import math import inspect from dataclasses import dataclass import torch import torch.nn as nn from torch.nn import functional as F class LayerNorm(nn.Module): def __init__(self, ndim, bias): super().__init__() self.weight = nn.Parameter(torch.ones(ndim)) self.bias = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(ndim)) if bias else None def forward(self, input): return F.layer_norm(input, self.weight.shape, self.weight, self.bias, 1e-5) class CausalSelfAttention(nn.Module): def __init__(self, config): super().__init__() assert config.n_embd % config.n_head == 0 self.c_attn = nn.Linear(config.n_embd, 3 * config.n_embd, bias=config.bias) self.c_proj = nn.Linear(config.n_embd, config.n_embd, bias=config.bias) self.attn_dropout = nn.Dropout(config.dropout) self.resid_dropout = nn.Dropout(config.dropout) self.n_head = config.n_head self.n_embd = config.n_embd self.dropout = config.dropout # flash attention make GPU go brrrrr but support is only in PyTorch >= 2.0 self.flash = hasattr(torch.nn.functional, 'scaled_dot_product_attention') if not self.flash: print("WARNING: using slow attention. Flash Attention requires PyTorch >= 2.0") # causal mask to ensure that attention is only applied to the left in the input sequence self.register_buffer("bias", torch.tril(torch.ones(config.block_size, config.block_size)) .view(1, 1, config.block_size, config.block_size)) def forward(self, x): B, T, C = x.size() q, k, v = self.c_attn(x).split(self.n_embd, dim=2) k = k.view(B, T, self.n_head, C // self.n_head).transpose(1, 2) # (B, nh, T, hs) q = q.view(B, T, self.n_head, C // self.n_head).transpose(1, 2) # (B, nh, T, hs) v = v.view(B, T, self.n_head, C // self.n_head).transpose(1, 2) # (B, nh, T, hs) if self.flash: y = torch.nn.functional.scaled_dot_product_attention(q, k, v, attn_mask=None, dropout_p=self.dropout if self.training else 0, is_causal=True) else: att = (q @ k.transpose(-2, -1)) * (1.0 / math.sqrt(k.size(-1))) att = att.masked_fill(self.bias[:,:,:T,:T] == 0, float('-inf')) att = F.softmax(att, dim=-1) att = self.attn_dropout(att) y = att @ v y = y.transpose(1, 2).contiguous().view(B, T, C) y = self.resid_dropout(self.c_proj(y)) return y class MLP(nn.Module): def __init__(self, config): super().__init__() self.c_fc = nn.Linear(config.n_embd, 4 * config.n_embd, bias=config.bias) self.gelu = nn.GELU() self.c_proj = nn.Linear(4 * config.n_embd, config.n_embd, bias=config.bias) self.dropout = nn.Dropout(config.dropout) def forward(self, x): x = self.c_fc(x) x = self.gelu(x) x = self.c_proj(x) x = self.dropout(x) return x class Block(nn.Module): def __init__(self, config): super().__init__() self.ln_1 = LayerNorm(config.n_embd, bias=config.bias) self.attn = CausalSelfAttention(config) self.ln_2 = LayerNorm(config.n_embd, bias=config.bias) self.mlp = MLP(config) def forward(self, x): x = x + self.attn(self.ln_1(x)) x = x + self.mlp(self.ln_2(x)) return x @dataclass class GPTConfig: block_size: int = 1024 vocab_size: int = 50304 # GPT-2 vocab_size of 50257, padded up to nearest multiple of 64 for efficiency n_layer: int = 12 n_head: int = 12 n_embd: int = 768 dropout: float = 0.0 bias: bool = True # True: bias in Linears and LayerNorms, like GPT-2. False: a bit better and faster class GPT(nn.Module): def __init__(self, config): super().__init__() assert config.vocab_size is not None assert config.block_size is not None self.config = config self.transformer = nn.ModuleDict(dict( wte = nn.Embedding(config.vocab_size, config.n_embd), wpe = nn.Embedding(config.block_size, config.n_embd), drop = nn.Dropout(config.dropout), h = nn.ModuleList([Block(config) for _ in range(config.n_layer)]), ln_f = LayerNorm(config.n_embd, bias=config.bias), )) self.lm_head = nn.Linear(config.n_embd, config.vocab_size, bias=False) self.transformer.wte.weight = self.lm_head.weight # https://paperswithcode.com/method/weight-tying self.apply(self._init_weights) # apply special scaled init to the residual projections, per GPT-2 paper for pn, p in self.named_parameters(): if pn.endswith('c_proj.weight'): torch.nn.init.normal_(p, mean=0.0, std=0.02/math.sqrt(2 * config.n_layer)) # report number of parameters print("number of parameters: %.2fM" % (self.get_num_params()/1e6,)) def get_num_params(self, non_embedding=True): n_params = sum(p.numel() for p in self.parameters()) if non_embedding: n_params -= self.transformer.wpe.weight.numel() return n_params def _init_weights(self, module): if isinstance(module, nn.Linear): torch.nn.init.normal_(module.weight, mean=0.0, std=0.02) if module.bias is not None: torch.nn.init.zeros_(module.bias) elif isinstance(module, nn.Embedding): torch.nn.init.normal_(module.weight, mean=0.0, std=0.02) def forward(self, idx, targets=None): device = idx.device b, t = idx.size() assert t <= self.config.block_size, f"Cannot forward sequence of length {t}, block size is only {self.config.block_size}" pos = torch.arange(0, t, dtype=torch.long, device=device) # shape (t) # forward the GPT model itself tok_emb = self.transformer.wte(idx) # token embeddings of shape (b, t, n_embd) pos_emb = self.transformer.wpe(pos) # position embeddings of shape (t, n_embd) x = self.transformer.drop(tok_emb + pos_emb) for block in self.transformer.h: x = block(x) x = self.transformer.ln_f(x) if targets is not None: # if we are given some desired targets also calculate the loss logits = self.lm_head(x) loss = F.cross_entropy(logits.view(-1, logits.size(-1)), targets.view(-1), ignore_index=-1) else: # inference-time mini-optimization: only forward the lm_head on the very last position logits = self.lm_head(x[:, [-1], :]) # note: using list [-1] to preserve the time dim loss = None return logits, loss def crop_block_size(self, block_size): # model surgery to decrease the block size if necessary # e.g. we may load the GPT2 pretrained model checkpoint (block size 1024) # but want to use a smaller block size for some smaller, simpler model assert block_size <= self.config.block_size self.config.block_size = block_size self.transformer.wpe.weight = nn.Parameter(self.transformer.wpe.weight[:block_size]) for block in self.transformer.h: if hasattr(block.attn, 'bias'): block.attn.bias = block.attn.bias[:,:,:block_size,:block_size] @classmethod def from_pretrained(cls, model_type, override_args=None): assert model_type in {'gpt2', 'gpt2-medium', 'gpt2-large', 'gpt2-xl'} override_args = override_args or {} # default to empty dict # only dropout can be overridden see more notes below assert all(k == 'dropout' for k in override_args) from transformers import GPT2LMHeadModel print("loading weights from pretrained gpt: %s" % model_type) # n_layer, n_head and n_embd are determined from model_type config_args = { 'gpt2': dict(n_layer=12, n_head=12, n_embd=768), # 124M params 'gpt2-medium': dict(n_layer=24, n_head=16, n_embd=1024), # 350M params 'gpt2-large': dict(n_layer=36, n_head=20, n_embd=1280), # 774M params 'gpt2-xl': dict(n_layer=48, n_head=25, n_embd=1600), # 1558M params }[model_type] print("forcing vocab_size=50257, block_size=1024, bias=True") config_args['vocab_size'] = 50257 # always 50257 for GPT model checkpoints config_args['block_size'] = 1024 # always 1024 for GPT model checkpoints config_args['bias'] = True # always True for GPT model checkpoints # we can override the dropout rate, if desired if 'dropout' in override_args: print(f"overriding dropout rate to {override_args['dropout']}") config_args['dropout'] = override_args['dropout'] # create a from-scratch initialized minGPT model config = GPTConfig(**config_args) model = GPT(config) sd = model.state_dict() sd_keys = sd.keys() sd_keys = [k for k in sd_keys if not k.endswith('.attn.bias')] # discard this mask / buffer, not a param # init a huggingface/transformers model model_hf = GPT2LMHeadModel.from_pretrained(model_type) sd_hf = model_hf.state_dict() # copy while ensuring all of the parameters are aligned and match in names and shapes sd_keys_hf = sd_hf.keys() sd_keys_hf = [k for k in sd_keys_hf if not k.endswith('.attn.masked_bias')] # ignore these, just a buffer sd_keys_hf = [k for k in sd_keys_hf if not k.endswith('.attn.bias')] # same, just the mask (buffer) transposed = ['attn.c_attn.weight', 'attn.c_proj.weight', 'mlp.c_fc.weight', 'mlp.c_proj.weight'] # basically the openai checkpoints use a "Conv1D" module, but we only want to use a vanilla Linear # this means that we have to transpose these weights when we import them assert len(sd_keys_hf) == len(sd_keys), f"mismatched keys: {len(sd_keys_hf)} != {len(sd_keys)}" for k in sd_keys_hf: if any(k.endswith(w) for w in transposed): # special treatment for the Conv1D weights we need to transpose assert sd_hf[k].shape[::-1] == sd[k].shape with torch.no_grad(): sd[k].copy_(sd_hf[k].t()) else: # vanilla copy over the other parameters assert sd_hf[k].shape == sd[k].shape with torch.no_grad(): sd[k].copy_(sd_hf[k]) return model def configure_optimizers(self, weight_decay, learning_rate, betas, device_type, use_8bit, use_4bit): # start with all of the candidate parameters param_dict = {pn: p for pn, p in self.named_parameters()} # filter out those that do not require grad param_dict = {pn: p for pn, p in param_dict.items() if p.requires_grad} # create optim groups. Any parameters that is 2D will be weight decayed, otherwise no. # i.e. all weight tensors in matmuls + embeddings decay, all biases and layernorms don't. decay_params = [p for n, p in param_dict.items() if p.dim() >= 2] nodecay_params = [p for n, p in param_dict.items() if p.dim() < 2] optim_groups = [ {'params': decay_params, 'weight_decay': weight_decay}, {'params': nodecay_params, 'weight_decay': 0.0} ] num_decay_params = sum(p.numel() for p in decay_params) num_nodecay_params = sum(p.numel() for p in nodecay_params) print(f"num decayed parameter tensors: {len(decay_params)}, with {num_decay_params:,} parameters") print(f"num non-decayed parameter tensors: {len(nodecay_params)}, with {num_nodecay_params:,} parameters") # Create AdamW optimizer and use the fused version if it is available fused_available = 'fused' in inspect.signature(torch.optim.AdamW).parameters use_fused = fused_available and device_type == 'cuda' extra_args = dict(fused=True) if use_fused else dict() optimizer = torch.optim.AdamW(optim_groups, lr=learning_rate, betas=betas, **extra_args) print(f"using fused AdamW: {use_fused}") return optimizer def estimate_mfu(self, fwdbwd_per_iter, dt): """ estimate model flops utilization (MFU) in units of A100 bfloat16 peak FLOPS """ # first estimate the number of flops we do per iteration. # see PaLM paper Appendix B as ref: https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.02311 N = self.get_num_params() cfg = self.config L, H, Q, T = cfg.n_layer, cfg.n_head, cfg.n_embd//cfg.n_head, cfg.block_size flops_per_token = 6*N + 12*L*H*Q*T flops_per_fwdbwd = flops_per_token * T flops_per_iter = flops_per_fwdbwd * fwdbwd_per_iter # express our flops throughput as ratio of A100 bfloat16 peak flops flops_achieved = flops_per_iter * (1.0/dt) # per second flops_promised = 312e12 # A100 GPU bfloat16 peak flops is 312 TFLOPS mfu = flops_achieved / flops_promised return mfu @torch.no_grad() def generate(self, idx, max_new_tokens, temperature=1.0, top_k=None): """ Take a conditioning sequence of indices idx (LongTensor of shape (b,t)) and complete the sequence max_new_tokens times, feeding the predictions back into the model each time. Most likely you'll want to make sure to be in model.eval() mode of operation for this. """ for _ in range(max_new_tokens): # if the sequence context is growing too long we must crop it at block_size idx_cond = idx if idx.size(1) <= self.config.block_size else idx[:, -self.config.block_size:] # forward the model to get the logits for the index in the sequence logits, _ = self(idx_cond) # pluck the logits at the final step and scale by desired temperature logits = logits[:, -1, :] / temperature # optionally crop the logits to only the top k options if top_k is not None: v, _ = torch.topk(logits, min(top_k, logits.size(-1))) logits[logits < v[:, [-1]]] = -float('Inf') # apply softmax to convert logits to (normalized) probabilities probs = F.softmax(logits, dim=-1) # sample from the distribution idx_next = torch.multinomial(probs, num_samples=1) # append sampled index to the running sequence and continue idx = torch.cat((idx, idx_next), dim=1) return idx