{ "language": "en", "title": "Siddur Sefard", "versionSource": "https://www.nli.org.il/he/books/NNL_ALEPH002211687", "versionTitle": "Translation based on the Metsudah linear siddur, by Avrohom Davis, 1981", "status": "locked", "priority": 1.0, "license": "CC-BY", "versionNotes": "", "actualLanguage": "en", "languageFamilyName": "english", "isBaseText": false, "isSource": false, "direction": "ltr", "heTitle": "סידור ספרד", "categories": [ "Liturgy", "Siddur" ], "text": { "Upon Arising": { "Modeh Ani": [ "Upon waking in the morning, even before washing your hands, say:", "I give thanks to You living and everlasting King for You have restored my soul with mercy. Great is Your faithfulness.", "After washing your hands, say:", "The beginning of wisdom is fear of Adonoy, good understanding to all who perform [His commandments], His praise endures forever. Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.", "Before putting on your tallis katan say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us concerning the mitzva of tzitzis (fringes).", "May it be Your will Adonoy, my God, and God of my fathers, to consider [my fulfillment of] the mitzva of tzitzis before You as though I had fulfilled it in every detail, accurately and with full intent, and the 6131The numerical value of the word צִיצִית is 600 which, with the 8 threads and 5 knots of the צִיצִית itself, makes 613, the exact number of the mitzvos of the Torah. This symbolizes the Talmudic statement (Maseches Nedarim 25a) that the wearing of tzitzis equals the observance of the whole Torah. commandments that depend on it. Amein, Selah." ], "Tallit": [ "While examining the fringes of the tallis say:", "My soul, bless Adonoy, Adonoy, my God, You are greatly exalted. With beauty and splendor are You clothed enwrapped in light, garment-like; You spread out the heavens like a curtain.1Psalms 104:1,2.", "", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with(His commandments and commanded us to enwrap ourselves with tzitzis.", "Cover your head with the tallis and say:", "How precious is Your kindness, God; the children of men take refuge in the shadow of Your wings. They will be filled from the abundance of Your House, and from the stream of Your delights You will give them to drink. For with You is the source of life, in Your light shall we see light. Extend Your kindness to those who know You, and Your righteousness to the upright in heart.2Psalms 36:8-11." ], "Tefilin": [ "", "Place the \"tefillin of the arm\" on the muscle of your left arm, and before tightening it, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to put on tefillin.", "Wrap the strap around your arm 7 times and then place the \"tefillin of the head\" on your head above the region between your eyes, and say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments, and commanded us concerning the mitzvoh of tefillin.", "Then say immediately:", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.", "With the \"tefillin of the head\" in place, say:", "And from Your wisdom, most high Almighty, may You impart to me; and from Your understanding, give me understanding. With Your lovingkindness, do great things with me. With Your merit, cut off my enemies and opponents. Pour bountiful oil upon the seven branches of the menorah, in order to cause goodness to flow to Your creatures. Open Your hand and satisfy the desire of every living thing.", "When wrapping the strap around the middle finger of your left hand, say:", "And I will betrothe you to me forever; and I will betrothe you to me in righteousness, in justice, in kindliness, and in mercy. And I will betrothe you to me in faithfulness and you shall know Adonoy.1Hosea 2:21-22.", "The following chapters, found in Exodus 13:1-16, are recited while wearing the tefillin, since they make direct reference to the mitzvah of tefillin.", "Adonoy spoke to Moses, saying: \"Sanctify unto me all the firstborn whatsoever opens the womb among the Children of Israel, both of man and beast is Mine.\" And Moses said to the people: \"Remember this day on which you came out of Egypt, out of the house of bondage, for with a strong hand Adonoy brought you out from here, and [therefore] you must not eat chametz. This day you are departing, in the month of springtime. And it will be when Adonoy will bring you to the land of the Canaanites and the Hittites, and the Emorites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites, which He swore to your fathers to give you, a land flowing with milk and honey, you shall perform this service in this month. Seven days, you shall eat matzos, and on the seventh day there shall be a festival [dedicated] to Adonoy. Matzos shall be eaten during these seven days, and no chametz and no leaven shall be seen in your possession within all your boundaries. And you shall relate to your son on that day, saying: ‘Because of this Adonoy acted on my behalf when I came out of Egypt. And it shall be for a sign upon your arm2It is customary here, to touch the tefillin of the arm with the tallis or hand. Some then kiss the tallis or hand as an act of chivuv mitzvah, affection for the mitzvah. and for a reminder between your eyes3It is customary here, to touch the tefillin of the head. See previous note. so that Adonoy's teaching will be [the words of] your mouth; for with a strong hand Adonoy brought you out of Egypt. And you shall keep this ordinance in its appointed time from year to year.", "And it will be, when Adonoy will bring you to the land of the Canaanites as He swore unto you and to your fathers, and will have given it to you. Then you shall bring to Adonoy every one that opens the womb, and every firstling that is dropped by cattle that belong to you, the males shall belong to Adonoy, The firstling of a donkey you shall redeem with a lamb; and if you do not redeem it, then you must kill it by breaking its neck. You must redeem every firstborn of man among your children. And it will be when your son asks you in future times, saying: ‘What is this?' You shall say to him: ‘With a strong hand Adonoy brought us out of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. And it was when Pharaoh unyieldingly refused to let us go, that Adonoy killed all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of man, to the firstborn of beast; therefore I sacrifice to Adonoy all that opens the womb that are males, and every firstborn of my sons, I redeem.' And it shall be a sign upon your arm,4It is customary here, to touch the tefillin of the arm with the tallis or hand. Some then kiss the tallis or hand as an act of chivuv mitzvah, affection for the mitzvah. and for totafos between your eyes,5It is customary here, to touch the tefillin of the head. See previous note. for with a strong hand, Adonoy brought us out of Egypt." ], "Introductory Prayers": [], "Upon Entering Synagogue": [ "Before beginning the Morning Prayers you should say the following:", "I hereby accept upon myself the positive commandment to love my fellow Jew.", "The following verses from Scriptures are recited upon entering the synagogue, as though asking permission of God to enter and pray in His Holy place.", "How good are your tents, Jacob: your dwelling places, Israel.1Numbers 24:5. The Talmud (Maseches Sanhedrin 105a) relates that this verse contains Billam’s prophetic allusion to Jewish houses of study and worship. As for me, through Your abundant kindness I will enter Your House; I will prostrate myself toward Your Holy Sanctuary in awe of You.2Psalms 5:8. Adonoy, I love the Dwelling, Your House, and the place where Your glory resides.3Psalms 26:8. I will prostrate myself, and bow, I will kneel4These are three distinct degrees of worship, representing various levels of subjugation before God. before Adonoy, my Maker. May my prayer to You Adonoy be at a favorable time; God, in the abundance of Your kindness answer me with the truth of Your deliverance.5Psalms 69:14.", "This hymn has been attributed to R' Shlomo ibn Gabirol who lived in Spain during the eleventh century. While praising God's omnipotence and providence, it clarifies the meaning of the name Adonoy so that before proceeding to pray, each worshiper understands the significance of the God he is addressing.", "Master of the Universe Who reigned before any creature was created.", "At the time when all was made by His will, then was His Name proclaimed King.", "And after all things shall cease to be the Awesome One will reign alone.", "He was, He is, and He shall be in glory.", "He is One, and there is no second to compare to Him, to associate [with Him].", "Without beginning, without end, power and dominion are His.", "He is my God and my ever-living Redeemer, the Rock of my destiny in times of distress.", "He is my flag1It is to Him that I rally and through Him that I am identified.—Etz Yosef and my refuge; He is the portion of my cup on the day I call.2He answers me.", "Into His hand I entrust my spirit [both] when I sleep and when I awaken.", "And with my spirit my body [too], Adonoy is with me, I shall not fear.", "This hymn, written by Daniel ben Yehuda, who was a Dayan in Rome about 1300, is based on Maimonides' 13 principles of Judaism. According to Maimonides, failure to believe in a single one of these principles places one outside the pale of Judaism.", "1) the existence of God", "Exalted is the living God, and praised He exists, and His existence transcends time.", "2) God is One", "He is One, and there is no unity like His, He is invisible, His unity is infinitive.", "3) God is uncorporeal", "He is unlike the corporeal or even the non-corporeal,1God can also not be compared to the angels. His holiness is beyond comparison.", "4) God is Eternal", "He preceded every being that was created, He was First, and there was no genesis to His beginning.", "5) God alone must be worshipped", "He is Master of the Universe to every creature, (all) proclaim His greatness and His majesty.", "6) Truth of Divine Prophecy", "The fullness of His prophecy, He bestowed on those He treasured, and in whom He gloried.", "7) Moses was the greatest of all prophets", "There never arose in Israel another like Moses, a prophet who beheld God's image.", "8) Divine revelation of the Torah", "The Torah of truth the Almighty gave to His people through His prophet, the trusted one of His house.", "9) The Torah is immutable", "The Almighty will not exchange nor alter His Law. Never will He offer any alternative.", "10) God knows the acts and thoughts of man", "He scrutinizes and knows our secrets. He beholds the end of a thing at its beginning.", "11) Divine reward and punishment", "He rewards man with kindness according to his deeds. He sends evil to the wicked according to his wickedness.2The word “deed” is not applied to the wicked man. Since Divine reward and punishment are distributed with kindness, reward is granted to man not only for his deed, which may itself be insignificant, but also for the long range effect of that deed. He is punished, however, only for his act of wickedness, not for the consequences of his deed.—Etz Yosef", "12) Belief in the coming of the Messiah", "He will send our Messiah at the end of days, to redeem all who await His final deliverance.", "13) Divine resurrection of the dead", "The Almighty will revive the dead because of His abundant kindness: Blessed forever is His praised Name." ] }, "Weekday Shacharit": { "Morning Blessings": [ "Blessed1The word “blessed” is similar in concept to the words: “merciful” or “gracious” when applied to God. Just as merciful means that He is merciful, the source of mercy; so too, blessed means that He is the source of blessing.—Avudraham are You, Adonoy2Generally speaking, the name Adonoy is understood as it is pronounced—Adonoy—my Master, and indicates His rule and providence of the universe. When reciting the Shema however, one should bear in mind the written character of the Name which indicates God’s everpresent existence. He was—is—and ever will be.—Vilna Gaon our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us concerning the washing of hands.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who formed man with wisdom3This may mean either that man was formed by God’s wisdom, or that God formed man and endowed him with wisdom. and created within him openings and hollows. It is obvious and known in the presence of Your glorious throne4In refutation of those who claim that God is not concerned with earthly matters, we declare that even in the presence of His glorious throne, where He is surrounded by myriads of angels, He is aware of the mundane needs of each individual.—Vilna Gaon that if one of them were ruptured, or if one of them were blocked, it would be impossible to exist and stand in Your Presence even for a short while. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who heals all flesh and performs wonders.", "My God! the soul which You bestowed in me is pure; You created it, You formed it, You breathed it into me and You preserve it within me. You will eventually take it from me, and restore it in me in the time to come.5This statement refers to the time when the dead will be resurrected. So long as the soul is within me I give thanks to You, Adonoy my God,6Thus it is said, “I will praise Adonoy with my life, I will sing to my God with my being” (Psalms 146:2). and God of my fathers, Lord of all creatures, Master of all souls. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who restores souls to dead bodies.7This is a reference to God’s restoring of the soul each morning following its departure while the person sleeps." ], "Blessings on Torah": [ "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified1The observance and fulfillment of His commandments makes a person holy. us with His commandments and commanded us to be engrossed in the words of Torah.", "Adonoy our God, please make pleasant the words of Your Torah in our mouths and in the mouths of Your people Israel. And may we and our descendants and the descendants of Your people the House of Israel, all be perceivers of Your Name and students of Your Torah for its own sake. Blessed are You, Adonoy Who teaches Torah to His people, Israel.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe Who chose us from among all the peoples2An allusion to God’s declaration, “And you will be a treasure unto me from among all people” (Exodus 19:6) which preceded the giving of the Torah at Sinai.—Vilna Gaon and gave us His Torah.3An allusion to the actual giving of the Torah at Sinai.—Vilna Gaon Blessed are You, Adonoy, Giver of the Torah!", "And Adonoy spoke to Moses, saying, Speak to Aaron and to his sons, saying, thus shall you bless the Children of Israel, say to them:", "May Adonoy bless you and guard you. May Adonoy shine His countenance upon you and be gracious unto you. May Adonoy turn His countenance toward you and grant you peace.4Numbers 6:24.", "And they shall set My Name upon the Children of Israel, and I shall bless them.", "These are precepts5Mishnah, Peah 1:1: Talmud Maseches Shabbos 127a. for which no fixed measure is prescribed: [leaving] the corner [of a field unharvested],6The unharvested produce was left for the poor; Leviticus 19:9. [the offering of] the first fruits,7Exodus 23:9. the appearance-offering,8These offerings were brought when a Jew “appeared” before God in the Temple on the three Pilgrimage festivals—Pesach, Shavuos and Sukkos—Exodus 23:14-17, Deuteronomy 16:16-17. [performing] deeds of kindness, and the study of Torah. These are precepts, the fruits of which man enjoys in this world, [while] the principal [reward] is preserved for him in the World-to-Come. They are: honoring father and mother, [performing] deeds of kindness, early attendance in the House of Study morning and evening, providing hospitality to guests, visiting the sick, participating in making a wedding, accompanying the dead [to the grave], concentrating on the meaning of prayers, making peace between fellow men and between husband and wife— and the study of Torah is equal to them all.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gives the rooster understanding to distinguish between day and night.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who did not make me a gentile.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who did not make me a slave.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who did not make me a woman.1There is no degradation of women implied in this blessing. Men thank God for the privilege, which is theirs, of performing all the precepts of the Torah, many of which are not incumbent upon women.", "A woman says:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who made me according to His will.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gives sight to the blind.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who clothes the naked.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who releases the imprisoned.2He releases the prisoners of misfortune, passion, sin, hatred and jealousy.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who straightens the bent.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who spreads the earth above the waters.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who prepares the steps of man.", "On Tishah B'Av and on Yom Kippur this berachah is omitted.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who provided me with all my needs.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who girds Israel with might.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who crowns Israel with glory.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gives strength to the weary.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who removes sleep from my eyes and slumber from my eyelids. And may it be Your will Adonoy, our God And God of our fathers, to make us study Torah regularly, and hold fast to Your commandments. Do not bring us into the grasp of sin,3To sin unknowingly. nor into the grasp of transgression or iniquity.4To sin willfully. Do not cause us to be tested,5We pray that God will not put us to tests that are too difficult to withstand. or brought to disgrace.6Should we fail the tests, we will be disgraced. Let us not be ruled over by the Evil Inclination. Keep us far from an evil person, and from an evil companion. Make us hold fast to the Good Inclination, and to good deeds, and compel our Evil Inclination to be subservient to You. Grant us this day and every day favor,7“Favor” means receiving God’s blessings because of our merit.—Siach Yitzchok kindness,8“Kindness” is God’s benevolence bestowed purely by His will, regardless of merit.—Siach Yitzchok and compassion9“Compassion” describes God’s withholding of deserved punishment.—Siach Yitzchok in Your eyes and in the eyes of all who see us, and bestow bountiful kindness upon us, Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who bestows bountiful kindness upon His people Israel.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers, to save me today and every day from arrogant men and from arrogance; from an evil man, from an evil companion, from an evil neighbor; from an evil mishap from an evil eye, from a malicious tongue, from slander, from false testimony, from hatred from scandal, from unnatural death, from harsh disease, and from misfortune, and from the destructive Satan; from a difficult judgment and a difficult opponent, whether he is a fellow Jew or not a fellow Jew and from the retribution of Gehinnom." ], "Morning Prayer": [ "Our God and God of our fathers, remember us favorably before You and be mindful of us for deliverance and compassion from the eternal high heavens. Remember in our behalf, Adonoy, our God: the love of our ancestors, Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, Your servants; the covenant, the kindness, and the oath which You swore to our father Abraham on Mount Moriah, and the binding of Isaac, his son on the altar, as it is written in Your Torah.1Genesis 22:1-19.", "After these events,2These events refer to the previous nine tests by which God tested Abraham. This was to be the tenth and the most difficult test of all.—Ha’amek Dovor God tested Abraham and said to him, \"Abraham!\" and he [Abraham] said, \"Here I am.\" He said, \"Please, take your son, your only one,3Isaac was Abraham’s only son by Sarah. whom you love—Isaac— and go to the land of Moriah, and bring him up as a burnt-offering on one of the mountains which I will designate to you. Abraham awoke early in the morning, saddled his donkey, and took his two attendants4Ishmael and Eliezer.—Rashi with him, and also his son Isaac. He split the wood of the burnt-offering, and rose up, and went to the place that God had designated to him. On the third day, Abraham lifted his eyes and saw the place from afar. Abraham said to his attendants, You stay here with the donkey, and I and the boy will go to that place. We will prostrate ourselves [in worship] and return5Abraham unwittingly prophesied that both of them would return.—Rashi to you.\" And Abraham took the wood of the burnt-offering and placed it on his son Isaac. In his hand he took the fire and the knife,6The Hebrew word is ma’acheles (root: אכל = to eat) which means that it renders meat fit for eating through slaughtering the animal. Another interpretation is: his knife is called ma’acheles because we still enjoy (eat) the reward of Abraham’s virtue when he agreed to use it to slaughter his son.—Rashi and they both went together. Isaac spoke to Abraham his father and said, \"Father,\" and he said, \"Here I am my son.\" He said, \"Here are the fire and the wood, but where is the lamb for the burnt-offering?\" Abraham said, God Himself will show the lamb for a burnt offering, my son.\" And the two of them went together.7Although Isaac understood that he was going to be slaughtered, “They went together”—with like hearts.—Rashi They came to the place that God had designated to him, and Abraham built the8The Torah says that he built “the” altar not just “an” altar, to indicate that Abraham rebuilt the same altar which was originally built by Adam and used by Cain, Abel and by Noah.—Targum Yonoson ben Uziel altar there, and arranged the wood, and bound his son Isaac, and placed him on the altar, on top of the wood. Abraham reached out his hand and took the knife to slaughter his son. An angel of Adonoy called to him from heaven and said, \"Abraham! Abraham!\" and he said, \"Here I am.\" He [God] said, Do not harm the boy, nor do anything to him; for now I know that you are one who fears God and have not withheld your son, your only one, from Me.\" Abraham raised his eyes and beheld a ram9Tradition tells us that this ram was prepared for this purpose from the time of creation. Rashi (in Maseches Avos 5:6) after it had been caught in the thicket by its horns; and Abraham went and took the ram, and brought it up as a burnt-offering instead of his son. Abraham called the name of that place, Adonoy will see;10The Midrash interprets the following: “God will see the binding of Isaac and through its merit He will pardon Israel every year and rescue them from trouble. It will thus be said, “On this day,” by all generations that the ashes of Isaac are seen by God and serve as our atonement.—Rashi as it is said [to] this day On Adonoy's mountain, He will be seen. An angel of Adonoy called to Abraham a second time from heaven, and said, ‘I have sworn by Myself,' declares Adonoy, ‘that because you performed this deed, and did not withhold your only son, I will greatly bless you and make your descendants as numerous1111 If these blessings were intended to increase the population of Abraham’s descendants, it was superfluous, since God had previously blessed him for that purpose. God here blessed the descendants of Abraham with the nobility of spirit and courage to fulfill the command to sanctify God even when self-sacrifice is required. Only the nation of Israel, Abraham’s children, were commanded to fulfill this mitzvoh, because of the legacy we inherited from him.—Ha’amek Dovor. as the stars of the sky and like the sand on the seashore, and your descendants will inherit the gate of their enemies. Through your children, will be blessed all the nations of the world, because you heeded My voice.'\" Abraham returned to his attendants, and they rose and went together to Beer Sheva, and Abraham dwelt in Beer Sheva.", "On a day when Tachanun is not said, the following paragraph is omitted.", "Master of the Universe! just as our father, Abraham suppressed his compassion to do Your will with his whole heart, so may your compassion suppress your anger against us; and may your compassion prevail over your [other] attributes.12This refers to God’s attribute of stern justice. Act with us Adonoy, our God, kindly and with compassion. In your great goodness turn away your fierce anger from your people, and from your city, from your land and from your territorial heritage. Fulfill for us, Adonoy, our God, the promise you made in your Torah, through your servant, Moses, as it says, I will recall my covenant with Jacob, also my covenant with Isaac, and also my covenant with Abraham will I recall; and I will recall the land.13Leviticus 26:42. And it is said: \"And even then when they are in the land of their enemies I will not abhor them nor sparn them to destroy them— to annul my covenant with them; for I am Adonoy, their God.\"14Leviticus 26:44. And it is said: And I will recall for them the covenant with their ancestors whom I took out from the land of Egypt before the eyes of the nations, to be their God, I am Adonoy.15Leviticus 26:45. And it is said: \"And Adonoy, Your God, will return your exiles and have compassion upon you, and will again gather you from [among] all the nations where Adonoy, your God, has scattered you. Even if your dispersed will be scattered to the ends of the world, from there Adonoy, your God, will gather you, and from there He will fetch you. And it is said: And Adonoy, your God will bring you into the land your forefathers inherited. And you will inherit it; And He will do good to you and multiply you more than your forefathers.16Deuteronomy 30:3-5. And it is said by Your prophets: Adonoy, be gracious to us, [for] we put our hope in You; be their strength every morning; also our deliverance in time of distress.17Isaiah 33:2. And it is said: It is a time of trouble for Jacob, but he will be delivered from it18Jeremiah 30:6. And it is said: In all their affliction, He is afflicted, and the angel of His Presence delivered them; in His love and in His pity, He redeemed them, and bore them and carried them forever.19Isaiah 63:9. and it is said: Who is an Almighty like You, forbearer of iniquity and forgiver of transgression for the remnant of his heritage? He does not maintain His wrath forever, for He desires to do kindness. He will again show us compassion, He will suppress our iniquities; And you will cast into the depths of the sea all their sins. You will grant truth to Jacob, kindliness to Abraham as You swore to our fathers from the days of old.20Micah 7:18-20. And it is said: And I will bring them to My holy moutain; and make them joyful in My House of Prayer; their burnt-offerings and sacrifices will be accepted with favor on My Altar, for My House will be called a House of Prayer for all peoples.21Isaiah 56:7.", "A person should always be in fear of God, privately as well as openly,1Some people conduct themselves in a God-fearing manner in the presence of others (in public), but in the privacy of their homes, do whatever they please. There are others who do just the opposite. In private they are governed by fear of God, but in the presence of others they are too embarrassed or intimidated to be God-fearing. A Jew must always fear God, in private as well as in public.—Siach Yitzchok [he should] admit the truth,2Acknowledging the truth is fundamental to serving God, and to all human behavior. One who is concerned merely with “winning the argument” will go to any extreme to come out on top. This attitude caused the downfall of the 250 leaders who joined Korach, rather than acknowledge the truth of Moses’ declaration (Numbers 16:2-35).—Siach Yitzchok and speak truth in his heart,3It is not sufficient to merely acknowledge the truth verbally but one must speak truth in his heart as well. Rashi on the Talmud (Maseches Makos 24a) cites the following incident as an example of how one should speak truth in his heart: A buyer once offered to purchase an article from Rav Safra while he was reciting the Shema. Because he could not indicate his acceptance, the anxious purchaser increased his offer. Rav Safra refused the increment because in his heart he had already accepted the original offer. and rise early and proclaim:", "Lord of all the worlds and Master of masters! Not on account of our righteousness do we offer our supplications before You, but on account of Your abundant mercy. What are we? What is our life? What are our acts of kindness? What is our righteousness? What is our deliverance?4Of ourselves or others. What is our strength? What is our might? What can we say before You, Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers? Are not all the mighty men as nothing before You? Famous men as though they had never been? The wise as if they were without knowledge? And men of understanding, as if they were devoid of intelligence? For most of their actions are a waste,5In terms of achievement.—Dover Sholom and the days of their life are trivial6In terms of time.—Dover Sholom in Your presence. The superiority of man over the beast is nil, for all is futile. Except the pure soul which is destined to give an accounting before the Throne of Your Glory. All the nations are as nothing before you, as it is written: The nations are as a drop of a bucket— no more than dust upon the scales are they considered! Behold, the isles are like the flying dust.7Isaiah 40:15.", "However, we are Your people, children of Your covenant, children of Abraham, Your beloved,8Others translate, “Children of Abraham who loved You.” See commentaries on Isaiah 41:8. to whom You swore on Mount Moriah; the seed of Isaac, his only son, who was bound on top of the altar; the community of Jacob, Your firstborn, [whom]—because of Your love for him and Your joyous delight in him— You named him Yisrael9The name Israel symbolizes Jacob’s wandering through history proclaiming the sovereignty of God, while the name Yeshurun indicates his task to fulfill God’s will as revealed to him, and to devote his life to the execution of that which is right in the eyes of God.—S.R. Hirsch and Yeshurun.10Deuteronomy 33:5.", "Therefore, we are obligated to thank You, to praise You, and to glorify You; to bless, to sanctify, and to offer praise and thanks to Your Name. We are fortunate! How good is our portion! How pleasant is our destiny! How beautiful is our heritage! We are fortunate we who rise early and stay late in synagogues and houses of study, and unify Your Name each day—always and lovingly say twice:", "\"Hear Israel, Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.\"", "The following line is to be said silently", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.", "And you shall love Adonoy your God11Deuteronomy 6:4-9. with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your possessions. And these words which I command you today, shall be upon your heart. And you shall teach them sharply to your children. And you shall discuss them when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall bind them for a sign upon your hand, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways.", "You existed before the world was created. You exist [in the same way] now that the world has been created. You exist in this world, and You will exist in the World-to-Come. Sanctify Your Name upon those who hallow Your Name, and sanctify Your Name in Your world. And through Your deliverance You will be exalted12According to other versions, the text is translated, “You will be exalted,” since the Hebrew reads תָּרוּם. and You will uplift our power, and deliver us speedily for the sake of Your Name. Blessed is He who sanctifies His Name among the multitudes.", "You are Adonoy, our God, in heaven and on earth, and in the highest heavens. In truth, You are First,13We refer to God as “First” to preclude the notion that anything existed before Him, but not to assert that He has a beginning.—Kuzari and You are Last.14Similarly, “Last” is used only to repudiate the idea that there is an end to His existence, not to fix a term for Him.—Kuzari And besides You there is no God. Gather the scattered who hope in You from the four corners of the earth. Let all mankind recognize and know that You alone are the God15Elohim is a descriptive term which signifies God as ruler or judge.—Kuzari over all the kingdoms of the earth. You made the heavens, the earth, the sea, and all that is in them. Who is there among all Your handiwork, among the heavenly or earthly creatures, that can say to You, \"What are You doing?\" and what are you making Our father in Heaven, living and eternal [One] deal graciously and kindly with us for the sake of your great name [which is] mighty and awesome which is called upon us16The Jewish people are called “God’s People” and their name Israel, ׳שר-אל—officers of God, includes God’s Name. and fulfill for us, Adonoy, our God that which is written: the promise you made to us through Zephaniah, your prophet as it is said: ‘At that time, I will bring you in and at that time, I will gather you: for I will make you renowned and praised among all the peoples of the earth, when I bring back your captivity before your eyes,' said Adonoy.17Zephanyah 3:20." ], "Korbanot": [ "The Talmud (Maseches Menachos 110a) states: Rabbi Isaac asked, \"Why does it say (Leviticus 6:18; 7:1) This is the law of the sin-offering, this is the law of the guilt-offering? To teach us that when one studies the law of the sin-offering, it is considered as though he had actually brought it on the Altar, and when one studies the law of the guilt-offering, it is as though he actually brought it on the Altar.\" Rather than merely recite the following portions, study them and attempt to learn about the laws and significance of the various sacrifices.", "(Exodus 30:17-21)
And Adonoy spoke to Moses to say: Make a copper laver and a copper base, for washing; and place it between the Tent of Meeting and the Altar, and put water in it. Aaron and his sons will wash from it, their hands and their feet.1His right hand was held above his right foot, the left hand above the left foot and all were washed simultaneously.—Maseches Zevachim 59 Upon entering the Tent of Meeting they will wash with water that they not die, or whenever they approach the Altar to serve, to burn a fire-offering to Adonoy. They will wash their hands and feet that they not die; and this is for them a perpetual statute for him [Aaron], and his descendants for all their generations.", "The following Scripture section describes the removal of the ashes which had accumulated on the Altar from the daily burnt-offering of the previous afternoon. This removal was performed prior to the daily morning burnt-offering. The passage below also describes the ritual of maintaining the wood pyres which were always burning on the Altar.", "(Leviticus 6:1)
And Adonoy spoke to Moses to say: Command Aaron and his sons to say, this is the law of the burnt-offering. This is the burnt-offering [which must remain] on its pyre, upon the Altar all night, until morning, and the fire of the Altar will be kept burning on it. The Kohein will don his linen garment, and linen breeches upon his flesh, and he will remove the ashes when the fire consumes the burnt-offering on the Altar; and he will place them beside the Altar. He will remove his garments and don other garments, and carry the ashes outside the camp to an undefiled place. The fire upon the altar will be kept burning, it may not be extinguished. And the Kohein will burn wood on it every morning, and arrange on it the burnt-offering, and burn on it the fats of the peace-offerings. A constant fire will be kept burning on the Altar, it may not be extinguished.", "The Tamid-offerings, two daily offerings of one lamb at a time, were offered once in the morning and once in the afternoon. The former was the first public-offering brought on the Altar each day. And the latter terminated the day's offerings. These animals were purchased from the annual half-shekel gifts of the people and were offered on behalf of the entire Jewish People. Before reading this passage we offer a brief prayer.", "Some do not say the following prayer on Sabbath and Yom Tov.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, to have compassion on us, to forgive us all our sins, [done unknowingly], to atone all our iniquities, [done knowingly], to pardon all our [malicious] transgressions, and may You build the Holy Temple quickly, in our days, that we may offer, before You, the daily burnt-offering to atone for us, as You wrote for us in Your Torah by the hand of Moses, Your servant, from the mouth of Your Reverence, as it is said:", "(Numbers 28:1-8)
And Adonoy spoke to Moses to say: Command the Children of Israel,1Kohanim, Levites and Israelites were to be present at the offering of the two daily public burnt-offerings. The Sages instituted the program of Ma’amodos, under which representatives of all 12 tribes were always present when these sacrifices were offered. These representatives were rotated each week. and say to them: My offering, My food, to be consumed by My fires, a pleasing odor to Me, You shall be diligent to bring unto Me, at its fixed time. And you will say to them: This is the fire-offering that you will bring unto Adonoy: [male] lambs, in their first year, without blemish, two [of them] each day, as a constant burnt-offering. Offer one lamb in the morning, and the second lamb, offer in the afternoon. And a tenth of an ephah2One-tenth of an ephah is the equivalent of 43-⅕ eggs. of fine flour as a meal-offering, mixed with oil of crushed [olives] measuring one-fourth of a hin.3The hin is a liquid measure containing 12 logs, of which each log is approximately 6 eggs. [This is] a constant burnt-offering as offered at Mount Sinai for a pleasing odor, a fire-offering to Adonoy. And its libation will be a fourth of a hin for the one lamb; in the Holy4On the Altar. [Sanctuary] you will pour out a drink-offering of strong wine to Adonoy. And the second lamb you will offer in the afternoon; as the meal-offering of the morning [together] with its libation, you shall offer a fire-offering of pleasing odor to Adonoy.", "(Leviticus 1:11)
And he will slaughter it on the north side of the Altar, before Adonoy; and Aaron's sons, the Kohanim, will sprinkle its blood all around the Altar.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, that this recitation be important, acceptable and desirable before You, as if we sacrificed the daily burnt-offering at its proper time, in its proper place and according to its laws.", "You are Adonoy, our God, before Whom our fathers burned the incense of spices when the Holy Temple was standing, as You commanded them by the hand of Moses Your prophet, as it is written in Your Torah:", "(Exodus 30:34-36)
And Adonoy said to Moses, Take for yourself spices— stacte, onycha, and galbanum—1Galbanum has an offensive odor. The Torah includes it among the other spices to teach us to include even Jewish sinners among the rest of Jewry at our assemblies of fasting and prayers.—Rashi spices, and pure frankincense, [they] shall be in equal weights. You will make it into incense, a compound mixed by a compounder, salted,2The Hebrew word, memulach is rendered by Onkelos as mixed, to indicate that the spices should be well mixed together.—Rashi undefiled, and holy. You will pulverize some of it very fine, and place it before the [Ark of] Testimony3This incense was offered each day upon the Innermost Altar which is inside the Tent of Meeting.—Rashi in the Tent of Meeting, where I will meet with you; it will be to you holy of holies.\" It is also written:", "(Exodus 30:7-8)
And Aaron shall burn upon it [the Altar] incense of spices every morning; when he cleans the lamps he will burn it. And when Aaron lights the lamps in the afternoon, he will burn it; a constant incense-offering before Adonoy throughout your generations.", "(Maseches Kreisos 6a; Jerusalem Talmud, Maseches Yoma 4:5)
The Rabbis taught: How was the incense compounded? Three hundred and sixty-eight manim4A maneh is a weight; plural, manim. were comprised therein, three hundred and sixty-five corresponding to the number of days in the solar year, one maneh for each day— half in the morning and half in the afternoon. From the three remaining manim the Kohein Gadol brought two handfuls [into the Holy of Holies] on Yom Kippur; [for which purpose] they were put back into the mortar on the eve of Yom Kippur, and ground [again] very thoroughly, in order to make them very fine. Eleven kinds of spices were used for it. They were: 1) balm, 2) onycha, 3) galbanum, 4) frankincense— by weight, seventy maneh of each; 5) myrrh, 6) cassia, 7) spikenard and 8) saffron— in weight sixteen maneh of each; 9) twelve maneh of costus, 10) three of aromatic bark, and 11) nine of cinnamon. [Also used in the incense compound were:] Nine kabin5A kab is a sixth of a se’ah. of Carshina lye, Cyprus wine [measuring] three s'in and three kabin— if he had no Cyprus wine, he could use strong white wine— a fourth of a kab of Sodom salt, and a minute quantity of maaleh ashan.6This herb causes the smoke of the burning incense to ascend in a straight line. Rabbi Nosson of Babylonia says, Jordan amber was added of a minute quantity, and if one added honey,7Included are various sweeteners such as dates and other fruits. it (the incense) became unfit; and if one omitted8The same is true if one were to add to the prescribed number of eleven spices.—Etz Yosef any of its spices he was liable to the death penalty.\"9The death penalty was given only if the Kohein Gadol actually entered the Holy of Holies with incense which was unfit. This was considered as an unwarranted entry into the Holy of Holies which carried the death decree.—Rashi", "Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel says: The balm is nothing but sap which drips from the balsam tree. the lye of Carshina was used for rubbing the onycha in order to refine its appearance. The Cyprus wine was used to soak the onycha to give it a pungent odor. Though the water of Raglayim1010 This water came from a well named Raglayim.—Kol Bo was well suited for that purpose, they did not bring the water of Raglayim into the Temple because it would be disrespectful.11Since Mei Raglayim (lit., water from the feet) is a euphemism for urine, it would have been disrespectful to use this water in the Temple. Others hold that the term “waters of Raglayim” actually refers to urine, which could have been used as a soaking agent were it not indecent to bring it into a sacred place.—Kol Bo", "It was taught in a Boraysa: Rabbi Nosson says, While [the Kohein] ground [the incense] he would say, ‘Hodeik heiteiv, heiteiv hodeik,' because the sound12Some suggest that the sound of these specific words affects the spices. is good for the spices. If half13184 manim instead of 368. the quantity of incense was prepared it was acceptable, but if only a third or a fourth [of it was prepared] we have not heard14I.e., we did not hear our teachers expound this question. [whether it was acceptable.\"] Rabbi Yehuda said, This is the general rule: If [it was prepared with all its ingredients] in the correct proportion, it is acceptable even if only half was prepared; but if he left out any of its spices, he was liable for the death penalty.", "It was taught in a Boraysa: Bar Kappara says, Once in sixty or seventy years15The exact number of years varied with the size of the hands of the High Priests over the years, for the surplus was what remained of these three manim from which he took two handfuls each Yom Kippur. the accumulated surplus was sufficient to provide half [the yearly quantity of incense.\"] Bar Kappara also taught, If he would have put into it a minute quantity of honey, no one could have withstood [resisted] the scent. Why was no honey mixed with it? Because the Torah says, (Leviticus 2:11) For any leaven or honey, do not burn from them, [as] a fire-offering to Adonoy.", "Recite each of these verses three times:", "Adonoy of Hosts is with us, a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob, Selah! Adonoy of Hosts, fortunate is the man who trusts in You. Adonoy, deliver [us]! The King will answer us on the day we call.", "You are my shelter; from distress You preserve me; with glad song of rescue, You envelop me, Selah! Let Adonoy be pleased with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem, as in the days of old and in earlier years.", "Abbaye listed the order of the [daily] Altar service based on tradition, and according to the opinion of Abba Shaul: the [arranging on the Altar of the] great Pyre16This is the Altar upon which the daily and other offerings were burned. This pyre was on the east side of the Altar.—Derech Chayim precedes the second pyre [from which live coals are taken] for the incense-offering; the second pyre of the incense-offering [is arranged] before the placement of two logs [on the large pyre17Each of these logs measured a square cubit. They were laid on to assure a sufficiently large fire.—Derech Chayim] the placement of the two logs precedes the removal of the ashes from the inner Altar; the removal of the ashes from the inner Altar precedes the cleaning of five lamps [of the Menorah];18These were the five westernmost lamps of the Menorah.—Derech Chayim the cleaning of the five lamps precedes [sprinkling] the blood of the daily-offering; the blood of the daily-offering precedes the cleaning of the [remaining] two lamps; the cleaning of the two lamps precedes the incense-offering; the incense-offering precedes [burning] the limbs [of the daily-offering]; burning the limbs [precedes] the meal-offering;19A meal-offering accompanied each daily burnt-offering. the meal-offering [precedes] the baking-pan-offering;20These were daily-offerings that were incumbent upon the Kohein Gadol. Half the offering was brought in the morning and the other half in the afternoon. the baking-pan-offerings [precede] the wine libations; the wine-libations [precede] the Mussaf-offering;21Musaf offerings were brought on Shabbos, Rosh Chodesh, and on Festivals when work is totally forbidden. the Mussaf-offering [precedes] the two bowls of frankincense;22Two bowls of frankincense were placed near the shewbreads every Shabbos. and the two bowls of frankincense precede the daily afternoon-offering, for it is said, (Leviticus 6:5) And [the Kohein] shall arrange on it the burnt-offering, and burn on it the fat of the peace-offerings. Therewith complete23The Hebrew word shelamim is here interpreted to indicate completion (from the root sholam).—Rashi, Maseches Yoma 33a all the offerings [of the day.]", "The following is the prayer of Rabbi Nechunya ben Hakanah:", "Please, by the force of Your great right hand, release the bound one. Accept the prayer of Your people; strengthen us, purify us, Awesome One! Please! Mighty One, those who seek Your Unity, preserve them like the pupil [of Your eye]. Bless them, purify them, have compassion on them; Your benevolent righteousness [may You] always bestow upon them. Mighty, Holy One, in Your abundant goodness, lead Your community. Unique One, Exalted, turn to Your people who are mindful of Your holiness. Accept our prayer and hear our cry, [You] Who knows hidden thoughts. Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.", "Master of the Worlds, You commanded us to bring the Daily offering at its appointed time; and have the Kohanim perform their service, and the Levites [sing and play music] on the platform, and the Israelites [attend] at their Ma'amad.24All of Israel was divided into twenty-four divisions. Representatives of each division—in rotation—spent one week at a time in Jerusalem in attendance upon the services of the daily offerings, which were offered on behalf of all Jewry. Each such group, or maamad, represented all the Israelites at the services. And now, because of our sins, the Holy Temple is destroyed, and the Daily offering discontinued; we have neither a Kohein at his service, nor a Levite on his platform, nor an Israelite at his Ma'amad. Therefore let it be Your will Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, that the prayer of our lips be considered, and accepted and regarded favorably before You, as if we had offered the Daily offering at its appointed time, and stood in attendance at its service, as it has been said,25Hosea 14:3. Let the offering of our lips replace bullocks. And it is said, And he will slaughter it on the north side of the Altar, before Adonoy; and Aaron's sons, the Kohanim, will sprinkle its blood all around the Altar. And it is said, This is the law of the burnt-offering, the meal-offering, the sin-offering, the guilt-offering, the inauguration-offerings and the peace-offerings.", "On Rosh Chodesh add:", "And on your Rosh Chodesh days you shall bring a burnt-offering to Adonoy. Two young bullocks, one ram, seven male yearling lambs without blemish. And three-tenths [of an epha26Three-tenths of an ephah is a measure in volume equal to the displacement of:129-3/5 eggs.] of fine flour for a meal-offering mixed with the [olive] oil, for each bullock; and two-tenths27Two-tenths of an ephah is the equivalent of 86-⅖ eggs. of fine flour for a meal-offering mixed with the [olive] oil, for the one ram. And one-tenth28One-tenth of an ephah is the equivalent of 43-⅕ eggs. of fine flour each for a meal-offering mixed with the [olive] oil, for each lamb; a burnt-offering of pleasing savor, a fire-offering to Adonoy. Their libations shall be: half a hin29The hin is a liquid measure containing 12 logs, of which each log is approximately 6 eggs. for [each] bullock, a third of a hin for the ram, and a fourth of a hin for each lamb—wine; this is the burnt-offering of Rosh Chodesh, each Rosh Chodesh, for [all] the Rosh Chodesh days of the year. And one he-goat for a sin-offeing30This offering atoned for unintentional defilement of the Sanctuary and its holy vessels. to Adonoy, in addition to the daily burnt-offering and its libation.", "The following sequence of Mishnayos and the selection from Sifra \"Rabbi Yishmael Says,\" were inserted after the Scriptural selections dealing with daily-offerings in order to give every Jew the opportunity to study/recite daily, the minimum of selections from Scripture, Mishnah, and Talmud. Even though Sifra is not actually a Talmudic tractate, it is a Tanaitic expansion of Mishnah. (See Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim 50:1).", "(The following are Mishnayos found in the fifth chapter of Maseches Zevachim.)
", "MISHNAH I Where are the offerings slaughtered [in the Holy Temple?] The holiest of offerings31These include all burnt-offerings, sin-offerings and guilt-offerings. are slaughtered on the north side [of the Altar]. The bullock and he-goat of Yom Kippur are slaughtered on the north side, and their blood is received32The blood was received directly from the throat of the animal. in a sacred vessel, on the north side. Their blood must be thrown between the poles33The High Priest actually stood between the poles of the Ark and sprinkled the blood once above [on the Ark Cover] and seven times below [the Ark Cover]. [of the Ark], and in front of the curtain34Separating the Holy of Holies from the Holy. and upon the Gold Altar;35The Gold Altar stood inside the Holy confines, whereas the Copper or Outer Altar stood in the Courtyard. [omission of] any one of these applications prevents [atonement].36Atonement was achieved only upon completion of the service of sprinkling the blood. The remainder of the blood [in the vessel] he [the Kohein] would pour on the western base of the Outer Altar; [but] if he did not do so, it did not prevent [atonement].", "MISHNAH II The bullocks that are burned entirely, and the he-goats that are burned entirely,37A bullock was brought as a burnt-offering in one of two cases:
It was brought as an atonement when the entire nation sinned unknowingly, as a result of an erroneous ruling by the Sanhedrin, Supreme Court; it was brought by the Kohein Gadol when he sinned unknowingly as a result of an erroneous interpretation of the law on his part.
A he-goat was brought as an atonement when the king sinned in similar circumstances, or when an entire tribe committed an idolatrous sin.
are slaughtered on the north side, and their blood is received in a sacred vessel, on the north side; their blood must be thrown in front of the curtain38Separating the Holy of Holies from the Holy. and upon the Gold Altar; [omission of] any one of these applications prevents [atonement]. The remainder of the blood [in the vessel] he [the Kohein] would pour on the western base of the Outer Altar; [but] if he did not do so, it did not prevent [atonement]. These [offerings] and those39This includes the Yom Kippur offerings mentioned in Mishnah I. are burned at the place where the ashes were put.40The ashes removed from the Outer Altar every morning were deposited outside Jerusalem. The sin-offerings burned there did not have to be burned by a Kohen, but could be burned by an Israelite.", "MISHNAH III The communal and individual sin-offerings— these are the communal sin-offerings: The he-goats offered on Rosh Chodesh and on the Festivals are slaughtered on the north side, and their blood must be received in a sacred vessel, on the north side; their blood requires four applications [one] on each of the four corners.41Of the Outer Altar. How [was this done]? He [the Kohein] went up the ramp [of the Altar]42The ramp led up to the Altar from its south side. It was 32 cubits long and 16 cubits wide, and provided the Kohanim with access to the ledge which ran around the Altar, and upon which they were able to stand while performing their service. and turned to the ledge [bordering the Altar]; he came to the southeast corner, the northeast corner, the northwest corner, the southwest corner.43At each of these corners, he would apply the blood. He poured the rest of the blood at the southern base [of the Altar]. These offerings were eaten within the Temple Courtyard by the male Kohanim, prepared in any fashion,44It could be cooked or roasted. on that day and [the following] night until midnight.", "May it be Your will Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, if I have committed a sin which requires, the bringing of a sin-offering, that this recitation be acceptable before you as if I had brought a sin-offering.", "MISHNAH IV The burnt-offering is one of the holiest offerings. It is slaughtered on the north side and its blood is received in a sacred vessel on the north side; its blood requires two applications which are [like] four.45The blood was applied against the southwestern and northeastern corners of the Altar and spread along both sides of each corner so that all four sides of the Altar received the blood. It must be skinned, severed into parts, and totally consumed by the fire.46The Kohanim received no part of the meat which was burned, but they shared in the hide.", "May it be Your will as if I had brought a burnt-offering.", "MISHNAH V Communal peace-offerings47The communal peace-offering were the two lambs offered on Shavuos (Leviticus 23:20). and guilt-offerings. These are the guilt-offerings: the guilt-offering for robbery,48This offering was brought when a person denied and swore falsely that he had been entrusted with something for safekeeping. the guilt-offering for unauthorized use of sacred objects, the guilt-offering for violating a betrothed handmaiden,49This offering was brought only when the handmaiden was half-slave, half-free and was betrothed to an Israelite servant. the guilt-offering of a Nazirite,50This offering was brought by a Nazirite who had become ritually defiled by a dead body. the guilt-offering of a metzora,51This offering was brought by the metsora when he was cured and declared undefiled by the Kohein. the guilt-offering for suspension.52This offering was brought by a person in doubt whether an act he had committed required a sin-offering. These are slaughtered on the north side and their blood received in a sacred vessel on the north side; their blood requires two applications which are [like] four.53See note 1 on Mishnah IV. These [offerings] were eaten within the Courtyard by the male Kohanim, prepared for eating in any fashion.54See note 4 on Mishnah III. On that day and [the following] night until midnight.", "May it be Your will Adonoy, our God, and God our our fathers, if I have committed a sin which requires the bringing of a guilt-offering that this recitation be acceptable before You as if I had brought a guilt-offering.", "MISHNAH VI The thanksgiving-offering55The thanksgiving-offering was brought when a person was released from captivity, when he recovered from a serious illness, or after traveling overseas or through wilderness. and the ram of the Nazirite56The ram was brought by a Nazirite at the termination of his vow. are of lesser sanctity. They are slaughtered anywhere in the Temple Courtyard,57These offerings did not have to be slaughtered or have their blood received on the north side of the Altar. and their blood requires two applications which are [like] four; they may be eaten anywhere in the city58The city of Jerusalem. by anyone,59Any Israelite who was circumcised and ritually clean could eat of these offerings. Females were also permitted to eat of those offerings. and prepared for eating in any fashion, [and may be eaten] on that day and the following night until midnight. The portion given to the Kohanim,60The Kohanim received the shoulder and right shank as their portion. They also received a portion of the meal-offerings which accompanied the meat-offerings. has the same rule, but may be eaten only by the Kohanim, their wives, children, and slaves.61Their non-Jewish slaves were permitted to eat of these offerings. The portions of the sin-offerings were however restricted to the male Kohanim. [These slaves were circumcised and were responsible for mitzvos, similar to those incumbent upon women.]", "May it be Your will as if I brought a thanksgiving-offering.", "MISHNAH VII The peace-offerings are [also] of lesser sanctity. They are slaughtered anywhere in the Courtyard, and their blood requires two applications which are [like] four. They may be eaten anywhere in the city by anyone, and prepared for eating in any fashion, for two days and one night.62That day, the following night and the following day. The portion given to the Kohanim has the same rule, but may be eaten only by the Kohanim, their wives, children, and slaves.", "May it be Your will as if I brought a peace-offering.", "MISHNAH VIII Firstborn animals, the tithe of cattle and the Passover-offering (Pascal lamb) are [also] of lesser sanctity. They are slaughtered anywhere in the Temple Courtyard, and their blood requires one application provided that it is applied above the base (of the Altar).63The blood was applied on the wall of the Altar which was above the base. [Not all its walls were above the base.] They differ in their consumption: The firstborn is eaten only by Kohanim, while the tithe may be eaten by any person. They may be eaten anywhere in the city, and prepared for eating in any fashion, and may be eaten for two days and one night. The Pascal lamb must be eaten only at night64The night of Passover. and only until midnight; and it may not be eaten except by those registered for it, and it may only be eaten when spit-roasted.65Never cooked, baked, rare, or raw." ], "B'raita d'Rabi Yishmael": [ "Rabbi Yishmael says: through thirteen methods the Torah is expounded: 1) A conclusion drawn from a minor or lenient law, to a major or more strict one. 2) A clarification based on identical words or terms in the Biblical text. 3) A principle derived from one Biblical text or from two Biblical texts. 4) A rule followed by a detail. 5) A detail followed by a rule. 6) A rule followed by a detail, which is in turn followed by a rule, may infer only what is similar to the detail. 7) When a general rule requires an explicit rule; when an explicit rule requires generalization. 8) Something included in a general rule, which was singled out to teach— was not singled out to teach about itself, but to teach (something new) concerning the rule as a whole. 9) Something that was included in a rule and was singled out in a case similar to its rule, —it was singled out to lessen not to increase the severity of the case. 10) Something that was included in a rule and was singled out in a case which is not similar to its rule, —it was singled out either to lessen or to increase the severity of the case. 11) Something that was included in a rule and was singled out for a new stipulation— does not revert to its rule unless Scripture restores it to its rule expressly. 12) A matter deduced from its context, or from a subsequent expression. 13) Also, two passages that contradict each other until a third passage reconciles them.", "May it be Your will Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, that the Holy Temple be rebuilt speedily in our days: and grant us our share in Your Torah. And there we will serve You reverently as in the days of old, and in earlier years.", "Kaddish is not the name generally given to this prayer in the Talmud. It is referred to there as \"May His great Name...\", because the congregational response beginning with these words is the heart of this prayer. Only in one minor tractate, (Maseches Soferim 16, 19, and 21) is it referred to as Kaddish. Composed primarily in Aramaic, the language spoken and understood by most Jews in the Second Temple period (See Tosafos to Maseches Berachos 3a), nevertheless, several Hebrew phrases, which were familiar even to the unschooled, were also incorporated in the prayer. This particular form of Kaddish d'Rabanan, is so named because of the insertion of the paragraph which begins with the words \"Upon Israel and upon our Sages, etc.\" This Kaddish is recited following the study of Talmud or Midrash and invokes God's blessings on the Sages of Jewry, the transmitters of the Oral Torah.", "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom2May His sovereignty be revealed. bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.4This phrase, the heart of the Kaddish, is found almost verbatim in Daniel 2:20.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "Upon Israel, and upon our Sages, and upon their disciples, and upon all the disciples of their disciples, and upon all those who engage in Torah study in this land and in every land. May there be unto them and unto you abundant peace, favor, kindness, compassion, long life, ample sustenance and redemption from their Father Who is in heaven and on earth, —and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and a good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, in His mercy, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein." ], "Hodu": [ "The following sequence of prayers until Yishtabach is called Pesukei Dezimrah (verses of praise). These selected Scriptural passages were arranged by the Gaonim of the ninth century, in fulfillment of the Talmudic statement (Maseches Berachos 32a), \"A person should always praise God first and make his requests [offer his prayers] afterwards.\" Beginning with the following prayer, it is forbidden to interrupt your prayer with conversation until after the Shemoneh Esrei. You are permitted to answer Amein, respond to Barechu, Kaddish and to say Kedushah even though you are in the midst of Pesukei Dezimrah. You are also permitted to say Modim d'Rabbonon and the first verse of the Shema together with the congregation. If you are concerned that the saying of Kerias Shema will not be within the proper time should you follow the regular order of prayers, you are permitted to recite the entire Kerias Shema during the Pesukei Dezimrah. The first 28 verses of this section are taken from 1 Chronicles 16:8-36, and the first 15 are almost identical with the first fifteen verses of Psalms 105. These prayers are mentioned in Maseches Soferim.", "Give thanks to Adonoy, proclaim His Name; make His deeds1Make His Divine attributes (mercy, kindness, etc.) known to the world.—Siach Yitzchok known among the nations. Sing to Him, compose songs to Him, speak of all His wonders. Take pride2The Jew should be proud at being found worthy to utter God's Name.—Siddur HaGra in [uttering] His holy Name, let the heart rejoice of those who seek3Seeking God is an end in itself and provides joy to those who earnestly seek Him.—Siach Yitzchok Adonoy. Search for Adonoy and His might, seek His presence continually. Remember the wonders He has performed, His miracles,4His “miracles” were witnessed by Jew and Egyptian alike in Egypt. His “laws” are the Torah He gave us at Mt. Sinai.—Iyun Tefillah and the laws from His mouth. [You,] the seed of Israel5The entire section—the previous verses as well as the following verses—are addressed to the Jewish People, who are the seed of Israel, the chosen of God, who are asked to remember His wonders, miracles and laws.—Tzelosa d'Avrohom His servant, children of Jacob, His chosen ones. He is Adonoy our God; the entire earth is governed by His laws. Remember His covenant forever— the word He commanded to a thousand generations— which He made as a treaty with Abraham, and [which was] His oath to Isaac. He established it for Jacob as a statute, for Israel as an everlasting covenant.6This verse in following the preceding verse indicates that the original covenant which God made with Abraham was later confirmed to Isaac in an oath and then established for Jacob as a statute. After Jacob was given the name Israel, it became an everlasting covenant.—Tzelosa d'Avrohom Saying, To you I will give the Land of Canaan, the portion of your inheritance. When you were only few in number— very few, and strangers in it. They wandered from nation to nation, and from one kingdom to another people. He permitted no one to oppress them, and admonished kings7Both Pharaoh and Avimclcch were admonished for Abraham's sake (Genesis 13:17; 20:3,7). for their sakes. Do not touch My anointed ones,8The Hebrew word משיחי can also be translated as “My great ones” and as such refers to the Patriarchs. “My prophets” refers to the Matriarchs, who were known to be prophets. Both were afforded extraordinary Divine protection.—Etz Yosef and do not harm My prophets.\" Sing to Adonoy all the earth,9Siach Yitzchok maintains that this verse directs Jewry to sing to God in all the lands in which they are dispersed during their exile. Tzelosa d'Avrohom understands the verse to direct all the nations of the earth to sing to God. proclaim His deliverance from day to day.10a) We are to proclaim our deliverance by God even 7 day; b) We are to proclaim that our deliverance by God is a daily experience.—Tzelosa d'Avrohom Recount His glory among the nations, His wonders among all the peoples. For Adonoy is great and most extolled; Awesome is He above all gods. For all the gods of the peoples are idols, whereas Adonoy made the heavens.", "Beauty and splendor are before Him,11The word הוד (beauty) indicates that which is itself beautiful, while הדר (splendor) is the reflection of beauty. For example: the sun's light is “beauty” itself while the moon's light is splendor—a reflection of the sun.—Siddur HaGra strength and joy are in His presence. Give to Adonoy families of peoples— give to Adonoy glory and might. Give to Adonoy the glory due His Name, bring an offering and come before Him, prostrate yourselves before Adonoy in the splendor of holiness.12Etz Yosef understands this as the “holy splendor” of God's Sanctuary. Tzelosa d'Avrohom sees it as the splendor and joy of worship before God, as contrasted with secular, frivolous manifestations of beauty and splendor. Tremble before Him all [peoples of] the earth, for He established the inhabited world so that it cannot be moved. The heavens will rejoice, the earth will exult,13Simcha (rejoicing) describes one's feelings at a new experience of happiness, whereas gila (exultation) describes the feeling one experiences over an ongoing situation of joy. Since there is nothing new on the earth ואין כל־חדש תחת השמש (Koheles 1:9), it is said the earth will exult (gila); but the heavens will rejoice (simcha) because there is חידוש in the heavens.—Vilna Gaon and they will proclaim among the nations: Adonoy has begun His reign. The sea and its fullness will roar; the field and all that is in it will jubilate. Then the trees of the forest will sing with joy, [receding] before Adonoy when He comes to judge the earth. Give thanks to Adonoy, for He is good, for His kindness is everlasting. And say, \"Deliver us, God of our deliverance; gather us and save us from the nations, to give thanks to Your holy Name, to be extolled in Your praise.\"14The fact that we are privileged to sing Your praises and cling to You will make us praiseworthy.—Etz Yosef Blessed is Adonoy, the God of Israel for all eternity, and all the people said: \"Amein\" and [they] praised Adonoy.\"", "Exalt Adonoy, our God, and prostrate yourselves at His footstool.15The Holy Temple. Holy is He!16Or Holy is it—i.e., the Temple. Exalt Adonoy, our God, and prostrate yourselves at His holy mountain,17Mount Moriah, upon which the Holy Temple was built, is holy itself even when the Temple is destroyed. The previous verse refers to the time of the Temple, the second verse refers to the period of its destruction.—Etz Yosef for Adonoy our God is holy.", "And He, the Merciful One, atones iniquity and does not destroy; He frequently withdraws His anger and does not arouse all His rage. You, Adonoy, withhold not Your mercy from me; may Your kindness and Your truth18חסד (kindness) is the good God bestows without a promise, whereas אמת (truth) is the fulfillment of His promise.—Siach Yitzchok always protect me. Remember Your mercies Adonoy and kindnesses, for they are from the beginning of the world.19God's mercies to mankind started from the very day that Adam was created. God created the world in order to fill it with kindness as it is said: “A world of kindness was built” (Psalms 89:3).—Rashi Give might to God,20Attribute your victories to God's might rather than to your own.—Siach Yitzchok. Rashbam and others hold that since God's actions are a reflection of Israel's deeds, the latter are, in a sense, the source of His might. Thus when Israel follows the wishes of God, they give might to Him. His pride (majesty) hovers over Israel, and His might is in the clouds. You are awesome, God, from Your Sanctuaries,21There is a spiritual Temple in the heavens which corresponds to the Temple on earth.—Radak. The Talmud (Maseches Zevachim 115b) notes that the word ממקדשיך may also be read ממקדשיך, from Your holy people, indicating that God is especially demanding of the most adherent to the Torah. When this occurs, the world is filled with awe and fear of God. Almighty of Israel— He grants might and power to the people; blessed is God. Almighty of vengeance, Adonoy, Almighty of vengeance, reveal Yourself.22These two verses (94:1-2) are an appeal to God during a time fraught with the sufferings of exile, when it seems as if God has forsaken His people. He is urged to reveal Himself as the Mighty champion of justice—S.R. Hirsch Arise, Judge of the earth! Repay the arrogant their just reward. Deliverance is Adonoy's.23Only God knows what is true deliverance for a person. Prayer is not always answered, because God in His infinite wisdom knows that granting the request is not always for our benefit. We must therefore bless and offer thanks to God regardless of whether our petition has been granted.—Siach Yitzchok Upon Your people is Your blessing. Selah. Adonoy of Hosts is with us, a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob. Selah. Adonoy of Hosts! Fortunate is the man who trusts in You. Adonoy, deliver [us]. The King will answer us on the day we call.", "Deliver Your people and bless Your inheritance, tend them and uplift them forever.24Radak understands David to be asking God to raise the People of Israel above their enemies. Ibn Ezra says that God is being asked to act like a shepherd who brings his flock to high ground to save them from beasts of prey. Our soul yearned for Adonoy, our help and our shield is He. For in Him our hearts will rejoice, for in His holy Name we trusted. May Your kindness, Adonoy, be upon us, as we have waited for You. Show us Your kindness, Adonoy, and grant25We hope to earn redemption through our deeds, but if we are found wanting, then “show us Your kindness\"—overlook our deficiencies and “grant” us salvation.—Radak us Your deliverance. Arise—come to our aid, and redeem us for the sake of Your kindness. I am Adonoy, Your God, Who brought you up from the land of Egypt; open your mouth wide, and I will fill it.26Request all that you desire and I will fulfill every request.—Ibn Ezra. The Jerusalem Talmud (Maseches Taanis 3:6) indicates that the more one requests God׳s providence—the “wider he opens his mouth\"—the more he shows his belief in God's ability to provide all of man's needs. Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus, fortunate is the people for whom Adonoy is their God. In Your loving kindness I trust, My heart will exult in Your deliverance; I will sing to Adonoy, for He dealt kindly with me.27The foremost level of man's trust in God is manifested in three situations: a) when he is confronted with trouble, b) when he seeks help, and c) after he has been helped. The Psalmist says: In my time of trouble, I trust in Your kindliness; I seek only Your help, for my heart exults in Your salvation; and I will sing to You afterwards for You have dealt kindly with me.—Siddur HaGra", "Psalm 30, once used to inaugurate the Holy Temple, is used today to inaugurate our daily prayers, for the synagogue is a \"Holy Temple in miniature\" and our prayers take the place of the sacrifices. It is both a prayer for success and a declaration of thanksgiving.", "A Psalm, a song for the inauguration of the Temple, by David.1Solomon built the Temple. Why, then, is its inauguration attributed to David? Rashi explains: David composed the song which would be sung at the inauguration later, in Solomon's days. I will exalt You, Adonoy, for You have upheld me,2Radak writes that the Hebrew word דליתני is an expression used to describe either a down-trodden or an uplifted state. The downtrodden state of the Jewish people is actually part of their uplifting says the Sfas Emes, as it is said, “when I was brought low, He delivered me” (Psalms 116:6). “My downtrodden state was the cause of my salvation,” proclaims David, just as when one lowers a bucket (דלי) into a well in order to bring up the water. and not let my foes rejoice over me. Adonoy, my God, I cried out to You, and You healed me. Adonoy, You have raised my soul from the lower world. You have kept me alive, lest I descend to the Pit. Sing to Adonoy, [you,] His pious ones, and give thanks to His holy Name.3The literal translation of זכר קודשו is His ׳holy remembrance,’ but it refers to His Name; for the titles we bestow upon Him are our means of remembering Him.— Radak For His anger lasts only a moment,4A moment is a measure of time. God's anger is limited to time (be it long or short) but God's favor is unlimited.—Sfas Emes but there is [long] life, in His conciliation. In the evening, one retires weeping, but in the morning there is [a cry of] joy! I said, in my serenity, I would never be moved. [But,] Adonoy, it was Your will [alone] that established my mountain as a stronghold. When You concealed Your Presence, I was terrified. To You, Adonoy, I called, and my Master I beseeched. What gain is there in [the shedding of] my blood? In my going down to destruction? Will the dust acknowledge You? Will it proclaim Your truth? Hear [me] Adonoy, and be gracious to me, Adonoy, be a help to me. You have turned my mourning into dancing, You have loosened my sackcloth and supported me with joy. In order that my soul5The literal translation of כבוד is glory. Rabbi Yerucham Levovitz explained that the soul is called כבוד because its only function is to give glory to God. might sing to You and not be stilled, Adonoy, my God, forever will I thank You.", "Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King Adonoy will be King forever and ever. Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King Adonoy will be King forever and ever. And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.", "Deliver us Adonoy, our God, and gather us from among the nations, to give thanks to Your holy Name— to be extolled in Your praise. Blessed is Adonoy, God of Israel from the world till the next world and all the people said: \"Amen, Praise God.\" Let every soul praise God. Praise God.", "To the Chief Musician: a Psalm with instrumental music, a song. [May] God favor us and bless us, [may He] cause His countenance to shine among us Selah; [So] that Your way become known on earth, [and] Your deliverance among all nations. Peoples will thank You, God, all the peoples will thank You. Nations will rejoice and sing when You judge the peoples justly, and lead the nations upon the earth Selah. Peoples will thank You, God, all the peoples will thank You. The earth will have yielded its produce; God, our God, will have blessed us. God will bless us, and they will fear Him— all [men even from] the ends of the earth.", "This blessing introduces the Pesukei Dezimrah . It was mentioned by Rabbi Isaac Alfasi (Rif) over 800 years ago in his commentary to Maseches Berachos 32. The Taz (Orach Chaim 51:1) states that this prayer was instituted by the \"Men of the Great Assembly.\" The blessing contains eighty-seven words suggesting the numerical value of פָּז poz, refined gold.", "Blessed is He Who spoke, and the world came into being, blessed is He; blessed is He Who maintains the creation; blessed is He Who says and does;1God's saying and doing are synonymous and simultaneous as it is said, “By the word of God the heavens were made” (Psalms 33:6).—Etz Yosef blessed is He Who decrees and fulfills;2“Says and does” refers to those things that are not lasting and must be renewed whereas, “He decrees and fulfills,” refers to those things that have קיום, and last forever.—Tzelosa d'Avrohom blessed is He Who has compassion on the earth; blessed is He Who has compassion on the creatures;3Not only is God's compassionate providence concerned with the earth and enduring things, but His compassion and providence extend even to those creatures which are destined to perish.—Avudraham blessed is He Who rewards well those who fear Him, blessed is He Who lives forever and exists eternally; blessed is He Who redeems and saves4God redeems those who are in captivity and saves others from being taken into captivity. blessed is His Name. Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe, the Almighty, the merciful Father, Who is verbally extolled by His people, praised and glorified by the tongue of His pious ones, and His servants, and through the songs of David Your servant. We will extoll You, Adonoy our God, with praises and psalms; we will exalt, praise, and glorify You; we will mention Your Name, and proclaim You—our King, our God. Unique One, Life of the worlds, King, praised and glorified forever is His great Name. Blessed are You, Adonoy, King, Who is extolled with praises.", "Psalm 100 was recited in the Temple only on those days when thank-offerings were offered on the Altar. It is therefore omitted on Shabbos, on Yom Tov, on the day before Yom Kippur, on the day before Pesach, and also on the intermediate days of Pesach, when only obligatory-offerings were offered. Our Sages declare (Midrash Rabbah Tzav, 9) \"In the future, even though all things on earth will be in such an ideal state that there will be no more cause for prayers and offerings, prayers of gratitude, and offerings of thanksgiving will nevertheless not cease.\" Ordinarily, when a person is saved from a fatal illness, is released from captivity, or returns from a risky journey, he pronounces the special blessing Hagomeil. Our Sages, instituted psalm 100 in our daily prayers as an expression of thanks for the many unrecognized miracles God performs in our behalf every day.", "A psalm of thanksgiving: Shout for joy to Adonoy, everyone on earth. Serve Adony with joy,1To serve God means to devote every moment of one's life to the execution of God's will. We are called upon to dedicate ourselves to this life of Divine service with rejoicing, for only such a life can give us the true joy that comes from constant spiritual and moral growth.—S.R. Hirsch come before Him with exultation. Know that Adonoy is God, He has made us, and we are His,2As is pointed out by the written form לא, which indicates “we are nothing,” we are not even the most insignificant part of our existence to ourselves. In fact, the more we realize that we are לא, insignificant, the more לו אנחנו, we are His.—Sfas Emes His people and the sheep of His pasturing. Enter His gates3The gates of the Temple Mount. with thanksgiving, His courtyards4The courts of the holy Temple. with praise. Give thanks to Him, bless His Name for Adonoy is good, His loving kindness is eternal, and to every generation His faithfulness [extends.]", "This prayer, mentioned in Maseches Sof'rim 17:11 is a collection of 18 verses from Psalms, Chronicles, and Proverbs, in which the Divine Name (הויה) is mentioned 18 times. Great care should be taken to pronounce the \"Name\" with the utmost concentration, keeping in mind that He is the Supreme Master of all that exists.", "The glory of Adonoy will endure forever; Adonoy will rejoice in His works.1Psalms 104:31. The Name of Adonoy will be blessed from now forever. From the rising of the sun to its setting, praised is the Name of Adonoy. High above all nations is Adonoy, above the heavens is His glory.2Psalms 113:4. Adonoy, Your Name3God's “Name” is the name spelled Yud-Hey-Vuv-Hey. is forever, Adonoy, Your Mention4God's “mention” is the name spelled Alef-Daled-Nun-Yud. In this world God's name is only written as Y-H-V-H but is pronouced Adonoy. In the future world, however, God's Name will be pronounced as it is written. Thus the Psalmist means: “Your Name is eternal, but Your mention is solely from generation to generation.—Siach Yitzchok is for generations.5Psalms 135:13. Adonoy has established His throne in heaven, [but] His dominion rules over all.6Psalms 103:19. The heavens will rejoice, the earth will exult, and they will proclaim among the nations: Adonoy has begun His reign.7I Chronicles 16:31. Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King; Adonoy will be King forever and ever.\" Adonoy will reign for all eternity [when] nations have perished from His earth.8Psalms 10:16. Adonoy annuls the counsel of nations, He disrupts the intention of peoples.9Psalms 33:10. Many thoughts are in the heart of man, but [only] Adonoy's counsel will endure.10Proverbs 19:21. The counsel of Adonoy will stand forever, the thoughts of His heart throughout all generations.11Psalms 33:11. For He spoke and it came to be; He commanded and it stood.12Psalms 33:9. For Adonoy has chosen Zion; He desired it for His dwelling place.13Psalms 132:13. For God chose Jacob to be His, Israel for His treasure.14Psalms 135:4. For Adonoy will not cast off His people, and His inheritance, He will not abandon.15Psalms 94:13. And He, the Merciful One, atones iniquity; and does not destroy. He frequently withdraws His anger and does not arouse all His rage.16Psalms 78:38. Adonoy, deliver [us!] The King will answer us on the day we call.17Psalms 20:10.", "Rav S.R. Hirsch writes that the six concluding chapters of the Book of Psalms are the most important gift of David's Divinely-inspired hymns that Israel treasures so greatly. These six psalms, 145-150, are an essential component of our daily prayers. Our Sages attach much significance to Psalm 145 in particular, and stated: \"Whoever recites ‘A praise by David' three times a day is assuredly worthy of a share in the world to come\" (Maseches Berachos 4b). When recited in prayer this psalm is always introduced with two verses from other Psalms (84:5 and 144:15). These verses contain the word fortunate three times, an allusion to this psalm being recited three times a day. These verses are so closely identified with Psalm 145 that it is commonly referred to as Ashrei (Fortunate).", "Fortunate are those who dwell in Your house;1This verse referred to the Kohanim and the Levites who served (dwelt) in the Holy Temple (Your House); it is at all times applicable to scholars and devout men who study and pray in houses of worship and study. may they continue to praise You, Selah.2Psalms 84:5. Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus; fortunate is the people for whom Adonoy is their God.3Psalms 144:15. A praise by David! I will exalt You, my God, the King, and bless Your Name forever and ever. Every day I will bless You4According to Rav S.R. Hirsch, David here declares, “I will dedicate myself to serve You and to fulfill Your will in loyal obedience,” for in serving God, man causes His Name to be blessed. and extol Your Name forever and ever. Adonoy is great and highly extolled, and His greatness is unfathomable. One generation to another will praise Your works, and Your mighty acts they will declare. The splendor of Your glorious majesty, and the words5Not simply נפלאתיך—a report of Your wonders—but דברי נפלאתיך the “words\"—the lessons that Your wonders teach.—S.R. Hirsch of Your wonders I will speak. Of Your awesome might, they6People in general will speak of God's wondrous might in punishing the wicked (Sodom, Egypt, etc.) while David will proclaim that God's greatness is measured more by His kindliness than by His awesomeness.—Siach Yitzchok will speak, and Your greatness I will recount. Mention of Your bountifulness they will express, and in Your righteousness joyfully exult. Adonoy is gracious and merciful,7He is gracious in bestowing reward and merciful in punishment.—Siach Yitzchok slow to anger and great in kindliness. Adonoy is good to all, His mercy encompasses all His works. All Your works will thank You, Adonoy, and Your pious ones will bless You.8Your works, which are the cause of your being thanked by sensitive people; similarly, cause your pious ones to bless You.—based on S.R. Hirsch. Of the honor of Your kingship, they will speak, and Your might they will declare. To reveal to men His mighty acts, and the glorious splendor of His kingship. Your kingship is the kingship for all times, and Your dominion is in every generation. Adonoy supports all the fallen, and straightens all the bent. The eyes of all look expectantly to You, and You give them their food at its proper time. You open Your hand and satisfy the desire of every living being. Adonoy is just in all His ways and benevolent in all His deeds.9The penalties for transgressions are just, but God is gracious in the actual punishment inflicted on the sinner.—Siddur HaGra Adonoy is near to all who call upon Him, to all who call upon Him in truth.10He is near to all who call upon Him, but His nearness can be perceived only by those who call upon Him in truth, who truly mean to have God enter into their lives.—S.R. Hirsch The will of those who fear Him, He fulfills; He hears their cry and delivers them.11While God hears all who cry unto Him in truth. He answers those who fear Him, who subject their desires to His will.—Siach Yitzchok Adonoy watches over all those who love Him, and will destroy all the wicked. Praise of Adonoy, my mouth will declare and all flesh will bless His holy Name forever and ever. And we will bless God from now forever. Praise God.12Psalms 115:18. You should pause between עולם and הללויה. Similarly, in all the Psalms, the word הללויה is not connected to the preceding verse.", "This Psalm acclaims God's loving care as experienced by each Jew in his own life.", "Praise God! My soul, praise Adonoy. I will praise Adonoy with my life; I will sing to my God as long as I live. Do not place your trust [even] in noble men,13According to the Sages, it is implied that one should not rely even on the merit of his sainted ancestors, the Patriarchs, for deliverance. in man who has no [power of] deliverance. [When] his spirit departs, he returns to his earth;14Only the four cubits of ground which will receive him one day are his; of all the world they are the one possession which is guaranteed to him.—S.R. Hirsch on that day his plans come to naught. Fortunate [is he] when the Almighty of Jacob is his help,15Jacob, more than anyone, sensed God's nearness and protection throughout his difficult life and through all the trials to which he was subjected.—S.R. Hirsch whose expectation is on Adonoy, his God. He makes heaven and earth, the sea and all that is in them; He keeps His promises faithfully forever.16He alone has always proven dependable and faithful, for there are no limits to His essence and to His power.—Ibn Ezra, Radak He performs justice for the oppressed; He gives bread to the hungry; Adonoy releases the imprisoned. Adonoy gives sight to the blind; Adonoy straightens the bent. Adonoy loves the righteous. Adonoy protects strangers; the orphan and widow He enables to stand firm; and the way of the wicked He thwarts. Adonoy will reign forever; your God, Zion, throughout all generations. Praise God.", "In this Psalm, David imparts the knowledge to sustain and uphold the Jewish People, during their bitter exile. He tells them of their special and enduring relationship with God and of their role as permanent messengers of the word of God to all mankind.", "Praise God! for it is good to sing to our God; for [His] praise is pleasant, befitting. The builder of Jerusalem is Adonoy; the banished ones of Israel He will gather. [He is] the Healer of the broken-hearted and [also] binds up their wounds.17Others render “their sorrows.” Both translations co-exist! God not only heals their physical pains but also abbreviates their sorrows as well. He fixes the number of stars; He calls all of them by names.18Not one of the myriad stars was created accidentally; each has a unique purpose and function.—Siach Yitzchok Great is our Master and abundant in power; His understanding is beyond reckoning. Adonoy causes the humble to stand firm; He casts down the wicked to the ground. Cry out to Adonoy in thanksgiving; sing to our God with the harp.19Each musical instrument has its unique function. In the times of King David, the harp was used to arouse those who slept. The psalmist may be indicating that the harp arouses the sleeping soul of man to recognition of the miraculous ways in which God shows His Divine Providence for us every day.—Siach Yitzchok [He] Who covers the heaven with clouds, Who prepares rain for the earth; Who causes grass to grow upon the hills. Who gives the animal its fodder; [also] to the young ravens which call. Not the power of the horse does He desire, nor the thighs of man does He want.20God does not delight in those who place their trust in the strength of horses or in their own strength.—Tzelosa d'Avrohom Adonoy wants those who fear Him, those who hope for His kindliness. Jerusalem, praise Adonoy; Zion, extol your God.21The Psalmist addresses the dwellers in Jerusalem and Zion, not the city itself.—Tzelosa d'Avrohom For He has fortified the bars of your gates; He has blessed your children in your midst. He established peace at your border; with prime wheat He satisfies you. He dispatches His command earthward; His word races swiftly. He provides snow like fleece, He scatters frost like ashes. He hurls His ice like crumbs; who can withstand His cold? He dispatches His word and melts them; He blows His wind, they flow as water. He declares His word to Jacob, His statutes and His laws to Israel.22Israel is the receiver and preserver of God's divine Law, the Torah, which includes chukim, statutes which confine the physical, sensual aspects of man within the bounds of moral purity, and also mishpotim, laws which govern communal life. Among the nations, law is determined by the views they hold at a given time and place concerning the needs of a society, and so their laws are based on expediency.—S.R. Hirsch He did not do so to any [other] nation; and of His laws they were not informed. Praise God.", "In this psalm, David sings of the moment when all the world will be imbued with the knowledge of God's all-embracing providence. All living creatures—from the infinite heights of heaven above (verses 1-7) down to the depths of the earth below (verses 7-12)—will join together in one great hymn of praise to their Creator, and acknowledge the uniqueness of Israel over all other nations.", "Praise God. Praise Adonoy from the sky; Praise Him in the heights! Praise Him, all His angels; Praise Him, all His hosts! Praise Him, sun and moon; Praise Him, all the stars of light. Praise Him, skies of skies, and the waters that are above the skies.23Genesis 1:6-7 indicates that there are waters above the heavens. They will praise the Name of Adonoy, for He commanded it and they were created. He established them for all time,24The heavenly bodies, unlike humans and earthly things, were created from materials that do not deteriorate.—Kuzari for as long as the world exists; He decreed it and it is unalterable.25None of the heavenly bodies transgresses the Divine decree about its functions in the role for which it was created. The sun never violates its mandate to serve by day or the moon by night. According to Ibn Ezra, the verse might also be translated “He issued a decree which will not pass away,” for God's decree is permanent and immutable. Praise Adonoy from the earth, sea-monsters and all [that dwell in] the depths. Fire and hail, snow and vapor, stormwind, [all] fulfilling His word. The mountains and all the hills, fruit trees and all cedars. Wild beasts and all animals, creeping things and winged fowl. Earthly kings and all peoples, ministers and all earthly judges. Young men and also maidens, elders together with lads.26Elders and youngsters praise God together while the young men must be separated from the maidens. In the Temple separate facilities were erected for the women. So too must there be separate seating in our synagogues. They will praise the Name of Adonoy, for His Name alone is exalted; His majesty is over the earth and the skies. He will raise the might of His people, [which is] praise for all His pious ones, for the Children of Israel, the people near27The fulfillment of the last two verses will take place in the Messianic era. to Him. Praise God.", "This psalm continues the theme of the previous psalm.", "Praise God. Sing a new song to Adonoy,28The old songs will not suffice to express the joy at the wonders in the Messianic future.—Radak His praise in the assembly of the pious. Israel will rejoice in its Maker; the children of Zion will exult in their King.29Israel is the nation as a whole, the children of Zion are the elite of the people.—Seporno They will praise His Name with dance; with drum and harp they will make music to Him. Because Adonoy desires His people; He will adorn the humble with deliverance.30Although God desires all His people, nevertheless, our ultimate salvation will come through the merit of His humble ones.—Rav Simcha Bunim of Preshischa The pious will rejoice in honor; they will sing joyously upon their beds. High praises of the Almighty in their throats, and a double-edged sword in their hand.31One's praise of God emanating from deep within him, (not mere lip service) becomes a two-edged sword, for it protects him against attack from his fellow men and it guards him from adversity in the approaching Divine judgment.—S.R. Hirsch To perform vengeance upon the nations, chastisement upon the peoples. To bind their kings with chains, and their nobles with iron fetters. To execute upon them [the] written judgment; it32The Divine judgment itself is honor and recognition for those who commit their entire lives and efforts to God.—S.R. Hirsch is the splendor of all His pious ones. Praise God.", "This psalm recapitulates all the previous hymns and tells how God is revealed through His mighty deeds.", "Praise God. Praise the Almighty in His Sanctuary33His “Sanctuary” refers to the world of angels who minister to Him as He appears on His throne.—Radak Praise God in the firmament of His might34The firmament of His might refers to the heavenly spheres through which God reveals His mastery over the physical world.—Radak Praise Him for His mighty deeds; Praise Him according to the abundance of His greatness. Praise Him with the blowing of the shofar;35The shofar is the solemn instrument which awakens and calls us to God.—S.R. Hirsch praise Him with lyre and harp.36Lyre and harp are instruments which express man's meditation upon God.—S.R. Hirsch Praise Him with drum and dance.37Drum and dance are public manifestations of exultation in God.—S.R. Hirsch Praise Him with stringed instruments and flute.38Stringed instruments and the flute may serve to express the quieter rejoicing of an individual.׳—S.R. Hirsch Praise Him with resounding cymbals.39The cymbal is an instrument of extremely loud sound which may serve to call whole groups to attentive participation.—S.R. Hirsch Praise Him with clanging cymbals. Let every soul praise God. Praise God. Let every soul praise God. Praise God.40This verse is repeated to mark the end of the psalms included in the Pesukei Dezimrah.—Avudraham", "The following selected verses from Psalms mark the close of the individual books of Psalms. Eitz Yoseif notes that these verses may constitute a sort of blessing marking the close of the Pesukei Dezimrah.", "Blessed is Adonoy forever, Amein and Amein!41Psalms 89:53. God is the eternal source of blessing. We merely declare His blessedness, we do not bless Him. Blessed is Adonoy from Zion, Who dwells in Jerusalem. Praise God.42Psalms 135:21. Blessed is Adonoy, God, God of Israel Who alone performs wonders.43“Alone” means without intermediaries (Malbim); also without the beneficiary's awareness.—(Vilna Gaon) And blessed is the Name of His glory forever, and may His glory fill the whole earth. Amein and Amein!44Psalms 72:18-19. This verse will be fulfilled in Messianic times when all men will be invested with a true awareness of God's majesty. The prophet (Isaiah 11:9) foretells, “For (then) the earth shall be filled with the knowledge of Adonoy as the waters cover the sea.”—Radak", "The following selections are additions to the Pesukei Dezimrah. The custom of reciting them is mentioned as early as the Gaonic era, specifically by Rav Amram Gaon. The first four verses (1 Chronicles 29:10-13) relate David's blessing to God, when he presented the gold, silver, and jewels he amassed for the construction of the Holy Temple. It was a day of great rejoicing as, following David's example, the leaders and princes also presented generous gifts for the construction of the Temple. These verses were incorporated into our daily prayers because they speak so eloquently of God's majesty, and of the Divine providence which is the source of the power, riches, might, and honor of all human beings.", "The following until after ישתבח should be said standing.", "And David blessed Adonoy in the presence of all the assembly; and David said, Blessed are You, Adonoy, God of Israel, our father,45David singles out Jacob because he was the first Patriarch to mention building a house of God (Genesis 28:22), “Then shall this stone which I have set for a pillar be God's house.”—Radak forever and ever. Yours, Adonoy, is the greatness, the might, the glory the victory and the beauty,46David thus renders unto God the greatness God has given him. His might in war, his victories in battle, and the majesty of his kingdom, are all due to God's providence.—Iyun T'filah for all that is in heaven and on earth [is Yours]; Yours, Adonoy, is the kingdom and You are uplifted, [supreme] over all rulers. The riches and the honor come from You, and You rule over all; in Your hand are power and might, and [it is] in Your hand to bestow greatness and strength upon all. And now, our God, we give thanks to You and praise Your glorious Name.47I Chronicles 29:10-13.", "You alone are Adonoy;48This is an affirmation of God's unity: “Adonoy is One.” The next six verses are taken from Nehemiah 9:6-11. They are the last words of praise found in Scripture. You have made the skies, the skies of skies49This denotes the highest of the seven heavens. and all their hosts,50This signifies the sun, moon, and stars. the earth and all that is upon it, the seas and all that is in them; and You give life to all of them, and the heavenly hosts51These are the angelic beings that worship Adonoy. bow before You. You are Adonoy, the God Who chose Avrom, and brought him out of Ur Kasdim and established his name (as) Avrohom.52This was not a mere changing of names. Abraham was elevated and attained new stature as a patriarch by virtue of his new name. And You found his heart faithful before You,53This was demonstrated when he was ready to sacrifice Isaac.", "and You made the covenant with him54In some congregations, וכרות is recited responsively on the day of a circumcision. Consequently, some siddurim indicate that a new paragraph begins here. But it is actually a continuation of the verse. to give the land of the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Amorites, the Perizites, the Jebusites, and the Girgashites, to give to his seed; and You kept Your word, for You are righteous. And You saw the affliction of our fathers in Egypt, and their cry You heard at the Sea of Reeds. And You imposed signs and wonders against Pharaoh and all his servants and all the people of his land, for You knew that they acted malevolently against them;55Them, i.e., the Jews in Egypt. and (thus) You have made a name for Yourself, like this day.56The miracles and wonders of the Exodus have not and will not be forgotten. Each generation reaffirms its testimony to God's might against the Egyptians and thus the event remains as vivid and real as though it occurred today. And the sea, You split before them, and they went through the midst of the sea on the dry land; and their pursuers You hurled into the depths, like a stone into mighty waters.57Nechemyah 9:6-11", "In Temple times Shiras Hayam, the Song of the Sea, was sung by the Levites when the daily afternoon sacrifice was offered.1Maseches Rosh Hashanah 31a, mentions that the Ode was sung at Minchah on Shabbos. After the destruction, the Jews of the Holy Land continued the tradition, reciting the Shira at the end of the Pesukei Dezimrah. The custom spread to Italy and from there to other Jewish communities. This daily recital is mentioned by Rav Saadya Gaon but not as an obligatory part of the service. Rambam calls it a \"custom.\"2Hilchos Tefillah 7:13. Subsequently adopted by all communities, reciting the Shira became an integral part of our daily prayers. Some hold that the Shira should be chanted aloud while standing. It should be sung with joy as at the time of the Exodus. \"Sheloh\" writes that reciting the Shira atones for sin, so that if one wishes to repent a serious sin, he should recite the Shira every day with great fervor. The Zohar says, \"If one recites this song with elation and joy, he will be worthy to sing it in the next world. He will also be worthy to sing it when he greets the Messiah.\"", "On that day,3Even though they had been freed a week earlier, they were insecure, fearing that the Egyptians would capture and re-enslave them. Only when God had drowned the Egyptians were the Israelites psychologically free.—Seporno Adonoy delivered Israel from the hand of Egypt, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the seashore. And Israel saw the great hand4The use of the word “hand” or any physical attribute with regard to God is merely metaphorical, since God is in no way physical. which Adonoy wielded against Egypt, and the people feared Adonoy, and they believed in Adonoy, and that Moses was His servant.", "Then Moses and the Children of Israel sang this song to Adonoy, and they said: I will sing to Adonoy for He is most high;5When people praise a mortal, they often declare undeserved praise. But God is so great that any praise we offer is insufficient.—Rashi the horse with its rider, He threw into the sea. The strength and retribution of God was the cause of my deliverance;6This translation follows Rashi's commentary. this is my Almighty and I will glorify Him, God of my father and I will exalt Him. Adonoy is master of war Adonoy is His Name. Pharaoh's chariots and army, He hurled into the sea; and his elite officers were drowned in the Sea of Reeds. The deep waters covered them; they descended into the depths like stone. Your right hand Adonoy is adorned with power, Your right hand Adonoy crushes the enemy. And in Your great majesty, You destroyed Your opponents; You sent forth Your fury, it consumed them like straw.7This verse is also translated, “You will send forth Your fury: it will consume them like straw.” According to the Zohar, it thus refers to the time of the Resurrection, when God will destroy all the wicked. And with the wind from Your nostrils the waters were heaped up, flowing water stood erect like a wall; the deep waters congealed in the heart of the sea.8The water became hard as stone and the Egyptians were hurled against it with great force.—Rash i The enemy (Pharaoh) said: I will pursue [them], I will overtake [them], I will divide the spoils; I will satisfy myself; I will unsheathe my sword, my hand will destroy them. You blew with Your wind, the sea covered them; they sank like lead in the mighty waters.9Seporno and others interpret the verse to read: “They, the mighty, sank like lead in the waters,” “mighty,” referring to the Egyptian officers rather than to the waters. Who is like You among the mighty, Adonoy! who is like You? [You are] adorned in holiness, awesome in praise, performing wonders.10God is “awesome in praise” for we fear that all our praise will prove inadequate. In truth, it is impossible to praise God fully, and David therefore said (Psalms 65:2) “For You, silence is praise.”—Rashi You stretched out Your right hand, the earth swallowed them. You led in Your kindliness, the people whom You redeemed; You guided them with Your might to Your holy dwelling place. The peoples heard and trembled, pangs of fear gripped the inhabitants of Philistia.11The Philistines had killed the Ephraimites thirty years earlier when they left Egypt by force. The Philistines were thus gripped with terror when they heard that Israel had escaped from Egypt.—Rashi Then the chieftains of Edom panicked, the mighty men of Moab were seized with trembling, all the inhabitants of Canaan melted away.12Nations on all sides panicked: The Philistines to the west, the Edomites to the south, the Moabites to the east and the Canaanites to the north. The Philistines feared revenge. The Edomites panicked because they feared that Israel would now seek revenge for what Esau (Edom) had done to Jacob. The Moabites, the descendants of Lot, feared they would be punished because of the dispute between Lot and Abraham (Genesis 13:7). Canaan “melted away” because they realized that Israel was destined to take their land, and their astrologers told them that there was no way out.—Rabbeinu Bachya Terror and dread fall upon them; at the greatness of Your arm they were still as stone; until Your people cross over, Adonoy, until [they] cross over,13The two crossings are the respective crossings of the Arnon and the Jordan rivers before entering the Promised Land.—Onkelos —the people You have acquired. You will bring them and plant them14Moses here prophesied that he would not be entering the Promised Land, and he therefore prayed that God should bring the Jews into His inheritance.— Rashi on the mountain of Your inheritance, the place for Your habitation which You, Adonoy, have made; the Sanctuary, my Master, [which] Your hands established.15God's “habitat” on earth, the Holy Temple, is a parallel of the Holy Temple on high.—Rashi Adonoy will reign forever and ever.16This verse is not repeated in Exodus. But it is repeated in prayer to signify the end of the Ode, just as the last verse of Psalms 150 is repeated in the prayer whereas it is not repeated in the Book of Psalms.—Avudraham Adonoy will reign forever and ever. Adonoy! His sovereignty is established forever and to all eternity.17This verse is a paraphrase of the previous verse as found in Targum Onkelos. When Pharaoh's horses, with his chariots, and his horsemen, went into the sea, Adonoy turned back on them the waters of the sea; and the Children of Israel walked on dry land in the midst of the sea.18Exodus 14:30-15:19. For the kingship is Adonoy's and He rules over nations.19Psalms 22:29. The word “king” signifies one whose leadership is accepted freely by all his subjects. Therefore, in reference to Israel who willingly accept the Kingship of God, it says, “For the kingship is Adonoy's.” A “ruler,” however, is one who forcibly rules people, without their consent. Regarding the nations who do not willingly submit to Adonoy's Kingship, the Psalmist says, “And He rules over nations.”—Vilna Gaon And deliverers will go up to Mount Zion to judge Mount Esau, and the kingdom will be Adonoy's.20Ovadyah 1:21. And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.21Zecharyah 14:9. In the future, God will be recognized by all the nations of the world who will accept Him willingly as their King." ], "Yishtabach": [ "Rabbeinu Alfasi (Maseches Berachos 32) refers to Baruch She'amar as the opening blessing of the Pesukei Dezimrah, and Yishtabach as the concluding blessing.", "Praised be Your Name forever,1Your praise is unlimited in terms of time; You will be praised forever.—Ya'avetz our King, Almighty the great and holy King in heaven2Your praise is unlimited in terms of place; You will be praised in heaven as well as on earth.—Ya'avetz and on earth. For to You it is fitting [to offer] Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, (forever,) song and praise, glorification and hymns, [to proclaim your] strength and dominion, victory, grandeur, and might, praise and glory, holiness and sovereignty, blessings and thanksgivings,3Fifteen words of praise and adoration are enumerated. Hebrew is remarkably rich in the vocabulary of adoration and worship. As Latin is the language of war and Greek of oratory, so is Hebrew the language of prayer.—Midrash to your great and holy name; and from the highest world to the lowest you are Almighty. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Almighty, King [Who is] great in [our] praise Almighty, of [to Whom we offer our] thanksgiving, Master of [Whom we praise for His] wonders,4These lines were translated according to the explanation of the Tzelosa d'Avrohom. creator of all souls master of all creatures the Selector of song-hymns, You are the only King, Almighty, Life of [all] the worlds.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence add:
In this Psalm, said during the Ten Days of Penitence, the Jewish soul sings of the Jewish spirit ascending from the depths of the deepest misery of all, the burden of sin and guilt.", "A Song of Ascents. Out of the depths I have called to You, Adonoy. My Master, hear my voice; let Your ears be attentive to the voice of my supplications. If You God should take account of iniquities, my Master, who could survive? For with You is forgiveness, in order that You be feared. I hope for Adonoy, my soul hopes; and for His word, I wait. My soul [waits] for my Master more than the watchman [waits] for the morning, [more than] the watchman [waits] for the morning. Wait, Israel, upon Adonoy, for with Adonoy there is loving-kindness, and with Him there is much redemption. And He will redeem Israel from all its iniquities.", "The Half-Kaddish is recited by the Chazzan
Here, as elsewhere in the Liturgy, the Half-Kaddish marks the end of a distinct section of the prayers, in this case, the Pesukei Dezimrah. It is called the Half-Kaddish, the final three verses of the complete Kaddish having been omitted.", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming if His Messiah in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein." ], "The Shema": [ "It has become a universally-accepted custom to recite Barechu before proceeding to the blessings of Shema. Barechu, like Kaddish and Kedushah, cannot be recited unless a quorum—a minyan of ten adult males—is present. Barechu is also said by one who is called upon to read from the Torah. The practice of saying Barechu is mentioned numerous times in the Talmud. It is even cited in the Mishna (Maseches Berachos 49b) in the names of Rabbi Akiva and Rabbi Yishmael.", "The Chazzan says:", "Bless Adonoy Who is blessed.", "The Congregation responds and the Chazzan repeats:", "Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed forever and ever.", "The two blessings יוֹצֵר אוֹר \"He Who forms light\" and אַהֲבָה רַבָּה \"Great love,\" are referred to as the blessings preceding Shema (Maseches Berachos 11a). According to Rambam they were formulated by Ezra and his Court (Laws of Shema 1:7). You may not interrupt your prayers from this point on until after the Shemoneh Esrei. But you may answer \"Amein\" to the blessings of הָאֵל הַקָּדוֹשׁ \"The holy Powerful One\" and שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָּה \"He Who heeds prayer;\" say the thrice-repeated קָדוֹשׁ \"Holy…\" and בָּרוּךְ כְּבוֹד \"Blessed is the glory…\" of Kedushah; and answer Barechu. You may also answer אָמֵן יְהֵא שְׁמֵהּ רַבָּא \"Amein, May His great Name,\" when you hear Kaddish.\" You may also answer Amein after the blessings of יוֹצֵר הַמְּאוֹרוֹת, \"Who forms the luminaries,\" and הַבּוֹחֵר בְּעַמּוֹ יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּאַהֲבָה, \"Who chooses His people Israel with love.\" For a more detailed exposition of these laws, see Metsudah Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, Vol. I, pp. 172-176.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Former1Forming, יוצר, is the act of refining or modifying an original substance, whereas, creating, בורא, refers to creating the original substance from nothing. For example, when one shapes a wooden table, to make it round, he “forms” the wood, the original substance which was “created.” Similarly, God “forms the light” which is His act of modifying or limiting the darkness He created.—Siddur HaGra of light, Creator of darkness, Maker2Making, עושה, is the act of completion, such as when one completes a table by painting it. Similarly, God's finishing touch of creation is “making peace,” the vessel that holds it all together, as stated in the Mishna, “God found no vessel to contain blessing other than peace.” לא מצא הקב״ה כלי מחזיק ברכה אלא השלום—Siddur HaGra of peace, Creator3The verse in Isaiah 45:7, on which this blessing is based concludes with the words, “and creates evil.” In His original creation, God created the potential for evil, which He constantly limits and controls as the Former and Maker.—Siddur HaGra of all things.", "He illuminates the earth [and provides light] for those who dwell on it with compassion;4God causes light to appear in stages, gradually. This is an act of great compassion for if He made it appear all at once, we would be overwhelmed and blinded by its brightness.— Avudraham and in His goodness renews every day, continually,5God is not a far-off observer of a mechanism which He created and ignores, but a Living Ruler, Who guides the universe and continually maintains it. the work of creation. How many are Your works, Adonoy; You made them all with wisdom, the earth is full of Your possessions.6Lit., Your acquisitions: See Genesis 14:22. The King Who alone is exalted from then,7I.e., before Creation, See p. 9: God was King before all creatures were created. Who is praised and glorified and uplifted, from the beginning of time.8I.e., after Creation. Ever since Creation, God has been praised and glorified by His creatures. Eternal God, in Your abundant mercy, have compassion on us, Master, Who is our strength, Rock, Who is our stronghold Shield, of our deliverance, [Be] a stronghold for us. The blessed Almighty, great in knowledge, prepared and made the rays of the sun. [The] Good [One] created [everything] for the glory of His Name:9See Isaiah 43:7: “All that is called by My Name, I have created for My glory.”—Avudraham the luminaries He set around His strength (His throne). The chiefs of His hosts are holy beings,10“Holy beings” are angels. In Hebrew, the word for angels means messenger, and includes all the instruments of Divine purpose, whether in human form, or in the forces of nature.—Kuzari the exalters of Shadai11A name of God (Genesis 17:1; 35:11; 43:14, etc.) which refers to His setting boundaries and limits throughout creation. continually recount the glory of the Almighty and His holiness. Be Blessed, Adonoy, our God, in the heavens above and on earth below for the excellent works of Your hands,12The Heavenly throne is thus conceived of as surrounded by angels and all the adoring heavenly bodies.—See Isaiah 6:12 and for the light-giving luminaries which You formed; they will glorify You forever.13Those of His creatures capable of praising Him do so. The rest are evidence of His astonishing wisdom and arouse the others to praise Him.", "Be blessed eternally our Former,14Some render צורנו “our Rock.” The Gaon of Vilna, however, maintains that it refers to God as our Creator, thus describing Him in the tri-epochal aspect of His Unity: past, present, and future. He was our Creator, He is our King, and He will be our Redeemer. our King, and our Redeemer—Creator of holy beings.15These are the Jewish People, who are sanctified in body and soul. The word Creator implies a creation of real substance—the Jewish People rather than angels.—Vilna Gaon Praised be Your Name forever, our King, Who forms ministering angels; and Whose ministering angels all stand at the height of the Universe, and proclaim with reverence, in unison aloud the words of the living God, King of the Universe. All of them are beloved,16Beloved—there is no envy, jealousy or rivalry among them. Pure—they have no selfish or ulterior motives; they serve God with all their being.—Siddur HaGra all of them are pure, all of them are mighty; all are holy and all of them perform with awe and reverence the will of their Possessor. And they all open their mouths in holiness and purity, with song and music, and they bless, and praise, and glorify, and revere, and sanctify, and proclaim the sovereignty of—", "the Name of the Almighty, the King, the Great, the Mighty, the awesome One; holy17Despite the attributes we use to describe Him, He remains holy—beyond our conception. is He. And they all take upon themselves the yoke18The yoke of Divine Sovereignty is borne willingly and joyfully by each creature as an emblem of his free service to God.—S.R. Hirsch of Divine sovereignty one from the other, and lovingly give leave to one another19They take care not to precede one another in their praise of God. On the contrary, each says to the other, “You begin, because you are greater and more worthy than I.”—Avos of R’ Nosson to sanctify their Former in a spirit of serenity with clear speech and pleasantness,20The clear speech of the angels is the holy tongue (pure Hebrew).—Ya'avetz all exclaim Kedushah in unison, with awe, and reverently exclaim:", "Holy, holy, holy is Adonoy of Hosts, the fullness of all the earth is His glory.21Isaiah 6:3. Targum Yonoson paraphrases this verse: “Holy [is God] in the highest heights of heaven, the abode of His Divine Presence; holy upon earth, the work of His almighty power; holy [is He] forever and for all eternity.” The Talmud, (Masechcs Chulin 91b) refers to this verse as the “Sanctification of the Angels.” According to Avudraham and Ya'avetz; this Kedushah has been inserted here to refute those who maintain that God relinquished His control over the heavenly bodies, and they are now able to function independently. We are therefore told that all the heavenly hosts proclaim God's sanctification and dominion over all the universe.", "And the Ofanim22Ofanim, Chayos haKodesh, and Serafim are various classes of Angels. Ofanim denotes animated wheels as conceived in association with the Heavenly throne. (Avudraham); Chayos are those angels who exist eternally (Ya'avetz; some angels exist only for short times for specific functions.) Serafim indicate “beings of fire.” and the holy Chayos, with a mighty sound rise toward the Serafim. Facing them, they offer praise and say,", "Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from His place.23Ezekiel 3:12. According to the Kuzari, God's glory is a euphemism for God Himself. Thus the verse means, “Blessed is Adonoy from His place,” conveying this concept: God is more blessed (i.e., greater) than His place; He is not confined to any place. Another view set forth in the Kuzari is that “God's glory” includes the angels. His throne, His chariot, the firmament, and the spheres. These are called God's glory, similar to a king's retinue, which is his royal splendor.", "To the Blessed Almighty, they24The angels. offer pleasant melodies; to the King, the Almighty, [Who is] living and enduring, they utter hymns and make praises heard. For He alone, exalted and holy is the Performer of mighty deeds, Maker of new things; Master of battles, Sower of acts of righteousness,25Rabbi Pinchos ben Ya'ir was given two measures of barley for safekeeping. The owner forgot about it for a number of years. Rabbi Pinchos ben Ya'ir planted the barley seed, and each year replanted the previous year's harvest until it grew to be a substantial crop. After seven years, the owner returned to claim his two measures of barley and Rabbi Pinchos told him, “Come I will show you the great fortune you have accumulated.” God does the same with the good and righteous deeds of man. He sows each righteous deed, and when the person is ready to receive his reward, God returns the original righteous investment plus all the accumulated dividends.—Midrash Rabba, Deuteronomy 3:6 Causer of deliverance to sprout forth; Creator of cures. Awesome in praise, Master of wonders, He renews in His goodness, each day, continuously,26Since the blessing began with the praise of God as the Former of light Who continually renews the creation, it concludes on the same note. the work of creation, as it is said: \"[Give thanks to Him] Who makes the great luminaries,\" for His kindness is everlasting.\"27Psalms 136:7. (and He fashioned the luminaries, bringing joy to the world He created) Shine a new light upon Zion,28We pray that we will be worthy of enjoying the original light of creation, which God put aside for the righteous in the future world.—Ya'avetz and may we all soon be privileged to [enjoy] its brightness. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Former of the luminaries.29When reciting this blessing, bear in mind that even though the heavenly spheres appear immense to us and we attach much importance to them because of the vital functions they perform, in the eyes of their Creator they are no greater than worms. On the contrary, His wisdom and providence are more acutely recognized in an ant or bee because, in spite of their minuteness, they are endowed with a complex of faculties and organs.—Kuzari", "In the second of the blessings that precede Shema we praise God for His goodness in giving us His Torah, and pray for His help in the study of Torah. None of our petitions for the material goods of life approaches the fervor of this prayer for knowledge of the Torah and steadfastness in obeying it.", "[With] everlasting love You have loved us30The Kuzari writes, “When reciting the blessing ׳Unbounded Love’ אהבה רבה, one should bear in mind that God's Divine influence is especially directed at the Jewish People who receive it as naturally as a mirror receives rays of light. He should also bear in mind that the Torah is the expression of God's will and through it He establishes His dominion on earth as in heaven. Whenever an individual or a community attains a high degree of spiritual purity, they become worthy of receiving the Divine light to guide their destiny in a miraculous manner far removed from the ordinary course of events which affect the world. This special relationship with the Creator is called “love.” Adonoy, our God; [With] great and abundant pity31God bestowed His great and abundant pity on us after we sinned in making the golden calf. He not only pardoned us, but gave us the Second Tablets and ordained the construction of the Tabernacle (Mishkan) for His Divine Presence to dwell among us.—Siach Yitzchok have You pitied us. Our Father, our King! for the sake of your great Name and for the sake of our forefathers who trusted in You, and whom You taught statutes of life, carry out your will with a perfect heart, so too, be gracious to us and teach us. Our Father, merciful Father, Who acts with compassion have compassion on us and put into our hearts [comprehension] to understand and to be intellectually creative, to listen, to learn, and to teach, to preserve, to practice, and to fulfill32We preserve the Torah by not forgetting its teachings; we practice the commandments and we fulfill them by making them permanent parts of our lives.—Siach Yitzchok all the words of instruction in Your Torah with love. And enlighten our eyes in Your Torah, and cause our hearts to hold fast to Your commandments, and unify33Make us single-hearted and undivided in our love and reverence of Your Name. Keep us from distraction of personal thoughts and selfish motives.—Siach Yitzchok our hearts to love and fear Your Name; and may we not be subject to shame,34When one has to receive a favor that is completely undeserved, he feels a sense of shame. We therefore pray to God, that our redemption will not be “handed out” to us without merit and cause us to be ashamed. We proclaim that since we “trusted in His Name” and accepted the bitterness of our exile our deliverance is not totally undeserved.—Siach Yitzchok disgrace or stumbling forever for in Your holy Name— great, mighty and awesome— have we trusted; may we exult and rejoice in Your deliverance. And may Your mercy Adonoy our God, and Your abundant kindness never forsake us. Hasten and bring upon us blessing and peace quickly from the four corners of the earth break the yoke of the nations from our neck and speedily lead us upright35May we return from our exile with our heads held high, not in meekness.—Siach Yitzchok to our land. Because, You are the Almighty, Who performs acts of deliverance,36Even if we do not deserve to be saved in our own merit, save us anyhow because You perform acts of deliverance. and You have chosen us37At the moment God gave the Torah to the Jews at Sinai, we became His chosen people and were brought close to Him for eternity.—Siach Yitzchok from among all peoples and tongues, and You have brought us near our king to Your great Name, forever in truth; with love, that we may give thanks38These final words complete the prayer begun earlier: “Bring us in peace, and lead us upright to our land, so that we may give thanks to You, and proclaim Your Oneness, with love.—S.Y. to You, and proclaim Your Oneness, with love. and love Your Name. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who chooses His people Israel with love.", "The recitation of Shema was part of the daily worship in the Holy Temple, and our Sages ordained that it be recited in the synagogue service, providing it a central place in the morning and evening prayers of each Jew. Its importance may be judged from the fact that the very first Mishnah in the Oral Torah opens with the question, \"From what time may the evening Shema be read?\"
In reading Shema, bear in mind that you are performing a Scriptural commandment. All three paragraphs should be read with kavanah, concentrated intention, on what you are saying. The entire Shema should be recited in awe and reverence as it proclaims the existence and unity of God; the Jews' complete dedication to God and His commandments; the belief in Divine justice; the remembrance of the Exodus and the selection of the Jews as God's Chosen People. These concepts are the pillars of the Jewish faith. Whenever this sign (°) appears (e.g. בְּכָל֯־לְ֯בָבְךָ), it indicates that you should be careful to pronounce each word distinctly. In many instances, the last letter of the first word and first letter of the second word are the same, the words might be read as one, which is not the proper way to fulfill the mitzvah of Kerias Shema.
", "The following three words should be said when praying without a minyan:", "(Almighty, faithful King)", "Hear, Israel: Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.1Deuteronomy 6:4. It is customary to recite this verse aloud, the ear hearing what the lips utter. This helps one concentrate on the meaning of this important declaration. Interestingly, the last letter of the first word שמע and last letter of אחד arc written larger than the others. These two letters form the word עד “witness”—i.e., every Jew by saying Shema testifies to God's oneness.—Avudraham
Customarily one closes his eyes when pronouncing this testimony in order to shut out all distractions, and to concentrate all of one's thoughts on God's oneness. The last word, אחד, “One,” is to be said with special emphasis, drawing it out for the length of time needed to reflect that God, the Giver and Sustainer of life Whose Providence guides the destinies of all men, is the unique God of Israel, that He is alone in His world, ruling all four corners of the universe.
", "The following two lines are to be said silently:", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.2Jacob wished to reveal to his sons the ‘end of the days,׳ whereupon the Shechinah departed from him. Said he, “Perhaps, Heaven forbid! there is one unfit among my children.” His sons exclaimed to him, “Hear Israel” etc., just as there is only One in your heart so is there only One in our heart. Ben Lakish explained that Jacob said, “Blessed [is His] Name” in response to his sons’ exclamation. The Sages wondered, “Shall we recite it aloud when our teacher Moses did not say it? Shall we not say it at all, when Jacob ordained it?” Thus, the Rabbis enacted that it be said quietly.—Maseches Pesachim 56a.
When Moses went up to the heavens, he heard the angels praise God by saying, “Blessed [is His] Name, etc.” When he returned to earth, he taught it to the Jewish People. We say it in an undertone so as not to offend the angels. On Yom Kippur however, when we are considered like angels, we are permitted to say ברוך שם aloud.—Midrash Rabba to Deuteronomy
", "And you shall love Adonoy your God with all your heart3Our Sages (Sifrei to Deuteronomy 31) explain “With all your heart” to mean “With all your desires—including the evil inclination,” i.e., subject your earthly passions and ambitions to God's Law and make them instruments for His service. and with all your soul4The Sages (ibid.) take these words to mean “With your whole life—even to the last drop of blood.” It was such an understanding that led Rabbi Akiva to say, when the executioner was tearing his flesh with iron hooks, “All my life, I have longed for this moment. I have loved God with all my heart and with all my might; and now at last, I can love Him with my whole life.” It was this concept that gave Jewish martyrs the courage to lay down their lives for their faith. and with all your possessions.5The Sages (ibid.) explain, “With whatever lot Providence has assigned to you,” i.e., despite whatever material sacrifice your loyalty to God and to Torah might entail. And these words which I command you today,6The teachings of the Torah should be ever fresh in your minds, as though you received it today.—Ibid. shall be upon your heart. And you shall teach them sharply7See to it that your children have a clear, and not a confused, stammering knowledge of the Torah.—Ibid. to your children. And you shall discuss them when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall bind them for a sign upon your hand, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways.8Deuteronomy 6:5-9. This paragraph contains 10 commandments: 1) accepting the “yoke” of heaven; 2) proclaiming the Unity of God; 3) loving God; 4) studying Torah (and you shall speak of them); 5) teaching your children; 6-7) reciting Shema in the evening and in the morning; 8-9) putting on the tefillin of the hand and head; 10) putting up mezuzos on the door-posts.", "And it will be— if you vigilantly obey My commandments which I command you this day, to love Adonoy your God, and serve Him with your entire hearts9The service of the heart is prayer, as David said (Psalms 141:2) “May my prayers be acceptable to You as an incense [service].” and with your entire souls— that I will give rain for your land in its proper time,10God will make it rain at night so as not to cause you discomfort.—Rashi the early (autumn) rain and the late (spring) rain;11Reward and punishment are here connected with the rainfalls vital to the Land of Israel. The heavy rains which open the growing season in the fall and the showers which fall while the grain is ripening are of utmost importance. and you will harvest your grain and your wine and your oil. And I will put grass in your fields for your cattle, and you will eat and be satisfied. Beware lest your hearts be swayed12One who is satisfied can easily be induced to forget the Source of his fullness.—Rashi and you turn astray, and you worship alien gods and bow to them. And Adonoy's fury will blaze among you, and He will close off the heavens and there will be no rain and the earth will not yield its produce; and you will perish swiftly13No extension will be given. The “generation of the flood” was granted a reprieve of 120 years (Genesis 6:3) because they did not have from whom to learn; but you do have from whom to learn.—Sifrei, cited by Rashi from the good land which Adonoy gives you. Place these words of Mine14Even in exile you must fulfill God's commandments—Sifrei cited by Rashi upon your hearts and upon your souls,— and bind them for a sign upon your hands, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes.15Between your eyes is not to be taken literally. The correct position of the phylactery of the head (shel rosh) is at the edge of the hair line directly above the place which is between the eyes. And you shall teach them to your sons, to speak them16From the moment your son knows how to talk, begin teaching him the Torah.—Rashi. when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways. In order that your days be prolonged, and the days of your children, upon the land which Adonoy swore to your fathers to give them [for as long] as the heavens are above the earth.", "And Adonoy spoke to Moses saying: Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them17Rabbi Yehuda bar Chaviva said that this third section was added to Shema because of six important things contained therein: 1. the commandment of fringes, 2. mention of the Exodus, 3. the call to assume the yoke of God׳s commandments, 4. the warning against heretical concepts, 5. the warning against straying after sinful desires, and 6. the warning against idolatrous worship.—Maseches Berachos 12b to make for themselves fringes on the corners of their garments throughout their generations; and they will place with the fringes of each corner a thread of blue. And it will be to you for fringes, and you will look upon it and you will remember all the commandments of Adonoy,18Rabbi Meir says: “The blue thread of the fringes resembles the sea, the sea reflects the heavens, and heavens resemble the Throne of Glory” (Sifrei). The outward act of looking upon the tzitzis leads the Jew to inward spiritual conformity with the precepts of God. and you will perform them; and you will not turn aside after your hearts19The heart and the eyes of a person are the agents of sin—the eye sees, the heart desires, and thus the person sins —Tanchuma cited by Rashi. and after your eyes which cause you to go astray. In order that you will remember and perform all My commandments; and you will be holy unto your God. I am Adonoy, your God, Who brought you out of the land of Egypt to be your God: I am Adonoy, your God—20Numbers 15:37-41.", "You must be careful to connect the last words of Shema, ה' אֱלֺקֵיכֶם (Adonoy, your God), with the word אמת (is true) without pause or interruption so that these three words form one sentence, meaning \"Adonoy your God is true\" (Maseches Berachos 13a).", "—is true—", "The chazan repeats:", "Adonoy, your God, is true.", "The following prayer, which culminates with גָאַל יִשְׂרָאַל, Who redeemed Israel, constitutes the \"Blessing after Shema\" mentioned in the Talmud (Maseches Berachos 11a). It is also mentioned in Maseches Tamid (32b) as part of the morning service in the Temple.", "—and firm, certain and enduring, upright and faithful, beloved and cherished, desired and pleasant,21The Jew declares his commitment to God, and states that His precepts are not forced upon him. On the contrary, they are beloved, cherished, delightful and pleasant to him.—Siach Yitzchok awesome and mighty, correct22The teachings of Torah are correct in their totality. They lack nothing and are eternally valid for all situations.—Siach Yitzchok and acceptable,23Even those precepts that are not easily understood and appear to contradict human nature, are accepted by us.—Siach Yitzchok good and beautiful is this24All that was affirmed above in Shema. [affirmation] to us for all eternity. It is true, that the God of the Universe, is our King, the Stronghold of Jacob is the Shield of our deliverance. Throughout the generations He endures and His Name endures, and His throne is confirmed; and His sovereignty and His faithfulness endure forever.25After having affirmed that all that was said in Shema is true, firm, certain, enduring, etc., we take an oath and testify that we accept the “yoke of heaven” upon ourselves as did our fathers before us and as will our children after us, forever and ever. Thus we say in the following prayer: “For our fathers, for us, for our children and for our descendants—Your word is good and lasting—a Law that will never be abrogated.”—Kuzari His words are alive and enduring, faithful and desirable forever and to all eternity; for our fathers and for us, for our children and for our generations, and for all generations of the seed of Israel, Your servants.", "Upon the first and upon the last, [generations] [it is] a matter that is good and everlasting. It is true and faithful, a Law that will never be abrogated. Truly you Adonoy, are our God, and the God of our fathers, our King the King of our fathers, our Redeemer, Redeemer of our fathers, our Former, Rock of our deliverance; our Liberator and our Saver which is Your Name from old, and we have no other God besides You, ever.", "The help26The word help indicates that the recipient also participated in his rescue, whereas the words shield and deliverer indicate that the rescue was made without any help from the rescued party. Our fathers who were righteous, participated in their rescue, and God “helped” them. Since we are not that righteous, God shields and delivers us even though we have no merit.—Siach Yitzchok of our fathers You have always been. A Shield and a Deliverer to them and their children after them in every generation. The heights of the universe, is Your habitation, and Your judgments and Your righteousness [reach] to the ends of the earth.27Alternatively: “Affect mankind to the end of earthly time.”—Avudraham Truly fortunate is man who heeds Your commandments; and Your Torah and Your word28Your Torah” means the basic concepts of the Torah itself, and “Your word” refers to ethical concepts, derived from events described in the Torah and by the Prophets.—Siach Yitzchok he takes to his heart. Truly, You are the Master of Your people and a mighty King to defend their cause. for the fathers and [their] sons: Truly, You are First and You are Last,29We refer to God as First and Last only in order to preclude the notion that anything existed before Him, and to repudiate the idea that there is an end to His existence. We do not assert that He has a beginning or a fixed term.—Kuzari and besides You we have no king, redeemer, or deliverer. Truly Your redeemed us from Egypt. Adonoy, our God, from the house of bondage You liberated us. All their firstborn You slew, and Israel, Your firstborn, You redeemed.30See Exodus 4:22. The Sea of Reeds, You split and the wicked, You drowned. You caused the beloved ones to pass through, while the waters covered their enemies; not one of them remained. Because of this, the beloved ones praised and exalted the Almighty; and the beloved ones offered hymns, songs, and praises, blessings and thanksgiving to the King, the Almighty, [Who is] living and enduring. (He is) exalted and uplifted, great and awesome; He humbles the haughty to the ground. and raises the lowly,31God humbled the Egyptians who were haughty and raised high the Jews who had been lowly captives in Egypt. to the heights. He frees the captives and redeems the humble, (and) helps the impoverished,32God also helps those who are spiritually impoverished.—Rabbi Yehuda ben Yakar and He answers His people Israel when they cry out to Him.", "Praises to the most high Almighty their redeemer, blessed is He,33Intrinsically. and He is blessed.34By others. Moses and the Children of Israel sang a song to You with great joy, and they all proclaimed:", "Who is like You among the mighty, Adonoy! Who is like You— [You are] adorned in holiness, awesome in praise, performing wonders!", "With a new song the redeemed people praised Your great Name at the seashore! All of them in unison gave thanks and proclaimed Your sovereignty, and said:", "Adonoy will reign forever and ever.", "Rock of Israel, arise to the aid of Israel, and liberate Judah and Israel as You promised.35As it is said, “And a redeemer will come to Zion and to those of Jacob who repent of their transgression, said Adonoy” (Isaiah 59:20). Our Redeemer— ‘Adonoy of hosts' is His Name, the Holy One of Israel Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who redeemed36While God is always referred to as the Redeemer of Israel, this blessing utilizes the past tense, “Who redeemed Israel,” as it refers specifically to our redemption from Egypt.—Tzelosa d'Avrohom
Our faith in the Redeemer of Israel, Who redeemed us from Egypt, and our hope that He will redeem us from exile, give us the spiritual energy and courage to stand before Him, to pray and beseech Him for our needs, as we proceed to the Amidah.—Yesodos HaTefillah
Israel.", "Fundamentals of Kuzari, (Metsudah Publications, 1979) pages 269, 271, 273.
When reciting Shemoneh Esrei, you must adhere to these rules:
1. Before beginning the prayer, take three steps backwards and then return to your former position. Upon completing the prayer, take three steps backwards and return.
2. Keep your feet together.
3. Concentrate on the meaning of the words you are uttering. Remove all distracting thoughts and worries from your mind.
4. You may not interrupt Shemoneh Esrei by talking, not even by answering Amein. If you should hear Kedushah, Kaddish, or Barechu while saying the Shemoneh Esrei, you should remain silent and listen to the Chazzan's words.
5. At the beginning and end of the first blessing, at the beginning and end of the blessing that begins: \"We are thankful to You,\" (page 133) and ends with \"The Beneficent is Your Name,\" (page 140) we half-kneel and bow in the following manner: At the word \"Blessed,\" bend your knees; at the word \"You,\" bend forward until the vertebrae of your spinal cord are loosened; at \"Adonoy,\" return to your upright position in keeping with the verse, \"Adonoy straightens the bent\" (Psalms 146:8).
6. Each individual recites Shemoneh Esrei in silence. Only the prayer leader, the Chazzan, ever recites it aloud, and then only after the entire congregation, himself included, has recited it silently.
" ], "Amidah": [ "My Master,1When God's name is spelled Alef-Daled-Nun-Yud it means “my Master”, i.e., it is a personal declaration of the person uttering it. When it is spelled Yud-Hey-Vov-Hey, it indicates God as the Creator of all.—Avudraham open my lips, and my mouth will declare Your praise.2Psalms 51:17.", "THE VIRTUE OF OUR FOREFATHERS", "Blessed3The first blessing of Shemoneh Esrei contains eighteen expressions of praise which parallel the Eighteen Benedictions. are You, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, God of Abraham, God of Isaac, and God of Jacob, the Almighty, the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome, most high Almighty, Who bestows beneficent kindness, Who possesses everything, Who remembers the piety of the Patriarchs, and Who brings a redeemer to their children's children, for the sake of His Name, with love.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add:", "Remember us for life King, Who desires life; and inscribe us in the Book of Life, for Your sake, Living God.)4We ask God for life so that we can fulfill His purpose in creating us, i.e., to observe and fulfill His commandments.", "If you forgot to say this, and became aware of your omission before saying the blessing, you should recite it. If you have already said \"Blessed are You Adonoy,\" you must continue the prayers without saying \"Remember.\"", "King, Helper, and Deliverer and Shield.5God is a helper in all the fortunes of life by giving us the necessary energy and talents to succeed. He delivers us from both moral and physical suffering, and He shields us by keeping tragedy and evil influences from us. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Shield of Abraham.6These words complete the first blessing of Shemoneh Esrei called “Avos” (Patriarchs). And here too we bend our knees and bow when saying, “Blessed are You.” The major theme of this section is to praise God as “the Great”, as manifested in the Divine protection and providence He gave to the Patriarchs, of whom Abraham was the first.—Vilna Gaon", "DIVINE MIGHT", "You are mighty forever,7God's rule of the world is permanent and perpetual.—Kuzari my Master; You are the Resurrector of the dead8This is the emphatic expression of our belief in the immortality of the soul.—Kuzari the Powerful One9This passage begins the section of Shemoneh Esrei called “Gevuros” (Might) and its major theme is to praise God as “the Mighty One.” Who alone restores man to life, health, freedom, and well-being.—Vilna Gaon to deliver us.", "From the Musaf of the first day of Pesach until the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres one should say:", "He causes the dew to descend.", "From the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres until the Musaf of the first day of Pesach you should say:", "Causer of the wind to blow and of the rain to fall.10God's might is as much manifested in causing the rain as it is in reviving the dead. In fact the Talmud (Maseches Taanis 7a) declares in the name of Rabbi Avohu: “The day when rain falls is greater than the day of the resurrection of the dead.” Rabbi Yochanan said, (Ibid, 2a): “There are three ׳keys’ which God retains in His own hands and does not entrust to any emissary: the key to rain, the key to childbirth, and the key to the resurrection of the dead.”", "If you neglected to say this, and became aware of your omission before saying the blessing מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים, \"the Resurrector of the dead,\" you must say it at that time. If you reminded yourself after saying וְנֶאֱמָן אַתָּה \"You are faithful,\" you must repeat it and then complete the blessing of מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים. If you became aware of your omission after starting the blessing אַתָּה קָדוֹשׁ \"You are holy,\" even if you only said the word \"You,\" say the Shemoneh Esrei from the beginning. If during the first thirty days after Shemini Atzeres you are in doubt whether you said it, you must assume that you didnot say it. After thirty days, however, since you have become accustomed to saying it, you may assume that you recited the proper phrase and you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei.", "Sustainer of the living with kindliness, Resurrector of the dead11The most extraordinary manifestation of God's might—to our perception—is when He restores the dead to life. Avudraham writes that the three following praises represent various examples of how God restores life to those who arc near death. When a person falls (either physically or morally) he is often near death; thus, when God supports the fallen he restores their lives. When a person is sick, he often faces death, so when God heals the sick He restores their lives. A person who is imprisoned—i.e., confined—is like dead; thus when God releases the imprisoned He restores their lives. with great mercy, Supporter of the fallen, and Healer of the sick, and Releaser of the imprisoned, and Fulfiller of His faithfulness to those who sleep in the dust.12Just as God shows His faithfulness to the living, so too will He keep faith with the dead who lie in the dust. Others say that “Those who sleep in the dust” refers to the Patriarchs; God will remember the oath He made to them and keep His promises to them.—Avudraham Who is like You, Master of mighty deeds, and who can be compared to You? King Who causes death and restores life, and causes deliverance to sprout forth.13Deliverance will “grow” in stages rather than all at once.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add:", "Who is like You merciful Father, Who remembers His creatures for life, in His mercy)", "If you forgot to say this, the same law applies as above concerning \"Remember us for life.\"", "And You are faithful14How remarkable is the Jew's conviction of God's faithfulness. When the Chazzan says the blessing of “Resurrector of the dead,” the Jew responds, “Amein” even though he has not seen God restore the dead to life; when the Chazzan says the blessing “Redeemer of Israel,” he responds “Amein”, even though he has not yet been delivered; and when the Chazzan says the blessing “Builder of Jerusalem,” he responds “Amein” even though Jerusalem has not yet been rebuilt.—Midrash Tanchuma to restore the dead to life. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Resurrector of the dead.", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei, the Kedushah is said here)", "Kedushah", "The Congregation says and the Chazzan repeats:", "We will hallow and revere You as [with] the sweet words of the company of the holy Seraphim15The Angels. who thrice repeat \"holy\" unto You, as is written by the hand of Your prophet,16Isaiah 6:3. And they called one to another, and said:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "‘Holy, holy, holy, is Adonoy of Hosts, the fullness of all the earth is His glory.'\"", "The Chazzan says:", "Those facing them say \"Boruch...\"", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from its place17Ezekiel 3:12.", "The Chazzan says:", "And in Your Holy Words it is written:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "Adonoy will reign forever; Your God, Zion, throughout all generations! Praise God.18Psalms 146:10.", "DIVINE SANCTIFICATION", "You are holy and Your Name is holy and holy beings praise You every day, forever. For a great and Almighty King— great and holy—are You.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, the Almighty, the Holy One.19This blessing completes the section of Shemoneh Esrei called Kedushah (Holiness) which emphasizes that God is indeed awesome.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, the King, the Holy One.", "If you mistakenly said, \"the Almighty\" instead of \"the King,\" or if you are in doubt—if you realized your error after a lapse of time sufficient to utter a three word greeting (Shalom Aleichem Rebbe), or if you had already started the next blessing, you must say the Shmoneh Esrei from the beginning. If you became aware of your error before that, you should immediately say \"the King the Holy One\" and continue your prayers.", "PRAYER FOR UNDERSTANDING", "You favor man with perception20The blessing “You favor man with perception” begins the group of thirteen petitions which make up the “intermediate” section of Shemoneh Esrei. The first six petitions (blessings 4-9) are for our individual needs and well-being: understanding, repentance, forgiveness of sins, deliverance from trouble, from illness, and from want. Though these six petitions are of a personal nature, they voice the needs of all mankind. Note that the worshipper prays for his spiritual needs—knowledge, repentance, and forgiveness before he prays for his physical wants. and teach mankind understanding. Grant us from Your wisdom, understanding and knowledge.21Wisdom is essential to spiritual development, and we pray that God grant us understanding in order to fulfill the duties incumbent on us as Jews. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Grantor of perception.", "PRAYER FOR PENITENCE", "Cause us to return,22The goal of wisdom is the realization of man's true relationship to his Maker. Wisdom should be used for Torah study and Divine service. our Father, to Your Torah and bring us near, our King, to Your service; and bring us back in whole-hearted repentance23Since the Sages say, “Repent the day before you die” (Maseches Avos 2:10), and every day may be our last, we petition God daily for Divine guidance in repenting. before You Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who desires penitence.24Repentance in Judaism implies regret for past misconduct and firm resolve for correct conduct in the future. God holds out His hand to the erring sinner and leads him back to righteousness, as the Talmud (Maseches Yoma 38b) declares, הבא ליטהר מסיעין אותו. God desires penitence as it is written, “I do not desire the death of the wicked: but (rather) that the wicked return from his way and live” (Ezekiel 33:11).", "PRAYER FOR PARDON", "Pardon25Sin can only be pardoned after repentance. Hence, the order of these two petitions. Even if a person was the worst of sinners, his supplication (after repentance) makes him fit to receive Divine mercy and helps him attain it—R’ Yosef Albo us, our Father, for we have sinned, forgive us, our King, for we have transgressed;26Error, חטא, is the result of carelessness, ignorance, or weakness; sin, פשע, is a deliberate disregard of moral or religious duty. for you are a good and forgiving almighty. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Gracious One, Who pardons abundantly.27“Let the wicked forsake his way, and the man of iniquity, his thoughts. Let him return to Adonoy and He will have mercy upon him; and to our God for He abundantly pardons” (Isaiah 55:7).", "PRAYER FOR REDEMPTION", "Look, please, upon our affliction, and defend our cause: and redeem us speedily28As an outgrowth of our penitence and our forgiveness we pray that we may be deemed worthy of Divine redemption.—Kuzari with complete redemption for the sake of Your Name; because You are a Mighty Redeemer. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Redeemer of Israel.", "(On Fast Days, the Chazzan says \"Answer us\" and concludes, \"Blessed are ... Who responds at times of trouble.\")", "PRAYER FOR HEALING", "Heal us,29After the petitions for our spiritual needs we pray for earthly blessings—for health of body and soul, and for food to maintain our strength.—Kuzari Adonoy, and we will be healed, deliver us and we will be delivered; for You are our praise. Grant a cure and healing to all our sickness and to all our pain and to all our affliction", "If you wish to pray for the recovery of a sick person, you may do so here.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and the God of our fathers, that You send, quickly, a complete recovery from the heavens, healing for the soul, and healing for the body, for the ailing (name) son/daughter of (mother's name) among the ailing of Israel.", "because You are the Almighty, King, Who is a faithful and merciful Healer. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Healer of the sick of His people Israel.", "PRAYER FOR PROSPERITY", "Bless for us, Adonoy our God, this year and all the varieties of its produce for good; and bestow", "From the first say of Pesach until the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, we say the following line.", "blessing", "From the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, until the First day of Pesach, we say the following line.", "dew and rain for a blessing*", "upon the face of the earth; satisfy us from Your bounty30According to the Gaon of Vilna, the petition here reads מטובה, “Satisfy us from its bounty”, referring to the bounty of Eretz Yisroel. for you are generous Almighty who bestows goodness and blesses the years. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Blesser of the years.", "* If you forgot to say this and became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you may say it at that time and conclude the blessing. If you became aware of your omission after saying the blessing, continue the prayers, and before concluding the 16th blessing שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָּה, \"Who heeds prayer,\" say: וְתֵן טַל וּמָטָר לִבְרָכָה כִּי אַתָּה וגו' \"bestow dew and rain for blessing, for you heed etc.\". If you reminded yourself after concluding the blessing שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָּה, but before you started רְצֵה, \"be pleased,\" you may say: \"bestow dew and rain,\"וְתֵן טַל וּמָטָר and then continue with רְצֵה . If you remembered after that you must go back and say the 9th blessing, בָּרֵךְ עָלֵינוּ, and continue from there. But if you became aware of your omission after concluding the entire Shemoneh Esrei [and taking three steps backwards] you must repeat the entire Shemoneh Esrei.", "PRAYER FOR DELIVERANCE", "Sound the great shofar for our liberty,31The following six benedictions, beginning with this one, are prayers for the restoration of the spiritual-national life of the Jewish People. This tenth benediction is an impassioned prayer for the fulfillment of the prophecy, “And it will come to pass on that day, the great Shofar will be sounded; and those who were lost in the land of Assyria shall come and those who were dispersed in the land of Egypt; and they will worship Adonoy on the Holy Mountain at Jerusalem (Isaiah 27:13).—Avudraham and raise a banner to gather our exiles, and gather us together quickly from the four corners of the earth. into our Land. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Gatherer of the dispersed of His people Israel.", "PRAYER FOR RIGHTEOUS JUDGMENT", "Restore our judges32We pray for the restoration of God's reign of justice, as the prophet said, “And I will restore your judges as in former times, and your advisors as the beginning; afterward you (Jerusalem) will be called the city of righteousness, faithful city” (Isaiah 1:26). This will be manifested with the restoration of the Sanhedrin and their system of halachic justice. as before and our counselors as at first. Remove from us sorrow and sighing,33Few evils are the source of deeper grief and suffering than the absence of justice. With the restoration of justice, our sorrow and sighing will change to joy and gladness.—Avudraham and reign over us quickly You, Adonoy, alone with kindness and compassion; and make us righteous with righteousness and justice,", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, King, Lover of righteousness and justice.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, the King of Justice.", "If you mistakenly said, \"King, Lover of righteousness and justice,\" instead of \"the King of Justice\" and became aware of your mistake within the time it takes to utter the three word greeting (Sholom Aleichem Rebbe), you should immediately say \"the King of Justice.\" If you remembered after that interval, you may continue the Shemoneh Esrei since the word \"King\" was mentioned in the regular blessing.", "PRAYER FOR DIVINE RETRIBUTION", "For informers let there be no hope34This petition was added to the original Eighteen Benedictions. It was ordained by Rabban Gamliel and his Bais Din in Yavneh, according to the text of Shmuel HaKattan, its author (Maseches Berachos 28:b). It is directed against the early Christians who informed against Jews to the Roman authorities after the destruction of the Second Temple, causing them to be put to an excruciatingly painful death. and may all wickedness35Not the “wicked,” but “wickedness.” This particular prayer is based on the Talmudic interpretation of the verse, “Let sins be terminated on earth and the wicked will be no more” (Psalms 104:36). instantly perish may all Your enemies36God's enemies are the enemies of His people (see Rashi to Numbers 31:3). The internal enemies of the Jews, against whom this prayer was originally directed, disappeared within a short time. be swiftly cut off, and the insolent may You quickly uproot, crush, rout, disgrace and humbled and subdue speedily in our days. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Crusher of enemies and Subduer of the insolent.", "PRAYER FOR THE RIGHTEOUS SCHOLARS", "Upon the righteous37The prayer for the righteous follows the prayer against the wicked, following the same sequence of the Psalmist's verse, “And all the pride of the wicked, I shall cut down; exalted will be the pride of the righteous” (75:11).—Talmud, Maseches Megillah 17b, upon the pious, upon the elders of Your people the House of Israel, upon the remnant of their scholars, upon the true proselytes, and upon us, may Your mercy be aroused, Adonoy our God. Grant bountiful reward to all who trust in Your Name in truth;38As King David said, “Those knowing Your Name will trust in You” (Psalms 9:11). These men who perceive God's ways with undistorted clarity are of the highest caliber. They see God's hand guiding the world and they know with certainty that He directs all.—Avudraham, Malbim and place our lot among them, and may we never be put to shame,39The worshiper begs to be saved from the inner catastrophe of feeling that his trust in God has been in vain.—Pesher Dovor for in You we have put our trust. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Support and Trust of the righteous.", "PRAYER FOR JERUSALEM", "And to Jerusalem,40The “pride of the righteous will be exalted” in the restored city of Jerusalem. Hence in this blessing we plead for the reconstruction of Jerusalem, as it is stated, “Pray for the peace of Jerusalem; may they who love You have peace” (Psalms 122:6)—Maseches Megillah 17b Your city, return in mercy, and dwell therein as You have spoken; and rebuild it soon, in our days, as an everlasting structure, and the throne of David, Your servant may You speedily establish therein. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Builder of Jerusalem.", "PRAYER FOR SALVATION", "The sprout of David,41The prayer for the Messiah, descendant of David, follows the prayer for Jerusalem, following the sequence of Hosea's prophecy (3:5), “Afterward, the Children of Israel will return to Jerusalem and seek Adonoy their God, and David their King “—Masechcs Megillah 18a Your servant, speedily cause to flourish and exalt his power with Your deliverance, For Your deliverance we hope all day. and watch for Your deliverance. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who causes to sprout the power of salvation.", "PRAYER FOR ACCEPTANCE", "Merciful Father Hear our voice, Adonoy, our God;42The last of the intermediate benedictions petitions God to answer all our preceding prayers. spare us and have compassion on us, and accept our prayers compassionately and willingly, for You are Almighty Who hears prayers and supplications; and from Your Presence, our King, do not turn us away empty-handed,43At this point, the worshiper may add any private petition, and ask God's help for himself, for his household, or for his community. be gracious and answer us and hear our prayer* for You hear the prayers of every mouth of Your people, Israel, with compassion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who hears prayers.", "*One may add the following prayer for sustenance, at this point", "", "PRAYER FOR RETURN OF DIVINE SERVICE", "Be pleased,44The three concluding benedictions are known as the benedictions of thanksgiving. They consist of prayers for the re-establishment of God's service at Jerusalem; thanksgiving for God's daily wonders in our behalf; and a prayer for peace and prosperity. Adonoy, our God, with Your people Israel and pay need to their prayer;45In the previous blessings the first person was used: “Heal us,” “Have mercy on us,” whereas here the third person is used: “Their prayer,” “Accept their prayer.” In order to achieve a level in which we will be a source of pleasure to God, we must possess greater merit than what we as individuals can claim. We therefore ask God to take pleasure in the entire people of Israel among whom there are pious and righteous individuals who possess great merit, and we ask Him to accept “their prayer” with love and satisfaction.—Siach Yitzchok and restore the service to the Holy of Holies in Your abode, and the fire-offerings46The prayer “Be pleased” in a different form was recited by the Kohanim (priests) every day following the morning fire-offering.—Maseches Berachos 11b of Israel; and accept their prayer, lovingly and willingly. And may You always find pleasure with the service of Your people, Israel.", "On regular weekdays continue, \"And may our eyes\". On Rosh Chodesh and on Chol HaMoed, the following prayer is added:", "Our God and God of our fathers, may there ascend, come, and reach, appear, be desired, and heard, counted and recalled our remembrance and reckoning; the remembrance of our fathers; the remembrance of the Messiah the son of David, Your servant; the remembrance of Jerusalem, city of Your Sanctuary; and the remembrance of Your entire people, the House of Israel, before You for survival, for well-being, for favor, kindliness, compassion, for good life and peace on this day of:", "Rosh Chodesh", "the Festival of Matzos", "the Festival of Sukkos", "Remember us Adonoy, our God, on this day for well-being; be mindful of us on this day for blessing, and deliver us for good life. In accord with the promise of deliverance and compassion, spare us and favor us, have compassion on us and deliver us; for to You our eyes are directed because You are the Almighty Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "If you forgot to say this at Shacharis, (the Morning Service) or at Mincha (the Afternoon Service), but realized your omission before saying מוֹדִים, \"We are thankful,\" you should say it at that time and continue with מוֹדִים. If you became aware of your omission after saying \"מוֹדִים\" \"We are thankful,\" but before concluding the Shemoneh Esrei [and taking three steps backwards], start again from רְצֵה, \"Be pleased.\" If you had completed the Shemoneh Esrei and then remembered, you must repeat the entire Shemoneh Esrei from the beginning. If you are in doubt, follow the same procedure as above. If you had already said the Musaf prayer and recalled your omission, it is the opinion of some authorities, that the Shemoneh Esrei of Shacharis be repeated as a נְדָבָה, a free-will-offering of prayer, rather than an obligatory prayer.", "And may our eyes behold47We pray for the privilege of witnessing the visible revelation of the Divine Presence as it appeared to the prophets, to the pious, and to all who were delivered from Egypt.—Kuzari Your merciful return to Zion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion.", "THANKSGIVING", "At the words, We are thankful, bend forward; at Adonoy return to an upright position.", "We are thankful to You48Here you should bow in gratitude, as if standing before the Divine Presence, and say, “We are thankful to You.” The Jews always bowed when they perceived the Divine Presence..—Kuzari that You Adonoy are our God and the God of our fathers forever; Rock of our lives, the Shield of our deliverance, You are in every generation. We will give thanks to You and recount Your praise, for our lives which are committed into Your hand, and for our souls which are entrusted to You,49Here we thank God for returning our souls each morning, after having “entrusted” them to Him all night.—Eitz Yosef and for Your miracles of every day with us, and for Your wonders and benefactions at all times— evening, morning and noon.50This phrase concludes the earlier declaration, “We will give thanks to You and recount Your praise ... evening, morning, and noon .”—Iyun Tefillalh (You are) The Beneficent One— for Your compassion is never withheld; And (You are) the Merciful One— for Your kindliness never ceases; for we have always placed our hope in You.", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei and says, \"Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion\", the congregation responds by saying \"Amein\" and then the following prayer.51This prayer was ordained by Rav and his colleagues. It is an abstract of several prayers recited by various Rabbis [=Rabanan], and for this reason it is called Modim D'Rabanan.)", "We are thankful to You, that You Adonoy are our God, and God of our fathers, God of all flesh, Our Creator, Creator of the Beginning. Blessings and thanksgivings to Your great and holy Name for keeping us alive, and sustaining us; so may You always keep us alive and sustain us, and gather our exiles to the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary to observe Your statutes, and to do Your will, and to serve You wholeheartedly, for we are thankful to You. Blessed is the Almighty to Whom all thanks are due.", "(On Chanukah and Purim the following prayer is added. If you omitted it, you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei. If, however, you became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you should say it at that time, and conclude by saying, \"וְעַל כֻּלָּם, and for all the foregoing.\")", "[We thank You] for the miracles for the redemption, for the mighty deeds, for the deliverances, for the wonders for the consolations and for the wars that You performed for our fathers in those days at this season.", "On Chanukah:", "In the days of Matisyahu, son of Yochanan the High Priest, the Hasmonean and his sons, when the evil Greek kingdom rose up against Your people Israel to make them forget Your Torah52This refers to rationally conceived laws. S.R. Hirsch comments: The Greeks knew that the key to the Jewish religion is the Torah. If Torah were forgotten, the decline of ritual observance would be inevitable and rapid. Thus, they concentrated first on causing Torah to be forgotten, knowing that the deterioration of religious observance would swiftly follow. and to turn them away from the statutes of Your will— You, in Your abundant mercy, stood by them in their time of distress, You defended their cause, You judged their grievances, You avenged them. You delivered the mighty into the hands of the weak, many into the hands of the few, defiled people into the hands of the undefiled, the wicked into the hands of the righteous, and insolent [sinners] into the hands of diligent students of Your Torah. And You made Yourself a great and sanctified name in Your world. And for Your people, Israel, You performed a great deliverance and redemption unto this very day. Afterwards, Your sons entered the Holy of Holies of Your Abode, cleaned Your Temple, purified Your Sanctuary, and kindled lights in the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary, and designated these eight days of Chanukah to thank and praise Your great Name.", "On Purim:", "In the days of Mordechai and Esther in Shushan the Capital [of Persia], when the evil Haman rose up against them, he sought to destroy, to kill, and to annihilate all the Jews, young and old, infants and women, in one day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar, and to plunder their wealth53The usual procedure of those times was that all the wealth of executed people reverted to the monarch. In contrast to the norm, Haman decreed that Jewish possessions would be free for all to enjoy. He did this to provide added incentive to the populace who might have hesitated to kill Jews if they had nothing to gain.— And You, in Your abundant mercy, annulled his counsel, frustrated his intention, and brought his evil plan upon his own head, and they hanged him and his sons upon the gallows.", "And for all the foregoing blessed, exalted and extolled your Name, our King constantly, forever and ever.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, add:", "Inscribe for a good life all the children of Your covenant.", "If you forget to say this, you need not go back and repeat it. If you became aware of the omission before concluding the blessing, you can say it at that time.", "And all the living shall thank You forever and praise and bless Your great Name with sincerity forever; for You are goodness— the Almighty, Who is our deliverance and our help forever— the benevolent Almighty. Blessed are You, Adonoy, The Beneficent is Your Name and You it is fitting to praise.", "Birkas Kohanim54In Leviticus 9:22, we find that after he completed the Divine offering, Aaron lifted up his hands and blessed the people. In a like manner, his descendants, the Kohanim, uttered the priestly blessing after performing the Temple Service. In our days, on the occasions when the kohanim recite the priestly blessings, they do so immediately after the “We are thankful” prayer which terminates the Avodah (Service) section of the Shemoneh Esrei. When Kohanim do not recite the blessings, the blessings are mentioned by the Chazzan in his repetition of the Shemoneh Esrei.—Avudraham", "To be said by the Chazzan", "Our God, and God of our fathers, bless us with the threefold blessing of the Torah, written by the hand of Moses, Your servant, pronounced from the mouth of Aaron and his sons, the kohanim, Your holy people; as it is said:", "Adonoy bless you and guard you.", "Adonoy shine His countenance upon you and be gracious unto you.", "Adonoy turn His countenance toward you and grant you peace.55Rashi paraphrases this blessing with the words יכבש כעסו, “May He withhold His anger.”", "After Birkas Kohanim the congregation says:", "Mighty One on high who dwells in might, You are peace and Your Name is peace. May it be Your will that You grant us and all of Your people, the House of Israel life and blessing for a safeguard to peace.", "PRAYER FOR PEACE", "Grant peace,56Since the Birkas Kohanim concludes with a blessing for peace, this concluding blessing is a restatement of the last benediction in the form of a congregational prayer.—Pesher Dovor goodness, and blessing, life favor, kindness and compassion upon us and upon all Israel, Your people. Bless us, our Father, all of us as one with the light of Your countenance. For by the light of Your countenance You gave us Adonoy our God, a Torah of life and the love of kindliness,57One of the most important mitzvos of the “Torah of Life” is the mitzvah of doing kindness. But it is incomplete unless there is a love of kindliness in the heart which precedes the act of kindliness.—Pesher Dovor righteousness, blessing, compassion, life, and peace. And may it be good in Your sight to bless us and to bless Your people Israel, at all times and at every moment with Your peace (with much strength and peace).", "During the Ten Days of Penitence continue here:", "In the book of life, blessing, peace and abundant maintenance, good decrees, salvations and condolences, may we be remembered and inscribed before You; we and all Your people, the House of Israel for a good life and peace.", "If you forget to say this you need not go back and repeat it.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who blesses His people Israel with peace.", "May they be acceptable the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart, before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "My God, guard my tongue from evil58This prayer was the personal meditation of Mar the son of Ravina, which he recited after he completed his prayers (Maseches Berachos 17a), and it is therefore expressed in the singular. The Jew prays that his mouth, his tongue, and his lips, which have just served as the instruments for his communion with God, will not forfeit any of their moral purity in his dealings with his fellow men—Yaavetz and my lips from speaking deceitfully. To those who curse me, may my soul be unresponsive; and let my soul be like dust to all. Open my heart to Your Torah and let my soul pursue Your commandments.59May I have an open, receptive and understanding mind and spirit in the study of Torah. When it comes to mitzvos, let my soul know no indifference, indolence, or passivity. Let me demonstrate zealous and vigorous endeavor in all things pertaining to Your mitzvos.—Etz Yosef; S.R. Hirsch And all who plan evil against me, quickly annul their counsel and frustrate their intention. (May it it be Your will Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers, that no person be envious of me and that I not be envious of others, that I not be brought to anger this day, and that I not cause Your anger; and save me from the evil inclination, and help me be humble and any modest. Our King and our Father, unify Your Name in Your world, rebuild Your city, establish Your house and perfect your sanctuary. Gather our exiles, redeem Your people, rejoice Your congregation). Act for the sake of Your Name. Act for the sake of Your right hand. Act for the sake of Your Torah. Act for the sake of Your holiness. In order that Your loved ones be released, deliver [with] Your right hand and answer me. May they be acceptable the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart, before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He make peace upon us and upon all Israel and say Amein.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and the God of our Fathers that the Holy Temple be rebuilt speedily in our days, and grant us our share in Your Torah. And there we will serve You reverently as in the days of old, and in earlier years. And let Adonoy be pleased with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem as in the days of old and in earlier years." ], "Tachanun": [ "On Rosh Chodesh, Chol HaMoed, and Chanukah, Hallel is recited. On Fast Days (Monday—Thursday—Monday, Tenth of Teves, Fast of Esther, Seventeenth of Tamuz) Selichos are recited. On days when Tachanun is omitted (see below) the chazzan continues with Half Kaddish. (14 and 15 Adar Rishon in a leap year); the entire month of Nissan; Pesach Sheini (14 Iyar); Lag BaOmer; 1-8 Sivan; 9 and 15 Av; and 29 Elul. When Tachanun is omitted on these days, it is also omitted at the preceding Mincha (afternoon service). Tachanun is also omitted in the presence of a bridegroom, in the house of a mourner during the week of mourning, and on the occasion of a circumcision if the father, the sandak or the mohel is present.", "The worshipper recites the Tachanun in a sitting position, while resting his brow on his arm. During the morning service, when the hand-tefillin is on the left arm, he leans his brow on his right arm, but at the Mincha service he leans his brow on his left arm. This \"falling on one's face\" symbolizes complete submission to God and the committing of our destinies into His hands. It is mentioned in the Talmud (Maseches Megillah 22b), and originates with Moses, who \"Fell down before God\" (Deuteronomy 9:18) and was followed by Joshua, who \"Fell on the earth upon his face before the Ark of God\" (Joshua 7:6)", "Our God and God of our fathers, let our prayer come before you and do not ignore our supplication. For we are not so brazen-faced and stiff-necked to say to you, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, We are righteous and have not sinned. But, indeed, we and our fathers have sinned.", "We have trespassed [against God and man, and we are devastated by our guilt]; We have betrayed [God and man, we have been ungrateful for the good done to us]; We have stolen; We have slandered. We have caused others to sin; We have caused others to commit sins for which they are called רְשָׁעִים, wicked; We have sinned with malicious intent; We have forcibly taken other's possessions even though we paid for them; We have added falsehood upon falsehood; we have joined with evil individuals or groups. We have given harmful advice; We have deceived; We have mocked; We have rebelled against God and His Torah; We have caused God to be angry with us; We have turned away from God's Torah; We have sinned deliberately; We have been negligent in our performance of the commandments; We have caused our friends grief; We have been stiff-necked, refusing to admit that the cause of our suffering is our own sins. We have committed sins for which we are called רָשָׁע [raising a hand to hit someone]. We have committed sins which are the result of moral corruption; We have committed sins which the Torah refers to as abominations; We have gone astray; We have led others astray.", "We have turned away from Your commandments and from Your good laws, and we have gained nothing from it. And You are the Righteous One in all [punishment] that has come upon us; for You have acted truthfully and we have acted wickedly.", "You are Almighty, Slow to anger, Lord of Mercy, You are called, and the way of repentance, You have taught us. The greatness of Your mercy and kindness, remember this day and every day for the descendants of Your loved ones. Turn to us with compassion for You are the Lord of Mercy. With supplication and prayer we approach Your Presence, as You made know to [Moses,] the modest one of old. From Your fierce anger turn, as it is written in Your Torah: In the shadow of Your wings, may we be sheltered and lodged, as on the day [of which it is said:] When Adonoy descended in the cloud. Remove [our] transgression, and blot out [our] iniquity, as on the day [of which it is said:] And He stood with him there. Give ear to our cry and listen to our speech, as on the day [of which it is said:] And He proclaimed in the Name, Adonoy And there it is said:", "Congregation and Chazzan:", "And Adonoy passed before him [Moses] and proclaimed:", "Adonoy, Adonoy, Almighty, Merciful, Gracious, Slow to Anger, and Abundant in Kindness and Truth. Keeper of kindness for thousands of generations, Endurer of iniquity and transgression, and sin, and Acquitter of those who repent.1Exodus 34:5-7.", "And pardon our iniquity and our sin, and take us for Your inheritance.2Exodus 34:9. Pardon us, our Father, for we have sinned, forgive us, our King, for we have transgressed. For You, my Master, are good and forgiving, and abounding in kindness to all who call upon You.3Psalms 86:5.", "The following supplication is recited while resting your brow on your arm.", "And David said to Gad (II Samuel 24:14), I am greatly distressed; let us fall into the hand of Adonoy4David had sinned by counting the Jews. And his heart was crushed with remorse when the prophet Gad, at God's command, offered him a choice of three punishments: seven years of famine, or three months of defeat in war, or three days of pestilence. David chose the last of these three, explaining that he preferred to trust in God's compassion rather than be at man's mercy. Indeed, the pestilence lasted only half a day instead of three. for His mercies are great, but into the hand of man let me not fall.\"", "Merciful and gracious One, I have sinned before You; Adonoy, full of mercy, have compassion upon me and accept my supplications.", "Adonoy, do not rebuke me with Your anger,5In this psalm (6:2-11) David willingly accepts Divine punishment. He asks only that it not be inflicted on him at once in a sudden, unbearable burst of fury. Rather, he pleads, that it be meted out gradually so that he can withstand the suffering.—Radak nor chastise me with Your rage.6Rebuke is offered with kind words, while chastisement, is often accompanied by harsh punishment.—Malbim Be gracious unto me, Adonoy, for I am desolate, heal me Adonoy, for my bones are terrified. My soul, [too,] is utterly terrified, and You Adonoy, how long? Return Adonoy, free my soul,7Since all physical illness stems from blemishes and sins of the soul, the Talmud (Maseches Nedarim 41a) states that a person does not recover from his illness until all of his sins are forgiven, as it says, “Who forgives all your sins. Who heals all your ailments” (Psalms 103:3). David first requests that God free his soul by forgiving his sins; only then can his shattered body be healed.—Imros Tehoros deliver me for the sake of Your lovingkindness. For in death there is no mention of You; in the lower world who will thank You. I am worn out with my sighing, every night I cause my bed to float; with my tears, I melt my couch.8During the twenty-two years the Holy Spirit departed from him, David shed a cupful of tears and drank it every single day.—Yalkut (Samuel 165) My eye is dimmed from anger,9David was angry because his enemies rejoiced over his illness.—Radak it has aged because of my tormentors. Depart from me, all you evildoers, for Adonoy has heard the voice of my weeping.10Weeping is the eloquence of sorrow, and our tears are liquid prayers. Adonoy has heard my supplication, Adonoy will (also) accept my prayer.11Prayer seeks spiritual purification and proper understanding.—S.R. Hirsch Ashamed and utterly terrified12My enemies, who hoped for my death, will be ashamed and terrified when they see that my health has been restored.—Radak will all my foes be, they will return and be instantaneously ashamed.13When they witness my recovery, they will regret their animosity and seek peace with me. At that moment they will be ashamed to face me.—Radak" ], "Avinu Malkeinu": [ "During the Ten Days of Penitence, Avinu Malkeinu is recited here during Shacharis—the morning service, and Mincha—the afternoon service. It is also said by some congregations on public Fast Days. The number of petitions in this prayer varies with custom, but in our rite, Avinu Malkeinu consists of 44 petitions. Since many of them are similar to the petitions of Shemoneh Esrei, Avinu Malkeinu is never recited on Shabbos, when the petitions of Shemoneh Esrei are also omitted. This unique and moving prayer is recorded as having been recited by Rabbi Akiva. The Talmud (Maseches Taanis 25b) relates that Rabbi Eliezer once stepped down before the Ark and recited the 24 benedictions for fast days and his prayers were not answered. Rabbi Akiva stepped down after him and exclaimed, \"Our Father, our King, we have no king except You. Our Father, our King, for Your sake have mercy on us,\" and rain fell.", "Our Father, our King!1The Jewish People are referred to in Scripture as God's slaves (Leviticus 25:42), and as His children (Deuteronomy 14:1). Thus we say to Him, “If we are Your children, we beseech You as our Father; if we are Your slaves, we implore You as our Master and King Contrary to the view that God, the Father, is so full of love for His children, that He permits the wanton breaking of His commandments to go unpunished, Judaism knows that God the King, must be feared and His laws must be obeyed. There are times when a father is unable to do what he would like for his children because of physical or financial limitations. On the other hand, a king has the power to do anything for his subjects if he should so desire. We cry out to God—You are our Father and You desire to help us—You are our King and You have the power to help us! we have sinned before You.", "Our Father our King! we have no King except You.2Despite our physical banishment and spiritual estrangement—the result of our sins—we still have none other than God to guide our lives and to shape our destiny.", "Our Father, our King! deal with us [kindly] for the sake of Your Name.3See Ezekiel 36.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, say:", "Our Father, our King! renew for us a good year.", "On public fast-days, say:", "Our Father, our King! bless us with a good year.", "Our Father, our King! annul all harsh decrees concerning us.", "Our Father, our King! annul the designs of those who hate us.", "Our Father, our King! thwart the plans of our enemies.", "Our Father, Our King! rid us of every oppressor and adversary.", "Our Father, Our King! seal the mouths of our adversaries and accusers.", "Our Father, Our King! remove pestilence, sword, famine, captivity, destruction, [the burden of] iniquity and religious persecution from the members of Your covenant.", "Our Father, Our King! withhold the plague from Your inheritance.", "Our Father, Our King! forgive and pardon all our iniquities.", "Our Father, Our King! blot out and remove our transgressions and sins from before Your eyes.", "Our Father, Our King! erase in Your abundant mercy all records of our liabilities.4Having just asked that our sins be forgiven and that our transgressions be removed from before His eyes, what are we asking for now? Our earlier pleas were for forgiveness of those sins we committed ourselves. But there are sins for which we are held accountable even though we do not commit them ourselves. One possibility is, having watched while others sin, when we may have been able to prevent it. (Chazal say כל ישראל ערבין זה לזה. A guarantor is one who countersigns a debt note, undertaking to pay if the borrower defaults. Thus we ask God to erase all our notes of obligation whether as borrower or guarantor. In all instances, He is the Extender of credit.) Thus we beseech God to erase the records of our guilt in those instances.—Siach Yitzchok", "Our Father, Our King! bring us back in wholehearted5Many repent out of their fear of God. Others repent out of their love for Him. We beseech God to bring us back in “wholehearted” repentance motivated by love, the most perfect form of penitence.—Etz Yosef repentance before You.", "Our Father, Our King! send complete6We beseech God to heal both the spiritually ill as well as the physically ill. We ask, therefore, for a “complete” healing for the sick among us.—Etz Yosef healing to the sick among Your people.", "Our Father, Our King! tear up the evil [parts] of our sentence.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us favorably before You.", "The following five prayers are said during the Ten Days of Penitence.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of the Good Life.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Redemption and Deliverance.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Maintenance and Sustenance.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Merits.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Pardon and Forgiveness.", "The following five prayers are said on public fast-days.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for a good life.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for redemption and deliverance.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for maintenance and sustenance.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for merit.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for pardon and forgiveness.", "Our Father, Our King! cause deliverance to spring forth for us soon.", "Our Father, Our King! raise up the might of Your people Israel.", "Our Father, Our King! raise up the might of Your anointed.", "Our Father, Our King! fill our hands with Your blessings.", "Our Father, Our King! fill our storehouses with abundance.", "Our Father, Our King! hear our voice, spare us and have compassion upon us.", "Our Father, Our King! accept our prayer with compassion and favor.", "Our Father, Our King! open the gates of heaven to our prayer.", "Our Father, Our King! remember, that we are dust.", "Our Father, Our King! Please do not turn us away empty-handed from You.", "Our Father, Our King! let this hour be an hour of compassion and a time of favor before You.", "Our Father, Our King! have compassion upon us, and upon our children and infants.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of those who were slain for Your holy Name.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of those who were slaughtered for [proclaiming] Your Unity.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of those who went through fire and water for the sanctification of Your Name.", "Our Father, Our King! avenge before our eyes the spilled blood of Your servants.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for Your sake if not for ours.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for Your sake and deliver us.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of Your great mercy.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of Your great, mighty, and awesome Name which is proclaimed upon us.", "Our Father, Our King! favor us and answer us for we have no accomplishments; deal with us charitably and kindly with us and deliver us." ], "For Monday & Thursday": [ "The following prayers are added on Mondays and Thursday. On other days, continue \"Guardian of Israel. . .\":", "This group of somber plaints, known as the \"long Vehu Rachum\" is recited in the morning service on Mondays and Thursdays, except on days when Tachanun is omitted. The origin of these seven prayers is shrouded in legend. It has been suggested that they were composed during the terrible persecutions at the hands of the Goths in seventh-century Spain. It has been said, \"Whoever can read this ‘long Vehu Rachum' prayer without emotion has lost all feeling for what is great and noble.\" Despite all the repetition in these cries for forgiveness, mercy, help, and protection, the effect is not tiring; because here it is not merely an individual soul, but the soul of an entire people that utters these laments and supplications, that gives voice to this woe of nearly two thousand years. Moses ascended Mount Sinai to receive the Second Tablets on the fifth day of the week, and he returned to the people on the second day of the week, bringing them the new tablets as a security for the Divine covenant and as confirmation of God's atonement for their transgression. Ever since, the second and fifth day of each week, Monday and Thursday, have been days of summons to the Jewish people to assemble anew before God and to reaffirm their sincere \"return\" to the Law of God. Our regular service is therefore augmented on these days by these additional supplications.", "And He, the merciful One, will atone iniquity, and will not destroy, He frequently withdraws His anger, and does not arouse all His rage.1Psalms 78:38. You, Adonoy, do not withhold Your mercy from us; may Your kindness and truth always protect us.2Psalms 40:12 (basis). Deliver us, Adonoy, our God, and gather us from among the nations to give thanks to Your holy Name to be extolled in Your praise.3Psalms 106:47. If You, God, should preserve iniquities,4Were it not for the grace of God, any sin a person committed would deprive him of the right to continued existence. (Transgression is seen as a form of treason which is punishable by death). However, through the grace of Divine forgiveness, God makes it possible for us to atone for past sins through penitence and the decision to act in the future with God-fearing conduct.—S.R. Hirsch my Master, who could survive?5Psalms 130:3. But with You there is forgiveness, [in order] that You may be feared.6Psalms 130:4. Do not deal with us according to our sins nor repay us according to our iniquities.7Psalms 103:10 (basis). If our iniquities testify against us, Adonoy, act [mercifully] for Your Name's sake.8Jeremiah 14:7. Remember Your mercies Adonoy, and Your kindnesses, for they are from the beginning of the world.9Psalms 25:6. Adonoy will answer us on the day of distress, the Name of the God of Jacob will fortify us.10Psalms 20:2 (basis). Because of the trials and tribulations that marked his life, Jacob has become the model personality for the people descended from him. We preserve our trust in God, despite all the bitter blows which befall us, even as Jacob was confident that God was mindful of him. We, too, are sustained by our trust that God will eventually lead us to salvation as He led Jacob to a pinnacle of joy and happiness.—S.R. Hirsch Adonoy, deliver [us]; the King will answer us on the day we call.11Psalms 20:10. Our Father, our King, favor us and answer us, for we have no [good] deeds; deal charitably with us according to Your abundant mercy and deliver us for the sake of Your Name. Our Master, our God, heed our supplications; and remember unto us the covenant of our fathers, and deliver us for Your Name's sake.", "And now, my Master, our God, who brought out Your people, from the land of Egypt with a mighty hand, and made for Yourself a name to this day;'12A name which has come to be recognized to an evergrowing extent among men.—S.R. Hirsch we have sinned, we have acted wickedly. My Master, with all Your righteousness turn away Your anger and Your rage from Your city, Jerusalem, Your holy mountain; for because of our sins and the iniquities of our fathers,13Through sincere atonement and earnest resolve to better our conduct, we could have restored that which was lost through the iniquities of our ancestors. But instead, we, too, have left much to be desired in this respect.—Yaavetz Jerusalem and Your people are [held] in contempt by all who surround us. And now, listen our God, to the prayers of Your servant and to his supplications; and let Your radiant countenance shine upon Your desolate Sanctuary for Your sake, my Master.", "Incline Your ear, my God, and hear;14“Hear” that which others say and think about us; or “hear” our cry for help.—S.R. Hirsch open Your eyes and behold our desolate places and the city which is called by Your Name, for it is not on account of our righteousness that we let fall our supplications before You, but because of Your great mercy. My Master, hear! my Master, forgive! my Master, listen and take action, do not delay! For Your sake, my God, for Your Name is proclaimed over Your15If the city which You have founded should fall, and the people You have chosen should perish, the cause of the universal acknowledgement of Your Oneness, would suffer.—S.R. Hirsch city and Your people. Our Father, merciful Father, show us a sign for good and gather our dispersed [people] from the four corners of the earth, [so that] all nations will recognize and know that You, Adonoy, are our God.16Daniel 9:15-19. And now, Adonoy, You are our Father; we are the clay and You are our Former; and we are all the work of Your hand. Deliver us, for Your Name's sake our Father, our King, our Rock and our Redeemer.17Isaiah 64:7. Adonoy, spare Your people, and let not Your heritage be [an object] of contempt for nations to rule over.18Joel 2:17. Why should they say among the peoples, Where is their God? Adonoy, we know that we have sinned, and there is none to stand up in our behalf; let Your great Name, then, stand up for us at the time of distress. We know that we have no [good] deeds, [therefore] deal charitably with us for Your Name's sake. As a father has compassion on his children, so do You have compassion on us, Adonoy,19Others translate this as a prayer rather than a fact: “So, Adonoy, have compassion on us.” and [therefore] deliver us for Your Name's sake. Have pity on Your people, have compassion on Your heritage, spare us with Your great mercy; favor us. our King, and answer us, for righteousness is Yours, Adonoy, Who performs wonders at all times.", "Look, we beseech You, speedily have compassion and deliver the sheep of Your pasture; let wrath not prevail over us, for, Adonoy, deliverance is Yours. Our hope rests with You, God of forgiveness; please forgive [us], for You Almighty, are good, and forgiving.", "We beseech You, gracious and compassionate King, remember and look to the Covenant between the divided pieces,20See Genesis 15:9-21 for a complete account of this covenant with Abraham. and let appear before You the binding [upon the Altar] of the only son, and for the sake of Israel,21Some interpret the name “Israel” as a reference to the patriarch Jacob, who was called Israel. This prayer calls to mind the merit of all three patriarchs: Abraham, who bound his only son; Isaac, who willfully let himself be bound on the altar; and Jacob, whose entire life was one of suffering for God.—Iyun Tefilloh our father. Do not abandon22To abandon means to leave a person to his own devices. “You know, our Father, that our own strength and intelligence are not adequate for us, so give us Your Fatherly care.”—S.R. Hirsch us our father, do not cast us off our King, do not forget us our Creator, and do not bring destruction upon us in our exile for You are the Almighty who is King, gracious and merciful.", "There is none like You, gracious and merciful Adonoy, our God; there is none like You, Almighty, slow to anger, abundant in kindliness and truth. Deliver us, and have mercy on us with Your great mercy, save us from storm and rage. Remember Your servants, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; do not consider the stubbornness of this people, their wickedness, and their sinfulness.23Deuteronomy 9:27 (basis). Turn from Your fierce anger and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil [intended] for Your people.24Exodus 32:12. Remove from us the scourge of death, for You are merciful; for such is Your way— to bestow undeserved kindness in every generation. Spare Your people, Adonoy, and save us from Your wrath; remove from us the scourge of plague, and harsh decree, for You are the Guardian of Israel. Righteousness is Yours, my Master, while shame is ours.25Daniel 9:7. How can we complain? What can we say? What can we speak? and how can we justify ourselves? Let us search into our ways and examine them, and return to You; for Your right hand is extended to receive those who repent. We beseech You Adonoy!—deliver us. We beseech You Adonoy!—grant us success26Psalms 118:25.; We beseech You Adonoy! — answer us on the day we call. For You, Adonoy, we have waited, For You, Adonoy, we have hoped, For You, Adonoy, we yearn. Do not be silent, and do not allow us to be tormented; for the nations have said, \"Their hope is lost.\" Let every knee bend to You and all who stand erect prostrate themselves before You", "You Who opens Your hand to [accept] repentance, to receive transgressors and sinners: our soul is terrified from our great sorrow— forget us not forever; arise and deliver us. Do not pour out Your wrath upon us, for we are Your people, the children of Your covenant. Almighty, look! Our glory has sunk low among the nations, and they abominate us like the impurity of the nidah.27Nidah is menstrual uncleanliness. See Leviticus 12:2. How long will Your strength be in captivity, and Your glory, in the hand of the foe?28This prayer is a paraphrase of Psalms 78:61. We read concerning the Ark of the Covenant, which had fallen into the hands of the Philistines, “And delivered His strength into captivity and His glory into the hand of the foe.” Arouse Your might and deliver us for the sake of Your Name, let our sufferings not seem trivial to You. May Your mercy come swiftly toward us in time of our distress; not for our sake, but do it for Your sake, and do not obliterate the remembrance of our remnant, for our eyes look hopefully to You, for You are the Almighty Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful. Remember our testimony every day we proclaim twice a day with love: Hear Israel, Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.", "Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people.29Exodus 32:12.", "Look30The following prayers enable us to visualize the horrors of persecution that were so often the lot of the Jews in the dark ages and even more so in our days. from heaven and behold that we have become [an object] of scorn and derision among the nations; we are considered as the sheep led to the slaughter to be slain and destroyed, tortured and humiliated. And yet despite all this,31This refrain gives striking expression to the steadfastness of the Jew amid all his agony and martyrdom.
The one concept which, more than anything else, protected Israel from the base impulse of vengefulness, is proclaimed in these last few petitions. They teach us that we must commit to none other than God all vengeance and retribution for the suffering we sustain at the hands of others. Sacred literature is replete with assurances of God's retribution for all that we have suffered at the hands of our foes.
we have not forgotten Your Name; please, do not forget us.", "Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people.", "Strangers say: there is no hope or expectation [for us.] Be gracious to the people who place their hope in Your Name. Pure One, bring our deliverance near; we are weary and no relief is granted us. May Your mercy suppress Your anger from us. We beseech You, turn from Your anger, and have compassion on the treasured people whom You have chosen.", "Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people.", "Adonoy, in Your mercy, spare us, do not discard us in the hands of cruel foes. Why should the nations say: Where now is their God?32Psalms 115:2. For Your sake, deal kindly with us and do not delay. We beseech You, turn from Your anger, and have compassion on the treasured people whom You have chosen.", "Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people.", "Hear our voice and be gracious, do not cast us off into the hands of our enemies to obliterate our name. Remember what You have sworn to our fathers: Like the stars of the heavens will I multiply your descendants,33Exodus 32:13. and now, we are left only a few out of many. And yet despite all this, we have not forgotten Your Name; please, do not forget us.", "Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people.", "Help us, God of our deliverance for the sake of the glory of Your Name; save us and atone our sins for the sake of Your Name.", "Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people.", "Guardian of Israel, guard the remnant of Israel, and let not Israel perish, who say, \"Hear Israel.\"", "Guardian of the unique nation, guard the remnant of the unique people, and let not the unique nation perish, who proclaim the Oneness of Your Name, [saying:] Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.", "Guardian of the holy nation, guard the remnant of the holy people and let not the holy nation perish who repeat the threefold sanctification to the Holy One.", "You Who are appeased by pleas for mercy, and conciliated by supplications, be appeased and conciliated to an afflicted generation, for there is none else to help. Our Father, our King! be gracious to us and answer us for we have no [good] deeds, deal with us charitably and kindly and deliver us.", "As for us, we know not what to do; but our eyes are upon You.34I Chronicles 20:12. With this sentence. King Yehoshafat, concluded his prayer for Divine aid in his struggle against the hostile nations that were united against him. His prayer was answered. Each Jew in every generation must realize that he too has only one refuge for all time to come—God—to Whom we turn our eyes with trusting hope—S.R. Hirsch Remember Your mercies, Adonoy, and kindnesses for they are from the beginning of the world.35Psalms 25:26. Adonoy! may Your kindness be upon us, as we have waited for You.36Psalms 33:22. Remember not the sins of our ancestors;37Others translate, “Remember not our [own] former iniquities.” let Your mercy come swiftly toward us,38Psalms 79:8. for we have been brought very low. Help us for the Name of Adonoy Creator of Heaven and earth. Be gracious to us, Adonoy, be gracious to us for we are saturated with humiliation.39Psalms 123:3. [Even] in anger remember to have compassion.40Habakuk 3:2. [Even] in anger remember the binding of Isaac. Even in anger remember the uprightness of Jacob Adonoy deliver [us] the King will answer us on the day we call. For He knows of what we are made; He is mindful that we are but dust.41Psalms 103:14. Help us, God of our deliverance, for the sake of the glory of Your Name; save us and atone our sins,42May we repent so that our sins will be atoned. for the sake of Your Name.43Psalms 79:9.", "The Chazzan recites the Half Kaddish", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming if His Messiah in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "On days when the Torah is not read continue with Ashrei." ], "Torah Reading": [ "The following paragraph is said on Mondays and Thursdays except on Rosh Chodesh, the eve of Pesach, Tishah b'Av, Chanukah, the 14th and 15th Adar and Adar Sheni (Purim and Purim Katan), the eve of Yom Kippur, and it is also omitted in the house of a mourner. This prayer is recited while standing, as it includes a form of viduy (confession) which must be said while standing. On Mondays and Thursdays, as we are about to open the Ark to take out the Seifer Torah for public reading, we realize that we have transgressed much that is written in the Torah and are unworthy even to take it into our hands. Aware of our inadequacy and unworthiness, we utter the words, \"Almighty who is slow to anger etc....\", appealing to Him for forgiveness.", "Almighty who is slow to anger and full of compassion, do not hide Your presence from us. Adonoy, spare Your people1This verse from Joel (2:17) was inserted here by the sages of Italy as an abbreviated form of Tachanun to be recited by latecomers to the synagogue, instead of the entire “Vehu Rachum”, so that they could pay attention to the reading of the Torah. and save us from all evil. We have sinned against You, Master, forgive us, please, in keeping with Your abundant mercy, Almighty.", "Moses and the Elders with him ordained that the Torah be read in public on Shabbos, Monday and Thursday mornings. The Talmud (Maseches Baba Kama 82), notes that Ezra later instituted that three men should be called up to read a total of at least ten verses from the Torah. He also enacted that the Torah be read at the Shabbos Mincha (afternoon) service. When the Torah is removed from the Ark, great care is taken to honor it. It is escorted by as many people as possible from the moment it is taken out of the Ark until it is placed on the reading table. We embrace and kiss the Torah during the procession and refrain from idle chatter. While the Torah is being read, you must be silent and listen to each word.", "When the Holy Ark is opened, the following is said:", "Whenever the Ark traveled, Moses would say: \"Rise, Adonoy and let Your enemies be scattered, and those who hate You, flee before You.\" For from Zion will go forth the Torah, and the word of Adonoy from Jerusalem. Blessed is He Who gave the Torah to His people Israel in His holiness.", "The following prayer is taken from the Zohar (Parshas Vayakhail), the basic text of Kabbalah which was written by the Mishnaic sage Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai. The Zohar states, \"When the Torah is taken out to be read before the congregation, the heavenly gates of mercy are opened, and the Divine love is aroused; therefore one should say the following prayer.", "Blessed is the Name of the Master of the universe. Blessed is Your crown and Your place. May Your good will [be] with Your people Israel forever. The redemption of Your right hand show Your people in Your Holy Temple. Bestow on us Your excellent light, and accept our prayer with compassion. May it be Your will to prolong our lives in well-being. Let me be counted among the righteous, so that You will have compassion on me and protect me and all that is mine, and all that belongs to Your people, Israel. You are He Who nourishes all and maintains all; You are He Who rules over all; You are He Who rules over kings, and the kingdom is Yours. I am a servant of the Holy One, blessed is He, I bow before Him and before the honor of His Torah at all times. Not in man do I put my trust, nor do I rely on any angel; but only in the God of heaven, Who is the true God, Whose Torah is truth, Whose prophets are true, and Who performs many deeds of goodness and truth. In Him I put my trust and to His holy, honored Name I utter praises. May it be Your will to open my heart to Torah, and to fulfill the desires of my heart, and of the heart of Your people Israel, for goodness, for life, and for peace.", "The Chazzan says:", "Declare the greatness of Adonoy, with me. and let us exalt His Name together.", "The Congregation responds:", "Yours, Adonoy, is the greatness, the might, the glory, the victory, and the beauty, for everything in heaven and on earth [is Yours]; Yours, Adonoy, is the kingdom, and You are uplifted over all rulers. Exalt Adonoy, our God, and prostrate yourselves at His footstool, Holy is He. Exalt Adonoy, Our God, and prostrate yourselves at His holy mountain for Adonoy, our God, is holy.", "May the Father of mercy have compassion on the people borne2See Exodus 19:4, “You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I carried you on eagles’ wings.” See Isaiah 46:3, “Israel which are borne by Me from the belly, which are carried by Me from the womb.” by Him, and may He remember the covenant with the patriarchs; may He rescue our souls from evil times; and may He rebuke the evil impulse from those who have been carried3See Exodus 19:4, “You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I carried you on eagles’ wings.” See Isaiah 46:3, “Israel which are borne by Me from the belly, which are carried by Me from the womb.” by Him; and may He graciously grant us eternal survival; and fulfill our requests in beneficent measure, [for] deliverance and compassion.", "When the Torah is unrolled, the Reader says:", "May His sovereignty be revealed and visible to us, soon; and may He be gracious to our remnant and the remnant of His people, the House of Israel [granting them] favor, kindness, compassion and goodwill. And let us say Amein. Let all ascribe greatness to our God, and give honor to the Torah. Let the Kohein come forward. Arise, ______ son of _____, the Kohein, Blessed is He Who gave the Torah to His people, Israel, in His holiness.", "The Congregation responds:", "And you who cling to Adonoy, Your God, are all alive today.", "The Kohein*The following blessings are recited by every person called to the Torah. walks up to the Torah and says:", "Blessed Adonoy, who is blessed.", "The Congregation responds and the Kohein repeats:", "Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed, forever and ever.", "The Kohein says:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who chose us from among all the peoples and gave us His Torah. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Giver of the Torah.", "After the Torah is read, the Kohein says:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe Who gave us the Torah of truth, and implanted eternal life within us. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Giver of the Torah.", "Rav says, (Maseches Berachos 54) that four are obligated to offer thanks: persons who have safely completed a sea or land journey, or who have recovered from a serious illness, or have been released from captivity. One who is obligated to recite the blessing of thanksgiving should do so at the Torah-scroll after the blessing that follows the Torah reading. It is proper not to delay the recital of the blessing for more than three days.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who bestows goodness upon the guilty, Who has bestowed every goodness upon me.", "The congregation responds:", "He Who has bestowed goodness upon you, may He bestow every goodness upon you, forever.", "Blessing by the father of a Bar Mitzvah", "The following blessing is said by the father of a Bar Mitzvah, after the lad has been called to the Torah and has recited the blessing following the reading:", "Blessed (are You) who has released me from the punishment1The father is liable for the sins of his children only until they have been taught and trained to perform and observe the mitzvos. Once they have reached this level, even though they are not yet thirteen years of age, the father is no longer responsible for their sins.
Why then is this Beracha recited at the time of Bar Mitzvah? The Dover Meisharim, cites sources stating that on the contrary, children sometimes perish because of their fathers׳ sins. The fathers, in turn, are punished for causing the untimely deaths of their young children. Thus when they reach thirteen and are no longer liable for their fathers’ sins, the fathers too are released from the punishment they could have received for causing their children to perish. The Beracha is therefore recited at the Bar Mitzvah when the son becomes fully independent of his father.
of this [boy].", "When the reading of the Torah is concluded, the Half Kaddish is recited by the Reader. The Torah is then raised so that the congregation can see the script, and the congregation exclaims:", "This is the Torah which Moses placed before the children of Israel at Adonoy's command by the hand of Moses.", "It is a tree of life to those who grasp to it, and those who support it are fortunate. Its ways are ways of pleasantness, and all its paths are peace. Long life is at its right, at its left, riches and honor. Adonoy desired, for the sake of His righteousness, to make the Torah great and to glorify it.", "On those Mondays and Thursdays when Tachanun is said, before returning the Torah to the Ark, the Chazzan recites:", "May it be the will of our Father in heaven to establish the House of our lives2The Holy Temple. and restore His Divine Presence to our midst, speedily in our days, and let us say Amein.", "May it be the will of our Father in heaven to have compassion upon us and upon our remnant, and to keep destruction and plague from us, and from all His people, the House of Israel; and let us say Amein.", "May it be the will of our Father in heaven to preserve among us the sages of Israel, them, their wives, their sons and their daughters, their disciples, and the disciples of their disciples, wherever they live; and let us say Amein.", "May it be the will of our Father in heaven that we may hear and receive good tidings [of] deliverance and consolation; may He gather our dispersed from the four corners of the earth; and let us say Amein.", "[As for] our brethren, the entire House of Israel who [still] remain in distress and captivity, whether on sea or on land, may God have compassion on them, and bring them from distress to relief, from darkness to light, from servitude to redemption, at this moment, speedily, very soon; and let us say Amein." ], "Ashrei": [ "Fortunate are those who dwell in Your house; may they continue to praise You, Selah. Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus; Fortunate is the people for whom Adonoy is their God. A praise by David! I will exalt You, my God, the King, and bless Your Name forever and ever. Every day I will bless You and extol Your Name forever and ever. Adonoy is great and highly extolled, and His greatness is unfathomable. One generation to another will praise Your works and Your mighty acts they will declare. The splendor of Your glorious majesty, and the words of Your wonders I will speak. Of Your awesome might, they will speak, and Your greatness I will recount. Mention of Your bountifulness they will express, and in Your righteousness joyfully exult. Adonoy is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and great in kindliness. Adonoy is good to all, His mercy encompasses all His works. All Your works will thank You, Adonoy, and Your pious ones will bless You. Of the honor of Your kingship, they will speak and Your might they will declare. To reveal to men His mighty acts, and the glorious splendor of His kingship. Your kingship is the kingship for all times, and Your dominion is in every generation. Adonoy supports all the fallen, and straightens all the bent. The eyes of all look expectantly to You, and You give them their food at its proper time. You open Your hand and satisfy the desire of every living being. Adonoy is just in all His ways, and benevolent in all His deeds. Adonoy is near to all who call upon Him, to all who call upon Him in truth. The will of those who fear Him He fulfills; He hears their cry and delivers them. Adonoy watches over all those who love Him, and will destroy all the wicked. Praise of Adonoy, my mouth will declare, and all flesh will bless His holy Name forever and ever. And we will bless God from now on forever. Praise God.", "Psalm 20 is omitted on the following days: Rosh Chodesh, the day before Yom Kippur, Chanukah, both days of Purim, the day before Passover, the intermediate days of the Festivals (Chol HaMoed), and Tisha b'Av. It is also omitted when prayers are recited in the house of a mourner, the entire month of Nisssan, Pesach Sheni (14th of Iyar) Lag-b'omer, from Rosh Codesh Sivan through the twelfth of the month i.e., 5 days after Shavuoth, the Fifteenth of av, from Erev Yom Kippur until the end of Tishre, the Fifteenth of Shevat, when there is a circumcision in the Synagogue, or when a bride groom during the seven days of his wedding celebration is present.", "According to Rabbi S.R. Hirsch, this psalm is addressed to David by the people of Israel. It is a testimonial of trust that the people have in the Divinely-appointed king, who is accustomed to victory and triumph. At the same time, it proclaims the eternal truth that the victories which our king wins for our people are to be attributed not to his bravery, nor to his sword, nor to his soldiers, but solely to his relationship with God, His Sanctuary, and His Law.", "To Him Who grants victory, a Psalm of David May Adonoy answer you on the day of distress; May the Name of Jacob's1Jacob's entire life was filled with trials and distress, and he has thus become the symbol for his descendants throughout their periods of exile and distress.—Radak; S.R. Hirsch God fortify you. May He send your help from the Sanctuary,2May God help you because of your dedication to the Sanctuary. David's entire being was consecrated to God's Sanctuary.—S.R. Hirsch and support you from Zion. May He remember all your meal-offerings, and accept your burnt sacrifices3Rashi maintains that “offerings” and “sacrifices” refer to David's prayers rather than to his real-offerings., Selah. May He grant you what your heart desires, and fulfill all your plans. We will sing at Your deliverance, and in the Name of our God, raise our banners; May Adonoy fulfill all your wishes. Now I know that Adonoy has delivered His anointed one, He will answer him from His holy heavens with the mighty deliverance of His right hand. Some [rely] upon chariots and some upon horses, but as for us, upon the Name of Adonoy, our God, we call. They have bowed down and fallen, but we have risen and stand firm. Adonoy, deliver [us], the King will answer us on the day we call.", "This portion, known as Kedushas d'Sidra, was introduced at the conclusion of the morning service to accomodate those who came to the synagogue too late to hear the Kedushah in Shemoneh Esrei. The Talmud (Maseches Sotah 49a) declares that the world is preserved solely by virtue of this Kedushah, and by the virtue of our answering, \"May His great Name,\" which is part of the Kaddish recited following the study of the Aggadah. Because of its importance, a vernacular translation in Aramaic was added, so that even those ignorant of Hebrew would understand the sacred words.", "The Redeemer shall come to Zion and to those of Jacob who repent from sin, says Adonoy. As for Me, this is My covenant with them, said Adonoy: My spirit which is upon you, and My words which I have put in your mouth shall not depart from your mouth, nor from the mouth of your children, nor from the mouth of your children's children, said Adonoy— from now to eternity.", "(This next section is the actual Kedushah d'Sidra)
And You, Holy One, are enthroned upon the praises of Israel.4God waits to hear the praises of Israel before He listens to the praises of the angels.—Etz Yosef God waits until the very last congregation of Jews has completed its prayers and then accepts the prayers of all Israel at one time.—Avudraham And [the angels] call one to another and say: Holy, holy, holy is Adonoy of Hosts:5According to the Targum interpretation, the thrice “holy” in the Kedushah does not indicate three ascending degrees of sanctification. Instead, it implies a declaration that He Who is holy in the loftiest regions of His heavenly abode is holy not only there but also on earth, the creation of His Almighty power; and that He was not only holy in the past, but that He is holy even now and will be holy throughout all the ages.—S.R. Hirsch the fullness of all the earth is His glory.\"6Isaiah 6:3", "And they receive [sanction] one from another, and say, Holy in the highest heights of heaven, the abode of His Divine Presence; holy upon earth, the work of His mighty power; holy forever and to all eternity— is Adonoy of hosts; the whole earth is filled with the radiance of His glory.", "And a wind lifted me; and I heard behind me the sound of a great rushing; Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from His place.7Ezekiel 3:12. 8See note 00 on Page 00.", "And a wind lifted me and I heard behind me a sound of a great rushing of those who uttered praises and said, ‘Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from the place, the abode of His Divine Presence.", "Adonoy will reign forever and ever.9Exodus 15:18.", "Adonoy, His kingdom is established forever and to all eternity.", "Adonoy, God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, our fathers, keep this forever as the intention of the hearts of Your people, and direct their hearts to You.10I Chronicles 29:18. 11May our recitation of the Kedushah inspire our thoughts and direct our hearts to serve You.—Avudraham And He, the merciful One, atones iniquity and does not destroy; He frequently withdraws His anger and does not arouse all His rage.12Psalms 78:38. For You, my Master, are good and forgiving, and abounding in kindness to all who call upon You.13Psalms 86:5. Your righteousness is everlasting and Your Torah is truth.14Psalms 119:142. You will grant truth to Jacob, kindliness to Abraham,15The patriarchs symbolize the three pillars of the universe—Torah, avodah,— the Temple service and gemilas chasadim—kindliness. Jacob epitomized Torah, which is the ultimate truth; Isaac personified Divine service in his readiness to be offered as a sacrifice to God; and Abraham exemplified the ideal and practice of kindliness throughout his life. We thus pray to be granted a share in the Divine truth of Torah in Jacob's merit, and to receive God's kindliness in Abraham's merit. as You have sworn to our fathers from the days of old.16Micah 7:20. Blessed is my Master day by day; He loads us [with blessings],17Etz Yosef interprets the verse in this manner: “Blessed is Adonoy who loads us each day with His blessings and goodness.” the Almighty Who is our deliverance, forever.18Psalms 68:20. Adonoy of Hosts is with us a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob, Selah.19Psalms 46:8. Adonoy of Hosts, fortunate is the man who trusts in You.20Psalms 84:13. Adonoy, deliver [us]; the King will answer us on the day we call.21Psalms 20:10.", "Blessed is He, our God, Who created us for His glory,22This phrase is based on Isaiah 43:7, “Everything that is called by My Name, I have created it for My glory.” and set us apart from those who go astray;23This prayer is based on Joshua 24:2-3, “Your fathers dwelt on the other side of the river—and they served other gods. And I took your father Abraham from the other side of the river.” See Genesis 20:13 as interpreted by Onkelos. and gave us the Torah of truth, and eternal life He implanted within us. May He open our heart to His Torah, and instill in our heart love and awe of Him, to do His will and serve Him with a perfect heart, so that we shall not labor in vain nor bring forth that which causes dismay.24Some women are barren; they cannot bear children at all. Others have children who are unable to live. Similarly, there arc those who study Torah only to criticize and ridicule what they learn, while others learn sincerely but later rebel against its teachings. Those who study to ridicule are comparable to the barren women who are unable to give birth. But those who later rebel are like those who bear children and bury them. We pray to God to instill His love and fear in our hearts so that our learning will bear fruit and have a lasting influence on our lives.—Siddur HaGra", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, that we keep Your statutes in this world, and [thus] be privileged to live and behold, and to inherit the goodness and blessing of the Messianic days, and in the life of the World to Come. In order that my soul sing to You and not be stilled; Adonoy, my God, forever will I thank You.25Psalms 30:13. Blessed is the man who trusts in Adonoy,26God alone is the source of his trust; he relies on none other than God. One who puts his trust in God, while also relying upon a great many other factors, which he considers essential supports of his life and happiness, is not truly trusting in God.—S.R. Hirsch so that Adonoy is his security.27Jeremiah 17:7. Trust in Adonoy until the end of days, for in God, Adonoy, is the strength of the worlds.28Isaiah 26:4. And they will trust in You— those who know29These are men of the highest caliber who perceive God's ways with undistorted clarity. They discern God's hand guiding the world in its constant, miraculous operation and they know with certainty that all is directed by God.—Malbim your Name, for You have never forsaken those who seek You, Adonoy.30Psalms 9:11. Adonoy desired, for the sake of His righteousness, to make the Torah great and to glorify it.31Isaiah 42:21.", "(Adonoy, our Master, how mighty is Your Name over all the earth. Be strong and take courage, all who wait for Adonoy.)", "On Rosh Chodesh the Chazzan recites the half-Kaddish, the Tefillin are then removed and the congregation says the Musaf Amidah; and on Chol Hamoed the Chazzan recites the half-Kaddish, and the congregation says the Mussaf Amidah. On regular weekdays the Chazzan recites the following Kaddish:", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming if His Messiah in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be acceptance of the prayers and supplications of the entire House of Israel before their Father in heaven. And say, Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, and say, Amen.", "On Mondays, Thursdays and other days when the Torah is read, as the Sefer Torah is returned to the Ark the Chazzan takes the Torah and says:", "They will praise the Name of Adonoy for His Name alone is exalted.", "Chazzan and congregation:", "His majesty is over the earth and the skies. He will raise the might of His people, [which is] praise for all His pious ones, for the children of Israel, the people near to Him. Praise God.", "A psalm of David: the earth is Adonoy's and the fullness thereof,32See notes for this Psalm on page 000. the inhabited world and those who dwell in it. For He founded it upon the seas, and established it upon rivers. Who may ascend the mountain of Adonoy, and who may stand in the place of His holiness? The clean of hands and the pure of heart, who has not borne My soul in vain, and has not sworn deceitfully. He will bear Adonoy's blessing and righteousness from the God of his deliverance. This is the generation of those who seek Him, and seekers of Your Presence, [God of] Jacob, selah. Lift up your heads, gates, and be uplifted [you] entranceways to eternity, so that the King of Glory may enter. Who is this King of Glory? Adonoy, strong and mighty; Adonoy, the Mighty One in battle. Lift up your heads, gates, and lift, entranceways to eternity, so that the King of Glory may enter. Who is He, this King of Glory? Adonoy of hosts, He is the King of Glory, selah.33Psalms 24.", "As the Torah is returned to the Ark the following is said:", "And when it34The Ark. rested, he35Moses. would say: Return, Adonoy, to the myriads and thousands of Israel.36Numbers 10:36. Arise, Adonoy unto Your resting place, You and the Ark of Your strength. Let Your priests clothe themselves in righteousness, and let Your devoted ones sing in joy. For the sake of David, Your servant, do not reject Your anointed.37Psalms 132:8-10. For I have given you good instruction, do not forsake My Torah.38Proverbs 4:2. It is a tree of life to those who grasp it, and those who support it are fortunate.39Proverbs 3:18. Its ways are ways of pleasantness and all its paths are peace.40Proverbs 3:17. Cause us to return to you, Adonoy, and we shall return; renew our days as of old.41Lamentations 5:21." ], "Beit Yaakov": [ "On days in which Tachanun is not said, \"A prayer of David,\" is omitted, and we begin \"House of Jacob\". On days in which \"Almighty who is slow to anger,\" is not said, continue with the Psalm for the appropriate day.", "A prayer of David. Incline Your ear Adonay, and answer me, for poor and needy am I. Preserve my soul for I am devoted, deliver Your servant, my God, who trusts in You. Be gracious to me my Master, for to You I cry out all the day. Make glad the soul of Your servant, for, to You, my Master, I lift up my soul. For You, my Master, are good and forgiving, and abounding in kindness to all who call upon You. Give ear, Adonoy, to my prayer, and listen to the voice of my supplications. In the day of my distress I call out to You, for You will answer me. There is none like You among gods, my Master, and there is nothing like Your works. All nations which You have made will come and bow down before You, my Master, and they will give honor to Your Name. For You are great and do wondrous things, You alone God. Teach me, Adonoy, Your way that I may walk in Your truth; let me be of one heart to fear Your Name. I will thank You, my Master, my God, with all my heart, and I will glorify Your Name, forever. For Your kindness has been great toward me, and You have rescued my soul from the lowest depths of the grave. God, the insolent have risen up against me, and a company of violent men have sought my soul, and they have not set [the fear of] You before them. But You, my Master, are the Almighty Who is Merciful and Gracious, Slow to Anger and Full of Kindness and Truth. Turn to me and be gracious to me, give Your strength to Your servant, and deliver the son of Your handmaid. Give me a sign of Your kindness, that my enemies may see it and be ashamed, for You, Adonoy, have helped me and comforted me.", "House of Jacob, Come let us walk in the light of Adonoy. For all the nations walk in the name of its god, but we walk in the Name of Adonoy, our God, forever. May Adonoy, our God, be with us as He was with our fathers, may He not forsake us nor abandon us, that He may turn our hearts to Him, to walk in all His ways, to preserve His commandments, His statutes, and His precepts, which He commanded our fathers. May these words of mine [with] which I have prayed before Adonoy, be near to Adonoy, our God by day and night; that He provide the needs of his servant and the needs of His people Israel each day. In order that it become known to all the peoples of the earth that Adonoy is God— there is nothing else.", "A Song of Ascents of David. Had it not been for Adonoy Who was for us, let Israel now say. Had it not been for Adonoy Who was for us, when men rose up against us. They would have then swallowed us alive, when their wrath blazed against us. The waters would have then swept us away, affliction would have passed over our soul. Then over our soul would have gone the impetuous waters. Blessed is Adonoy, Who did not give us as prey to their teeth. Our soul escaped as a bird out of the fowler's snare; the snare is broken and we escaped. Our help is in the Name of Adonoy, Maker of heaven and earth." ], "Song of the Day": [ "The custom of reciting a different psalm each day of the week originated in the Temple. The Mishnah (Maseches Tamid 7:4) describes the psalms which were chanted by the Levites each day during the service.", "On Sunday:", "Today is the first day of the week, on which the Levites used to recite in the Holy Temple:", "A psalm of David: the earth is Adonoy's and the fullness thereof,1Rabbi Judah says in the name of Rabbi Akiva, “On the first day of the week, the Levites sang psalm 24, The earth is Adonoy's and the fullness thereof, because on that day God took possession of His newly created world for Himself, in order to give possession to mankind. Yet He remained the sole Master of the world.”—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a the inhabited world and those who dwell in it. For He founded it upon the seas, and established it upon rivers. Who may ascend the mountain2Ibn Ezra says that “mountain” refers to Mount Moriah, the location of the Temple. David composed this psalm on the day he purchased the Temple site from Aravna the Jebusite. of Adonoy, and who may stand in the place of His holiness? The clean of hands and the pure of heart, who has not borne My soul in vain, and has not sworn deceitfully.3He whose piety is genuine and who will not use the Name of God to deceive others.—S.R. Hirsch He will bear Adonoy's blessing4This person can expect that God will give him whatever will best serve his genuine welfare.—S.R. Hirsch and righteousness from the God of his deliverance. This is the generation of those who seek Him, the seekers of Your Presence, [God of] Jacob,5“Jacob” refers to all of Israel, the true descendants of the patriarch Jacob.—Radak Selah. Lift up your heads, gates, and be uplifted [you] entranceways to eternity, so that the King of Glory may enter. Who is this King of Glory? Adonoy, strong and mighty; Adonoy, the Mighty One in battle. Lift up your heads, gates, and lift, entranceways to eternity, so that the King of Glory may enter. Who is He, this King of Glory? Adonoy of hosts, He is the King of Glory, Selah.", "(Deliver us...; Mourner's Kaddish.)", "On Monday:", "Today is the second day of the week, on which the Levites used to recite in the Holy Temple:", "A song, a psalm by the sons of Korach.6On the second day, psalm 48, “Adonoy is great and highly extolled,” was sung by the Levites because on the second day of creation God separated the heavenly and earthly parts of the universe and ruled over both.—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a Adonoy is great and highly extolled in the city of our God, the mountain of His Sanctuary. Beautiful in its panoramic vista, the joy of all the earth is Mount Zion, on the northern extremities (of Jerusalem);7Jerusalem is the source of all the joy in the world. Joy radiates from Jerusalem to the rest of the world because it is the center of the universe, both in terms of geography and history. The Temple era is the midpoint of the generations—of the generations which preceded the Temple, and of those which followed its destruction. The generations before the Temple were uplifted and imbued with the hopes of its realization; the later generations are drawn to its light by recalling its radiant glory and by anticipating its rebuilding. We mention Jerusalem at every joyous occasion to emphasize that it is the true source of joy.—Sfas Emes
Tziyun is the Hebrew word for a monument, a memorial for someone who has died. When it is spelled “Tziyon, it refers to the site of God's Sanctuary, a timeless memorial for the preservation of truth in the midst of mankind. Even though the Temple has been destroyed, the mountain symbolically reminds man of the presence of the true God.—S.R. Hirsch
the city of the great King.8Some commentators say that the great king refers to David, rather than to God. God, in its palaces, has become known as a Stronghold. For behold, the kings assembled,9The kings had assembled to attack Jerusalem.—Rashi they passed by together. They saw and were astounded,10When the kings, who assembled to attack Jerusalem, witnessed the wondrous deeds which God performed in His victorious battle against their armies, they were astounded and terrified.—Radak they panicked and fled in haste. Trembling siezed them there, like the pangs of a woman in labor. With an east wind You smashed the ships of Tarshish. As we heard, so we saw in the city of Adonoy of hosts, in the city of our God; may God establish it for eternity, Selah. We hoped, God, for Your lovingkindness in the midst of Your Sanctuary. As Your Name, God, so is Your praise—11We testify that Your wondrous deeds match the praise and exalted names which the Prophets used to describe Your might.—Radak to the ends of the earth; Your right hand is full of righteousness. Let Mount Zion rejoice, let the daughters12Or cities of Judah. of Judah exult, because of Your judgments. Rally around Zion and encircle her, count her towers. Consider well her ramparts, raise high her citadels, that you may recount it to future generations. That this is God, our God forever and ever, He will lead us like children.13Hirsch and others translate, “He will lead us beyond death.” They divide almus into two words al mus. Our translation follows Rashi, who renders it as one word.", "(Deliver us...; Mourner's Kaddish.)", "On Tuesday:", "Today is the third day of the week, on which the Levites used to recite in the Holy Temple:", "A psalm of Assaf14Assaf was one of the ten composers who contributed to the Book of Psalms; he wrote eleven psalms (73-83). The leading Levite musician of his times, he was also endowed with the spirit of prophecy. God stands in the congregation of the Almighty,15The Talmud designates psalm 82 for the third day of the week because on the third day of Creation, God in His wisdom revealed the earth and established the world for His chosen “congregation.” This psalm is an allusion to Genesis 1:9 where we read, “God said, ‘Let the waters beneath the heavens be gathered (congregate) into one place, so that the dry land may appear’.”.—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a in the midst of the judges He gives judgement. How long will you judge lawlessly and show partiality to the wicked forever? Render justice to the lowly and the orphan, deal righteously with the poor and destitute. Rescue the lowly and the needy, save them from the hand of the wicked. They neither know nor understand,16“They” refers to the judges. they walk along in darkness, all the foundations of the earth are shaken.17Justice is one of the three pillars upon which the earth rests (Maseches Avos 1:18). Without justice there is no stability in the world. I had said \"You are godlike beings, all of you, sons of the Most High.\" Nevertheless, you shall die like men, and fall like one of the princes. Arise, God, judge the earth, for You will inherit all the nations.", "(Deliver us...; Mourner's Kaddish.)", "On Wednesday:", "Today is the fourth day of the week, on which the Levites used to recite in the Holy Temple:", "Almighty of vengeance, Adonoy,18Psalm 94, “Almighty of vengeance” was sung on the fourth day because God created the sun and the moon on the fourth day, and He will punish those who worship them.—Maseches Rosh Hashana Almighty of vengeance, reveal Yourself. Arise Judge of the earth, repay the arrogant their just reward. How long shall the wicked— Adonoy— how long shall the wicked exult? They express, they speak with arrogance; all the evildoers are boastful. Adonoy, they crush Your people and Your heritage they oppress. The widow and stranger they kill, and orphans they murder. And they say, \"God does not see, the God of Jacob is not concerned.\" Consider, [you] stupid [ones] among the people,— and you fools when will you become wise? He Who implanted the ear, does He not hear? He Who formed the eye, does He not see? He Who chastises nations, does He not reprove— He that teaches man knowledge? Adonoy knows the thoughts of men, that they are vanity. Fortunate is the man whom You chastise, God, and whom You instruct from Your Torah. To grant him tranquility from days of evil, until the pit is dug for the wicked. for Adonoy will not abandon His people and His inheritance, He will not forsake. For justice shall return unto righteousness, and all the upright in heart will follow it. Who will rise up for me against the wicked, who will stand up for me against the evildoers? Had Adonoy not been my help, in an instant my soul would have dwelt in the silent grave. If [Whenever] I said, my foot has slipped, Your kindliness, Adonoy upheld me. When (worrisome) thoughts multiply within me, Your consolations soothe my soul. Can a tribunal of evil have accord with You— [a tribunal] that makes iniquity into law? They gang up against the life of the righteous, and blood of the innocent they condemn. Adonoy has been my stronghold, my God the Rock of my refuge. He turns their violence against them, and with their own wickedness destroys them; Adonoy, my God, destroys them. Come let us sing to Adonoy; let us shout for joy to the Rock of our Deliverance.19This verse and the following two are from Psalms 95:1-3. Let us greet Him with thanksgiving; with song let us shout for joy to Him. for a great Almighty is Adonoy; a great King over all godlike beings.", "(Deliver us...; Mourner's Kaddish.)", "On Thursday:", "Today is the fifth day of the week, on which the Levites used to recite in the Holy Temple:", "To Him Who grants victory—20Psalm 81 was designated for the fifth day “Because God created the birds and fish on that day.” These creatures bring joy to the world and when people observe the vast variety of the bird and fish species, they are awed by God's creativity. They are thus inspired to sing joyously to God.—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a upon the Gittis,21Gittis was a musical instrument that was manufactured in the town of Gat. a psalm of Assaf: Sing joyously to God, our strength, shout for joy to the God of Jacob.22Meiri associates the word הריעו with תרועה, sounding the shofar. Thus the verse reads, “Sound the shofar to the God of Jacob.” Take up the hymn, sound the drum, the pleasant harp and the lute. Blow the shofar on the Rosh Chodesh, at the appointed time for our festive day.23The Talmud relates the word כסה with כסה, covering. All other festivals occur when the moon is clearly visible. Rosh Hashana occurs at the beginning of the month when the moon is barely visible.—Maseches Rosh Hashana 8a For it is a statute for Israel, a [day of] judgement of the God of Jacob.24S.R. Hirsch translates, “The God of Jacob sits in judgment.” As a testimony for Yehosef, He ordained it25Joseph feared God's Name and refused to give in to the wiles of Potiphar's wife. Because he sanctified God's Name, he merited that the letter hei from God's Name should be added to his name, making it Yehosef, יהוסף.—Maseches Sotah 10b. when he went out over the land of Egypt, [where] an unfamiliar language I heard. From the burden, I removed his shoulder, his hands were removed from the cauldron.26Rashi says that this refers to the cooking and menial kitchen tasks which the Jewish slaves were forced to do in Egypt. In distress you called out, and I released you, I answered you [though you called] in secret [I answered you] thunderously; I tested you at the waters of Merivah. Selah. Hear, My people, I will testify about you, Israel, if you would just listen to Me. Let no strange god be within you, nor bow before a foreign god. I am Adonoy, your God, Who brought you up from the land of Egypt, open your mouth wide, and I will fill it.27“Open your mouth wide” and state all your desires. But My people did not heed My voice, and Israel did not want Me. So I sent them to follow their heart's desires, let them follow their own devices. If only My people would heed Me, if Israel would walk in My ways. I would immediately subdue their enemies, and turn My hand against their tormentors. Those who cause hate of Adonoy deceive [pretend obedience to] Him, but their time (of punishment) will be forever. But He would feed him (Israel) from the cream of the wheat, and from the rock, I would sate you with honey.", "(Deliver us...; Mourner's Kaddish.)", "On Friday:", "Today is the sixth day of the week, on which the Levites used to recite in the Holy Temple:", "Adonoy has begun His reign,28On the sixth day, the Levites sang Psalm 93, “Adonoy has begun his reign, with majesty He has clothed Himself,” because He completed the work of creation and reigned over all His creatures.—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a with majesty He has clothed Himself; Adonoy clothed Himself, with strength He has girded Himself; He has firmly established the world, so that it cannot be moved. Your throne stands firm from of old, You are from eternity. The rivers have raised—Adonoy— the rivers have raised their voice, the rivers raise their raging waves. More than the roar of many waters, mightier than the breakers of the sea, mighty on high are You \"Adonoy.\" Your testimonies are extremely faithful; holiness is becoming to Your House, Adonoy,—for the length of days.", "Deliver us, God of our deliverance; gather us and save us from the nations to give thanks to Your holy Name, to be extolled in Your praise. Blessed is Adonoy, the God of Israel for all eternity, and all the people said: \"Amen\" Praise God. Blessed is Adonoy from Zion, Who dwells in Jerusalem. Praise God. Blessed is Adonoy, God, God of Israel Who alone performs wonders. And blessed is the Name of His glory forever, and may His glory fill the whole earth. Amen and Amen!" ], "Barchi Nafshi": [ "The following psalm (104) is recited in many synagogues on Rosh Chodesh days, following the daily psalm.", "My soul, bless Adonoy; Adonoy, my God, You are greatly exalted; with beauty and splendor are You clothed. Enwrapped in light, garment-like, He spreads out the heavens like a curtain. He Who covers His upper chambers with water,1This refers to the “waters that are above the skies” (Genesis 1:6-7; Psalms 148:14).—Metsudas Dovid He Who makes clouds His chariot, He Who walks upon wings of wind. He Who makes winds His messengers, flaming fires His servants. He Who established the earth upon its foundations, [so] that it shall never be moved.", "The deep, He covered as with a garment;2God covers the depths of the seas in order to prevent them from overflowing and destroying the world.—Metsudas Dovid the waters remain on mountains.3Even though the nature of water is to flow downward, God nevertheless ordered that there be water on the highest mountains.—Metsudas Dovid At Your shout they retreated, at Your thunderous voice they hastened away.4This sentence describes God's command, “Let the waters under the heavens be gathered together unto one place” (Genesis 1:9).—Metsudas Dovid They go up mountains, down into valleys, to the specific place You founded for them. You set a boundary5The sand is the boundary; the water may not cross it to flood the earth.—Rashi [which] they may not cross, lest they return to cover the earth.", "He Who sends springs into streams to flow between the mountains; to water all the beasts of the fields; the wild ones quench their thirst. Over them dwell the birds of the sky, from among the branches, they give voice. [You] Who waters the mountains from His upper chambers,6See footnote 00. from the fruit of Your works7“The fruit of Your works” refers to the rain which satisfies the needs of the earth.—Metsudas Dovid the earth is sated.", "[You] Who causes grass to sprout for cattle, and vegetation for the labor of man, to bring forth bread from the earth; wine to cheer the heart of man, to make [his] face shine from oil, and bread to sustain the heart of man. Adonoy's trees are sated,8The trees are satisfied with the rain. the cedars of Lebanon that He planted; where birds make their nests, the stork—the firs are her home. The high mountains [are] for the wild goats, the rocks a refuge for the rabbits.", "He made the moon to fix seasons the sun knows its place to set. You make darkness and night comes, in which move about all the beasts of the forest. —The young lions roar for prey, and seek their food from the Almighty. [When] the sun rises, they gather and come into their dens to lie. Man goes out to his work, to his labor until evening.", "How many are Your works, Adonoy! You made them all with wisdom; the earth is full of Your possessions! This sea, great and wide— therein are innumerable creeping things, animals small and great. There ships travel; this Leviathan9According to tradition, God created the Leviathan with a mate but slew her in order that they not reproduce. Because of their tremendous size, they would have brought much destruction to the world (See Rashi in Genesis 1:21).—Rashi You formed to frolic with. They all look to You expectantly, to provide their food in its time. [When] You give it to them, they gather it in; [when] You open Your hand, they are sated with goodness. Whey You hide Your face,10When God withdraws His sustaining power from any creature or being, it perishes. they are panic-stricken; When You gather in their breath, they perish, and to their dust they return. When You send Your spirit,11This refers to the era when God will restore life to the dead.—Rashi they will be created [anew]; and You will renew the face of the earth.", "The glory of Adonoy will endure forever, Adonoy will rejoice in His works— Who gazes upon the earth and it trembles; Who touches the mountains and they erupt. I will sing to Adonoy with my life; I will offer hymns to my God as long as I am alive. May my words be pleasant to Him; I will rejoice in Adonoy.12When God accepts my prayer, I will rejoice in His deliverance.—Metsudas Dovici Sin will be excised from the earth, and the wicked will be no more; My soul bless Adonoy, Praise God.", "(Deliver us...; Mourner's Kaddish.)" ], "L'David Hashem": [ "The following psalm (27) is recited at the conclusion of services, morning and evenings, from the first day of Elul, through Shemini Atzeres. Others say only until Hoasha'na Rabbah. The psalm voices our prayer that God will be our light on Rosh Hashana enabling us to repel the darkness of sin through true repentance, and that He will be our salvation on Yom Kippur, through His compassionate atonement of our sins.", "By David: Adonoy is my light and my salvation, whom shall I fear? Adonoy is the strength1Rav S.R. Hirsch translates, “Adonoy is the source of my life's strength,” thus David declares that God is the fount from which his life derives its power to resist all foes. of my life, of whom shall I be afraid? When evildoers approach me to devour my flesh— my tormentors and my foes they stumble and fall. If an army should encamp against me, my heart would not fear; if war were to rise against me, in this2David says that he trusts in the declaration stated in the opening verse, “Adonoy is my light and my salvation; whom shall I fear?—Rashi, Radak I trust. One thing I request of Adonoy, [only] that shall I seek, that I may dwell3The literal translation of שבתי is “my sitting.” The Talmud states that “no man may ‘sit’ in the courtyard of the Temple except for the kings of the House of David.”—Maseches Sotah 40b in the House of Adonoy all the days of my life, to behold the pleasantness of Adonoy, and to meditate in His Sanctuary. For He will hide me in His Tabernacle4The Vilna Gaon comments that all the commandments pertaining to Succos are implied in this verse and the next. on the day of distress, He will conceal me in the shelter of His Tent, upon a rock He will lift me. And now my head is raised high above my enemies around me;5David declares, “Because I look up to God in every aspect of my existence, I am so exalted that no enemy can harm me.—S.R. Hirsch and I will offer in His Tent, sacrifices accompanied by trumpets of joy; I will sing and chant to Adonoy. Adonoy, hear my voice6This verse alludes to Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur. “Hear my voice,” refers to Rosh Hashana when we sound the shofar. The word “my voice (sound)” refers to the “voice” of the shofar. “When I call” refers to Yom Kippur, about which Isaiah (55:6) said, “call to Him when He is near.”—Siddur HaGra when I call; be gracious to me and answer me. Of You, my heart has said, Seek My Presence; Your Presence, Adonoy I will seek. Conceal not Your Presence from me, do not turn away Your servant in anger. You have been my help; neither cast me off nor abandon me, God of my deliverance. When my father and mother abandon7Even if I were so depraved that my own mother and father would abandon me to my own devices, God would still gather me up and believe in my ability to mend my ways.—S.R. Hirsch me, Adonoy will gather me up. Adonoy, teach me Your way, and lead me in the path of uprightness, because of my watchers.8I.e., his enemies. David asks for Divine help that he be saved even from the mere semblance of wrongdoing so that his foes should not be able to rejoice over his faults.—S.R. Hirsch Do not deliver me to the will of my tormentors, for false witnesses have risen against me, who breathe violence. Had I not believed9“These false witnesses would have destroyed me had I not believed that I would see the goodness of God in the land of the living.”—Rashi, Radak that I would see the goodness of Adonoy in the land of living.10There are various interpretations of the “Land of the living.” Some hold that it refers to the present world in which we live—Metsudas Tzion; Ramban holds that it refers to the World-to-Come; and Malbim says that it refers to Eretz Yisroel. Hope to Adonoy, be strong and He will give you courage; and hope to Adonoy.", "(Mourner's Kaddish.)", "It is customary to recite this psalm (49) in the house of a mourner during the week of mourning, following the morning and evening services. On weekdays when Tachanun is not said Psalm 16 (page 218) is substituted. This psalm, the final hymn of the psalms set down by the sons of Korach has significance for all mankind. Its message is that man must utilize all his material and physical resources to enhance his spiritual existence so that when his soul survives the body's brief stay on earth it can ascend to immortality. If man fails to recognize his purpose in life and instead regards the acquisition of material wealth the primary aim of life, he forfeits his hope of immortality, and his existence will not continue beyond the grave.—S.R. Hirsch", "To Him Who grants victory, a psalm by the sons of Korach. Hear this all peoples, listen all inhabitants of the decaying world! Sons of Adam and sons of men,1Others translate b'nei adam, “Men of low degree” or “Men without pedigree,” and b'nei ish, “Men of high degree” who can trace their ancestry to men of distinction. rich and poor together. My mouth shall speak wisdom, and the meditation of my heart shall be of understanding. I will incline my ear to a parable, I will begin to solve, to the accompaniment of a harp, my riddle. Why should I fear in the days of evil? The iniquity I trod upon2These are the sins which a person considers trivial and commits out of carelessness, just as one who walks is not concerned if he steps on something small or insignificant.—S.R. Hirsch surrounds me. Those who trust in their wealth and take pride in their great riches.3Those who trust in their wealth and glory in their great riches should be in fear. A man will not redeem his brother neither can he give to God his ransom.4S.R. Hirsch translates, “And thus does not give to God his ransom.” They fail to use their riches to free their fellow men from want and care, and so neglect to pay God the ransom due Him for their own souls. Radak says even if he wanted to ransom his soul from God, he could not, for God does not accept bribes. The redemption of their soul is too costly and it shall cease5Because they neglected their duty, their soul shall cease to be. They have done nothing to insure the perpetuation of their souls.—S.R. Hirsch to be forever. Shall he then live forever, shall he never see the grave? For he sees that wise men die, the fools and senseless perish equally6When the wise die, only their bodies pass away; but their souls live on. The foolish and senseless sinners perish completely, leaving no trace of body or soul.—Rashi, Radak and leave their wealth to others. Their inner7Some translate the word kirbom as “their graves,” by transposing the letters to kivrom. Because they have no merits, the wicked will not arise at the time of resurrection and therefore, “Their graves are their houses forever” (Ibn Ezra). thoughts are that their houses [will last] forever, their homes for generation after generation; (for) they have proclaimed8They spread their names far and wide by erecting monuments and edifices and naming them after themselves. In this manner, they seek to fulfill their yearning for immortality.—S.R. Hirsch their names throughout the lands. But man does not endure in his splendor, he is likened to the silenced animals. This is their way— their folly remains with them, and [yet] their descendants take pleasure in their speech, Selah. Like sheep—they are destined for the grave; death shall be their shepherd, and the upright shall dominate them at morning, their form will be consumed in the grave; [it will not remain] their dwelling-place. But God will redeem my soul from the [grasp of] the grave, for He will take me [to Himself] Selah. Fear not when a man grows rich, when the glory of his house is increased. For when he dies, he shall carry nothing away, his glory will not descend after him. Because while he lived, he blessed his soul. (saying): they will praise you because you have done well for yourself. He will join the generation of his fathers, they shall not see light, for all eternity. Man with [all] his splendor, [but] without understanding9Man created in the image of God possesses glorious potential, and his soul is filled with Divine splendor, but when he fails to appreciate and utilize his potential, he is likened to the dead animals.—Radak is likened to the silenced animals.", "(Mourner's Kaddish.)", "On weekdays when Tachanun is not said, the following is said in the house of a mourner.", " A Michtam10According to Rashi, a michtam was a very special musical arrangement composed for this psalm. of David. Preserve me, Almighty, for I have taken refuge in You. You said to Adonoy, You are my Master, I have no well-being without You.11You are not obliged to reward me for obeying Your command since You are my Master. And as Your servant, I must heed Your every wish.—Rashi Due to the holy that are in the earth,12Any good You do on my behalf is only through the merit of those holy and pious men of the past who are now buried in the earth.—Rashi and the mighty, are all my desires [fulfilled]. Let their sufferings multiply, those who follow another [sovereignty]; I will not pour their libations of blood, nor carry their names upon my lips. Adonoy is the portion of my inheritance and of my cup; You guide my fate. The portions that have fallen to me are in pleasant places; a beautiful inheritance is mine. I will bless Adonoy Who has given me counsel; even for the nights in which my mind admonished me. I have set Adonoy before me always;13Rabbi Hana Ben Bizra said in the name of Rabbi Shimon the Pious, “He who prays should regard himself as though the Shechina, the Divine Presence, were before him, as it is written, ‘I have set Adonoy before me always’.”—Maseches Sanhedrin 22a for surely He is at my right hand, I will not be moved. Therefore my heart rejoiced and my soul exulted; also my flesh will dwell in safety. For You will not abandon my soul to the grave, nor will You allow Your devoted one to see the pit. You will make known to me the path of life; fullness of joy is in Your presence; pleasantness is at Your right hand, evermore.", "Mourner's Kaddish Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming if His Messiah in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, and say, Amen." ], "Kaveh": [ "Hope to Adonoy; be strong and He will give you courage and hope to Adonoy. There is none holy like Adonoy for there is none beside You and thee is no stronghold like our God. For who is a god other than Adonoy and who is a stronghold beside our God.", "There is none like our God. There is none like our Master. There is none like our King. There is none like our Deliverer. Who is like our God? Who is like our Master? Who is like our King? Who is like our Deliverer? Let us thank our God. Let us thank our Master. Let us thank our King. Let us thank our deliverer. Blessed is our God. Blesed is our Master. Blessed is our King. Blessed is our Deliverer. You are our God. You are our Master. You are our King. You are our Deliverer. You will deliver us You will arise and have mercy on Zion, for it is time to be gracious to her, for the appointed time has come", "you are He, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers before whom our fathers burned the incenese offering. The composition of the incense consisted of balm, onycha, galbanum, and frankincense— by weight, seventy maneh of each; myrrh, cassia, spikenard and saffron by weight— sixteen maneh of each; twelve maneh of costus, three maneh of aromatic bark, and nine maneh of cinnamon. [Also used in compounding the incense were:] Nine kabin of Carshina lye, Cyprus wine [measuring] three s'in and three kabin— if he had no Cyprus wine, he could used strong white wine— a fourth of a kab of Sodom salt, and a minute quantity of maaleh ashan. Rabbi Nosson of Babylonia says, Add a minute quantity of Jordan amber. If one added honey, the incense became unfit; and if one omitted any of its spices he was liable to the death penalty.", "Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel says: The balm is nothing but sap which drips from the balsam tree. the lye of Carshina was used for rubbing the onycha in order to refine its appearance. The Cyprus wine was used to soak the onycha to give it a pungent odor. Though the water of Raglayim1010 This water came from a well named Raglayim.—Kol Bo was well suited for that purpose, they did not bring the water of Raglayim into the Temple because it would be disrespectful.11Since Mei Raglayim (lit., water from the feet) is a euphemism for urine, it would have been disrespectful to use this water in the Temple. Others hold that the term “waters of Raglayim” actually refers to urine, which could have been used as a soaking agent were it not indecent to bring it into a sacred place.—Kol Bo", "It was taught in a Boraysa: Rabbi Nosson says, While [the Kohein] ground [the incense] he would say, ‘Hodeik heiteiv, heiteiv hodeik,' because the sound12Some suggest that the sound of these specific words affects the spices. is good for the spices. If half13184 manim instead of 368. the quantity of incense was prepared it was acceptable, but if only a third or a fourth [of it was prepared] we have not heard14I.e., we did not hear our teachers expound this question. [whether it was acceptable.\"] Rabbi Yehuda said, This is the general rule: If [it was prepared with all its ingredients] in the correct proportion, it is acceptable even if only half was prepared; but if he left out any of its spices, he was liable for the death penalty.", "It was taught in a Boraysa: Bar Kappara says, Once in sixty or seventy years15The exact number of years varied with the size of the hands of the High Priests over the years, for the surplus was what remained of these three manim from which he took two handfuls each Yom Kippur. the accumulated surplus was sufficient to provide half [the yearly quantity of incense.\"] Bar Kappara also taught, If he would have put into it a minute quantity of honey, no one could have withstood [resisted] the scent. Why was no honey mixed with it? Because the Torah says, (Leviticus 2:11) For any leaven or honey, do not burn from them, [as] a fire-offering to Adonoy.", "Recite each of these verses three times:", "Adonoy of Hosts is with us, a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob, Selah! Adonoy of Hosts, fortunate is the man who trusts in You. Adonoy, deliver [us]! The King will answer us on the day we call.", "You are my shelter; from distress You preserve me; with glad song of rescue, You envelop me, Selah! Let Adonoy be pleased with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem, as in the days of old and in earlier years.", "It was taught in the school of Elijah; Whoever studies halachos every day, he is assured of life in the World-to-Come, for it is said, The ways (halichos) of the world are His.\" Do not read halichos, but halachos:", "Rabbi Eliezer said on behalf of Rabbi Chanina: the disciples of the wise increase peace in the world, for it is said: ‘and all your children will be disciples of Adonoy's [Torah]; and great will be the peace of your children.' Do not read banayich [your children] but read bonayich [your builders]. Great is the peace of those who love Your Torah, and they will have no stumbling block [misfortune]. Let there be peace within your moats, serenity within your palaces. For the sake of my brethren and companions, I will say: ‘peace be with you.' For the sake of the House of Adonoy, our God, I will seek [pray for] your good.", "Mourners say the following Kaddish d'Rabanan", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "Upon Israel, and upon our Sages, and upon their disciples, and upon all the disciples of their disciples, and upon all those who engage in Torah study in this land and in every land. May there be unto them and unto you abundant peace, favor, kindness, compassion, long life, ample sustenance and redemption from their Father Who is in heaven and on earth, —and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and a good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, in His mercy, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein." ], "Aleinu": [ "Kol Bo writes that Joshua authored this prayer when he captured Jericho. Taken from the Musaf service of Rosh Hashana, it serves as the closing prayer of all the daily services. As ruled by Tur (Orach Chaim 133), it is said while standing.", "It is our obligation to praise the Master of all, to ascribe greatness to the Creator of the [world in the] beginning: that He has not made us like the nations of the lands, and has not positioned us like the families of the earth; that He has not assigned our portion like theirs, nor our lot like that of all their multitudes. For they prostrate themselves to vanity and nothingness, and pray to a god that cannot deliver. But we bow, prostrate ourselves, and offer thanks before the Supreme King of Kings, the Holy One blessed is He, Who spreads the heavens, and establishes the earth, and the seat of His glory is in heaven above, and the abode of His invincible might is in the loftiest heights. He is our God, there is nothing else. Our King is true, all else is insignificant, as it is written in His Torah: And You shall know this day and take into Your heart that Adonoy is God in the heavens above and upon the earth below; there is nothing else.1Deuteronomy 4:39.", "We therefore put our hope in You, Adonoy our God, to soon behold the glory of Your might in banishing idolatry from the earth, and the false gods will be utterly exterminated to perfect the world as the kingdom of Shadai.2See page 00, note 00. And all mankind will invoke Your Name, to turn back to You, all the wicked of the earth. They will realize and know, all the inhabitants of the world, that to You, every knee must bend, every tongue must swear [allegiance to You]. Before You, Adonoy, our God, they will bow and prostrate themselves, and to the glory of Your Name give honor. And they will all accept [upon themselves] the yoke of Your kingdom, and You will reign over them, soon, forever and ever. For the kingdom is Yours, and to all eternity You will reign in glory, as it is written in Your Torah: Adonoy will reign forever and ever.3Exodus 15:18. And it is said: And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.4Zecharyah 14:9.", "Do not fear sudden terror nor the destruction of the wicked when it comes take counsel together but it will be foiled speak the word and it will not stand for God is with us. To Your old age I am [with You], to Your older years I will sustain You, I have made You, and I will carry You, I will sustain You and save You.", "Although the Kaddish contains no reference to the dead, it has been recited by mourners for many centuries. The tradition of the mourner's Kaddish began with the following incident: Once, while walking, Rabbi Akiva met a man who had died some time before and was suffering the torments of Purgatory. He pleaded with Rabbi Akiva to go to his home town and teach his son to recite the Kaddish and Borechu, for this would save him from the terrible punishments. Rabbi Akiva and his Court then instituted the practice of mourners reciting the Kaddish, for until then it had been limited to the Chazzan's reciting it only after the services or after a sermon (See Tana D'vei Eliyahu Zuta, 17: Zohar Parshas Noach).", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming if His Messiah in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein. May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, and say, Amen." ] }, "Additional Prayers ": { "Six Rememberances": [ "According to some authorities it is a mitzvah to recite these six verses of remembrance every day. Those who do so are assured of a share in the World-to-Come.", "The Exodus", "...in order that you remember the day you came out of the land of Egypt all the days of your life.1Deuteronomy 16:3.", "The Revelation at Mount Sinai", "Only beware, and guard you soul diligently, lest you forget the things which your eyes have seen; lest they be removed from your heart all the days of your life; and make them known to your children and to your children's children. [That what you witnessed] the day you stood before Adonoy your God at Chorev.2Deuteronomy 4:9-10.", "The Attack of Amalek", "Remember what Amalek did to you on the way, as you came out of Egypt! How he encountered you on the way, and he cut off all the weak ones [who were straggling] behind you, when you were weary and exhausted; and he did not fear God.3Other commentators say that these words refer to the Jewish people, who did not fear God. When Adonoy, Your God, will relieve you from all your enemies around you, in the land which Adonoy, your God, gives you as a possession to inherit; you shall eradicate the memory of Amalek from beneath the heavens. Do not forget.4Deuteronomy 25:17-19.", "The Sin of the Golden Calf", "Remember, do not forget, how you provoked Adonoy, Your God, in the desert.5Deuteronomy 9:7.", "What Happened to Miriam", "Remember what Adonoy, your God, did to Miriam on the way, when you came out of Egypt.6Deuteronomy 24:9.", "The Sabbath", "Remember the Sabbath day to sanctify it.7Exodus 20:8." ], "Thirteen Principles": [ "Many great medieval scholars formulated articles of faith, among them Rav Saadya Gaon, Rav Yehuda Halevi, Rabbeinu Bachya. Maimonides, the foremost of them all, formulated thirteen principles that have attained wide recognition and enduring fame.1In a fascinating work, Rosh Amana, Don Isaac Abarbanel enumerates all the attacks on each and all of Maimonides’ principles, adding his own incisive questions to those of his predecessors, and then proceeds to vindicate Maimonides’ principles, and their precise formulation. The thirteen principles fall into three groups: The first five declare the existence of God as the Creator, One, incorporeal, eternal and alone worthy of man's worship. The next four deal with the Divine revelation of the Torah, the authenticity of prophecy, particularly that of Moses, and the immutability of the Torah. The last four deal with God in history, reward and punishment, belief in the coming of Messiah, and the resurrection of the dead.", "1. I believe with complete faith that the Creator, blessed is His Name, is the Creator and Guide of all created things, and He alone has made, does make, and will make all things.", "2. I believe with complete faith that the Creator, blessed is His Name, is unique, and there is no uniqueness like His in any manner; and that He alone is our God, Who was, is, and will ever be.", "3. I believe with complete faith that the Creator, blessed is His Name, is not corporeal, and that He is beyond all corporeal concepts, and there is nothing at all comparable to Him.", "4. I believe with complete faith that the Creator, blessed is His Name, is First and Last.", "5. I believe with complete faith that the Creator, blessed is His Name, is the only One to Whom it is proper to pray, and to no being beside Him is it proper to pray.", "6. I believe with complete faith that all the words of the prophets are true.", "7. I believe with complete faith that the prophecy of our teacher, Moses, may he rest in peace, was true, and that he was the father of all prophets, —of those who preceded him, and of those who followed him.", "8. I believe with complete faith that the entire Torah which is now in our possession, is the very one that was given to our teacher Moses, may he rest in peace.", "9. I believe with complete faith that this Torah will not be exchanged, and that no additional Torah [will be given] by the Creator, blessed is His Name.", "10. I believe with complete faith that the Creator, blessed is His Name, knows all the deeds of men and all their thoughts, as it is said,2Psalms 33:15. He Who forms all their hearts as one, Who comprehends all their deeds.", "11. I believe with complete faith that the Creator, blessed is His Name, rewards those who keep His commandments, and punishes those who transgress His commandments.", "12. I believe with complete faith in the coming of the Messiah and even though he may tarry, nevertheless, I yearn every day for his coming.", "13. I believe with complete faith that there will be a resurrection of the dead at a time that pleases the Creator, blessed is His Name, and His Name will be exalted forever and to all eternity." ], "Chapter of Fear of God": [ "Deuteronomy 10:12-11:9
And now Israel, what does Adonoy, your God, require of you, but to fear Adonoy, your God, to walk in all His ways, and to love Him and to serve Adonoy, your God, with all your heart and with all your soul. To keep the commandments of Adonoy and His decrees, which I command you this day. Behold, the heaven and the highest of heavens belong to Adonoy, your God, the earth and all that is in it. Yet only in your fathers did Adonoy delight, to love them, and He chose their offspring after them, even you among all the peoples as [it is] this day. Circumcise the barrier of your heart, and be stiffnecked no longer. For Adonoy, your God, is God of all powers and the Master of all masters, the Almighty, the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome, Who has no regard for personages and takes no bribes. Who does justice for the orphan and the widow, and loves the stranger, giving him food and clothing. You must love the stranger for you were strangers in the land of Egypt. You must fear Adonoy, your God, serve Him, cleave to Him, and swear by His Name. He is your praise, and He is your God, Who did with you all these great and awesome things that your eyes have seen. With seventy people your fathers descended to Egypt, and now Adonoy, your God, has made you as abundant as the stars of heaven. [Therefore] you shall love Adonoy, your God, and keep His trust, His decrees, His statutes, and His commandments all the days. And you should know this day, that it is not with your children who have not known and who did not experience the chastisement of Adonoy, your God, His mighty hand, and His outstretched arm. His signs and His deeds that He performed in the midst of Egypt, to Pharaoh, the king of Egypt, and to all his land. And what He did to the army of Egypt, to their horses, and to their chariots; how He made the water of the Sea of Reeds drown them as they pursued you, and Adonoy destroyed them to this very day. And what He did for you in the wilderness, until you came into this place. And what He did unto Dathan and Aviram, the sons of Eliav, son of Reuben, when the earth opened her mouth, and swallowed them, and their households, their tents and all the substance that was in their possession in the midst of all Israel. But your eyes have seen all the great deeds of Adonoy, that He performed. You should [therefore] keep all the commandments which I command you this day, so you will be strong, and go in and possess the land, to which you are passing over to possess it. And in order to prolong your days upon the land Adonoy swore to your fathers to give to them and to their offspring; a land flowing with milk and honey.", "The following prayer is omitted on Shabbos and Yom Tov", "May it be Your will Adonoy, my God, and the God of my fathers, to implant Your love and fear of You in my heart and in the heart of all Israel, Your people, to fear Your Great, Mighty and Awesome Name with all our heart and with all our soul, for You are great and Your Name is awesome. Amein. Selah." ], "Chapter of Repentance": [ "Deuteronomy 30:1-11
And it will come to pass when all these things come upon you, the blessing and the curse which I have set before you, that you will take it to heart in the midst of all the nations to which Adonoy, your God, has driven you. Then you will return unto Adonoy, your God, and obey His voice according to everything that I command you this day, you and your children, with all your heart and with all your soul. And then Adonoy, your God, will return your captivity and have compassion upon you; and He will return and gather you from among all the peoples where Adonoy, your God, has scattered you. Even if your scattered ones will be dispersed unto the outermost parts of heaven, from there Adonoy, your God, will gather you, and from there, He will take you. And Adonoy, your God, will bring you into the land which your forefathers possessed, and you will possess it; and He will do good to you and increase you even more than your fathers. Adonoy, your God, will circumcise your heart, and the hearts of your descendants, to love Adonoy, your God, with all your heart and with all your soul, that you may live. Then Adonoy, your God, will set all these curses upon your enemies, and upon those who hate you, who have pursued you. But you will repent and listen to the voice of Adonoy, and perform all His commandments that I command you this day. And Adonoy, your God, will cause you to prosper in all your activities, in the fruit of your womb, in the fruit of your cattle, and the fruit of your soil, for good; for Adonoy will rejoice over you for goodness as He rejoiced over your fathers. For you will then obey the voice of Adonoy, your God, to observe His commandments and His decrees that are written in this Seifer Torah; for you will then return to Adonoy, your God, with all your heart and with all your soul.", "(The following prayer is not recited on Shabbos and Yom Tov.)", "May it be Your will Adonoy, my God, and the God of my fathers, to construct a passage beneath Your Throne of Glory in order to bring back in perfect repentance all the transgressors of Your people, the House of Israel. And among them, bring me back unto You in perfect repentance, for Your right hand is outstretched to receive those who repent, for You desire repentance. Amein. Selah." ], "Chapter of Manna": [ "According to the Jerusalem Talmud, one who recites this Torah chapter every day is assured that he will never lack for food. The prayer preceding the Torah chapter should not be recited on Shabbos or Yom Tov.", "May it be Your will Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, to grant livelihood for all Your people, the House of Israel, and may my livelihood and the livelihood of my household be included among them. May it be granted to us with tranquility and not with suffering, with honor and not with disgrace, legally and not illegally, so that we will be able to serve You and study Your Torah. Grant it to us now as You sustained our ancestors in the wilderness, in a desolate and arid land.", "Exodus 16:4-36
And Adonoy said to Moses, \"See, I will make bread rain down from heaven for you; and the people will go out and gather it for each day['s needs], so that I may test them to see if they will live according to My Torah or not. On the sixth day, they shall prepare what they bring [home], and it will be twice as much as they gather every day.\" Then Moses and Aaron said to all the Children of Israel, \"When evening comes you will know that it was Adonoy Who brought you out of Egypt. And in the morning you will see the glory of Adonoy, since He has heard your complaints against Adonoy. But we—what are we that you should complain against us?\"", "And Moses said, \"When Adonoy gives us meat to eat in the evening and a satisfying meal of bread in the morning, Adonoy will have heard your complaints, which you are addressing to Him. What are we? Your complaints are not against us, but against Adonoy.\" Then Moses said to Aaron, \"Tell the entire community of the Children of Israel, ‘Come near before Adonoy, for He has heard your complaints.'\" When Adonoy spoke to the entire community of the Children of Israel, they turned toward the wilderness, and behold, the glory of Adonoy appeared in the cloud.", "Adonoy spoke to Moses saying, \"I have heard the complaints of the Children of Israel; speak to them, saying, ‘In the afternoon you will eat meat, and in the morning you will have your fill of bread; and you will know that I am Adonoy, your God.'\" And it was in the evening that flocks of quail rose and covered the encampment; and in the morning there was a layer of dew around the encampment.", "The layer of dew evaporated, and behold on the surface of the wilderness were thin flakes, as fine as frost on the ground. The Children of Israel saw it and said to one another, \"What is this?\" For they did not know what it was. Moses said to them, \"This is the bread that Adonoy is giving you to eat.\" \"This is what Adonoy has commanded: Every man shall take as much as he needs for food, an omer per person; according to the number of your souls let each man take for the individuals in his tent.\" The Children of Israel did so; they gathered it, some more, some less. But when then they measured it with an omer, the one who took more did not have extra, and the one who took less was not lacking. Each one had gathered according to his required nourishment. Moses said to them, \"Let no one leave any of it over until morning.\" But some did not listen to Moses and left part of it over until the morning. It turned wormy and became putrid; and Moses was angry at them; they gathered it each morning, every man according to what he needed. The sun then became hot and it melted.", "On the sixth day [of the week] they gathered a double portion of food, two omers for each person. All the leaders of the community came and reported it to Moses. He said to them, \"This is what Adonoy has [already] spoken: tomorrow is a day of rest, Adonoy's holy Shabbos. Bake what you want to bake, and cook what you want to cook and whatever is left over, put away carefully until morning. They put it away until morning as Moses commanded, and it did not become putrid, and there were no worms in it. Then Moses said, \"Eat it today, for today is Adonoy's Shabbos. Today you will not find [manna] in the field. Six days you shall gather it, but the seventh day is Shabbos; there will be no [manna] on that day.\" But it happened on the seventh day that some of the people went out to gather [manna] but they found nothing.", "Adonoy said to Moses, \"How long will you refuse to keep My commandments and My teachings? Look, Adonoy has given you the Shabbos; that is why on the sixth day He gave you food for two days. Every man must remain in his place; no man may leave his designated place on the seventh day.\" So the people rested on the seventh day. The House of Israel named the food manna. It was like white coriander seed and it tasted like dough kneaded with honey. Moses said, \"This is what Adonoy has commanded, ‘Fill an omer measure with it as a keepsake for your generations, so they will see the food with which I fed you in the wilderness when I took you out of Egypt.\" Moses said to Aaron, \"Take a jar and place an omer full of manna in it, and place it before Adonoy as a keepsake for your generations.\" As Adonoy commanded Moses, so did Aaron place it before the Testimony as a keepsake. The Children of Israel ate the manna for forty years until they came to an inhabited land. They ate the manna until they came to the edge of the land of Canaan. The omer is one-tenth of a ephah." ], "Supplications After Prayers": [], "Chapter of Song": [] }, "Weekday Mincha": { "Korbanot": [ "(Numbers 28:1-8)
And Adonoy spoke to Moses to say: Command the Children of Israel,1Kohanim, Levites and Israelites were to be present at the offering of the two daily public burnt-offerings. The Sages instituted the program of Ma’amodos, under which representatives of all 12 tribes were always present when these sacrifices were offered. These representatives were rotated each week. and say to them: My offering, My food, to be consumed by My fires, a pleasing odor to Me, You shall be diligent to bring unto Me, at its fixed time. And you will say to them: This is the fire-offering that you will bring unto Adonoy: [male] lambs, in their first year, without blemish, two [of them] each day, as a constant burnt-offering. Offer one lamb in the morning, and the second lamb, offer in the afternoon. And a tenth of an ephah2One-tenth of an ephah is the equivalent of 43-⅕ eggs. of fine flour as a meal-offering, mixed with oil of crushed [olives] measuring one-fourth of a hin.3The hin is a liquid measure containing 12 logs, of which each log is approximately 6 eggs. [This is] a constant burnt-offering as offered at Mount Sinai for a pleasing odor, a fire-offering to Adonoy. And its libation will be a fourth of a hin for the one lamb; in the Holy4On the Altar. [Sanctuary] you will pour out a drink-offering of strong wine to Adonoy. And the second lamb you will offer in the afternoon; as the meal-offering of the morning [together] with its libation, you shall offer a fire-offering of pleasing odor to Adonoy.", "(Leviticus 1:11)
And he will slaughter it on the north side of the Altar, before Adonoy; and Aaron's sons, the Kohanim, will sprinkle its blood all around the Altar.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, that this recitation be important, acceptable and desirable before You, as if we sacrificed the daily burnt-offering at its proper time, in its proper place and according to its laws.", "You are Adonoy, our God, before Whom our fathers burned the incense of spices when the Holy Temple was standing, as You commanded them by the hand of Moses Your prophet, as it is written in Your Torah:", "(Exodus 30:34-36)
And Adonoy said to Moses, Take for yourself spices— stacte, onycha, and galbanum—1Galbanum has an offensive odor. The Torah includes it among the other spices to teach us to include even Jewish sinners among the rest of Jewry at our assemblies of fasting and prayers.—Rashi spices, and pure frankincense, [they] shall be in equal weights. You will make it into incense, a compound mixed by a compounder, salted,2The Hebrew word, memulach is rendered by Onkelos as mixed, to indicate that the spices should be well mixed together.—Rashi undefiled, and holy. You will pulverize some of it very fine, and place it before the [Ark of] Testimony3This incense was offered each day upon the Innermost Altar which is inside the Tent of Meeting.—Rashi in the Tent of Meeting, where I will meet with you; it will be to you holy of holies.\" It is also written:", "(Exodus 30:7-8)
And Aaron shall burn upon it [the Altar] incense of spices every morning; when he cleans the lamps he will burn it. And when Aaron lights the lamps in the afternoon, he will burn it; a constant incense-offering before Adonoy throughout your generations.", "(Maseches Kreisos 6a; Jerusalem Talmud, Maseches Yoma 4:5)
The Rabbis taught: How was the incense compounded? Three hundred and sixty-eight manim4A maneh is a weight; plural, manim. were comprised therein, three hundred and sixty-five corresponding to the number of days in the solar year, one maneh for each day— half in the morning and half in the afternoon. From the three remaining manim the Kohein Gadol brought two handfuls [into the Holy of Holies] on Yom Kippur; [for which purpose] they were put back into the mortar on the eve of Yom Kippur, and ground [again] very thoroughly, in order to make them very fine. Eleven kinds of spices were used for it. They were: 1) balm, 2) onycha, 3) galbanum, 4) frankincense— by weight, seventy maneh of each; 5) myrrh, 6) cassia, 7) spikenard and 8) saffron— in weight sixteen maneh of each; 9) twelve maneh of costus, 10) three of aromatic bark, and 11) nine of cinnamon. [Also used in the incense compound were:] Nine kabin5A kab is a sixth of a se’ah. of Carshina lye, Cyprus wine [measuring] three s'in and three kabin— if he had no Cyprus wine, he could use strong white wine— a fourth of a kab of Sodom salt, and a minute quantity of maaleh ashan.6This herb causes the smoke of the burning incense to ascend in a straight line. Rabbi Nosson of Babylonia says, Jordan amber was added of a minute quantity, and if one added honey,7Included are various sweeteners such as dates and other fruits. it (the incense) became unfit; and if one omitted8The same is true if one were to add to the prescribed number of eleven spices.—Etz Yosef any of its spices he was liable to the death penalty.\"9The death penalty was given only if the Kohein Gadol actually entered the Holy of Holies with incense which was unfit. This was considered as an unwarranted entry into the Holy of Holies which carried the death decree.—Rashi", "Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel says: The balm is nothing but sap which drips from the balsam tree. the lye of Carshina was used for rubbing the onycha in order to refine its appearance. The Cyprus wine was used to soak the onycha to give it a pungent odor. Though the water of Raglayim1010 This water came from a well named Raglayim.—Kol Bo was well suited for that purpose, they did not bring the water of Raglayim into the Temple because it would be disrespectful.11Since Mei Raglayim (lit., water from the feet) is a euphemism for urine, it would have been disrespectful to use this water in the Temple. Others hold that the term “waters of Raglayim” actually refers to urine, which could have been used as a soaking agent were it not indecent to bring it into a sacred place.—Kol Bo", "It was taught in a Boraysa: Rabbi Nosson says, While [the Kohein] ground [the incense] he would say, ‘Hodeik heiteiv, heiteiv hodeik,' because the sound12Some suggest that the sound of these specific words affects the spices. is good for the spices. If half13184 manim instead of 368. the quantity of incense was prepared it was acceptable, but if only a third or a fourth [of it was prepared] we have not heard14I.e., we did not hear our teachers expound this question. [whether it was acceptable.\"] Rabbi Yehuda said, This is the general rule: If [it was prepared with all its ingredients] in the correct proportion, it is acceptable even if only half was prepared; but if he left out any of its spices, he was liable for the death penalty.", "It was taught in a Boraysa: Bar Kappara says, Once in sixty or seventy years15The exact number of years varied with the size of the hands of the High Priests over the years, for the surplus was what remained of these three manim from which he took two handfuls each Yom Kippur. the accumulated surplus was sufficient to provide half [the yearly quantity of incense.\"] Bar Kappara also taught, If he would have put into it a minute quantity of honey, no one could have withstood [resisted] the scent. Why was no honey mixed with it? Because the Torah says, (Leviticus 2:11) For any leaven or honey, do not burn from them, [as] a fire-offering to Adonoy.", "Recite each of these verses three times:", "Adonoy of Hosts is with us, a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob, Selah! Adonoy of Hosts, fortunate is the man who trusts in You. Adonoy, deliver [us]! The King will answer us on the day we call.", "You are my shelter; from distress You preserve me; with glad song of rescue, You envelop me, Selah! Let Adonoy be pleased with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem, as in the days of old and in earlier years.", "The following is the prayer of Rabbi Nechunya ben Hakanah:", "Please, by the force of Your great right hand, release the bound one. ", "Accept the prayer of Your people; strengthen us, purify us, Awesome One! ", "Please! Mighty One, those who seek Your Unity, preserve them like the pupil [of Your eye]. ", "Bless them, purify them, have compassion on them; Your benevolent righteousness [may You] always bestow upon them. ", "Mighty, Holy One, in Your abundant goodness, lead Your community. ", "Unique One, Exalted, turn to Your people who are mindful of Your holiness. ", "Accept our prayer and hear our cry, [You] Who knows hidden thoughts. ", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.", "Fortunate are those who dwell in Your house; may they continue to praise You, Selah. Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus; fortunate is the people for whom Adonoy is their God. A praise by David! I will exalt You, my God, the King, and bless Your Name forever and ever. Every day I will bless You and extol Your Name forever and ever. Adonoy is great and highly extolled, and His greatness is unfathomable. One generation to another will praise Your works, and Your mighty acts they will declare. The splendor of Your glorious majesty, and the words of Your wonders I will speak. Of Your awesome might, they will speak, and Your greatness I will recount. Mention of Your bountifulness they will express, and in Your righteousness joyfully exult. Adonoy is gracious and merciful, slow to anger and great in kindliness. Adonoy is good to all, His mercy encompasses all His works. All Your works will thank You, Adonoy, and Your pious ones will bless You. Of the honor of Your kingship, they will speak, and Your might they will declare. To reveal to men His mighty acts, and the glorious splendor of His kingship. Your kingship is the kingship for all times, and Your dominion is in every generation. Adonoy supports all the fallen, and straightens all the bent. The eyes of all look expectantly to You, and You give them their food at its proper time. You open Your hand and satisfy the desire of every living being. Adonoy is just in all His ways and benevolent in all His deeds. Adonoy is near to all who call upon Him, to all who call upon Him in truth. The will of those who fear Him, He fulfills; He hears their cry and delivers them. Adonoy watches over all those who love Him, and will destroy all the wicked. Praise of Adonoy, my mouth will declare and all flesh will bless His holy Name forever and ever. And we will bless God from now forever. Praise God.", "The Chazzan recites the following half-Kaddish", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein." ], "Torah Reading for Fast Day": [], "Amidah": [ "When I proclaim Adonoy's Name attribute greatness to our God. My Master, open my lips, and my mouth will declare Your praise.", "THE VIRTUE OF OUR FOREFATHERS", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, God of Abraham, God of Isaac, and God of Jacob, the Almighty, the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome, most high Almighty, Who bestows beneficent kindness, Who possesses everything, Who remembers the piety of the Patriarchs, and Who brings a redeemer to their children's children, for the sake of His Name, with love.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add:", "Remember us for life King, Who desires life; and inscribe us in the Book of Life, for Your sake, Living God.)", "If you forgot to say this, and became aware of your omission before saying the blessing, you should recite it. If you have already said \"Blessed are You Adonoy,\" you must continue the prayers without saying \"Remember.\"", "King, Helper, and Deliverer and Shield. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Shield of Abraham.", "DIVINE MIGHT", "You are mighty forever, my Master; You are the Resurrector of the dead the Powerful One to deliver us.", "From the Musaf of the first day of Pesach until the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres you should say:", "He causes the dew to descend.", "From the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres until the Musaf of the first day of Pesach you should say:", "Causer of the wind to blow and of the rain to fall.", "If you neglected to say this, and became aware of your omission before saying the blessing מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים, \"the Resurrector of the dead,\" you must say it at that time. If you reminded yourself after saying וְנֶאֱמָן אַתָּה \"You are faithful,\" you must repeat it and then complete the blessing of מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים. If you became aware of your omission after starting the blessing אַתָּה קָדוֹשׁ \"You are holy,\" even if you only said the word \"You,\" say the Shemoneh Esrei from the beginning. If during the first thirty days after Shemini Atzeres you are in doubt whether you said it, you must assume that you didnot say it. After thirty days, however, since you have become accustomed to saying it, you may assume that you recited the proper phrase and you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei.", "Sustainer of the living with kindliness, Resurrector of the dead with great mercy, Supporter of the fallen, and Healer of the sick, and Releaser of the imprisoned, and Fulfiller of His faithfulness to those who sleep in the dust. Who is like You, Master of mighty deeds, and who can be compared to You? King Who causes death and restores life, and causes deliverance to sprout forth.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add:", "Who is like You merciful Father, Who remembers His creatures for life, in His mercy.)", "If you forgot to say this, the same law applies as above concerning \"Remember us for life.\"", "And You are faithful to restore the dead to life. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Resurrector of the dead.", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei, the Kedushah is said here)", "Kedushah", "The Congregation says and the Chazzan repeats:", "We will hallow and revere You as [with] the sweet words of the company of the holy Seraphim who thrice repeat “holy” unto You, as is written by the hand of Your prophet, “And they called one to another, and said:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "‘Holy, holy, holy, is Adonoy of Hosts, the fullness of all the earth is His glory.'”", "The Chazzan says:", "Facing them, they offer praise and say:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "“Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from its place”", "The Chazzan says:", "And in Your Holy Words it is written:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "“Adonoy will reign forever; Your God, Zion, throughout all generations! Praise God.”", "DIVINE SANCTIFICATION", "You are holy and Your Name is holy and holy beings praise You every day, forever. For a great and Almighty King— great and holy—are You.", " Blessed are You, Adonoy, the Almighty, the Holy One.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence:", " Blessed are You, Adonoy, the King, the Holy One.", "If you mistakenly said, \"the Almighty\" instead of \"the King,\" or if you are in doubt—if you realized your error after a lapse of time sufficient to utter a three word greeting (Shalom Aleichem Rebbe), or if you had already started the next blessing, you must say the Shmoneh Esrei from the beginning. If you became aware of your error before that, you should immediately say \"the King the Holy One\" and continue your prayers.", "PRAYER FOR UNDERSTANDING", "You favor man with perception and teach mankind understanding. Grant us from Your wisdom, understanding and knowledge. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Grantor of perception.", "PRAYER FOR PENITENCE", "Cause us to return, our Father, to Your Torah and bring us near, our King, to Your service; and bring us back in whole-hearted repentance before You Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who desires penitence.", "PRAYER FOR PARDON", "Pardon us, our Father, for we have sinned, forgive us, our King, for we have transgressed; for you are a good and forgiving almighty. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Gracious One, Who pardons abundantly.", "PRAYER FOR REDEMPTION", "Look, please, upon our affliction, and defend our cause: and redeem us speedily with complete redemption for the sake of Your Name; because You are a Mighty Redeemer. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Redeemer of Israel.", "(On Fast Days, the Chazzan says “Answer us” and concludes, “Blessed are . . . Who responds at times of trouble.”)", "Answer us, Adonoy, answer us on the day of our fasting, for we are in great trouble. Do not regard our wickedness, do not conceal Your countenance from us, and do not be unmindful of our supplication. Please be near to our cry, let Your loving kindness console us. Even before we call unto You, answer us, as it is said: “And it shall come to pass that before they call I will answer;8Isaiah 65:24. while they are yet speaking, I will hear. For You, Adonoy, are the One Who answers in time of trouble, Who redeems and rescues in all times of trouble and distress. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who answers His people Israel in time of trouble.", "PRAYER FOR HEALING", "Heal us, Adonoy, and we will be healed, deliver us and we will be delivered; for You are our praise. Grant a cure and healing to all our sickness and to all our pain and to all our affliction because You are the Almighty, King, Who is a faithful and merciful Healer. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Healer of the sick of His people Israel.", "PRAYER FOR PROSPERITY", "Bless for us, Adonoy our God, this year and all the varieties of its produce for good; and bestow", "From the first say of Pesach until the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, we say the following line.", "blessing", "From the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, until the First day of Pesach, we say the following line.", "dew and rain for a blessing", " upon the face of the earth; satisfy us from its bounty and bless our year as other good years, for blessing, for You are generous Almighty who bestows goodness and blesses the years. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Blesser of the years.", "PRAYER FOR DELIVERANCE", "Sound the great shofar for our liberty, and raise a banner to gather our exiles, and gather us together quickly from the four corners of the earth. into our Land. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Gatherer of the dispersed of His people Israel.", "PRAYER FOR RIGHTEOUS JUDGMENT", "Restore our judges as before and our counselors as at first. Remove from us sorrow and sighing, and reign over us quickly You, Adonoy, alone with kindness and compassion; and make us righteous with righteousness and justice,", " Blessed are You, Adonoy, King, Lover of righteousness and justice.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence:", " Blessed are You, Adonoy, the King of Justice.", "If you mistakenly said, \"King, Lover of righteousness and justice,\" instead of \"the King of Justice\" and became aware of your mistake within the time it takes to utter the three word greeting (Sholom Aleichem Rebbe), you should immediately say \"the King of Justice.\" If you remembered after that interval, you may continue the Shemoneh Esrei since the word \"King\" was mentioned in the regular blessing.", "PRAYER FOR DIVINE RETRIBUTION", "For informers let there be no hope and may all wickedness instantly perish may all Your enemies be swiftly cut off, and the insolent may You quickly uproot, crush, rout, disgrace, humble and subdue speedily in our days. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Crusher of enemies and Subduer of the insolent.", "PRAYER FOR THE RIGHTEOUS SCHOLARS", "Upon the righteous, upon the pious, upon the elders of the remnant of Your people the House of Israel, upon the remnant of their scholars, upon the true proselytes, and upon us, may Your mercy be aroused, Adonoy our God. Grant bountiful reward to all who trust in Your Name in truth; and place our lot among them, and may we never be put to shame, for in You we have put our trust, and on Your great compassion we truly rely. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Support and Trust of the righteous.", "PRAYER FOR JERUSALEM", "And to Jerusalem, Your city, return in mercy, and dwell therein as You have spoken; and rebuild it soon, in our days, as an everlasting structure, and the throne of David, Your servant may You speedily establish therein.", "During Mincha services on the Ninth of Av, the following petition is added here:", "Adonoy, our God, console the mourners of Zion1“Zion” is the spiritual sanctuary, while “Jerusalem” is the Jewish commonwealth which was to flourish around Zion.—S.R. Hirsch and the mourners of Jerusalem and the city that is in mourning and in ruins, despised and desolate. Mourning because she is bereft of her children, ruined of her dwellings, despised in contrast to her former glory, desolate without inhabitants, she sits alone with her head covered like a barren woman who never gave birth. Legions2The Roman forces were called “legions.” have devoured her, idolaters have deprived her of her inheritance; they have put Your people Israel to the sword and have wantonly murdered the pious ones of the Most High. Therefore, Zion weeps bitterly, and Jerusalem raises her voice, “My heart, my heart [grieves] for their slain, my innards, my innards, [ache] for their slain. For you, Adonoy, set her afire, and with fire You will ultimately rebuild her, as it is said, “I will be to her, says Adonoy, a wall of fire around [her], and I shall be for glory in her midst.”3Zecharyah 2:9. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Consoler of Zion and Builder of Jerusalem.", "Continue: “The sprout of David", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, Builder of Jerusalem.", "PRAYER FOR SALVATION", "The sprout of David, Your servant, speedily cause to flourish and exalt his power with Your deliverance, For Your deliverance we hope all day. and watch for Your deliverance. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who causes to sprout the power of salvation.", "PRAYER FOR ACCEPTANCE", "Merciful Father Hear our voice, Adonoy, our God; spare us and have compassion on us, and accept our prayers compassionately and willingly, for You are Almighty Who hears prayers and supplications; and from Your Presence, our King, do not turn us away empty-handed, be gracious and answer us and hear our prayer", "On Fast days during Mincha, the following petition is added here:", "Answer us, Adonoy, answer us on the day of our fasting, for we are in great trouble. Do not regard our wickedness, do not conceal Your countenance from us, and do not be unmindful of our supplication. Please be near to our cry, let Your loving kindness console us. Even before we call unto You, answer us, as it is said: “And it shall come to pass that before they call I will answer;8Isaiah 65:24. while they are yet speaking, I will hear. For You, Adonoy, are the One Who answers in time of trouble, Who redeems and rescues in all times of trouble and distress.", "for You hear the prayers of every mouth of Your people, Israel, with compassion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who hears prayers.", "PRAYER FOR RETURN OF DIVINE SERVICE", "Be pleased, Adonoy, our God, with Your people Israel and pay heed to their prayer; and restore the service to the Holy of Holies in Your abode, and the fire-offerings of Israel; and accept their prayer, lovingly and willingly. And may You always find pleasure with the service of Your people, Israel.", "On Rosh Chodesh and on Chol HaMoed, the following prayer is added:", "Our God and God of our fathers, may there ascend, come, and reach, appear, be desired, and heard, counted and recalled our remembrance and reckoning; the remembrance of our fathers; the remembrance of the Mashiach the son of David, Your servant; the remembrance of Jerusalem, city of Your Sanctuary; and the remembrance of Your entire people, the House of Israel, before You for survival, for well-being, for favor, kindliness, compassion, for good life and peace on this day of:", "Rosh Chodesh", "the Festival of Matzos", "the Festival of Sukkos", "Remember us Adonoy, our God, on this day for well-being; be mindful of us on this day for blessing, and deliver us for good life. In accord with the promise of deliverance and compassion, spare us and favor us, have compassion on us and deliver us; for to You our eyes are directed because You are the Almighty Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "If you forgot to say this at Shacharis, (the Morning Service) or at Mincha (the Afternoon Service), but realized your omission before saying מוֹדִים, \"We are thankful,\" you should say it at that time and continue with מוֹדִים. If you became aware of your omission after saying \"מוֹדִים\" \"We are thankful,\" but before concluding the Shemoneh Esrei [and taking three steps backwards], start again from רְצֵה, \"Be pleased.\" If you had completed the Shemoneh Esrei and then remembered, you must repeat the entire Shemoneh Esrei from the beginning. If you are in doubt, follow the same procedure as above. If you had already said the Musaf prayer and recalled your omission, it is the opinion of some authorities, that the Shemoneh Esrei of Shacharis be repeated as a נְדָבָה, a free-will-offering of prayer, rather than an obligatory prayer.", "And may our eyes behold Your merciful return to Zion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion.", "THANKSGIVING", "At the words, We are thankful, bend forward; at Adonoy return to an upright position.", "We are thankful to You that You Adonoy are our God and the God of our fathers forever; Rock, Rock of our lives, the Shield of our deliverance, You are in every generation. We will give thanks to You and recount Your praise, for our lives which are committed into Your hand, and for our souls which are entrusted to You, and for Your miracles of every day with us, and for Your wonders and benefactions at all times— evening, morning and noon. (You are) The Beneficent One— for Your compassion is never withheld; And (You are) the Merciful One— for Your kindliness never ceases; for we have always placed our hope in You.", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei and says, “Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion”, the congregation responds by saying “Amein” and then the following prayer.)", "We are thankful to You, that You Adonoy are our God, and God of our fathers, God of all flesh, Our Creator, Creator of the Beginning. Blessings and thanksgivings to Your great and holy Name for keeping us alive, and sustaining us; so may You always keep us alive and sustain us, and gather our exiles to the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary to observe Your statutes, and to do Your will, and to serve You wholeheartedly, for we are thankful to You. Blessed is the Almighty to Whom all thanks are due.", " (On Chanukah and Purim the following prayer is added. If you omitted it, you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei. If, however, you became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you should say it at that time, and conclude by saying, “ וְעַל כֻּלָּם , and for all the foregoing.”)", "[We thank You] for the miracles for the redemption, for the mighty deeds, for the deliverances, for the wonders for the consolations and for the wars that You performed for our fathers in those days at this season.", "On Chanukah:", "In the days of Matisyahu, son of Yochanan the High Priest, the Hasmonean and his sons, when the evil Greek kingdom rose up against Your people Israel to make them forget Your Torah and to turn them away from the statutes of Your will— You, in Your abundant mercy, stood by them in their time of distress, You defended their cause, You judged their grievances, You avenged them. You delivered the mighty into the hands of the weak, many into the hands of the few, defiled people into the hands of the undefiled, the wicked into the hands of the righteous, and insolent [sinners] into the hands of diligent students of Your Torah. And You made Yourself a great and sanctified name in Your world. And for Your people, Israel, You performed a great deliverance and redemption unto this very day. Afterwards, Your sons entered the Holy of Holies of Your Abode, cleaned Your Temple, purified Your Sanctuary, and kindled lights in the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary, and designated these eight days of Chanukah to thank and praise Your great Name.", "On Purim:", "In the days of Mordechai and Esther in Shushan the Capital [of Persia], when the evil Haman rose up against them, he sought to destroy, to kill, and to annihilate all the Jews, young and old, infants and women, in one day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar, and to plunder their wealth— And You, in Your abundant mercy, annulled his counsel, frustrated his intention, and brought his evil plan upon his own head, and they hanged him and his sons upon the gallows.", "And for all the foregoing blessed, exalted and extolled your Name, our King constantly, forever and ever.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, add:", "Inscribe for a good life all the children of Your covenant.", "If you forgot to say this, see page 000.", "And all the living shall thank You forever and praise and bless Your great Name with sincerity forever; for You are goodness— the Almighty, Who is our deliverance and our help forever— the benevolent Almighty. Blessed are You, Adonoy, “The Beneficent” is Your Name and You it is fitting to praise.", "Birkas Kohanim is said by the Chazzan on public fast-days:", "Birkas Kohanim", "Our God, and God of our fathers, bless us with the threefold blessing of the Torah, written by the hand of Moses, Your servant, pronounced from the mouth of Aaron and his sons, the kohanim, Your holy people; as it is said:", "Adonoy bless you and guard you.", "Adonoy shine His countenance upon you and be gracious unto you.", "Adonoy turn His countenance toward you and grant you peace.", "After Birkas Kohanim the congregation says:", "Mighty One on high who dwells in might, You are peace and Your Name is peace. May it be Your will that You grant us and all of Your people, the House of Israel life and blessing for a safeguard to peace.", "PRAYER FOR PEACE", "Grant peace, goodness, and blessing, life favor, kindness and compassion upon us and upon all Israel, Your people. Bless us, our Father, all of us as one with the light of Your countenance. For by the light of Your countenance You gave us Adonoy our God, a Torah of life and the love of kindliness, righteousness, blessing, compassion, life, and peace. And may it be good in Your sight to bless us and to bless Your people Israel, at all times and at every moment with Your peace (with much strength and peace).", "During the Ten Days of Penitence continue here:", "In the book of life, blessing, peace and abundant maintenance, good decrees, salvations and condolences, may we be remembered and inscribed before You; we and all Your people, the House of Israel for a good life and peace.", "If you forget to say this you need not go back and repeat it.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who blesses His people Israel with peace.", "May they be acceptable the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart, before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "My God, guard my tongue from evil and my lips from speaking deceitfully. To those who curse me, may my soul be unresponsive; and let my soul be like dust to all. Open my heart to Your Torah and let my soul pursue Your commandments. And all who plan evil against me, quickly annul their counsel and frustrate their intention. (May it it be Your will Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers, that no person be envious of me and that I not be envious of others, that I not be brought to anger this day, and that I not cause Your anger; and save me from the evil inclination, and help me be humble and any modest. Our King and our Father, unify Your Name in Your world, rebuild Your city, establish Your house and perfect your sanctuary. Gather our exiles, redeem Your people, rejoice Your congregation). Act for the sake of Your Name. Act for the sake of Your right hand. Act for the sake of Your Torah. Act for the sake of Your holiness. In order that Your loved ones be released, deliver [with] Your right hand and answer me.", "May they be acceptable—the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart—before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He make peace upon us and upon all Israel and say Amein.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and the God of our Fathers that the Holy Temple be rebuilt speedily in our days, and grant us our share in Your Torah. And there we will serve You reverently as in the days of old, and in earlier years. And let Adonoy be pleased with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem as in the days of old and in earlier years." ], "Tachanun": [ "On days when Tachanun is omitted (see below) the chazzan continues with Kaddish. (14 and 15 Adar Rishon in a leap year); the entire month of Nissan; Pesach Sheini (14 Iyar); Lag BaOmer; 1-8 Sivan; 9 and 15 Av; and 29 Elul. When Tachanun is omitted on these days, it is also omitted at the preceding Mincha (afternoon service). Tachanun is also omitted in the presence of a bridegroom, in the house of a mourner during the week of mourning, and on the occasion of a circumcision if the father, the sandak or the mohel is present. The worshipper recites the Tachanun in a sitting position, while resting his brow on his arm. During the morning service, when the hand-tefillin is on the left arm, he leans his brow on his right arm, but at the Mincha service he leans his brow on his left arm. This \"falling on one's face\" symbolizes complete submission to God and the committing of our destinies into His hands. It is mentioned in the Talmud (Maseches Megillah 22b), and originates with Moses, who \"Fell down before God\" (Deuteronomy 9:18) and was followed by Joshua, who \"Fell on the earth upon his face before the Ark of God\" (Joshua 7:6) ", "Our God and God of our fathers, let our prayer come before you and do not ignore our supplication. For we are not so brazen-faced and stiff-necked to say to you, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, We are righteous and have not sined. But, indeed, we and our fathers have sinned.", "We have trespassed [against God and man, and we are devastated by our guilt]; We have betrayed [God and man, we have been ungrateful for the good done to us]; We have stolen; We have slandered. We have caused others to sin; We have caused others to commit sins for which they are called רְשָׁעִים, wicked; We have sinned with malicious intent; We have forcibly taken other's possessions even though we paid for them; We have added falsehood upon falsehood; we have joined with evil individuals or groups. We have given harmful advice; We have deceived; We have mocked; We have rebelled against God and His Torah; We have caused God to be angry with us; We have turned away from God's Torah; We have sinned deliberately; We have been negligent in our performance of the commandments; We have caused our friends grief; We have been stiff-necked, refusing to admit that the cause of our suffering is our own sins. We have committed sins for which we are called רָשָׁע [raising a hand to hit someone]. We have committed sins which are the result of moral corruption; We have committed sins which the Torah refers to as abominations; We have gone astray; We have led others astray.", "We have turned away from Your commandments and from Your good laws, and we have gained nothing from it. And You are the Righteous One in all [punishment] that has come upon us; for You have acted truthfully and we have acted wickedly.", "You are Almighty, Slow to anger, Lord of Mercy, You are called, and the way of repentance, You have taught us. The greatness of Your mercy and kindness, remember this day and every day for the descendants of Your loved ones. Turn to us with compassion for You are the Lord of Mercy. With supplication and prayer we approach Your Presence, as You made know to [Moses,] the modest one of old. From Your fierce anger turn, as it is written in Your Torah: In the shadow of Your wings, may we be sheltered and lodged, as on the day [of which it is said:] When Adonoy descended in the cloud. Remove [our] transgression, and blot out [our] iniquity, as on the day [of which it is said:] And He stood with him there. Give ear to our cry and listen to our speech, as on the day [of which it is said:] And He proclaimed in the Name, Adonoy And there it is said:", "Congregation and Chazzan:", "And Adonoy passed before him [Moses] and proclaimed:", "Adonoy, Adonoy, Almighty, Merciful, Gracious, Slow to Anger, and Abundant in Kindness and Truth. Keeper of kindness for thousands of generations, Endurer of iniquity and transgression, and sin, and Acquitter of those who repent. And pardon our iniquity and our sin, and take us for Your inheritance. Pardon us, our Father, for we have sinned, forgive us, our King, for we have transgressed. For You, my Master, are good and forgiving, and abounding in kindness to all who call upon You.", "The following supplication is recited while resting your brow on your arm.", "And David said to Gad (II Samuel 24:14), I am greatly distressed; let us fall into the hand of Adonoy for His mercies are great, but into the hand of man let me not fall.", "Merciful and gracious One, I have sinned before You; Adonoy, full of mercy, have compassion upon me and accept my supplications.", "Adonoy, do not rebuke me with Your anger, nor chastise me with Your rage. Be gracious unto me, Adonoy, for I am desolate, heal me Adonoy, for my bones are terrified. My soul, [too,] is utterly terrified, and You Adonoy, how long? Return Adonoy, free my soul, deliver me for the sake of Your lovingkindness. For in death there is no mention of You; in the lower world who will thank You. I am worn out with my sighing, every night I cause my bed to float; with my tears, I melt my couch. My eye is dimmed from anger, it has aged because of my tormentors. Depart from me, all you evildoers, for Adonoy has heard the voice of my weeping. Adonoy has heard my supplication, Adonoy will (also) accept my prayer. Ashamed and utterly terrified will all my foes be, they will return and be instantaneously ashamed.", "Guardian of Israel, guard the remnant of Israel, and let not Israel perish, who say, \"Hear Israel.\"", "Guardian of the unique nation, guard the remnant of the unique people, and let not the unique nation perish, who proclaim the Oneness of Your Name, [saying:] Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.", "Guardian of the holy nation, guard the remnant of the holy people and let not the holy nation perish who repeat the threefold sanctification to the Holy One.", "You Who are appeased by pleas for mercy, and conciliated by supplications, be appeased and conciliated to an afflicted generation, for there is none else to help. Our Father, our King! be gracious to us and answer us for we have no [good] deeds, deal with us charitably and kindly and deliver us.", "As for us, we know not what to do; but our eyes are upon You. Remember Your mercies, Adonoy, and kindnesses for they are from the beginning of the world. Adonoy! may Your kindness be upon us, as we have waited for You. Remember not the sins of our ancestors; let Your mercy come swiftly toward us, for we have been brought very low. Help us for the Name of Adonoy Creator of Heaven and earth. Be gracious to us, Adonoy, be gracious to us for we are saturated with humiliation. [Even] in anger remember to have compassion. [Even] in anger remember the binding of Isaac. Even in anger remember the uprightness of Jacob Adonoy deliver [us] the King will answer us on the day we call. For He knows of what we are made; He is mindful that we are but dust. Help us, God of our deliverance, for the sake of the glory of Your Name; save us and atone our sins, for the sake of Your Name.", "The Chazzan recites the following Kaddish", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be acceptance of the prayers and supplications of the entire House of Israel before their Father in heaven. And say, Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, and say, Amein.", "It is our obligation to praise the Master of all, to ascribe greatness to the Creator of the [world in the] beginning: that He has not made us like the nations of the lands, and has not positioned us like the families of the earth; that He has not assigned our portion like theirs, nor our lot like that of all their multitudes. For they prostrate themselves to vanity and nothingness, and pray to a god that cannot deliver. But we bow, prostrate ourselves, and offer thanks before the Supreme King of Kings, the Holy One blessed is He, Who spreads the heavens, and establishes the earth, and the seat of His glory is in heaven above, and the abode of His invincible might is in the loftiest heights. He is our God, there is nothing else. Our King is true, all else is insignificant, as it is written in His Torah: “And You shall know this day and take into Your heart that Adonoy is God in the heavens above and upon the earth below; there is nothing else.”", "We therefore put our hope in You, Adonoy our God, to soon behold the glory of Your might in banishing idolatry from the earth, and the false gods will be utterly exterminated to perfect the world as the kingdom of Shadai. And all mankind will invoke Your Name, to turn back to You, all the wicked of the earth. They will realize and know, all the inhabitants of the world, that to You, every knee must bend, every tongue must swear [allegiance to You]. Before You, Adonoy, our God, they will bow and prostrate themselves, and to the glory of Your Name give honor. And they will all accept [upon themselves] the yoke of Your kingdom, and You will reign over them, soon, forever and ever. For the kingdom is Yours, and to all eternity You will reign in glory, as it is written in Your Torah: “Adonoy will reign forever and ever.” And it is said: “And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.”", "Do not fear sudden terror nor the destruction of the wicked when it comes. Take counsel together and it will be foiled speak the word and it will not stand for God is with us. To your old age I am [with you], to your older years I will sustain you, I have made you, and I will carry you, I will sustain you and save you.", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, and say, Amen.", "The following is recited here by some congregations from the first day of Elul, through Shemini Atzeres. Others recite it at the end of the Maariv (Evening) Service.", "By David: Adonoy is my light and my salvation, whom shall I fear? Adonoy is the strength of my life, of whom shall I be afraid? When evildoers approach me to devour my flesh— my tormentors and my foes they stumble and fall. If an army should encamp against me, my heart would not fear; if war were to rise against me, in this I trust. One thing I request of Adonoy, [only] that shall I seek, that I may dwell in the House of Adonoy all the days of my life, to behold the pleasantness of Adonoy, and to meditate in His Sanctuary. For He will hide me in His Tabernacle on the day of distress, He will conceal me in the shelter of His Tent, upon a rock He will lift me. And now my head is raised high above my enemies around me; and I will offer in His Tent, sacrifices accompanied by trumpets of joy; I will sing and chant to Adonoy. Adonoy, hear my voice when I call; be gracious to me and answer me. Of You, my heart has said, “Seek My Presence”; Your Presence, Adonoy I will seek. Conceal not Your Presence from me, do not turn away Your servant in anger. You have been my help; neither cast me off nor abandon me, God of my deliverance. When my father and mother abandon me, Adonoy will gather me up. Adonoy, teach me Your way, and lead me in the path of uprightness, because of my watchers. Do not deliver me to the will of my tormentors, for false witnesses have risen against me, who breathe violence. Had I not believed that I would see the goodness of Adonoy in the land of living. Hope to Adonoy, be strong and He will give you courage; and hope to Adonoy.", "Mourner's Kaddish is said here:", "It is customary to recite this psalm (49) in the house of a mourner during the week of mourning, following the morning and evening services. On weekdays when Tachanun is not said Psalm 16 (page 218) is substituted. This psalm, the final hymn of the psalms set down by the sons of Korach has significance for all mankind. Its message is that man must utilize all his material and physical resources to enhance his spiritual existence so that when his soul survives the body's brief stay on earth it can ascend to immortality. If man fails to recognize his purpose in life and instead regards the acquisition of material wealth the primary aim of life, he forfeits his hope of immortality, and his existence will not continue beyond the grave.—S.R. Hirsch", "To Him Who grants victory, a psalm by the sons of Korach. Hear this all peoples, listen all inhabitants of the decaying world! Sons of Adam and sons of men,1Others translate b'nei adam, “Men of low degree” or “Men without pedigree,” and b'nei ish, “Men of high degree” who can trace their ancestry to men of distinction. rich and poor together. My mouth shall speak wisdom, and the meditation of my heart shall be of understanding. I will incline my ear to a parable, I will begin to solve, to the accompaniment of a harp, my riddle. Why should I fear in the days of evil? The iniquity I trod upon2These are the sins which a person considers trivial and commits out of carelessness, just as one who walks is not concerned if he steps on something small or insignificant.—S.R. Hirsch surrounds me. Those who trust in their wealth and take pride in their great riches.3Those who trust in their wealth and glory in their great riches should be in fear. A man will not redeem his brother neither can he give to God his ransom.4S.R. Hirsch translates, “And thus does not give to God his ransom.” They fail to use their riches to free their fellow men from want and care, and so neglect to pay God the ransom due Him for their own souls. Radak says even if he wanted to ransom his soul from God, he could not, for God does not accept bribes. The redemption of their soul is too costly and it shall cease5Because they neglected their duty, their soul shall cease to be. They have done nothing to insure the perpetuation of their souls.—S.R. Hirsch to be forever. Shall he then live forever, shall he never see the grave? For he sees that wise men die, the fools and senseless perish equally6When the wise die, only their bodies pass away; but their souls live on. The foolish and senseless sinners perish completely, leaving no trace of body or soul.—Rashi, Radak and leave their wealth to others. Their inner7Some translate the word kirbom as “their graves,” by transposing the letters to kivrom. Because they have no merits, the wicked will not arise at the time of resurrection and therefore, “Their graves are their houses forever” (Ibn Ezra). thoughts are that their houses [will last] forever, their homes for generation after generation; (for) they have proclaimed8They spread their names far and wide by erecting monuments and edifices and naming them after themselves. In this manner, they seek to fulfill their yearning for immortality.—S.R. Hirsch their names throughout the lands. But man does not endure in his splendor, he is likened to the silenced animals. This is their way— their folly remains with them, and [yet] their descendants take pleasure in their speech, Selah. Like sheep—they are destined for the grave; death shall be their shepherd, and the upright shall dominate them at morning, their form will be consumed in the grave; [it will not remain] their dwelling-place. But God will redeem my soul from the [grasp of] the grave, for He will take me [to Himself] Selah. Fear not when a man grows rich, when the glory of his house is increased. For when he dies, he shall carry nothing away, his glory will not descend after him. Because while he lived, he blessed his soul. (saying): they will praise you because you have done well for yourself. He will join the generation of his fathers, they shall not see light, for all eternity. Man with [all] his splendor, [but] without understanding9Man created in the image of God possesses glorious potential, and his soul is filled with Divine splendor, but when he fails to appreciate and utilize his potential, he is likened to the dead animals.—Radak is likened to the silenced animals." ], "Avinu Malkeinu": [ "During the Ten Days of Penitence, Avinu Malkeinu is recited here during Shacharis—the morning service, and Mincha—the afternoon service. It is also said by some congregations on public Fast Days. The number of petitions in this prayer varies with custom, but in our rite, Avinu Malkeinu consists of 44 petitions. Since many of them are similar to the petitions of Shemoneh Esrei, Avinu Malkeinu is never recited on Shabbos, when the petitions of Shemoneh Esrei are also omitted. This unique and moving prayer is recorded as having been recited by Rabbi Akiva. The Talmud (Maseches Taanis 25b) relates that Rabbi Eliezer once stepped down before the Ark and recited the 24 benedictions for fast days and his prayers were not answered. Rabbi Akiva stepped down after him and exclaimed, \"Our Father, our King, we have no king except You. Our Father, our King, for Your sake have mercy on us,\" and rain fell.", "Our Father, our King!1The Jewish People are referred to in Scripture as God's slaves (Leviticus 25:42), and as His children (Deuteronomy 14:1). Thus we say to Him, “If we are Your children, we beseech You as our Father; if we are Your slaves, we implore You as our Master and King Contrary to the view that God, the Father, is so full of love for His children, that He permits the wanton breaking of His commandments to go unpunished, Judaism knows that God the King, must be feared and His laws must be obeyed. There are times when a father is unable to do what he would like for his children because of physical or financial limitations. On the other hand, a king has the power to do anything for his subjects if he should so desire. We cry out to God—You are our Father and You desire to help us—You are our King and You have the power to help us! we have sinned before You.", "Our Father our King! we have no King except You.2Despite our physical banishment and spiritual estrangement—the result of our sins—we still have none other than God to guide our lives and to shape our destiny.", "Our Father, our King! deal with us [kindly] for the sake of Your Name.3See Ezekiel 36.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, say:", "Our Father, our King! renew for us a good year.", "On public fast-days, say:", "Our Father, our King! bless us with a good year.", "Our Father, our King! annul all harsh decrees concerning us.", "Our Father, our King! annul the designs of those who hate us.", "Our Father, our King! thwart the plans of our enemies.", "Our Father, Our King! rid us of every oppressor and adversary.", "Our Father, Our King! seal the mouths of our adversaries and accusers.", "Our Father, Our King! remove pestilence, sword, famine, captivity, destruction, [the burden of] iniquity and religious persecution from the members of Your covenant.", "Our Father, Our King! withhold the plague from Your inheritance.", "Our Father, Our King! forgive and pardon all our iniquities.", "Our Father, Our King! blot out and remove our transgressions and sins from before Your eyes.", "Our Father, Our King! erase in Your abundant mercy all records of our liabilities.4Having just asked that our sins be forgiven and that our transgressions be removed from before His eyes, what are we asking for now? Our earlier pleas were for forgiveness of those sins we committed ourselves. But there are sins for which we are held accountable even though we do not commit them ourselves. One possibility is, having watched while others sin, when we may have been able to prevent it. (Chazal say כל ישראל ערבין זה לזה. A guarantor is one who countersigns a debt note, undertaking to pay if the borrower defaults. Thus we ask God to erase all our notes of obligation whether as borrower or guarantor. In all instances, He is the Extender of credit.) Thus we beseech God to erase the records of our guilt in those instances.—Siach Yitzchok", "Our Father, Our King! bring us back in wholehearted5Many repent out of their fear of God. Others repent out of their love for Him. We beseech God to bring us back in “wholehearted” repentance motivated by love, the most perfect form of penitence.—Etz Yosef repentance before You.", "Our Father, Our King! send complete6We beseech God to heal both the spiritually ill as well as the physically ill. We ask, therefore, for a “complete” healing for the sick among us.—Etz Yosef healing to the sick among Your people.", "Our Father, Our King! tear up the evil [parts] of our sentence.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us favorably before You.", "The following five prayers are said during the Ten Days of Penitence.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of the Good Life.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Redemption and Deliverance.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Maintenance and Sustenance.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Merits.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Pardon and Forgiveness.", "The following five prayers are said on public fast-days.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for a good life.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for redemption and deliverance.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for maintenance and sustenance.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for merit.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for pardon and forgiveness.", "Our Father, Our King! cause deliverance to spring forth for us soon.", "Our Father, Our King! raise up the might of Your people Israel.", "Our Father, Our King! raise up the might of Your anointed.", "Our Father, Our King! fill our hands with Your blessings.", "Our Father, Our King! fill our storehouses with abundance.", "Our Father, Our King! hear our voice, spare us and have compassion upon us.", "Our Father, Our King! accept our prayer with compassion and favor.", "Our Father, Our King! open the gates of heaven to our prayer.", "Our Father, Our King! remember, that we are dust.", "Our Father, Our King! Please do not turn us away empty-handed from You.", "Our Father, Our King! let this hour be an hour of compassion and a time of favor before You.", "Our Father, Our King! have compassion upon us, and upon our children and infants.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of those who were slain for Your holy Name.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of those who were slaughtered for [proclaiming] Your Unity.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of those who went through fire and water for the sanctification of Your Name.", "Our Father, Our King! avenge before our eyes the spilled blood of Your servants.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for Your sake if not for ours.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for Your sake and deliver us.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of Your great mercy.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of Your great, mighty, and awesome Name which is proclaimed upon us.", "Our Father, Our King! favor us and answer us for we have no accomplishments; deal with us charitably and kindly with us and deliver us." ] }, "Weekday Maariv": { "The Shema": [ "Unlike the morning Shacharis and afternoon Mincha services which correspond to the two daily communal sacrifices (Tamid), offered in the Temple, one in the morning and one in the afternoon, the evening Maariv service has no counterpart in the Temple service, since sacrifices were never brought at night in the Temple. The Maariv service was instituted to correspond to the Temple ritual of keeping on the altar the unconsumed parts of sacrifices that had been offered earlier in the day. These parts were kept on the altar at night so that they could be completely consumed by its fire. This ritual was applicable only if there actually were uncon- sumed parts of offerings. Although the Maariv service was instituted to correspond to this ritual, and may therefore seem to be non-obligatory (see Maseches Berachos 27b), Rabbeinu Yitzchak Alfasi and all the other codifiers have ruled that Maariv has been accepted and hallowed by custom, and is therefore an obligatory service. The Shema is preceded by two blessings and followed by two other blessings.", "And He, the Merciful One, atones iniquity; and does not destroy. He frequently withdraws His anger and does not arouse all His rage.1Psalms 78:38. This verse consists of thirteen Hebrew words. It recalls the “thirteen attributes of Divine mercy” (Exodus 34:67). In the evening when man pauses from the rush of his daily activities, he is conscious of having sinned during the day, and thus begins his prayer with this appeal for Divine mercy.—Machzor Vitry
Midrash Tanchuma (Pinchos 13) notes that the morning sacrifice (תמיד של שחר) atoned for sins committed during the night, while the afternoon sacrifice (תמיד של בין הערבים) atoned for sins committed during the day. Since the evening service does not represent Temple sacrifice, it became customary to recite this verse because it mentions that God “atones iniquity.”—Avudraham
Adonoy, deliver [us!] The King will answer us on the day we call.2Psalms 20:10.", "The Chazzan says:", "Bless Adonoy Who is blessed.", "The congregation responds and the Chazzan repeats:", "Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed forever and ever.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe, With His word He brings on evenings, with wisdom He opens the gates3These are the gates of sunrise and sunset through which God, in His infinite wisdom, has divided life on earth into two complementary halves.—Rabbi S.R. Hirsch (of heaven); and with understanding changes4He alternates the three daily periods—evening, morning, and afternoon.—Avudraham the times and alternates the seasons, and arranges the stars in their watches,5The stars appear as watchmen appointed by God to stand guard over the sleeping world below. He also appointed them their places in definite orbits, according to His will, and for purposes known to Him alone.—S.R. Hirsch in the sky, according to His will. He creates day and night, He rolls the light away from before darkness, and darkness from before light; He causes day to pass and brings night, and separates between day and night; Adonoy of Hosts6His Name, ה’ צבאות, means “He Who takes all the infinite variety of hosts and creatures and unites them to act and interact as parts of one unified Universe.”—S.R. Hirsch is His Name. The Almighty, [Who is] living and enduring will always reign over us forever and ever. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who brings on evening.", "[With] An everlasting love7This prayer is an abbreviated form of the אהבה רבה prayer in the morning service. It thanks God for the sacred gift of Divine Revelation that He granted Israel. It declares that Torah alone is the eternal heritage of the Jewish people and that all other goods and gifts of life are transitory.—S.R. Hirsch You loved the House of Israel, Your people. Torah and commandments, statutes and laws, You taught us. Therefore, Adonoy, our God, when we lie down and when we rise, we will discuss Your statutes, and rejoice in the words of the teachings of Your Torah and in Your commandments forever. For they are our life and they lengthen our days, and on them we will meditate day and night. [May] Your love never be removed from us Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who loves His people Israel.", "The following three words should be said when praying without a minyan:", "(Almighty, faithful King)", "Hear, Israel: Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.", "The following three lines are to be said silently:", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.", "And you shall love Adonoy your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your possessions. And these words which I command you today, shall be upon your heart. And you shall teach them sharply to your children. And you shall discuss them when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall bind them for a sign upon your hand, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways.", "And it will be— if you vigilantly obey My commandments which I command you this day, to love Adonoy your God, and serve Him with your entire hearts and with your entire souls— that I will give rain for your land in its proper time, the early (autumn) rain and the late (spring) rain; and you will harvest your grain and your wine and your oil. And I will put grass in your fields for your cattle, and you will eat and be satisfied. Beware lest your hearts be swayed and you turn astray, and you worship alien gods and bow to them. And Adonoy's fury will blaze among you, and He will close off the heavens and there will be no rain and the earth will not yield its produce; and you will perish swiftly from the good land which Adonoy gives you. Place these words of Mine upon your hearts and upon your souls,— and bind them for a sign upon your hands, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes. And you shall teach them to your sons, to speak them when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways. In order that your days be prolonged, and the days of your children, upon the land which Adonoy swore to your fathers to give them [for as long] as the heavens are above the earth.", "And Adonoy spoke to Moses saying: Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them to make for themselves fringes on the corners of their garments throughout their generations; and they will place with the fringes of each corner a thread of blue. And it will be to you for fringes, and you will look upon it and you will remember all the commandments of Adonoy, and you will perform them; and you will not turn aside after your hearts and after your eyes which cause you to go astray. In order that you will remember and perform all My commandments; and you will be holy unto your God. I am Adonoy, your God, Who brought you out of the land of Egypt to be your God: I am Adonoy, your God—", "You must be careful to connect the last words of Shema, ה' אֱלֹקֵיכֶם (Adonoy, your God), with the word אֶמֶת (is true) without pause or interruption so that these three words form one sentence, meaning “Adonoy your God is true” (Maseches Berachos 13a).", "—is true—", "The chazan repeats:", "Adonoy, your God, is true.", "This is the first of the two berachos that follow the Shema.", "—and faithful is all this,1All that we have affirmed in the Shema. is true and trustworthy.—Etz Yosef and it is permanently established with us that he is Adonoy, our God, and there is nothing besides Him, and that we, Israel, are His people. [He] Who liberated us from the hand of kings,2He redeemed us from Pharaoh, and saved us from Sichon and Og in the days of Moses and from the thirty-one kings in the days of Joshua.—Etz Yosef [is] our King, Who redeemed us from the grasp of all the tyrants.3“Tyrants” include Amalek and others who wanted to destroy us.—Etz Yosef [He is] the Almighty Who exacts payment [punishment] from our oppressors,4The Malbim says that “oppressors” (צרינו) refers to those who actively persecute us whereas “enemies” (אויבינו) refers to those who would rejoice over our misfortune without necessarily contributing to our downfall in an outright manner. and brings retribution on all those who are enemies of our soul. He does great things5“Great things” refers to the way God rules according to the laws of nature and “wonders” refers to those things that are classified as miracles.—Siach Yitzchak beyond comprehension, miracles and wonders without number. He sustains our soul in life6Not only does God sustain our souls in exile, but He also sustains our physical well-being.—Siach Yitzchak and does not allow our feet to slip. He makes us tread upon the high places of our enemies, and exalts our strength over all who hate us. He performed miracles for us and vengeance upon Pharaoh, signs and wonders in the land of the Hamites. He slew in His wrath, all the firstborn of Egypt, and brought out His people, Israel, from their midst to everlasting7The redemption from Egypt is the source for all later redemptions; it is the source from which our final and total salvation will spring. We became free, never again to taste the bitterness of spiritual or physical bondage.—Sfas Emes freedom. He led His children through the divided parts of the Sea of Reeds, their pursuers and their enemies He drowned in its depths. And His children saw His mighty power— they praised and gave thanks to His Name, His sovereignty they willingly accepted; Moses and the children of Israel sang unto You with great joy, and they all said:", "“Who is like You among the mighty, Adonoy! Who is like You? [You are] adorned in holiness, awesome in praise, performing wonders”8Exodus 15:11. Your children beheld Your sovereignty when You divided the sea before Moses. “This is my God,”9Exodus 15:2. they exclaimed, and declared,", "“Adonoy will reign forever and ever.”10Exodus 15:18. And it is said, “For Adonoy has liberated Jacob and redeemed him from a hand, mightier than his.”11Jeremiah 31:10. Blessed are You, Adonoy Who has redeemed Israel.", "This is the second of the benedictions that follow the Sh'ma.", "Adonoy our God; make us lie down in peace, our King, raise us again to good life, and peace12Undisturbed peace, and strength for a new day of vigorous living, are the gifts that night brings and for which we pray to God.—S.R. Hirsch Spread over us the shelter of Your peace, and direct us to better ourselves through Your good counsel;13We particularly ask of Him at night to bless us with wise counsel. Daytime is the time for achievement, but the rest that comes with nightfall is made to allow man to compose his thoughts. By virtue of the complete relaxation It affords, sleep endows the mind and spirit with renewed vigor. We pray therefore for Divine aid so that our nightly rest will help us take wise counsel and affirm worthy resolution for future days.—Avudraham and Siach Yitzchak and deliver us speedily for Your Name's sake. Shield us, and remove from us14Shield us from trouble before it comes, and remove it from us if it has already come.—Siach Yitzchak enemies, pestilence, sword, famine and sorrow. Remove the adversary15The Hebrew word שטן (Satan) used in the Prayer Book refers to the Evil Impulse, the lower passions which are a hindrance to man's pursuit of the nobler aims in life. It is against the dominance of this impulse that the Jew prays. The “adversary,” therefore, is any person, spirit, or Evil Impulse that seduces us to do wrong.—Dover Sholom and others from before us and from behind us, and shelter us in the shadow of Your wings. For, Almighty, You are our Protector and Rescuer, For, Almighty You are a gracious and merciful King. Guard our going out and our coming in for life and peace for now forever. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who guards His people Israel forever.", "The following prayer was originally a compilation of eighteen verses instituted during the Gaonic era as a substitute for the Shemoneh Esrei. According to Avudraham, the Shemoneh Esrei was omitted because of decrees issued against the Jews that banned them from participating in the Evening Service. These eighteen verses, adopted in place of the Shemoneh Esrei, have remained a part of the Maariv service. Some Halachic commentaries maintain that these verses should not be included in Maariv, because they constitute an interruption between the final blessing after Shema and the Shemoneh Esrei.", "Blessed is Adonoy forever, Amein and Amein!16Psalms 89:53. Blessed is Adonoy from Zion Who dwells in Jerusalem, Praise God.17Psalms 135:21. Blessed is Adonoy, God, God of Israel Who alone performs wonders.18Psalms 72:18. Blessed is the Name of His glory forever and may His glory fill the whole earth; Amein and Amein!19Psalms 72:19. The Glory of Adonoy will endure forever; Adonoy will rejoice in His works.20Psalms 104:31. The Name of Adonoy will be blessed from now forever.21Psalms 113:2. For Adonoy will not cast off His people, for the sake of His great Name, because Adonoy has determined to make you His people.22I Samuel 12:22. And all the people saw it and they fell on their faces, and proclaimed, “Adonoy, He is God!23I Kings 18:39. This verse describes the reaction of the people when they saw the miracle performed by God on behalf of Elijah on Mount Carmel when he disproved and ridiculed the false prophets of Baal. Adonoy, He is God!” And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.24Zecharyah 14:9. Adonoy, may Your kindness be upon us as we have hoped for You.25Psalms 33:22. Deliver us, Adonoy, our God, gather us from the nations to give thanks to Your Holy Name, to be extolled in Your praise.26I Chronicles 16:35. All the nations which You have made will come and bow down before You, my Master, and they will give honor to Your Name.27Psalms 86:9. For You are great and do wondrous things, You alone are God.28Psalms 86:10. And we, Your people, the sheep of Your pasture, will give thanks to You forever, from generation to generation we will recount Your praise.29Psalms 79:13. Blessed is Adonoy by day, Blessed is Adonoy by night, Blessed is Adonoy when we lie down, Blessed is Adonoy when we rise. For in Your hand are the souls of the living and the dead: [as it is written]: for in His hand is the soul of every living thing, and the spirit of every human being.30Job 12:10. In Your hand, I commit my spirit; You have liberated me Adonoy, Almighty of truth.31Psalms 31:6. Our God in heaven, reveal the unity of Your Name, preserve Your kingdom always and reign over us forever and ever.", "May our eyes behold, our heart rejoice, and our soul exalt in Your true deliverance, when it will be said to Zion: “Your God has begun His reign.” “Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King Adonoy will reign for ever and ever” For the kingdom is Yours and to all eternity, You will reign in glory; for we have no king except You. Blessed are You, the King in His glory, will always reign over us forever and ever, and over all His creation.", "The Chazzan recites the following half-Kaddish", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein." ], "Amidah": [ "My Master,1When God's name is spelled Alef-Daled-Nun-Yud it means “my Master”, i.e., it is a personal declaration of the person uttering it. When it is spelled Yud-Hey-Vov-Hey, it indicates God as the Creator of all.—Avudraham open my lips, and my mouth will declare Your praise.2Psalms 51:17.", "THE VIRTUE OF OUR FOREFATHERS", "Blessed3The first blessing of Shemoneh Esrei contains eighteen expressions of praise which parallel the Eighteen Benedictions. are You, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, God of Abraham, God of Isaac, and God of Jacob, the Almighty, the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome, most high Almighty, Who bestows beneficent kindness, Who possesses everything, Who remembers the piety of the Patriarchs, and Who brings a redeemer to their children's children, for the sake of His Name, with love.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add:", "Remember us for life King, Who desires life; and inscribe us in the Book of Life, for Your sake, Living God.)4We ask God for life so that we can fulfill His purpose in creating us, i.e., to observe and fulfill His commandments.", "If you forgot to say this, and became aware of your omission before saying the blessing, you should recite it. If you have already said \"Blessed are You Adonoy,\" you must continue the prayers without saying \"Remember.\"", "King, Helper, and Deliverer and Shield.5God is a helper in all the fortunes of life by giving us the necessary energy and talents to succeed. He delivers us from both moral and physical suffering, and He shields us by keeping tragedy and evil influences from us. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Shield of Abraham.6These words complete the first blessing of Shemoneh Esrei called “Avos” (Patriarchs). And here too we bend our knees and bow when saying, “Blessed are You.” The major theme of this section is to praise God as “the Great”, as manifested in the Divine protection and providence He gave to the Patriarchs, of whom Abraham was the first.—Vilna Gaon", "DIVINE MIGHT", "You are mighty forever,7God's rule of the world is permanent and perpetual.—Kuzari my Master; You are the Resurrector of the dead8This is the emphatic expression of our belief in the immortality of the soul.—Kuzari the Powerful One9This passage begins the section of Shemoneh Esrei called “Gevuros” (Might) and its major theme is to praise God as “the Mighty One.” Who alone restores man to life, health, freedom, and well-being.—Vilna Gaon to deliver us.", "From the Musaf of the first day of Pesach until the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres one should say:", "He causes the dew to descend.", "From the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres until the Musaf of the first day of Pesach you should say:", "Causer of the wind to blow and of the rain to fall.10God's might is as much manifested in causing the rain as it is in reviving the dead. In fact the Talmud (Maseches Taanis 7a) declares in the name of Rabbi Avohu: “The day when rain falls is greater than the day of the resurrection of the dead.” Rabbi Yochanan said, (Ibid, 2a): “There are three ׳keys’ which God retains in His own hands and does not entrust to any emissary: the key to rain, the key to childbirth, and the key to the resurrection of the dead.”", "If you neglected to say this, and became aware of your omission before saying the blessing מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים, \"the Resurrector of the dead,\" you must say it at that time. If you reminded yourself after saying וְנֶאֱמָן אַתָּה \"You are faithful,\" you must repeat it and then complete the blessing of מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים. If you became aware of your omission after starting the blessing אַתָּה קָדוֹשׁ \"You are holy,\" even if you only said the word \"You,\" say the Shemoneh Esrei from the beginning. If during the first thirty days after Shemini Atzeres you are in doubt whether you said it, you must assume that you didnot say it. After thirty days, however, since you have become accustomed to saying it, you may assume that you recited the proper phrase and you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei.", "Sustainer of the living with kindliness, Resurrector of the dead11The most extraordinary manifestation of God's might—to our perception—is when He restores the dead to life. Avudraham writes that the three following praises represent various examples of how God restores life to those who arc near death. When a person falls (either physically or morally) he is often near death; thus, when God supports the fallen he restores their lives. When a person is sick, he often faces death, so when God heals the sick He restores their lives. A person who is imprisoned—i.e., confined—is like dead; thus when God releases the imprisoned He restores their lives. with great mercy, Supporter of the fallen, and Healer of the sick, and Releaser of the imprisoned, and Fulfiller of His faithfulness to those who sleep in the dust.12Just as God shows His faithfulness to the living, so too will He keep faith with the dead who lie in the dust. Others say that “Those who sleep in the dust” refers to the Patriarchs; God will remember the oath He made to them and keep His promises to them.—Avudraham Who is like You, Master of mighty deeds, and who can be compared to You? King Who causes death and restores life, and causes deliverance to sprout forth.13Deliverance will “grow” in stages rather than all at once.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add:", "Who is like You merciful Father, Who remembers His creatures for life, in His mercy)", "If you forgot to say this, the same law applies as above concerning \"Remember us for life.\"", "And You are faithful14How remarkable is the Jew's conviction of God's faithfulness. When the Chazzan says the blessing of “Resurrector of the dead,” the Jew responds, “Amein” even though he has not seen God restore the dead to life; when the Chazzan says the blessing “Redeemer of Israel,” he responds “Amein”, even though he has not yet been delivered; and when the Chazzan says the blessing “Builder of Jerusalem,” he responds “Amein” even though Jerusalem has not yet been rebuilt.—Midrash Tanchuma to restore the dead to life. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Resurrector of the dead.", "DIVINE SANCTIFICATION", "You are holy and Your Name is holy and holy beings praise You every day, forever. For a great and Almighty King— great and holy—are You.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, the Almighty, the Holy One.19This blessing completes the section of Shemoneh Esrei called Kedushah (Holiness) which emphasizes that God is indeed awesome.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, the King, the Holy One.", "If you mistakenly said, \"the Almighty\" instead of \"the King,\" or if you are in doubt—if you realized your error after a lapse of time sufficient to utter a three word greeting (Shalom Aleichem Rebbe), or if you had already started the next blessing, you must say the Shmoneh Esrei from the beginning. If you became aware of your error before that, you should immediately say \"the King the Holy One\" and continue your prayers.", "PRAYER FOR UNDERSTANDING", "You favor man with perception20The blessing “You favor man with perception” begins the group of thirteen petitions which make up the “intermediate” section of Shemoneh Esrei. The first six petitions (blessings 4-9) are for our individual needs and well-being: understanding, repentance, forgiveness of sins, deliverance from trouble, from illness, and from want. Though these six petitions are of a personal nature, they voice the needs of all mankind. Note that the worshipper prays for his spiritual needs—knowledge, repentance, and forgiveness before he prays for his physical wants. and teach mankind understanding. ", "(You have favored us [with the ability] to know Your Torah and taught us to fulfill the statutes of Your will. You made a distinction, Adonoy, our God, between sacred and unhallowed, between light and darkness, between Israel and the peoples, between the seventh day and the six work days. Our Father, our King, commence for us the days that approach us, in peace, devoid of all sin, and cleansed of all iniquity, and devoted to the fear of You. And...)", "Grant us from Your wisdom, understanding and knowledge.21Wisdom is essential to spiritual development, and we pray that God grant us understanding in order to fulfill the duties incumbent on us as Jews. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Grantor of perception.", "PRAYER FOR PENITENCE", "Cause us to return,22The goal of wisdom is the realization of man's true relationship to his Maker. Wisdom should be used for Torah study and Divine service. our Father, to Your Torah and bring us near, our King, to Your service; and bring us back in whole-hearted repentance23Since the Sages say, “Repent the day before you die” (Maseches Avos 2:10), and every day may be our last, we petition God daily for Divine guidance in repenting. before You Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who desires penitence.24Repentance in Judaism implies regret for past misconduct and firm resolve for correct conduct in the future. God holds out His hand to the erring sinner and leads him back to righteousness, as the Talmud (Maseches Yoma 38b) declares, הבא ליטהר מסיעין אותו. God desires penitence as it is written, “I do not desire the death of the wicked: but (rather) that the wicked return from his way and live” (Ezekiel 33:11).", "PRAYER FOR PARDON", "Pardon25Sin can only be pardoned after repentance. Hence, the order of these two petitions. Even if a person was the worst of sinners, his supplication (after repentance) makes him fit to receive Divine mercy and helps him attain it—R’ Yosef Albo us, our Father, for we have sinned, forgive us, our King, for we have transgressed;26Error, חטא, is the result of carelessness, ignorance, or weakness; sin, פשע, is a deliberate disregard of moral or religious duty. for you are a good and forgiving almighty. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Gracious One, Who pardons abundantly.27“Let the wicked forsake his way, and the man of iniquity, his thoughts. Let him return to Adonoy and He will have mercy upon him; and to our God for He abundantly pardons” (Isaiah 55:7).", "PRAYER FOR REDEMPTION", "Look, please, upon our affliction, and defend our cause: and redeem us speedily28As an outgrowth of our penitence and our forgiveness we pray that we may be deemed worthy of Divine redemption.—Kuzari with complete redemption for the sake of Your Name; because You are a Mighty Redeemer. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Redeemer of Israel.", "PRAYER FOR HEALING", "Heal us,29After the petitions for our spiritual needs we pray for earthly blessings—for health of body and soul, and for food to maintain our strength.—Kuzari Adonoy, and we will be healed, deliver us and we will be delivered; for You are our praise. Grant a cure and healing to all our sickness and to all our pain and to all our affliction because You are the Almighty, King, Who is a faithful and merciful Healer. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Healer of the sick of His people Israel.", "PRAYER FOR PROSPERITY", "Bless for us, Adonoy our God, this year and all the varieties of its produce for good; and bestow", "From the first say of Pesach until the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, we say the following line.", "blessing", "From the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, until the First day of Pesach, we say the following line.", "dew and rain for a blessing*", "upon the face of the earth; satisfy us from Your bounty30According to the Gaon of Vilna, the petition here reads מטובה, “Satisfy us from its bounty”, referring to the bounty of Eretz Yisroel. for you are generous Almighty who bestows goodness and blesses the years. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Blesser of the years.", "* If you forgot to say this and became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you may say it at that time and conclude the blessing. If you became aware of your omission after saying the blessing, continue the prayers, and before concluding the 16th blessing שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָּה, \"Who heeds prayer,\" say: וְתֵן טַל וּמָטָר לִבְרָכָה כִּי אַתָּה וגו' \"bestow dew and rain for blessing, for you heed etc.\". If you reminded yourself after concluding the blessing שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָּה, but before you started רְצֵה, \"be pleased,\" you may say: \"bestow dew and rain,\"וְתֵן טַל וּמָטָר and then continue with רְצֵה . If you remembered after that you must go back and say the 9th blessing, בָּרֵךְ עָלֵינוּ, and continue from there. But if you became aware of your omission after concluding the entire Shemoneh Esrei [and taking three steps backwards] you must repeat the entire Shemoneh Esrei.", "PRAYER FOR DELIVERANCE", "Sound the great shofar for our liberty,31The following six benedictions, beginning with this one, are prayers for the restoration of the spiritual-national life of the Jewish People. This tenth benediction is an impassioned prayer for the fulfillment of the prophecy, “And it will come to pass on that day, the great Shofar will be sounded; and those who were lost in the land of Assyria shall come and those who were dispersed in the land of Egypt; and they will worship Adonoy on the Holy Mountain at Jerusalem (Isaiah 27:13).—Avudraham and raise a banner to gather our exiles, and gather us together quickly from the four corners of the earth. into our Land. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Gatherer of the dispersed of His people Israel.", "PRAYER FOR RIGHTEOUS JUDGMENT", "Restore our judges32We pray for the restoration of God's reign of justice, as the prophet said, “And I will restore your judges as in former times, and your advisors as the beginning; afterward you (Jerusalem) will be called the city of righteousness, faithful city” (Isaiah 1:26). This will be manifested with the restoration of the Sanhedrin and their system of halachic justice. as before and our counselors as at first. Remove from us sorrow and sighing,33Few evils are the source of deeper grief and suffering than the absence of justice. With the restoration of justice, our sorrow and sighing will change to joy and gladness.—Avudraham and reign over us quickly You, Adonoy, alone with kindness and compassion; and make us righteous with righteousness and justice,", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, King, Lover of righteousness and justice.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, the King of Justice.", "If you mistakenly said, \"King, Lover of righteousness and justice,\" instead of \"the King of Justice\" and became aware of your mistake within the time it takes to utter the three word greeting (Sholom Aleichem Rebbe), you should immediately say \"the King of Justice.\" If you remembered after that interval, you may continue the Shemoneh Esrei since the word \"King\" was mentioned in the regular blessing.", "PRAYER FOR DIVINE RETRIBUTION", "For informers let there be no hope34This petition was added to the original Eighteen Benedictions. It was ordained by Rabban Gamliel and his Bais Din in Yavneh, according to the text of Shmuel HaKattan, its author (Maseches Berachos 28:b). It is directed against the early Christians who informed against Jews to the Roman authorities after the destruction of the Second Temple, causing them to be put to an excruciatingly painful death. and may all wickedness35Not the “wicked,” but “wickedness.” This particular prayer is based on the Talmudic interpretation of the verse, “Let sins be terminated on earth and the wicked will be no more” (Psalms 104:36). instantly perish may all Your enemies36God's enemies are the enemies of His people (see Rashi to Numbers 31:3). The internal enemies of the Jews, against whom this prayer was originally directed, disappeared within a short time. be swiftly cut off, and the insolent may You quickly uproot, crush, rout, disgrace and humbled and subdue speedily in our days. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Crusher of enemies and Subduer of the insolent.", "PRAYER FOR THE RIGHTEOUS SCHOLARS", "Upon the righteous37The prayer for the righteous follows the prayer against the wicked, following the same sequence of the Psalmist's verse, “And all the pride of the wicked, I shall cut down; exalted will be the pride of the righteous” (75:11).—Talmud, Maseches Megillah 17b, upon the pious, upon the elders of Your people the House of Israel, upon the remnant of their scholars, upon the true proselytes, and upon us, may Your mercy be aroused, Adonoy our God. Grant bountiful reward to all who trust in Your Name in truth;38As King David said, “Those knowing Your Name will trust in You” (Psalms 9:11). These men who perceive God's ways with undistorted clarity are of the highest caliber. They see God's hand guiding the world and they know with certainty that He directs all.—Avudraham, Malbim and place our lot among them, and may we never be put to shame,39The worshiper begs to be saved from the inner catastrophe of feeling that his trust in God has been in vain.—Pesher Dovor for in You we have put our trust. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Support and Trust of the righteous.", "PRAYER FOR JERUSALEM", "And to Jerusalem,40The “pride of the righteous will be exalted” in the restored city of Jerusalem. Hence in this blessing we plead for the reconstruction of Jerusalem, as it is stated, “Pray for the peace of Jerusalem; may they who love You have peace” (Psalms 122:6)—Maseches Megillah 17b Your city, return in mercy, and dwell therein as You have spoken; and rebuild it soon, in our days, as an everlasting structure, and the throne of David, Your servant may You speedily establish therein. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Builder of Jerusalem.", "PRAYER FOR SALVATION", "The sprout of David,41The prayer for the Messiah, descendant of David, follows the prayer for Jerusalem, following the sequence of Hosea's prophecy (3:5), “Afterward, the Children of Israel will return to Jerusalem and seek Adonoy their God, and David their King “—Masechcs Megillah 18a Your servant, speedily cause to flourish and exalt his power with Your deliverance, For Your deliverance we hope all day. and watch for Your deliverance. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who causes to sprout the power of salvation.", "PRAYER FOR ACCEPTANCE", "Merciful Father Hear our voice, Adonoy, our God;42The last of the intermediate benedictions petitions God to answer all our preceding prayers. spare us and have compassion on us, and accept our prayers compassionately and willingly, for You are Almighty Who hears prayers and supplications; and from Your Presence, our King, do not turn us away empty-handed,43At this point, the worshiper may add any private petition, and ask God's help for himself, for his household, or for his community. be gracious and answer us and hear our prayer* for You hear the prayers of every mouth of Your people, Israel, with compassion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who hears prayers.", "PRAYER FOR RETURN OF DIVINE SERVICE", "Be pleased,44The three concluding benedictions are known as the benedictions of thanksgiving. They consist of prayers for the re-establishment of God's service at Jerusalem; thanksgiving for God's daily wonders in our behalf; and a prayer for peace and prosperity. Adonoy, our God, with Your people Israel and pay need to their prayer;45In the previous blessings the first person was used: “Heal us,” “Have mercy on us,” whereas here the third person is used: “Their prayer,” “Accept their prayer.” In order to achieve a level in which we will be a source of pleasure to God, we must possess greater merit than what we as individuals can claim. We therefore ask God to take pleasure in the entire people of Israel among whom there are pious and righteous individuals who possess great merit, and we ask Him to accept “their prayer” with love and satisfaction.—Siach Yitzchok and restore the service to the Holy of Holies in Your abode, and the fire-offerings46The prayer “Be pleased” in a different form was recited by the Kohanim (priests) every day following the morning fire-offering.—Maseches Berachos 11b of Israel; and accept their prayer, lovingly and willingly. And may You always find pleasure with the service of Your people, Israel.", "On regular weekdays continue, \"And may our eyes\". On Rosh Chodesh and on Chol HaMoed, the following prayer is added:", "Our God and God of our fathers, may there ascend, come, and reach, appear, be desired, and heard, counted and recalled our remembrance and reckoning; the remembrance of our fathers; the remembrance of the Messiah the son of David, Your servant; the remembrance of Jerusalem, city of Your Sanctuary; and the remembrance of Your entire people, the House of Israel, before You for survival, for well-being, for favor, kindliness, compassion, for good life and peace on this day of:", "Rosh Chodesh", "the Festival of Matzos", "the Festival of Sukkos", "Remember us Adonoy, our God, on this day for well-being; be mindful of us on this day for blessing, and deliver us for good life. In accord with the promise of deliverance and compassion, spare us and favor us, have compassion on us and deliver us; for to You our eyes are directed because You are the Almighty Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "And may our eyes behold47We pray for the privilege of witnessing the visible revelation of the Divine Presence as it appeared to the prophets, to the pious, and to all who were delivered from Egypt.—Kuzari Your merciful return to Zion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion.", "THANKSGIVING", "At the words, We are thankful, bend forward; at Adonoy return to an upright position.", "We are thankful to You48Here you should bow in gratitude, as if standing before the Divine Presence, and say, “We are thankful to You.” The Jews always bowed when they perceived the Divine Presence..—Kuzari that You Adonoy are our God and the God of our fathers forever; Rock of our lives, the Shield of our deliverance, You are in every generation. We will give thanks to You and recount Your praise, for our lives which are committed into Your hand, and for our souls which are entrusted to You,49Here we thank God for returning our souls each morning, after having “entrusted” them to Him all night.—Eitz Yosef and for Your miracles of every day with us, and for Your wonders and benefactions at all times— evening, morning and noon.50This phrase concludes the earlier declaration, “We will give thanks to You and recount Your praise ... evening, morning, and noon .”—Iyun Tefillalh (You are) The Beneficent One— for Your compassion is never withheld; And (You are) the Merciful One— for Your kindliness never ceases; for we have always placed our hope in You.", "(On Chanukah and Purim the following prayer is added. If you omitted it, you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei. If, however, you became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you should say it at that time, and conclude by saying, \"וְעַל כֻּלָּם, and for all the foregoing.\")", "[We thank You] for the miracles for the redemption, for the mighty deeds, for the deliverances, for the wonders for the consolations and for the wars that You performed for our fathers in those days at this season.", "On Chanukah:", "In the days of Matisyahu, son of Yochanan the High Priest, the Hasmonean and his sons, when the evil Greek kingdom rose up against Your people Israel to make them forget Your Torah52This refers to rationally conceived laws. S.R. Hirsch comments: The Greeks knew that the key to the Jewish religion is the Torah. If Torah were forgotten, the decline of ritual observance would be inevitable and rapid. Thus, they concentrated first on causing Torah to be forgotten, knowing that the deterioration of religious observance would swiftly follow. and to turn them away from the statutes of Your will— You, in Your abundant mercy, stood by them in their time of distress, You defended their cause, You judged their grievances, You avenged them. You delivered the mighty into the hands of the weak, many into the hands of the few, defiled people into the hands of the undefiled, the wicked into the hands of the righteous, and insolent [sinners] into the hands of diligent students of Your Torah. And You made Yourself a great and sanctified name in Your world. And for Your people, Israel, You performed a great deliverance and redemption unto this very day. Afterwards, Your sons entered the Holy of Holies of Your Abode, cleaned Your Temple, purified Your Sanctuary, and kindled lights in the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary, and designated these eight days of Chanukah to thank and praise Your great Name.", "On Purim:", "In the days of Mordechai and Esther in Shushan the Capital [of Persia], when the evil Haman rose up against them, he sought to destroy, to kill, and to annihilate all the Jews, young and old, infants and women, in one day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar, and to plunder their wealth53The usual procedure of those times was that all the wealth of executed people reverted to the monarch. In contrast to the norm, Haman decreed that Jewish possessions would be free for all to enjoy. He did this to provide added incentive to the populace who might have hesitated to kill Jews if they had nothing to gain.— And You, in Your abundant mercy, annulled his counsel, frustrated his intention, and brought his evil plan upon his own head, and they hanged him and his sons upon the gallows.", "And for all the foregoing blessed, exalted and extolled your Name, our King constantly, forever and ever.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, add:", "Inscribe for a good life all the children of Your covenant.", "If you forget to say this, you need not go back and repeat it. If you became aware of the omission before concluding the blessing, you can say it at that time.", "And all the living shall thank You forever and praise and bless Your great Name with sincerity forever; for You are goodness— the Almighty, Who is our deliverance and our help forever— the benevolent Almighty. Blessed are You, Adonoy, The Beneficent is Your Name and You it is fitting to praise.", "PRAYER FOR PEACE", "Grant peace,56Since the Birkas Kohanim concludes with a blessing for peace, this concluding blessing is a restatement of the last benediction in the form of a congregational prayer.—Pesher Dovor goodness, and blessing, life favor, kindness and compassion upon us and upon all Israel, Your people. Bless us, our Father, all of us as one with the light of Your countenance. For by the light of Your countenance You gave us Adonoy our God, a Torah of life and the love of kindliness,57One of the most important mitzvos of the “Torah of Life” is the mitzvah of doing kindness. But it is incomplete unless there is a love of kindliness in the heart which precedes the act of kindliness.—Pesher Dovor righteousness, blessing, compassion, life, and peace. And may it be good in Your sight to bless us and to bless Your people Israel, at all times and at every moment with Your peace (with much strength and peace).", "During the Ten Days of Penitence continue here:", "In the book of life, blessing, peace and abundant maintenance, good decrees, salvations and condolences, may we be remembered and inscribed before You; we and all Your people, the House of Israel for a good life and peace.", "If you forget to say this you need not go back and repeat it.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who blesses His people Israel with peace.", "May they be acceptable the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart, before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "My God, guard my tongue from evil58This prayer was the personal meditation of Mar the son of Ravina, which he recited after he completed his prayers (Maseches Berachos 17a), and it is therefore expressed in the singular. The Jew prays that his mouth, his tongue, and his lips, which have just served as the instruments for his communion with God, will not forfeit any of their moral purity in his dealings with his fellow men—Yaavetz and my lips from speaking deceitfully. To those who curse me, may my soul be unresponsive; and let my soul be like dust to all. Open my heart to Your Torah and let my soul pursue Your commandments.59May I have an open, receptive and understanding mind and spirit in the study of Torah. When it comes to mitzvos, let my soul know no indifference, indolence, or passivity. Let me demonstrate zealous and vigorous endeavor in all things pertaining to Your mitzvos.—Etz Yosef; S.R. Hirsch And all who plan evil against me, quickly annul their counsel and frustrate their intention. (May it be Your will Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers, that no person be envious of me and that I not be envious of others, that I not be brought to anger this day, and that I not cause Your anger; and save me from the evil inclination, and help me be humble and any modest. Our King and our Father, unify Your Name in Your world, rebuild Your city, establish Your house and perfect your sanctuary. Gather our exiles, redeem Your people, rejoice Your congregation). Act for the sake of Your Name. Act for the sake of Your right hand. Act for the sake of Your Torah. Act for the sake of Your holiness. In order that Your loved ones be released, deliver [with] Your right hand and answer me. May they be acceptable the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart, before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He make peace upon us and upon all Israel and say Amein.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and the God of our Fathers that the Holy Temple be rebuilt speedily in our days, and grant us our share in Your Torah. And there we will serve You reverently as in the days of old, and in earlier years. And let Adonoy be pleased with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem as in the days of old and in earlier years.", "On weekday nights, the Chazzan continues with Whole-Kaddish. On Saturday night, the Chazzan says Half-Kaddish, and the Congregation continues with וִיהִי נֹֽעַם and וְאַתָּה קָדוֹשׁ below. If a Festival occurs on a weekday of the new week, the Chazzan instead says Whole-Kaddish and וִיהִי נֹֽעַם/וְאַתָּה קָדוֹשׁ are omitted. On PURIM, the Megillah is read here, followed by (וִיהִי נֹֽעַם and) וְאַתָּה קָדוֹשׁ below. On TISHA B’AV, Eichah and Kinos are said, followed by וְאַתָּה קָדוֹשׁ.", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be acceptance of the prayers and supplications of the entire House of Israel before their Father in heaven. And say, Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "In Israel, most who follow Nusach Sefard say Psalm 121:", "A Song of Ascents. I will lift my eyes to the mountains: from where will my help come? My help comes from Adonoy, Maker of heaven and earth. He will not let your foot slip, He will not slumber—your Guardian. Behold, He does not slumber nor does He sleep—the Guardian of Israel! Adonoy is your Guardian, Adonoy is your shelter at your right hand. By day the sun will not smite you, nor the moon at night. Adonoy will guard you from all evil; He will preserve your soul. Adonoy will guard your going and coming, from now and forever.", "Mourner's Kaddish.", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming if His Messiah in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, and say, Amen.", "Chazzan: Blessed Adonoy, who is blessed.", "Congregation: Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed, forever and ever.", "It is our obligation to praise the Master of all, to ascribe greatness to the Creator of the [world in the] beginning: that He has not made us like the nations of the lands, and has not positioned us like the families of the earth; that He has not assigned our portion like theirs, nor our lot like that of all their multitudes. For they prostrate themselves to vanity and nothingness, and pray to a god that cannot deliver. But we bow, prostrate ourselves, and offer thanks before the Supreme King of kings, the Holy One blessed is He, Who spreads the heavens, and establishes the earth, and the Seat of His glory is in heaven above, and the abode of His invincible might is in the loftiest heights. He is our God, there is nothing else. Our King is true, all else is insignificant, as it is written in His Torah: “And you shall know this day and take into your heart that Adonoy is God in the heavens above and upon the earth below; there is nothing else.”", "We therefore put our hope in You, Adonoy our God, to soon behold the glory of Your might in banishing idolatry from the earth and the false gods will be utterly exterminated to perfect the world as the kingdom of Shadai. And all mankind will invoke Your Name, to turn back to You, all the wicked of the earth. They will realize and know, all the inhabitants of the world, that to You, every knee must bend, every tongue must swear [allegiance to You]. Before You, Adonoy, our God, they will bow and prostrate themselves, and to the glory of Your Name give honor. And they will all accept [upon themselves] the yoke of Your kingdom, and You will reign over them, soon, forever and ever. For the kingdom is Yours, and to all eternity You will reign in glory, as it is written in Your Torah: “Adonoy will reign forever and ever.” And it is said: “And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.”", "Do not fear sudden terror nor the destruction of the wicked when it comes. Take counsel together and it will be foiled speak the word and it will not stand for God is with us. To your old age I am [with you], to your older years I will sustain you, I have made you, and I will carry you, I will sustain you and save you.", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein." ], "Motzaei Shabbat": [ "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May the pleasantness of my Master our God be upon us, and the work of our hands established for us, and the work of our hands—establish it.", "He who dwells in the shelter of the Supreme One, under the protection of Shadai he will abide. I say of Adonoy, [He is] my refuge and my stronghold, my God in Whom I trust. For He will save you from the snare-trap, from destructive pestilence. With His wings He will cover you and beneath His wings, you will find refuge; His truth is a shield, a full shield. You will not fear the terror of night, nor the arrow that flies by day. The pestilence that prowls in darkness, nor the deadly plague that ravages at noon. A thousand will fall at your [left] side, and ten thousand at your [right] side but it shall not come near you. Only with your eyes will you behold and see the punishment of the wicked. For you [have proclaimed]: “Adonoy is my refuge,” the Supreme One you have made your dwelling. No evil shall befall you, and no plague shall come near your tent. For His angels He will command on your behalf— to guard you in all your ways. They will carry you upon their hands, lest you hurt your foot on a rock. You will tread upon lion and snake, you will trample young lion and serpent. Because he clings to Me with desire, I will save him; I will strengthen him, for he knows My Name. When he calls upon Me, I will answer him; I am with him in distress, I will free him and honor him. I will satiate him with longevity, and will let him see My deliverance. I will satiate him with longevity, and will let him see My deliverance.", "And You, Holy One, are enthroned upon the praises of Israel. And [the angels] call one to another and say:", "“Holy, holy, holy is Adonoy of Hosts: the fullness of all the earth is His glory.”", "And they receive [sanction] one from another, and say, “Holy in the highest heights of heaven, the abode of His Divine Presence; holy upon earth, the work of His mighty power; holy forever and to all eternity— is Adonoy of Hosts; the whole earth is filled with the radiance of His glory.”", "And a wind lifted me; and I heard behind me the sound of a great rushing;", "“Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from His place.”", "“And a wind lifted me and I heard behind me a sound of a great rushing of those who uttered praises and said, “Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from the place, the abode of His Divine Presence.” Adonoy will reign forever and ever. Adonoy, His kingdom is established forever and to all eternity. Adonoy, God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, our fathers, keep this forever as the intention of the hearts of Your people, and direct their hearts to You. And He, the merciful One, atons iniquity and does ot destroy; He frequently withdraws His anger and does not arouse all His rage. For You, my Master, are good and forgiving, and abounding in kindness to all who call upon You. Your righteousness is everlasting and Your Torah is truth. You will grant truth to Jacob kindliness to Abraham, as You have sworn to our fathers from the days of old. Blessed is my Master day by day; He loads us, the Almighty Who is our deliverance, forever. Adonoy of Hosts is with us a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob, selah. Adonoy of Hosts, fortunate is the man who trusts in You. Adonoy, deliver [us]; the King will answer us on the day we call. Blessed is He, our God, Who created us for His glory, and set us apart from those who go astray; and gave us the Torah of truth, and eternal life He implanted within us. May He open our heart to His Torah, and instill in our heart love and awe of Him, to do His will and serve Him with a perfect heart, so that we shall not labor in vain nor bring forth that which causes dismay. May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, that we keep Your statutes in this world, and [thus] be privileged to live and behold, and to inherit the goodness and blessing of the Messianic days and in the life of the World to Come. In order that my soul sing to You and not be stilled; Adonoy, my God, forever will I thank You. Blessed is the man who trusts in Adonoy, so that Adonoy is his security. Trust in Adonoy until the end of days, for in God, Adonoy, is the strength of the worlds. Those who know your Name will trust in You, for You have never forsaken those who seek You, Adonoy. Adonoy desired, for the sake of His righteousness, to make the Torah great and to glorify it.", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be acceptance of the prayers and supplications of the entire House of Israel before their Father in heaven. And say, Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "It is our obligation to praise the Master of all, to ascribe greatness to the Creator of the [world in the] beginning: that He has not made us like the nations of the lands, and has not positioned us like the families of the earth; that He has not assigned our portion like theirs, nor our lot like that of all their multitudes. For they prostrate themselves to vanity and nothingness, and pray to a god that cannot deliver. But we bow, prostrate ourselves, and offer thanks before the Supreme King of kings, the Holy One blessed is He, Who spreads the heavens, and establishes the earth, and the Seat of His glory is in heaven above, and the abode of His invincible might is in the loftiest heights. He is our God, there is nothing else. Our King is true, all else is insignificant, as it is written in His Torah: “And you shall know this day and take into your heart that Adonoy is God in the heavens above and upon the earth below; there is nothing else.”", "We therefore put our hope in You, Adonoy our God, to soon behold the glory of Your might in banishing idolatry from the earth and the false gods will be utterly exterminated to perfect the world as the kingdom of Shadai. And all mankind will invoke Your Name, to turn back to You, all the wicked of the earth. They will realize and know, all the inhabitants of the world, that to You, every knee must bend, every tongue must swear [allegiance to You]. Before You, Adonoy, our God, they will bow and prostrate themselves, and to the glory of Your Name give honor. And they will all accept [upon themselves] the yoke of Your kingdom, and You will reign over them, soon, forever and ever. For the kingdom is Yours, and to all eternity You will reign in glory, as it is written in Your Torah: “Adonoy will reign forever and ever.” And it is said: “And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.”", "Do not fear sudden terror nor the destruction of the wicked when it comes. Take counsel together and it will be foiled speak the word and it will not stand for God is with us. To your old age I am [with you], to your older years I will sustain you, I have made you, and I will carry you, I will sustain you and save you.", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein." ], "Sefirat HaOmer": [ "The Omer is counted from the second night of Pesach until the night before Shavuos. The counting of forty-nine days (seven weeks) between the Festival of Pesach and Shavuos (the Feast of Weeks), connects the exodus from Egypt with the festival of the giving of the Torah. Just as one who awaits a most intimate friend on a certain day counts the days in eager anticipation of his arrival, so do we count the days from our liberation till the day we receive the Torah, which is the culmination and fulfillment of our freedom. It is proper to count the Omer at the beginning of the night, usually after the Maariv Service, and the Omer should be counted while standing.", "", "I am prepared and ready to perform the affirmative command to count the Omer, as is written in the Torah: “And you shall count for yourselves, from the day after the day of rest, from the day you bring the omer as the wave-offering, seven complete weeks shall there be; until the day following the seventh week shall you count fifty days; and you shall bring a new meal-offering unto Adonoy.” Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to count the Omer. May the pleasantness of my Master our God be upon us, and the work of our hands established for us, and the work of our hands—establish it.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to count the Omer.", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "The Merciful One, may He return for us the service of the Beis Hamikdash in its place speedily in our days, Amein, Selah.", "To Him, Who grants victory:1Psalm 67 is recited because the seven verses which follow the introductory verse contain 49 words corresponding to the seven weeks (49 days) that link Pesach to the giving of the Torah on Shavuos. a psalm with instrumental music, a song. [May] God favor us and bless us, [may He] cause His countenance to shine among us forever; [so] that Your way become known on earth, [and] Your deliverance among all nations. Peoples will thank You, God, all the peoples will thank You. Nations will rejoice and sing when You judge the peoples justly, and lead the nations upon the earth forever. Peoples will thank You, God, all the peoples will thank You. The earth will have yielded its produce; God, our God, will have blessed us. God will bless us, and they will fear Him— all [men even from] the ends of the earth.", "Please, by the force of Your great right hand, release the bound one.", "Accept the prayer of Your people; strengthen us, purify us, awesome One!", "Please mighty One— those who seek Your unity— preserve them like the apple [of Your eye.]", "Bless them, purify them, have mercy on them; Your benevolent righteousness [may You] always bestow upon them.", "Mighty, Holy One in Your abundant goodness lead Your community.", "Unique One, Exalted, turn to Your people who are mindful of Your holiness.", "Accept our prayer and hear our cry, [You] Who knows hidden thoughts.", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious Kingdom is forever and ever.", "Master of the universe, You commanded us through the hands of Your servant, Moses, to count the Omer in order to purify us from our evil and defilement. As You have written in Your Torah: And you shall count for yourselves, from the day after the day of rest, from the day you bring the omer as the wave-offering, seven complete weeks, shall there be; until the day following the seventh week shall you count fifty days, in order to cleanse the souls of Your people Israel from their impurities. ", "Therefore, may it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, that in the merit of the Omer which I counted today, may any defect I have caused be rectified. May I be purified and sanctified with sublime holiness, and thereby may abundant bounty be bestowed upon all the worlds. May it rectify our being, our spirit and our souls from every baseness and defect, and may it purify us and sanctify us with Your sublime holiness. Amen, Selah." ] }, "Kiddush Levanah": [], "Bedtime Shema": [ "Master of the universe! I hearby forgive anyone who has angered me, or sinned against me, either physically or financially, against my honor or anything that is mine, whether accidentally or intentionally, inadvertently or deliberately, by speech or by deed, in this incarnation or in any other any Israelite [is forgiven], may no man be punished on my account. May it be Your will, Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers, that I shall sin no more nor repeat my sins, neither shall I again anger You nor do what is wrong in Your eyes. The sins I have committed, erase in your abounding mercies, but not through suffering or severe illnesses. May they be acceptable the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart, before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe, Who causes the fetters of sleep to fall upon my eyes, and slumber upon my eyelids. And illuminates the pupil of the eye. May it be Your will, Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers to make me lie down in peace, and to raise me (again) to good life and peace, and grant me my portion in Your Torah, make us accustomed to do Your commands, and let us not become accustomed to sin, Do not bring us into the grasp of sin, Do not cause us to be tested, or brought to disgrace. May I be ruled by the Good Inclination and let me not be ruled over by the Evil Inclination. Protect me from Satan, from an evil mishap and from illnesses. Let my thoughts not terrify me— nor evil dreams or evil fancies (disturb me), and may my bed be perfect before You.1The word “bed” is used here figuratively for one’s future generations. See Rashi to Genesis 47:31; It was said of our forefather Jacob that “his bed was perfect: indicating that all his offspring were pure and steadfast.—Iyun T’filoh And light up my eyes lest I sleep the sleep of death, Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who illuminates the whole world with His glory.", "If one has prayed Ma'ariv and with it recited Sh'ma earlier than the ideal time for the evening Sh'ma, he should repeat all of it here. Some people have the custom of reciting all three paragraphs here every night.", "Almighty, faithful King", "Hear, Israel Adonoy is our God Adonoy is One", "The following three lines are to be said silently:", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious Kingdom is forever and ever.", "And you shall love Adonoy, your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your possessions. And these words which I command you today shall be upon your heart. And you shall teach them sharply to your children, and you shall discuss them when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall bind them for a sign upon your hand, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways.", "May the pleasantness of my Master, our God, be upon us,2In this closing sentence of Psalm 90, Moses prays that the Divine Presence rest on the Jewish nation exclusively. and the work3David prays first that the service Jewry performs in the Sanctuary, the sacrificial offerings, and the general performance of mitzvos be willingly accepted by God. Then he prays that even the work we do for our own needs be acceptable before Gold.—Iyun T’Filoh of our hands establish for us and the work4The first mention of work refers to the actual endeavors of our hands, whereas the second mention of work refers to what was achieved by our hands.—Iyun Tefilloh of our hands may He establish.", "He who dwells in the shelter of the Supreme One, under the protection of Shadai He will abide. I say of Adonoy, [He is] my refuge and my stronghold, my God in Whom I trust. For He will save you from the snare-trap, from destructive pestilence. With His wings He will cover you and beneath His wings, you will find refuge; His truth is a shield, a full shield. You will not fear the terror of night, nor the arrow that flies by day, the pestilence that prowls in darkness, nor the deadly plague that ravages at noon. A thousand will fall at your [left] side, and ten thousand at your [right] side but it5“It” refers to “arrow,” “pestilence,” and “plague” of the previous verse. shall not come near you. Only with your eyes will you behold and see the punishment of the wicked.6You will only see the destruction but you will not be harmed by it. For you [have proclaimed]: Adonoy is my refuge, the Supreme One you have made your dwelling No evil shall befall you, and no plague shall come near your tent. For His angels He will command on your behalf— to guard you in all your ways. They will carry you upon their hands, lest you hurt your foot on a rock. You will tread upon lion and snake, you will trample young lion and serpent. Because he clings to Me with desire, I will save him; I will strengthen him, for he knows My Name. When he calls upon Me, I will answer him; I am with him in distress, I will free him and honor him. I will satiate him with longevity, and will let him see My deliverance. I will satiate him with longevity and will let him see My deliverance.", "(Psalms 3:2-9) Adonoy, how many are my tormentors;7Psalm 3 was sung by David when, at the age of 65, he had to flee his son Absalom. many rise up against me. Many say of my soul: There is no deliverance for him through God, forever. But You, Adonoy, are a shield for me; my glory and Raiser of my head. With my voice, I call out to Adonoy, and He answers me from His holy mountain, forever. I lay down and slept; I awake for Adonoy supports me. I fear not the tens of thousands of people deployed against me from every side. Rise Adonoy, deliver me, my God, for You have struck all my enemies8David is confident of God’s help, because God has always smitten his enemies.—Radak on the cheek; You have broken the teeth of the wicked. Deliverance is Adonoy's; upon Your people is Your blessing, selah.", "Adonoy, our God, make us lie down in peace, our King, raise us [again] to good life and peace. Spread over us the shelter of Your peace, and direct us to better ourselves through Your good counsel; and deliver us speedily for Your Name's sake. Shield us, and remove from us enemies, pestilence, sword, famine and sorrow. Remove the adversary from before us and from behind us, and in the shadow of Your wings shelter us. For You are the Almighty Who is our protector and rescuer. For You are the Almighty Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful. Guard our going out and our coming in for life and peace from now, forever.", "Blessed is Adonoy by day, Blessed is Adonoy by night. Blessed is Adonoy when we lie down Blessed is Adonoy when we rise. For in Your hand are the souls of the living and the dead, (as it is written): For in His hand is the soul of every living thing and the spirit of every human being. In Your hand, I commit my spirit; You have liberated me, Adonoy, Almighty of truth. Our God in heaven, reveal the unity of Your Name, preserve Your kingdom always, and reign over us forever and ever.", "May our eyes behold, may our heart rejoice and our soul exalt in Your true deliverance, when it will be said to Zion: Your God has begun His reign Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King, Adonoy will reign forever and ever For the Kingdom is Yours and to all eternity, You will reign in glory, for we have no king except You.", "The angel who redeemed me from all evil9These are the words used by Jacob when he blessed Joseph, and his sons Ephraim and Menashe.—Genesis 48:16 May he bless the lads; and may they be called by my name and the names of my fathers, Abraham and Isaac; and may they multiply like fish within the land.", "And He said, \"If you will diligently heed the voice of Adonoy, your God, and do what is upright in His eyes, and listen carefully to His commandments, and guard all His statutes— [then] every sickness that I put in Egypt, I will not put upon you, for I am Adonoy, your Healer.10Exodus 15:26", "And Adonoy said to Satan: Adonoy rebukes you, Satan, Adonoy rebukes you, He Who chose Jerusalem; for is this one not a firebrand plucked out of the fire?11Zechariah 3:2", "Behold the bed of Solomon! Sixty mighty men [are set] around it, of the mighty men of Israel. All of them armed with swords, trained in warfare; each man has his sword at his side, because of the dread of the night.12Song of Songs 3:7-8", "Each unit is said three times:", "Adonoy bless you and guard you! Adonoy shine His countenance upon you and be gracious unto You! Adonoy turn His countenance toward you and grant you peace!13Numbers 6:24-26", "Behold, He neither slumbers nor sleeps! the Guardian of Israel.14Psalms 121:4", "For your deliverance, I hope, Adonoy;15Genesis 49:18 I hope, Adonoy, for Your deliverance; Adonoy, for Your deliverance I hope.", "In the Name of Adonoy, God of Israel: at my right [hand] Michael, at my left [hand] Gabriel, before me Uriel, behind me Raphael, and above my head, the Presence of Almighty.", "A song of ascents Fortunate are all who fear Adonoy, who walk in His ways. When you eat of the toil of your hands you are fortunate and it is good with you. Your wife will be like a fruitful vine in the innermost parts of your house; your children like olive plants around your table. Behold! thus shall be blessed the man who fears Adonoy. Adonoy bless you from Zion! and [may you] see the good of Jerusalem all the days of your life! May you [live to] see your children's children! Peace upon Israel!16Psalms 128", "To be said three times:", "Tremble and do not sin; commune with your hearts upon your bed, and be silent, selah!17Psalms 4:5", "Master of the Universe Who reigned before any creature was created.", "At the time when all was made by His will, then was His Name proclaimed King.", "And after all things shall cease to be the Awesome One will reign alone.", "He was, He is, and He shall be in glory.", "He is One, and there is no second to compare to Him, to associate [with Him].", "Without beginning, without end, power and dominion are His.", "He is my God and my ever-living Redeemer, the Rock of my destiny in times of distress.", "He is my flag and my refuge; He is the portion of my cup on the day I call.", "Into His hand I entrust my spirit [both] when I sleep and when I awaken.", "And with my spirit my body [too], Adonoy is with me, I shall not fear." ], "Lag BaOmer Songs": { "Amar Rabbi Akiva": [], "Ashreinu Ma Tov": [], "Ashreinu Uma Naim": [], "Bar Yochai": [], "Bar Yochai Butzina Kadisha": [], "Bar Yochai Hashem Imcha": [], "Bar Yochai Yesod Olam": [], "Bar Yochai Tagel Yoladetecha": [], "Va'amartem Ko Lechai": [], "Lichvod HaTanna": [], "Naaleh V'Navo": [] }, "Various Blessings": { "Marriage Blessings": [ "", "", "", "", "The following berachos are said under the marriage canopy", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe Who creates the fruit of the vine.", "", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe Who has sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us regarding forbidden sexual relationships and forbade to us betrothed women, and permitted to us [those women] who are married to us by means of the chupah and consecration. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who sanctified His people Israel through the chupah and consecration.", "Both the groom and the bride drink from the cup. The groom then consecrates his bride to him with a ring, in the presence of two appropriate witnesses, and says:", "You are hereby consecrated to me with this ring according to the rite of Moses and Israel.", "The kesubah (marriage contract) is read, after which the groom presents it to the bride. A second cup of wine is poured, and the following \"Seven Berachos\" are recited." ], "Sheva Berachot": [ "1. Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe Who creates the fruit of the vine.", "After Birkas Hamazon the \"Seven Berachos\" begin here, and are followed by number 1 above.", "2. Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe Who created everything for His glory.", "3. Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe Former of man.", "4. Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe Who formed man (Adam) in His image, in the image of His likeness; and fashioned for him out of his very self a building (a wife: Eve) for eternity. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Former of Man.", "5. May the barren one1The barren one refers to Jerusalem. be happy and exult with the ingathering of her children into her midst with joy. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who gladdens Zion through her children.", "6. Grant abundant joy to these beloved companions, as You gladdened Your created being in the Garden of Eden of old. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who gladdens groom and bride.", "7. Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe, Who created happiness and joy, groom and bride, exultation, song, pleasure, delight, love, brotherhood, peace and companionship. Soon, Adonoy, our God, may there be heard in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem the sound of happiness and the sound of joy, the sound of the groom and sound of the bride, the sound of grooms' jubilation from their chupah, and of the youths from their feasts of song. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who gladdens the groom with the bride." ], "Circumcision": [ "", "Upon the arrival of the child, all those present at the service rise and say:", "Blessed is he that comes!", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "The Mohel takes the child, and placing it upon a designated seat which is called the Throne of Elijah and he says:", "This is the Throne of Elijah, may he be remembered for good.", "", "For Your deliverance I have hoped, Adonoy. I have longed for Your deliverance, Adonoy; and I have fulfilled Your commandments. Elijah, messenger of the circumcision! Behold, yours is now before you, stand at my right hand and support me. I have longed for Your deliverance. I am happy with Your word like one who finds great gain. Great is the peace of those who love Your Torah, and there is no stumbling for them. Fortunate is he whom You choose and bring near, that he may dwell in Your courts.", "All those present respond:", "May we be satisfied with the goodness of Your House, the holy place of Your Sanctuary.", "Before the Mohel performs the circumcision, the father of the child says:", "Behold, I am prepared and ready to fulfill the positive commandment commanded me by the Creator, blessed is He, to circumcise my son.", "The Mohel takes the child and proclaims:", "The Holy One, blessed is He, said to our father, Abraham, Walk before me and be perfect. Behold, I am prepared and ready to fulfill the positive commandment that the Creator, blessed is He, commanded us to circumcise.", "", "The Mohel places the child upon the knees of the Sandek, and before performing the actual circumcision, he says:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments, and commanded us concerning the circumcision.", "As the Mohel performs the act of circumcision the father of the child says:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments, and commanded us to bring him into the covenant of our father, Abraham.", "", "All those present proclaim:", "Amein! Even as he has entered into the covenant, so may he enter into the [study of] Torah, chupah [the nuptial canopy], and good deeds.", "One of the distinguished relatives or guests is given the honor of reciting the following Berachos:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who creates the fruit of the vine.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified [Isaac] the beloved one, from birth, and set Your statute in his flesh, and sealed his offspring with the sign of the holy covenant. Therefore, on this account, living Almighty, our Portion, our Rock, give the command to rescue the beloved soul within our flesh from destruction, for the sake of His covenant that He has set in our flesh. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Maker of the covenant.", "Our God and God of our fathers, preserve this child to his father and his mother, and let his name be called in Israel (the child's Hebrew name) son of (father's Hebrew name). May his father rejoice in his offspring and may his mother exult in the fruit of her womb; as it is written: Let your father and your mother rejoice, and let her who gave birth to you exult.1Proverbs 23:25. And it is said: And I passed by you and saw you staggering in your blood, ‘and I said to you, In your blood live!' ‘And I said to you, in your blood live!'2Ezekiel 16:6. And it is said: He remembered His covenant forever, the word which He commanded to a thousand generations. Which He made as a treaty with Abraham, and which was His oath to Isaac. And He established it for Jacob as a statute, for Israel as an everlasting covenant.3Psalms 105:8-10. And it is said: Abraham circumcised his son Isaac when he was eight days old, as God had commanded him.4Genesis 21:4. Thank Adonoy for He is good, for His kindness endures forever. Thank Adonoy, for He is good, for His kindness endures forever. This little child— (child's Hebrew name) son of (father's Hebrew name) may he become great. Even as he entered into the covenant, so may he enter into the [study of] Torah, chupah [the nuptial canopy] and good deeds.", "The person who recited the Berachos drinks some wine, and the Mohel blesses the child:", "He who blessed our fathers, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, may He bless this tender, circumcised child (child's Hebrew name) son of (father's Hebrew name) and grant him a complete recovery, because he has entered into the covenant. And even as he has entered into the covenant, so may he enter into the [study of] Torah, chupah [the nuptial canopy] and good deeds. And let us [all] say Amein.", "The Mohel and the father of the child recite this prayer:", "Master of the Universe, may it be Your will that he be considered and regarded favorably, and accepted before You, as though I had offered him before the Throne of Your Glory. And May You in Your abundant mercy send through Your holy angels a holy and pure soul to my son (Child's Hebrew name) son of (father's Hebrew name) who was now circumcised for Your great Name. And may his heart be as open as the Temple entrance, to be receptive to Your holy Torah, to learn it, to teach it, to observe it and to perform [its commandments). Grant him long days, years, a life of fear of sin, a life of richness and honor, a life in which You will fulfill the wishes of his heart for good. Amein, may it so be Your will." ], "Geula LeBrit Milah": [], "Redeeming Firstborn": [ "The first born male child must be redeemed on the thirty-first day of his birth. If, however, the father is a Kohein or a Levite, or the mother a daughter of a Kohein or a Levite, they are exempt from the duty of redemption. Should the thirty-first day fall on a Shabbos or Yom Tov, the service is postponed until the next day.", "The father, presenting his child to the Kohein, makes the following declaration:", "This, my first born son, is the first issue of his mother's womb, and the Holy One, blessed is He has commanded to redeem him, as it is said: And those that are to be redeemed of them, from a month old shall you redeem them, according to your estimation, for the money of five silver shekalim, of the shekel of the Sanctuary which is equal to twenty geirah.1Numbers 18:16. And it is said: Sanctify unto me all the firstborn, whatsoever opens the womb among the Children of Israel, both of man and of beast is Mine.2Exodus 13:2.", "The father then places before the Kohein silver dollars in the amount of fiveshekalim which is equal to five silver dollars, or according to some Poskim seven silver dollars, and the Kohein asks:", "Which do you prefer, to give me your firstborn son who is the first issue of his mother's womb, or would you rather redeem him for five shekalim, as you are required to do by the Torah?", "The father replies:", "I wish to redeem my son and here is the value of his redemption which I am required to give according to the Torah.", "While holding the silver dollars, the father says these two Berachos:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us concerning the redemption of the [firstborn] son.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who has kept us alive and sustained us and brought us to this time.", "The Kohein accepts the silver dollars, and holding it over the head of the child, says:", "This is instead of that, this is in exchange for that, this is pardoned for that. May this child enter into life, into the [study of] Torah, chupah [the nuptial canopy] and good deeds. Amein.", "The Kohein places his right hand upon the head of the child and blesses him:", "May God make you as Ephraim and Menashe. Adonoy bless you and guard you. Adonoy shine His countenance upon you and be gracious unto you. Adonoy turn His countenance toward you and grant you peace. Adonoy is your guardian; Adonoy is your shelter at your right hand. For length of days and years of life and peace, will He add to you. Adonoy will guard you from all evil, He will preserve your soul.", "", "The Kohein hands the child to the father. The Kohein then takes a cup of wine and says:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who creates the fruit of the vine." ] }, "Mealtime Blessings": [], "Birchat HaMazon": { "Birchat HaMazon": [ "Psalm 137 is recited before Birkas Hamazon on weekdays in memory of the destruction of the Beis Hamikdash:", "By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat and we also wept, when we remembered Zion. Upon the willows in its midst, we hung our harps. For there our captors demanded of us words of song, and our tormentors asked of us [with] mirth; Sing to us from the song[s] of Zion. How shall we sing the song of Adonoy on alien soil? If I ever forget you, Jerusalem, may my right hand forget [its movement]. May my tongue cleave to my palate, if I remember you not; if I set not Jerusalem above my highest joy. Remember, Adonoy, to the sons of Edom the day of Jerusalem, [it was they] who said, Raze it, raze it to its very foundation. Daughter of Babylon, you are the annihilated one; fortunate is he who will repay you for all you have done to us. Fortunate is he who will take and dash your little ones against the rock.", "Psalm 126 is recited on Shabbos, Yom Tov and other festive occasions such as weddings, circumcisions or redemption of the first born.", "A Song of Ascents. When Adonoy brings about the return to Zion we will have been like dreamers.1Upon the redemption and return to Zion, the harshness of the exile will seem to the Jews like a terrible dream.—Radak
The splendor of the return to Zion will be like the realization of an impossible dream.—Seporno
Then will our mouths be filled with laughter,2In the Talmud (Maseches Berachos 31a) Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai rules that a Jew is forbidden to fill his mouth with laughter in this world until the time comes when all nations declare: “Adonoy has done great things for them”—as the verse states: אז ימלא שחוק פינו, then: only then, when God’s love for us is universally recognized, may we experience total exultation. and our tongue with joyous song. Then will they say among the nations: ‘Adonoy has done great things for them.' Adonoy had done great things for us; we will [then] rejoice. Adonoy! bring back our exiles like springs in the desert.3Just as springs of water can transform an arid desert into a fertile oasis, so will we be transformed, and flourish when God delivers us from exile.—Rashi Those who sow in tears will reap with joyous song.4A person who plants in desert-like soil is always fearful that his crops will not grow. If a spring of water should suddenly appear on his land, his joy will know no bounds. So great will our joy be at the ultimate redemption that will follow the oppression of exile.—Radak [Though] he walks along weeping, carrying the bag of seed, he will return with joyous song carrying his sheaves.", "", "", "When three or more males, aged 13 or older eat together one of them leads the group in reciting the Birkas Hamazon.", "The leader begins by saying:", "\"Gentlemen, let us say the blessing:", "The others respond:", "The Name of Adonoy will be blessed from now forever.", "The leader repeats:", "\"The Name of Adonoy will be blessed from now forever.\"", "The leader continues: (the words \"our God\" are substituted for \"Him\" and \"He\" if ten males are in the group):", "\"With your permission our masters and teachers, Let us bless (our God,) Him, for we have eaten of His bounty.\"", "The others respond accordingly:", "Blessed is (our God) He for we have eaten of His bounty and through His goodness we live.", "The leader repeats:", "\"Blessed is (our God) He for we have eaten of His bounty and through His goodness we live.\"", "If there are at least 10 men, add:", "Blessed is He and blessed is His Name.", "__________
Birchas Hamazon for Sheva Berachos", "The leader begins:", "Gentlemen, let us say the blessing.", "The others respond:", "The Name of Adonoy will be blessed from now forever.", "The leader repeats:", "The Name of Adonoy will be blessed from now forever.", "and proceeds:", "Banish sorrow and fury too and then the mute will exult in song. Guide us in the paths of righteousness. Heed the blessing of the children of Jeshurun (and) the sons of Aaron.1The blessing of the children of Jeshurun refers to the blessings recited by all Jews, whereas the blessings of the sons of Aaron refers to the special Birkas Kohanim, mentioned in Numbers, 6:24-26.", "With your permission our masters and teachers, let us bless our God, in Whose abode is joy2The phrase “in Whose abode is joy” is recited only when the meal is conducted with the decorum of sanctity, without the commingling of men and women. For there is no joy in God’s abode when commingling takes place. for we have eaten of His bounty.", "The others respond:", "Blessed is our God in Whose abode is joy for we have eaten of His bounty and through His goodness we live.", "The leader repeats:", "Blessed is our God, in Whose abode is joy [and] we have eaten of His bounty and through His goodness we live.", "FIRST BERACHA", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who nourishes the entire world with His goodness, with favor, with kindness, and with mercy.5The righteous find favor in the eyes of God and are nourished because of their merit. Those who are not so worthy and do not find favor, are provided for through God’s beneficent kindness; while even the least worthy are recipients of God’s mercy.Maharal in Nesivos Olom He provides food for all flesh,6This citation from Psalms 136:25 indicates that God’s kindness and compassion are universal, relating to all flesh, including animals.—Avudraham. for His kindness endures forever. And through His great goodness, we have never lacked and we will not lack food forever and ever, for the sake of His great Name. For He is Almighty Who nourishes7“Nourishes” refers to food, “maintains” refers to clothing and “does good” refers to shelter. These are the basic needs of man, all of which God provides.—Etz Yosef and maintains all, does good to all, and prepares nourishment for all His creatures which He has created. As it is said: You open Your hand and satisfy the desire of every living being. Blessed are You, Adonoy Who nourishes all.8The first blessing of the Birkas Hamazon was composed by Moses in appreciation for the manna which God provided for the Jews in the desert. The second blessing, beginning with “Let us thank You,” was composed by Joshua in gratitude for the privilege of entering the Promised Land. The third blessing, beginning with “Have mercy,” was composed by David who conquered Jerusalem, and by Solomon who built the Temple. The fourth blessing “Who is good and beneficent to all” was composed by Rabban Gamliel the Elder and his court in Yavneh in gratitude to God for preserving the bodies of the victims of the Roman massacre at Betar, and for being enabled to bring them to proper burial.—Maseches Berachos 48b", "SECOND BERACHA", "We thank You, Adonoy, our God, for Your parceling out as a heritage to our fathers, a land9The land is mentioned even before the Exodus from Egypt because God demonstrated His extraordinary concern for the Jewish people at the very beginning of their history; first by the promise He gave to the Patriarchs concerning the Land of Israel and then, with the fulfillment of that promise, once He redeemed them from Egypt to enter the Land.—S.R. Hirsch which is desirable, good, and spacious; for Your bringing us out, Adonoy, our God, from the land of Egypt, and redeeming us from the house of bondage; for Your covenant which You sealed in our flesh; for Your Torah10“Torah” refers to laws which are comprehensible to the human intellect; it is therefore taught. “Statutes” (חֻקִים) are beyond human understanding and are therefore merely made known to man, for man cannot comprehend them. Eyun Tefilloh which You taught us; for Your statutes which You made known to us; for the life, favor, and kindness which You granted us; and for the provision of food with which You nourish and maintain us constantly, every day, at all times and in every hour.", "On regular weekdays, continue, \"For everything\". On Chanukah and Purim add עַל הַנִּסִּים. If you forgot to say עַל הַנִּסִּים, you may include it when you reach הָרַחֲמָן by saying: הָרַחֲמָן הוּא יַעֲשֶׂה־לָּנוּ נִסִים וְנִפְלָאוֹת כְּמוֹ שֶׁעָשָׂה לַאֲבוֹתֵינוּ בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם בַּזְּמַן הַזֶּה. and then continue on Chanukah with: בִּימֵי מַתִּתְיָהוּ, and on Purim with: בִּימֵי מָרְדְּכַי וְאֶסְתֵּר. If you reminded yourself before concluding the second blessing עַל הָאָרֶץ וְעַל הַמָּזוֹן, you may repeat it at that time and continue with the Birkas Hamazon.", "[We thank You] for the miracles for the redemption, for the mighty deeds, for the deliverances, for the wonders for the consolations and for the wars that You performed for our fathers in those days at this season.", "On Chanukah:", "In the days of Matisyahu, son of Yochanan the High Priest, the Hasmonean and his sons, when the evil Greek kingdom rose up against Your people Israel to make them forget Your Torah and to turn them away from the statutes of Your will— You, in Your abundant mercy, stood by them in their time of distress, You defended their cause, You judged their grievances, You avenged them. You delivered the mighty into the hands of the weak, many into the hands of the few, defiled people into the hands of the undefiled, the wicked into the hands of the righteous, and insolent [sinners] into the hands of diligent students of Your Torah. And You made Yourself a great and sanctified name in Your world. And for Your people, Israel, You performed a great deliverance and redemption unto this very day. Afterwards, Your sons entered the Holy of Holies of Your Abode, cleaned Your Temple, purified Your Sanctuary, and kindled lights in the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary, and designated these eight days of Chanukah to thank and praise Your great Name.", "On Purim:", "In the days of Mordechai and Esther in Shushan the Capital [of Persia], when the evil Haman rose up against them, he sought to destroy, to kill, and to annihilate all the Jews, young and old, infants and women, in one day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar, and to plunder their wealth And You, in Your abundant mercy, annulled his counsel, frustrated his intention, and brought his evil plan upon his own head, and they hanged him and his sons upon the gallows.", "For everything Adonoy, our God, We thank You and bless You. Blessed be Your Name through the mouth of all the living, constantly, forever, as it is written: When You have eaten and are satisfied, You will bless Adonoy, your God, for the good land which He has given to you.11Deuteronomy 8:10 Blessed are You, Adonoy, for the land and for the food.", "THIRD BERACHA", "Have compassion, Adonoy, our God, on Israel, Your people, on Jerusalem, Your city, on Zion, the dwelling place of Your glory, on the kingship of the house of David, Your anointed; and on the great and holy House upon which Your Name is called. Our God, our Father tend us, nourish us,12“Tend us” by providing the basic necessities of life such as bread and water; “nourish” us with an enriched diet including foods such as fruits and vegetables.—Etz Yosef maintain us, sustain us, relieve us13“Maintain us” with food and shelter; “sustain us” by providing our needs on a regular basis, not on a feast or famine cycle; and “relieve us” by giving us ample means to live comfortably.—Etz Yosef and grant us relief Adonoy, our God, speedily from all our troubles. Adonoy, our God—may we never be in need of the gifts of men nor of their loans, but only of Your hand which is full, open, holy and generous, so that we may not be shamed nor humiliated14May we not be “ashamed” in this world due to poverty and may we not be “humiliated” in the World-to-Come, because of our transgressions. Poverty often brings shame which in turn might cause a person to lose faith.—Etz Yosef forever and ever.", "On regular weekdays, continue, \"Rebuild\". On Shabbos add:", "May it please You, to strengthen us Adonoy, our God, through Your commandments, and through the commandment of the seventh day, this great and holy Sabbath. For this day is great and holy before You, to refrain from work on it and to rest on it with love, as ordained by Your will. And by Your will, grant us repose Adonoy, our God, that there be no distress, sorrow, or sighing on the day of our rest.15Even though prayers for personal needs are not recited on Shabbos, this particular prayer does contain such a request, because it is so closely interwoven with the commandment to rest on Shabbos. Since we are commanded to make Shabbos a day of sacred rest, we ask that our repose not be desecrated by distress or misfortune.—Avudraham Show us Adonoy, our God, the consolation of Zion, Your city, and the rebuilding of Jerusalem, city of Your Sanctuary, for You are the Master of deliverance and the Master of consolation.", "On Rosh Chodesh and Yom Tov add:", "Our God and God of our fathers, may there ascend, come, and reach, appear, be desired, and heard, counted and recalled our remembrance and reckoning; the remembrance of our fathers; the remembrance of the Messiah the son of David, Your servant; the remembrance of Jerusalem, city of Your Sanctuary; and the remembrance of Your entire people, the House of Israel, before You for survival, for well-being, for favor, kindliness, compassion, for good life and peace on this day of:", "Rosh Chodesh", "the Festival of Matzos", "", "the Festival of Sukkos", "the Festival of Shmini Atseres", "Remembrance", "", "Remember us Adonoy, our God, on this day for well-being; be mindful of us on this day for blessing, and deliver us for good life. In accord with the promise of deliverance and compassion, spare us and favor us, have compassion on us and deliver us; for to You our eyes are directed because You are the Almighty Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "If you forgot to say רְצֵה or יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא and became aware of it before starting the fourth blessing (הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב), or even if you are in doubt, see below for the appropriate blessing. If you reminded yourself after you had already begun the fourth blessing and have said: בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה ה', then you must repeat the entire Birkas Hamazon. These laws apply only to Shabbos, and the Festival days of Pesach, Shavuos and Sukkos. On Chol Ha-Moed or on Rosh Chodesh days that do not fall on Shabbos, you need not repeat the Birkas Hamazon even though you began the blessing of הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב.", "Rebuild Jerusalem, city of the Holy Sanctuary, speedily, in our days. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Builder of Jerusalem in His mercy. Amein.16It is unusual for one to answer Amein after his own blessing. This blessing ends with Amein because it marks the end of the three blessings, authority for which is derived from Deuteronomy (8:10) and separates them from the next blessing which is Rabbinic in origin.—Maseches Berachos 45b", "FOURTH BERACHA", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, the Almighty, our Father, our King, our Mighty One, our Creator, our Redeemer, our Maker, our Holy One, Holy One of Jacob, our Shepherd, Shepherd of Israel, the King, Who is good and beneficent to all. Every single day He has done good, does good, and will do good to us. He has rewarded us, He rewards us, He will reward us forever with favor, kindness, and compassion, relief, rescue, and success, blessing, deliverance, and consolation, maintenance, sustenance, compassion, life, peace, and everything good; and of all good things may He never deprive us.17Many people are granted the bounties of life but are unable to enjoy them. We first invoke God’s blessing for all the good things in life and then ask Him to grant us the privilege of enjoying them.—Iyun Tefilloh.", "The Merciful One will reign over us forever and ever.", "The Merciful One will be blessed in heaven and on earth.", "The Merciful One will be praised for all generations, He will be glorified through us forever and for all eternity; and He will be honored through us for time everlasting.", "May the Merciful One maintain us with honor.", "The Merciful One will break the yoke (of oppression) from our necks and lead us upright to our land.", "May the Merciful One send us abundant blessing to this house, and upon this table at which we have eaten.", "The Merciful One will send us Elijah the prophet, who is remembered for good, who will announce to us good tidings, deliverances, and consolations.", "When eating at your parents' table, say:", "May the Merciful One bless my father, my teacher, the master of this house, and my mother, my teacher, the mistress of this house; them, their household, their children and all that is theirs.", "When eating at your own table, say:", "May the Merciful One bless me, my spouse, my children, and all that is mine;", "Ours and all that is ours— just as our forefathers were blessed— Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob— In all things,19Abraham was blessed “in all things.” Genesis 24:1 \"From everything,\"20Isaac said: “I have partaken from everything.” Genesis 27:33 and \"With everything\";21Jacob said: “I have everything.” Genesis 33:11 so may He bless us, all of us together, with a perfect blessing and let us say Amein.", "A guest says:", "May the Merciful One bless the host and the hostess, them, their household, their children and all that is theirs. May18This blessing is quoted from the talmud (Maseches Berachos 46a). It has been omitted in most Siddurim. The Mishnah Berura (201:5) takes issue with its omission. We have incorporated it in this edition. it be God's will that the host not be shamed in this world or humiliated in the World to Come. May he have great success with all his possessions. May his properties and ours prosper and be located close to town. May no evil force have power over his endeavors or our endeavors. May no opportunity present itself before him or before us to contemplate [committing any] sin, transgression or iniquity from now forever.", "From on high, may there be invoked upon them and upon us, [the] merit to insure peace, And may we receive a blessing from Adonoy, and kindness from the God of our deliverance; and may we find favor and understanding in the eyes of God and man.", "On Shabbos say:", "May the Merciful One let us inherit the day which will be completely Shabbos and rest, for life everlasting.", "On Rosh Chodesh say:", "May the Merciful One renew for us this month for good and for blessing.", "On Yom Tov say:", "May the Merciful One let us inherit that day which is completely good.", "On Rosh Hashono say:", "May the Merciful One renew for us this year for good and for blessing.", "On Sukkos say:", "May the Merciful One raise up for us the fallen Tabernacle of David.", "May the Merciful One make us worthy of the days of the Messiah and life of the World to Come. He who gives great deliverance to His king, (On Shabbos and Yom Tov say: He who is a tower of deliverance to His king,22During weekdays when we feel the darkness of exile we say: “God gives deliverance to His king,” thus acknowledging His preparation for the time of redemption. On Shabbos and Yom Tov which are reminiscent of the time of the Messiah, when God will be a tower of deliverance, we state it as a fact.) and shows kindness to His anointed— to David and his descendants forever.23II Samuel 22:51 He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He make peace for us and for all Israel, and say, Amein.", "Fear Adonoy, [you] His holy ones, for those who fear Him suffer no deprivation. Young lions may feel want and hunger, but those who seek Adonoy, will not be deprived of any good thing.24Psalms 34:10-11 Give thanks to Adonoy, for He is good, for His kindness endures forever.25Psalms 136:1 You open Your hand and satisfy the desire of every living being.26Psalms 145:16 Blessed is the man who trusts in Adonoy, so that Adonoy is his security.27Jeremiah 17:7 I was young and I have grown old, yet I have never seen a righteous man forsaken, nor his children begging for bread.28Psalms 37:25 Adonoy will give strength to His people, Adonoy will bless His people with peace.29Psalms 29:11", "The following blessings are said in the event you forgot to say רְצֵה or יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא and reminded yourself before starting the fourth blessing, הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב.", "If you forgot to say רְצֵה on Shabbos:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gave Shabbosos for rest to His people Israel with love for a sign and a covenant. Blessed are You Adonoy, Sanctifier of Shabbos.", "If you forgot to say יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא on Rosh Chodesh:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy King of the Universe, Who gave Rosh Chodesh days to His people Israel for remembrance.", "", "", "If you forgot to say יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא on Yom Tov:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gave Yomim Tovim to His people Israel for happiness and joy, this day of (name the Yom Tov). Blessed are You, Adonoy, Sanctifier of Israel and the seasons.", "If a Yom Tov occurs on Shabbos and you forgot to say רְצֵה and יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gave Shabbosos for rest to His people Israel with love, for a sign and a covenant, and Yomim Tovim for happiness and joy, this day of (name the Yom Tov.) Blessed are You, Adonoy, Sanctifier of Shabbos, Israel, and the seasons.", "If you forgot to say יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא on Rosh Hashanah:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gave Festivals to His people Israel for remembrance.", "If Rosh Hashanah occurs on Shabbos and you forgot to say רְצֵה and יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gave Shabbosos for rest to His people Israel, with love for a sign and a covenant, and Yomim Tovim to Israel, for remembrance. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Sanctifier of Shabbos, Israel, and the Day of Remembrance." ], "Brit Milah": [], "Blessing on Foods": [] }, "Blessings": { "Me'ein Shalosh": [], "Ha'etz": [], "Ha'adamah": [], "Shehakol": [], "Borei Nefashot": [], "Shehecheyanu": [], "Fragrant Spices": [], "Fragrant Herbs": [], "Fragrant Shrubs": [], "Fragrant Fruit": [], "Fragrant Oils": [], "Lightning & Thunder": [], "Seeing Rainbow": [], "Seeing Ocean": [], "Blossoming Fruit Tree": [], "Various Blessings of Praise": [], "Immersing Utensils": [], "Mezuzah": [], "Separating Challah": [], "Separating Terumot & Maasrot": [], "Traveler's Prayer": [], "Air Traveler's Prayer": [] }, "Eruv Tavshilin": [ "", "When Yom Tov occurs on Thursday and Friday, an eiruv tavshilin must be prepared on the preceding Wednesday. The head of the family should take bread or matzoh and an item of cooked food such as meat or fish, put them on a plate and say the following berachah:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us concerning the mitzvah of eiruv.", "By means of this eiruv it will be permissible for us to bake, cook, keep dishes warm,1“Keeping dishes warm” means that we are permitted to place cooked foods on a covered stove in order to preserve their heat. An example of this is the traditional Cholent. Kindling of light refers to the transferral of fire from an existing fire. to kindle a light (from an existing flame), and to prepare and do all our necessities on the Festival for the needs of Shabbos, for us and for all Jews2The Rav of the community usually includes the community in his eiruv. This can be done however by anyone. It is done by handing over the cooked food to another person through whom he grants a share of the food (of the eiruv) to the entire community. This person raises the eiruv a tefach (handsbreadth) and returns it to the one making the eiruv. who live in this city.

The food of the eiruv should be eaten at one of the Shabbos meals.", "", "By means of this eiruv it will be permissible for me to walk from this place two thousand amos in each direction.”
You may place one eiruv for many Shabbosos, but you should put it in a safe place, so that it will not be lost or spoiled.", "On Shabbos and Yom Tov, you are forbidden to go more than 2,000 amos from the place you were at the onset of Shabbos. If you need to walk farther than the Shabbos techum or boundary, you must place an eiruvei techumin (a boundary eiruv) before Shabbos or Yom Tov.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us concerning the mitzvah of eiruv.", "“By means of this eiruv it will be permissible for me to walk from this place two thousand amos in each direction.”", "Two or more Jews who share a courtyard or hall, each of them living in his own apartment, are forbidden on Shabbos to carry from their apartment into the courtyard or hall, or from the courtyard or hall into their apartment. It is therefore considered a mitzvah for them to make an eiruvei chatzeiros.", "The procedure is as follows. Erev Shabbos, one of the tenants takes a whole loaf of bread and confers a share of it to all tenants of the courtyard by handing it to another tenant and saying in whatever language he understands:

“Take this loaf of bread and acquire it on behalf of all the Jews who live in this courtyard.”", "This person then takes the loaf and raises it one tefach. The one who is making the eiruv takes it from him and recites the following berachah:", "", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us concerning the mitzvah of eiruv.", "“By means of this eiruv it will be permissible for us to take out and to bring in from the houses into the courtyard and from the courtyard into the houses and from one house into another, for all the Jews who live in the houses of the courtyard.”" ], "Shabbat Candle Lighting": [ "The berachah for all mitzvos must be recited before doing the mitzvah. This rule, however, does not apply to the lighting of the Shabbos candles. By lighting the candles, the woman thereby ushers in the Shabbos. Since the recitation of the berachah is considered to be the beginning of the act of candle lighting, she has thereby ushered in the Shabbos and may no longer light the candles. Therefore, she should first light the candles, and in order that the berachah precede the actual mitzvah, she should cover her face with her hands in order not to see the candles, then recite the berachah, remove her hands and look at the candles. In this manner, it is as if she has recited the berachah before lighting the candles.
It is customary for the husband to prepare the candles and wicks before Shabbos.", "", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to kindle the Shabbos light.", "", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to kindle the Yom Tov light.", "", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to kindle the Shabbos light and Yom Tov light." ], "Shabbat Eve Mincha": { "Song of Songs": [ "Shir Hashirim, the Song of Songs, which is traditionally read in the syna- gogue on Shabbos Chol Hamoed Pesach, is one of the most remarkable books in the sacred Scriptures. On the face of it, it appears nothing more than an oriental love song. If that literal interpretation is accepted, there is no place for it in Holy Writ, and in fact it was not included without a controversy. It was only due to the strenuous advocacy of Rabbi Akiva that all doubts as to its propriety were dis- pelled. “Heaven forbid!” he said. “There could never be any doubt about the sanctity of Shir Hashirim. If the rest of the Writings are holy, then Shir Hashirim is the holy of holies.” (Mishnah, Yedayim 3:5) He saw in it, the passionate yearning which subsists between God and Israel, a love which “Many waters cannot quench, neither can the rivers drown” (8:7).
Thus, Shir Hashirim is read on the Festival of Pesach as an expression of our love of God Who brought us out of bondage and took us as His beloved people. It also expresses our belief that His love for our Patriarchs was the Divine motivation for our redemption and our selection as His cherished nation.", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "When time does not permit the recitition of the entire Shir Hashirim, this abridged version may be said:" ], "Mincha": [ "", "Give thanks to Adonoy, for He is good, for His kindness endures forever. Let those redeemed by Adonoy say it, those He redeemed from the adversary's hand. And from the lands He gathered them, from the east and from the west, from the north and from the south.3The Targum paraphrases: the southern sea. They wandered in the wilderness, in a path of desolation; an inhabited city they did not find. Hungry, also thirsty their soul fainted within them. Then they cried out to Adonoy in their distress; from their anguish He rescued them. And He led them in a straight path, that they might go to an inhabited city. Let them thank Adonoy for His kindness, and for His wonders to the children of man. For He satisfied the longing soul, and the hungry soul He filled with good. Those who sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, bound in affliction and iron.4This refers to those who are shackled and chained and locked in the darkness of dungeons or prisons. For they defied the words of the Almighty, and the counsel of the Most High they scorned. And He humbled their heart with hard labor, they stumbled and there was none to help. Then they cried out to Adonoy in their distress; from their anguish He delivered them. He brought them out from darkness and from the shadow of death, and their shackles He broke. Let them thank Adonoy for His kindness, and for His wonders to the children of man. For He has broken the gates of bronze, and the bars of iron He has cut asunder. They are fools— because of the way of their transgression and their iniquities, they cause their own affliction. Their soul abhors all food, and they drew near to the gates of death. Then they cried out to Adonoy in their distress; from their anguish He delivered them. He sends His word and heals them, and delivers them from their destruction. Let them thank Adonoy for His kindness, and for His wonders to the children of man. And let them offer sacrifices of thanksgiving, and declare His works with singing. Those who go down to the sea in ships, that do work in mighty waters.5Bodies of water with swift currents require increased efforts to keep the ship on course. They saw the works of Adonoy, and His wonders in the deep. He spoke and raised the stormwind, and lifted up its waves. They rise to the heavens, they descend to the depths, their soul melts away because of trouble. They reel and stagger like a drunkard, and all their skills are swallowed up [useless]. Then they cried out to Adonoy in their distress, from their anguish He rescued them. He turned the storm into calmness, and their waves were stilled. They rejoiced because the waves were quieted, and He led them to their desired border. Let them thank Adonoy for His kindness, and for His wonders to the children of man. Let them exalt Him in an assembly of people,6From this verse, the Talmud learns the Blessing of Thanksgiving (בִּרְכַת הַגוֹמֵל) must be recited in the presence of ten men who constitute a קָהָל , an assembly. —[ Berachos 54b ] and at a sitting of elders, praise Him.7From these words the Talmud learns that at least two of the ten men in the quorum, must be elders, Torah scholars. He turns rivers into a wilderness, and springs of water into an arid place. A fruitful land into a salt waste, because of the wickedness of its inhabitants. He turns a wilderness into a pool of water, and a dry land into springs of water. And He made the hungry settle there, and they established an inhabited city. And they sowed fields and planted vineyards, which yielded fruit for harvest. And He blessed them and they multiplied greatly, and their cattle, He did not diminish. And they were reduced in numbers and brought low, from oppression, calamity, and sorrow. He pours contempt upon nobles, and causes them to wander in the wasteland where there is no path. And He lifted up the needy from affliction, and he established families like a flock. The upright will see it and rejoice, and all iniquity will shut its mouth. Whoever is wise, let him note these things, and they will understand the kindnesses of Adonoy....", "Beloved of the soul, merciful Father, draw Your servant to Your will. [Then] Your servant will run like a deer; he will bow before Your splendor. To him, Your affections will be sweeter than the drippings of the honeycomb and all [other pleasant] tastes.", "Splendid, Beautiful, Radiance of the world, my soul is lovesick for You. I beseech You, Almighty, please, heal her by showing her the pleasantness of Your radiance. Then she will be strengthened and healed and she will have everlasting joy.", "Ancient One—let Your mercy be aroused, and please have pity upon Your beloved child; for it is long that I have yearned to behold soon the glory of Your strength. These my heart has desired, please have pity and do not conceal Yourself.", "Reveal Yourself, please and spread over me, my Beloved, the shelter of Your peace, let the earth be illuminated from Your glory, we will exult and rejoice in You. Hasten, show [us Your] love, for the time has come, and be gracious unto us as in days of old.\n" ], "Amidah": [] }, "Kabbalat Shabbat": [ "Come, let us sing to Adonoy; let us sound the shofar to the Rock of our deliverance.1Israel will say these words in the days of the Messiah, when Jews will inspire each other to sing to Almighty God Who delivered them.—Radak Let us greet His Presence with thanksgiving,2Expressions of thanksgiving are considered of the highest virtue, as it is said, ‘As for myself, with expressions of thanksgiving I sacrifice to you.’—Jonah 2 with hymns let us raise our voices unto Him. For a great Almighty is Adonoy and a great King over all gods.3‘Are there any other gods?’ asks the Midrash, and answers by citing verse 5 of the next Psalm, ‘All the gods of the nations are idols.’ For in His hands are the depths4Metsudas Dovid offers another translation: ‘In His hands are the hidden things of the earth,’ referring to things which require much study and thought in order to be understood. of the earth, and the heights of the mountains are His; For the sea is His, and He made it, and the dry land, His hands formed. Come, let us prostrate ourselves and bow; let us kneel before Adonoy, our Maker. For He is our God and we are the people of His pasture, and the flock of His hand, [even] today5It is possible for us to reach this high level and to be accepted as His flock even this very day, if we would hearken to His voice.—Dover Sholom if you will heed His voice. Do not harden your heart as at Merivah, as on the day of Massah6The Jews complained and murmured at the lack of water during their wanderings in the wilderness (Exodus 17:1-17; Numbers 20:1-13). in the desert. When your fathers tested Me,7The words from here till the end of the Psalm, are the actual words of the Divine Presence that emanated from the throat of Moses, שְׁכִינָה מְדַבֶּרֶת מִתּוֹךְ גְרוֹנוֹ שֶׁל משֶׁה — Eyun Tfiloh they tried Me, though they had seen My work. Forty years I quarreled with that generation; and I said, “They are a people of erring hearts, and they did not know my ways.” Therefore I swore in My anger, “They shall not enter My resting place.”8The Holy Land is described as the land of rest (Deuteronomy 12:9).", "Sing to Adonoy a new song9Israel will sing a new song of praise to God in the future, when He gathers us together from our exile. This new song will be in addition to those we now sing.—Radak According to our Sages, every time a ‘new song’ is mentioned, it refers to future events. Fresh mercies and deliverance demand fresh expressions of thanksgiving and homage. Sing to Adonoy all the [inhabitants of] earth. Sing to Adonoy, bless His Name, proclaim His deliverance from day to day. Recount His glory among the nations, His wonders among all the peoples. For Adonoy is great and most extolled; He is awesome above all gods. For all the gods of the nations are idols, whereas Adonoy made the heavens. Beauty and splendor are before Him, strength and glory are in His Sanctuary. Ascribe to Adonoy—families of peoples— —ascribe to Adonoy honor and might! Ascribe to Adonoy the honor due His Name, bring an offering and come to His courtyards. Prostrate yourselves before Adonoy in the splendor10Etz Yosef understands this as the holy splendor of God’s Sanctuary. Tzelosa D’Avraham sees it as the splendor and mode of worship before God, as compared with secular or frivolous manifestations of beauty and splendor. of holiness; tremble before Him all (peoples of) the earth! Declare among the nations, “Adonoy reigns!” for He established the world so that it cannot be moved, He will judge the peoples with uprightness. The heavens will rejoice, the earth will exult,11Simcha (rejoicing) describes one’s feeling at a new experience of happiness, whereas gila (exultation) describes the feeling one experiences over an ongoing situation of joy. Since there is nothing new on the earth (Koheleth) it is said that the earth will exult (gila) but the heavens will rejoice (simcha) because there is always something new in the heavens.—Gaon of Vilna the sea and its fullness will roar. The field and all that is in it will jubilate, then all the trees of the forest will sing for joy. Before Adonoy when He comes— when He comes to judge the earth; He will judge mankind with justice, and peoples with His truth.", "When Adonoy is [universally accepted as] King12Our Sages say that this will occur after the annihilation of Amalek. At that time God’s Name and His throne will be complete. See Exodus 10. the earth will exult; the multitudes of islands13Those who live on these islands will rejoice.—Etz Yosef will rejoice. Clouds and dense darkness surround Him;14These clouds and darkness will envelop and destroy the wicked, after which God’s justice and righteousness will be apparent. Others say that this is an allusion to the mystery of God’s ways, but that His kingdom is founded on righteousness.—Radak righteousness and justice are the foundations of His throne. Fire will go before Him to surround15God will surround them with fire so there will be no escape for them.—Radak and burn His antagonists. His lightning illuminates the inhabited world, the earth sees and trembles.16The future revelation of God’s kingdom is described in terms similar to those of the revelation at Mount Sinai. The mountains17‘Mountains’ refers to the kings of the world—Etz Yosef melt like wax before Adonoy, before the Master of all the earth. The heavens will declare His righteousness and all the peoples will behold His glory. Humiliated will be all who serve graven images, who are proud of idols; before Him all gods will bow. Zion will hear and rejoice, and the daughters [cities] of Judah will exult because of Your judgments, Adonoy. For You, Adonoy, are most high over all the earth; You are greatly exalted above all gods.18Etz Yosef understands ‘gods’ to refer to the sun, moon, stars, etc. Lovers of Adonoy, hate evil! He preserves the souls of His pious ones; from the hand of the wicked, He saves them. Light is sown19Light is sown for the righteous in this world but the harvest of that light awaits the future world.—Radak Others say that the light may be hidden like the seed in the earth, but it is sure to spring forth. for the righteous, and for the upright in heart—joy. Rejoice, righteous ones,20Shevet Musar says that the righteous ones will not merely rejoice in their personal salvation and deliverance but they will actually rejoice in God, Whose kingdom will be revealed and complete. in Adonoy, and give thanks to His holy Name.21Lit: His holy mention.", "A Psalm. Sing to Adonoy, a new song22This Psalm, like the previous ones, refers to the future when God will render final judgment on the world and its inhabitants. for He has performed wonders; His right hand effected deliverance for Him [as did] His holy arm. Adonoy has made known23This will be made known through His prophets.—Etz Yosef His deliverance, before the eyes of the nations He has revealed His justice. He remembered His kindliness and faithfulness24God will remember the kindness He promised to Israel, because of His faithfulness. —Etz Yosef to the House of Israel; all the ends of the earth have seen the deliverance of our God. Raise your voice unto Adonoy all [inhabitants of] the earth! burst forth into exultation, sing, and play music! Play to Adonoy with a harp, with harp and the sound of music. With trumpets and the sound of the shofar raise your voices before the King, Adonoy. The sea and its fullness, will roar with joy! [also] the world and those who dwell therein. Rivers will clap hands, together, mountains will sing. Before Adonoy when He comes to judge the earth; He will judge mankind with righteousness and peoples with uprightness.", "When Adonoy is [universally accepted as] King, peoples will tremble;25Radak notes that Psalm 97 states that, ‘When Adonoy is (universally accepted as) King, the earth will exult.’ He explains that the people will tremble during the destruction of Gog of Magog, and only after his downfall will the earth rejoice. [Before Him Who is] enthroned on Cherubim,26This is a reference to the golden Cherubim atop the Ark in which Moses placed the two tablets of the Law. See Exodus 25:18-22 the earth will quake. Adonoy, is great in Zion,27God’s greatness will be revealed in Zion, for there He will bring all the nations to judgement.—Radak Others quote Rabbi Chanina who says that only when God returns His Schechina (Holy Presence) to Zion will His greatness be recognized. Etz Yosef understands the verse as follows: ‘God, Whose dwelling is in Zion, is great and exalted above all peoples.’ and is high above all the peoples. They will pay homage to Your Name, [saying], great and awesome, It is holy. The might of the King is [evidenced in] His love of justice,28The translation of this verse follows Ibn Ezra. You have established uprightness, justice and charity amid Jacob You have instituted. Exalt Adonoy, our God, and prostrate yourselves at His footstool,29 ‘Footstool’ is an allusion to the Holy Temple. holy is He.30Others translate, ‘Holy is it,’ referring to the Holy Temple. Moses and Aaron among His priests, and Samuel among those who invoke His Name, called to Adonoy, and He answered them. In a pillar of cloud He spoke to them31Ibn Ezra understands this as a reference to Moses and Aaron alone, because God did not speak to Samuel from a pillar of cloud. ; they preserved His testimonies and the statute which He gave them. Adonoy, our God, You answered them; You were a forgiving God to them, [yet] You took vengeance for their misdeeds.32 Moses and Aaron were punished for their role in the incident of the waters of Merivah and were not permitted to enter the Holy Land. Samuel who declared, ‘I am the Seer,’ was punished when he mistakenly thought to anoint David’s brother Eliav as king. (1 Samuel 9). Exalt Adonoy, our God, and prostrate yourselves at His holy mountain; for Adonoy, our God, is holy.", "", "It is customary to stand during the recitation of the following psalm.", "A Psalm of David. Ascribe to Adonoy— you sons of the mighty33 According to Targum, ‘sons of the mighty’ refers to the angels who are called upon to give praise to God. The Sages say that ‘the mighty’ refers to the Patriarchs who were mighty in their faith of God and steadfast in carrying out His will. Thus ‘sons of the mighty’ refers to all Jewry. — ascribe to Adonoy glory and might. Ascribe to Adonoy the glory due His Name, prostrate yourselves before Adonoy in the splendor of holiness.34Etz Yosef says that this refers to the Bais haMikdash. Adonoy's voice is upon the waters.35God’s voice was heard when He split the Sea of Reeds after the exodus from Egypt.—Etz Yosef Almighty of glory thunders, Adonoy is upon [the] many waters. The voice of Adonoy is in power, the voice of Adonoy is in beauty.36This translation follows S.R. Hirsch. Others translate ‘Adonoy’s voice is with power, Adonoy’s voice is with beauty.’ The voice of Adonoy breaks cedars, Adonoy shatters the cedars of Lebanon.37The Psalmist refers to a forest in the Holy Land where there is an abundance of tall cedar trees.—Radak He makes them leap like a calf, Lebanon and Sirion like unicorns. The voice of Adonoy hews out flames of fire.38When God spoke at Sinai, His commandments came forth like a flame in the form of visible letters and words. These letters penetrated the tablets of stone and engraved themselves on them.—Rashi According to Radak the verse describes how God’s wrath will pour down upon His enemies like a bolt of fiery lightning. The voice of Adonoy makes the desert tremble, Adonoy makes tremble the desert of Kadesh. The voice of Adonoy causes hinds to calve,39The birth canal of the hind is very narrow and it is often impossible for the offspring to pass through. God’s voice in the thunder frightens the hind and causes it to have such strong contractions that the canal expands and the offspring is born.—Rashi and strips the forests bare; and in His Sanctuary all proclaim [His] glory. Adonoy sat enthroned (even) at the flood40Even in the face of the total corruption of mankind at the time of the flood, God sat unchanged and unshaken upon the throne of His Sovereignty.—S.R. Hirsch Adonoy is enthroned as King forever. Adonoy will give strength to His people; Adonoy will bless His people with peace.41After the coming of the Messiah there will be an end to all wars and conflicts.—Radak", "Please,42This prayer was composed by Rabbi Nechunya ben Hakanah, a Tanna of the second century. by the force of Your great right hand, release the bound one.", "Accept the prayer of Your people; strengthen us, purify us, Awesome One!", "Please! Mighty One, those who seek Your Unity,43Those who study holy Torah which promulgates Your Unity.—Etz Yosef preserve them like the pupil [of Your eye].", "Bless them, purify them; the compassion of Your benevolent righteousness [may You] always bestow upon them.", "Mighty, Holy One, in Your abundant goodness, lead Your community.", "Unique One, Exalted, turn to Your people who are mindful of Your holiness.", "Accept our prayer and hear our cry, [You] Who knows hidden thoughts.", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.", "This poem was written by Rabbi Solomon Halevy Alkabetz, whose name שְׁלֹמֹה הַלֵוִי is spelled out by the first letter of each stanza. In this poem, the bridegroom (Israel) calls to his Beloved Friend (God) asking that He join him in welcoming his bride (the Sabbath). The concept of welcoming the Sabbath goes back to Talmudic times. Rabbi Chanina robed himself and stood at sunset on the eve of the Sabbath and exclaimed, “Come! Let us go forth to welcome the Sabbath Queen.” Rabbi Yanai garbed himself in festive attire on Sabbath eve and exclaimed; “Come bride, Come bride” (Shabbos 119a).", "Come my Beloved Friend to greet the bride, let us welcome the Sabbath.", "Refrain: Come my Beloved Friend to greet the bride, let us welcome the Sabbath.", "“Preserve” and “Remember”44“Preserve” and “Remember” refers to the discrepancy between the two texts of the fourth commandment. Exodus (20:8) reads, “Remember the Sabbath day,” while Deuteronomy (5:12) reads, “Preserve the Sabbath day.” The Talmud (Shavuos 20b) explains that both words, שָׁמוֹר and זָכוֹר were miraculously pronounced by God simultaneously. in a single utterance the One Almighty caused us to hear; Adonoy is One, and His Name is One; for fame, for glory, and for praise.45These words revert back to the first lines of this stanza: “The One Almighty God caused us to hear for our fame, for our glory, and for our praise.” This thought is based on the verse in Deuteronomy 28:18,19, “Keep the commandments, and He will make you high above all nations—in praise, in name, and in glory.”—Iyun Tefilah", "Refrain: Come my Beloved Friend to greet the bride, let us welcome the Sabbath.", "To greet the Sabbath, come let us go for it is the source of blessing; from the very beginning, of old, it was appointed; last in creation, first in [God's] thought.46This sentence is based on the Midrashic illustration of the architect who prepares the plans for the entire structure before beginning the construction. Analogously, the Sabbath is the end-purpose of God’s creation, for which everything else was made.", "Refrain: Come my Beloved Friend to greet the bride, let us welcome the Sabbath.", "On Yom Tov and Chol Hamoed skip to יָמִין וּשְׂמֹאל", "Sanctuary of the King, royal city, arise, come forth from the upheaval; too long have you dwelt in the valley of weeping; He will show you abundant pity.", "Refrain: Come my Beloved Friend to greet the bride, let us welcome the Sabbath.", "Shake the dust off yourself, arise, dress up in your garments of glory, my people; through the son of Yishai the Bethlehemite,47The Messiah is a descendant of David, the son of Yishai of Bethlehem. draw near to my soul and redeem it.", "Refrain: Come my Beloved Friend to greet the bride, let us welcome the Sabbath.", "Wake up! wake up! for your light has come, arise and shine. Awaken! awaken! utter a song, The glory of Adonoy is revealed upon you.", "Refrain: Come my Beloved Friend to greet the bride, let us welcome the Sabbath.", "Feel not ashamed or humiliated why are you bowed down, why do you moan? In you will take refuge the poor of my people;48 Others translate “The afflicted of my people will take refuge in you.” and the city will be rebuilt on its ancient site.", "Refrain: Come my Beloved Friend to greet the bride, let us welcome the Sabbath.", "They will be ravaged, those who ravaged you, and they will be cast far off, all who devour you. Your God will rejoice over you as a bridegroom rejoices over his bride.", "Refrain: Come my Beloved Friend to greet the bride, let us welcome the Sabbath.", "Right and left you will spread out. and Adonoy, you will praise;49This translation follows Iyun Tefilah. Others translate, “will you revere.” through the man descended from Peretz50Peretz was the son of Judah from whom David was descended. we will rejoice and exult.", "Refrain: Come my Beloved Friend to greet the bride, let us welcome the Sabbath.", "The chazzan and congregation turn to face the entrance while reciting this verse. While saying the words בּוֹאִי כַלָּה , Come Bride bow and turn back, to signify that the Sabbath is entering.", "Come in peace, crown of her husband,51The husband is Israel; and the Sabbath is Israel’s crowning glory. come with song, (rejoicing) and good cheer; amidst the faithful of the treasured people. Come Bride, come Bride, come Bride, Shabbos Queen!", "Refrain: Come my Beloved Friend to greet the bride, let us welcome the Sabbath.", "A Psalm, a song for the Shabbos day. It is good to thank52The Sabbath, more than other days, lends itself to offering praise and thanksgiving to God. When man rests from his physical labor and is relieved of material concerns, his soul is free to pursue the intellectual and spiritual aspects of life. These pursuits lead him to serve God and to praise Him.—Radak Adonoy, and sing praise to Your Name, Most High. To relate Your kindliness in the morning, and Your faithfulness in the nights.53We will proclaim His kindliness in the morning of redemption. And while yet in the darkness of exile we proclaim our belief in His faithfulness.—Rashi Upon a ten-stringed instrument and lute, in meditation upon the harp. For You have given me joy, Adonoy, with Your deeds, at the work of Your hands54The Sabbath day of rest affords me the opportunity to observe and appreciate the greatness of Your work.—Radak I sing joyously. How great are Your works, Adonoy; how infinitely profound are Your thoughts.55God’s ‘works’ are the visible creation, while His ‘thoughts’ are the Divine purpose behind each created thing.—Seporno An empty-headed man cannot know, nor does a fool understand this: When the wicked bloom like grass, and all the evildoers blossom— it is so that they may be destroyed forever. But You will remain on high forever Adonoy. For behold, Your enemies, Adonoy; For behold, Your enemies shall perish; dispersed shall be all evildoers. You uplifted my horn56Others translate, ‘You have increased my might like that of the wild ram.’ like that of a unicorn; I am saturated with fresh oil. My eye has seen [the defeat of] those who spy on me; of the wicked who rise against me, my ears have heard [that they are doomed]. The righteous will blossom like a date palm, like a cedar57The palm and the cedar both enjoy a long life span and flourish during all seasons. Thus they symbolize the lasting happiness of the righteous in contrast to the short prosperity of the wicked. in Lebanon, he will grow tall. Planted in the House of Adonoy, in the courtyards of our God they will blossom. They will still be fruitful in old age; they will be full of sap and freshness. To declare that Adonoy is upright; He is my Stronghold; in Whom there is no injustice.", "Adonoy had begun His reign He has clothed Himself with majesty;58On the sixth day, the Levites sang Psalm 93, ‘Adonoy is King, He has clothed Himself in majesty,’ because He completed the work of creating and reigned over all His creatures.—Rosh Hashana 31a Adonoy has clothed Himself, He has girded Himself with strength. He has firmly established the world so that it cannot be moved. Your throne stands firm from of old, You are from eternity. The rivers have raised—Adonoy— the rivers have raised their voice, the rivers raise their raging waves. More than the sound of many waters, mightier than the breakers of the sea Mighty on high, are You, Adonoy. Your testimonies are extremely faithful, holiness is becoming to Your House, Adonoy—for the length of days....", "", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein. May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity. Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein. He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and or all Israel, and say, Amein." ], "Shabbat Eve Maariv": { "Shabbat Eve Maariv": [ "On Shabbos, before Borechu, the following selection from the Zohar is said.", "", "", "When one is praying without a minyan, continue with the following:", "", "The Chazzan says: Bless Adonoy Who is blessed.", "The congregation responds and the Chazzan repeats: Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed forever and ever." ], "Shema & Blessings": [ "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe, With His word He brings on evenings, with wisdom He opens the gates1These are the gates of sunrise and sunset through which God, in His infinite wisdom, has divided life on earth into two complementary halves.—Rabbi S.R. Hirsch (of heaven); and with understanding changes2He alternates the three daily periods—evening, morning, and afternoon.—Avudraham the times and alternates the seasons, and arranges the stars in their watches,3The stars appear as watchmen appointed by God to stand guard over the sleeping world below. He also appointed them their places in definite orbits according to His will and for purposes known to Him alone.—S.R. Hirsch in the sky, according to His will. He creates day and night, He rolls the light away from before darkness, and darkness from before light; He causes day to pass and brings night, and separates between day and night; Adonoy of Hosts4His Name ה' צְבָאוֹת means “He Who takes all the infinite variety of hosts and creatures and unites them to act and interact as parts of one unified Universe.”— S.R. Hirsch is His Name. The Almighty, [Who is] living and enduring will always reign over us forever and ever. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who brings on evening.", "[With] An everlasting love5This prayer is an abbreviated form of the אַהֲבָה רַבָּה prayer in the morning service. It thanks God for the sacred gift of Divine Revelation that He granted Israel. It declares that Torah alone is the eternal heritage of the Jewish people and that all other goods and gifts of life are transitory.— S.R. Hirsch You loved the House of Israel, Your people. Torah and commandments, statutes and laws, You taught us. Therefore, Adonoy, our God, when we lie down and when we rise, we will discuss Your statutes, and rejoice in the words of the teachings of Your Torah and in Your commandments forever. For they are our life and they lengthen our days, and on them we will meditate day and night. [May] Your love never be removed from us Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who loves His people Israel.", "The following three words should be said when praying without a minyan: (Almighty, faithful King)", "Hear, Israel: Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.", "The following line is to be said silently Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.", "And you shall love Adonoy your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your possessions. And these words which I command you today, shall be upon your heart. And you shall teach them sharply to your children. And you shall discuss them when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall bind them for a sign upon your hand, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways.", "And it will be— if you vigilantly obey My commandments which I command you this day, to love Adonoy your God, and serve Him with your entire hearts and with your entire souls— that I will give rain for your land in its proper time, the early (autumn) rain and the late (spring) rain; and you will harvest your grain and your wine and your oil. And I will put grass in your fields for your cattle, and you will eat and be satisfied. Beware lest your hearts be swayed and you turn astray, and you worship alien gods and bow to them. And Adonoy's fury will blaze among you, and He will close off the heavens and there will be no rain and the earth will not yield its produce; and you will perish swiftly from the good land which Adonoy gives you. Place these words of Mine upon your hearts and upon your souls,— and bind them for a sign upon your hands, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes. And you shall teach them to your sons, to speak them when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways. In order that your days be prolonged, and the days of your children, upon the land which Adonoy swore to your fathers to give them [for as long] as the heavens are above the earth.", "And Adonoy spoke to Moses saying: Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them to make for themselves fringes on the corners of their garments throughout their generations; and they will place with the fringes of each corner a thread of blue. And it will be to you for fringes, and you will look upon it and you will remember all the commandments of Adonoy, and you will perform them; and you will not turn aside after your hearts and after your eyes which cause you to go astray. In order that you will remember and perform all My commandments; and you will be holy unto your God. I am Adonoy, your God, Who brought you out of the land of Egypt to be your God: I am Adonoy, your God—", "You must be careful to connect the last words of Shema, ה' אֱלֹקֵיכֶם (Adonoy, your God), with the word אֶמֶת (is true) without pause or interruption so that these three words form one sentence, meaning “Adonoy your God is true” (Maseches Berachos 13a).
—is true—
The chazan repeats:
Adonoy, your God, is true.", "—and faithful is all this,6All that we have affirmed in the Shema, is true and trustworthy.—Etz Yosef and it is permanently established with us that he is Adonoy, our God, and there is nothing besides Him, and that we, Israel, are His people. [He] Who liberated us from the hand of kings,7He redeemed us from Pharaoh, and saved us from Sichon and Og in the days of Moses and from the thirty-one kings in the days of Joshua.—Etz Yosef [is] our King, Who redeemed us from the grasp of all the tyrants.8“Tyrants” include Amalek and others who wanted to destroy us.—Etz Yosef [He is] the Almighty Who exacts payment [punishment] from our oppressors,9The Malbim says that “oppressors” (צָרֵינוּ) refers to those who actively persecute us whereas “enemies” (אוֹיבֵינוּ) refers to those who would rejoice over our misfortune without necessarily contributing to our downfall in an outright manner. and brings retribution on all those who are enemies of our soul. He does great things10“Great things” refers to the way God rules according to the laws of nature and “wonders” refers to those things that are classified as miracles.—Siach Yitzchak beyond comprehension, miracles and wonders without number. He sustains our soul in life11Not only does God sustain our souls in exile but He also sustains our physical well- being.—Siach Yitzchak and does not allow our feet to slip. He makes us tread upon the high places of our enemies, and exalts our strength over all who hate us. He performed miracles for us and vengeance upon Pharaoh, signs and wonders in the land of the Hamites. He slew in His wrath, all the firstborn of Egypt, and brought out His people, Israel, from their midst to everlasting12The redemption from Egypt is the source for all later redemptions; it is the source from which our final and total salvation will spring. We became free, never again to taste the bitterness of spiritual or physical bondage.—Sfas Emes freedom. He led His children through the divided parts of the Sea of Reeds, their pursuers and their enemies He drowned in its depths. And His children saw His mighty power— they praised and gave thanks to His Name, His sovereignty they willingly accepted; Moses and the children of Israel sang unto You with great joy, and they all said:", "“Who is like You among the mighty, Adonoy! Who is like You? [You are] adorned in holiness, awesome in praise, performing wonders”13Exodus 15:11. Your children beheld Your sovereignty when You divided the sea before Moses. “This is my God,”14Exodus 15:2. they exclaimed, and declared,", "“Adonoy will reign forever and ever.”15Exodus 15:18.", "And it is said, “For Adonoy has liberated Jacob and redeemed him from a hand, mightier than his.”16Jeremiah 31:10. Blessed are You, Adonoy Who has redeemed Israel.", "This is the second of the benedictions that follow the Sh'ma.
Adonoy our God; make us lie down in peace, our King, raise us again to good life,17Undisturbed peace, and strength for a new day of vigorous living are the gifts that night brings and for which we pray to God.—S.R. Hirsch and peace Spread over us the shelter of Your peace, and direct us to better ourselves through Your good counsel;18We particularly ask of Him at night to bless us with wise counsel. Daytime is the time for achievement, but the rest that comes with nightfall is made to allow man to compose his thoughts. By virtue of the complete relaxation it affords, sleep endows the mind and spirit with renewed vigor. We pray therefore for Divine aid so that our nightly rest will help us take wise counsel and affirm worthy resolution for future days.—Avudraham and Siach Yitzchak and deliver us speedily for Your Name's sake. Shield us, and remove from us19Shield us from trouble before it comes, and remove it from us if it has already come.—Siach Yitzchak enemies, pestilence, sword, famine and sorrow. Remove the adversary20The Hebrew word שָׂטָן (Satan) used in the Prayer Book refers to the Evil Impulse, the lower passions which are a hindrance to man’s pursuit of the nobler aims in life. It is against the dominance of this impulse that the Jew prays. The “adversary,” therefore, is any person, spirit, or Evil Impulse that seduces us to do wrong.— Dover Sholom and others from before us and from behind us, and shelter us in the shadow of Your wings. For, Almighty, You are our Protector and Rescuer, For, Almighty You are a gracious and merciful King. Guard our going out and our coming in for life and peace for now forever. And spread over us21Up to this point the Shabbos Maariv Service is identical to the week night services. Since this Friday evening prayer is the point of transition to the Shabbos Shemoneh Esrei, the concluding phrase of this blessing is changed from שׁוֹמֵר עַמוֹ יִשְׂרָאֵל לָעַד , “Who guards His people Israel forever,” for the Shabbos does not require protection. The Shabbos itself protects the Jew and causes every thought of grief and anxiety to fade away. It brings us the blissful sense of security that we lack during the week when we feel the need for protection. the shelter of mercy, life and peace. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who spreads the shelter of peace over us and over all His people, Israel and over Jerusalem.", "On Shabbos say:", "And the Children of Israel shall preserve the Sabbath, to maintain the Sabbath for their generations as an everlasting covenant. Between Me and between the Children of Israel it is a sign for eternity, that [in] six days, Adonoy made the heavens and the earth, and on the seventh [day] He abstained from work and rested.22Exodus 31:16-17. This is merely metaphorical, since God of course does not become tired, nor does He require rest.", "On Pesach, Shavuos and Sukkos, say:", "And Moses recounted the appointed seasons of Adonoy to the Children of Israel.23Leviticus 23:44.", "The Chazzan recites the following half-Kaddish", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity. Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein." ], "Amidah": [ "My Master, open my lips, and my mouth will declare Your praise.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, God of Abraham, God of Isaac, and God of Jacob, the Almighty, the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome, most high Almighty, Who bestows beneficent kindness, Who possesses everything, Who remembers the piety of the Patriarchs, and Who brings a redeemer to their children's children, for the sake of His Name, with love.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add: Remember us for life King, Who desires life; and inscribe us in the Book of Life, for Your sake, Living God.)", "King, Helper, and Deliverer and Shield. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Shield of Abraham.", "You are mighty forever, my Master; You are the Resurrector of the dead the Powerful One to deliver us.", "From the Musaf of the first day of Pesach until the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres you should say: He causes the dew to descend.
From the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres until the Musaf of the first day of Pesach you should say: Causer of the wind to blow and of the rain to fall.", "Sustainer of the living with kindliness, Resurrector of the dead with great mercy, Supporter of the fallen, and Healer of the sick, and Releaser of the imprisoned, and Fulfiller of His faithfulness to those who sleep in the dust. Who is like You, Master of mighty deeds, and who can be compared to You? King Who causes death and restores life, and causes deliverance to sprout forth.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add: Who is like You merciful Father, Who remembers His creatures for life, in His mercy.)", "And You are faithful to restore the dead to life. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Resurrector of the dead.", "You are holy and Your Name is holy and holy beings praise You every day, forever. For a great and Almighty King— great and holy—are You. Blessed are You, Adonoy, the Almighty, the Holy One.
During the Ten Days of Penitence: Blessed are You, Adonoy, the King, the Holy One.", "You have sanctified the seventh day24The first three and the last three blessings of Shemoneh Esrei are identical in all Sabbath services as well as in the regular weekday Shemoneh Esrei. The intermediate blessing, however, differs in each of the four Sabbath services. The thirteen petitions which make up the intermediate blessings of the weekday Shemoneh Esrei are omitted because prayers for personal needs are not recited on the Sabbath and Festivals. In reciting such personal requests one is reminded of his troubles and shortcomings, and our Sabbaths are not to be desecrated by sadness and misery. to Your Name, [it was] the purpose of making heaven and earth; and You blessed it above all days and You sanctified it above all seasons. And so it is written in Your Torah:", "And the heavens and the earth were completed and [so were] all their hosts.25The earthly hosts include all vegetation, all the living creatures, and mankind; while the heavenly hosts are the sun, moon, all the stars, and even the celestial beings such as angels.—Ramban And God completed by the seventh day26God completed His work at the precise instant that marked the beginning of the seventh day.—Seporno His work which He had done, and He abstained on the seventh day, from all His work which He had done. And God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it for on it He abstained from all His work which God had created to do.27God in His goodness, renews every day, continually the work of creation. On the Sabbath, however, God ceased even from His work of renewal. The renewal of the creation designated for the Sabbath was itself prepared and completed on the eve of the Sabbath.—Vilna Gaon", "They will rejoice in Your Kingship yhose who preserve the Shabbos and call it a delight The people who sanctify the seventh [day] will all be satisfied and delighted from Your goodness. And in the seventh [day], You took pleasure and made it holy. “Most desirable of days,” You called it, in commemoration of the work of the [world's] beginning.", "Our God, and God of our fathers, be pleased with our rest, sanctify us with Your commandments and give us our share in Your Torah; satisfy us from Your goodness and gladden us with Your deliverance, and purify our hearts to serve You in truth. And give us as our inheritance, Adonoy our God, in love and in pleasure Your holy Shabbos; and may all Israel rest thereon— the sanctifiers of Your Name. Blessed are You Adonoy, Sanctifier of Shabbos.", "Be pleased, Adonoy, our God, with Your people Israel and pay heed to their prayer; and restore the service to the Holy of Holies in Your abode, and the fire-offerings of Israel; and accept their prayer, lovingly and willingly. And may You always find pleasure with the service of Your people, Israel.", "On Rosh Chodesh and on Chol HaMoed, the following prayer is added:", "Our God and God of our fathers, may there ascend, come, and reach, appear, be desired, and heard, counted and recalled our remembrance and reckoning; the remembrance of our fathers; the remembrance of the Mashiach the son of David, Your servant; the remembrance of Jerusalem, city of Your Sanctuary; and the remembrance of Your entire people, the House of Israel, before You for survival, for well-being, for favor, kindliness, compassion, for good life and peace on this day of:", "Rosh Chodesh", "the Festival of Matzos", "the Festival of Sukkos", "Remember us Adonoy, our God, on this day for well-being; be mindful of us on this day for blessing, and deliver us for good life. In accord with the promise of deliverance and compassion, spare us and favor us, have compassion on us and deliver us; for to You our eyes are directed because You are the Almighty Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "And may our eyes behold Your merciful return to Zion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion.", "We are thankful to You that You Adonoy are our God and the God of our fathers forever; Our Rock, Rock of our lives, the Shield of our deliverance, You are in every generation. We will give thanks to You and recount Your praise, for our lives which are committed into Your hand, and for our souls which are entrusted to (You, and for Your miracles of every day with us, and for Your wonders and benefactions at all times— evening, morning and noon. (You are) The Beneficent One— for Your compassion is never withheld; And (You are) the Merciful One— for Your kindliness never ceases; for we have always placed our hope in You.", "(On Shabbos Chanukah the following prayer is added. If you omitted it, you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei. If, however, you became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you should say it at that time, and conclude by saying, “ וְעַל כֻּלָּם , and for all the foregoing.”)", "[We thank You] for the miracles for the redemption, for the mighty deeds, for the deliverances, for the wonders for the consolations and for the wars that You performed for our fathers in those days at this season.", "In the days of Matisyahu, son of Yochanan the High Priest, the Hasmonean and his sons, when the evil Greek kingdom rose up against Your people Israel to make them forget Your Torah and to turn them away from the statutes of Your will— You, in Your abundant mercy, stood by them in their time of distress, You defended their cause, You judged their grievances, You avenged them. You delivered the mighty into the hands of the weak, many into the hands of the few, defiled people into the hands of the undefiled, the wicked into the hands of the righteous, and insolent [sinners] into the hands of diligent students of Your Torah. And You made Yourself a great and sanctified name in Your world. And for Your people, Israel, You performed a great deliverance and redemption unto this very day. Afterwards, Your sons entered the Holy of Holies of Your Abode, cleaned Your Temple, purified Your Sanctuary, and kindled lights in the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary, and designated these eight days of Chanukah to thank and praise Your great Name....", "", "And for all the foregoing blessed, exalted and extolled your Name, our King constantly, forever and ever.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, add: Inscribe for a good life all the children of Your covenant.", "And all the living shall thank You forever and praise and bless Your great Name with sincerity forever; for You are goodness— the Almighty, Who is our deliverance and our help forever— the benevolent Almighty. Blessed are You, Adonoy, “The Beneficent” is Your Name and You it is fitting to praise.", "Grant peace, goodness, and blessing, life favor, kindness and compassion upon us and upon all Israel, Your people. Bless us, our Father, all of us as one with the light of Your countenance. For by the light of Your countenance You gave us Adonoy our God, a Torah of life and the love of kindliness, righteousness, blessing, compassion, life, and peace. And may it be good in Your sight to bless us and to bless Your people Israel, at all times and at every moment with Your peace (with much strength and peace).", "During the Ten Days of Penitence continue here: In the book of life, blessing, peace and abundant maintenance, good decrees, salvations and condolences, may we be remembered and inscribed before You; we and all Your people, the House of Israel for a good life and peace.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who blesses His people Israel with peace.", "May they be acceptable the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart, before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "My God, guard my tongue from evil and my lips from speaking deceitfully. To those who curse me, may my soul be unresponsive; and let my soul be like dust to all. Open my heart to Your Torah and let my soul pursue Your commandments. And all who plan evil against me, quickly annul their counsel and frustrate their intention.", "", "(May it it be Your will Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers, that no person be envious of me and that I not be envious of others, that I not be brought to anger this day, and that I not cause Your anger; and save me from the evil inclination, and help me be humble and any modest. Our King and our Father, unify Your Name in Your world, rebuild Your city, establish Your house and perfect your sanctuary. Gather our exiles, redeem Your people, rejoice Your congregation).", "Act for the sake of Your Name. Act for the sake of Your right hand. Act for the sake of Your Torah. Act for the sake of Your holiness. In order that Your loved ones be released, deliver [with] Your right hand and answer me.", "May they be acceptable— the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart—before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He make peace upon us and upon all Israel and say Amein.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and the God of our Fathers that the Holy Temple be rebuilt speedily in our days, and grant us our share in Your Torah. And there we will serve You reverently as in the days of old, and in earlier years.", "And let Adonoy be pleased with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem as in the days of old and in earlier years." ], "Vayechulu": [ "After the Shemoneh Esrei has been said, the entire congregation repeats וַיְכֻלּוּ , in testimony of our belief that God created heaven and earth. According to Halacha, when one is a witness, he must stand and declare his testimony aloud.", "And the heavens and the earth were completed and [so were] all their hosts. And God completed by the seventh day His work which He had done, and He abstained on the seventh day, from all His work which He had done. And God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it for on it He abstained from all His work which God had created to do.", "The following prayer, בְּרָכָה מֵעֵין שֶׁבַע the abridged form of the seven blessings of the Maariv Shemoneh Esrei, is said only by the Chazzan. This prayer is not said if the first night of Passover occurs on Friday night. It is also not recited when prayers are held in the house of a bridegroom or in the house of a mourner. It is to be said only in a place that has been designated as a permanent place of prayer.
Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, God of Abraham, God of Isaac, and God of Jacob; the Almighty, the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome, the most high Almighty, Possessor of heaven and earth.", "The congregation may recite the following paragraph, which should then be repeated aloud and in its entirety by the Chazzan.
Shield of [our] fathers with His word,28This paragraph is a précis of the entire Shemoneh Esrei just recited: The first line refers to the blessing מָגֵן אַבְרָהָם , “Shield of Abraham.” Resurrector of the dead29This line refers to the blessing מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים , “Who restores the dead to life.” with His utterance; *the Almighty, the Holy One30This line refers to the blessing הָאֵל הַקָּדוֹשׁ , “The Almighty, the Holy One.” (*Between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, substitute:) the King, the Holy One) Who has no peer. He gives rest to His people31This line refers to the prayer רְצֵה בִמְנוּחָתֵֽנוּ , “Be pleased with our rest.” on the day of His holy Shabbos for with them He was pleased to grant them rest. Before Him we will serve32This line refers to the prayer רְצֵה in which we ask God to be pleased with our prayer and restore the Temple service. with fear and trepidation, and give thanks to His Name33This line refers to the blessing of מוֹדִים אֲנַֽחְנוּ לָךְ , “We are thankful to You.” every day continuously, from the essence of the blessings.34We thank God each day in accordance with the blessing appropriate for that particular day. Almighty of thanksgiving, Master of peace,35This line refers to the closing prayer of the Shemoneh Esrei, “Bestow peace.”—Avudraham Sanctifier of the Shabbos, Who blesses the seventh day and grants rest in sanctity to a people sated with delight— in commemoration of the work of creation.36God commanded us to preserve the Sabbath as a reminder that He created the world.—Etz Yosef", "Our God, and God of our fathers, be pleased with our rest, sanctify us with Your commandments and give us our share in Your Torah; satisfy us from Your goodness and gladden us with Your deliverance, and purify our hearts to serve You in truth. And give us as our inheritance, Adonoy our God, in love and in pleasure Your holy Shabbos; and may Israel rest thereon— the sanctifiers of Your Name. Blessed are You Adonoy, Sanctifier of Shabbos.", "The Chazzan recites the following Kaddish:", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein. May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity. Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be acceptance of the prayers and supplications of the entire House of Israel before their Father in heaven. And say, Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein. He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and or all Israel, and say, Amen.", "A Psalm of David, Adonoy is my shepherd, I shall lack nothing. In lush pastures He makes me lie, besides tranquil waters, He leads me. My soul, He restores, He directs me in paths of righteousness for the sake of His Name. Though I walk in the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil for You are with me, Your rod and Your staff, they comfort me. You prepare a table for me in the full presence of my enemies, You annointed my head with oil; my cup overflows. [May] only good and kindness pursue me all the days of my life, and I shall dwell in the House of Adonoy for long days.", "The Chazzan recites the following half-Kaddish", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity. Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "The Chazzan says: Bless Adonoy Who is blessed.", "The congregation responds and the Chazzan repeats: Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed forever and ever.", "", "It is our obligation to praise the Master of all, to ascribe greatness to the Creator of the [world in the] beginning: that He has not made us like the nations of the lands, and has not positioned us like the families of the earth; that He has not assigned our portion like theirs, nor our lot like that of all their multitudes. For they prostrate themselves to vanity and nothingness, and pray to a god that cannot deliver. But we bow, prostrate ourselves, and offer thanks before the Supreme King of Kings, the Holy One blessed is He, Who spreads the heavens, and establishes the earth, and the seat of His glory is in heaven above, and the abode of His invincible might is in the loftiest heights. He is our God, there is nothing else. Our King is true, all else is insignificant, as it is written in His Torah: “And You shall know this day and take into Your heart that Adonoy is God in the heavens above and upon the earth below; there is nothing else.”", "We therefore put our hope in You, Adonoy our God, to soon behold the glory of Your might in banishing idolatry from the earth, and the false gods will be utterly exterminated to perfect the world as the kingdom of Shadai. And all mankind will invoke Your Name, to turn back to You, all the wicked of the earth. They will realize and know, all the inhabitants of the world, that to You, every knee must bend, every tongue must swear [allegiance to You]. Before You, Adonoy, our God, they will bow and prostrate themselves, and to the glory of Your Name give honor. And they will all accept [upon themselves] the yoke of Your kingdom, and You will reign over them, soon, forever and ever. For the kingdom is Yours, and to all eternity You will reign in glory, as it is written in Your Torah: “Adonoy will reign forever and ever.” And it is said: “And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.”", "", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein. May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity. Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein. He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and or all Israel, and say, Amein." ] }, "Shabbat Evening Meal": { "Blessing the Children": [ "It has become a widely accepted custom for parents to bless their children on the eve of Shabbos. The placing of both hands upon the child's head when giving the blessing, symbolizes that the blessing is bestowed with fullness of spirit and heart.", "For a boy:", "May God make you like Ephraim and Menashe.", "May Adonoy bless you and guard you. May Adonoy shine His countenance upon you and be gracious unto you. May Adonoy turn His countenance toward you and grant you peace.", "For a girl:", "May God make you like Sorah, Rivkah, Rochel and Leah.", "May Adonoy bless you and guard you. May Adonoy shine His countenance upon you and be gracious unto you. May Adonoy turn His countenance toward you and grant you peace." ], "Shalom Aleichem": [ "Rabbi Yose son of Rabbi Yehudah said: “Two angels accompany a man on the eve of Shabbos from the synagogue to his home, one good angel and one evil angel.” When the person arrives home to find the lights burning, the table set, and the bed made, the good angel exclaims, “May it be God's will that it be so next Shabbos.” But if not so, if the the house is dark and in disorder, the evil angel exclaims, “May it be God's will that it be so next Shabbos.” The good angel is compelled to answer Amein.—Maseches Shabbos 119b. The custom of singing Sholom Aleichem, peace upon you, upon returning from the synagogue is based on the above Talmudic teaching. Since every Jew is accompanied home by these two angels, it is fitting that he welcome them into his home. Obviously, one should prepare for Shabbos in such manner to evoke the angels' best wishes.", "Peace upon you, angels of God's service, angels of the Most High, from the King of kings-of-kings,1Kings of yore, who ruled over other nations were known as ‘kings of kings.’ God is King even of the kings’ kings. the Holy One, blessed is He.", "Come in peace, angels of peace, angels of the Most High, from the King of kings-of-kings the Holy One, blessed is He.", "Bless me with peace, angels of peace, angels of the Most High from the King of kings-of-kings the Holy One, blessed is He.", "Go in peace, angels of peace, angels of the Most High from the King of kings-of-kings the Holy One, blessed is He.", "For His angels He will command in your behalf, to guard you in all your ways.2Psalms 91:11. Adonoy will guard your going and coming from now, forever.3Psalms 121:8." ], "Eishet Chayil": [ "Whoever finds a valorous wife— far greater than that of pearls is her value.", "The heart of her husband trusts in her, and he lacks no gain.4The literal meaning of שָׁלָל is “booty” which implies an unexpected gain to which one had no prior claim. Thus in our verse, although her husband had complete trust in her, her deeds actually surpassed his expectations.— S.R. Hirsch ", "She repays him good and not evil all the days of her life.5A person can do much good to another and still cause him moments of pain or shame by his conduct. The true woman of valor, to whom this hymn is dedicated, gives her husband nothing but happiness, never a moment of grief all the days of her life.—S.R. Hirsch", "She seeks wool and linen, and works them willingly with her hands.", "She is like the merchant ships; from afar, she brings her food.6These verses are a tribute to the woman of valor who is willing to do far more than she is required to do. Although her husband is obligated to support her, she does not hesitate to do everything in order to provide for her family.—Metsudas Dovid", "She rises while it is still night and gives food to her household, and tasks to her maids.", "She considers a field and buys it; from the fruit of her hand, she plants a vineyard.", "She girds herself with might and strengthens her arms.7She is not strong by nature; she “makes herself” strong. Her zeal and sense of duty give her strength and might.—S.R. Hirsch", "She senses that her business is good, [so] her lamp is not extinguished at night.", "She puts her hand to the spindle, and her palms support the distaff.8This verse is connected with what follows. No time is wasted in idleness. Her other work being finished, she spends her leisure in spinning and making garments for the poor and for the members of her household.", "Her palm she spreads out to the poor and her hands she extends to the needy.9An אֶביוֹן , a needy person, is in more desperate need than an עָנִי , a poor person. The woman of valor recognizes that. To the poor man, therefore, she opens her palms, permitting him to take what he wishes. But regarding the needy man, she takes the initiative by extending her hands to provide his needs.— Metsudas Dovid ", "She has no fear for her household because of snow, for her entire household is clothed with scarlet [wool].", "Bedspreads, she makes herself fine linen and purple [wool] are her clothing.10She was attired in the costliest garments, as befits a distinguished woman.", "Well-known at the gates11Oriental cities had deep gateways shaded from the sun. There the elders sat as a court to adjudicate disputes and discuss important communal affairs. is her husband as he sits among the elders of the land.", "Garments she makes and sells them, and belts,12Like סָדִין a linen garment, חֲגוֹר , girdle, the noun is the collective singular. Sashes or belts were commonly worn around the waist. she provides for the merchants.", "Strength and splendor are her clothing,13These characteristics are borne by her as one wears clothes. See Psalms 104:1, “With beauty and splendor are You clothed.” and smilingly [she awaits her] last day.14God shows the righteous, just before their death, the share they have earned in the World to Come. Thus the woman of valor will be joyous on her last day, because then she will know the fullness of the reward she has earned through her virtuous conduct.—Exodus Rabbah 52:3", "Her mouth she opens with wisdom, and the teaching of kindness15She teaches others to do kind deeds.—Metsudas Dovid is on her tongue.", "She anticipates the ways of her household, and the bread of idleness, she does not eat.", "Her children rise16 and make her fortunate;17She will feel fortunate and happy with the evidence of their appreciation and love. There is no more eloquent testimony to her virtue. her husband—and he praises her:", "Many daughters have attained valor but you surpassed them all.", "Favor is deceptive and beauty is vain; a God-fearing woman— —she should be praised.", "Give her the fruit of her hand, and let her deeds praise her in the gates.18 Although her activities are confined to the home, due recognition will be given her even outside her immediate family. She will be eternally praised as a valiant example for the entire community.—S.R. Hirsch" ], "Atkinu Seudata": [], "Shabbat Eve Kiddush": [ "The fourth of the Ten Commandments bids us “ זָכוֹר אֶת יוֹם הַשַׁבָּת לְקַדְשׁוֹ ”, Remember the Shabbos day, Lekadsho to keep it holy ( Exodus 20:8). The word also implies to sanctify it. Jewish law therefore requires us to sanctify the Shabbos at its beginning—and at its conclusion—with an oral declaration. Thus we have the mitzvah of Kiddush upon the arrival of the Shabbos and Havdala at its conclusion. Most halachic authorities agree that the Scriptural command to proclaim the sanctity of the Shabbos is fulfilled by reciting the middle blessing of the Friday night Shemoneh Esreh. The command to recite the Kiddush at home, over wine, is rabbinic. In Babylonia it was customary to recite Kiddush over wine in the synagogue at the end of the Friday night service for the travelers who remained in the synagogue to eat and sleep. ( Pesachim 101a, see Tosofos s.v. דְאָכְלוּ)
In many synagogues in the diaspora it is still customary to recite this Kiddush. But in Eretz Yisroel, the custom was never instituted, and so to this day, Kiddush is not recited there on Friday night. It is forbidden to eat on Friday night without first reciting Kiddush, to be followed immediately by the meal. When Kiddush is said over wine, the challa loaves must be covered. When wine is not available on Friday night, it is permissible to recite Kiddush over two whole challa loaves; in such an instance, the challa need not be covered. When reciting Kiddush over bread, you must wash your hands and say the berachah “Al netilas yodayim” before reciting the Kiddush. Halachic opinions differ as to whether Kiddush should be said while standing or while seated at the table. Both practices are widespread and one should follow family tradition or the tradition of one's teachers in this matter.
", "", "", "Recite quietly: And evening came, then morning came: Recite aloud:", "the sixth day.19The words יוֹם הַשִּׁשִּׁי , the sixth day, are actually the last two words of the biblical verse that immediately precedes וַיְכֻלּוּ , which is the beginning of Kiddush. These two words are added as a preface to the actual Kiddush because the first letters of these two Hebrew words Y (yud) and H (heh) plus the first letters of the two words וַיְכֻלּוּ הַשָּׁמַיִם , V (vov) and H (heh), form the Four Letter Name of God. Because these two words are part of a verse, the Sages incorporated the preceding words, וַיְהִי עֶרֶב וַיְהִי בקֶר and there was morning and there was evening, to form a complete sentence. These words however, are said quietly as they do not relate to the Kiddush. And the heavens and the earth were completed and [so were] all their hosts. And God completed, by the seventh day,20God completed His work at the precise moment which marked the beginning of the seventh day, but nevertheless was not part of it. The Sages comment נִכְנַס בּוֹ כְּחוּט הַשַׂעֲרָה He entered into it (the seventh day) by a hairsbreadth.— Seporno His work which He had done; and He abstained on the seventh day from all His work which He had done. And God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it, for on it He abstained from all His work which God had created to do.21S.R. Hirsch translates “Which He, God, had brought into existence in order to continue the work of creation upon it.”", "(When reciting Kiddush on wine) Attention! our masters and our teachers", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Creator of the fruit of the vine.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and was pleased with us. And His holy Sabbath, with love and pleasure,22Our appointment to be the preservers of the Shabbos is not a stern command; it is actually a sign of God’s love and favor.—S.R. Hirsch He gave us for a heritage, a commemoration of the work of creation. (For this day is) the first23The Shabbos is listed first in Leviticus 23, where all the sacred festivals of the Jewish calendar are described. of the days of holy convocations commemorating the exodus from Egypt. (For us have You chosen and us have You sanctified from among all the peoples.) And Your holy Sabbath with love and pleasure You gave us for a heritage. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Sanctifier of the Sabbath.", "Each person should receive some wine from the Kiddush cup. Everybody then wash their hands and recite the berachah על נטילת ידים and the head of the household says the berachah for bread over two vhallohs,, and fivess a piecr of the challah to each preson." ], "Zemirot": [ "", "", "Whoever sanctifies the seventh day as befits it, Whoever preserves the Sabbath properly so as not to desecrate it— his reward is very great, commensurate with his actions; each man in his camp, each man with his banner.24Numbers 1:52. Lovers of Adonoy, who yearn for the building of the Temple— on the Sabbath day be happy and rejoice, as if receiving the gift of God's inheritance. Also raise your hands in holiness and say to the Almighty: “Blessed is Adonoy Who granted rest to His people Israel.”251 Kings 8:56 Seekers of Adonoy, seed of Avrohom, His beloved, who delay departing from the Sabbath and rush to welcome it; who rejoice in preserving it and to place its eiruv26An eiruv is the food which must be placed before the Shabbos in order to enable one to carry from one private domain into another. Without an eiruv the Sages forbade this carrying. An eiruv is also used to enable a person to walk beyond the 2,000-cubit Shabbos boundary. “This is the day Adonoy has made let us exult and rejoice in it.”27Psalms 118:24. Remember the Torah of Moses, which states the Sabbath commandment28Perfect observance of the Torah’s command to keep the Shabbos is impossible without the expositions of the Talmud, commentaries, and codes.—Etz Yosef engraved for the seventh day like a bride adorned amid her friends.29The commandment of the Shabbos was engraved on the two tablets God gave Moses. As the fourth of the Ten Statements, it is surrounded by its sister-mitzvos. Pure ones inherit it and sanctify it with the words, “All that He had made”30Genesis 1:31. — “And God completed by the seventh day, His work that He had done.”31Genesis 2:2. It is a holy day, from arrival till departure; all the seed of Jacob honor it according to the King's word and decree— to rest on it and to rejoice with the pleasure of food and drink— “The entire congregation of Israel will do it.”32Exodus 12:47. Extend Your kindness to those who know You, Almighty, jealous and vengeful. Those who keep the seventh day, “Recall” and “Preserve,”33There are two Scriptural versions of the Ten Commandments. The commandment of the Shabbos in Exodus 20 begins with the word זָכוֹר , recall, and in Deuteronomy 5 it begins with the word שָׁמוֹר , preserve.—Etz Yosef to fulfill, grant them joy with rebuilt Jerusalem;34The proper observance of the Shabbos brings the ultimate redemption and the rebuilding of Jerusalem.—Siach Yitzchak and with the light of Your countenance, make them radiant. “Let them be sated from the abundance of Your House, and from the stream of Your delights give them drink.”35Psalms 36:9. Help those who abstain on the seventh day— from plowing and harvesting, [may You help them] always. Those who walk on it with short strides and feast on it [eating three meals] in order to bless [You] three times— may their righteousness shine like the light of the seven days.36When God created the world, He created a brilliant light that lasted only during the seven days of creation. God preserved it for the righteous to enjoy in the World to Come.—Etz Yosef “Adonoy, God of Israel, [grant] perfect love Adonoy, God of Israel [grant] eternal deliverance.”", "", "Rest and joy, a light for the Jews.37The joy that radiates from a Jewish face on Shabbos is brighter than on any other day.—Siach Yitzchok It is a day of rest, a day of delights; its preservers and its recallers—38See note 10 to כָּל מְקַדֵּשׁ . they bear witness that in six [days], all was created: and it still exists. Heavens above the skies, earth, and seas, all the hosts of heaven high and exalted; sea monsters, and man, and mighty beasts— for with the letters yud and hey Adonoy, created worlds.39Isaiah 26:4; See Rashi to Genesis 2:4. He is the One Who told His treasured people— Be careful to sanctify it from arrival till departure— the holy Sabbath, day of His delight, for on it the Almighty abstained from all His work.40Genesis 2:2. Through the command of the Sabbath the Almighty will strengthen you. Arise, call out to Him— He will hasten to strengthen you— [Recite] “Soul of all living,”41See page 000. and also “We proclaim Your might.”42See page 000. Eat with joy, for He has already accepted you favorably.43Koheleth 9:7. With double loaves and a great Kiddush, with abundant delicacies and generous spirit, they will merit much good— those who delight in it— with the coming of the Redeemer in the life in the World-to-Come.", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "God, Master of all worlds, You are the King—the King of kings. The work of Your might and Your wondrous deeds, it is fitting to declare before You.", "refrain. God, Master of all worlds You are the King—the King of kings.", "Praises I will present morning and night to You, holy God Who created all life— holy angels and humans, beasts of the field and birds of the sky.", "refrain. God, Master of all worlds You are the King—the King of kings.", "Great are Your works and mighty— You humble the haughty and straighten the bent; were man to live a thousand years, he could not recount Your might.", "refrain. God, Master of all worlds You are the King—the King of kings.", "Almighty, to Whom belongs honor and greatness, redeem Your sheep from the mouths of lions, And bring Your people out of exile, Your people, whom You chose from all peoples.", "refrain. God, Master of all worlds You are the King—the King of kings.", "To Your Holy Temple return and to the Holy of Holies, the place where they will rejoice— spirits and souls; and they will sing to You songs and praises in Jerusalem, city of beauty.", "refrain. God, Master of all worlds You are the King—the King of kings.", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "The Rock—from His [store] we have eaten— Bless Him my faithful ones.44This verse corresponds to the phrase רַבּוֹתַי נְבָרֵךְ (See page 000) inviting the table companions to join together in saying Birchas Hamazon. We have satisfied ourselves and we have left over [some food], according to the word of Adonoy.45This phrase refers to 2 Kings 4:43, “For thus said Adonoy, ‘They shall eat, and shall leave thereof.’”", "He nourishes His world,46The first stanza of this poem is based on the first blessing of Birchas Hamazon (See page 000). our Shepherd our Father. We have eaten His bread and His wine we drank. Therefore, we give thanks to His Name, and praise Him with our mouths— saying and chanting: There is nothing so holy as Adonoy.", "Refrain: The Rock—from His [store] we have eaten— Bless [Him] my faithful ones. We have satisfied ourselves and we have left over [some food] according to the word of Adonoy.", "With song and sound of thanksgiving we will bless our God, for the land so desirably good47The second stanza relates to the second blessing of Birchas Hamazon (See page 000). that He parceled out as a heritage to our fathers. [With] food and sustenance He satisfied our souls; His kindliness overwhelmed us and Adonoy is truth.", "Refrain: The Rock—from His [store] we have eaten— Bless [Him] my faithful ones. We have satisfied ourselves and we have left over [some food] according to the word of Adonoy.", "Be compassionate with Your kindliness48The third stanza parallels the third blessing of Birchas Hamazon (See page 000.) Because these three stanzas so closely resemble the blessing of Bircchas Hamazon, some authorities warn against reciting this poem after the meal for one may thus technically fulfill his obligation to recite Birchas Hamazon. According to them, one should recite or sing the song only in mid- meal. upon Your people; our Rock, upon Zion, the dwelling-place of Your Glory, the Abode, home of our splendors. May the son of David, Your servant, come and redeem us the breath of our life— the anointed of Adonoy.", "Refrain: The Rock—from His [store] we have eaten— Bless [Him] my faithful ones. We have satisfied ourselves and we have left over [some food] according to the word of Adonoy.", "May the Temple be rebuilt,49The final stanza relates to the grace when recited over a full cup of wine. the city of Zion filled, and there we will sing a new song, and with joyous singing we will come up.50We will come up to Jerusalem with joyous singing. Jerusalem is an elevated city and the Temple is at the highest point of Jerusalem. Thus Jews always say “We are going up to Jerusalem.” The Merciful One, the Sanctified One, blessed and exalted, over a full cup of wine, the bounty of Adonoy.", "Refrain: The Rock—from His [store] we have eaten— Bless [Him] my faithful ones. We have satisfied ourselves and we have left over [some food] according to the word of Adonoy." ] }, "Shabbat Morning Services": { "Pesukei D'Zimrah": [ "The following sequence of prayers until Yishtabach (p. 94) is called Pesukei Dezimrah (verses of praise). These selected Scriptural passages were arranged by the Gaonim of the ninth century, in fulfillment of the Talmudic statement (MasechesBerachos 32a), “A person should always praise God first and make his requests [offer his prayers] afterwards.” Beginning with Baruch She'amar (p. 80), it is forbidden to interrupt your prayer with conversation until after the Shemoneh Esrei (p. 132). You are permitted to answer Amein, respond to Barechu, Kaddish and to say Kedushah even though you have passed Baruch She'amar. You are also permitted to say Modim d'Rabbonon and the first verse of the Shema together with the congregation. If you are concerned that the saying of Kerias Shema will not be within the proper time should you follow the regular order of prayers, you are permitted to recite the entire Kerias Shema during the Pesukei Dezimrah. The first 28 verses of this section are taken from 1 Chronicles 16:8-36, and the first 15 are almost identical with the first fifteen verses of Psalms 105. These prayers are mentioned in Maseches Soferim.", "Give thanks to Adonoy, proclaim His Name; make His deeds1Make His Divine attributes (mercy, kindness, etc.) known to the world.—Siach Yitzchok known among the nations. Sing to Him, compose songs to Him, speak of all His wonders. Take pride2The Jew should be proud at being found worthy to utter God’s Name.—Siddur HaGra in [uttering] His holy Name, let the heart rejoice of those who seek3Seeking God is an end in itself and provides joy to those who earnestly seek Him.—Siach Yitzchok Adonoy. Search for Adonoy and His might, seek His presence continually. Remember the wonders He has performed, His miracles,4His “miracles” were witnessed by Jew and Egyptian alike in Egypt. His “laws” are the Torah He gave us at Mt. Sinai.—Iyun Tefillah and the laws from His mouth. [You,] the seed of Israel5The entire section—the previous verses as well as the following verses—are addressed to the Jewish People, who are the seed of Israel, the chosen of God, who are asked to remember His wonders, miracles and laws.—Tzelosa d’Avrohom His servant, children of Jacob, His chosen ones. He is Adonoy our God; the entire earth is governed by His laws. Remember His covenant forever— the word He commanded to a thousand generations— which He made as a treaty with Abraham, and [which was] His oath to Isaac. He established it for Jacob as a statute, for Israel as an everlasting covenant.6This verse in following the preceding verse indicates that the original covenant which God made with Abraham was later confirmed to Isaac in an oath and then established for Jacob as a statute. After Jacob was given the name Israel, it became an everlasting covenant.—Tzelosa d’Avrohom Saying, “To you I will give the Land of Canaan, the portion of your inheritance.” When you were only few in number— very few, and strangers in it. They wandered from nation to nation, and from one kingdom to another people. He permitted no one to oppress them, and admonished kings7Both Pharaoh and Avimelech were admonished for Abraham’s sake (Genesis 13:17; 20:3,7). for their sakes. “Do not touch My anointed ones,8The Hebrew word מְשִׁיחָי can also be translated as “My great ones” and as such refers to the Patriarchs. “My prophets” refers to the Matriarchs, who were known to be prophets. Both were afforded extraordinary Divine protection.— Etz Yosef and do not harm My prophets.” Sing to Adonoy all the earth,9Siach Yitzchok maintains that this verse directs Jewry to sing to God in all the lands in which they are dispersed during their exile. Tzelosa d’Avrohom understands the verse to direct all the nations of the earth to sing to God. proclaim His deliverance from day to day.10a) We are to proclaim our deliverance by God every day; b) We are to proclaim that our deliverance by God is a daily experience.—Tzelosa d’Avrohom Recount His glory among the nations, His wonders among all the peoples. For Adonoy is great and most extolled; Awesome is He above all gods. For all the gods of the peoples are idols, whereas Adonoy made the heavens. Beauty and splendor are before Him,11The word הוד (beauty) indicates that which is itself beautiful, while הָדָר (splendor) is the reflection of beauty. For example: the sun’s light is “beauty” itself while the moon’s light is splendor—a reflection of the sun. (This definition applies only to the Hebrew terms.)— Siddur HaGra strength and joy are in His presence. Give to Adonoy families of peoples— give to Adonoy glory and might. Give to Adonoy the glory due His Name, bring an offering and come before Him, prostrate yourselves before Adonoy in the splendor of holiness.12Etz Yosef understands this as the “holy splendor” of God’s Sanctuary. Tzelosa d’Avrohom sees it as the splendor and joy of worship before God, as contrasted with secular, frivolous manifestations of beauty and splendor. Tremble before Him all [peoples of] the earth, for He established the inhabited world so that it cannot be moved. The heavens will rejoice, the earth will exult,13 Simcha (rejoicing) describes one’s feelings at a new experience of happiness, whereas gila (exultation) describes the feeling one experiences over an ongoing situation of joy. Since there is nothing new on the earth וְאֵין כָּל־חָדָשׁ תַּחַת הַשָּׁמֶשׁ (Koheles 1:9), it is said the earth will exult (gila); but the heavens will rejoice (simcha) because there is חִידוּשׁ in the heavens.— Gaon of Vilna and they will proclaim among the nations: “Adonoy has begun His reign.” The sea and its fullness will roar; the field and all that is in it will jubilate. Then the trees of the forest will sing with joy, [receding] before Adonoy when He comes to judge the earth. Give thanks to Adonoy, for He is good, for His kindness is everlasting. And say, “Deliver us, God of our deliverance; gather us and save us from the nations, to give thanks to Your holy Name, to be extolled in Your praise.”14The fact that we are privileged to sing Your praises and cling to You will make us praiseworthy.—Etz Yosef Blessed is Adonoy, the God of Israel for all eternity, and all the people said: “Amein” and [they] praised Adonoy.” Exalt Adonoy, our God, and prostrate yourselves at His footstool.15The Holy Temple. Holy is He!16Or Holy is it—i.e., the Temple. Exalt Adonoy, our God, and prostrate yourselves at His holy mountain,17Mount Moriah upon which the Holy Temple was built is holy itself even when the Temple is destroyed. The previous verse refers to the time of the Temple, the second verse refers to the period of its destruction.—Etz Yosef for Adonoy our God is holy.", "And He, the Merciful One, atones iniquity and does not destroy; He frequently withdraws His anger and does not arouse all His rage. You, Adonoy, withhold not Your mercy from me; may Your kindness and Your truth18 חֶסֶד (kindness) is the good God bestows without a promise, whereas אֱמֶת (truth) is the fulfillment of His promise.— Siach Yitzchok always protect me. Remember Your mercies Adonoy and kindnesses, for they are from the beginning of the world.19God’s mercies to mankind started from the very day that Adam was created. God created the world in order to fill it with kindness as it is said: “A world of kindness was built” (Psalms 89:3).—Rashi Give might to God,20Attribute your victories to God’s might rather than to your own.—Siach Yitzchok. Rashbam and others hold that since God’s actions are a reflection of Israel’s deeds, the latter are, in a sense, the source of His might. Thus when Israel follows the wishes of God, they give might to Him. His pride (majesty) hovers over Israel, and His might is in the clouds. You are awesome, God, from Your Sanctuaries,21There is a spiritual Temple in the heavens which corresponds to the Temple on earth.— Radak. The Talmud (Maseches Zevachim 115b) notes that the word מִמִּקְדָּשֶׁיךָ may also be read מִמְקוּדָשֶׁיךָ , from Your holy people, indicating that God is especially demanding of the most adherent to the Torah. When this occurs, the world is filled with awe and fear of God. Almighty of Israel— He grants might and power to the people; blessed is God. Almighty of vengeance, Adonoy, Almighty of vengeance, reveal Yourself.22These two verses (94:1-2) are an appeal to God during a time fraught with the sufferings of exile, when it seems as if God has forsaken His people. He is urged to reveal Himself as the Mighty champion of justice—S.R. Hirsch Arise, Judge of the earth! Repay the arrogant their just reward. Deliverance is Adonoy's.23Only God knows what is true deliverance for a person. Prayer is not always answered, because God in His infinite wisdom knows that granting the request is not always for our benefit. We must therefore bless and offer thanks to God regardless of whether our petition has been granted.—Siach Yitzchok Upon Your people is Your blessing. Selah. Adonoy of Hosts is with us, a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob. Selah. Adonoy of Hosts! Fortunate is the man who trusts in You. Adonoy, deliver [us]. The King will answer us on the day we call.", "Deliver Your people and bless Your inheritance, tend them and uplift them forever.24Radak understands David to be asking God to raise the People of Israel above their enemies. Ibn Ezra says that God is being asked to act like a shepherd who brings his flock to high ground to save them from beasts of prey. Our soul yearned for Adonoy, our help and our shield is He. For in Him our hearts will rejoice, for in His holy Name we trusted.", "May Your kindness, Adonoy, be upon us, as we have waited for You. Show us Your kindness, Adonoy, and grant25We hope to earn redemption through our deeds, but if we are found wanting, then “show us Your kindness”—overlook our deficiencies and “grant” us salvation.— Radak us Your deliverance. Arise—come to our aid, and redeem us for the sake of Your kindness. I am Adonoy, Your God, Who brought you up from the land of Egypt; open your mouth wide, and I will fill it.26Request all that you desire and I will fulfill every request.—Ibn Ezra. The Jerusalem Talmud (Maseches Taanis 3:6) indicates that the more one requests God’s providence—the “wider he opens his mouth”—the more he shows his belief in God’s ability to provide all of man’s needs. Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus, fortunate is the people for whom Adonoy is their God. In Your loving kindness I trust, My heart will exult in Your deliverance; I will sing to Adonoy, for He dealt kindly with me.27The foremost level of man’s trust in God is manifested in three situations: a) when he is confronted with trouble, b) when he seeks help, and c) after he has been helped. The Psalmist says: In my time of trouble, I trust in Your kindliness; I seek only Your help, for my heart exults in Your salvation; and I will sing to You afterwards for You have dealt kindly with me.—Siddur HaGra", "A Psalm, a song for the inauguration of the Temple, by David.28Since it was Solomon who built the Temple, why is its inauguration attributed to David? Rashi explains: David composed the song which would be sung at the inauguration later, in Solomon’s days. I will exalt You, Adonoy, for You have upheld me,29 Radak writes that the Hebrew word דִלִיתָנִי is an expression used to describe either a downtrodden or an uplifted state. The downtrodden state of the Jewish people is actually part of their uplifting says the Sfas Emes, as it is said, “when I was brought low, He delivered me” (Psalms 116:6). “My downtrodden state was the cause of my salvation,” proclaims David, just as when one lowers a bucket (דְלִי) into a well in order to bring up the water. and not let my foes rejoice over me. Adonoy, my God, I cried out to You, and You healed me. Adonoy, You have raised my soul from the lower world. You have kept me alive, lest I descend to the Pit. Sing to Adonoy, [you,] His pious ones, and give thanks to His holy Name.30The literal translation of זֵכֶר קָדְשׁו is His ‘holy remembrance,’ but it refers to His Name; for the titles we bestow upon Him are our means of remembering Him.— Radak For His anger lasts only a moment,31A moment is a measure of time. God’s anger is limited to time (be it long or short) but God’s favor is unlimited.—Sfas Emes but there is [long] life, in His conciliation. In the evening, one retires weeping, but in the morning there is [a cry of] joy! I said, in my serenity, I would never be moved. [But,] Adonoy, it was Your will [alone] that established my mountain as a stronghold. When You concealed Your Presence, I was terrified. To You, Adonoy, I called, and my Master I beseeched. What gain is there in [the shedding of] my blood? In my going down to destruction? Will the dust acknowledge You? Will it proclaim Your truth? Hear [me] Adonoy, and be gracious to me, Adonoy, be a help to me. You have turned my mourning into dancing, You have loosened my sackcloth and supported me with joy. In order that my soul32The literal translation of כָבוד is glory. Rabbi Yerucham Levovitz explained that the soul is called כָבוד because its only function is to give glory to God. might sing to You and not be stilled, Adonoy, my God, forever will I thank You.", "It is customary to stand while reciting the following paragraph.", "Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King Adonoy will be King forever and ever.", "Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King Adonoy will be King forever and ever.", "And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.", "Deliver us Adonoy, our God, and gather us from among the nations, to give thanks to Your holy Name— to be extolled in Your praise. Blessed is Adonoy, God of Israel from the world till the next world and all the people said: “Amen, Praise God.” Let every soul praise God. Praise God.", "In this psalm, David sings the praises of the Torah. The Kuzari notes that even though the skies “proclaim God's glory” and the Psalmist describes the sun so glowingly, David nevertheless concludes that in comparison to the Torah they are insignificant.
To the Chief Musician, a Psalm of David. The skies recount the glory of the Almighty, and His handiwork is related by the firmament.33 שָׁמַיִם , skies, refers to the heavenly regions beyond earth’s atmosphere, where the stars and planets orbit. רָקִיעַ , firmament, refers to the earth’s atmosphere where clouds form, and precipitation takes place. The verb לְסַפֵּר means to recount something which occurred in the past. Thus the stars and planets in the שָׁמַיִם recount the fact that long ago God created a glorious universe. The רָקִיעַ , on the other hand, relates that God’s handiwork is evidenced in the constant formation of clouds and in the precipitation of rain. The firmament enables man to recognize the constant renewal of God’s providence.— Malbim Day to day makes speech flow,34Daily renewal of the activities of creation, beginning with sunrise, stir mankind to proclaim God’s praises.—Rashi and night to night expresses wisdom.35Night after night the sun sets beneath the horizon only to rise and set again the following day. This unchanging pattern is evidence of the Divine wisdom implanted in God’s creation.—Rashi There is no speech, and there are no words; their voice is never heard.36Though the heavens have no means of verbal communication, the soul of man, with its sensitivity and perception, can understand their message clearly.—Ibn Ezra Throughout the earth, their line extends, and to the edge of the inhabited world their words, for the sun He has set a tent in their midst.37God provided the sun a permanent residence in the heavens. David describes this point to which the sun returns daily as its ‘tent’—its residence in the sky.—Metsudas Yehoshua And it [the sun] is like a groom departing his bridal chamber,38When the groom steps out of the bridal chamber, everyone rushes to greet him with great joy. Analogously, when the sun rises each day, all of creation rejoices.—Radak happy as a warrior to run on course.39A warrior is happy for the opportunity to go into battle because he has confidence in his skill and strength. Similarly, the sun rejoices knowing it will serve its Creator’s goals by running its course.—Metsudas Dovid. From one end of the skies is its rising and its circuit is to their [other] end; there is no escaping its heat. The Torah of Adonoy, is perfect, restoring the soul; the testimony of Adonoy, is trustworthy, making wise the simple [man]. The precepts of Adonoy, are upright, rejoicing the heart; the commandment of Adonoy, is lucid, enlightening the eyes.40Every command of God is flawless, lighting the way for those who walk in His way. Those who ignore His commands stumble in darkness.— Radak The fear of Adonoy, is pure, it endures forever; the judgments of Adonoy, are true, they are righteous in unison.41They are all in total harmony. There is no contradiction between them.—Ibn Ezra More desirable than gold, even more than quantities of fine gold;42 פָּז is the purest form of refined gold. and sweeter than honey, or the drippings of honeycombs. Even Your servant is careful of them, since they guard43Because the Divine reward is contingent on fulfilling God’s commands, they are ‘guardians’ of that reward.—Metsudas Yehoshua great reward. Errors—who can comprehend? From hidden [faults], cleanse me. Also from willful [sins] spare Your servant, let them not rule me,44David’s request is paraphrased in the concluding blessing of the בִּרְכוֹת הַשַּׁחַר , וְאַל יִשְׁלֹט בָּנוּ יֵצֶר הָרַע , “Let us not be ruled by the Evil Inclinaation,” David knows full well that God does not interffere with man’s free choise; he only asks for DDivine help to keep him from becoming a prisoneerr evil.—Gaon of Vilna then I will be strong and will be cleansed of gross transgression. May they be acceptable— the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart before You, Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "In this psalm, David expresses the joy of the righteous in the Divine Providence of God in every aspect of the world and in the affairs of man. For the righteous see the “laws of nature” only as an external cloak, concealing the true supervision of God. They see through the laws of nature and perceive the Divine order and providence of the Creator.
Joyfully exult in Adonoy, [you] righteous ones, for the upright, praise is fitting. Thank Adonoy with the harp, with the ten-stringed lyre sing to Him. Sing Him a new song, play skillfully with jubilation. For upright is the word of Adonoy and all His deeds [are done] with faithfulness. He loves righteousness and justice the kindliness of Adonoy fills the earth. By the word of God, the heavens were made, and by the breath of His mouth, all their hosts. He gathers like a mound the waters of the sea, He places in vaults the deep waters. Fear Adonoy, all the earth, of Him, be in dread all dwellers of the inhabited world. For He spoke and it became; He commanded and it stood. Adonoy annuls the counsel of nations, He disrupts the intention of peoples. The counsel of Adonoy will stand forever, the thoughts of His heart throughout all generations. Fortunate is the nation for whom Adonoy is their God, the people He chose as His heritage. From the heavens, Adonoy looks [down], He sees all mankind. From His dwelling place, He watches intently all the inhabitants of the earth. He forms their hearts all together;45The Talmud (Sanhedrin 37a) states: When a man mints many coins from the same mold, they are all exactly alike, but God formed all of mankind from Adam and no two men look exactly alike. The Sages in Berachos 58a add: just as no two faces are alike, so are no two personalities alike. Thus even though God made them all together, each has his own unique personality. He perceives all their doings. A king is not saved by a great army; a mighty man is not rescued with [his] great strength. A horse is deceptive [assurance] for deliverance, and with its great strength it provides no escape. Behold, the eye of Adonoy is on those who fear Him, on those who wait for His kindliness. To rescue their soul from death, and to keep them alive during famine. Our soul yearned for Adonoy, our help and our shield is He. For in Him our heart will rejoice, for in His holy Name we trust, May Your kindliness, Adonoy, be upon us, as we have waited for You.", "This psalm is based entirely on an event that took place in David's personal life as related in 1 Samuel 21:11-16. Forced to flee from Saul, he took refuge among the Philistines, where he was recognized as the slayer of Goliath. In order to escape death at the hands of his foes, David pretended to be an imbecile, and was sent away unharmed by King Avimelech.
Of David, When he acted insane in the presence of Avimelech and he [Avimelech] drove him away, and he [David] left. I will bless Adonoy at all times constantly is His praise in my mouth. In Adonoy does my soul take pride,46David is proud that he is worthy of uttering God’s Name. the humble will hear [this] and rejoice. Declare the greatness of Adonoy with me, and let us exalt His Name together. I sought Adonoy and He responded to me; and from all my fears He saved me. [Those who] look to Him are enlightened and their faces are never darkened [humiliated]. This poor man47David describes himself as a helpless indigent waiting for God’s compassion.—Radak called and Adonoy heard; and from all his troubles, He delivered him. The angel of Adonoy encamps around those who fear Him and sets them free. Taste and see that Adonoy is good;48Seporno says that taste refers to the senses whereas see refers to the intellect. fortunate is the man who takes refuge in Him. Fear Adonoy, [you] His holy ones, for there is no deprivation for those who fear Him. Young lions feel want and hunger, but those who seek Adonoy will not lack any good thing. Come children, listen to me, fear of Adonoy will I teach you. Who is the man who desires life,49David does not say הֶחָפֵץ בַּחַיִּים ‘he who takes pleasure in life’ but הֶחָפֵץ חַיִּים , ‘he who desires life,’ whose only goal is life; that is, he desires to attain such a level of existence as can truly be called life. — S.R. Hirsch and loves days that he may see good? Guard your tongue from evil, and your lips from speaking deceitfully. Turn from evil and do good, seek peace and pursue it. The eyes of Adonoy are toward the righteous, and His ears [are open] to their cry. The face50The expression פְּנֵי ה' , Face of God, describes Divine anger. See Leviticus 20:5, וֵשַׂמְתִּי אֲנִי אֶת פָּנַי בָּאִישׁ הַהוּא , “And I will set my Face against that man.” of Adonoy is set against evildoers to excise from earth, their memory. They51They refers to the righteous ones (Rashi) and to the the repentant sinners (Ibn Ezra). cry out and Adonoy hears and from all their troubles, He saves them. Adonoy is close to the broken-hearted and those crushed in spirit, He delivers. Many evils befall a righteous man, and from all of them, Adonoy saves him. He preserves all his bones, not one of them is broken. The cause of death of the wicked is evil; and the haters of the righteous are doomed. Adonoy liberates the soul of His servants, and none are doomed who take refuge in Him.", "According to our Sages, Psalms 90 through 101, were said by Moses. According to Radak, David actually found this psalm in its written form and knowing it to be the prayer of Moses, included it in his book of psalms. It speaks of the frailty of man and the brevity of his life and asks for God's compassion and favor despite his wrongdoings.
A prayer of Moses, the man of God: My Master a dwelling[-place] have You been for us in every generation. Before the mountains were born, and You brought forth the earth and the inhabited world; from world to world52From before this world to the next world You are Almighty. You are Almighty. You push man down until the crushing point53You permit the sinner to return in penitence even till the very last moment of his life.—Iyun Tefiloh and You say, “Return, children of man!”54You constantly call the sinner to return, reminding him of the brevity of his life.—Iyun Tefiloh For a thousand years are in Your eyes like the yesterday that has just passed, and like a night watch. The stream of their life is [but] slumber, in the morning they are as grass, freshly grown. [If] in the morning it blossoms, and grows afresh by evening it is cut off and shriveled. So are we consumed by Your anger and by Your rage are we terrified. You have set our iniquities before You, the sins of our youth55Others translate ‘our hidden sins [are exposed]’ see Metsudas Dovid before the light of Your countenance. For all our days vanish in Your wrath; we terminate our years like an unspoken word. The days of our years in them56In them refers to the iniquities and the youth mentioned two verses before.—Rashi [total] seventy years, and with strength, eighty years, and their pride is frustration and falsehood; for, cut off quickly, we fly away.57Not only is the span of our lives brief, but our few allotted years fly by swiftly.—Iyun Tefiloh Who can [get to] know the force of Your anger? And like the fear of You so is Your wrath.58Just as God is feared, so too is His wrath harsh when He punishes sinners.—Rashi To count our days, teach us and we will acquire a heart of wisdom. Turn Adonoy—how long?59Turn away from Your wrath! How much longer will You make us suffer?—Targum And change Your mind about Your servants. Satisfy us in the morning60The Sages say that the morning refers to the time of our redemption after the long, black nights of exile. with Your kindliness, and we will sing and rejoice throughout our days.61If You show us kindliness in the morning of our youth, showing us the way of righteousness; we will rejoice and sing in our old age. Make us rejoice62Make us rejoice in the era of the Messiah for as long as we suffered in exile. like the days You afflicted us, the years [when] we saw evil. Let be revealed to Your servants, Your deeds and Your splendor be upon their children. May the pleasantness of my Master our God be upon us,63In this closing verse, Moses prays that the Divine Presence rest on the Jewish nation exclusively. and the work of our hands established for us, and the work of our hands—establish it.", "This Psalm, composed by Moses on the day the Tabernacle was completed, is a source of inspiration to all who seek the Almighty as their refuge and fortress.
He who dwells in the shelter of the Supreme One, under the protection of Shadai he will abide. I say of Adonoy, [He is] my refuge and my stronghold, my God in Whom I trust. For He will save you from the snare-trap, from destructive pestilence. With His wings He will cover you and beneath His wings, you will find refuge; His truth is a shield, a full shield. You will not fear the terror of night, nor the arrow that flies by day. The pestilence that prowls in darkness, nor the deadly plague that ravages at noon. A thousand will fall at your [left] side, and ten thousand at your [right] side but it64‘It’ refers to ‘arrow,’ pestilence,’ and ‘plague’ of the previous verse. shall not come near you. Only65You will only see the destruction but you will not be harmed by it. with your eyes will you behold and see the punishment of the wicked. For you [have proclaimed]: “Adonoy is my refuge,” the Supreme One you have made your dwelling. No evil shall befall you, and no plague shall come near your tent. For His angels He will command on your behalf— to guard you in all your ways. They will carry you upon their hands, lest you hurt your foot on a rock. You will tread upon lion and snake, you will trample young lion and serpent. Because he clings to Me with desire, I will save him; I will strengthen him, for he knows My Name. When he calls upon Me, I will answer him; I am with him in distress, I will free him and honor him. I will satiate him with longevity, and will let him see My deliverance. I will satiate him with longevity, and will let him see My deliverance.", "A Psalm. Sing to Adonoy, a new song66God will remember the kindness He promised to Israel, because of His faithfulness.— Etz Yosef for He has performed wonders; His right hand effected deliverance for Him [as did] His holy arm. Adonoy has made known67This Psalm, like the previous ones, refers to the future when God will render final judgment on the world and its inhabitants. His deliverance, before the eyes of the nations He has revealed His justice. He remembered His kindliness and faithfulness68This will be made known through His prophets.—Etz Yosef to the House of Israel; all the ends of the earth have seen the deliverance of our God. Raise your voice unto Adonoy all [inhabitants of] the earth! burst forth into exultation, sing, and play music! Play to Adonoy with a harp, with harp and the sound of music. With trumpets and the sound of the shofar raise your voices before the King, Adonoy. The sea and its fullness, will roar with joy! [also] the world and those who dwell therein. Rivers will clap hands, together, mountains will sing. Before Adonoy when He comes to judge the earth; He will judge mankind with righteousness and peoples with uprightness.", "A Song of Ascents. I will lift my eyes to the mountains: from where will my help come? My help comes from Adonoy, Maker of heaven and earth. He will not let your foot slip, He will not slumber—your Guardian. Behold, He does not slumber nor does He sleep—the Guardian of Israel! Adonoy is your Guardian, Adonoy is your shelter at your right hand. By day the sun will not smite you, nor the moon at night. Adonoy will guard you from all evil; He will preserve your soul. Adonoy will guard your going and coming, from now and forever.", "A Song of Ascents of David. I rejoiced when they said to me, “To the House of Adonoy let us go.” Our feet stood within your gates, Jerusalem. Jerusalem which is built as a city that fosters togetherness. There the tribes went up, the tribes of God, as a testimony of Israel; to give thanks to the Name of Adonoy. For there, were set thrones for judgment, thrones of the House of David. Inquire after the peace of Jerusalem; may those who love you enjoy serenity. Peace be within your walls, serenity within your palaces. For the sake of my brethren and companions, I will say, “Peace be with you.” For the sake of the House of Adonoy our God, I will seek your good.", "A Song of Ascents. To You I will lift my eyes, [to You] Who dwells in heaven. Behold, as the eyes of servants [look] toward the hand of their master, as the eyes of a maiden [look] toward the hand of her mistress; so our eyes [look] toward Adonoy our God until he is gracious to us. Be gracious to us, Adonoy, be gracious to us for we are fully satiated with humiliation. Our soul is fully satiated with the scorning of those who are at ease, with the humiliation of the arrogant oppressors.", "A Song of Ascents of David. “Had it not been for Adonoy Who was for us,” let Israel now say. “Had it not been for Adonoy Who was for us, when men rose up against us. They would have then swallowed us alive, when their wrath blazed against us. The waters would have then swept us away, affliction would have passed over our soul. Then over our soul would have gone the impetuous waters. Blessed is Adonoy, Who did not give us as prey to their teeth. Our soul escaped as a bird out of the fowler's snare; the snare is broken and we escaped. Our help is in the Name of Adonoy, Maker of heaven and earth.”", "In this psalm, David praises God for choosing the people of Isreal as His treasured people. He also speaks of those who will ultimately be worthy of serving Him, in the rebuilt House of God, in the Messianic era.
Praise God, Praise the Name of Adonoy, Praise [Him], servants of Adonoy. [You] who stand in the House of Adonoy, in the courtyards of the House of our God. Praise God, for Adonoy is good, sing to His Name which is pleasant. For God chose Jacob to be His, Israel for His treasure. For I know that Adonoy is great, our Master [is greater] than all gods. All that was desired by Adonoy, He has done in heaven and on earth, in the seas and all the depths. He causes clouds to rise from the ends of the earth; lightning for the rain He makes; He brings forth winds from His vaults. He struck down the firstborn of Egypt both man and beast. He sent signs and wonders into the midst of Egypt, upon Pharaoh and upon all his servants. For He smote many nations, and slew mighty kings: Sichon, King of the Amorites, and Og, King of the Bashan, and all the kingdoms of Canaan. And He gave their lands as an inheritance, an inheritance to Israel, His people. Adonoy is Your Name forever, Adonoy is Your mention for generations. For Adonoy judges His people,69According to Seporno, the verse is translated, ‘When Adonoy judges on behalf of His people, referring to the judgement of all who oppressed the Jewish people. and upon His servants will He relent. The idols70 עֲצַבֵּי is related to עֶצֶב which means ‘sadness’ or ‘grief.’ Idols bring only grief to those who depend on them.— Radak of the nations, are of silver and gold, products of human hands: They have a mouth but do not speak; they have eyes but do not see. They have ears but do not listen; nor is there any breath in their mouth. Like them let their makers be— all who trust in them. House of Israel, bless Adonoy!71The entire house of Israel is urged to bless God Who set us apart from the other nations and made us His people. Israel is told to bless God for its own unique position and manner of serving Him.— Ibn Ezra House of Aaron, bless Adonoy! House of Levi, bless Adonoy! [You] who fear Adonoy,72This refers to those among the nations who converted to Judaism because of their fear and recognition of God. bless Adonoy! Blessed is Adonoy from Zion, He Who dwells in Jerusalem. Praise God.", "The Talmud ( Pesachim 118a) calls this psalm הַלֵל הַגָדוֹל, the great praise, because it describes how God, enthroned on high, sustains every living creature. The first twenty four verses call on us to thank God, the Master of the Universe, Who created it, redeemed us from Egypt, caused us to inherit the lands of Sichon and Og, and delivered us from our enemies. The twenty-fifth verse, נוֹתֵן לֶחֶם לְכָל בָּשָׂר, He gives food to all flesh, is viewed as the climax of the entire psalm . Feeding every creature, day in and day out, is the greatest manifestation of God's provident kindliness. Though He rules in supreme splendor, God is close to the needs of every creature.
Thank Adonoy for He is good, for His kindliness endures forever.73This refrain is repeated in all twenty-six verses of the Psalm. We thereby declare that each act of kindliness for which we thank God is not of a temporary nature, lasting merely a day or a year. The effect of His kindliness endures forever, and we continually reap the benefits of every act of Divine kindliness.—Sfas Emes", "Thank the God of gods, for His kindliness endures forever.", "Thank the Master of masters, for His kindliness endures forever.", "He Who does great wonders, alone, for His kindliness endures forever.", "He Who makes the heavens, with understanding, for His kindliness endures forever.", "He Who spreads the earth over the waters, for His kindliness endures forever.", "He Who makes the great luminaries, for His kindliness endures forever.", "The sun to rule by day, for His kindliness endures forever.", "The moon and stars to rule by night, for His kindliness endures forever.", "He Who struck Egypt through their firstborn, for His kindliness endures forever.", "He brought Israel out of their midst, for His kindliness endures forever.", "With a strong hand and outstretched arm, for His kindliness endures forever.", "He Who parted the Sea of Reeds into parts,74The sea was divided into twelve parts, so that each tribe crossed on its own route. for His kindliness endures forever.", "And He made Israel pass through it for His kindliness endures forever.", "And He threw Pharaoh and his army into the Sea of Reeds, for His kindliness endures forever.", "He Who led His people through the wilderness for His kindliness endures forever.", "He Who struck great kings, for His kindliness endures forever.", "And He slew mighty kings, for His kindliness endures forever.", "Sichon, king of the Amorites, for His kindliness endures forever.", "And Og, king of the Bashan, for His kindliness endures forever.", "And gave their land as an inheritance, for His kindliness endures forever.", "An inheritance to Israel, His servant, for His kindliness endures forever.", "In our lowliness, He remembered us, for His kindliness endures forever.", "And He freed us from our oppressors, for His kindliness endures forever.", "He gives food to all flesh, for His kindliness endures forever.", "Thank the Almighty of heaven for His kindliness endures forever.75The twenty six verses in this psalm symbolize the twenty six generations of man from Creation till the Torah was given. These generations were sustained solely by virtue of God’s kindliness even though they did not have the merit of Torah.", "Strength and faithfulness [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "understanding and blessing [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "loftiness and greatness [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "knowledge and speech [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "beauty and splendor [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "designation of time and steadfastness [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "purity and brightness [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "valour and might [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "order and pureness [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "Oneness and awe [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "the crown and the honor [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "teaching and wisdom [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "kingship and rule [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "beauty and victory [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "eminence and exaltation [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "power and humility [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "redemption and adornment [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "the glory and the righteousness [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "the acclaim and the holiness [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "shouts of joy and grandeur [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "song and praise [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally;", "[hymns] of praise and glory [pertain] to Him Who lives eternally.", "This blessing introduces the Pesukei Dezimrah . It was mentioned by Rabbi Isaac Alfasi (Rif) over 800 years ago in his commentary to Maseches Berachos 32. The Taz (Orach Chaim 51:1) states that this prayer was instituted by the “Men of the Great Assembly.” The blessing contains eighty-seven words suggesting the numerical value of פָּז poz, refined gold.", "Blessed is He Who spoke, and the world came into being, blessed is He; blessed is He Who says and does;1God’s saying and doing are synonymous and simultaneous as it is said, “By the word of God the heavens were made” (Psalms 33:6).—Etz Yosef blessed is He Who decrees and fulfills;2“Says and does” refers to those things that are not lasting and must be renewed whereas, “He decrees and fulfills,” refers to those things that have קִיוּם , and last forever.— Tzelosa d’Avrohom blessed is He Who maintains the creation; blessed is He Who has compassion on the earth; blessed is He Who has compassion on the creatures;3Not only is God’s compassionate providence concerned with the earth and enduring things, but His compassion and providence extend even to those creatures which are destined to perish.—Avudraham blessed is He Who rewards well those who fear Him, blessed is He Who lives forever and exists eternally; blessed is He Who redeems and saves4God redeems those who are in captivity and saves others from being taken in captivity. blessed is His Name. Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe, the Almighty, the merciful Father, Who is verbally extolled by His people, praised and glorified by the tongue of His pious ones, and His servants, and through the songs of David Your servant. We will extoll You, Adonoy our God, with praises and psalms; we will exalt, praise, and glorify You; and proclaim You we will mention Your Name, our King, our God. Unique One, Life of the worlds, King, praised and glorified forever is His great Name. Blessed are You, Adonoy, King, Who is extolled with praises.", "A Psalm, a song for the Shabbos day. It is good to thank5The Sabbath, more than other days, lends itself to offering praise and thanksgiving to God. When man rests from his physical labor and is relieved of material concerns, his soul is free to pursue the intellectual and spiritual aspects of life. These pursuits lead him to serve God and to praise Him.—Radak Adonoy, and sing praise to Your Name, Most High. To relate Your kindliness in the morning, and Your faithfulness in the nights.6We will proclaim His kindliness in the morning of redemption. And while yet in the darkness of exile we proclaim our belief in His faithfulness.—Rashi Upon a ten-stringed instrument and lute, in meditation upon the harp. For You have given me joy, Adonoy, with Your deeds, at the work of Your hands7The Sabbath day of rest affords me the opportunity to observe and appreciate the greatness of Your work.—Radak I sing joyously. How great are Your works, Adonoy; how infinitely profound are Your thoughts.8God’s ‘works’ are the visible creation, while His ‘thoughts’ are the Divine purpose behind each created thing.—Seporno An empty-headed man cannot know, nor does a fool understand this: When the wicked bloom like grass, and all the evildoers blossom— it is so that they may be destroyed forever. But You will remain on high forever Adonoy. For behold, Your enemies, Adonoy; For behold, Your enemies shall perish; dispersed shall be all evildoers. You uplifted my horn9Others translate, ‘You have increased my might like that of the wild ram.’ like that of a unicorn; I am saturated with fresh oil. My eye has seen [the defeat of] those who spy on me; of the wicked who rise against me, my ears have heard [that they are doomed]. The righteous will blossom like a date palm, like a cedar10The palm and the cedar both enjoy a long life span and flourish during all seasons. Thus they symbolize the lasting happiness of the righteous in contrast to the short prosperity of the wicked. in Lebanon, he will grow tall. Planted in the House of Adonoy, in the courtyards of our God they will blossom. They will still be fruitful in old age; they will be full of sap and freshness. To declare that Adonoy is upright; He is my Stronghold; in Whom there is no injustice.", "Adonoy had begun His reign He has clothed Himself with majesty;11On the sixth day, the Levites sang Psalm 93, ‘Adonoy is King, He has clothed Himself in majesty,’ because He completed the work of creating and reigned over all His creatures.—Rosh Hashana 31a Adonoy has clothed Himself, He has girded Himself with strength. He has firmly established the world so that it cannot be moved. Your throne stands firm from of old, You are from eternity. The rivers have raised—Adonoy— the rivers have raised their voice, the rivers raise their raging waves. More than the sound of many waters, mightier than the breakers of the sea Mighty on high, are You, Adonoy. Your testimonies are extremely faithful, holiness is becoming to Your House, Adonoy—for the length of days.", "The glory of Adonoy will endure forever; Adonoy will rejoice in His works.12Psalms 104:31. The Name of Adonoy will be blessed from now forever. From the rising of the sun to its setting, praised is the Name of Adonoy. High above all nations is Adonoy, above the heavens is His glory.13Psalms 113:24. Adonoy, Your Name14God’s “Name” is the name spelled Yud-Hey-Vuv-Hey. is forever, Adonoy, Your Mention15 is for generations.16Psalms 135:13. Adonoy has established His throne in heaven, [but] His dominion rules over all.17Psalms 103:19. The heavens will rejoice, the earth will exult, and they will proclaim among the nations: “Adonoy has begun His reign.18I Chronicles 16:31. Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King; Adonoy will be King forever and ever.” Adonoy will reign for all eternity [when] nations have perished from His earth.19Psalms 10:16. Adonoy annuls the counsel of nations, He disrupts the intention of peoples.20Psalms 33:10. Many thoughts are in the heart of man, but [only] Adonoy's counsel will endure.21Proverbs 19:21. The counsel of Adonoy will stand forever, the thoughts of His heart throughout all generations.22Psalms 33:11. For He spoke and it came to be; He commanded and it stood.23Psalms 33:9. For Adonoy has chosen Zion; He desired it for His dwelling place.24Psalms 132:13. For God chose Jacob to be His, Israel for His treasure.25Psalms 135:4. For Adonoy will not cast off His people, and His inheritance, He will not abandon.26Psalms 94:13. And He, the Merciful One, atones iniquity; and does not destroy. He frequently withdraws His anger and does not arouse all His rage.27Psalms 78:38. Adonoy, deliver [us!] The King will answer us on the day we call.28Psalms 20:10.", "Fortunate are those who dwell in Your house;29This verse referred to the Kohanim and the Levites who served (dwelt) in the Holy Temple (Your House); it is at all times applicable to scholars and devout men who study and pray in houses of worship and study. may they continue to praise You, Selah.30Psalms 84:5 Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus; fortunate is the people for whom Adonoy is their God.31Psalms 144:15 A praise by David! I will exalt You, my God, the King, and bless Your Name forever and ever. Every day I will bless You32According to Rav S.R. Hirsch, David here declares, “I will dedicate myself to serve You and to fulfill Your will in loyal obedience,” for in serving God, man causes His Name to be blessed. and extol Your Name forever and ever. Adonoy is great and highly extolled, and His greatness is unfathomable. One generation to another will praise Your works, and Your mighty acts they will declare. The splendor of Your glorious majesty, and the words33Not simply נִפְלְאתֶיךָ —a report of Your wonders—but דִבְרֵי נִפְלְאתֶיךָ the “words”—the lessons that Your wonders teach.— S.R. Hirsch of Your wonders I will speak. Of Your awesome might, they34People in general will speak of God’s wondrous might in punishing the wicked (Sodom, Egypt, etc.) while David will proclaim that God’s greatness is measured more by His kindliness than by His awesomeness.—Siach Yitzchok will speak, and Your greatness I will recount. Mention of Your bountifulness they will express, and in Your righteousness joyfully exult. Adonoy is gracious and merciful,35He is gracious in bestowing reward and merciful in punishment.—Siach Yitzchok slow to anger and great in kindliness. Adonoy is good to all, His mercy encompasses all His works. All Your works will thank You, Adonoy, and Your pious ones will bless You.36Your works which are the cause of your being thanked by sensitive people; similarly, cause your pious ones to bless You.—based on S.R. Hirsch. Of the honor of Your kingship, they will speak, and Your might they will declare. To reveal to men His mighty acts, and the glorious splendor of His kingship. Your kingship is the kingship for all times, and Your dominion is in every generation. Adonoy supports all the fallen, and straightens all the bent. The eyes of all look expectantly to You, and You give them their food at its proper time. You open Your hand and satisfy the desire of every living being. Adonoy is just in all His ways and benevolent in all His deeds.37The penalties for transgressions are just, but God is gracious in the actual punishment inflicted on the sinner.—Siddur HaGra Adonoy is near to all who call upon Him, to all who call upon Him in truth.38He is near to all who call upon Him, but His nearness can be perceived only by those who call upon Him in truth, who truly mean to have God enter into their lives.—S.R. Hirsch The will of those who fear Him, He fulfills; He hears their cry and delivers them.39While God hears all who cry unto Him in truth, He answers those who fear Him, who subject their desires to His will.—Siach Yitzchok Adonoy watches over all those who love Him, and will destroy all the wicked. Praise of Adonoy, my mouth will declare and all flesh will bless His holy Name forever and ever. And we will bless God from now forever. Praise God.40 Psalms 115:18. You should pause between עוֹלָם and הַלְלוּיָהּ . Similarly, in all the Psalms , the word הַלְלוּיָהּ is not connected to the preceding verse.", "Praise God! My soul, praise Adonoy. I will praise Adonoy with my life; I will sing to my God as long as I live. Do not place your trust [even] in noble men,41According to the Sages, it is implied that one should not rely even on the merit of his sainted ancestors, the Patriarchs, for deliverance. in man who has no [power of] deliverance. [When] his spirit departs, he returns to his earth;42Only the four cubits of ground which will receive him one day are his; of all the world they are the one possession which is guaranteed to him.—S.R. Hirsch on that day his plans come to naught. Fortunate [is he] when the Almighty of Jacob is his help,43Jacob, more than anyone, sensed God’s nearness and protection throughout his difficult life and through all the trials to which he was subjected.—S.R. Hirsch whose expectation is on Adonoy, his God. He makes heaven and earth, the sea and all that is in them; He keeps His promises faithfully forever.44He alone has always proven dependable and faithful, for there are no limits to His essence and to His power.—Ibn Ezra, Radak He performs justice for the oppressed; He gives bread to the hungry; Adonoy releases the imprisoned. Adonoy gives sight to the blind; Adonoy straightens the bent. Adonoy loves the righteous. Adonoy protects strangers; the orphan and widow He enables to stand firm; and the way of the wicked He thwarts. Adonoy will reign forever; your God, Zion, throughout all generations. Praise God.", "Praise God! for it is good to sing to our God; for [His] praise is pleasant, befitting. The builder of Jerusalem is Adonoy; the banished ones of Israel He will gather. [He is] the Healer of the broken-hearted and [also] binds up their wounds.45Others render “their sorrows.” Both translations co-exist! God not only heals their physical pains but also abbreviates their sorrows as well. He fixes the number of stars; He calls all of them by names.46Not one of the myriad stars was created accidentally; each has a unique purpose and function.—Siach Yitzchok Great is our Master and abundant in power; His understanding is beyond reckoning. Adonoy causes the humble to stand firm; He casts down the wicked to the ground. Cry out to Adonoy in thanksgiving; sing to our God with the harp.47Each musical instrument has its unique function. In the times of King David, the harp was used to arouse those who slept. The psalmist may be indicating that the harp arouses the sleeping soul of man to recognition of the miraculous ways in which God shows His Divine Providence for us every day.—Siach Yitzchok [He] Who covers the heaven with clouds, Who prepares rain for the earth; Who causes grass to grow upon the hills. Who gives the animal its fodder; [also] to the young ravens which call. Not the power of the horse does He desire, nor the thighs of man does He want.48God does not delight in those who place their trust in the strength of horses or in their own strength.—Tzelosa d’Avrohom Adonoy wants those who fear Him, those who hope for His kindliness. Jerusalem, praise Adonoy; Zion, extol your God.49The Psalmist addresses the dwellers in Jerusalem and Zion, not the city itself.—Tzelosa d’Avrohom For He has fortified the bars of your gates; He has blessed your children in your midst. He established peace at your border; with prime wheat He satisfies you. He dispatches His command earthward; His word races swiftly. He provides snow like fleece, He scatters frost like ashes. He hurls His ice like crumbs; who can withstand His cold? He dispatches His word and melts them; He blows His wind, they flow as water. He declares His word to Jacob, His statutes and His laws to Israel.50Israel is the receiver and preserver of God’s divine Law, the Torah, which includes chukim, statutes which confine the physical, sensual aspects of man within the bounds of moral purity, and also mishpotim, laws which govern communal life. Among the nations, law is determined by the views they hold at a given time and place concerning the needs of a society, and so their laws are based on expediency.—S.R. Hirsch He did not do so to any [other] nation; and of His laws they were not informed. Praise God.", "Praise God. Praise Adonoy from the sky; Praise Him in the heights! Praise Him, all His angels; Praise Him, all His hosts! Praise Him, sun and moon; Praise Him, all the stars of light. Praise Him, skies of skies, and the waters that are above the skies.51Genesis 1:6-7 indicates that there are waters above the heavens. They will praise the Name of Adonoy, for He commanded it and they were created. He established them for all time,52The heavenly bodies, unlike humans and earthly things, were created from materials that do not deteriorate.—Kuzari for as long as the world exists; He decreed it and it is unalterable.53None of the heavenly bodies transgresses the Divine decree about its functions in the role for which it was created. The sun never violates its mandate to serve by day or the moon by night. According to Ibn Ezra, the verse might also be translated “He issued a decree which will not pass away,” for God’s decree is permanent and immutable. Praise Adonoy from the earth, sea-monsters and all [that dwell in] the depths. Fire and hail, snow and vapor, stormwind, [all] fulfilling His word. The mountains and all the hills, fruit trees and all cedars. Wild beasts and all animals, creeping things and winged fowl. Earthly kings and all peoples, ministers and all earthly judges. Young men and also maidens, elders together with lads.54Elders and youngsters praise God together while the young men must be separated from the maidens. In the Temple separate facilities were erected for the women. So too must there be separate seating in our synagogues. They will praise the Name of Adonoy, for His Name alone is exalted; His majesty is over the earth and the skies. He will raise the might of His people, [which is] praise for all His pious ones, for the Children of Israel, the people near55The fulfillment of the last two verses will take place in the Messianic era. to Him. Praise God.", "Praise God. Sing a new song to Adonoy,56The old songs will not suffice to express the joy at the wonders in the Messianic future.—Radak His praise in the assembly of the pious. Israel will rejoice in its Maker; the children of Zion will exult in their King.57Israel is the nation as a whole, the children of Zion are the elite of the people.—Seporno They will praise His Name with dance; with drum and harp they will make music to Him. Because Adonoy desires His people; He will adorn the humble with deliverance.58Although God desires all His people, nevertheless, our ultimate salvation will come through the merit of His humble ones.—Rav Simcha Bunim of Pczyscha The pious will rejoice in honor; they will sing joyously upon their beds. High praises of the Almighty in their throats, and a double-edged sword in their hand.59One’s praise of God emanating from deep within him, (not mere lip service) becomes a two-edged sword, for it protects him against attack from his fellow men and it guards him from adversity in the approaching Divine judgment.—S.R. Hirsch To perform vengeance upon the nations, chastisement upon the peoples. To bind their kings with chains, and their nobles with iron fetters. To execute upon them [the] written judgment; it60The Divine judgment itself is honor and recognition for those who commit their entire lives and efforts to God.—S.R. Hirsch is the splendor of all His pious ones. Praise God.", "Praise God. Praise the Almighty in His Sanctuary61His “Sanctuary” refers to the world of angels who minister to Him as He appears on His throne.—Radak Praise God in the firmament of His might62The firmament of His might refers to the heavenly spheres through which God reveals His mastery over the physical world.—Radak Praise Him for His mighty deeds; Praise Him according to the abundance of His greatness. Praise Him with the blowing of the shofar;63The shofar is the solemn instrument which awakens and calls us to God.—S.R. Hirsch praise Him with lyre and harp.64Lyre and harp are instruments which express man’s meditation upon God.—S.R. Hirsch Praise Him with drum and dance.65Drum and dance are public manifestations of exultation in God.—S.R. Hirsch Praise Him with stringed instruments and flute.66Stringed instruments and the flute may serve to express the quieter rejoicing of an individual.—S.R. Hirsch Praise Him with resounding cymbals.67The cymbal is an instrument of extremely loud sound which may serve to call whole groups to attentive participation.—S.R. Hirsch Praise Him with clanging cymbals. Let every soul praise God. Praise God. Let every soul praise God. Praise God.68This verse is repeated to mark the end of the Psalms included in the Pesukei d’Zimrah.—Avudraham", "Blessed is Adonoy forever, Amein and Amein!69Psalms 89:53. God is the eternal source of blessing. We merely declare His blessedness, we do not bless Him. Blessed is Adonoy from Zion, Who dwells in Jerusalem. Praise God.70Psalms 135:21. Blessed is Adonoy, God, God of Israel Who alone performs wonders.71“Alone” means without intermediaries (Malbim); also without the beneficiary’s awareness (Gaon of Vilna). And blessed is the Name of His glory forever, and may His glory fill the whole earth. Amein and Amein!72Psalms 72:18-19. This verse will be fulfilled in Messianic times when all men will be invested with a true awareness of God’s majesty. The prophet (Isaiah 11:9) foretells, “For (then) the earth shall be filled with the knowledge of Adonoy as the waters cover the sea.”—Radak", "The custom of reciting the following additions to Pesukei Dezimrah is men- tioned as early as the Gaonic era, specifically by Rav Amram Gaon. These verses were incorporated into our daily prayers because they speak so eloquently of God's majesty, and of the Divine providence which is the source of the power, riches, might, and honor of all human beings. The first four verses (1 Chronicles 29:10-13) relate David's blessing to God, when he presented the gold, silver, and jewels he amassed for the construction of the Holy Temple. It was a day of great rejoicing as, following David's example, the leaders and princes also presented generous gifts for the construction of the Temple.", "And David blessed Adonoy in the presence of all the assembly; and David said, Blessed are You, Adonoy, God of Israel, our father,73David singles out Jacob because he was the first Patriarch to mention building a house of God (Genesis 28:22), “Then shall this stone which I have set for a pillar be God’s house.”—Radak forever and ever. Yours, Adonoy, is the greatness, the might, the glory the victory and the beauty,74David thus renders unto God the greatness God has given him. His might in war, his victories in battle, and the majesty of his kingdom, are all due to God’s providence.—Iyun T’filah for all that is in heaven and on earth [is Yours]; Yours, Adonoy, is the kingdom and You are uplifted, [supreme] over all rulers. The riches and the honor come from You, and You rule over all; in Your hand are power and might, and [it is] in Your hand to bestow greatness and strength upon all. And now, our God, we give thanks to You and praise Your glorious Name.75I Chronicles 29:10-13. 76The next seven verses are taken from Nehemiah 9:5-11. They are the last words of praise found in Scripture.And they will bless Your glorious Name, [You, who are] exalted above all blessing and praise. You alone are Adonoy;77This is an affirmation of God’s unity: “Adonoy is One.” You have made the skies, the skies of skies78 and all their hosts,79This signifies the sun, moon, and stars. the earth and all that is upon it, the seas and all that is in them; and You give life to all of them, and the heavenly hosts80These are the angelic beings that worship Adonoy. bow before You. You are Adonoy, the God Who chose Avrom, and brought him out of Ur Kasdim and established his name (as) Avrohom.81This was not a mere changing of names. Abraham was elevated and attained new stature as a patriarch by virtue of his new name. And You found his heart faithful before You,82This was demonstrated when he was ready to sacrifice Isaac.", "", "and You made the covenant with him83In some congregations, וְכָרות is recited responsively on the day of a circumcision. Consequently, some siddurim indicate that a new paragraph begins here. But it is actually a continuation of the verse. to give the land of the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Amorites, the Perizites, the Jebusites, and the Girgashites, to give to his seed; and You kept Your word, for You are righteous. And You saw the affliction of our fathers in Egypt, and their cry You heard at the Sea of Reeds. And You imposed signs and wonders against Pharaoh and all his servants and all the people of his land, for You knew that they acted malevolently against them;84Them = the Jews in Egypt. and (thus) You have made a name for Yourself, like this day.85The miracles and wonders of the Exodus have not and will not be forgotten. Each generation reaffirms its testimony to God’s might against the Egyptians and thus the event remains as vivid and real as though it occurred today. And the sea, You split before them, and they went through the midst of the sea on the dry land; and their pursuers You hurled into the depths, like a stone into mighty waters.86Nechemiah 9:6-11", "On that day,89Even though they had been free a week earlier, they were insecure, fearing that the Egyptians would capture and re-enslave them. Only when God had drowned the Egyptians were the Israelites free psychologically.—Seporno Adonoy delivered Israel from the hand of Egypt, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the seashore. And Israel saw the great hand90The use of the word “hand” or any physical attribute with regard to God is merely metaphorical, since God is in no way physical. which Adonoy wielded against Egypt, and the people feared Adonoy, and they believed in Adonoy, and that Moses was His servant.", "Then Moses and the Children of Israel sang this song to Adonoy, and they said: I will sing to Adonoy for He is most high;91When people praise a mortal, they often declare undeserved praise. But God is so great that any praise we offer is insufficient.—Rashi the horse with its rider, He threw into the sea. The strength and retribution of God was the cause of my deliverance;92This translation follows Rashi’s commentary. this is my Almighty and I will glorify Him, God of my father and I will exalt Him. Adonoy is master of war Adonoy is His Name. Pharaoh's chariots and army, He hurled into the sea; and his elite officers were drowned in the Sea of Reeds. The deep waters covered them; they descended into the depths like stone. Your right hand Adonoy is adorned with power, Your right hand Adonoy crushes the enemy. And in Your great majesty, You destroyed Your opponents; You sent forth Your fury, it consumed them like straw.93This verse is also translated, “You will send forth Your fury: it will consume them like straw.” According to the Zohar it thus refers to the time of the Resurrection, when God will destroy all the wicked. And with the wind from Your nostrils the waters were heaped up, flowing water stood erect like a wall; the deep waters congealed in the heart of the sea.94The water became hard as stone and the Egyptians were hurled against it with great force.—Rashi The enemy (Pharaoh) said: “I will pursue [them], I will overtake [them], I will divide the spoils; I will satisfy myself; I will unsheathe my sword, my hand will destroy them. You blew with Your wind, the sea covered them; they sank like lead in the mighty waters.95Seporno and others interpret the verse to read: “They, the mighty, sank like lead in the waters,” “mighty,” referring to the Egyptian officers rather than to the waters. Who is like You among the mighty, Adonoy! who is like You? [You are] adorned in holiness, awesome in praise, performing wonders.96God is “awesome in praise” for we fear that all our praise will prove inadequate. In truth, it is impossible to praise God fully, and David therefore said (Psalms 65:2) “For You, silence is praise.”—Rashi You stretched out Your right hand, the earth swallowed them. You led in Your kindliness, the people whom You redeemed; You guided them with Your might to Your holy dwelling place. The peoples heard and trembled, pangs of fear gripped the inhabitants of Philistia.97The Philistines had killed the Ephraimites thirty years earlier when they left Egypt by force. The Philistines were thus gripped with terror when they heard that Israel had escaped from Egypt.—Rashi Then the chieftains of Edom panicked, the mighty men of Moab were seized with trembling, all the inhabitants of Canaan melted away.98Nations on all sides panicked: The Philistines to the west, the Edomites to the south, the Moabites to the east and the Canaanites to the north. The Philistines feared revenge. The Edomites panicked because they feared that Israel would now seek revenge for what Esau (Edom) had done to Jacob. The Moabites, the descendants of Lot, feared they would be punished because of the dispute between Lot and Abraham (Genesis 13:7). Canaan “melted away” because they realized that Israel was destined to take their land, and their astrologers told them that there was no way out.—Rabbainu Bachyah Terror and dread fall upon them; at the greatness of Your arm they were still as stone; until Your people cross over, Adonoy, until [they] cross over,99The two crossings are the respective crossings of the Arnon and the Jordan rivers before entering the Promised Land.—Unkelos —the people You have acquired. You will bring them and plant them100Moses here prophesied that he would not be entering the Promised Land, and he therefore prayed that God should bring the Jews into His inheritance.—Rashi on the mountain of Your inheritance, the place for Your habitation which You, Adonoy, have made; the Sanctuary, my Master, [which] Your hands established.101God’s “habitat” on earth, the Holy Temple, is a parallel of the Holy Temple on high.—Rashi Adonoy will reign forever and ever. Adonoy will reign forever and ever.102This verse is not repeated in Exodus. But it is repeated in prayer to signify the end of the Ode, just as the last verse of Psalms 150 is repeated in the prayer whereas it is not repeated in the Psalms.—Avudraham Adonoy! His sovereignty is established forever and to all eternity.103This verse is a paraphrase of the previous verse as found in Targum Unkelos. When Pharaoh's horses, with his chariots, and his horsemen, went into the sea, Adonoy turned back on them the waters of the sea; and the Children of Israel walked on dry land in the midst of the sea.104Exodus 14:30-15:19. For the kingship is Adonoy's and He rules over nations.105Psalms 22:29. The word “king” signifies one whose leadership is accepted freely by all his subjects. Therefore, in reference to Israel who willingly accept the Kingship of God, it says, “For the kingship is Adonoy’s.” A “ruler,” however, is one who forcibly rules people, without their consent. Regarding the nations who do not willingly submit to Adonoy’s Kingship, the Psalmist says, “And He rules over nations.”—Gaon of Vilna And deliverers will go up to Mount Zion to judge Mount Esau, and the kingdom will be Adonoy's.106Ovadiah 1:21. And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.107Zechariah 14:9. In the future, God will be recognized by all the nations of the world who will accept Him willingly as their King.", "The Mishna, ( Maseches Pesachim 117b) refers to the following prayer as בִּרְכַּת הַשִּׁיר , the blessing of song. Some commentaries suggest that it is so named because it forms a lengthy song that concludes with the blessing of יִשְׁתַּבַּח on page 000. On weekdays, when there is not sufficient time to concentrate adequately on our prayers, we merely recite the concluding blessing of יִשְׁתַּבַּח , but on Sabbaths and Festivals we recite the prayer in its entirety.", "The soul of every living thing shall bless Your Name, Adonoy, our God; and the spirit of all flesh shall glorify and exalt Your mention, our King, continually. From world to world,108 108 See note 1 on תפילה למשה , page 000. You are Almighty; and besides You we have no king, redeemer, or deliverer, [who] liberates, rescues, maintains and responds, and is compassionate in all times of trouble and distress. We have no king, helper, supporter but You. God of the first and last [generations], God of all created things, Master of all begotten things,109 109 Etz Yosef assumes that תּוֹלָדוֹת refers to events that occur in time. [See Proverbs 27:1, כִּי לֹא תֵדַע מַה יֻלַּד יוֹם , for you don’t know what a day may bring forth.] Thus God is Master of all events. Iyun Tefiloh says that בְּרִיוֹת , created beings, refers to everything God created during the six days of creation, whereas תּוֹלָדוֹת refers to those things that come forth, i.e., were “born” from the original created things. Thus He is God of all created things and Master of all begotten things even though they appear as products of nature. Who is extolled with a multitude of praises, Who conducts His world with kindliness and His creatures with compassion. Behold, Adonoy neither slumbers nor sleeps. arouses those who sleep and awakens those who slumber, Resurrector of the dead, and Healer of the sick, Who gives sight to the blind, and He gives speech to the mute, and releases the imprisoned. He supports those who have fallen and straightens the bent and uncovers that which is concealed. To You alone we give thanks. Even if our mouths were filled with song like the sea,110Just like the sea is filled with water. and our tongues with exultation like the roaring of its waves, and our lips with praise like the breadth of the firmament, and our eyes were radiant like the sun and the moon, and our hands outspread like [the] eagles of the sky, and our feet light as the deer— we would never sufficiently thank You, Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, and bless Your Name Our King for even one thousandth of the billions and trillions of favors, miracles and wonders which You did for our fathers and for us: from Egypt You redeemed us, Adonoy, our God; from the house of bondage, You liberated us; in famine You nourished us, and in [times of] plenty, You fed us; from the sword You saved us and from pestilence You removed us, and from many severe and lingering sicknesses, have You withdrawn us. Until now Your compassion has helped us and Your kindliness has not forsaken us. Do not abandon us, Adonoy, our God, for eternity. Therefore, the limbs which You apportioned for us, and the spirit and soul that You have breathed into our nostrils, and the tongue You have set in our mouth— behold, they will thank, bless, praise, glorify, sing, exalt, revere, sanctify, and proclaim the sovereignty of Your Name, our King always. For every mouth will thank You, and every tongue will swear allegiance to You, and every eye looks to You, and every knee will bend to You, and all that stand up will prostrate themselves before You; all hearts will fear You, and all innards and kidneys will sing to Your Name as is written, “All my bones will say: Adonoy! who is like unto You?” You save the poor man from one stronger than he, and the poor and needy from one who would rob him,111Psalms 35:10. the cry of the poor You hear, the scream of the impoverished You hear and deliver. Who is like You? Who is equal to You? And who can be compared to You? The Almighty, the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome most high Almighty, Possessor of heaven and earth. We will extol You, we will praise You, we will glorify You, and bless Your holy Name as it is said, “By David: My soul, bless Adonoy! and all that is within me [bless] His holy Name!”112Psalms 103:1.", "On Yom Tov, the Chazzan begins here", "[You are] Almighty in the power of Your might; Great in the honor of Your Name, Powerful for ever and awesome through Your awesome deeds;", "", "the King Who sits on a throne [that is] exalted and uplifted.", "On Shabbos, the Chazzan begins here:", "He Who dwells in eternity, exalted and holy is His Name. And it is written: “Joyfully exult in God, [you] righteous ones, for the upright, praise is fitting.113Psalms 33:1. Through the mouth of the upright, You are exalted, and with the lips of the righteous You are blessed; and by the tongue of the pious, You are sanctified; and in the midst of the holy, You are extolled.", "And in the assemblies of myriads of Your people, the House of Israel; with joyful song glorified will be Your Name, our King, in every generation. For it is the duty of all beings, before You, Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, to thank, to extol, and to praise; to eternalize to glorify, to exalt, and to honor; to bless, to elevate, and to acclaim [You,] even beyond all the words of song and praise of David, son of Yishai, Your servant, Your annointed.", "And so: Praised be Your Name forever,114Your praise is unlimited in terms of time; You will be praised forever.—Yaavetz our King, Almighty the great and holy King in heaven115Your praise is unlimited in terms of place; You will be praised in heaven as well as on earth.—Yaavetz and on earth. For to You it is fitting [to offer] Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, song and praise, glorification and hymns, [to proclaim your] strength and dominion, victory, grandeur, and might, praise and glory, holiness and sovereignty, blessings and thanksgivings,116Fifteen words of praise and adoration are enumerated. Hebrew is remarkably rich in the vocabulary of adoration and worship. As Latin is the language of war and Greek of oratory, so is Hebrew the language of prayer.—Midrash to your great and holy name; and from the highest world to the lowest you are Almighty. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Almighty, King [Who is] great in [our] praise117These lines were translated according to the explanation of the Tzelosa d’Avrohom. Almighty, of [to Whom we offer our] thanksgiving, Master of [Whom we praise for His] wonders, creator of all souls master of all creatures the Selector of song-hymns, You are the only King, Almighty, Life of [all] the worlds.", "In this Psalm, said during the Ten Days of Penitence, the Jewish soul sings of the Jewish spirit ascending from the depths of the deepest misery of all, the burden of sin and guilt.", "A Song of Ascents. Out of the depths I have called to You, Adonoy. My Master, hear my voice; let Your ears be attentive to the voice of my supplications. If You God should take account of iniquities, my Master, who could survive? For with You is forgiveness, in order that You be feared. I hope for Adonoy, my soul hopes; and for His word, I wait. My soul [waits] for my Master more than the watchman [waits] for the morning, [more than] the watchman [waits] for the morning. Wait, Israel, upon Adonoy, for with Adonoy there is loving-kindness, and with Him there is much redemption. And He will redeem Israel from all its iniquities.", "The Half-Kaddish is recited by the Chazzan", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity. Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "The Chazzan says: Bless Adonoy Who is blessed.", "", "", "The Congregation responds and the Chazzan repeats: Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed forever and ever." ], "Shema & Blessings": [ "The two blessings יוֹצֵר אוֹר “He Who forms light” and אַהֲבָה רַבָּה “Great love,” are referred to as the blessings preceding Shema ( Maseches Berachos 11a). According to Rambam they were formulated by Ezra and his Court ( Laws of Shema 1:7). You may not interrupt your prayers from this point on until after the Shemoneh Esrei . But you may answer “Amein” to the blessings of הָאֵל הַקָּדוֹשׁ “The Holy Powerful One” and שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָה “He Who heeds prayer;” say the thrice-repeated קָדוֹשׁ “Holy . . .” and בָּרוּךְ כְּבוֹד “Blessed is the glory . . .” of Kedusha; and answer Barechu. You may also answer אָמֵן יְהֵא שְׁמֵהּ רַבָּא “Amein, May His great Name,” when you hear Kaddish.” You may also answer Amein after the blessings of יוֹצֵר הַמְּאוֹרוֹת , “Who forms the luminaries,” and הָבּוֹחֵר בְּעַמוֹ יִשׂרָאֵל בְּאַהֲבָה , “Who chooses His people Israel with love.” For a more detailed exposition of these laws, see Metsudah Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, Vol. I, pp. 172-176.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Former1 1 Forming, יוצֵר , is the act of refining or modifying an original substance, whereas, creating, בּורֵא , refers to creating the original substance from nothing. For example, when one shapes a wooden table, to make it round, he “forms” the wood, the original substance which was “created.” Similarly, God “forms the light” which is His act of modifying or limiting the darkness He created.— Siddur HaGra of light, Creator of darkness, Maker2Making, עושֶׂה , is the act of completion, such as when one completes a table by painting it. Similarly, God’s finishing touch of creation is “making peace,” the vessel that holds it all together, as stated in the Mishna, “God found no vessel to contain blessing other than peace.” לֹא מָצָא הקב\"ה כְּלִי מַחְזִיק בְּרָכָה אֶלָא הַשָּׁלום — Siddur HaGra of peace, and Creator3The verse in Isaiah (45:7) on which this blessing is based concludes with the words, “and creates evil.” In His original creation God created the potential for evil, which He constantly limits and controls as the Former and Maker.—Siddur HaGra of all things.", "When Yom Tov occurs on weekdays, continue “He illuminates”. (weekday prayers)", "All will thank You, all will praise You, and all will proclaim: “There is none holy like Adonoy.” All will exalt You, forever, Creator of all. The Almighty Who opens each day the doors of the gates4This is an allusion to the sun, rising in the east. God opens the doors each day to permit the sun to rise. Every sunrise is thus an act of God. of the east and pierces the windows of the firmament; Who brings the sun out of its place and the moon from its dwelling-place; and illuminates the entire world and to its inhabitants, whom He created with [His] attribute of mercy.5God saw that the world could not exist if He were to govern it on the basis of His attribute of pure justice. He therefore joined His attribute of compassion with that of justice and dispenses both justice and mercy as He sees fit.—Avudraham He illuminates the earth and those who dwell on it with compassion, and in His goodness renews every day, continually, the work of creation.6From before Creation. How many are Your works, Adonoy; You made them all with wisdom, the earth is full of Your possessions.7Lit., Your acquisitions: See Genesis 14:22. The King Who alone is exalted from then; Who is praised, glorified, and uplifted from the beginning of time.8Ever since Creation He has been praised and glorified by all created beings. Eternal God— in Your abundant mercy, have compassion on us, Master Who is our strength, Rock Who is our stronghold, Shield of our deliverance, [Be] a stronghold for us. There is none to be compared to You, and there is none other than You, nothing exists without You and who is like You? There is none to be compared to You, Adonoy, our God,9In this world where there are so many false gods, we proclaim that he is Adonoy our God.—Avudraham in this world; and there is none beside You, our King10In the World to Come, God’s sovereignty will be clearly revealed so even now, we proclaim that He is our King. in the life of the World to Come; Nothing exists without You our Redeemer11Ultimate total redemption will come in the Messianic era, and thus we say that God is our Redeemer.—Avudraham in the days of the Messiah; and there will be none like You, our Deliverer,12The resurrection of the dead is the culmination of deliverance and we say that He is our Deliverer.—Avudraham at the time of the resurrection of the dead.", "Almighty, Master over all [created] works, Blessed is He13God is the source of all blessing, and is blessed even without the blessing of man. and He is blessed by the mouth of every soul. His greatness and goodness fill the world, perception and understanding surround His glory.", "He is most high, over the holy chayos,14Chayos are angels which exist eternally, unlike other angels which exist for short periods for specific functions. and adorned in glory above the chariot;15The “chariot” refers to the retinue of angels at their positions in heaven.—Siddur HaGra merit and uprightness are before His throne, kindness and mercy fill His glory.16First the prayer mentions merit and uprightness, the qualities that man must acquire and live by and then it mentions kindness and mercy, the attributes with which God conducts the world of man.—Avudraham", "Good are the luminaries which our God created He formed them with perception, understanding, and wisdom, strength and power He put into them, to be rulers17See Genesis 1:16. within the inhabited world.", "Full of luster and radiating brightness, beautiful is their luster throughout the world, joyous in their rising and happy in their setting, they perform with reverence, the will of their Possessor.", "Glory and honor, they give to His Name,18The steadfastness of their orbits and the efficiency of their functions testify to God’s creation and providence. Thus they reflect honor and glory to His Name.—Avudraham jubilation and joyous song at the mention of His kingship. He called to the sun and it shone with light, He saw and fashioned19God saw that mankind would one day worship the sun and therefore created the moon to diminish the influence of the sun as a total force.—Avudraham the form of the moon.", "Praise [they] give Him, all hosts on high, glory and greatness [are given Him by] the serafim, the ofanim and the holy chayos.20Ofanim, chayos and serafim refer to various classes of angels.—Avudraham", "To the Almighty, Who rested from all the creation. On the Seventh Day, He elevated Himself21God elevated Himself above everything He created during the six days of creation. and sat upon the throne of His honor. With glory He enwrapped Himself22This sentence is based on the verse: ה' מָלָךְ גֵאוּת לָבֵשׁ —Adonoy has begun His reign He has clothed Himself with majesty (Psalms 93:1). for the day of rest, a delight, He called the Sabbath Day; this is the praise of the Seventh Day— that on it, the Almighty rested from all His work. The Seventh Day [itself] offers praise and says: “A Psalm, a song by the Sabbath Day: ‘It is good to give thanks to Adonoy.'”23When man is rested from his everyday tasks and freed from everyday problems, he is able to thank God for all His blessings. Therefore glorify and bless the Almighty all beings that He has formed; praise, wsteem, greatness and honor will they give to the Almighty, King, Creator of all, Who apportions rest to His people Israel, in His holiness on the holy Shabbos Day. Your Name, Adonoy, our God will be sanctified, and Your mention, our King, will be glorified in the heavens above and on the earth below. Be blessed, our Deliverer for the praiseworthy work of Your hands and for the light-giving luminaries which You formed —they will glorify You forever.", "Be blessed eternally our Former,34Some render צוּרֵנוּ “our Rock.” The Gaon of Vilna, however, maintains that it refers to God as our Creator, thus describing Him in the tri-epochal aspect of His Unity: past, present, and future. He was our Creator, He is our King, and He will be our Redeemer. our King, and our Redeemer—Creator of holy beings.35These are the Jewish People, who are sanctified in body and soul. The word Creator implies a creation of real substance—the Jewish People rather than angels.—Gaon of Vilna Praised be Your Name forever, our King, Who forms ministering angels; and Whose ministering angels all stand at the height of the Universe, and proclaim with reverence, in unison aloud the words of the living God, King of the Universe. All of them are beloved,36Beloved—there is no envy, jealousy or rivalry among them. Pure—they have no selfish or ulterior motives; they serve God with all their being.—Siddur HaGra all of them are pure, all of them are mighty; all are holy and all of them perform with awe and reverence the will of their Possessor. And they all open their mouths in holiness and purity, with song and music, and they bless, and praise, and glorify, and revere, and sanctify, and proclaim the sovereignty of—", "the Name of the Almighty, the King, the Great, the Mighty, the awesome One; holy37Despite the attributes we use to describe Him, He remains holy—beyond our conception. is He. And they all take upon themselves the yoke38The yoke of Divine Sovereignty is borne willingly and joyfully by each creature as an emblem of his free service to God.—S.R. Hirsch of Divine sovereignty one from the other, and lovingly give leave to one another39They take care not to precede one another in their praise of God. On the contrary, each says to the other, “You begin, because you are greater and more worthy than I.”—Avos of R’ Nosson to sanctify their Former in a spirit of serenity with clear speech and pleasantness,40The clear speech of the angels is the holy tongue (pure Hebrew).—Yaavetz all exclaimKedushah in unison, with awe, and reverently exclaim:", "“Holy, holy, holy is Adonoy of Hosts, the fullness of all the earth is His glory.”41Isaiah 6:3. Targum Yonoson paraphrases this verse: “Holy [is God] in the highest heights of heaven, the abode of His Divine Presence; holy upon earth, the work of His almighty power; holy [is He] forever and for all eternity.” The Talmud, (Maseches Chulin 91b) refers to this verse as the “Sanctification of the Angels.” According to Avudraham and Yaavetz, this Kedushah has been inserted here to refute those who maintain that God relinquished His control over the heavenly bodies, and they are now able to function independently. We are therefore told that all the heavenly hosts proclaim God’s sanctification and dominion over all the universe.", "And the Ofanim42Ofanim, Chayos haKodash, and Serafim are various classes of Angels. Ofanim denotes animated wheels as conceived in association with the Heavenly throne. (Avudraham); Chayos are those angels who exist eternally (Yaavetz; some angels exist only for short times for specific functions.) Serafim indicate “beings of fire.” and the holy Chayos, with a mighty sound rise toward the Serafim. Facing them, they offer praise and say,", "“Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from His place.”43Ezekiel 3:12. According to the Kuzari, God’s glory is a euphemism for God Himself. Thus the verse means, “Blessed is Adonoy from His place,” conveying this concept: God is more blessed (i.e., greater) than His place; He is not confined to any place. Another view set forth in the Kuzari is that “God’s glory” includes the angels, His throne, His chariot, the firmament, and the spheres. These are called God’s glory similar to a king’s retinue which is his royal splendor.", "To the Blessed Almighty, they44The angels. offer pleasant melodies; to the King, the Almighty, [Who is] living and enduring, they utter hymns and make praises heard. For He alone, exalted and holy is the Performer of mighty deeds, Maker of new things; Master of battles, Sower of acts of righteousness,45Rabbi Pinchos ben Yair was given two measures of barley for safekeeping. The owner forgot about it for a number of years. Rabbi Pinchos ben Yair planted the barley seed, and each year replanted the previous year’s harvest until it grew to be a substantial crop. After seven years, the owner returned to claim his two measures of barley and Rabbi Pinchos told him, “Come I will show you the great fortune you have accumulated.” God does the same with the good and righteous deeds of man. He sows each righteous deed, and when the person is ready to receive his reward, God returns the original righteous investment plus all the accumulated dividends. Midrash Rabba, Deuteronomy 3:6 Causer of deliverance to sprout forth; Creator of cures. Awesome in praise, Master of wonders, He renews in His goodness, each day, continuously,46Since the blessing began with the praise of God as the Former of light Who continually renews the creation, it concludes on the same note. the work of creation, as it is said: “[Give thanks to Him] Who makes the great luminaries,” for His kindness is everlasting.”47Psalms 136:7. (and He fashioned the luminaries, bringing joy to the world He created) Shine a new light upon Zion,48We pray that we will be worthy of enjoying the original light of creation, which God put aside for the righteous in the future world.—Yaavetz and may we all soon be privileged to [enjoy] its brightness. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Former of the luminaries.49When reciting this blessing, bear in mind that even though the heavenly spheres appear immense to us and we attach much importance to them because of the vital functions they perform, in the eyes of their Creator they are no greater than worms. On the contrary, His wisdom and providence are more acutely recognized in an ant or bee because, in spite of their minuteness, they are endowed with a complex of faculties and organs.—Kuzari", "[With] everlasting love You have loved us50The Kuzari writes, “When reciting the blessing ‘Unbounded Love’ אַהֲבָה רַבָּה , one should bear in mind that God’s Divine influence is especially directed at the Jewish People who receive it as naturally as a mirror receives rays of light. He should also bear in mind that the Torah is the expression of God’s will and through it He establishes His dominion on earth as in heaven. Whenever an individual or a community attains a high degree of spiritual purity, they become worthy of receiving the Divine light to guide their destiny in a miraculous manner far removed from the ordinary course of events which affect the world. This special relationship with the Creator is called love. Adonoy, our God; [With] great and abundant pity51God bestowed His great and abundant pity on us after we sinned in making the golden calf. He not only pardoned us, but gave us the Second Tablets and ordained the construction of the Tabernacle (Mishkan) for His Divine Presence to dwell among us.—Siach Yitzchok have You pitied us. Our Father, our King! for the sake of your great Name and for the sake of our forefathers who trusted in You, and whom You taught statutes of life, carry out your will with a perfect heart, so too, be gracious to us and teach us. Our Father, merciful Father, Who acts with compassion have compassion on us and put into our hearts to understand, to comprehend, and to be intellectually creative, to listen, to learn, and to teach, to preserve, to practice, and to fulfill52We preserve the Torah by not forgetting its teachings; we practice the commandments and we fulfill them by making them permanent parts of our lives.—Siach Yitzchok all the words of instruction in Your Torah with love. And enlighten our eyes in Your Torah, and cause our hearts to hold fast to Your commandments, and unify53Make us single-hearted and undivided in our love and reverence of Your Name. Keep us from distraction of personal thoughts and selfish motives.—Siach Yitzchok our hearts to love and fear Your Name; and may we not be subject to shame,54When one has to receive a favor that is completely undeserved, he feels a sense of shame. We therefore pray to God, that our redemption will not be “handed out” to us without merit and cause us to be ashamed. We proclaim that since we “trusted in His Name” and accepted the bitterness of our exile our deliverance is not totally undeserved.—Siach Yitzchok disgrace or stumbling forever for in Your holy Name— great, mighty and awesome— have we trusted; may we exult and rejoice in Your deliverance. And may Your mercy Adonoy our God, and Your abundant kindness never forsake us. Hasten and bring upon us blessing and peace quickly from the four corners of the earth break the yoke of the nations from our neck and speedily lead us upright55May we return from our exile with our heads held high, not in meekness.—Siach Yitzchok to our land. Because, You are the Almighty, Who performs acts of deliverance,56Even if we do not deserve to be saved in our own merit, save us anyhow because You perform acts of deliverance. and You have chosen us57At the moment God gave the Torah to the Jews at Sinai, we became His chosen people and were brought close to Him for eternity.—Siach Yitzchok from among all peoples and tongues, and You have brought us near our king to Your great Name, forever in truth; with love, that we may give thanks58These final words complete the prayer begun earlier: “Bring us in peace, and lead us upright to our land, so that we may give thanks to You, and proclaim Your Oneness, with love.—Siach Yitzchok to You, and proclaim Your Oneness, with love. and love Your Name. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who chooses His people Israel with love.", "The recitation of Shema was part of the daily worship in the Holy Temple, and our Sages ordained that it be recited in the synagogue service, providing it a central place in the morning and evening prayers of each Jew. Its importance may be judged from the fact that the very first Mishnah in the Oral Torah opens with the question, “From what time may the evening Shema be read?”
In reading Shema, bear in mind that you are performing a Scriptural commandment. All three paragraphs should be read with kavanah, concentrated intention, on what you are saying. The entire Shema should be recited in awe and reverence as it proclaims the existence and unity of God; the Jews' complete dedication to God and His commandments; the belief in Divine justice; the remembrance of the Exodus and the selection of the Jews as God's Chosen People. These concepts are the pillars of the Jewish faith. Whenever this sign (°) appears (e.g. בְּכָלּ־לְּבָבְ֒ךָ), it indicates that you should be careful to pronounce each word distinctly. In many instances, the last letter of the first word and first letter of the second word are the same, the words might be read as one, which is not the proper way to fulfill the mitzvah of Kerias Shema.", "The following three words should be said when praying without aminyan:
(Almighty, faithful King)", " Hear, Israel: Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.59Deuteronomy 6:4. It is customary to recite this verse aloud, the ear hearing what the lips utter. This helps one concentrate on the meaning of this important declaration. Interestingly, the last letter of the first word שְׁמַע and last letter of אֶחָד are written larger than the others. These two letters form the word עֵד “witness”—i.e., every Jew by saying Shema testifies to God’s unity.— Avudraham Customarily one closes his eyes when pronouncing this testimony in order to shut out all distractions, and to concentrate all one’s thought on God’s unity. The last word, אֶחָד “One,” is to be said with special emphasis, drawing it out for the length of time needed to reflect that God, the Giver and Sustainer of life Whose Providence guides the destinies of all men, is the unique God of Israel, that He is alone in His world, ruling all four corners of the universe.", "The following line is to be said silently
Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.60Jacob wished to reveal to his sons the ‘end of the days,’ whereupon the Shechinah departed from him. Said he, “Perhaps, Heaven forbid! there is one unfit among my children.” His sons exclaimed to him, “Hear Israel” etc., just as there is only One in your heart so is there only One in our heart. Ben Lakish explained that Jacob said “Blessed [is His] Name” in response to his sons’ exclamation. The Sages wondered, “Shall we recite it aloud when our teacher Moses did not say it? Shall we not say it at all, when Jacob ordained it?” Thus the Rabbis enacted that it be said quietly.—Maseches Pesachim 56a. When Moses went up to the heavens, he heard the angels praise God by saying, “Blessed [is His] Name, etc.” When he returned to earth, he taught it to the Jewish People. We say it in an undertone so as not to offend the angels. On Yom Kippur however, when we are considered like angels, we are permitted to say בָּרוּךְ שֵׁם aloud.— Midrash Rabba to Deuteronomy ", "And you shall love Adonoy your God with all your heart61Our Sages (Sifrei to Deuteronomy 31) explain “With all your heart” to mean “With all your desires—including the evil inclination,” i.e., subject your earthly passions and ambitions to God’s Law and make them instruments for His service. and with all your soul62The Sages (ibid.) take these words to mean “With your whole life—even to the last drop of blood.” It was such an understanding that led Rabbi Akiva to say, when the executioner was tearing his flesh with iron hooks, “All my life, I have longed for this moment. I have loved God with all my heart and with all my might; and now at last, I can love Him with my whole life.” It was this concept that gave Jewish martyrs the courage to lay down their lives for their faith. and with all your possessions.63The Sages (ibid.) explain, “With whatever lot Providence has assigned to you,” i.e., despite whatever material sacrifice your loyalty to God and to Torah might entail. And these words which I command you today,64The teachings of the Torah should be ever fresh in your minds, as though you received it today.—Ibid. shall be upon your heart. And you shall teach them sharply65See to it that your children have a clear, and not a confused, stammering knowledge of the Torah.—Ibid. to your children. And you shall discuss them when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall bind them for a sign upon your hand, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways.66Deuteronomy 6:5-9. This paragraph contains 10 commandments: 1) accepting the “yoke” of heaven; 2) proclaiming the Unity of God; 3) loving God; 4) studying Torah (and you shall speak of them); 5) teaching your children; 6-7) reciting Shema in the evening and in the morning; 8-9) putting on the tefillin of the hand and head; 10) putting up mezuzos on the door posts.", "And it will be— if you vigilantly obey My commandments which I command you this day, to love Adonoy your God, and serve Him with your entire hearts67The service of the heart is prayer, as David said (Psalms 141:2) “May my prayers be acceptable to You as an incense [service].” and with your entire souls— that I will give rain for your land in its proper time,68God will make it rain at night so as not to cause you discomfort.—Rashi the early (autumn) rain and the late (spring) rain;69Reward and punishment are here connected with the rainfalls vital to the Land of Israel. The heavy rains which open the growing season in the fall and the showers which fall while the grain is ripening are of utmost importance. and you will harvest your grain and your wine and your oil. And I will put grass in your fields for your cattle, and you will eat and be satisfied. Beware lest your hearts be swayed70One who is satisfied can easily be induced to forget the Source of his fullness.—Rashi and you turn astray, and you worship alien gods and bow to them. And Adonoy's fury will blaze among you, and He will close off the heavens and there will be no rain and the earth will not yield its produce; and you will perish swiftly71No extension will be given. The “generation of the flood” was granted a reprieve of 120 years (Genesis 6:3) because they did not have from whom to learn; but you do have from whom to learn.—Sifrei, cited by Rashi from the good land which Adonoy gives you. Place these words of Mine72Even in exile you must fulfill God’s commandments—Sifrei cited by Rashi upon your hearts and upon your souls,— and bind them for a sign upon your hands, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes.73Between your eyes is not to be taken literally. The correct position of the phylactery of the head (shel rosh) is at the edge of the hair line directly above the place which is between the eyes. And you shall teach them to your sons, to speak them74From the moment your son knows how to talk, begin teaching him the Torah.—Rashi. when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways. In order that your days be prolonged, and the days of your children, upon the land which Adonoy swore to your fathers to give them [for as long] as the heavens are above the earth.", "And Adonoy spoke to Moses saying: Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them75Rabbi Yehuda bar Chaviva said that this third section was added to Sh’ma because of six important things contained therein: 1. the commandment of fringes, 2. mention of the Exodus, 3. the call to assume the yoke of God’s commandments, 4. the warning against heretical concepts, 5. the warning against straying after sinful desires, and 6. the warning against idolatrous worship.—Maseches Berachos 12b to make for themselves fringes on the corners of their garments throughout their generations; and they will place with the fringes of each corner a thread of blue. And it will be to you for fringes, and you will look upon it and you will remember all the commandments of Adonoy,76Rabbi Meir says: “the blue thread of the fringes resembles the sea, the sea reflects the heavens, and heavens resemble the Throne of Glory” (Sifrei). The outward act of looking upon the tzitzis leads the Jew to inward spiritual conformity with the precepts of God. and you will perform them; and you will not turn aside after your hearts77The heart and the eyes of a person are the agents of sin—the eye sees, the heart desires, and thus the person sins.—Tanchuma cited by Rashi. and after your eyes which cause you to go astray. In order that you will remember and perform all My commandments; and you will be holy unto your God. I am Adonoy, your God, Who brought you out of the land of Egypt to be your God: I am Adonoy, your God—78Numbers 15:37-41.
You must be careful to connect the last words of Shema, ה' אֱלֹקֵיכֶם (Adonoy, your God), with the word אֱמֶת (is true) without pause or interruption so that these three words form one sentence, meaning “Adonoy your God is true” (Berachos 13a).
is true—", "The Chazzan repeats:
Adonoy, your God, is true.", "—and firm, certain and enduring, upright and faithful, beloved and cherished, desired and pleasant,79The Jew declares his commitment to God, and states that His precepts are not forced upon him. On the contrary, they are beloved, cherished, delightful and pleasant to him.—Siach Yitzchok awesome and mighty, correct80 and acceptable,81Even those precepts that are not easily understood and appear to contradict human nature, are accepted by us.—Siach Yitzchok good and beautiful is this82All that was affirmed above in Shema. [affirmation] to us for all eternity. It is true, that the God of the Universe, is our King, the Stronghold of Jacob is the Shield of our deliverance. Throughout the generations He endures and His Name endures, and His throne is confirmed; and His sovereignty and His faithfulness endure forever. His words are alive and enduring, faithful and desirable forever and to all eternity; for our fathers and for us,83After having affirmed that all that was said in Shema is true, firm, certain, enduring, etc., we take an oath and testify that we accept the “yoke of heaven” upon ourselves as did our fathers before us and as will our children after us, forever and ever. Thus we say in the following prayer: “For our fathers, for us, for our children and for our descendants—Your word is good and lasting—a Law that will never be abrogated.”—Kuzari for our children and for our generations, and for all generations of the seed of Israel, Your servants.", "Upon the first and upon the last, [generations] [it is] a matter that is good and everlasting. It is true and faithful, a Law that will never be abrogated. Truly you Adonoy, are our God, and the God of our fathers, our King the King of our fathers, our Redeemer, Redeemer of our fathers, our Former, Rock of our deliverance; our Liberator and our Saver which is Your Name from old, and we have no other God besides You, ever.", "The help84The word help indicates that the recipient also participated in his rescue, whereas the words shield and deliverer indicate that the rescue was made without any help from the rescued party. Our fathers who were righteous, participated in their rescue, and God “helped” them. Since we are not that righteous, God shields and delivers us even though we have no merit.—Siach Yitzchok of our fathers You have always been. A Shield and a Deliverer to them and their children after them in every generation. The heights of the universe, is Your habitation, and Your judgments and Your righteousness [reach] to the ends of the earth.85Alternatively: “Affect mankind to the end of earthly time.” —Avudraham Truly fortunate is man who heeds Your commandments; and Your Torah and Your word86“Your Torah” means the basic concepts of the Torah itself, and “Your word” refers to ethical concepts, derived from events described in the Torah and by the Prophets.—Siach Yitzchok he takes to his heart. Truly, You are the Master of Your people and a mighty King to defend their cause. for the fathers and [their] sons: Truly, You are First and You are Last,87We refer to God as First and Last only in order to preclude the notion that anything existed before Him, and to repudiate the idea that there is an end to His existence. We do not assert that He has a beginning or a fixed term.—Kuzari and besides You we have no king, redeemer, or deliverer. Truly Your redeemed us from Egypt. Adonoy, our God, from the house of bondage You liberated us. All their firstborn You slew, and Israel, Your firstborn, You redeemed.88See Exodus 4:22. The Sea of Reeds, You split for them, and the wicked, You drowned. You caused the beloved ones to pass through, while the waters covered their enemies; not one of them remained. Because of this, the beloved ones praised and exalted the Almighty; and the beloved ones offered hymns, songs, and praises, blessings and thanksgiving to the King, the Almighty, [Who is] living and enduring. (He is) exalted and uplifted, great and awesome; He humbles the haughty to the ground. and raises the lowly,89God humbled the Egyptians who were haughty and raised high the Jews who had been lowly captives in Egypt. to the heights. He frees the captives and redeems the humble, (and) helps the impoverished,90God also helps those who are spiritually impoverished.—Rabbi Yehuda ben Yakar and He answers His people Israel when they cry out to Him. Praises to the most high Almighty their redeemer, blessed is He,91 and He is blessed.92By others. Moses and the Children of Israel sang a song to You with great joy, and they all proclaimed:", "“Who is like You among the mighty, Adonoy! Who is like You— [You are] adorned in holiness, awesome in praise, performing wonders!”", "With a new song the redeemed people praised Your great Name at the seashore! All of them in unison gave thanks and proclaimed Your sovereignty, and said:", "“Adonoy will reign forever and ever.”", "Rock of Israel, arise to the aid of Israel, and liberate Judah and Israel as You promised.93As it is said, “And a redeemer will come to Zion and to those of Jacob who repent of their transgression, said Adonoy” (Isaiah 59:20). Our Redeemer— ‘Adonoy of hosts' is His Name, the Holy One of Israel Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who redeemed94While God is always referred to as the Redeemer of Israel, this blessing utilizes the past tense, “Who redeemed Israel,” as it refers specifically to our redemption from Egypt.—Tzelosa d’Avrohom Our faith in the Redeemer of Israel Who redeemed us from Egypt, and our hope that He will redeem us from exile, give us the spiritual energy and courage to stand before Him, to pray and beseech Him for our needs, as we proceed to the Amidah.—Yesodos haTefillah Israel.", "On Yom Tov, refer to the festival prayers" ], "Amidah": [ "My Master, open my lips, and my mouth will declare Your praise.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, God of Abraham, God of Isaac, and God of Jacob, the Almighty, the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome, most high Almighty, Who bestows beneficent kindness, Who possesses everything, Who remembers the piety of the Patriarchs, and Who brings a redeemer to their children's children, for the sake of His Name, with love.", "(Between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, add: Remember us for life King, Who desires life; and inscribe us in the Book of Life, for Your sake, Living God.)", "King, Helper, and Deliverer and Shield. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Shield of Abraham.", "You are mighty forever, my Master; You are the Resurrector of the dead the powerful One to deliver us.", "From the Musafof the first day of Pesach until theMusaf of Shemini Atzeres you should say: He causes the dew to descend. (From the Musafof Shemini Atzeres until the Musaf of the first day of Pesach you should say: Causer of the wind to blow and of the rain to fall.)", "Sustainer of the living with kindliness, Resurrector of the dead with great mercy, Supporter of the fallen, and Healer of the sick, and Releaser of the imprisoned, and Fulfiller of His faithfulness to those who sleep in the dust. Who is like You, Master of mighty deeds, and who can be compared to You? King Who causes death and restores life, and causes deliverance to sprout forth.", "(Between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, add: Who is like You merciful Father, Who remembers His creatures for life, in His mercy.)", "And You are faithful to restore the dead to life. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Resurrector of the dead.", "Kedushah", "When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei, the Kedushah is said here.", "The Congregation says and the Chazzan repeats:
We will hallow and revere You as [with] the sweet words of the company of the holy Seraphim1A type of angel. who thrice repeat “holy” unto You, as is written by the hand of Your prophet,2Isaiah 6:3. “And they called to one another and said:", "‘Holy, holy, holy is Adonoy of hosts, the fullness of all the earth is His glory.'” Facing them, they offer praise and say: Then, with the sound of great rushing, mighty and strong, they make their voice heard, raising themselves up toward the Serafim, Facing them, they offer praise and say:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats “Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from its place.”3Ezekiel 3:12. From Your place, our King, You will appear and reign over us, for we yearn for You— When will You reign in Zion? Soon, in our days, forever may You dwell [there]. You will be exalted and sanctified within Jerusalem, Your city for all generations and for all eternity. May our eyes behold Your kingship, as it is said in the songs of Your might by David, the anointed of Your righteousness:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats: “Adonoy will reign forever; Your God, Zion, throughout all generations! Praise God.”4Psalms 146:10.", "You are holy and Your Name is holy and holy beings praise You every day, forever. Blessed are You, Adonoy, the Almighty, the Holy One. *Blessed are You, Adonoy, the King, the Holy One.", "Moses will rejoice5Why did our Sages institute three different forms for the Sabbath Shemoneh Esrei: in Maariv אַתָּה קִדַשְׁתָּ , in Shacharis יִשְׂמַח משֶה , and in Mincha אַתּה אֶחָד , whereas on Festivals all three services have the identical Shemoneh Esrei? Our Sages ordained these three separate forms to signify three kinds of Sabbath—the Sabbath of creation, the Sabbath on which the Torah was given at Sinai, and the Sabbath of the World to Come. Thus at Maariv, we say “ אַתָּה קִדַשְׁתָּ , You have sanctified the Seventh day—the climax of making heaven and earth” commemorating the Sabbath of creation. At Shacharis, we say, “ יִשְׂמַח משֶה Moses will rejoice in the gift . . . when he stood before You on Mount Sinai”—to commemorate the giving of the Torah. And at Mincha we say, “ אַתָּה אֶחָד , You are One,” to remind us of the Sabbath of the World-to-Come where indeed it will be revealed to all that He is One.— Siach Yitzchok Moses “Will” rejoice—the future tense is used to indicate that after the resurrection of the dead, in the World-to-Come, Moses will rejoice triply with all aspects of the Sabbath.—Metzudas Yehoshua with the gift6The Sabbath is not a burden but a מַתָּנָה , a gift, God’s most precious and blessed gift. that was his portion, for a faithful servant You called him. A crown of glory7See Exodus 34:29. upon his head You placed when he stood before You on Mount Sinai; and two tablets of stone he brought down in his hand, upon which is written [the command] to preserve the Sabbath, and so it is written in Your Torah:", "“And the Children of Israel shall preserve the Sabbath, to maintain the Sabbath for their generations as an everlasting covenant. Between Me and between the Children of Israel, it is a sign for all time that in six days Adonoy made the heavens and the earth, and on the seventh day He abstained from work, and rested.”8Exodus 31:16, 17.", "And You, Adonoy, our God, did not give it9The Sabbath. to the nations of the lands; nor did You give it as an inheritance our King, to worshippers of idols, nor in its10The Sabbath’s rest. rest do the uncircumcised dwell. For only to Israel, Your people, did You give it in love— to the seed of Jacob whom You chose.", "They shall rejoice in Your kingship— those who preserve the Sabbath and call it a delight. The people who sanctify the seventh [day] will all be satisfied and delighted from Your goodness. And in the seventh [day], You took pleasure and You hallowed it. “Most desirable of days,” You called it— a commemoration of the work of creation.", "Our God, and God of our fathers, be pleased with our rest, sanctify us with Your commandments and give us our share in Your Torah; satisfy us from Your goodness and gladden us with Your deliverance, and purify our hearts to serve You in truth. And give us as our inheritance, Adonoy our God, in love and in pleasure Your holy Sabbath; and may Israel rest thereon— the sanctifiers of Your Name— Blessed are You Adonoy, Sanctifier of the Sabbath.", "Be pleased, Adonoy, our God, with Your people Israel and their prayer, and restore the service to the Holy of Holies in Your abode, and the fire-offerings of Israel; and accept their prayer, lovingly and willingly. And may You always find pleasure with the service of Your people, Israel.", "(On Rosh Chodesh and on Chol HaMoed, the following prayer is added:", "Our God and God of our fathers, may there ascend, come, and reach, appear, be desired, and heard, counted and recalled our remembrance and reckoning; the remembrance of our fathers; the remembrance of the Messiah the son of David, Your servant; the remembrance of Jerusalem, city of Your Sanctuary; and the remembrance of Your entire people, the House of Israel, before You, for survival, for well-being, for favor, kindliness, compassion, for life and peace on this day of:", "Rosh Chodesh", "the Festival of Matzos", "the Festival of Sukkos", "Remember us Adonoy, our God on this day for well-being; be mindful of us on this day for blessing, and deliver us for life. In accord with the promise of deliverance and compassion, spare us and favor us, have compassion on us and deliver us; for to You our eyes are directed because You are the Almighty Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "And may our eyes behold Your merciful return to Zion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion.", "We are thankful to You that You Adonoy are our God and the God of our fathers forever; Rock of our lives, the Shield of our deliverance, You are in every generation. We will give thanks to You and recount Your praise, for our lives which are committed into Your hand. And for our souls which are entrusted to You, and for Your miracles of every day with us and for Your wonders and benefactions at all times— evening, morning and noon. (You are) The Beneficent One— for Your compassion is never withheld; And (You are) the Merciful One— for Your kindliness never ceases; we have always placed our hope in You.", "", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei and says, “Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion”, the congregation responds by saying “Amein” and then the following prayer.)", "We are thankful to You, that You Adonoy are our God and God of our fathers, God of all flesh, Our Creator, Creator of the Beginning. Blessings and thanksgivings to Your great and holy Name for keeping us alive, and sustaining us; so may You always keep us alive and sustain us, and gather our exiles to the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary to observe Your statutes and to do Your will, and to serve You wholeheartedly for we are thankful to You. Blessed is the Almighty to Whom all thanks are due.", "On Chanukah the following prayer is added.", "", "[We thank You] for the miracles for the redemption, for the mighty deeds, for the deliverances, and for the wars that You performed for our fathers in those days at this season.", "In the days of Matisyahu, son of Yochanan the High Priest, the Hasmonean and his sons. When the evil Greek kingdom rose up against Your people Israel to make them forget Your Torah and to turn them away from the statutes of Your will— You, in Your abundant mercy stood by them in their time of distress, You defended their cause, You judged their grievances, You avenged them. You delivered the mighty into the hands of the weak, many into the hands of the few, defiled people into the hands of the undefiled, the wicked into the hands of the righteous, and insolent [sinners] into the hands of diligent students of Your Torah. And You made Yourself a great and sanctified Name in Your world. And for Your people, Israel, You performed a great deliverance and redemption unto this very day. Afterwards, Your sons entered the Holy of Holies of Your Abode, cleaned Your Temple, purified Your Sanctuary, and kindled lights in the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary, and designated these eight days of Chanukah to thank and praise Your great Name.", "", "And for all the foregoing blessed, exalted and extolled your Name, our King constantly, forever and ever.", "(Between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, add: Inscribe for a good life all the children of Your covenant.)", "And all the living shall thank You forever and praise and bless Your great Name with sincerity forever; for You are goodness— the Almighty, Who is our deliverance and our help forever— the benevolent Almighty. Blessed are You, Adonoy, “The Beneficent” is Your Name and You it is fitting to praise.", "Birkas Kohanim11In Leviticus 9:22, we find that after he completed the Divine offering, Aaron lifted up his hands and blessed the people. In like manner, his descendants, the kohanim, uttered the priestly blessing after performing the Temple Service. In our days on the occasions when the kohanim recite the priestly blessings, they do so immediately after the “We are thankful” prayer which terminates the Avodah (Service) section of the Shemoneh Esrei. When kohanim do not say the blessings, the blessings are mentioned by the Chazzan in his repetition of the Shemoneh Esrei.—Avudraham", "Grant peace,13Since the Birkas Kohanim conclude with a blessing for peace, this concluding blessing is a restatement of the last benediction in the form of a congregational prayer.—Pesher Dovor goodness, and blessing, life favor, kindness and compassion upon us and upon all Israel, Your people. Bless us, our Father, all of us as one with the light of Your countenance. For by the light of Your countenance You gave us Adonoy our God, a Torah of life and the love of kindliness,14One of the most important mitzvos of the “Torah of Life” is the mitzvah of doing kindness. But it is incomplete unless there is a love of kindliness in the heart which precedes the act of kindliness.—Pesher Dovor righteousness, blessing, compassion, life, and peace. And may it be good in Your sight to bless us and to bless Your people Israel, at all times and at every moment with Your peace (with much strength and peace).", "(Between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, continue here:) In the book of life, blessing, peace and abundant maintenance, good decrees, salvations and condolences, may we be remembered and inscribed before You; we and all Your people, the House of Israel for a good life and peace.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who blesses His people Israel with peace.", "May they be acceptable the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart, before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "My God, guard my tongue from evil15This prayer was the personal meditation of Mar the son of Ravina, which he recited after he completed his prayers (Maseches Berachos 17a), and it is therefore expressed in the singular. The Jew prays that his mouth, his tongue, and his lips, which have just served as the instruments for his communion with God, will not forfeit any of their moral purity in his dealings with his fellow men.—Yaavetz This prayer is based on the verse, “Keep your tongue from evil and your lips from deceitful speech” (Psalms 34:14). Even though good and evil depend on man’s will, he nevertheless prays for God’s help in controlling himself, so as to permit no insult to provoke his wrath, and to remain calm and silent even in the face of a curse.—Avudraham and my lips from speaking deceitfully. To those who curse me, may my soul be unresponsive; and let my soul be like dust to all. Open my heart to Your Torah and let my soul pursue Your commandments.16May I have an open, receptive and understanding mind and spirit in the study of Torah. When it comes to mitzvos, let my soul know no indifference, indolence, or passivity. Let me demonstrate zealous and vigorous endeavor in all things pertaining to Your mitzvos.—Etz Yosef; S.R. Hirsch And all who plan evil against me, quickly annul their counsel and frustrate their intention. ", "", "(May it it be Your will Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers, that no person be envious of me and that I not be envious of others, that I not be brought to anger this day, and that I not cause Your anger; and save me from the evil inclination, and help me be humble and any modest. Our King and our Father, unify Your Name in Your world, rebuild Your city, establish Your house and perfect your sanctuary. Gather our exiles, redeem Your people, rejoice Your congregation). Act for the sake of Your Name. Act for the sake of Your right hand. Act for the sake of Your Torah. Act for the sake of Your holiness. In order that Your loved ones be released, deliver [with] Your right hand and answer me.", "Biblical phrases applicable to one's name17According to Kitzur Shelah, it is of special merit to recite a Scriptural verse signifying your name before you conclude the Shemoneh Esrei. This verse (or verses) should be recited before you say יִהְיוּ לְרָצוֹן . may be found on pp. 000-000.", "May they be acceptable the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart, before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He make peace upon us and upon all Israel and say Amein.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and the God of our Fathers that the Holy Temple be rebuilt speedily in our days, and grant us our share in Your Torah. And there we will serve You reverently as in the days of old, and in earlier years.", "And let Adonoy be pleased with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem as in the days of old and in earlier years.", "On Shabbos-Rosh Chodesh, on Yom Tov, on Shabbos-Chol HaMoed, and on Shabbos-Chanukah, say Hallel.", "On a regular Shabbos the Chazzan recites the following Kaddish:", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein. May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity. Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Shabbos Shuva: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be acceptance of the prayers and supplications of the entire House of Israel before their Father in heaven. And say, Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "", "Today is the holy Sabbath on which the Levites used to recite in the Holy Temple:", "A psalm, a song for the Sabbath day. It is good to thank18The Sabbath, more than other days, lends itself to offering praise and thanksgiving to God. When man rests from his physical labor and is relieved of material concerns, his soul is free to pursue the intellectual and spiritual aspects of life. These pursuits lead him to serve God and to praise Him.—Radak Adonoy, and sing praise to Your Name, Most High. To relate Your kindliness in the morning, and Your faithfulness in the nights.19We will proclaim His kindliness in the morning of redemption. And while yet in the darkness of exile we proclaim our belief in His faithfulness.—Rashi Upon a ten-stringed instrument and lute, in meditation upon the harp. For You have given me joy, Adonoy, with Your deeds, at the work of Your hands20The Sabbath day of rest affords me the opportunity to observe and appreciate the greatness of Your work.—Radak I sing joyously. How great are Your works, Adonoy; how infinitely profound are Your thoughts.21God’s ‘works’ are the visible creation, while His ‘thoughts’ are the Divine purpose behind each created thing.—Seporno An empty-headed man cannot know, nor does a fool understand this: When the wicked bloom like grass, and all the evildoers blossom— it is so that they may be destroyed forever. But You will remain on high forever Adonoy. For behold, Your enemies, Adonoy; for behold, Your enemies shall perish; dispersed shall be all evildoers. You uplifted my horn22Others translate, ‘You have increased my might like that of the wild ram.’ like that of a unicorn; I am saturated with fresh oil. My eye has seen [the defeat of] those who spy on me; of the wicked who rise against me, my ears have heard [that they are doomed]. The righteous will blossom like a date palm, like a cedar in Lebanon,23The palm and the cedar both enjoy a long life span and flourish during all seasons. Thus they symbolize the lasting happiness of the righteous in contrast to the short prosperity of the wicked. he will grow tall. Planted in the House of Adonoy, in the courtyards of our God they will blossom. They will still be fruitful in old age; they will be full of sap and freshness. To declare that Adonoy is upright; He is my Stronghold; in Whom there is no injustice.", "The Mourner's Kaddish is recited here.", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming if His Messiah in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein. May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity. Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein. He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, and say, Amen.", "The following psalm (104) is recited in many synagogues on Rosh Chodesh days, following the daily psalm.", "My soul, bless Adonoy; Adonoy, my God, You are greatly exalted; with beauty and splendor are You clothed. Enwrapped in light, garment-like, He spreads out the heavens like a curtain. He Who covers His upper chambers with water,1This refers to the “waters that are above the skies” (Genesis 1:6-7; Psalms 148:14).—Metsudas Dovid He Who makes clouds His chariot, He Who walks upon wings of wind. He Who makes winds His messengers, flaming fires His servants. He Who established the earth upon its foundations, [so] that it shall never be moved. The deep, He covered as with a garment;2God covers the depths of the seas in order to prevent them from overflowing and destroying the world.—Metsudas Dovid the waters remain on mountains.3Even though the nature of water is to flow downward, God nevertheless ordered that there be water on the highest mountains.—Metsudas Dovid At Your shout they retreated, at Your thunderous voice they hastened away.4This sentence describes God's command, “Let the waters under the heavens be gathered together unto one place” (Genesis 1:9).—Metsudas Dovid They go up mountains, down into valleys, to the specific place You founded for them. You set a boundary5The sand is the boundary; the water may not cross it to flood the earth.—Rashi [which] they may not cross, lest they return to cover the earth. He Who sends springs into streams to flow between the mountains; to water all the beasts of the fields; the wild ones quench their thirst. Over them dwell the birds of the sky, from among the branches, they give voice. [You] Who waters the mountains from His upper chambers,6See footnote 00. from the fruit of Your works7“The fruit of Your works” refers to the rain which satisfies the needs of the earth.—Metsudas Dovid the earth is sated. [You] Who causes grass to sprout for cattle, and vegetation for the labor of man, to bring forth bread from the earth; wine to cheer the heart of man, to make [his] face shine from oil, and bread to sustain the heart of man. Adonoy's trees are sated,8The trees are satisfied with the rain. the cedars of Lebanon that He planted; where birds make their nests, the stork—the firs are her home. The high mountains [are] for the wild goats, the rocks a refuge for the rabbits. He made the moon to fix seasons the sun knows its place to set. You make darkness and night comes, in which move about all the beasts of the forest. —The young lions roar for prey, and seek their food from the Almighty. [When] the sun rises, they gather and come into their dens to lie. Man goes out to his work, to his labor until evening. How many are Your works, Adonoy! You made them all with wisdom; the earth is full of Your possessions! This sea, great and wide— therein are innumerable creeping things, animals small and great. There ships travel; this Leviathan9According to tradition, God created the Leviathan with a mate but slew her in order that they not reproduce. Because of their tremendous size, they would have brought much destruction to the world (See Rashi in Genesis 1:21).—Rashi You formed to frolic with. They all look to You expectantly, to provide their food in its time. [When] You give it to them, they gather it in; [when] You open Your hand, they are sated with goodness. Whey You hide Your face,10When God withdraws His sustaining power from any creature or being, it perishes. they are panic-stricken; When You gather in their breath, they perish, and to their dust they return. When You send Your spirit,11This refers to the era when God will restore life to the dead.—Rashi they will be created [anew]; and You will renew the face of the earth. The glory of Adonoy will endure forever, Adonoy will rejoice in His works— Who gazes upon the earth and it trembles; Who touches the mountains and they erupt. I will sing to Adonoy with my life; I will offer hymns to my God as long as I am alive. May my words be pleasant to Him; I will rejoice in Adonoy.12When God accepts my prayer, I will rejoice in His deliverance.—Metsudas Dovici Sin will be excised from the earth, and the wicked will be no more; My soul bless Adonoy, Praise God.", "The Mourner's Kaddish is recited here.", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming if His Messiah in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein. May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity. Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein. He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, and say, Amen.", "The following psalm (27) is recited at the conclusion of services, morning and evenings, from the first day of Elul, through Shemini Atzeres. Others say only until Hoasha'na Rabbah. The psalm voices our prayer that God will be our light on Rosh Hashana enabling us to repel the darkness of sin through true repentance, and that He will be our salvation on Yom Kippur, through His compassionate atonement of our sins.", "By David: Adonoy is my light and my salvation, whom shall I fear? Adonoy is the strength24Rav S.R. Hirsch’s translates, “Adonoy is the source of my life’s strength,” thus David declares that God is the fount from which his life derives its power to resist all foes. of my life, of whom shall I be afraid? When evildoers approach me to devour my flesh— my tormentors and my foes they stumble and fall. If an army should encamp against me, my heart would not fear; if war were to rise against me in this25David says that he trusts in the declaration stated in the opening verse, “Adonoy is my light and my salvation; whom shall I fear?”—Rashi, Radak I trust. One thing I request of Adonoy, [only] that shall I seek: that I may dwell26The literal translation of שִׁבְתִּי is “my sitting.” The Talmud states that “no man may ‘sit’ in the courtyard of the Temple except for the kings of the House of David.— Maseches Soteh 40b in the House of Adonoy all the days of my life, to behold the pleasantness of Adonoy, and to meditate in His Sanctuary. For He will hide me in His Tabernacle27The Vilna Gaon comments that the commandment of Succos is implied in this verse and the next. on the day of distress, He will conceal me in the shelter of His Tent, upon a rock He will lift me. And now my head is raised high above my enemies around me;28David declares, “Because I look up to God in every aspect of my existence, I am so exalted that no enemy can harm me.—S.R. Hirsch and I will offer in His Tent, sacrifices [accompanied] with trumpets of joy; I will sing and chant to Adonoy. Adonoy, hear my voice29This verse alludes to Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur. “Hear my voice,” refers to Rosh Hashana when we sound the shofar. The word “my voice (sound)” refers to the “voice” of the shofar. “When I call” refers to Yom Kippur, about which Isaiah (55:6) said, “call to Him when He is near.”—Siddur HaGra when I call; be gracious to me and answer me. Of You, my heart has said, “Seek My Presence”; Your Presence, Adonoy I will seek. Conceal not Your Presence from me, do not turn away Your servant in anger. You have been my help; neither cast me off nor abandon me, God of my deliverance. Altough my father and mother abandon30Even if I were so depraved that my own mother and father would abandon me to my own devices, God would still gather me up and believe in my ability to mend my ways.—S.R. Hirsch me, Adonoy will gather me up. Adonoy, teach me Your way, and lead me in the path of uprightness, because of my watchful foes.31His enemies. David asks for Divine help that he be saved even from the mere semblance of wrongdoing so that his foes should not be able to rejoice over his faults.—S.R. Hirsch Do not deliver me to the will of my tormentors, for false witnesses have risen against me, who breathe violence. Had I not believed32“These false witnesses would have destroyed me had I not believed that I would see the goodness of God in the land of the living.”—Rashi, Radak that I would see the goodness of Adonoy in the land of living.33There are various interpretations of the “Land of the living.” Some hold that it refers to the present world in which we live—Metsudas Tzion; Ramban holds that it refers to the World-to- Come; and Malbim says that it refers to Eretz Yisroel. Hope to Adonoy, be strong and He will give you courage; and hope to Adonoy.", "The Mourner's Kaddish is recited here.", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming if His Messiah in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein. May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity. Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein. He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, and say, Amen." ], "Shabbat Torah Reading": [ "", "Unto you it was made perceptible so that you might know that Adonoy is God, there is nothing else aside from Him.1Deuteronomy 4:35. There is none like You among gods, my master, and nothing like Your works.2Psalms 86:8. Your kingship is the kingship for all worlds and Your dominion is in every generation.3Psalms 145:13. Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King, Adonoy will be King forever and ever. Adonoy will give strength to His people Adonoy will bless His people with peace.4Psalms 29:11.", "Father of compassion! Do good, as You see fit, to Zion. May You rebuild the walls of Jerusalem. For in You alone do we trust, King, Almighty, Exalted and Uplifted, Master of worlds.", "When the Holy Ark is opened, the following is said:", "And whenever the Ark traveled Moses would say: “Rise, Adonoy and let Your enemies be scattered, and those who hate You, flee before You.”5Numbers 10:35. For from Zion will go forth the Torah, and the word of Adonoy from Jerusalem.6Isaiah 2:3. Blessed is He Who gave the Torah to His people Israel in His holiness.", "On a regular Shabbos, continue “Blessed is the Name”. When Yom Tov occurs on Weekdays say the following verse three times:", "Adonoy, Adonoy, Almighty, Compassionate, and Gracious, Slow to anger and Abounding in kindness and truth. He preserves kindness for thousands of generations, forgiving iniquity, transgression and sin, and He cleanses [the penitent].7Exodus 34:6, 7.", "and then add:", "Master of the Universe! Fulfill the requests of my heart for good, gratify my wish, and grant my request. Make me worthy— Your servant [mention your Hebrew name], son of Your maidservant [mention your mother's Hebrew name] and my wife, sons, and daughters, and all the members of my household, —to do Your will wholeheartedly. Rescue us from the Evil Inclination, and grant us our share in Your Torah. Make us worthy of Your Divine Presence resting upon us, and shine upon us the spirit of wisdom and understanding. May there be fulfilled with us the verse that reads: “And the spirit of Adonoy will rest upon him— the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of perception and fear of Adonoy.”8Isaiah 11:2. And so may it be Your will Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, to make us worthy to do good deeds [that are pleasing] in Your eyes, and to walk in the paths of the upright, before You. Sanctify us with Your holiness that we may be worthy of good and long lives, and life in the World-to-Come. Guard us from evil deeds and from evil times which assail the world. And he who trusts in Adonoy, kindliness will surround him.9Psalms 32:10. Amein.", "", "", "", "", "", "May they be acceptable the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart, before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "The following verse is then said three times:
But as for me, may my prayer to You, Adonoy, be at a favorable time; God, in the abundance of Your kindness, answer me with the truth of Your deliverance.10Psalms 69:4.", "The following prayer is said every Shabbos and on every Yom Tov
The following prayer is taken from the Zohar (Parshas Vahakhail), the basic text of Kabbalah which was written by the Mishnaic sage Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai. The Zohar states, “When the Torah is taken out to be read before the congregation, the heavenly gates of mercy are opened, and the Divine love is aroused; therefore one should say the following prayer.
Blessed is the Name of the Master of the Universe. Blessed is Your crown and Your place. May Your good will [be] with Your people Israel forever. The redemption of Your right hand, show Your people in Your Holy Temple. Bestow on us Your excellent light, and accept our prayer with compassion. May it be Your will to prolong our lives in well-being. Let me be counted among the righteous, so that You will have compassion on me and protect me and all that is mine, and all that belongs to Your people, Israel. You are He Who nourishes all and maintains all; You are He Who rules over all; You are He Who rules over kings, and the kingdom is Yours. I am a servant of the Holy One, blessed is He, I bow before Him and before the honor of His Torah at all times. Not in man do I put my trust, nor do I rely on any angel; but only in the God of heaven Who is the true God, Whose Torah is truth, Whose prophets are true, and Who performs many deeds of goodness and truth. In Him I put my trust and to His holy, honored Name I utter praises. May it be Your will to open my heart to Torah, and to fulfill the desires of my heart and of the heart of Your people Israel for goodness, for life, and for peace.", "The Chazzan takes the Torah and says the following verses, each of which is repeated by the congregation.
Hear Israel, Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.", "One is our God, great is our Master; holy is His Name.", "The Chazzan says:
Declare the greatness of Adonoy with me, and let us exalt His Name together.", "The Congregation responds:
Yours, Adonoy, is the greatness, the might, the glory, the victory, and the beauty, for everything in heaven and on earth [is Yours]; Yours, Adonoy, is the kingdom, and You are uplifted over all rulers. Exalt Adonoy, our God and prostrate yourselves at His footstool, Holy is He. Exalt Adonoy, Our God and prostrate yourselves at His holy mountain for Adonoy, our God, is holy.", "", "May the Father of mercy have compassion on the people borne11See Exodus 19:4, “You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I carried you on eagles’ wings.” See Isaiah 46:3, “Israel which are borne by Me from the belly, which are carried by Me from the womb.” by Him, and may He remember the covenant with the patriarchs; may He rescue our souls from evil times; and may He rebuke the Evil Impulse from those who have been carried12Ibid. by Him; and may He graciously grant us eternal survival; and fulfill our requests in beneficent measure, [for] deliverance and compassion.", "When the Torah is unrolled, the Reader says:", "May He help, shield, and deliver all who take refuge in Him, and let us say: Amein. Let us all ascribe greatness to our God and give honor to the Torah. Let the Kohein come forward. Arise, son of , the Kohein, Blessed is He Who gave the Torah to His people, Israel, in His holiness.", "The Congregation responds:
And you who cling to Adonoy, Your God, are all alive today." ], "Blessings on Torah Reading": [ "(The following blessings are recited by every person called to the Torah.)", "The Kohein walks up to the Torah and says: Blessed Adonoy, Who is blessed.", "The Congregation responds and the Kohein repeats: Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed, forever and ever.", "The Kohein repeats: Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed, forever and ever.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who chose us from among all the peoples and gave us His Torah. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Giver of the Torah.", "After the Torah is read, the Kohein says:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe Who gave us the Torah of truth, and implanted eternal life within us. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Giver of the Torah." ], "Prayer for Oleh": [], "Prayer for Mother after Chilbirth": [], "Prayer for Sick": [], "BaHaB Blessing": [], "Thanksgiving Blessing": [ "Rav says, (Maseches Berachos 54) that four are obligated to offer thanks: persons who have safely completed a sea or land journey, or who have recovered from a serious illness, or have been released from captivity. One who is obligated to recite the blessing of thanksgiving should do so at the Torah-scroll, after the blessing following the Torah reading is said.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who bestows goodness upon the guilty, Who has bestowed every goodness upon me.", "The congregation responds: He Who has bestowed goodness upon you, may He bestow every goodness upon you, forever." ], "Bar Mitzva": [ "The following blessing is said by the father of a Bar Mitzvah, after the lad has been called to the Torah and has recited the blessing following the reading:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who has released me from the punishment of this [boy]." ], "Hagbahah": [ "When the reading of the Torah is concluded, the Half Kaddish is recited by the Reader. The Maftir is read and then the Torah is raised so that the congregation can see the script, and the congregation exclaims:", "This is the Torah which Moses placed before the children of Israel. at Adonoy's command by the hand of Moses. It is a tree of life to those who grasp to it, and those who support it are fortunate. Its ways are ways of pleasantness, and all its paths are peace. Long life is at its right, at its left, riches and honor. Adonoy desired, for the sake of His righteousness, to make the Torah great and to glorify it." ], "Haftarah Blessings": [ " The Haftarah, a selected reading from the Prophets, usually contains some reference to the text or theme of the Sidrah, the Torah Reading, which precedes it. According to Avudraham, the recitation of the Haftarah, was instituted during the period of persecution preceding the revolt of the Maccabees, when the actual Torah reading was prohibited. Readings from the Prophets were then substituted in order to review some of the teachings contained in the Torah itself. The word הַפְטָרָה is derived from the root פטר , which means to discharge or conclude. By reading the Haftarah, we conclude the reading of the Torah.
Berachah recited before the reading of the Haftarah:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who chose good prophets,13The true prophet must be genuinely tov “good” and a friend to all men both in his attitude and in his conduct. The heart of a true prophet in Israel must be capable of genuine rejoicing when individuals and mankind flourish, and of sincere sorrow when they go into decline. The Jewish prophet stands in the service of tov of the kingdom of the absolute good whose messenger he is meant to be.—S. R. Hirsch and was pleased with their words14The prophet is given only the basic content of the ideals which he is to proclaim. The words in which he expresses the theme communicated to him however, are his own. According to the Sages אֵין שְׁנֵי נְבִיאִים מִתְנַבְאִין בְּסִגְנוֹן אֶחָד , each prophet has a style, peculiar to him alone, hence a prophet requires the gift of eloquence. God chooses as His prophets only such men whose words are נֶאֶמָרִים בֶּאֶמֶת , spoken in truth.— S. R. Hirsch which were spoken in truth. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who chooses the Torah and Moses, His servant, and Israel, His people, and the prophets of truth and righteousness.", "Berachos recited after the reading of the Haftarah:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Rock of all the worlds, Righteous in all generations, the Almighty, the Faithful One, Who says and does, Who speaks and fulfills, for all His words are true and right. Dependable are You, Adonoy, our God, and dependable are Your words, and not one of Your words is ever retracted unfulfilled, for You are the Almighty, a King who is dependable and merciful. Blessed are You, Adonoy, the Almighty Who is dependable in all His words.", "Have compassion on Zion for it is the home of our life, and the one whose soul is humiliated,15This is the People of Israel, which is humiliated in exile. According to Avudraham and the siddur of Rav Amram Gaon, the text reads: וְלַעֲגוּמַת נֶפֶשׁ which would mean “the one whose soul is grieved.” deliver speedily, in our days. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who causes Zion to rejoice with her children.", "Cause us to rejoice, Adonoy, our God, with Elijah the prophet, Your servant, and with the kingdom of the House of David, Your anointed. Speedily may he come and cause our heart to exult. Upon his throne, no stranger16“Stranger” in this context means anyone not of the seed of David. shall sit, and others will no longer inherit his honor. For by Your holy Name, You swore to him, that his light will never be extinguished. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Shield of David.", "On Fast-days the berachos end here. On Shabbos conclude with this berachah:", "For the Torah, for the Divine Service for the Prophets, and for this Sabbath Day which You gave us, Adonoy, our God, for holiness and for rest, for honor and for glory. For all this, Adonoy, our God, we thank You, and bless You; blessed be Your Name by the mouth of all the living continually forever. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Sanctifier of the Sabbath.", "On Yom Tov conclude with this berachah:", "For the Torah, for the Divine Service for the Prophets. (If a Yom Tov occurs on Shabbos add: for this Sabbath Day) and for this day of (choose the appropriate one:)", "the Festival of Matzos", "the Festival of Shavuous", "the Festival of Sukkos", "the Festival of Shemini Atzeres", "which You gave us, Adonoy, our God (on the Sabbath add: for holiness and for rest) for happiness and for joy, for honor and for glory. For all this, Adonoy, our God we thank You and bless You; blessed be Your Name by the mouth of all the living continually forever. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Sanctifier of Israel and the Seasons. (On Shabbos and Yom Tov say: Sanctifier of Shabbos and Israel and the Seasons.)", "On the last days of Pesach and Shavuos, and on Shemini Atseres, the Yizkor prayers are recited here. If these days should occur on Shabbos, Yizkor is recited after Yekum Purkon.", "", "", "", "Following the readings from the Torah and the Prophets, (the Divine laws and knowledge handed to us in writing,) we proceed to prayers for the survival, support and welfare of the men who perpetuate these laws by teaching and studying the Oral Law. The Babylonian Talmud, the Oral Law was organized in its present form in Babylonia, consequently the first two prayers were composed there in Aramaic, the language used and understood by most Jews. The following three prayers are said only on Sabbath, they are not said on Yom Tov that occurs on weekdays. According to Mishna Berurah 101:19 one who prays without a minyan should not say any of the following prayers, but rather begin Father of Compassion on page 000.", "May there arise deliverance from Heaven— favor, kindliness, compassion, long life, ample sustenance, Heavenly assistance, physical health, good vision,17Others translate נְהוֹרָה מַעַלְיָא as “higher (or true) enlightenment.” and living, thriving children, children who will not interrupt nor desist from studying the words of the Torah— For our masters, and our sages, the holy fellowships, in the land of Israel and in Babylonia. For the heads of Torah assemblies,18The Sages often use the word כַּלֵי in reference to Agadic lectures, and thus רֵישֵׁי כַלֵי would be translated as the chief lecturers, (דַרְשָׁנִים). Torah assemblies כַלֵי were held during the months of Adar and Elul in order to inspire the people and instruct them concerning the approaching holidays of Pesach, the High Holidays, and Sukkos. for the heads of the communities in exile, for the heads of the yeshivos, and for the judges in the gateways;19Judges used to hold court within the gates. for all their disciples, and for all the disciples of their disciples, and for all who occupy themselves with Torah, the King of the Universe will bless them, prolong their lifespans, increase their days, and give length to their years. And they will be delivered and saved from all distress and from all severe illness. The Master in heaven, will help them at all times and at every season. And let us say Amein.", "", "May there arise deliverance from Heaven— favor, kindliness, compassion, long life, ample sustenance, Heavenly assistance, physical health, good vision, and living, thriving children, children who will not interrupt nor desist from studying the words of Torah— for this entire holy congregation, adults, and children, infants and women. The King of the Universe will bless you, prolong your lifespans, increase your days, and give length to your years. And you will be delivered and saved from all distress and severe illness. The Master in heaven, will help you at all times and at every season and let us say Amein.", "He Who blessed our fathers, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, will bless this entire holy congregation together with all the holy congregations, them, their wives and their sons and their daughters, and all that belong to them. Whoever dedicates synagogues for prayer, and whoever enters them to pray, and whoever donates lamps for lighting, wine for Kiddush and Havdalah, food for wayfarers, charity for the poor; and whoever occupies himself with the needs of the community— in a faithful manner— The Holy One, blessed is He, will pay them their reward, remove from them all sickness, heal their entire body, pardon all their iniquities, and send blessing, and success upon all the work of their hands, together with all of Israel, their brethren, and let us say, Amein." ], "Blessing of New Month": [ " The following prayer יְהִי רָצוֹן, composed by Rav, head of the Babylonian yeshiva at Sura, is mentioned in the Talmud, (Maseches Berachos 16b), but not as a prayer specifically ordained for blessing the new month. It was actually a daily prayer that Rav recited each day after the regular service. The יְהִי רָצוֹן was adapted by Ashkenazi Jews as a prayer for the coming of the new month by adding the words: שֶׁתְּחַדֵשׁ עָלֵינוּ אֶת הַחוֹדֶשׁ הַזֶּה לְטוֹבָה וְלִבְרָכָה but Sephardic Jews omit the entire prayer as it is not mentioned either by Rambam or Avudraham.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, to renew this [coming] month for us for goodness and blessing. Grant us long life—a life of peace, a life of goodness, a life of blessing, a life of sustenance, a life of bodily vigor, a life in which there is fear of Heaven and fear of sin a life in which there is no shame or disgrace, a life of prosperity and honor, a life in which there will be love of Torah and fear of Heaven, a life [in which] will be fulfilled the wishes of our hearts for goodness. Amein, Selah.", "The following prayer, is the actual blessing of the month. The Chazzan takes the Torah in his hands and declares:", "He Who performed miracles for our fathers, and redeemed them from slavery to freedom, may He redeem us soon and gather our dispersed from the four corners of the earth; united in friendship is all of Israel! And let us say, Amein.", "The new month of (name the month), which will be on (name the day or days) will come to us and all Israel for goodness.", "May He renew it, the Holy One, blessed is He, for us and for all His people, the House of Israel, for goodness and blessing for happiness and for rejoicing, for deliverance and for consolation, for plentiful sustenance, and support, for good life and for peace, for good tidings, and for good news, for rain at the proper time, for total recovery, and for early redemption, and let us say, Amein." ], "Prayer for Deceased": [ "Yizkor may be recited following the Torah reading.", "In memory of a father:", "May God remember the soul of my father, my teacher, (Mention his Hebrew name and that of his father) son of who has gone to his world, because I pledge [without vowing] to donate charity for his sake In this merit, may his soul be bound up in the bond of life, with the souls of Avraham, Yitzchak, and Yaakov, Sarah, Rivkah, Rachel, and Leah, and with the other righteous men and women who are in the Gan Eden (Paradise) and let us say Amein. ", "In memory of a mother:", "May God remember the soul of my mother, my teacher,
(Mention her Hebrew name and that of her father)
daughter of who has gone to her world. because I pledge [without vowing] to donate charity for her sake. In this merit, may her soul be bound up in the bond of life, with the souls of Avraham, Yitzchak, and Yaakov, Sarah, Rivkah, Rachel, and Leah, and with the other righteous men and women who are in Gan Eden (Paradise) and let us say, Amein. \n" ], "Av HaRachamim": [ "According to Shaar Ephraim, this prayer was composed during the persecutions of 1075 and 1095 when thousands of Jews were killed in sanctification of God's Name. אַב הָרַחֲמִים is said every Shabbos except: when the new moon is blessed, on Rosh Chodesh, on Yom Tov, on Chanukah or Purim, when there is a bridegroom, or when one whose son is to be circumcised on that day is present in the congrega- tion. Between Pesach and Shavuous, אַב הָרַחֲמִים is said in many congregations even on the Shabossos when the new month is blessed.", " Father of compassion, Who dwells on high, in His profound mercy, He will be compassionately mindful of the pious, the upright, and the blameless ones; the holy communities who gave their lives for the sanctification of the Divine Name. They were beloved and pleasant in their lifetime, and in their death are not parted [from Him].202 Samuel 1:23. They were swifter than eagles and stronger than lions to do the will of their Possessor and the desire of their Rock. Our God will recall them favorably together with the other righteous of all time. And will avenge the blood of His servants that has been shed. As it is written in the Torah of Moses, the man of God, “Sing [you] nations, [the praise] of His people, for the blood of His servants will He avenge, and vengeance will He repay to His foes; and His land will be atoned [with the atonement] of His people.”21Deuteronomy 32:43, see Rashi. And by the hands of Your servants, the Prophets, it is written saying: “I will cleanse them22God will forgive the nations for their wrongdoings but He will not forgive them for shedding Jewish blood. [but] for their blood,23Their blood refers to Jewish blood. I will not cleanse them, and Adonoy [still] dwells in Zion.”24Joel 4:21. And in the Holy Writings, it is said, “Why should the nations say, ‘Where is their God?' Let it be known among the nations, before our eyes,25Before our eyes i.e. in our lifetime. the avenging of the blood of Your servants that has been shed.”26Psalms 79:10. And it says, “For He Who is concerned for the blood[shed], He is mindful of them, He has not forgotten the cry of the humble.”27Psalms 9:13. And it says: “He will judge the nations [the battlefield will be] filled with [their] corpses. He will crush heads on the earth many times. From the brook by the wayside will He drink;28God will be satisfied with the vengeance He will wreak upon the nations, as one is satisfied when he drinks from a brook at the wayside.—Metsudas Dovid therefore [Israel] will hold its head high.29Psalms 11:6, 7. When God takes His vengeance, Israel will be vindicated and hold its head high with pride. ", "Fortunate are those who dwell in Your house; may they continue to praise You, Selah. Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus; fortunate is the people for whom Adonoy is their God. A praise by David! I will exalt You, my God, the King, and bless Your Name forever and ever. Every day I will bless You and extol Your Name forever and ever. Adonoy is great and highly extolled, and His greatness is unfathomable. One generation to another will praise Your works and Your mighty acts they will declare. The splendor of Your glorious majesty, and the words of Your wonders I will speak. Of Your awesome might, they will speak and Your greatness I will recount. Mention of Your bountifulness they will express, and in Your righteousness joyfully exult. Adonoy is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and great in kindliness. Adonoy is good to all, His mercy encompasses all His works. All Your works will thank You, Adonoy, and Your pious ones will bless You. Of the honor of Your kingship, they will speak and Your might they will declare. To reveal to men His mighty acts, and the glorious splendor of His kingship. Your kingship is the kingship for all times, and Your dominion is in every generation. Adonoy supports all the fallen, and straightens all the bent. The eyes of all look expectantly to You, and You give them their food at its proper time. You open Your hand and satisfy the desire of every living being. Adonoy is just in all His ways, and benevolent in all His deeds. Adonoy is near to all who call upon Him, to all who call upon Him in truth. The will of those who fear Him He fulfills; He hears their cry and delivers them. Adonoy watches over all those who love Him, and will destroy all the wicked. Praise of Adonoy, my mouth will declare, and all flesh will bless His holy Name forever and ever. And we will bless God from now on forever. Praise God.", "The Chazzan takes the Torah and says:", "They will praise the Name of Adonoy for His Name alone is exalted.", "The congregation then says: His majesty is over the earth and the skies. He will raise the might of His people, [which is] praise for all His pious ones, for the Children of Israel, the people near to Him. Praise God.", "On Shabbos say:", "A Psalm to David. Ascribe to Adonoy—you sons of the mighty— ascribe to Adonoy glory and might. Ascribe to Adonoy the glory due His Name, prostrate yourselves before Adonoy in the splendor of holiness. Adonoy's voice is upon the waters. Almighty of glory thunders, Adonoy is upon [the] many waters. The voice of Adonoy is in power, the voice of Adonoy is in beauty. The voice of Adonoy breaks cedars, Adonoy shatters the cedars of Lebanon. He makes them leap like a calf, Lebanon and Sirion like unicorns. The voice of Adonoy hews out flames of fire. The voice of Adonoy makes the desert tremble, Adonoy makes the desert of Kadesh tremble. The voice of Adonoy causes hinds to calve, and strips the forests bare; and in His Sanctuary all proclaim [His] glory. Adonoy sat enthroned (even) at the flood, Adonoy is enthroned as King forever. Adonoy will give strength to His people; Adonoy will bless His people with peace.", "When Yom Tov occurs on a weekday, continue:", "A Psalm of David: the earth is Adonoy's and the fullness thereof, the inhabited world and those who dwell in it. For He founded it upon the seas, and established it upon rivers. Who may ascend the mountain of Adonoy, and who may stand in the place of His holiness? The clean of hands and the pure of heart, who has not borne My soul in vain, and has not sworn deceitfully. He will bear Adonoy's blessing and righteousness from the God of his deliverance. This is the generation of those who seek Him, the seekers of Your Presence, [God of] Jacob, selah. Lift up your heads, gates, and be uplifted [you] entranceways to eternity, so that the King of Glory may enter. Who is this King of Glory? Adonoy, strong and mighty; Adonoy, the Mighty One in battle. Lift up your heads, gates, and lift up, entranceways to eternity, so that the King of Glory may enter. Who is He, this King of Glory? Adonoy of hosts, He is the King of Glory, selah.", "As the Torah is returned to the Ark the following is said:", "And when it rested, he would say: Return, Adonoy, to the myriads and thousands of Israel. Arise, Adonoy unto Your resting place, You and the Ark of Your strength. Let Your priests clothe themselves in righteousness, and let Your devoted ones sing in joy. For the sake of David, Your servant, do not reject Your anointed. For I have given you good instruction, do not forsake My Torah. It is a tree of life to those who grasp it, and those who support it are fortunate. Its ways are ways of pleasantness and all its paths are peace. Cause us to return to You, Adonoy, and we shall return; renew our days as of old.", "The Chazzan recites the Half-Kaddish:", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will, and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach. in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity. Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Shabbos Shuva: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein." ] }, "Musaf": [ "My Master, open my lips, and my mouth will declare Your praise.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, God of Abraham, God of Isaac, and God of Jacob, the Almighty, the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome, most high Almighty, Who bestows beneficent kindness, Who possesses everything, Who remembers the piety of the Patriarchs, and Who brings a redeemer to their children's children, for the sake of His Name, with love.", "(Between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, add: Remember us for life King, Who desires life; and inscribe us in the Book of Life, for Your sake, Living God.)", "King, Helper, and Deliverer and Shield. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Shield of Abraham.", "You are mighty forever, my Master; You are the Resurrector of the dead the powerful One to deliver us.", "From the Musafof the first day of Pesach until theMusaf of Shemini Atzeres you should say: He causes the dew to descend. (From the Musafof Shemini Atzeres until the Musaf of the first day of Pesach you should say: Causer of the wind to blow and of the rain to fall.)", "Sustainer of the living with kindliness, Resurrector of the dead with great mercy, Supporter of the fallen, and Healer of the sick, and Releaser of the imprisoned, and Fulfiller of His faithfulness to those who sleep in the dust. Who is like You, Master of mighty deeds, and who can be compared to You? King Who causes death and restores life, and causes deliverance to sprout forth.", "(Between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, add: Who is like You merciful Father, Who remembers His creatures for life, in His mercy.)", "And You are faithful to restore the dead to life. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Resurrector of the dead.", "Kedushah", "When praying silently, continue “You are holy,”.", "The Congregation says and the Chazzan repeats:
A crown is given to You Adonoy, our God by the angels on high and by Your people who assemble below: all of them together thrice repeat “holy” unto You as is said by way of Your prophet, “And they called one to another, and said:", "Congregation and Chazzan:
‘Holy, holy, holy, is Adonoy of hosts, the fullness of all the earth is His glory.’” His glory fills the world, His ministering angels ask one another—“Where is the place of His glory?” Facing them, they offer praise and say:", "Congregation and Chazzan:
“Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from His place.” From His place, He will turn in compassion, and favor the people who proclaim the Oneness of His Name; evening and morning, each day, continually, twice each day, with love, they recite “Shema.”", "Congregation and Chazzan:
“Hear Israel, Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.” He is our God, He is our Father, He is our King, He is our Deliverer, He will deliver us and redeem us again and He will let us hear in His mercy a second time in the presence of all the living saying: Behold, I have redeemed you from this final [exile] as from the first, to be your God.", "“I am Adonoy, your God.” And among Your holy words it is written: Congregation and Chazzan: “Adonoy will reign forever, your God, Zion, throughout all generations! Praise God.”", "The Chazzan concludes:
From generation to generation we will declare Your greatness, and to all eternity, we will sanctify Your holiness, and Your praise, our God, will not depart from our mouths forever and ever; because You are the Almighty Who is King; Great, and Holy. Blessed are You, Adonoy, the Almighty, Between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur the Chazzan continues: the King, the Holy One.", "DIVINE SANCTIFICATION
You are holy and Your Name is holy and holy beings praise You every day, forever. because You are the Almighty Who is King; Great, and Holy. Blessed are You, Adonoy, the Almighty, Between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur the Chazzan continues: the King, the Holy One. the Holy One.", "When Rosh Chodesh occurs on Shabbos:", "You formed Your world of old, You completed Your work on the seventh day. You chose us from among all people. You loved us and took pleasure in us, and exalted us above all tongues and sanctified us with Your commandments. You drew us near, our King, to Your service; and Your great and holy Name have You pronounced upon us.", "And You, gave us Adonoy our God, with love Sabbaths for rest and Rosh Chodesh days for atonement. But because we sinned before You— we and our fathers— our city was destroyed, and our Holy Temple was laid waste, and our honor was banished; and glory was removed from the house of our life. And we are [therefore] unable to fulfill our obligations in Your Chosen House, in the great and holy house upon which Your Name was called, because of the [violent] hand that was sent to [attack] Your Sanctuary.", "May it be Your will Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, to bring us up in joy to our land and to plant us within our borders, and there we will offer before You our obligatory sacrifices— daily-offerings in their sequence, and Musaf-offerings according to their laws. And the Musaf-offerings of this Sabbath day, and this Rosh Chodesh day, we will offer and bring near before You with love, according to the command of Your will, as You wrote for us in Your Torah, through the hands of Moses, Your servant, from the mouth of Your glory as it is said:", "“And on the Sabbath day the offering is: two male yearling lambs without blemish; two tenths [of an epha] of fine flour for a meal-offering mixed with the [olive] oil, and its libation. This is the burnt-offering for every Sabbath in addition to the daily burnt-offering and its libation.”", "This is the sacrifice of Shabbos and the sacrifice of today, as it is said:", "“And on your Rosh Chodesh days you shall bring a burnt-offering to Adonoy two young bullocks, one ram, seven male yearling lambs without blemish. And their meal-offering and libations as prescribed: three tenths of an [epha] of fine flour for each bullock, two tenths for the ram, and one tenth for each lamb, and wine according to each libation; and a he-goat for atonement, and the two daily burnt-offerings according to their law.”", "They shall rejoice in Your kingship— those who preserve the Sabbath and call it a delight. The people who sanctify the seventh day they will all be satisfied and delighted from Your goodness. And in the seventh day—You took pleasure and You hallowed it. “Most desirable of days,” You called it—a commemoration of the work of creation.", "Our God and God of our fathers, be pleased with our rest and renew for us on this Sabbath day this new month for goodness and for blessing, for happiness and for rejoicing, for deliverance and for consolation, for maintenance and for sustenance, for life and for peace, for forgiveness of sins and for pardon of iniquities; (on a leap year add: and for atonement of transgression). And may this month be the end and finish of all our troubles, the beginning and prelude of the redemption of our souls, for Your people, Israel have You chosen from among all nations, and Sabbaths, have You made known to them, and the statutes of Rosh Chodesh days, You established for them. Blessed are You Sanctifier of the Sabbath, and Israel and Rosh Chodesh days.", "On Shabbos-Rosh Chodesh continue “Be pleased,”.", "On a regular Shabbos, say:
You instituted the Sabbath and took pleasure in its offerings. You commanded its explanatory laws1This is a reference to the oral tradition which explains the details of the Sabbath laws—the types of work permitted or forbidden on the Sabbath. together with the sequential order of its drink-offering.2Others interpret נְסָכֶיהָ as refering to the “Shewbreads”. See Etz Yosef. Those who make it delightful will forever inherit honor; those who savor it merit [eternal] life; and also those who love its words [teachings] have chosen greatness. Then from [before] Sinai3According to some commentators, this refers to the basic laws of the Sabbath which were given to the Jews at Marah, before they came to Sinai. they were commanded with the precepts concerning its proper observance and You commanded us, Adonoy our God [at Sinai]4The laws of the Sabbath-offering were given at Sinai. to offer on it [the Sabbath] the Musaf sacrifice of the Sabbath, according to its laws. May it be Your will Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, to bring us up5Based on Biblical sources, our Sages have stated that the land of Israel is elevated above all the surrounding lands. in joy to our land, and to plant us within our borders. There we will offer before You our mandatory sacrifices—the daily-offerings in their sequence, and the Musaf-offerings according to their laws. And the Musaf of this Sabbath Day, we will offer and bring near before You with love, according to the command of Your will; as You wrote for us in Your Torah, through the hands of Moses, Your servant, from the mouth of Your glory, as it is said:", "“On the Sabbath day [the offering is]: two male yearling lambs without blemish; two tenths [of an ephah] of fine flour for a meal-offering mixed with the [olive] oil, and its libation. This is the burnt-offering for every Sabbath, in addition to the daily burnt-offering and its libation.”", "They shall rejoice in Your kingship—those who preserve the Sabbath and call it a delight. The people who sanctify the seventh day will all be satisfied and delighted from Your goodness. And in the seventh day—You took pleasure and You hallowed it. “Most desirable of days,” You called it— a commemoration of the work of creation.", "Our God, and God of our fathers, be pleased with our rest, sanctify us with Your commandments and give us our share in Your Torah; satisfy us from Your goodness and gladden us with Your deliverance, and purify our hearts to serve You in truth. And give us as our inheritance, Adonoy our God, in love and in pleasure Your holy Sabbath; and may all Israel rest thereon—the sanctifiers of Your Name—Blessed are You Adonoy, Sanctifier of the Sabbath.", "Be pleased, Adonoy, our God, with Your people Israel and their prayer, and restore the service to the Holy of Holies in Your abode, and the fire-offerings of Israel; and accept their prayer, lovingly and willingly. And may You always find pleasure with the service of Your people, Israel.", "And may our eyes behold Your merciful return to Zion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion.", "We are thankful to You that You Adonoy are our God and the God of our fathers forever; Rock of our lives, the Shield of our deliverance, You are in every generation. We will give thanks to You and recount Your praise, for our lives which are committed into Your hand. And for our souls which are entrusted to You, and for Your miracles of every day with us and for Your wonders and benefactions at all times— evening, morning and noon. (You are) The Beneficent One— for Your compassion is never withheld; And (You are) the Merciful One— for Your kindliness never ceases; we have always placed our hope in You.", "", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei and says, “Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion”, the congregation responds by saying “Amein” and then the following prayer.)", "We are thankful to You, that You Adonoy are our God and God of our fathers, God of all flesh, Our Creator, Creator of the Beginning. Blessings and thanksgivings to Your great and holy Name for keeping us alive, and sustaining us; so may You always keep us alive and sustain us, and gather our exiles to the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary to observe Your statutes and to do Your will, and to serve You wholeheartedly for we are thankful to You. Blessed is the Almighty to Whom all thanks are due.", "On Chanukah the following prayer is added.", "", "[We thank You] for the miracles for the redemption, for the mighty deeds, for the deliverances, and for the wars that You performed for our fathers in those days at this season.", "In the days of Matisyahu, son of Yochanan the High Priest, the Hasmonean and his sons. When the evil Greek kingdom rose up against Your people Israel to make them forget Your Torah and to turn them away from the statutes of Your will— You, in Your abundant mercy stood by them in their time of distress, You defended their cause, You judged their grievances, You avenged them. You delivered the mighty into the hands of the weak, many into the hands of the few, defiled people into the hands of the undefiled, the wicked into the hands of the righteous, and insolent [sinners] into the hands of diligent students of Your Torah. And You made Yourself a great and sanctified Name in Your world. And for Your people, Israel, You performed a great deliverance and redemption unto this very day. Afterwards, Your sons entered the Holy of Holies of Your Abode, cleaned Your Temple, purified Your Sanctuary, and kindled lights in the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary, and designated these eight days of Chanukah to thank and praise Your great Name.", "On Shabbat Purim Meshulash: In the days of Mordechai and Esther in Shushan the Capital [of Persia], when the evil Haman rose up against them, he sought to destroy, to kill, and to annihilate all the Jews, young and old, infants and women, in one day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar, and to plunder their wealth53— And You, in Your abundant mercy, annulled his counsel, frustrated his intention, and brought his evil plan upon his own head, and they hanged him and his sons upon the gallows.", "And for all the foregoing blessed, exalted and extolled your Name, our King constantly, forever and ever.", "(Between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, add: Inscribe for a good life all the children of Your covenant.)", "And all the living shall thank You forever and praise and bless Your great Name with sincerity forever; for You are goodness— the Almighty, Who is our deliverance and our help forever— the benevolent Almighty. Blessed are You, Adonoy, “The Beneficent” is Your Name and You it is fitting to praise.", "Birkas Kohanim11In Leviticus 9:22, we find that after he completed the Divine offering, Aaron lifted up his hands and blessed the people. In like manner, his descendants, the kohanim, uttered the priestly blessing after performing the Temple Service. In our days on the occasions when the kohanim recite the priestly blessings, they do so immediately after the “We are thankful” prayer which terminates the Avodah (Service) section of the Shemoneh Esrei. When kohanim do not say the blessings, the blessings are mentioned by the Chazzan in his repetition of the Shemoneh Esrei.—Avudraham", "Grant peace,13Since the Birkas Kohanim conclude with a blessing for peace, this concluding blessing is a restatement of the last benediction in the form of a congregational prayer.—Pesher Dovor goodness, and blessing, life favor, kindness and compassion upon us and upon all Israel, Your people. Bless us, our Father, all of us as one with the light of Your countenance. For by the light of Your countenance You gave us Adonoy our God, a Torah of life and the love of kindliness,14One of the most important mitzvos of the “Torah of Life” is the mitzvah of doing kindness. But it is incomplete unless there is a love of kindliness in the heart which precedes the act of kindliness.—Pesher Dovor righteousness, blessing, compassion, life, and peace. And may it be good in Your sight to bless us and to bless Your people Israel, at all times and at every moment with Your peace (with much strength and peace).", "(Between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, continue here:) In the book of life, blessing, peace and abundant maintenance, good decrees, salvations and condolences, may we be remembered and inscribed before You; we and all Your people, the House of Israel for a good life and peace.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who blesses His people Israel with peace.", "May they be acceptable the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart, before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "My God, guard my tongue from evil15This prayer was the personal meditation of Mar the son of Ravina, which he recited after he completed his prayers (Maseches Berachos 17a), and it is therefore expressed in the singular. The Jew prays that his mouth, his tongue, and his lips, which have just served as the instruments for his communion with God, will not forfeit any of their moral purity in his dealings with his fellow men.—Yaavetz This prayer is based on the verse, “Keep your tongue from evil and your lips from deceitful speech” (Psalms 34:14). Even though good and evil depend on man’s will, he nevertheless prays for God’s help in controlling himself, so as to permit no insult to provoke his wrath, and to remain calm and silent even in the face of a curse.—Avudraham and my lips from speaking deceitfully. To those who curse me, may my soul be unresponsive; and let my soul be like dust to all. Open my heart to Your Torah and let my soul pursue Your commandments.16May I have an open, receptive and understanding mind and spirit in the study of Torah. When it comes to mitzvos, let my soul know no indifference, indolence, or passivity. Let me demonstrate zealous and vigorous endeavor in all things pertaining to Your mitzvos.—Etz Yosef; S.R. Hirsch And all who plan evil against me, quickly annul their counsel and frustrate their intention. ", "", "(May it it be Your will Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers, that no person be envious of me and that I not be envious of others, that I not be brought to anger this day, and that I not cause Your anger; and save me from the evil inclination, and help me be humble and any modest. Our King and our Father, unify Your Name in Your world, rebuild Your city, establish Your house and perfect your sanctuary. Gather our exiles, redeem Your people, rejoice Your congregation). Act for the sake of Your Name. Act for the sake of Your right hand. Act for the sake of Your Torah. Act for the sake of Your holiness. In order that Your loved ones be released, deliver [with] Your right hand and answer me.", "Biblical phrases applicable to one's name17According to Kitzur Shelah, it is of special merit to recite a Scriptural verse signifying your name before you conclude the Shemoneh Esrei. This verse (or verses) should be recited before you say יִהְיוּ לְרָצוֹן . may be found on pp. 000-000.", "May they be acceptable the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart, before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He make peace upon us and upon all Israel and say Amein.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and the God of our Fathers that the Holy Temple be rebuilt speedily in our days, and grant us our share in Your Torah. And there we will serve You reverently as in the days of old, and in earlier years.", "And let Adonoy be pleased with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem as in the days of old and in earlier years.", "The Chazzan recites the following Kaddish:", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein. May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity. Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Shabbos Shuva: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be acceptance of the prayers and supplications of the entire House of Israel before their Father in heaven. And say, Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "Hope to Adonoy; be strong and He will give you courage and hope to Adonoy. There is none holy like Adonoy for there is none beside You and thee is no stronghold like our God. For who is a god other than Adonoy and who is a stronghold beside our God.", "There is none like our God. There is none like our Master. There is none like our King. There is none like our Deliverer. Who is like our God? Who is like our Master? Who is like our King? Who is like our Deliverer? Let us thank our God. Let us thank our Master. Let us thank our King. Let us thank our deliverer. Blessed is our God. Blesed is our Master. Blessed is our King. Blessed is our Deliverer. You are our God. You are our Master. You are our King. You are our Deliverer. You are He, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers before whom our fathers burned the incenese offering.", "The composition of the incense consisted of balm, onycha, galbanum, and frankincense— by weight, seventy maneh of each; myrrh, cassia, spikenard and saffron by weight— sixteen maneh of each; twelve maneh of costus, three maneh of aromatic bark, and nine maneh of cinnamon. [Also used in compounding the incense were:] Nine kabin of Carshina lye, Cyprus wine [measuring] three s'in and three kabin— if he had no Cyprus wine, he could used strong white wine— a fourth of a kab of Sodom salt, and a minute quantity of maaleh ashan. Rabbi Nosson of Babylonia says, Add a minute quantity of Jordan amber. If one added honey, the incense became unfit; and if one omitted any of its spices he was liable to the death penalty. Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel says: The balm is nothing but sap which drips from the balsam tree. the lye of Carshina was used for rubbing the onycha in order to refine its appearance. The Cyprus wine was used to soak the onycha to give it a pungent odor. Though the water of Raglayim1010 This water came from a well named Raglayim.—Kol Bo was well suited for that purpose, they did not bring the water of Raglayim into the Temple because it would be disrespectful.11Since Mei Raglayim (lit., water from the feet) is a euphemism for urine, it would have been disrespectful to use this water in the Temple. Others hold that the term “waters of Raglayim” actually refers to urine, which could have been used as a soaking agent were it not indecent to bring it into a sacred place.—Kol Bo", "These are the Psalms which the Levites recited in the Holy Temple: On Sunday, they used to recite, “The earth is Adonoy's and the fullness thereof, the inhabited world and those who dwell in it.”9Psalm 24 On Monday, they used to recite, “Adonoy is great and highly extolled in the city of our God, the mountain of His Sanctuary.”10Psalm 48 On Tuesday, they used to recite, “God stands in the congregation of the Almighty; in the midst of judges, He gives judgment.”11Psalm 82 On Wednesday, they used to recite, “Almighty of vengeance, Adonoy, Almighty of vengeance, reveal Yourself.”12Psalm 94 On Thursday, they used to recite, “Sing joyously to God, our strength, shout for joy to the God of Jacob.”13Psalm 81 On Friday, they used to recite, “Adonoy has begun His reign, He has clothed Himself with majesty; Adonoy clothed Himself, He has girded Himself with strength, He has firmly established the world so that it cannot be moved.”14Psalm 93 On the Sabbath, they used to recite, “A psalm, a song for the Sabbath day.”15Psalm 92 It is a psalm, a song for the future, for the day which will be entirely Sabbath and rest for everlasting life. ", "It was taught in the school of Elijah; Whoever studies halachos every day, he is assured of life in the World-to-Come, for it is said, The ways (halichos) of the world are His.\" Do not read halichos, but halachos:", "Rabbi Eliezer said on behalf of Rabbi Chanina: the disciples of the wise increase peace in the world, for it is said: ‘and all your children will be disciples of Adonoy's [Torah]; and great will be the peace of your children.' Do not read banayich [your children] but read bonayich [your builders]. Great is the peace of those who love Your Torah, and they will have no stumbling block [misfortune]. Let there be peace within your moats, serenity within your palaces. For the sake of my brethren and companions, I will say: ‘peace be with you.' For the sake of the House of Adonoy, our God, I will seek [pray for] your good.", "Mourners say the following Kaddish d'Rabanan", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein. May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity. Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "Upon Israel, and upon our Sages, and upon their disciples, and upon all the disciples of their disciples, and upon all those who engage in Torah study in this land and in every land. May there be unto them and unto you abundant peace, favor, kindness, compassion, long life, ample sustenance and redemption from their Father Who is in heaven and on earth, —and say Amein. May there be abundant peace from heaven and a good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein. He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, in His mercy, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "The Chazzan says: Bless Adonoy Who is blessed.", "The congregation responds and the Chazzan repeats: Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed forever and ever.", "It is our obligation to praise the Master of all, to ascribe greatness to the Creator of the [world in the] beginning: that He has not made us like the nations of the lands, and has not positioned us like the families of the earth; that He has not assigned our portion like theirs, nor our lot like that of all their multitudes. For they prostrate themselves to vanity and nothingness, and pray to a god that cannot deliver. But we bow, prostrate ourselves, and offer thanks before the Supreme King of Kings, the Holy One blessed is He, Who spreads the heavens, and establishes the earth, and the seat of His glory is in heaven above, and the abode of His invincible might is in the loftiest heights. He is our God, there is nothing else. Our King is true, all else is insignificant, as it is written in His Torah: “And You shall know this day and take into Your heart that Adonoy is God in the heavens above and upon the earth below; there is nothing else.”", "We therefore put our hope in You, Adonoy our God, to soon behold the glory of Your might in banishing idolatry from the earth, and the false gods will be utterly exterminated to perfect the world as the kingdom of Shadai. And all mankind will invoke Your Name, to turn back to You, all the wicked of the earth. They will realize and know, all the inhabitants of the world, that to You, every knee must bend, every tongue must swear [allegiance to You]. Before You, Adonoy, our God, they will bow and prostrate themselves, and to the glory of Your Name give honor. And they will all accept [upon themselves] the yoke of Your kingdom, and You will reign over them, soon, forever and ever. For the kingdom is Yours, and to all eternity You will reign in glory, as it is written in Your Torah: “Adonoy will reign forever and ever.” And it is said: “And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.”", "", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Mashiach in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein. May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity. Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein. He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and or all Israel, and say, Amein.", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "Master of the Universe Who reigned before any creature was created. At the time when all was made by His will, then was His Name proclaimed King. And after all things shall cease to be the Awesome One will reign alone. He was, He is, and He shall be in glory. He is One, and there is no second to compare to Him, to associate [with Him]. Without beginning, without end, power and dominion are His. He is my God and my ever-living Redeemer, the Rock of my destiny in times of distress. He is my flag1It is to Him that I rally and through Him that I am identified.—Etz Yosef and my refuge; He is the portion of my cup on the day I call.2He answers me. Into His hand I entrust my spirit [both] when I sleep and when I awaken. And with my spirit my body [too], Adonoy is with me, I shall not fear.", "", "You shall take fine flour and bake twelve loaves, each individual loaf shall be two tenths [of an ephah]. You shall place them in two stacks, six in each stack on the Pure Table, before Adonoy. You shall put pure frankincense on [each] stack and it shall be as a memorial portion for the bread, as a fire-offering, to Adonoy. On each and every Shabbos he shall arrange them before Adonoy, continually, from Bnei Yisroel as an eternal covenant. It shall belong to Aharon and to his sons and they shall eat it in a sacred place, for it is most holy for him from among the fire-offerings of Adonoy, as an everlasting statute." ], "Shabbat Day Meal": { "Seder Tikunei Shabbat": [], "Shabbat Day Kiddush": [ "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "“And the Children of Israel shall preserve the Sabbath, to maintain the Sabbath for their generations as an everlasting covenant. Between Me and between the Children of Israel, it is a sign for all time that in six days Adonoy made the heavens and the earth, and on the seventh day He abstained from work, and rested.”", "Remember the Sabbath day to sanctify it.3The Sabbath should be sancified by setting it aside for prayer and Torah study. Six days will you labor and do all your work. But the seventh day is a Sabbath for Adonoy, your God; you may do no work—you, your son, and your daughter, your manservant and your maidservant, your animals and the stranger who is within your gates. For in six days, Adonoy made the heavens and the earth, the sea and all that is in them, and He rested4Rashi comments that the word וַיָנַח, “and He rested,” is used figuratively for one cannot say that God actually worked or rested. It is used to instruct man—if God Who never exerts Himself is said to have rested, man who toils and grows tired, must surely rest. on the seventh day—", "Therefore, Adonoy blessed the Sabbath day, and made it holy.", "On wine say: Attention! Our masters and our teachers.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Creator of the fruit of the vine." ], "Zemirot": [ "", "Blessed is my Master day by day.5Psalms 68:20. He will load us with deliverance and redemption, and in His Name we shall exult all day, and by His deliverance, we will raise our head to the heights— For He is the [source of] strength for the poor, and a refuge for the needy.", "The tribes of Yah bear witness to [the purity of] Israel.6See Rashi to Numbers 26:5. By associating His name Yud (י) Hey (ה) with the tribes of Israel, God testifies that His people had not been sexually defiled by the Egyptians. In their distress He feels distress,7See Mesechet Megillah 29a. [as they were] burdened and enslaved. By a sapphire brick,8When God appeared to the prophets during the era of enslavement, they saw Him with a sapphire brick under his feet. This demonstrated His concern for their hard labor to produce bricks for the the Egyptians. This comforted them in their exile.—Etz Yosef He showed them the might of [His] love; And revealed Himself to lift them from the depths of the pit and dungeon. “For with Adonoy is kindliness, and with Him, is abundant redemption.”9Psalms 130:7.", "How precious is His kindliness, with His shadow to shield them! Into exile in Babylon, was He sent for their sake;10See note 3. when ships were sent down [to carry them away] He included Himself among them; and He made them [objects of] compassion before their captors— “For Adonoy will not forsake His people for the sake of His great Name.”111 Samuel 12:22.", "In Elam12Persia. He placed His throne to save His loved ones;13God saved the Jews from the hands of Ahasuerus who became king of Persia after Cyrus and Darius defeated the Babylonians. to remove from there the strongholds of those who rebelled against Him. From beneath the sword14This refers to Haman who sought to destroy the Jewish people by the sword. He redeemed His servants. The power of His people, He will exalt,15After the miracle of Purim, the Jews became respected and feared. praise for all His pious ones. “For though He afflicts, He is compassionate, according to His mercy and His abundant kindliness.”16Lamentations 3:32 combined with Isaiah 63:7.", "The he-goat, [so] great was its might,17This stanza refers to the Greek persecution, and the Jewish victory through the Hasmoneans. that the (vision of the) four [horns]18See Daniel 8:8. ascended to His ennobled ones?19Ibid. In their hearts they intended to destroy His cherished ones; [but] through His priests20This refers to the Hasmoneans, who were kohanim, descendants of Aaron. He destroyed those who rose against Him. “The kindlinesses of Adonoy have never ended, for His mercies are inexhaustible.”21Lamentations 3:23.", "I was handed over to Edom—22Edomites are descendants of Esau, brother of Jacob. into the hands of my quarrelsome brothers23Esau quarreled with Jacob over the birthright, and the blessings of their father, Isaac. who daily filled their bellies from my wealth.24The Romans grew rich from the taxes they levied on the Jews. His help is with me to support my pillars; and You have not abandoned me all the days of my times.25See Daniel 7:25. This is a reference to the times of our exile “For my Master will not cast [me] away forever.”26Lamentations 3:31.", "When He comes from Edom with bloodied clothes having slain in Botzrah27See Isaiah 63:1. The prophet sees God in an allegorical sense as a Bloodied Warrior Who takes revenge on the imprisoner, torturer, and murderer of the Jewish People, as part of the final redemption. and executed traitors— the splashing of their lifeblood having reddened His garments. With His great power, He will diminish the [haughty] spirit of princes— “Afflicting them with His harsh wind on the day of the East Wind.”28Isaiah 27:8.", "On seeing that it is so, Edom's guardian angel will think that Botzrah is a refuge like Betzer.29Betzer was one of the cities of refuge prescribed by the Torah. That an angel, like a man, is protected within it, and that the premeditated [killer] like the unpremeditated [killer] is held in the refuge.30The Talmud (Makos 12a) says that the guardian angel of Esau will make three mistakes in fleeing to Botzrah. All three are enumerated in this stanza. “Love Adonoy, all His pious ones, the faithful ones whom He preserves.”31Psalms 31:24.", "May the Rock32God is often referred to as the Rock of Israel, indicating that He is the sole source of strength for the Jewish people. command His kindliness His communities to gather; from the four winds unto Him to be gathered. And upon the mountain33Mt. Moriah. exalted above all mountains to grant us rest; and with us, He will return; the banished ones He will gather. “He will bring back,” is not said34See note 00 above. but “He will return and gather.”35Deuteronomy 30:3.", "Blessed is our God Who has done good with us; according to His mercy, and abundant kindliness, He did great things for us. These things and similar ones may He increase for us, to magnify His great Name, powerful, and awesome which is pronounced upon us.", "Blessed is He, our God Who created us for His glory36Isaiah 43:7. to extol Him, to praise Him; and to recount His majesty. Of all peoples, His kindliness has been powerful over us. Therefore, with [our] whole heart, and with [our] whole soul, and with all [our] possessions, we proclaim Him King, and declare His Unity.", "May the Possessor of peace grant us blessing and peace, —from left (north) and from right (south) peace upon Israel. The merciful One, He will bless His people with peace, and they will merit to see children and grandchildren occupying themselves with Torah and with commandments, [bringing] peace upon Israel. Advisor, Almighty, Powerful One, Eternal Father, Prince of peace.37Isaiah 9:5. ", "", "", "Blessed is the most high Almighty Who gave rest—for our souls relief—from calamity and woe; and He will seek out Zion, the outcast city. How much longer will there be grief for a sighing soul? Refrain: -The preserver of the Sabbath—man and woman alike—are to the Almighty as pleasing as a meal-offering in a [sacred] pan.", "He Who rides atop the heavens, King of the worlds, that His people rest on the Sabbath He caused them to hear pleasantly;38The law of Shabbos was one of the Ten Commandments which Israel received at Mt. Sinai. The commandments were all pleasant to the Jews. [to enjoy the Sabbath] with tasty foods, with varied delicacies, with elegant garments, and a family feast. Refrain: -The preserver of the Sabbath—man and woman alike—are to the Almighty as pleasing as a meal-offering in a [sacred] pan.", "Fortunate is everyone who anticipates the double reward39A person is rewarded doubly for all he spends to beautify and enhance the enjoyment of Shabbos. from the One Who sees all Who dwells in the dense cloud. An inheritance he will merit for himself in the mountain and in the valley; an inheritance and a resting-place like him for whom the sun shone.40Him refers to Jacob for whom the healthy rays of the sun shone especially after his battle with the guardian angel of Esau. See Genesis 32:32, “The sun shone for him.” Refrain: -The preserver of the Sabbath—man and woman alike—are to the Almighty as pleasing as a meal-offering in a [sacred] pan.", "Whoever preserves the Sabbath properly, not permitting its desecration, is qualified that love of holiness be his lot. And if he fulfills the obligations of the day, fortunate is he. To the Almighty Master, his Creator, it is an offered gift. Refrain: -The preserver of the Sabbath—man and woman alike—are to the Almighty as pleasing as a meal-offering in a [sacred] pan.", "“Most desired of days” it was acclaimed by my God, [my] strength. Fortunate are the perfect ones—if it is kept. A fitted crown is formed on their heads; the Rock of the Worlds, His spirit rests within them. Refrain: -The preserver of the Sabbath—man and woman alike—are to the Almighty as pleasing as a meal-offering in a [sacred] pan.", "Mention the Sabbath to sanctify it;41See notes 00 and 00 on Kiddush. its glory when raised high is a crown on his head.42The glory of Shabbos becomes a crown on the head of the person who sanctifies it. Therefore, let each man provide himself delight and joy—through them to exalt himself. Refrain: -The preserver of the Sabbath—man and woman alike—are to the Almighty as pleasing as a meal-offering in a [sacred] pan.", "Holy is she to you—Sabbath the Queen—within your homes to place blessing. In all your dwellings you are to do no work—[neither] your sons and daughters, manservant and maidservant. Refrain: -The preserver of the Sabbath—man and woman alike—are to the Almighty as pleasing as a meal-offering in a [sacred] pan. ", "", "This day is honored above all days, for on it rested the Rock of the Worlds.43You may do your work all week but not on Shabbos.", "“Six days do your work” but the seventh day is your God's— the Sabbath—do no work on it for He did everything in six days.44He created the world in six days. Refrain: This day is honored above all days, for on it rested the Rock of the Worlds.", "It is the first of the holy convocations,45It is mentioned first in the chapter dealing with festivals (Leviticus 23) a day of rest, the holy Sabbath day. Therefore, let every man recite kiddush with his wine, over two complete loaves let him break bread. Refrain: -This day is honored above all days, for on it rested the Rock of the Worlds.", "Eat rich foods, drink sweet drinks, for the Almighty will give to all who cling to Him— garments to wear, bread as needed, meat and fish and all delicacies. Refrain: -This day is honored above all days, for on it rested the Rock of the Worlds.", "You will lack nothing on it, and will eat and be satisfied, and will bless Adonoy, your God, whom you love; —for He has blessed you above all peoples. Refrain: -This day is honored above all days, for on it rested the Rock of the Worlds.", "The heavens recount His glory and the earth, too, is filled with His kindliness. [Behold] see that all these, His hand made, for He is the Former, His work is perfect. Refrain: -This day is honored above all days, for on it rested the Rock of the Worlds.", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "Freedom He will proclaim for man and woman. and preserve you like the apple of the eye. Pleasant will be your name, it will not cease. Rest and be tranquil on the Sabbath day.", "Seek My resting place, and My sanctuary,46God is asked to be concerned with rebuilding the Temple. and a sign of deliverance, make for me. Plant a branch within my vineyard,47See Isaiah 5:1-2. consider the cry of my people.", "Trample the wine-press within Botzrah and also Babylon which grew powerful. Destroy my adversaries with anger and rage, hear my voice on the day I call.", "God, cause the wilderness to blossom with myrtle, acacia, cypress and elm48See Isaiah 41:19. to those who encourage Sabbath observance and to those who preserve the Sabbath— give them [abundant] peace as the waters of a flowing river. Crush those who stand up against me Almighty of vengeance, [smite them] with melting hearts and grief. May we open our mouth wide and let it be filled [with praise] our tongue will sing joyous songs to You.", "Cause your soul to know the Torah and it will be a crown on your head. Preserve the commandments of your holy One, preserve the Sabbath of your holiness. ", "", "Great jubilation with my joyous songs, Also add many of my delicacies; to preserve it like Adonoy's command. Refrain: -Sabbath is the day for Adonoy", "It is forbidden to travel on the road49Beyond 2,000 cubits. or to overstep the boundaries; or to engage in creative labor today; eat and drink while praising God, this day was created by Adonoy. Refrain: -Sabbath is the day for Adonoy", "And if you preserve it— God will preserve you like the apple of an eye, you, your son and daughter as well. Proclaim the pleasures of the Sabbath, Then you will be granted pleasure by Adonoy. Refrain: -Sabbath is the day for Adonoy", "Eat rich foods and delicacies, and tasty foods of many varieties, soft-shelled nuts and pomegranates, eat and be filled and bless Adonoy. Refrain: -Sabbath is the day for Adonoy", "To prepare for the table delightful breads, to make for this day, three meals; the glorious Name to bless and thank, be diligent and preserve [the Sabbath] and do it my son! Refrain: -Sabbath is the day for Adonoy \n" ] }, "Shabbat Mincha": { "Korbanot": [ "(Exodus 30:17-21)
And Adonoy spoke to Moses to say: Make a copper laver and a copper base, for washing; and place it between the Tent of Meeting and the Altar, and put water in it. Aaron and his sons will wash from it, their hands and their feet.1His right hand was held above his right foot, the left hand above the left foot and all were washed simultaneously.—Maseches Zevachim 59 Upon entering the Tent of Meeting they will wash with water that they not die, or whenever they approach the Altar to serve, to burn a fire-offering to Adonoy. They will wash their hands and feet that they not die; and this is for them a perpetual statute for him [Aaron], and his descendants for all their generations.", "(Numbers 28:1-8)
And Adonoy spoke to Moses to say: Command the Children of Israel,1Kohanim, Levites and Israelites were to be present at the offering of the two daily public burnt-offerings. The Sages instituted the program of Ma’amodos, under which representatives of all 12 tribes were always present when these sacrifices were offered. These representatives were rotated each week. and say to them: My offering, My food, to be consumed by My fires, a pleasing odor to Me, You shall be diligent to bring unto Me, at its fixed time. And you will say to them: This is the fire-offering that you will bring unto Adonoy: [male] lambs, in their first year, without blemish, two [of them] each day, as a constant burnt-offering. Offer one lamb in the morning, and the second lamb, offer in the afternoon. And a tenth of an ephah2One-tenth of an ephah is the equivalent of 43-⅕ eggs. of fine flour as a meal-offering, mixed with oil of crushed [olives] measuring one-fourth of a hin.3The hin is a liquid measure containing 12 logs, of which each log is approximately 6 eggs. [This is] a constant burnt-offering as offered at Mount Sinai for a pleasing odor, a fire-offering to Adonoy. And its libation will be a fourth of a hin for the one lamb; in the Holy4On the Altar. [Sanctuary] you will pour out a drink-offering of strong wine to Adonoy. And the second lamb you will offer in the afternoon; as the meal-offering of the morning [together] with its libation, you shall offer a fire-offering of pleasing odor to Adonoy.", "(Leviticus 1:11)
And he will slaughter it on the north side of the Altar, before Adonoy; and Aaron's sons, the Kohanim, will sprinkle its blood all around the Altar.", "You are Adonoy, our God, before Whom our fathers burned the incense of spices when the Holy Temple was standing, as You commanded them by the hand of Moses Your prophet, as it is written in Your Torah:", "(Exodus 30:34-36)
And Adonoy said to Moses, Take for yourself spices— stacte, onycha, and galbanum—1Galbanum has an offensive odor. The Torah includes it among the other spices to teach us to include even Jewish sinners among the rest of Jewry at our assemblies of fasting and prayers.—Rashi spices, and pure frankincense, [they] shall be in equal weights. You will make it into incense, a compound mixed by a compounder, salted,2The Hebrew word, memulach is rendered by Onkelos as mixed, to indicate that the spices should be well mixed together.—Rashi undefiled, and holy. You will pulverize some of it very fine, and place it before the [Ark of] Testimony3This incense was offered each day upon the Innermost Altar which is inside the Tent of Meeting.—Rashi in the Tent of Meeting, where I will meet with you; it will be to you holy of holies.\" It is also written:", "(Exodus 30:7-8)
And Aaron shall burn upon it [the Altar] incense of spices every morning; when he cleans the lamps he will burn it. And when Aaron lights the lamps in the afternoon, he will burn it; a constant incense-offering before Adonoy throughout your generations.", "(Maseches Kreisos 6a; Jerusalem Talmud, Maseches Yoma 4:5)
The Rabbis taught: How was the incense compounded? Three hundred and sixty-eight manim4A maneh is a weight; plural, manim. were comprised therein, three hundred and sixty-five corresponding to the number of days in the solar year, one maneh for each day— half in the morning and half in the afternoon. From the three remaining manim the Kohein Gadol brought two handfuls [into the Holy of Holies] on Yom Kippur; [for which purpose] they were put back into the mortar on the eve of Yom Kippur, and ground [again] very thoroughly, in order to make them very fine. Eleven kinds of spices were used for it. They were: 1) balm, 2) onycha, 3) galbanum, 4) frankincense— by weight, seventy maneh of each; 5) myrrh, 6) cassia, 7) spikenard and 8) saffron— in weight sixteen maneh of each; 9) twelve maneh of costus, 10) three of aromatic bark, and 11) nine of cinnamon. [Also used in the incense compound were:] Nine kabin5A kab is a sixth of a se’ah. of Carshina lye, Cyprus wine [measuring] three s'in and three kabin— if he had no Cyprus wine, he could use strong white wine— a fourth of a kab of Sodom salt, and a minute quantity of maaleh ashan.6This herb causes the smoke of the burning incense to ascend in a straight line. Rabbi Nosson of Babylonia says, Jordan amber was added of a minute quantity, and if one added honey,7Included are various sweeteners such as dates and other fruits. it (the incense) became unfit; and if one omitted8The same is true if one were to add to the prescribed number of eleven spices.—Etz Yosef any of its spices he was liable to the death penalty.\"9The death penalty was given only if the Kohein Gadol actually entered the Holy of Holies with incense which was unfit. This was considered as an unwarranted entry into the Holy of Holies which carried the death decree.—Rashi", "Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel says: The balm is nothing but sap which drips from the balsam tree. the lye of Carshina was used for rubbing the onycha in order to refine its appearance. The Cyprus wine was used to soak the onycha to give it a pungent odor. Though the water of Raglayim1010 This water came from a well named Raglayim.—Kol Bo was well suited for that purpose, they did not bring the water of Raglayim into the Temple because it would be disrespectful.11Since Mei Raglayim (lit., water from the feet) is a euphemism for urine, it would have been disrespectful to use this water in the Temple. Others hold that the term “waters of Raglayim” actually refers to urine, which could have been used as a soaking agent were it not indecent to bring it into a sacred place.—Kol Bo", "It was taught in a Boraysa: Rabbi Nosson says, While [the Kohein] ground [the incense] he would say, ‘Hodeik heiteiv, heiteiv hodeik,' because the sound12Some suggest that the sound of these specific words affects the spices. is good for the spices. If half13184 manim instead of 368. the quantity of incense was prepared it was acceptable, but if only a third or a fourth [of it was prepared] we have not heard14I.e., we did not hear our teachers expound this question. [whether it was acceptable.\"] Rabbi Yehuda said, This is the general rule: If [it was prepared with all its ingredients] in the correct proportion, it is acceptable even if only half was prepared; but if he left out any of its spices, he was liable for the death penalty.", "It was taught in a Boraysa: Bar Kappara says, Once in sixty or seventy years15The exact number of years varied with the size of the hands of the High Priests over the years, for the surplus was what remained of these three manim from which he took two handfuls each Yom Kippur. the accumulated surplus was sufficient to provide half [the yearly quantity of incense.\"] Bar Kappara also taught, If he would have put into it a minute quantity of honey, no one could have withstood [resisted] the scent. Why was no honey mixed with it? Because the Torah says, (Leviticus 2:11) For any leaven or honey, do not burn from them, [as] a fire-offering to Adonoy.", "Recite each of these verses three times:", "Please, by the force of Your great right hand, release the bound one. Accept the prayer of Your people; strengthen us, purify us, Awesome One! Please! Mighty One, those who seek Your Unity, preserve them like the pupil [of Your eye]. Bless them, purify them, have compassion on them; Your benevolent righteousness [may You] always bestow upon them. Mighty, Holy One, in Your abundant goodness, lead Your community. Unique One, Exalted, turn to Your people who are mindful of Your holiness. Accept our prayer and hear our cry, [You] Who knows hidden thoughts. Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.", "Fortunate are those who dwell in Your house; may they continue to praise You, Selah. Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus; fortunate is the people for whom Adonoy is their God. A praise by David! I will exalt You, my God, the King, and bless Your Name forever and ever. Every day I will bless You and extol Your Name forever and ever. Adonoy is great and highly extolled, and His greatness is unfathomable. One generation to another will praise Your works and Your mighty acts they will declare. The splendor of Your glorious majesty, and the words of Your wonders I will speak. Of Your awesome might, they will speak and Your greatness I will recount. Mention of Your bountifulness they will express, and in Your righteousness joyfully exult. Adonoy is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and great in kindliness. Adonoy is good to all, His mercy encompasses all His works. All Your works will thank You, Adonoy, and Your pious ones will bless You. Of the honor of Your kingship, they will speak and Your might they will declare. To reveal to men His mighty acts, and the glorious splendor of His kingship. Your kingship is the kingship for all times, and Your dominion is in every generation. Adonoy supports all the fallen, and straightens all the bent. The eyes of all look expectantly to You, and You give them their food at its proper time. You open Your hand and satisfy the desire of every living being. Adonoy is just in all His ways, and benevolent in all His deeds. Adonoy is near to all who call upon Him, to all who call upon Him in truth. The will of those who fear Him He fulfills; He hears their cry and delivers them. Adonoy watches over all those who love Him, and will destroy all the wicked. Praise of Adonoy, my mouth will declare, and all flesh will bless His holy Name forever and ever. And we will bless God from now on forever. Praise God.", "The Redeemer shall come to Zion and to those of Jacob who repent from sin, says Adonoy. As for Me, this is My covenant with them, said Adonoy: My spirit which is upon you, and My words which I have put in your mouth shall not depart from your mouth, nor from the mouth of your children, nor from the mouth of your children's children, said Adonoy— from now to eternity. (This next section is the actual Kedushah d'Sidra)
And You, Holy One, are enthroned upon the praises of Israel.4God waits to hear the praises of Israel before He listens to the praises of the angels.—Etz Yosef God waits until the very last congregation of Jews has completed its prayers and then accepts the prayers of all Israel at one time.—Avudraham And [the angels] call one to another and say: Holy, holy, holy is Adonoy of Hosts:5According to the Targum interpretation, the thrice “holy” in the Kedushah does not indicate three ascending degrees of sanctification. Instead, it implies a declaration that He Who is holy in the loftiest regions of His heavenly abode is holy not only there but also on earth, the creation of His Almighty power; and that He was not only holy in the past, but that He is holy even now and will be holy throughout all the ages.—S.R. Hirsch the fullness of all the earth is His glory.\"6Isaiah 6:3 And they receive [sanction] one from another, and say, Holy in the highest heights of heaven, the abode of His Divine Presence; holy upon earth, the work of His mighty power; holy forever and to all eternity— is Adonoy of hosts; the whole earth is filled with the radiance of His glory. And a wind lifted me; and I heard behind me the sound of a great rushing; Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from His place.7Ezekiel 3:12. And a wind lifted me and I heard behind me a sound of a great rushing of those who uttered praises and said, ‘Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from the place, the abode of His Divine Presence. Adonoy will reign forever and ever.9Exodus 15:18. Adonoy, His kingdom is established forever and to all eternity. Adonoy, God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, our fathers, keep this forever as the intention of the hearts of Your people, and direct their hearts to You.10I Chronicles 29:18. 11May our recitation of the Kedushah inspire our thoughts and direct our hearts to serve You.—Avudraham And He, the merciful One, atones iniquity and does not destroy; He frequently withdraws His anger and does not arouse all His rage.12Psalms 78:38. For You, my Master, are good and forgiving, and abounding in kindness to all who call upon You.13Psalms 86:5. Your righteousness is everlasting and Your Torah is truth.14Psalms 119:142. You will grant truth to Jacob, kindliness to Abraham,15The patriarchs symbolize the three pillars of the universe—Torah, avodah,— the Temple service and gemilas chasadim—kindliness. Jacob epitomized Torah, which is the ultimate truth; Isaac personified Divine service in his readiness to be offered as a sacrifice to God; and Abraham exemplified the ideal and practice of kindliness throughout his life. We thus pray to be granted a share in the Divine truth of Torah in Jacob's merit, and to receive God's kindliness in Abraham's merit. as You have sworn to our fathers from the days of old.16Micah 7:20. Blessed is my Master day by day; He loads us [with blessings],17Etz Yosef interprets the verse in this manner: “Blessed is Adonoy who loads us each day with His blessings and goodness.” the Almighty Who is our deliverance, forever.18Psalms 68:20. Adonoy of Hosts is with us a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob, Selah.19Psalms 46:8. Adonoy of Hosts, fortunate is the man who trusts in You.20Psalms 84:13. Adonoy, deliver [us]; the King will answer us on the day we call.21Psalms 20:10. Blessed is He, our God, Who created us for His glory,22This phrase is based on Isaiah 43:7, “Everything that is called by My Name, I have created it for My glory.” and set us apart from those who go astray;23This prayer is based on Joshua 24:2-3, “Your fathers dwelt on the other side of the river—and they served other gods. And I took your father Abraham from the other side of the river.” See Genesis 20:13 as interpreted by Onkelos. and gave us the Torah of truth, and eternal life He implanted within us. May He open our heart to His Torah, and instill in our heart love and awe of Him, to do His will and serve Him with a perfect heart, so that we shall not labor in vain nor bring forth that which causes dismay.24Some women are barren; they cannot bear children at all. Others have children who are unable to live. Similarly, there arc those who study Torah only to criticize and ridicule what they learn, while others learn sincerely but later rebel against its teachings. Those who study to ridicule are comparable to the barren women who are unable to give birth. But those who later rebel are like those who bear children and bury them. We pray to God to instill His love and fear in our hearts so that our learning will bear fruit and have a lasting influence on our lives.—Siddur HaGra May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, that we keep Your statutes in this world, and [thus] be privileged to live and behold, and to inherit the goodness and blessing of the Messianic days, and in the life of the World to Come. In order that my soul sing to You and not be stilled; Adonoy, my God, forever will I thank You.25Psalms 30:13. Blessed is the man who trusts in Adonoy,26God alone is the source of his trust; he relies on none other than God. One who puts his trust in God, while also relying upon a great many other factors, which he considers essential supports of his life and happiness, is not truly trusting in God.—S.R. Hirsch so that Adonoy is his security.27Jeremiah 17:7. Trust in Adonoy until the end of days, for in God, Adonoy, is the strength of the worlds.28Isaiah 26:4. And they will trust in You— those who know29These are men of the highest caliber who perceive God's ways with undistorted clarity. They discern God's hand guiding the world in its constant, miraculous operation and they know with certainty that all is directed by God.—Malbim your Name, for You have never forsaken those who seek You, Adonoy.30Psalms 9:11. Adonoy desired, for the sake of His righteousness, to make the Torah great and to glorify it.31Isaiah 42:21.", "(Adonoy, our Master, how mighty is Your Name over all the earth. Be strong and take courage, all who wait for Adonoy.)", "The Chazzan recites the following Kaddish:", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming if His Messiah in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "", "But as for me, may my prayer to You, Adonoy, be at a favorable time; God, in the abundance of Your kindness, answer me with the truth of Your deliverance.10Psalms 69:4.", "When the Holy Ark is opened, the following is said:", "Whenever the Ark traveled, Moses would say: \"Rise, Adonoy and let Your enemies be scattered, and those who hate You, flee before You.\" For from Zion will go forth the Torah, and the word of Adonoy from Jerusalem. Blessed is He Who gave the Torah to His people Israel in His holiness.", "Blessed is the Name of the Master of the universe. Blessed is Your crown and Your place. May Your good will [be] with Your people Israel forever. The redemption of Your right hand show Your people in Your Holy Temple. Bestow on us Your excellent light, and accept our prayer with compassion. May it be Your will to prolong our lives in well-being. Let me be counted among the righteous, so that You will have compassion on me and protect me and all that is mine, and all that belongs to Your people, Israel. You are He Who nourishes all and maintains all; You are He Who rules over all; You are He Who rules over kings, and the kingdom is Yours. I am a servant of the Holy One, blessed is He, I bow before Him and before the honor of His Torah at all times. Not in man do I put my trust, nor do I rely on any angel; but only in the God of heaven, Who is the true God, Whose Torah is truth, Whose prophets are true, and Who performs many deeds of goodness and truth. In Him I put my trust and to His holy, honored Name I utter praises. May it be Your will to open my heart to Torah, and to fulfill the desires of my heart, and of the heart of Your people Israel, for goodness, for life, and for peace.", "The Chazzan says: Declare the greatness of Adonoy, with me. and let us exalt His Name together.", "The Congregation responds: Yours, Adonoy, is the greatness, the might, the glory, the victory, and the beauty, for everything in heaven and on earth [is Yours]; Yours, Adonoy, is the kingdom, and You are uplifted over all rulers. Exalt Adonoy, our God, and prostrate yourselves at His footstool, Holy is He. Exalt Adonoy, Our God, and prostrate yourselves at His holy mountain for Adonoy, our God, is holy.", "May the Father of mercy have compassion on the people borne2See Exodus 19:4, “You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I carried you on eagles’ wings.” See Isaiah 46:3, “Israel which are borne by Me from the belly, which are carried by Me from the womb.” by Him, and may He remember the covenant with the patriarchs; may He rescue our souls from evil times; and may He rebuke the evil impulse from those who have been carried3See Exodus 19:4, “You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I carried you on eagles’ wings.” See Isaiah 46:3, “Israel which are borne by Me from the belly, which are carried by Me from the womb.” by Him; and may He graciously grant us eternal survival; and fulfill our requests in beneficent measure, [for] deliverance and compassion.", "When the Torah is unrolled, the Reader says: May His sovereignty be revealed and visible to us, soon; and may He be gracious to our remnant and the remnant of His people, the House of Israel [granting them] favor, kindness, compassion and goodwill. And let us say Amein. Let all ascribe greatness to our God, and give honor to the Torah. Let the Kohein come forward. Arise, ______ son of _____, the Kohein, Blessed is He Who gave the Torah to His people, Israel, in His holiness.", "The Congregation responds: And you who cling to Adonoy, Your God, are all alive today.", "The Kohein*The following blessings are recited by every person called to the Torah. walks up to the Torah and says: Blessed Adonoy, who is blessed.", "The Congregation responds and the Kohein repeats: Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed, forever and ever.", "The Kohein says: Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who chose us from among all the peoples and gave us His Torah. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Giver of the Torah.", "After the Torah is read, the Kohein says: Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe Who gave us the Torah of truth, and implanted eternal life within us. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Giver of the Torah.", "Rav says, (Maseches Berachos 54) that four are obligated to offer thanks: persons who have safely completed a sea or land journey, or who have recovered from a serious illness, or have been released from captivity. One who is obligated to recite the blessing of thanksgiving should do so at the Torah-scroll after the blessing that follows the Torah reading. It is proper not to delay the recital of the blessing for more than three days.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who bestows goodness upon the guilty, Who has bestowed every goodness upon me.", "The congregation responds: He Who has bestowed goodness upon you, may He bestow every goodness upon you, forever.", "Blessing by the father of a Bar Mitzvah", "The following blessing is said by the father of a Bar Mitzvah, after the lad has been called to the Torah and has recited the blessing following the reading:", "Blessed (are You) who has released me from the punishment1The father is liable for the sins of his children only until they have been taught and trained to perform and observe the mitzvos. Once they have reached this level, even though they are not yet thirteen years of age, the father is no longer responsible for their sins.
Why then is this Beracha recited at the time of Bar Mitzvah? The Dover Meisharim, cites sources stating that on the contrary, children sometimes perish because of their fathers׳ sins. The fathers, in turn, are punished for causing the untimely deaths of their young children. Thus when they reach thirteen and are no longer liable for their fathers’ sins, the fathers too are released from the punishment they could have received for causing their children to perish. The Beracha is therefore recited at the Bar Mitzvah when the son becomes fully independent of his father.
of this [boy].", "When the reading of the Torah is concluded, the Half Kaddish is recited by the Reader. The Torah is then raised so that the congregation can see the script, and the congregation exclaims:", "This is the Torah which Moses placed before the children of Israel. at Adonoy's command by the hand of Moses. It is a tree of life to those who grasp to it, and those who support it are fortunate. Its ways are ways of pleasantness, and all its paths are peace. Long life is at its right, at its left, riches and honor. Adonoy desired, for the sake of His righteousness, to make the Torah great and to glorify it.", "Praise God. I will thank Adonoy with all my heart, in the council of the upright and in the congregation. Great are the works of Adonoy; available to all who desire them. Beauty and splendor is His work, and His righteousness endures forever. He made a memorial for His wonders, gracious and merciful is Adonoy. He gave food to those who fear Him; He is ever mindful of His covenant. The power of His works He has declared to His people, to give them the inheritance of the nations. The works of His hands are truth and justice, faithful are all His precepts. They are established forever, for eternity; they are achieved in truth and uprightness. Redemption He sent to His people, He commanded His covenant for eternity; holy and awe-inspiring is His Name. The beginning of wisdom is the fear of Adonoy, good understanding to all who perform [His commandments], His praise endures forever.", "Psalm 112
This Psalm lauds the man who truly fears God and whose utmost desire is to fulfill His commandments.
Praise God. Fortunate is the man who fears Adonoy; His commandments, he greatly desires. Mighty upon the earth will be his seed, a generation of the upright who will be blessed. Wealth and riches are in his house, and his righteousness endures forever. He causes to shine in the darkness a light for the upright [for He is] gracious, compassionate and righteous. Good is the man who is gracious and lends, who conducts his affairs with justice. For he will never be moved, as an everlasting remembrance will the righteous remain. He will not fear evil tidings, steadfast is his heart, trusting in Adonoy; His heart is steadfast, he will not fear, even before he sees his adversaries' [downfall] [Widely distributed charity] he dispersed to the needy; his righteousness endures forever, his horn will be exalted with honor. The wicked will see it and be angered, he will gnash his teeth and melt away; the desire of the wicked will perish.", "The Chazzan takes the Torah and says: They will praise the Name of Adonoy for His Name alone is exalted. ", "The congregation then says: His majesty is over the earth and the skies. He will raise the might of His people, [which is] praise for all His pious ones, for the children of Israel, the people near to Him.", " Praise God. A psalm of David: the earth is Adonoy's and the fullness thereof, the inhabited world and those who dwell in it. For He founded it upon the seas, and established it upon rivers. Who may ascend the mountain of Adonoy, and who may stand in the place of His holiness? The clean of hands and the pure of heart, who has not borne My soul in vain, and has not sworn deceitfully. He will bear Adonoy's blessing and righteousness from the God of his deliverance. This is the generation of those who seek Him, the seekers of Your Presence, [God of] Jacob, selah. Lift up your heads, gates, and be uplifted [you] entranceways to eternity, so that the King of Glory may enter. Who is this King of Glory? Adonoy, strong and mighty; Adonoy, the Mighty One in battle. Lift up your heads, gates, and lift up, entranceways to eternity, so that the King of Glory may enter. Who is He, this King of Glory? Adonoy of hosts, He is the King of Glory, selah.", "As the Torah is returned to the Ark the following is said: And when it rested, he would say: Return, Adonoy, to the myriads and thousands of Israel. Arise, Adonoy unto Your resting place, You and the Ark of Your strength. Let Your priests clothe themselves in righteousness, and let Your devoted ones sing in joy. For the sake of David, Your servant, do not reject Your anointed. For I have given you good instruction, do not forsake My Torah. It is a tree of life to those who grasp it, and those who support it are fortunate. Its ways are ways of pleasantness and all its paths are peace. Cause us to return to you, Adonoy, and we shall return; renew our days as of old.", "The Chazzan recites the following Kaddish:", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming if His Messiah in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He; above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns, praises and consolations which we utter in the world—and say Amein." ], "Amidah": [], "Pirkei Avot": [] }, "Third Meal": { "Zemirot": [], "Motzaei Shabbat Prayers": [], "Gott Fun Avraham": [] }, "Motzaei Shabbat ": { "Havdala": [], "Hamavdil": [], "Melava Malka Zemirot": [] }, "Shaking Lulav": [], "Rosh Chodesh": { "Hallel": [], "Song of the Day": [], "Barchi Nafshi": [], "Torah Reading": [], "Ashrei Uva L'Tziyon": [], "Returning Sefer Torah": [], "Mussaf": [] }, "Holidays": { "Yom Tov Eve Kiddush": [], "Kaddish Before Maariv Amidah": [], "Maariv, Shacharit & Mincha Amidah": [], "Yizkor": [], "Prayer for Dew": [], "Prayer for Rain": [], "Yom Tov Musaf Amidah": [], "Yom Tov Daytime Kiddush": [], "Prayer Upon Entering Sukkah": [] }, "Nissan": { "The'Nasi' Readings": [], "Search for Hametz": [], "Burning Hametz": [], "Pesach Offering": [], "Letter of Rav Shimshon of Ostropol": [] }, "Pesach Haggadah": { "Kadesh": [], "Urchatz": [], "Karpas": [], "Yachatz": [], "Maggid": [], "Rochtzoh": [], "Motzi, Matzah": [], "Maror": [], "Korech": [], "Shulchan Orech": [], "Tzafun": [], "Barech": [], "Hallel": [], "Nirtzah": [], "Shir HaShirim": [] }, "Sukkot": { "Order of Hoshanot": [], "First Day & Chol HaMoed": [], "Sabbath": [], "Hoshana Rabba": [] }, "Simchat Torah": { "Hakafot": [], "Evening Torah Reading": [] }, "Shavuot": [], "Yotzerot": { "Parashat Sekalim": [], "Musaf for Shekalim": [], "Parashat Zachor": [], "Parashat Parah": [], "Parashat HaChodesh": [], "Musaf for Hachodesh": [], "Shabbat HaGadol": [], "Haggadah for Shabbat Hagadol": [] }, "Chanukah": { "Menorah Lighting": [], "Torah Reading": [], "Song for Shabbat Chanuka": [] }, "Purim": { "Parashat Zachor": [], "Megillah Reading": [], "Order of Purim Day": [], "Krovetz L'Purim": [], "Torah Reading": [] }, "Fast Days": { "Yom Kippur Katan": [], "Selichot for BaHaB": [], "Selichot for First Monday": [], "Selichot for Thursday": [], "Selichot for Concluding Monday": [], "Selichot for Asara B'Tevet": [], "Selichot for Taanit Esther": [], "Selichot for 20 Sivan": [], "El Maleh Prayer": [], "Selichot for 17 Tamuz": [], "Selichot for Childrens' Illness": [] }, "Torah Readings": { "Torah Reading for Shabbat Mincha & Monday, Thursday": [], "Fast Day Torah Reading": [], "Fast Day Mincha Haftara": [], "Torah Reading for Rosh Chodesh": [], "Torah Reading for Chol Hamoed Pesach": [], "Torah Reading for Chol Hamoed Sukkot": [] }, "Priestly Blessing": [], "Various Prayers & Segulot": { "Formula Against Evil Eye": [], "Letter of Ramban": [], "Prayer of the Shelah": [], "Parashat Haman Reading for Tuesday Beshalach": [], "Prayer for Livelihood": [], "Awesome Prayer of Rabbeinu Tam": [] } }, "schema": { "heTitle": "סידור ספרד", "enTitle": "Siddur Sefard", "key": "Siddur Sefard", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "סדר השכמת הבוקר", "enTitle": "Upon Arising", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "מודה אני", "enTitle": "Modeh Ani" }, { "heTitle": "טלית", "enTitle": "Tallit" }, { "heTitle": "תפילין", "enTitle": "Tefilin" }, { "heTitle": "תפילה קודם התפילה", "enTitle": "Introductory Prayers" }, { "heTitle": "סדר הליכה לבית הכנסת", "enTitle": "Upon Entering Synagogue" } ] }, { "heTitle": "שחרית לימות החול", "enTitle": "Weekday Shacharit", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברכות השחר", "enTitle": "Morning Blessings" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות התורה", "enTitle": "Blessings on Torah" }, { "heTitle": "תפילת השחר", "enTitle": "Morning Prayer" }, { "heTitle": "קרבנות", "enTitle": "Korbanot" }, { "heTitle": "ברייתא דר' ישמעאל", "enTitle": "B'raita d'Rabi Yishmael" }, { "heTitle": "הודו", "enTitle": "Hodu" }, { "heTitle": "ישתבח", "enTitle": "Yishtabach" }, { "heTitle": "ק\"ש וברכותיה", "enTitle": "The Shema" }, { "heTitle": "עמידה", "enTitle": "Amidah" }, { "heTitle": "תחנון", "enTitle": "Tachanun" }, { "heTitle": "אבינו מלכנו", "enTitle": "Avinu Malkeinu" }, { "heTitle": "לשני וחמישי", "enTitle": "For Monday & Thursday" }, { "heTitle": "קריאת התורה", "enTitle": "Torah Reading" }, { "heTitle": "אשרי", "enTitle": "Ashrei" }, { "heTitle": "בית יעקב", "enTitle": "Beit Yaakov" }, { "heTitle": "שיר של יום", "enTitle": "Song of the Day" }, { "heTitle": "ברכי נפשי", "enTitle": "Barchi Nafshi" }, { "heTitle": "לדוד ה'", "enTitle": "L'David Hashem" }, { "heTitle": "קוה", "enTitle": "Kaveh" }, { "heTitle": "עלינו", "enTitle": "Aleinu" } ] }, { "heTitle": "תוספות אחרי שחרית", "enTitle": "Additional Prayers ", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "שש זכירות", "enTitle": "Six Rememberances" }, { "heTitle": "שלשה עשר עיקרים", "enTitle": "Thirteen Principles" }, { "heTitle": "פרשת היראה", "enTitle": "Chapter of Fear of God" }, { "heTitle": "פרשת התשובה", "enTitle": "Chapter of Repentance" }, { "heTitle": "פרשת המן", "enTitle": "Chapter of Manna" }, { "heTitle": "בקשות לאחר התפילה", "enTitle": "Supplications After Prayers" }, { "heTitle": "פרק שירה", "enTitle": "Chapter of Song" } ] }, { "heTitle": "מנחה לימות החול", "enTitle": "Weekday Mincha", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "קרבנות", "enTitle": "Korbanot" }, { "heTitle": "קריאה לתענית ציבור", "enTitle": "Torah Reading for Fast Day" }, { "heTitle": "עמידה", "enTitle": "Amidah" }, { "heTitle": "תחנון", "enTitle": "Tachanun" }, { "heTitle": "אבינו מלכנו", "enTitle": "Avinu Malkeinu" } ] }, { "heTitle": "ערבית לימות החול", "enTitle": "Weekday Maariv", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ק\"ש וברכותיה", "enTitle": "The Shema" }, { "heTitle": "עמידה", "enTitle": "Amidah" }, { "heTitle": "ערבית למוצאי שבת", "enTitle": "Motzaei Shabbat" }, { "heTitle": "ספירת העומר", "enTitle": "Sefirat HaOmer" } ] }, { "heTitle": "קידוש לבנה", "enTitle": "Kiddush Levanah" }, { "heTitle": "קריאת שמע שעל המיטה", "enTitle": "Bedtime Shema" }, { "heTitle": "שירים לל\"ג בעומר", "enTitle": "Lag BaOmer Songs", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אמר רבי עקיבא", "enTitle": "Amar Rabbi Akiva" }, { "heTitle": "אשרנו מה טוב חלקנו", "enTitle": "Ashreinu Ma Tov" }, { "heTitle": "אשרינו ומה נעים גורלינו", "enTitle": "Ashreinu Uma Naim" }, { "heTitle": "בר יוחאי", "enTitle": "Bar Yochai" }, { "heTitle": "בר יוחאי בוצינא קדישא", "enTitle": "Bar Yochai Butzina Kadisha" }, { "heTitle": "בר יוחאי ה' עמך", "enTitle": "Bar Yochai Hashem Imcha" }, { "heTitle": "בר יוחאי יסוד עולם", "enTitle": "Bar Yochai Yesod Olam" }, { "heTitle": "בר יוחאי תגל יולדתך", "enTitle": "Bar Yochai Tagel Yoladetecha" }, { "heTitle": "ואמרתם כה לחי", "enTitle": "Va'amartem Ko Lechai" }, { "heTitle": "לכבוד התנא האלקי רבי שמעון בר יוחאי", "enTitle": "Lichvod HaTanna" }, { "heTitle": "נעלה ונבוא אל שערי מירון", "enTitle": "Naaleh V'Navo" } ] }, { "heTitle": "ברכות ותפילות שונות", "enTitle": "Various Blessings", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "סדר ברכות אירוסין ונשואין", "enTitle": "Marriage Blessings" }, { "heTitle": "סדר שבע ברכות", "enTitle": "Sheva Berachot" }, { "heTitle": "סדר ברית מילה", "enTitle": "Circumcision" }, { "heTitle": "גאולה לברית מילה", "enTitle": "Geula LeBrit Milah" }, { "heTitle": "סדר פדיון הבן", "enTitle": "Redeeming Firstborn" } ] }, { "heTitle": "סדר סעודה וברכותיה", "enTitle": "Mealtime Blessings" }, { "heTitle": "סדר ברכת המזון", "enTitle": "Birchat HaMazon", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": " ברכת המזון", "enTitle": "Birchat HaMazon" }, { "heTitle": "הרחמן לברית מילה", "enTitle": "Brit Milah" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות הנהנין", "enTitle": "Blessing on Foods" } ] }, { "heTitle": "ברכות הנהנין", "enTitle": "Blessings", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברכה אחרונה מעין שלוש", "enTitle": "Me'ein Shalosh" }, { "heTitle": "בורא פרי העץ", "enTitle": "Ha'etz" }, { "heTitle": "בורא פרי האדמה", "enTitle": "Ha'adamah" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת שהכל", "enTitle": "Shehakol" }, { "heTitle": "בורא נפשות", "enTitle": "Borei Nefashot" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת שהחיינו", "enTitle": "Shehecheyanu" }, { "heTitle": "ריח בשמים", "enTitle": "Fragrant Spices" }, { "heTitle": "ריח טוב שבעשבים", "enTitle": "Fragrant Herbs" }, { "heTitle": "ריח טוב שבעצים", "enTitle": "Fragrant Shrubs" }, { "heTitle": "ריח טוב שבפירות", "enTitle": "Fragrant Fruit" }, { "heTitle": "שמן אפרסמון", "enTitle": "Fragrant Oils" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת ברקים ורעמים", "enTitle": "Lightning & Thunder" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת הקשת", "enTitle": "Seeing Rainbow" }, { "heTitle": "הים הגדול", "enTitle": "Seeing Ocean" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת האילנות", "enTitle": "Blossoming Fruit Tree" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות שונות", "enTitle": "Various Blessings of Praise" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת טבילת כלים", "enTitle": "Immersing Utensils" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת המזוזה", "enTitle": "Mezuzah" }, { "heTitle": "סדר הפרשת חלה", "enTitle": "Separating Challah" }, { "heTitle": "סדר הפרשת תרומות ומעשרות", "enTitle": "Separating Terumot & Maasrot" }, { "heTitle": "תפלת הדרך", "enTitle": "Traveler's Prayer" }, { "heTitle": "תפילת הדרך לטסים באוירון", "enTitle": "Air Traveler's Prayer" } ] }, { "heTitle": "סדר ערוב תבשילין", "enTitle": "Eruv Tavshilin" }, { "heTitle": "סדר הדלקת נרות שבת", "enTitle": "Shabbat Candle Lighting" }, { "heTitle": "מנחה לערב שבת", "enTitle": "Shabbat Eve Mincha", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "שיר השירים", "enTitle": "Song of Songs" }, { "heTitle": "מנחה לערב שבת", "enTitle": "Mincha" }, { "heTitle": "תפילת עמידה", "enTitle": "Amidah" } ] }, { "heTitle": "קבלת שבת", "enTitle": "Kabbalat Shabbat" }, { "heTitle": "ערבית של שבת", "enTitle": "Shabbat Eve Maariv", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "תפילת ערבית של שבת", "enTitle": "Shabbat Eve Maariv" }, { "heTitle": "ק\"ש וברכותיה", "enTitle": "Shema & Blessings" }, { "heTitle": "תפילת עמידה", "enTitle": "Amidah" }, { "heTitle": "ויכולו", "enTitle": "Vayechulu" } ] }, { "heTitle": "סעודת ליל שבת", "enTitle": "Shabbat Evening Meal", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברכת הבנים", "enTitle": "Blessing the Children" }, { "heTitle": "שלום עליכם", "enTitle": "Shalom Aleichem" }, { "heTitle": "אשת חיל", "enTitle": "Eishet Chayil" }, { "heTitle": "אתקינו סעודתא", "enTitle": "Atkinu Seudata" }, { "heTitle": "קידוש ליל שבת", "enTitle": "Shabbat Eve Kiddush" }, { "heTitle": "זמירות לליל שבת", "enTitle": "Zemirot" } ] }, { "heTitle": "שחרית של שבת", "enTitle": "Shabbat Morning Services", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "פסוקי דזמרה", "enTitle": "Pesukei D'Zimrah" }, { "heTitle": "ק\"ש וברכותיה", "enTitle": "Shema & Blessings" }, { "heTitle": "תפילת עמידה", "enTitle": "Amidah" }, { "heTitle": "סדר קריאת התורה בשבת", "enTitle": "Shabbat Torah Reading" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת התורה", "enTitle": "Blessings on Torah Reading" }, { "heTitle": "מי שברך לעולה לתורה", "enTitle": "Prayer for Oleh" }, { "heTitle": "מי שברך ליולדת", "enTitle": "Prayer for Mother after Chilbirth" }, { "heTitle": "מי שברך לחולה", "enTitle": "Prayer for Sick" }, { "heTitle": "מברכין בה\"ב", "enTitle": "BaHaB Blessing" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת הגומל", "enTitle": "Thanksgiving Blessing" }, { "heTitle": "לנער בר מצוה", "enTitle": "Bar Mitzva" }, { "heTitle": "הגבהת ספר תורה", "enTitle": "Hagbahah" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות ההפטרה", "enTitle": "Haftarah Blessings" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת החודש", "enTitle": "Blessing of New Month" }, { "heTitle": "הזכרת נשמות", "enTitle": "Prayer for Deceased" }, { "heTitle": "אב הרחמים", "enTitle": "Av HaRachamim" } ] }, { "heTitle": "מוסף של שבת", "enTitle": "Musaf" }, { "heTitle": "סעודת שבת", "enTitle": "Shabbat Day Meal", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "סדר תיקוני שבת", "enTitle": "Seder Tikunei Shabbat" }, { "heTitle": "קידוש ליום השבת", "enTitle": "Shabbat Day Kiddush" }, { "heTitle": "זמירות ליום השבת", "enTitle": "Zemirot" } ] }, { "heTitle": "מנחה לשבת קודש", "enTitle": "Shabbat Mincha", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "קרבנות", "enTitle": "Korbanot" }, { "heTitle": "תפילת עמידה", "enTitle": "Amidah" }, { "heTitle": "פרקי אבות", "enTitle": "Pirkei Avot" } ] }, { "heTitle": "סעודה שלישית", "enTitle": "Third Meal", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "זמירות לסעודה שלישית", "enTitle": "Zemirot" }, { "heTitle": "סדר מוצאי שבת", "enTitle": "Motzaei Shabbat Prayers" }, { "heTitle": "בקשה למוצאי שבת", "enTitle": "Gott Fun Avraham" } ] }, { "heTitle": "למוצאי שבת", "enTitle": "Motzaei Shabbat ", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "סדר הבדלה", "enTitle": "Havdala" }, { "heTitle": "זמר למוצאי שבת", "enTitle": "Hamavdil" }, { "heTitle": "זמירות לסעודת מלוה מלכה", "enTitle": "Melava Malka Zemirot" } ] }, { "heTitle": "סדר נטילת לולב", "enTitle": "Shaking Lulav" }, { "heTitle": "לראש חודש", "enTitle": "Rosh Chodesh", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "סדר הלל", "enTitle": "Hallel" }, { "heTitle": "שיר של יום", "enTitle": "Song of the Day" }, { "heTitle": "ברכי נפשי", "enTitle": "Barchi Nafshi" }, { "heTitle": "קריאת התורה לראש חדש", "enTitle": "Torah Reading" }, { "heTitle": "אשרי ובא לציון", "enTitle": "Ashrei Uva L'Tziyon" }, { "heTitle": "החזרת ספר תורה", "enTitle": "Returning Sefer Torah" }, { "heTitle": "מוסף לראש חודש", "enTitle": "Mussaf" } ] }, { "heTitle": "לשלש רגלים", "enTitle": "Holidays", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "קידוש לשלש רגלים", "enTitle": "Yom Tov Eve Kiddush" }, { "heTitle": "תפילת ג' רגלים לערבית, לשחרית ולמנחה", "enTitle": "Kaddish Before Maariv Amidah" }, { "heTitle": "תפילת עמידה לשחרית, מנחה וערבית של ג' רגלים", "enTitle": "Maariv, Shacharit & Mincha Amidah" }, { "heTitle": "סדר הזכרת נשמות", "enTitle": "Yizkor" }, { "heTitle": "תפילת טל ליום ראשון של פסח", "enTitle": "Prayer for Dew" }, { "heTitle": "תפילת גשם לשמיני עצרת", "enTitle": "Prayer for Rain" }, { "heTitle": "מוסף לג' רגלים", "enTitle": "Yom Tov Musaf Amidah" }, { "heTitle": "סדר קידושא רבא לג' רגלים ולראש השנה", "enTitle": "Yom Tov Daytime Kiddush" }, { "heTitle": "תפילה כשנכנסים לסוכה", "enTitle": "Prayer Upon Entering Sukkah" } ] }, { "heTitle": "ניסן", "enTitle": "Nissan", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "פרשת הנשיאים", "enTitle": "The'Nasi' Readings" }, { "heTitle": "סדר בדיקת חמץ", "enTitle": "Search for Hametz" }, { "heTitle": "סדר שריפת חמץ", "enTitle": "Burning Hametz" }, { "heTitle": "סדר אמירת קרבן פסח", "enTitle": "Pesach Offering" }, { "heTitle": "אגרת רבינו שמשון מגיד מאוסטרופוליא", "enTitle": "Letter of Rav Shimshon of Ostropol" } ] }, { "heTitle": "הגדה של פסח", "enTitle": "Pesach Haggadah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "קדש", "enTitle": "Kadesh" }, { "heTitle": "ורחץ", "enTitle": "Urchatz" }, { "heTitle": "כרפס", "enTitle": "Karpas" }, { "heTitle": "יחץ", "enTitle": "Yachatz" }, { "heTitle": "מגיד", "enTitle": "Maggid" }, { "heTitle": "רחצה", "enTitle": "Rochtzoh" }, { "heTitle": "מוציא, מצה", "enTitle": "Motzi, Matzah" }, { "heTitle": "מרור", "enTitle": "Maror" }, { "heTitle": "כורך", "enTitle": "Korech" }, { "heTitle": "שלחן עורך", "enTitle": "Shulchan Orech" }, { "heTitle": "צפון", "enTitle": "Tzafun" }, { "heTitle": "ברך", "enTitle": "Barech" }, { "heTitle": "הלל", "enTitle": "Hallel" }, { "heTitle": "נרצה", "enTitle": "Nirtzah" }, { "heTitle": "שיר השירים", "enTitle": "Shir HaShirim" } ] }, { "heTitle": "סוכות", "enTitle": "Sukkot", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "סדר הושענות", "enTitle": "Order of Hoshanot" }, { "heTitle": "הושענות ליו\"ט ראשון ולחוה\"מ", "enTitle": "First Day & Chol HaMoed" }, { "heTitle": "הושענות לשבת", "enTitle": "Sabbath" }, { "heTitle": "הושענות להושענא רבא", "enTitle": "Hoshana Rabba" } ] }, { "heTitle": "שמחת תורה", "enTitle": "Simchat Torah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "הקפות לשמחת תורה", "enTitle": "Hakafot" }, { "heTitle": "סדר הקריאה לליל שמחת תורה", "enTitle": "Evening Torah Reading" } ] }, { "heTitle": "שבועות", "enTitle": "Shavuot" }, { "heTitle": "יוצרות", "enTitle": "Yotzerot", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "יוצר לפרשת שקלים", "enTitle": "Parashat Sekalim" }, { "heTitle": "מוסף לפרשת שקלים", "enTitle": "Musaf for Shekalim" }, { "heTitle": "יוצר לפרשת זכור", "enTitle": "Parashat Zachor" }, { "heTitle": "יוצר לפרשת פרה", "enTitle": "Parashat Parah" }, { "heTitle": "יוצר לפרשת החודש", "enTitle": "Parashat HaChodesh" }, { "heTitle": "מוסף לפרשת החודש", "enTitle": "Musaf for Hachodesh" }, { "heTitle": "יוצר לשבת הגדול", "enTitle": "Shabbat HaGadol" }, { "heTitle": "הגדה ש\"פ לשבת הגדול", "enTitle": "Haggadah for Shabbat Hagadol" } ] }, { "heTitle": "חנוכה", "enTitle": "Chanukah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "סדר הדלקת נרות חנוכה", "enTitle": "Menorah Lighting" }, { "heTitle": "קריאת התורה", "enTitle": "Torah Reading" }, { "heTitle": "זמר לשבת חנוכה", "enTitle": "Song for Shabbat Chanuka" } ] }, { "heTitle": "פורים", "enTitle": "Purim", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "פרשת זכור", "enTitle": "Parashat Zachor" }, { "heTitle": "קריאת המגילה", "enTitle": "Megillah Reading" }, { "heTitle": "סדר יום פורים", "enTitle": "Order of Purim Day" }, { "heTitle": "קרובץ לפורים", "enTitle": "Krovetz L'Purim" }, { "heTitle": "קריאת התורה לפורים", "enTitle": "Torah Reading" } ] }, { "heTitle": "תעניות ואבלות", "enTitle": "Fast Days", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "סדר יום כיפור קטן", "enTitle": "Yom Kippur Katan" }, { "heTitle": "סליחות לתעניות שני וחמישי ושני", "enTitle": "Selichot for BaHaB" }, { "heTitle": "סליחות לשני קמא", "enTitle": "Selichot for First Monday" }, { "heTitle": "סליחות לחמישי", "enTitle": "Selichot for Thursday" }, { "heTitle": "סליחות לשני בתרא", "enTitle": "Selichot for Concluding Monday" }, { "heTitle": "סליחות לעשרה בטבת", "enTitle": "Selichot for Asara B'Tevet" }, { "heTitle": "סליחות לתענית אסתר", "enTitle": "Selichot for Taanit Esther" }, { "heTitle": "סליחות לכ' סיון", "enTitle": "Selichot for 20 Sivan" }, { "heTitle": "אל מלא רחמים של כ' סיון", "enTitle": "El Maleh Prayer" }, { "heTitle": "סליחות לשבעה עשר בתמוז", "enTitle": "Selichot for 17 Tamuz" }, { "heTitle": "סליחות לתחלואי ילדים ר\"ל", "enTitle": "Selichot for Childrens' Illness" } ] }, { "heTitle": "סדר הקריאות", "enTitle": "Torah Readings", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "קריאות לשבת במנחה, ושני וחמישי", "enTitle": "Torah Reading for Shabbat Mincha & Monday, Thursday" }, { "heTitle": "קריאה בתורה לתענית ציבור", "enTitle": "Fast Day Torah Reading" }, { "heTitle": "הפטרה לתענית ציבור במנחה", "enTitle": "Fast Day Mincha Haftara" }, { "heTitle": "קריאה לראש חודש", "enTitle": "Torah Reading for Rosh Chodesh" }, { "heTitle": "קריאה לחוה\"מ פסח", "enTitle": "Torah Reading for Chol Hamoed Pesach" }, { "heTitle": "קריאה לחול המועד של סוכות", "enTitle": "Torah Reading for Chol Hamoed Sukkot" } ] }, { "heTitle": "סדר ברכת כהנים", "enTitle": "Priestly Blessing" }, { "heTitle": "תפילות וסגולות שונות", "enTitle": "Various Prayers & Segulot", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "לחש לעין הרע", "enTitle": "Formula Against Evil Eye" }, { "heTitle": "אגרת הרמב\"ן", "enTitle": "Letter of Ramban" }, { "heTitle": "תפילת השל\"ה הקדוש", "enTitle": "Prayer of the Shelah" }, { "heTitle": "פרשת המן שמו\"ת ליום שלישי פרשת בשלח", "enTitle": "Parashat Haman Reading for Tuesday Beshalach" }, { "heTitle": "תפילה על הפרנסה", "enTitle": "Prayer for Livelihood" }, { "heTitle": "תפילה נוראה וקדושה מרבנו תם זי\"ע", "enTitle": "Awesome Prayer of Rabbeinu Tam" } ] } ] } }