28708984140094d656": "main silver gallery is divided into these areas: British silver pre-1800", "5726ee28708984140094d657": "a silver gilt beaker", "5726ee28708984140094d658": "main silver gallery is divided into these areas: British silver pre-1800", "5726ee28708984140094d659": "British silver", "5726ee28708984140094d655": "main silver gallery is divided into these areas: British silver pre-1800", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959e": "gilt bronze", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959f": "gilt bronze", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a0": "small figures and inscriptions, it is a tour de force of bronze casting.", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a1": "small figures and inscriptions, it is a tour de force of bronze casting.", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a2": "Gloucester Candlestick, dated to c1110, made from gilt bronze", "5726f1ec708984140094d6aa": "Chris Smith", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ad": "Musical Instruments gallery closed 25 February 2010, a decision which was highly controversial.", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ab": "35", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ac": "35", "5726f1ec708984140094d6a9": "The Musical Instruments gallery closed 25 February 2010,", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bc": "Cartoons", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bd": "Cartoons", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0be": "the Raphael Cartoons", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bf": "the Raphael Cartoons", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0c0": "British and 650 European oil paintings, 6800 British watercolours, pastels and 2000 miniatures, for which the museum holds the national collection.", "5726f4a0708984140094d6e9": "Isabel", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ea": "Isabel", "5726f4a0708984140094d6eb": "Isabel", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ec": "Isabel", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ed": "Isabel", "5726f755708984140094d737": "continental art 1600\u20131800, including the portrait of Fran\u00e7ois, Duc d'", "5726f755708984140094d738": "1882", "5726f755708984140094d739": "Fran\u00e7ois, Duc d'", "5726f755708984140094d73a": "Fran\u00e7ois, Duc d'", "5726f90b708984140094d75d": "Eadweard Muybridge", "5726f90b708984140094d75e": "Eadweard Muybridge", "5726f90b708984140094d75f": "781 plates. These sequences of photographs taken a fraction of a second apart capture images of different animals and humans performimg various actions.", "5726f90b708984140094d760": "Eadweard Muybridge", "5726f90b708984140094d761": "The museum also holds James Lafayette", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96ce": "The sculpture collection at the V&A is the most comprehensive holding of post-classical European sculpture in the world.", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96cf": "22,000", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d0": "22,000", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d1": "The sculpture collection at the V&A is the most comprehensive holding of post-classical European sculpture in the world.", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9706": "Canova's The Three Graces, which the museum jointly owns with National Galleries of Scotland", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9707": "Three Graces", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9708": "Three Graces, which the museum jointly owns with National Galleries of Scotland.", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9709": "Three Graces", "5726fc63dd62a815002e970a": "Three Graces", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9732": "20 works", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9733": "20 works", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9734": "20 works", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9735": "1914, as acknowledgement of Britain's support of France", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9736": "20 works", "572700c8dd62a815002e976a": "the British Galleries", "572700c8dd62a815002e976b": "the British Galleries", "572700c8dd62a815002e976c": "the British Galleries", "572700c8dd62a815002e976d": "Nicholas Stone", "572702a3dd62a815002e9790": "Dorothy and Michael Hintze", "572702a3dd62a815002e9791": "2006", "572702a3dd62a815002e9792": "2006", "572702a3dd62a815002e9793": "2006", "572702a3dd62a815002e9794": "2006", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23c": "1st century AD to the present, this is the largest such collection in the world.", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23d": "53,000 examples, mainly western European though all populated continents are represented, dating from the 1st century AD", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23e": "1st century AD to the present, this is the largest such collection in the world.", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23f": "53,000 examples, mainly western European though all populated continents are represented, dating from the 1st century AD", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f240": "technique", "57270541dd62a815002e97c8": "Netherlands, depicting the hunting of various animals", "57270541dd62a815002e97c9": "Netherlands", "57270541dd62a815002e97ca": "four Devonshire Hunting Tapestries, very rare 15th-century tapestries, woven in the Netherlands, depicting the hunting of various animals", "57270541dd62a815002e97cb": "four Devonshire Hunting Tapestries, very rare 15th-century tapestries, woven in the Netherlands, depicting the hunting of various animals", "57270541dd62a815002e97cc": "four", "57270676dd62a815002e97f0": "late 14th-century Sicilian Tristan Quilt", "57270676dd62a815002e97f1": "1887", "57270676dd62a815002e97f2": "1887", "57270676dd62a815002e97f3": "the collection.", "57270676dd62a815002e97f4": "Sicilian Tristan Quilt, is also held by the collection.", "57270817708984140094d8c7": "2009", "57270817708984140094d8c8": "2009", "57270817708984140094d8c9": "2009", "57270817708984140094d8ca": "2009", "57270817708984140094d8cb": "2009", "57270ab9708984140094d8f7": "The conservators specialise in particular areas of conservation.", "57270ab9708984140094d8f8": "The conservators specialise in particular areas of conservation.", "57270ab9708984140094d8f9": "stable", "57270ab9708984140094d8fa": "The conservators specialise in particular areas of conservation.", "57270ab9708984140094d8fb": "The conservators specialise in particular areas of conservation.", "57267b755951b619008f7433": "The American Broadcasting Company (ABC)", "57267b755951b619008f7434": "1957", "57267b755951b619008f7435": "The American Broadcasting Company", "57267b755951b619008f7436": "The American Broadcasting Company", "57267b755951b619008f7437": "Disney\u2013ABC Television Group, a subsidiary of Disney Media Networks division of The Walt Disney Company. The network is part of the Big Three television networks.", "57267ca75951b619008f7469": "October 12, 1943 as a radio network, separated from and serving as the successor to the NBC Blue Network, which had been purchased by Edward J.", "57267ca75951b619008f746a": "October", "57267ca75951b619008f746b": "It extended its operations to television in 1948, following in the footsteps of established broadcast networks CBS and NBC.", "57267ca75951b619008f746c": "ESPN", "57267ca75951b619008f746d": "October 12, 1943 as a radio network, separated from and serving as the successor to the NBC Blue Network, which had been purchased by Edward J.", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8740": "the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8741": "Citadel Broadcasting, which purchased the ABC Radio properties", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8742": "The television network has eight", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8743": "simultaneous substitution regulations", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8744": "Citadel Broadcasting, which purchased the ABC Radio properties in 2007", "5726808bdd62a815002e8776": "three", "5726808bdd62a815002e8777": "1927", "5726808bdd62a815002e8778": "1927", "5726808bdd62a815002e8779": "1927", "5726808bdd62a815002e877a": "1927", "572681ab708984140094c85d": "the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)", "572681ab708984140094c85e": "Mutual", "572681ab708984140094c85f": "Mutual", "572681ab708984140094c860": "Mutual", "572681ab708984140094c861": "Mutual", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fc": "Woods", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fd": "Woods", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fe": "RCA decided to sell NBC Blue in 1941, and gave the mandate to do so to Mark Woods.", "572684f5dd62a815002e87ff": "Woods", "572684f5dd62a815002e8800": "Investment", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29e": "Noble", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29f": "three RCA stations by Noble", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a0": "George B. Storer", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a1": "Noble", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a2": "Noble", "57268739708984140094c8ed": "symphony performances conducted by Paul Whiteman", "57268739708984140094c8ee": "Paul Whiteman", "57268739708984140094c8ef": "suspenseful dramas as Sherlock Holmes, Gang Busters and Counterspy", "57268739708984140094c8f0": "several big names, such as Bing Crosby", "57268739708984140094c8f1": "symphony performances conducted by Paul Whiteman", "57269260dd62a815002e89ea": "ESPN", "57269260dd62a815002e89eb": "The policy regarding wholly owned international networks was revived in 2004 when on September 27 of that year, ABC announced the launch of ABC1", "57269260dd62a815002e89ec": "ESPN", "57269260dd62a815002e89ed": "ESPN", "57269260dd62a815002e89ee": "ESPN", "57269344f1498d1400e8e43e": "satellite", "57269344f1498d1400e8e43f": "satellite", "57269344f1498d1400e8e440": "wholly and partially owned channels", "57269344f1498d1400e8e441": "international networks, mainly in Japan", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5c": "Leonard Goldenson, following the United Paramount Theatres model, tried to use on ABC the same strategies he had made in expanding UPT's theater operation", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5d": "Beirut", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5e": "Leonard Goldenson, following the United Paramount Theatres model, tried to use on ABC the same strategies he had made in expanding UPT's theater operation", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5f": "Leonard Goldenson, following the United Paramount Theatres model, tried to use on ABC the same strategies he had made in expanding UPT's theater operation", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb60": "Leonard Goldenson, following the United Paramount Theatres model, tried to use on ABC the same strategies he had made in expanding UPT's theater operation", "5726e5ac708984140094d51b": "Peanuts television specials", "5726e5ac708984140094d51c": "ABC currently holds the broadcast rights to the Academy Awards, Emmy Awards", "5726e5ac708984140094d51d": "2000", "5726e5ac708984140094d51e": "2000", "5726e5ac708984140094d51f": "2000", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef30": "1974, ABC has generally aired Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve on New Year'", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef31": "1974, ABC has generally aired Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef32": "1974, ABC has generally aired Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef33": "1974", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef34": "1974, ABC has generally aired Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin", "5726e671dd62a815002e9464": "1963.", "5726e671dd62a815002e9465": "1975, though that program is not considered to be part of the ABC Daytime block.", "5726e671dd62a815002e9466": "Procter & Gamble-produced soap The Edge of Night", "5726e671dd62a815002e9467": "1963.", "5726e671dd62a815002e9468": "1963.", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6e": "Saturday Night Football package", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6c": "2006", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6b": "package", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6a": "Saturday Night Football package", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6d": "Saturday Night Football package", "5726e860708984140094d579": "Frank Marx", "5726e860708984140094d57a": "five", "5726e860708984140094d57b": "five", "5726e860708984140094d57c": "five", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa0": "DuMont Television Network.", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa1": "DuMont Television Network.", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa2": "DuMont Television Network", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa3": "DuMont Television Network.", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950a": "the U.S.", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950b": "the U.S.", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950c": "five", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950d": "the U.S.", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950e": "the U.S.", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff2": "Leonard Goldenson, the president of UPT", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff3": "Leonard Goldenson, the president of UPT", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff4": "Noble in 1951 on a proposal for UPT to purchase ABC. Noble received other offers, including one from CBS founder William S. Paley", "5726ed12708984140094d645": "its freeze on new station license applications, among the issues the Commission was slated to address was whether to approve the UPT-ABC merger.", "5726ed12708984140094d646": "its freeze on new station license applications, among the issues the Commission was slated to address was whether to approve the UPT-ABC merger.", "5726ed12708984140094d647": "its freeze on new station license applications, among the issues the Commission was slated to address was whether to approve the UPT-ABC merger.", "5726ed12708984140094d648": "the Paramount Building", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f024": "August", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f025": "WENR-TV in Chicago", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f026": "WENR-TV in Chicago", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f027": "on August", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c6": "On September 30, 1960", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c7": "color", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c8": "On September 30, 1960", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c9": "color. On September 30, 1960", "5726f0865951b619008f82e5": "its financial situation,", "5726f0865951b619008f82e6": "NBC to produce color broadcasts of his anthology series", "5726f0865951b619008f82e7": "NBC to produce color broadcasts of his anthology series", "5726f0865951b619008f82e8": "NBC to produce color broadcasts of his anthology series", "572734af708984140094dae3": "circle logo, also called \"the dot", "572734af708984140094dae4": "circle", "572734af708984140094dae5": "circle logo, also called \"the dot", "572734af708984140094dae6": "circle logo, also called \"the dot", "572735a15951b619008f86bf": "small", "572735a15951b619008f86c0": "yellow background (promotions during this time also featured a sequence of still photos of the stars of its programs", "572735a15951b619008f86c1": "small black-and-white \"ABC Circle\" logo on a yellow background (promotions during this time also featured a sequence of still photos", "572735a15951b619008f86c2": "small", "572736625951b619008f86d1": "bronze border surrounding the circle. The ABC logo first appeared as a on-screen bug in the 1993\u201394 season", "572736625951b619008f86d2": "gold CGI design on a blue background, accompanied by the slogan \"That Special Feeling\" in a script font. Ten years later, in 1993", "572736625951b619008f86d3": "bronze border surrounding the circle.", "572736625951b619008f86d4": "blue background, accompanied by the slogan \"That Special Feeling\" in a script font. Ten years later, in 1993", "572736fc5951b619008f86d9": "1977", "572736fc5951b619008f86da": "1977", "572736fc5951b619008f86db": "bubble", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4be": "Rand", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4bf": "Bauhaus typeface designed by Herbert Bayer", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c0": "Herbert Bayer", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c1": "1963\u201364 season", "5727387b5951b619008f86e9": "On October", "5727387b5951b619008f86ea": "On October 19, 2005", "5727387b5951b619008f86eb": "six", "57273954708984140094db05": "fourth", "57273954708984140094db06": "fourth", "57273954708984140094db07": "Anne Sweeney", "57273954708984140094db08": "fourth", "57273a0d708984140094db0d": "2002", "57273a0d708984140094db0e": "Michael Eisner", "57273a0d708984140094db0f": "2002", "57273a0d708984140094db10": "2002", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4da": "four", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4db": "a", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dc": "a carriage dispute", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dd": "a", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d6": "2000", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d7": "The Practice", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d8": "2000", "57273c195951b619008f8721": "Regis Philbin", "57273c195951b619008f8722": "Regis Philbin", "57273c195951b619008f8723": "Regis Philbin", "57273c195951b619008f8724": "Regis Philbin", "57273d19708984140094db3d": "a special conference in New York City on January 4, 1996", "57273d19708984140094db3e": "The Walt Disney Company announced an agreement to merge with Capital Cities/ABC for $19 billion", "57273d19708984140094db3f": "The Walt Disney Company announced an agreement to merge with Capital Cities/ABC for $19 billion", "57273d19708984140094db40": "Thomas S. Murphy left ABC with Robert Iger taking his place as president and CEO.", "57273d19708984140094db41": "The Walt Disney Company announced an agreement to merge with Capital Cities/ABC for $19 billion", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f508": "color", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f509": "color", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f50a": "color", "57273ef15951b619008f8751": "7", "57273ef15951b619008f8752": "7", "57273ef15951b619008f8753": "Baltimore", "57273f9d708984140094db51": "Robert Kintner", "57273f9d708984140094db52": "financial problems", "57273f9d708984140094db53": "financial problems", "57273f9d708984140094db54": "financial problems", "5727403af1498d1400e8f526": "Lone Ranger", "5727403af1498d1400e8f527": "Lone Ranger", "5727403af1498d1400e8f528": "Hollywood", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1c": "the 1947 film Wyoming Kid); Sugarfoot (a remake of the 1954 film The Boy from Oklahoma); and Maverick.", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1d": "1954 film The Boy from Oklahoma); and Maverick.", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1e": "Walt Disney", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1f": "Cheyenne (adapted from the 1947 film Wyoming Kid); Sugarfoot (a remake of the 1954 film The Boy from Oklahoma); and Maverick.", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53e": "Roy", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53f": "Roy", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f540": "Roy", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f541": "Roy", "572742daf1498d1400e8f550": "seven", "572742daf1498d1400e8f551": "seven", "572742daf1498d1400e8f552": "seven", "572742daf1498d1400e8f553": "seven", "5727436af1498d1400e8f558": "the Movie of the Week, a weekly showcase aimed at capitalizing on the growing success of made-for-TV movies since the early 1960s.", "5727436af1498d1400e8f559": "September 1969", "5727436af1498d1400e8f55a": "1971 film Duel", "5727436af1498d1400e8f55b": "September 1969", "572743fb708984140094db93": "early 1970s, ABC completed its transition to color", "572743fb708984140094db94": "color", "572743fb708984140094db95": "color", "5727448b5951b619008f87a1": "Monday Night Football", "5727448b5951b619008f87a2": "Monday Night Football", "5727448b5951b619008f87a3": "1970, ABC debuted Monday Night Football", "5727448b5951b619008f87a4": "Monday Night Football", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4e": "the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4f": "the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules", "57274633dd62a815002e9a50": "Financial Interest and Syndication Rules", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a66": "Congress passed the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a67": "Congress passed the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a68": "Henry Plitt", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a69": "Elton Rule", "572747dd5951b619008f87a9": "1966", "572747dd5951b619008f87aa": "anthology", "572747dd5951b619008f87ab": "1966", "572747dd5951b619008f87ac": "1966", "572748745951b619008f87b1": "Fred Pierce, the newly appointed president of ABC Television, convinced Fred Silverman", "572748745951b619008f87b2": "Fred Pierce", "572748745951b619008f87b3": "Today", "572748745951b619008f87b4": "Today", "5727492f708984140094dbb5": "ABC in 1978 to become president of NBC's entertainment division.", "5727492f708984140094dbb6": "Silverman, who left ABC in 1978 to become president of NBC's entertainment division.", "5727492f708984140094dbb7": "Charlie's Angels and Three's Company (which debuted in 1977", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a90": "Haley", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a91": "Aaron Spelling", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a92": "Aaron Spelling", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a93": "Aaron Spelling", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a94": "Aaron Spelling", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b4": "Roone Arledge", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b5": "1977", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b6": "77", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b7": "1977, Roone Arledge", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dc": "Hugh", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dd": "Hugh Downs", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5de": "his former Today colleague Barbara Walters", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5df": "Hugh", "57274cac708984140094dbdd": "July 2004 with the launch of ABC News Now, a 24-hour news channel distributed for viewing on the Internet and mobile phones.", "57274cac708984140094dbde": "the launch of ABC News Now, a 24-hour news channel distributed for viewing on the Internet and mobile phones.", "57274cac708984140094dbdf": "the launch of ABC News Now, a 24-hour news channel distributed for viewing on the Internet and mobile phones.", "57274cac708984140094dbe0": "the launch of ABC News Now, a 24-hour news channel distributed for viewing on the Internet and mobile phones.", "57274d905951b619008f87e1": "Duel", "57274d905951b619008f87e2": "Duel", "57274d905951b619008f87e3": "Duel", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f1": "early 2009, Disney\u2013ABC Television Group merged ABC Entertainment and ABC Studios into a new division, ABC Entertainment Group", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f2": "early", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f3": "On April 2, 2009, Citadel Communications announced that it would rebrand ABC Radio as Citadel", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f4": "early", "57274f07708984140094dbed": "sixth and final season of Lost became the drama's lowest-rated season since its debut in 2004.", "57274f07708984140094dbee": "sixth and final season of Lost became the drama's lowest-rated season since its debut in 2004.", "57274f07708984140094dbef": "sixth and final season of Lost became the drama's lowest-rated season since its debut in 2004.", "57274f07708984140094dbf0": "Fridays", "5727504b5951b619008f881d": "1973", "5727504b5951b619008f881e": "1970", "5727504b5951b619008f881f": "1970, ABC proactively created two companies: Worldvision Enterprises as a syndication distributor, and ABC Circle Films as a production company.", "5727504b5951b619008f8820": "Turner Broadcasting System", "57275273dd62a815002e9b16": "Selznick library", "57275273dd62a815002e9b17": "Selznick library", "57275273dd62a815002e9b18": "Selznick library", "57275273dd62a815002e9b19": "nick library", "57275339dd62a815002e9b28": "eight", "57275339dd62a815002e9b29": "eight", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2a": "eight", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2b": "eight", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b44": "1946", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b45": "1953", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b46": "1943. The network's first logo, introduced in 1946", "57275573708984140094dc45": "Extreme Makeover: Home Edition became the only remaining program on the network's schedule that was broadcast in 4:3 standard definition.", "57275573708984140094dc46": "Supernanny", "57275573708984140094dc47": "HD", "57275573708984140094dc48": "Supernanny", "57275650708984140094dc5f": "720p high definition", "57275650708984140094dc60": "720p high definition, the native resolution format for The Walt Disney Company's U.S.", "57275650708984140094dc61": "11 other affiliates owned by various companies", "57275650708984140094dc62": "720p high definition", "57275743f1498d1400e8f680": "the midseason forensic investigation drama Body of Proof being the only one that was renewed for a second season. The network also struggled to establish new comedies", "57275743f1498d1400e8f681": "comedies", "57275743f1498d1400e8f682": "the midseason forensic investigation drama Body of Proof being the only one that was renewed for a second season. The network also struggled to establish new comedies", "57275743f1498d1400e8f683": "forensic investigation drama Body of Proof being the only one that was renewed for a second season. The network also struggled to establish new comedies", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b6": "backlash from fans", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b7": "fans", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b8": "fans", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b9": "Revolution", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6ba": "fans", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6ca": "2004", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cb": "Neighbors", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cc": "Neighbors", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cd": "Neighbors (which languished in its new Friday time slot despite being bookended by Last Man Standing", "57275a505951b619008f889f": "The Middle and Modern Family, the latter of which was both a critical and commercial success.", "57275a505951b619008f88a0": "Dragon's Den reality format", "57275a505951b619008f88a1": "The Middle and Modern Family, the latter of which was both a critical and commercial success.", "57275a505951b619008f88a2": "The Middle and Modern Family, the latter of which was both a critical and commercial success.", "57275bfb708984140094dc97": "Thomas Murphy", "57275bfb708984140094dc98": "Thomas Murphy", "57275bfb708984140094dc99": "Thomas Murphy", "57275bfb708984140094dc9a": "Thomas Murphy", "57275bfb708984140094dc9b": "Thomas Murphy", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6da": "the FCC repealed the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6db": "Financial Interest and Syndication Rules, once again allowing networks to hold interests in television production studios.", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dc": "Financial Interest and Syndication Rules", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dd": "Financial Interest and Syndication Rules", "57275e125951b619008f88d7": "The network's finances improved and allowed it to invest in other properties and programming.", "57275e125951b619008f88d8": "Chicago", "57275e125951b619008f88d9": "The network's finances improved and allowed it to invest in other properties and programming.", "57275e125951b619008f88da": "the Canadian Radio-Television Commission", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f4": "Edgar Scherick", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f5": "Edgar Scherick", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f6": "Edgar Scherick", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f7": "his", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f706": "cinema division", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f707": "the ABC television network premiered The Dating Game", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f708": "Game", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f709": "7", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd8": "Several flagship series debuted on the network during this time including Dynasty", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd9": "Several flagship series debuted on the network during this time including Dynasty", "57276166dd62a815002e9bda": "Several flagship series debuted on the network during this time including Dynasty", "57276166dd62a815002e9bdb": "Dynasty", "5727623a5951b619008f8921": "the Infinity Broadcasting Corporation.", "5727623a5951b619008f8922": "Getty Oil", "5727623a5951b619008f8923": "ESPN", "5727623a5951b619008f8924": "the Infinity Broadcasting Corporation.", "572763a8708984140094dcd9": "Daniel B. Burke while remaining ABC's chairman and CEO. Capital Cities/ABC reported revenues of $465 million.", "572763a8708984140094dcda": "Daniel B. Burke while remaining ABC's chairman and CEO. Capital Cities/ABC reported revenues of $465 million.", "572763a8708984140094dcdb": "Daniel B. Burke while remaining ABC's chairman and CEO. Capital Cities/ABC reported revenues of $465 million", "572763a8708984140094dcdc": "Daniel B. Burke while remaining ABC's chairman and CEO. Capital Cities/ABC reported revenues of $465 million.", "572763a8708984140094dcdd": "Daniel B. Burke while remaining ABC's chairman and CEO. Capital Cities/ABC reported revenues of $465 million.", "572764855951b619008f8951": "11", "572764855951b619008f8952": "11", "572764855951b619008f8953": "11", "572764855951b619008f8954": "11", "57276576dd62a815002e9c18": "locally", "57276576dd62a815002e9c19": "locally licensed affiliate", "57276576dd62a815002e9c1a": "co-owned/co-managed full-power television station", "57276576dd62a815002e9c1b": "Rhode Island is served by New Bedford, Massachusetts-licensed WLNE", "57276690708984140094dd01": "Touchstone Television beginning in 1985, before Touchstone was reorganized as ABC Studios in February 2007.", "57276690708984140094dd02": "ABC Studios in February 2007.", "57276690708984140094dd03": "1950s, ABC has had two main production facilities: the ABC Television Center", "57276690708984140094dd04": "1950s, ABC has had two main production facilities: the ABC Television Center", "5727678e5951b619008f8973": "West 66th Street, in a six-story building occupying a 196 feet (60 m) \u00d7 379 feet (116 m)", "5727678e5951b619008f8974": "Broadway", "5727678e5951b619008f8975": "Peter Jennings Way in 2006", "5727678e5951b619008f8976": "Broadway", "572768d9708984140094dd13": "several video on demand services for delayed viewing of the network's programming, including a traditional VOD service called ABC on Demand", "572768d9708984140094dd14": "The Walt Disney Company is also a part-owner of Hulu", "572768d9708984140094dd15": "The Walt Disney Company", "572768d9708984140094dd16": "27% ownership stake in Hulu", "572769e85951b619008f8985": "Disney\u2013ABC Television Group", "572769e85951b619008f8986": "2014", "572769e85951b619008f8987": "Disney\u2013ABC Television Group", "572769e85951b619008f8988": "Group", "57276a8f5951b619008f8995": "LoyalKaspar", "57276a8f5951b619008f8996": "A revised version of the ABC logo was introduced for promotions for the 2013\u201314 season", "57276a8f5951b619008f8997": "Modern", "57276a8f5951b619008f8998": "updated logo carries a simpler gloss design than the previous version, and contains lettering more closely resembling Paul Rand's original version of the circle logo.", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b2": "14", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b3": "14", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b4": "regained control of their programming, with higher advertising revenues: ABC's revenue increased by 67%", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b5": "the All-Channel Receiver Act", "57276d7f708984140094dd3f": "secondary status", "57276d7f708984140094dd40": "secondary status", "57276d7f708984140094dd41": "secondary status", "57276d7f708984140094dd42": "secondary status", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd0": "Walt Disney Presents as it became disassociated with the theme park of the same name.", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd1": "Disney", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd2": "Disney", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd3": "Disneyland anthology series was retitled Walt Disney Presents as it became disassociated with the theme park of the same name.", "5727705f5951b619008f89f3": "ABC Sunday Night Movie, which debuted a year behind its competitors and was initially presented in black-and-white", "5727705f5951b619008f89f4": "Fugitive", "5727705f5951b619008f89f5": "Hanna-Barbera, The Jetsons", "5727705f5951b619008f89f6": "a year behind its competitors and was initially presented in black-and-white", "5727705f5951b619008f89f7": "Fugitive", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f840": "a merger proposal with ITT to ABC management; the two companies agreed to the deal on April 27, 1966.", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f841": "The FCC approved the merger on December 21, 1966; however, the previous day (December 20), Donald F. Turner", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f842": "the Department of Justice", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f843": "The FCC approved the merger on December 21, 1966; however, the previous day (December 20), Donald F. Turner", "57277373dd62a815002e9d24": "chief executive officer of Capital Cities Communications, contacted Leonard Goldenson about a proposal to merge their respective companies.", "57277373dd62a815002e9d25": "Thomas S. Murphy, chief executive officer of Capital Cities Communications, contacted Leonard Goldenson about a proposal to merge their respective companies.", "57277373dd62a815002e9d26": "Thomas S. Murphy, chief executive officer of Capital Cities Communications, contacted Leonard Goldenson about a proposal to merge their respective companies.", "57277373dd62a815002e9d27": "Thomas S. Murphy, chief executive officer of Capital Cities Communications, contacted Leonard Goldenson about a proposal to merge their respective companies.", "57277373dd62a815002e9d28": "Thomas S. Murphy, chief executive officer of Capital Cities Communications, contacted Leonard Goldenson about a proposal to merge their respective companies.", "572774cf5951b619008f8a51": "four", "572774cf5951b619008f8a52": "four", "572774cf5951b619008f8a53": "four", "572774cf5951b619008f8a54": "four", "572774cf5951b619008f8a55": "federal approval on September 5, 1985.", "57277585708984140094de2b": "Laverne & Shirley", "57277585708984140094de2c": "Laverne & Shirley", "57277585708984140094de2d": "Laverne & Shirley", "57277585708984140094de2e": "Laverne & Shirley", "57277585708984140094de2f": "four of ABC's marquee shows", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c4": "1989", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c5": "1989", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c6": "family-friendly comedies", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c7": "1989 debut of the \"TGIF\" block (which promotions referenced stood for \"Thank Goodness It'", "572776e85951b619008f8a7f": "seven", "572776e85951b619008f8a80": "seven radio stations nationwide in order to purchase Houston radio stations KXYZ and KXYZ-FM for $1 million in shares and $1.", "572776e85951b619008f8a81": "ge", "572776e85951b619008f8a82": "seven radio stations nationwide in order to purchase Houston radio stations KXYZ and KXYZ-FM for $1 million in shares and $1.", "572776e85951b619008f8a83": "ge", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9d": "westerns and detective series", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9e": "almost 500%", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9f": "advertising revenues", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa0": "advertising revenues", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa1": "diverse range of programming that met the expectations of the public, such as westerns and detective series.", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90a": "strong lineup of programs that contrasted with those seen on its rival networks, which helped Goldenson give the network a continuum between film and television.", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90b": "a continuum between film and television.", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90c": "Life", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90d": "a continuum between film and television.", "57277af2708984140094dec3": "full-length episodes of ABC programs", "57277af2708984140094dec4": "May 2013, ABC launched \"WATCH ABC\", a revamp of its traditional multi-platform", "57277af2708984140094dec5": "Hearst", "57277af2708984140094dec6": "May 2013, ABC launched \"WATCH ABC\", a revamp of its traditional multi-platform", "57277bfc708984140094ded9": "Sinclair Broadcast Group", "57277bfc708984140094deda": "Sinclair Broadcast Group", "57277bfc708984140094dedb": "Sinclair Broadcast Group", "57277bfc708984140094dedc": "Birmingham", "57277bfc708984140094dedd": "Company", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e76": "Troika", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e77": "Troika", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e78": "Red ribbons", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e79": "Red ribbons", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea4": "separately owned and operated affiliates which serve the same market in Tampa, Florida", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea5": "separately owned and operated affiliates which serve the same market in Tampa, Florida", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea6": "separately owned and operated affiliates which serve the same market in Tampa, Florida", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea7": "separately owned and operated affiliates which serve the same market in Tampa, Florida", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f5": "uniting many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia.", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f6": "he started the Mongol invasions", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f7": "wholesale massacres of the civilian populations \u2013 especially in the Khwarezmian and Xia controlled lands.", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f8": "wholesale massacres of the civilian populations \u2013 especially in the Khwarezmian and Xia controlled lands.", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f9": "raids", "5726a00d708984140094cc25": "\u00d6gedei Khan as his successor and split his empire into khanates among his sons and grandsons.", "5726a00d708984140094cc26": "\u00d6gedei Khan as his successor and split his empire into khanates among his sons and grandsons.", "5726a00d708984140094cc27": "\u00d6gedei Khan as his successor and split his empire into khanates among his sons and grandsons. He died in 1227", "5726a00d708984140094cc28": "\u00d6gedei Khan as his successor and split his empire into khanates among his sons and grandsons.", "5726a00d708984140094cc29": "unmarked grave somewhere in Mongolia at an unknown location.", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e578": "The Secret History of the Mongols reports that Tem\u00fcjin was born with a blood clot", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e579": "The Secret History of the Mongols reports that Tem\u00fcjin was born with a blood clot", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57a": "The Secret History of the Mongols reports that Tem\u00fcjin was born with a blood clot", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57b": "Tatar", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbc": "three", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbd": "Begter and Belgutei.", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbe": "three", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbf": "three", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bc0": "Dai Setsen", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb7": "Begter", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb8": "Beg", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb9": "Beg", "5726a4a9708984140094ccba": "Beg", "5726a5f65951b619008f7903": "the Tayichi'ud", "5726a5f65951b619008f7904": "the Tayichi'ud", "5726a5f65951b619008f7905": "the Tayichi'ud", "5726a5f65951b619008f7906": "the Tayichi'ud", "5726a5f65951b619008f7907": "the Tayichi'ud", "5726a784708984140094ccff": "arranged marriages were often used to solidify temporary alliances.", "5726a784708984140094cd00": "unstable political climate of Mongolia, especially the need for alliances", "5726a784708984140094cd01": "alliances", "5726a784708984140094cd02": "unstable political climate of Mongolia, especially the need for alliances", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c34": "the Onggirat tribe", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c35": "the Merkits", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c36": "kidnapped", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c37": "the Onggirat tribe", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c38": "16", "5726a9ed5951b619008f7969": "1187\u20141241), \u00d6gedei (1189\u20141241), and Tolui (1190\u20131232).", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796a": "1187\u20141241), \u00d6gedei (1189\u20141241), and Tolui (1190\u20131232).", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796b": "1187\u20141241), \u00d6gedei (1189\u20141241), and Tolui (1190\u20131232).", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796c": "1187\u20141241), \u00d6gedei (1189\u20141241), and Tolui (1190\u20131232).", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796d": "B\u00f6rte", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a2": "the Merkits", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a3": "the Merkits", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a4": "B\u00f6rte", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a5": "the Merkits", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a6": "Jamukha", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ca": "the Merkits", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cb": "the Merkits", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cc": "broader, though lower class, range of followers.", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cd": "the Merkits", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ce": "broader, though lower class, range of followers.", "5726ae32708984140094cdab": "Yassa code", "5726ae32708984140094cdac": "absolute obedience and following his rule of law, the Yassa code", "5726ae32708984140094cdad": "absolute obedience", "5726ae32708984140094cdae": "absolute obedience", "5726af765951b619008f7a51": "Jochi", "5726af765951b619008f7a52": "his daughter in marriage to Jochi, the eldest son of Tem\u00fcjin, a sign of disrespect", "5726af765951b619008f7a53": "split between both factions and was a prelude to war.", "5726af765951b619008f7a54": "Keraite tribe", "5726b0985951b619008f7a91": "the Naimans", "5726b0985951b619008f7a92": "In", "5726b0985951b619008f7a93": "the Naimans", "5726b0985951b619008f7a94": "Sub", "5726b0985951b619008f7a95": "the Naimans", "5726b1d95951b619008f7acd": "the Secret History, Tem\u00fcjin again offered his friendship", "5726b1d95951b619008f7ace": "the Secret History, Tem\u00fcjin again offered his friendship", "5726b1d95951b619008f7acf": "reunion", "5726b1d95951b619008f7ad0": "the Secret History, Tem\u00fcjin again offered his friendship", "5726b879708984140094cf01": "ruthless", "5726b879708984140094cf02": "measuring", "5726b879708984140094cf03": "betrayal", "5726b879708984140094cf04": "His military strategies showed a deep interest in gathering good intelligence", "5726b879708984140094cf05": "Jamukha", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf1": "Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Keraites, Tatars, Uyghurs, and other disparate smaller tribes", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf2": "1206", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf3": "Tem\u00fcjin had managed to unite or subdue the Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Keraites", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf4": "Tem\u00fcjin had managed to unite or subdue the Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Keraites", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf5": "1206", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3b": "the conquest of Western Xia, Genghis Khan planned again to conquer the Jin dynasty.", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3c": "The commander of the Jin dynasty army made a tactical mistake in not attacking the Mongols at the first opportunity.", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3d": "the conquest of Western Xia, Genghis Khan planned again to conquer the Jin dynasty.", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3e": "the conquest of Western Xia", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3f": "the conquest of Western Xia, Genghis Khan planned again to conquer the Jin dynasty.", "5726bd655951b619008f7c9f": "Kuchlug, the deposed Khan of the Naiman confederation", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca0": "Arrow", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca1": "the deposed Khan of the Naiman confederation", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca2": "Arrow", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca3": "Arrow", "5726bf135951b619008f7ce9": "west of Kashgar. Kuchlug fled again, but was soon hunted down by Jebe's army", "5726bf135951b619008f7cea": "army", "5726bf135951b619008f7ceb": "west of Kashgar. Kuchlug fled again, but was soon hunted down by Jebe's army and executed.", "5726bf135951b619008f7cec": "west of Kashgar. Kuchlug fled again, but was soon hunted down by Jebe's army and executed.", "5726bf135951b619008f7ced": "west of Kashgar. Kuchlug fled again, but was soon hunted down by Jebe's army and executed.", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f76": "Shah Ala ad-Din Muhammad. Genghis Khan saw the potential advantage in Khwarezmia as a commercial trading partner using the Silk Road", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f77": "spies", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f78": "three ambassadors", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f79": "Silk Road", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f7a": "commercial trading partner using the Silk Road", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa6": "Tien Shan mountains", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa7": "the Tien Shan mountains by entering the area controlled by the Khwarezmian Empire.", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa8": "the Tien Shan mountains by entering the area controlled by the Khwarezmian Empire.", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa9": "Jochi", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8faa": "His son Jochi", "5726c3b3708984140094d0cf": "diverse internecine feud", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d0": "various cities", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d1": "silver", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d2": "diverse internecine feud", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d3": "diverse internecine feuds and by the Shah's decision to divide his army", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f5": "brutal.", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f6": "fell, the capital was moved to Bukhara", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f7": "brutal.", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae2": "captured enemies as body shields. After several days only a few remaining soldiers, loyal supporters of the Shah, held out in the citadel.", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae3": "captured enemies as body shields. After several days only a few remaining soldiers, loyal supporters of the Shah, held out in the citadel.", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae4": "captured enemies as body shields. After several days only a few remaining soldiers, loyal supporters of the Shah, held out in the citadel.", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddd": "Turkish", "5726c7a85951b619008f7dde": "Turkish", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddf": "Turkish defenders held the city's citadel for another twelve days.", "5726c7a85951b619008f7de0": "Turkish defenders held the city's citadel for another twelve days.", "5726c7a85951b619008f7de1": "Turkish defenders held the city's citadel for another twelve days.", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9046": "Volga Bulgars", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9047": "Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes.", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9048": "his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes.", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9049": "the neighboring Volga Bulgars.", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e904a": "the neighboring Volga Bulgars", "57272bcb5951b619008f8683": "green pastures beyond the Bulgar territory, allowing for the planning for conquest of Hungary and Europe.", "57272bcb5951b619008f8684": "green pastures beyond the Bulgar territory, allowing for the planning for conquest of Hungary and Europe.", "57272bcb5951b619008f8685": "green pastures beyond the Bulgar territory, allowing for the planning for conquest of Hungary and Europe.", "57272bcb5951b619008f8686": "green pastures beyond the Bulgar territory, allowing for the planning for conquest of Hungary and Europe.", "57272bcb5951b619008f8687": "green pastures beyond the Bulgar territory, allowing for the planning for conquest of Hungary and Europe.", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43a": "One of the Tangut generals challenged the Mongols to a battle near Helan Mountains but was defeated.", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43b": "the west, Genghis Khan began a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts. His armies quickly took Heisui, Ganzhou,", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43c": "One of the Tangut generals challenged the Mongols to a battle near Helan Mountains but was defeated.", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43d": "the Yellow River", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43e": "the west, Genghis Khan began a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts. His armies quickly took Heisui, Ganzhou,", "57272dd55951b619008f8697": "Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring.", "57272dd55951b619008f8698": "Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring.", "57272dd55951b619008f8699": "arrows", "57272dd55951b619008f869a": "Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring.", "57272dd55951b619008f869b": "Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring.", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44e": "the seniority of Jochi among the brothers.", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44f": "the seniority of Jochi among the brothers.", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f450": "the seniority of Jochi among the brothers.", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f451": "old age", "57272ff2708984140094dabd": "possible conflict between them if he died.", "57272ff2708984140094dabe": "temper", "57272ff2708984140094dabf": "friction", "57272ff2708984140094dac0": "character", "5727311d5951b619008f86ab": "Rashid al-Din", "5727311d5951b619008f86ac": "Khorasan", "5727311d5951b619008f86ad": "Ratchnevsky,", "5727311d5951b619008f86ae": "Ratchnevsky,", "5727311d5951b619008f86af": "Rashid al-Din", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46a": "Secret History of the Mongols Genghis Khan fell from his horse", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46b": "The Secret History of the Mongols Genghis Khan fell from his horse", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46c": "Secret History of the Mongols Genghis Khan fell from his horse", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46d": "The Secret History of the Mongols Genghis Khan fell from his horse", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46e": "ds", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f474": "markings", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f475": "markings", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f476": "the Onon River", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f477": "The Genghis Khan Mausoleum", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48c": "Japanese troops", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48d": "the 'Lord'", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48e": "the 'Lord'", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48f": "'Lord'", "57273455f1498d1400e8f490": "Red", "57273581708984140094daeb": "2004", "57273581708984140094daec": "2004", "57273581708984140094daed": "2004", "57273581708984140094daee": "horses", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b5": "the Yassa", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b4": "the Yassa", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b6": "the Yassa", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b7": "y", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b8": "a civilian and military code, called the Yassa", "57273887dd62a815002e99a2": "tax exemptions for religious figures and, to some extent, teachers and doctors. The Mongol Empire practiced religious tolerance", "57273887dd62a815002e99a3": "tolerance", "57273887dd62a815002e99a4": "tax exemptions for religious figures and, to some extent, teachers and doctors. The Mongol Empire practiced religious tolerance", "57273887dd62a815002e99a5": "tax exemptions for religious figures and, to some extent, teachers and doctors. The Mongol Empire practiced religious tolerance", "572739a75951b619008f86f7": "Women", "572739a75951b619008f86f8": "Pax Mongolica (Mongol Peace)", "572739a75951b619008f86f9": "inatory policies towards sedentary peoples such as the Chinese", "572739a75951b619008f86fa": "Pax Mongolica (Mongol Peace)", "57273b1a5951b619008f8709": "nomads and thus had no experience governing cities.", "57273b1a5951b619008f870a": "nomads and thus had no experience governing cities.", "57273b1a5951b619008f870b": "people", "57273b1a5951b619008f870c": "He also realised that such administrators could not be found among his Mongol people because they were nomads and thus had no experience governing cities.", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e2": "his generals, such as Muqali, Jebe and Subutai, and regarded them as close advisors, often extending them the same privileges", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e3": "He allowed them to make decisions on their own when they embarked on campaigns far from the Mongol Empire capital Karakorum.", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e4": "Muqali, a trusted lieutenant, was given command of the Mongol forces against the Jin dynasty", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e5": "absolute trust in his generals", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e6": "unwavering loyalty", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f6": "rivers", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f7": "new ideas, techniques and tools from the people they conquered, particularly in employing Muslim and Chinese siege engines and engineers to aid the Mongol cavalry", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f8": "retreat", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f9": "retreat", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fa": "Caspian Sea", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fb": "Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan. The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 1227", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fc": "Genghis Khan did not conquer all the areas ultimately part of the Mongol Empire.", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fd": "popular belief, Genghis Khan did not conquer all the areas ultimately part of the Mongol Empire.", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51e": "increased communication and trade", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51f": "Silk Road", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f520": "religions", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f521": "increased communication and trade", "5727404b708984140094db59": "the memory of Genghis Khan with the Mongolian national identity", "5727404b708984140094db5a": "the memory of Genghis Khan with the Mongolian national identity", "5727404b708984140094db5b": "the memory of Genghis Khan with the Mongolian national identity", "5727404b708984140094db5c": "the memory of Genghis Khan with the Mongolian national identity", "5727404b708984140094db5d": "the memory of Genghis Khan with the Mongolian national identity", "57274126dd62a815002e9a24": "Genghis Khan's name and likeness are endorsed on products, streets, buildings, and other places.", "57274126dd62a815002e9a25": "Genghis Khan's name and likeness are endorsed on products, streets, buildings, and other places. His face can be found on everyday commodities", "57274126dd62a815002e9a26": "Genghis Khan's name and likeness are endorsed on products, streets, buildings, and other places. His face can be found on everyday commodities", "57274126dd62a815002e9a27": "endorsed on products, streets, buildings", "57274126dd62a815002e9a28": "parliament", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63a": "traditional Mongolian script", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63b": "corruption", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63c": "prominent leaders in Mongolia's history.", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63d": "traditional Mongolian script", "57275250708984140094dc25": "conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People'", "57275250708984140094dc26": "5 million, almost twice the population of Mongolia.", "57275250708984140094dc27": "conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People'", "57275250708984140094dc28": "5 million, almost twice the population of Mongolia.", "57275250708984140094dc29": "conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People'", "572753af708984140094dc2f": "Steven", "572753af708984140094dc30": "Steven R. Ward", "572753af708984140094dc31": "Steven R. Ward wrote that \"Overall, the Mongol violence", "572754cd5951b619008f8863": "his forces were halted by the Mamluks of Egypt", "572754cd5951b619008f8864": "Egypt", "572754cd5951b619008f8865": "Egypt", "572754cd5951b619008f8866": "Hulagu Khan destroyed much of Iran's northern part and sacked Baghdad although his forces were halted by the Mamluks of Egypt", "572754cd5951b619008f8867": "Baghdad although his forces were halted by the Mamluks of Egypt", "572756715951b619008f8877": "the famous Mughal emperors were proud descendants of Genghis Khan and particularly Timur", "572756715951b619008f8878": "Genghis Khan and particularly Timur", "572756715951b619008f8879": "proud descendants of Genghis Khan and particularly Timur", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69a": "tenggis", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69b": "Lake Baikal", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69c": "tenggis, meaning \"ocean\", \"oceanic\" or \"wide-spreading\".", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69d": "tenggis, meaning \"ocean\", \"oceanic\" or \"wide-spreading\".", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69e": "tenggis, meaning \"ocean\", \"oceanic\" or \"wide-spreading\".", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b78": "\u010cingiz-khan), etc.", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b79": "variety of ways", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7a": "\u010cingiz-khan), etc.", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7b": "\u010cingiz-khan), etc.", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7c": "\u010cingiz-khan), etc.", "5726d8bd708984140094d35b": "the original Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison.", "5726d8bd708984140094d35c": "general medical advice", "5726d8bd708984140094d35d": "the original Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison.", "5726d8bd708984140094d35e": "the original Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison.", "5726d8bd708984140094d35f": "general medical advice", "5726d9935951b619008f7fed": "specialised", "5726d9935951b619008f7fee": "specialised", "5726d9935951b619008f7fef": "specialised", "5726d9935951b619008f7ff0": "specialised", "5726d9935951b619008f7ff1": "specialised", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b2": "the role of a PhT", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b3": "the role of a PhT", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b4": "the role of a PhT", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b5": "the role of a PhT", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b6": "the role of a PhT", "5726db5add62a815002e92d5": "medicinal properties", "5726db5add62a815002e92d6": "The Latin translation De Materia Medica (Concerning medical substances", "5726db5add62a815002e92d7": "medicinal properties", "5726db5add62a815002e92d4": "Diocles of Carystus (4th century BC) was one of several men studying the medicinal properties", "5726db5add62a815002e92d8": "medicinal properties", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9320": "the Asuka period (538\u2013710", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9321": "the pharmacist was even ranked above the two personal physicians", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9322": "Ranked positions in the pre-Heian Imperial court", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9323": "Ranked positions in the pre-Heian Imperial court", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9324": "two personal physicians", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee04": "The advances made in the Middle East in botany and chemistry led medicine in medieval Islam substantially to develop pharmacology.", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee05": "no less than 700 preparations, their properties, modes of action, and their indications.", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee06": "He devoted in fact a whole volume to simple drugs in The Canon of Medicine.", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee08": "The advances made in the Middle East in botany and chemistry led medicine in medieval Islam substantially to develop pharmacology.", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee07": "no less than 700 preparations, their properties, modes of action, and their indications.", "5726deed5951b619008f80c5": "in 1221 in the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, Italy, which now houses a perfume museum.", "5726deed5951b619008f80c6": "Franciscan monastery, opened in 1317; and in the Town Hall Square of Tallinn, Estonia, dating from at least 1422.", "5726deed5951b619008f80c7": "in 1221 in the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, Italy, which now houses a perfume museum.", "5726deed5951b619008f80c8": "a perfume museum.", "5726deed5951b619008f80c9": "the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, Italy, which now houses a perfume museum.", "5726e08e5951b619008f810f": "legislation", "5726e08e5951b619008f8110": "automation", "5726e08e5951b619008f8111": "automation", "5726e08e5951b619008f8112": "automation", "5726e08e5951b619008f8113": "the dispensary is subject to pharmacy legislation; with requirements for storage conditions, compulsory texts, equipment, etc., specified in legislation.", "5726e179dd62a815002e93ae": "more education and training after pharmacy school", "5726e179dd62a815002e93af": "clinical pharmacists", "5726e179dd62a815002e93b0": "practicing in hospitals", "5726e179dd62a815002e93b1": "hospitals", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb2": "larger range of medications, including more specialized medications, than would be feasible in the community setting.", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb3": "larger range of medications, including more specialized medications, than would be feasible in the community setting.", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb4": "high risk preparations", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb5": "Hospital pharmacies can often be found within the premises of the hospital.", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb6": "larger range of medications, including more specialized medications", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9404": "Clinical pharmacists care for patients in all health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics.", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9405": "Clinical pharmacists care for patients in all health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics.", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9406": "Clinical pharmacists care for patients in all health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics.", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9407": "interdisciplinary", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9408": "interdisciplinary", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cb": "comprehensive drug therapy plan for patient-specific problems", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cc": "comprehensive drug therapy plan for patient-specific problems", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cd": "comprehensive drug therapy plan for patient-specific problems", "5726e5c95951b619008f81ce": "comprehensive drug therapy plan for patient-specific problems", "5726e985dd62a815002e94da": "independent prescribing authority", "5726e985dd62a815002e94db": "collaborative prescriptive and diagnostic authority. In 2011 the board of Pharmaceutical Specialties", "5726e985dd62a815002e94dc": "the board of Pharmaceutical Specialties", "5726e985dd62a815002e94dd": "the board of Pharmaceutical Specialties", "5726e985dd62a815002e94de": "the board of Pharmaceutical Specialties", "5726ea985951b619008f8261": "Consultant pharmacists most typically work in nursing homes, but are increasingly branching into other institutions and non-institutional settings.", "5726ea985951b619008f8262": "Consultant pharmacists most typically work in nursing homes, but are increasingly branching into other institutions and non-institutional settings.", "5726ea985951b619008f8263": "consultant pharmacists were usually independent business owners, though in the United States many now work for several large pharmacy management companies", "5726ea985951b619008f8264": "Consultant pharmacists most typically work in nursing homes, but are increasingly branching into other institutions and non-institutional settings.", "5726ea985951b619008f8265": "Consultant pharmacists most typically work in nursing homes, but are increasingly branching into other institutions and non-institutional settings.", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826b": "year 2000", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826c": "community pharmacies", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826d": "community pharmacies", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826e": "2000", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826f": "Internet", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00c": "prescription drugs", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00d": "prescription drugs", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00e": "Internet pharmacies sell prescription drugs without requiring a prescription.", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00f": "prescription drugs", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f010": "prescription drugs", "5726edecdd62a815002e957e": "controlled substances", "5726edecdd62a815002e957f": "Internet pharmacies is the ease with which people, youth in particular, can obtain controlled substances (e.", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05e": "controlled substances", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05f": "Internet pharmacies is the ease with which people, youth in particular, can obtain controlled substances (e.g., Vicodin", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f060": "The filling pharmacy has a corresponding responsibility to ensure that the prescription is valid.", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f061": "Internet pharmacies is the ease with which people, youth in particular, can obtain controlled substances", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f062": "Internet pharmacies is the ease with which people, youth in particular, can obtain controlled substances (e.g., Vicodin", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f7": "Canada and other countries, in order to reduce consumer costs.", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f8": "Canada and other countries, in order to reduce consumer costs.", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f9": "international drug suppliers", "5726f0e35951b619008f82fa": "a push to legalize importation of medications from Canada and other countries, in order to reduce consumer costs.", "5726f0e35951b619008f82fb": "importation of medications from Canada and other countries, in order to reduce consumer costs.", "5726f2375951b619008f830f": "Pharmacy informaticists work in many practice areas of pharmacy, however, they may also work in information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor companies.", "5726f2375951b619008f8310": "information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor companies.", "5726f2375951b619008f8311": "major national and international patient information projects", "5726f2375951b619008f8312": "specialist domain, pharmacy informatics is growing quickly to meet the needs of major national and international patient information projects", "5726f2375951b619008f8313": "major national and international patient information projects", "5726f36cdd62a815002e95fe": "Specialty pharmacies", "5726f36cdd62a815002e95ff": "Specialty pharmacies", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9600": "chronic and complex disease states such as cancer, hepatitis, and rheumatoid arthritis.", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9601": "specialty pharmacies", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9602": "specialty pharmacies", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0da": "business", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0db": "business", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dc": "business", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dd": "business", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0de": "business", "5726f635dd62a815002e9657": "rural", "5726f635dd62a815002e9656": "rural", "5726f635dd62a815002e9658": "kilometres", "5726f635dd62a815002e9659": "kilometres", "5726f7715951b619008f838d": "interest", "5726f7715951b619008f838e": "conflict of interest", "5726f7715951b619008f838f": "absolute powers", "5726f7715951b619008f8391": "conflict of interest", "5726f7715951b619008f8390": "conflict of interest", "5726f868dd62a815002e9684": "dispensing medication, pharmacists are increasingly expected to be compensated for their patient care skills.", "5726f868dd62a815002e9685": "skills", "5726f868dd62a815002e9686": "dispensing medication, pharmacists are increasingly expected to be compensated for their patient care skills.", "5726f868dd62a815002e9687": "dispensing medication, pharmacists are increasingly expected to be compensated for their patient care skills", "5726f868dd62a815002e9688": "dispensing medication, pharmacists are increasingly expected to be compensated for their patient care skills.", "5726f96ddd62a815002e9698": "limited", "5726f96ddd62a815002e9699": "comprehensive Home Medicines Reviews.", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969a": "limited", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969b": "expanded services such as medications reviews (Medschecks", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969c": "comprehensive Home Medicines Reviews.", "5726fa525951b619008f83f7": "the mortar and pestle and the \u211e (recipere) character, which is often written as \"Rx\" in typed text. The show globe", "5726fa525951b619008f83f8": "show globe", "5726fa525951b619008f83f9": "The show globe", "5726fa525951b619008f83fa": "recipere) character, which is often written as \"Rx\" in typed text. The show globe", "5726fa525951b619008f83fb": "the mortar and pestle and the \u211e (recipere) character, which is often written as \"Rx\" in typed text. The show globe", "5726e65e708984140094d53d": "many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "5726e65e708984140094d53e": "The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "5726e65e708984140094d53f": "The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "5726e65e708984140094d540": "The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efda": "many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdb": "The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdc": "The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "5728eff82ca10214002daadc": "The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "5728eff82ca10214002daadd": "wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue.", "5728eff82ca10214002daade": "The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "5728eff82ca10214002daadf": "many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "572a14af3f37b319004786c1": "The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "572a14af3f37b319004786c3": "many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "572a14af3f37b319004786c2": "The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "572a14af3f37b319004786c4": "many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "5726eb785951b619008f8275": "multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens.", "5726eb785951b619008f8276": "multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens.", "5726eb785951b619008f8277": "multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens.", "5726eb785951b619008f8278": "multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens.", "572a135daf94a219006aa79f": "multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens.", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a0": "multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens.", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a1": "Adaptive", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a2": "multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens.", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe2": "recurring and life-threatening infections.", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe3": "recurring and life-threatening infections.", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe4": "recurring and life-threatening infections.", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe5": "recurring and life-threatening infections.", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe6": "recurring and life-threatening infections.", "5728f2e26aef051400154896": "less active", "5728f2e26aef051400154897": "recurring and life-threatening infections.", "5728f2e26aef051400154898": "recurring and life-threatening infections.", "5728f2e26aef051400154899": "recurring and life-threatening infections.", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f166": "Athens", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f167": "Athens", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f168": "Athens", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f169": "Athens", "5728f3724b864d1900165116": "Athens", "5728f3724b864d1900165117": "Athens", "5728f3724b864d1900165118": "yellow fever virus", "5728f3724b864d1900165119": "Athens", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16e": "physical", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16f": "physical barriers", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f170": "physical barriers", "5728f6446aef0514001548e4": "physical", "5728f6446aef0514001548e5": "physical barriers", "5728f6446aef0514001548e6": "physical", "5728f6446aef0514001548e7": "physical barriers", "5728f7774b864d190016512e": "non-self molecules are those recognized as foreign molecules.", "5728f7774b864d190016512f": "non-self molecules are those recognized as foreign molecules.", "5728f7774b864d1900165130": "non-self molecules", "5728f7774b864d1900165131": "non-self molecules are those recognized as foreign molecules. One class of non-self molecules are called antigens", "5728f7774b864d1900165132": "adaptive immunity depend on the ability of the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self molecules.", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5a": "The innate immune system", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5b": "The innate immune system", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5c": "conserved", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5d": "non-specific, meaning these systems respond to pathogens in a generic", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6a": "wax", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6b": "waxy cuticle", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6c": "wax", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6d": "mucus", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6e": "tears and urine", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec7": "The skin and respiratory tract secrete antimicrobial peptides such as the \u03b2-defensins", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec8": "Chemical barriers", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec9": "Chemical barriers", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9eca": "Chemical barriers", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ecb": "menarche, when they become slightly acidic", "5728fd206aef05140015494c": "competing with pathogenic bacteria", "5728fd206aef05140015494d": "fungi", "5728fd206aef05140015494e": "competing with pathogenic bacteria", "5728fd206aef05140015494f": "pH", "572900f73f37b31900477f69": "Inflammation is one of the first responses of the immune system to infection.", "572900f73f37b31900477f6a": "increased blood flow into tissue.", "572900f73f37b31900477f6b": "eicosanoids and cytokines, which are released by injured or infected cells", "572900f73f37b31900477f6c": "increased blood flow into tissue.", "572900f73f37b31900477f6d": "eicosanoids and cytokines, which are released by injured or infected cells", "572905ce1d04691400778f83": "Phagocytosis is an important feature of cellular innate immunity performed by cells called 'phagocytes", "572905ce1d04691400778f84": "Phagocytosis", "572905ce1d04691400778f85": "Phagocytosis", "572905ce1d04691400778f86": "Phagocytosis", "572905ce1d04691400778f87": "nutrients", "5729081d3f37b31900477fab": "pursuit of invading pathogens.", "5729081d3f37b31900477fac": "Neutrophils and macrophages are phagocytes that travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens.", "5729081d3f37b31900477fad": "50% to 60% of the total circulating leukocytes.", "5729081d3f37b31900477fae": "the bloodstream and are the most abundant type of phagocyte, normally representing 50% to 60% of the total circulating leukocytes.", "5729081d3f37b31900477faf": "Neutrophils and macrophages are phagocytes that travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens.", "572908c13f37b31900477fbd": "Innate cells are also important mediators in the activation of the adaptive immune system", "572908c13f37b31900477fbe": "Innate cells are also important mediators in the activation of the adaptive immune system", "572908c13f37b31900477fbf": "Innate cells are also important mediators in the activation of the adaptive immune system", "572908c13f37b31900477fc0": "Leukocytes (white blood cells) act like independent, single-celled organisms and are the second arm of the innate immune system.", "5729efab3f37b319004785cf": "Dendritic cells (DC) are phagocytes in tissues that are in contact with the external environment", "5729efab3f37b319004785d0": "ites", "5729efab3f37b319004785d1": "Dendritic cells serve as a link between the bodily tissues and the innate and adaptive immune systems", "5729efab3f37b319004785d2": "Dendritic cells serve as a link between the bodily tissues and the innate and adaptive immune systems", "5729f06f1d04691400779674": "missing self", "5729f06f1d04691400779673": "missing self", "5729f06f1d04691400779675": "missing self", "5729f06f1d04691400779676": "missing self", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e1": "memory cells", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e2": "specific \"non-self\" antigen", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e3": "adaptive immune system", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d3": "a \"self\" receptor called a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d4": "helper T cells and regulatory T cells only recognize antigens coupled to Class II MHC molecules", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d5": "helper T cells and regulatory T cells only recognize antigens coupled to Class II MHC molecules", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d6": "Class I MHC molecules", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d7": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells that recognize intact antigens that are not bound to MHC receptors", "5729f39a6aef05140015514c": "viruses", "5729f39a6aef05140015514e": "a co-receptor on the T cell, called CD8", "5729f39a6aef05140015514d": "a co-receptor on the T cell, called CD8", "5729f39a6aef051400155150": "viruses (and other pathogens), or are otherwise damaged or dysfunctional.", "5729f39a6aef05140015514f": "sub-group of T cells that kill cells that are infected with viruses (and other pathogens), or are otherwise damaged or dysfunctional.", "5729f4b41d0469140077968b": "Helper T cells have a weaker association with the MHC:antigen complex", "5729f4b41d0469140077968c": "the MHC:antigen complex", "5729f4b41d0469140077968d": "Helper T cells have a weaker association with the MHC:antigen complex", "5729f4b41d0469140077968e": "resting helper T cell", "5729f4b41d0469140077968f": "Helper T cells have a weaker association with the MHC:antigen complex", "5729f5a03f37b31900478605": "helper T cells", "5729f5a03f37b31900478606": "alternative T cell receptor", "5729f5a03f37b31900478607": "alternative T cell receptor", "5729f5a03f37b31900478608": "adaptive immunity as they rearrange TCR genes to produce receptor diversity", "5729f5a03f37b31900478609": "large numbers of human V\u03b39/V\u03b42 T cells respond within hours to common molecules produced by microbes", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6f9": "bacterial toxin", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fa": "proteolysis into peptides. The B cell then displays these antigenic peptides on its surface MHC class II molecules", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fb": "a matching helper T cell", "5729f799af94a219006aa707": "memory cells", "5729f799af94a219006aa708": "passive short-term memory", "5729f799af94a219006aa709": "passive short-term memory", "5729f799af94a219006aa70a": "passive", "5729f8516aef05140015516c": "no prior exposure to microbes", "5729f8516aef05140015516d": "gG", "5729f8516aef05140015516e": "Several layers of passive protection are provided by the mother.", "5729f8516aef05140015516f": "antibody", "5729f9953f37b3190047861f": "the sensitivity of the immune system.", "5729f9953f37b31900478620": "testosterone", "5729f9953f37b31900478621": "Some autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus", "5729f9953f37b31900478622": "Hormones can act as immunomodulators, altering the sensitivity of the immune system.", "5729fa40af94a219006aa70f": "NFIL3", "5729fa40af94a219006aa710": "deprivation", "5729fa40af94a219006aa711": "sleep deprivation", "5729fb003f37b31900478627": "decreasing vitamin D levels", "5729fb003f37b31900478628": "hormone levels with age", "5729fb003f37b31900478629": "decreasing vitamin D levels", "5729fb003f37b3190047862a": "hormone levels with age", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969d": "helper T cells", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969e": "molecules", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969f": "MHC class I molecules", "5729fc3d1d046914007796a0": "the complement system", "5729fd111d046914007796a5": "Systemic acquired resistance", "5729fd111d046914007796a6": "Systemic acquired resistance", "5729fd111d046914007796a7": "Systemic acquired resistance", "5729fd111d046914007796a8": "Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a type of defensive response used by plants that renders the entire plant resistant to a particular infectious agent", "5729fd111d046914007796a9": "systemic chemical signals", "5729fe5c3f37b3190047862f": "Overactive immune responses comprise the other end of immune dysfunction, particularly the autoimmune disorders", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478630": "Overactive immune responses comprise the other end of immune dysfunction, particularly the autoimmune disorders", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478631": "Overactive immune responses comprise the other end of immune dysfunction, particularly the autoimmune disorders", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478632": "Overactive immune responses comprise the other end of immune dysfunction, particularly the autoimmune disorders", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa739": "one or more of the components of the immune system are inactive.", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73a": "thymus", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73b": "50 years of age due to immunosenescence", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73c": "obesity", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73d": "poor immune function", "5729ffda1d046914007796af": "Active immunity can also be generated artificially, through vaccination.", "5729ffda1d046914007796b0": "activation of B and T cells. Active immunity can also be generated artificially, through vaccination.", "5729ffda1d046914007796b1": "Active immunity can also be generated artificially, through vaccination.", "5729ffda1d046914007796b2": "Active immunity can also be generated artificially, through vaccination.", "572a019f3f37b31900478643": "enzymes", "572a019f3f37b31900478644": "III secretion system", "572a019f3f37b31900478645": "III secretion system", "572a019f3f37b31900478646": "several methods that allow them to successfully infect a host, while evading detection or destruction by the immune system.", "572a02483f37b3190047864b": "Frank Burnet, inspired by a suggestion made by Niels Jerne", "572a02483f37b3190047864c": "self", "572a02483f37b3190047864d": "Frank Burnet, inspired by a suggestion made by Niels Jerne", "572a02483f37b3190047864e": "self/nonself", "572a03086aef0514001551a2": "Glucocorticoids", "572a03086aef0514001551a3": "inflammation", "572a03086aef0514001551a4": "central obesity", "572a03086aef0514001551a5": "cyclosporin", "572a04d51d046914007796cd": "in", "572a04d51d046914007796ce": "molecules", "572a04d51d046914007796cf": "in", "572a04d51d046914007796d0": "molecules", "572a058aaf94a219006aa751": "foreign pathogen, it extends a vitamin D receptor.", "572a058aaf94a219006aa752": "calcitriol", "572a058aaf94a219006aa753": "foreign pathogen", "572a058aaf94a219006aa754": "foreign pathogen", "572a058aaf94a219006aa755": "CYP27B1", "572a06af3f37b31900478667": "Pattern recognition receptors are proteins used by nearly all organisms to identify molecules associated with pathogens.", "572a06af3f37b31900478668": "defensins", "572a06af3f37b31900478669": "The complement system", "572a06af3f37b3190047866a": "Pattern recognition receptors are proteins used by nearly all organisms to identify molecules associated with pathogens.", "572a07fc6aef0514001551dc": "an ancestor of the jawed vertebrates.", "572a07fc6aef0514001551dd": "the lamprey", "572a07fc6aef0514001551de": "Variable", "572a07fc6aef0514001551df": "adaptive immune system occurred in an ancestor of the jawed vertebrates", "572a096e6aef0514001551e4": "Offensive", "572a096e6aef0514001551e5": "restriction modification system", "572a096e6aef0514001551e6": "the restriction modification system", "572a096e6aef0514001551e7": "Offensive", "572a0a686aef0514001551ec": "Many theories have been suggested in immunology from the end of the nineteenth century up to the present time.", "572a0a686aef0514001551ed": "cellular theory of immunity, represented in particular by Elie Metchnikoff", "572a0a686aef0514001551ee": "theoretical attitude.", "572a0a686aef0514001551ef": "an ongoing theoretical attitude.", "572a0a686aef0514001551f0": "cellular theory of immunity, represented in particular by Elie Metchnikoff", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f6": "the immune system", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f7": "reduced number of MHC class I molecules", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f8": "\u03b2", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f9": "\u03b2", "572a0bf96aef051400155204": "Hypersensitivity is an immune response that damages the body's own tissues.", "572a0bf96aef051400155205": "four classes (Type I \u2013 IV) based on the mechanisms involved and the time course of the hypersensitive reaction.", "572a0bf96aef051400155206": "four classes (Type I \u2013 IV) based on the mechanisms involved and the time course of the hypersensitive reaction.", "572a0bf96aef051400155207": "four classes (Type I \u2013 IV) based on the mechanisms involved and the time course of the hypersensitive reaction.", "572a0bf96aef051400155208": "four classes (Type I \u2013 IV) based on the mechanisms involved and the time course of the hypersensitive reaction.", "572a0ce11d046914007796fd": "complement", "572a0ce11d046914007796fe": "hide within the cells of their host (also called intracellular pathogenesis).", "572a0ce11d046914007796ff": "hide", "572a0ce11d04691400779700": "complement", "572a0ce11d04691400779701": "hide", "572a0e4b6aef051400155214": "concealed", "572a0e4b6aef051400155215": "Mask", "572a0e4b6aef051400155216": "non-essential epitopes (amino acids and/or sugars) on the surface of the pathogen, while keeping essential epitopes concealed", "572a0e4b6aef051400155217": "Masking antigens with host molecules", "572a0f073f37b3190047867f": "identify and eliminate tumors. This is called immune surveillance.", "572a0f073f37b31900478680": "presence causes immune cells to attack the transformed tumor cells.", "572a0f073f37b31900478681": "tyrosinase", "572a0f073f37b31900478682": "identify and eliminate tumors. This is called immune surveillance.", "572a0f073f37b31900478683": "e", "572a10cd6aef051400155222": "6000 Da", "572a10cd6aef051400155223": "hydro", "572a10cd6aef051400155224": "Larger drugs (>500 Da", "572a10cd6aef051400155225": "A publicly accessible database has been established for the cataloguing of epitopes from pathogens known to be recognizable by B cells", "572a10cd6aef051400155226": "6000 Da", "572a12386aef051400155234": "sleep and the intertwined circadian system have been shown to have strong regulatory effects on immunological functions affecting both the innate and the adaptive immunity.", "572a12386aef051400155235": "sleep and the intertwined circadian system have been shown to have strong regulatory effects on immunological functions affecting both the innate and the adaptive immunity.", "572a12386aef051400155236": "sleep and the intertwined circadian system have been shown to have strong regulatory effects on immunological functions affecting both the innate and the adaptive immunity.", "572a12386aef051400155237": "sleep and the intertwined circadian system have been shown to have strong regulatory effects on immunological functions affecting both the innate and the adaptive immunity.", "572a142e3f37b319004786b9": "rapid killing response. The speed of the response is a result of signal amplification that occurs following sequential proteolytic activation of complement molecules", "572a142e3f37b319004786bc": "rapid killing response. The speed of the response is a result of signal amplification that occurs following sequential proteolytic activation of complement molecules", "572a142e3f37b319004786ba": "rapid killing response. The speed of the response is a result of signal amplification that occurs following sequential proteolytic activation of complement molecules", "572a142e3f37b319004786bb": "rapid killing response. The speed of the response is a result of signal amplification that occurs following sequential proteolytic activation of complement molecules", "57271c235951b619008f860b": "Egyptians against the British occupation in the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience", "57271c235951b619008f860c": "Egyptians", "57271c235951b619008f860d": "Egyptians against the British occupation in the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience", "57271c235951b619008f860e": "Egyptians against the British occupation in the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience", "57271c235951b619008f860f": "Egyptians against the British occupation in the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience", "5728d4c03acd2414000dff9f": "Egyptians", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa0": "Egyptians", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa1": "Egyptians", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa2": "Egyptians", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa3": "Egyptians", "57271f125951b619008f8635": "Antigone", "57271f125951b619008f8636": "eon", "57271f125951b619008f8637": "eon", "57271f125951b619008f8638": "Antigone, in which Antigone, one of the daughters of former King of Thebes, Oedipus, defies Creon", "57271f125951b619008f8639": "les", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb3": "les", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb4": "les", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb5": "les", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb6": "eon", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb7": "les", "5727213c708984140094da35": "The Mask of Anarchy", "5727213c708984140094da36": "The Mask of Anarchy", "5727213c708984140094da38": "the Peterloo massacre of 1819, poet Percy Shelley wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy", "5727213c708984140094da39": "The Mask of Anarchy", "5727213c708984140094da37": "The Mask of Anarchy", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f18": "The Mask of Anarchy", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f19": "The Mask of Anarchy", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1a": "protest", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1c": "the Peterloo massacre of 1819, poet Percy Shelley wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1b": "The Mask of Anarchy", "572726c9708984140094da7b": "ambiguity", "572726c9708984140094da7e": "ambiguity", "572726c9708984140094da7c": "ambiguity", "572726c9708984140094da7d": "ambiguity", "5728d6f02ca10214002da90e": "ambiguity", "5728d6f02ca10214002da90f": "ambiguity", "5728d6f02ca10214002da910": "ambiguity", "5728d6f02ca10214002da911": "ambiguity", "5728d6f02ca10214002da912": "ambiguity", "572807802ca10214002d9bf8": "extremely difficult, if not impossible. In reviewing the voluminous literature on the subject, the student of civil disobedience", "572807802ca10214002d9bf9": "extremely difficult, if not impossible. In reviewing the voluminous literature on the subject, the student of civil disobedience", "572807802ca10214002d9bfa": "civil disobedience", "572807802ca10214002d9bfb": "semantical problems", "572807802ca10214002d9bfc": "civil disobedience", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4c": "extremely difficult, if not impossible. In reviewing the voluminous literature on the subject, the student of civil disobedience", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4d": "semantical problems", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4e": "semantical problems", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4f": "semantical problems", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f50": "semantical problems", "57280f974b864d1900164370": "Civil disobedience", "57280f974b864d1900164371": "Civil disobedience", "57280f974b864d1900164372": "Civil disobedience", "57280f974b864d1900164373": "Civil disobedience", "57280f974b864d1900164374": "Civil disobedience", "5728d9403acd2414000e001b": "Civil disobedience", "5728d9403acd2414000e001c": "Civil disobedience", "5728d9403acd2414000e001d": "Civil disobedience", "5728d9403acd2414000e001e": "Civil disobedience", "5728d9403acd2414000e001f": "Civil disobedience", "572812e74b864d19001643ce": "The individual is the final judge of right and wrong.", "572812e74b864d19001643cf": "The individual is the final judge of right and wrong.", "572812e74b864d19001643d0": "The individual is the final judge of right and wrong.", "572812e74b864d19001643d1": "The individual is the final judge of right and wrong.", "572812e74b864d19001643d2": "The individual is the final judge of right and wrong.", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005d": "individual is the final judge of right and wrong.", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005e": "The individual is the final judge of right and wrong.", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005f": "postman", "5728dafe3acd2414000e0060": "The individual is the final judge of right and wrong.", "5728dafe3acd2414000e0061": "The individual is the final judge of right and wrong.", "5728151b4b864d1900164428": "Brownlee", "5728151b4b864d1900164429": "disobedience", "5728151b4b864d190016442a": "entities", "5728151b4b864d190016442b": "Brownlee argues that disobedience", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0080": "entities", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0081": "law", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e007f": "Brownlee", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0083": "governmental entities", "572818f54b864d190016446c": "Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules", "572818f54b864d190016446d": "rules that conflict with morality, we might ask why disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience", "572818f54b864d190016446e": "Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules", "572818f54b864d190016446f": "Stephen Eilmann", "572818f54b864d1900164470": "Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d2": "Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d3": "Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d4": "Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d5": "Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d6": "Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules", "57281c594b864d19001644a2": "carefully chosen and legitimate means,\" but holds that they do not have to be non-violent.", "57281c594b864d19001644a3": "carefully chosen and legitimate means", "57281c594b864d19001644a4": "carefully chosen and legitimate means", "57281c594b864d19001644a5": "carefully chosen and legitimate means,\" but holds that they do not have to be non-violent.", "57281c594b864d19001644a6": "carefully chosen and legitimate means,\" but holds that they do not have to be non-violent.", "5728df634b864d1900164fe2": "carefully chosen and legitimate means", "5728df634b864d1900164fe3": "carefully chosen and legitimate means", "5728df634b864d1900164fe4": "carefully chosen and legitimate means", "5728df634b864d1900164fe6": "carefully chosen and legitimate means,\" but holds that they do not have to be non-violent.", "5728202c4b864d19001644ec": "Revolutionary civil disobedience is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government", "5728202c4b864d19001644ed": "Hungarians under Ferenc De\u00e1k directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government", "5728202c4b864d19001644ee": "Austrian government", "5728202c4b864d19001644ef": "Revolutionary civil disobedience is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government", "5728202c4b864d19001644f0": "Revolutionary civil disobedience", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00e9": "Revolutionary civil disobedience", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ea": "Revolutionary civil disobedience", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00eb": "Revolutionary civil disobedience", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ec": "Revolutionary civil disobedience is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ed": "Revolutionary civil disobedience", "572822233acd2414000df555": "solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "572822233acd2414000df556": "Unarmed Jews gathered in the streets to prevent the installation of pagan images", "572822233acd2414000df557": "solitary", "572822233acd2414000df558": "solitary", "572822233acd2414000df559": "solitary", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0131": "solitary", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0132": "solitary", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0133": "solitary", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0134": "solitary", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0135": "solitary", "572825a92ca10214002d9efe": "variety of different illegal acts.", "572825a92ca10214002d9eff": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts.", "572825a92ca10214002d9f00": "medicine", "572825a92ca10214002d9f01": "Luna", "572825a92ca10214002d9f02": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts.", "5728e5224b864d1900165032": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts.", "5728e5224b864d1900165033": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts.", "5728e5224b864d1900165034": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts.", "5728e5224b864d1900165035": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts.", "5728e5224b864d1900165036": "installation", "5728284e3acd2414000df5cd": "Threatening", "5728284e3acd2414000df5ce": "Threatening", "5728284e3acd2414000df5cf": "Threatening", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d0": "Filthy Words\" from a George Carlin comedy album", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d1": "Threatening", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0171": "Threatening", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0172": "Threatening", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0173": "Threatening", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0174": "Threatening", "57282dfb4b864d1900164668": "illegal boycotts, refusals to pay taxes", "57282dfb4b864d1900164669": "The Plowshares organization temporarily closed GCSB Waihopai", "57282dfb4b864d190016466a": "The Plowshares organization temporarily closed GCSB Waihopai", "57282dfb4b864d190016466b": "taxes", "57282dfb4b864d190016466c": "illegal boycotts, refusals to pay taxes", "5728e715ff5b5019007da914": "taxes", "5728e715ff5b5019007da916": "The Plowshares organization temporarily closed GCSB Waihopai", "5728e715ff5b5019007da917": "The Plowshares organization temporarily closed GCSB Waihopai", "5728e715ff5b5019007da918": "The Plowshares organization temporarily closed GCSB Waihopai", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6c": "police officers. It is generally agreed within the legal community, and is often believed within the activist community, that a suspect's talking to criminal investigators", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6d": "Many of the same decisions and principles that apply in other criminal investigations and arrests arise also in civil disobedience cases.", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6e": "Many of the same decisions and principles that apply in other criminal investigations and arrests arise also in civil disobedience cases.", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6f": "investigators", "5728e8212ca10214002daa70": "activist community, that a suspect's talking to criminal investigators", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c5": "Other civil disobedients who favor the", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c6": "social contract", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c7": "anarchists", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c8": "social contract", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c9": "social contract", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01d9": "plead guilty.", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01da": "An important decision for civil disobedients is whether or not to plead guilty.", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01db": "An important decision for civil disobedients is whether or not to plead guilty.", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dc": "An important decision for civil disobedients is whether or not to plead guilty.", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dd": "changing the unjust law. It has also been argued that either choice is compatible with the spirit of civil disobedience.", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650aa": "the Committee", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ab": "the Committee for Non-Violent Action sponsored a protest in August 1957, at the Camp Mercury", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ac": "the Committee for Non-Violent Action sponsored a protest in August 1957, at the Camp Mercury", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ad": "the Committee", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ae": "the Committee", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97c": "civil disobedience", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97d": "part of a rule connected with civil disobedience", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97e": "the notion that they must go to jail as part of a rule connected with civil disobedience", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97f": "civil disobedience", "5728eef92ca10214002daab0": "the Camden 28", "5728eef92ca10214002daab1": "the Camden 28", "5728eef92ca10214002daab2": "solidarity", "5728eef92ca10214002daab3": "the Camden 28", "5728eef92ca10214002daab4": "Camden 28", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e55": "defiant speech, or a speech explaining their actions, in allocution. In U.S.", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e56": "defiant speech, or a speech explaining their actions, in allocution. In U.S.", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e57": "Some civil disobedience defendants choose to make a defiant speech, or a speech explaining their actions, in allocution. In U.", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e58": "defiant speech, or a speech explaining their actions, in allocution. In U.S.", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e59": "defiant speech, or a speech explaining their actions, in allocution. In U.S.", "5728facd4b864d1900165170": "Steven Barkan", "5728facd4b864d1900165171": "political circumstances", "5728facd4b864d1900165172": "political circumstances", "5728facd4b864d1900165173": "political circumstances", "5728facd4b864d1900165174": "political circumstances", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef5": "disobedience", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef6": "disobedience", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef7": "disobedience", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef8": "disobedience", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef9": "disobedience", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f11": "existence of a particular law by breaking that law.", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f12": "existence of a particular law by breaking that law.", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f13": "direct civil disobedience involves protesting the existence of a particular law by breaking that law.", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f14": "The necessity defense has sometimes been used as a shadow defense by civil disobedient", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f15": "educational", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2b": "Brownlee", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2d": "Brownlee", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2e": "incapacitation and deterrence is a major goal of criminal punishment. Brownlee", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2f": "Brownlee", "57273a465951b619008f86ff": "six", "57273a465951b619008f8700": "similar items", "57273a465951b619008f8701": "six", "57273a465951b619008f8702": "manufacturing in that manufacturing typically involves mass production of similar items without a designated purchaser, while construction typically takes place on location for a known client.", "57273a465951b619008f8703": "six", "57273cca708984140094db33": "collaboration across multiple disciplines. An architect normally manages the job, and a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project manager supervises it.", "57273cca708984140094db34": "collaboration across multiple disciplines. An architect normally manages the job, and a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project manager supervises it.", "57273cca708984140094db35": "effective planning", "57273cca708984140094db36": "megaprojects", "57273cca708984140094db37": "collaboration across multiple disciplines. An architect normally manages the job, and a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project manager supervises it.", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4fe": "three", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4ff": "three", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f500": "three", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f501": "three", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f502": "three", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a02": "the construction industry.", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a03": "the construction industry.", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a04": "nine", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a05": "Engineering News-Record (ENR) is a trade magazine for the construction industry.", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0a": "The Standard Industrial Classification and the newer North American Industry Classification System have a classification system for companies that perform or otherwise engage in construction.", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0b": "Standard Industrial Classification and the newer North American Industry Classification System have a classification system for companies that perform or otherwise engage in construction.", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0c": "Standard Industrial Classification and the newer North American Industry Classification System have a classification system for companies that perform or otherwise engage in construction.", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0d": "The Standard Industrial Classification and the newer North American Industry Classification System have a classification system for companies that perform or otherwise engage in construction.", "57274046dd62a815002e9a12": "the owner of the property acts as laborer, paymaster, and design team for the entire project.", "57274046dd62a815002e9a13": "the owner of the property acts as laborer, paymaster, and design team for the entire project.", "57274046dd62a815002e9a14": "the owner of the property acts as laborer, paymaster, and design team for the entire project.", "57274046dd62a815002e9a15": "the owner of the property acts as laborer, paymaster, and design team for the entire project.", "57274046dd62a815002e9a16": "the owner of the property acts as laborer, paymaster, and design team for the entire project.", "572742bd5951b619008f8785": "local building authority", "572742bd5951b619008f8786": "local building authority", "572742bd5951b619008f8787": "waste", "572742bd5951b619008f8788": "local regulations", "572744aff1498d1400e8f588": "3D printing technology", "572744aff1498d1400e8f589": "3D printing technology", "572744aff1498d1400e8f58a": "Dutch architect Janjaap Ruijssenaars's performative architecture 3D-printed building is scheduled to be built in 2014", "572744aff1498d1400e8f58b": "Working versions of 3D-printing building technology", "572745c6708984140094db9a": "owner", "572745c6708984140094db99": "owner", "572745c6708984140094db9b": "owner", "572745c6708984140094db9c": "owner", "572745c6708984140094db9d": "owner", "57274e0d708984140094dbe5": "separated specialties, especially among large firms.", "57274e0d708984140094dbe6": "integration of previously separated specialties, especially among large firms.", "57274e0d708984140094dbe7": "integration of previously separated specialties, especially among large firms.", "57274e0d708984140094dbe8": "performance specification", "57274e975951b619008f87f9": "companies", "57274e975951b619008f87fa": "architects, interior designers, engineers and constructors", "57274e975951b619008f87fb": "growing beyond traditional offerings of design or construction services", "57274f67708984140094dbf5": "Fraud", "57274f67708984140094dbf6": "Fraud", "57274f67708984140094dbf7": "Fraud", "57274f67708984140094dbf8": "Fraud", "5727502f708984140094dc07": "banker", "5727502f708984140094dc08": "relatively", "5727502f708984140094dc09": "Accountants", "5727502f708984140094dc0b": "projects", "5727502f708984140094dc0a": "the work and materials involved to a proper valuation", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af0": "zoning and building code requirements. Constructing a project that fails to adhere to codes does not benefit the owner.", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af1": "zoning and building code requirements. Constructing a project that fails to adhere to codes", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af2": "zoning and building code requirements. Constructing a project that fails to adhere to codes does not benefit the owner.", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af3": "zoning and building code requirements. Constructing a project that fails to adhere to codes does not benefit the owner.", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af4": "attorney may seek changes or exemptions in the law", "572751b4708984140094dc1b": "A construction project is a complex net of contracts and other legal obligations, each of which all parties must carefully consider.", "572751b4708984140094dc1c": "obligations", "572751b4708984140094dc1d": "The time element in construction means that a delay costs money", "572751b4708984140094dc1e": "A construction project is a complex net of contracts and other legal obligations, each of which all parties must carefully consider.", "572751b4708984140094dc1f": "poorly drafted contracts", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0e": "relationship contracting", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0f": "Partnering", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b10": "relationship contracting", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b11": "co-operation is to ameliorate the many problems that arise from the often highly competitive and adversarial practices", "572753335951b619008f8853": "the architect or engineer", "572753335951b619008f8854": "the architect or engineer acts as the project coordinator. His or her role is to design the works", "572753335951b619008f8855": "This is the most common method of construction procurement and is well established and recognized.", "572753335951b619008f8856": "main contractor", "572753335951b619008f8857": "the most common method of construction procurement and is well established and recognized.", "57275411dd62a815002e9b30": "an overall view of the project's goals.", "57275411dd62a815002e9b31": "Several D&B contractors", "57275411dd62a815002e9b32": "Several D&B contractors present different ideas about how to accomplish these goals. The owner selects the ideas he or she likes best and hires the appropriate contractor", "57275411dd62a815002e9b33": "a list of requirements for a project", "57275411dd62a815002e9b34": "The owner selects the ideas he or she likes best and hires the appropriate contractor.", "572754fff1498d1400e8f660": "contractors are typically required to verify and have existing utility lines marked, either by the utilities", "572754fff1498d1400e8f661": "damage", "572754fff1498d1400e8f662": "the municipal building inspector", "572754fff1498d1400e8f663": "the municipal building inspector", "572754fff1498d1400e8f664": "the municipal building inspector inspects the building periodically to ensure that the construction adheres to the approved plans and the local building code.", "572755b7708984140094dc4d": "828,000 women were employed in the construction industry", "572755b7708984140094dc4e": "the Census Bureau, of which $680 billion", "572755b7708984140094dc4f": "667,000 firms employing 1 million contractors", "572755b7708984140094dc50": "2005", "572755b7708984140094dc51": "828,000 women were employed in the construction industry", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f674": "areas of particularly strong growth in the construction industry, such as the Middle East, yield higher average salaries than in the UK for example.", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f675": "areas of particularly strong growth in the construction industry, such as the Middle East, yield higher average salaries than in the UK for example.", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f676": "areas of particularly strong growth in the construction industry, such as the Middle East, yield higher average salaries than in the UK for example.", "572756fe708984140094dc71": "Falls", "572756fe708984140094dc72": "Falls", "572756fe708984140094dc73": "Falls", "572756fe708984140094dc74": "Falls", "572746addd62a815002e9a5e": "independent schools, non-governmental, or nonstate schools, are not administered by local, state or national governments; thus, they retain the", "572746addd62a815002e9a5f": "Private schools", "572746addd62a815002e9a60": "tuition, rather than relying on mandatory taxation through public (government)", "572746addd62a815002e9a61": "independent schools", "57274712708984140094dbad": "Private", "57274712708984140094dbae": "Private education in North America covers the whole gamut of educational activity, ranging from pre-school", "57274712708984140094dbaf": "Private education", "57274712708984140094dbb0": "Private education", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59a": "private secondary schools", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59b": "private secondary schools", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59c": "university-preparatory schools or \"prep schools\", boarding schools and day schools.", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59d": "location", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59e": "private secondary schools", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a4": "parochial schools", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a5": "parochial schools, a term which is often used to denote Roman Catholic schools. Other religious groups represented in the K-12 private education sector", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a6": "parochial", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a82": "co-education", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a83": "co-education", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a84": "co-education", "57274971708984140094dbbb": "large, long-established religious foundations", "57274971708984140094dbbc": "elite", "57274971708984140094dbbd": "elite", "57274971708984140094dbbe": "elite", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9a": "7, Paragraph 4", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9b": "Gleichschaltung", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9c": "This unusual protection of private schools was implemented to protect these schools from a second Gleichschaltung", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9d": "7", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9e": "7", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bc": "private individuals, private organizations", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bd": "government regulation.", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5be": "low tuition fees", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d4": "government regulation", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d5": "government regulation", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d6": "government regulation", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d7": "government regulation", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e4": "only receipt of financial aid", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e5": "the CBSE", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e6": "financial aid", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e7": "financial aid", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa4": "Critics of this system point out that this leads to corruption by school inspectors", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa5": "inspectors", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa6": "inspectors", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa7": "inspectors", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa8": "inspectors", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aae": "fees", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aaf": "fees", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab0": "fees", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab1": "private schools (Irish: scoil phr\u00edobh\u00e1ideach", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab2": "fees", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f6": "1957", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f7": "1957", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f8": "1957", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f9": "1957", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5fa": "National Type\" schools", "57274e145951b619008f87e7": "private individuals, private organizations and religious groups. The ones that accept government funds", "57274e145951b619008f87e8": "private parties", "57274e145951b619008f87e9": "Kathmandu", "57274e145951b619008f87ea": "English", "57274e145951b619008f87eb": "English", "57274eca5951b619008f87ff": "88 private schools in New Zealand, catering for around 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population.", "57274eca5951b619008f8800": "88 private schools in New Zealand, catering for around 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population.", "57274eca5951b619008f8801": "88 private schools in New Zealand, catering for around 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population.", "57274eca5951b619008f8802": "88 private schools in New Zealand, catering for around 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population.", "57274eca5951b619008f8803": "88 private schools in New Zealand, catering for around 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population.", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61e": "Private schools are often Anglican, such as King'", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61f": "Private schools are often Anglican, such as King'", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f620": "Private schools are often Anglican, such as King'", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f621": "Private schools are often Anglican, such as King'", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f622": "Private schools are often Anglican, such as King'", "5727500f708984140094dbfd": "the private sector", "5727500f708984140094dbfe": "private sector", "5727500f708984140094dbff": "the private sector", "5727500f708984140094dc00": "the private sector", "5727500f708984140094dc01": "private sector", "572750df5951b619008f882f": "The Education Service Contracting scheme", "572750df5951b619008f8830": "The Education Service Contracting scheme", "572750df5951b619008f8831": "The Education Service Contracting scheme", "5727515f708984140094dc11": "The South African Schools Act of 1996", "5727515f708984140094dc12": "1996", "5727515f708984140094dc13": "1996", "5727515f708984140094dc14": "private church schools that were established by missionaries in the early nineteenth century. The private sector has grown ever since.", "5727515f708984140094dc15": "private church schools that were established by missionaries", "57275409708984140094dc35": "semi-private\" form called Model C, and many of these schools changed their admissions policies to accept children of other races.", "57275409708984140094dc36": "semi-private\" form called Model C, and many of these schools changed their admissions policies to accept children of other races.", "57275409708984140094dc37": "semi-private\" form called Model C, and many of these schools changed their admissions policies to accept children of other races.", "572754dd708984140094dc3b": "municipal schools.", "572754dd708984140094dc3c": "Kunskapsskolan (\u201cThe Knowledge School\u201d)", "572754dd708984140094dc3d": "Kunskapsskolan", "572754dd708984140094dc3e": "Kunskapsskolan", "572754dd708984140094dc3f": "Kunskapsskolan", "572756265951b619008f886d": "13 years old to enter public schools.", "572756265951b619008f886e": "13 years old to enter public schools.", "572756265951b619008f886f": "Private schools generally prefer to be called independent schools", "572756265951b619008f8870": "Private schools generally prefer to be called independent schools", "572756265951b619008f8871": "Private schools generally prefer to be called independent schools", "572757bef1498d1400e8f690": "1954", "572757bef1498d1400e8f691": "1954", "572757bef1498d1400e8f692": "1954", "572757bef1498d1400e8f693": "1954", "572757bef1498d1400e8f694": "1954", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6ae": "Non-religious private schools", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6af": "Non-religious private schools", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b0": "Non-religious private schools", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b1": "Non-religious private schools", "572759665951b619008f8883": "1852", "572759665951b619008f8884": "Private schooling in the United States has been debated by educators, lawmakers and parents, since the beginnings of compulsory education in Massachusetts in 1852", "572759665951b619008f8885": "1976", "572759665951b619008f8886": "Private", "572759665951b619008f8887": "1976", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b94": "quality private schools in the United States charged substantial tuition, close to $40,000", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b95": "drives", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b96": "fundraising drives", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b97": "fundraising drives", "5727aa413acd2414000de921": "never formally affiliated with any denomination", "5727aa413acd2414000de922": "never formally affiliated with any denomination", "5727aa413acd2414000de923": "any denomination", "5727aa413acd2414000de924": "never formally affiliated with any denomination", "5727aa413acd2414000de925": "never formally affiliated with any denomination", "5727aeac3acd2414000de987": "eight U.S. presidents, several foreign heads of state, 62 living billionaires, 335 Rhodes Scholars, and 242 Marshall Scholars.", "5727aeac3acd2414000de988": "volumes", "5727aeac3acd2414000de989": "eight U.S. presidents, several foreign heads of state, 62 living billionaires, 335 Rhodes Scholars, and 242 Marshall Scholars.", "5727aeac3acd2414000de98a": "eight U.S. presidents, several foreign heads of state, 62 living billionaires, 335 Rhodes Scholars, and 242 Marshall Scholars.", "5727aeac3acd2414000de98b": "eight U.S. presidents, several foreign heads of state, 62 living billionaires, 335 Rhodes Scholars, and 242 Marshall Scholars.", "5727aec03acd2414000de991": "eleven", "5727aec03acd2414000de992": "eleven", "5727aec03acd2414000de993": "eleven", "5727aec03acd2414000de994": "eleven", "5727aec03acd2414000de995": "Yard", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c2": "New College", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c3": "6", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c4": "1638", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c5": "New College", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c6": "1650", "5727b0892ca10214002d93e8": "1643", "5727b0892ca10214002d93e9": "1643 publication said the school's purpose was \"to advance learning", "5727b0892ca10214002d93ea": "1643 publication said the school's purpose was \"to advance learning", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea99": "Hollis Professor of Divinity", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9a": "Enlightenment ideas of the power of reason", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9b": "Hollis Professor of Divinity David Tappan", "5727c0402ca10214002d9564": "Louis Agassiz", "5727c0402ca10214002d9565": "intuition and the assumption that a person can grasp the \"divine plan\" in all phenomena.", "5727c0402ca10214002d9566": "Scottish", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95ba": "Charles W. Eliot", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bb": "a desire to secularize education, but by Transcendentalist Unitarian convictions", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bc": "Charles W. Eliot, president 1869\u20131909, eliminated the favored position of Christianity from the curriculum while opening it to student self-direction.", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94ce": "James Bryant Conant (president, 1933\u20131953", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94cf": "James Bryant Conant (president, 1933\u20131953", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94d0": "James Bryant Conant (president, 1933\u20131953", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec13": "1977", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec14": "1977", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec15": "1977", "5727c8863acd2414000dec49": "the State House in downtown Boston, and extends into the surrounding Harvard Square neighborhood.", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4a": "Quadrangle", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4b": "twelve residential Houses, nine of which are south of Harvard Yard along or near the Charles River", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4c": "the Quadrangle (commonly referred to as the Quad", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9576": "Business School", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9577": "John W. Weeks", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9578": "Business School", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d72": "fifty percent more land in Allston than in Cambridge.", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d73": "w", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d74": "w", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f0": "1875", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f1": "1875", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f2": "1875", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f3": "1875", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f4": "1875", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c4": "2008 recession", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c5": "the largest university endowment in the world.", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c6": "2008 recession", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c7": "2008 recession", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c8": "159", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded13": "late 1980s", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded14": "activists", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded15": "the university did eventually reduce its South African holdings", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded3f": "2007", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded40": "2007", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded41": "2007", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded42": "2007", "5727d3843acd2414000ded69": "seven", "5727d3843acd2414000ded6a": "eight", "5727d3843acd2414000ded6b": "eight", "5727d4922ca10214002d977c": "four half-courses per term and must maintain a four-course rate average to be considered full-time.", "5727d4922ca10214002d977d": "four half-courses per term and must maintain a four-course rate average to be considered full-time.", "5727d4922ca10214002d977e": "early September and ending in mid-May.", "5727d4922ca10214002d977f": "Latin honors from 90% in 2004", "5727d6154b864d1900163e34": "2007", "5727d6154b864d1900163e35": "2007", "5727d6154b864d1900163e36": "incomes", "5727d6154b864d1900163e37": "38,000, with a total cost of attendance of $57,000.", "5727d6154b864d1900163e38": "loans", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969a": "Widener Library in Harvard Yard and comprises nearly 80 individual libraries holding over 18 million volumes.", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969c": "Widener Library in Harvard Yard and comprises nearly 80 individual libraries holding over 18 million volumes.", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969d": "Widener Library in Harvard Yard and comprises nearly 80 individual libraries holding over 18 million volumes.", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969b": "Widener Library in Harvard Yard and comprises nearly 80 individual libraries holding over 18 million volumes.", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5e": "Busch-Reisinger Museum, formerly the Germanic Museum, covers central and northern European art, and the Fogg", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5f": "Busch", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e60": "ler", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee17": "2003", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee18": "2003, and the THE World Reputation Rankings since 2011, when the first time such league tables were published.", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee19": "many university rankings.", "5727da564b864d1900163e8e": "Yale University culminating in The Game, although the Harvard\u2013Yale Regatta predates the football game. This rivalry, though,", "5727da564b864d1900163e8f": "Yale University culminating in The Game, although the Harvard\u2013Yale Regatta predates the football game. This rivalry, though,", "5727da564b864d1900163e90": "intense athletic rivalry with Yale University culminating in The Game, although the Harvard\u2013Yale Regatta predates the football game. This rivalry, though,", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fc": "annual football meeting, which dates back to 1875 and is usually called simply \"The Game\".", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fd": "Yale", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fe": "legalizing the forward pass", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96ff": "annual football meeting, which dates back to 1875 and is usually called simply \"The Game\".", "5727dc473acd2414000dee43": "Lavietes Pavilion", "5727dc473acd2414000dee44": "Lavietes Pavilion", "5727dc473acd2414000dee45": "Lavietes Pavilion", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163eba": "23 years, the Harvard-Yale Regatta", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebb": "June", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebc": "23 years, the Harvard-Yale Regatta", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebd": "23 years, the Harvard-Yale Regatta", "5727de862ca10214002d9860": ".", "5727de862ca10214002d9861": ".", "5727de862ca10214002d9862": "Ki-moon; American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin D.", "5727de862ca10214002d9863": ".", "5727e0474b864d1900163f08": "Charlie Albright; composer John Alden Carpenter; comedian, television show host and writer Conan O'", "5727e0474b864d1900163f09": "Charlie Albright; composer John Alden Carpenter; comedian, television show host and writer Conan O'", "5727e0474b864d1900163f0a": "poets Wallace Stevens, T. S.", "5727e0474b864d1900163f0b": "Charlie Albright; composer John Alden Carpenter; comedian, television show host and writer Conan O'", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f34": "Lisa Randall and Roy Glauber, chemists Elias Corey, Dudley R. Herschbach and George M.", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f35": "E. O. Wilson, cognitive scientist Steven Pinker, physicists Lisa Randall and Roy Glauber, chemists Elias Corey, Dudley R.", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f36": "computer scientists Michael O.", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954a": "Jacksonville", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954b": "the largest city by population in the U.S. state of Florida, and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States.", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954c": "the largest city by population in the U.S. state of Florida, and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States.", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954d": "the largest city by population in the U.S. state of Florida, and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States.", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954e": "Consolidation", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9676": "the St. Johns River", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9677": "The Jacksonville Beaches communities are along the adjacent Atlantic coast.", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9678": "the Timucua people, and in 1564 was the site of the French colony of Fort Caroline", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9679": "the Timucua people", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d967a": "The area was originally inhabited by the Timucua", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958e": "improvements", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958f": "improvements", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9590": "improvements", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9591": "improvements", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bec": "pottery", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bed": "Black Hammock Island in the national Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve, a University of North Florida team discovered some of the oldest remnants of pottery", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bee": "Black Hammock Island in the national Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve, a University of North Florida team discovered some of the oldest remnants of pottery", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bef": "pottery", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bf0": "pottery", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c26": "May because he discovered it in May. Ribault erected a stone column near present-day Jacksonville", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c27": "stone column", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c28": "May because he discovered it in May. Ribault erected a stone column near present-day Jacksonville claiming the newly discovered land for France.", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c29": "Jacksonville", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c2a": "Caroline", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d06": "narrow", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d07": "Cow Ford", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d08": "Seminole", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d09": "narrow", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d0a": "Cow Ford", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c76": "no", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c77": "no battles were fought in Jacksonville proper, the city changed hands several times between Union and Confederate forces. The Skirmish of the Brick Church", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c78": "Clinch.", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c79": "the Brick Church", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c7a": "a Confederate cavalry confronted a Union expedition", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbc": "steamboat", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbd": "steamboat", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbe": "yellow fever", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbf": "steamboat and later by railroad.", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cc0": "steamboat", "5728170d3acd2414000df443": "Spanish moss", "5728170d3acd2414000df444": "Spanish moss", "5728170d3acd2414000df445": "Spanish moss", "5728170d3acd2414000df446": "Spanish moss", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d44": "warm", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d45": "warm", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d46": "warm", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d47": "warm", "57281ab63acd2414000df493": "highways", "57281ab63acd2414000df494": "negative effects of rapid urban sprawl", "57281ab63acd2414000df495": "negative effects of rapid urban sprawl", "57281ab63acd2414000df496": "the government of the city of Jacksonville", "57281ab63acd2414000df497": "negative effects of rapid urban sprawl", "57281bb84b864d190016449a": "1958", "57281bb84b864d190016449b": "1958", "57281bb84b864d190016449c": "1958", "57281bb84b864d190016449d": "1958", "57281d494b864d19001644be": "J. J. Daniel", "57281d494b864d19001644bf": "J. J. Daniel", "57281d494b864d19001644c0": "J. J. Daniel and Claude Yates", "57281d494b864d19001644c1": "J. J. Daniel", "57281edd3acd2414000df4eb": "On October 1, 1968, the governments merged to create the Consolidated City of Jacksonville", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ec": "On October 1, 1968", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ed": "On October 1, 1968, the governments merged to create the Consolidated City of Jacksonville", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ee": "On October 1, 1968", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ef": "On October 1, 1968, the governments merged to create the Consolidated City of Jacksonville", "572820512ca10214002d9e72": "Baldwin", "572820512ca10214002d9e73": "Baldwin", "572820512ca10214002d9e74": "Baldwin", "572820512ca10214002d9e75": "Baldwin", "572820512ca10214002d9e76": "Baldwin", "572821274b864d1900164510": "1990", "572821274b864d1900164511": "1990", "572821274b864d1900164512": "1990", "572821274b864d1900164513": "the Independent Life and Accident Insurance Company", "572821274b864d1900164514": "flared", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc4": "Seasonal rainfall is concentrated in the warmest months from May through September, while the driest months are from November through April.", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc5": "Seasonal rainfall is concentrated in the warmest months from May through September, while the driest months are from November through April.", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc6": "mild", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc7": "low", "57282358ff5b5019007d9dde": "rapid heating of the land", "57282358ff5b5019007d9ddf": "rapid heating of the land", "57282358ff5b5019007d9de0": "rapid heating of the land", "57282358ff5b5019007d9de1": "rapid heating of the land", "572824f13acd2414000df58f": "Dora", "572824f13acd2414000df590": "1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane conditions", "572824f13acd2414000df591": "1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane conditions", "572824f13acd2414000df592": "1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane conditions", "572824f13acd2414000df593": "1871", "572826634b864d19001645be": "Arab", "572826634b864d19001645bf": "Filipino", "572826634b864d19001645c0": "Arab", "572826634b864d19001645c1": "Filipino community served in or has ties to the United States Navy", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bb": "2010[update], there were 366,273 households out of which 11.8% were vacant.", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bc": "2010[update], there were 366,273 households out of which 11.8% were vacant.", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bd": "2010[update], there were 366,273 households out of which 11.8% were vacant.", "572827fc3acd2414000df5be": "2010", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ee": "Credit Suisse", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ef": "sse", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f0": "accelerating disparity could trigger a recession", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f1": "Credit Suisse", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f2": "debt", "5729d36b1d04691400779607": "sse", "5729d36b1d04691400779608": "sse", "5729d36b1d04691400779609": "sse", "5729d36b1d0469140077960a": "Credit Suisse", "5729d36b1d0469140077960b": "Credit Suisse", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc0": "Inherited wealth", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc1": "PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans \"have more wealth than half of all Americans combined.", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc2": "Inherited wealth", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc3": "PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans \"have more wealth than half of all Americans combined.", "5729d44b1d04691400779611": "PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans \"have more wealth than half of all Americans combined.", "5729d44b1d04691400779612": "1 percent in the United States now own more wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779613": "Inherited wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779614": "substantial privilege", "5729d44b1d04691400779615": "the", "5727e9523acd2414000def95": "Neoclassical economics", "5727e9523acd2414000def96": "Neoclassical economics", "5727e9523acd2414000def97": "economics", "5727e9523acd2414000def98": "Neoclassical economics", "5727e9523acd2414000def99": "marginal", "5729d51d3f37b3190047858f": "market economy", "5729d51d3f37b31900478590": "Neoclassical economics", "5729d51d3f37b31900478591": "Neoclassical economics", "5729d51d3f37b31900478592": "marginal", "5729d51d3f37b31900478593": "Neoclassical economics", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986e": "competitive", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986f": "capital equipment", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9870": "capital equipment", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9871": "competitive pressure", "5729d609af94a219006aa661": "competitive pressure", "5729d609af94a219006aa662": "competitive pressure", "5729d609af94a219006aa663": "organic", "5729d609af94a219006aa664": "competitive pressure", "5729d609af94a219006aa665": "capital equipment", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b6": "skill", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b7": "skill", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b8": "skill", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b9": "skill", "5727ec062ca10214002d99ba": "skill", "5729d878af94a219006aa66b": "skill", "5729d878af94a219006aa66c": "skill", "5729d878af94a219006aa66d": "market price of skill", "5729d878af94a219006aa66e": "markets can also concentrate wealth", "5729d878af94a219006aa66f": "skill", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df001": "Competition", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df002": "competition between workers drives down the wage. An example of this would be jobs such as dish-washing or customer service", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df003": "competition", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df004": "competition between workers drives down the wage. An example of this would be jobs such as dish-washing or customer service", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df005": "competition between workers drives down the wage. An example of this would be jobs such as dish-washing or customer service", "5729da0faf94a219006aa675": "competition between workers drives down the wage. An example of this would be jobs such as dish-washing or customer service", "5729da0faf94a219006aa676": "Competition", "5729da0faf94a219006aa677": "competition", "5729da0faf94a219006aa678": "Competition", "5729da0faf94a219006aa679": "Competition", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ec": "necessity", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ed": "necessity", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ee": "survival needs such as income", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ef": "necessity", "5727ee372ca10214002d99f0": "necessity", "5729de24af94a219006aa689": "necessity", "5729de24af94a219006aa68a": "necessity", "5729de24af94a219006aa68b": "Necessity-based entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs such as income for food and shelter", "5729de24af94a219006aa68c": "necessity", "5729de24af94a219006aa68d": "necessity", "5727ef664b864d1900164060": "progressive", "5727ef664b864d1900164061": "progressive", "5727ef664b864d1900164062": "progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases.", "5727ef664b864d1900164063": "progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases.", "5729e02f1d04691400779639": "progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount", "5729e02f1d0469140077963a": "progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases.", "5729e02f1d0469140077963b": "progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases.", "5729e02f1d0469140077963c": "progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases.", "5727f05b4b864d1900164068": "variation in individuals' access to education. Education", "5727f05b4b864d1900164069": "variation", "5727f05b4b864d190016406a": "inequality", "5727f05b4b864d190016406b": "variation", "5727f05b4b864d190016406c": "education", "5729e1101d04691400779641": "variation in individuals' access to education", "5729e1101d04691400779642": "variation in individuals' access to education. Education", "5729e1101d04691400779643": "variation", "5729e1101d04691400779644": "lower incomes", "5729e1101d04691400779645": "variation in individuals' access to education", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05b": "education", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05c": "increasing access to education", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05d": "widening disparity between the U.S.'s wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery from the 2008-2009 recession", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05e": "widening disparity between the U.S.'s wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery from the 2008-2009 recession", "5729e1e36aef0514001550ba": "increasing access to education", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bb": "widening disparity between the U.S.'s wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery from the 2008-2009 recession", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bc": "increasing access to education", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bd": "wealth gap and the resulting slow growth, S&P recommended increasing access to education", "5729e1e36aef0514001550be": "widening disparity between the U.S.'s wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery from the 2008-2009 recession", "5727f2714b864d1900164072": "1940", "5727f2714b864d1900164073": "1910\u20131940", "5727f2714b864d1900164074": "1910\u20131940", "5727f2714b864d1900164075": "1910\u20131940, there was an increase in skilled workers, which led to a decrease in the price of skilled labor.", "5727f2714b864d1900164076": "skilled workers, which led to a decrease in the price of skilled labor.", "5729e2b76aef0514001550ce": "1940", "5729e2b76aef0514001550cf": "decrease in the price of skilled labor", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d0": "1910\u20131940, there was an increase in skilled workers", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d1": "Education", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d2": "1910\u20131940, there was an increase in skilled workers, which led to a decrease in the price of skilled labor.", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e7": "2006) of the CEPR point to economic liberalism", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e8": "business regulation", "5727f6723acd2414000df0ea": "2006) of the CEPR point to economic liberalism", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e9": "economic liberalism", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69d": "business regulation along with the decline of union membership", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69e": "2006) of the CEPR point to economic liberalism", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69f": "2006) of the CEPR point to economic liberalism", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a0": "2006) of the CEPR point to economic liberalism", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a1": "2006) of the CEPR point to economic liberalism", "5727f7523acd2414000df10d": "Jake Rosenfield of the University of Washington asserts that the decline of organized labor", "5727f7523acd2414000df10e": "Jake Rosenfield of the University of Washington asserts that the decline of organized labor", "5727f7523acd2414000df10f": "Jake Rosenfield of the University of Washington asserts that the decline of organized labor", "5727f7523acd2414000df110": "Jake Rosenfield of the University of Washington asserts that the decline of organized labor", "5729e4291d04691400779651": "the decline of organized labor", "5729e4291d04691400779652": "the decline of organized labor", "5729e4291d04691400779653": "Jake Rosenfield of the University of Washington asserts that the decline of organized labor", "5729e4291d04691400779654": "Jake Rosenfield of the University of Washington asserts that the decline of organized labor", "5729e4291d04691400779655": "weak labor movements", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a18": "trade liberalisation", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a19": "trade liberalisation", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1a": "trade liberalisation", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1b": "Trade liberalization", "5729f1283f37b319004785d7": "Trade liberalization may shift economic inequality from a global to a domestic scale.", "5729f1283f37b319004785d8": "increased wages. Trade economist Paul Krugman estimates that trade liberalisation", "5729f1283f37b319004785d9": "trade liberalisation", "5729f1283f37b319004785da": "minor when compared to other causes, such as technological innovation", "5729f1283f37b319004785db": "Trade liberalization", "5727fd123acd2414000df185": "discrimination", "5727fd123acd2414000df186": "Botswana", "5727fd123acd2414000df187": "discrimination", "5727fd123acd2414000df188": "discrimination", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e7": "discrimination", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e8": "Botswana", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e9": "discrimination", "5729f1c13f37b319004785ea": "Thomas", "5729f1c13f37b319004785eb": "Botswana", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ab": "social welfare programs", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ac": "economic inequality are in large part the result of stages of development.", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ad": "economic inequality", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ae": "economic inequality are in large part the result of stages of development.", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6dd": "economic inequality", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6de": "economic inequality", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6df": "economic inequality", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e0": "economic inequality", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e1": "social welfare programs", "57287b322ca10214002da3be": "sectional data", "57287b322ca10214002da3bf": "sectional data", "57287b322ca10214002da3c0": "sectional data", "57287b322ca10214002da3c1": "sectional data", "5729f3883f37b319004785f1": "sectional data", "5729f3883f37b319004785f2": "sectional data", "5729f3883f37b319004785f3": "sectional data", "5729f3883f37b319004785f4": "sectional data", "5729f3883f37b319004785f5": "sectional data", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26c": "new sources of creating wealth or to otherwise leverage the accumulation of wealth, thus are the beneficiaries of the new wealth.", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26d": "certain conditions, newly created wealth concentrates in the possession of already-wealthy individuals or entities. According to this theory, those who already hold wealth", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26e": "new sources of creating wealth or to otherwise leverage the accumulation of wealth, thus are the beneficiaries of the new wealth.", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26f": "new sources of creating wealth or to otherwise leverage the accumulation of wealth, thus are the beneficiaries of the new wealth.", "5729f4273f37b319004785fb": "new sources of creating wealth or to otherwise leverage the accumulation of wealth, thus are the beneficiaries of the new wealth.", "5729f4273f37b319004785fc": "new sources of creating wealth or to otherwise leverage the accumulation of wealth, thus are the beneficiaries of the new wealth.", "5729f4273f37b319004785fd": "ation", "5729f4273f37b319004785fe": "new sources of creating wealth or to otherwise leverage the accumulation of wealth, thus are the beneficiaries of the new wealth.", "5729f4273f37b319004785ff": "new sources of creating wealth or to otherwise leverage the accumulation of wealth, thus are the beneficiaries of the new wealth.", "5729f4e46aef051400155157": "market forces", "5729f4e46aef051400155156": "market forces", "5729f4e46aef051400155158": "rare and desired skills", "5729f4e46aef051400155159": "political power generated by wealth by certain groups", "5729f4e46aef05140015515a": "market forces", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6ef": "higher rates of health and social problems", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f0": "economic growth when human capital", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f1": "higher rates of health and social problems", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f2": "higher rates of health and social problems", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f3": "higher rates of health and social problems", "572a05eb3f37b31900478653": "rising inequality", "572a05eb3f37b31900478654": "rising inequality", "572a05eb3f37b31900478655": "Increasing", "572a05eb3f37b31900478656": "rising inequality", "572a05eb3f37b31900478657": "rising inequality in the United States and elsewhere is the most important problem. Increasing inequality harms economic growth. High and persistent unemployment", "572a06866aef0514001551be": "higher rates of health and social problems", "572a06866aef0514001551bf": "obesity", "572a06866aef0514001551c0": "British researchers Richard G. Wilkinson and Kate Pickett have found higher rates of health and social problems", "572a06866aef0514001551c2": "Richard G. Wilkinson", "572a06866aef0514001551c1": "obesity", "572a070c6aef0514001551c8": "full", "572a070c6aef0514001551c9": "better health and longer lives. This pattern of higher incomes-longer lives", "572a070c6aef0514001551ca": "better health and longer lives. This pattern of higher incomes-longer lives still holds among poorer countries, where life expectancy increases rapidly as per capita income", "572a070c6aef0514001551cb": "better", "572a070c6aef0514001551cc": "middle income countries and plateaued among the richest thirty or so countries in the world.", "572a07a86aef0514001551d2": "income inequality", "572a07a86aef0514001551d3": "inequality", "572a07a86aef0514001551d4": "income inequality", "572a07a86aef0514001551d5": "income inequality", "572a07a86aef0514001551d6": "UNICEF", "572a0a391d046914007796df": "inequality", "572a0a391d046914007796e0": "income differences are larger.", "572a0a391d046914007796e1": "income", "572a0a391d046914007796e3": "inequality", "572a0a391d046914007796e2": "inequality", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa765": "reduced \"distributive efficiency", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa766": "economic inequality", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa767": "reduced \"distributive efficiency", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa768": "reduced \"distributive efficiency", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa769": "higher aggregate utility", "572a0c541d046914007796f3": "Will Wilkinson", "572a0c541d046914007796f4": "Will Wilkinson", "572a0c541d046914007796f5": "Will Wilkinson", "572a0c541d046914007796f6": "Will Wilkinson", "572a0c541d046914007796f7": "Will Wilkinson", "572a0d21af94a219006aa783": "crisis", "572a0d21af94a219006aa784": "economic", "572a0d21af94a219006aa785": "crisis", "572a0d21af94a219006aa786": "declining purchasing power", "572a0d21af94a219006aa787": "monetary stimulation", "572a0e0e1d04691400779707": "inequality in wealth and income is negatively correlated with the duration of economic growth spells (not the rate of growth). High levels of inequality", "572a0e0e1d04691400779708": "economic prosperity", "572a0e0e1d04691400779709": "High levels of inequality prevent not just economic prosperity", "572a0e0e1d0469140077970a": "higher GDP growth", "572a0e0e1d0469140077970b": "inequality in wealth and income is negatively correlated with the duration of economic growth spells (not the rate of growth). High levels of inequality", "572a0ecb1d04691400779717": "increasing inequality", "572a0ecb1d04691400779718": "increasing inequality harms economic growth. High and persistent unemployment", "572a0ecb1d04691400779719": "increasing", "572a0ecb1d0469140077971a": "increasing inequality", "572a0ecb1d0469140077971b": "increasing inequality", "572a1046af94a219006aa78d": "income inequality", "572a1046af94a219006aa78e": "limiting aggregate demand.", "572a1046af94a219006aa78f": "income inequality", "572a1046af94a219006aa790": "inequality", "572a1046af94a219006aa791": "widespread education", "572a11663f37b31900478693": "1996", "572a11663f37b31900478694": "1996", "572a11663f37b31900478695": "1996", "572a11663f37b31900478696": "1996", "572a11663f37b31900478697": "very unequal societies tend to be politically and socially unstable", "572a12381d0469140077972d": "high levels of inequality", "572a12381d0469140077972e": "high levels of inequality", "572a12381d0469140077972c": "high levels of inequality reduce growth in relatively poor countries but encourage growth in richer countries.", "572a12381d0469140077972b": "Harvard economist Robert Barro, found that there is \"little overall relation between income inequality and rates of growth and investment\".", "572a12381d0469140077972f": "1960 and 2000", "572a13841d0469140077973b": "the Kuznets curve hypothesis", "572a13841d0469140077973c": "economic development, inequality", "572a13841d0469140077973d": "magical\" Kuznets curve hypothesis, with its emphasis on the balancing of economic growth", "572a13841d0469140077973e": "economic growth", "572a13841d0469140077973f": "wars", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7df": "1955 review, savings by the wealthy", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e0": "1955 review, savings by the wealthy", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e1": "increased income inequality", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e2": "Some theories developed in the 1970s established possible avenues through which inequality may have a positive effect on economic development.", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e3": "increased income inequality", "572a1a5c6aef051400155284": "economic growth", "572a1a5c6aef051400155285": "economic growth on poverty reduction \u2013 the growth elasticity of poverty \u2013 can depend on the existing level of inequality", "572a1a5c6aef051400155286": "economic growth", "572a1a5c6aef051400155287": "economic growth", "572a1a5c6aef051400155288": "economic growth", "572a1ba46aef05140015528e": "informal form through various associations and other arrangements.", "572a1ba46aef05140015528f": "informal", "572a1ba46aef051400155290": "extra-legal ownership include excessive bureaucratic red tape", "572a1ba46aef051400155291": "200 steps and up to 14 years to build on government land", "572a1ba46aef051400155292": "200 steps and up to 14 years to build on government land", "572a1c943f37b319004786e1": "affordable housing \u2013 at least in the US \u2013 is caused in part by income inequality", "572a1c943f37b319004786e2": "quality rental units", "572a1c943f37b319004786e3": "1984 and 1991, the number of quality rental units", "572a1c943f37b319004786e4": "income inequality", "572a1c943f37b319004786e5": "rising prices", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f5": "debt", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f6": "debt", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f7": "debt", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f8": "middle income earners aspiring to achieve the standards of living enjoyed by their wealthier counterparts and one method of achieving this aspiration is by taking on debt", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f9": "middle income earners aspiring to achieve the standards of living enjoyed by their wealthier counterparts and one method of achieving this aspiration is by taking on debt", "572a1f086aef0514001552c0": "great economic inequality", "572a1f086aef0514001552c1": "economic inequality", "572a1f086aef0514001552c2": "the Environmental Kuznets Curve", "572a1f086aef0514001552c3": "the Environmental Kuznets Curve", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d0": "income", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d1": "socialists", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d2": "income in the form of a wage or salary", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d3": "socially", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d4": "socially owned so that income differentials would be reflective of individual contributions to the social product", "572a20816aef0514001552e4": "Robert Nozick argued that government redistributes wealth by force (usually in the form of taxation", "572a20816aef0514001552e5": "Robert Nozick argued that government redistributes wealth by force (usually in the form of taxation", "572a20816aef0514001552e6": "force", "572a20816aef0514001552e7": "forceful taking of property", "572a20816aef0514001552e8": "Robert Nozick argued that government redistributes wealth by force (usually in the form of taxation", "572a213e6aef0514001552ee": "income inequality", "572a213e6aef0514001552ef": "economic growth", "572a213e6aef0514001552f0": "income inequality and poverty", "572a213e6aef0514001552f1": "economic", "572a213e6aef0514001552f2": "economic", "572a2224af94a219006aa823": "inequality", "572a2224af94a219006aa824": "gender roles and customs may prevent a woman from receiving an education or working outside the home.", "572a2224af94a219006aa825": "gender roles and customs", "572a2224af94a219006aa826": "work", "572a2224af94a219006aa827": "lowered, they are in some way deprived of earning as much income", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e2": "companions", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e3": "companions", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e4": "companions", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e5": "companions", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e6": "companions", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f2": "1963 to 1989", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f3": "1963 to 1989", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f4": "1963 to 1989", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f5": "1963 to 1989", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f6": "1963 to 1989", "5727f18c3acd2414000df063": "the Doctor.", "5727f18c3acd2414000df064": "Twelve actors have headlined the series as the Doctor.", "5727f18c3acd2414000df065": "Twelve actors have headlined the series as the Doctor.", "5727f18c3acd2414000df066": "Twelve actors have headlined the series as the Doctor.", "5727f18c3acd2414000df067": "Twelve actors have headlined the series as the Doctor.", "5727f2583acd2414000df087": "Gallifrey", "5727f2583acd2414000df088": "rogue Time Lord", "5727f2583acd2414000df089": "rogue Time Lord", "5727f2583acd2414000df08a": "rogue Time Lord", "5727f2583acd2414000df08b": "rogue Time Lord", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a5": "sonic screwdriver.", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a6": "the Master", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a7": "sonic screwdriver.", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a8": "sonic screwdriver", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a9": "sonic screwdriver", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a32": "Mutants", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a33": "Mutants", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a34": "Mutants", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a35": "the BBC believed it was crucial that the next one be a success, but The Mutants", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a36": "Mutants", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a44": "Jonathan Powell", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a45": "Jonathan Powell", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a46": "Jonathan Powell", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a47": "Jonathan Powell", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a48": "Jonathan Powell", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9956": "Philip Segal", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9957": "Philip Segal", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9958": "Philip Segal", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9959": "Philip Segal", "5727f678ff5b5019007d995a": "Philip Segal", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9960": "Rose", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9961": "Rose\" on BBC One", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9963": "No", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9964": "Rose", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9962": "Rose\" on BBC One on 26 March 2005.", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7c": "2005", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7d": "2005", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7e": "2005", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7f": "2005", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a80": "2005", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164160": "ten minutes due to extended news coverage of the assassination of US President John F.", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164161": "ten minutes due to extended news coverage of the assassination of US President John F.", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164162": "ten minutes due to extended news coverage of the assassination of US President John F.", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164163": "ten minutes due to extended news coverage of the assassination of US President John F.", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164164": "ten minutes due to extended news coverage of the assassination of US President John F.", "5727fdb94b864d190016417c": "Hiding", "5727fdb94b864d190016417d": "Hiding", "5727fdb94b864d190016417e": "Hiding", "5727fdb94b864d190016417f": "Hiding", "5727fdb94b864d1900164180": "Hiding", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a1": "3% of the surveyed audience regarded the show as \"very unsuitable\" for family viewing.", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a2": "1972", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a3": "1972", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a4": "horse", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a5": "1972", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8c": "1996", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8d": "1996", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8e": "1996", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8f": "1996, the BBC applied for a trade mark to use the TARDIS' blue police box design", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a90": "1996", "572800b03acd2414000df1f1": "four to six parts in earlier years and three to four in later years.", "572800b03acd2414000df1f2": "four to six parts in earlier years and three to four in later years.", "572800b03acd2414000df1f3": "four to six parts in earlier years and three to four in later years.", "572800b03acd2414000df1f4": "rogue Time Lord called The Master", "572800b03acd2414000df1f5": "four to six parts in earlier years and three to four in later years.", "572801823acd2414000df1fb": "2005", "572801823acd2414000df1fc": "own title.", "572801823acd2414000df1fd": "2005", "572801823acd2414000df1fe": "2005", "572801823acd2414000df1ff": "2005", "5728023a4b864d19001641f4": "Four mini-episodes, running about eight minutes each, were also produced for the 1993, 2005 and 2007 Children in Need charity appeals", "5728023a4b864d19001641f5": "Four mini-episodes, running about eight minutes each, were also produced for the 1993, 2005 and 2007 Children in Need charity appeals", "5728023a4b864d19001641f6": "Four mini-episodes, running about eight minutes each, were also produced for the 1993, 2005 and 2007 Children in Need charity appeals", "5728023a4b864d19001641f7": "Four mini-episodes, running about eight minutes each, were also produced for the 1993, 2005 and 2007 Children in Need charity appeals", "5728023a4b864d19001641f8": "Four mini-episodes, running about eight minutes each, were also produced for the 1993, 2005 and 2007 Children in Need charity appeals", "572803493acd2414000df229": "1973", "572803493acd2414000df22a": "1973", "572803493acd2414000df22b": "1973", "572803493acd2414000df22c": "1973", "572803493acd2414000df22d": "1973", "572804522ca10214002d9b94": "private individuals who acquired them by various means.", "572804522ca10214002d9b95": "lost episodes exist from home viewers who made tape recordings of the show.", "572804522ca10214002d9b97": "lost episodes exist from home viewers who made tape recordings of the show.", "572804522ca10214002d9b96": "colour", "572804522ca10214002d9b98": "the archives of other countries who bought prints for broadcast, or by private individuals who acquired them by various means.", "572805363acd2414000df26d": "the BBC on VHS, on MP3 CD-ROM, and as special features on DVD.", "572805363acd2414000df26e": "1968", "572805363acd2414000df26f": "1968", "572805363acd2414000df270": "4", "572805363acd2414000df271": "Official\" reconstructions have also been released by the BBC on VHS, on MP3 CD-ROM, and as special features on DVD.", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b42": "William Hartnell", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b43": "William Hartnell", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b44": "poor health", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b45": "poor health", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b46": "poor health", "572808bf4b864d190016429a": "12", "572808bf4b864d190016429b": "13", "572808bf4b864d190016429c": "producers of the show as a plot obstacle for when the show finally had to regenerate the Doctor a thirteenth time.", "572808bf4b864d190016429d": "The Deadly Assassin", "572808bf4b864d190016429e": "1996 TV film would later establish that a Time Lord", "572809ab4b864d19001642ae": "1986", "572809ab4b864d19001642af": "1986", "572809ab4b864d19001642b0": "1986 serial The Trial of a Time Lord, where Michael Jayston", "572809ab4b864d19001642b1": "1986", "572809ab4b864d19001642b2": "1986", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c66": "the 'Watcher') in the story Logopolis, the Ninth Doctor observes a former version of his current incarnation in \"Father'", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c67": "1973's The Three Doctors, William Hartnell and Patrick Troughton returned alongside Jon Pertwee.", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c68": "the 'Watcher') in the story Logopolis, the Ninth Doctor observes a former version of his current incarnation in \"Father'", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c6a": "the 'Watcher') in the story Logopolis, the Ninth Doctor observes a former version of his current incarnation in \"Father'", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c69": "the 'Watcher') in the story Logopolis, the Ninth Doctor observes a former version of his current incarnation in \"Father'", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca8": "1999", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca9": "1999", "57280cac2ca10214002d9caa": "1999", "57280cac2ca10214002d9cab": "1999", "57280cac2ca10214002d9cac": "1999", "57280e323acd2414000df349": "1976", "57280e323acd2414000df34a": "1976", "57280e323acd2414000df34b": "1976", "57280e323acd2414000df34c": "1976", "57280e323acd2414000df34d": "1976", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35b": "1967 serial, Tomb of the Cybermen", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35c": "Susan Foreman", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35d": "Susan Foreman", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35e": "Susan Foreman", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35f": "1967 serial, Tomb of the Cybermen", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c30": "his granddaughter Susan Foreman", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c31": "Deadly Assassin", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c33": "moral duty\". The Doctor's first companions seen on screen were his granddaughter Susan Foreman", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c34": "his granddaughter Susan Foreman", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c32": "his granddaughter Susan Foreman", "572811434b864d190016438c": "Bill", "572811434b864d190016438d": "2005 revival, the Doctor generally travels with a primary female companion, who occupies a larger narrative role.", "572811434b864d190016438e": "Bill", "572811434b864d190016438f": "Bill", "572811434b864d1900164390": "Tate", "572812142ca10214002d9d2a": "men", "572812142ca10214002d9d2b": "2005", "572812142ca10214002d9d2c": "men", "572812142ca10214002d9d2d": "2005", "572812142ca10214002d9d2e": "men", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c80": "1963, are Doctor Who's oldest villains.", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c81": "Skaro", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c82": "1963", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c83": "Davros", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c84": "1963", "572813b52ca10214002d9d68": "1971", "572813b52ca10214002d9d69": "1971", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6a": "renegade Time Lord who desires to rule the universe.", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6b": "1971", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6c": "1971", "572814882ca10214002d9d72": "Missy", "572814882ca10214002d9d73": "Missy", "572814882ca10214002d9d74": "Missy", "572814882ca10214002d9d75": "Missy", "572814882ca10214002d9d76": "Missy", "572816213acd2414000df429": "Ron Grainer", "572816213acd2414000df42a": "Ron Grainer and realised by Delia Derbyshire", "572816213acd2414000df42b": "Ron Grainer and realised by Delia Derbyshire", "572816213acd2414000df42c": "Ron Grainer", "572816213acd2414000df42d": "Ron Grainer and realised by Delia Derbyshire", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db0": "Peter Howell for season 18 (1980), which was in turn replaced by Dominic Glynn", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db1": "Peter Howell", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db2": "Peter Howell for season 18 (1980), which was in turn replaced by Dominic Glynn", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db3": "Dominic Glynn", "572817802ca10214002d9db4": "Dominic Glynn", "5728185f3acd2414000df45b": "The Snowmen", "5728185f3acd2414000df45d": "228", "5728185f3acd2414000df45c": "hostile", "5728185f3acd2414000df45e": "2007", "5728185f3acd2414000df45f": "2007", "572819864b864d190016447e": "Jon Pertwee", "572819864b864d190016447f": "Jon Pertwee", "572819864b864d1900164480": "Jon Pertwee", "572819864b864d1900164481": "Jon Pertwee", "572819864b864d1900164482": "Jon Pertwee", "57281a952ca10214002d9dea": "Dudley Simpson", "57281a952ca10214002d9deb": "1964", "57281a952ca10214002d9dec": "Giants", "57281a952ca10214002d9ded": "Giants", "57281a952ca10214002d9dee": "Giants", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfa": "Murray", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfb": "Murray", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfc": "Murray Gold and Ben Foster and has been performed by the BBC National Orchestra of Wales", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfd": "Spheres", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfe": "Murray", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1e": "2008\u20132010 specials", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1f": "2008\u20132010 specials", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e20": "Silva Screen Records", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e21": "2008\u20132010 specials", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e22": "Silva Screen Records", "57281f203acd2414000df4f5": "slightly modified format for the 50th anniversary special \"The Day of the Doctor\" during the Eleventh Doctor's run.", "57281f203acd2414000df4f6": "slightly modified format for the 50th anniversary special \"The Day of the Doctor\" during the Eleventh Doctor's run.", "57281f203acd2414000df4f7": "slightly modified format for the 50th anniversary special \"The Day of the Doctor\" during the Eleventh Doctor's run.", "57281f203acd2414000df4f8": "slightly modified format for the 50th anniversary special \"The Day of the Doctor\" during the Eleventh Doctor's run.", "57281f203acd2414000df4f9": "slightly modified format for the 50th anniversary special \"The Day of the Doctor\" during the Eleventh Doctor's run.", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9c": "the assassination of John F.", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9d": "Baker", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9e": "Baker", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9f": "the assassination of John F.", "57282036ff5b5019007d9da0": "the assassination of John F.", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db2": "16 million", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db3": "16 million", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db4": "16 million", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db5": "16 million", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db6": "2005", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd4": "1983", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd5": "1983", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd6": "1983", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd7": "1983", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd8": "1983", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed6": "January 1965. The ABC has periodically repeated episodes; of note were the weekly screenings of all available classic episodes starting in 2003", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed7": "2003", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed8": "2003", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed9": "revived episodes in 2013 for the show's 50th anniversary.", "5728245b2ca10214002d9eda": "revived episodes in 2013 for the show's 50th anniversary.", "572825714b864d1900164590": "1976", "572825714b864d1900164591": "1976", "572825714b864d1900164592": "Space", "572825714b864d1900164593": "ril", "572825714b864d1900164594": "Judith Merril", "572826762ca10214002d9f2c": "Christopher Eccleston", "572826762ca10214002d9f2d": "Christopher Eccleston", "572826762ca10214002d9f2e": "Christopher Eccleston", "572826762ca10214002d9f2f": "Christopher Eccleston", "572826762ca10214002d9f30": "Christopher Eccleston", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e26": "wide selection of serials are available from BBC Video on DVD, on sale in the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada and the United States.", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e27": "Eight", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e28": "Eight", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e29": "Eight", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e2a": "2005", "572828383acd2414000df5c3": "Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker", "572828383acd2414000df5c4": "Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker", "572828383acd2414000df5c5": "Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker", "572828383acd2414000df5c6": "Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker", "572828383acd2414000df5c7": "Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker", "572829532ca10214002d9fa2": "alien activities", "572829532ca10214002d9fa3": "alien activities", "572829532ca10214002d9fa4": "alien activities", "572829532ca10214002d9fa5": "alien activities", "572829532ca10214002d9fa6": "Cardiff and investigating alien activities", "57282f204b864d190016468a": "investigative journalist Sarah Jane Smith, was developed by CBBC", "57282f204b864d190016468b": "investigative journalist Sarah Jane Smith, was developed by CBBC", "57282f204b864d190016468c": "Elisabeth Sladen who reprised her role as investigative journalist Sarah Jane Smith, was developed by CBBC", "57282f204b864d190016468d": "BC", "57282f204b864d190016468e": "Elisabeth Sladen who reprised her role as investigative journalist Sarah Jane Smith, was developed by CBBC", "5728303e4b864d19001646aa": "Dimensions in Time", "5728303e4b864d19001646ab": "Dimensions in Time", "5728303e4b864d19001646ac": "EastEnders", "5728303e4b864d19001646ad": "charity special, titled Dimensions in Time was produced for Children in Need", "5728303e4b864d19001646ae": "charity special, titled Dimensions in Time was produced for Children in Need", "572831512ca10214002da04a": "the Curse of Fatal Death, was made for Comic Relief and later released on VHS.", "572831512ca10214002da04b": "the Curse of Fatal Death, was made for Comic Relief and later released on VHS.", "572831512ca10214002da04c": "the Curse of Fatal Death, was made for Comic Relief and later released on VHS.", "572831512ca10214002da04d": "the Curse of Fatal Death, was made for Comic Relief and later released on VHS.", "572831512ca10214002da04e": "the Curse of Fatal Death, was made for Comic Relief and later released on VHS.", "572833662ca10214002da086": "The Neutral Zone\") and Leverage.", "572833662ca10214002da087": "The Neutral Zone\") and Leverage.", "572833662ca10214002da088": "Vince", "572833662ca10214002da089": "Vince", "572833662ca10214002da08a": "The Neutral Zone\") and Leverage.", "572834524b864d1900164716": "Chase", "572834524b864d1900164717": "1981", "572834524b864d1900164718": "1981", "572834524b864d1900164719": "1981", "572834524b864d190016471a": "Chase", "572835854b864d190016472e": "Since 1999", "572835854b864d190016472f": "Fifth, Sixth and Seventh Doctors, with Paul McGann's Eight Doctor joining the line in 2001.", "572835854b864d1900164730": "Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor began appearing for Big Finish in 2012.", "572835854b864d1900164731": "Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor began appearing for Big Finish in 2012.", "572835854b864d1900164732": "Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor began appearing for Big Finish in 2012.", "572836732ca10214002da0dc": "Panini", "572836732ca10214002da0dd": "Panini", "572836732ca10214002da0de": "Panini", "572836732ca10214002da0df": "Panini", "572836732ca10214002da0e0": "Panini", "572837402ca10214002da0f4": "BBC Television in the early 1960s", "572837402ca10214002da0f5": "BBC Television in the early 1960s", "572837402ca10214002da0f6": "no position on the canonicity of any of such stories", "572837402ca10214002da0f7": "no", "572838323acd2414000df737": "Matt Smith", "572838323acd2414000df738": "Matt Smith", "572838323acd2414000df739": "Matt Smith", "572838323acd2414000df73a": "Matt Smith", "572838323acd2414000df73b": "Missy", "57283a392ca10214002da118": "technology and the times like nothing else in the known television universe.", "57283a392ca10214002da119": "the Peabody Awards honoured Doctor Who with an Institutional Peabody \"for evolving with technology and the times like nothing else in the known television universe.", "57283a392ca10214002da11a": "electronic", "57283a392ca10214002da11b": "the Peabody Awards honoured Doctor Who with an Institutional Peabody \"for evolving with technology and the times like nothing else in the known television universe.", "57283a392ca10214002da11c": "50th anniversary special", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa4": "a Writers' Guild of Great Britain award for Best Writing in a Children's Serial.", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa5": "1996", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa6": "a Writers' Guild of Great Britain award for Best Writing in a Children's Serial.", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa7": "a Writers' Guild of Great Britain award for Best Writing in a Children's Serial.", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa8": "a Writers' Guild of Great Britain award for Best Writing in a Children's Serial.", "57283ce72ca10214002da14c": "five", "57283ce72ca10214002da14d": "five", "57283ce72ca10214002da14e": "five", "57283ce72ca10214002da14f": "7 Saturn Awards, winning the only Best International Series in the ceremony's history.", "57283ce72ca10214002da150": "five", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc6": "Empty Child", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc7": "Empty Child", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc8": "The Empty Child", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc9": "Empty Child", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fca": "The Empty Child", "57283e652ca10214002da166": "Jon Culshaw", "57283e652ca10214002da167": "Jon", "57283e652ca10214002da168": "Jon Culshaw", "57283e652ca10214002da16a": "Jon Culshaw", "57283e652ca10214002da169": "Jon", "57283c464b864d19001647c8": "1890", "57283c464b864d19001647c9": "1890", "57283c464b864d19001647ca": "seven", "57283c464b864d19001647cb": "1890", "57283c464b864d19001647cc": "1890", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbc": "economics", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbd": "scholars have played a major role in the development of various academic disciplines, including: the Chicago school of economics", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbe": "scholars have played a major role in the development of various academic disciplines, including: the Chicago school of economics", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbf": "scholars have played a major role in the development of various academic disciplines, including: the Chicago school of economics", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fc0": "scholars have played a major role in the development of various academic disciplines, including: the Chicago school of economics", "57283f014b864d19001647e8": "oil magnate and wealthiest man in history John D. Rockefeller, the University of Chicago was incorporated in 1890", "57283f014b864d19001647e9": "oil", "57283f014b864d19001647ea": "oil magnate and wealthiest man in history John D. Rockefeller, the University of Chicago was incorporated in 1890; William Rainey Harper", "57283f014b864d19001647eb": "oil magnate and wealthiest man in history John D. Rockefeller, the University of Chicago was incorporated in 1890; William Rainey Harper", "57283f014b864d19001647ec": "oil magnate and wealthiest man in history John D.", "57284142ff5b5019007da00a": "academic operations", "57284142ff5b5019007da00b": "academic operations", "57284142ff5b5019007da00c": "academic operations", "57284142ff5b5019007da00d": "wealthy", "57284142ff5b5019007da00e": "academic operations", "572843304b864d1900164848": "Shimer College", "572843304b864d1900164849": "College", "572843304b864d190016484a": "Des Moines College, Kalamazoo College, Butler University,", "572843304b864d190016484b": "Shimer College", "572843304b864d190016484c": "College", "57284456ff5b5019007da05c": "Robert Maynard Hutchins", "57284456ff5b5019007da060": "Common Core", "57284456ff5b5019007da05f": "Robert Maynard Hutchins, took office; the university underwent many changes during his 24-year tenure. Hutchins eliminated varsity football", "57284456ff5b5019007da05e": "Robert Maynard Hutchins", "57284456ff5b5019007da05d": "Robert", "57284618ff5b5019007da0a8": "increasing crime", "57284618ff5b5019007da0a9": "increasing crime", "57284618ff5b5019007da0aa": "increasing crime", "57284618ff5b5019007da0ab": "increasing crime", "57284618ff5b5019007da0ac": "increasing crime", "572847ff3acd2414000df869": "1962, when students occupied President George Beadle", "572847ff3acd2414000df86a": "1962, when students occupied President George Beadle", "572847ff3acd2414000df86b": "a university committee in 1967", "572847ff3acd2414000df86c": "a university committee in 1967", "572847ff3acd2414000df86d": "a university committee in 1967", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f2": "2008", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f3": "Milton Friedman Institute", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f4": "2008", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f5": "2008", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f6": "investor David G. Booth donated $300 million to the university's Booth School of Business", "57284b904b864d19001648e2": "Main Quadrangles, were part of a \"master plan\" conceived by two University of Chicago trustees and plotted by Chicago architect Henry Ives Cobb", "57284b904b864d19001648e3": "six", "57284b904b864d19001648e4": "six", "57284b904b864d19001648e5": "Main", "57284b904b864d19001648e6": "Main Quadrangles, were part of a \"master plan\" conceived by two University of Chicago trustees and plotted by Chicago architect Henry Ives Cobb", "57284d484b864d1900164900": "Laird Bell Law Quadrangle", "57284d484b864d1900164901": "Laird Bell Law Quadrangle", "57284d484b864d1900164902": "Gothic style on campus began to give way to modern styles.", "57284d484b864d1900164903": "Gothic style on campus began to give way to modern styles.", "57284d484b864d1900164904": "Laird Bell Law Quadrangle", "57284e9fff5b5019007da150": "main campus. The university's Booth School of Business", "57284e9fff5b5019007da151": "Seine", "57284e9fff5b5019007da152": "The Center in Paris, a campus located on the left bank of the Seine in Paris, hosts various undergraduate and graduate study programs.", "57284e9fff5b5019007da153": "Business", "57284e9fff5b5019007da154": "The Center in Paris, a campus located on the left bank of the Seine in Paris, hosts various undergraduate and graduate study programs.", "5728501aff5b5019007da166": "Eric Isaacs", "5728501aff5b5019007da167": "Eric Isaacs", "5728501aff5b5019007da168": "Eric Isaacs", "5728501aff5b5019007da169": "Andrew Alper", "5728501aff5b5019007da16a": "Daniel", "5728510f4b864d1900164936": "The Higher Learning Commission", "5728510f4b864d1900164937": "seven professional schools.", "5728510f4b864d1900164938": "seven professional schools.", "57285213ff5b5019007da180": "Chicago", "57285213ff5b5019007da181": "Chicago", "57285213ff5b5019007da182": "Chicago", "57285213ff5b5019007da183": "Chicago", "572853e8ff5b5019007da188": "17 students, and are generally led by a full-time professor", "572853e8ff5b5019007da189": "17", "572853e8ff5b5019007da18a": "17 students, and are generally led by a full-time professor", "572853e8ff5b5019007da18b": "demanding standards, heavy workload and academic difficulty", "572855973acd2414000df925": "an", "572855973acd2414000df926": "Sonia Shankman", "572855973acd2414000df927": "Institute", "572855973acd2414000df928": "Institute", "572855973acd2414000df929": "Sonia Shankman", "572856beff5b5019007da190": "six", "572856beff5b5019007da191": "six libraries that contain a total of 9.8 million volumes, the 11th most among library systems in the United States.", "572856beff5b5019007da192": "six libraries that contain a total of 9.8 million volumes, the 11th most among library systems in the United States.", "572856beff5b5019007da193": "2011", "572856beff5b5019007da194": "9.8 million volumes, the 11th most among library systems in the United States.", "57285841ff5b5019007da19a": "12", "57285841ff5b5019007da19b": "12", "57285841ff5b5019007da19c": "Center", "57285841ff5b5019007da19d": "12", "57285841ff5b5019007da19e": "Chicago also operates or is affiliated with a number of research institutions apart from the university proper.", "57286010ff5b5019007da1ca": "Milton Friedman and other economists.", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cb": "played an important role in shaping ideas about the free market and is the namesake of the Chicago school of economics", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cc": "Milton Friedman and other economists.", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cd": "1953", "572861cc4b864d190016495e": "1933 and in Cinema & Media studies", "572861cc4b864d190016495f": "visual arts, music, and art history, and, more recently, Cinema & Media studies", "572861cc4b864d1900164960": "visual arts, music, and art history, and, more recently, Cinema & Media studies", "572861cc4b864d1900164961": "visual arts, music, and art history, and, more recently, Cinema & Media studies", "572861cc4b864d1900164962": "Chicago Presents, and student arts organizations.", "572863363acd2414000df985": "15,244 students overall.", "572863363acd2414000df986": "15,244 students overall.", "572863363acd2414000df987": "15,244 students overall.", "572863363acd2414000df988": "15,244 students overall.", "572863363acd2414000df989": "international", "572864542ca10214002da2de": "The Maroons compete in the NCAA's Division III as members of the University Athletic Association (UAA).", "572864542ca10214002da2df": "The Maroons compete in the NCAA's Division III as members of the University Athletic Association (UAA).", "572864542ca10214002da2e0": "Big Ten Conference and participated in the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball and Football and was a regular participant in the Men'", "572864542ca10214002da2e1": "The Maroons compete in the NCAA's Division III as members of the University Athletic Association (UAA).", "572864542ca10214002da2e2": "The Maroons compete in the NCAA's Division III as members of the University Athletic Association (UAA).", "5728659f4b864d190016498a": "cultural and religious groups, academic clubs and teams, and common-interest organizations.", "5728659f4b864d190016498b": "cultural and religious groups, academic clubs and teams, and common-interest organizations.", "5728659f4b864d190016498c": "the University of Chicago College Bowl Team", "5728659f4b864d190016498d": "cultural and religious groups, academic clubs and teams, and common-interest organizations.", "5728659f4b864d190016498e": "cultural and religious groups, academic clubs and teams, and common-interest organizations.", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fc": "Chicago Student Government. Student Government is made up of graduate and undergraduate students elected to represent members from their respective academic unit.", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fd": "Chicago Student Government. Student Government is made up of graduate and undergraduate students elected to represent members from their respective academic unit.", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fe": "two Vice Presidents, one for Administration", "5728667eff5b5019007da1ff": "an Executive Committee, chaired by a President with the assistance of two Vice Presidents, one for Administration", "572867543acd2414000df9a1": "fifteen fraternities and seven", "572867543acd2414000df9a2": "fifteen fraternities and seven", "572867543acd2414000df9a3": "fifteen fraternities and seven", "572867543acd2414000df9a4": "Four", "572867543acd2414000df9a5": "fifteen fraternities and seven", "5728683b3acd2414000df9af": "the Festival of the Arts (FOTA) takes over campus for 7\u201310 days of exhibitions and interactive artistic endeavors.", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b0": "the Festival of the Arts (FOTA) takes over campus for 7\u201310 days of exhibitions and interactive artistic endeavors.", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b1": "the Festival of the Arts", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b2": "the Festival of the Arts", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b3": "the Festival of the Arts", "57286951ff5b5019007da20e": "notable alumni include Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella", "57286951ff5b5019007da20f": "Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella", "57286951ff5b5019007da210": "Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella", "57286951ff5b5019007da211": "Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella", "57286951ff5b5019007da212": "Daniel Doctoroff", "57286ab72ca10214002da31e": "Saul Alinsky", "57286ab72ca10214002da31f": "Notable alumni in the field of government and politics include the founder of modern community organizing Saul Alinsky", "57286ab72ca10214002da320": "Notable alumni in the field of government and politics include the founder of modern community organizing Saul Alinsky", "57286ab72ca10214002da321": "the Bank of Japan", "57286ab72ca10214002da322": "Eliot Ness", "57286bf84b864d19001649d4": "The Closing of the American Mind", "57286bf84b864d19001649d6": "Studs Terkel, American writer, essayist, filmmaker, teacher,", "57286bf84b864d19001649d2": "Studs Terkel, American writer, essayist, filmmaker, teacher,", "57286bf84b864d19001649d5": "The Closing of the American Mind", "57286bf84b864d19001649d3": "Studs Terkel, American writer, essayist, filmmaker, teacher,", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e0": "minimalist composer Philip Glass, dancer, choreographer and leader in the field of dance anthropology Katherine Dunham", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e1": "Katherine Dunham", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e2": "Halo video game series Alex Seropian, Serial host Sarah Koenig", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e3": "Sarah Koenig", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e4": "Sarah Koenig", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d1": "Carl Sagan, a prominent contributor to the scientific research of extraterrestrial life, and Edwin Hubble", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d2": "Carl Sagan, a prominent contributor to the scientific research of extraterrestrial life, and Edwin Hubble", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d3": "Carl Sagan, a prominent contributor to the scientific research of extraterrestrial life, and Edwin Hubble", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d4": "Carl Sagan, a prominent contributor to the scientific research of extraterrestrial life, and Edwin Hubble", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d5": "Carl Sagan, a prominent contributor to the scientific research of extraterrestrial life, and Edwin Hubble", "572870b2ff5b5019007da222": "regulatory capture theory", "572870b2ff5b5019007da223": "regulatory capture theory, Gary Becker, an important contributor to the family economics branch of economics, Herbert A. Simon, responsible for the modern interpretation of the", "572870b2ff5b5019007da224": "regulatory capture theory, Gary Becker, an important contributor to the family economics branch of economics, Herbert A. Simon, responsible for the modern interpretation of the", "572870b2ff5b5019007da225": "regulatory capture theory, Gary Becker, an important contributor to the family economics branch of economics, Herbert A. Simon, responsible for the modern interpretation of the", "572871bc4b864d1900164a04": "David Graeber and Donald Johanson", "572871bc4b864d1900164a05": "David Graeber and Donald Johanson", "572871bc4b864d1900164a06": "David Graeber and Donald Johanson", "572872dd2ca10214002da37e": "A. A. Michelson, elementary charge calculator Robert A. Millikan, discoverer of the Compton Effect Arthur H.", "572872dd2ca10214002da37f": "Teller", "572872dd2ca10214002da380": "Teller", "572872dd2ca10214002da381": "Teller", "572872dd2ca10214002da382": "A. A. Michelson, elementary charge calculator Robert A. Millikan, discoverer of the Compton Effect Arthur H.", "5728742cff5b5019007da246": "Alberto Calder\u00f3n", "5728742cff5b5019007da247": "Alberto Calder\u00f3n", "5728742cff5b5019007da248": "Alberto Calder\u00f3n, Nobel prize winning economist and classical liberalism defender Friedrich Hayek, meteorologist Ted Fujita, chemists Glenn T.", "5728742cff5b5019007da249": "the actinide concept and Nobel Prize winner Yuan T.", "5728742cff5b5019007da24a": "Alberto Calder\u00f3n, Nobel prize winning economist and classical liberalism defender Friedrich Hayek, meteorologist Ted Fujita, chemists Glenn T.", "5728759cff5b5019007da25b": "James Cronin, Nobel Prize winning economists Eugene Fama, James Heckman, Lars Peter Hansen, Roger Myerson and Robert Lucas, Jr.", "5728759cff5b5019007da25a": "James Cronin, Nobel Prize winning economists Eugene Fama, James Heckman, Lars Peter Hansen, Roger Myerson and Robert Lucas, Jr.", "5728759cff5b5019007da25c": "historian", "5728759cff5b5019007da25d": "James Cronin, Nobel Prize winning economists Eugene Fama, James Heckman, Lars Peter Hansen, Roger Myerson and Robert Lucas, Jr.", "5728759cff5b5019007da25e": "historian Dipesh Chakrabarty", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b6": "Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan.", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b7": "Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan.", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b8": "Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan.", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b9": "Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1ba": "Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan.", "572860e03acd2414000df977": "Mongol Empire and an imperial Chinese dynasty. It was the khanate ruled by the successors of M\u00f6ngke Khan after the division of the Mongol Empire.", "572860e03acd2414000df978": "the division of the Mongol Empire.", "572860e03acd2414000df979": "the division of the Mongol Empire.", "572860e03acd2414000df97a": "the division of the Mongol Empire.", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dc": "Great Yuan (Chinese: \u5927\u5143; pinyin: D\u00e0 Yu\u00e1n; Wade\u2013Giles: Ta-Y\u00fcan), establishing the Yuan dynasty.", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dd": "Great Yuan (Chinese: \u5927\u5143; pinyin: D\u00e0 Yu\u00e1n; Wade\u2013Giles: Ta-Y\u00fcan), establishing the Yuan dynasty.", "57286192ff5b5019007da1de": "Great Yuan (Chinese: \u5927\u5143; pinyin: D\u00e0 Yu\u00e1n; Wade\u2013Giles: Ta-Y\u00fcan), establishing the Yuan dynasty.", "57286192ff5b5019007da1df": "Great Yuan (Chinese: \u5927\u5143; pinyin: D\u00e0 Yu\u00e1n; Wade\u2013Giles: Ta-Y\u00fcan), establishing the Yuan dynasty.", "57286192ff5b5019007da1e0": "Great Yuan (Chinese: \u5927\u5143; pinyin: D\u00e0 Yu\u00e1n; Wade\u2013Giles: Ta-Y\u00fcan), establishing the Yuan dynasty.", "572863c72ca10214002da2d4": "the steppes and became Great Khan in 1206. He and his successors expanded the Mongol empire across Asia.", "572863c72ca10214002da2d5": "expanded the Mongol empire across Asia.", "572863c72ca10214002da2d6": "expanded the Mongol empire across Asia.", "572863c72ca10214002da2d7": "expanded the Mongol empire across Asia.", "572863c72ca10214002da2d8": "the Mongols destroyed the weakened Jin dynasty", "572864dd4b864d1900164976": "3", "572864dd4b864d1900164977": "3", "572864dd4b864d1900164978": "3", "572864dd4b864d1900164979": "3", "572864dd4b864d190016497a": "3", "5728661e2ca10214002da2e8": "Interethnic marriage between Han and Jurchen became common at this time.", "5728661e2ca10214002da2e9": "Shi Tianze was a Han Chinese who lived in the Jin dynasty. Interethnic marriage between Han and Jurchen became common at this time.", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ea": "Shi Tianze was a Han Chinese who lived in the Jin dynasty. Interethnic marriage between Han and Jurchen became common at this time.", "5728661e2ca10214002da2eb": "Interethnic marriage between Han and Jurchen became common at this time.", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ec": "Shi Tianze was a Han Chinese who lived in the Jin dynasty. Interethnic marriage between Han and Jurchen became common at this time.", "572867212ca10214002da2f2": "He died in 1259 without a successor.", "572867212ca10214002da2f3": "He died in 1259 without a successor.", "572867212ca10214002da2f4": "Song", "572867212ca10214002da2f5": "his brother", "572867212ca10214002da2f6": "his", "572867d72ca10214002da2fc": "Instability", "572867d72ca10214002da2fd": "Instability", "572867d72ca10214002da2fe": "Instability", "572867d72ca10214002da2ff": "Instability", "572867d72ca10214002da300": "domestic unrest", "572869b84b864d19001649ae": "Mongol interests in China and satisfying the demands of his Chinese subjects.", "572869b84b864d19001649b0": "Mongol interests", "572869b84b864d19001649b2": "Mongol interests", "572869b84b864d19001649b1": "Mongol interests in China and satisfying the demands of his Chinese subjects.", "572869b84b864d19001649af": "Mongol interests", "57286b003acd2414000df9c1": "a new city near the former Jurchen capital Zhongdu, now modern Beijing, in 1266.", "57286b003acd2414000df9c2": "a new city near the former Jurchen capital Zhongdu, now modern Beijing, in 1266.", "57286b003acd2414000df9c3": "a new city near the former Jurchen capital Zhongdu, now modern Beijing, in 1266.", "57286b003acd2414000df9c4": "former Jurchen capital Zhongdu, now modern Beijing, in 1266.", "57286b003acd2414000df9c5": "a new city near the former Jurchen capital Zhongdu, now modern Beijing, in 1266.", "57286bb84b864d19001649c8": "scientific, and cultural growth. He supported the merchants of the Silk Road trade network by protecting the Mongol postal system", "57286bb84b864d19001649c9": "scientific, and cultural growth. He supported the merchants of the Silk Road trade network by protecting the Mongol postal system", "57286bb84b864d19001649ca": "scientific, and cultural growth. He supported the merchants of the Silk Road trade network by protecting the Mongol postal system", "57286bb84b864d19001649cb": "scientific, and cultural growth. He supported the merchants of the Silk Road trade network by protecting the Mongol postal system", "57286bb84b864d19001649cc": "scientific, and cultural growth. He supported the merchants of the Silk Road trade network by protecting the Mongol postal system", "57286c8cff5b5019007da218": "Duke Yansheng.", "57286c8cff5b5019007da219": "Kong Duancao who remained in Qufu as Duke Yansheng.", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21a": "Kong Duancao who remained in Qufu as Duke Yansheng.", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21b": "Kong Duanyou's brother Kong Duancao who remained in Qufu as Duke Yansheng.", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21c": "Kong Duanyou's brother Kong Duancao who remained in Qufu as Duke Yansheng.", "57286d4f2ca10214002da328": "an expansionist policy in line with the tradition of Mongol and Chinese imperialism", "57286d4f2ca10214002da329": "1268 and 1273, the last obstacle in his way to capture the rich Yangzi River basin.", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32a": "an expansionist policy in line with the tradition of Mongol and Chinese imperialism", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32b": "his government in northern China, Kublai pursued an expansionist policy in line with the tradition of Mongol and Chinese imperialism", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32c": "strengthening his government in northern China, Kublai pursued an expansionist policy in line with the tradition of Mongol and Chinese imperialism", "57286dfa2ca10214002da332": "typhoon", "57286dfa2ca10214002da333": "typhoon", "57286dfa2ca10214002da334": "typhoon", "57286dfa2ca10214002da335": "typhoon", "57286dfa2ca10214002da336": "typhoon", "57286ead2ca10214002da346": "Yunnan.", "57286ead2ca10214002da347": "the conquest of Dali", "57286ead2ca10214002da348": "the Yuan, Ming, and Qing-era governments, principally in the province of Yunnan.", "57286ead2ca10214002da349": "Dali", "57286ead2ca10214002da34a": "the Yuan, Ming, and Qing-era governments, principally in the province of Yunnan.", "57286f373acd2414000df9db": "Buyantu Khan (Ayurbarwada), was a competent emperor.", "57286f373acd2414000df9dc": "fourth Yuan emperor, Buyantu Khan (Ayurbarwada), was a competent emperor.", "57286f373acd2414000df9dd": "Li Meng", "57286f373acd2414000df9de": "Li Meng, a Confucian academic. He made many reforms, including the liquidation of the Department of State Affairs", "57286f373acd2414000df9df": "fourth Yuan emperor, Buyantu Khan (Ayurbarwada), was a competent emperor.", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e5": "Baiju.", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e6": "Baiju", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e7": "Baiju", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e8": "Baiju.", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e9": "Baiju", "5728705c2ca10214002da35a": "Ragibagh succeeded to the throne in Shangdu with the support of Yes\u00fcn Tem\u00fcr's favorite retainer Dawlat Shah.", "5728705c2ca10214002da35b": "Dawlat Shah.", "5728705c2ca10214002da35c": "the Qipchaq commander El Tem\u00fcr. He was installed as the emperor (Emperor Wenzong)", "5728705c2ca10214002da35d": "the Qipchaq", "5728705c2ca10214002da35e": "the Qipchaq commander El Tem\u00fcr", "5728710c3acd2414000df9ef": "His most concrete effort to patronize Chinese learning was founding the Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f0": "Literature", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f1": "His most concrete effort to patronize Chinese learning was founding the Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f2": "El Tem\u00fcr", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f3": "His most concrete effort to patronize Chinese learning was founding the Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa03": "13-year-old Toghun Tem\u00fcr (Emperor Huizong), the last of the nine successors of Kublai Khan", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa04": "Tugh Tem\u00fcr", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa05": "nine successors of Kublai Khan, was summoned back from Guangxi", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa06": "nine", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa07": "Tugh Tem\u00fcr", "572872822ca10214002da374": "struggle, famine", "572872822ca10214002da375": "struggle, famine, and bitterness among the populace.", "572872822ca10214002da376": "struggle, famine", "572872822ca10214002da377": "struggle, famine", "572872822ca10214002da378": "rigues and rivalries", "57287338ff5b5019007da232": "Red", "57287338ff5b5019007da233": "Red", "57287338ff5b5019007da234": "Red", "57287338ff5b5019007da235": "Red", "57287338ff5b5019007da236": "Red", "572878942ca10214002da3a2": "The political unity", "572878942ca10214002da3a3": "The political unity of China and much of central Asia promoted trade between East and West. The Mongols' extensive West Asian and European contacts", "572878942ca10214002da3a4": "rich cultural diversity developed during the Yuan dynasty. The major cultural achievements were the development of drama and the novel and the increased use of the written vernacular.", "572878942ca10214002da3a5": "The political unity of China and much of central Asia promoted trade between East and West. The Mongols' extensive West Asian and European contacts", "572879574b864d1900164a14": "Western musical instruments", "572879574b864d1900164a15": "Nestorianism and Roman Catholicism", "572879574b864d1900164a16": "the Yuan court", "572879574b864d1900164a17": "Nestorianism", "572879574b864d1900164a18": "the Yuan court", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a28": "e", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a29": "e", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2a": "e", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2b": "e", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2c": "e", "57287c142ca10214002da3d0": "the astronomer Guo Shoujing", "57287c142ca10214002da3d1": "the astronomer Guo Shoujing", "57287c142ca10214002da3d2": "the astronomer Guo Shoujing, who was tasked with many public works projects", "57287c142ca10214002da3d3": "the astronomer Guo Shoujing", "57287c142ca10214002da3d4": "a major food crop, sorghum", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3da": "non-native Chinese people ruled all of China.", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3db": "the continuation of the Mongol Empire.", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dc": "the continuation of the Mongol Empire.", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dd": "the continuation of the Mongol Empire.", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3de": "non-native Chinese people ruled all of China.", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e4": "various cultures in the empire, including that of the Han Chinese, Khitans, Jurchens, Mongols, and Tibetan Buddhists.", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e5": "finance", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e6": "various cultures in the empire, including that of the Han Chinese, Khitans, Jurchens, Mongols, and Tibetan Buddhists.", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e7": "finance", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e8": "finance", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa3f": "Privy Council", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa40": "Mongolian priorities and policies reshaped and redirected those institutions.", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa41": "Mongolian priorities and policies reshaped and redirected those institutions.", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa42": "the Privy Council", "57287e512ca10214002da3f8": "unified script for spelling Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese languages, was preserved in the court until the end of the dynasty.", "57287e512ca10214002da3f9": "unified script for spelling Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese languages, was preserved in the court until the end of the dynasty.", "57287e512ca10214002da3fa": "converse well in the language.", "57287e512ca10214002da3fb": "unified script for spelling Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese languages, was preserved in the court until the end of the dynasty.", "57287e512ca10214002da3fc": "unified script for spelling Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese languages, was preserved in the court until the end of the dynasty.", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da274": "debt slavery", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da275": "debt slavery", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da276": "debt slavery", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa51": "qu form of poetry", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa52": "poetry both classical and of the newer qu form.", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa53": "qu form of poetry", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa54": "qu", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa55": "poetry both classical and of the newer qu form.", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3c": "The establishment of the Yuan dynasty had dramatically increased the number of Muslims in China.", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3d": "The establishment of the Yuan dynasty had dramatically increased the number of Muslims in China.", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3e": "The top-level department and government agency known as the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3f": "The top-level department and government agency known as the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs", "57287fec4b864d1900164a40": "The top-level department and government agency known as the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs", "5728804b4b864d1900164a46": "Four", "5728804b4b864d1900164a47": "Four", "5728804b4b864d1900164a48": "Four", "5728804b4b864d1900164a49": "Four", "5728804b4b864d1900164a4a": "Four", "5728809f2ca10214002da40c": "His calendar, the Shoushi Li (\u6388\u6642\u66a6) or Calendar for Fixing the Seasons", "5728809f2ca10214002da40d": "His calendar, the Shoushi Li (\u6388\u6642\u66a6) or Calendar for Fixing the Seasons", "5728809f2ca10214002da40e": "His calendar, the Shoushi Li (\u6388\u6642\u66a6) or Calendar for Fixing the Seasons", "5728809f2ca10214002da40f": "His calendar, the Shoushi Li (\u6388\u6642\u66a6) or Calendar for Fixing the Seasons", "5728809f2ca10214002da410": "cubic interpolation formula for his astronomical calculations.", "572881022ca10214002da416": "diverse cultures", "572881022ca10214002da417": "diverse cultures", "572881022ca10214002da418": "diverse cultures. Healers were divided into non-Mongol physicians called otachi", "572881022ca10214002da419": "diverse cultures", "572881022ca10214002da41a": "diverse cultures", "572881704b864d1900164a50": "Four Great Schools\" that the Yuan inherited from the Jin dynasty. All four schools were based on the same intellectual foundation", "572881704b864d1900164a51": "Four", "572881704b864d1900164a52": "intellectual foundation, but advocated different theoretical approaches toward medicine.", "572881704b864d1900164a53": "intellectual foundation, but advocated different theoretical approaches toward medicine.", "572881704b864d1900164a54": "same intellectual foundation, but advocated different theoretical approaches toward medicine.", "572881d34b864d1900164a5a": "Western medicine was also practiced in China by the Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court, where it was sometimes labeled as huihui or Muslim medicine.", "572881d34b864d1900164a5b": "Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court, where it was sometimes labeled as huihui or Muslim medicine.", "572881d34b864d1900164a5c": "Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court, where it was sometimes labeled as huihui or Muslim medicine.", "572881d34b864d1900164a5d": "Muslim medicine.", "572881d34b864d1900164a5e": "Muslim medicine.", "572882242ca10214002da420": "Chinese printing technology was transferred to the Mongols through Kingdom of Qocho and Tibetan intermediaries.", "572882242ca10214002da421": "earthenware movable type", "572882242ca10214002da422": "earthenware movable type", "572882242ca10214002da423": "earthenware movable type", "572882242ca10214002da424": "Chinese printing technology was transferred to the Mongols through Kingdom of Qocho and Tibetan intermediaries.", "5728827b2ca10214002da42a": "chao", "5728827b2ca10214002da42b": "Iran", "5728827b2ca10214002da42c": "bronze", "5728827b2ca10214002da42d": "chao", "5728827b2ca10214002da42e": "chao", "572883153acd2414000dfa6f": "Mongolian patrimonial feudalism and the traditional Chinese autocratic-bureaucratic system.", "572883153acd2414000dfa70": "Mongolian patrimonial feudalism and the traditional Chinese autocratic-bureaucratic system.", "572883153acd2414000dfa71": "Mongolian patrimonial feudalism and the traditional Chinese autocratic-bureaucratic system.", "572883153acd2414000dfa72": "Kublai Khan was the product of a compromise between Mongolian patrimonial feudalism and the traditional Chinese autocratic-bureaucratic system.", "572883153acd2414000dfa73": "Mongolian patrimonial feudalism and the traditional Chinese autocratic-bureaucratic system.", "572883a33acd2414000dfa79": "serve as administrators over the Muslim population in Bukhara in Central Asia, using foreigners to curtail the power of the local peoples of both lands.", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7a": "the power of the local peoples of both lands.", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7b": "Bukhara in Central Asia, using foreigners to curtail the power of the local peoples of both lands.", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7c": "Bukhara in Central Asia, using foreigners to curtail the power of the local peoples of both lands.", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7d": "the local peoples of both lands.", "57288428ff5b5019007da28e": "Jews, forcing them to eat food the Mongol way.", "57288428ff5b5019007da28f": "some policies of the Yuan Emperors severely discriminated against them, restricting Halal slaughter and other Islamic practices like circumcision", "57288428ff5b5019007da290": "Jews, forcing them to eat food the Mongol way.", "57288428ff5b5019007da291": "Jews", "57288428ff5b5019007da292": "Jews", "5728848cff5b5019007da298": "four-class system", "5728848cff5b5019007da299": "four-class system", "5728848cff5b5019007da29a": "four-class system", "5728848cff5b5019007da29b": "social classes\" for this system was misleading and that the position of people within the four-class system", "572885023acd2414000dfa83": "Mongols, and had nothing to do with their ethnicity.", "572885023acd2414000dfa84": "Mongols, and had nothing to do with their ethnicity.", "572885023acd2414000dfa85": "Mongols, and had nothing to do with their ethnicity.", "572885023acd2414000dfa86": "Mongols, and had nothing to do with their ethnicity.", "572885023acd2414000dfa87": "the Mongols, and had nothing to do with their ethnicity.", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8d": "the Mongols placed the Uighurs", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8e": "the Mongols placed the Uighurs", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8f": "the Mongols placed the Uighurs", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa90": "the Mongols placed the Uighurs of the Kingdom of Qocho", "572885c44b864d1900164a78": "Central Secretariat", "572885c44b864d1900164a79": "the Central Secretariat", "572885c44b864d1900164a7a": "the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs", "572885c44b864d1900164a7b": "Central Secretariat", "572885c44b864d1900164a7c": "Central Secretariat", "5728dab94b864d1900164f96": "Victoria", "5728dab94b864d1900164f97": "Victoria", "5728dab94b864d1900164f98": "Victoria", "5728dab94b864d1900164f99": "Nairobi. Kenya's territory lies on the equator and overlies the East African Rift covering a diverse and expansive terrain that extends roughly from Lake Victoria", "5728dab94b864d1900164f9a": "Nairobi. Kenya's territory lies on the equator and overlies the East African Rift covering a diverse and expansive terrain that extends roughly from Lake Victoria", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dc": "Victoria", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dd": "dry", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9de": "Victoria", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9df": "Victoria", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9e0": "Victoria", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac2": "the Lower Paleolithic period.", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac3": "Lower Paleolithic period.", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac4": "the Lower Paleolithic period.", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac5": "the Lower Paleolithic period.", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac6": "the Lower Paleolithic period.", "5728f5376aef0514001548c4": "not", "5728f5376aef0514001548c5": "not", "5728f5376aef0514001548c6": "Ki", "5728f9342ca10214002dab52": "1882", "5728f9342ca10214002dab53": "1882", "5728f9342ca10214002dab54": "1882", "5728f9342ca10214002dab55": "1882", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165166": "A significant population of other wild animals, reptiles and birds can be found in the national parks and game reserves in the country.", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165167": "Two million wildebeest migrate a distance of 2,900 kilometres (1,802 mi) from the Serengeti in neighbouring Tanzania", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165168": "national parks and game reserves in the country.", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165169": "The annual animal migration occurs between June and September with millions of animals taking part, attracting valuable foreign tourism.", "5728f9cf4b864d190016516a": "the wildebeest", "5728fa576aef051400154920": "bilis", "5728fa576aef051400154921": "bilis", "5728fa576aef051400154922": "1984", "5728fa576aef051400154923": "bilis", "5728fa576aef051400154924": "bilis", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3b": "traffic", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3c": "traffic", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3d": "great traffic and has a good harbour in which there are always moored small craft", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef5": "the Kenyan Coast has played host to many merchants and explorers.", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef6": "the Kenyan Coast has played host to many merchants and explorers.", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef7": "Kenyan Coast has played host to many merchants and explorers.", "5729024f1d04691400778f5f": "Lt", "5729024f1d04691400778f60": "Lt Col", "5729024f1d04691400778f61": "Lt Col Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck", "5729024f1d04691400778f62": "Lt", "5729024f1d04691400778f63": "Lt", "572903d96aef0514001549a4": "coffee", "572903d96aef0514001549a5": "coffee", "572903d96aef0514001549a6": "coffee", "572903d96aef0514001549a7": "coffee", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4d": "the War Council", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4e": "the War Council", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4f": "the War Council", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f50": "Operation Anvil opened on 24 April 1954, after weeks of planning by the army with the approval of the War Council", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f51": "the War Council", "572906e23f37b31900477f8d": "1957", "572906e23f37b31900477f8e": "1957", "572906e23f37b31900477f8f": "1957", "572906e23f37b31900477f90": "1957", "572906e23f37b31900477f91": "1957", "572909406aef0514001549dc": "1988", "572909406aef0514001549dd": "1988", "572909406aef0514001549de": "1988", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc5": "growing concern especially during former president Daniel arap Moi's tenure that the executive was increasingly meddling with the affairs of the judiciary", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc6": "growing concern especially during former president Daniel arap Moi's tenure that the executive was increasingly meddling with the affairs of the judiciary", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc7": "the government", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc8": "the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly and the Senate. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc9": "growing concern especially during former president Daniel arap Moi's tenure that the executive was increasingly meddling with the affairs of the judiciary", "57290b21af94a219006a9fcf": "sector corruption in various countries.", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd0": "Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index (CPI), a metric which attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries.", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd1": "the nation placed 139th out of 176 total countries in the CPI, with a score of 27/100.", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd2": "the nation placed 139th out of 176 total countries in the CPI, with a score of 27/100.", "57290d811d04691400778fcf": "the Orange Democratic Movement", "57290d811d04691400778fd0": "the Orange Democratic Movement", "57290d811d04691400778fd1": "the Orange Democratic Movement (ODM). The elections were seen to have been flawed with international observers saying that they were below international standards.", "57290d811d04691400778fd2": "the Orange Democratic Movement", "57290e153f37b31900477fd9": "the election riots", "57290e153f37b31900477fda": "the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission", "57290e153f37b31900477fdb": "the election riots", "57290e153f37b31900477fdc": "the election riots", "57290ee2af94a219006a9fff": "2008", "57290ee2af94a219006aa000": "On 28 February 2008", "57290ee2af94a219006aa001": "a vice-president and two deputy Prime Ministers.", "57290ee2af94a219006aa002": "a vice-president and two deputy Prime Ministers.", "57290ee2af94a219006aa003": "On 28 February 2008", "57290f963f37b31900477feb": "an elected MP", "57290f963f37b31900477fec": "the PM will have power and authority to co-ordinate and supervise the functions of the Government and will be occupied by an elected MP", "57290f963f37b31900477fed": "the PM will have power and authority to co-ordinate and supervise the functions of the Government and will be occupied by an elected MP", "57290f963f37b31900477fee": "On 29 February 2008, representatives of PNU and ODM began working on the finer details of the power-sharing agreement", "57290f963f37b31900477fef": "the PM will have power and authority to co-ordinate and supervise the functions of the Government and will be occupied by an elected MP", "572913626aef051400154a30": "local governments", "572913626aef051400154a31": "Prime Minister and simultaneously reduce the powers of the President.", "572913626aef051400154a32": "the position of Prime Minister and simultaneously reduce the powers of the President.", "572913626aef051400154a33": "local governments", "572913626aef051400154a34": "Prime Minister and simultaneously reduce the powers of the President.", "572914441d04691400779025": "Opposition politicians, human rights groups, and nine Western countries criticised the security bill, arguing that it infringed on democratic freedoms.", "572914441d04691400779026": "Opposition politicians, human rights groups, and nine Western countries criticised the security bill, arguing that it infringed on democratic freedoms.", "572914441d04691400779027": "Opposition politicians, human rights groups, and nine Western countries criticised the security bill, arguing that it infringed on democratic freedoms.", "572914441d04691400779028": "armed groups", "572914441d04691400779029": "Opposition politicians, human rights groups, and nine Western countries criticised the security bill, arguing that it infringed on democratic freedoms.", "572914f46aef051400154a46": "International Criminal Court trial dates in 2013 for both President Kenyatta", "572914f46aef051400154a47": "2007 election aftermath, US President Barack Obama chose not to visit the country during his mid-2013 African trip.", "572914f46aef051400154a48": "China", "572914f46aef051400154a49": "2007 election aftermath, US President Barack Obama chose not to visit the country during his mid-2013 African trip.", "572915621d0469140077902f": "peacekeeping missions", "572915621d04691400779030": "December 2007", "572915621d04691400779031": "peacekeeping missions around the world. Further, in the aftermath of the national elections of December 2007", "572915e43f37b31900478005": "Armoured Personnel Carriers", "572915e43f37b31900478006": "Armoured Personnel Carriers", "572915e43f37b31900478007": "Armoured Personnel Carriers", "572915e43f37b31900478008": "Armoured Personnel Carriers", "572916f16aef051400154a56": "2005", "572916f16aef051400154a57": "2005, 17.7% of Kenyans lived on less than $1.25 a day. The important agricultural sector", "572916f16aef051400154a58": "2005", "572916f16aef051400154a59": "2005", "572917743f37b3190047800d": "rapid expansion in telecommunication and financial activity", "572917743f37b3190047800f": "unreliable agricultural sector", "572917743f37b31900478010": "unreliable agricultural sector", "572917743f37b3190047800e": "unreliable agricultural sector", "572917ff6aef051400154a5e": "tourism", "572917ff6aef051400154a5f": "Germany", "572917ff6aef051400154a60": "Germany", "572917ff6aef051400154a62": "Germany", "572917ff6aef051400154a61": "Germany", "572918bd3f37b31900478016": "forestry and fishing", "572918bd3f37b31900478017": "Agriculture is the second largest contributor to Kenya's gross domestic product (GDP), after the service sector.", "572918bd3f37b31900478015": "Agriculture is the second largest contributor to Kenya's gross domestic product (GDP), after the service sector.", "572918bd3f37b31900478018": "Agriculture is the second largest contributor to Kenya's gross domestic product (GDP), after the service sector.", "57291a7b1d0469140077903f": "the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)", "57291a7b1d04691400779040": "the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics", "57291a7b1d04691400779041": "pigeon pea", "57291a7b1d04691400779042": "the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics", "57291a7b1d04691400779043": "the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics", "57291b461d04691400779049": "highlands", "57291b461d0469140077904a": "Coconuts, pineapples, cashew nuts, cotton, sugarcane, sisal, and corn are grown in the lower-lying areas.", "57291b461d0469140077904b": "highlands", "57291b461d0469140077904c": "highlands", "57291b461d0469140077904d": "highlands", "57291beb1d04691400779053": "manufacturing", "57291beb1d04691400779054": "manufacturing", "57291beb1d04691400779055": "manufacturing still accounts for only 14% of the GDP. Industrial activity, concentrated around the three largest urban centres", "57291beb1d04691400779056": "manufacturing", "57291d9e3f37b31900478035": "2000", "57291d9e3f37b31900478036": "2000", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09b": "hydroelectric stations", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09c": "Uganda make up the rest of the supply.", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09d": "Uganda make up the rest of the supply. Kenya's installed capacity stood at 1,142 megawatts", "57291f153f37b31900478043": "proven deposits of oil", "57291f153f37b31900478044": "proven deposits of oil in Turkana and the commercial viability was just discovered. Tullow Oil", "57291f153f37b31900478045": "proven deposits of oil", "57291f153f37b31900478046": "Petroleum", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b1": "Liu Guangyuan", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b2": "Liu Guangyuan", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b3": "Liu Guangyuan", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b4": "Base Titanium", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b5": "Liu Guangyuan", "57292046af94a219006aa0bb": "the Climate & Development Knowledge Network", "57292046af94a219006aa0bc": "the Climate & Development Knowledge Network", "57292046af94a219006aa0bd": "the Climate & Development Knowledge Network", "57292046af94a219006aa0be": "the Climate & Development Knowledge Network", "57292046af94a219006aa0bf": "the Climate & Development Knowledge Network", "572920d73f37b31900478055": "agriculture", "572920d73f37b31900478056": "2006", "572920d73f37b31900478057": "agriculture", "572920d73f37b31900478058": "agriculture", "572921646aef051400154a78": "English", "572921646aef051400154a79": "English", "572921646aef051400154a7a": "Sheng", "572921646aef051400154a7b": "The two official languages, English and Swahili, are used in varying degrees of fluency for communication with other populations.", "572922206aef051400154a8a": "83%), with 47.7% regarding themselves as Protestant and 23.5% as Roman Catholic of the Latin Rite.", "572922206aef051400154a8b": "83%), with 47.7% regarding themselves as Protestant and 23.5% as Roman Catholic of the Latin Rite.", "572922206aef051400154a8c": "3", "572922206aef051400154a8d": "83%), with 47.7% regarding themselves as Protestant and 23.5% as Roman Catholic of the Latin Rite.", "57292449af94a219006aa0dd": "Sixty percent of the Muslim population lives in Kenya's Coastal Region, comprising 50% of the total population there.", "57292449af94a219006aa0de": "Sixty percent of the Muslim population lives in Kenya's Coastal Region, comprising 50% of the total population there.", "57292449af94a219006aa0df": "Sixty percent of the Muslim population lives in Kenya's Coastal Region, comprising 50% of the total population there.", "57292449af94a219006aa0e0": "Sixty percent of the Muslim population lives in Kenya's Coastal Region, comprising 50% of the total population there.", "572924b53f37b31900478067": "Complicated cases are referred to clinical officers, medical officers and medical practitioners.", "572924b53f37b31900478068": "Complicated cases are referred to clinical officers, medical officers and medical practitioners.", "572924b53f37b31900478069": "65,000", "572924b53f37b3190047806a": "Complicated cases are referred to clinical officers, medical officers and medical practitioners.", "572925491d046914007790c3": "economic", "572925491d046914007790c4": "economic performance and wealth distribution: Half of Kenyans live below the poverty level.", "572925491d046914007790c5": "economic performance and wealth distribution: Half of Kenyans live below the poverty level.", "572925491d046914007790c6": "economic performance and wealth distribution: Half of Kenyans live below the poverty level.", "572925491d046914007790c7": "economic performance and wealth distribution: Half of Kenyans live below the poverty level.", "572925a81d046914007790cd": "British", "572925a81d046914007790ce": "British colonists.", "572925a81d046914007790cf": "an authority named the Ominde Commission", "572925a81d046914007790d0": "British colonists.", "572925a81d046914007790d1": "1964 and 1985", "572926086aef051400154ac2": "8\u20134\u20134 system.", "572926086aef051400154ac3": "the Presidential Working Party on the Second University", "572926086aef051400154ac4": "7", "572926086aef051400154ac5": "7", "572926653f37b31900478079": "vocational subjects", "572926653f37b3190047807a": "vocational subjects", "572926653f37b3190047807b": "2003", "572926653f37b3190047807c": "In January 2003", "572926653f37b3190047807d": "2003", "572926d23f37b31900478083": "six years and lasts 12 years comprising eight years in primary school and four years in high school or secondary school.", "572926d23f37b31900478084": "Basic formal education starts at age six years and lasts 12 years comprising eight years in primary school and four years in high school or secondary school.", "572926d23f37b31900478085": "Basic formal education starts at age six years and lasts 12 years comprising eight years in primary school and four years in high school or secondary school.", "572926d23f37b31900478086": "Basic formal education starts at age six years and lasts 12 years comprising eight years in primary school and four years in high school or secondary school.", "5729276c1d046914007790d7": "Preschool", "5729276c1d046914007790d8": "five, is an integral component of the education system and is a key requirement for admission to Standard One (First Grade).", "5729276c1d046914007790d9": "three to five, is an integral component of the education system and is a key requirement for admission to Standard One (First Grade).", "5729276c1d046914007790da": "Preschool", "5729276c1d046914007790db": "Preschool", "572927d06aef051400154ade": "the Kenya National Library Service", "572927d06aef051400154adf": "the Kenya National Library Service", "572927d06aef051400154ae0": "the Kenya National Library Service", "572927d06aef051400154ae1": "the Kenya National Library Service", "5729281baf94a219006aa11f": "several sports, among them cricket, rallying, football, rugby union and boxing.", "5729281baf94a219006aa120": "several sports, among them cricket, rallying, football, rugby union and boxing.", "5729281baf94a219006aa121": "several sports, among them cricket, rallying, football, rugby union and boxing.", "5729281baf94a219006aa122": "several sports, among them cricket, rallying, football, rugby union and boxing.", "572928bf6aef051400154af0": "Pamela Jelimo", "572928bf6aef051400154af1": "Pamela Jelimo", "572928bf6aef051400154af2": "Samuel Wanjiru who won the men'", "572928bf6aef051400154af3": "Pamela Jelimo", "572928bf6aef051400154af4": "Pamela Jelimo", "5729293d3f37b3190047809f": "Cricket", "5729293d3f37b319004780a0": "Cricket", "5729293d3f37b319004780a1": "Cricket", "5729293d3f37b319004780a2": "Cricket", "5729293d3f37b319004780a3": "Cricket", "57292994af94a219006aa131": "Safari", "57292994af94a219006aa132": "Safari", "57292994af94a219006aa133": "Bj\u00f6rn Waldeg\u00e5rd, Hannu Mikkola, Tommi M\u00e4kinen, Shekhar Mehta, Carlos Sainz and Colin McRae.", "572929d56aef051400154b0a": "10 o'clock tea (chai ya saa nne) and 4 pm tea (chai ya saa kumi", "572929d56aef051400154b0b": "10", "572929d56aef051400154b0c": "10 o'clock tea (chai ya saa nne) and 4 pm tea (chai ya saa kumi", "572929d56aef051400154b0d": "Regional", "57293b843f37b31900478133": "1988", "57293b843f37b31900478134": "1988", "57293b843f37b31900478135": "1988", "57293b843f37b31900478136": "1988", "57293b843f37b31900478137": "1988", "57293bc91d0469140077919b": "Hoesung Lee is the chair of the IPCC since October 8, 2015, following the election of the new IPCC Bureau.", "57293bc91d0469140077919c": "Korean economist Hoesung Lee is the chair of the IPCC since October 8, 2015, following the election of the new IPCC Bureau.", "57293bc91d0469140077919d": "Korean economist Hoesung Lee is the chair of the IPCC since October 8, 2015, following the election of the new IPCC Bureau.", "57293bc91d0469140077919e": "Hoesung Lee is the chair of the IPCC since October 8, 2015, following the election of the new IPCC Bureau.", "57293bc91d0469140077919f": "Korean economist Hoesung Lee is the chair of the IPCC since October 8, 2015, following the election of the new IPCC Bureau.", "57293c246aef051400154bb8": "The IPCC Panel is composed of representatives appointed by governments and organizations. Participation of delegates with appropriate expertise is encouraged.", "57293c246aef051400154bb9": "The IPCC Panel is composed of representatives appointed by governments and organizations. Participation of delegates with appropriate expertise is encouraged.", "57293c246aef051400154bba": "2003", "57293c246aef051400154bbb": "The IPCC Panel is composed of representatives appointed by governments and organizations. Participation of delegates with appropriate expertise is encouraged.", "57293ca73f37b3190047815b": "1989", "57293ca73f37b3190047815c": "1989", "57293ca73f37b3190047815e": "1989", "57293ca73f37b3190047815f": "1989", "57293ca73f37b3190047815d": "1989", "57293d116aef051400154bc8": "research", "57293d116aef051400154bc9": "research", "57293d116aef051400154bca": "non-peer-reviewed sources", "57293d116aef051400154bcb": "not carry out research", "57293d6d1d046914007791b7": "The coordinating lead authors", "57293d6d1d046914007791b8": "coordinating lead authors\", ten to fifteen \"lead authors\", and a somewhat larger number of \"contributing authors\". The coordinating lead authors", "57293d6d1d046914007791b9": "The coordinating lead authors are responsible for assembling the contributions", "57293d6d1d046914007791ba": "The coordinating lead authors are responsible for assembling the contributions of the other authors", "57293d6d1d046914007791bb": "The coordinating lead authors are responsible for assembling the contributions", "57293e221d046914007791d5": "executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers report says they are certain that emissions resulting from human activities", "57293e221d046914007791d6": "activities", "57293e221d046914007791d7": "activities", "57293e221d046914007791d8": "activities", "57293e221d046914007791d9": "activities", "57293e983f37b3190047818b": "16 national science academies issued a joint statement on climate change.", "57293e983f37b3190047818c": "16 national science academies issued a joint statement on climate change.", "57293e983f37b3190047818d": "the journal Science", "57293e983f37b3190047818e": "16 national science academies issued a joint statement on climate change.", "57293e983f37b3190047818f": "16 national science academies issued a joint statement on climate change.", "57293f353f37b3190047819b": "John Houghton", "57293f353f37b3190047819c": "John Houghton", "57293f353f37b3190047819d": "John Houghton", "57293f353f37b3190047819e": "John", "57293f353f37b3190047819f": "John", "57293f8a6aef051400154bde": "specific topics", "57293f8a6aef051400154bdf": "Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation", "57293f8a6aef051400154be0": "Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation (SRREN) and the Special Report on Managing Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation", "57293f8a6aef051400154be1": "Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation (SRREN", "572940246aef051400154bec": "Centre", "572940246aef051400154bed": "Centre", "572940246aef051400154bee": "Centre", "572940246aef051400154bef": "Centre", "572940973f37b319004781a5": "WWF", "572940973f37b319004781a6": "WWF", "572940973f37b319004781a7": "WWF", "572940973f37b319004781a8": "WWF", "572941273f37b319004781ad": "Martin Parry", "572941273f37b319004781ae": "Martin Parry", "572941273f37b319004781af": "Robert Watson", "572941273f37b319004781b0": "Martin Parry", "572941273f37b319004781b1": "Martin Parry", "57294209af94a219006aa201": "hockey stick", "57294209af94a219006aa202": "hockey stick", "57294209af94a219006aa203": "hockey stick", "57294209af94a219006aa204": "hockey stick", "57294279af94a219006aa209": "MBH99 based graph featured in publicity.", "57294279af94a219006aa20a": "MBH99 based graph featured in publicity.", "57294279af94a219006aa20b": "MBH99 based graph featured in publicity.", "57294279af94a219006aa20c": "hockey stick", "57294279af94a219006aa20d": "MBH99 based graph featured in publicity.", "572943ab1d04691400779219": "Ed Whitfield", "572943ab1d0469140077921a": "Ed Whitfield", "572943ab1d0469140077921b": "Ed Whitfield", "572943ab1d0469140077921c": "Ed Whitfield", "572943ab1d0469140077921d": "Ed Whitfield", "572944e03f37b319004781e2": "2001", "572944e03f37b319004781e1": "2001", "572944e03f37b319004781e4": "Crowley & Lowery 2000", "572944e03f37b319004781e5": "divergence", "572944e03f37b319004781e3": "Crowley & Lowery 2000", "572945b11d0469140077922f": "2007", "572945b11d04691400779230": "2007", "572945b11d04691400779231": "2007", "572945b11d04691400779232": "2007", "572949306aef051400154c68": "sea levels", "572949306aef051400154c69": "projected rises in sea levels", "572949306aef051400154c6a": "the IPCC, far from overstating dangers and risks, have actually understated them is a study on projected rises in sea levels", "572949306aef051400154c6b": "2001", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26b": "special problems", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26c": "Michael Oppenheimer", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26d": "special problems", "57294e6b1d04691400779275": "Ozone depletion and global warming). In case of the Ozone depletion global regulation based on the Montreal Protocol", "57294e6b1d04691400779276": "Montreal Protocol has been successful, in case of Climate Change", "57294e6b1d04691400779277": "Ozone depletion", "5729506d6aef051400154cac": "regional burden sharing conflicts", "5729506d6aef051400154cad": "regional burden sharing conflicts", "5729506d6aef051400154cae": "regional burden sharing conflicts", "5729506d6aef051400154caf": "challenge", "5729517d6aef051400154cc8": "its schedule for producing reports requires a deadline for submissions prior to the report's final release.", "5729517d6aef051400154cc9": "a deadline for submissions prior to the report's final release.", "5729517d6aef051400154cca": "its schedule for producing reports requires a deadline for submissions prior to the report's final release.", "572951f16aef051400154cce": "five", "572951f16aef051400154ccf": "five", "572951f16aef051400154cd0": "five", "572951f16aef051400154cd1": "five", "572953013f37b3190047824d": "They then use the ATP and NADPH to make organic molecules from carbon dioxide in a process known as the Calvin cycle.", "572953013f37b3190047824e": "They then use the ATP and NADPH to make organic molecules from carbon dioxide in a process known as the Calvin cycle.", "572953013f37b3190047824f": "They then use the ATP and NADPH to make organic molecules from carbon dioxide in a process known as the Calvin cycle.", "572953013f37b31900478250": "They then use the ATP and NADPH to make organic molecules from carbon dioxide in a process known as the Calvin cycle.", "572953013f37b31900478251": "They then use the ATP and NADPH to make organic molecules from carbon dioxide in a process known as the Calvin cycle.", "5729544c3f37b31900478257": "dynamic", "5729544c3f37b31900478258": "environmental factors like light color and intensity", "5729544c3f37b31900478259": "environmental factors like light color and intensity.", "5729544c3f37b3190047825a": "environmental factors like light color", "5729544c3f37b3190047825b": "dynamic", "572956c86aef051400154d1a": "Chloroplasts are one of many types of organelles in the plant cell", "572956c86aef051400154d1b": "the Russian biologist Konstantin Mereschkowski", "572956c86aef051400154d1c": "the Russian biologist Konstantin Mereschkowski", "572956c86aef051400154d1d": "Russian biologist Konstantin Mereschkowski", "572956c86aef051400154d1e": "This origin of chloroplasts was first suggested by the Russian biologist Konstantin Mereschkowski", "572957361d046914007792cf": "negative", "572957361d046914007792d0": "negative", "572957361d046914007792d2": "negative", "572957361d046914007792d3": "negative", "572957361d046914007792d1": "negative", "572957ad1d046914007792d9": "free-living cyanobacterium entered an early eukaryotic cell, either as food", "572957ad1d046914007792da": "food or as an internal parasite, but managed to escape the phagocytic vacuole it was contained in.", "572957ad1d046914007792db": "food or as an internal parasite, but managed to escape the phagocytic vacuole it was contained in.", "572957ad1d046914007792dc": "food or as an internal parasite, but managed to escape the phagocytic vacuole it was contained in.", "572957ad1d046914007792dd": "free-living cyanobacterium entered an early eukaryotic cell, either as food", "5729582b1d046914007792e3": "primary plastids", "5729582b1d046914007792e4": "green", "5729582b1d046914007792e5": "primary plastids", "5729582b1d046914007792e6": "primary plastids", "5729582b1d046914007792e7": "green", "572958cc6aef051400154d2a": "three", "572958cc6aef051400154d2b": "three primary chloroplast lineage", "572958cc6aef051400154d2c": "three primary chloroplast lineage", "572958cc6aef051400154d2d": "three", "572958cc6aef051400154d2e": "three primary chloroplast lineage", "57295a116aef051400154d44": "double membrane", "57295a116aef051400154d45": "double membrane", "57295a116aef051400154d46": "ids", "57295a116aef051400154d47": "ids", "57295a116aef051400154d48": "pyrenoids", "57295b5b1d04691400779315": "green", "57295b5b1d04691400779316": "green", "57295b5b1d04691400779317": "green", "57295b5b1d04691400779318": "green", "57295b5b1d04691400779319": "green", "572961f61d04691400779359": "secondary endosymbiotic event, when a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote", "572961f61d0469140077935a": "secondary endosymbiotic event, when a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote", "572961f61d0469140077935b": "secondary endosymbiotic event, when a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote", "572961f61d0469140077935c": "secondary endosymbiotic event, when a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote", "572961f61d0469140077935d": "secondary endosymbiotic event, when a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote", "572962953f37b319004782f5": "three", "572962953f37b319004782f6": "three", "572962953f37b319004782f7": "three membranes\u2014it is thought that the membrane of the primary endosymbiont", "572962953f37b319004782f8": "Euglenophytes are a group of common flagellated protists that contain chloroplasts derived from a green alga.", "572962953f37b319004782f9": "three", "572963221d04691400779385": "four", "572963221d04691400779386": "four", "572963221d04691400779387": "four", "572963221d04691400779388": "four", "572963221d04691400779389": "four", "572963876aef051400154dd2": "the helicosproidia", "572963876aef051400154dd3": "the helicosproidia", "572963876aef051400154dd4": "green algae rather than chromalveolates. The apicomplexans include Plasmodium, the malaria parasite", "572963876aef051400154dd5": "the helicosproidia", "572963876aef051400154dd6": "the helicosproidia", "5729645b3f37b31900478321": "lost all photosynthetic function, and contain no photosynthetic pigments or true thylakoids.", "5729645b3f37b31900478322": "four membranes", "5729645b3f37b31900478323": "four membranes", "5729645b3f37b31900478324": "four membranes", "5729645b3f37b31900478325": "four", "572965566aef051400154e00": "per", "572965566aef051400154e01": "per", "572965566aef051400154e02": "peridinin in their chloroplasts, along with chlorophyll a and chlorophyll c2", "572965566aef051400154e03": "peridinin in their chloroplasts, along with chlorophyll a and chlorophyll c2", "572965e73f37b3190047832b": "red", "572965e73f37b3190047832c": "four", "572965e73f37b3190047832d": "double", "572965e73f37b3190047832e": "four", "572966626aef051400154e13": "a cryptophyte", "572966626aef051400154e14": "Dinophysis have a phycobilin-containing chloroplast taken from a cryptophyte", "572966626aef051400154e12": "cryptophyte", "572966626aef051400154e15": "Dinophysis have a phycobilin-containing chloroplast taken from a cryptophyte", "572966ebaf94a219006aa391": "five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa392": "five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa393": "five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa394": "five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa395": "five", "572967e31d046914007793b1": "Lepidodinium viride", "572967e31d046914007793b2": "Lepidodinium is the only dinophyte that has a chloroplast that's not from the rhodoplast lineage", "572967e31d046914007793b3": "green algal derived chloroplast (more specifically, a prasinophyte", "572967e31d046914007793b4": "green algal derived chloroplast (more specifically, a prasinophyte", "572967e31d046914007793b5": "green", "5729686d1d046914007793c1": "Paulinella chromatophora", "5729686d1d046914007793c2": "Paulinella chromatophora", "5729686d1d046914007793c3": "Paulinella chromatophora", "5729686d1d046914007793c4": "Paulinella chromatophora", "5729686d1d046914007793c5": "Paulinella chromatophora", "572968cf1d046914007793cb": "1962", "572968cf1d046914007793cc": "1962", "572968cf1d046914007793cd": "1962", "572968cf1d046914007793ce": "1962", "572968cf1d046914007793cf": "1962", "57296977af94a219006aa3bd": "The inverted repeat regions are highly conserved among land plants", "57296977af94a219006aa3be": "The inverted repeat regions are highly conserved among land plants", "57296977af94a219006aa3bf": "The inverted repeat regions are highly conserved among land plants", "572969f51d046914007793dd": "double displacement loop (D-loop)", "572969f51d046914007793de": "two main models have been proposed.", "572969f51d046914007793e0": "electron microscopy since the 1970s. The results of the microscopy experiments led to the", "572969f51d046914007793df": "double", "572969f51d046914007793e1": "double", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c3": "A \u2192 G deamination gradients. DNA becomes susceptible to deamination events when it is single stranded.", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c4": "single stranded.", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c5": "linear", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c6": "linear", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c7": "A \u2192 G deamination gradients. DNA becomes susceptible to deamination events when it is single stranded.", "57296ab93f37b31900478369": "linear", "57296ab93f37b3190047836a": "linear", "57296ab93f37b3190047836b": "maize", "57296ab93f37b3190047836c": "linear cpDNA, such as maize", "57296b151d046914007793f1": "green", "57296b151d046914007793f2": "red", "57296b151d046914007793f3": "green", "57296b151d046914007793f4": "green", "57296bf96aef051400154e52": "transferred genes aren'", "57296bf96aef051400154e53": "new functions like participating in cell division", "57296bf96aef051400154e54": "participating in cell division, protein routing, and even disease resistance.", "57296bf96aef051400154e55": "transferred genes aren'", "57296c5c3f37b3190047837f": "a ribosome", "57296c5c3f37b31900478380": "keep just enough shape", "57296c5c3f37b31900478381": "phosphate group to many (but not all) of them in their transit sequences. Phosphorylation helps many proteins bind the polypeptide", "57296c5c3f37b31900478382": "a ribosome", "57296cb21d04691400779403": "lens-shaped, 5\u20138 \u03bcm in diameter and 1\u20133 \u03bcm thick.", "57296cb21d04691400779404": "lens-shaped, 5\u20138 \u03bcm in diameter and 1\u20133 \u03bcm thick.", "57296cb21d04691400779405": "lens-shaped, 5\u20138 \u03bcm in diameter and 1\u20133 \u03bcm thick.", "57296cb21d04691400779406": "net", "57296cb21d04691400779407": "lens-shaped, 5\u20138 \u03bcm in diameter and 1\u20133 \u03bcm thick.", "57296d1b1d0469140077940d": "double membrane is often cited as evidence that they are the descendants of endosymbiotic cyanobacteria", "57296d1b1d0469140077940e": "double membrane", "57296d1b1d0469140077940f": "both chloroplast membranes are homologous to the cyanobacterium's original double membranes", "57296d8d1d0469140077941d": "internal thylakoid system", "57296d8d1d0469140077941e": "internal thylakoid system", "57296d8d1d0469140077941f": "ATP energy. The only chloroplast structure that can considered analogous to it is the internal thylakoid system", "57296d8d1d04691400779420": "internal thylakoid system", "57296d8d1d04691400779421": "internal thylakoid system", "57296de03f37b3190047839b": "ules", "57296de03f37b3190047839c": "ules", "57296de03f37b3190047839d": "ules", "57296de03f37b3190047839e": "ules", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e5": "some C3 angiosperms, and even some gymnosperms.", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e6": "some C3 angiosperms, and even some gymnosperms.", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e7": "some C3 angiosperms, and even some gymnosperms.", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e8": "some C3 angiosperms, and even some gymnosperms.", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e9": "small", "57296eb01d04691400779435": "own ribosomes, which they use to synthesize a small fraction of their proteins.", "57296eb01d04691400779436": "own ribosomes, which they use to synthesize a small fraction of their proteins.", "57296eb01d04691400779437": "Chloroplasts have their own ribosomes, which they use to synthesize a small fraction of their proteins.", "57296eb01d04691400779438": "own ribosomes, which they use to synthesize a small fraction of their proteins.", "57296eb01d04691400779439": "Chloroplasts have their own ribosomes, which they use to synthesize a small fraction of their proteins.", "57296eee6aef051400154e8e": "layer", "57296eee6aef051400154e8f": "spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins about 45\u201360 nanometers across. They are surrounded by a lipid monolayer", "57296eee6aef051400154e90": "spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins about 45\u201360 nanometers across. They are surrounded by a lipid monolayer", "57296eee6aef051400154e91": "spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins about 45\u201360 nanometers across. They are surrounded by a lipid monolayer", "57296eee6aef051400154e92": "layer", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fb": "free", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fc": "free", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fd": "free", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fe": "free", "57296f85af94a219006aa403": "electrons", "57296f85af94a219006aa404": "electrons", "57296f85af94a219006aa405": "electrons", "57296f85af94a219006aa406": "electrons", "57296f85af94a219006aa407": "electrons", "57296fd71d0469140077943f": "10\u201320 thylakoids are most common.", "57296fd71d04691400779440": "10\u201320 thylakoids are most common. Wrapped around the grana are helicoid stromal thylakoids", "57296fd71d04691400779441": "10\u201320 thylakoids are most common.", "57296fd71d04691400779442": "10\u201320 thylakoids are most common.", "57296fd71d04691400779443": "helicoid stromal thylakoids", "5729703d3f37b319004783bb": "light energy", "5729703d3f37b319004783bc": "light energy", "5729703d3f37b319004783bd": "light energy", "5729703d3f37b319004783be": "hydrogen", "5729703d3f37b319004783bf": "hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space, decreasing the pH and turning it acidic.", "572970916aef051400154eba": "granal thylakoids, which are arranged in grana", "572970916aef051400154ebb": "Granal thylakoids are pancake-shaped circular disks about 300\u2013600 nanometer", "572970916aef051400154ebc": "granal thylakoids, which are arranged in grana", "572970916aef051400154ebe": "stromal thylakoids, which are in contact with the stroma.", "572970916aef051400154ebd": "stromal thylakoids, which are in contact with the stroma.", "57297103af94a219006aa423": "thirty photosynthetic carotenoids. They help transfer and dissipate excess energy", "57297103af94a219006aa424": "thirty photosynthetic carotenoids. They help transfer and dissipate excess energy", "57297103af94a219006aa425": "energy", "57297103af94a219006aa426": "energy", "57297103af94a219006aa427": "energy", "5729714daf94a219006aa42d": "colors", "5729714daf94a219006aa42e": "colors", "5729714daf94a219006aa42f": "colors", "5729714daf94a219006aa430": "colors", "5729714daf94a219006aa431": "colors", "572971af6aef051400154ede": "an enzyme called rubisco", "572971af6aef051400154edf": "high oxygen concentrations, rubisco starts accidentally adding oxygen", "572971af6aef051400154ee0": "high oxygen concentrations", "572971af6aef051400154ee1": "high oxygen concentrations", "572971af6aef051400154ee2": "ATP energy", "5729723c6aef051400154ee8": "light reactions", "5729723c6aef051400154ee9": "bundle sheath cells are specialized for each stage of photosynthesis.", "5729723c6aef051400154eea": "light reactions", "5729723c6aef051400154eeb": "bundle sheath cells are specialized for each stage of photosynthesis.", "5729723c6aef051400154eec": "bundle sheath cells are specialized for each stage of photosynthesis.", "5729729a1d0469140077948b": "photosynthetic parts of a plant green", "5729729a1d0469140077948c": "parenchyma cells, though chloroplasts can also be found in collenchyma tissue.", "5729729a1d0469140077948d": "photosynthetic parts of a plant green", "5729729a1d0469140077948e": "parenchyma cells, though chloroplasts can also be found in collenchyma tissue.", "5729729a1d0469140077948f": "photosynthetic parts of a plant green", "572972f46aef051400154ef2": "bundle sheath cells", "572972f46aef051400154ef3": "bundle sheath cells", "572972f46aef051400154ef6": "half a million chloroplasts. Within a leaf, chloroplasts are mainly found in the mesophyll layers", "572972f46aef051400154ef4": "half a million chloroplasts. Within a leaf, chloroplasts are mainly found in the mesophyll layers", "572972f46aef051400154ef5": "bundle sheath cells", "5729735c3f37b319004783fb": "low-light conditions, they will spread out in a sheet\u2014maximizing the surface area to absorb light. Under intense", "5729735c3f37b319004783fc": "intense", "5729735c3f37b319004783fd": "low-light conditions, they will spread out in a sheet\u2014maximizing the surface area to absorb light. Under intense", "5729735c3f37b319004783fe": "low-light conditions, they will spread out in a sheet\u2014maximizing the surface area to absorb light. Under intense", "5729735c3f37b319004783ff": "low-light conditions, they will spread out in a sheet\u2014maximizing the surface area to absorb light. Under intense", "572973ccaf94a219006aa449": "hypersensitive response, in which infected cells seal themselves off and undergo programmed cell death, and systemic acquired resistance", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44a": "High levels of reactive oxygen species", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44b": "hyper", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44c": "hyper", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44d": "purposely damaging their photosynthetic system", "57297427af94a219006aa453": "stress", "57297427af94a219006aa454": "stress", "57297427af94a219006aa455": "stress", "57297427af94a219006aa456": "stress", "572974923f37b3190047840b": "Water", "572974923f37b3190047840c": "chemical energy", "572974923f37b3190047840d": "Water", "572974923f37b3190047840e": "light energy.", "572974923f37b3190047840f": "light energy.", "572975073f37b31900478415": "potential energy stored in an H+, or hydrogen ion gradient", "572975073f37b31900478416": "ATP energy. The two photosystems capture light energy to energize electrons taken from water, and release them down an electron transport chain", "572975073f37b31900478417": "mitochondria, chloroplasts use the potential energy stored in an H+, or hydrogen ion gradient", "572975073f37b31900478418": "The two photosystems capture light energy to energize electrons taken from water, and release them down an electron transport chain", "572975073f37b31900478419": "The two photosystems capture light energy to energize electrons taken from water, and release them down an electron transport chain.", "572975511d046914007794a7": "depleted electrons at the end of an electron transport chain. Normally, the reenergized electrons are taken by NADP+", "572975511d046914007794a8": "depleted electrons at the end of an electron transport chain. Normally, the reenergized electrons are taken by NADP+", "572975511d046914007794a9": "water", "572975511d046914007794aa": "water", "572975a3af94a219006aa465": "five", "572975a3af94a219006aa466": "five", "572975a3af94a219006aa467": "3-phosphoglyceric acid", "572975a3af94a219006aa468": "five", "572976183f37b31900478431": "CO2 concentrations", "572976183f37b31900478432": "CO2 concentrations", "572976183f37b31900478433": "CO2 concentrations", "572976183f37b31900478434": "Water", "572976183f37b31900478435": "CO2 concentrations", "572976791d046914007794af": "the oxygen concentration", "572976791d046914007794b0": "the oxygen concentration", "572976791d046914007794b1": "Rubisco", "572976791d046914007794b2": "Rubisco", "572976791d046914007794b3": "Rubisco", "572976cfaf94a219006aa493": "it has trouble crossing membranes to get to where it is needed.", "572976cfaf94a219006aa494": "cysteine and methionine.", "572976cfaf94a219006aa495": "it has trouble crossing membranes to get to where it is needed.", "572976cfaf94a219006aa496": "it has trouble crossing membranes to get to where it is needed.", "57297725af94a219006aa49b": "There are many other types of plastids, which carry out various functions.", "57297725af94a219006aa49c": "There are many other types of plastids, which carry out various functions.", "57297725af94a219006aa49d": "various functions.", "57297725af94a219006aa49e": "There are many other types of plastids, which carry out various functions.", "5729779b6aef051400154f62": "etioplast stage before becoming chloroplasts.", "5729779b6aef051400154f63": "etioplast stage before becoming chloroplasts.", "5729779b6aef051400154f64": "etioplast is a plastid that lacks chlorophyll", "5729779b6aef051400154f65": "etioplast stage before becoming chloroplasts.", "5729779b6aef051400154f66": "light", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ad": "bright colors seen in flowers and ripe fruit.", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ae": "bright colors seen in flowers and ripe fruit.", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4af": "bright colors seen in flowers and ripe fruit.", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b0": "bright colors seen in flowers and ripe fruit.", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b1": "bright colors seen in flowers and ripe fruit.", "5729784b1d046914007794c9": "Min", "5729784b1d046914007794ca": "Min", "5729784b1d046914007794cb": "Min", "5729784b1d046914007794cc": "Min", "5729784b1d046914007794cd": "Min", "5729789b6aef051400154f6c": "outer plastid-dividing ring", "5729789b6aef051400154f6d": "outer plastid-dividing ring", "5729789b6aef051400154f6e": "outer plastid-dividing ring", "5729789b6aef051400154f6f": "outer plastid-dividing ring", "5729789b6aef051400154f70": "outer plastid-dividing ring", "572978e66aef051400154f76": "bright white light", "572978e66aef051400154f78": "bright white light", "572978e66aef051400154f79": "green", "572978e66aef051400154f77": "bright white light", "57297991af94a219006aa4b7": "pollen", "57297991af94a219006aa4b8": "pollen", "57297991af94a219006aa4b9": "pollen", "57297991af94a219006aa4ba": "pollen", "57296d571d04691400779413": "5", "57296d571d04691400779414": "5", "57296d571d04691400779415": "5", "57296d571d04691400779416": "5", "57296d571d04691400779417": "5", "57296f293f37b319004783a3": "Miller\u2013Rabin", "57296f293f37b319004783a4": "Miller\u2013Rabin", "57296f293f37b319004783a5": "Miller\u2013Rabin", "57296f293f37b319004783a6": "prime (or not) is called primality.", "57296f293f37b319004783a7": "22", "572970c11d04691400779463": "theorem", "572970c11d04691400779464": "theorem", "572970c11d04691400779465": "statistical behaviour of primes in the large, can be modelled. The first result in that direction is the prime number theorem", "572970c11d04691400779466": "theorem", "572970c11d04691400779467": "prime number theorem", "5729727baf94a219006aa437": "twin prime conjecture (that there are infinitely many pairs of primes whose difference is 2). Such questions spurred the development of various branches of number theory", "5729727baf94a219006aa438": "twin prime conjecture (that there are infinitely many pairs of primes whose difference is 2", "5729727baf94a219006aa439": "algebraic", "5729727baf94a219006aa43a": "twin prime conjecture (that there are infinitely many pairs of primes whose difference is 2). Such questions spurred the development of various branches of number theory", "5729727baf94a219006aa43b": "bach", "572973f76aef051400154f0a": "12", "572973f76aef051400154f0b": "5", "572973f76aef051400154f0c": "12", "572973f76aef051400154f0d": "12", "572973f76aef051400154f0e": "12", "57297547af94a219006aa45b": "1 to be a number, so they could not consider it to be a prime.", "57297547af94a219006aa45c": "Christian Goldbach", "57297547af94a219006aa45d": "1", "57297547af94a219006aa45e": "1", "57297547af94a219006aa45f": "Christian Goldbach listed 1 as the first prime in his famous correspondence with Leonhard Euler -- who did not agree.", "57297781af94a219006aa4a3": "15", "57297781af94a219006aa4a4": "15", "57297781af94a219006aa4a6": "15", "57297781af94a219006aa4a5": "15", "57297781af94a219006aa4a7": "15", "572978f91d046914007794d3": "the Ancient Greeks", "572978f91d046914007794d4": "the Ancient Greeks", "572978f91d046914007794d5": "the Ancient Greeks", "572978f91d046914007794d6": "the Ancient Greeks", "572978f91d046914007794d7": "the Ancient Greeks", "57297a276aef051400154f88": "1640", "57297a276aef051400154f89": "1640", "57297a276aef051400154f8a": "1640", "57297a276aef051400154f8c": "1640", "57297a276aef051400154f8b": "1640", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c7": "37", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c8": "an integer", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c9": "37", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4cb": "trial divisions need to be checked only for those m that are prime. For example, to check the primality of 37", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4ca": "37", "57297d421d046914007794e5": "Deterministic algorithms provide a way to tell for sure whether a given number", "57297d421d046914007794e6": "two main classes, probabilistic (or \"Monte Carlo\")", "57297d421d046914007794e7": "two main classes, probabilistic (or \"Monte Carlo\")", "57297d421d046914007794e8": "trial division", "57297d421d046914007794e9": "Deterministic algorithms provide a way to tell for sure whether a given number is prime or not. For example, trial division", "57297ed93f37b3190047845f": "Fermat primality test", "57297ed93f37b31900478460": "the fact (Fermat's little theorem) that np\u2261n (mod p) for any n if p is a prime number.", "57297ed93f37b31900478461": "Carmichael numbers", "57297ed93f37b31900478462": "Carmichael numbers", "57297ed93f37b31900478463": "Fermat primality test", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d1": "factorial primes.", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d2": "factorial primes.", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d3": "factorial primes.", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d4": "factorial primes.", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d5": "factorial primes.", "572982e66aef051400154f92": "distributed computing.", "572982e66aef051400154f93": "2009", "572982e66aef051400154f94": "2009", "572982e66aef051400154f95": "2009", "572982e76aef051400154f96": "distributed computing.", "572985011d04691400779501": "floor", "572985011d04691400779502": "Bertrand's postulate (proven first by Chebyshev", "572985011d04691400779503": "Bertrand's postulate", "572985011d04691400779504": "Bertrand's postulate (proven first by Chebyshev", "572985011d04691400779505": "Wilson's theorem", "572987e46aef051400154fa2": "infinitely many primes. The picture below illustrates this with q = 9", "572987e46aef051400154fa3": "let", "572987e46aef051400154fa4": "let", "572987e46aef051400154fa5": "arithmetic progressions asserts that the progression contains infinitely many primes. The picture below illustrates this with q = 9", "572987e46aef051400154fa6": "infinitely many primes. The picture below illustrates this with q = 9", "572989846aef051400154fc0": "zeta function is closely related to prime numbers.", "572989846aef051400154fc1": "\u03b6(1)", "572989846aef051400154fc2": "The zeta function", "572989846aef051400154fc3": "the", "572989846aef051400154fc4": "Eu", "57298ef11d0469140077952d": "1859", "57298ef11d0469140077952e": "1859", "57298ef11d0469140077952f": "1859", "57298ef11d04691400779530": "1859", "57298ef11d04691400779531": "1859", "57299021af94a219006aa50c": "Goldbach", "57299021af94a219006aa50b": "1912 are still unsolved. One of them is Goldbach", "57299021af94a219006aa50d": "Riemann hypothesis, many more conjectures revolving about primes have been posed.", "57299021af94a219006aa50e": "Goldbach", "57299021af94a219006aa50f": "sufficiently large odd integer", "572991943f37b319004784a1": "Polignac", "572991943f37b319004784a2": "Polignac", "572991943f37b319004784a3": "twin primes, pairs of primes with difference 2 (twin prime conjecture). Polignac", "572991943f37b319004784a4": "Polignac", "572991943f37b319004784a5": "Polignac", "57299326af94a219006aa515": "Hardy", "57299326af94a219006aa516": "G. H. Hardy", "57299326af94a219006aa517": "Hardy", "57299326af94a219006aa518": "Hardy", "57299326af94a219006aa519": "Hardy", "572995d46aef051400154fe8": "Giuga's conjecture says that this equation is also a sufficient condition for p to be prime.", "572995d46aef051400154fe9": "Giuga's conjecture says that this equation is also a sufficient condition for p to be prime.", "572995d46aef051400154fea": "Giuga's conjecture says that this equation is also a sufficient condition for p to be prime.", "572995d46aef051400154feb": "an integer n > 4", "572995d46aef051400154fec": "Giuga's conjecture says that this equation is also a sufficient condition for p to be prime.", "572996c73f37b319004784b3": "large", "572996c73f37b319004784b4": "large", "572996c73f37b319004784b5": "512", "572996c73f37b319004784b6": "modular", "572996c73f37b319004784b7": "512", "572998673f37b319004784d5": "Magicicada make use of prime numbers.", "572998673f37b319004784d6": "prime numbers", "572998673f37b319004784d7": "prime numbers", "572998673f37b319004784d8": "Magicicada make use of prime numbers.", "572998673f37b319004784d9": "prime numbers", "57299a6f6aef051400155016": "minimality or indecomposability, in an appropriate sense.", "57299a6f6aef051400155017": "prime\" indicates minimality or indecomposability, in an appropriate sense.", "57299a6f6aef051400155019": "prime\" indicates minimality or indecomposability, in an appropriate sense.", "57299a6f6aef05140015501a": "\"prime\" indicates minimality or indecomposability, in an appropriate sense.", "57299a6f6aef051400155018": "prime\" indicates minimality or indecomposability, in an appropriate sense.", "57299c2c6aef051400155020": "Prime numbers give rise to two more general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring R, an algebraic structure where addition, subtraction", "57299c2c6aef051400155021": "algebraic structure where addition, subtraction and multiplication are defined: prime elements and irreducible elements.", "57299c2c6aef051400155022": "algebraic structure where addition, subtraction and multiplication are defined: prime elements and irreducible elements.", "57299c2c6aef051400155023": "Prime numbers", "57299c2c6aef051400155024": "Prime numbers", "57299d1c1d04691400779581": "unique factorization domains.", "57299d1c1d04691400779582": "fundamental theorem of arithmetic continues to hold in unique factorization domains.", "57299d1c1d04691400779583": "The fundamental theorem of arithmetic continues to hold in unique factorization domains.", "57299d1c1d04691400779584": "unique factorization domains.", "57299d1c1d04691400779585": "The fundamental theorem of arithmetic continues to hold in unique factorization domains.", "57299ec43f37b3190047850d": "number", "57299ec43f37b3190047850e": "algebraic number theory and algebraic geometry.", "57299ec43f37b3190047850f": "algebraic number theory and algebraic geometry.", "57299ec43f37b31900478510": "theorem", "57299ec43f37b31900478511": "theorem", "5729a03f1d04691400779593": "Arithmetic geometry", "5729a03f1d04691400779594": "Arithmetic geometry also benefits from this notion, and many concepts exist in both geometry and number theory. For example, factorization or ramification of prime ideals", "5729a03f1d04691400779595": "proving quadratic reciprocity", "5729a03f1d04691400779596": "Arithmetic geometry", "5729a26d6aef05140015505a": "absolute value (also referred to as the infinite prime", "5729a26d6aef05140015505b": "prime", "5729a26d6aef05140015505c": "filling the gaps) with respect to the absolute value yields the field of real numbers", "5729a26d6aef05140015505d": "primes to number theory", "5729a3716aef05140015506a": "unpredictable rhythms", "5729a3716aef05140015506b": "unpredictable rhythms", "5729a3716aef05140015506c": "Prime numbers have influenced many artists and writers.", "5729a3716aef05140015506d": "third \u00e9tude, \"Neumes rythmiques", "5729a3716aef05140015506e": "unpredictable rhythms", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55b": "Romans", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55c": "Romans", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55d": "Cologne", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55e": "Romans", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55f": "Romans", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e37": "Romans", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3a": "Romans", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3b": "Romans", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56b": "R\u0113no", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56c": "Greek orthography", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56d": "R\u0113no", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56e": "R\u0113no", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad7": "Greek orthography", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad8": "Greek orthography", "572fe288a23a5019007fcada": "Greek", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad9": "R\u0113no", "572fe288a23a5019007fcadb": "R\u0113no", "572f567cb2c2fd140056803f": "Constance", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568040": "1939", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568041": "The river length is significantly shortened from the river's natural course due to number of canalisation projects", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568042": "The river length is significantly shortened from the river's natural course due to number of canalisation projects", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568043": "canalisation projects", "572fe393947a6a140053cdba": "Constance", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbb": "1939", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbc": "Constance", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbe": "Constance", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbd": "Constance", "572f5703a23a5019007fc573": "north near Chur", "572f5703a23a5019007fc574": "north near Chur", "572f5703a23a5019007fc575": "glacial", "572f5703a23a5019007fc576": "a natural dam", "572f5703a23a5019007fc577": "Chur", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4b": "near Chur", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4c": "Chur", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4d": "Chur", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4e": "wide", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4f": "Anterior Rhine and the Posterior Rhine join and form the Rhine. The river makes a distinctive turn to the north near Chur", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686d": "sediments", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686e": "sediments", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686f": "sediments", "572f57c704bcaa1900d76870": "sediments", "572f57c704bcaa1900d76871": "sediments", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e55": "sediments", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e56": "sediments", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e57": "sediments", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e58": "sediments", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e59": "sediments", "572f5875947a6a140053c89a": "flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta. The Dornbirner Ach", "572f5875947a6a140053c89b": "flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta. The Dornbirner Ach", "572f5875947a6a140053c89c": "The Dornbirner Ach", "572f5875947a6a140053c89d": "The Dornbirner Ach", "572f5875947a6a140053c89e": "sediment", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e69": "flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta. The Dornbirner Ach", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6b": "flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta. The Dornbirner Ach", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6a": "flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta. The Dornbirner Ach", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6c": "The Dornbirner Ach", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6d": "sediment", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57d": "three", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc580": "three", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57e": "Seerhein", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc581": "Seerhein", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57f": "three", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858b": "three", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858c": "three", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858d": "three", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858e": "three", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858f": "three", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc587": "Constance hopper", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58a": "Constance hopper", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc588": "Constance hopper", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58b": "Constance hopper", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc589": "Mainau into Lake \u00dcberlingen. Most of the water flows via the Constance hopper", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e95": "gray mountain water", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e96": "the Constance hopper", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e97": "the Constance hopper", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e98": "Constance hopper", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e99": "Constance hopper", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5af": "Dutch border.", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b0": "river Aare", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b1": "Dutch border.", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b2": "Dutch border.", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b3": "Rhine knee", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde0": "Dutch border.", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde1": "river Aare", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde2": "Dutch border.", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde3": "Dutch border.", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde4": "Constance", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ea": "Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North as Upper Rhine through the Upper Rhine Plain", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8eb": "Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North as Upper Rhine through the Upper Rhine Plain", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ec": "Central Bridge", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ed": "Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North as Upper Rhine through the Upper Rhine Plain", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ee": "Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North as Upper Rhine through the Upper Rhine Plain", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf2": "Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North as Upper Rhine through the Upper Rhine Plain", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf3": "Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North as Upper Rhine through the Upper Rhine Plain", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf4": "Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North as Upper Rhine through the Upper Rhine Plain", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf5": "Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North as Upper Rhine through the Upper Rhine Plain", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf6": "Central Bridge", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b7": "program", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b8": "program", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b9": "program", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680ba": "Grand Canal d'Alsace", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680bb": "program", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5b": "program", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5c": "program", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5d": "program", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5e": "program", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5f": "Grand Canal d'Alsace", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cc": "the Neckar, the Main", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cd": "the Neckar", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cb": "the Neckar", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680ce": "the Neckar", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cf": "the Neckar", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef5": "the Neckar", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef6": "the Neckar", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef7": "the Neckar", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef8": "the Neckar", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef9": "the Neckar", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5eb": "erosion", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ec": "erosion", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ed": "erosion", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ee": "erosion", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76eff": "erosion", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f00": "erosion", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f02": "erosion", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f03": "erosion", "572f6c85947a6a140053c940": "Cologne", "572f6c85947a6a140053c942": "Cologne", "572f6c85947a6a140053c943": "Cologne", "572f6c85947a6a140053c944": "Cologne", "572f6c85947a6a140053c941": "Cologne", "572ff293947a6a140053ce52": "industry", "572ff293947a6a140053ce53": "Cologne", "572ff293947a6a140053ce54": "Cologne", "572ff293947a6a140053ce55": "Cologne", "572ff293947a6a140053ce56": "Cologne", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc621": "tourism", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc622": "the Rhine flows around the famous rock Lorelei", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc623": "the Rhine flows around the famous rock Lorelei", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc624": "vines", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce66": "tourism", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce67": "Lorelei", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce68": "the Rhine flows around the famous rock Lorelei", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce69": "Lorelei", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce6a": "Lorelei", "572f7588947a6a140053c984": "Cologne, D\u00fcsseldorf and Ruhr area.", "572f7588947a6a140053c985": "Cologne, D\u00fcsseldorf and Ruhr area.", "572f7588947a6a140053c986": "the Rhine flows through the largest conurbation in Germany, the Rhine-Ruhr region.", "572f7588947a6a140053c987": "the Rhine flows through the largest conurbation in Germany, the Rhine-Ruhr region.", "572f7588947a6a140053c988": "the Rhine flows through the largest conurbation in Germany, the Rhine-Ruhr region.", "572ff430a23a5019007fcba9": "Cologne, D\u00fcsseldorf and Ruhr area.", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbaa": "the Rhine-Ruhr region.", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbab": "Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe (Duisport", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbac": "Cologne, D\u00fcsseldorf and Ruhr area.", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbad": "Cologne, D\u00fcsseldorf and Ruhr area.", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568154": "the Waal", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568153": "the Waal", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568155": "the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water.", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f24": "the Waal", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f25": "the Waal", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f26": "the Waal", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f27": "The Oude Maas", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a2": "the Pannerdens Kanaal", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a3": "the Pannerdens Kanaal", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a4": "the Lek", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a5": "Rhine north into the IJsselmeer (a former bay), while the Nederrijn", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2d": "the Pannerdens Kanaal", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2e": "Rhine", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2f": "Waal", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f30": "the Lek", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f31": "the Lek", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568657": "these streams no longer carry water from the Rhine, but are used for draining the surrounding land and polders.", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568658": "these streams no longer carry water from the Rhine, but are used for draining the surrounding land and polders.", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568659": "smaller streams farther to the north, which together formed the main river Rhine", "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865a": "North Sea. This branch once formed the line along which the Limes Germanicus", "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865b": "a sluice at Katwijk", "572ff673b2c2fd1400568669": "Millingen aan de Rijn", "572ff673b2c2fd140056866a": "Millingen aan de Rijn", "572ff673b2c2fd140056866b": "Millingen aan de Rijn", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f51": "Nederrijn", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f52": "middle flow begins as Nederrijn", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f53": "Nederrijn", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f55": "Nederrijn", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f54": "two bifurcations: first, at Millingen aan de Rijn", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568681": "1904", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568682": "the St. Elizabeth's flood", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568683": "the St. Elizabeth's flood", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568685": "1904", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568684": "archipelago-like estuary", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbce": "closed (\"dammed\") and now serve as drainage channels for the numerous polders. The construction of Delta Works", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcf": "Works", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcd": "closed (\"dammed\") and now serve as drainage channels for the numerous polders. The construction of Delta Works", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbd0": "Works", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869b": "tidal currents", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869c": "tidal currents", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869d": "high tide formed a serious risk because strong tidal currents could tear huge areas of land into the sea. Before the construction of the Delta Works", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869e": "al", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbe9": "somewhat larger Tethys sea", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbeb": "240", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbec": "the Tethys Ocean", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbea": "240 MBP and 220 MBP (million years before present). The present Mediterranean Sea descends from this somewhat larger Tethys sea.", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbed": "the Tethys Ocean", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b7": "Alpine orogeny", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b8": "Upper Rhine Graben", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b9": "Alpine orogeny", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686ba": "Alpine orogeny", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef0": "Constance", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef1": "Constance", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef2": "Constance", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc15": "six major Ice Ages have occurred, in which sea level dropped 120 m (390 ft) and much of the continental margins", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc16": "six", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc17": "six major Ice Ages have occurred, in which sea level dropped 120 m (390 ft) and much of the continental margins became exposed.", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc18": "six major Ice Ages have occurred, in which sea level dropped 120 m (390 ft) and much of the continental margins", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc19": "six major Ice Ages have occurred, in which sea level dropped 120 m (390 ft) and much of the continental margins became exposed.", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e5": "The last phase slightly predates the global last ice age maximum (Last Glacial Maximum). During this time, the lower Rhine", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e6": "The last phase slightly predates the global last ice age maximum (Last Glacial Maximum). During this time, the lower Rhine", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e7": "lower Rhine flowed roughly west through the Netherlands", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e8": "very cold phases", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e9": "dry", "572fff45947a6a140053cf26": "a glacier", "572fff45947a6a140053cf27": "a glacier", "572fff45947a6a140053cf28": "a glacier", "572fff45947a6a140053cf29": "sheets", "572fff45947a6a140053cf2a": "the Rhine's current course was not under the ice", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76fef": "Rhine", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff0": "Rhine", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff1": "Rhine", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff2": "vegetation", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff3": "Rhine", "573003dd947a6a140053cf42": "7500 yr ago, a situation with tides and currents", "573003dd947a6a140053cf43": "natural sedimentation by the Rhine and coastal processes together, could compensate the transgression by the sea", "573003dd947a6a140053cf44": "tides", "573003dd947a6a140053cf45": "7500 yr ago, a situation with tides", "573003dd947a6a140053cf46": "ongoing tectonic subsidence", "5730042804bcaa1900d77011": "Netherlands, the formation of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta", "5730042804bcaa1900d77014": "Netherlands", "5730042804bcaa1900d77012": "Netherlands", "5730042804bcaa1900d77013": "sea-level continued to rise in the Netherlands", "57300580b2c2fd140056874d": "peat", "57300580b2c2fd140056874f": "the sediment load", "57300580b2c2fd140056874e": "sediment load", "57300580b2c2fd1400568751": "sediment load", "57300580b2c2fd1400568750": "the sediment load", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702d": "1709", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702e": "1709", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702f": "1709", "5730069004bcaa1900d77030": "the former Meuse estuary, near Rotterdam. The river IJssel branch flows to the north and enters the IJsselmeer", "5730069004bcaa1900d77031": "1709", "57300761947a6a140053cf9a": "the boundary between Gaul and Germania.", "57300761947a6a140053cf9b": "it formed the boundary between Gaul and Germania.", "57300761947a6a140053cf9c": "The Upper Rhine had been part of the areal of the late Hallstatt culture", "57300761947a6a140053cf9d": "it formed the boundary between Gaul and Germania.", "573007fab2c2fd140056876b": "Black Forest", "573007fab2c2fd140056876c": "the water-boundary of the Rhine and upper Danube.", "573007fab2c2fd140056876d": "the water-boundary of the Rhine and upper Danube.", "573007fab2c2fd140056876f": "the water-boundary of the Rhine and upper Danube.", "573007fab2c2fd140056876e": "the water-boundary of the Rhine and upper Danube.", "57300888b2c2fd1400568775": "eight", "57300888b2c2fd1400568777": "five", "57300888b2c2fd1400568778": "five bases along the Rhine", "57300888b2c2fd1400568776": "eight", "57300888b2c2fd1400568779": "five bases along the Rhine", "57300911947a6a140053cfb6": "Nibelungenlied which tells of the hero Siegfried killing a dragon", "57300911947a6a140053cfb7": "Nibelungenlied which tells of the hero Siegfried killing a dragon", "57300911947a6a140053cfb8": "Nibelungenlied which tells of the hero Siegfried killing a dragon", "57300911947a6a140053cfb9": "Siegfried killing a dragon", "57300911947a6a140053cfba": "Nibelungenlied which tells of the hero Siegfried killing a dragon", "573009a004bcaa1900d7704f": "Holland, fell to the Burgundian Netherlands", "573009a004bcaa1900d77050": "Holland, fell to the Burgundian Netherlands", "573009a004bcaa1900d77051": "Holland, fell to the Burgundian Netherlands", "573009a004bcaa1900d77052": "Archduke Sigismund of Austria", "573009a004bcaa1900d77053": "Archduke Sigismund of Austria", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc97": "the Rhine crisis", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc98": "natural borders\" on the Rhine was a long-term goal of French foreign policy, since the Middle Ages, though the language border", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc99": "natural borders", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9a": "the Rhine crisis, prompted by French prime minister Adolphe Thiers's desire to reinstate the Rhine", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9b": "the Rhine crisis", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77063": "the Treaty of Versailles", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77064": "the Treaty of Versailles", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77065": "allies", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77066": "The Treaty of Versailles", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77067": "The Treaty of Versailles", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77087": "Seven", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77088": "Seven", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77089": "Seven", "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708a": "Seven", "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708b": "Seven", "57300c67947a6a140053cff0": "2010", "57300c67947a6a140053cff1": "2010", "57300c67947a6a140053cff3": "2010", "57300c67947a6a140053cff2": "2010", "57300c68947a6a140053cff4": "2010", "572fac17947a6a140053cb54": "1998", "572fac17947a6a140053cb55": "1998", "572fac17947a6a140053cb56": "1998", "572fac17947a6a140053cb57": "1998", "572fac17947a6a140053cb58": "1997", "572facb0a23a5019007fc863": "1914, but were shelved due to the outbreak of the First World War. A sharp rise in nationalism", "572facb0a23a5019007fc864": "1914, but were shelved due to the outbreak of the First World War.", "572facb0a23a5019007fc865": "1914", "572facb0a23a5019007fc866": "1914, but were shelved due to the outbreak of the First World War. A sharp rise in nationalism in Scotland during the late 1960s", "572facb0a23a5019007fc867": "Kilbrandon published his report in 1973", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86d": "oil", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86e": "oil", "572fad30a23a5019007fc870": "1974", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86f": "oil", "572fad30a23a5019007fc871": "oil", "572fadcbb2c2fd1400568329": "Edinburgh", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832a": "1978", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832c": "1978", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832b": "1979", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832d": "1979", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76bdf": "1979", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be0": "1979", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be1": "1979", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be2": "1979", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568333": "Kettle", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568334": "Tony Kettle", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568335": "Spanish architect Enric Miralles in partnership with local Edinburgh Architecture firm RMJM which was led by Design Principal Tony Kettle", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568336": "Tony Kettle", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568337": "Tony Kettle", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568349": "Holyrood", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568347": "Holy", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568348": "Holy", "572faf74b2c2fd140056834b": "Holyrood", "572faf74b2c2fd140056834a": "Holyrood", "572fb059947a6a140053cb80": "the City of Edinburgh", "572fb059947a6a140053cb81": "Holyrood", "572fb059947a6a140053cb82": "od", "572fb059947a6a140053cb83": "od", "572fb059947a6a140053cb84": "od", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c15": "one MSP", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c16": "Elaine Smith and John Scott", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c17": "129 MSPs", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c18": "129 MSPs, which is the only secret ballot conducted in the Scottish Parliament.", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c19": "A vote clerk sits in front of the Presiding Officer and operates the electronic voting equipment", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f7": "time and sets the work agenda in the chamber, is another of the roles of the Presiding Officer.", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f8": "Bureau", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f9": "time and sets the work agenda in the chamber, is another of the roles of the Presiding Officer.", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8fa": "The Presiding Officer also represents the Scottish Parliament at home and abroad in an official capacity", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5b": "131 seats in the debating chamber. Of the total 131 seats, 129 are occupied by the Parliament's elected MSPs", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5c": "131 seats in the debating chamber. Of the total 131 seats, 129 are occupied by the Parliament's elected MSPs", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5d": "131 seats in the debating chamber. Of the total 131 seats, 129 are occupied by the Parliament's elected MSPs", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5e": "131 seats in the debating chamber. Of the total 131 seats, 129 are occupied by the Parliament's elected MSPs", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5f": "131 seats in the debating chamber. Of the total 131 seats, 129 are occupied by the Parliament's elected MSPs", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc938": "silver", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc937": "silver", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93a": "1999", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc939": "silver", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93b": "silver", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c73": "Holy", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c74": "Holy", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c75": "Holy", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c76": "Holy", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c77": "Official Report", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95d": "Reflection", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95e": "Reflection", "572fc043a23a5019007fc960": "Reflection", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95f": "religious beliefs", "572fc043a23a5019007fc961": "Reflection", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc80": "The Presiding Officer (or Deputy Presiding Officer) decides who speaks in chamber debates and the amount of time for which they are allowed to speak.", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc81": "The Presiding Officer (or Deputy Presiding Officer) decides who speaks in chamber debates and the amount of time for which they are allowed to speak.", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc82": "different viewpoints and political parties when selecting members to speak.", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc83": "The Presiding Officer (or Deputy Presiding Officer) decides who speaks in chamber debates and the amount of time for which they are allowed to speak.", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc84": "The Presiding Officer (or Deputy Presiding Officer) decides who speaks in chamber debates and the amount of time for which they are allowed to speak.", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccb": "division bell", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccc": "division bell", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccd": "sounding of the division bell", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76cce": "sounding of the division bell", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccf": "sounding of the division bell", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8a": "the independence of Members of the Scottish Parliament", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8b": "free", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8c": "free", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8e": "moral issues", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8d": "free", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568447": "\"Members Debate\" is held, which lasts for 45 minutes.", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568449": "issues", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568448": "a \"Members Debate\"", "572fc659b2c2fd140056844a": "an MSP who is not a Scottish minister. Such motions are on issues", "572fc659b2c2fd140056844b": "a \"Members Debate\" is held, which lasts for 45 minutes. Members Business", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf5": "committee. The role of committees", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf6": "committee. The role of committees", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf7": "backbenchers", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf8": "committee. The role of committees", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf9": "The role of committees", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d07": "Mandatory Committees are committees which are set down under the Scottish Parliament's standing orders, which govern their remits and proceedings.", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d08": "Mandatory Committees are committees which are set down under the Scottish Parliament's standing orders, which govern their remits and proceedings.", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d09": "Mandatory Committees are committees which are set down under the Scottish Parliament's standing orders, which govern their remits and proceedings.", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0a": "Mandatory Committees are committees which are set down under the Scottish Parliament", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0b": "Mandatory Committees are committees which are set down under the Scottish Parliament's standing orders, which govern their remits and proceedings.", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d11": "fourth Session", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d12": "fourth Session", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d13": "fourth Session", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d14": "The current Subject Committees in the fourth Session", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d1f": "Parliament", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d20": "Edinburgh", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d21": "Private Bill Committees have been set up to consider legislation on issues such as the development of the Edinburgh", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d22": "Private Bill Committees", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568473": "2012", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568474": "The Scotland Act 2012", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568475": "The Scotland Act 2012", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568476": "2012", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568477": "2012", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f1": "5", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f2": "the Scottish Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f3": "reserved matters. All matters that are not specifically reserved are automatically devolved to the Scottish Parliament.", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f4": "The Scottish Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f5": "borrowing powers and some other unconnected matters such as setting speed limits and control of air guns", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847d": "Reserved matters are subjects that are outside the legislative competence of the Scotland Parliament.", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847e": "Reserved matters", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847f": "Reserved matters are subjects that are outside the legislative competence of the Scotland Parliament.", "572fcc43b2c2fd1400568480": "Reserved matters are subjects that are outside the legislative competence of the Scotland Parliament.", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccda": "private member; or a private bill can be submitted to Parliament by an outside proposer.", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdb": "outside proposer.", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdc": "private member; or a private bill can be submitted to Parliament by an outside proposer.", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdd": "outside proposer.", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccde": "private member; or a private bill can be submitted to Parliament by an outside proposer.", "572fce12a23a5019007fca11": "the Presiding Officer and the member in charge of the bill are also lodged indicating whether the bill is within the legislative competence of the Parliament.", "572fce13a23a5019007fca12": "the Presiding Officer and the member in charge of the bill are also lodged indicating whether the bill is within the legislative competence of the Parliament.", "572fce13a23a5019007fca13": "the Presiding Officer", "572fce13a23a5019007fca14": "the Presiding Officer and the member in charge of the bill are also lodged indicating whether the bill is within the legislative competence of the Parliament.", "572fce13a23a5019007fca15": "the Presiding Officer and the member in charge of the bill are also lodged indicating whether the bill is within the legislative competence of the Parliament.", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd02": "Stage 3 is the final stage of the bill and is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament.", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd03": "Stage 3 is the final stage of the bill and is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament.", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd04": "Stage 3 is the final stage of the bill and is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament.", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd05": "wrecking amendments\" to the bill, designed to thwart further progress", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd06": "Time", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684a9": "the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom for a ruling on whether it is within the powers of the Parliament.", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684aa": "the Presiding Officer submits it to the Monarch for royal assent and it becomes an Act of the Scottish Parliament", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ab": "the Presiding Officer", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ac": "the Presiding Officer", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ad": "the Presiding Officer", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca55": "Any member can put their name forward to be First Minister, and a vote is taken by all members of Parliament.", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca57": "Any member can put their name forward to be First Minister, and a vote is taken by all members of Parliament.", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca56": "a general election). Any member can put their name forward to be First Minister, and a vote is taken by all members of Parliament.", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca58": "the Lord Advocate", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca59": "Sovereign", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76d9f": "the Presiding Officer", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da0": "the first Thursday in May every four years (1999, 2003, 2007 and so on).", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da1": "Presiding Officer", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da3": "the Scotland Act 1998", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da2": "the first Thursday in May every four years (1999, 2003, 2007 and so on).", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd32": "Several procedures enable the Scottish Parliament to scrutinise the Government.", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd33": "Several procedures enable the Scottish Parliament to scrutinise the Government.", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd34": "the chamber", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd35": "the leaders of the opposition parties and other MSPs", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3a": "2.30pm, a 40-minute long themed \"Question Time", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3b": "11", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3c": "2.30pm, a 40-minute long themed \"Question Time", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3d": "a 40-minute long themed \"Question Time", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3e": "four", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684f9": "2005 reduction in the number of Scottish MPs, with the exception of Orkney and Shetland which each return their own constituency MSP.", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fb": "2005", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fa": "2005", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fd": "2005", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fc": "2005", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850b": "d'", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850c": "d'", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850d": "total number of seats in the Parliament are allocated to parties proportionally to the number of votes received in the second vote of the ballot using the d'", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850e": "d'", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850f": "d'", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851d": "1975", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851e": "1975", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851f": "number of qualifications apply to being an MSP. Such qualifications were introduced under the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 and the British Nationality Act 1981.", "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568520": "Scottish Parliament", "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568521": "Scottish Parliament", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dd9": "the first time in the Scottish Parliament where a party has commanded a parliamentary majority.", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dda": "Labour", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddb": "Iain Gray", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddc": "eight seats from the Liberal Democrats", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddd": "the first time in the Scottish Parliament where a party has commanded a parliamentary majority.", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca93": "David McLetchie", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca94": "Edinburgh Pentlands", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca95": "five", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca96": "Cameron congratulated the SNP", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca97": "Cameron congratulated the SNP", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9d": "West Lothian", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9e": "West Lothian question and has led to criticism.", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9f": "West Lothian", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa0": "Conservative", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa1": "West Lothian question and has led to criticism.", "572ff626947a6a140053ce8e": "moral conservatism, literalism, and the attempt \"to implement Islamic values in all spheres of life.", "572ff626947a6a140053ce8f": "moral conservatism, literalism, and the attempt \"to implement Islamic values", "572ff626947a6a140053ce90": "moral conservatism, literalism, and the attempt \"to implement Islamic values", "572ff626947a6a140053ce91": "moral conservatism, literalism, and the attempt \"to implement Islamic values", "572ff626947a6a140053ce92": "moral conservatism, literalism, and the attempt \"to implement Islamic values", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568677": "Hezbollah in Lebanon and Hamas in Palestine participate in democratic and political process as well as armed attacks, seeking to abolish the state of Israel.", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568678": "Hezbollah", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568679": "Lebanon", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867a": "Hezbollah in Lebanon and Hamas in Palestine participate in democratic and political process as well as armed attacks, seeking to abolish the state of Israel.", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867b": "Hezbollah", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f65": "Brotherhood", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f66": "Graham E. Fuller", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f67": "Brotherhood", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f68": "Brotherhood", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f69": "Brotherhood", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd5": "political", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd6": "political", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd7": "political", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd8": "political", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd9": "political", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76f9f": "the International Crisis Group", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa0": "the International Crisis Group", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa1": "the International Crisis Group", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa2": "the International Crisis Group", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa3": "the International Crisis Group", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee7": "fledgling Islamists and Islamist groups", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee6": "sometimes fledgling Islamists and Islamist groups", "572ffbaa947a6a140053ceea": "Islamist", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee9": "Islamist", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee8": "fledgling Islamists and Islamist groups", "572ffbaab2c2fd14005686cd": "Islamist", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef6": "Western investment", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef7": "Western investment", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef8": "prison", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef9": "prison", "572ffc99947a6a140053cefa": "Western investment", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc7": "Saudi-interpretation of Islam", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc8": "Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism.", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc9": "wars", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fca": "strict, conservative Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism.", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fcb": "Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism.", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686ef": "shelters", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f2": "incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful governments whose commitment to social justice is limited to rhetoric", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f0": "Islamist movements such as the Muslim Brotherhood, \"are well known for providing shelters, educational assistance", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f3": "rhetoric", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f1": "prohibitively costly dowry demands, legal assistance, sports facilities, and women'", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf14": "London", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf15": "the All India Muslim League", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf17": "London", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf16": "1908", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf18": "Oxford University press", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686f9": "secularism and secular nationalism", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fa": "his travels to Egypt, Afghanistan, Palestine and Syria, he promoted ideas of greater Islamic political co-operation", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fb": "his travels to Egypt, Afghanistan, Palestine and Syria, he promoted ideas of greater Islamic political co-operation", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fc": "Sir", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fd": "his travels to Egypt, Afghanistan, Palestine and Syria, he promoted ideas of greater Islamic political co-operation", "5730005db2c2fd1400568703": "lawyer he chose the profession of journalism, and wrote about contemporary issues and most importantly about Islam and Islamic law.", "5730005db2c2fd1400568704": "journalism", "5730005db2c2fd1400568705": "1941", "5730005db2c2fd1400568706": "1941 and remained its leader until 1972", "5730005db2c2fd1400568707": "1941", "57300137b2c2fd1400568717": "Abul Ala Maududi was an important early twentieth-century figure in the Islamic revival in India, and then after independence from Britain, in Pakistan.", "57300137b2c2fd1400568718": "journalism", "57300137b2c2fd140056871a": "1941 and remained its leader until 1972", "57300137b2c2fd140056871b": "1941", "57300200b2c2fd1400568729": "Sharia", "57300200b2c2fd140056872a": "Sharia", "57300200b2c2fd140056872b": "unity of God", "57300200b2c2fd140056872c": "Sharia", "57300200b2c2fd140056872d": "tawhid", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77001": "Hassan al Banna", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77002": "Hassan al Banna", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77003": "Hassan al Banna", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77004": "Hassan al Banna", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77005": "1928", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4c": "Al-Banna", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4d": "1949", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4e": "1949", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4f": "periodic repression", "5730040f947a6a140053cf50": "Al-Banna", "573004bf947a6a140053cf56": "periodic repression", "573004bf947a6a140053cf59": "periodic repression", "573004bf947a6a140053cf57": "semi-legal\" and was the only opposition group in Egypt able to field candidates during elections.", "573004bf947a6a140053cf58": "candidates during elections.", "573004bf947a6a140053cf5a": "Mohamed Morsi", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6a": "Israeli troops", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6b": "Israeli troops", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6c": "Israeli", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6d": "Israeli", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6e": "Israeli", "5730088e947a6a140053cfad": "Ali Shariati", "5730088e947a6a140053cfac": "Ali Shariati", "5730088e947a6a140053cfae": "Ali Shariati", "5730088e947a6a140053cfaf": "Ali Shariati", "5730088e947a6a140053cfb0": "lands", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b7": "economic sanctions", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b9": "economic sanctions, and has created or assisted like-minded Shia terrorist groups", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b8": "economic sanctions", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770ba": "Hezbollah", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770bb": "Hezbollah", "57300ec0947a6a140053d004": "Palestinian sheikh Abdullah Yusuf Azzam", "57300ec0947a6a140053d005": "Palestinian sheikh Abdullah Yusuf Azzam", "57300ec0947a6a140053d006": "Palestinian sheikh Abdullah Yusuf Azzam", "57300ec0947a6a140053d007": "Palestinian sheikh Abdullah Yusuf Azzam", "57300ec0947a6a140053d008": "Palestinian sheikh Abdullah Yusuf Azzam", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d1": "Islamist movement", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d2": "several hundred thousand US and allied non-Muslim military personnel", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d3": "Islamist groups", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d4": "Islamist movement", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d5": "west", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d7": "conservative Muslims", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d9": "conservative Muslims", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d8": "American troops", "573010fab2c2fd14005687da": "American troops", "573010fab2c2fd14005687db": "conservative Muslims", "573011de04bcaa1900d770f9": "1966", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fa": "1966", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fb": "1966", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fc": "1966", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fd": "1970s, the Brotherhood had renounced violence", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd09": "Egyptian Islamic Jihad organization responsible for the assassination of Anwar Sadat in 1981", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0a": "1981", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0b": "Egyptian Islamic Jihad organization responsible for the assassination of Anwar Sadat in 1981", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0c": "1981", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0d": "Egyptian Islamic Jihad organization responsible for the assassination of Anwar Sadat in 1981", "5730131c947a6a140053d052": "head of the counter-terrorism police", "5730131c947a6a140053d053": "counter-terrorism police", "5730131c947a6a140053d055": "counter-terrorism police", "5730131c947a6a140053d054": "counter-terrorism police", "5730131c947a6a140053d056": "counter-terrorism police", "5730208fa23a5019007fcded": "cent", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdee": "1987", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdef": "1988 Hamas charter", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf1": "1987", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf0": "1987", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f7": "542 people in 140 suicide bombing or \"martyrdom operations\".", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f8": "542 people in 140 suicide bombing or \"martyrdom operations\".", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f9": "it won the majority of the seats", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fa": "it won the majority of the seats, and in 2007 it drove the PLO", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fb": "542 people in 140 suicide bombing or \"martyrdom operations\".", "57302700a23a5019007fce89": "Hassan al-Turabi", "57302700a23a5019007fce8a": "Hassan al-Turabi", "57302700a23a5019007fce8b": "1979", "57302700a23a5019007fce8c": "Hassan", "57302700a23a5019007fce8d": "Hassan", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9d": "1985", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9e": "military", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9f": "1985", "573027d6a23a5019007fcea0": "1985", "573027d6a23a5019007fcea1": "1985", "5730285a04bcaa1900d77270": "Abbassi Madani", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726f": "Abbassi Madani", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726e": "Abbassi Madani", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726d": "Abbassi Madani", "5730285a04bcaa1900d77271": "Abbassi Madani", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77287": "Union", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77288": "vicious", "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728a": "communist forces", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77289": "the mujahideen's victory against the Soviet Union in the 1980s", "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728b": "In 1992, the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan ruled by communist forces collapsed, and democratic Islamist elements of mujahdeen founded the Islamic State of Afghanistan.", "57302a3aa23a5019007fcecf": "Deobandi movement established for impoverished Afghan refugees and supported by governmental and religious groups in neighboring Pakistan. The Taliban differed from other Islamist movements", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced0": "governmental and religious groups", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced1": "The Taliban differed from other Islamist movements", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced2": "ria", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced3": "The Taliban differed from other Islamist movements", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772af": "alcohol", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b0": "1977", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b1": "alcohol", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b2": "1977", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b3": "1988", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689db": "The Islamic State\", formerly known as the \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dc": "Sunni Arabs from Iraq and Syria.", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689de": "The Islamic State\", formerly known as the \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689df": "The Islamic State\", formerly known as the \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dd": "The Islamic State\", formerly known as the \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d7": "1999", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d8": "1999", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772da": "1999", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d9": "1999", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772db": "1999", "57302e45947a6a140053d22e": "different view of Muslim history than some other Islamists such as Muhammad Qutb", "57302e45947a6a140053d22f": "Ali", "57302e45947a6a140053d230": "1924", "57302e45947a6a140053d231": "1924", "57302e45947a6a140053d232": "Ali, or one of the other four rightly guided Caliphs in the 7th century, but with the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f5": "ideological", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f6": "ideological", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f7": "ideological", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f8": "Jordan", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f9": "terrorist groups", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77311": "South Asian", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77312": "strong Islamist outlook", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77313": "2007", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77314": "Islamist", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77315": "2007 Channel 4 documentary programme Undercover Mosque, has given rise to the term Londonistan.", "57303048947a6a140053d254": "2001", "57303048947a6a140053d255": "2001", "57303048947a6a140053d256": "communist ideology", "57303048947a6a140053d257": "2001", "57303048947a6a140053d258": "communist ideology", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c6": "military force", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c7": "colonization, use of military force", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c9": "military force", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4ca": "technologies and ideas", "573062662461fd1900a9cdf7": "Informal imperialism", "573062662461fd1900a9cdf8": "physical control or full-fledged colonial rule\". \"Informal imperialism", "573062662461fd1900a9cdfa": "Informal imperialism", "573062662461fd1900a9cdfb": "Formal imperialism\" is defined as \"physical control or full-fledged colonial rule\". \"Informal imperialism", "57306797396df919000960ee": "not been finalized for centuries and was confusedly seen to represent the policies of major powers, or simply, general-purpose aggressiveness.", "57306797396df919000960ef": "Informal", "57306797396df919000960f0": "finalized for centuries and was confusedly seen to represent the policies of major powers", "57306797396df919000960f2": "technological superiority, enforcing land officials into large debts that cannot be repaid, ownership of private industries", "57306797396df919000960f1": "informal rule", "573081c2069b531400832133": "imperium; for which the closest modern English equivalent would perhaps be \u2018sovereignty\u2019, or simply \u2018rule\u2019\".", "573081c2069b531400832134": "expansion", "573081c2069b531400832135": "\u2018sovereignty\u2019, or simply \u2018rule\u2019\".", "573081c2069b531400832136": "imperialism", "573081c2069b531400832137": "imperium; for which the closest modern English equivalent would perhaps be \u2018sovereignty\u2019, or simply \u2018rule\u2019\".", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6d": "Robert Young", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6e": "Robert Young", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6f": "The term \"imperialism\" is often conflated with \"colonialism\", however many scholars have argued that each have their own distinct definition.", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce70": "The term \"imperialism\" is often conflated with \"colonialism\", however many scholars have argued that each have their own distinct definition.", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce71": "The term \"imperialism\" is often conflated with \"colonialism\", however many scholars have argued that each have their own distinct definition.", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54c": "economic advantage over a land and the indigenous populations they control, yet scholars sometimes find it difficult to illustrate the difference between the two.", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54d": "scholars sometimes find it difficult to illustrate the difference between the two.", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54e": "scholars sometimes find it difficult to illustrate the difference between the two.", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c550": "scholars sometimes find it difficult to illustrate the difference between the two.", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54f": "scholars sometimes find it difficult to illustrate the difference between the two.", "5730876a396df9190009617a": "seemingly rational grounds.", "5730876a396df9190009617c": "seemingly rational grounds.", "5730876a396df9190009617b": "seemingly rational grounds.", "5730876a396df9190009617d": "seemingly rational grounds.", "5730876a396df9190009617e": "seemingly rational grounds.", "573088da069b53140083216b": "Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism", "573088da069b53140083216c": "Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel", "573088da069b53140083216d": "Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel", "573088da069b53140083216e": "Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel", "573088da069b53140083216f": "Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c576": "tropical environments", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c577": "tropical environments created uncivilized people in need of European guidance.", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c578": "tropical environments created uncivilized people in need of European guidance.", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c579": "environmental determinism", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c57a": "tropical environments", "57308ddc396df919000961a5": "Terra nullius", "57308ddc396df919000961a7": "Terra nullius", "57308ddc396df919000961a4": "Terra nullius", "57308ddc396df919000961a6": "Terra nullius", "57308ddc396df919000961a8": "empty land", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c580": "Edward Said", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c581": "Edward Said", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c582": "Edward Said", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c583": "Said", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c584": "Edward Said", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58a": "maps", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58b": "maps", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58c": "unknown or unexplored territory", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58d": "Bassett focuses his analysis of the role of nineteenth-century maps", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58e": "Bassett focuses his analysis of the role of nineteenth-century maps", "573092088ab72b1400f9c595": "Americas during the pre-Columbian era also had large empires such as the Aztec Empire and the Incan Empire", "573092088ab72b1400f9c594": "Imperialism", "573092088ab72b1400f9c597": "Imperialism", "573092088ab72b1400f9c598": "Imperialism", "573092088ab72b1400f9c596": "an important role", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5ae": "soft power", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5af": "soft power", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b0": "soft power", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b1": "soft power", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b2": "soft power", "57309446396df919000961b8": "1700", "57309446396df919000961b9": "Imperialism", "57309446396df919000961ba": "practices", "57309446396df919000961bb": "1700", "57309446396df919000961bc": "practices", "57309564069b5314008321a5": "John Gallagher (1919\u20131980", "57309564069b5314008321a6": "John Gallagher", "57309564069b5314008321a7": "1919\u20131980", "57309564069b5314008321a8": "John Gallagher (1919\u20131980", "57309564069b5314008321a9": "John Gallagher (1919\u20131980", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d2": "economic growth by collecting resources from colonies, in combination with assuming political control by military and political means", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d4": "economic growth by collecting resources from colonies, in combination with assuming political control by military and political means", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d3": "economic growth by collecting resources from colonies, in combination with assuming political control by military and political means", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d5": "economic growth by collecting resources from colonies, in combination with assuming political control by military and political means", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dc": "communication", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dd": "1880s", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5de": "communication", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5df": "machine gun", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5e0": "1880s", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e6": "allegedly aggressive and ostentatious imperial policies of British prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e7": "allegedly aggressive and ostentatious imperial policies", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e8": "Imperialism", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e9": "allegedly aggressive and ostentatious imperial policies", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c600": "domestic social reforms", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c602": "military-political complex", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c601": "1883\u20131950", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c603": "social reforms", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c604": "social reforms", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60a": "environmental determinism", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60b": "tropical environments were seen as \"less civilized\" therefore justifying colonial control as a civilizing mission.", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60c": "tropical environments were seen as \"less civilized\" therefore justifying colonial control as a civilizing mission.", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60d": "environmental determinism", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60e": "tropical environments were seen as \"less civilized\" therefore justifying colonial control as a civilizing mission.", "5730a314069b5314008321eb": "lazy", "5730a314069b5314008321ec": "lazy", "5730a314069b5314008321ed": "zones", "5730a314069b5314008321ee": "lazy", "5730a314069b5314008321ef": "lazy attitudes", "5730a40f396df91900096234": "political activity caused exploitation of the East India Company", "5730a40f396df91900096235": "political activity caused exploitation of the East India Company", "5730a40f396df91900096236": "political activity caused exploitation of the East India Company causing the plundering of the local economy", "5730a40f396df91900096237": "political activity caused exploitation of the East India Company", "5730a40f396df91900096238": "Portuguese", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf29": "Republicans", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2a": "Algeria", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2d": "1830", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2b": "1830", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2c": "1830", "5730a951069b531400832213": "1884 the leading exponent of colonialism, Jules Ferry declared France had a civilising mission: \"The higher races", "5730a951069b531400832214": "1884 the leading exponent of colonialism, Jules Ferry", "5730a951069b531400832215": "1884 the leading exponent of colonialism, Jules Ferry", "5730a951069b531400832216": "1884 the leading exponent of colonialism, Jules Ferry", "5730a951069b531400832217": "Algeria", "5730aa52069b53140083221d": "French", "5730aa52069b53140083221e": "anti-colonial movements", "5730aa52069b53140083221f": "Free French", "5730aa52069b531400832220": "Free French", "5730aa52069b531400832221": "1960", "5730ab63396df91900096260": "800 CE, forming the Holy Roman Empire, the first German Empire.", "5730ab63396df91900096263": "800 CE, forming the Holy Roman Empire, the first German Empire.", "5730ab63396df91900096261": "800 CE, forming the Holy Roman Empire, the first German Empire.", "5730ab63396df91900096262": "800 CE, forming the Holy Roman Empire, the first German Empire.", "5730ab63396df91900096264": "800 CE, forming the Holy Roman Empire, the first German Empire.", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf73": "acquisitions", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf74": "acquisitions", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf75": "acquisitions", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf77": "acquisitions", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf76": "acquisitions", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c682": "1883\u201384 Germany began to build a colonial empire in Africa and the South Pacific, before losing interest in imperialism", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c683": "1883\u201384 Germany began to build a colonial empire in Africa and the South Pacific, before losing interest in imperialism", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c685": "1883\u201384 Germany began to build a colonial empire in Africa and the South Pacific, before losing interest in imperialism.", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c684": "1883\u201384 Germany began to build a colonial empire in Africa and the South Pacific, before losing interest in imperialism.", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c686": "Hamburg", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa4": "the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, Japan took part of Sakhalin Island from Russia. Korea was annexed in 1910.", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa3": "the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, Japan took part of Sakhalin Island from Russia. Korea was annexed in 1910.", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa6": "Thai/Japanese alliance", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa5": "the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, Japan took part of Sakhalin Island from Russia. Korea was annexed in 1910.", "5730b255396df919000962b0": "the policy of \"Indigenization", "5730b255396df919000962b1": "the policy of \"Indigenization\" [korenizatsiia", "5730b255396df919000962b2": "the policy of \"Indigenization", "5730b255396df919000962b3": "internationalist ideology: Lenin in particular asserted the right to limited self-determination for national minorities within the new territory.", "5730b255396df919000962b4": "the policy of \"Indigenization", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc5": "Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism.", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc6": "Lenin wrote extensively on the matter and famously declared that Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism.", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc9": "Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism.", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc8": "Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism.", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc7": "Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism.", "5730b541396df919000962c2": "Americans", "5730b541396df919000962c3": "free trade", "5730b541396df919000962c5": "free trade", "5730b541396df919000962c4": "free trade", "5730b541396df919000962c6": "1815", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfcf": "Scramble for Africa and major additions in Asia and the Middle East.", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd0": "pseudo-sciences of Social Darwinism and theories of race", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd2": "Scramble for Africa and major additions in Asia and the Middle East.", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd1": "Scramble for Africa and major additions in Asia and the Middle East.", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c3": "Imperialism", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c4": "military force", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c6": "military force", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c5": "Imperialism", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c7": "the Monroe Doctrine.", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c704": "Bowman", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c705": "One key figure in the plans for what would come to be known as American Empire, was a geographer named Isiah Bowman", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c706": "Bowman", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c707": "Isiah Bowman", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c708": "Isiah Bowman", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d011": "various people groups as a form of imperialism or colonialism.", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d012": "its indigenous peoples during westward expansion, the United States took on the form of an imperial power", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d013": "internal colonialism\". Participation in the African slave trade", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d015": "the treatment of its indigenous peoples during westward expansion, the United States took on the form of an imperial power", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73c": "Sul", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73d": "Suleiman the Magnificent", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73e": "32", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73f": "Sul", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c740": "Suleiman the Magnificent", "5730bd00069b5314008322d7": "Germany", "5730bd00069b5314008322d9": "Germany", "5730bd00069b5314008322db": "Germany", "5730bd00069b5314008322da": "Germany", "5730982f396df919000961e2": "The United Methodist Church (UMC) is a mainline Protestant Methodist denomination. In the 19th century its main predecessor was a leader in Evangelicalism.", "5730982f396df919000961e3": "The United Methodist Church (UMC) is a mainline Protestant Methodist denomination. In the 19th century its main predecessor was a leader in Evangelicalism.", "5730982f396df919000961e4": "1968", "5730982f396df919000961e5": "1968", "5730982f396df919000961e6": "Wesleyan", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee5": "The United Methodist Church is the largest denomination within the wider Methodist movement, which has approximately 80 million adherents across the world.", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee6": "80 million adherents across the world.", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee7": "the UMC ranks as the largest mainline Protestant denomination, the largest Protestant church after the Southern Baptist Convention, and the third largest Christian denomination.", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee8": "The United Methodist Church is the largest denomination within the wider Methodist movement, which has approximately 80 million adherents across the world.", "57309921396df919000961f6": "mid-18th century within the Church of England.", "57309921396df919000961f7": "mid-18th century within the Church of England.", "57309921396df919000961f8": "mid-18th century within the Church of England.", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef7": "the \"Holy Club\" disbanded. John Wesley returned to England and met with a group of clergy", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef8": "to teach the gospel to the American Indians in the colony of Georgia.", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef9": "the \"Holy Club\" disbanded. John Wesley returned to England and met with a group of clergy", "573099f42461fd1900a9cefa": "the \"Holy Club\" disbanded. John Wesley returned to England and met with a group of clergy", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9ceff": "Coke", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf00": "fellow priest Thomas Coke", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf01": "Coke", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf02": "Coke", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf03": "Lovely Lane", "57309adb396df919000961fc": "1767", "57309adb396df919000961fd": "4th", "57309adb396df919000961fe": "1767", "57309adb396df919000961ff": "4th", "57309adb396df91900096200": "1767", "57309cd6069b5314008321c3": "Richard Allen and Absalom Jones", "57309cd6069b5314008321c4": "St. George's Church in 1784", "57309cd6069b5314008321c5": "1784", "57309d31396df91900096210": "1830", "57309d31396df91900096211": "1830", "57309d31396df91900096212": "1830", "57309d31396df91900096213": "1830", "5730a97a396df9190009625a": "April 23, 1968, the United Methodist Church was created when the Evangelical United Brethren Church (represented by Bishop Reuben H. Mueller", "5730a97a396df9190009625b": "April 23, 1968, the United Methodist Church was created when the Evangelical United Brethren Church (represented by Bishop Reuben H. Mueller", "5730a97a396df9190009625c": "April 23, 1968", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6d": "The Book of Discipline", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6e": "historic ecumenical creeds, the Apostle's Creed and the Nicene Creed; which are used frequently in services of worship.", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6f": "The Book of Discipline", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64e": "1784", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c650": "1784", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64f": "Thomas Vasey", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c655": "the evangelical tradition, others reflect the mainline Protestant traditions.", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c654": "evangelical tradition, others reflect the mainline Protestant traditions.", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c656": "Albert C", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c657": "evangelical tradition, others reflect the mainline Protestant traditions.", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c670": "Pre", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c672": "Prevenient grace", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c671": "Prevenient grace", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c673": "sin", "5730aeba069b531400832241": "Justifying Grace or Accepting Grace", "5730aeba069b531400832242": "sin", "5730aeba069b531400832243": "cancels our guilt and empowers us to resist the power of sin and to fully love God and neighbor.", "5730aeba069b531400832244": "Justifying Grace or Accepting Grace", "5730aeba069b531400832245": "Justifying Grace or Accepting Grace", "5730afed069b53140083225f": "Sanctifying grace", "5730afed069b531400832260": "Sanctifying grace", "5730afed069b531400832261": "Sanctifying grace", "5730afed069b531400832262": "genuine love of God with heart, soul, mind, and strength, and a genuine love of our neighbors as ourselves.", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c696": "the Holy Spirit", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c697": "holiness", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c698": "the UMC", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c699": "the Holy Spirit", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69f": "the Religious Coalition", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69e": "the sanctity of human life both of the child and the mother.", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c6a0": "Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6ae": "the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice's governing coalition", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6af": "supportive ministry", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6b0": "the sacredness", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfad": "TUMAS) to further their position within the denomination.", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfae": "the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice at their General Conference, held in May 2012", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfaf": "Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality (TUMAS) to further their position within the denomination.", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb3": "Money", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb6": "2011 and 2012, The United Methodist Church's General Board of Church and Society called on all United Methodists to abstain from alcohol for Lent", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb4": "his famous sermon, \"The Use of Money", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb5": "grape juice", "5730b54c069b53140083228d": "poor, the uneducated, ethnic and religious minorities, and persons with mental and emotional illnesses.", "5730b54c069b53140083228e": "marginalized persons including the poor, the uneducated, ethnic and religious minorities, and persons with mental and emotional illnesses.", "5730b54c069b53140083228f": "lex talionis", "5730b54c069b531400832290": "The General Conference of the United Methodist Church calls for its bishops to uphold opposition to capital punishment", "5730b5cc396df919000962d2": "Jimmy Creech", "5730b5cc396df919000962d3": "1999", "5730b5cc396df919000962d4": "Jimmy Creech", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd7": "the Connectional Table", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd8": "many organizations, conferences, and congregations have recently called for broader acceptance of the LGBT community within the UMC", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd9": "resolutions", "5730b776069b5314008322bd": "2005, clergy credentials were removed from Irene Elizabeth Stroud", "5730b776069b5314008322be": "2005", "5730b776069b5314008322bf": "2005", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cff9": "conscription", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffa": "military action", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffb": "conscription", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70e": "Christ's message and teachings.", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70f": "war is incompatible with Christ's message and teachings.", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c710": "general and complete disarmament under strict and effective international control", "5730bdfe396df9190009630e": "The Sexual Ethics Task Force", "5730bdfe396df9190009630f": "The Sexual Ethics Task Force", "5730bdfe396df91900096310": "The Sexual Ethics Task Force", "5730bf03069b5314008322eb": "The UMC", "5730bf03069b5314008322ed": "The UMC", "5730bf03069b5314008322ec": "The UMC", "5730c059069b531400832305": "ancient or modern language, which breathes more of a solid, scriptural, rational piety, than the Common Prayer of the Church of England.", "5730c059069b531400832306": "ancient or modern language, which breathes more of a solid, scriptural, rational piety, than the Common Prayer of the Church of England.", "5730c059069b531400832307": "Common Prayer of the Church of England.", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc46": "oil", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc47": "oil", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc48": "oil", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4c": "St. James UMC\")", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4d": "Methodist institutions", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4e": "Methodist institutions may be named after a biblical figure (e.g., \"St. James UMC\")", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc52": "General Conference and is the only organization which may speak officially for the church.", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc54": "General Conference and is the only organization which may speak officially for the church.", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc55": "Legislative changes are recorded in The Book of Discipline", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc53": "General Conference and is the only organization which may speak officially for the church.", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc56": "the General Conference and is the only organization which may speak officially for the church.", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa7": "five", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa8": "seven", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa9": "seven", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aaa": "the jurisdictional and central conferences which also meet every four years.", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aab": "the jurisdictional and central conferences which also meet every four years.", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449c": "the Mission Council", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449d": "the Mission Council of the South Central Jurisdiction", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449e": "the Mission Council", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449f": "the Mission Council of the South Central Jurisdiction which in March 2007", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e244a0": "the Mission Council of the South Central Jurisdiction which in March 2007", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac2": "Discipline", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac1": "the Book of Discipline", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac3": "The Judicial Council interprets the Book of Discipline", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac4": "Discipline", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac5": "The Judicial Council interprets the Book of Discipline", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154a": "any local congregation, and are appointed to a local church or other charge annually by the conference's resident Bishop at the meeting of the Annual Conference.", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154b": "The term Annual Conference", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154c": "any local congregation, and are appointed to a local church or other charge annually by the conference's resident Bishop at the meeting of the Annual Conference.", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c2": "The Book of Discipline is the guidebook for local churches and pastors and describes in considerable detail the organizational structure of local United Methodist churches.", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c3": "The Book of Discipline is the guidebook for local churches and pastors and describes in considerable detail the organizational structure of local United Methodist churches.", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c4": "The Book of Discipline is the guidebook for local churches and pastors and describes in considerable detail the organizational structure of local United Methodist churches.", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c5": "The Book of Discipline is the guidebook for local churches and pastors and describes in considerable detail the organizational structure of local United Methodist churches.", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c6": "The Book of Discipline is the guidebook for local churches and pastors and describes in considerable detail the organizational structure of local United Methodist churches.", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc66": "Syracuse", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc67": "education", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc68": "education", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc94": "John", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc95": "John Wesley", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc96": "the American Revolution which isolated the Methodists in the States from the Church of England and its sacraments.", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc97": "the American Revolution which isolated the Methodists in the States from the Church of England and its sacraments.", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af5": "Area Provost/Dean", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af6": "Area Provost/Dean (if one is appointed) and the several District Superintendents of the Districts of the Annual Conference.", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af7": "Area Provost/Dean (if one is appointed) and the several District Superintendents of the Districts of the Annual Conference.", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155a": "local church, or to other valid extension ministries of the church.", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155b": "preach", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155c": "District Superintendents, and they are eligible for election to the episcopacy. Elders serve a term of 2\u20133 years", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155d": "District Superintendents", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b03": "2\u20133 years", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b04": "contribute in worship, conduct marriages", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b05": "the church in embodying its mission within the world.", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b06": "preach the Word, contribute in worship, conduct marriages, bury the dead, and aid the church in embodying its mission within the world.", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d6": "1996", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d7": "1996", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d8": "transitional", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01562": "District Committee", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01563": "Associate Membership allowing them to retire as clergy. They also may continue towards ordination if they complete their bachelor'", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01564": "Associate Membership allowing them to retire as clergy. They also may continue towards ordination if they complete their bachelor'", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01565": "Associate Membership allowing them to retire as clergy. They also may continue towards ordination if they complete their bachelor'", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dc": "Individuals who were not previously baptized are baptized as part of their profession of faith and thus become Professing Members in this manner.", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dd": "confirmation and sometimes the profession of faith", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244de": "confirmation and sometimes the profession of faith", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fc": "youth", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fd": "youth", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fe": "The Book of Discipline", "5730de74f6cb411900e244ff": "youth", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b61": "not considered clergy, lay speakers often preach during services of worship when an ordained elder, Local Pastor, Associate Member or deacon is unavailable.", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b62": "not considered clergy, lay speakers often preach during services of worship when an ordained elder, Local Pastor, Associate Member or deacon is unavailable.", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b63": "not considered clergy, lay speakers often preach during services of worship when an ordained elder, Local Pastor, Associate Member or deacon is unavailable.", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b64": "not considered clergy, lay speakers often preach during services of worship when an ordained elder, Local Pastor, Associate Member or deacon is unavailable.", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b73": "United Methodist Church is one tradition within the Christian Church.", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b74": "observer", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b75": "false ecumenism might result in the \"blurring of theological and confessional differences", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce4": "2000", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce5": "A Commission on Pan Methodist Cooperation and Union formed in 2000 to carry out work on such a merger.", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce6": "1985", "5730eb5b497a881900248a3f": "Texas", "5730eb5b497a881900248a40": "Texas", "5730eb5b497a881900248a41": "Texas", "5730eb5b497a881900248a42": "Texas", "5730eb5b497a881900248a43": "Texas", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae5": "11.4 million, with about 7.9 million in the U.S. and 3.5 million overseas.", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae6": "Filipinos and Europeans making up another 10%.", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae7": "11.4 million, with about 7.9 million in the U.S. and 3.5 million overseas.", "5730ec85e6313a140071caba": "Wesleyan Holiness Consortium", "5730ec85e6313a140071cabb": "It is also active in the World Methodist Council", "5730ec85e6313a140071cabc": "2006", "5733cf61d058e614000b62e9": "the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War.", "5733cf61d058e614000b62ea": "The French and Indian War (1754\u20131763) was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War.", "5733cf61d058e614000b62eb": "The French and Indian War (1754\u20131763) was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War.", "5733cf61d058e614000b62ec": "The French and Indian War (1754\u20131763) was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War.", "5733cff84776f419006612b4": "the frontiers between New France and the British colonies, from Virginia in the South to Nova Scotia in the North.", "5733cff84776f419006612b5": "a", "5733cff84776f419006612b6": "the frontiers between New France and the British colonies, from Virginia in the South to Nova Scotia in the North.", "5733d13e4776f419006612c4": "he was defeated in the Battle of the Monongahela", "5733d13e4776f419006612c5": "Battle of the Monongahela", "5733d13e4776f419006612c6": "Battle of the Monongahela", "5733d13e4776f419006612c7": "Battle of the Monongahela", "5733d13e4776f419006612c8": "Battle of the Monongahela", "5733d249d058e614000b6331": "Pitt", "5733d249d058e614000b6332": "Prussia", "5733d249d058e614000b6333": "Prussia", "5733d249d058e614000b6334": "failed expedition", "5733d2dbd058e614000b6339": "Florida", "5733d2dbd058e614000b633a": "Florida (Spain had ceded this to Britain in exchange for the return of Havana, Cuba). France's colonial presence north of the Caribbean", "5733d2dbd058e614000b633b": "Florida (Spain had ceded this to Britain in exchange for the return of Havana, Cuba). France's colonial presence north of the Caribbean", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ea": "multiple names.", "5733d3cb4776f419006612eb": "multiple names.", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ec": "multiple names.", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ed": "multiple names.", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6353": "Seven Years\" refers to events in Europe, from the official declaration of war", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6354": "Seven Years\" refers to events in Europe, from the official declaration of war", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6355": "Seven Years\" refers to events in Europe, from the official declaration of war", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6356": "Seven Years\" refers to events in Europe, from the official declaration of war", "5733d5704776f4190066130e": "75,000 and was heavily concentrated along the St. Lawrence River valley", "5733d5704776f4190066130f": "75,000 and was heavily concentrated along the St. Lawrence River valley", "5733d5704776f41900661310": "75,000 and was heavily concentrated along the St. Lawrence River valley", "5733d68ed058e614000b637f": "their population centers were along the coast, the settlements were growing into the interior. Nova Scotia, which had been captured from France", "5733d68ed058e614000b6380": "French", "5733d68ed058e614000b6381": "French", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ab": "native tribes.", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ac": "the Mi'kmaq", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ad": "French and the British, large areas were dominated by native tribes.", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ae": "rule", "5733da01d058e614000b63f9": "French", "5733da01d058e614000b63fa": "French", "5733da01d058e614000b63fb": "Iroquois Six Nations", "5733dab4d058e614000b6409": "troupes de la marine", "5733dab4d058e614000b640a": "troupes de la marine", "5733dab4d058e614000b640b": "troupes de la marine", "5733db8dd058e614000b6428": "Troupes de la marine", "5733db8dd058e614000b6429": "Troupes de la marine", "5733db8dd058e614000b642a": "Troupes de la marine", "5733dc95d058e614000b644a": "Montreal", "5733dc95d058e614000b644b": "British", "5733dc95d058e614000b644c": "British", "5733dc95d058e614000b644d": "British", "5733dd4f4776f419006613aa": "French", "5733dd4f4776f419006613ab": "French", "5733dd4f4776f419006613ac": "the Natives of these localities are very badly disposed towards the French, and are entirely devoted to the English. I don'", "5733e5a14776f4190066145b": "the territory was also claimed by Pennsylvania, both colonies began pushing for action to improve their respective claims. In 1750 Christopher Gist", "5733e5a14776f4190066145c": "the territory was also claimed by Pennsylvania, both colonies began pushing for action to improve their respective claims. In 1750 Christopher Gist", "5733e5a14776f4190066145d": "the territory was also claimed by Pennsylvania, both colonies began pushing for action to improve their respective claims. In 1750 Christopher Gist", "5733e5a14776f4190066145e": "the territory was also claimed by Pennsylvania, both colonies began pushing for action to improve their respective claims. In 1750 Christopher Gist", "5733e5a14776f4190066145f": "the territory was also claimed by Pennsylvania, both colonies began pushing for action to improve their respective claims. In 1750 Christopher Gist", "5733e771d058e614000b6545": "1748", "5733e771d058e614000b6546": "1748", "5733e771d058e614000b6547": "1748", "5733e771d058e614000b6548": "conflicting territorial claims", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a6": "Charles Michel de Langlade, an officer in the Troupes de la Marine", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a7": "Charles Michel de Langlade, an officer in the Troupes de la Marine", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a8": "Charles Michel de Langlade, an officer in the Troupes de la Marine", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a9": "party", "5733ea04d058e614000b6594": "Troupes de la Marine", "5733ea04d058e614000b6595": "lead plates", "5733ea04d058e614000b6596": "lead plates", "5733ea04d058e614000b6597": "C\u00e9loron had mapped out four years earlier, but where C\u00e9loron had limited the record of French claims to the burial of lead plates", "5733ea04d058e614000b6598": "Troupes de la Marine", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cc": "War", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cd": "War", "5733eb34d058e614000b65ce": "War", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cf": "War", "5733ef47d058e614000b662b": "Ohio Company", "5733ef47d058e614000b662c": "in", "5733ef47d058e614000b662d": "Ohio Company, which stood to lose money if the French held their claim.", "5733ef47d058e614000b662e": "Ohio Company, which stood to lose money if the French held their claim.", "5733f062d058e614000b6633": "Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre, who succeeded Marin", "5733f062d058e614000b6634": "ie", "5733f062d058e614000b6635": "Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre, who succeeded Marin", "5733f062d058e614000b6636": "Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre, who succeeded Marin", "5733f1784776f41900661575": "Trent", "5733f1784776f41900661576": "Dinwiddie had sent a company of 40", "5733f1784776f41900661577": "Dinwiddie had sent a company of 40 men under William Trent", "5733f309d058e614000b6648": "Dinwiddie ordered him to lead a larger force to assist Trent", "5733f309d058e614000b6649": "Trent", "5733f309d058e614000b664a": "French", "5733f410d058e614000b6663": "Major", "5733f410d058e614000b6664": "Major", "5733f410d058e614000b6665": "Major General Edward Braddock", "5733f410d058e614000b6666": "Major General Edward Braddock", "5733f5264776f419006615a3": "Albany Congress", "5733f5264776f419006615a4": "Albany Congress", "5733f5264776f419006615a5": "Albany Congress", "5733f5264776f419006615a6": "Albany Congress", "5733f5f24776f419006615c1": "Braddock", "5733f5f24776f419006615c2": "George Washington as one of his aides) led about 1,500 army troops and provincial militia on an expedition in June 1755", "5733f5f24776f419006615c3": "The remaining 500 British troops, led by George Washington, retreated to Virginia", "5733f5f24776f419006615c4": "Braddock", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66a9": "Shirley's inexperience in managing large expeditions", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66aa": "logistical difficulties, exacerbated by Shirley's inexperience in managing large expeditions", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ab": "French", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ac": "Shirley's inexperience in managing large expeditions", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f7": "extended supply line to the forts on the Ohio, and had sent Baron Dieskau", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f8": "Johnson", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f9": "extended supply line to the forts on the Ohio, and had sent Baron Dieskau", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fa": "extended supply line to the forts on the Ohio, and had sent Baron Dieskau", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fb": "extended supply line to the forts on the Ohio, and had sent Baron Dieskau to lead the defenses at Frontenac", "5733f9fa4776f4190066161f": "Colonel Monckton, in the sole British success that year, captured Fort Beaus\u00e9jour", "5733f9fa4776f41900661620": "supplies", "5733f9fa4776f41900661621": "Petitcodiac", "5733faaf4776f4190066162f": "William Shirley", "5733faaf4776f41900661630": "Albany", "5733faaf4776f41900661631": "Fort Frontenac", "5733faaf4776f41900661632": "the death of Braddock", "5733fb7bd058e614000b66ff": "Lord Loudoun, with Major General James Abercrombie", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6700": "Major General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6701": "Lord Loudoun", "5733fc6ed058e614000b670f": "Scouts", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6710": "Scouts had reported the weakness of the British supply chain", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6711": "Scouts", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6712": "Scouts", "5733fd66d058e614000b6735": "oga", "5733fd66d058e614000b6736": "oga", "5733fd66d058e614000b6737": "oga", "5733fd66d058e614000b6738": "oga", "5733fe73d058e614000b673d": "he began organizing for the expedition to Quebec. He was then ordered by William Pitt", "5733fe73d058e614000b673e": "Montcalm, he began organizing for the expedition to Quebec. He was then ordered by William Pitt", "5733fe73d058e614000b673f": "he began organizing for the expedition to Quebec. He was then ordered by William Pitt", "5733fe73d058e614000b6740": "Pitt, the Secretary of State responsible for the colonies, to attack Louisbourg first.", "5733ffa7d058e614000b674f": "rangers", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6750": "rangers", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6751": "rangers", "57340111d058e614000b677d": "Fran\u00e7ois Bigot", "57340111d058e614000b677e": "poor harvest", "57340111d058e614000b677f": "poor harvest in 1757, a difficult winter, and the allegedly corrupt machinations of Fran\u00e7ois Bigot", "5734025d4776f419006616c3": "bie", "5734025d4776f419006616c4": "Loudoun", "5734025d4776f419006616c5": "Newcastle and his principal military advisor, the Duke of Cumberland", "5734025d4776f419006616c6": "Loudoun", "573403394776f419006616dd": "French", "573403394776f419006616de": "French", "573403394776f419006616df": "the improbable French victory in the Battle of Carillon", "573403394776f419006616e0": "French", "57340549d058e614000b67dd": "Pitt", "57340549d058e614000b67de": "Pitt", "57340549d058e614000b67df": "Pitt", "573406d1d058e614000b6801": "Wolfe", "573406d1d058e614000b6802": "Wolfe", "573406d1d058e614000b6803": "the Battle of Sainte-Foy", "573406d1d058e614000b6804": "French relief ships", "573407d7d058e614000b6813": "General Amherst", "573407d7d058e614000b6814": "Montreal", "573407d7d058e614000b6815": "September 1760, and before any hostilities erupted, Governor Vaudreuil negotiated from Montreal a capitulation with General Amherst", "573408ef4776f41900661757": "the Treaty of Hubertusburg on 15 February 1763. The British offered France the choice of surrendering either its continental North American possessions", "573408ef4776f41900661758": "the Treaty of Paris", "573408ef4776f41900661759": "the Treaty of Hubertusburg on 15 February 1763. The British offered France the choice of surrendering either its continental North American possessions", "573408ef4776f4190066175a": "the Treaty of Hubertusburg on 15 February 1763. The British offered France the choice of surrendering either its continental North American possessions", "57340a094776f4190066177d": "1755", "57340a094776f4190066177e": "1755", "57340a094776f4190066177f": "1755", "57340a094776f41900661780": "1755", "57340b1bd058e614000b6869": "lands", "57340b1bd058e614000b686a": "lands", "57340b1bd058e614000b686b": "lands", "57340d124776f419006617c3": "Forbes", "57340d124776f419006617c0": "Forbes", "57340d124776f419006617c1": "Forbes", "57340d124776f419006617c2": "Forbes", "57340d124776f419006617bf": "Forbes", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e71": "incomplete understanding of the sometimes non-obvious force of friction", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e72": "incomplete understanding of the sometimes non-obvious force of friction", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e73": "incomplete understanding of the sometimes non-obvious force of friction", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e74": "incomplete understanding of the sometimes non-obvious force of friction", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e75": "incomplete understanding of the sometimes non-obvious force of friction", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7b": "modern insights into quantum mechanics and technology that can accelerate particles close to the", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7c": "gauge bosons", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7d": "four", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7e": "four", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7f": "modern insights into quantum mechanics", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e85": "integral part of Aristotelian cosmology.", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e86": "an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology.", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e87": "four elements that come to rest at different \"natural places\" therein.", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e88": "a force as an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology.", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e89": "a force as an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology.", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e8f": "The shortcomings of Aristotelian physics", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e90": "shortcomings of Aristotelian physics would not be fully corrected until the 17th century work of Galileo Galilei", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e91": "impetus", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e92": "cannonballs", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e93": "gravity to an extent that was independent of their mass and argued that objects retain their velocity unless acted on by a force, for example friction", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e99": "constant velocity was associated with a lack of net force", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9a": "net force", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9b": "net force", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9c": "net force", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9d": "constant velocity was associated with a lack of net force", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea3": "physics", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea4": "physics", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea5": "physics", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea6": "constant", "573749741c4567190057445d": "many different forms of constant motion, even those that are not strictly constant velocity.", "573749741c4567190057445e": "The concept of inertia", "573749741c4567190057445f": "Albert Einstein extended the principle of inertia further when he explained that reference frames subject to constant acceleration", "573749741c45671900574460": "The concept of inertia", "573749741c45671900574461": "The concept of inertia", "573750f51c45671900574467": "kinematic measurements", "573750f61c45671900574468": "kinematic measurements", "573750f61c45671900574469": "General relativity", "573750f61c4567190057446a": "direct proportionality of acceleration to force and the inverse proportionality of acceleration to mass.", "573750f61c4567190057446b": "direct proportionality of acceleration to force", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eab": "different objects", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eac": "unidirectional force", "5737534ec3c5551400e51ead": "symmetry to situations where forces can be attributed to the presence of different objects", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eae": "Third Law is a result of applying symmetry to situations where forces can be attributed to the presence of different objects.", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb3": "particles", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb4": "closed system of particles, there are no internal forces", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb5": "particles", "573766251c45671900574471": "laboratory measurements of forces are fully consistent with the conceptual definition of force offered by Newtonian mechanics", "573766251c45671900574472": "laboratory measurements of forces are fully consistent with the conceptual definition of force offered by Newtonian mechanics", "573766251c45671900574473": "mechanics", "573766251c45671900574474": "laboratory measurements of forces are fully consistent with the conceptual definition of force offered by Newtonian mechanics", "57376828c3c5551400e51eb9": "vector quantities\". This means that forces follow a different set of mathematical rules than physical quantities that do not have direction (denoted scalar quantities", "57376828c3c5551400e51eba": "vector quantities\". This means that forces follow a different set of mathematical rules than physical quantities that do not have direction (denoted scalar quantities", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebb": "vectors", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebc": "mathematical rules than physical quantities that do not have direction (denoted scalar quantities", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebd": "vector quantities\". This means that forces follow a different set of mathematical rules than physical quantities that do not have direction (denoted scalar quantities", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec3": "static equilibrium", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec4": "static equilibrium", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec5": "static equilibrium", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec6": "the forces are acting on an extended body", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec7": "static equilibrium", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecd": "vector addition", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ece": "two forces, one pointing north, and one pointing east. Summing these component forces using vector addition", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecf": "vector addition", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed0": "northeast can therefore be split into two forces, one pointing north, and one pointing east. Summing these component forces using vector addition", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed1": "vector addition", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed7": "static friction", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed8": "static friction", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed9": "static friction force", "57376df3c3c5551400e51eda": "static friction", "57377083c3c5551400e51edf": "weighing scales", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee0": "static equilibrium between two forces is the most usual way of measuring forces, using simple devices such as weighing scales", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee1": "static equilibrium between two forces is the most usual way of measuring forces, using simple devices such as weighing scales", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee2": "static equilibrium between two forces is the most usual way of measuring forces, using simple devices such as weighing scales", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee3": "static", "573776eec3c5551400e51ee9": "rest", "573776eec3c5551400e51eea": "rest", "573776eec3c5551400e51eeb": "constant", "573776eec3c5551400e51eec": "Dynamic equilibrium was first described by Galileo who noticed that certain assumptions of Aristotelian physics", "573776eec3c5551400e51eed": "Dynamic equilibrium was first described by Galileo who noticed that certain assumptions of Aristotelian physics", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef3": "constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef4": "constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef5": "constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef6": "constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction", "57377aac1c45671900574479": "operators instead of classical variables and though the physics is now described by the Schr\u00f6dinger equation", "57377aac1c4567190057447a": "operators instead of classical variables and though the physics is now described by the Schr\u00f6dinger equation", "57377aac1c4567190057447b": "operators instead of classical variables and though the physics is now described by the Schr\u00f6dinger equation instead of Newtonian equations. This has the", "57377aac1c4567190057447c": "operators instead of classical variables and though the physics is now described by the Schr\u00f6dinger equation", "57377aac1c4567190057447d": "operators instead of classical variables and though the physics is now described by the Schr\u00f6dinger equation", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efb": "discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable called the \"spin\", and there is the Pauli principle", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efc": "spatial variable, but also a discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable called the \"spin\", and there is the Pauli principle", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efd": "spatial variable, but also a discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable called the \"spin\", and there is the Pauli principle", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efe": "spatial variable, but also a discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable called the \"spin\", and there is the Pauli principle", "57377c98c3c5551400e51eff": "discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable called the \"spin\", and there is the Pauli principle relating the space and the spin variables.", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f05": "A", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f06": "gauge bosons.", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f07": "momentum-carrying gauge bosons.", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f08": "A", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f09": "A", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f0f": "four", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f10": "very short distances", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f11": "electromagnetic force", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f12": "friction", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f13": "friction", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f19": "disparate ideas.", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1a": "disparate ideas", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1b": "disparate ideas.", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1c": "disparate ideas.", "573784fa1c45671900574483": "the work of Isaac Newton.", "573784fa1c45671900574484": "the work of Isaac Newton.", "573784fa1c45671900574485": "Isaac Newton.", "573784fa1c45671900574486": "not identified as a universal force until the work of Isaac Newton.", "573784fa1c45671900574487": "not identified as a universal force until the work of Isaac Newton.", "573786b51c4567190057448d": "larger distances", "573786b51c4567190057448e": "Moon around the Earth could be ascribed to the same force of gravity if the acceleration due to gravity decreased as an inverse square law", "573786b51c4567190057448f": "gravity", "573786b51c45671900574490": "gravity", "57378862c3c5551400e51f21": "1798", "57378862c3c5551400e51f22": "1798", "57378862c3c5551400e51f23": "1798", "57378862c3c5551400e51f24": "1798", "5737898f1c45671900574495": "tation", "5737898f1c45671900574496": "another planet (Vulcan", "5737898f1c45671900574497": "no such planet could be found.", "5737898f1c45671900574498": "no such planet could be found.", "5737898f1c45671900574499": "tation", "57378b141c4567190057449f": "general relativity has been acknowledged as the theory that best explains gravity.", "57378b141c456719005744a0": "general relativity has been acknowledged as the theory that best explains gravity.", "57378b141c456719005744a1": "general relativity has been acknowledged as the theory that best explains gravity.", "57378b141c456719005744a2": "general relativity has been acknowledged as the theory that best explains gravity.", "57378c9b1c456719005744a8": "current", "57378c9b1c456719005744a9": "The connection between electricity and magnetism allows for the description of a unified electromagnetic force", "57378c9b1c456719005744a7": "electric current as the time rate of change of electric charge, a rule of vector multiplication", "57378c9b1c456719005744aa": "electric current", "57378e311c456719005744af": "1864", "57378e311c456719005744b0": "1864", "57378e311c456719005744b1": "1864", "57378e311c456719005744b2": "4 vector equations", "57378e311c456719005744b3": "1864", "573792ee1c456719005744b9": "electromagnetic theory with two observations, the photoelectric effect, and the nonexistence of the ultraviolet catastrophe, proved troublesome.", "573792ee1c456719005744ba": "leading theoretical physicists, a new theory of electromagnetism", "573792ee1c456719005744bb": "photoelectric effect, and the nonexistence of the ultraviolet catastrophe, proved troublesome.", "573792ee1c456719005744bc": "photoelectric effect, and the nonexistence of the ultraviolet catastrophe, proved troublesome.", "573792ee1c456719005744bd": "electromagnetic theory with two observations, the photoelectric effect, and the nonexistence of the ultraviolet catastrophe, proved troublesome.", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f29": "like charges under the influence of the electromagnetic force. However, these characteristics actually result from the Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2a": "the Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2b": "the Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2c": "principle", "5737958b1c456719005744c3": "like charges under the influence of the electromagnetic force. However, these characteristics actually result from the Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958b1c456719005744c4": "the Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958b1c456719005744c5": "the Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958b1c456719005744c6": "principle", "573796edc3c5551400e51f33": "strong force", "573796edc3c5551400e51f34": "strong force", "573796edc3c5551400e51f35": "strong force", "573796edc3c5551400e51f36": "strong force", "573796edc3c5551400e51f37": "strong force", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3d": "heavy W and Z bosons. Its most familiar effect is beta decay (of neutrons in atomic nuclei) and the associated radioactivity.", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3e": "heavy W and Z bosons. Its most familiar effect is beta decay (of neutrons in atomic nuclei) and the associated radioactivity.", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3f": "Its most familiar effect is beta decay (of neutrons in atomic nuclei) and the associated radioactivity.", "57379829c3c5551400e51f40": "the field strength is some 1013 times less than that of the strong force", "57379829c3c5551400e51f41": "field strength", "57379a4b1c456719005744cd": "tables", "57379a4b1c456719005744ce": "ulsive forces of interaction between atoms at close contact. When their electron clouds", "57379a4b1c456719005744cf": "normal force", "57379a4b1c456719005744d0": "tables", "57379ed81c456719005744d5": "ideal pulleys, which allow ideal strings to switch physical direction.", "57379ed81c456719005744d6": "ideal pulleys, which allow ideal strings to switch physical direction.", "57379ed81c456719005744d7": "Ideal strings transmit tension forces instantaneously in action-reaction pairs", "57379ed81c456719005744d8": "tandem effects result ultimately in the conservation of mechanical energy", "57379ed81c456719005744d9": "Ideal strings transmit tension forces instantaneously in action-reaction pairs", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f47": "extended fluids", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f48": "extended fluids, differences in pressure", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f49": "extended fluids, differences in pressure", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4a": "extended fluids", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4b": "extended fluids", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f51": "The stress tensor", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f52": "The stress tensor", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f53": "The stress tensor", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f54": "The stress tensor", "5737a4511c456719005744df": "angle is the rotational equivalent for position, angular velocity for velocity, and angular momentum for momentum.", "5737a4511c456719005744e0": "angle is the rotational equivalent for position, angular velocity for velocity, and angular momentum for momentum.", "5737a4511c456719005744e1": "angle is the rotational equivalent for position, angular velocity for velocity, and angular momentum for momentum.", "5737a5931c456719005744e7": "radial (centripetal)", "5737a5931c456719005744e8": "radial", "5737a5931c456719005744e9": "radial", "5737a5931c456719005744ea": "radial", "5737a5931c456719005744eb": "radial (centripetal)", "5737a7351c456719005744f1": "conservative force", "5737a7351c456719005744f2": "conservative force", "5737a7351c456719005744f3": "conservative force", "5737a7351c456719005744f4": "potential energy", "5737a7351c456719005744f5": "potential energy", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f59": "friction", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5a": "friction", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5b": "friction", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5c": "friction", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f61": "statistical mechanics", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f62": "nonconservative forces", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f63": "nonconservative forces", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f64": "nonconservative forces", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f65": "nonconservative forces", "5737aafd1c456719005744fb": "kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond), is the force exerted by standard gravity", "5737aafd1c456719005744fc": "gravity", "5737aafd1c456719005744fd": "gravity", "5737aafd1c456719005744fe": "gravity", "5737aafd1c456719005744ff": "gravity" }