{ "language": "en", "title": "Weekday Siddur Sefard Linear", "versionSource": "https://www.nli.org.il/he/books/NNL_ALEPH002211687", "versionTitle": "The Metsudah siddur: a new linear siddur with English translation by Avrohom Davis, 1981", "status": "locked", "license": "CC-BY", "versionNotes": "", "shortVersionTitle": "Avrohom Davis, 1981", "purchaseInformationImage": "https://storage.googleapis.com/sefaria-physical-editions/ba5ccc298d802165067c5d514de2d332.png", "purchaseInformationURL": "https://www.israelbookshoppublications.com/store/pc/Metsudah-Weekday-Siddur-19p353.htm", "actualLanguage": "en", "languageFamilyName": "english", "isBaseText": false, "isSource": false, "direction": "ltr", "heTitle": "סידור ספרד לימות החול", "categories": [ "Liturgy", "Siddur" ], "text": { "The Morning Prayers": { "Upon Arising in the Morning": [ "Upon waking in the morning, even before washing your hands, say:", "I give thanks to You", "living and everlasting King", "for You have restored my soul with mercy.", "Great is Your faithfulness.", "After washing your hands, say:", "The beginning of wisdom is fear of Adonoy,", "good understanding", "to all who perform [His commandments],", "His praise endures forever.", "Blessed [is His] Name,", "Whose glorious kingdom", "is forever and ever.", "Before putting on your tallis katan say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe", "Who sanctified us with His commandments", "and commanded us", "concerning the mitzva of tzitzis (fringes).", "May it be Your will", "Adonoy, my God, and God of my fathers,", "to consider [my fulfillment of]", "the mitzva of tzitzis before You", "as though I had fulfilled it", "in every detail,", "accurately and with full intent,", "and the 6131The numerical value of the word צִיצִית is 600 which, with the 8 threads and 5 knots of the צִיצִית itself, makes 613, the exact number of the mitzvos of the Torah. This symbolizes the Talmudic statement (Maseches Nedarim 25a) that the wearing of tzitzis equals the observance of the whole Torah. commandments", "that depend on it.", "Amein, Selah." ], "Putting On the Tallis": [ "While examining the fringes of the tallis say:", "My soul, bless Adonoy,", "Adonoy, my God, You are greatly exalted.", "With beauty and splendor", "are You clothed", "enwrapped in light, garment-like;", "You spread out the heavens like a curtain.1Psalms 104:1,2.", "", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who sanctified us with(His commandments", "and commanded us", "to enwrap ourselves with tzitzis.", "Cover your head with the tallis and say:", "How precious is Your kindness, God;", "the children of men", "take refuge in the shadow of Your wings.", "They will be filled", "from the abundance of Your House,", "and from the stream of Your delights", "You will give them to drink.", "For with You is the source of life,", "in Your light shall we see light.", "Extend Your kindness", "to those who know You,", "and Your righteousness", "to the upright in heart.2Psalms 36:8-11." ], "Putting on the Tefillin": [ "", "Place the \"tefillin of the arm\" on the muscle of your left arm, and before tightening it, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who sanctified us with His commandments", "and commanded us to put on tefillin.", "Wrap the strap around your arm 7 times and then place the \"tefillin of the head\" on your head above the region between your eyes, and say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who sanctified us with His commandments,", "and commanded us", "concerning the mitzvoh of tefillin.", "Then say immediately:", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom", "is forever and ever.", "With the \"tefillin of the head\" in place, say:", "And from Your wisdom, most high Almighty,", "may You impart to me;", "and from Your understanding,", "give me understanding.", "With Your lovingkindness,", "do great things with me.", "With Your merit,", "cut off my enemies and opponents.", "Pour bountiful oil", "upon the seven branches of the menorah,", "in order to cause goodness", "to flow to Your creatures.", "Open Your hand", "and satisfy the desire of every living thing.", "When wrapping the strap around the middle finger of your left hand, say:", "And I will betrothe you to me forever;", "and I will betrothe you to me", "in righteousness,", "in justice, in kindliness, and in mercy.", "And I will betrothe you to me in faithfulness", "and you shall know Adonoy.1Hosea 2:21-22.", "The following chapters, found in Exodus 13:1-16, are recited while wearing the tefillin, since they make direct reference to the mitzvah of tefillin.", "Adonoy spoke to Moses, saying: \"Sanctify unto me all the firstborn whatsoever opens the womb among the Children of Israel, both of man and beast is Mine.\" And Moses said to the people: \"Remember this day on which you came out of Egypt, out of the house of bondage, for with a strong hand Adonoy brought you out from here, and [therefore] you must not eat chametz. This day you are departing, in the month of springtime. And it will be when Adonoy will bring you to the land of the Canaanites and the Hittites, and the Emorites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites, which He swore to your fathers to give you, a land flowing with milk and honey, you shall perform this service in this month. Seven days, you shall eat matzos, and on the seventh day there shall be a festival [dedicated] to Adonoy. Matzos shall be eaten during these seven days, and no chametz and no leaven shall be seen in your possession within all your boundaries. And you shall relate to your son on that day, saying: ‘Because of this Adonoy acted on my behalf when I came out of Egypt. And it shall be for a sign upon your arm2It is customary here, to touch the tefillin of the arm with the tallis or hand. Some then kiss the tallis or hand as an act of chivuv mitzvah, affection for the mitzvah. and for a reminder between your eyes3It is customary here, to touch the tefillin of the head. See previous note. so that Adonoy's teaching will be [the words of] your mouth; for with a strong hand Adonoy brought you out of Egypt. And you shall keep this ordinance in its appointed time from year to year.", "And it will be, when Adonoy will bring you to the land of the Canaanites as He swore unto you and to your fathers, and will have given it to you. Then you shall bring to Adonoy every one that opens the womb, and every firstling that is dropped by cattle that belong to you, the males shall belong to Adonoy, The firstling of a donkey you shall redeem with a lamb; and if you do not redeem it, then you must kill it by breaking its neck. You must redeem every firstborn of man among your children. And it will be when your son asks you in future times, saying: ‘What is this?' You shall say to him: ‘With a strong hand Adonoy brought us out of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. And it was when Pharaoh unyieldingly refused to let us go, that Adonoy killed all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of man, to the firstborn of beast; therefore I sacrifice to Adonoy all that opens the womb that are males, and every firstborn of my sons, I redeem.' And it shall be a sign upon your arm,4It is customary here, to touch the tefillin of the arm with the tallis or hand. Some then kiss the tallis or hand as an act of chivuv mitzvah, affection for the mitzvah. and for totafos between your eyes,5It is customary here, to touch the tefillin of the head. See previous note. for with a strong hand, Adonoy brought us out of Egypt." ], "Ma Tovu": [ "Before beginning the Morning Prayers you should say the following:", "I hereby accept upon myself", "the positive commandment", "to love my fellow Jew.", "The following verses from Scriptures are recited upon entering the synagogue, as though asking permission of God to enter and pray in His Holy place.", "How good are your tents, Jacob:", "your dwelling places, Israel.1Numbers 24:5. The Talmud (Maseches Sanhedrin 105a) relates that this verse contains Billam’s prophetic allusion to Jewish houses of study and worship.", "As for me, through Your abundant kindness", "I will enter Your House;", "I will prostrate myself", "toward Your Holy Sanctuary in awe of You.2Psalms 5:8.", "Adonoy, I love the Dwelling, Your House,", "and the place where Your glory resides.3Psalms 26:8.", "I will prostrate myself, and bow,", "I will kneel4These are three distinct degrees of worship, representing various levels of subjugation before God. before Adonoy, my Maker.", "May my prayer to You Adonoy", "be at a favorable time;", "God, in the abundance of Your kindness", "answer me", "with the truth of Your deliverance.5Psalms 69:14." ], "Adon Olam": [ "This hymn has been attributed to R' Shlomo ibn Gabirol who lived in Spain during the eleventh century. While praising God's omnipotence and providence, it clarifies the meaning of the name Adonoy so that before proceeding to pray, each worshiper understands the significance of the God he is addressing.", "Master of the Universe Who reigned", "before any creature was created.", "At the time when all was made by His will,", "then was His Name proclaimed King.", "And after all things shall cease to be", "the Awesome One will reign alone.", "He was, He is,", "and He shall be in glory.", "He is One, and there is no second", "to compare to Him, to associate [with Him].", "Without beginning, without end,", "power and dominion are His.", "He is my God and my ever-living Redeemer,", "the Rock of my destiny in times of distress.", "He is my flag1It is to Him that I rally and through Him that I am identified.—Etz Yosef and my refuge;", "He is the portion of my cup on the day I call.2He answers me.", "Into His hand I entrust my spirit", "[both] when I sleep and when I awaken.", "And with my spirit my body [too],", "Adonoy is with me, I shall not fear." ], "Yigdal": [ "This hymn, written by Daniel ben Yehuda, who was a Dayan in Rome about 1300, is based on Maimonides' 13 principles of Judaism. According to Maimonides, failure to believe in a single one of these principles places one outside the pale of Judaism.", "1) the existence of God", "Exalted is the living God, and praised", "He exists, and His existence transcends time.", "2) God is One", "He is One, and there is no unity like His,", "He is invisible, His unity is infinitive.", "3) God is uncorporeal", "He is unlike the corporeal", "or even the non-corporeal,1God can also not be compared to the angels.", "His holiness is beyond comparison.", "4) God is Eternal", "He preceded every being that was created,", "He was First,", "and there was no genesis to His beginning.", "5) God alone must be worshipped", "He is Master of the Universe to every creature,", "(all) proclaim His greatness and His majesty.", "6) Truth of Divine Prophecy", "The fullness of His prophecy, He bestowed", "on those He treasured,", "and in whom He gloried.", "7) Moses was the greatest of all prophets", "There never arose in Israel", "another like Moses,", "a prophet who beheld God's image.", "8) Divine revelation of the Torah", "The Torah of truth", "the Almighty gave to His people", "through His prophet,", "the trusted one of His house.", "9) The Torah is immutable", "The Almighty will not exchange", "nor alter His Law.", "Never will He offer any alternative.", "10) God knows the acts and thoughts of man", "He scrutinizes and knows our secrets.", "He beholds the end of a thing at its beginning.", "11) Divine reward and punishment", "He rewards man with kindness", "according to his deeds.", "He sends evil to the wicked", "according to his wickedness.2The word “deed” is not applied to the wicked man. Since Divine reward and punishment are distributed with kindness, reward is granted to man not only for his deed, which may itself be insignificant, but also for the long range effect of that deed. He is punished, however, only for his act of wickedness, not for the consequences of his deed.—Etz Yosef", "12) Belief in the coming of the Messiah", "He will send our Messiah at the end of days,", "to redeem all who await His final deliverance.", "13) Divine resurrection of the dead", "The Almighty will revive the dead", "because of His abundant kindness:", "Blessed forever is His praised Name." ], "Blessings Upon Arising": [ "Blessed1The word “blessed” is similar in concept to the words: “merciful” or “gracious” when applied to God. Just as merciful means that He is merciful, the source of mercy; so too, blessed means that He is the source of blessing.—Avudraham are You, Adonoy2Generally speaking, the name Adonoy is understood as it is pronounced—Adonoy—my Master, and indicates His rule and providence of the universe. When reciting the Shema however, one should bear in mind the written character of the Name which indicates God’s everpresent existence. He was—is—and ever will be.—Vilna Gaon", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who sanctified us with His commandments", "and commanded us", "concerning the washing of hands.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who formed man with wisdom3This may mean either that man was formed by God’s wisdom, or that God formed man and endowed him with wisdom.", "and created within him openings", "and hollows.", "It is obvious and known", "in the presence of Your glorious throne4In refutation of those who claim that God is not concerned with earthly matters, we declare that even in the presence of His glorious throne, where He is surrounded by myriads of angels, He is aware of the mundane needs of each individual.—Vilna Gaon", "that if one of them were ruptured,", "or if one of them were blocked,", "it would be impossible to exist", "and stand in Your Presence", "even for a short while.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who heals all flesh", "and performs wonders.", "My God!", "the soul which You bestowed in me is pure;", "You created it, You formed it,", "You breathed it into me", "and You preserve it within me.", "You will eventually take it from me,", "and restore it in me in the time to come.5This statement refers to the time when the dead will be resurrected.", "So long as the soul is within me", "I give thanks to You, Adonoy my God,6Thus it is said, “I will praise Adonoy with my life, I will sing to my God with my being” (Psalms 146:2).", "and God of my fathers,", "Lord of all creatures,", "Master of all souls.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who restores souls", "to dead bodies.7This is a reference to God’s restoring of the soul each morning following its departure while the person sleeps." ], "Blessings of the Torah": [ "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who sanctified1The observance and fulfillment of His commandments makes a person holy. us with His commandments", "and commanded us", "to be engrossed in the words of Torah.", "Adonoy our God, please make pleasant", "the words of Your Torah in our mouths", "and in the mouths of Your people Israel.", "And may we and our descendants", "and the descendants of Your people", "the House of Israel,", "all be perceivers of Your Name", "and students of Your Torah for its own sake.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "Who teaches Torah to His people, Israel.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe", "Who chose us from among all the peoples2An allusion to God’s declaration, “And you will be a treasure unto me from among all people” (Exodus 19:6) which preceded the giving of the Torah at Sinai.—Vilna Gaon", "and gave us His Torah.3An allusion to the actual giving of the Torah at Sinai.—Vilna Gaon", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Giver of the Torah!", "And Adonoy spoke to Moses, saying,", "Speak to Aaron and to his sons, saying,", "thus shall you bless the Children of Israel,", "say to them:", "May Adonoy bless you and guard you.", "May Adonoy shine", "His countenance upon you", "and be gracious unto you.", "May Adonoy turn", "His countenance toward you", "and grant you peace.4Numbers 6:24.", "And they shall set My Name", "upon the Children of Israel,", "and I shall bless them.", "These are precepts5Mishnah, Peah 1:1: Talmud Maseches Shabbos 127a.", "for which no fixed measure is prescribed:", "[leaving] the corner [of a field unharvested],6The unharvested produce was left for the poor; Leviticus 19:9.", "[the offering of] the first fruits,7Exodus 23:9.", "the appearance-offering,8These offerings were brought when a Jew “appeared” before God in the Temple on the three Pilgrimage festivals—Pesach, Shavuos and Sukkos—Exodus 23:14-17, Deuteronomy 16:16-17.", "[performing] deeds of kindness,", "and the study of Torah.", "These are precepts,", "the fruits of which man enjoys", "in this world,", "[while] the principal [reward]", "is preserved for him in the World-to-Come.", "They are:", "honoring father and mother,", "[performing] deeds of kindness,", "early attendance in the House of Study", "morning and evening,", "providing hospitality to guests,", "visiting the sick,", "participating in making a wedding,", "accompanying the dead [to the grave],", "concentrating on the meaning of prayers,", "making peace between fellow men", "and between husband and wife—", "and the study of Torah is equal to them all." ], "Morning Blessings": [ "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who gives the rooster understanding", "to distinguish between day and night.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who did not make me a gentile.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who did not make me a slave.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who did not make me a woman.1There is no degradation of women implied in this blessing. Men thank God for the privilege, which is theirs, of performing all the precepts of the Torah, many of which are not incumbent upon women.", "A woman says:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who made me according to His will.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who gives sight to the blind.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who clothes the naked.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who releases the imprisoned.2He releases the prisoners of misfortune, passion, sin, hatred and jealousy.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who straightens the bent.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who spreads the earth above the waters.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who prepares the steps of man.", "On Tishah B'Av and on Yom Kippur this berachah is omitted.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who provided me with all my needs.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who girds Israel with might.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who crowns Israel with glory.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who gives strength to the weary.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who removes sleep from my eyes", "and slumber from my eyelids.", "And may it be Your will", "Adonoy, our God", "And God of our fathers,", "to make us study Torah regularly,", "and hold fast to Your commandments.", "Do not bring us", "into the grasp of sin,3To sin unknowingly.", "nor into the grasp of", "transgression or iniquity.4To sin willfully.", "Do not cause us to be tested,5We pray that God will not put us to tests that are too difficult to withstand.", "or brought to disgrace.6Should we fail the tests, we will be disgraced.", "Let us not be ruled over", "by the Evil Inclination.", "Keep us far from an evil person,", "and from an evil companion.", "Make us hold fast to the Good Inclination,", "and to good deeds,", "and compel our Evil Inclination", "to be subservient to You.", "Grant us this day and every day", "favor,7“Favor” means receiving God’s blessings because of our merit.—Siach Yitzchok kindness,8“Kindness” is God’s benevolence bestowed purely by His will, regardless of merit.—Siach Yitzchok and compassion9“Compassion” describes God’s withholding of deserved punishment.—Siach Yitzchok", "in Your eyes", "and in the eyes of all who see us,", "and bestow bountiful kindness upon us,", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who bestows bountiful kindness", "upon His people Israel.", "May it be Your will,", "Adonoy, my God", "and God of my fathers,", "to save me today and every day", "from arrogant men and from arrogance;", "from an evil man, from an evil companion,", "from an evil neighbor;", "from an evil mishap", "from an evil eye,", "from a malicious tongue, from slander,", "from false testimony, from hatred", "from scandal, from unnatural death,", "from harsh disease, and from misfortune,", "and from the destructive Satan;", "from a difficult judgment", "and a difficult opponent,", "whether he is a fellow Jew", "or not a fellow Jew", "and from the retribution of Gehinnom." ], "Akeidah (The Binding of Isaac)": [ "Our God and God of our fathers,", "remember us favorably before You", "and be mindful of us for", "deliverance and compassion", "from the eternal high heavens.", "Remember in our behalf, Adonoy, our God:", "the love of our ancestors,", "Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, Your servants;", "the covenant, the kindness,", "and the oath which You swore", "to our father Abraham on Mount Moriah,", "and the binding", "of Isaac, his son", "on the altar,", "as it is written in Your Torah.1Genesis 22:1-19.", "After these events,2These events refer to the previous nine tests by which God tested Abraham. This was to be the tenth and the most difficult test of all.—Ha’amek Dovor", "God tested Abraham", "and said to him, \"Abraham!\"", "and he [Abraham] said, \"Here I am.\"", "He said, \"Please, take your son,", "your only one,3Isaac was Abraham’s only son by Sarah.", "whom you love—Isaac—", "and go to the land of Moriah,", "and bring him up as a burnt-offering", "on one of the mountains", "which I will designate to you.", "Abraham awoke early in the morning,", "saddled his donkey,", "and took his two attendants4Ishmael and Eliezer.—Rashi with him,", "and also his son Isaac.", "He split the wood of the burnt-offering,", "and rose up, and went to the place", "that God had designated to him.", "On the third day,", "Abraham lifted his eyes", "and saw the place from afar.", "Abraham said to his attendants,", "You stay here with the donkey,", "and I and the boy will go to that place.", "We will prostrate ourselves [in worship]", "and return5Abraham unwittingly prophesied that both of them would return.—Rashi to you.\"", "And Abraham took", "the wood of the burnt-offering", "and placed it on his son Isaac.", "In his hand he took", "the fire and the knife,6The Hebrew word is ma’acheles (root: אכל = to eat) which means that it renders meat fit for eating through slaughtering the animal. Another interpretation is: his knife is called ma’acheles because we still enjoy (eat) the reward of Abraham’s virtue when he agreed to use it to slaughter his son.—Rashi", "and they both went together.", "Isaac spoke to Abraham his father", "and said, \"Father,\"", "and he said, \"Here I am my son.\"", "He said, \"Here are the fire and the wood,", "but where is the lamb for the burnt-offering?\"", "Abraham said,", "God Himself will show the lamb", "for a burnt offering, my son.\"", "And the two of them went together.7Although Isaac understood that he was going to be slaughtered, “They went together”—with like hearts.—Rashi", "They came to the place", "that God had designated to him,", "and Abraham built the8The Torah says that he built “the” altar not just “an” altar, to indicate that Abraham rebuilt the same altar which was originally built by Adam and used by Cain, Abel and by Noah.—Targum Yonoson ben Uziel altar there,", "and arranged the wood,", "and bound his son Isaac,", "and placed him on the altar,", "on top of the wood.", "Abraham reached out his hand", "and took the knife", "to slaughter his son.", "An angel of Adonoy called to him", "from heaven", "and said, \"Abraham! Abraham!\"", "and he said, \"Here I am.\"", "He [God] said,", "Do not harm the boy,", "nor do anything to him;", "for now I know", "that you are one who fears God", "and have not withheld your son,", "your only one, from Me.\"", "Abraham raised his eyes", "and beheld a ram9Tradition tells us that this ram was prepared for this purpose from the time of creation. Rashi (in Maseches Avos 5:6)", "after it had been caught in the thicket", "by its horns;", "and Abraham went and took the ram,", "and brought it up as a burnt-offering", "instead of his son.", "Abraham called", "the name of that place,", "Adonoy will see;10The Midrash interprets the following: “God will see the binding of Isaac and through its merit He will pardon Israel every year and rescue them from trouble. It will thus be said, “On this day,” by all generations that the ashes of Isaac are seen by God and serve as our atonement.—Rashi", "as it is said [to] this day", "On Adonoy's mountain, He will be seen.", "An angel of Adonoy called to Abraham", "a second time from heaven, and said,", "‘I have sworn by Myself,' declares Adonoy,", "‘that because you performed", "this deed,", "and did not withhold", "your only son,", "I will greatly bless you", "and make your descendants as numerous1111 If these blessings were intended to increase the population of Abraham’s descendants, it was superfluous, since God had previously blessed him for that purpose. God here blessed the descendants of Abraham with the nobility of spirit and courage to fulfill the command to sanctify God even when self-sacrifice is required. Only the nation of Israel, Abraham’s children, were commanded to fulfill this mitzvoh, because of the legacy we inherited from him.—Ha’amek Dovor.", "as the stars of the sky", "and like the sand on the seashore,", "and your descendants will inherit", "the gate of their enemies.", "Through your children, will be blessed", "all the nations of the world,", "because you heeded My voice.'\"", "Abraham returned to his attendants,", "and they rose and went together", "to Beer Sheva,", "and Abraham dwelt in Beer Sheva.", "On a day when Tachanun is not said, the following paragraph is omitted.", "Master of the Universe!", "just as our father, Abraham suppressed", "his compassion", "to do Your will with his whole heart,", "so may your compassion suppress", "your anger against us;", "and may your compassion prevail", "over your [other] attributes.12This refers to God’s attribute of stern justice.", "Act with us Adonoy, our God,", "kindly and with compassion.", "In your great goodness", "turn away your fierce anger", "from your people, and from your city,", "from your land", "and from your territorial heritage.", "Fulfill for us, Adonoy, our God,", "the promise you made in your Torah,", "through your servant, Moses,", "as it says,", "I will recall my covenant with Jacob,", "also my covenant with Isaac,", "and also my covenant with Abraham", "will I recall;", "and I will recall the land.13Leviticus 26:42.", "And it is said: \"And even then", "when they are in the land of their enemies", "I will not abhor them", "nor sparn them to destroy them—", "to annul my covenant with them;", "for I am Adonoy, their God.\"14Leviticus 26:44.", "And it is said:", "And I will recall for them", "the covenant with their ancestors", "whom I took out", "from the land of Egypt", "before the eyes of the nations,", "to be their God, I am Adonoy.15Leviticus 26:45.", "And it is said:", "\"And Adonoy, Your God, will return", "your exiles and have compassion upon you,", "and will again gather you", "from [among] all the nations", "where Adonoy, your God, has scattered you.", "Even if your dispersed", "will be scattered to the ends of the world,", "from there", "Adonoy, your God, will gather you,", "and from there He will fetch you.", "And it is said:", "And Adonoy, your God will bring you", "into the land your forefathers inherited.", "And you will inherit it;", "And He will do good to you", "and multiply you", "more than your forefathers.16Deuteronomy 30:3-5.", "And it is said by Your prophets:", "Adonoy, be gracious to us,", "[for] we put our hope in You;", "be their strength every morning;", "also our deliverance in time of distress.17Isaiah 33:2.", "And it is said:", "It is a time of trouble for Jacob,", "but he will be delivered from it18Jeremiah 30:6.", "And it is said:", "In all their affliction, He is afflicted,", "and the angel of His Presence delivered them;", "in His love and in His pity,", "He redeemed them,", "and bore them and carried them forever.19Isaiah 63:9.", "and it is said:", "Who is an Almighty like You,", "forbearer of iniquity", "and forgiver of transgression", "for the remnant of his heritage?", "He does not maintain His wrath forever,", "for He desires to do kindness.", "He will again show us compassion,", "He will suppress our iniquities;", "And you will cast into the depths of the sea", "all their sins.", "You will grant truth to Jacob,", "kindliness to Abraham", "as You swore to our fathers", "from the days of old.20Micah 7:18-20.", "And it is said:", "And I will bring them to My holy moutain;", "and make them joyful in My House of Prayer;", "their burnt-offerings and sacrifices", "will be accepted with favor on My Altar,", "for My House", "will be called a House of Prayer", "for all peoples.21Isaiah 56:7." ], "Morning Supplications": [ "A person should always be in fear of God,", "privately as well as openly,1Some people conduct themselves in a God-fearing manner in the presence of others (in public), but in the privacy of their homes, do whatever they please. There are others who do just the opposite. In private they are governed by fear of God, but in the presence of others they are too embarrassed or intimidated to be God-fearing. A Jew must always fear God, in private as well as in public.—Siach Yitzchok", "[he should] admit the truth,2Acknowledging the truth is fundamental to serving God, and to all human behavior. One who is concerned merely with “winning the argument” will go to any extreme to come out on top. This attitude caused the downfall of the 250 leaders who joined Korach, rather than acknowledge the truth of Moses’ declaration (Numbers 16:2-35).—Siach Yitzchok", "and speak truth in his heart,3It is not sufficient to merely acknowledge the truth verbally but one must speak truth in his heart as well. Rashi on the Talmud (Maseches Makos 24a) cites the following incident as an example of how one should speak truth in his heart: A buyer once offered to purchase an article from Rav Safra while he was reciting the Shema. Because he could not indicate his acceptance, the anxious purchaser increased his offer. Rav Safra refused the increment because in his heart he had already accepted the original offer.", "and rise early and proclaim:", "Lord of all the worlds", "and Master of masters!", "Not on account of our righteousness", "do we offer our supplications before You,", "but on account of Your abundant mercy.", "What are we? What is our life?", "What are our acts of kindness?", "What is our righteousness?", "What is our deliverance?4Of ourselves or others.", "What is our strength? What is our might?", "What can we say before You,", "Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers?", "Are not all the mighty men", "as nothing before You?", "Famous men as though they had never been?", "The wise as if they were without knowledge?", "And men of understanding,", "as if they were devoid of intelligence?", "For most of their actions are a waste,5In terms of achievement.—Dover Sholom", "and the days of their life", "are trivial6In terms of time.—Dover Sholom in Your presence.", "The superiority of man over the beast", "is nil,", "for all is futile.", "Except the pure soul", "which is destined to give an accounting", "before the Throne of Your Glory.", "All the nations are as nothing before you,", "as it is written:", "The nations are as a drop of a bucket—", "no more than dust upon the scales", "are they considered!", "Behold, the isles are like the flying dust.7Isaiah 40:15.", "However, we are Your people,", "children of Your covenant,", "children of Abraham, Your beloved,8Others translate, “Children of Abraham who loved You.” See commentaries on Isaiah 41:8.", "to whom You swore on Mount Moriah;", "the seed of Isaac, his only son,", "who was bound on top of the altar;", "the community of Jacob, Your firstborn,", "[whom]—because of Your love for him", "and Your joyous delight in him—", "You named him Yisrael9The name Israel symbolizes Jacob’s wandering through history proclaiming the sovereignty of God, while the name Yeshurun indicates his task to fulfill God’s will as revealed to him, and to devote his life to the execution of that which is right in the eyes of God.—S.R. Hirsch", "and Yeshurun.10Deuteronomy 33:5.", "Therefore, we are obligated", "to thank You,", "to praise You, and to glorify You;", "to bless, to sanctify,", "and to offer praise and thanks to Your Name.", "We are fortunate! How good is our portion!", "How pleasant is our destiny!", "How beautiful is our heritage!", "We are fortunate", "we who rise early and stay late", "in synagogues and houses of study,", "and unify Your Name each day—always", "and lovingly say twice:", "\"Hear Israel, Adonoy is our God,", "Adonoy is One.\"", "The following three lines are to be said silently", "Blessed [is His] Name,", "Whose glorious kingdom", "is forever and ever.", "And you shall love Adonoy your God11Deuteronomy 6:4-9.", "with all your heart", "and with all your soul", "and with all your possessions.", "And these words", "which I command you today,", "shall be upon your heart.", "And you shall teach them sharply", "to your children.", "And you shall discuss them", "when you sit in your house,", "and when you travel on the road,", "and when you lie down and when you rise.", "And you shall bind them for a sign", "upon your hand,", "and they shall be for totafos", "between your eyes.", "And you shall write them", "upon the doorposts of your house", "and upon your gateways.", "You existed", "before the world was created.", "You exist [in the same way]", "now that the world has been created.", "You exist in this world,", "and You will exist in the World-to-Come.", "Sanctify Your Name", "upon those who hallow Your Name,", "and sanctify Your Name in Your world.", "And through Your deliverance", "You will be exalted12According to other versions, the text is translated, “You will be exalted,” since the Hebrew reads תָּרוּם.", "and You will uplift our power,", "and deliver us speedily", "for the sake of Your Name.", "Blessed is He who sanctifies His Name", "among the multitudes.", "You are Adonoy, our God,", "in heaven and on earth,", "and in the highest heavens.", "In truth, You are First,13We refer to God as “First” to preclude the notion that anything existed before Him, but not to assert that He has a beginning.—Kuzari", "and You are Last.14Similarly, “Last” is used only to repudiate the idea that there is an end to His existence, not to fix a term for Him.—Kuzari", "And besides You there is no God.", "Gather the scattered who hope in You", "from the four corners of the earth.", "Let all mankind recognize and know", "that You alone are the God15Elohim is a descriptive term which signifies God as ruler or judge.—Kuzari", "over all the kingdoms of the earth.", "You made the heavens,", "the earth,", "the sea, and all that is in them.", "Who is there among all Your handiwork,", "among the heavenly or earthly creatures,", "that can say to You, \"What are You doing?\"", "and what are you making", "Our father in Heaven, living and eternal [One]", "deal graciously and kindly with us", "for the sake of your great name", "[which is] mighty and awesome", "which is called upon us16The Jewish people are called “God’s People” and their name Israel, ׳שר-אל—officers of God, includes God’s Name.", "and fulfill for us, Adonoy, our God", "that which is written:", "the promise you made to us", "through Zephaniah, your prophet", "as it is said:", "‘At that time, I will bring you in", "and at that time, I will gather you:", "for I will make you renowned and praised", "among all the peoples of the earth,", "when I bring back your captivity", "before your eyes,' said Adonoy.17Zephanyah 3:20." ], "Korbanos (Sacrificial Offerings)": [ "The Talmud (Maseches Menachos 110a) states: Rabbi Isaac asked, \"Why does it say (Leviticus 6:18; 7:1) This is the law of the sin-offering, this is the law of the guilt-offering? To teach us that when one studies the law of the sin-offering, it is considered as though he had actually brought it on the Altar, and when one studies the law of the guilt-offering, it is as though he actually brought it on the Altar.\"", "Rather than merely recite the following portions, study them and attempt to learn about the laws and significance of the various sacrifices.", "Exodus 30:17-21", "And Adonoy spoke to Moses to say:", "Make a copper laver", "and a copper base, for washing;", "and place it", "between the Tent of Meeting and the Altar,", "and put water in it.", "Aaron and his sons will wash from it,", "their hands and their feet.1His right hand was held above his right foot, the left hand above the left foot and all were washed simultaneously.—Maseches Zevachim 59", "Upon entering the Tent of Meeting", "they will wash with water that they not die,", "or whenever they approach the Altar", "to serve, to burn a fire-offering to Adonoy.", "They will wash their hands and feet", "that they not die;", "and this is for them a perpetual statute", "for him [Aaron], and his descendants", "for all their generations.", "The following Scripture section describes the removal of the ashes which had accumulated on the Altar from the daily burnt-offering of the previous afternoon. This removal was performed prior to the daily morning burnt-offering. The passage below also describes the ritual of maintaining the wood pyres which were always burning on the Altar.", "Leviticus 6:1", "And Adonoy spoke to Moses to say:", "Command Aaron and his sons to say,", "this is the law of the burnt-offering.", "This is the burnt-offering", "[which must remain] on its pyre,", "upon the Altar all night,", "until morning,", "and the fire of the Altar", "will be kept burning on it.", "The Kohein will don his linen garment,", "and linen breeches upon his flesh,", "and he will remove the ashes", "when the fire consumes", "the burnt-offering on the Altar;", "and he will place them beside the Altar.", "He will remove his garments", "and don other garments,", "and carry the ashes", "outside the camp", "to an undefiled place.", "The fire upon the altar will be kept burning,", "it may not be extinguished.", "And the Kohein will burn wood on it", "every morning,", "and arrange on it the burnt-offering,", "and burn on it the fats of the peace-offerings.", "A constant fire", "will be kept burning on the Altar,", "it may not be extinguished." ], "Korban Tamid (Daily Offering)": [ "The Tamid-offerings, two daily offerings of one lamb at a time, were offered once in the morning and once in the afternoon. The former was the first public-offering brought on the Altar each day. And the latter terminated the day's offerings. These animals were purchased from the annual half-shekel gifts of the people and were offered on behalf of the entire Jewish People. Before reading this passage we offer a brief prayer.", "Some do not say the following prayer on Sabbath and Yom Tov.", "May it be Your will,", "Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers,", "to have compassion on us,", "to forgive us all our sins, [done unknowingly],", "to atone all our iniquities, [done knowingly],", "to pardon all our [malicious] transgressions,", "and may You build the Holy Temple", "quickly, in our days,", "that we may offer, before You,", "the daily burnt-offering to atone for us,", "as You wrote for us in Your Torah", "by the hand of Moses, Your servant,", "from the mouth of Your Reverence,", "as it is said:", "Numbers 28:1-8", "And Adonoy spoke to Moses to say:", "Command the Children of Israel,1Kohanim, Levites and Israelites were to be present at the offering of the two daily public burnt-offerings. The Sages instituted the program of Ma’amodos, under which representatives of all 12 tribes were always present when these sacrifices were offered. These representatives were rotated each week.", "and say to them:", "My offering, My food,", "to be consumed by My fires,", "a pleasing odor to Me,", "You shall be diligent to bring unto Me,", "at its fixed time.", "And you will say to them:", "This is the fire-offering", "that you will bring unto Adonoy:", "[male] lambs, in their first year,", "without blemish,", "two [of them] each day,", "as a constant burnt-offering.", "Offer one lamb in the morning,", "and the second lamb,", "offer in the afternoon.", "And a tenth of an ephah2One-tenth of an ephah is the equivalent of 43-⅕ eggs. of fine flour", "as a meal-offering,", "mixed with oil of crushed [olives]", "measuring one-fourth of a hin.3The hin is a liquid measure containing 12 logs, of which each log is approximately 6 eggs.", "[This is] a constant burnt-offering", "as offered at Mount Sinai", "for a pleasing odor, a fire-offering to Adonoy.", "And its libation will be", "a fourth of a hin for the one lamb;", "in the Holy4On the Altar. [Sanctuary] you will pour out", "a drink-offering of strong wine to Adonoy.", "And the second lamb", "you will offer in the afternoon;", "as the meal-offering of the morning", "[together] with its libation, you shall offer", "a fire-offering of pleasing odor to Adonoy.", "Leviticus 1:11", "And he will slaughter it", "on the north side of the Altar,", "before Adonoy;", "and Aaron's sons, the Kohanim, will sprinkle", "its blood all around the Altar.", "Some do not say the following prayer on Sabbath and Yom Tov.", "May it be Your will,", "Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers,", "that this recitation be", "important, acceptable", "and desirable before You,", "as if we sacrificed", "the daily burnt-offering", "at its proper time,", "in its proper place", "and according to its laws.", "You are Adonoy, our God,", "before Whom our fathers burned", "the incense of spices", "when the Holy Temple was standing,", "as You commanded them", "by the hand of Moses Your prophet,", "as it is written in Your Torah:" ], "Ketores (Incense Offering)": [ "Exodus 30:34-36", "And Adonoy said to Moses,", "Take for yourself spices—", "stacte, onycha, and galbanum—1Galbanum has an offensive odor. The Torah includes it among the other spices to teach us to include even Jewish sinners among the rest of Jewry at our assemblies of fasting and prayers.—Rashi", "spices, and pure frankincense,", "[they] shall be in equal weights.", "You will make it into incense,", "a compound mixed by a compounder,", "salted,2The Hebrew word, memulach is rendered by Onkelos as mixed, to indicate that the spices should be well mixed together.—Rashi undefiled, and holy.", "You will pulverize some of it very fine,", "and place it before the [Ark of] Testimony3This incense was offered each day upon the Innermost Altar which is inside the Tent of Meeting.—Rashi", "in the Tent of Meeting,", "where I will meet with you;", "it will be to you holy of holies.\"", "It is also written:", "Exodus 30:7-8", "And Aaron shall burn upon it [the Altar]", "incense of spices every morning;", "when he cleans the lamps", "he will burn it.", "And when Aaron lights the lamps", "in the afternoon,", "he will burn it;", "a constant incense-offering before Adonoy", "throughout your generations.", "Maseches Kreisos 6a; Jerusalem Talmud, Maseches Yoma 4:5", "The Rabbis taught:", "How was the incense compounded?", "Three hundred and sixty-eight", "manim4A maneh is a weight; plural, manim. were comprised therein,", "three hundred and sixty-five", "corresponding to", "the number of days in the solar year,", "one maneh for each day—", "half in the morning", "and half in the afternoon.", "From the three remaining manim", "the Kohein Gadol brought", "two handfuls [into the Holy of Holies]", "on Yom Kippur;", "[for which purpose] they were put back", "into the mortar", "on the eve of Yom Kippur,", "and ground [again] very thoroughly,", "in order to make them very fine.", "Eleven kinds of spices were used for it.", "They were:", "1) balm, 2) onycha,", "3) galbanum, 4) frankincense—", "by weight, seventy maneh of each;", "5) myrrh, 6) cassia,", "7) spikenard and 8) saffron—", "in weight", "sixteen maneh of each;", "9) twelve maneh of costus,", "10) three of aromatic bark,", "and 11) nine of cinnamon.", "[Also used in the incense compound were:] Nine kabin5A kab is a sixth of a se’ah. of Carshina lye,", "Cyprus wine [measuring]", "three s'in and three kabin—", "if he had no Cyprus wine,", "he could use strong white wine—", "a fourth of a kab of Sodom salt,", "and a minute quantity of maaleh ashan.6This herb causes the smoke of the burning incense to ascend in a straight line.", "Rabbi Nosson of Babylonia says,", "Jordan amber was added", "of a minute quantity,", "and if one added honey,7Included are various sweeteners such as dates and other fruits.", "it (the incense) became unfit;", "and if one omitted8The same is true if one were to add to the prescribed number of eleven spices.—Etz Yosef any of its spices", "he was liable to the death penalty.\"9The death penalty was given only if the Kohein Gadol actually entered the Holy of Holies with incense which was unfit. This was considered as an unwarranted entry into the Holy of Holies which carried the death decree.—Rashi", "Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel says:", "The balm is nothing but sap", "which drips from the balsam tree.", "the lye of Carshina was used", "for rubbing the onycha", "in order to refine its appearance.", "The Cyprus wine was used", "to soak the onycha", "to give it a pungent odor.", "Though the water of Raglayim1010 This water came from a well named Raglayim.—Kol Bo", "was well suited for that purpose,", "they did not bring", "the water of Raglayim into the Temple", "because it would be disrespectful.11Since Mei Raglayim (lit., water from the feet) is a euphemism for urine, it would have been disrespectful to use this water in the Temple. Others hold that the term “waters of Raglayim” actually refers to urine, which could have been used as a soaking agent were it not indecent to bring it into a sacred place.—Kol Bo", "It was taught in a Boraysa:", "Rabbi Nosson says,", "While [the Kohein] ground [the incense]", "he would say,", "‘Hodeik heiteiv, heiteiv hodeik,'", "because the sound12Some suggest that the sound of these specific words affects the spices. is good for the spices.", "If half13184 manim instead of 368. the quantity of incense was prepared", "it was acceptable,", "but if only a third", "or a fourth [of it was prepared]", "we have not heard14I.e., we did not hear our teachers expound this question. [whether it was acceptable.\"]", "Rabbi Yehuda said,", "This is the general rule:", "If [it was prepared with all its ingredients]", "in the correct proportion,", "it is acceptable", "even if only half was prepared;", "but if he left out any of its spices,", "he was liable for the death penalty.", "It was taught in a Boraysa:", "Bar Kappara says,", "Once in sixty or seventy years15The exact number of years varied with the size of the hands of the High Priests over the years, for the surplus was what remained of these three manim from which he took two handfuls each Yom Kippur.", "the accumulated surplus was sufficient", "to provide half [the yearly quantity of incense.\"]", "Bar Kappara also taught,", "If he would have put into it", "a minute quantity of honey,", "no one could have withstood [resisted]", "the scent.", "Why was no honey mixed with it?", "Because the Torah says, (Leviticus 2:11)", "For any leaven or honey,", "do not burn from them,", "[as] a fire-offering to Adonoy.", "Recite each of these verses three times:", "Adonoy of Hosts is with us,", "a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob, Selah!", "Adonoy of Hosts,", "fortunate is the man who trusts in You.", "Adonoy, deliver [us]!", "The King will answer us on the day we call.", "You are my shelter;", "from distress You preserve me;", "with glad song of rescue, You envelop me,", "Selah!", "Let Adonoy be pleased", "with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem,", "as in the days of old and in earlier years.", "Abbaye listed", "the order of the [daily] Altar service", "based on tradition,", "and according to the opinion of Abba Shaul:", "the [arranging on the Altar of the] great Pyre16This is the Altar upon which the daily and other offerings were burned. This pyre was on the east side of the Altar.—Derech Chayim", "precedes the second pyre", "[from which live coals are taken] for the incense-offering;", "the second pyre of the incense-offering", "[is arranged] before", "the placement of two logs [on the large pyre17Each of these logs measured a square cubit. They were laid on to assure a sufficiently large fire.—Derech Chayim]", "the placement of the two logs precedes", "the removal of the ashes from the inner Altar;", "the removal of the ashes from the inner Altar", "precedes", "the cleaning of five lamps [of the Menorah];18These were the five westernmost lamps of the Menorah.—Derech Chayim", "the cleaning of the five lamps precedes", "[sprinkling] the blood of the daily-offering;", "the blood of the daily-offering precedes", "the cleaning of the [remaining] two lamps;", "the cleaning of the two lamps precedes", "the incense-offering;", "the incense-offering precedes", "[burning] the limbs [of the daily-offering];", "burning the limbs", "[precedes] the meal-offering;19A meal-offering accompanied each daily burnt-offering.", "the meal-offering [precedes]", "the baking-pan-offering;20These were daily-offerings that were incumbent upon the Kohein Gadol. Half the offering was brought in the morning and the other half in the afternoon.", "the baking-pan-offerings [precede]", "the wine libations;", "the wine-libations [precede]", "the Mussaf-offering;21Musaf offerings were brought on Shabbos, Rosh Chodesh, and on Festivals when work is totally forbidden.", "the Mussaf-offering [precedes]", "the two bowls of frankincense;22Two bowls of frankincense were placed near the shewbreads every Shabbos.", "and the two bowls of frankincense precede", "the daily afternoon-offering,", "for it is said, (Leviticus 6:5)", "And [the Kohein] shall arrange on it", "the burnt-offering,", "and burn on it the fat of the peace-offerings.", "Therewith complete23The Hebrew word shelamim is here interpreted to indicate completion (from the root sholam).—Rashi, Maseches Yoma 33a", "all the offerings [of the day.]", "The following is the prayer of Rabbi Nechunya ben Hakanah:", "Please, by the force of Your great right hand,", "release the bound one.", "Accept the prayer of Your people;", "strengthen us, purify us, Awesome One!", "Please! Mighty One,", "those who seek Your Unity,", "preserve them like the pupil [of Your eye].", "Bless them, purify them,", "have compassion on them;", "Your benevolent righteousness", "[may You] always bestow upon them.", "Mighty, Holy One,", "in Your abundant goodness,", "lead Your community.", "Unique One, Exalted, turn to Your people", "who are mindful of Your holiness.", "Accept our prayer and hear our cry,", "[You] Who knows hidden thoughts.", "Blessed [is His] Name,", "Whose glorious kingdom", "is forever and ever.", "Master of the Worlds, You commanded us", "to bring the Daily offering", "at its appointed time;", "and have the Kohanim perform their service,", "and the Levites", "[sing and play music] on the platform,", "and the Israelites", "[attend] at their Ma'amad.24All of Israel was divided into twenty-four divisions. Representatives of each division—in rotation—spent one week at a time in Jerusalem in attendance upon the services of the daily offerings, which were offered on behalf of all Jewry. Each such group, or maamad, represented all the Israelites at the services.", "And now, because of our sins,", "the Holy Temple is destroyed,", "and the Daily offering discontinued;", "we have neither a Kohein at his service,", "nor a Levite on his platform,", "nor an Israelite at his Ma'amad.", "Therefore let it be Your will", "Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers,", "that the prayer of our lips", "be considered, and accepted", "and regarded favorably before You,", "as if we had offered the Daily offering", "at its appointed time,", "and stood in attendance at its service,", "as it has been said,25Hosea 14:3.", "Let the offering of our lips replace bullocks.", "And it is said,", "And he will slaughter it", "on the north side of the Altar,", "before Adonoy;", "and Aaron's sons, the Kohanim, will sprinkle", "its blood all around the Altar.", "And it is said,", "This is the law", "of the burnt-offering,", "the meal-offering,", "the sin-offering,", "the guilt-offering,", "the inauguration-offerings", "and the peace-offerings.", "On Rosh Chodesh add:", "And on your Rosh Chodesh days", "you shall bring a burnt-offering to Adonoy.", "Two young bullocks,", "one ram,", "seven male yearling lambs", "without blemish.", "And three-tenths [of an epha26Three-tenths of an ephah is a measure in volume equal to the displacement of:129-3/5 eggs.] of fine flour", "for a meal-offering mixed with the [olive] oil,", "for each bullock;", "and two-tenths27Two-tenths of an ephah is the equivalent of 86-⅖ eggs. of fine flour", "for a meal-offering mixed with the [olive] oil,", "for the one ram.", "And one-tenth28One-tenth of an ephah is the equivalent of 43-⅕ eggs. of fine flour each", "for a meal-offering mixed with the [olive] oil,", "for each lamb;", "a burnt-offering of pleasing savor,", "a fire-offering to Adonoy.", "Their libations shall be:", "half a hin29The hin is a liquid measure containing 12 logs, of which each log is approximately 6 eggs. for [each] bullock,", "a third of a hin for the ram,", "and a fourth of a hin for each lamb—wine;", "this is the burnt-offering of Rosh Chodesh,", "each Rosh Chodesh,", "for [all] the Rosh Chodesh days of the year.", "And one he-goat", "for a sin-offeing30This offering atoned for unintentional defilement of the Sanctuary and its holy vessels. to Adonoy,", "in addition to the daily burnt-offering", "and its libation.", "The following sequence of Mishnayos and the selection from Sifra \"Rabbi Yishmael Says,\" were inserted after the Scriptural selections dealing with daily-offerings in order to give every Jew the opportunity to study/recite daily, the minimum of selections from Scripture, Mishnah, and Talmud. Even though Sifra is not actually a Talmudic tractate, it is a Tanaitic expansion of Mishnah. (See Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim 50:1).", "The following are Mishnayos found in the fifth chapter of Maseches Zevachim.", "MISHNAH I", "Where are the offerings slaughtered [in the Holy Temple?]", "The holiest of offerings31These include all burnt-offerings, sin-offerings and guilt-offerings. are slaughtered", "on the north side [of the Altar].", "The bullock and he-goat of Yom Kippur", "are slaughtered on the north side,", "and their blood is received32The blood was received directly from the throat of the animal.", "in a sacred vessel, on the north side.", "Their blood must be thrown", "between the poles33The High Priest actually stood between the poles of the Ark and sprinkled the blood once above [on the Ark Cover] and seven times below [the Ark Cover]. [of the Ark],", "and in front of the curtain34Separating the Holy of Holies from the Holy.", "and upon the Gold Altar;35The Gold Altar stood inside the Holy confines, whereas the Copper or Outer Altar stood in the Courtyard.", "[omission of] any one of these applications", "prevents [atonement].36Atonement was achieved only upon completion of the service of sprinkling the blood.", "The remainder of the blood [in the vessel]", "he [the Kohein] would pour", "on the western base", "of the Outer Altar;", "[but] if he did not do so,", "it did not prevent [atonement].", "MISHNAH II", "The bullocks that are burned entirely,", "and the he-goats that are burned entirely,37A bullock was brought as a burnt-offering in one of two cases:
It was brought as an atonement when the entire nation sinned unknowingly, as a result of an erroneous ruling by the Sanhedrin, Supreme Court; it was brought by the Kohein Gadol when he sinned unknowingly as a result of an erroneous interpretation of the law on his part.
A he-goat was brought as an atonement when the king sinned in similar circumstances, or when an entire tribe committed an idolatrous sin.", "are slaughtered on the north side,", "and their blood is received", "in a sacred vessel, on the north side;", "their blood must be thrown", "in front of the curtain38Separating the Holy of Holies from the Holy.", "and upon the Gold Altar;", "[omission of] any one of these applications", "prevents [atonement].", "The remainder of the blood [in the vessel]", "he [the Kohein] would pour", "on the western base", "of the Outer Altar;", "[but] if he did not do so,", "it did not prevent [atonement].", "These [offerings] and those39This includes the Yom Kippur offerings mentioned in Mishnah I. are burned", "at the place where the ashes were put.40The ashes removed from the Outer Altar every morning were deposited outside Jerusalem. The sin-offerings burned there did not have to be burned by a Kohen, but could be burned by an Israelite.", "MISHNAH III", "The communal and individual sin-offerings—", "these are the communal sin-offerings:", "The he-goats offered on Rosh Chodesh", "and on the Festivals", "are slaughtered on the north side,", "and their blood must be received", "in a sacred vessel, on the north side;", "their blood requires four applications", "[one] on each of the four corners.41Of the Outer Altar.", "How [was this done]?", "He [the Kohein] went up", "the ramp [of the Altar]42The ramp led up to the Altar from its south side. It was 32 cubits long and 16 cubits wide, and provided the Kohanim with access to the ledge which ran around the Altar, and upon which they were able to stand while performing their service.", "and turned to the ledge [bordering the Altar];", "he came to the southeast corner,", "the northeast corner,", "the northwest corner,", "the southwest corner.43At each of these corners, he would apply the blood.", "He poured the rest of the blood", "at the southern base [of the Altar].", "These offerings were eaten", "within the Temple Courtyard", "by the male Kohanim,", "prepared in any fashion,44It could be cooked or roasted.", "on that day and [the following] night", "until midnight.", "May it be Your will", "Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers,", "if I have committed a sin which requires,", "the bringing of a sin-offering,", "that this recitation", "be acceptable before you", "as if I had brought a sin-offering.", "MISHNAH IV", "The burnt-offering", "is one of the holiest offerings.", "It is slaughtered on the north side", "and its blood is received in a sacred vessel", "on the north side;", "its blood requires two applications", "which are [like] four.45The blood was applied against the southwestern and northeastern corners of the Altar and spread along both sides of each corner so that all four sides of the Altar received the blood.", "It must be skinned, severed into parts,", "and totally consumed by the fire.46The Kohanim received no part of the meat which was burned, but they shared in the hide.", "May it be Your will", "as if I had brought a burnt-offering.", "MISHNAH V", "Communal peace-offerings47The communal peace-offering were the two lambs offered on Shavuos (Leviticus 23:20).", "and guilt-offerings.", "These are the guilt-offerings:", "the guilt-offering for robbery,48This offering was brought when a person denied and swore falsely that he had been entrusted with something for safekeeping.", "the guilt-offering", "for unauthorized use of sacred objects,", "the guilt-offering", "for violating a betrothed handmaiden,49This offering was brought only when the handmaiden was half-slave, half-free and was betrothed to an Israelite servant.", "the guilt-offering of a Nazirite,50This offering was brought by a Nazirite who had become ritually defiled by a dead body.", "the guilt-offering of a metzora,51This offering was brought by the metsora when he was cured and declared undefiled by the Kohein.", "the guilt-offering for suspension.52This offering was brought by a person in doubt whether an act he had committed required a sin-offering.", "These are slaughtered on the north side", "and their blood received in a sacred vessel", "on the north side;", "their blood requires two applications", "which are [like] four.53See note 1 on Mishnah IV.", "These [offerings] were eaten", "within the Courtyard", "by the male Kohanim,", "prepared for eating in any fashion.54See note 4 on Mishnah III.", "On that day and [the following] night", "until midnight.", "May it be Your will", "Adonoy, our God, and God our our fathers,", "if I have committed a sin which requires", "the bringing of a guilt-offering", "that this recitation", "be acceptable before You", "as if I had brought a guilt-offering.", "MISHNAH VI", "The thanksgiving-offering55The thanksgiving-offering was brought when a person was released from captivity, when he recovered from a serious illness, or after traveling overseas or through wilderness.", "and the ram of the Nazirite56The ram was brought by a Nazirite at the termination of his vow.", "are of lesser sanctity.", "They are slaughtered", "anywhere in the Temple Courtyard,57These offerings did not have to be slaughtered or have their blood received on the north side of the Altar.", "and their blood requires two applications", "which are [like] four;", "they may be eaten anywhere in the city58The city of Jerusalem.", "by anyone,59Any Israelite who was circumcised and ritually clean could eat of these offerings. Females were also permitted to eat of those offerings.", "and prepared for eating in any fashion,", "[and may be eaten] on that day and the following night", "until midnight.", "The portion given to the Kohanim,60The Kohanim received the shoulder and right shank as their portion. They also received a portion of the meal-offerings which accompanied the meat-offerings.", "has the same rule,", "but may be eaten only by the Kohanim,", "their wives, children, and slaves.61Their non-Jewish slaves were permitted to eat of these offerings. The portions of the sin-offerings were however restricted to the male Kohanim. [These slaves were circumcised and were responsible for mitzvos, similar to those incumbent upon women.]", "May it be Your will", "as if I brought a thanksgiving-offering.", "MISHNAH VII", "The peace-offerings are [also] of lesser sanctity.", "They are slaughtered", "anywhere in the Courtyard,", "and their blood requires two applications", "which are [like] four.", "They may be eaten anywhere in the city", "by anyone,", "and prepared for eating in any fashion,", "for two days and one night.62That day, the following night and the following day.", "The portion given to the Kohanim", "has the same rule,", "but may be eaten only by the Kohanim,", "their wives, children, and slaves.", "May it be Your will", "as if I brought a peace-offering.", "MISHNAH VIII", "Firstborn animals, the tithe of cattle", "and the Passover-offering (Pascal lamb)", "are [also] of lesser sanctity.", "They are slaughtered", "anywhere in the Temple Courtyard,", "and their blood requires one application", "provided that it is applied", "above the base (of the Altar).63The blood was applied on the wall of the Altar which was above the base. [Not all its walls were above the base.]", "They differ in their consumption:", "The firstborn is eaten only by Kohanim,", "while the tithe may be eaten by any person.", "They may be eaten anywhere in the city,", "and prepared for eating in any fashion,", "and may be eaten for two days and one night.", "The Pascal lamb must be eaten only at night64The night of Passover.", "and only until midnight;", "and it may not be eaten", "except by those registered for it,", "and it may only be eaten when spit-roasted.65Never cooked, baked, rare, or raw.", "Rabbi Yishmael says:", "through thirteen methods", "the Torah is expounded:", "1) A conclusion drawn from a minor or lenient law, to a major or more strict one.", "2) A clarification based on identical words or terms in the Biblical text.", "3) A principle derived from one Biblical text", "or from two Biblical texts.", "4) A rule followed by a detail.", "5) A detail followed by a rule.", "6) A rule followed by a detail,", "which is in turn followed by a rule,", "may infer only what is similar to the detail.", "7) When a general rule requires an explicit rule;", "when an explicit rule requires generalization.", "8) Something included in a general rule,", "which was singled out to teach—", "was not singled out to teach about itself,", "but to teach (something new)", "concerning the rule as a whole.", "9) Something that was included in a rule", "and was singled out in a case", "similar to its rule,", "—it was singled out to lessen", "not to increase the severity of the case.", "10) Something that was included in a rule", "and was singled out in a case", "which is not similar to its rule,", "—it was singled out either to lessen", "or to increase the severity of the case.", "11) Something that was included in a rule", "and was singled out for a new stipulation—", "does not revert to its rule", "unless Scripture restores it to its rule", "expressly.", "12) A matter deduced from its context,", "or from a subsequent expression.", "13) Also, two passages that", "contradict each other", "until a third passage", "reconciles them.", "May it be Your will", "Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers,", "that the Holy Temple be rebuilt", "speedily in our days:", "and grant us our share in Your Torah.", "And there we will serve You reverently", "as in the days of old,", "and in earlier years." ], "Kaddish d'Rabanan": [ "Kaddish is not the name generally given to this prayer in the Talmud. It is referred to there as \"May His great Name...\", because the congregational response beginning with these words is the heart of this prayer. Only in one minor tractate, (Maseches Soferim 16, 19, and 21) is it referred to as Kaddish.", "Composed primarily in Aramaic, the language spoken and understood by most Jews in the Second Temple period (See Tosafos to Maseches Berachos 3a), nevertheless, several Hebrew phrases, which were familiar even to the unschooled, were also incorporated in the prayer.", "This particular form of Kaddish d'Rabanan, is so named because of the insertion of the paragraph which begins with the words \"Upon Israel and upon our Sages, etc.\" This Kaddish is recited following the study of Talmud or Midrash and invokes God's blessings on the Sages of Jewry, the transmitters of the Oral Torah.", "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created", "according to His will", "and may He rule His kingdom2May His sovereignty be revealed.", "bring forth His redemption", "and hasten the coming of His Mashiach.", "In your lifetime and in your days,", "and in the lifetime", "of the entire House of Israel,", "speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra—", "and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed", "forever and for all eternity.4This phrase, the heart of the Kaddish, is found almost verbatim in Daniel 2:20.", "Blessed and praised,", "glorified, and exalted and uplifted,", "honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.)", "be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above)", "all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14.", "praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people.", "which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "Upon Israel, and upon our Sages,", "and upon their disciples,", "and upon all the disciples of their disciples,", "and upon all those who engage in Torah study", "in this land", "and in every land.", "May there be unto them and unto you", "abundant peace, favor, kindness,", "compassion, long life,", "ample sustenance and redemption", "from their Father", "Who is in heaven and on earth,", "—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven", "and a good life", "for us and for all Israel,", "—and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace", "(Ten Days of Penitence: the peace)", "in His high heavens", "may He, in His mercy, make peace", "for us and for all Israel,", "—and say Amein." ], "Hodu": [ "The following sequence of prayers until Yishtabach (p. 94) is called Pesukei Dezimrah (verses of praise). These selected Scriptural passages were arranged by the Gaonim of the ninth century, in fulfillment of the Talmudic statement (Maseches Berachos 32a), \"A person should always praise God first and make his requests [offer his prayers] afterwards.\" Beginning with the following prayer, it is forbidden to interrupt your prayer with conversation until after the Shemoneh Esrei (p. 118).", "You are permitted to answer Amein, respond to Barechu, Kaddish and to say Kedushah even though you are in the midst of Pesukei Dezimrah. You are also permitted to say Modim d'Rabbonon and the first verse of the Shema together with the congregation.", "If you are concerned that the saying of Kerias Shema will not be within the proper time should you follow the regular order of prayers, you are permitted to recite the entire Kerias Shema during the Pesukei Dezimrah.", "The first 28 verses of this section are taken from 1 Chronicles 16:8-36, and the first 15 are almost identical with the first fifteen verses of Psalms 105. These prayers are mentioned in Maseches Soferim.", "Give thanks to Adonoy, proclaim His Name;", "make His deeds1Make His Divine attributes (mercy, kindness, etc.) known to the world.—Siach Yitzchok known among the nations.", "Sing to Him, compose songs to Him,", "speak of all His wonders.", "Take pride2The Jew should be proud at being found worthy to utter God's Name.—Siddur HaGra in [uttering] His holy Name,", "let the heart rejoice", "of those who seek3Seeking God is an end in itself and provides joy to those who earnestly seek Him.—Siach Yitzchok Adonoy.", "Search for Adonoy and His might,", "seek His presence continually.", "Remember the wonders He has performed,", "His miracles,4His “miracles” were witnessed by Jew and Egyptian alike in Egypt. His “laws” are the Torah He gave us at Mt. Sinai.—Iyun Tefillah and the laws from His mouth.", "[You,] the seed of Israel5The entire section—the previous verses as well as the following verses—are addressed to the Jewish People, who are the seed of Israel, the chosen of God, who are asked to remember His wonders, miracles and laws.—Tzelosa d'Avrohom His servant,", "children of Jacob, His chosen ones.", "He is Adonoy our God;", "the entire earth is governed by His laws.", "Remember His covenant forever—", "the word He commanded", "to a thousand generations—", "which He made as a treaty with Abraham,", "and [which was] His oath to Isaac.", "He established it for Jacob as a statute,", "for Israel as an everlasting covenant.6This verse in following the preceding verse indicates that the original covenant which God made with Abraham was later confirmed to Isaac in an oath and then established for Jacob as a statute. After Jacob was given the name Israel, it became an everlasting covenant.—Tzelosa d'Avrohom", "Saying,", "To you I will give the Land of Canaan,", "the portion of your inheritance.", "When you were only few in number—", "very few, and strangers in it.", "They wandered from nation to nation,", "and from one kingdom to another people.", "He permitted no one to oppress them,", "and admonished kings7Both Pharaoh and Avimclcch were admonished for Abraham's sake (Genesis 13:17; 20:3,7). for their sakes.", "Do not touch My anointed ones,8The Hebrew word משיחי can also be translated as “My great ones” and as such refers to the Patriarchs. “My prophets” refers to the Matriarchs, who were known to be prophets. Both were afforded extraordinary Divine protection.—Etz Yosef", "and do not harm My prophets.\"", "Sing to Adonoy all the earth,9Siach Yitzchok maintains that this verse directs Jewry to sing to God in all the lands in which they are dispersed during their exile. Tzelosa d'Avrohom understands the verse to direct all the nations of the earth to sing to God.", "proclaim His deliverance from day to day.10a) We are to proclaim our deliverance by God even 7 day; b) We are to proclaim that our deliverance by God is a daily experience.—Tzelosa d'Avrohom", "Recount His glory among the nations,", "His wonders among all the peoples.", "For Adonoy is great and most extolled;", "Awesome is He above all gods.", "For all the gods of the peoples are idols,", "whereas Adonoy made the heavens.", "Beauty and splendor are before Him,11The word הוד (beauty) indicates that which is itself beautiful, while הדר (splendor) is the reflection of beauty. For example: the sun's light is “beauty” itself while the moon's light is splendor—a reflection of the sun.—Siddur HaGra", "strength and joy are in His presence.", "Give to Adonoy families of peoples—", "give to Adonoy glory and might.", "Give to Adonoy the glory due His Name,", "bring an offering and come before Him,", "prostrate yourselves before Adonoy", "in the splendor of holiness.12Etz Yosef understands this as the “holy splendor” of God's Sanctuary. Tzelosa d'Avrohom sees it as the splendor and joy of worship before God, as contrasted with secular, frivolous manifestations of beauty and splendor.", "Tremble before Him all [peoples of] the earth,", "for He established the inhabited world", "so that it cannot be moved.", "The heavens will rejoice,", "the earth will exult,13Simcha (rejoicing) describes one's feelings at a new experience of happiness, whereas gila (exultation) describes the feeling one experiences over an ongoing situation of joy. Since there is nothing new on the earth ואין כל־חדש תחת השמש (Koheles 1:9), it is said the earth will exult (gila); but the heavens will rejoice (simcha) because there is חידוש in the heavens.—Vilna Gaon", "and they will proclaim among the nations:", "Adonoy has begun His reign.", "The sea and its fullness will roar;", "the field and all that is in it will jubilate.", "Then the trees of the forest will sing with joy,", "[receding] before Adonoy", "when He comes to judge the earth.", "Give thanks to Adonoy, for He is good,", "for His kindness is everlasting.", "And say, \"Deliver us, God of our deliverance;", "gather us and save us from the nations,", "to give thanks to Your holy Name,", "to be extolled in Your praise.\"14The fact that we are privileged to sing Your praises and cling to You will make us praiseworthy.—Etz Yosef", "Blessed is Adonoy, the God of Israel", "for all eternity,", "and all the people said: \"Amein\"", "and [they] praised Adonoy.\"", "(The following verses are a selection from the Psalms.)", "Exalt Adonoy, our God,", "and prostrate yourselves", "at His footstool.15The Holy Temple.", "Holy is He!16Or Holy is it—i.e., the Temple.", "Exalt Adonoy, our God,", "and prostrate yourselves", "at His holy mountain,17Mount Moriah, upon which the Holy Temple was built, is holy itself even when the Temple is destroyed. The previous verse refers to the time of the Temple, the second verse refers to the period of its destruction.—Etz Yosef", "for Adonoy our God is holy.", "And He, the Merciful One,", "atones iniquity and does not destroy;", "He frequently withdraws His anger", "and does not arouse all His rage.", "You, Adonoy,", "withhold not Your mercy from me;", "may Your kindness and Your truth18חסד (kindness) is the good God bestows without a promise, whereas אמת (truth) is the fulfillment of His promise.—Siach Yitzchok", "always protect me.", "Remember Your mercies Adonoy", "and kindnesses,", "for", "they are from the beginning of the world.19God's mercies to mankind started from the very day that Adam was created. God created the world in order to fill it with kindness as it is said: “A world of kindness was built” (Psalms 89:3).—Rashi", "Give might to God,20Attribute your victories to God's might rather than to your own.—Siach Yitzchok. Rashbam and others hold that since God's actions are a reflection of Israel's deeds, the latter are, in a sense, the source of His might. Thus when Israel follows the wishes of God, they give might to Him.", "His pride (majesty) hovers over Israel,", "and His might is in the clouds.", "You are awesome, God,", "from Your Sanctuaries,21There is a spiritual Temple in the heavens which corresponds to the Temple on earth.—Radak. The Talmud (Maseches Zevachim 115b) notes that the word ממקדשיך may also be read ממקדשיך, from Your holy people, indicating that God is especially demanding of the most adherent to the Torah. When this occurs, the world is filled with awe and fear of God.", "Almighty of Israel—", "He grants might and power to the people;", "blessed is God.", "Almighty of vengeance, Adonoy,", "Almighty of vengeance, reveal Yourself.22These two verses (94:1-2) are an appeal to God during a time fraught with the sufferings of exile, when it seems as if God has forsaken His people. He is urged to reveal Himself as the Mighty champion of justice—S.R. Hirsch", "Arise, Judge of the earth!", "Repay the arrogant their just reward.", "Deliverance is Adonoy's.23Only God knows what is true deliverance for a person. Prayer is not always answered, because God in His infinite wisdom knows that granting the request is not always for our benefit. We must therefore bless and offer thanks to God regardless of whether our petition has been granted.—Siach Yitzchok", "Upon Your people is Your blessing. Selah.", "Adonoy of Hosts is with us,", "a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob. Selah.", "Adonoy of Hosts!", "Fortunate is the man who trusts in You.", "Adonoy, deliver [us].", "The King will answer us on the day we call.", "Deliver Your people", "and bless Your inheritance,", "tend them and uplift them forever.24Radak understands David to be asking God to raise the People of Israel above their enemies. Ibn Ezra says that God is being asked to act like a shepherd who brings his flock to high ground to save them from beasts of prey.", "Our soul yearned for Adonoy,", "our help and our shield is He.", "For in Him our hearts will rejoice,", "for in His holy Name we trusted.", "May Your kindness, Adonoy, be upon us,", "as we have waited for You.", "Show us Your kindness, Adonoy,", "and grant25We hope to earn redemption through our deeds, but if we are found wanting, then “show us Your kindness\"—overlook our deficiencies and “grant” us salvation.—Radak us Your deliverance.", "Arise—come to our aid,", "and redeem us for the sake of Your kindness.", "I am Adonoy, Your God,", "Who brought you up from the land of Egypt;", "open your mouth wide, and I will fill it.26Request all that you desire and I will fulfill every request.—Ibn Ezra. The Jerusalem Talmud (Maseches Taanis 3:6) indicates that the more one requests God׳s providence—the “wider he opens his mouth\"—the more he shows his belief in God's ability to provide all of man's needs.", "Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus,", "fortunate is the people", "for whom Adonoy is their God.", "In Your loving kindness I trust,", "My heart will exult in Your deliverance;", "I will sing to Adonoy,", "for He dealt kindly with me.27The foremost level of man's trust in God is manifested in three situations: a) when he is confronted with trouble, b) when he seeks help, and c) after he has been helped. The Psalmist says: In my time of trouble, I trust in Your kindliness; I seek only Your help, for my heart exults in Your salvation; and I will sing to You afterwards for You have dealt kindly with me.—Siddur HaGra" ], "Mizmor Shir": [ "Psalm 30, once used to inaugurate the Holy Temple, is used today to inaugurate our daily prayers, for the synagogue is a \"Holy Temple in miniature\" and our prayers take the place of the sacrifices. It is both a prayer for success and a declaration of thanksgiving.", "A Psalm,", "a song for the inauguration of the Temple,", "by David.1Solomon built the Temple. Why, then, is its inauguration attributed to David? Rashi explains: David composed the song which would be sung at the inauguration later, in Solomon's days.", "I will exalt You, Adonoy,", "for You have upheld me,2Radak writes that the Hebrew word דליתני is an expression used to describe either a down-trodden or an uplifted state. The downtrodden state of the Jewish people is actually part of their uplifting says the Sfas Emes, as it is said, “when I was brought low, He delivered me” (Psalms 116:6). “My downtrodden state was the cause of my salvation,” proclaims David, just as when one lowers a bucket (דלי) into a well in order to bring up the water.", "and not let my foes rejoice over me.", "Adonoy, my God,", "I cried out to You, and You healed me.", "Adonoy, You have raised", "my soul from the lower world.", "You have kept me alive,", "lest I descend to the Pit.", "Sing to Adonoy, [you,] His pious ones,", "and give thanks to His holy Name.3The literal translation of זכר קודשו is His ׳holy remembrance,’ but it refers to His Name; for the titles we bestow upon Him are our means of remembering Him.— Radak", "For His anger lasts only a moment,4A moment is a measure of time. God's anger is limited to time (be it long or short) but God's favor is unlimited.—Sfas Emes", "but there is [long] life, in His conciliation.", "In the evening, one retires weeping,", "but in the morning there is [a cry of] joy!", "I said, in my serenity,", "I would never be moved.", "[But,] Adonoy, it was Your will [alone]", "that established my mountain", "as a stronghold.", "When You concealed Your Presence,", "I was terrified.", "To You, Adonoy, I called,", "and my Master I beseeched.", "What gain is there", "in [the shedding of] my blood?", "In my going down to destruction?", "Will the dust acknowledge You?", "Will it proclaim Your truth?", "Hear [me] Adonoy, and be gracious to me,", "Adonoy, be a help to me.", "You have turned my mourning into dancing,", "You have loosened my sackcloth", "and supported me with joy.", "In order that my soul5The literal translation of כבוד is glory. Rabbi Yerucham Levovitz explained that the soul is called כבוד because its only function is to give glory to God. might sing to You", "and not be stilled,", "Adonoy, my God, forever will I thank You.", "Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King", "Adonoy will be King forever and ever.", "Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King", "Adonoy will be King forever and ever.", "And Adonoy will be King", "over the whole earth;", "on that day Adonoy will be One", "and His Name One.", "Deliver us Adonoy, our God,", "and gather us from among the nations,", "to give thanks to Your holy Name—", "to be extolled in Your praise.", "Blessed is Adonoy, God of Israel", "from the world till the next world", "and all the people said: \"Amen, Praise God.\"", "Let every soul praise God.", "Praise God.", "To the Chief Musician:", "a Psalm with instrumental music, a song.", "[May] God favor us and bless us,", "[may He] cause His countenance to shine", "among us Selah;", "[So] that Your way become known on earth,", "[and] Your deliverance among all nations.", "Peoples will thank You, God,", "all the peoples will thank You.", "Nations will rejoice and sing", "when You judge the peoples justly,", "and lead the nations upon the earth Selah.", "Peoples will thank You, God,", "all the peoples will thank You.", "The earth will have yielded its produce;", "God, our God, will have blessed us.", "God will bless us,", "and they will fear Him—", "all [men even from] the ends of the earth." ], "Baruch She'amar": [ "This blessing introduces the Pesukei Dezimrah . It was mentioned by Rabbi Isaac Alfasi (Rif) over 800 years ago in his commentary to Maseches Berachos 32. The Taz (Orach Chaim 51:1) states that this prayer was instituted by the \"Men of the Great Assembly.\" The blessing contains eighty-seven words suggesting the numerical value of פָּז poz, refined gold.", "Blessed is He Who spoke,", "and the world came into being,", "blessed is He;", "blessed is He Who maintains the creation;", "blessed is He Who says and does;1God's saying and doing are synonymous and simultaneous as it is said, “By the word of God the heavens were made” (Psalms 33:6).—Etz Yosef", "blessed is He Who decrees and fulfills;2“Says and does” refers to those things that are not lasting and must be renewed whereas, “He decrees and fulfills,” refers to those things that have קיום, and last forever.—Tzelosa d'Avrohom", "blessed is He Who has compassion", "on the earth;", "blessed is He Who has compassion", "on the creatures;3Not only is God's compassionate providence concerned with the earth and enduring things, but His compassion and providence extend even to those creatures which are destined to perish.—Avudraham", "blessed is He Who rewards well", "those who fear Him,", "blessed is He Who lives forever", "and exists eternally;", "blessed is He Who redeems and saves4God redeems those who are in captivity and saves others from being taken into captivity.", "blessed is His Name.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the Universe,", "the Almighty,", "the merciful Father,", "Who is verbally extolled by His people,", "praised and glorified", "by the tongue of His pious ones,", "and His servants,", "and through the songs of David Your servant.", "We will extoll You, Adonoy our God,", "with praises and psalms;", "we will exalt, praise, and glorify You;", "we will mention Your Name,", "and proclaim You—our King, our God.", "Unique One, Life of the worlds, King,", "praised and glorified forever", "is His great Name.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "King, Who is extolled with praises." ], "Mizmor Lesodah": [ "Psalm 100 was recited in the Temple only on those days when thank-offerings were offered on the Altar.It is therefore omitted on Shabbos, on Yom Tov, on the day before Yom Kippur, on the day before Pesach, and also on the intermediate days of Pesach, when only obligatory-offerings were offered.", "Our Sages declare (Midrash Rabbah Tzav, 9) \"In the future, even though all things on earth will be in such an ideal state that there will be no more cause for prayers and offerings, prayers of gratitude, and offerings of thanksgiving will nevertheless not cease.\"", "Ordinarily, when a person is saved from a fatal illness, is released from captivity, or returns from a risky journey, he pronounces the special blessing Hagomeil (see page 177). Our Sages, instituted psalm 100 in our daily prayers as an expression of thanks for the many unrecognized miracles God performs in our behalf every day.", "The following Psalm is omitted on Shabbat, Festivals, the day before Pesach, Chol HaMoed, Pesach and the day before Yom Kippur.", "A psalm of thanksgiving:", "Shout for joy to Adonoy, everyone on earth.", "Serve Adony with joy,1To serve God means to devote every moment of one's life to the execution of God's will. We are called upon to dedicate ourselves to this life of Divine service with rejoicing, for only such a life can give us the true joy that comes from constant spiritual and moral growth.—S.R. Hirsch", "come before Him with exultation.", "Know that Adonoy is God,", "He has made us, and we are His,2As is pointed out by the written form לא, which indicates “we are nothing,” we are not even the most insignificant part of our existence to ourselves. In fact, the more we realize that we are לא, insignificant, the more לו אנחנו, we are His.—Sfas Emes", "His people and the sheep of His pasturing.", "Enter His gates3The gates of the Temple Mount. with thanksgiving,", "His courtyards4The courts of the holy Temple. with praise.", "Give thanks to Him, bless His Name", "for Adonoy is good,", "His loving kindness is eternal,", "and to every generation", "His faithfulness [extends.]" ], "Yehi Chevod": [ "This prayer, mentioned in Maseches Sof'rim 17:11 is a collection of 18 verses from Psalms, Chronicles, and Proverbs, in which the Divine Name (הויה) is mentioned 18 times. Great care should be taken to pronounce the \"Name\" with the utmost concentration, keeping in mind that He is the Supreme Master of all that exists.", "The glory of Adonoy will endure forever;", "Adonoy will rejoice in His works.1Psalms 104:31.", "The Name of Adonoy will be blessed", "from now forever.", "From the rising of the sun to its setting,", "praised is the Name of Adonoy.", "High above all nations is Adonoy,", "above the heavens is His glory.2Psalms 113:4.", "Adonoy, Your Name3God's “Name” is the name spelled Yud-Hey-Vuv-Hey. is forever,", "Adonoy, Your Mention4God's “mention” is the name spelled Alef-Daled-Nun-Yud. In this world God's name is only written as Y-H-V-H but is pronouced Adonoy. In the future world, however, God's Name will be pronounced as it is written. Thus the Psalmist means: “Your Name is eternal, but Your mention is solely from generation to generation.—Siach Yitzchok is for generations.5Psalms 135:13.", "Adonoy has established His throne in heaven,", "[but] His dominion rules over all.6Psalms 103:19.", "The heavens will rejoice, the earth will exult,", "and they will proclaim among the nations:", "Adonoy has begun His reign.7I Chronicles 16:31.", "Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King;", "Adonoy will be King forever and ever.\"", "Adonoy will reign for all eternity", "[when] nations have perished", "from His earth.8Psalms 10:16.", "Adonoy annuls the counsel of nations,", "He disrupts the intention of peoples.9Psalms 33:10.", "Many thoughts are in the heart of man,", "but [only] Adonoy's counsel will endure.10Proverbs 19:21.", "The counsel of Adonoy will stand forever,", "the thoughts of His heart", "throughout all generations.11Psalms 33:11.", "For He spoke and it came to be;", "He commanded and it stood.12Psalms 33:9.", "For Adonoy has chosen Zion;", "He desired it for His dwelling place.13Psalms 132:13.", "For God chose Jacob to be His,", "Israel for His treasure.14Psalms 135:4.", "For Adonoy will not cast off His people,", "and His inheritance, He will not abandon.15Psalms 94:13.", "And He, the Merciful One,", "atones iniquity; and does not destroy.", "He frequently withdraws His anger", "and does not arouse all His rage.16Psalms 78:38.", "Adonoy, deliver [us!]", "The King will answer us on the day we call.17Psalms 20:10." ], "Ashrei": [ "Rav S.R. Hirsch writes that the six concluding chapters of the Book of Psalms are the most important gift of David's Divinely-inspired hymns that Israel treasures so greatly. These six psalms, 145-150, are an essential component of our daily prayers. Our Sages attach much significance to Psalm 145 in particular, and stated: \"Whoever recites ‘A praise by David' three times a day is assuredly worthy of a share in the world to come\" (Maseches Berachos 4b). When recited in prayer this psalm is always introduced with two verses from other Psalms (84:5 and 144:15). These verses contain the word fortunate three times, an allusion to this psalm being recited three times a day. These verses are so closely identified with Psalm 145 that it is commonly referred to as Ashrei (Fortunate).", "Fortunate are those who dwell", "in Your house;1This verse referred to the Kohanim and the Levites who served (dwelt) in the Holy Temple (Your House); it is at all times applicable to scholars and devout men who study and pray in houses of worship and study.", "may they continue to praise You, Selah.2Psalms 84:5.", "Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus;", "fortunate is the people", "for whom Adonoy is their God.3Psalms 144:15.", "A praise by David!", "I will exalt You, my God, the King,", "and bless Your Name forever and ever.", "Every day I will bless You4According to Rav S.R. Hirsch, David here declares, “I will dedicate myself to serve You and to fulfill Your will in loyal obedience,” for in serving God, man causes His Name to be blessed.", "and extol Your Name forever and ever.", "Adonoy is great and highly extolled,", "and His greatness is unfathomable.", "One generation to another", "will praise Your works,", "and Your mighty acts they will declare.", "The splendor of Your glorious majesty,", "and the words5Not simply נפלאתיך—a report of Your wonders—but דברי נפלאתיך the “words\"—the lessons that Your wonders teach.—S.R. Hirsch of Your wonders I will speak.", "Of Your awesome might, they6People in general will speak of God's wondrous might in punishing the wicked (Sodom, Egypt, etc.) while David will proclaim that God's greatness is measured more by His kindliness than by His awesomeness.—Siach Yitzchok will speak,", "and Your greatness I will recount.", "Mention of Your bountifulness", "they will express,", "and in Your righteousness joyfully exult.", "Adonoy is gracious and merciful,7He is gracious in bestowing reward and merciful in punishment.—Siach Yitzchok", "slow to anger and great in kindliness.", "Adonoy is good to all,", "His mercy encompasses all His works.", "All Your works will thank You, Adonoy,", "and Your pious ones will bless You.8Your works, which are the cause of your being thanked by sensitive people; similarly, cause your pious ones to bless You.—based on S.R. Hirsch.", "Of the honor of Your kingship,", "they will speak,", "and Your might they will declare.", "To reveal to men His mighty acts,", "and the glorious splendor of His kingship.", "Your kingship is the kingship for all times,", "and Your dominion is in every generation.", "Adonoy supports all the fallen,", "and straightens all the bent.", "The eyes of all look expectantly to You,", "and You give them", "their food at its proper time.", "You open Your hand", "and satisfy the desire of every living being.", "Adonoy is just in all His ways", "and benevolent in all His deeds.9The penalties for transgressions are just, but God is gracious in the actual punishment inflicted on the sinner.—Siddur HaGra", "Adonoy is near to all who call upon Him,", "to all who call upon Him in truth.10He is near to all who call upon Him, but His nearness can be perceived only by those who call upon Him in truth, who truly mean to have God enter into their lives.—S.R. Hirsch", "The will of those who fear Him, He fulfills;", "He hears their cry and delivers them.11While God hears all who cry unto Him in truth. He answers those who fear Him, who subject their desires to His will.—Siach Yitzchok", "Adonoy watches over all those who love Him,", "and will destroy all the wicked.", "Praise of Adonoy, my mouth will declare", "and all flesh will bless", "His holy Name forever and ever.", "And we will bless God", "from now forever.", "Praise God.12Psalms 115:18. You should pause between עולם and הללויה. Similarly, in all the Psalms, the word הללויה is not connected to the preceding verse.", "This Psalm acclaims God's loving care as experienced by each Jew in his own life.", "Praise God!", "My soul, praise Adonoy.", "I will praise Adonoy with my life;", "I will sing to my God as long as I live.", "Do not place your trust [even] in noble men,13According to the Sages, it is implied that one should not rely even on the merit of his sainted ancestors, the Patriarchs, for deliverance.", "in man who has no [power of] deliverance.", "[When] his spirit departs,", "he returns to his earth;14Only the four cubits of ground which will receive him one day are his; of all the world they are the one possession which is guaranteed to him.—S.R. Hirsch", "on that day his plans come to naught.", "Fortunate [is he]", "when the Almighty of Jacob is his help,15Jacob, more than anyone, sensed God's nearness and protection throughout his difficult life and through all the trials to which he was subjected.—S.R. Hirsch", "whose expectation is on Adonoy, his God.", "He makes heaven and earth,", "the sea and all that is in them;", "He keeps His promises faithfully forever.16He alone has always proven dependable and faithful, for there are no limits to His essence and to His power.—Ibn Ezra, Radak", "He performs justice for the oppressed;", "He gives bread to the hungry;", "Adonoy releases the imprisoned.", "Adonoy gives sight to the blind;", "Adonoy straightens the bent.", "Adonoy loves the righteous.", "Adonoy protects strangers;", "the orphan and widow", "He enables to stand firm;", "and the way of the wicked He thwarts.", "Adonoy will reign forever;", "your God, Zion, throughout all generations.", "Praise God.", "In this Psalm, David imparts the knowledge to sustain and uphold the Jewish People, during their bitter exile. He tells them of their special and enduring relationship with God and of their role as permanent messengers of the word of God to all mankind.", "Praise God!", "for it is good to sing to our God;", "for [His] praise is pleasant, befitting.", "The builder of Jerusalem is Adonoy;", "the banished ones of Israel He will gather.", "[He is] the Healer of the broken-hearted", "and [also] binds up their wounds.17Others render “their sorrows.” Both translations co-exist! God not only heals their physical pains but also abbreviates their sorrows as well.", "He fixes the number of stars;", "He calls all of them by names.18Not one of the myriad stars was created accidentally; each has a unique purpose and function.—Siach Yitzchok", "Great is our Master and abundant in power;", "His understanding is beyond reckoning.", "Adonoy causes the humble to stand firm;", "He casts down the wicked to the ground.", "Cry out to Adonoy in thanksgiving;", "sing to our God with the harp.19Each musical instrument has its unique function. In the times of King David, the harp was used to arouse those who slept. The psalmist may be indicating that the harp arouses the sleeping soul of man to recognition of the miraculous ways in which God shows His Divine Providence for us every day.—Siach Yitzchok", "[He] Who covers the heaven with clouds,", "Who prepares rain for the earth;", "Who causes grass to grow upon the hills.", "Who gives the animal its fodder;", "[also] to the young ravens which call.", "Not the power of the horse does He desire,", "nor the thighs of man does He want.20God does not delight in those who place their trust in the strength of horses or in their own strength.—Tzelosa d'Avrohom", "Adonoy wants those who fear Him,", "those who hope for His kindliness.", "Jerusalem, praise Adonoy;", "Zion, extol your God.21The Psalmist addresses the dwellers in Jerusalem and Zion, not the city itself.—Tzelosa d'Avrohom", "For He has fortified the bars of your gates;", "He has blessed your children in your midst.", "He established peace at your border;", "with prime wheat He satisfies you.", "He dispatches His command earthward;", "His word races swiftly.", "He provides snow like fleece,", "He scatters frost like ashes.", "He hurls His ice like crumbs;", "who can withstand His cold?", "He dispatches His word and melts them;", "He blows His wind, they flow as water.", "He declares His word to Jacob,", "His statutes and His laws to Israel.22Israel is the receiver and preserver of God's divine Law, the Torah, which includes chukim, statutes which confine the physical, sensual aspects of man within the bounds of moral purity, and also mishpotim, laws which govern communal life. Among the nations, law is determined by the views they hold at a given time and place concerning the needs of a society, and so their laws are based on expediency.—S.R. Hirsch", "He did not do so to any [other] nation;", "and of His laws they were not informed.", "Praise God.", "In this psalm, David sings of the moment when all the world will be imbued with the knowledge of God's all-embracing providence. All living creatures—from the infinite heights of heaven above (verses 1-7) down to the depths of the earth below (verses 7-12)—will join together in one great hymn of praise to their Creator, and acknowledge the uniqueness of Israel over all other nations.", "Praise God.", "Praise Adonoy from the sky;", "Praise Him in the heights!", "Praise Him, all His angels;", "Praise Him, all His hosts!", "Praise Him, sun and moon;", "Praise Him, all the stars of light.", "Praise Him, skies of skies,", "and the waters that are above the skies.23Genesis 1:6-7 indicates that there are waters above the heavens.", "They will praise the Name of Adonoy,", "for He commanded it and they were created.", "He established them for all time,24The heavenly bodies, unlike humans and earthly things, were created from materials that do not deteriorate.—Kuzari", "for as long as the world exists;", "He decreed it and it is unalterable.25None of the heavenly bodies transgresses the Divine decree about its functions in the role for which it was created. The sun never violates its mandate to serve by day or the moon by night. According to Ibn Ezra, the verse might also be translated “He issued a decree which will not pass away,” for God's decree is permanent and immutable.", "Praise Adonoy from the earth,", "sea-monsters", "and all [that dwell in] the depths.", "Fire and hail, snow and vapor,", "stormwind, [all] fulfilling His word.", "The mountains and all the hills,", "fruit trees and all cedars.", "Wild beasts and all animals,", "creeping things and winged fowl.", "Earthly kings and all peoples,", "ministers and all earthly judges.", "Young men and also maidens,", "elders together with lads.26Elders and youngsters praise God together while the young men must be separated from the maidens. In the Temple separate facilities were erected for the women. So too must there be separate seating in our synagogues.", "They will praise the Name of Adonoy,", "for His Name alone is exalted;", "His majesty is over the earth and the skies.", "He will raise the might of His people,", "[which is] praise for all His pious ones,", "for the Children of Israel,", "the people near27The fulfillment of the last two verses will take place in the Messianic era. to Him.", "Praise God.", "This psalm continues the theme of the previous psalm.", "Praise God.", "Sing a new song to Adonoy,28The old songs will not suffice to express the joy at the wonders in the Messianic future.—Radak", "His praise in the assembly of the pious.", "Israel will rejoice in its Maker;", "the children of Zion will exult in their King.29Israel is the nation as a whole, the children of Zion are the elite of the people.—Seporno", "They will praise His Name with dance;", "with drum and harp", "they will make music to Him.", "Because Adonoy desires His people;", "He will adorn the humble with deliverance.30Although God desires all His people, nevertheless, our ultimate salvation will come through the merit of His humble ones.—Rav Simcha Bunim of Preshischa", "The pious will rejoice in honor;", "they will sing joyously upon their beds.", "High praises of the Almighty in their throats,", "and a double-edged sword in their hand.31One's praise of God emanating from deep within him, (not mere lip service) becomes a two-edged sword, for it protects him against attack from his fellow men and it guards him from adversity in the approaching Divine judgment.—S.R. Hirsch", "To perform vengeance upon the nations,", "chastisement upon the peoples.", "To bind their kings with chains,", "and their nobles with iron fetters.", "To execute upon them", "[the] written judgment;", "it32The Divine judgment itself is honor and recognition for those who commit their entire lives and efforts to God.—S.R. Hirsch is the splendor of all His pious ones.", "Praise God.", "This psalm recapitulates all the previous hymns and tells how God is revealed through His mighty deeds.", "Praise God.", "Praise the Almighty in His Sanctuary33His “Sanctuary” refers to the world of angels who minister to Him as He appears on His throne.—Radak", "Praise God", "in the firmament of His might34The firmament of His might refers to the heavenly spheres through which God reveals His mastery over the physical world.—Radak", "Praise Him for His mighty deeds;", "Praise Him", "according to the abundance of His greatness.", "Praise Him with the blowing of the shofar;35The shofar is the solemn instrument which awakens and calls us to God.—S.R. Hirsch", "praise Him with lyre and harp.36Lyre and harp are instruments which express man's meditation upon God.—S.R. Hirsch", "Praise Him with drum and dance.37Drum and dance are public manifestations of exultation in God.—S.R. Hirsch", "Praise Him", "with stringed instruments and flute.38Stringed instruments and the flute may serve to express the quieter rejoicing of an individual.׳—S.R. Hirsch", "Praise Him with resounding cymbals.39The cymbal is an instrument of extremely loud sound which may serve to call whole groups to attentive participation.—S.R. Hirsch", "Praise Him with clanging cymbals.", "Let every soul praise God.", "Praise God.", "Let every soul praise God.", "Praise God.40This verse is repeated to mark the end of the psalms included in the Pesukei Dezimrah.—Avudraham", "The following selected verses from Psalms mark the close of the individual books of Psalms. Eitz Yoseif notes that these verses may constitute a sort of blessing marking the close of the Pesukei Dezimrah.", "Blessed is Adonoy forever, Amein and Amein!41Psalms 89:53. God is the eternal source of blessing. We merely declare His blessedness, we do not bless Him.", "Blessed is Adonoy from Zion,", "Who dwells in Jerusalem.", "Praise God.42Psalms 135:21.", "Blessed is Adonoy, God,", "God of Israel", "Who alone performs wonders.43“Alone” means without intermediaries (Malbim); also without the beneficiary's awareness.—(Vilna Gaon)", "And blessed is the Name of His glory forever,", "and may His glory fill the whole earth.", "Amein and Amein!44Psalms 72:18-19. This verse will be fulfilled in Messianic times when all men will be invested with a true awareness of God's majesty. The prophet (Isaiah 11:9) foretells, “For (then) the earth shall be filled with the knowledge of Adonoy as the waters cover the sea.”—Radak", "The following selections are additions to the Pesukei Dezimrah. The custom of reciting them is mentioned as early as the Gaonic era, specifically by Rav Amram Gaon.", "The first four verses (1 Chronicles 29:10-13) relate David's blessing to God, when he presented the gold, silver, and jewels he amassed for the construction of the Holy Temple. It was a day of great rejoicing as, following David's example, the leaders and princes also presented generous gifts for the construction of the Temple.", "These verses were incorporated into our daily prayers because they speak so eloquently of God's majesty, and of the Divine providence which is the source of the power, riches, might, and honor of all human beings.", "The following until after ישתבח should be said standing.", "And David blessed Adonoy", "in the presence of all the assembly;", "and David said,", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "God of Israel, our father,45David singles out Jacob because he was the first Patriarch to mention building a house of God (Genesis 28:22), “Then shall this stone which I have set for a pillar be God's house.”—Radak", "forever and ever.", "Yours, Adonoy,", "is the greatness, the might, the glory", "the victory and the beauty,46David thus renders unto God the greatness God has given him. His might in war, his victories in battle, and the majesty of his kingdom, are all due to God's providence.—Iyun T'filah", "for all that is in heaven and on earth", "[is Yours]; Yours, Adonoy, is the kingdom", "and You are uplifted,", "[supreme] over all rulers.", "The riches and the honor come from You,", "and You rule over all;", "in Your hand are power and might,", "and [it is] in Your hand", "to bestow greatness and strength upon all.", "And now, our God,", "we give thanks to You", "and praise Your glorious Name.47I Chronicles 29:10-13.", "The next six verses are taken from Nehemiah 9:6-11. They are the last words of praise found in Scripture.", "You alone are Adonoy;48This is an affirmation of God's unity: “Adonoy is One.”", "You have made the skies,", "the skies of skies49This denotes the highest of the seven heavens. and all their hosts,50This signifies the sun, moon, and stars.", "the earth and all that is upon it,", "the seas and all that is in them;", "and You give life to all of them,", "and the heavenly hosts51These are the angelic beings that worship Adonoy. bow before You.", "You are Adonoy, the God", "Who chose Avrom,", "and brought him out of Ur Kasdim", "and established his name (as) Avrohom.52This was not a mere changing of names. Abraham was elevated and attained new stature as a patriarch by virtue of his new name.", "And You found his heart", "faithful before You,53This was demonstrated when he was ready to sacrifice Isaac.", "and You made the covenant with him54In some congregations, וכרות is recited responsively on the day of a circumcision. Consequently, some siddurim indicate that a new paragraph begins here. But it is actually a continuation of the verse.", "to give the land of the Canaanites,", "the Hittites, the Amorites, the Perizites,", "the Jebusites, and the Girgashites,", "to give to his seed;", "and You kept Your word,", "for You are righteous.", "And You saw the affliction", "of our fathers in Egypt,", "and their cry You heard", "at the Sea of Reeds.", "And You imposed signs and wonders", "against Pharaoh and all his servants", "and all the people of his land,", "for You knew", "that they acted malevolently against them;55Them, i.e., the Jews in Egypt.", "and (thus) You have made a name for Yourself,", "like this day.56The miracles and wonders of the Exodus have not and will not be forgotten. Each generation reaffirms its testimony to God's might against the Egyptians and thus the event remains as vivid and real as though it occurred today.", "And the sea, You split before them,", "and they went through the midst of the sea", "on the dry land;", "and their pursuers", "You hurled into the depths,", "like a stone into mighty waters.57Nechemyah 9:6-11" ], "Shiras Hayam": [ "In Temple times Shiras Hayam, the Song of the Sea, was sung by the Levites when the daily afternoon sacrifice was offered.1Maseches Rosh Hashanah 31a, mentions that the Ode was sung at Minchah on Shabbos. After the destruction, the Jews of the Holy Land continued the tradition, reciting the Shira at the end of the Pesukei Dezimrah. The custom spread to Italy and from there to other Jewish communities. This daily recital is mentioned by Rav Saadya Gaon but not as an obligatory part of the service. Rambam calls it a \"custom.\"2Hilchos Tefillah 7:13. Subsequently adopted by all communities, reciting the Shira became an integral part of our daily prayers.", "Some hold that the Shira should be chanted aloud while standing. It should be sung with joy as at the time of the Exodus. \"Sheloh\" writes that reciting the Shira atones for sin, so that if one wishes to repent a serious sin, he should recite the Shira every day with great fervor. The Zohar says, \"If one recites this song with elation and joy, he will be worthy to sing it in the next world. He will also be worthy to sing it when he greets the Messiah.\"", "On that day,3Even though they had been freed a week earlier, they were insecure, fearing that the Egyptians would capture and re-enslave them. Only when God had drowned the Egyptians were the Israelites psychologically free.—Seporno Adonoy delivered", "Israel from the hand of Egypt,", "and Israel saw the Egyptians", "dead on the seashore.", "And Israel saw the great hand4The use of the word “hand” or any physical attribute with regard to God is merely metaphorical, since God is in no way physical.", "which Adonoy wielded against Egypt,", "and the people feared Adonoy,", "and they believed in Adonoy,", "and that Moses was His servant.", "Then Moses and the Children of Israel sang", "this song to Adonoy,", "and they said:", "I will sing to Adonoy for He is most high;5When people praise a mortal, they often declare undeserved praise. But God is so great that any praise we offer is insufficient.—Rashi", "the horse with its rider, He threw into the sea.", "The strength and retribution of God", "was the cause of my deliverance;6This translation follows Rashi's commentary.", "this is my Almighty and I will glorify Him,", "God of my father and I will exalt Him.", "Adonoy is master of war", "Adonoy is His Name.", "Pharaoh's chariots and army,", "He hurled into the sea;", "and his elite officers were drowned", "in the Sea of Reeds.", "The deep waters covered them;", "they descended into the depths like stone.", "Your right hand Adonoy", "is adorned with power,", "Your right hand Adonoy crushes the enemy.", "And in Your great majesty,", "You destroyed Your opponents;", "You sent forth Your fury,", "it consumed them like straw.7This verse is also translated, “You will send forth Your fury: it will consume them like straw.” According to the Zohar, it thus refers to the time of the Resurrection, when God will destroy all the wicked.", "And with the wind from Your nostrils", "the waters were heaped up,", "flowing water stood erect like a wall;", "the deep waters congealed", "in the heart of the sea.8The water became hard as stone and the Egyptians were hurled against it with great force.—Rash i", "The enemy (Pharaoh) said:", "I will pursue [them], I will overtake [them],", "I will divide the spoils; I will satisfy myself;", "I will unsheathe my sword,", "my hand will destroy them.", "You blew with Your wind,", "the sea covered them;", "they sank like lead in the mighty waters.9Seporno and others interpret the verse to read: “They, the mighty, sank like lead in the waters,” “mighty,” referring to the Egyptian officers rather than to the waters.", "Who is like You among the mighty, Adonoy!", "who is like You?", "[You are] adorned in holiness,", "awesome in praise, performing wonders.10God is “awesome in praise” for we fear that all our praise will prove inadequate. In truth, it is impossible to praise God fully, and David therefore said (Psalms 65:2) “For You, silence is praise.”—Rashi", "You stretched out Your right hand,", "the earth swallowed them.", "You led in Your kindliness,", "the people whom You redeemed;", "You guided them with Your might", "to Your holy dwelling place.", "The peoples heard and trembled,", "pangs of fear gripped", "the inhabitants of Philistia.11The Philistines had killed the Ephraimites thirty years earlier when they left Egypt by force. The Philistines were thus gripped with terror when they heard that Israel had escaped from Egypt.—Rashi", "Then the chieftains of Edom panicked,", "the mighty men of Moab", "were seized with trembling,", "all the inhabitants of Canaan melted away.12Nations on all sides panicked: The Philistines to the west, the Edomites to the south, the Moabites to the east and the Canaanites to the north. The Philistines feared revenge. The Edomites panicked because they feared that Israel would now seek revenge for what Esau (Edom) had done to Jacob. The Moabites, the descendants of Lot, feared they would be punished because of the dispute between Lot and Abraham (Genesis 13:7). Canaan “melted away” because they realized that Israel was destined to take their land, and their astrologers told them that there was no way out.—Rabbeinu Bachya", "Terror and dread fall upon them;", "at the greatness of Your arm", "they were still as stone;", "until Your people cross over, Adonoy,", "until [they] cross over,13The two crossings are the respective crossings of the Arnon and the Jordan rivers before entering the Promised Land.—Onkelos", "—the people You have acquired.", "You will bring them and plant them14Moses here prophesied that he would not be entering the Promised Land, and he therefore prayed that God should bring the Jews into His inheritance.— Rashi", "on the mountain of Your inheritance,", "the place for Your habitation", "which You, Adonoy, have made;", "the Sanctuary, my Master,", "[which] Your hands established.15God's “habitat” on earth, the Holy Temple, is a parallel of the Holy Temple on high.—Rashi", "Adonoy will reign forever and ever.16This verse is not repeated in Exodus. But it is repeated in prayer to signify the end of the Ode, just as the last verse of Psalms 150 is repeated in the prayer whereas it is not repeated in the Book of Psalms.—Avudraham", "Adonoy will reign forever and ever.", "Adonoy! His sovereignty is established", "forever and to all eternity.17This verse is a paraphrase of the previous verse as found in Targum Onkelos.", "When Pharaoh's horses, with his chariots,", "and his horsemen, went into the sea,", "Adonoy turned back on them", "the waters of the sea;", "and the Children of Israel", "walked on dry land in the midst of the sea.18Exodus 14:30-15:19.", "For the kingship is Adonoy's", "and He rules over nations.19Psalms 22:29. The word “king” signifies one whose leadership is accepted freely by all his subjects. Therefore, in reference to Israel who willingly accept the Kingship of God, it says, “For the kingship is Adonoy's.” A “ruler,” however, is one who forcibly rules people, without their consent. Regarding the nations who do not willingly submit to Adonoy's Kingship, the Psalmist says, “And He rules over nations.”—Vilna Gaon", "And deliverers will go up to Mount Zion", "to judge Mount Esau,", "and the kingdom will be Adonoy's.20Ovadyah 1:21.", "And Adonoy will be King", "over the whole earth;", "on that day", "Adonoy will be One and His Name One.21Zecharyah 14:9. In the future, God will be recognized by all the nations of the world who will accept Him willingly as their King." ], "Yishtabach": [ "Rabbeinu Alfasi (Maseches Berachos 32) refers to Baruch She'amar as the opening blessing of the Pesukei Dezimrah, and Yishtabach as the concluding blessing.", "Praised be Your Name forever,1Your praise is unlimited in terms of time; You will be praised forever.—Ya'avetz our King,", "Almighty the great and holy King", "in heaven2Your praise is unlimited in terms of place; You will be praised in heaven as well as on earth.—Ya'avetz and on earth.", "For to You it is fitting [to offer]", "Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers,", "(forever,)", "song and praise, glorification and hymns,", "[to proclaim your] strength and dominion,", "victory, grandeur, and might,", "praise and glory,", "holiness and sovereignty,", "blessings and thanksgivings,3Fifteen words of praise and adoration are enumerated. Hebrew is remarkably rich in the vocabulary of adoration and worship. As Latin is the language of war and Greek of oratory, so is Hebrew the language of prayer.—Midrash", "to your great and holy name;", "and from the highest world to the lowest", "you are Almighty.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Almighty,", "King [Who is] great in [our] praise", "Almighty,", "of [to Whom we offer our] thanksgiving,", "Master of [Whom we praise for His] wonders,4These lines were translated according to the explanation of the Tzelosa d'Avrohom.", "creator of all souls", "master of all creatures", "the Selector of song-hymns,", "You are the only King,", "Almighty,", "Life of [all] the worlds.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence add:", "In this Psalm, said during the Ten Days of Penitence, the Jewish soul sings of the Jewish spirit ascending from the depths of the deepest misery of all, the burden of sin and guilt.", "A Song of Ascents.", "Out of the depths", "I have called to You, Adonoy.", "My Master, hear my voice;", "let Your ears be attentive", "to the voice of my supplications.", "If You God should take account of iniquities,", "my Master, who could survive?", "For with You is forgiveness,", "in order that You be feared.", "I hope for Adonoy, my soul hopes;", "and for His word, I wait.", "My soul [waits] for my Master", "more than the watchman [waits]", "for the morning,", "[more than] the watchman [waits]", "for the morning.", "Wait, Israel, upon Adonoy,", "for with Adonoy there is loving-kindness,", "and with Him there is much redemption.", "And He will redeem Israel", "from all its iniquities.", "The Half-Kaddish is recited by the Chazzan", "Here, as elsewhere in the Liturgy, the Half-Kaddish marks the end of a distinct section of the prayers, in this case, the Pesukei Dezimrah.", "It is called the Half-Kaddish, the final three verses of the complete Kaddish having been omitted.", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name", "in the world which He created", "according to His will", "and may He rule His kingdom", "bring forth His redemption", "and hasten the coming if His Messiah", "in your lifetime and in your days,", "and in the lifetime", "of the entire House of Israel,", "speedily and in the near future—", "and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed", "forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised,", "glorified, and exalted and uplifted,", "honored and elevated and extolled", "be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above)", "all the blessings and hymns,", "praises and consolations", "which we utter in the world—and say Amein." ], "The Blessings of Shema": [ "It has become a universally-accepted custom to recite Barechu before proceeding to the blessings of Shema. Barechu, like Kaddish and Kedushah, cannot be recited unless a quorum—a minyan of ten adult males—is present. Barechu is also said by one who is called upon to read from the Torah.", "The practice of saying Barechu is mentioned numerous times in the Talmud. It is even cited in the Mishna (Maseches Berachos 49b) in the names of Rabbi Akiva and Rabbi Yishmael.", "The Chazzan says:", "Bless Adonoy Who is blessed.", "The Congregation responds and the Chazzan repeats:", "Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed", "forever and ever.", "The two blessings יוֹצֵר אוֹר \"He Who forms light\" and אַהֲבָה רַבָּה \"Great love,\" are referred to as the blessings preceding Shema (Maseches Berachos 11a). According to Rambam they were formulated by Ezra and his Court (Laws of Shema 1:7). ", "You may not interrupt your prayers from this point on until after the Shemoneh Esrei. But you may answer \"Amein\" to the blessings of הָאֵל הַקָּדוֹשׁ \"The holy Powerful One\" and שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָּה \"He Who heeds prayer;\" say the thrice-repeated קָדוֹשׁ \"Holy …\" and בָּרוּךְ כְּבוֹד \"Blessed is the glory …\" of Kedushah; and answer Barechu. You may also answer אָמֵן יְהֵא שְׁמֵהּ רַבָּא \"Amein, May His great Name,\" when you hear Kaddish.\" You may also answer Amein after the blessings of יוֹצֵר הַמְּאוֹרוֹת, \"Who forms the luminaries,\" and הַבּוֹחֵר בְּעַמּוֹ יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּאַהֲבָה , \"Who chooses His people Israel with love.\" ", "For a more detailed exposition of these laws, see Metsudah Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, Vol. I, pp. 172-176.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Former1Forming, יוצר, is the act of refining or modifying an original substance, whereas, creating, בורא, refers to creating the original substance from nothing. For example, when one shapes a wooden table, to make it round, he “forms” the wood, the original substance which was “created.” Similarly, God “forms the light” which is His act of modifying or limiting the darkness He created.—Siddur HaGra of light,", "Creator of darkness,", "Maker2Making, עושה, is the act of completion, such as when one completes a table by painting it. Similarly, God's finishing touch of creation is “making peace,” the vessel that holds it all together, as stated in the Mishna, “God found no vessel to contain blessing other than peace.” לא מצא הקב״ה כלי מחזיק ברכה אלא השלום—Siddur HaGra of peace,", "Creator3The verse in Isaiah 45:7, on which this blessing is based concludes with the words, “and creates evil.” In His original creation, God created the potential for evil, which He constantly limits and controls as the Former and Maker.—Siddur HaGra of all things.", "He illuminates the earth", "[and provides light] for those who dwell on it", "with compassion;4God causes light to appear in stages, gradually. This is an act of great compassion for if He made it appear all at once, we would be overwhelmed and blinded by its brightness.— Avudraham", "and in His goodness", "renews every day, continually,5God is not a far-off observer of a mechanism which He created and ignores, but a Living Ruler, Who guides the universe and continually maintains it.", "the work of creation.", "How many are Your works, Adonoy;", "You made them all with wisdom,", "the earth is full of Your possessions.6Lit., Your acquisitions: See Genesis 14:22.", "The King Who alone is exalted from then,7I.e., before Creation, See p. 9: God was King before all creatures were created.", "Who is praised and glorified", "and uplifted,", "from the beginning of time.8I.e., after Creation. Ever since Creation, God has been praised and glorified by His creatures.", "Eternal God,", "in Your abundant mercy,", "have compassion on us,", "Master, Who is our strength,", "Rock, Who is our stronghold", "Shield, of our deliverance,", "[Be] a stronghold for us.", "The blessed Almighty, great in knowledge,", "prepared and made the rays of the sun.", "[The] Good [One] created [everything]", "for the glory of His Name:9See Isaiah 43:7: “All that is called by My Name, I have created for My glory.”—Avudraham", "the luminaries He set", "around His strength (His throne).", "The chiefs of His hosts are holy beings,10“Holy beings” are angels. In Hebrew, the word for angels means messenger, and includes all the instruments of Divine purpose, whether in human form, or in the forces of nature.—Kuzari", "the exalters of Shadai11A name of God (Genesis 17:1; 35:11; 43:14, etc.) which refers to His setting boundaries and limits throughout creation.", "continually recount the glory of the Almighty", "and His holiness.", "Be Blessed, Adonoy, our God,", "in the heavens above and on earth below", "for the excellent works of Your hands,12The Heavenly throne is thus conceived of as surrounded by angels and all the adoring heavenly bodies.—See Isaiah 6:12", "and for the light-giving luminaries", "which You formed;", "they will glorify You forever.13Those of His creatures capable of praising Him do so. The rest are evidence of His astonishing wisdom and arouse the others to praise Him.", "Be blessed eternally our Former,14Some render צורנו “our Rock.” The Gaon of Vilna, however, maintains that it refers to God as our Creator, thus describing Him in the tri-epochal aspect of His Unity: past, present, and future. He was our Creator, He is our King, and He will be our Redeemer. our King,", "and our Redeemer—Creator of holy beings.15These are the Jewish People, who are sanctified in body and soul. The word Creator implies a creation of real substance—the Jewish People rather than angels.—Vilna Gaon", "Praised be Your Name forever, our King,", "Who forms ministering angels;", "and Whose ministering angels", "all stand at the height of the Universe,", "and proclaim with reverence, in unison aloud", "the words of the living God,", "King of the Universe.", "All of them are beloved,16Beloved—there is no envy, jealousy or rivalry among them. Pure—they have no selfish or ulterior motives; they serve God with all their being.—Siddur HaGra", "all of them are pure,", "all of them are mighty;", "all are holy", "and all of them perform", "with awe and reverence", "the will of their Possessor.", "And they all open their mouths", "in holiness and purity,", "with song and music,", "and they bless, and praise, and glorify,", "and revere, and sanctify,", "and proclaim the sovereignty of—", "the Name of the Almighty, the King,", "the Great, the Mighty, the awesome One;", "holy17Despite the attributes we use to describe Him, He remains holy—beyond our conception. is He.", "And they all take upon themselves", "the yoke18The yoke of Divine Sovereignty is borne willingly and joyfully by each creature as an emblem of his free service to God.—S.R. Hirsch of Divine sovereignty", "one from the other,", "and lovingly give leave to one another19They take care not to precede one another in their praise of God. On the contrary, each says to the other, “You begin, because you are greater and more worthy than I.”—Avos of R’ Nosson", "to sanctify their Former", "in a spirit of serenity", "with clear speech and pleasantness,20The clear speech of the angels is the holy tongue (pure Hebrew).—Ya'avetz", "all exclaim Kedushah in unison, with awe,", "and reverently exclaim:", "Holy, holy, holy", "is Adonoy of Hosts,", "the fullness of all the earth is His glory.21Isaiah 6:3. Targum Yonoson paraphrases this verse: “Holy [is God] in the highest heights of heaven, the abode of His Divine Presence; holy upon earth, the work of His almighty power; holy [is He] forever and for all eternity.” The Talmud, (Masechcs Chulin 91b) refers to this verse as the “Sanctification of the Angels.” According to Avudraham and Ya'avetz; this Kedushah has been inserted here to refute those who maintain that God relinquished His control over the heavenly bodies, and they are now able to function independently. We are therefore told that all the heavenly hosts proclaim God's sanctification and dominion over all the universe.", "And the Ofanim22Ofanim, Chayos haKodesh, and Serafim are various classes of Angels. Ofanim denotes animated wheels as conceived in association with the Heavenly throne. (Avudraham); Chayos are those angels who exist eternally (Ya'avetz; some angels exist only for short times for specific functions.) Serafim indicate “beings of fire.” and the holy Chayos,", "with a mighty sound rise", "toward the Serafim.", "Facing them, they offer praise and say,", "Blessed is the glory of Adonoy", "from His place.23Ezekiel 3:12. According to the Kuzari, God's glory is a euphemism for God Himself. Thus the verse means, “Blessed is Adonoy from His place,” conveying this concept: God is more blessed (i.e., greater) than His place; He is not confined to any place. Another view set forth in the Kuzari is that “God's glory” includes the angels. His throne, His chariot, the firmament, and the spheres. These are called God's glory, similar to a king's retinue, which is his royal splendor.", "To the Blessed Almighty,", "they24The angels. offer pleasant melodies;", "to the King, the Almighty,", "[Who is] living and enduring,", "they utter hymns", "and make praises heard.", "For He alone, exalted and holy", "is the Performer of mighty deeds,", "Maker of new things;", "Master of battles,", "Sower of acts of righteousness,25Rabbi Pinchos ben Ya'ir was given two measures of barley for safekeeping. The owner forgot about it for a number of years. Rabbi Pinchos ben Ya'ir planted the barley seed, and each year replanted the previous year's harvest until it grew to be a substantial crop. After seven years, the owner returned to claim his two measures of barley and Rabbi Pinchos told him, “Come I will show you the great fortune you have accumulated.” God does the same with the good and righteous deeds of man. He sows each righteous deed, and when the person is ready to receive his reward, God returns the original righteous investment plus all the accumulated dividends.—Midrash Rabba, Deuteronomy 3:6", "Causer of deliverance to sprout forth;", "Creator of cures.", "Awesome in praise, Master of wonders,", "He renews in His goodness,", "each day, continuously,26Since the blessing began with the praise of God as the Former of light Who continually renews the creation, it concludes on the same note.", "the work of creation,", "as it is said: \"[Give thanks to Him]", "Who makes the great luminaries,\"", "for His kindness is everlasting.\"27Psalms 136:7.", "(and He fashioned the luminaries,", "bringing joy to the world He created)", "Shine a new light upon Zion,28We pray that we will be worthy of enjoying the original light of creation, which God put aside for the righteous in the future world.—Ya'avetz", "and may we all soon be privileged", "to [enjoy] its brightness.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Former of the luminaries.29When reciting this blessing, bear in mind that even though the heavenly spheres appear immense to us and we attach much importance to them because of the vital functions they perform, in the eyes of their Creator they are no greater than worms. On the contrary, His wisdom and providence are more acutely recognized in an ant or bee because, in spite of their minuteness, they are endowed with a complex of faculties and organs.—Kuzari", "In the second of the blessings that precede Shema we praise God for His goodness in giving us His Torah, and pray for His help in the study of Torah. None of our petitions for the material goods of life approaches the fervor of this prayer for knowledge of the Torah and steadfastness in obeying it.", "[With] everlasting love You have loved us30The Kuzari writes, “When reciting the blessing ׳Unbounded Love’ אהבה רבה, one should bear in mind that God's Divine influence is especially directed at the Jewish People who receive it as naturally as a mirror receives rays of light. He should also bear in mind that the Torah is the expression of God's will and through it He establishes His dominion on earth as in heaven. Whenever an individual or a community attains a high degree of spiritual purity, they become worthy of receiving the Divine light to guide their destiny in a miraculous manner far removed from the ordinary course of events which affect the world. This special relationship with the Creator is called “love.”", "Adonoy, our God;", "[With] great and abundant pity31God bestowed His great and abundant pity on us after we sinned in making the golden calf. He not only pardoned us, but gave us the Second Tablets and ordained the construction of the Tabernacle (Mishkan) for His Divine Presence to dwell among us.—Siach Yitzchok", "have You pitied us.", "Our Father, our King!", "for the sake of your great Name", "and for the sake of our forefathers", "who trusted in You,", "and whom You taught statutes of life,", "carry out your will", "with a perfect heart,", "so too, be gracious to us and teach us.", "Our Father, merciful Father,", "Who acts with compassion", "have compassion on us", "and put into our hearts", "[comprehension] to understand", "and to be intellectually creative,", "to listen, to learn, and to teach,", "to preserve, to practice, and to fulfill32We preserve the Torah by not forgetting its teachings; we practice the commandments and we fulfill them by making them permanent parts of our lives.—Siach Yitzchok", "all the words of instruction in Your Torah", "with love.", "And enlighten our eyes in Your Torah,", "and cause our hearts to hold fast", "to Your commandments,", "and unify33Make us single-hearted and undivided in our love and reverence of Your Name. Keep us from distraction of personal thoughts and selfish motives.—Siach Yitzchok our hearts", "to love and fear Your Name;", "and may we not be subject to shame,34When one has to receive a favor that is completely undeserved, he feels a sense of shame. We therefore pray to God, that our redemption will not be “handed out” to us without merit and cause us to be ashamed. We proclaim that since we “trusted in His Name” and accepted the bitterness of our exile our deliverance is not totally undeserved.—Siach Yitzchok", "disgrace or stumbling", "forever", "for in Your holy Name—", "great, mighty and awesome—", "have we trusted;", "may we exult and rejoice in Your deliverance.", "And may Your mercy Adonoy our God,", "and Your abundant kindness", "never forsake us.", "Hasten and bring upon us", "blessing and peace quickly", "from the four corners of the earth", "break the yoke of the nations", "from our neck", "and speedily lead us", "upright35May we return from our exile with our heads held high, not in meekness.—Siach Yitzchok to our land.", "Because, You are the Almighty,", "Who performs acts of deliverance,36Even if we do not deserve to be saved in our own merit, save us anyhow because You perform acts of deliverance.", "and You have chosen us37At the moment God gave the Torah to the Jews at Sinai, we became His chosen people and were brought close to Him for eternity.—Siach Yitzchok", "from among all peoples and tongues,", "and You have brought us near our king", "to Your great Name, forever in truth;", "with love, that we may give thanks38These final words complete the prayer begun earlier: “Bring us in peace, and lead us upright to our land, so that we may give thanks to You, and proclaim Your Oneness, with love.—S.Y. to You,", "and proclaim Your Oneness, with love.", "and love Your Name.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who chooses His people Israel with love." ], "Recitation of Shema": [ "The recitation of Shema was part of the daily worship in the Holy Temple, and our Sages ordained that it be recited in the synagogue service, providing it a central place in the morning and evening prayers of each Jew. Its importance may be judged from the fact that the very first Mishnah in the Oral Torah opens with the question, \"From what time may the evening Shema be read?\"", "In reading Shema, bear in mind that you are performing a Scriptural commandment. All three paragraphs should be read with kavanah, concentrated intention, on what you are saying. The entire Shema should be recited in awe and reverence as it proclaims the existence and unity of God; the Jews' complete dedication to God and His commandments; the belief in Divine justice; the remembrance of the Exodus and the selection of the Jews as God's Chosen People. These concepts are the pillars of the Jewish faith. Whenever this sign (°) appears (e.g. בְּכָל֯־לְ֯בָבְךָ), it indicates that you should be careful to pronounce each word distinctly. In many instances, the last letter of the first word and first letter of the second word are the same, the words might be read as one, which is not the proper way to fulfill the mitzvah of Kerias Shema. ", "The following three words should be said when praying without a minyan:", "(Almighty, faithful King)", "Hear, Israel:", "Adonoy is our God,", "Adonoy is One.1Deuteronomy 6:4. It is customary to recite this verse aloud, the ear hearing what the lips utter. This helps one concentrate on the meaning of this important declaration. Interestingly, the last letter of the first word שמע and last letter of אחד arc written larger than the others. These two letters form the word עד “witness”—i.e., every Jew by saying Shema testifies to God's oneness.—Avudraham
Customarily one closes his eyes when pronouncing this testimony in order to shut out all distractions, and to concentrate all of one's thoughts on God's oneness. The last word, אחד, “One,” is to be said with special emphasis, drawing it out for the length of time needed to reflect that God, the Giver and Sustainer of life Whose Providence guides the destinies of all men, is the unique God of Israel, that He is alone in His world, ruling all four corners of the universe.", "The following two lines are to be said silently:", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom", "is forever and ever.2Jacob wished to reveal to his sons the ‘end of the days,׳ whereupon the Shechinah departed from him. Said he, “Perhaps, Heaven forbid! there is one unfit among my children.” His sons exclaimed to him, “Hear Israel” etc., just as there is only One in your heart so is there only One in our heart. Ben Lakish explained that Jacob said, “Blessed [is His] Name” in response to his sons’ exclamation. The Sages wondered, “Shall we recite it aloud when our teacher Moses did not say it? Shall we not say it at all, when Jacob ordained it?” Thus, the Rabbis enacted that it be said quietly.—Maseches Pesachim 56a.
When Moses went up to the heavens, he heard the angels praise God by saying, “Blessed [is His] Name, etc.” When he returned to earth, he taught it to the Jewish People. We say it in an undertone so as not to offend the angels. On Yom Kippur however, when we are considered like angels, we are permitted to say ברוך שם aloud.—Midrash Rabba to Deuteronomy", "And you shall love Adonoy your God", "with all your heart3Our Sages (Sifrei to Deuteronomy 31) explain “With all your heart” to mean “With all your desires—including the evil inclination,” i.e., subject your earthly passions and ambitions to God's Law and make them instruments for His service.", "and with all your soul4The Sages (ibid.) take these words to mean “With your whole life—even to the last drop of blood.” It was such an understanding that led Rabbi Akiva to say, when the executioner was tearing his flesh with iron hooks, “All my life, I have longed for this moment. I have loved God with all my heart and with all my might; and now at last, I can love Him with my whole life.” It was this concept that gave Jewish martyrs the courage to lay down their lives for their faith.", "and with all your possessions.5The Sages (ibid.) explain, “With whatever lot Providence has assigned to you,” i.e., despite whatever material sacrifice your loyalty to God and to Torah might entail.", "And these words", "which I command you today,6The teachings of the Torah should be ever fresh in your minds, as though you received it today.—Ibid.", "shall be upon your heart.", "And you shall teach them sharply7See to it that your children have a clear, and not a confused, stammering knowledge of the Torah.—Ibid.", "to your children.", "And you shall discuss them", "when you sit in your house,", "and when you travel on the road,", "and when you lie down and when you rise.", "And you shall bind them for a sign", "upon your hand,", "and they shall be for totafos", "between your eyes.", "And you shall write them", "upon the doorposts of your house", "and upon your gateways.8Deuteronomy 6:5-9. This paragraph contains 10 commandments: 1) accepting the “yoke” of heaven; 2) proclaiming the Unity of God; 3) loving God; 4) studying Torah (and you shall speak of them); 5) teaching your children; 6-7) reciting Shema in the evening and in the morning; 8-9) putting on the tefillin of the hand and head; 10) putting up mezuzos on the door-posts.", "And it will be—", "if you vigilantly obey My commandments", "which I command you this day,", "to love Adonoy your God,", "and serve Him", "with your entire hearts9The service of the heart is prayer, as David said (Psalms 141:2) “May my prayers be acceptable to You as an incense [service].”", "and with your entire souls—", "that I will give rain for your land", "in its proper time,10God will make it rain at night so as not to cause you discomfort.—Rashi", "the early (autumn) rain", "and the late (spring) rain;11Reward and punishment are here connected with the rainfalls vital to the Land of Israel. The heavy rains which open the growing season in the fall and the showers which fall while the grain is ripening are of utmost importance.", "and you will harvest your grain", "and your wine and your oil.", "And I will put grass", "in your fields for your cattle,", "and you will eat and be satisfied.", "Beware lest your hearts be swayed12One who is satisfied can easily be induced to forget the Source of his fullness.—Rashi", "and you turn astray,", "and you worship alien gods", "and bow to them.", "And Adonoy's fury will blaze among you,", "and He will close off the heavens", "and there will be no rain", "and the earth will not yield its produce;", "and you will perish swiftly13No extension will be given. The “generation of the flood” was granted a reprieve of 120 years (Genesis 6:3) because they did not have from whom to learn; but you do have from whom to learn.—Sifrei, cited by Rashi", "from the good land", "which Adonoy gives you.", "Place these words of Mine14Even in exile you must fulfill God's commandments—Sifrei cited by Rashi", "upon your hearts and upon your souls,—", "and bind them for a sign", "upon your hands,", "and they shall be for totafos", "between your eyes.15Between your eyes is not to be taken literally. The correct position of the phylactery of the head (shel rosh) is at the edge of the hair line directly above the place which is between the eyes.", "And you shall teach them to your sons,", "to speak them16From the moment your son knows how to talk, begin teaching him the Torah.—Rashi.", "when you sit in your house,", "and when you travel on the road,", "and when you lie down and when you rise.", "And you shall write them", "upon the doorposts of your house", "and upon your gateways.", "In order that your days be prolonged,", "and the days of your children,", "upon the land", "which Adonoy swore to your fathers", "to give them [for as long]", "as the heavens are above the earth.", "And Adonoy spoke to Moses saying:", "Speak to the children of Israel,", "and tell them17Rabbi Yehuda bar Chaviva said that this third section was added to Shema because of six important things contained therein: 1. the commandment of fringes, 2. mention of the Exodus, 3. the call to assume the yoke of God׳s commandments, 4. the warning against heretical concepts, 5. the warning against straying after sinful desires, and 6. the warning against idolatrous worship.—Maseches Berachos 12b", "to make for themselves fringes", "on the corners of their garments", "throughout their generations;", "and they will place with the fringes", "of each corner", "a thread of blue.", "And it will be to you for fringes,", "and you will look upon it", "and you will remember", "all the commandments of Adonoy,18Rabbi Meir says: “The blue thread of the fringes resembles the sea, the sea reflects the heavens, and heavens resemble the Throne of Glory” (Sifrei). The outward act of looking upon the tzitzis leads the Jew to inward spiritual conformity with the precepts of God.", "and you will perform them;", "and you will not turn aside after your hearts19The heart and the eyes of a person are the agents of sin—the eye sees, the heart desires, and thus the person sins —Tanchuma cited by Rashi.", "and after your eyes", "which cause you to go astray.", "In order that you will remember", "and perform all My commandments;", "and you will be holy unto your God.", "I am Adonoy, your God,", "Who brought you out", "of the land of Egypt", "to be your God:", "I am Adonoy, your God—20Numbers 15:37-41.", "You must be careful to connect the last words of Shema, ה' אֱלֺקֵיכֶם (Adonoy, your God), with the word אמת (is true) without pause or interruption so that these three words form one sentence, meaning \"Adonoy your God is true\" (Maseches Berachos 13a).", "—is true—", "The chazan repeats:", "Adonoy, your God, is true.", "The following prayer, which culminates with גָאַל יִשְׂרָאַל, Who redeemed Israel, constitutes the \"Blessing after Shema\" mentioned in the Talmud (Maseches Berachos 11a). It is also mentioned in Maseches Tamid (32b) as part of the morning service in the Temple.", "—and firm,", "certain and enduring,", "upright and faithful,", "beloved and cherished,", "desired and pleasant,21The Jew declares his commitment to God, and states that His precepts are not forced upon him. On the contrary, they are beloved, cherished, delightful and pleasant to him.—Siach Yitzchok", "awesome and mighty,", "correct22The teachings of Torah are correct in their totality. They lack nothing and are eternally valid for all situations.—Siach Yitzchok and acceptable,23Even those precepts that are not easily understood and appear to contradict human nature, are accepted by us.—Siach Yitzchok", "good and beautiful", "is this24All that was affirmed above in Shema. [affirmation] to us for all eternity.", "It is true,", "that the God of the Universe, is our King,", "the Stronghold of Jacob", "is the Shield of our deliverance.", "Throughout the generations", "He endures and His Name endures,", "and His throne is confirmed;", "and His sovereignty and His faithfulness", "endure forever.25After having affirmed that all that was said in Shema is true, firm, certain, enduring, etc., we take an oath and testify that we accept the “yoke of heaven” upon ourselves as did our fathers before us and as will our children after us, forever and ever. Thus we say in the following prayer: “For our fathers, for us, for our children and for our descendants—Your word is good and lasting—a Law that will never be abrogated.”—Kuzari", "His words are alive and enduring,", "faithful and desirable", "forever and to all eternity;", "for our fathers and for us,", "for our children and for our generations,", "and for all generations", "of the seed of Israel, Your servants.", "Upon the first and upon the last, [generations]", "[it is] a matter that is good and everlasting.", "It is true and faithful,", "a Law that will never be abrogated.", "Truly you Adonoy, are", "our God, and the God of our fathers,", "our King the King of our fathers,", "our Redeemer, Redeemer of our fathers,", "our Former, Rock of our deliverance;", "our Liberator and our Saver", "which is Your Name from old,", "and we have no other God", "besides You, ever.", "The help26The word help indicates that the recipient also participated in his rescue, whereas the words shield and deliverer indicate that the rescue was made without any help from the rescued party. Our fathers who were righteous, participated in their rescue, and God “helped” them. Since we are not that righteous, God shields and delivers us even though we have no merit.—Siach Yitzchok of our fathers", "You have always been.", "A Shield and a Deliverer", "to them and their children after them", "in every generation.", "The heights of the universe,", "is Your habitation,", "and Your judgments and Your righteousness", "[reach] to the ends of the earth.27Alternatively: “Affect mankind to the end of earthly time.”—Avudraham", "Truly fortunate is man", "who heeds Your commandments;", "and Your Torah and Your word28Your Torah” means the basic concepts of the Torah itself, and “Your word” refers to ethical concepts, derived from events described in the Torah and by the Prophets.—Siach Yitzchok", "he takes to his heart.", "Truly, You are the Master of Your people", "and a mighty King to defend their cause.", "for the fathers and [their] sons:", "Truly, You are First", "and You are Last,29We refer to God as First and Last only in order to preclude the notion that anything existed before Him, and to repudiate the idea that there is an end to His existence. We do not assert that He has a beginning or a fixed term.—Kuzari", "and besides You", "we have no king, redeemer, or deliverer.", "Truly Your redeemed us from Egypt.", "Adonoy, our God,", "from the house of bondage You liberated us.", "All their firstborn You slew,", "and Israel, Your firstborn, You redeemed.30See Exodus 4:22.", "The Sea of Reeds, You split", "and the wicked, You drowned.", "You caused the beloved ones to pass through,", "while the waters covered their enemies;", "not one of them remained.", "Because of this, the beloved ones praised", "and exalted the Almighty;", "and the beloved ones offered", "hymns, songs, and praises,", "blessings and thanksgiving", "to the King, the Almighty,", "[Who is] living and enduring.", "(He is) exalted and uplifted,", "great and awesome;", "He humbles the haughty to the ground.", "and raises the lowly,31God humbled the Egyptians who were haughty and raised high the Jews who had been lowly captives in Egypt. to the heights.", "He frees the captives", "and redeems the humble,", "(and) helps the impoverished,32God also helps those who are spiritually impoverished.—Rabbi Yehuda ben Yakar", "and He answers His people Israel", "when they cry out to Him.", "Praises to the most high Almighty", "their redeemer,", "blessed is He,33Intrinsically. and He is blessed.34By others.", "Moses and the Children of Israel", "sang a song to You with great joy,", "and they all proclaimed:", "Who is like You among the mighty, Adonoy!", "Who is like You—", "[You are] adorned in holiness,", "awesome in praise, performing wonders!", "With a new song the redeemed people praised", "Your great Name at the seashore!", "All of them in unison", "gave thanks", "and proclaimed Your sovereignty,", "and said:", "Adonoy will reign forever and ever.", "Rock of Israel,", "arise to the aid of Israel,", "and liberate", "Judah and Israel as You promised.35As it is said, “And a redeemer will come to Zion and to those of Jacob who repent of their transgression, said Adonoy” (Isaiah 59:20).", "Our Redeemer—", "‘Adonoy of hosts' is His Name,", "the Holy One of Israel", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who redeemed36While God is always referred to as the Redeemer of Israel, this blessing utilizes the past tense, “Who redeemed Israel,” as it refers specifically to our redemption from Egypt.—Tzelosa d'Avrohom
Our faith in the Redeemer of Israel, Who redeemed us from Egypt, and our hope that He will redeem us from exile, give us the spiritual energy and courage to stand before Him, to pray and beseech Him for our needs, as we proceed to the Amidah.—Yesodos HaTefillah Israel.", "Fundamentals of Kuzari, (Metsudah Publications, 1979) pages 269, 271, 273.", "When reciting Shemoneh Esrei, you must adhere to these rules:", "1. Before beginning the prayer, take three steps backwards and then return to your former position. Upon completing the prayer, take three steps backwards and return.", "2. Keep your feet together.", "3. Concentrate on the meaning of the words you are uttering. Remove all distracting thoughts and worries from your mind.", "4. You may not interrupt Shemoneh Esrei by talking, not even by answering Amein. If you should hear Kedushah, Kaddish, or Barechu while saying the Shemoneh Esrei, you should remain silent and listen to the Chazzan's words.", "5. At the beginning and end of the first blessing, at the beginning and end of the blessing that begins: \"We are thankful to You,\" (page 133) and ends with \"The Beneficent is Your Name,\" (page 140) we half-kneel and bow in the following manner: At the word \"Blessed,\" bend your knees; at the word \"You,\" bend forward until the vertebrae of your spinal cord are loosened; at \"Adonoy,\" return to your upright position in keeping with the verse, \"Adonoy straightens the bent\" (Psalms 146:8).", "6. Each individual recites Shemoneh Esrei in silence. Only the prayer leader, the Chazzan, ever recites it aloud, and then only after the entire congregation, himself included, has recited it silently." ], "Shemoneh Esrei": [ "My Master,1When God's name is spelled Alef-Daled-Nun-Yud it means “my Master”, i.e., it is a personal declaration of the person uttering it. When it is spelled Yud-Hey-Vov-Hey, it indicates God as the Creator of all.—Avudraham open my lips,", "and my mouth will declare Your praise.2Psalms 51:17.", "THE VIRTUE OF OUR FOREFATHERS", "Blessed3The first blessing of Shemoneh Esrei contains eighteen expressions of praise which parallel the Eighteen Benedictions. are You, Adonoy,", "our God, and God of our fathers,", "God of Abraham, God of Isaac,", "and God of Jacob,", "the Almighty,", "the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome,", "most high Almighty,", "Who bestows beneficent kindness,", "Who possesses everything,", "Who remembers the piety of the Patriarchs,", "and Who brings a redeemer", "to their children's children,", "for the sake of His Name, with love.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add:", "Remember us for life", "King, Who desires life;", "and inscribe us in the Book of Life,", "for Your sake, Living God.)4We ask God for life so that we can fulfill His purpose in creating us, i.e., to observe and fulfill His commandments.", "If you forgot to say this, and became aware of your omission before saying the blessing,you should recite it. If you have already said \"Blessed are You Adonoy,\" you must continue the prayers without saying \"Remember.\"", "King, Helper, and Deliverer and Shield.5God is a helper in all the fortunes of life by giving us the necessary energy and talents to succeed. He delivers us from both moral and physical suffering, and He shields us by keeping tragedy and evil influences from us.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Shield of Abraham.6These words complete the first blessing of Shemoneh Esrei called “Avos” (Patriarchs). And here too we bend our knees and bow when saying, “Blessed are You.” The major theme of this section is to praise God as “the Great”, as manifested in the Divine protection and providence He gave to the Patriarchs, of whom Abraham was the first.—Vilna Gaon", "DIVINE MIGHT", "You are mighty forever,7God's rule of the world is permanent and perpetual.—Kuzari my Master;", "You are the Resurrector of the dead8This is the emphatic expression of our belief in the immortality of the soul.—Kuzari", "the Powerful One9This passage begins the section of Shemoneh Esrei called “Gevuros” (Might) and its major theme is to praise God as “the Mighty One.” Who alone restores man to life, health, freedom, and well-being.—Vilna Gaon to deliver us.", "From the Musaf of the first day of Pesach until the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres one should say:", "He causes the dew to descend.", "From the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres until the Musaf of the first day of Pesach you should say:", "Causer of the wind to blow", "and of the rain to fall.10God's might is as much manifested in causing the rain as it is in reviving the dead. In fact the Talmud (Maseches Taanis 7a) declares in the name of Rabbi Avohu: “The day when rain falls is greater than the day of the resurrection of the dead.” Rabbi Yochanan said, (Ibid, 2a): “There are three ׳keys’ which God retains in His own hands and does not entrust to any emissary: the key to rain, the key to childbirth, and the key to the resurrection of the dead.”", "If you neglected to say this, and became aware of your omission before saying the blessing מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים, \"the Resurrector of the dead,\" you must say it at that time. If you reminded yourself after saying וְנֶאֱמָן אַתָּה \"You are faithful,\" you must repeat it and then complete the blessing of מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים. If you became aware of your omission after starting the blessing אַתָּה קָדוֹשׁ \"You are holy,\" even if you only said the word \"You,\" say the Shemoneh Esrei from the beginning. If during the first thirty days after Shemini Atzeres you are in doubt whether you said it, you must assume that you didnot say it. After thirty days, however, since you have become accustomed to saying it, you may assume that you recited the proper phrase and you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei.", "Sustainer of the living with kindliness,", "Resurrector of the dead11The most extraordinary manifestation of God's might—to our perception—is when He restores the dead to life. Avudraham writes that the three following praises represent various examples of how God restores life to those who arc near death. When a person falls (either physically or morally) he is often near death; thus, when God supports the fallen he restores their lives. When a person is sick, he often faces death, so when God heals the sick He restores their lives. A person who is imprisoned—i.e., confined—is like dead; thus when God releases the imprisoned He restores their lives. with great mercy,", "Supporter of the fallen,", "and Healer of the sick,", "and Releaser of the imprisoned,", "and Fulfiller of His faithfulness", "to those who sleep in the dust.12Just as God shows His faithfulness to the living, so too will He keep faith with the dead who lie in the dust. Others say that “Those who sleep in the dust” refers to the Patriarchs; God will remember the oath He made to them and keep His promises to them.—Avudraham", "Who is like You, Master of mighty deeds,", "and who can be compared to You?", "King Who causes death and restores life,", "and causes deliverance to sprout forth.13Deliverance will “grow” in stages rather than all at once.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add:", "Who is like You merciful Father,", "Who remembers His creatures for life,", "in His mercy)", "If you forgot to say this, the same law applies as above concerning \"Remember us for life.\"", "And You are faithful14How remarkable is the Jew's conviction of God's faithfulness. When the Chazzan says the blessing of “Resurrector of the dead,” the Jew responds, “Amein” even though he has not seen God restore the dead to life; when the Chazzan says the blessing “Redeemer of Israel,” he responds “Amein”, even though he has not yet been delivered; and when the Chazzan says the blessing “Builder of Jerusalem,” he responds “Amein” even though Jerusalem has not yet been rebuilt.—Midrash Tanchuma", "to restore the dead to life.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Resurrector of the dead.", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei, the Kedushah is said here)", "Kedushah", "The Congregation says and the Chazzan repeats:", "We will hallow and revere You", "as [with] the sweet words", "of the company of the holy Seraphim15The Angels.", "who thrice repeat \"holy\" unto You,", "as is written by the hand of Your prophet,16Isaiah 6:3.", "And they called one to another, and said:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "‘Holy, holy, holy,", "is Adonoy of Hosts,", "the fullness of all the earth is His glory.'\"", "The Chazzan says:", "Those facing them say \"Boruch...\"", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "Blessed is the glory of Adonoy", "from its place17Ezekiel 3:12.", "The Chazzan says:", "And in Your Holy Words it is written:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "Adonoy will reign forever;", "Your God, Zion, throughout all generations!", "Praise God.18Psalms 146:10.", "DIVINE SANCTIFICATION", "You are holy and Your Name is holy", "and holy beings", "praise You every day, forever.", "For a great and Almighty King—", "great and holy—are You.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, continue at the asterisk (*) below", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "the Almighty, the Holy One.19This blessing completes the section of Shemoneh Esrei called Kedushah (Holiness) which emphasizes that God is indeed awesome.", "*During the Ten Days of Penitence:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "the King, the Holy One.", "If you mistakenly said, \"the Almighty\" instead of \"the King,\" or if you are in doubt—if you realized your error after a lapse of time sufficient to utter a three word greeting (Shalom Aleichem Rebbe), or if you had already started the next blessing, you must say the Shmoneh Esrei from the beginning. If you became aware of your error before that, you should immediately say \"the King the Holy One\" and continue your prayers.", "PRAYER FOR UNDERSTANDING", "You favor man with perception20The blessing “You favor man with perception” begins the group of thirteen petitions which make up the “intermediate” section of Shemoneh Esrei. The first six petitions (blessings 4-9) are for our individual needs and well-being: understanding, repentance, forgiveness of sins, deliverance from trouble, from illness, and from want. Though these six petitions are of a personal nature, they voice the needs of all mankind. Note that the worshipper prays for his spiritual needs—knowledge, repentance, and forgiveness before he prays for his physical wants.", "and teach mankind understanding.", "Grant us from Your", "wisdom, understanding and knowledge.21Wisdom is essential to spiritual development, and we pray that God grant us understanding in order to fulfill the duties incumbent on us as Jews.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Grantor of perception.", "PRAYER FOR PENITENCE", "Cause us to return,22The goal of wisdom is the realization of man's true relationship to his Maker. Wisdom should be used for Torah study and Divine service. our Father,", "to Your Torah", "and bring us near, our King, to Your service;", "and bring us back", "in whole-hearted repentance23Since the Sages say, “Repent the day before you die” (Maseches Avos 2:10), and every day may be our last, we petition God daily for Divine guidance in repenting. before You", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who desires penitence.24Repentance in Judaism implies regret for past misconduct and firm resolve for correct conduct in the future. God holds out His hand to the erring sinner and leads him back to righteousness, as the Talmud (Maseches Yoma 38b) declares, הבא ליטהר מסיעין אותו. God desires penitence as it is written, “I do not desire the death of the wicked: but (rather) that the wicked return from his way and live” (Ezekiel 33:11).", "PRAYER FOR PARDON", "Pardon25Sin can only be pardoned after repentance. Hence, the order of these two petitions. Even if a person was the worst of sinners, his supplication (after repentance) makes him fit to receive Divine mercy and helps him attain it—R’ Yosef Albo us, our Father, for we have sinned,", "forgive us, our King,", "for we have transgressed;26Error, חטא, is the result of carelessness, ignorance, or weakness; sin, פשע, is a deliberate disregard of moral or religious duty.", "for you are a good and forgiving almighty.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Gracious One, Who pardons abundantly.27“Let the wicked forsake his way, and the man of iniquity, his thoughts. Let him return to Adonoy and He will have mercy upon him; and to our God for He abundantly pardons” (Isaiah 55:7).", "PRAYER FOR REDEMPTION", "Look, please, upon our affliction,", "and defend our cause:", "and redeem us", "speedily28As an outgrowth of our penitence and our forgiveness we pray that we may be deemed worthy of Divine redemption.—Kuzari with complete redemption", "for the sake of Your Name;", "because You are a Mighty Redeemer.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Redeemer of Israel.", "(On Fast Days, the Chazzan says \"Answer us\" and concludes, \"Blessed are ... Who responds at times of trouble.\") ", "PRAYER FOR HEALING", "Heal us,29After the petitions for our spiritual needs we pray for earthly blessings—for health of body and soul, and for food to maintain our strength.—Kuzari Adonoy, and we will be healed,", "deliver us and we will be delivered;", "for You are our praise.", "Grant a cure and healing", "to all our sickness", "and to all our pain", "and to all our affliction", "If you wish to pray for the recovery of a sick person, you may do so here.", "May it be Your will,", "Adonoy, our God, and the God of our fathers,", "that You send, quickly,", "a complete recovery from the heavens,", "healing for the soul,", "and healing for the body,", "for the ailing", "(name)", "son/daughter of", "(mother's name)", "among the ailing of Israel.", "because You are the Almighty, King,", "Who is a faithful and merciful Healer.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Healer of the sick of His people Israel.", "PRAYER FOR PROSPERITY", "Bless for us, Adonoy our God,", "this year", "and all the varieties of its produce", "for good;", "and bestow", "From the first say of Pesach until the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, we say the following line.", "blessing", "From the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, until the First day of Pesach, we say the following line.", "dew and rain for a blessing*", "upon the face of the earth;", "satisfy us from Your bounty30According to the Gaon of Vilna, the petition here reads מטובה, “Satisfy us from its bounty”, referring to the bounty of Eretz Yisroel.", "for you are generous Almighty", "who bestows goodness", "and blesses the years.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Blesser of the years.", "* If you forgot to say this and became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you may say it at that time and conclude the blessing. If you became aware of your omission after saying the blessing, continue the prayers, and before concluding the 16th blessing שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָּה, \"Who heeds prayer,\" say: וְתֵן טַל וּמָטָר לִבְרָכָה כִּי אַתָּה וגו' \"bestow dew and rain for blessing, for you heed etc.\". If you reminded yourself after concluding the blessing שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָּה, but before you started רְצֵה, \"be pleased,\" you may say: \"bestow dew and rain,\"וְתֵן טַל וּמָטָר and then continue with רְצֵה . If you remembered after that you must go back and say the 9th blessing, בָּרֵךְ עָלֵינוּ, and continue from there. But if you became aware of your omission after concluding the entire Shemoneh Esrei [and taking three steps backwards] you must repeat the entire Shemoneh Esrei.", "PRAYER FOR DELIVERANCE", "Sound the great shofar for our liberty,31The following six benedictions, beginning with this one, are prayers for the restoration of the spiritual-national life of the Jewish People. This tenth benediction is an impassioned prayer for the fulfillment of the prophecy, “And it will come to pass on that day, the great Shofar will be sounded; and those who were lost in the land of Assyria shall come and those who were dispersed in the land of Egypt; and they will worship Adonoy on the Holy Mountain at Jerusalem (Isaiah 27:13).—Avudraham", "and raise a banner to gather our exiles,", "and gather us together quickly", "from the four corners of the earth.", "into our Land.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Gatherer", "of the dispersed of His people Israel.", "PRAYER FOR RIGHTEOUS JUDGMENT", "Restore our judges32We pray for the restoration of God's reign of justice, as the prophet said, “And I will restore your judges as in former times, and your advisors as the beginning; afterward you (Jerusalem) will be called the city of righteousness, faithful city” (Isaiah 1:26). This will be manifested with the restoration of the Sanhedrin and their system of halachic justice. as before", "and our counselors as at first.", "Remove from us sorrow and sighing,33Few evils are the source of deeper grief and suffering than the absence of justice. With the restoration of justice, our sorrow and sighing will change to joy and gladness.—Avudraham", "and reign over us quickly", "You, Adonoy, alone", "with kindness and compassion;", "and make us righteous", "with righteousness and justice,", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, continue at the asterisk (*) below", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "King, Lover of righteousness and justice.", "*During the Ten Days of Penitence:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "the King of Justice.", "If you mistakenly said, \"King, Lover of righteousness and justice,\" instead of \"the King of Justice\" and became aware of your mistake within the time it takes to utter the three word greeting (Sholom Aleichem Rebbe), you should immediately say \"the King of Justice.\" If you remembered after that interval, you may continue the Shemoneh Esrei since the word \"King\" was mentioned in the regular blessing.", "PRAYER FOR DIVINE RETRIBUTION", "For informers let there be no hope34This petition was added to the original Eighteen Benedictions. It was ordained by Rabban Gamliel and his Bais Din in Yavneh, according to the text of Shmuel HaKattan, its author (Maseches Berachos 28:b). It is directed against the early Christians who informed against Jews to the Roman authorities after the destruction of the Second Temple, causing them to be put to an excruciatingly painful death.", "and may all wickedness35Not the “wicked,” but “wickedness.” This particular prayer is based on the Talmudic interpretation of the verse, “Let sins be terminated on earth and the wicked will be no more” (Psalms 104:36). instantly perish", "may all Your enemies36God's enemies are the enemies of His people (see Rashi to Numbers 31:3). The internal enemies of the Jews, against whom this prayer was originally directed, disappeared within a short time. be swiftly cut off,", "and the insolent", "may You quickly uproot, crush, rout,", "disgrace and humbled", "and subdue speedily in our days.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Crusher of enemies", "and Subduer of the insolent.", "PRAYER FOR THE RIGHTEOUS SCHOLARS", "Upon the righteous37The prayer for the righteous follows the prayer against the wicked, following the same sequence of the Psalmist's verse, “And all the pride of the wicked, I shall cut down; exalted will be the pride of the righteous” (75:11).—Talmud, Maseches Megillah 17b, upon the pious,", "upon the elders of Your people", "the House of Israel,", "upon the remnant of their scholars,", "upon the true proselytes, and upon us,", "may Your mercy be aroused,", "Adonoy our God.", "Grant bountiful reward", "to all who trust in Your Name in truth;38As King David said, “Those knowing Your Name will trust in You” (Psalms 9:11). These men who perceive God's ways with undistorted clarity are of the highest caliber. They see God's hand guiding the world and they know with certainty that He directs all.—Avudraham, Malbim", "and place our lot among them,", "and may we never be put to shame,39The worshiper begs to be saved from the inner catastrophe of feeling that his trust in God has been in vain.—Pesher Dovor", "for in You we have put our trust.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Support and Trust of the righteous.", "PRAYER FOR JERUSALEM", "And to Jerusalem,40The “pride of the righteous will be exalted” in the restored city of Jerusalem. Hence in this blessing we plead for the reconstruction of Jerusalem, as it is stated, “Pray for the peace of Jerusalem; may they who love You have peace” (Psalms 122:6)—Maseches Megillah 17b Your city,", "return in mercy,", "and dwell therein as You have spoken;", "and rebuild it soon, in our days,", "as an everlasting structure,", "and the throne of David, Your servant", "may You speedily establish therein.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Builder of Jerusalem.", "PRAYER FOR SALVATION", "The sprout of David,41The prayer for the Messiah, descendant of David, follows the prayer for Jerusalem, following the sequence of Hosea's prophecy (3:5), “Afterward, the Children of Israel will return to Jerusalem and seek Adonoy their God, and David their King “—Masechcs Megillah 18a Your servant,", "speedily cause to flourish", "and exalt his power with Your deliverance,", "For Your deliverance we hope all day.", "and watch for Your deliverance.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who causes to sprout", "the power of salvation.", "PRAYER FOR ACCEPTANCE", "Merciful Father", "Hear our voice, Adonoy, our God;42The last of the intermediate benedictions petitions God to answer all our preceding prayers.", "spare us and have compassion on us,", "and accept", "our prayers compassionately and willingly,", "for You are Almighty", "Who hears prayers and supplications;", "and from Your Presence, our King,", "do not turn us away empty-handed,43At this point, the worshiper may add any private petition, and ask God's help for himself, for his household, or for his community.", "be gracious and answer us", "and hear our prayer*", "for You hear the prayers of every mouth", "of Your people, Israel, with compassion.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who hears prayers.", "*One may add the following prayer for sustenance, at this point", "", "PRAYER FOR RETURN OF DIVINE SERVICE", "Be pleased,44The three concluding benedictions are known as the benedictions of thanksgiving. They consist of prayers for the re-establishment of God's service at Jerusalem; thanksgiving for God's daily wonders in our behalf; and a prayer for peace and prosperity. Adonoy, our God,", "with Your people Israel", "and pay need to their prayer;45In the previous blessings the first person was used: “Heal us,” “Have mercy on us,” whereas here the third person is used: “Their prayer,” “Accept their prayer.” In order to achieve a level in which we will be a source of pleasure to God, we must possess greater merit than what we as individuals can claim. We therefore ask God to take pleasure in the entire people of Israel among whom there are pious and righteous individuals who possess great merit, and we ask Him to accept “their prayer” with love and satisfaction.—Siach Yitzchok", "and restore the service", "to the Holy of Holies in Your abode,", "and the fire-offerings46The prayer “Be pleased” in a different form was recited by the Kohanim (priests) every day following the morning fire-offering.—Maseches Berachos 11b of Israel;", "and accept their prayer, lovingly", "and willingly.", "And may You always find pleasure", "with the service of Your people, Israel.", "On regular weekdays continue, \"And may our eyes\". On Rosh Chodesh and on Chol HaMoed, the following prayer is added:", "Our God and God of our fathers,", "may there ascend, come, and reach,", "appear, be desired, and heard,", "counted and recalled", "our remembrance and reckoning;", "the remembrance of our fathers;", "the remembrance of the Messiah", "the son of David, Your servant;", "the remembrance of Jerusalem,", "city of Your Sanctuary;", "and the remembrance of Your entire people,", "the House of Israel, before You", "for survival, for well-being,", "for favor, kindliness, compassion,", "for good life and peace", "on this day of:", "Rosh Chodesh", "the Festival of Matzos", "the Festival of Sukkos", "Remember us Adonoy, our God,", "on this day for well-being;", "be mindful of us on this day for blessing,", "and deliver us for good life.", "In accord with the promise of deliverance", "and compassion,", "spare us and favor us,", "have compassion on us and deliver us;", "for to You our eyes are directed", "because You are the Almighty", "Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "If you forgot to say this at Shacharis, (the Morning Service) or at Mincha (the Afternoon Service), but realized your omission before saying מוֹדִים, \"We are thankful,\" you should say it at that time and continue with מוֹדִים. ", "If you became aware of your omission after saying \"מוֹדִים\" \"We are thankful,\" but before concluding the Shemoneh Esrei [and taking three steps backwards], start again from רְצֵה, \"Be pleased.\" If you had completed the Shemoneh Esrei and then remembered, you must repeat the entire Shemoneh Esrei from the beginning. ", "If you are in doubt, follow the same procedure as above.", "If you had already said the Musaf prayer and recalled your omission, it is the opinion of some authorities, that the Shemoneh Esrei of Shacharis be repeated as a נְדָבָה, a free-will-offering of prayer, rather than an obligatory prayer. ", "And may our eyes behold47We pray for the privilege of witnessing the visible revelation of the Divine Presence as it appeared to the prophets, to the pious, and to all who were delivered from Egypt.—Kuzari", "Your merciful return to Zion.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion.", "At the words, We are thankful, bend forward; at Adonoy return to an upright position.", "THANKSGIVING", "We are thankful to You48Here you should bow in gratitude, as if standing before the Divine Presence, and say, “We are thankful to You.” The Jews always bowed when they perceived the Divine Presence..—Kuzari", "that You Adonoy are our God", "and the God of our fathers forever;", "Rock of our lives,", "the Shield of our deliverance,", "You are in every generation.", "We will give thanks to You", "and recount Your praise,", "for our lives", "which are committed into Your hand,", "and for our souls", "which are entrusted to You,49Here we thank God for returning our souls each morning, after having “entrusted” them to Him all night.—Eitz Yosef", "and for Your miracles of every day with us,", "and for Your wonders and benefactions", "at all times—", "evening, morning and noon.50This phrase concludes the earlier declaration, “We will give thanks to You and recount Your praise ... evening, morning, and noon .”—Iyun Tefillalh", "(You are) The Beneficent One—", "for Your compassion is never withheld;", "And (You are) the Merciful One—", "for Your kindliness never ceases;", "for we have always placed our hope in You.", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei and says, \"Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion\", the congregation responds by saying \"Amein\" and then the following prayer.51This prayer was ordained by Rav and his colleagues. It is an abstract of several prayers recited by various Rabbis [=Rabanan], and for this reason it is called Modim D'Rabanan.)", "We are thankful to You,", "that You Adonoy are our God,", "and God of our fathers,", "God of all flesh,", "Our Creator, Creator of the Beginning.", "Blessings and thanksgivings", "to Your great and holy Name", "for keeping us alive, and sustaining us;", "so may You always keep us alive", "and sustain us,", "and gather our exiles", "to the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary", "to observe Your statutes,", "and to do Your will,", "and to serve You wholeheartedly,", "for we are thankful to You.", "Blessed is the Almighty", "to Whom all thanks are due.", "(On Chanukah and Purim the following prayer is added. If you omitted it, you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei. If, however, you became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you should say it at that time, and conclude by saying, \"וְעַל כֻּלָּם, and for all the foregoing.\")", "[We thank You] for the miracles", "for the redemption, for the mighty deeds,", "for the deliverances, for the wonders", "for the consolations and for the wars", "that You performed for our fathers", "in those days at this season.", "On Chanukah:", "In the days of Matisyahu,", "son of Yochanan the High Priest,", "the Hasmonean and his sons,", "when the evil Greek kingdom rose up", "against Your people Israel", "to make them forget Your Torah52This refers to rationally conceived laws. S.R. Hirsch comments: The Greeks knew that the key to the Jewish religion is the Torah. If Torah were forgotten, the decline of ritual observance would be inevitable and rapid. Thus, they concentrated first on causing Torah to be forgotten, knowing that the deterioration of religious observance would swiftly follow.", "and to turn them away", "from the statutes of Your will—", "You, in Your abundant mercy,", "stood by them in their time of distress,", "You defended their cause,", "You judged their grievances,", "You avenged them.", "You delivered the mighty", "into the hands of the weak,", "many into the hands of the few,", "defiled people into the hands of the undefiled,", "the wicked into the hands of the righteous,", "and insolent [sinners] into the hands of", "diligent students of Your Torah.", "And You made Yourself", "a great and sanctified name in Your world.", "And for Your people, Israel,", "You performed a great deliverance", "and redemption unto this very day.", "Afterwards, Your sons entered", "the Holy of Holies of Your Abode,", "cleaned Your Temple,", "purified Your Sanctuary,", "and kindled lights", "in the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary,", "and designated these eight days of Chanukah", "to thank and praise Your great Name.", "On Purim:", "In the days of Mordechai and Esther", "in Shushan the Capital [of Persia],", "when the evil Haman rose up against them,", "he sought to destroy, to kill,", "and to annihilate all the Jews,", "young and old, infants and women,", "in one day, the thirteenth day", "of the twelfth month,", "which is the month of Adar,", "and to plunder their wealth53The usual procedure of those times was that all the wealth of executed people reverted to the monarch. In contrast to the norm, Haman decreed that Jewish possessions would be free for all to enjoy. He did this to provide added incentive to the populace who might have hesitated to kill Jews if they had nothing to gain.—", "And You, in Your abundant mercy,", "annulled his counsel,", "frustrated his intention,", "and brought his evil plan upon his own head,", "and they hanged him and his sons", "upon the gallows.", "And for all the foregoing", "blessed, exalted and extolled", "your Name, our King", "constantly, forever and ever.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, add:", "Inscribe for a good life", "all the children of Your covenant.", "If you forget to say this, you need not go back and repeat it. If you became aware of the omission before concluding the blessing, you can say it at that time.", "And all the living shall thank You forever", "and praise and bless", "Your great Name with sincerity forever;", "for You are goodness—", "the Almighty, Who is our deliverance", "and our help forever—", "the benevolent Almighty.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "The Beneficent is Your Name", "and You it is fitting to praise.", "To be said by the Chazzan", "Birkas Kohanim54In Leviticus 9:22, we find that after he completed the Divine offering, Aaron lifted up his hands and blessed the people. In a like manner, his descendants, the Kohanim, uttered the priestly blessing after performing the Temple Service. In our days, on the occasions when the kohanim recite the priestly blessings, they do so immediately after the “We are thankful” prayer which terminates the Avodah (Service) section of the Shemoneh Esrei. When Kohanim do not recite the blessings, the blessings are mentioned by the Chazzan in his repetition of the Shemoneh Esrei.—Avudraham", "Our God, and God of our fathers, bless us", "with the threefold blessing of the Torah,", "written by the hand of Moses, Your servant,", "pronounced from the mouth of Aaron", "and his sons, the kohanim, Your holy people;", "as it is said:", "Adonoy bless you and guard you.", "Adonoy shine His countenance upon you", "and be gracious unto you.", "Adonoy turn His countenance toward you", "and grant you peace.55Rashi paraphrases this blessing with the words יכבש כעסו, “May He withhold His anger.”", "After Birkas Kohanim the congregation says:", "Mighty One on high who dwells in might,", "You are peace and Your Name is peace.", "May it be Your will that You grant us", "and all of Your people, the House of Israel", "life and blessing", "for a safeguard to peace.", "PRAYER FOR PEACE", "Grant peace,56Since the Birkas Kohanim concludes with a blessing for peace, this concluding blessing is a restatement of the last benediction in the form of a congregational prayer.—Pesher Dovor goodness, and blessing,", "life favor, kindness and compassion", "upon us and upon all Israel, Your people.", "Bless us, our Father, all of us as one", "with the light of Your countenance.", "For by the light of Your countenance", "You gave us Adonoy our God,", "a Torah of life and the love of kindliness,57One of the most important mitzvos of the “Torah of Life” is the mitzvah of doing kindness. But it is incomplete unless there is a love of kindliness in the heart which precedes the act of kindliness.—Pesher Dovor", "righteousness, blessing, compassion,", "life, and peace.", "And may it be good in Your sight", "to bless us", "and to bless Your people Israel,", "at all times and at every moment", "with Your peace", "(with much strength and peace).", "During the Ten Days of Penitence continue here:", "In the book of life, blessing, peace", "and abundant maintenance,", "good decrees, salvations and condolences,", "may we be remembered and inscribed", "before You;", "we and all Your people, the House of Israel", "for a good life and peace.", "If you forget to say this you need not go back and repeat it.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who blesses His people Israel", "with peace.", "May they be acceptable", "the words of my mouth", "and the thoughts of my heart, before You", "Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "My God, guard my tongue from evil58This prayer was the personal meditation of Mar the son of Ravina, which he recited after he completed his prayers (Maseches Berachos 17a), and it is therefore expressed in the singular. The Jew prays that his mouth, his tongue, and his lips, which have just served as the instruments for his communion with God, will not forfeit any of their moral purity in his dealings with his fellow men—Yaavetz", "and my lips from speaking deceitfully.", "To those who curse me,", "may my soul be unresponsive;", "and let my soul be like dust to all.", "Open my heart to Your Torah", "and let my soul pursue Your commandments.59May I have an open, receptive and understanding mind and spirit in the study of Torah. When it comes to mitzvos, let my soul know no indifference, indolence, or passivity. Let me demonstrate zealous and vigorous endeavor in all things pertaining to Your mitzvos.—Etz Yosef; S.R. Hirsch", "And all who plan evil against me,", "quickly annul their counsel", "and frustrate their intention.", "(May it it be Your will", "Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers,", "that no person be envious of me", "and that I not be envious of others,", "that I not be brought to anger this day,", "and that I not cause Your anger;", "and save me from the evil inclination,", "and help me be humble and any modest.", "Our King and our Father,", "unify Your Name in Your world,", "rebuild Your city, establish Your house", "and perfect your sanctuary.", "Gather our exiles,", "redeem Your people, rejoice Your congregation).", "Act for the sake of Your Name.", "Act for the sake of Your right hand.", "Act for the sake of Your Torah.", "Act for the sake of Your holiness.", "In order that Your loved ones be released,", "deliver [with] Your right hand and answer me.", "May they be acceptable", "the words of my mouth", "and the thoughts of my heart, before You", "Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens", "may He make peace", "upon us and upon all Israel", "and say Amein.", "May it be Your will,", "Adonoy, our God, and the God of our Fathers", "that the Holy Temple be rebuilt", "speedily in our days,", "and grant us our share in Your Torah.", "And there we will serve You reverently", "as in the days of old,", "and in earlier years.", "And let Adonoy be pleased", "with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem", "as in the days of old and in earlier years." ], "Tachanun": [ "On Rosh Chodesh, Chol HaMoed, and Chanukah, Hallel is recited. On Fast Days (Monday—Thursday—Monday, Tenth of Teves, Fast of Esther, Seventeenth of Tamuz) Selichos are recited. On days when Tachanun is omitted (see below) the chazzan continues with Half Kaddish. (14 and 15 Adar Rishon in a leap year); the entire month of Nissan; Pesach Sheini (14 Iyar); Lag BaOmer; 1-8 Sivan; 9 and 15 Av; and 29 Elul. When Tachanun is omitted on these days, it is also omitted at the preceding Mincha (afternoon service).", "Tachanun is also omitted in the presence of a bridegroom, in the house of a mourner during the week of mourning, and on the occasion of a circumcision if the father, the sandak or the mohel is present. The worshipper recites the Tachanun in a sitting position, while resting his brow on his arm. During the morning service, when the hand-tefillin is on the left arm, he leans his brow on his right arm, but at the Mincha service he leans his brow on his left arm. This \"falling on one's face\" symbolizes complete submission to God and the committing of our destinies into His hands. It is mentioned in the Talmud (Maseches Megillah 22b), and originates with Moses, who \"Fell down before God\" (Deuteronomy 9:18) and was followed by Joshua, who \"Fell on the earth upon his face before the Ark of God\" (Joshua 7:6)", "Our God and God of our fathers,", "let our prayer come before you", "and do not ignore our supplication.", "For we are not so brazen-faced", "and stiff-necked", "to say to you,", "Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers,", "We are righteous and have not sined.", "But, indeed, we and our fathers have sinned.", "We have trespassed [against God and man, and we are devastated by our guilt];", "We have betrayed [God and man, we have been ungrateful for the good done to us];", "We have stolen; We have slandered.", "We have caused others to sin;", "We have caused others to commit sins for which they are called רְשָׁעִים, wicked;", "We have sinned with malicious intent;", "We have forcibly taken other's possessions even though we paid for them;", "We have added falsehood upon falsehood; we have joined with evil individuals or groups.", "We have given harmful advice;", "We have deceived; We have mocked;", "We have rebelled against God and His Torah;", "We have caused God to be angry with us;", "We have turned away from God's Torah;", "We have sinned deliberately;", "We have been negligent in our performance of the commandments;", "We have caused our friends grief;", "We have been stiff-necked, refusing to admit that the cause of our suffering is our own sins.", "We have committed sins for which we are called רָשָׁע [raising a hand to hit someone].", "We have committed sins which are the result of moral corruption;", "We have committed sins which the Torah refers to as abominations;", "We have gone astray;", "We have led others astray.", "We have turned away", "from Your commandments", "and from Your good laws,", "and we have gained nothing from it.", "And You are the Righteous One", "in all [punishment] that has come upon us;", "for You have acted truthfully", "and we have acted wickedly.", "You are Almighty, Slow to anger,", "Lord of Mercy, You are called,", "and the way of repentance,", "You have taught us.", "The greatness of Your mercy and kindness,", "remember this day and every day", "for the descendants of Your loved ones.", "Turn to us with compassion", "for You are the Lord of Mercy.", "With supplication and prayer", "we approach Your Presence,", "as You made know", "to [Moses,] the modest one of old.", "From Your fierce anger turn,", "as it is written in Your Torah:", "In the shadow of Your wings,", "may we be sheltered and lodged,", "as on the day [of which it is said:]", "When Adonoy descended in the cloud.", "Remove [our] transgression,", "and blot out [our] iniquity,", "as on the day [of which it is said:]", "And He stood with him there.", "Give ear to our cry", "and listen to our speech,", "as on the day [of which it is said:]", "And He proclaimed in the Name, Adonoy", "And there it is said:", "Congregation and Chazzan:", "And Adonoy passed before him [Moses]", "and proclaimed:", "Adonoy, Adonoy,", "Almighty, Merciful, Gracious,", "Slow to Anger,", "and Abundant in Kindness and Truth.", "Keeper of kindness", "for thousands of generations,", "Endurer of iniquity and transgression,", "and sin,", "and Acquitter of those who repent.1Exodus 34:5-7.", "And pardon our iniquity and our sin,", "and take us for Your inheritance.2Exodus 34:9.", "Pardon us,our Father, for we have sinned,", "forgive us, our King, for we have transgressed.", "For You, my Master,", "are good and forgiving,", "and abounding in kindness", "to all who call upon You.3Psalms 86:5.", "The following supplication is recited while resting your brow on your arm.", "And David said to Gad (II Samuel 24:14),", "I am greatly distressed;", "let us fall into the hand of Adonoy4David had sinned by counting the Jews. And his heart was crushed with remorse when the prophet Gad, at God's command, offered him a choice of three punishments: seven years of famine, or three months of defeat in war, or three days of pestilence. David chose the last of these three, explaining that he preferred to trust in God's compassion rather than be at man's mercy. Indeed, the pestilence lasted only half a day instead of three.", "for His mercies are great,", "but into the hand of man let me not fall.\"", "Merciful and gracious One,", "I have sinned before You;", "Adonoy, full of mercy,", "have compassion upon me", "and accept my supplications.", "Adonoy, do not rebuke me with Your anger,5In this psalm (6:2-11) David willingly accepts Divine punishment. He asks only that it not be inflicted on him at once in a sudden, unbearable burst of fury. Rather, he pleads, that it be meted out gradually so that he can withstand the suffering.—Radak", "nor chastise me with Your rage.6Rebuke is offered with kind words, while chastisement, is often accompanied by harsh punishment.—Malbim", "Be gracious unto me, Adonoy,", "for I am desolate,", "heal me Adonoy, for my bones are terrified.", "My soul, [too,] is utterly terrified,", "and You Adonoy, how long?", "Return Adonoy, free my soul,7Since all physical illness stems from blemishes and sins of the soul, the Talmud (Maseches Nedarim 41a) states that a person does not recover from his illness until all of his sins are forgiven, as it says, “Who forgives all your sins. Who heals all your ailments” (Psalms 103:3). David first requests that God free his soul by forgiving his sins; only then can his shattered body be healed.—Imros Tehoros", "deliver me", "for the sake of Your lovingkindness.", "For in death there is no mention of You;", "in the lower world who will thank You.", "I am worn out with my sighing,", "every night I cause my bed to float;", "with my tears, I melt my couch.8During the twenty-two years the Holy Spirit departed from him, David shed a cupful of tears and drank it every single day.—Yalkut (Samuel 165)", "My eye is dimmed from anger,9David was angry because his enemies rejoiced over his illness.—Radak", "it has aged because of my tormentors.", "Depart from me, all you evildoers,", "for Adonoy has heard", "the voice of my weeping.10Weeping is the eloquence of sorrow, and our tears are liquid prayers.", "Adonoy has heard my supplication,", "Adonoy will (also) accept my prayer.11Prayer seeks spiritual purification and proper understanding.—S.R. Hirsch", "Ashamed and utterly terrified12My enemies, who hoped for my death, will be ashamed and terrified when they see that my health has been restored.—Radak", "will all my foes be,", "they will return", "and be instantaneously ashamed.13When they witness my recovery, they will regret their animosity and seek peace with me. At that moment they will be ashamed to face me.—Radak" ], "Avinu Malkeinu": [ "During the Ten Days of Penitence, Avinu Malkeinu is recited here during Shacharis—the morning service, and Mincha—the afternoon service. It is also said by some congregations on public Fast Days. The number of petitions in this prayer varies with custom, but in our rite, Avinu Malkeinu consists of 44 petitions. Since many of them are similar to the petitions of Shemoneh Esrei, Avinu Malkeinu is never recited on Shabbos, when the petitions of Shemoneh Esrei are also omitted.", "This unique and moving prayer is recorded as having been recited by Rabbi Akiva. The Talmud (Maseches Taanis 25b) relates that Rabbi Eliezer once stepped down before the Ark and recited the 24 benedictions for fast days and his prayers were not answered. Rabbi Akiva stepped down after him and exclaimed, \"Our Father, our King, we have no king except You. Our Father, our King, for Your sake have mercy on us,\" and rain fell.", "Our Father, our King!1The Jewish People are referred to in Scripture as God's slaves (Leviticus 25:42), and as His children (Deuteronomy 14:1). Thus we say to Him, “If we are Your children, we beseech You as our Father; if we are Your slaves, we implore You as our Master and King Contrary to the view that God, the Father, is so full of love for His children, that He permits the wanton breaking of His commandments to go unpunished, Judaism knows that God the King, must be feared and His laws must be obeyed. There are times when a father is unable to do what he would like for his children because of physical or financial limitations. On the other hand, a king has the power to do anything for his subjects if he should so desire. We cry out to God—You are our Father and You desire to help us—You are our King and You have the power to help us!", "we have sinned before You.", "Our Father our King!", "we have no King except You.2Despite our physical banishment and spiritual estrangement—the result of our sins—we still have none other than God to guide our lives and to shape our destiny.", "Our Father, our King!", "deal with us [kindly]", "for the sake of Your Name.3See Ezekiel 36.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, say:", "Our Father, our King!", "renew for us a good year.", "On public fast-days, say:", "Our Father, our King!", "bless us with a good year.", "Our Father, our King!", "annul all harsh decrees concerning us.", "Our Father, our King!", "annul the designs of those who hate us.", "Our Father, our King!", "thwart the plans of our enemies.", "Our Father, Our King!", "rid us of every oppressor and adversary.", "Our Father, Our King!", "seal the mouths of our adversaries", "and accusers.", "Our Father, Our King!", "remove pestilence, sword, famine, captivity,", "destruction, [the burden of] iniquity", "and religious persecution", "from the members of Your covenant.", "Our Father, Our King!", "withhold the plague from Your inheritance.", "Our Father, Our King!", "forgive and pardon all our iniquities.", "Our Father, Our King!", "blot out and remove our transgressions", "and sins from before Your eyes.", "Our Father, Our King!", "erase in Your abundant mercy", "all records of our liabilities.4Having just asked that our sins be forgiven and that our transgressions be removed from before His eyes, what are we asking for now? Our earlier pleas were for forgiveness of those sins we committed ourselves. But there are sins for which we are held accountable even though we do not commit them ourselves. One possibility is, having watched while others sin, when we may have been able to prevent it. (Chazal say כל ישראל ערבין זה לזה. A guarantor is one who countersigns a debt note, undertaking to pay if the borrower defaults. Thus we ask God to erase all our notes of obligation whether as borrower or guarantor. In all instances, He is the Extender of credit.) Thus we beseech God to erase the records of our guilt in those instances.—Siach Yitzchok", "Our Father, Our King!", "bring us back", "in wholehearted5Many repent out of their fear of God. Others repent out of their love for Him. We beseech God to bring us back in “wholehearted” repentance motivated by love, the most perfect form of penitence.—Etz Yosef repentance before You.", "Our Father, Our King!", "send complete6We beseech God to heal both the spiritually ill as well as the physically ill. We ask, therefore, for a “complete” healing for the sick among us.—Etz Yosef healing", "to the sick among Your people.", "Our Father, Our King!", "tear up the evil [parts] of our sentence.", "Our Father, Our King!", "remember us favorably before You.", "The following five prayers are said during the Ten Days of Penitence.", "Our Father, Our King!", "inscribe us in the Book of the Good Life.", "Our Father, Our King!", "inscribe us", "in the Book of Redemption and Deliverance.", "Our Father, Our King!", "inscribe us", "in the Book of Maintenance and Sustenance.", "Our Father, Our King!", "inscribe us in the Book of Merits.", "Our Father, Our King!", "inscribe us", "in the Book of Pardon and Forgiveness.", "The following five prayers are said on public fast-days.", "Our Father, Our King!", "remember us for a good life.", "Our Father, Our King!", "remember us for redemption and deliverance.", "Our Father, Our King!", "remember us for maintenance and sustenance.", "Our Father, Our King!", "remember us for merit.", "Our Father, Our King!", "remember us for pardon and forgiveness.", "Our Father, Our King!", "cause deliverance to spring forth for us soon.", "Our Father, Our King!", "raise up the might of Your people Israel.", "Our Father, Our King!", "raise up the might of Your anointed.", "Our Father, Our King!", "fill our hands with Your blessings.", "Our Father, Our King!", "fill our storehouses with abundance.", "Our Father, Our King!", "hear our voice,", "spare us and have compassion upon us.", "Our Father, Our King!", "accept", "our prayer with compassion and favor.", "Our Father, Our King!", "open the gates of heaven to our prayer.", "Our Father, Our King!", "remember, that we are dust.", "Our Father, Our King!", "Please do not turn us away", "empty-handed from You.", "Our Father, Our King!", "let this hour be", "an hour of compassion", "and a time of favor before You.", "Our Father, Our King!", "have compassion upon us,", "and upon our children and infants.", "Our Father, Our King!", "do it for the sake of those", "who were slain for Your holy Name.", "Our Father, Our King!", "do it for the sake of those", "who were slaughtered", "for [proclaiming] Your Unity.", "Our Father, Our King!", "do it for the sake of those", "who went through fire and water", "for the sanctification of Your Name.", "Our Father, Our King!", "avenge before our eyes", "the spilled blood of Your servants.", "Our Father, Our King!", "do it for Your sake if not for ours.", "Our Father, Our King!", "do it for Your sake and deliver us.", "Our Father, Our King!", "do it for the sake of Your great mercy.", "Our Father, Our King!", "do it for the sake", "of Your great, mighty, and awesome Name", "which is proclaimed upon us.", "Our Father, Our King!", "favor us and answer us", "for we have no accomplishments;", "deal with us charitably and kindly with us", "and deliver us." ], "Vehu Rachum": [ "The following prayers are added on Mondays and Thursday. On other days, continue \"Guardian of Israel. . .\":", "This group of somber plaints, known as the \"long Vehu Rachum\" is recited in the morning service on Mondays and Thursdays, except on days when Tachanun is omitted.", "The origin of these seven prayers is shrouded in legend. It has been suggested that they were composed during the terrible persecutions at the hands of the Goths in seventh-century Spain. It has been said, \"Whoever can read this ‘long Vehu Rachum' prayer without emotion has lost all feeling for what is great and noble.\"", "Despite all the repetition in these cries for forgiveness, mercy, help, and protection, the effect is not tiring; because here it is not merely an individual soul, but the soul of an entire people that utters these laments and supplications, that gives voice to this woe of nearly two thousand years.", "Moses ascended Mount Sinai to receive the Second Tablets on the fifth day of the week, and he returned to the people on the second day of the week, bringing them the new tablets as a security for the Divine covenant and as confirmation of God's atonement for their transgression. Ever since, the second and fifth day of each week, Monday and Thursday, have been days of summons to the Jewish people to assemble anew before God and to reaffirm their sincere \"return\" to the Law of God. Our regular service is therefore augmented on these days by these additional supplications.", "And He, the merciful One,", "will atone iniquity, and will not destroy,", "He frequently withdraws His anger,", "and does not arouse all His rage.1Psalms 78:38.", "You, Adonoy,", "do not withhold Your mercy from us;", "may Your kindness and truth", "always protect us.2Psalms 40:12 (basis).", "Deliver us, Adonoy, our God,", "and gather us from among the nations", "to give thanks to Your holy Name", "to be extolled in Your praise.3Psalms 106:47.", "If You, God, should preserve iniquities,4Were it not for the grace of God, any sin a person committed would deprive him of the right to continued existence. (Transgression is seen as a form of treason which is punishable by death). However, through the grace of Divine forgiveness, God makes it possible for us to atone for past sins through penitence and the decision to act in the future with God-fearing conduct.—S.R. Hirsch", "my Master, who could survive?5Psalms 130:3.", "But with You there is forgiveness,", "[in order] that You may be feared.6Psalms 130:4.", "Do not deal with us according to our sins", "nor repay us according to our iniquities.7Psalms 103:10 (basis).", "If our iniquities testify against us,", "Adonoy,", "act [mercifully] for Your Name's sake.8Jeremiah 14:7.", "Remember Your mercies Adonoy,", "and Your kindnesses,", "for", "they are from the beginning of the world.9Psalms 25:6.", "Adonoy will answer us on the day of distress,", "the Name of the God of Jacob will fortify us.10Psalms 20:2 (basis). Because of the trials and tribulations that marked his life, Jacob has become the model personality for the people descended from him. We preserve our trust in God, despite all the bitter blows which befall us, even as Jacob was confident that God was mindful of him. We, too, are sustained by our trust that God will eventually lead us to salvation as He led Jacob to a pinnacle of joy and happiness.—S.R. Hirsch", "Adonoy, deliver [us];", "the King will answer us on the day we call.11Psalms 20:10.", "Our Father, our King, favor us and answer us,", "for we have no [good] deeds;", "deal charitably with us", "according to Your abundant mercy", "and deliver us for the sake of Your Name.", "Our Master, our God,", "heed our supplications;", "and remember unto us", "the covenant of our fathers,", "and deliver us for Your Name's sake.", "And now, my Master, our God,", "who brought out Your people,", "from the land of Egypt with a mighty hand,", "and made for Yourself a name to this day;'12A name which has come to be recognized to an evergrowing extent among men.—S.R. Hirsch", "we have sinned, we have acted wickedly.", "My Master, with all Your righteousness", "turn away Your anger and Your rage", "from Your city, Jerusalem,", "Your holy mountain;", "for because of our sins", "and the iniquities of our fathers,13Through sincere atonement and earnest resolve to better our conduct, we could have restored that which was lost through the iniquities of our ancestors. But instead, we, too, have left much to be desired in this respect.—Yaavetz", "Jerusalem and Your people", "are [held] in contempt", "by all who surround us.", "And now, listen our God,", "to the prayers of Your servant", "and to his supplications;", "and let Your radiant countenance shine", "upon Your desolate Sanctuary", "for Your sake, my Master.", "Incline Your ear, my God, and hear;14“Hear” that which others say and think about us; or “hear” our cry for help.—S.R. Hirsch", "open Your eyes", "and behold our desolate places", "and the city which is called by Your Name,", "for it is not on account of our righteousness", "that we let fall our supplications before You,", "but because of Your great mercy.", "My Master, hear! my Master, forgive!", "my Master, listen and take action,", "do not delay!", "For Your sake, my God,", "for Your Name is proclaimed", "over Your15If the city which You have founded should fall, and the people You have chosen should perish, the cause of the universal acknowledgement of Your Oneness, would suffer.—S.R. Hirsch city and Your people.", "Our Father, merciful Father,", "show us a sign for good", "and gather our dispersed [people]", "from the four corners of the earth,", "[so that] all nations will recognize and know", "that You, Adonoy, are our God.16Daniel 9:15-19.", "And now, Adonoy, You are our Father;", "we are the clay and You are our Former;", "and we are all the work of Your hand.", "Deliver us, for Your Name's sake", "our Father, our King,", "our Rock and our Redeemer.17Isaiah 64:7.", "Adonoy, spare Your people,", "and let not Your heritage", "be [an object] of contempt", "for nations to rule over.18Joel 2:17.", "Why should they say among the peoples,", "Where is their God?", "Adonoy, we know that we have sinned,", "and there is none to stand up in our behalf;", "let Your great Name, then, stand up for us", "at the time of distress.", "We know that we have no [good] deeds,", "[therefore] deal charitably with us", "for Your Name's sake.", "As a father has compassion on his children,", "so do You have compassion on us, Adonoy,19Others translate this as a prayer rather than a fact: “So, Adonoy, have compassion on us.”", "and [therefore] deliver us", "for Your Name's sake.", "Have pity on Your people,", "have compassion on Your heritage,", "spare us with Your great mercy;", "favor us. our King, and answer us,", "for righteousness is Yours, Adonoy,", "Who performs wonders at all times.", "Look, we beseech You,", "speedily have compassion", "and deliver the sheep of Your pasture;", "let wrath not prevail over us,", "for, Adonoy, deliverance is Yours.", "Our hope rests with You, God of forgiveness;", "please forgive [us],", "for You Almighty, are good, and forgiving.", "We beseech You,", "gracious and compassionate King,", "remember and look", "to the Covenant between the divided pieces,20See Genesis 15:9-21 for a complete account of this covenant with Abraham.", "and let appear before You", "the binding [upon the Altar] of the only son,", "and for the sake of Israel,21Some interpret the name “Israel” as a reference to the patriarch Jacob, who was called Israel. This prayer calls to mind the merit of all three patriarchs: Abraham, who bound his only son; Isaac, who willfully let himself be bound on the altar; and Jacob, whose entire life was one of suffering for God.—Iyun Tefilloh our father.", "Do not abandon22To abandon means to leave a person to his own devices. “You know, our Father, that our own strength and intelligence are not adequate for us, so give us Your Fatherly care.”—S.R. Hirsch us our father,", "do not cast us off our King,", "do not forget us our Creator,", "and do not bring destruction upon us", "in our exile", "for You are the Almighty", "who is King, gracious and merciful.", "There is none like You,", "gracious and merciful", "Adonoy, our God;", "there is none like You,", "Almighty, slow to anger,", "abundant in kindliness and truth.", "Deliver us, and have mercy on us", "with Your great mercy,", "save us from storm and rage.", "Remember Your servants,", "Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob;", "do not consider", "the stubbornness of this people,", "their wickedness, and their sinfulness.23Deuteronomy 9:27 (basis).", "Turn from Your fierce anger", "and let Your mind be changed", "concerning the evil", "[intended] for Your people.24Exodus 32:12.", "Remove from us the scourge of death,", "for You are merciful;", "for such is Your way—", "to bestow undeserved kindness", "in every generation.", "Spare Your people, Adonoy,", "and save us from Your wrath;", "remove from us the scourge of plague,", "and harsh decree,", "for You are the Guardian of Israel.", "Righteousness is Yours, my Master,", "while shame is ours.25Daniel 9:7.", "How can we complain?", "What can we say?", "What can we speak?", "and how can we justify ourselves?", "Let us search into our ways", "and examine them,", "and return to You;", "for Your right hand is extended", "to receive those who repent.", "We beseech You Adonoy!—deliver us.", "We beseech You Adonoy!—grant us success26Psalms 118:25.;", "We beseech You Adonoy! —", "answer us on the day we call.", "For You, Adonoy, we have waited,", "For You, Adonoy, we have hoped,", "For You, Adonoy, we yearn.", "Do not be silent,", "and do not allow us to be tormented;", "for the nations have said, \"Their hope is lost.\"", "Let every knee bend to You", "and all who stand erect", "prostrate themselves before You", "You Who opens Your hand", "to [accept] repentance,", "to receive transgressors and sinners:", "our soul is terrified from our great sorrow—", "forget us not forever;", "arise and deliver us.", "Do not pour out Your wrath upon us,", "for we are Your people,", "the children of Your covenant.", "Almighty, look!", "Our glory has sunk low among the nations,", "and they abominate us", "like the impurity of the nidah.27Nidah is menstrual uncleanliness. See Leviticus 12:2.", "How long will Your strength be in captivity,", "and Your glory, in the hand of the foe?28This prayer is a paraphrase of Psalms 78:61. We read concerning the Ark of the Covenant, which had fallen into the hands of the Philistines, “And delivered His strength into captivity and His glory into the hand of the foe.”", "Arouse Your might and deliver us", "for the sake of Your Name,", "let our sufferings not seem trivial to You.", "May Your mercy come swiftly toward us", "in time of our distress;", "not for our sake,", "but do it for Your sake,", "and do not obliterate", "the remembrance of our remnant,", "for our eyes look hopefully to You,", "for You are the Almighty", "Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "Remember our testimony", "every day we proclaim", "twice a day with love:", "Hear Israel,", "Adonoy is our God,", "Adonoy is One.", "Adonoy, God of Israel,", "turn from Your fierce anger,", "and let Your mind be changed", "concerning the evil intended", "for Your people.29Exodus 32:12.", "Look30The following prayers enable us to visualize the horrors of persecution that were so often the lot of the Jews in the dark ages and even more so in our days. from heaven and behold", "that we have become", "[an object] of scorn and derision", "among the nations;", "we are considered as the sheep", "led to the slaughter", "to be slain and destroyed,", "tortured and humiliated.", "And yet despite all this,31This refrain gives striking expression to the steadfastness of the Jew amid all his agony and martyrdom.
The one concept which, more than anything else, protected Israel from the base impulse of vengefulness, is proclaimed in these last few petitions. They teach us that we must commit to none other than God all vengeance and retribution for the suffering we sustain at the hands of others. Sacred literature is replete with assurances of God's retribution for all that we have suffered at the hands of our foes.", "we have not forgotten Your Name;", "please, do not forget us.", "Adonoy, God of Israel,", "turn from Your fierce anger,", "and let Your mind be changed", "concerning the evil intended for Your people.", "Strangers say:", "there is no hope or expectation [for us.]", "Be gracious to the people", "who place their hope in Your Name.", "Pure One, bring our deliverance near;", "we are weary and no relief is granted us.", "May Your mercy", "suppress Your anger from us.", "We beseech You, turn from Your anger,", "and have compassion on the treasured people", "whom You have chosen.", "Adonoy, God of Israel,", "turn from Your fierce anger,", "and let Your mind be changed", "concerning the evil intended for Your people.", "Adonoy, in Your mercy, spare us,", "do not discard us in the hands of cruel foes.", "Why should the nations say:", "Where now is their God?32Psalms 115:2.", "For Your sake, deal kindly with us", "and do not delay.", "We beseech You, turn from Your anger,", "and have compassion on the treasured people", "whom You have chosen.", "Adonoy, God of Israel,", "turn from Your fierce anger,", "and let Your mind be changed", "concerning the evil intended for Your people.", "Hear our voice and be gracious,", "do not cast us off", "into the hands of our enemies", "to obliterate our name.", "Remember", "what You have sworn to our fathers:", "Like the stars of the heavens", "will I multiply your descendants,33Exodus 32:13.", "and now, we are left only a few out of many.", "And yet despite all this,", "we have not forgotten Your Name;", "please, do not forget us.", "Adonoy, God of Israel,", "turn from Your fierce anger,", "and let Your mind be changed", "concerning the evil intended for Your people.", "Help us, God of our deliverance", "for the sake of the glory of Your Name;", "save us and atone our sins", "for the sake of Your Name.", "Adonoy, God of Israel,", "turn from Your fierce anger,", "and let Your mind be changed", "concerning the evil intended for Your people.", "Guardian of Israel,", "guard the remnant of Israel,", "and let not Israel perish,", "who say, \"Hear Israel.\"", "Guardian of the unique nation,", "guard the remnant of the unique people,", "and let not the unique nation perish,", "who proclaim the Oneness of Your Name,", "[saying:] Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.", "Guardian of the holy nation,", "guard the remnant of the holy people", "and let not the holy nation perish", "who repeat the threefold sanctification", "to the Holy One.", "You Who are appeased by pleas for mercy,", "and conciliated by supplications,", "be appeased and conciliated", "to an afflicted generation,", "for there is none else to help.", "Our Father, our King!", "be gracious to us and answer us", "for we have no [good] deeds,", "deal with us charitably and kindly", "and deliver us.", "As for us, we know not what to do;", "but our eyes are upon You.34I Chronicles 20:12. With this sentence. King Yehoshafat, concluded his prayer for Divine aid in his struggle against the hostile nations that were united against him. His prayer was answered. Each Jew in every generation must realize that he too has only one refuge for all time to come—God—to Whom we turn our eyes with trusting hope—S.R. Hirsch", "Remember Your mercies, Adonoy,", "and kindnesses", "for", "they are from the beginning of the world.35Psalms 25:26.", "Adonoy! may Your kindness be upon us,", "as we have waited for You.36Psalms 33:22.", "Remember not the sins of our ancestors;37Others translate, “Remember not our [own] former iniquities.”", "let Your mercy come swiftly toward us,38Psalms 79:8.", "for we have been brought very low.", "Help us for the Name of Adonoy", "Creator of Heaven and earth.", "Be gracious to us, Adonoy, be gracious to us", "for we are saturated with humiliation.39Psalms 123:3.", "[Even] in anger", "remember to have compassion.40Habakuk 3:2.", "[Even] in anger", "remember the binding of Isaac.", "Even in anger", "remember the uprightness of Jacob", "Adonoy deliver [us]", "the King will answer us on the day we call.", "For He knows of what we are made;", "He is mindful that we are but dust.41Psalms 103:14.", "Help us, God of our deliverance,", "for the sake of the glory of Your Name;", "save us and atone our sins,42May we repent so that our sins will be atoned.", "for the sake of Your Name.43Psalms 79:9.", "The Chazzan recites the Half Kaddish", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name", "in the world which He created", "according to His will", "and may He rule His kingdom", "bring forth His redemption", "and hasten the coming if His Messiah", "in your lifetime and in your days,", "and in the lifetime", "of the entire House of Israel,", "speedily and in the near future—", "and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed", "forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised,", "glorified, and exalted and uplifted,", "honored and elevated and extolled", "be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above)", "all the blessings and hymns,", "praises and consolations", "which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "On days when the Torah is not read continue with Ashrei." ], "Reading of the Torah": [ "(Weekdays)", "The following paragraph is said on Mondays and Thursdays except on Rosh Chodesh, the eve of Pesach, Tishah b'Av, Chanukah, the 14th and 15th Adar and Adar Sheni (Purim and Purim Katan), the eve of Yom Kippur, and it is also omitted in the house of a mourner.", "This prayer is recited while standing, as it includes a form of viduy (confession) which must be said while standing.", "On Mondays and Thursdays, as we are about to open the Ark to take out the Seifer Torah for public reading, we realize that we have transgressed much that is written in the Torah and are unworthy even to take it into our hands. Aware of our inadequacy and unworthiness, we utter the words, \"Almighty who is slow to anger etc....\", appealing to Him for forgiveness.", "Almighty who is slow to anger", "and full of compassion,", "do not hide Your presence from us.", "Adonoy, spare Your people1This verse from Joel (2:17) was inserted here by the sages of Italy as an abbreviated form of Tachanun to be recited by latecomers to the synagogue, instead of the entire “Vehu Rachum”, so that they could pay attention to the reading of the Torah.", "and save us from all evil.", "We have sinned against You, Master,", "forgive us, please,", "in keeping with Your abundant mercy,", "Almighty.", "Moses and the Elders with him ordained that the Torah be read in public on Shabbos, Monday and Thursday mornings. The Talmud (Maseches Baba Kama 82), notes that Ezra later instituted that three men should be called up to read a total of at least ten verses from the Torah. He also enacted that the Torah be read at the Shabbos Mincha (afternoon) service. When the Torah is removed from the Ark, great care is taken to honor it. It is escorted by as many people as possible from the moment it is taken out of the Ark until it is placed on the reading table. We embrace and kiss the Torah during the procession and refrain from idle chatter. While the Torah is being read, you must be silent and listen to each word.", "When the Holy Ark is opened, the following is said:", "Whenever the Ark traveled,", "Moses would say: \"Rise, Adonoy", "and let Your enemies be scattered,", "and those who hate You, flee before You.\"", "For from Zion will go forth the Torah,", "and the word of Adonoy from Jerusalem.", "Blessed is He Who gave the Torah", "to His people Israel in His holiness.", "The following prayer is taken from the Zohar (Parshas Vayakhail), the basic text of Kabbalah which was written by the Mishnaic sage Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai. The Zohar states, \"When the Torah is taken out to be read before the congregation, the heavenly gates of mercy are opened, and the Divine love is aroused; therefore one should say the following prayer.", "Blessed is the Name", "of the Master of the universe.", "Blessed is Your crown and Your place.", "May Your good will [be]", "with Your people Israel forever.", "The redemption of Your right hand", "show Your people in Your Holy Temple.", "Bestow on us Your excellent light,", "and accept our prayer with compassion.", "May it be Your will", "to prolong our lives in well-being.", "Let me be counted", "among the righteous,", "so that You will have compassion on me", "and protect me and all that is mine,", "and all that belongs to Your people, Israel.", "You are He", "Who nourishes all and maintains all;", "You are He Who rules over all;", "You are He Who rules over kings,", "and the kingdom is Yours.", "I am a servant", "of the Holy One, blessed is He,", "I bow before Him", "and before the honor of His Torah", "at all times.", "Not in man do I put my trust,", "nor do I rely on any angel;", "but only in the God of heaven,", "Who is the true God,", "Whose Torah is truth,", "Whose prophets are true,", "and Who performs many deeds", "of goodness and truth.", "In Him I put my trust", "and to His holy, honored Name", "I utter praises.", "May it be Your will", "to open my heart to Torah,", "and to fulfill the desires of my heart,", "and of the heart of Your people Israel,", "for goodness, for life, and for peace.", "The Chazzan says:", "Declare the greatness of Adonoy, with me.", "and let us exalt His Name together.", "The Congregation responds:", "Yours, Adonoy, is the greatness, the might,", "the glory, the victory, and the beauty,", "for everything in heaven and on earth", "[is Yours]; Yours, Adonoy, is the kingdom,", "and You are uplifted over all rulers.", "Exalt Adonoy, our God,", "and prostrate yourselves at His footstool,", "Holy is He.", "Exalt Adonoy, Our God,", "and prostrate yourselves", "at His holy mountain", "for Adonoy, our God, is holy.", "May the Father of mercy have compassion", "on the people borne2See Exodus 19:4, “You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I carried you on eagles’ wings.” See Isaiah 46:3, “Israel which are borne by Me from the belly, which are carried by Me from the womb.” by Him,", "and may He remember", "the covenant with the patriarchs;", "may He rescue our souls", "from evil times;", "and may He rebuke the evil impulse", "from those who have been carried3See Exodus 19:4, “You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I carried you on eagles’ wings.” See Isaiah 46:3, “Israel which are borne by Me from the belly, which are carried by Me from the womb.” by Him;", "and may He graciously grant us", "eternal survival;", "and fulfill our requests", "in beneficent measure,", "[for] deliverance and compassion.", "When the Torah is unrolled, the Reader says:", "May His sovereignty be revealed and visible", "to us, soon;", "and may He be gracious to our remnant", "and the remnant of His people,", "the House of Israel", "[granting them] favor, kindness,", "compassion and goodwill.", "And let us say Amein.", "Let all ascribe greatness to our God,", "and give honor to the Torah.", "Let the Kohein come forward.", "Arise, ______ son of _____, the Kohein,", "Blessed is He Who gave the Torah", "to His people, Israel, in His holiness.", "The Congregation responds:", "And you who cling to Adonoy, Your God,", "are all alive today.", "The Kohein walks up to the Torah and says:", "Blessed Adonoy, who is blessed.", "The Congregation responds and the Kohein repeats:", "Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed,", "forever and ever.", "The Kohein says:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who chose us from among all the peoples", "and gave us His Torah.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Giver of the Torah.", "After the Torah is read, the Kohein says:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe", "Who gave us the Torah of truth,", "and implanted eternal life within us.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Giver of the Torah.", "(The above blessings are recited by every person called to the Torah.)" ], "Birchas Hagomeil": [ "Rav says, (Maseches Berachos 54) that four are obligated to offer thanks: persons who have safely completed a sea or land journey, or who have recovered from a serious illness, or have been released from captivity. One who is obligated to recite the blessing of thanksgiving should do so at the Torah-scroll after the blessing that follows the Torah reading. It is proper not to delay the recital of the blessing for more than three days.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who bestows goodness upon the guilty,", "Who has bestowed every goodness upon me.", "The congregation responds:", "He Who has bestowed goodness upon you,", "may He bestow every goodness upon you,", "forever." ], "Berachah for Father of Bar Mitzvah": [ "Blessing by the father of a Bar Mitzvah", "The following blessing is said by the father of a Bar Mitzvah, after the lad has been called to the Torah and has recited the blessing following the reading:", "Blessed (are You)", "who has released me", "from the punishment1The father is liable for the sins of his children only until they have been taught and trained to perform and observe the mitzvos. Once they have reached this level, even though they are not yet thirteen years of age, the father is no longer responsible for their sins.
Why then is this Beracha recited at the time of Bar Mitzvah? The Dover Meisharim, cites sources stating that on the contrary, children sometimes perish because of their fathers׳ sins. The fathers, in turn, are punished for causing the untimely deaths of their young children. Thus when they reach thirteen and are no longer liable for their fathers’ sins, the fathers too are released from the punishment they could have received for causing their children to perish. The Beracha is therefore recited at the Bar Mitzvah when the son becomes fully independent of his father. of this [boy].", "When the reading of the Torah is concluded, the Half Kaddish is recited by the Reader. The Torah is then raised so that the congregation can see the script, and the congregation exclaims:", "This is the Torah which Moses placed", "before the children of Israel", "at Adonoy's command by the hand of Moses.", "It is a tree of life", "to those who grasp to it,", "and those who support it are fortunate.", "Its ways are ways of pleasantness,", "and all its paths are peace.", "Long life is at its right,", "at its left, riches and honor.", "Adonoy desired,", "for the sake of His righteousness,", "to make the Torah great and to glorify it.", "On those Mondays and Thursdays when Tachanun is said, before returning the Torah to the Ark, the Chazzan recites:", "May it be the will", "of our Father in heaven", "to establish the House of our lives2The Holy Temple.", "and restore His Divine Presence to our midst,", "speedily in our days, and let us say Amein.", "May it be the will", "of our Father in heaven", "to have compassion upon us", "and upon our remnant,", "and to keep destruction and plague from us,", "and from all His people, the House of Israel;", "and let us say Amein.", "May it be the will", "of our Father in heaven", "to preserve among us the sages of Israel,", "them, their wives,", "their sons and their daughters,", "their disciples,", "and the disciples of their disciples,", "wherever they live;", "and let us say Amein.", "May it be the will", "of our Father in heaven", "that we may hear and receive", "good tidings", "[of] deliverance and consolation;", "may He gather our dispersed", "from the four corners of the earth;", "and let us say Amein.", "[As for] our brethren,", "the entire House of Israel", "who [still] remain in distress and captivity,", "whether on sea or on land,", "may God have compassion on them,", "and bring them from distress to relief,", "from darkness to light,", "from servitude to redemption,", "at this moment, speedily, very soon;", "and let us say Amein." ], "Ashrei U'va L'Tzion": [ "Fortunate are those who dwell", "in Your house;", "may they continue to praise You, Selah.", "Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus;", "Fortunate is the people", "for whom Adonoy is their God.", "A praise by David!", "I will exalt You, my God, the King,", "and bless Your Name forever and ever.", "Every day I will bless You", "and extol Your Name forever and ever.", "Adonoy is great and highly extolled,", "and His greatness is unfathomable.", "One generation to another", "will praise Your works", "and Your mighty acts they will declare.", "The splendor of Your glorious majesty,", "and the words of Your wonders I will speak.", "Of Your awesome might, they will speak,", "and Your greatness I will recount.", "Mention of Your bountifulness", "they will express,", "and in Your righteousness joyfully exult.", "Adonoy is gracious and compassionate,", "slow to anger and great in kindliness.", "Adonoy is good to all,", "His mercy encompasses all His works.", "All Your works will thank You, Adonoy,", "and Your pious ones will bless You.", "Of the honor of Your kingship, they will speak", "and Your might they will declare.", "To reveal to men His mighty acts,", "and the glorious splendor of His kingship.", "Your kingship is the kingship for all times,", "and Your dominion is in every generation.", "Adonoy supports all the fallen,", "and straightens all the bent.", "The eyes of all look expectantly to You,", "and You give them", "their food at its proper time.", "You open Your hand", "and satisfy the desire of every living being.", "Adonoy is just in all His ways,", "and benevolent in all His deeds.", "Adonoy is near to all who call upon Him,", "to all who call upon Him in truth.", "The will of those who fear Him He fulfills;", "He hears their cry and delivers them.", "Adonoy watches over all those who love Him,", "and will destroy all the wicked.", "Praise of Adonoy, my mouth will declare,", "and all flesh will bless", "His holy Name forever and ever.", "And we will bless God", "from now on forever.", "Praise God.", "Psalm 20 is omitted on the following days: Rosh Chodesh, the day before Yom Kippur, Chanukah, both days of Purim, the day before Passover, the intermediate days of the Festivals (Chol HaMoed), and Tisha b'Av. It is also omitted when prayers are recited in the house of a mourner, the entire month of Nisssan, Pesach Sheni (14th of Iyar) Lag-b'omer, from Rosh Codesh Sivan through the twelfth of the month i.e., 5 days after Shavuoth, the Fifteenth of av, from Erev Yom Kippur until the end of Tishre, the Fifteenth of Shevat, when there is a circumcision in the Synagogue, or when a bride groom during the seven days of his wedding celebration is present.", "According to Rabbi S.R. Hirsch, this psalm is addressed to David by the people of Israel. It is a testimonial of trust that the people have in the Divinely-appointed king, who is accustomed to victory and triumph. At the same time, it proclaims the eternal truth that the victories which our king wins for our people are to be attributed not to his bravery, nor to his sword, nor to his soldiers, but solely to his relationship with God, His Sanctuary, and His Law.", "To Him Who grants victory, a Psalm of David", "May Adonoy answer you", "on the day of distress;", "May the Name of Jacob's1Jacob's entire life was filled with trials and distress, and he has thus become the symbol for his descendants throughout their periods of exile and distress.—Radak; S.R. Hirsch God fortify you.", "May He send your help from the Sanctuary,2May God help you because of your dedication to the Sanctuary. David's entire being was consecrated to God's Sanctuary.—S.R. Hirsch", "and support you from Zion.", "May He remember all your meal-offerings,", "and accept your burnt sacrifices3Rashi maintains that “offerings” and “sacrifices” refer to David's prayers rather than to his real-offerings., Selah.", "May He grant you what your heart desires,", "and fulfill all your plans.", "We will sing at Your deliverance,", "and in the Name of our God,", "raise our banners;", "May Adonoy fulfill all your wishes.", "Now I know", "that Adonoy has delivered His anointed one,", "He will answer him from His holy heavens", "with the mighty deliverance", "of His right hand.", "Some [rely] upon chariots", "and some upon horses,", "but as for us,", "upon the Name of Adonoy, our God, we call.", "They have bowed down and fallen,", "but we have risen and stand firm.", "Adonoy, deliver [us],", "the King will answer us on the day we call.", "This portion, known as Kedushas d'Sidra, was introduced at the conclusion of the morning service to accomodate those who came to the synagogue too late to hear the Kedushah in Shemoneh Esrei. The Talmud (Maseches Sotah 49a) declares that the world is preserved solely by virtue of this Kedushah, and by the virtue of our answering, \"May His great Name,\" which is part of the Kaddish recited following the study of the Aggadah. Because of its importance, a vernacular translation in Aramaic was added, so that even those ignorant of Hebrew would understand the sacred words.", "The Redeemer shall come to Zion", "and to those of Jacob who repent from sin,", "says Adonoy.", "As for Me, this is My covenant with them,", "said Adonoy:", "My spirit which is upon you,", "and My words", "which I have put in your mouth", "shall not depart from your mouth,", "nor from the mouth of your children,", "nor from the mouth", "of your children's children,", "said Adonoy—", "from now to eternity.", "(This next section is the actual Kedushah d'Sidra)", "And You, Holy One,", "are enthroned upon the praises of Israel.4God waits to hear the praises of Israel before He listens to the praises of the angels.—Etz Yosef God waits until the very last congregation of Jews has completed its prayers and then accepts the prayers of all Israel at one time.—Avudraham", "And [the angels] call one to another and say:", "Holy, holy, holy", "is Adonoy of Hosts:5According to the Targum interpretation, the thrice “holy” in the Kedushah does not indicate three ascending degrees of sanctification. Instead, it implies a declaration that He Who is holy in the loftiest regions of His heavenly abode is holy not only there but also on earth, the creation of His Almighty power; and that He was not only holy in the past, but that He is holy even now and will be holy throughout all the ages.—S.R. Hirsch", "the fullness of all the earth is His glory.\"6Isaiah 6:3", "And they receive [sanction]", "one from another,", "and say,", "Holy in the highest heights of heaven,", "the abode of His Divine Presence;", "holy upon earth,", "the work of His mighty power;", "holy forever and to all eternity—", "is Adonoy of hosts;", "the whole earth is filled", "with the radiance of His glory.", "And a wind lifted me;", "and I heard behind me", "the sound of a great rushing;", "Blessed is the glory of Adonoy", "from His place.7Ezekiel 3:12. 8See note 00 on Page 00.", "And a wind lifted me", "and I heard behind me", "a sound of a great rushing", "of those who uttered praises and said,", "‘Blessed is the glory of Adonoy", "from the place,", "the abode of His Divine Presence.", "Adonoy will reign forever and ever.9Exodus 15:18.", "Adonoy, His kingdom is established", "forever and to all eternity.", "Adonoy,", "God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel,", "our fathers,", "keep this forever", "as the intention of the hearts of Your people,", "and direct their hearts to You.10I Chronicles 29:18. 11May our recitation of the Kedushah inspire our thoughts and direct our hearts to serve You.—Avudraham", "And He, the merciful One,", "atones iniquity and does not destroy;", "He frequently withdraws His anger", "and does not arouse all His rage.12Psalms 78:38.", "For You, my Master, are good and forgiving,", "and abounding in kindness", "to all who call upon You.13Psalms 86:5.", "Your righteousness is everlasting", "and Your Torah is truth.14Psalms 119:142.", "You will grant truth to Jacob,", "kindliness to Abraham,15The patriarchs symbolize the three pillars of the universe—Torah, avodah,— the Temple service and gemilas chasadim—kindliness. Jacob epitomized Torah, which is the ultimate truth; Isaac personified Divine service in his readiness to be offered as a sacrifice to God; and Abraham exemplified the ideal and practice of kindliness throughout his life. We thus pray to be granted a share in the Divine truth of Torah in Jacob's merit, and to receive God's kindliness in Abraham's merit.", "as You have sworn to our fathers", "from the days of old.16Micah 7:20.", "Blessed is my Master day by day;", "He loads us [with blessings],17Etz Yosef interprets the verse in this manner: “Blessed is Adonoy who loads us each day with His blessings and goodness.”", "the Almighty Who is our deliverance,", "forever.18Psalms 68:20.", "Adonoy of Hosts is with us", "a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob, Selah.19Psalms 46:8.", "Adonoy of Hosts,", "fortunate is the man who trusts in You.20Psalms 84:13.", "Adonoy, deliver [us];", "the King will answer us on the day we call.21Psalms 20:10.", "Blessed is He, our God,", "Who created us for His glory,22This phrase is based on Isaiah 43:7, “Everything that is called by My Name, I have created it for My glory.”", "and set us apart from those who go astray;23This prayer is based on Joshua 24:2-3, “Your fathers dwelt on the other side of the river—and they served other gods. And I took your father Abraham from the other side of the river.” See Genesis 20:13 as interpreted by Onkelos.", "and gave us the Torah of truth,", "and eternal life He implanted within us.", "May He open our heart to His Torah,", "and instill in our heart love and awe of Him,", "to do His will and serve Him", "with a perfect heart,", "so that we shall not labor in vain", "nor bring forth that which causes dismay.24Some women are barren; they cannot bear children at all. Others have children who are unable to live. Similarly, there arc those who study Torah only to criticize and ridicule what they learn, while others learn sincerely but later rebel against its teachings. Those who study to ridicule are comparable to the barren women who are unable to give birth. But those who later rebel are like those who bear children and bury them. We pray to God to instill His love and fear in our hearts so that our learning will bear fruit and have a lasting influence on our lives.—Siddur HaGra", "May it be Your will,", "Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers,", "that we keep Your statutes in this world,", "and [thus] be privileged to live and behold,", "and to inherit the goodness and blessing", "of the Messianic days,", "and in the life of the World to Come.", "In order that my soul sing to You", "and not be stilled;", "Adonoy, my God, forever will I thank You.25Psalms 30:13.", "Blessed is the man who trusts in Adonoy,26God alone is the source of his trust; he relies on none other than God. One who puts his trust in God, while also relying upon a great many other factors, which he considers essential supports of his life and happiness, is not truly trusting in God.—S.R. Hirsch", "so that Adonoy is his security.27Jeremiah 17:7.", "Trust in Adonoy until the end of days,", "for in God,", "Adonoy, is the strength of the worlds.28Isaiah 26:4.", "And they will trust in You—", "those who know29These are men of the highest caliber who perceive God's ways with undistorted clarity. They discern God's hand guiding the world in its constant, miraculous operation and they know with certainty that all is directed by God.—Malbim your Name,", "for You have never forsaken", "those who seek You, Adonoy.30Psalms 9:11.", "Adonoy desired,", "for the sake of His righteousness,", "to make the Torah great and to glorify it.31Isaiah 42:21.", "(Adonoy, our Master,", "how mighty is Your Name", "over all the earth.", "Be strong and take courage,", "all who wait for Adonoy.)", "On Rosh Chodesh the Chazzan recites the half-Kaddish, the Tefillin are then removed and the congregation says the Musaf Amidah; and on Chol Hamoed the Chazzan recites the half-Kaddish, and the congregation says the Mussaf Amidah.", "On regular weekdays the Chazzan recites the following Kaddish:", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name", "in the world which He created", "according to His will", "and may He rule His kingdom", "bring forth His redemption", "and hasten the coming if His Messiah", "in your lifetime and in your days,", "and in the lifetime", "of the entire House of Israel,", "speedily and in the near future—", "and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed", "forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised,", "glorified, and exalted and uplifted,", "honored and elevated and extolled", "be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above)", "all the blessings and hymns,", "praises and consolations", "which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be acceptance", "of the prayers and supplications", "of the entire House of Israel", "before their Father in heaven.", "And say, Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven", "and life", "for us and for all Israel,", "—and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace", "(Ten Days of Penitence: the peace)", "in His high heavens", "may He, make peace", "for us and for all Israel,", "and say, Amen.", "On Mondays, Thursdays and other days when the Torah is read, as the Sefer Torah is returned to the Ark the Chazzan takes the Torah and says:", "They will praise the Name of Adonoy", "for His Name alone is exalted.", "Chazzan and congregation:", "His majesty is over the earth and the skies.", "He will raise the might of His people,", "[which is] praise for all His pious ones,", "for the children of Israel,", "the people near to Him.", "Praise God.", "A psalm of David:", "the earth is Adonoy's", "and the fullness thereof,32See notes for this Psalm on page 000.", "the inhabited world", "and those who dwell in it.", "For He founded it upon the seas,", "and established it upon rivers.", "Who may ascend the mountain of Adonoy,", "and who may stand", "in the place of His holiness?", "The clean of hands and the pure of heart,", "who has not borne My soul in vain,", "and has not sworn deceitfully.", "He will bear Adonoy's blessing", "and righteousness", "from the God of his deliverance.", "This is the generation of those who seek Him,", "and seekers of Your Presence,", "[God of] Jacob, selah.", "Lift up your heads, gates,", "and be uplifted", "[you] entranceways to eternity,", "so that the King of Glory may enter.", "Who is this King of Glory?", "Adonoy, strong and mighty;", "Adonoy, the Mighty One in battle.", "Lift up your heads, gates,", "and lift, entranceways to eternity,", "so that the King of Glory may enter.", "Who is He, this King of Glory?", "Adonoy of hosts,", "He is the King of Glory, selah.33Psalms 24.", "As the Torah is returned to the Ark the following is said:", "And when it34The Ark. rested, he35Moses. would say:", "Return, Adonoy,", "to the myriads and thousands of Israel.36Numbers 10:36.", "Arise, Adonoy unto Your resting place,", "You and the Ark of Your strength.", "Let Your priests", "clothe themselves in righteousness,", "and let Your devoted ones sing in joy.", "For the sake of David, Your servant,", "do not reject Your anointed.37Psalms 132:8-10.", "For I have given you good instruction,", "do not forsake My Torah.38Proverbs 4:2.", "It is a tree of life to those who grasp it,", "and those who support it are fortunate.39Proverbs 3:18.", "Its ways are ways of pleasantness", "and all its paths are peace.40Proverbs 3:17.", "Cause us to return to you, Adonoy,", "and we shall return;", "renew our days as of old.41Lamentations 5:21." ], "Psalm of the Day": [ "On days in which Tachanun is not said, \"A prayer of David,\" is omitted, and we begin \"House of Jacob\". On days in which \"Almighty who is slow to anger,\" is not said, continue with the Psalm for the appropriate day.", "A prayer of David.", "Incline Your ear Adonay, and answer me,", "for poor and needy am I.", "Preserve my soul for I am devoted,", "deliver Your servant, my God,", "who trusts in You.", "Be gracious to me my Master,", "for to You I cry out all the day.", "Make glad the soul of Your servant,", "for, to You, my Master,", "I lift up my soul.", "For You, my Master,", "are good and forgiving,", "and abounding in kindness", "to all who call upon You.", "Give ear, Adonoy, to my prayer,", "and listen to the voice of my supplications.", "In the day of my distress I call out to You,", "for You will answer me.", "There is none like You", "among gods, my Master,", "and there is nothing like Your works.", "All nations which You have made", "will come and bow down", "before You, my Master,", "and they will give honor to Your Name.", "For You are great", "and do wondrous things,", "You alone God.", "Teach me, Adonoy, Your way", "that I may walk in Your truth;", "let me be of one heart to fear Your Name.", "I will thank You, my Master, my God,", "with all my heart,", "and I will glorify Your Name, forever.", "For Your kindness", "has been great toward me,", "and You have rescued my soul", "from the lowest depths of the grave.", "God, the insolent have risen up against me,", "and a company of violent men", "have sought my soul,", "and they have not set [the fear of] You", "before them.", "But You, my Master,", "are the Almighty Who is Merciful", "and Gracious,", "Slow to Anger and Full of Kindness and Truth.", "Turn to me and be gracious to me,", "give Your strength to Your servant,", "and deliver the son of Your handmaid.", "Give me a sign of Your kindness,", "that my enemies may see it and be ashamed,", "for You, Adonoy, have helped me", "and comforted me.", "House of Jacob,", "Come let us walk in the light of Adonoy.", "For all the nations", "walk in the name of its god,", "but we walk in the Name of Adonoy,", "our God, forever.", "May Adonoy, our God, be with us", "as He was with our fathers,", "may He not forsake us nor abandon us,", "that He may turn our hearts to Him,", "to walk in all His ways,", "to preserve His commandments, His statutes,", "and His precepts,", "which He commanded our fathers.", "May these words of mine", "[with] which I have prayed", "before Adonoy,", "be near to Adonoy, our God", "by day and night;", "that He provide the needs of his servant", "and the needs of His people Israel", "each day.", "In order that it become known", "to all the peoples of the earth", "that Adonoy is God—", "there is nothing else.", "A Song of Ascents of David.", "Had it not been for Adonoy", "Who was for us,", "let Israel now say.", "Had it not been for Adonoy", "Who was for us,", "when men rose up against us.", "They would have then swallowed us alive,", "when their wrath blazed against us.", "The waters would have then swept us away,", "affliction would have passed over our soul.", "Then over our soul would have gone", "the impetuous waters.", "Blessed is Adonoy,", "Who did not give us", "as prey to their teeth.", "Our soul escaped as a bird", "out of the fowler's snare;", "the snare is broken", "and we escaped.", "Our help is in the Name of Adonoy,", "Maker of heaven and earth.", "The custom of reciting a different psalm each day of the week originated in the Temple. The Mishnah (Maseches Tamid 7:4) describes the psalms which were chanted by the Levites each day during the service.", "On Sunday:", "Today is the first day of the week,", "on which the Levites used to recite", "in the Holy Temple:", "A psalm of David:", "the earth is Adonoy's", "and the fullness thereof,1Rabbi Judah says in the name of Rabbi Akiva, “On the first day of the week, the Levites sang psalm 24, The earth is Adonoy's and the fullness thereof, because on that day God took possession of His newly created world for Himself, in order to give possession to mankind. Yet He remained the sole Master of the world.”—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a", "the inhabited world", "and those who dwell in it.", "For He founded it upon the seas,", "and established it upon rivers.", "Who may ascend the mountain2Ibn Ezra says that “mountain” refers to Mount Moriah, the location of the Temple. David composed this psalm on the day he purchased the Temple site from Aravna the Jebusite. of Adonoy,", "and who may stand", "in the place of His holiness?", "The clean of hands and the pure of heart,", "who has not borne My soul in vain,", "and has not sworn deceitfully.3He whose piety is genuine and who will not use the Name of God to deceive others.—S.R. Hirsch", "He will bear Adonoy's blessing4This person can expect that God will give him whatever will best serve his genuine welfare.—S.R. Hirsch", "and righteousness", "from the God of his deliverance.", "This is the generation of those who seek Him,", "the seekers of Your Presence,", "[God of] Jacob,5“Jacob” refers to all of Israel, the true descendants of the patriarch Jacob.—Radak Selah.", "Lift up your heads, gates,", "and be uplifted", "[you] entranceways to eternity,", "so that the King of Glory may enter.", "Who is this King of Glory?", "Adonoy, strong and mighty;", "Adonoy, the Mighty One in battle.", "Lift up your heads, gates,", "and lift, entranceways to eternity,", "so that the King of Glory may enter.", "Who is He, this King of Glory?", "Adonoy of hosts,", "He is the King of Glory, Selah.", "(Deliver us...; Mourner's Kaddish.)", "On Monday:", "Today is the second day of the week,", "on which the Levites used to recite", "in the Holy Temple:", "A song, a psalm by the sons of Korach.6On the second day, psalm 48, “Adonoy is great and highly extolled,” was sung by the Levites because on the second day of creation God separated the heavenly and earthly parts of the universe and ruled over both.—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a", "Adonoy is great and highly extolled", "in the city of our God,", "the mountain of His Sanctuary.", "Beautiful in its panoramic vista,", "the joy of all the earth is Mount Zion,", "on the northern extremities (of Jerusalem);7Jerusalem is the source of all the joy in the world. Joy radiates from Jerusalem to the rest of the world because it is the center of the universe, both in terms of geography and history. The Temple era is the midpoint of the generations—of the generations which preceded the Temple, and of those which followed its destruction. The generations before the Temple were uplifted and imbued with the hopes of its realization; the later generations are drawn to its light by recalling its radiant glory and by anticipating its rebuilding. We mention Jerusalem at every joyous occasion to emphasize that it is the true source of joy.—Sfas Emes
Tziyun is the Hebrew word for a monument, a memorial for someone who has died. When it is spelled “Tziyon, it refers to the site of God's Sanctuary, a timeless memorial for the preservation of truth in the midst of mankind. Even though the Temple has been destroyed, the mountain symbolically reminds man of the presence of the true God.—S.R. Hirsch", "the city of the great King.8Some commentators say that the great king refers to David, rather than to God.", "God, in its palaces,", "has become known as a Stronghold.", "For behold, the kings assembled,9The kings had assembled to attack Jerusalem.—Rashi", "they passed by together.", "They saw and were astounded,10When the kings, who assembled to attack Jerusalem, witnessed the wondrous deeds which God performed in His victorious battle against their armies, they were astounded and terrified.—Radak", "they panicked and fled in haste.", "Trembling siezed them there,", "like the pangs of a woman in labor.", "With an east wind", "You smashed the ships of Tarshish.", "As we heard, so we saw", "in the city of Adonoy of hosts,", "in the city of our God;", "may God establish it for eternity, Selah.", "We hoped, God, for Your lovingkindness", "in the midst of Your Sanctuary.", "As Your Name, God, so is Your praise—11We testify that Your wondrous deeds match the praise and exalted names which the Prophets used to describe Your might.—Radak", "to the ends of the earth;", "Your right hand is full of righteousness.", "Let Mount Zion rejoice,", "let the daughters12Or cities of Judah. of Judah exult,", "because of Your judgments.", "Rally around Zion and encircle her,", "count her towers.", "Consider well her ramparts,", "raise high her citadels,", "that you may recount it to future generations.", "That this is God, our God", "forever and ever,", "He will lead us like children.13Hirsch and others translate, “He will lead us beyond death.” They divide almus into two words al mus. Our translation follows Rashi, who renders it as one word.", "(Deliver us...; Mourner's Kaddish.)", "On Tuesday:", "Today is the third day of the week,", "on which the Levites used to recite", "in the Holy Temple:", "A psalm of Assaf14Assaf was one of the ten composers who contributed to the Book of Psalms; he wrote eleven psalms (73-83). The leading Levite musician of his times, he was also endowed with the spirit of prophecy.", "God stands", "in the congregation of the Almighty,15The Talmud designates psalm 82 for the third day of the week because on the third day of Creation, God in His wisdom revealed the earth and established the world for His chosen “congregation.” This psalm is an allusion to Genesis 1:9 where we read, “God said, ‘Let the waters beneath the heavens be gathered (congregate) into one place, so that the dry land may appear’.”.—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a", "in the midst of the judges He gives judgement.", "How long will you judge lawlessly", "and show partiality to the wicked forever?", "Render justice to the lowly and the orphan,", "deal righteously with the poor and destitute.", "Rescue the lowly and the needy,", "save them from the hand of the wicked.", "They neither know nor understand,16“They” refers to the judges.", "they walk along in darkness,", "all the foundations of the earth are shaken.17Justice is one of the three pillars upon which the earth rests (Maseches Avos 1:18). Without justice there is no stability in the world.", "I had said \"You are godlike beings,", "all of you, sons of the Most High.\"", "Nevertheless, you shall die like men,", "and fall like one of the princes.", "Arise, God, judge the earth,", "for You will inherit all the nations.", "(Deliver us...; Mourner's Kaddish.)", "On Wednesday:", "Today is the fourth day of the week,", "on which the Levites used to recite", "in the Holy Temple:", "Almighty of vengeance, Adonoy,18Psalm 94, “Almighty of vengeance” was sung on the fourth day because God created the sun and the moon on the fourth day, and He will punish those who worship them.—Maseches Rosh Hashana", "Almighty of vengeance, reveal Yourself.", "Arise Judge of the earth,", "repay the arrogant their just reward.", "How long shall the wicked—", "Adonoy—", "how long shall the wicked exult?", "They express, they speak with arrogance;", "all the evildoers are boastful.", "Adonoy, they crush Your people", "and Your heritage they oppress.", "The widow and stranger they kill,", "and orphans they murder.", "And they say, \"God does not see,", "the God of Jacob is not concerned.\"", "Consider,", "[you] stupid [ones] among the people,—", "and you fools when will you become wise?", "He Who implanted the ear, does He not hear?", "He Who formed the eye, does He not see?", "He Who chastises nations,", "does He not reprove—", "He that teaches man knowledge?", "Adonoy knows the thoughts of men,", "that they are vanity.", "Fortunate is the man", "whom You chastise, God,", "and whom You instruct from Your Torah.", "To grant him tranquility from days of evil,", "until the pit is dug for the wicked.", "for Adonoy will not abandon His people", "and His inheritance, He will not forsake.", "For justice shall return unto righteousness,", "and all the upright in heart will follow it.", "Who will rise up for me against the wicked,", "who will stand up for me", "against the evildoers?", "Had Adonoy not been my help,", "in an instant", "my soul would have dwelt in the silent grave.", "If [Whenever] I said, my foot has slipped,", "Your kindliness, Adonoy upheld me.", "When (worrisome) thoughts multiply", "within me,", "Your consolations soothe my soul.", "Can a tribunal of evil have accord with You—", "[a tribunal] that makes iniquity into law?", "They gang up against the life of the righteous,", "and blood of the innocent they condemn.", "Adonoy has been my stronghold,", "my God the Rock of my refuge.", "He turns their violence against them,", "and with their own wickedness", "destroys them;", "Adonoy, my God, destroys them.", "Come let us sing to Adonoy;", "let us shout for joy", "to the Rock of our Deliverance.19This verse and the following two are from Psalms 95:1-3.", "Let us greet Him with thanksgiving;", "with song let us shout for joy to Him.", "for a great Almighty is Adonoy;", "a great King over all godlike beings.", "(Deliver us...; Mourner's Kaddish.)", "On Thursday:", "Today is the fifth day of the week,", "on which the Levites used to recite", "in the Holy Temple:", "To Him Who grants victory—20Psalm 81 was designated for the fifth day “Because God created the birds and fish on that day.” These creatures bring joy to the world and when people observe the vast variety of the bird and fish species, they are awed by God's creativity. They are thus inspired to sing joyously to God.—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a", "upon the Gittis,21Gittis was a musical instrument that was manufactured in the town of Gat. a psalm of Assaf:", "Sing joyously to God, our strength,", "shout for joy to the God of Jacob.22Meiri associates the word הריעו with תרועה, sounding the shofar. Thus the verse reads, “Sound the shofar to the God of Jacob.”", "Take up the hymn, sound the drum,", "the pleasant harp and the lute.", "Blow the shofar on the Rosh Chodesh,", "at the appointed time for our festive day.23The Talmud relates the word כסה with כסה, covering. All other festivals occur when the moon is clearly visible. Rosh Hashana occurs at the beginning of the month when the moon is barely visible.—Maseches Rosh Hashana 8a", "For it is a statute for Israel,", "a [day of] judgement of the God of Jacob.24S.R. Hirsch translates, “The God of Jacob sits in judgment.”", "As a testimony for Yehosef, He ordained it25Joseph feared God's Name and refused to give in to the wiles of Potiphar's wife. Because he sanctified God's Name, he merited that the letter hei from God's Name should be added to his name, making it Yehosef, יהוסף.—Maseches Sotah 10b.", "when he went out over the land of Egypt,", "[where] an unfamiliar language I heard.", "From the burden, I removed his shoulder,", "his hands were removed from the cauldron.26Rashi says that this refers to the cooking and menial kitchen tasks which the Jewish slaves were forced to do in Egypt.", "In distress you called out, and I released you,", "I answered you", "[though you called] in secret", "[I answered you] thunderously;", "I tested you at the waters of Merivah. Selah.", "Hear, My people, I will testify about you,", "Israel, if you would just listen to Me.", "Let no strange god be within you,", "nor bow before a foreign god.", "I am Adonoy, your God,", "Who brought you up from the land of Egypt,", "open your mouth wide, and I will fill it.27“Open your mouth wide” and state all your desires.", "But My people did not heed My voice,", "and Israel did not want Me.", "So I sent them to follow their heart's desires,", "let them follow their own devices.", "If only My people would heed Me,", "if Israel would walk in My ways.", "I would immediately subdue their enemies,", "and turn My hand against their tormentors.", "Those who cause hate of Adonoy", "deceive [pretend obedience to] Him,", "but their time (of punishment)", "will be forever.", "But He would feed him (Israel)", "from the cream of the wheat,", "and from the rock,", "I would sate you with honey.", "(Deliver us...; Mourner's Kaddish.)", "On Friday:", "Today is the sixth day of the week,", "on which the Levites used to recite", "in the Holy Temple:", "Adonoy has begun His reign,28On the sixth day, the Levites sang Psalm 93, “Adonoy has begun his reign, with majesty He has clothed Himself,” because He completed the work of creation and reigned over all His creatures.—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a", "with majesty He has clothed Himself;", "Adonoy clothed Himself,", "with strength He has girded Himself;", "He has firmly established the world,", "so that it cannot be moved.", "Your throne stands firm from of old,", "You are from eternity.", "The rivers have raised—Adonoy—", "the rivers have raised their voice,", "the rivers raise their raging waves.", "More than the roar of many waters,", "mightier than the breakers of the sea,", "mighty on high are You \"Adonoy.\"", "Your testimonies are extremely faithful;", "holiness is becoming to Your House,", "Adonoy,—for the length of days.", "(Deliver us...; Mourner's Kaddish.)", "Deliver us, God of our deliverance;", "gather us and save us from the nations", "to give thanks to Your holy Name,", "to be extolled in Your praise.", "Blessed is Adonoy, the God of Israel", "for all eternity,", "and all the people said: \"Amen\"", "Praise God.", "Blessed is Adonoy from Zion,", "Who dwells in Jerusalem.", "Praise God.", "Blessed is Adonoy, God,", "God of Israel", "Who alone performs wonders.", "And blessed is the Name of His glory forever,", "and may His glory fill the whole earth.", "Amen and Amen!" ], "My Soul Bless": [ "The following psalm (104) is recited in many synagogues on Rosh Chodesh days, following the daily psalm.", "My soul, bless Adonoy;", "Adonoy, my God, You are greatly exalted;", "with beauty and splendor", "are You clothed.", "Enwrapped in light, garment-like,", "He spreads out the heavens like a curtain.", "He Who covers", "His upper chambers with water,1This refers to the “waters that are above the skies” (Genesis 1:6-7; Psalms 148:14).—Metsudas Dovid", "He Who makes clouds His chariot,", "He Who walks upon wings of wind.", "He Who makes winds His messengers,", "flaming fires His servants.", "He Who established the earth", "upon its foundations,", "[so] that it shall never be moved.", "The deep,", "He covered as with a garment;2God covers the depths of the seas in order to prevent them from overflowing and destroying the world.—Metsudas Dovid", "the waters remain on mountains.3Even though the nature of water is to flow downward, God nevertheless ordered that there be water on the highest mountains.—Metsudas Dovid", "At Your shout they retreated,", "at Your thunderous voice", "they hastened away.4This sentence describes God's command, “Let the waters under the heavens be gathered together unto one place” (Genesis 1:9).—Metsudas Dovid", "They go up mountains, down into valleys,", "to the specific place You founded for them.", "You set a boundary5The sand is the boundary; the water may not cross it to flood the earth.—Rashi", "[which] they may not cross,", "lest they return to cover the earth.", "He Who sends springs into streams", "to flow between the mountains;", "to water all the beasts of the fields;", "the wild ones quench their thirst.", "Over them dwell the birds of the sky,", "from among the branches, they give voice.", "[You] Who waters the mountains", "from His upper chambers,6See footnote 00.", "from the fruit of Your works7“The fruit of Your works” refers to the rain which satisfies the needs of the earth.—Metsudas Dovid", "the earth is sated.", "[You] Who causes grass to sprout for cattle,", "and vegetation for the labor of man,", "to bring forth bread from the earth;", "wine to cheer the heart of man,", "to make [his] face shine from oil,", "and bread to sustain the heart of man.", "Adonoy's trees are sated,8The trees are satisfied with the rain.", "the cedars of Lebanon that He planted;", "where birds make their nests,", "the stork—the firs are her home.", "The high mountains [are] for the wild goats,", "the rocks a refuge for the rabbits.", "He made the moon to fix seasons", "the sun knows its place to set.", "You make darkness and night comes,", "in which move about", "all the beasts of the forest.", "—The young lions roar for prey,", "and seek their food from the Almighty.", "[When] the sun rises, they gather", "and come into their dens to lie.", "Man goes out to his work,", "to his labor until evening.", "How many are Your works, Adonoy!", "You made them all with wisdom;", "the earth is full of Your possessions!", "This sea, great and wide—", "therein are innumerable creeping things,", "animals small and great.", "There ships travel;", "this Leviathan9According to tradition, God created the Leviathan with a mate but slew her in order that they not reproduce. Because of their tremendous size, they would have brought much destruction to the world (See Rashi in Genesis 1:21).—Rashi", "You formed to frolic with.", "They all look to You expectantly,", "to provide their food in its time.", "[When] You give it to them,", "they gather it in;", "[when] You open Your hand,", "they are sated with goodness.", "Whey You hide Your face,10When God withdraws His sustaining power from any creature or being, it perishes.", "they are panic-stricken;", "When You gather in their breath, they perish,", "and to their dust they return.", "When You send Your spirit,11This refers to the era when God will restore life to the dead.—Rashi", "they will be created [anew];", "and You will renew the face of the earth.", "The glory of Adonoy will endure forever,", "Adonoy will rejoice in His works—", "Who gazes upon the earth and it trembles;", "Who touches the mountains and they erupt.", "I will sing to Adonoy with my life;", "I will offer hymns to my God", "as long as I am alive.", "May my words be pleasant to Him;", "I will rejoice in Adonoy.12When God accepts my prayer, I will rejoice in His deliverance.—Metsudas Dovici", "Sin will be excised from the earth,", "and the wicked will be no more;", "My soul bless Adonoy,", "Praise God.", "(Deliver us...; Mourner's Kaddish.)" ], "Psalm from Rosh Chodesh Elul": [ "The following psalm (27) is recited at the conclusion of services, morning and evenings, from the first day of Elul, through Shemini Atzeres. Others say only until Hoasha'na Rabbah.", "The psalm voices our prayer that God will be our light on Rosh Hashana enabling us to repel the darkness of sin through true repentance, and that He will be our salvation on Yom Kippur, through His compassionate atonement of our sins.", "By David:", "Adonoy is my light and my salvation,", "whom shall I fear?", "Adonoy is the strength1Rav S.R. Hirsch translates, “Adonoy is the source of my life's strength,” thus David declares that God is the fount from which his life derives its power to resist all foes. of my life,", "of whom shall I be afraid?", "When evildoers approach me", "to devour my flesh—", "my tormentors and my foes", "they stumble and fall.", "If an army should encamp against me,", "my heart would not fear;", "if war were to rise against me,", "in this2David says that he trusts in the declaration stated in the opening verse, “Adonoy is my light and my salvation; whom shall I fear?—Rashi, Radak I trust.", "One thing I request of Adonoy,", "[only] that shall I seek,", "that I may dwell3The literal translation of שבתי is “my sitting.” The Talmud states that “no man may ‘sit’ in the courtyard of the Temple except for the kings of the House of David.”—Maseches Sotah 40b in the House of Adonoy", "all the days of my life,", "to behold the pleasantness of Adonoy,", "and to meditate in His Sanctuary.", "For He will hide me in His Tabernacle4The Vilna Gaon comments that all the commandments pertaining to Succos are implied in this verse and the next.", "on the day of distress,", "He will conceal me in the shelter of His Tent,", "upon a rock He will lift me.", "And now my head is raised high", "above my enemies around me;5David declares, “Because I look up to God in every aspect of my existence, I am so exalted that no enemy can harm me.—S.R. Hirsch", "and I will offer in His Tent,", "sacrifices accompanied by trumpets of joy;", "I will sing and chant to Adonoy.", "Adonoy, hear my voice6This verse alludes to Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur. “Hear my voice,” refers to Rosh Hashana when we sound the shofar. The word “my voice (sound)” refers to the “voice” of the shofar. “When I call” refers to Yom Kippur, about which Isaiah (55:6) said, “call to Him when He is near.”—Siddur HaGra when I call;", "be gracious to me and answer me.", "Of You, my heart has said,", "Seek My Presence;", "Your Presence, Adonoy I will seek.", "Conceal not Your Presence from me,", "do not turn away Your servant in anger.", "You have been my help;", "neither cast me off nor abandon me,", "God of my deliverance.", "When my father and mother abandon7Even if I were so depraved that my own mother and father would abandon me to my own devices, God would still gather me up and believe in my ability to mend my ways.—S.R. Hirsch me,", "Adonoy will gather me up.", "Adonoy, teach me Your way,", "and lead me in the path of uprightness,", "because of my watchers.8I.e., his enemies. David asks for Divine help that he be saved even from the mere semblance of wrongdoing so that his foes should not be able to rejoice over his faults.—S.R. Hirsch", "Do not deliver me", "to the will of my tormentors,", "for false witnesses have risen against me,", "who breathe violence.", "Had I not believed9“These false witnesses would have destroyed me had I not believed that I would see the goodness of God in the land of the living.”—Rashi, Radak that I would see", "the goodness of Adonoy", "in the land of living.10There are various interpretations of the “Land of the living.” Some hold that it refers to the present world in which we live—Metsudas Tzion; Ramban holds that it refers to the World-to-Come; and Malbim says that it refers to Eretz Yisroel.", "Hope to Adonoy,", "be strong and He will give you courage;", "and hope to Adonoy.", "(Mourner's Kaddish.)" ], "Psalm in the House of a Mourner": [ "On days when Tachanun is said:", "It is customary to recite this psalm (49) in the house of a mourner during the week of mourning, following the morning and evening services. On weekdays when Tachanun is not said Psalm 16 (page 218) is substituted. This psalm, the final hymn of the psalms set down by the sons of Korach has significance for all mankind. Its message is that man must utilize all his material and physical resources to enhance his spiritual existence so that when his soul survives the body's brief stay on earth it can ascend to immortality. If man fails to recognize his purpose in life and instead regards the acquisition of material wealth the primary aim of life, he forfeits his hope of immortality, and his existence will not continue beyond the grave.—S.R. Hirsch", "To Him Who grants victory,", "a psalm by the sons of Korach.", "Hear this all peoples,", "listen all inhabitants of the decaying world!", "Sons of Adam and sons of men,1Others translate b'nei adam, “Men of low degree” or “Men without pedigree,” and b'nei ish, “Men of high degree” who can trace their ancestry to men of distinction.", "rich and poor together.", "My mouth shall speak wisdom,", "and the meditation of my heart", "shall be of understanding.", "I will incline my ear to a parable,", "I will begin to solve,", "to the accompaniment of a harp,", "my riddle.", "Why should I fear in the days of evil?", "The iniquity I trod upon2These are the sins which a person considers trivial and commits out of carelessness, just as one who walks is not concerned if he steps on something small or insignificant.—S.R. Hirsch surrounds me.", "Those who trust in their wealth", "and take pride in their great riches.3Those who trust in their wealth and glory in their great riches should be in fear.", "A man will not redeem his brother", "neither can he give to God his ransom.4S.R. Hirsch translates, “And thus does not give to God his ransom.” They fail to use their riches to free their fellow men from want and care, and so neglect to pay God the ransom due Him for their own souls. Radak says even if he wanted to ransom his soul from God, he could not, for God does not accept bribes.", "The redemption of their soul is too costly", "and it shall cease5Because they neglected their duty, their soul shall cease to be. They have done nothing to insure the perpetuation of their souls.—S.R. Hirsch to be forever.", "Shall he then live forever,", "shall he never see the grave?", "For he sees that wise men die,", "the fools and senseless perish equally6When the wise die, only their bodies pass away; but their souls live on. The foolish and senseless sinners perish completely, leaving no trace of body or soul.—Rashi, Radak", "and leave their wealth to others.", "Their inner7Some translate the word kirbom as “their graves,” by transposing the letters to kivrom. Because they have no merits, the wicked will not arise at the time of resurrection and therefore, “Their graves are their houses forever” (Ibn Ezra). thoughts are", "that their houses [will last] forever,", "their homes for generation after generation;", "(for) they have proclaimed8They spread their names far and wide by erecting monuments and edifices and naming them after themselves. In this manner, they seek to fulfill their yearning for immortality.—S.R. Hirsch their names", "throughout the lands.", "But man does not endure in his splendor,", "he is likened to the silenced animals.", "This is their way—", "their folly remains with them,", "and [yet] their descendants", "take pleasure in their speech, Selah.", "Like sheep—they are destined for the grave;", "death shall be their shepherd,", "and the upright shall dominate them", "at morning,", "their form will be consumed in the grave;", "[it will not remain] their dwelling-place.", "But God will redeem my soul", "from the [grasp of] the grave,", "for He will take me [to Himself] Selah.", "Fear not when a man grows rich,", "when the glory of his house is increased.", "For when he dies, he shall carry nothing away,", "his glory will not descend after him.", "Because while he lived, he blessed his soul.", "(saying): they will praise you", "because you have done well for yourself.", "He will join the generation of his fathers,", "they shall not see light, for all eternity.", "Man with [all] his splendor,", "[but] without understanding9Man created in the image of God possesses glorious potential, and his soul is filled with Divine splendor, but when he fails to appreciate and utilize his potential, he is likened to the dead animals.—Radak", "is likened to the silenced animals.", "(Mourner's Kaddish.)", "On weekdays when Tachanun is not said, the following is said in the house of a mourner.", "A Michtam10According to Rashi, a michtam was a very special musical arrangement composed for this psalm. of David.", "Preserve me, Almighty,", "for I have taken refuge in You.", "You said to Adonoy,", "You are my Master,", "I have no well-being without You.11You are not obliged to reward me for obeying Your command since You are my Master. And as Your servant, I must heed Your every wish.—Rashi", "Due to the holy that are in the earth,12Any good You do on my behalf is only through the merit of those holy and pious men of the past who are now buried in the earth.—Rashi", "and the mighty,", "are all my desires [fulfilled].", "Let their sufferings multiply,", "those who follow another [sovereignty];", "I will not pour their libations of blood,", "nor carry their names", "upon my lips.", "Adonoy is the portion of my inheritance", "and of my cup;", "You guide my fate.", "The portions that have fallen to me", "are in pleasant places;", "a beautiful inheritance is mine.", "I will bless Adonoy", "Who has given me counsel;", "even for the nights", "in which my mind admonished me.", "I have set Adonoy before me always;13Rabbi Hana Ben Bizra said in the name of Rabbi Shimon the Pious, “He who prays should regard himself as though the Shechina, the Divine Presence, were before him, as it is written, ‘I have set Adonoy before me always’.”—Maseches Sanhedrin 22a", "for surely He is at my right hand,", "I will not be moved.", "Therefore my heart rejoiced", "and my soul exulted;", "also my flesh will dwell in safety.", "For You will not abandon my soul", "to the grave,", "nor will You allow Your devoted one", "to see the pit.", "You will make known to me", "the path of life;", "fullness of joy is in Your presence;", "pleasantness is at Your right hand, evermore.", "Mourner's Kaddish", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name", "in the world which He created", "according to His will", "and may He rule His kingdom", "bring forth His redemption", "and hasten the coming if His Messiah", "in your lifetime and in your days,", "and in the lifetime", "of the entire House of Israel,", "speedily and in the near future—", "and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed", "forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised,", "glorified, and exalted and uplifted,", "honored and elevated and extolled", "be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above)", "all the blessings and hymns,", "praises and consolations", "which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven", "and life", "for us and for all Israel,", "—and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace", "(Ten Days of Penitence: the peace)", "in His high heavens", "may He, make peace", "for us and for all Israel,", "and say, Amen." ], "Aleinu": [ "Hope to Adonoy;", "be strong and He will give you courage", "and hope to Adonoy.", "There is none holy like Adonoy", "for there is none beside You", "and thee is no stronghold like our God.", "For who is a god other than Adonoy", "and who is a stronghold beside our God.", "There is none like our God.", "There is none like our Master.", "There is none like our King.", "There is none like our Deliverer.", "Who is like our God?", "Who is like our Master?", "Who is like our King?", "Who is like our Deliverer?", "Let us thank our God.", "Let us thank our Master.", "Let us thank our King.", "Let us thank our deliverer.", "Blessed is our God.", "Blesed is our Master.", "Blessed is our King.", "Blessed is our Deliverer.", "You are our God.", "You are our Master.", "You are our King.", "You are our Deliverer.", "You will deliver us", "You will arise and have mercy on Zion,", "for it is time to be gracious to her,", "for the appointed time has come", "you are He,", "Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers", "before whom our fathers burned", "the incenese offering.", "The composition of the incense consisted of", "balm, onycha,", "galbanum, and frankincense—", "by weight, seventy maneh of each;", "myrrh, cassia,", "spikenard and saffron", "by weight—", "sixteen maneh of each;", "twelve maneh of costus,", "three maneh of aromatic bark,", "and nine maneh of cinnamon.", "[Also used in compounding the incense were:] Nine kabin of Carshina lye,", "Cyprus wine [measuring]", "three s'in and three kabin—", "if he had no Cyprus wine,", "he could used strong white wine—", "a fourth of a kab of Sodom salt,", "and a minute quantity of maaleh ashan.", "Rabbi Nosson of Babylonia says,", "Add a minute quantity of Jordan amber.", "If one added honey, the incense became unfit;", "and if one omitted any of its spices", "he was liable to the death penalty.", "Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel says:", "The balm is nothing but sap", "which drips from the balsam tree.", "Why was Carshina lye used?", "To refine the onycha", "in order to make it pleasant.", "Why was Cyprus wine used?", "The onycha was soaked in it", "to give it a pungent odor.", "Though the water of Raglayim", "was well suited for that purpose,", "they did not bring", "the water of Raglayim into the Temple", "because it would be disrespectful.", "It was taught in the school of Elijah;", "Whoever studies halachos every day,", "he is assured", "of life in the World-to-Come,", "for it is said,", "The ways (halichos) of the world are His.\"", "Do not read halichos, but halachos:", "Rabbi Eliezer said", "on behalf of Rabbi Chanina:", "the disciples of the wise", "increase peace in the world,", "for it is said:", "‘and all your children", "will be disciples of Adonoy's [Torah];", "and great will be the peace of your children.'", "Do not read banayich [your children]", "but read bonayich [your builders].", "Great is the peace", "of those who love Your Torah,", "and they will have no", "stumbling block [misfortune].", "Let there be peace within your moats,", "serenity within your palaces.", "For the sake of my brethren and companions,", "I will say: ‘peace be with you.'", "For the sake", "of the House of Adonoy, our God,", "I will seek [pray for] your good.", "Mourners say the following Kaddish d'Rabanan", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name", "in the world which He created", "according to His will", "and may He rule His kingdom", "bring forth His redemption", "and hasten the coming of His Mashiach.", "In your lifetime and in your days,", "and in the lifetime", "of the entire House of Israel,", "speedily and in the near future—", "and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed", "forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised,", "glorified, and exalted and uplifted,", "honored and elevated and extolled", "be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above)", "all the blessings and hymns,", "praises and consolations", "which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "Upon Israel, and upon our Sages,", "and upon their disciples,", "and upon all the disciples of their disciples,", "and upon all those who engage in Torah study", "in this land", "and in every land.", "May there be unto them and unto you", "abundant peace, favor, kindness,", "compassion, long life,", "ample sustenance and redemption", "from their Father", "Who is in heaven and on earth,", "—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven", "and a good life", "for us and for all Israel,", "—and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace", "(Ten Days of Penitence: the peace)", "in His high heavens", "may He, in His mercy, make peace", "for us and for all Israel,", "—and say Amein.", "Kol Bo writes that Joshua authored this prayer when he captured Jericho. Taken from the Musaf service of Rosh Hashana, it serves as the closing prayer of all the daily services. As ruled by Tur (Orach Chaim 133), it is said while standing.", "It is our obligation to praise", "the Master of all,", "to ascribe greatness", "to the Creator of the [world in the] beginning:", "that He has not made us", "like the nations of the lands,", "and has not positioned us", "like the families of the earth;", "that He has not assigned", "our portion like theirs,", "nor our lot like that of all their multitudes.", "For they prostrate themselves", "to vanity and nothingness,", "and pray to a god that cannot deliver.", "But we bow, prostrate ourselves,", "and offer thanks", "before the Supreme King of Kings,", "the Holy One blessed is He,", "Who spreads the heavens,", "and establishes the earth,", "and the seat of His glory is in heaven above,", "and the abode of His invincible might", "is in the loftiest heights.", "He is our God, there is nothing else.", "Our King is true,", "all else is insignificant,", "as it is written in His Torah:", "And You shall know this day", "and take into Your heart", "that Adonoy is God", "in the heavens above", "and upon the earth below;", "there is nothing else.1Deuteronomy 4:39.", "We therefore put our hope in You,", "Adonoy our God,", "to soon behold the glory of Your might", "in banishing idolatry from the earth,", "and the false gods will be utterly exterminated", "to perfect the world", "as the kingdom of Shadai.2See page 00, note 00.", "And all mankind will invoke Your Name,", "to turn back to You,", "all the wicked of the earth.", "They will realize and know,", "all the inhabitants of the world,", "that to You, every knee must bend,", "every tongue must swear [allegiance to You].", "Before You, Adonoy, our God,", "they will bow and prostrate themselves,", "and to the glory of Your Name give honor.", "And they will all accept [upon themselves]", "the yoke of Your kingdom,", "and You will reign over them, soon,", "forever and ever.", "For the kingdom is Yours,", "and to all eternity You will reign in glory,", "as it is written in Your Torah:", "Adonoy will reign forever and ever.3Exodus 15:18.", "And it is said:", "And Adonoy will be King", "over the whole earth;", "on that day Adonoy will be One", "and His Name One.4Zecharyah 14:9.", "Do not fear sudden terror", "nor the destruction of the wicked", "when it comes", "take counsel together but it will be foiled", "speak the word and it will not stand", "for God is with us.", "To Your old age I am [with You],", "to Your older years I will sustain You,", "I have made You, and I will carry You,", "I will sustain You and save You." ], "Mourner's Kaddish": [ "Although the Kaddish contains no reference to the dead, it has been recited by mourners for many centuries. The tradition of the mourner's Kaddish began with the following incident: Once, while walking, Rabbi Akiva met a man who had died some time before and was suffering the torments of Purgatory. He pleaded with Rabbi Akiva to go to his home town and teach his son to recite the Kaddish and Borechu, for this would save him from the terrible punishments. Rabbi Akiva and his Court then instituted the practice of mourners reciting the Kaddish, for until then it had been limited to the Chazzan's reciting it only after the services or after a sermon (See Tana D'vei Eliyahu Zuta, 17: Zohar Parshas Noach).", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name", "in the world which He created", "according to His will", "and may He rule His kingdom", "bring forth His redemption", "and hasten the coming if His Messiah", "in your lifetime and in your days,", "and in the lifetime", "of the entire House of Israel,", "speedily and in the near future—", "and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed", "forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised,", "glorified, and exalted and uplifted,", "honored and elevated and extolled", "be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above)", "all the blessings and hymns,", "praises and consolations", "which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven", "and life", "for us and for all Israel,", "—and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace", "(Ten Days of Penitence: the peace)", "in His high heavens", "may He, make peace", "for us and for all Israel,", "and say, Amen." ], "Six Verses of Remembrance": [ "According to some authorities it is a mitzvah to recite these six verses of remembrance every day. Those who do so are assured of a share in the World-to-Come.", "The Exodus", "...in order that you remember the day", "you came out of the land of Egypt", "all the days of your life.1Deuteronomy 16:3.", "The Revelation at Mount Sinai", "Only beware,", "and guard you soul diligently,", "lest you forget the things", "which your eyes have seen;", "lest they be removed from your heart", "all the days of your life;", "and make them known to your children", "and to your children's children.", "[That what you witnessed] the day you stood", "before Adonoy your God at Chorev.2Deuteronomy 4:9-10.", "The Attack of Amalek", "Remember", "what Amalek did to you", "on the way, as you came out of Egypt!", "How he encountered you on the way,", "and he cut off all the weak ones", "[who were straggling] behind you,", "when you were weary and exhausted;", "and he did not fear God.3Other commentators say that these words refer to the Jewish people, who did not fear God.", "When Adonoy, Your God, will relieve you", "from all your enemies around you,", "in the land which Adonoy, your God,", "gives you as a possession to inherit;", "you shall eradicate the memory of Amalek", "from beneath the heavens. Do not forget.4Deuteronomy 25:17-19.", "The Sin of the Golden Calf", "Remember, do not forget,", "how you provoked", "Adonoy, Your God, in the desert.5Deuteronomy 9:7.", "What Happened to Miriam", "Remember", "what Adonoy, your God, did", "to Miriam", "on the way, when you came out of Egypt.6Deuteronomy 24:9.", "The Sabbath", "Remember the Sabbath day to sanctify it.7Exodus 20:8." ], "Thirteen Principles of Faith": [ "Many great medieval scholars formulated articles of faith, among them Rav Saadya Gaon, Rav Yehuda Halevi, Rabbeinu Bachya. Maimonides, the foremost of them all, formulated thirteen principles that have attained wide recognition and enduring fame.1In a fascinating work, Rosh Amana, Don Isaac Abarbanel enumerates all the attacks on each and all of Maimonides’ principles, adding his own incisive questions to those of his predecessors, and then proceeds to vindicate Maimonides’ principles, and their precise formulation. ", "The thirteen principles fall into three groups: The first five declare the existence of God as the Creator, One, incorporeal, eternal and alone worthy of man's worship.", "The next four deal with the Divine revelation of the Torah, the authenticity of prophecy, particularly that of Moses, and the immutability of the Torah.", "The last four deal with God in history, reward and punishment, belief in the coming of Messiah, and the resurrection of the dead.", "1. I believe with complete faith", "that the Creator, blessed is His Name,", "is the Creator and Guide", "of all created things,", "and He alone has made, does make,", "and will make all things.", "2. I believe with complete faith", "that the Creator, blessed is His Name,", "is unique,", "and there is no uniqueness like His", "in any manner;", "and that He alone is our God,", "Who was, is, and will ever be.", "3. I believe with complete faith", "that the Creator, blessed is His Name,", "is not corporeal,", "and that He is beyond all corporeal concepts,", "and there is nothing at all comparable to Him.", "4. I believe with complete faith", "that the Creator, blessed is His Name,", "is First and Last.", "5. I believe with complete faith", "that the Creator, blessed is His Name,", "is the only One to Whom it is proper to pray,", "and to no being beside Him", "is it proper to pray.", "6. I believe with complete faith", "that all the words of the prophets are true.", "7. I believe with complete faith", "that the prophecy of our teacher, Moses,", "may he rest in peace,", "was true,", "and that he was the father of all prophets,", "—of those who preceded him,", "and of those who followed him.", "8. I believe with complete faith", "that the entire Torah", "which is now in our possession,", "is the very one that was given", "to our teacher Moses, may he rest in peace.", "9. I believe with complete faith", "that this Torah will not be exchanged,", "and that no additional Torah", "[will be given] by the Creator,", "blessed is His Name.", "10. I believe with complete faith", "that the Creator, blessed is His Name,", "knows all the deeds of men", "and all their thoughts,", "as it is said,2Psalms 33:15.", "He Who forms all their hearts as one,", "Who comprehends all their deeds.", "11. I believe with complete faith", "that the Creator, blessed is His Name,", "rewards those who keep His commandments,", "and punishes those", "who transgress His commandments.", "12. I believe with complete faith", "in the coming of the Messiah", "and even though he may tarry,", "nevertheless,", "I yearn every day for his coming.", "13. I believe with complete faith", "that there will be a resurrection of the dead", "at a time that pleases", "the Creator, blessed is His Name,", "and His Name will be exalted forever", "and to all eternity." ], "The Chapter of Reverence for God": [ "Deuteronomy 10:12-11:9", "And now Israel, what does Adonoy, your God, require of you, but to fear Adonoy, your God, to walk in all His ways, and to love Him and to serve Adonoy, your God, with all your heart and with all your soul. To keep the commandments of Adonoy and His decrees, which I command you this day. Behold, the heaven and the highest of heavens belong to Adonoy, your God, the earth and all that is in it. Yet only in your fathers did Adonoy delight, to love them, and He chose their offspring after them, even you among all the peoples as [it is] this day. Circumcise the barrier of your heart, and be stiffnecked no longer. For Adonoy, your God, is God of all powers and the Master of all masters, the Almighty, the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome, Who has no regard for personages and takes no bribes. Who does justice for the orphan and the widow, and loves the stranger, giving him food and clothing. You must love the stranger for you were strangers in the land of Egypt. You must fear Adonoy, your God, serve Him, cleave to Him, and swear by His Name. He is your praise, and He is your God, Who did with you all these great and awesome things that your eyes have seen. With seventy people your fathers descended to Egypt, and now Adonoy, your God, has made you as abundant as the stars of heaven. [Therefore] you shall love Adonoy, your God, and keep His trust, His decrees, His statutes, and His commandments all the days. And you should know this day, that it is not with your children who have not known and who did not experience the chastisement of Adonoy, your God, His mighty hand, and His outstretched arm. His signs and His deeds that He performed in the midst of Egypt, to Pharaoh, the king of Egypt, and to all his land. And what He did to the army of Egypt, to their horses, and to their chariots; how He made the water of the Sea of Reeds drown them as they pursued you, and Adonoy destroyed them to this very day. And what He did for you in the wilderness, until you came into this place. And what He did unto Dathan and Aviram, the sons of Eliav, son of Reuben, when the earth opened her mouth, and swallowed them, and their households, their tents and all the substance that was in their possession in the midst of all Israel. But your eyes have seen all the great deeds of Adonoy, that He performed. You should [therefore] keep all the commandments which I command you this day, so you will be strong, and go in and possess the land, to which you are passing over to possess it. And in order to prolong your days upon the land Adonoy swore to your fathers to give to them and to their offspring; a land flowing with milk and honey.", "The following prayer is omitted on Shabbos and Yom Tov", "May it be Your will Adonoy, my God, and the God of my fathers, to implant Your love and fear of You in my heart and in the heart of all Israel, Your people, to fear Your Great, Mighty and Awesome Name with all our heart and with all our soul, for You are great and Your Name is awesome. Amein. Selah." ], "The Chapter of Repentance": [ "Deuteronomy 30:1-11", "And it will come to pass when all these things come upon you, the blessing and the curse which I have set before you, that you will take it to heart in the midst of all the nations to which Adonoy, your God, has driven you. Then you will return unto Adonoy, your God, and obey His voice according to everything that I command you this day, you and your children, with all your heart and with all your soul. And then Adonoy, your God, will return your captivity and have compassion upon you; and He will return and gather you from among all the peoples where Adonoy, your God, has scattered you. Even if your scattered ones will be dispersed unto the outermost parts of heaven, from there Adonoy, your God, will gather you, and from there, He will take you. And Adonoy, your God, will bring you into the land which your forefathers possessed, and you will possess it; and He will do good to you and increase you even more than your fathers. Adonoy, your God, will circumcise your heart, and the hearts of your descendants, to love Adonoy, your God, with all your heart and with all your soul, that you may live. Then Adonoy, your God, will set all these curses upon your enemies, and upon those who hate you, who have pursued you. But you will repent and listen to the voice of Adonoy, and perform all His commandments that I command you this day. And Adonoy, your God, will cause you to prosper in all your activities, in the fruit of your womb, in the fruit of your cattle, and the fruit of your soil, for good; for Adonoy will rejoice over you for goodness as He rejoiced over your fathers. For you will then obey the voice of Adonoy, your God, to observe His commandments and His decrees that are written in this Seifer Torah; for you will then return to Adonoy, your God, with all your heart and with all your soul.", "(The following prayer is not recited on Shabbos and Yom Tov.)", "May it be Your will Adonoy, my God, and the God of my fathers, to construct a passage beneath Your Throne of Glory in order to bring back in perfect repentance all the transgressors of Your people, the House of Israel. And among them, bring me back unto You in perfect repentance, for Your right hand is outstretched to receive those who repent, for You desire repentance. Amein. Selah." ], "The Chapter of Mannah": [ "According to the Jerusalem Talmud, one who recites this Torah chapter every day is assured that he will never lack for food. The prayer preceding the Torah chapter should not be recited on Shabbos or Yom Tov.", "May it be Your will Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, to grant livelihood for all Your people, the House of Israel, and may my livelihood and the livelihood of my household be included among them. May it be granted to us with tranquility and not with suffering, with honor and not with disgrace, legally and not illegally, so that we will be able to serve You and study Your Torah. Grant it to us now as You sustained our ancestors in the wilderness, in a desolate and arid land.", "Exodus 16:4-36", "And Adonoy said to Moses, \"See, I will make bread rain down from heaven for you; and the people will go out and gather it for each day['s needs], so that I may test them to see if they will live according to My Torah or not. On the sixth day, they shall prepare what they bring [home], and it will be twice as much as they gather every day.\" Then Moses and Aaron said to all the Children of Israel, \"When evening comes you will know that it was Adonoy Who brought you out of Egypt. And in the morning you will see the glory of Adonoy, since He has heard your complaints against Adonoy. But we—what are we that you should complain against us?\"", "And Moses said, \"When Adonoy gives us meat to eat in the evening and a satisfying meal of bread in the morning, Adonoy will have heard your complaints, which you are addressing to Him. What are we? Your complaints are not against us, but against Adonoy.\" Then Moses said to Aaron, \"Tell the entire community of the Children of Israel, ‘Come near before Adonoy, for He has heard your complaints.'\" When Adonoy spoke to the entire community of the Children of Israel, they turned toward the wilderness, and behold, the glory of Adonoy appeared in the cloud.", "Adonoy spoke to Moses saying, \"I have heard the complaints of the Children of Israel; speak to them, saying, ‘In the afternoon you will eat meat, and in the morning you will have your fill of bread; and you will know that I am Adonoy, your God.'\" And it was in the evening that flocks of quail rose and covered the encampment; and in the morning there was a layer of dew around the encampment.", "The layer of dew evaporated, and behold on the surface of the wilderness were thin flakes, as fine as frost on the ground. The Children of Israel saw it and said to one another, \"What is this?\" For they did not know what it was. Moses said to them, \"This is the bread that Adonoy is giving you to eat.\" \"This is what Adonoy has commanded: Every man shall take as much as he needs for food, an omer per person; according to the number of your souls let each man take for the individuals in his tent.\" The Children of Israel did so; they gathered it, some more, some less. But when then they measured it with an omer, the one who took more did not have extra, and the one who took less was not lacking. Each one had gathered according to his required nourishment. Moses said to them, \"Let jo one leave any of it over until morning.\" But some did not listen to Moses and left part of it over until the morning. It turned wormy and became putrid; and Moses was angry at them; they gathered it each morning, every man according to what he needed. The sun then became hot and it melted.", "On the sixth day [of the week] they gathered a double portion of food, two omers for each person. All the leaders of the community came and reported it to Moses. He said to them, \"This is what Adonoy has [already] spoken: tomorrow is a day of rest, Adonoy's holy Shabbos. Bake what you want to bake, and cook what you want to cook and whatever is left over, put away carefully until morning. They put it away until morning as Moses commanded, and it did not become putrid, and there were no worms in it. Then Moses said, \"Eat it today, for today is Adonoy's Shabbos. Today you will not find [manna] in the field. Six days you shall gather it, but the seventh day is Shabbos; there will be no [manna] on that day.\" But it happened on the seventh day that some of the people went out to gather [manna] but they found nothing.", "Adonoy said to Moses, \"How long will you refuse to keep My commandments and My teachings? Look, Adonoy has given you the Shabbos; that is why on the sixth day He gave you food for two days. Every man must remain in his place; no man may leave his designated place on the seventh day.\" So the people rested on the seventh day. The House of Israel named the food manna. It was like white coriander seed and it tasted like dough kneaded with honey. Moses said, \"This is what Adonoy has commanded, ‘Fill an omer measure with it as a keepsake for your generations, so they will see the food with which I fed you in the wilderness when I took you out of Egypt.\" Moses said to Aaron, \"Take a jar and place an omer full of manna in it, and place it before Adonoy as a keepsake for your generations.\" As Adonoy commanded Moses, so did Aaron place it before the Testimony as a keepsake. The Children of Israel ate the manna for forty years until they came to an inhabited land. They ate the manna until they came to the edge of the land of Canaan. The omer is one-tenth of a ephah." ] }, "Birkas Hamazon": [ "Psalm 137", "Psalm 137 is recited before Birkas Hamazon on weekdays in memory of the destruction of the Beis Hamikdash:", "By the rivers of Babylon,", "there we sat and we also wept,", "when we remembered Zion.", "Upon the willows in its midst,", "we hung our harps.", "For there our captors demanded of us", "words of song,", "and our tormentors asked of us [with] mirth;", "Sing to us from the song[s] of Zion.", "How shall we sing the song of Adonoy", "on alien soil?", "If I ever forget you, Jerusalem,", "may my right hand forget [its movement].", "May my tongue cleave to my palate,", "if I remember you not;", "if I set not Jerusalem", "above my highest joy.", "Remember, Adonoy,", "to the sons of Edom the day of Jerusalem,", "[it was they] who said,", "Raze it, raze it to its very foundation.", "Daughter of Babylon,", "you are the annihilated one;", "fortunate is he who will repay you", "for all you have done to us.", "Fortunate is he who will take", "and dash your little ones against the rock.", "Psalm 126", "Psalm 126 is recited on Shabbos, Yom Tov and other festive occasions such as weddings, circumcisions or redemption of the first born.", "A Song of Ascents.", "When Adonoy brings about", "the return to Zion", "we will have been like dreamers.1Upon the redemption and return to Zion, the harshness of the exile will seem to the Jews like a terrible dream.—Radak
The splendor of the return to Zion will be like the realization of an impossible dream.—Seporno", "Then will our mouths be filled with laughter,2In the Talmud (Maseches Berachos 31a) Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai rules that a Jew is forbidden to fill his mouth with laughter in this world until the time comes when all nations declare: “Adonoy has done great things for them”—as the verse states: אז ימלא שחוק פינו, then: only then, when God’s love for us is universally recognized, may we experience total exultation.", "and our tongue with joyous song.", "Then will they say among the nations:", "‘Adonoy has done great things for them.'", "Adonoy had done great things for us;", "we will [then] rejoice.", "Adonoy! bring back our exiles", "like springs in the desert.3Just as springs of water can transform an arid desert into a fertile oasis, so will we be transformed, and flourish when God delivers us from exile.—Rashi", "Those who sow in tears", "will reap with joyous song.4A person who plants in desert-like soil is always fearful that his crops will not grow. If a spring of water should suddenly appear on his land, his joy will know no bounds. So great will our joy be at the ultimate redemption that will follow the oppression of exile.—Radak", "[Though] he walks along weeping,", "carrying the bag of seed,", "he will return with joyous song", "carrying his sheaves.", "When three or more males, aged 13 or older eat together one of them leads the group in reciting the Birkas Hamazon.", "The leader begins by saying:", "\"Gentlemen, let us say the blessing:", "The others respond:", "The Name of Adonoy will be blessed", "from now forever.", "The leader repeats:", "\"The Name of Adonoy will be blessed", "from now forever.\"", "The leader continues: (the words \"our God\" are substituted for \"Him\" and \"He\" if ten males are in the group):", "\"With your permission", "our masters and teachers,", "Let us bless (our God,) Him,", "for we have eaten of His bounty.\"", "The others respond accordingly:", "Blessed is (our God) He", "for we have eaten of His bounty", "and through His goodness we live.", "The leader repeats:", "\"Blessed is (our God) He", "for we have eaten of His bounty", "and through His goodness we live.\"", "If there are at least 10 men, add:", "Blessed is He and blessed is His Name.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who nourishes the entire world", "with His goodness,", "with favor, with kindness, and with mercy.5The righteous find favor in the eyes of God and are nourished because of their merit. Those who are not so worthy and do not find favor, are provided for through God’s beneficent kindness; while even the least worthy are recipients of God’s mercy.— Maharal in Nesivos Olom", "He provides food for all flesh,6This citation from Psalms 136:25 indicates that God’s kindness and compassion are universal, relating to all flesh, including animals.—Avudraham.", "for His kindness endures forever.", "And through His great goodness,", "we have never lacked", "and we will not lack food", "forever and ever,", "for the sake of His great Name.", "For He is Almighty", "Who nourishes7“Nourishes” refers to food, “maintains” refers to clothing and “does good” refers to shelter. These are the basic needs of man, all of which God provides.—Etz Yosef and maintains all,", "does good to all, and prepares nourishment", "for all His creatures which He has created.", "As it is said:", "You open Your hand", "and satisfy the desire of every living being.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "Who nourishes all.8The first blessing of the Birkas Hamazon was composed by Moses in appreciation for the manna which God provided for the Jews in the desert. The second blessing, beginning with “Let us thank You,” was composed by Joshua in gratitude for the privilege of entering the Promised Land. The third blessing, beginning with “Have mercy,” was composed by David who conquered Jerusalem, and by Solomon who built the Temple. The fourth blessing “Who is good and beneficent to all” was composed by Rabban Gamliel the Elder and his court in Yavneh in gratitude to God for preserving the bodies of the victims of the Roman massacre at Betar, and for being enabled to bring them to proper burial.—Maseches Berachos 48b", "We thank You, Adonoy, our God,", "for Your parceling out as a heritage", "to our fathers,", "a land9The land is mentioned even before the Exodus from Egypt because God demonstrated His extraordinary concern for the Jewish people at the very beginning of their history; first by the promise He gave to the Patriarchs concerning the Land of Israel and then, with the fulfillment of that promise, once He redeemed them from Egypt to enter the Land.—S.R. Hirsch which is", "desirable, good, and spacious;", "for Your bringing us out, Adonoy, our God,", "from the land of Egypt,", "and redeeming us from the house of bondage;", "for Your covenant", "which You sealed in our flesh;", "for Your Torah10“Torah” refers to laws which are comprehensible to the human intellect; it is therefore taught. “Statutes” (חֻקִים) are beyond human understanding and are therefore merely made known to man, for man cannot comprehend them. Eyun Tefilloh which You taught us;", "for Your statutes", "which You made known to us;", "for the life, favor, and kindness", "which You granted us;", "and for the provision of food", "with which You nourish and maintain us", "constantly, every day, at all times", "and in every hour.", "On regular weekdays, continue, \"For everything\" on page 239", "On Chanukah and Purim add:", "If you forgot to say עַל הַנִּסִּים, you may include it when you reach הָרַחֲמָן by saying: הָרַחֲמָן הוּא יַעֲשֶׂה-לָּנוּ נִסִים וְנִפְלָאוֹת כְּמוֹ שֶׁעָשָׂה לַאֲבוֹתֵינוּ בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם בַּזְּמַן הַזֶּה. and then continue on Chanukah with: בִּימֵי מַתִּתְיָהוּ, and on Purim with: בִּימֵי מָרְדְּכַי וְאֶסְתֵּר. If you reminded yourself before concluding the second blessing עַל הָאָרֶץ וְעַל הַמָּזוֹן, you may repeat it at that time and continue with the Birkas Hamazon. ", "[We thank You] for the miracles", "for the redemption, for the mighty deeds,", "for the deliverances, for the wonders", "for the consolations and for the wars", "that You performed for our fathers", "in those days at this season.", "On Chanukah:", "In the days of Matisyahu,", "son of Yochanan the High Priest,", "the Hasmonean and his sons,", "when the evil Greek kingdom rose up", "against Your people Israel", "to make them forget Your Torah", "and to turn them away", "from the statutes of Your will—", "You, in Your abundant mercy,", "stood by them in their time of distress,", "You defended their cause,", "You judged their grievances,", "You avenged them.", "You delivered the mighty", "into the hands of the weak,", "many into the hands of the few,", "defiled people into the hands of the undefiled,", "the wicked into the hands of the righteous,", "and insolent [sinners] into the hands of", "diligent students of Your Torah.", "And You made Yourself", "a great and sanctified name in Your world.", "And for Your people, Israel,", "You performed a great deliverance", "and redemption unto this very day.", "Afterwards, Your sons entered", "the Holy of Holies of Your Abode,", "cleaned Your Temple,", "purified Your Sanctuary,", "and kindled lights", "in the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary,", "and designated these eight days of Chanukah", "to thank and praise Your great Name.", "On Purim:", "In the days of Mordechai and Esther", "in Shushan the Capital [of Persia],", "when the evil Haman rose up against them,", "he sought to destroy, to kill,", "and to annihilate all the Jews,", "young and old, infants and women,", "in one day, the thirteenth day", "of the twelfth month,", "which is the month of Adar,", "and to plunder their wealth", "And You, in Your abundant mercy,", "annulled his counsel,", "frustrated his intention,", "and brought his evil plan upon his own head,", "and they hanged him and his sons", "upon the gallows.", "For everything Adonoy, our God,", "We thank You", "and bless You.", "Blessed be Your Name", "through the mouth of all the living,", "constantly, forever, as it is written:", "When You have eaten and are satisfied,", "You will bless Adonoy, your God,", "for the good land", "which He has given to you.11Deuteronomy 8:10", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "for the land and for the food.", "Have compassion, Adonoy, our God,", "on Israel, Your people,", "on Jerusalem, Your city,", "on Zion, the dwelling place of Your glory,", "on the kingship of the house of David,", "Your anointed;", "and on the great and holy House", "upon which Your Name is called.", "Our God, our Father tend us, nourish us,12“Tend us” by providing the basic necessities of life such as bread and water; “nourish” us with an enriched diet including foods such as fruits and vegetables.—Etz Yosef", "maintain us, sustain us, relieve us13“Maintain us” with food and shelter; “sustain us” by providing our needs on a regular basis, not on a feast or famine cycle; and “relieve us” by giving us ample means to live comfortably.—Etz Yosef", "and grant us relief Adonoy, our God,", "speedily from all our troubles.", "Adonoy, our God—may we never be in need", "of the gifts of men", "nor of their loans,", "but only of Your hand", "which is full, open,", "holy and generous,", "so that we may not be shamed", "nor humiliated14May we not be “ashamed” in this world due to poverty and may we not be “humiliated” in the World-to-Come, because of our transgressions. Poverty often brings shame which in turn might cause a person to lose faith.—Etz Yosef", "forever and ever.", "On regular weekdays, continue, \"Rebuild\"", "On Shabbos add:", "May it please You, to strengthen us", "Adonoy, our God,", "through Your commandments,", "and through the commandment", "of the seventh day,", "this great and holy Sabbath.", "For this day", "is great and holy before You,", "to refrain from work on it", "and to rest on it with love,", "as ordained by Your will.", "And by Your will,", "grant us repose Adonoy, our God,", "that there be no distress, sorrow,", "or sighing on the day of our rest.15Even though prayers for personal needs are not recited on Shabbos, this particular prayer does contain such a request, because it is so closely interwoven with the commandment to rest on Shabbos. Since we are commanded to make Shabbos a day of sacred rest, we ask that our repose not be desecrated by distress or misfortune.—Avudraham", "Show us Adonoy, our God,", "the consolation of Zion, Your city,", "and the rebuilding of Jerusalem,", "city of Your Sanctuary,", "for You are the Master of deliverance", "and the Master of consolation.", "On Rosh Chodesh and Yom Tov add:", "Our God and God of our fathers,", "may there ascend, come, and reach,", "appear, be desired, and heard,", "counted and recalled", "our remembrance and reckoning;", "the remembrance of our fathers;", "the remembrance of the Messiah", "the son of David, Your servant;", "the remembrance of Jerusalem,", "city of Your Sanctuary;", "and the remembrance of Your entire people,", "the House of Israel, before You", "for survival, for well-being,", "for favor, kindliness, compassion,", "for good life and peace", "on this day of:", "Rosh Chodesh", "the Festival of Matzos", "the Festival of Sukkos", "the Festival of Shmini Atseres", "Remembrance", "Remember us Adonoy, our God,", "on this day for well-being;", "be mindful of us on this day for blessing,", "and deliver us for good life.", "In accord with the promise of deliverance", "and compassion,", "spare us and favor us,", "have compassion on us and deliver us;", "for to You our eyes are directed", "because You are the Almighty", "Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "If you forgot to say רְצֵה or יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא and became aware of it before starting the fourth blessing (הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב), or even if you are in doubt, see pages 249-250 for the appropriate blessing.", "If you reminded yourself after you had already begun the fourth blessing and have said: בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה ה', then you must repeat the entire Birkas Hamazon. These laws apply only to Shabbos, and the Festival days of Pesach, Shavuos and Sukkos. On Chol Ha-Moed or on Rosh Chodesh days that do not fall on Shabbos, you need not repeat the Birkas Hamazon even though you began the blessing of הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב.", "Rebuild Jerusalem, city of the Holy Sanctuary,", "speedily, in our days.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Builder of Jerusalem in His mercy. Amein.16It is unusual for one to answer Amein after his own blessing. This blessing ends with Amein because it marks the end of the three blessings, authority for which is derived from Deuteronomy (8:10) and separates them from the next blessing which is Rabbinic in origin.—Maseches Berachos 45b", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "the Almighty, our Father, our King,", "our Mighty One, our Creator, our Redeemer,", "our Maker, our Holy One, Holy One of Jacob,", "our Shepherd, Shepherd of Israel,", "the King, Who is good and beneficent to all.", "Every single day He has done good,", "does good, and will do good to us.", "He has rewarded us, He rewards us,", "He will reward us forever with", "favor, kindness, and compassion,", "relief, rescue, and success,", "blessing, deliverance, and consolation,", "maintenance, sustenance, compassion,", "life, peace, and everything good;", "and of all good things", "may He never deprive us.17Many people are granted the bounties of life but are unable to enjoy them. We first invoke God’s blessing for all the good things in life and then ask Him to grant us the privilege of enjoying them.—Iyun Tefilloh.", "The Merciful One will reign over us", "forever and ever.", "The Merciful One will be blessed", "in heaven and on earth.", "The Merciful One will be praised", "for all generations,", "He will be glorified through us", "forever and for all eternity;", "and He will be honored through us", "for time everlasting.", "May the Merciful One", "maintain us with honor.", "The Merciful One will break the yoke", "(of oppression) from our necks", "and lead us upright", "to our land.", "May the Merciful One send us", "abundant blessing to this house,", "and upon this table", "at which we have eaten.", "The Merciful One will send us", "Elijah the prophet,", "who is remembered for good,", "who will announce to us", "good tidings, deliverances,", "and consolations.", "When eating at your parents' table, say:", "May the Merciful One bless", "my father, my teacher,", "the master of this house,", "and my mother, my teacher,", "the mistress of this house;", "them, their household,", "their children", "and all that is theirs.", "When eating at your own table, say:", "May the Merciful One bless", "me, my spouse, my children,", "and all that is mine;", "A guest says:", "May the Merciful One bless", "the host", "and the hostess,", "them, their household, their children", "and all that is theirs.", "May18This blessing is quoted from the talmud (Maseches Berachos 46a). It has been omitted in most Siddurim. The Mishnah Berura (201:5) takes issue with its omission. We have incorporated it in this edition. it be God's will that the", "host not be shamed", "in this world", "or humiliated in the World to Come.", "May he have great success", "with all his possessions.", "May his properties and ours prosper", "and be located close to town.", "May no evil force have power over", "his endeavors", "or our endeavors.", "May no opportunity present itself before him", "or before us", "to contemplate", "[committing any] sin,", "transgression or iniquity", "from now forever.", "Ours and all that is ours—", "just as our forefathers were blessed—", "Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob—", "In all things,19Abraham was blessed “in all things.” Genesis 24:1 \"From everything,\"20Isaac said: “I have partaken from everything.” Genesis 27:33", "and \"With everything\";21Jacob said: “I have everything.” Genesis 33:11", "so may He bless us,", "all of us together, with a perfect blessing", "and let us say Amein.", "From on high,", "may there be invoked upon them", "and upon us, [the] merit", "to insure peace,", "And may we receive a blessing from Adonoy,", "and kindness", "from the God of our deliverance;", "and may we find favor and understanding", "in the eyes of God and man.", "On Shabbos say:", "May the Merciful One let us inherit", "the day which will be completely Shabbos", "and rest, for life everlasting.", "On Rosh Chodesh say:", "May the Merciful One renew for us", "this month", "for good and for blessing.", "On Yom Tov say:", "May the Merciful One let us inherit", "that day which is completely good.", "On Rosh Hashono say:", "May the Merciful One renew for us", "this year", "for good and for blessing.", "On Sukkos say:", "May the Merciful One raise up for us", "the fallen Tabernacle of David.", "May the Merciful One make us worthy", "of the days of the Messiah", "and life of the World to Come.", "He who gives great deliverance to His king,", "(On Shabbos and Yom Tov say:", "He who is a tower of deliverance", "to His king,22During weekdays when we feel the darkness of exile we say: “God gives deliverance to His king,” thus acknowledging His preparation for the time of redemption. On Shabbos and Yom Tov which are reminiscent of the time of the Messiah, when God will be a tower of deliverance, we state it as a fact.)", "and shows kindness to His anointed—", "to David and his descendants forever.23II Samuel 22:51", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens", "may He make peace for us", "and for all Israel,", "and say, Amein.", "Fear Adonoy, [you] His holy ones,", "for those who fear Him suffer no deprivation.", "Young lions may feel want and hunger,", "but those who seek Adonoy,", "will not be deprived of any good thing.24Psalms 34:10-11", "Give thanks to Adonoy, for He is good,", "for His kindness endures forever.25Psalms 136:1", "You open Your hand", "and satisfy the desire of every living being.26Psalms 145:16", "Blessed is the man who trusts in Adonoy,", "so that Adonoy is his security.27Jeremiah 17:7", "I was young and I have grown old,", "yet I have never seen", "a righteous man forsaken,", "nor his children begging for bread.28Psalms 37:25", "Adonoy will give strength to His people,", "Adonoy will bless His people with peace.29Psalms 29:11", "The following blessings are said in the event you forgot to say רְצֵה or יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא and reminded yourself before starting the fourth blessing, הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב.", "If you forgot to say רְצֵה on Shabbos:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who gave Shabbosos for rest", "to His people Israel with love", "for a sign and a covenant.", "Blessed are You Adonoy,", "Sanctifier of Shabbos.", "If you forgot to say יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא on Rosh Chodesh:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "King of the Universe,", "Who gave Rosh Chodesh days", "to His people Israel for remembrance.", "If you forgot to say יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא on Yom Tov: ", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who gave Yomim Tovim", "to His people Israel for happiness and joy,", "this day of (name the Yom Tov).", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Sanctifier of Israel and the seasons.", "If a Yom Tov occurs on Shabbos and you forgot to say רְצֵה and יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who gave Shabbosos for rest", "to His people Israel with love,", "for a sign and a covenant,", "and Yomim Tovim for happiness and joy,", "this day of (name the Yom Tov.)", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Sanctifier of Shabbos, Israel,", "and the seasons.", "If you forgot to say יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא on Rosh Hashanah:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who gave Festivals", "to His people Israel for remembrance.", "If Rosh Hashanah occurs on Shabbos and you forgot to say רְצֵה and יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who gave Shabbosos for rest", "to His people Israel, with love", "for a sign and a covenant,", "and Yomim Tovim to Israel,", "for remembrance.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Sanctifier of Shabbos, Israel,", "and the Day of Remembrance." ], "Concluding Blessings": [ "After eating foods of the five species of grain, or wine, grapes, figs, pomegranates, olives, or dates.", "The following blessing is said after eating cooked or baked foods prepared from any of the five species of grain: wheat, barley, rye, oats, or spelt.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the universe,", "for the food and the sustenance", "(Continue: \"for the produce,\" on next page)", "After drinking wine:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the universe,", "for the vine and the fruit of the vine;", "(Continue: \"for the produce,\" on next page)", "After eating grapes, figs, olives, dates or pomegranates:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the universe,", "for the trees and fruits of the trees", "(Continue: \"for the produce,\" below)", "After eating grain foods and drinking wine:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the universe,", "for the food and the sustenance;", "for the vine and the fruit of the vine;", "(Continue: \"for the produce,\" below)", "for the produce of the field;", "and for the land", "which is delightful, good, and spacious", "that You were pleased", "to allot as a heritage to our ancestors,", "to eat of its fruit", "and to be satisfied with its goodness.", "Have compassion Adonoy, our God,", "upon Israel, Your people,", "upon Jerusalem, Your city,", "upon Zion, the dwelling place of Your glory,", "upon Your Altar and upon Your Temple.", "Rebuild Jerusalem, city of the Holy Sanctuary", "speedily in our days:", "bring us up into it", "and cause us to rejoice in its rebuilding;", "let us eat from its fruit", "and be satisfied with its goodness,", "and bless You for it", "in holiness and purity.", "On Shabbos say:", "May it please You to strengthen us", "on this Shabbos Day.", "On Rosh Chodesh say:", "Remember us for good", "on this Rosh Chodesh day.", "On the Yom Tov say: (choose the appropriate phrase)", "Cause us to rejoice on:", "this Festival of Matzos.", "this Festival of Shavuos.", "this Festival of Sukkos.", "this Festival of Shemini Atzeres.", "On Rosh Hashanah say:", "Remember us for good", "on this Day of Remembrance.", "For You, Adonoy, are good", "and beneficent to all,", "and we thank You for the land", "After food prepared from the five grains, say:", "and for the food.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "for the land and for the food.", "(and for the sustenance)1According to some authorities, “And for the sustenance” is added to the blessing.", "After wine say:", "and for the fruit of the vine.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "for the land and for the fruit of the vine.", "After grapes, figs, olives, dates, pomegranates, say:", "and for the fruits.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "for the land and for the fruits.", "After grain foods and wine say:", "and for the food,", "and for the fruit of the vine.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "for the land, and for the food,", "(and for the sustenance)2According to some authorities, “And for the sustenance” is added to the blessing.", "and for the fruit of the vine.", "After partaking of all other foods and drinks say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the universe,", "Creator of numerous living things", "and what they lack,", "for all that You have created", "in order to sustain the life of every being.", "Blessed [is He Who] is", "the Life of the Worlds." ], "Berachos Said Before Performing Mitzvos": [ "Before putting up a Mezuzah, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who sanctified us with His commandments", "and commanded us to attach a mezuzah.", "Upon erecting a protective fence around a roof or porch, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who sanctified us with His commandments", "and commanded us", "to erect a [protective] barrier.", "Before immersing metal or glass utensils in a Mikveh, say:", "[This applies only to vessels manufactured by or purchased from a non-Jew, and are used for the preparation or in the consumption of food or drink.]", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who sanctified us with His commandments", "and commanded us about immersing vessels.", "Separating the challah from the dough:", "[When you prepare a batch of dough that is at least 3 lbs. 10.7 ounces, you must remove a kazayis piece of dough and recite the above blessing. This piece is then burned. If the dough weighs at least 2 lbs, 10 ounces but less than 3 lbs, 10.7 ounces, the kazayis piece is removed but the blessing is not recited.]", "Before separating the challah from the dough, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who sanctified us with His commandments", "and commanded us", "to separate challah from the dough." ], "Berachos Said Before Eating or Drinking": [ "Before eating anything made of wheat, barley, rye, oats, spelt or rice, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who created various kinds of nourishment.", "Before drinking wine or grape juice say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who creates the fruit of the vine.", "Before eating tree-grown fruits say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who created the fruit of the tree.", "Before eating earth-grown produce (vegetables) say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who creates the fruit of the earth.", "Before eating meat, fish, milk, eggs, cheese, mushrooms, and before drinking all liquids except wine and grape juice, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "by Whose word all things came to be.", "Before tasting any fruit or vegetable for the first time in the season, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who has kept us alive and sustained us", "and brought us to this time.", "[This blessing is also said when purchasing a new suit or dress.]" ], "Berachos Said Upon Witnessing Phenomenal Sights": [ "When seeing shooting stars, a comet, or witnessing a hurricane or lightning say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who makes the work of Creation.", "Upon hearing thunder, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "for His strength and His power fill the universe.", "When seeing a rainbow say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who remembers the covenant,", "is faithful to His covenant", "and fulfills His word.", "When seeing great seas, or tall mountains which are famous for their great height, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who makes the work of Creation.", "Upon seeing a place where you had experienced a life-saving miracle, you should say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who performed a miracle for me at this place.", "Upon seeing a place where your parents or ancestors were miraculously saved, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who performed a miracle", "for my mother/my father", "at this place." ], "Various Other Berachos": [ "Upon hearing good news that concerns both yourself and others, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who is good and does good.", "Upon hearing tragic news, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "the true Judge.", "When putting on a new suit or dress for the first time, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who clothes the naked.", "When you smell fragrant spices, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who creates various kinds of fragrances.", "When you smell fragrant shrubs or flowers, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who creates fragrant trees.", "When you smell fragrant herbs, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who creates fragrant herbs." ], "Marriage Service": [ "The following berachos are said under the marriage canopy", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the Universe", "Who creates the fruit of the vine.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the Universe", "Who has sanctified us", "with His commandments", "and commanded us", "regarding forbidden sexual relationships", "and forbade to us", "betrothed women,", "and permitted to us [those women]", "who are married to us", "by means of the chupah and consecration.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who sanctified His people Israel", "through the chupah and consecration.", "Both the groom and the bride drink from the cup.", "The groom then consecrates his bride to him with a ring, in the presence of two appropriate witnesses, and says:", "You are hereby", "consecrated to me", "with this ring", "according to the rite of", "Moses and Israel.", "The kesubah (marriage contract) is read, after which the groom presents it to the bride.", "A second cup of wine is poured, and the following \"Seven Berachos\" are recited.", "1. Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the Universe", "Who creates the fruit of the vine.", "After Birkas Hamazon the \"Seven Berachos\" begin here, and are followed by number 1 above.", "2. Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the Universe", "Who created everything for His glory.", "3. Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the Universe", "Former of man.", "4. Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the Universe", "Who formed man (Adam) in His image,", "in the image of His likeness;", "and fashioned for him out of his very self", "a building (a wife: Eve) for eternity.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Former of Man.", "5. May the barren one1The barren one refers to Jerusalem. be happy and exult", "with the ingathering of her children", "into her midst with joy.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who gladdens Zion through her children.", "6. Grant abundant joy", "to these beloved companions,", "as You gladdened Your created being", "in the Garden of Eden of old.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who gladdens groom and bride.", "7. Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who created happiness and joy,", "groom and bride, exultation, song,", "pleasure, delight, love, brotherhood,", "peace and companionship.", "Soon, Adonoy, our God, may there be heard", "in the cities of Judah", "and in the streets of Jerusalem", "the sound of happiness and the sound of joy,", "the sound of the groom", "and sound of the bride,", "the sound of grooms' jubilation", "from their chupah,", "and of the youths from their feasts of song.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who gladdens the groom with the bride." ], "Birchas Hamazon for Sheva Berachos": [ "The leader begins:", "Gentlemen, let us say the blessing.", "The others respond:", "The Name of Adonoy will be blessed", "from now forever.", "The leader repeats:", "The Name of Adonoy will be blessed", "from now forever.", "and proceeds:", "Banish sorrow and fury too", "and then the mute will exult in song.", "Guide us in the paths of righteousness.", "Heed the blessing of the children of Jeshurun", "(and) the sons of Aaron.1The blessing of the children of Jeshurun refers to the blessings recited by all Jews, whereas the blessings of the sons of Aaron refers to the special Birkas Kohanim, mentioned in Numbers, 6:24-26.", "With your permission", "our masters and teachers,", "let us bless our God,", "in Whose abode is joy2The phrase “in Whose abode is joy” is recited only when the meal is conducted with the decorum of sanctity, without the commingling of men and women. For there is no joy in God’s abode when commingling takes place.", "for we have eaten of His bounty.", "The others respond:", "Blessed is our God", "in Whose abode is joy", "for we have eaten of His bounty", "and through His goodness we live.", "The leader repeats:", "Blessed is our God,", "in Whose abode is joy", "[and] we have eaten of His bounty", "and through His goodness we live.", "Recite Birchas Hamazon." ], "Service at a Circumcision": [ "Upon the arrival of the child, all those present at the service rise and say:", "Blessed is he that comes!", "The Mohel takes the child, and placing it upon a designated seat which is called the Throne of Elijah and he says:", "This is the Throne of Elijah,", "may he be remembered for good.", "For Your deliverance I have hoped, Adonoy.", "I have longed for Your deliverance, Adonoy;", "and I have fulfilled Your commandments.", "Elijah, messenger of the circumcision!", "Behold, yours is now before you,", "stand at my right hand and support me.", "I have longed for Your deliverance.", "I am happy with Your word", "like one who finds great gain.", "Great is the peace", "of those who love Your Torah,", "and there is no stumbling for them.", "Fortunate is he whom You choose", "and bring near,", "that he may dwell in Your courts.", "All those present respond:", "May we be satisfied", "with the goodness of Your House,", "the holy place of Your Sanctuary.", "Before the Mohel performs the circumcision, the father of the child says:", "Behold, I am prepared and ready", "to fulfill the positive commandment", "commanded me by the Creator, blessed is He,", "to circumcise my son.", "The Mohel takes the child and proclaims:", "The Holy One, blessed is He, said", "to our father, Abraham,", "Walk before me and be perfect.", "Behold, I am prepared and ready", "to fulfill the positive commandment", "that the Creator, blessed is He,", "commanded us to circumcise.", "The Mohel places the child upon the knees of the Sandek, and before performing the actual circumcision, he says:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who sanctified us with His commandments,", "and commanded us", "concerning the circumcision.", "As the Mohel performs the act of circumcision the father of the child says:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who sanctified us with His commandments,", "and commanded us to bring him", "into the covenant of our father, Abraham.", "All those present proclaim:", "Amein!", "Even as he has entered into the covenant,", "so may he enter into the [study of] Torah,", "chupah [the nuptial canopy], and good deeds.", "One of the distinguished relatives or guests is given the honor of reciting the following Berachos:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who creates the fruit of the vine.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who sanctified [Isaac] the beloved one,", "from birth,", "and set Your statute in his flesh,", "and sealed his offspring", "with the sign of the holy covenant.", "Therefore, on this account,", "living Almighty, our Portion, our Rock,", "give the command to rescue", "the beloved soul within our flesh", "from destruction,", "for the sake of His covenant", "that He has set in our flesh.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Maker of the covenant.", "Another distinguished relative or guest is given the honor of announcing the name of the child.", "Our God and God of our fathers,", "preserve this child", "to his father and his mother,", "and let his name be called in Israel", "(the child's Hebrew name) son of", "(father's Hebrew name).", "May his father rejoice in his offspring", "and may his mother exult", "in the fruit of her womb;", "as it is written:", "Let your father and your mother rejoice,", "and let her who gave birth to you exult.1Proverbs 23:25.", "And it is said:", "And I passed by you", "and saw you staggering in your blood,", "‘and I said to you, In your blood live!'", "‘And I said to you, in your blood live!'2Ezekiel 16:6.", "And it is said:", "He remembered His covenant forever,", "the word which He commanded", "to a thousand generations.", "Which He made as a treaty with Abraham,", "and which was His oath to Isaac.", "And He established it for Jacob as a statute,", "for Israel as an everlasting covenant.3Psalms 105:8-10.", "And it is said:", "Abraham circumcised his son Isaac", "when he was eight days old,", "as God had commanded him.4Genesis 21:4.", "Thank Adonoy for He is good,", "for His kindness endures forever.", "Thank Adonoy, for He is good,", "for His kindness endures forever.", "This little child—", "(child's Hebrew name)", "son of (father's Hebrew name)", "may he become great.", "Even as he entered into the covenant,", "so may he enter into the [study of] Torah,", "chupah [the nuptial canopy] and good deeds.", "The person who recited the Berachos drinks some wine, and the Mohel blesses the child:", "He who blessed our fathers,", "Abraham, Isaac and Jacob,", "may He bless", "this tender, circumcised child", "(child's Hebrew name)", "son of (father's Hebrew name)", "and grant him a complete recovery,", "because he has entered into the covenant.", "And even as he has entered into the covenant,", "so may he enter into the [study of] Torah,", "chupah [the nuptial canopy] and good deeds.", "And let us [all] say Amein.", "The Mohel and the father of the child recite this prayer:", "Master of the Universe,", "may it be Your will", "that he be", "considered and regarded favorably,", "and accepted before You,", "as though I had offered him", "before the Throne of Your Glory.", "And May You in Your abundant mercy send", "through Your holy angels", "a holy and pure soul to my son", "(Child's Hebrew name)", "son of (father's Hebrew name)", "who was now circumcised", "for Your great Name.", "And may his heart be as open", "as the Temple entrance,", "to be receptive to Your holy Torah,", "to learn it, to teach it, to observe it", "and to perform [its commandments).", "Grant him long days, years,", "a life of fear of sin,", "a life of richness and honor,", "a life in which You will fulfill", "the wishes of his heart for good.", "Amein, may it so be Your will." ], "Birkas Hamzon for Bris Milah": [ "The leader begins:", "Gentlemen, let us say the blessing.", "The others respond:", "The Name of Adonoy will be blessed", "from now forever.", "The leader repeats:", "The Name of Adonoy will be blessed", "from now forever.", "and proceeds:", "We give thanks to Your Name", "in the midst of our faithful ones,", "blessed are You unto Adonoy.", "With permission of the Almighty", "Who is fearful and awesome", "(our) refuge in times of trouble;", "Almighty girded with strength", "mighty on high is Adonoy.", "All respond:", "We give thanks to Your Name", "in the midst of our faithful ones,", "blessed are You unto Adonoy.", "The leader continues:", "With permission of the holy Torah", "(which is) pure and clear,", "it was commanded to us as a heritage", "by Moses, servant of Adonoy.", "All respond:", "We gave thanks to Your Name", "in the midst of our faithful ones,", "blessed are You unto Adonoy.", "The leader continues:", "With permission of the Kohanim", "and the Levites,", "I call upon the God of the Hebrews;", "I declare His glory in all the isles,", "I attribute blessing to Adonoy.", "All respond:", "We give thanks to Your Name", "in the midst of our faithful ones,", "blessed are you unto Adonoy.", "The leader continues:", "With your permission", "our masters and teachers,", "I open my mouth and lips with song,", "and my bones shall proclaim:", "blessed is he who comes", "in the Name of Adonoy.", "All respond:", "We give thanks to Your Name", "in the midst of the faithful ones,", "blessed are You unto Adonoy.", "The leader continues:", "With your permission", "our masters and teachers,", "let us bless our God,", "for we have eaten of His bounty.", "All respond:", "Blessed is our God", "for we have eaten of His bounty", "and through His goodness we live.", "The leader repeats:", "Blessed is our God,", "for we have eaten of His bounty", "and through His goodness we live.", "Recite \"Birchas Hamazon\".", "After Birchas Hamazon, the leader says", "May the Merciful One bless", "the boy's father and mother", "and may they merit to raise him,", "to educate him", "and to rear him in wisdom.", "From this eighth day onward", "may his blood find acceptance,", "and may Adonoy his God be with him.", "All respond:", "Amen", "May the Merciful One bless", "the sandak at the circumcision covenant,", "who happily performed", "this righteous deed in joy.", "May he be rewarded for his deed", "with doubled recompense,", "and exalt him higher and higher.", "All respond:", "Amen", "May the Merciful One bless", "the tender infant", "who has been circumcised on his eighth day;", "may his hands and heart be faithful to God,", "may he merit to behold the Divine Presence,", "three times a year.1Reference is made to the three festivals of Pesach, Shavuos and Sukkos, when Jews are required to perceive of God in the Beis Hamikdosh in Jerusalem. See Deuteronomy 16:16.", "All respond:", "Amen", "May the Merciful One bless", "the mohel who circumcised the uncut flesh", "and lifted it off and sucked forth", "the blood of the circumcision.", "the service of the timid or faint-hearted", "is unfit", "if these three essential acts", "are not performed.", "All respond:", "Amen", "May the Merciful One send us His Messiah,", "who walks in perfect wholesomeness,", "in the merit of the blood of circumcision,", "to bring good tidings", "and consolations", "to the unique people (who are)", "dispersed and scattered among the nations.", "All respond:", "Amen", "May the Merciful One send us", "the righteous Kohein2Some consider this as a reference to the Prophet Elijah, who, according to one view, is considered a Kohein. Others understand it as a reference to Aaron, the original Kohein Gadol who is to come alive again after the coming of the Moshiach.", "who was taken and concealed [in heaven,3See II Kings 2:11.]", "until his4The Moshiach’s throne. Cf. throne is established", "[bright] as the sun, [radiant] as a diamond;", "he who covered his face with his cloak", "and enwrapped himself therein,5See II Kings 2:8.", "My covenant was with him", "for life and peace.6See Malachi 2:5.", "All respond:", "Amen" ], "Redemption of the Firstborn": [ "The first born male child must be redeemed on the thirty-first day of his birth. If, however, the father is a Kohein or a Levite, or the mother a daughter of a Kohein or a Levite, they are exempt from the duty of redemption. Should the thirty-first day fall on a Shabbos or Yom Tov, the service is postponed until the next day.", "The father, presenting his child to the Kohein, makes the following declaration:", "This, my first born son,", "is the first issue of his mother's womb,", "and the Holy One, blessed is He", "has commanded to redeem him,", "as it is said:", "And those that are to be redeemed of them,", "from a month old shall you redeem them,", "according to your estimation,", "for the money of five silver shekalim,", "of the shekel of the Sanctuary", "which is equal to twenty geirah.1Numbers 18:16.", "And it is said:", "Sanctify unto me all the firstborn,", "whatsoever opens the womb", "among the Children of Israel,", "both of man and of beast is Mine.2Exodus 13:2.", "The father then places before the Kohein silver dollars in the amount of fiveshekalim which is equal to five silver dollars, or according to some Poskim seven silver dollars, and the Kohein asks:", "Which do you prefer,", "to give me your firstborn son", "who is the first issue of his mother's womb,", "or would you rather redeem him", "for five shekalim,", "as you are required to do by the Torah?", "The father replies:", "I wish to redeem my son", "and here is the value of his redemption", "which I am required to give", "according to the Torah.", "While holding the silver dollars, the father says these two Berachos:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who sanctified us with His commandments", "and commanded us concerning", "the redemption of the [firstborn] son.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who has kept us alive and sustained us", "and brought us to this time.", "The Kohein accepts the silver dollars, and holding it over the head of the child, says:", "This is instead of that,", "this is in exchange for that,", "this is pardoned for that.", "May this child enter into life,", "into the [study of] Torah,", "chupah [the nuptial canopy] and good deeds.", "Amein.", "The Kohein places his right hand upon the head of the child and blesses him:", "May God make you", "as Ephraim and Menashe.", "Adonoy bless you and guard you.", "Adonoy shine His countenance upon you", "and be gracious unto you.", "Adonoy turn His countenance toward you", "and grant you peace.", "Adonoy is your guardian;", "Adonoy is your shelter at your right hand.", "For length of days", "and years of life and peace,", "will He add to you.", "Adonoy will guard you from all evil,", "He will preserve your soul.", "The Kohein hands the child to the father.", "The Kohein then takes a cup of wine and says:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who creates the fruit of the vine." ], "The Travelers' Prayer": [ "May it be Your will", "Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers,", "that you lead us to peace,", "incline our footsteps to peace,", "guide us to peace,", "and cause us to reach our desired destination", "for life, for joy and for peace.", "Rescue us from the grasp of every foe,", "ambush, bandits, and vicious animals", "along the way,", "and from all forms of punishment", "that rage upon the world.", "Send blessing in all our work,", "and grant us favor, kindness, and compassion", "in Your eyes,", "and in the eyes of all who see us.", "Hear the sound of our supplication,", "for You are Almighty", "Who hears prayer and supplication.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who hears prayer.", "Recite these verses three times:", "And Jacob went on his way,", "and angels of God met him.", "And Jacob said when he saw them,", "‘This is God's host.'", "And he called", "the name of the place Machanayim.1Genesis 32:2,3.", "Recite these verses three times:", "For Your deliverance, I hope, Adonoy.2Genesis 49:18.", "I hope, Adonoy, for Your deliverance.", "Adonoy, for Your deliverance I hope.", "Recite this verse three times:", "Behold, I send an angel before you,", "to preserve you on the way,", "and to bring you to the place", "I have prepared.3Exodus 23:20.", "Recite this verse three times:", "Adonoy will give strength to his people;", "Adonoy will bless His people with peace.4Psalms 29:11." ], "Mincha": { "Ashrei": [ "Fortunate are those who dwell", "in Your house;", "may they continue to praise You, Selah.", "Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus;", "fortunate is the people", "for whom Adonoy is their God.", "A praise by David!", "I will exalt You, my God, the King,", "and bless Your Name forever and ever.", "Every day I will bless You", "and extol Your Name forever and ever.", "Adonoy is great and highly extolled,", "and His greatness is unfathomable.", "One generation to another", "will praise Your works,", "and Your mighty acts they will declare.", "The splendor of Your glorious majesty,", "and the words of Your wonders I will speak.", "Of Your awesome might, they will speak,", "and Your greatness I will recount.", "Mention of Your bountifulness", "they will express,", "and in Your righteousness joyfully exult.", "Adonoy is gracious and merciful,", "slow to anger and great in kindliness.", "Adonoy is good to all,", "His mercy encompasses all His works.", "All Your works will thank You, Adonoy,", "and Your pious ones will bless You.", "Of the honor of Your kingship,", "they will speak,", "and Your might they will declare.", "To reveal to men His mighty acts,", "and the glorious splendor of His kingship.", "Your kingship is the kingship for all times,", "and Your dominion is in every generation.", "Adonoy supports all the fallen,", "and straightens all the bent.", "The eyes of all look expectantly to You,", "and You give them", "their food at its proper time.", "You open Your hand", "and satisfy the desire of every living being.", "Adonoy is just in all His ways", "and benevolent in all His deeds.", "Adonoy is near to all who call upon Him,", "to all who call upon Him in truth.", "The will of those who fear Him, He fulfills;", "He hears their cry and delivers them.", "Adonoy watches over all those who love Him,", "and will destroy all the wicked.", "Praise of Adonoy, my mouth will declare", "and all flesh will bless", "His holy Name forever and ever.", "And we will bless God", "from now forever.", "Praise God.", "The Chazzan recites the following half-Kaddish", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name", "in the world which He created", "according to His will", "and may He rule His kingdom", "bring forth His redemption", "and hasten the coming of His Mashiach.", "In your lifetime and in your days,", "and in the lifetime", "of the entire House of Israel,", "speedily and in the near future—", "and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed", "forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised,", "glorified, and exalted and uplifted,", "honored and elevated and extolled", "be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above)", "all the blessings and hymns,", "praises and consolations", "which we utter in the world—and say Amein." ], "Shemoneh Esrei": [ "When I proclaim Adonoy's Name", "attribute greatness to our God.", "My Master, open my lips,", "and my mouth will declare Your praise.", "THE VIRTUE OF OUR FOREFATHERS", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, and God of our fathers,", "God of Abraham, God of Isaac,", "and God of Jacob,", "the Almighty,", "the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome,", "most high Almighty,", "Who bestows beneficent kindness,", "Who possesses everything,", "Who remembers the piety of the Patriarchs,", "and Who brings a redeemer", "to their children's children,", "for the sake of His Name, with love.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add:", "Remember us for life", "King, Who desires life;", "and inscribe us in the Book of Life,", "for Your sake, Living God.)", "If you forgot to say this, see page 000.", "King, Helper, and Deliverer and Shield.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Shield of Abraham.", "DIVINE MIGHT", "You are mighty forever, my Master;", "You are the Resurrector of the dead", "the Powerful One to deliver us.", "From the Musaf of the first day of Pesach until the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres you should say:", "He causes the dew to descend.", "From the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres until the Musaf of the first day of Pesach you should say:", "Causer of the wind to blow", "and of the rain to fall.", "If you neglected to say this, see page 000.", "Sustainer of the living with kindliness,", "Resurrector of the dead with great mercy,", "Supporter of the fallen,", "and Healer of the sick,", "and Releaser of the imprisoned,", "and Fulfiller of His faithfulness", "to those who sleep in the dust.", "Who is like You, Master of mighty deeds,", "and who can be compared to You?", "King Who causes death and restores life,", "and causes deliverance to sprout forth.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add:", "Who is like You merciful Father,", "Who remembers His creatures for life,", "in His mercy.)", "If you forgot to say this, see page 000.", "And You are faithful", "to restore the dead to life.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Resurrector of the dead.", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei, the Kedushah is said here)", "Kedushah", "The Congregation says and the Chazzan repeats:", "We will hallow and revere You", "as [with] the sweet words", "of the company of the holy Seraphim", "who thrice repeat “holy” unto You,", "as is written by the hand of Your prophet,", "“And they called one to another, and said:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "‘Holy, holy, holy,", "is Adonoy of Hosts,", "the fullness of all the earth is His glory.'”", "The Chazzan says:", "Facing them, they offer praise and say:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "“Blessed is the glory of Adonoy", "from its place”", "The Chazzan says:", "And in Your Holy Words it is written:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "“Adonoy will reign forever;", "Your God, Zion, throughout all generations!", "Praise God.”", "DIVINE SANCTIFICATION", "You are holy and Your Name is holy", "and holy beings", "praise You every day, forever.", "For a great and Almighty King—", "great and holy—are You.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, continue at the asterisk (*) below", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "the Almighty, the Holy One.", "*During the Ten Days of Penitence:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "the King, the Holy One.", "If you mistakenly said, “the Almighty” instead of “the King,” or if you are in doubt, see page 000.", "PRAYER FOR UNDERSTANDING", "You favor man with perception", "and teach mankind understanding.", "Grant us from Your", "wisdom, understanding and knowledge.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Grantor of perception.", "PRAYER FOR PENITENCE", "Cause us to return, our Father,", "to Your Torah", "and bring us near, our King, to Your service;", "and bring us back", "in whole-hearted repentance before You", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who desires penitence.", "PRAYER FOR PARDON", "Pardon us, our Father, for we have sinned,", "forgive us, our King,", "for we have transgressed;", "for you are a good and forgiving almighty.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Gracious One, Who pardons abundantly.", "PRAYER FOR REDEMPTION", "Look, please, upon our affliction,", "and defend our cause:", "and redeem us", "speedily with complete redemption", "for the sake of Your Name;", "because You are a Mighty Redeemer.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Redeemer of Israel.", "(On Fast Days, the Chazzan says “Answer us” and concludes, “Blessed are . . . Who responds at times of trouble.”)", "PRAYER FOR HEALING", "Heal us, Adonoy, and we will be healed,", "deliver us and we will be delivered;", "for You are our praise.", "Grant a cure and healing", "to all our sickness", "and to all our pain", "and to all our affliction", "because You are the Almighty, King,", "Who is a faithful and merciful Healer.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Healer of the sick of His people Israel.", "PRAYER FOR PROSPERITY", "Bless for us, Adonoy our God,", "this year", "and all the varieties of its produce", "for good;", "and bestow", "From the first say of Pesach until the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, we say the following line.", "blessing", "From the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, until the First day of Pesach, we say the following line.", "dew and rain for a blessing", "If you forgot to say this, see page 000.", "upon the face of the earth;", "satisfy us from its bounty", "and bless our year", "as other good years, for blessing,", "for You are generous Almighty", "who bestows goodness", "and blesses the years.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Blesser of the years.", "PRAYER FOR DELIVERANCE", "Sound the great shofar for our liberty,", "and raise a banner to gather our exiles,", "and gather us together quickly", "from the four corners of the earth.", "into our Land.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Gatherer", "of the dispersed of His people Israel.", "PRAYER FOR RIGHTEOUS JUDGMENT", "Restore our judges as before", "and our counselors as at first.", "Remove from us sorrow and sighing,", "and reign over us quickly", "You, Adonoy, alone", "with kindness and compassion;", "and make us righteous", "with righteousness and justice,", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, continue at the asterisk (*) below", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "King, Lover of righteousness and justice.", "*During the Ten Days of Penitence:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "the King of Justice.", "If you mistakenly said, “King, Lover of righteousness and justice,” instead of “the King of Justice,” see page 000.", "PRAYER FOR DIVINE RETRIBUTION", "For informers let there be no hope", "and may all wickedness instantly perish", "may all Your enemies be swiftly cut off,", "and the insolent may You quickly uproot,", "crush, rout, disgrace, humble", "and subdue speedily in our days.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Crusher of enemies", "and Subduer of the insolent.", "PRAYER FOR THE RIGHTEOUS SCHOLARS", "Upon the righteous, upon the pious,", "upon the elders of the remnant", "of Your people the House of Israel,", "upon the remnant of their scholars,", "upon the true proselytes, and upon us,", "may Your mercy be aroused,", "Adonoy our God.", "Grant bountiful reward", "to all who trust in Your Name in truth;", "and place our lot among them,", "and may we never be put to shame,", "for in You we have put our trust,", "and on Your great compassion", "we truly rely.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Support and Trust of the righteous.", "PRAYER FOR JERUSALEM", "And to Jerusalem, Your city,", "return in mercy,", "and dwell therein as You have spoken;", "and rebuild it soon, in our days,", "as an everlasting structure,", "and the throne of David, Your servant", "may You speedily establish therein.", "During Mincha services on the Ninth of Av, the following petition is added here:", "Adonoy, our God, console", "the mourners of Zion1“Zion” is the spiritual sanctuary, while “Jerusalem” is the Jewish commonwealth which was to flourish around Zion.—S.R. Hirsch", "and the mourners of Jerusalem", "and the city that is in mourning", "and in ruins, despised and desolate.", "Mourning because she is bereft of her children,", "ruined of her dwellings,", "despised in contrast to her former glory,", "desolate without inhabitants,", "she sits alone with her head covered", "like a barren woman who never gave birth.", "Legions2The Roman forces were called “legions.” have devoured her,", "idolaters have deprived her of her inheritance;", "they have put Your people Israel", "to the sword", "and have wantonly murdered", "the pious ones of the Most High.", "Therefore, Zion weeps bitterly,", "and Jerusalem raises her voice,", "“My heart, my heart", "[grieves] for their slain,", "my innards, my innards,", "[ache] for their slain.", "For you, Adonoy, set her afire,", "and with fire You will ultimately rebuild her,", "as it is said,", "“I will be to her, says Adonoy,", "a wall of fire around [her],", "and I shall be for glory in her midst.”3Zecharyah 2:9.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Consoler of Zion and Builder of Jerusalem.", "Continue: “The sprout of David", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Builder of Jerusalem.", "PRAYER FOR SALVATION", "The sprout of David, Your servant,", "speedily cause to flourish", "and exalt his power with Your deliverance,", "For Your deliverance we hope all day.", "and watch for Your deliverance.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who causes to sprout", "the power of salvation.", "PRAYER FOR ACCEPTANCE", "Merciful Father", "Hear our voice, Adonoy, our God;", "spare us and have compassion on us,", "and accept", "our prayers compassionately and willingly,", "for You are Almighty", "Who hears prayers and supplications;", "and from Your Presence, our King,", "do not turn us away empty-handed,", "be gracious and answer us", "and hear our prayer", "On Fast days during Mincha, the following petition is added here:", "Answer us, Adonoy, answer us", "on the day of our fasting,", "for we are in great trouble.", "Do not regard our wickedness,", "do not conceal Your countenance from us,", "and do not be unmindful", "of our supplication.", "Please be near to our cry,", "let Your loving kindness console us.", "Even before we call unto You, answer us,", "as it is said:", "“And it shall come to pass that before they call", "I will answer;8Isaiah 65:24.", "while they are yet speaking,", "I will hear.", "For You, Adonoy,", "are the One Who answers in time of trouble,", "Who redeems and rescues", "in all times of trouble and distress.", "Continue: “for You hear the prayers.” The Chazzan, however, concludes:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who answers His people Israel", "in time of trouble.", "for You hear the prayers of every mouth", "of Your people, Israel, with compassion.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who hears prayers.", "PRAYER FOR RETURN OF DIVINE SERVICE", "Be pleased, Adonoy, our God,", "with Your people Israel", "and pay heed to their prayer;", "and restore the service", "to the Holy of Holies in Your abode,", "and the fire-offerings of Israel;", "and accept their prayer, lovingly", "and willingly.", "And may You always find pleasure", "with the service of Your people, Israel.", "On regular weekdays continue, “And may our eyes”.", "On Rosh Chodesh and on Chol HaMoed, the following prayer is added:", "Our God and God of our fathers,", "may there ascend, come, and reach,", "appear, be desired, and heard,", "counted and recalled", "our remembrance and reckoning;", "the remembrance of our fathers;", "the remembrance of the Mashiach", "the son of David, Your servant;", "the remembrance of Jerusalem,", "city of Your Sanctuary;", "and the remembrance of Your entire people,", "the House of Israel, before You", "for survival, for well-being,", "for favor, kindliness, compassion,", "for good life and peace", "on this day of:", "Rosh Chodesh", "the Festival of Matzos", "the Festival of Sukkos", "Remember us Adonoy, our God,", "on this day for well-being;", "be mindful of us on this day for blessing,", "and deliver us for good life.", "In accord with the promise of deliverance", "and compassion,", "spare us and favor us,", "have compassion on us and deliver us;", "for to You our eyes are directed", "because You are the Almighty", "Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "If you forgot to say this, see page 000.", "And may our eyes behold", "Your merciful return to Zion.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion.", "At the words, We are thankful, bend forward; at Adonoy return to an upright position.", "THANKSGIVING", "We are thankful to You", "that You Adonoy are our God", "and the God of our fathers forever;", "Rock, Rock of our lives,", "the Shield of our deliverance,", "You are in every generation.", "We will give thanks to You", "and recount Your praise,", "for our lives", "which are committed into Your hand,", "and for our souls", "which are entrusted to You,", "and for Your miracles of every day with us,", "and for Your wonders and benefactions", "at all times—", "evening, morning and noon.", "(You are) The Beneficent One—", "for Your compassion is never withheld;", "And (You are) the Merciful One—", "for Your kindliness never ceases;", "for we have always placed our hope in You.", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei and says, “Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion”, the congregation responds by saying “Amein” and then the following prayer.)", "We are thankful to You,", "that You Adonoy are our God,", "and God of our fathers,", "God of all flesh,", "Our Creator, Creator of the Beginning.", "Blessings and thanksgivings", "to Your great and holy Name", "for keeping us alive, and sustaining us;", "so may You always keep us alive", "and sustain us,", "and gather our exiles", "to the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary", "to observe Your statutes,", "and to do Your will,", "and to serve You wholeheartedly,", "for we are thankful to You.", "Blessed is the Almighty", "to Whom all thanks are due.", " (On Chanukah and Purim the following prayer is added. If you omitted it, you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei. If, however, you became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you should say it at that time, and conclude by saying, “ וְעַל כֻּלָּם , and for all the foregoing.”)", "[We thank You] for the miracles", "for the redemption, for the mighty deeds,", "for the deliverances, for the wonders", "for the consolations and for the wars", "that You performed for our fathers", "in those days at this season.", "On Chanukah:", "In the days of Matisyahu,", "son of Yochanan the High Priest,", "the Hasmonean and his sons,", "when the evil Greek kingdom rose up", "against Your people Israel", "to make them forget Your Torah", "and to turn them away", "from the statutes of Your will—", "You, in Your abundant mercy,", "stood by them in their time of distress,", "You defended their cause,", "You judged their grievances,", "You avenged them.", "You delivered the mighty", "into the hands of the weak,", "many into the hands of the few,", "defiled people into the hands of the undefiled,", "the wicked into the hands of the righteous,", "and insolent [sinners] into the hands of", "diligent students of Your Torah.", "And You made Yourself", "a great and sanctified name in Your world.", "And for Your people, Israel,", "You performed a great deliverance", "and redemption unto this very day.", "Afterwards, Your sons entered", "the Holy of Holies of Your Abode,", "cleaned Your Temple,", "purified Your Sanctuary,", "and kindled lights", "in the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary,", "and designated these eight days of Chanukah", "to thank and praise Your great Name.", "On Purim:", "In the days of Mordechai and Esther", "in Shushan the Capital [of Persia],", "when the evil Haman rose up against them,", "he sought to destroy, to kill,", "and to annihilate all the Jews,", "young and old, infants and women,", "in one day, the thirteenth day", "of the twelfth month,", "which is the month of Adar,", "and to plunder their wealth—", "And You, in Your abundant mercy,", "annulled his counsel,", "frustrated his intention,", "and brought his evil plan upon his own head,", "and they hanged him and his sons", "upon the gallows.", "And for all the foregoing", "blessed, exalted and extolled", "your Name, our King", "constantly, forever and ever.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, add:", "Inscribe for a good life", "all the children of Your covenant.", "If you forgot to say this, see page 000.", "And all the living shall thank You forever", "and praise and bless", "Your great Name with sincerity forever;", "for You are goodness—", "the Almighty, Who is our deliverance", "and our help forever—", "the benevolent Almighty.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "“The Beneficent” is Your Name", "and You it is fitting to praise.", "Birkas Kohanim is said by the Chazzan on public fast-days:", "Birkas Kohanim", "Our God, and God of our fathers, bless us", "with the threefold blessing of the Torah,", "written by the hand of Moses, Your servant,", "pronounced from the mouth of Aaron", "and his sons, the kohanim, Your holy people;", "as it is said:", "Adonoy bless you and guard you.", "Adonoy shine His countenance upon you", "and be gracious unto you.", "Adonoy turn His countenance toward you", "and grant you peace.", "After Birkas Kohanim the congregation says:", "Mighty One on high who dwells in might,", "You are peace and Your Name is peace.", "May it be Your will that You grant us", "and all of Your people, the House of Israel", "life and blessing", "for a safeguard to peace.", "PRAYER FOR PEACE", "Grant peace, goodness, and blessing,", "life favor, kindness and compassion", "upon us and upon all Israel, Your people.", "Bless us, our Father, all of us as one", "with the light of Your countenance.", "For by the light of Your countenance", "You gave us Adonoy our God,", "a Torah of life and the love of kindliness,", "righteousness, blessing, compassion,", "life, and peace.", "And may it be good in Your sight", "to bless us", "and to bless Your people Israel,", "at all times and at every moment", "with Your peace", "(with much strength and peace).", "During the Ten Days of Penitence continue here:", "In the book of life, blessing, peace", "and abundant maintenance,", "good decrees, salvations and condolences,", "may we be remembered and inscribed", "before You;", "we and all Your people, the House of Israel", "for a good life and peace.", "If you forget to say this you need not go back and repeat it.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who blesses His people Israel", "with peace.", "May they be acceptable", "the words of my mouth", "and the thoughts of my heart, before You", "Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "My God, guard my tongue from evil", "and my lips from speaking deceitfully.", "To those who curse me,", "may my soul be unresponsive;", "and let my soul be like dust to all.", "Open my heart to Your Torah", "and let my soul pursue Your commandments.", "And all who plan evil against me,", "quickly annul their counsel", "and frustrate their intention.", "(May it it be Your will", "Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers,", "that no person be envious of me", "and that I not be envious of others,", "that I not be brought to anger this day,", "and that I not cause Your anger;", "and save me from the evil inclination,", "and help me be humble and any modest.", "Our King and our Father,", "unify Your Name in Your world,", "rebuild Your city, establish Your house", "and perfect your sanctuary.", "Gather our exiles,", "redeem Your people, rejoice Your congregation).", "Act for the sake of Your Name.", "Act for the sake of Your right hand.", "Act for the sake of Your Torah.", "Act for the sake of Your holiness.", "In order that Your loved ones be released,", "deliver [with] Your right hand and answer me.", "Biblical phrases applicable to one's name may be found on pp. 000-000.", "May they be acceptable—", "the words of my mouth", "and the thoughts of my heart—before You", "Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "He Who makes peace", "in His high heavens", "may He make peace", "upon us and upon all Israel", "and say Amein.", "May it be Your will,", "Adonoy, our God, and the God of our Fathers", "that the Holy Temple be rebuilt", "speedily in our days,", "and grant us our share in Your Torah.", "And there we will serve You reverently", "as in the days of old,", "and in earlier years.", "And let Adonoy be pleased", "with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem", "as in the days of old and in earlier years.", "On days when Tachanun is omitted (see below) the chazzan continues with Kaddish. (14 and 15 Adar Rishon in a leap year); the entire month of Nissan; Pesach Sheini (14 Iyar); Lag BaOmer; 1-8 Sivan; 9 and 15 Av; and 29 Elul. When Tachanun is omitted on these days, it is also omitted at the preceding Mincha (afternoon service)." ], "Tachanun": [ "Tachanun is also omitted in the presence of a bridegroom, in the house of a mourner during the week of mourning, and on the occasion of a circumcision if the father, the sandak or the mohel is present. The worshipper recites the Tachanun in a sitting position, while resting his brow on his arm. During the morning service, when the hand-tefillin is on the left arm, he leans his brow on his right arm, but at the Mincha service he leans his brow on his left arm. This \"falling on one's face\" symbolizes complete submission to God and the committing of our destinies into His hands. It is mentioned in the Talmud (Maseches Megillah 22b), and originates with Moses, who \"Fell down before God\" (Deuteronomy 9:18) and was followed by Joshua, who \"Fell on the earth upon his face before the Ark of God\" (Joshua 7:6)", "Our God and God of our fathers,", "let our prayer come before you", "and do not ignore our supplication.", "For we are not so brazen-faced", "and stiff-necked", "to say to you,", "Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers,", "We are righteous and have not sined.", "But, indeed, we and our fathers have sinned.", "We have trespassed [against God and man, and we are devastated by our guilt];", "We have betrayed [God and man, we have been ungrateful for the good done to us];", "We have stolen; We have slandered.", "We have caused others to sin;", "We have caused others to commit sins for which they are called רְשָׁעִים, wicked;", "We have sinned with malicious intent;", "We have forcibly taken other's possessions even though we paid for them;", "We have added falsehood upon falsehood; we have joined with evil individuals or groups.", "We have given harmful advice;", "We have deceived; We have mocked;", "We have rebelled against God and His Torah;", "We have caused God to be angry with us;", "We have turned away from God's Torah;", "We have sinned deliberately;", "We have been negligent in our performance of the commandments;", "We have caused our friends grief;", "We have been stiff-necked, refusing to admit that the cause of our suffering is our own sins.", "We have committed sins for which we are called רָשָׁע [raising a hand to hit someone].", "We have committed sins which are the result of moral corruption;", "We have committed sins which the Torah refers to as abominations;", "We have gone astray;", "We have led others astray.", "We have turned away", "from Your commandments", "and from Your good laws,", "and we have gained nothing from it.", "And You are the Righteous One", "in all [punishment] that has come upon us;", "for You have acted truthfully", "and we have acted wickedly.", "You are Almighty, Slow to anger,", "Lord of Mercy, You are called,", "and the way of repentance,", "You have taught us.", "The greatness of Your mercy and kindness,", "remember this day and every day", "for the descendants of Your loved ones.", "Turn to us with compassion", "for You are the Lord of Mercy.", "With supplication and prayer", "we approach Your Presence,", "as You made know", "to [Moses,] the modest one of old.", "From Your fierce anger turn,", "as it is written in Your Torah:", "In the shadow of Your wings,", "may we be sheltered and lodged,", "as on the day [of which it is said:]", "When Adonoy descended in the cloud.", "Remove [our] transgression,", "and blot out [our] iniquity,", "as on the day [of which it is said:]", "And He stood with him there.", "Give ear to our cry", "and listen to our speech,", "as on the day [of which it is said:]", "And He proclaimed in the Name, Adonoy", "And there it is said:", "Congregation and Chazzan:", "And Adonoy passed before him [Moses]", "and proclaimed:", "Adonoy, Adonoy,", "Almighty, Merciful, Gracious,", "Slow to Anger,", "and Abundant in Kindness and Truth.", "Keeper of kindness", "for thousands of generations,", "Endurer of iniquity and transgression,", "and sin,", "and Acquitter of those who repent.", "And pardon our iniquity and our sin,", "and take us for Your inheritance.", "Pardon us,our Father, for we have sinned,", "forgive us, our King, for we have transgressed.", "For You, my Master,", "are good and forgiving,", "and abounding in kindness", "to all who call upon You.", "The following supplication is recited while resting your brow on your arm.", "And David said to Gad (II Samuel 24:14),", "I am greatly distressed;", "let us fall into the hand of Adonoy", "for His mercies are great,", "but into the hand of man let me not fall.", "Merciful and gracious One,", "I have sinned before You;", "Adonoy, full of mercy,", "have compassion upon me", "and accept my supplications.", "Adonoy, do not rebuke me with Your anger,", "nor chastise me with Your rage.", "Be gracious unto me, Adonoy,", "for I am desolate,", "heal me Adonoy, for my bones are terrified.", "My soul, [too,] is utterly terrified,", "and You Adonoy, how long?", "Return Adonoy, free my soul,", "deliver me", "for the sake of Your lovingkindness.", "For in death there is no mention of You;", "in the lower world who will thank You.", "I am worn out with my sighing,", "every night I cause my bed to float;", "with my tears, I melt my couch.", "My eye is dimmed from anger,", "it has aged because of my tormentors.", "Depart from me, all you evildoers,", "for Adonoy has heard", "the voice of my weeping.", "Adonoy has heard my supplication,", "Adonoy will (also) accept my prayer.", "Ashamed and utterly terrified", "will all my foes be,", "they will return", "and be instantaneously ashamed.", "Guardian of Israel,", "guard the remnant of Israel,", "and let not Israel perish,", "who say, \"Hear Israel.\"", "Guardian of the unique nation,", "guard the remnant of the unique people,", "and let not the unique nation perish,", "who proclaim the Oneness of Your Name,", "[saying:] Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.", "Guardian of the holy nation,", "guard the remnant of the holy people", "and let not the holy nation perish", "who repeat the threefold sanctification", "to the Holy One.", "You Who are appeased by pleas for mercy,", "and conciliated by supplications,", "be appeased and conciliated", "to an afflicted generation,", "for there is none else to help.", "Our Father, our King!", "be gracious to us and answer us", "for we have no [good] deeds,", "deal with us charitably and kindly", "and deliver us.", "As for us, we know not what to do;", "but our eyes are upon You.", "Remember Your mercies, Adonoy,", "and kindnesses", "for", "they are from the beginning of the world.", "Adonoy! may Your kindness be upon us,", "as we have waited for You.", "Remember not the sins of our ancestors;", "let Your mercy come swiftly toward us,", "for we have been brought very low.", "Help us for the Name of Adonoy", "Creator of Heaven and earth.", "Be gracious to us, Adonoy, be gracious to us", "for we are saturated with humiliation.", "[Even] in anger", "remember to have compassion.", "[Even] in anger", "remember the binding of Isaac.", "Even in anger", "remember the uprightness of Jacob", "Adonoy deliver [us]", "the King will answer us on the day we call.", "For He knows of what we are made;", "He is mindful that we are but dust.", "Help us, God of our deliverance,", "for the sake of the glory of Your Name;", "save us and atone our sins,", "for the sake of Your Name.", "The Chazzan recites the following Kaddish", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name", "in the world which He created", "according to His will", "and may He rule His kingdom", "bring forth His redemption", "and hasten the coming of His Mashiach", "in your lifetime and in your days,", "and in the lifetime", "of the entire House of Israel,", "speedily and in the near future—", "and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed", "forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised,", "glorified, and exalted and uplifted,", "honored and elevated and extolled", "be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above)", "all the blessings and hymns,", "praises and consolations", "which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be acceptance", "of the prayers and supplications", "of the entire House of Israel", "before their Father in heaven.", "And say, Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven", "and good life", "for us and for all Israel,", "—and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace", "(Ten Days of Penitence: the peace)", "in His high heavens", "may He, make peace", "for us and for all Israel,", "and say, Amein." ], "Aleinu": [ "It is our obligation to praise", "the Master of all,", "to ascribe greatness", "to the Creator of the [world in the] beginning:", "that He has not made us", "like the nations of the lands,", "and has not positioned us", "like the families of the earth;", "that He has not assigned", "our portion like theirs,", "nor our lot like that of all their multitudes.", "For they prostrate themselves", "to vanity and nothingness,", "and pray to a god that cannot deliver.", "But we bow, prostrate ourselves,", "and offer thanks", "before the Supreme King of Kings,", "the Holy One blessed is He,", "Who spreads the heavens,", "and establishes the earth,", "and the seat of His glory is in heaven above,", "and the abode of His invincible might", "is in the loftiest heights.", "He is our God, there is nothing else.", "Our King is true,", "all else is insignificant,", "as it is written in His Torah:", "“And You shall know this day", "and take into Your heart", "that Adonoy is God", "in the heavens above", "and upon the earth below;", "there is nothing else.”", "We therefore put our hope in You,", "Adonoy our God,", "to soon behold the glory of Your might", "in banishing idolatry from the earth,", "and the false gods will be utterly exterminated", "to perfect the world", "as the kingdom of Shadai.", "And all mankind will invoke Your Name,", "to turn back to You,", "all the wicked of the earth.", "They will realize and know,", "all the inhabitants of the world,", "that to You, every knee must bend,", "every tongue must swear [allegiance to You].", "Before You, Adonoy, our God,", "they will bow and prostrate themselves,", "and to the glory of Your Name give honor.", "And they will all accept [upon themselves]", "the yoke of Your kingdom,", "and You will reign over them, soon,", "forever and ever.", "For the kingdom is Yours,", "and to all eternity You will reign in glory,", "as it is written in Your Torah:", "“Adonoy will reign forever and ever.”", "And it is said:", "“And Adonoy will be King", "over the whole earth;", "on that day Adonoy will be One", "and His Name One.”", "Do not fear sudden terror", "nor the destruction of the wicked", "when it comes.", "Take counsel together and it will be foiled", "speak the word and it will not stand", "for God is with us.", "To your old age I am [with you],", "to your older years I will sustain you,", "I have made you, and I will carry you,", "I will sustain you and save you.", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name", "in the world which He created", "according to His will", "and may He rule His kingdom", "bring forth His redemption", "and hasten the coming of His Mashiach", "in your lifetime and in your days,", "and in the lifetime", "of the entire House of Israel,", "speedily and in the near future—", "and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed", "forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised,", "glorified, and exalted and uplifted,", "honored and elevated and extolled", "be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above)", "all the blessings and hymns,", "praises and consolations", "which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven", "and good life", "for us and for all Israel,", "—and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace", "(Ten Days of Penitence: the peace)", "in His high heavens", "may He, make peace", "for us and for all Israel,", "and say, Amen.", "The following is recited here by some congregations from the first day of Elul, through Shemini Atzeres. Others recite it at the end of the Maariv (Evening) Service.", "By David:", "Adonoy is my light and my salvation,", "whom shall I fear?", "Adonoy is the strength of my life,", "of whom shall I be afraid?", "When evildoers approach me", "to devour my flesh—", "my tormentors and my foes", "they stumble and fall.", "If an army should encamp against me,", "my heart would not fear;", "if war were to rise against me,", "in this I trust.", "One thing I request of Adonoy,", "[only] that shall I seek,", "that I may dwell in the House of Adonoy", "all the days of my life,", "to behold the pleasantness of Adonoy,", "and to meditate in His Sanctuary.", "For He will hide me in His Tabernacle", "on the day of distress,", "He will conceal me in the shelter of His Tent,", "upon a rock He will lift me.", "And now my head is raised high", "above my enemies around me;", "and I will offer in His Tent,", "sacrifices accompanied by trumpets of joy;", "I will sing and chant to Adonoy.", "Adonoy, hear my voice when I call;", "be gracious to me and answer me.", "Of You, my heart has said,", "“Seek My Presence”;", "Your Presence, Adonoy I will seek.", "Conceal not Your Presence from me,", "do not turn away Your servant in anger.", "You have been my help;", "neither cast me off nor abandon me,", "God of my deliverance.", "When my father and mother abandon me,", "Adonoy will gather me up.", "Adonoy, teach me Your way,", "and lead me in the path of uprightness,", "because of my watchers.", "Do not deliver me", "to the will of my tormentors,", "for false witnesses have risen against me,", "who breathe violence.", "Had I not believed that I would see", "the goodness of Adonoy", "in the land of living.", "Hope to Adonoy,", "be strong and He will give you courage;", "and hope to Adonoy.", "Mourner's Kaddish is said here:", "The Psalm said in the house of a mourner is found on page 000." ] }, "Maariv": { "Berachos Preceding Shema": [ "Unlike the morning Shacharis and afternoon Mincha services which correspond to the two daily communal sacrifices (Tamid), offered in the Temple, one in the morning and one in the afternoon, the evening Maariv service has no counterpart in the Temple service, since sacrifices were never brought at night in the Temple.", "The Maariv service was instituted to correspond to the Temple ritual of keeping on the altar the unconsumed parts of sacrifices that had been offered earlier in the day. These parts were kept on the altar at night so that they could be completely consumed by its fire. This ritual was applicable only if there actually were uncon- sumed parts of offerings.", "Although the Maariv service was instituted to correspond to this ritual, and may therefore seem to be non-obligatory (see Maseches Berachos 27b), Rabbeinu Yitzchak Alfasi and all the other codifiers have ruled that Maariv has been accepted and hallowed by custom, and is therefore an obligatory service.", "The Shema is preceded by two blessings and followed by two other blessings.", "And He, the Merciful One,", "atones iniquity; and does not destroy.", "He frequently withdraws His anger", "and does not arouse all His rage.1Psalms 78:38. This verse consists of thirteen Hebrew words. It recalls the “thirteen attributes of Divine mercy” (Exodus 34:67). In the evening when man pauses from the rush of his daily activities, he is conscious of having sinned during the day, and thus begins his prayer with this appeal for Divine mercy.—Machzor Vitry
Midrash Tanchuma (Pinchos 13) notes that the morning sacrifice (תמיד של שחר) atoned for sins committed during the night, while the afternoon sacrifice (תמיד של בין הערבים) atoned for sins committed during the day. Since the evening service does not represent Temple sacrifice, it became customary to recite this verse because it mentions that God “atones iniquity.”—Avudraham", "Adonoy, deliver [us!]", "The King will answer us on the day we call.2Psalms 20:10.", "The Chazzan says:", "Bless Adonoy Who is blessed.", "The congregation responds and the Chazzan repeats:", "Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed", "forever and ever.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the Universe,", "With His word He brings on evenings,", "with wisdom He opens the gates3These are the gates of sunrise and sunset through which God, in His infinite wisdom, has divided life on earth into two complementary halves.—Rabbi S.R. Hirsch (of heaven);", "and with understanding", "changes4He alternates the three daily periods—evening, morning, and afternoon.—Avudraham the times", "and alternates the seasons,", "and arranges the stars", "in their watches,5The stars appear as watchmen appointed by God to stand guard over the sleeping world below. He also appointed them their places in definite orbits, according to His will, and for purposes known to Him alone.—S.R. Hirsch in the sky,", "according to His will.", "He creates day and night,", "He rolls the light away from before darkness,", "and darkness from before light;", "He causes day to pass", "and brings night,", "and separates between day and night;", "Adonoy of Hosts6His Name, ה’ צבאות, means “He Who takes all the infinite variety of hosts and creatures and unites them to act and interact as parts of one unified Universe.”—S.R. Hirsch is His Name.", "The Almighty,", "[Who is] living and enduring", "will always reign over us", "forever and ever.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who brings on evening.", "[With] An everlasting love7This prayer is an abbreviated form of the אהבה רבה prayer in the morning service. It thanks God for the sacred gift of Divine Revelation that He granted Israel. It declares that Torah alone is the eternal heritage of the Jewish people and that all other goods and gifts of life are transitory.—S.R. Hirsch", "You loved the House of Israel, Your people.", "Torah and commandments,", "statutes and laws,", "You taught us.", "Therefore, Adonoy, our God,", "when we lie down and when we rise,", "we will discuss Your statutes,", "and rejoice", "in the words of the teachings of Your Torah", "and in Your commandments forever.", "For they are our life", "and they lengthen our days,", "and on them we will meditate day and night.", "[May] Your love", "never be removed from us", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who loves His people Israel." ], "Shema": [ "The following three words should be said when praying without a minyan:", "(Almighty, faithful King)", "Hear, Israel:", "Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.", "The following three lines are to be said silently:", "Blessed [is His] Name,", "Whose glorious kingdom", "is forever and ever.", "And you shall love Adonoy your God", "with all your heart", "and with all your soul", "and with all your possessions.", "And these words", "which I command you today,", "shall be upon your heart.", "And you shall teach them sharply", "to your children.", "And you shall discuss them", "when you sit in your house,", "and when you travel on the road,", "and when you lie down and when you rise.", "And you shall bind them for a sign", "upon your hand,", "and they shall be for totafos", "between your eyes.", "And you shall write them", "upon the doorposts of your house", "and upon your gateways.", "And it will be—", "if you vigilantly obey My commandments", "which I command you this day,", "to love Adonoy your God,", "and serve Him", "with your entire hearts", "and with your entire souls—", "that I will give rain for your land", "in its proper time,", "the early (autumn) rain", "and the late (spring) rain;", "and you will harvest your grain", "and your wine and your oil.", "And I will put grass", "in your fields for your cattle,", "and you will eat and be satisfied.", "Beware lest your hearts be swayed", "and you turn astray,", "and you worship alien gods", "and bow to them.", "And Adonoy's fury will blaze among you,", "and He will close off the heavens", "and there will be no rain", "and the earth will not yield its produce;", "and you will perish swiftly", "from the good land", "which Adonoy gives you.", "Place these words of Mine", "upon your hearts and upon your souls,—", "and bind them for a sign", "upon your hands,", "and they shall be for totafos", "between your eyes.", "And you shall teach them to your sons,", "to speak them", "when you sit in your house,", "and when you travel on the road,", "and when you lie down and when you rise.", "And you shall write them", "upon the doorposts of your house", "and upon your gateways.", "In order that your days be prolonged,", "and the days of your children,", "upon the land", "which Adonoy swore to your fathers", "to give them [for as long]", "as the heavens are above the earth.", "And Adonoy spoke to Moses saying:", "Speak to the children of Israel,", "and tell them", "to make for themselves fringes", "on the corners of their garments", "throughout their generations;", "and they will place with the fringes", "of each corner", "a thread of blue.", "And it will be to you for fringes,", "and you will look upon it", "and you will remember", "all the commandments of Adonoy,", "and you will perform them;", "and you will not turn aside after your hearts", "and after your eyes", "which cause you to go astray.", "In order that you will remember", "and perform all My commandments;", "and you will be holy unto your God.", "I am Adonoy, your God,", "Who brought you out", "of the land of Egypt", "to be your God:", "I am Adonoy, your God—", " You must be careful to connect the last words of Shema, ה' אֱלֹקֵיכֶם (Adonoy, your God), with the word אֶמֶת (is true) without pause or interruption so that these three words form one sentence, meaning “Adonoy your God is true” (Maseches Berachos 13a).", "—is true—", "The chazan repeats:", "Adonoy, your God, is true." ], "Berachos Following Shema": [ "This is the first of the two berachos that follow the Shema.", "—and faithful is all this,1All that we have affirmed in the Shema. is true and trustworthy.—Etz Yosef", "and it is permanently established with us", "that he is Adonoy, our God,", "and there is nothing besides Him,", "and that we, Israel, are His people.", "[He] Who liberated us", "from the hand of kings,2He redeemed us from Pharaoh, and saved us from Sichon and Og in the days of Moses and from the thirty-one kings in the days of Joshua.—Etz Yosef", "[is] our King, Who redeemed us", "from the grasp of all the tyrants.3“Tyrants” include Amalek and others who wanted to destroy us.—Etz Yosef", "[He is] the Almighty", "Who exacts payment [punishment]", "from our oppressors,4The Malbim says that “oppressors” (צרינו) refers to those who actively persecute us whereas “enemies” (אויבינו) refers to those who would rejoice over our misfortune without necessarily contributing to our downfall in an outright manner.", "and brings retribution", "on all those who are enemies of our soul.", "He does great things5“Great things” refers to the way God rules according to the laws of nature and “wonders” refers to those things that are classified as miracles.—Siach Yitzchak", "beyond comprehension,", "miracles and wonders without number.", "He sustains our soul in life6Not only does God sustain our souls in exile, but He also sustains our physical well-being.—Siach Yitzchak", "and does not allow our feet to slip.", "He makes us tread", "upon the high places of our enemies,", "and exalts our strength", "over all who hate us.", "He performed miracles for us", "and vengeance upon Pharaoh,", "signs and wonders", "in the land of the Hamites.", "He slew in His wrath,", "all the firstborn of Egypt,", "and brought out His people, Israel,", "from their midst", "to everlasting7The redemption from Egypt is the source for all later redemptions; it is the source from which our final and total salvation will spring. We became free, never again to taste the bitterness of spiritual or physical bondage.—Sfas Emes freedom.", "He led His children", "through the divided parts of", "the Sea of Reeds,", "their pursuers and their enemies", "He drowned in its depths.", "And His children saw His mighty power—", "they praised and gave thanks to His Name,", "His sovereignty", "they willingly accepted;", "Moses and the children of Israel", "sang unto You with great joy,", "and they all said:", "“Who is like You among the mighty, Adonoy!", "Who is like You?", "[You are] adorned in holiness,", "awesome in praise, performing wonders”8Exodus 15:11.", "Your children beheld Your sovereignty", "when You divided the sea before Moses.", "“This is my God,”9Exodus 15:2. they exclaimed,", "and declared,", "“Adonoy will reign forever and ever.”10Exodus 15:18.", "And it is said,", "“For Adonoy has liberated Jacob", "and redeemed him", "from a hand, mightier than his.”11Jeremiah 31:10.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy", "Who has redeemed Israel.", "This is the second of the benedictions that follow the Sh'ma.", "Adonoy our God; make us lie down in peace,", "our King, raise us again", "to good life, and peace12Undisturbed peace, and strength for a new day of vigorous living, are the gifts that night brings and for which we pray to God.—S.R. Hirsch", "Spread over us the shelter of Your peace,", "and direct us to better ourselves", "through Your good counsel;13We particularly ask of Him at night to bless us with wise counsel. Daytime is the time for achievement, but the rest that comes with nightfall is made to allow man to compose his thoughts. By virtue of the complete relaxation It affords, sleep endows the mind and spirit with renewed vigor. We pray therefore for Divine aid so that our nightly rest will help us take wise counsel and affirm worthy resolution for future days.—Avudraham and Siach Yitzchak", "and deliver us speedily for Your Name's sake.", "Shield us, and remove from us14Shield us from trouble before it comes, and remove it from us if it has already come.—Siach Yitzchak", "enemies, pestilence, sword,", "famine and sorrow.", "Remove the adversary15The Hebrew word שטן (Satan) used in the Prayer Book refers to the Evil Impulse, the lower passions which are a hindrance to man's pursuit of the nobler aims in life. It is against the dominance of this impulse that the Jew prays. The “adversary,” therefore, is any person, spirit, or Evil Impulse that seduces us to do wrong.—Dover Sholom and others from before us", "and from behind us,", "and shelter us in the shadow of Your wings.", "For, Almighty,", "You are our Protector and Rescuer,", "For, Almighty", "You are a gracious and merciful King.", "Guard our going out and our coming in", "for life and peace", "for now forever.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who guards His people Israel forever.", "The following prayer was originally a compilation of eighteen verses instituted during the Gaonic era as a substitute for the Shemoneh Esrei. According to Avudraham, the Shemoneh Esrei was omitted because of decrees issued against the Jews that banned them from participating in the Evening Service. These eighteen verses, adopted in place of the Shemoneh Esrei, have remained a part of the Maariv service. Some Halachic commentaries maintain that these verses should not be included in Maariv, because they constitute an interruption between the final blessing after Shema and the Shemoneh Esrei.", "Blessed is Adonoy forever,", "Amein and Amein!16Psalms 89:53.", "Blessed is Adonoy from Zion", "Who dwells in Jerusalem,", "Praise God.17Psalms 135:21.", "Blessed is Adonoy, God,", "God of Israel", "Who alone performs wonders.18Psalms 72:18.", "Blessed is the Name of His glory forever", "and may His glory fill the whole earth;", "Amein and Amein!19Psalms 72:19.", "The Glory of Adonoy will endure forever;", "Adonoy will rejoice in His works.20Psalms 104:31.", "The Name of Adonoy will be blessed", "from now forever.21Psalms 113:2.", "For Adonoy will not cast off His people,", "for the sake of His great Name,", "because Adonoy has determined", "to make you His people.22I Samuel 12:22.", "And all the people saw it", "and they fell on their faces, and proclaimed,", "“Adonoy, He is God!23I Kings 18:39. This verse describes the reaction of the people when they saw the miracle performed by God on behalf of Elijah on Mount Carmel when he disproved and ridiculed the false prophets of Baal.", "Adonoy, He is God!”", "And Adonoy will be King", "over the whole earth;", "on that day Adonoy will be One", "and His Name One.24Zecharyah 14:9.", "Adonoy, may Your kindness be upon us", "as we have hoped for You.25Psalms 33:22.", "Deliver us, Adonoy, our God,", "gather us from the nations", "to give thanks to Your Holy Name,", "to be extolled in Your praise.26I Chronicles 16:35.", "All the nations which You have made", "will come and bow down", "before You, my Master,", "and they will give honor to Your Name.27Psalms 86:9.", "For You are great and do wondrous things,", "You alone are God.28Psalms 86:10.", "And we,", "Your people, the sheep of Your pasture,", "will give thanks to You forever,", "from generation to generation", "we will recount Your praise.29Psalms 79:13.", "Blessed is Adonoy by day,", "Blessed is Adonoy by night,", "Blessed is Adonoy when we lie down,", "Blessed is Adonoy when we rise.", "For in Your hand", "are the souls of the living and the dead:", "[as it is written]: for in His hand", "is the soul of every living thing,", "and the spirit of every human being.30Job 12:10.", "In Your hand, I commit my spirit;", "You have liberated me", "Adonoy, Almighty of truth.31Psalms 31:6.", "Our God in heaven,", "reveal the unity of Your Name,", "preserve Your kingdom always", "and reign over us forever and ever.", "May our eyes behold,", "our heart rejoice, and our soul exalt", "in Your true deliverance,", "when it will be said to Zion:", "“Your God has begun His reign.”", "“Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King", "Adonoy will reign for ever and ever”", "For the kingdom is Yours", "and to all eternity, You will reign in glory;", "for we have no king except You.", "Blessed are You,", "the King in His glory,", "will always reign over us", "forever and ever,", "and over all His creation.", "The Chazzan recites the following half-Kaddish", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name", "in the world which He created", "according to His will", "and may He rule His kingdom", "bring forth His redemption", "and hasten the coming of His Mashiach.", "In your lifetime and in your days,", "and in the lifetime", "of the entire House of Israel,", "speedily and in the near future—", "and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed", "forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised,", "glorified, and exalted and uplifted,", "honored and elevated and extolled", "be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above)", "all the blessings and hymns,", "praises and consolations", "which we utter in the world—and say Amein." ], "Shemoneh Esrei": [ "My Master, open my lips,", "and my mouth will declare Your praise.", "THE VIRTUE OF OUR FOREFATHERS", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, and God of our fathers,", "God of Abraham, God of Isaac,", "and God of Jacob,", "the Almighty,", "the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome,", "most high Almighty,", "Who bestows beneficent kindness,", "Who possesses everything,", "Who remembers the piety of the Patriarchs,", "and Who brings a redeemer", "to their children's children,", "for the sake of His Name, with love.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add:", "Remember us for life", "King, Who desires life;", "and inscribe us in the Book of Life,", "for Your sake, Living God.)", "If you forgot to say this, see page 000.", "King, Helper, and Deliverer and Shield.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Shield of Abraham.", "DIVINE MIGHT", "You are mighty forever, my Master;", "You are the Resurrector of the dead", "the Powerful One to deliver us.", "From the Musaf of the first day of Pesach until the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres you should say:", "He causes the dew to descend.", "From the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres until the Musaf of the first day of Pesach you should say:", "Causer of the wind to blow", "and of the rain to fall.", "If you neglected to say this, see page 000.", "Sustainer of the living with kindliness,", "Resurrector of the dead with great mercy,", "Supporter of the fallen,", "and Healer of the sick,", "and Releaser of the imprisoned,", "and Fulfiller of His faithfulness", "to those who sleep in the dust.", "Who is like You, Master of mighty deeds,", "and who can be compared to You?", "King Who causes death and restores life,", "and causes deliverance to sprout forth.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add:", "Who is like You merciful Father,", "Who remembers His creatures for life,", "in His mercy.)", "If you forgot to say this, see page 000.", "And You are faithful", "to restore the dead to life.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Resurrector of the dead.", "DIVINE SANCTIFICATION", "You are holy and Your Name is holy", "and holy beings", "praise You every day, forever.", "For a great and Almighty King—", "great and holy—are You.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, continue at the asterisk (*) below", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "the Almighty, the Holy One.", "*During the Ten Days of Penitence:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "the King, the Holy One.", "If you mistakenly said, “the Almighty” instead of “the King,” or if you are in doubt, see page 000.", "PRAYER FOR UNDERSTANDING", "You favor man with perception", "and teach mankind understanding.", "(You have favored us", "[with the ability] to know Your Torah", "and taught us to fulfill", "the statutes of Your will.", "You made a distinction, Adonoy, our God,", "between sacred and unhallowed,", "between light and darkness,", "between Israel and the peoples,", "between the seventh day", "and the six work days.", "Our Father, our King,", "commence for us", "the days that approach us,", "in peace,", "devoid of all sin,", "and cleansed of all iniquity,", "and devoted to the fear of You.)", "And grant us from Your", "wisdom, understanding and knowledge.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Grantor of perception.", "PRAYER FOR PENITENCE", "Cause us to return, our Father,", "to Your Torah", "and bring us near, our King, to Your service;", "and bring us back", "in whole-hearted repentance before You", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who desires penitence.", "PRAYER FOR PARDON", "Pardon us, our Father, for we have sinned,", "forgive us, our King,", "for we have transgressed;", "for you are a good and forgiving almighty.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Gracious One, Who pardons abundantly.", "PRAYER FOR REDEMPTION", "Look, please, upon our affliction,", "and defend our cause:", "and redeem us", "speedily with complete redemption", "for the sake of Your Name;", "because You are a Mighty Redeemer.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Redeemer of Israel.", "(On Fast Days, the Chazzan says “Answer us” which is on page 000 and concludes, “Blessed are . . . Who responds at times of trouble.”)", "PRAYER FOR HEALING", "Heal us, Adonoy, and we will be healed,", "deliver us and we will be delivered;", "for You are our praise.", "Grant a cure and healing", "to all our sickness", "and to all our pain", "and to all our affliction", "because You are the Almighty, King,", "Who is a faithful and merciful Healer.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Healer of the sick of His people Israel.", "PRAYER FOR PROSPERITY", "Bless for us, Adonoy our God,", "this year", "and all the varieties of its produce", "for good;", "and bestow", "From the first day of Pesach until the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, we say the following line.", "blessing", "From the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, until the First day of Pesach, we say the following line.", "dew and rain for a blessing", "If you forgot to say this, see page 000.", "upon the face of the earth;", "satisfy us from its bounty", "and bless our year", "as other good years, for blessing,", "for You are generous Almighty", "who bestows goodness", "and blesses the years.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Blesser of the years.", "PRAYER FOR DELIVERANCE", "Sound the great shofar for our liberty,", "and raise a banner to gather our exiles,", "and gather us together quickly", "from the four corners of the earth.", "into our Land.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Gatherer", "of the dispersed of His people Israel.", "PRAYER FOR RIGHTEOUS JUDGMENT", "Restore our judges as before", "and our counselors as at first.", "Remove from us sorrow and sighing,", "and reign over us quickly", "You, Adonoy, alone", "with kindness and compassion;", "and make us righteous", "with righteousness and justice,", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, continue at the asterisk (*) below", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "King, Lover of righteousness and justice.", "*During the Ten Days of Penitence:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "the King of Justice.", "If you mistakenly said, “King, Lover of righteousness and justice,” instead of “the King of Justice,” see page 000.", "PRAYER FOR DIVINE RETRIBUTION", "For informers let there be no hope", "and may all wickedness instantly perish", "may all Your enemies be swiftly cut off,", "and the insolent", "may You quickly uproot, crush, rout,", "disgrace, humble", "and subdue speedily in our days.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Crusher of enemies", "and Subduer of the insolent.", "PRAYER FOR THE RIGHTEOUS SCHOLARS", "Upon the righteous, upon the pious,", "upon the elders of the remnant of Your people", "the House of Israel,", "upon the remnant of their scholars,", "upon the true proselytes, and upon us,", "may Your mercy be aroused,", "Adonoy our God.", "Grant bountiful reward", "to all who trust in Your Name in truth;", "and place our lot among them,", "and may we never be put to shame,", "for in You we have put our trust,", "and on Your great compassion", "we truly rely.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Support and Trust of the righteous.", "PRAYER FOR JERUSALEM", "And to Jerusalem, Your city,", "return in mercy,", "and dwell therein as You have spoken;", "and rebuild it soon, in our days,", "as an everlasting structure,", "and the throne of David, Your servant", "may You speedily establish therein.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Builder of Jerusalem.", "PRAYER FOR SALVATION", "The sprout of David, Your servant,", "speedily cause to flourish", "and exalt his power with Your deliverance,", "For Your deliverance we hope all day.", "and watch for Your deliverance.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who causes to sprout", "the power of salvation.", "PRAYER FOR ACCEPTANCE", "Merciful Father", "Hear our voice, Adonoy, our God;", "spare us and have compassion on us,", "and accept", "our prayers compassionately and willingly,", "for You are Almighty", "Who hears prayers and supplications;", "and from Your Presence, our King,", "do not turn us away empty-handed,", "be gracious and answer us", "and hear our prayer", "for You hear the prayers of every mouth", "of Your people, Israel, with compassion.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who hears prayers.", "PRAYER FOR RETURN OF DIVINE SERVICE", "Be pleased, Adonoy, our God,", "with Your people Israel", "and pay heed to their prayer;", "and restore the service", "to the Holy of Holies in Your abode,", "and the fire-offerings of Israel;", "and accept their prayer, lovingly", "and willingly.", "And may You always find pleasure", "with the service of Your people, Israel.", "On regular weekdays continue, “And may our eyes,” on p. 000.", "On Rosh Chodesh and on Chol HaMoed, the following prayer is added:", "Our God and God of our fathers,", "may there ascend, come, and reach,", "appear, be desired, and heard,", "counted and recalled", "our remembrance and reckoning;", "the remembrance of our fathers;", "the remembrance of the Mashiach", "the son of David, Your servant;", "the remembrance of Jerusalem,", "city of Your Sanctuary;", "and the remembrance of Your entire people,", "the House of Israel, before You", "for survival, for well-being,", "for favor, kindliness, compassion,", "for good life and peace", "on this day of:", "Rosh Chodesh", "the Festival of Matzos", "the Festival of Sukkos", "Remember us Adonoy, our God,", "on this day for well-being;", "be mindful of us on this day for blessing,", "and deliver us for good life.", "In accord with the promise of deliverance", "and compassion,", "spare us and favor us,", "have compassion on us and deliver us;", "for to You our eyes are directed", "because You are the Almighty", "Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "If you forgot to say this, see page 000.", "And may our eyes behold", "Your merciful return to Zion.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion.", "At the words, We are thankful, bend forward; at Adonoy return to an upright position.", "THANKSGIVING", "We are thankful to You", "that You Adonoy are our God", "and the God of our fathers forever;", "our Rock, Rock of our lives,", "the Shield of our deliverance,", "You are in every generation.", "We will give thanks to You", "and recount Your praise,", "for our lives", "which are committed into Your hand,", "and for our souls", "which are entrusted to You,", "and for Your miracles of every day with us,", "and for Your wonders and benefactions", "at all times—", "evening, morning and noon.", "(You are) The Beneficent One—", "for Your compassion is never withheld;", "And (You are) the Merciful One—", "for Your kindliness never ceases;", "for we have always placed our hope in You.", "(On Chanukah and Purim the following prayer is added. If you omitted it, you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei. If, however, you became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you should say it at that time, and conclude by saying, “ וְעַל כֻּלָּם , and for all the foregoing.”)", "[We thank You] for the miracles", "for the redemption, for the mighty deeds,", "for the deliverances, for the wonders", "for the consolations and for the wars", "that You performed for our fathers", "in those days at this season.", "On Chanukah:", "In the days of Matisyahu,", "son of Yochanan the High Priest,", "the Hasmonean and his sons,", "when the evil Greek kingdom rose up", "against Your people Israel", "to make them forget Your Torah", "and to turn them away", "from the statutes of Your will—", "You, in Your abundant mercy,", "stood by them in their time of distress,", "You defended their cause,", "You judged their grievances,", "You avenged them.", "You delivered the mighty", "into the hands of the weak,", "many into the hands of the few,", "defiled people into the hands of the undefiled,", "the wicked into the hands of the righteous,", "and insolent [sinners] into the hands of", "diligent students of Your Torah.", "And You made Yourself", "a great and sanctified name in Your world.", "And for Your people, Israel,", "You performed a great deliverance", "and redemption unto this very day.", "Afterwards, Your sons entered", "the Holy of Holies of Your Abode,", "cleaned Your Temple,", "purified Your Sanctuary,", "and kindled lights", "in the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary,", "and designated these eight days of Chanukah", "to thank and praise Your great Name.", "On Purim:", "In the days of Mordechai and Esther", "in Shushan the Capital [of Persia],", "when the evil Haman rose up against them,", "he sought to destroy, to kill,", "and to annihilate all the Jews,", "young and old, infants and women,", "in one day, the thirteenth day", "of the twelfth month,", "which is the month of Adar,", "and to plunder their wealth—", "And You, in Your abundant mercy,", "annulled his counsel,", "frustrated his intention,", "and brought his evil plan upon his own head,", "and they hanged him and his sons", "upon the gallows.", "And for all the foregoing", "blessed, exalted and extolled", "your Name, our King", "constantly, forever and ever.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, add:", "Inscribe for a good life", "all the children of Your covenant.", "If you forgot to say this, see page 000.", "And all the living shall thank You forever", "and praise and bless", "Your great Name with sincerity forever;", "for You are goodness—", "the Almighty, Who is our deliverance", "and our help forever—", "the benevolent Almighty.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "“The Beneficent” is Your Name", "and You it is fitting to praise.", "PRAYER FOR PEACE", "Grant peace, goodness, and blessing,", "life favor, kindness and compassion", "upon us and upon all Israel, Your people.", "Bless us, our Father, all of us as one", "with the light of Your countenance.", "For by the light of Your countenance", "You gave us Adonoy our God,", "a Torah of life and the love of kindliness,", "righteousness, blessing, compassion,", "life, and peace.", "And may it be good in Your sight", "to bless us", "and to bless Your people Israel,", "at all times and at every moment", "with Your peace", "(with much strength and peace).", "During the Ten Days of Penitence continue here:", "In the book of life, blessing, peace", "and abundant maintenance,", "good decrees, salvations and condolences,", "may we be remembered and inscribed", "before You;", "we and all Your people, the House of Israel", "for a good life and peace.", "If you forget to say this you need not go back and repeat it.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who blesses His people Israel", "with peace.", " The following is said by some in place of שים שלום on the previous page.", "Abundant peace", "upon Israel, Your people,", "bestow forever,", "for You King", "are the Master of all peace.", "And may it be good in Your sight", "to bless us", "and to bless Your people Israel,", "at all times and at every moment", "with Your peace.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence continue here:", "In the book of life, blessing, peace", "and abundant maintenance,", "good decrees, salvations and condolences,", "may we be remembered and inscribed", "before You;", "we and all Your people, the House of Israel", "for a good life and peace.", "If you forget to say this you need not go back and repeat it.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who blesses His people Israel", "with peace.", "May they be acceptable", "the words of my mouth", "and the thoughts of my heart, before You", "Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "My God, guard my tongue from evil", "and my lips from speaking deceitfully.", "To those who curse me,", "may my soul be unresponsive;", "and let my soul be like dust to all.", "Open my heart to Your Torah", "and let my soul pursue Your commandments.", "And all who plan evil against me,", "quickly annul their counsel", "and frustrate their intention.", "(May it it be Your will", "Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers,", "that no person be envious of me", "and that I not be envious of others,", "that I not be brought to anger this day,", "and that I not cause Your anger;", "and save me from the evil inclination,", "and help me be humble and any modest.", "Our King and our Father,", "unify Your Name in Your world,", "rebuild Your city, establish Your house", "and perfect your sanctuary.", "Gather our exiles,", "redeem Your people, rejoice Your congregation).", "Act for the sake of Your Name.", "Act for the sake of Your right hand.", "Act for the sake of Your Torah.", "Act for the sake of Your holiness.", "In order that Your loved ones be released,", "deliver [with] Your right hand and answer me.", "Biblical phrases applicable to one's name may be found on pp. 000-000.", "May they be acceptable—", "the words of my mouth", "and the thoughts of my heart—before You", "Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "He Who makes peace", "in His high heavens", "may He make peace", "upon us and upon all Israel", "and say Amein.", "May it be Your will,", "Adonoy, our God, and the God of our Fathers", "that the Holy Temple be rebuilt", "speedily in our days,", "and grant us our share in Your Torah.", "And there we will serve You reverently", "as in the days of old,", "and in earlier years.", "And let Adonoy be pleased", "with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem", "as in the days of old and in earlier years.", "The Chazzan recites the half Kaddish, and the congregation then says, “May the pleasantness” and “and You Holy One,” found on p. 000." ], "Motzei Shabbos Prayers": [ "At the conclusion of the Festivals, and on a Saturday night before a Festival, say עָלֵינוּ.", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name", "in the world which He created", "according to His will", "and may He rule His kingdom", "bring forth His redemption", "and hasten the coming of His Mashiach.", "In your lifetime and in your days,", "and in the lifetime", "of the entire House of Israel,", "speedily and in the near future—", "and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed", "forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised,", "glorified, and exalted and uplifted,", "honored and elevated and extolled", "be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above)", "all the blessings and hymns,", "praises and consolations", "which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May the pleasantness of my Master our God", "be upon us,", "and the work of our hands established for us,", "and the work of our hands—establish it.", "He who dwells", "in the shelter of the Supreme One,", "under the protection of Shadai he will abide.", "I say of Adonoy,", "[He is] my refuge and my stronghold,", "my God in Whom I trust.", "For He will save you from the snare-trap,", "from destructive pestilence.", "With His wings He will cover you", "and beneath His wings, you will find refuge;", "His truth is a shield, a full shield.", "You will not fear the terror of night,", "nor the arrow that flies by day.", "The pestilence that prowls in darkness,", "nor the deadly plague that ravages at noon.", "A thousand will fall at your [left] side,", "and ten thousand at your [right] side", "but it shall not come near you.", "Only with your eyes will you behold", "and see the punishment of the wicked.", "For you [have proclaimed]:", "“Adonoy is my refuge,”", "the Supreme One", "you have made your dwelling.", "No evil shall befall you,", "and no plague shall come near your tent.", "For His angels", "He will command on your behalf—", "to guard you in all your ways.", "They will carry you upon their hands,", "lest you hurt your foot on a rock.", "You will tread upon lion and snake,", "you will trample young lion and serpent.", "Because he clings to Me with desire,", "I will save him;", "I will strengthen him,", "for he knows My Name.", "When he calls upon Me, I will answer him;", "I am with him in distress,", "I will free him and honor him.", "I will satiate him with longevity,", "and will let him see My deliverance.", "I will satiate him with longevity,", "and will let him see My deliverance.", "And You, Holy One,", "are enthroned upon the praises of Israel.", "And [the angels] call one to another and say:", "“Holy, holy, holy", "is Adonoy of Hosts:", "the fullness of all the earth is His glory.”", "And they receive [sanction] one from another,", "and say,", "“Holy in the highest heights of heaven,", "the abode of His Divine Presence;", "holy upon earth,", "the work of His mighty power;", "holy forever and to all eternity—", "is Adonoy of Hosts;", "the whole earth is filled", "with the radiance of His glory.”", "And a wind lifted me;", "and I heard behind me", "the sound of a great rushing;", "“Blessed is the glory of Adonoy", "from His place.”", "“And a wind lifted me", "and I heard behind me", "a sound of a great rushing", "of those who uttered praises and said,", "“Blessed is the glory of Adonoy", "from the place,", "the abode of His Divine Presence.”", "Adonoy will reign forever and ever.", "Adonoy, His kingdom is established", "forever and to all eternity.", "Adonoy,", "God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel,", "our fathers,", "keep this forever", "as the intention of the hearts of Your people,", "and direct their hearts to You.", "And He, the merciful One,", "atons iniquity and does ot destroy;", "He frequently withdraws His anger", "and does not arouse all His rage.", "For You, my Master, are good and forgiving,", "and abounding in kindness", "to all who call upon You.", "Your righteousness is everlasting", "and Your Torah is truth.", "You will grant truth to Jacob", "kindliness to Abraham,", "as You have sworn to our fathers", "from the days of old.", "Blessed is my Master day by day;", "He loads us,", "the Almighty Who is our deliverance,", "forever.", "Adonoy of Hosts is with us", "a stronghold for us", "is the God of Jacob, selah.", "Adonoy of Hosts,", "fortunate is the man who trusts in You.", "Adonoy, deliver [us];", "the King will answer us on the day we call.", "Blessed is He, our God,", "Who created us for His glory,", "and set us apart from those who go astray;", "and gave us the Torah of truth,", "and eternal life He implanted within us.", "May He open our heart to His Torah,", "and instill in our heart love and awe of Him,", "to do His will and serve Him", "with a perfect heart,", "so that we shall not labor in vain", "nor bring forth that which causes dismay.", "May it be Your will,", "Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers,", "that we keep Your statutes in this world,", "and [thus] be privileged to live and behold,", "and to inherit the goodness and blessing", "of the Messianic days", "and in the life of the World to Come.", "In order that my soul sing to You", "and not be stilled;", "Adonoy, my God, forever will I thank You.", "Blessed is the man who trusts in Adonoy,", "so that Adonoy is his security.", "Trust in Adonoy until the end of days,", "for in God,", "Adonoy, is the strength of the worlds.", "Those who know your Name will trust in You,", "for You have never forsaken", "those who seek You, Adonoy.", "Adonoy desired,", "for the sake of His righteousness,", "to make the Torah great and to glorify it." ], "Aleinu": [ "The Chazzan recites the following Kaddish:", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name", "in the world which He created", "according to His will", "and may He rule His kingdom", "bring forth His redemption", "and hasten the coming of His Mashiach", "in your lifetime and in your days,", "and in the lifetime", "of the entire House of Israel,", "speedily and in the near future—", "and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed", "forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised,", "glorified, and exalted and uplifted,", "honored and elevated and extolled", "be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above)", "all the blessings and hymns,", "praises and consolations", "which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be acceptance", "of the prayers and supplications", "of the entire House of Israel", "before their Father in heaven.", "And say, Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven", "and life", "for us and for all Israel,", "—and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens", "may He, make peace", "for us and for all Israel,", "—and say Amein.", "It is our obligation to praise", "the Master of all,", "to ascribe greatness", "to the Creator of the [world in the] beginning:", "that He has not made us", "like the nations of the lands,", "and has not positioned us", "like the families of the earth;", "that He has not assigned", "our portion like theirs,", "nor our lot like that of all their multitudes.", "For they prostrate themselves", "to vanity and nothingness,", "and pray to a god that cannot deliver.", "But we bow, prostrate ourselves,", "and offer thanks", "before the Supreme King of kings,", "the Holy One blessed is He,", "Who spreads the heavens,", "and establishes the earth,", "and the Seat of His glory is in heaven above,", "and the abode of His invincible might", "is in the loftiest heights.", "He is our God, there is nothing else.", "Our King is true,", "all else is insignificant,", "as it is written in His Torah:", "“And you shall know this day", "and take into your heart", "that Adonoy is God", "in the heavens above", "and upon the earth below;", "there is nothing else.”", "We therefore put our hope in You,", "Adonoy our God,", "to soon behold the glory of Your might", "in banishing idolatry from the earth", "and the false gods", "will be utterly exterminated", "to perfect the world", "as the kingdom of Shadai.", "And all mankind will invoke Your Name,", "to turn back to You,", "all the wicked of the earth.", "They will realize and know,", "all the inhabitants of the world,", "that to You, every knee must bend,", "every tongue must swear [allegiance to You].", "Before You, Adonoy, our God,", "they will bow and prostrate themselves,", "and to the glory of Your Name give honor.", "And they will all accept [upon themselves]", "the yoke of Your kingdom,", "and You will reign over them, soon,", "forever and ever.", "For the kingdom is Yours,", "and to all eternity You will reign in glory,", "as it is written in Your Torah:", "“Adonoy will reign forever and ever.”", "And it is said:", "“And Adonoy will be King", "over the whole earth;", "on that day Adonoy will be One", "and His Name One.”", "Do not fear sudden terror", "nor the destruction of the wicked", "when it comes.", "Take counsel together and it will be foiled", "speak the word and it will not stand", "for God is with us.", "To your old age I am [with you],", "to your older years I will sustain you,", "I have made you, and I will carry you,", "I will sustain you and save you.", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name", "in the world which He created", "according to His will", "and may He rule His kingdom", "bring forth His redemption", "and hasten the coming of His Mashiach", "in your lifetime and in your days,", "and in the lifetime", "of the entire House of Israel,", "speedily and in the near future—", "and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed", "forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised,", "glorified, and exalted and uplifted,", "honored and elevated and extolled", "be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above)", "all the blessings and hymns,", "praises and consolations", "which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven", "and life", "for us and for all Israel,", "—and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens", "may He, make peace", "for us and for all Israel,", "—and say Amein." ] }, "Counting the Omer": [ "The Omer is counted from the second night of Pesach until the night before Shavuos. The counting of forty-nine days (seven weeks) between the Festival of Pesach and Shavuos (the Feast of Weeks), connects the exodus from Egypt with the festival of the giving of the Torah. Just as one who awaits a most intimate friend on a certain day counts the days in eager anticipation of his arrival, so do we count the days from our liberation till the day we receive the Torah, which is the culmination and fulfillment of our freedom.", "It is proper to count the Omer at the beginning of the night, usually after the Maariv Service, and the Omer should be counted while standing.", "I am prepared and ready to perform", "the affirmative command to count the Omer,", "as it is written in the Torah,", "And you shall count for yourselves,", "from the day after the day of rest,", "from the day you bring", "the omer as the wave-offering,", "seven complete weeks shall there be;", "until the day following the seventh week", "shall you count fifty days;", "and you shall bring a", "new meal-offering unto Adonoy.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the universe,", "Who sanctified us with His commandments", "and commanded us to count the Omer.", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "The Merciful One, may He return for us", "the service of the Beis Hamikdash in its place", "speedily in our days, Amein, Selah.", "Psalm 67", "To Him, Who grants victory:1Psalm 67 is recited because the seven verses which follow the introductory verse contain 49 words corresponding to the seven weeks (49 days) that link Pesach to the giving of the Torah on Shavuos.", "a psalm with instrumental music, a song.", "[May] God favor us and bless us,", "[may He] cause His countenance to shine", "among us forever;", "[so] that Your way become known on earth,", "[and] Your deliverance among all nations.", "Peoples will thank You, God,", "all the peoples will thank You.", "Nations will rejoice and sing", "when You judge the peoples justly,", "and lead the nations upon the earth forever.", "Peoples will thank You, God,", "all the peoples will thank You.", "The earth will have yielded its produce;", "God, our God, will have blessed us.", "God will bless us,", "and they will fear Him—", "all [men even from] the ends of the earth.", "Please, by the force of Your great right hand,", "release the bound one.", "Accept the prayer of Your people;", "strengthen us, purify us, awesome One!", "Please mighty One—", "those who seek Your unity—", "preserve them like the apple [of Your eye.]", "Bless them,", "purify them, have mercy on them;", "Your benevolent righteousness", "[may You] always bestow upon them.", "Mighty, Holy One", "in Your abundant goodness", "lead Your community.", "Unique One, Exalted, turn to Your people", "who are mindful of Your holiness.", "Accept our prayer and hear our cry,", "[You] Who knows hidden thoughts.", "Blessed [is His] Name,", "Whose glorious Kingdom", "is forever and ever.", "Master of the universe,", "You commanded us", "through the hands of Your servant, Moses,", "to count the Omer", "in order to purify us", "from our evil and defilement.", "As You have written in Your Torah:", "And you shall count for yourselves,", "from the day after the day of rest,", "from the day you bring", "the omer as the wave-offering,", "seven complete weeks, shall there be;", "until the day following the seventh week", "shall you count fifty days,", "in order to cleanse", "the souls of Your people Israel", "from their impurities.", "Therefore, may it be Your will,", "Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers,", "that in the merit of the Omer", "which I counted today,", "may any defect I have caused be rectified.", "", "May I be purified and sanctified", "with sublime holiness,", "and thereby", "may abundant bounty be bestowed", "upon all the worlds.", "May it rectify our being,", "our spirit and our souls", "from every baseness and defect,", "and may it purify us and sanctify us", "with Your sublime holiness.", "Amen, Selah." ], "Prayer Before Retiring at Night": [ "The following is Omitted on the Shabbat and Festivals.", "Master of the universe!", "I hearby forgive", "anyone who has angered me,", "or sinned against me,", "either physically or financially,", "against my honor or anything that is mine,", "whether accidentally or intentionally,", "inadvertently or deliberately,", "by speech or by deed,", "in this incarnation", "or in any other", "any Israelite [is forgiven],", "may no man be punished on my account.", "May it be Your will,", "Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers,", "that I shall sin no more", "nor repeat my sins,", "neither shall I again anger You", "nor do what is wrong in Your eyes.", "The sins I have committed,", "erase in your abounding mercies,", "but not through suffering or severe illnesses.", "May they be acceptable", "the words of my mouth", "and the thoughts of my heart, before You", "Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who causes the fetters of sleep to fall", "upon my eyes,", "and slumber upon my eyelids.", "And illuminates the pupil of the eye.", "May it be Your will,", "Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers", "to make me lie down in peace,", "and to raise me (again)", "to good life and peace,", "and grant me my portion in Your Torah,", "make us accustomed to do Your commands,", "and let us not become accustomed to sin,", "Do not bring us", "into the grasp of sin,", "Do not cause us to be tested,", "or brought to disgrace.", "May I be ruled by the Good Inclination", "and let me not be ruled over", "by the Evil Inclination.", "Protect me from Satan,", "from an evil mishap and from illnesses.", "Let my thoughts not terrify me—", "nor evil dreams", "or evil fancies (disturb me),", "and may my bed be perfect before You.1The word “bed” is used here figuratively for one’s future generations. See Rashi to Genesis 47:31; It was said of our forefather Jacob that “his bed was perfect: indicating that all his offspring were pure and steadfast.—Iyun T’filoh", "And light up my eyes", "lest I sleep the sleep of death,", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who illuminates the whole world", "with His glory.", "If one has prayed Ma'ariv and with it recited Sh'ma earlier than the ideal time for the evening Sh'ma, he should repeat all of it here. Some people have the custom of reciting all three paragraphs here every night.", "Almighty, faithful King", "Hear, Israel", "Adonoy is our God", "Adonoy is One", "The following three lines are to be said silently:", "Blessed [is His] Name,", "Whose glorious Kingdom", "is forever and ever.", "And you shall love Adonoy, your God", "with all your heart", "and with all your soul", "and with all your possessions.", "And these words", "which I command you today", "shall be upon your heart.", "And you shall teach them sharply", "to your children,", "and you shall discuss them", "when you sit in your house,", "and when you travel on the road,", "and when you lie down and when you rise.", "And you shall bind them for a sign", "upon your hand,", "and they shall be for totafos", "between your eyes.", "And you shall write them", "upon the doorposts of your house", "and upon your gateways.", "If one has prayed Maariv and with it recited Shema earlier than the ideal time for the evening Shema, he should repeat all of it here. Some people have the custom of reciting all three paragraphs here every night.", "May the pleasantness of my Master, our God,", "be upon us,2In this closing sentence of Psalm 90, Moses prays that the Divine Presence rest on the Jewish nation exclusively.", "and the work3David prays first that the service Jewry performs in the Sanctuary, the sacrificial offerings, and the general performance of mitzvos be willingly accepted by God. Then he prays that even the work we do for our own needs be acceptable before Gold.—Iyun T’Filoh of our hands establish for us", "and the work4The first mention of work refers to the actual endeavors of our hands, whereas the second mention of work refers to what was achieved by our hands.—Iyun Tefilloh of our hands may He establish.", "He who dwells", "in the shelter of the Supreme One,", "under the protection of Shadai He will abide.", "I say of Adonoy,", "[He is] my refuge and my stronghold,", "my God in Whom I trust.", "For He will save you from the snare-trap,", "from destructive pestilence.", "With His wings He will cover you", "and beneath His wings, you will find refuge;", "His truth is a shield, a full shield.", "You will not fear the terror of night,", "nor the arrow that flies by day,", "the pestilence that prowls in darkness,", "nor the deadly plague that ravages at noon.", "A thousand will fall at your [left] side,", "and ten thousand at your [right] side", "but it5“It” refers to “arrow,” “pestilence,” and “plague” of the previous verse. shall not come near you.", "Only with your eyes will you behold", "and see the punishment of the wicked.6You will only see the destruction but you will not be harmed by it.", "For you [have proclaimed]:", "Adonoy is my refuge,", "the Supreme One", "you have made your dwelling", "No evil shall befall you,", "and no plague shall come near your tent.", "For His angels", "He will command on your behalf—", "to guard you in all your ways.", "They will carry you upon their hands,", "lest you hurt your foot on a rock.", "You will tread upon lion and snake,", "you will trample young lion and serpent.", "Because he clings to Me with desire,", "I will save him;", "I will strengthen him, for he knows My Name.", "When he calls upon Me, I will answer him;", "I am with him in distress,", "I will free him and honor him.", "I will satiate him with longevity,", "and will let him see My deliverance.", "I will satiate him with longevity", "and will let him see My deliverance.", "Psalms 3:2-9", "Adonoy, how many are my tormentors;7Psalm 3 was sung by David when, at the age of 65, he had to flee his son Absalom.", "many rise up against me.", "Many say of my soul:", "There is no deliverance for him", "through God, forever.", "But You, Adonoy, are a shield for me;", "my glory and Raiser of my head.", "With my voice, I call out to Adonoy,", "and He answers me from His holy mountain,", "forever.", "I lay down and slept;", "I awake for Adonoy supports me.", "I fear not the tens of thousands of people", "deployed against me from every side.", "Rise Adonoy, deliver me, my God,", "for You have struck all my enemies8David is confident of God’s help, because God has always smitten his enemies.—Radak", "on the cheek;", "You have broken the teeth of the wicked.", "Deliverance is Adonoy's;", "upon Your people is Your blessing, selah.", "Adonoy, our God, make us lie down in peace,", "our King, raise us [again]", "to good life and peace.", "Spread over us the shelter of Your peace,", "and direct us to better ourselves", "through Your good counsel;", "and deliver us speedily for Your Name's sake.", "Shield us, and remove from us", "enemies, pestilence,", "sword, famine and sorrow.", "Remove the adversary from before us", "and from behind us,", "and in the shadow of Your wings shelter us.", "For You are the Almighty", "Who is our protector and rescuer.", "For You are the Almighty", "Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "Guard our going out and our coming in", "for life and peace", "from now, forever.", "Blessed is Adonoy by day,", "Blessed is Adonoy by night.", "Blessed is Adonoy when we lie down", "Blessed is Adonoy when we rise.", "For in Your hand", "are the souls of the living and the dead,", "(as it is written): For in His hand", "is the soul of every living thing", "and the spirit of every human being.", "In Your hand, I commit my spirit;", "You have liberated me,", "Adonoy, Almighty of truth.", "Our God in heaven,", "reveal the unity of Your Name,", "preserve Your kingdom always,", "and reign over us forever and ever.", "May our eyes behold,", "may our heart rejoice and our soul exalt", "in Your true deliverance,", "when it will be said to Zion:", "Your God has begun His reign", "Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King,", "Adonoy will reign forever and ever", "For the Kingdom is Yours", "and to all eternity, You will reign in glory,", "for we have no king except You.", "The angel who redeemed me from all evil9These are the words used by Jacob when he blessed Joseph, and his sons Ephraim and Menashe.—Genesis 48:16", "May he bless the lads;", "and may they be called by my name", "and the names of my fathers,", "Abraham and Isaac;", "and may they multiply", "like fish within the land.", "And He said, \"If you will diligently heed", "the voice of Adonoy, your God,", "and do what is upright in His eyes,", "and listen carefully to His commandments,", "and guard all His statutes—", "[then] every sickness", "that I put in Egypt,", "I will not put upon you,", "for I am Adonoy, your Healer.10Exodus 15:26", "And Adonoy said to Satan:", "Adonoy rebukes you, Satan,", "Adonoy rebukes you,", "He Who chose Jerusalem;", "for is this one not a firebrand", "plucked out of the fire?11Zechariah 3:2", "Behold the bed of Solomon!", "Sixty mighty men [are set] around it,", "of the mighty men of Israel.", "All of them armed with swords,", "trained in warfare;", "each man has his sword at his side,", "because of the dread of the night.12Song of Songs 3:7-8", "Each unit is said three times:", "Adonoy bless you and guard you!", "Adonoy shine His countenance upon you", "and be gracious unto You!", "Adonoy turn His countenance toward you", "and grant you peace!13Numbers 6:24-26", "Behold, He neither slumbers nor sleeps!", "the Guardian of Israel.14Psalms 121:4", "For your deliverance, I hope, Adonoy;15Genesis 49:18", "I hope, Adonoy, for Your deliverance;", "Adonoy, for Your deliverance I hope.", "In the Name of Adonoy, God of Israel:", "at my right [hand] Michael,", "at my left [hand] Gabriel,", "before me Uriel,", "behind me Raphael,", "and above my head, the Presence of Almighty.", "A song of ascents", "Fortunate are all who fear Adonoy,", "who walk in His ways.", "When you eat of the toil of your hands", "you are fortunate and it is good with you.", "Your wife will be like a fruitful vine", "in the innermost parts of your house;", "your children like olive plants", "around your table.", "Behold! thus shall be blessed the man", "who fears Adonoy.", "Adonoy bless you from Zion!", "and [may you] see the good of Jerusalem", "all the days of your life!", "May you [live to] see", "your children's children!", "Peace upon Israel!16Psalms 128", "To be said three times:", "Tremble and do not sin;", "commune with your hearts upon your bed,", "and be silent, selah!17Psalms 4:5", "Master of the Universe Who reigned", "before any creature was created.", "At the time when all was made by His will,", "then was His Name proclaimed King.", "And after all things shall cease to be", "the Awesome One will reign alone.", "He was, He is,", "and He shall be in glory.", "He is One, and there is no second", "to compare to Him, to associate [with Him].", "Without beginning, without end,", "power and dominion are His.", "He is my God and my ever-living Redeemer,", "the Rock of my destiny in times of distress.", "He is my flag and my refuge;", "He is the portion of my cup on the day I call.", "Into His hand I entrust my spirit", "[both] when I sleep and when I awaken.", "And with my spirit my body [too],", "Adonoy is with me, I shall not fear." ], "Berachos on Lulav": [ "Many recite the following prayer before taking the four species (Lulav).", "", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the Universe", "Who sanctified us with His commandments", "and commanded us", "concerning the taking of the lulav.", "If you are taking the lulav for the first time on Sukkos, you should also recite:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the Universe", "Who has kept us alive and sustained us", "and brought us to this time." ], "Hallel": [ "Hallel, the name especially applied to Psalms 113-118, is mentioned in the Talmud (Pesachim 117a), when Rabbi Judah quoted Samuel as saying “Who recited this Hallel? (Who ordained that this Hallel be read?) The prophets ordained that Israel should recite Hallel when they are redeemed from misfortune as an expression of gratitude for their redemption.”", "In time, the Rabbis made the reading of Hallel obligatory on the major festivals such as Pesach, Shavuos, and Sukkos. Since Maccabean times, Chanukah is like- wise marked by the reading of Hallel. On Purim the reading of the Scroll of Esther takes the place of Hallel. (Maseches Megillah 14a)", "The reading of Hallel on Rosh Chodesh is not rabbinically ordained, but a minhag, a custom which began with the Jews of Babylon in the second century, and has been accepted by all Israel as an obligatory Service. Because it is a minor festival, the Hallel is shortened on Rosh Chodesh by omitting half of Psalms 115 and 116. On the last six days of Pesach also, only “half”-Hallel is recited to show that our joy is diminished because of the drowning of the Egyptians.", "Hallel is omitted in a house of mourning (during the week of shiv'ah) on Rosh Chodesh and Chanukah.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the Universe,", "Who sanctified us with His commandments", "and commanded us to read the Hallel.", "Praise God!", "Praise, you servants of Adonoy,1Servitude is usually accompanied by unhappiness and depression, causing the slaves to seek ways of escaping from their master to attain freedom. Servitude of God, however, brings happiness; the Jew seeks ways to serve God and joyfully accepts the “yoke of Divine Sovereignty.”—Sfas Emes", "praise the Name of Adonoy.", "The name of Adonoy will be blessed", "from now forever.", "From the rising of the sun to its setting,", "praised is the Name of Adonoy.", "High above all nations, is Adonoy", "above the heavens, is His Glory.", "Who is like Adonoy, our God,", "Who dwells on high,", "[yet] looks down so low2Enthroned in the highest heavens, He stoops to regard the most lowly on earth. Rabbi Yochanan said, “In every scriptural passage where you find the greatness of God mentioned, there you also find mention of His humility. (Megillah 31a)", "in the heavens and [upon] the earth?", "He raises up the poor from the dust,", "from the dunghills He lifts up the needy,3 3 A דַל (poor man) has absolutely nothing, whereas an אֶבְיוֹן (a needy person), though in dire need, is slightly better off. The Vilna Gaon says that this verse is to be understood in a spiritual sense: God raises up even the spiritually poor person who is completely destitute in terms of Torah and mitzvos ; the spiritually needy person is one who may have some knowledge and good deeds but who has sunk into the dunghill of sin. If he earnestly seeks to repent, God will raise him to such a high level of spiritual purity that he will be seated with the “nobles of His people” (the patriarchs and the prophets).", "to seat [them] with nobles,", "with the nobles of His people.", "He returns the barren woman to the home4Metsudas Dovid translates, “He causes the barren woman to return to the home,” explaining that a woman without children spends most of her time outside the house. When God grants her children, He thereby causes her to stay at home, rearing her children.", "[as] a joyful mother of children.", "Praise God!", "When Israel went out of Egypt,", "the House of Jacob", "from a people of an alien language,5 5 לַעַז refers to any non-Hebraic tongue. לוֹעֵז denotes a person who speaks an alien tongue. Targum Yonoson interprets עַם לוֹעֵז , “a barbaric people.”", "Judah became His holy nation,6“And you will be unto Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.”—Exodus 19:6", "Israel, His dominion.", "The sea saw and fled,", "the Jordan turned back.", "The mountains skipped like rams,", "the hills like young sheep.", "What startles you, sea,", "that you flee;", "Jordan, that you turn backwards?", "Mountains, that you skip like rams", "hills, like young sheep?", "Tremble, earth, before the Master,7 7 According to the Sages, the words חוּלִי אָרֶץ indicate the creation, i.e., the birth of the world. The verse is thus translated: “Before the Master, the Creator of the earth.”", "from before the God of Jacob,", "Who turns the rock8God made water flow from a rock at Refidim.—Exodus 17:6 and Numbers 20:8-11", "into a pool of water,", "the flintstone into a fountain of water.", "On Rosh Chodesh and on the last six days of Pesach omit the following paragraph, and continue Adonoy, mindful.", "Not for our sake, Adonoy,9According to Seporno, the Psalmist foresaw the destruction of the First Temple and prayed for its restoration, “not for our sake but for Your Name.” He also asked God to “give honor to His Name” even during the period of exile through His performance of miracles on behalf of the righteous of the generation.", "not for our sake,", "but unto Your Name give honor,", "for the sake of Your kindliness,", "for the sake of Your truth.", "Why should the nations say,", "“Where now is their God?”", "And [indeed,] our God is in heaven,", "whatever He desires, He does.", "Their idols10עַצַבֵּיהֶם is related to עָצֵב which means “sadness” or “grief.” Radak notes that idols bring only grief to those who depend on them. are silver and gold,", "products of human hands.", "They have a mouth but cannot speak,", "they have eyes but cannot see,", "they have ears but cannot hear,", "they have a nose, but cannot smell.", "Their hands cannot feel.", "Their feet cannot walk,", "they cannot speak with their throat.", "Like them shall be their makers—", "all who put their trust in them.", "Israel, trust in Adonoy;11Maharal of Prague notes that there are three classes of those who place their trust in God. Israel manifests their trusts in Him like children who trust in their father. The House of Aaron, those who serve God out of love, manifest trust in Him their love for Him; while those who serve God out of reverence, manifest trust in Him through their reverence for Him.", "He is their help and their shield.", "House of Aaron, trust in Adonoy;", "He is their help and their shield.", "[You] who fear Adonoy, trust in Adonoy;12The Sages say that this refers to the proselytes (who were not included in the categories previously mentioned.)", "He is their help and their shield.", "Adonoy, mindful of us, will bless13The Psalmist beseeches God to bless the House of Israel each time we are mentioned before Him: “Adonoy when we are mentioned bless us.”—Maharal of Prague—", "He will bless the House of Israel;", "He will bless the House of Aaron.", "He will bless those who fear Adonoy,", "the small ones along with the great.", "May Adonoy increase you,", "you and your children.14He will so bless those who fear Him that the young will retain an eternal link with the old, so that the blessing of the parents will be transferred to the children.—S.R. Hirsch", "Blessed are you unto Adonoy,", "the Maker of heaven and earth.", "The heaven is the heaven of Adonoy,15The heaven is heavenly without the efforts of man. He is not asked to perfect the heavens. The earth, however, was “given” to man as his province, and he is asked to perfect it. The earth was given to man with the injunction that he transform its material nature into a spiritual holiness dedicated to God.—Numerous Chasidic sources", "but the earth He gave to mankind.", "The dead do not praise God,", "nor do those who go down", "into the silence (of the grave).", "But we will bless God", "from now forever.", "Praise God!", "On Rosh Chodesh and on the last six days of Pesach omit the following paragraph, and continue, “How can I repay.”", "I love when Adonoy hears16The Jewish people said: “Sovereign of the Universe! When am I loved by You? When You hear the sound of my prayer” (Pesachim 118b). One who loves another enjoys even the sound of his voice, regardless of the merit of his request. The Jew declares that he is loved when God listens even to the sound of his prayer—Agra D’pirka.", "my voice, my prayers.", "Because He turned His ear to me,", "throughout my days I will call [upon Him].", "I am encompassed with pangs of death", "and the narrow confines of the grave", "come upon me;", "trouble and sorrow I encounter.", "And upon the Name, Adonoy, I call", "“I beseech You, Adonoy, save my soul.”", "Gracious is Adonoy and righteous,", "and our God is compassionate.", "Adonoy protects the simple;", "I was brought low and He delivered me.", "Return, my soul, to your restfulness,", "for Adonoy has rewarded you bountifully.", "For You freed my soul from death,", "my eye from tears,", "my foot from stumbling.", "I will walk before Adonoy", "in the land of the living.17According the Rashi and Radak, the land of the living refers to Eretz Yisroel.", "I had faith (even) when I said,", "“I suffer greatly.”", "I said in my haste,", "“All men are deceitful.”18David said this when he was forced to flee from Absalom. Others say that it refers to his troubles when Saul tried to trap him. (See 1 Samuel 23)", "How can I repay Adonoy", "for all the rewards He bestowed on me?", "The cup of deliverance I will raise,19 19 The word יְשׁוּעוֹת is plural, indicating more than one deliverance. Ibn Ezra says that there are many different ways in which God delivers us. Accordingly, S.R. Hirsch translates, “I shall raise the cup of deliverance’s many forms and call upon the Name Adonoy.”", "and upon the Name, Adonoy, I will call.", "My vows to Adonoy I will fulfill", "in the presence of all His people.", "Precious in the eyes of Adonoy", "is the death of His pious ones.20 20 Ibn Ezra maintains that the word יָקָר is to be translated קָשֶׁה , difficult. He interprets: “The untimely death of His pious ones is most difficult in the sight of God.”", "I beseech You, Adonoy,21The Jew pleads with God, asking the Almighty to accept him as His servant.—Sfas Emes", "for I am Your servant—", "I am Your servant,", "the son of Your handmaid;", "You have loosened my bonds.", "To You I will offer offerings of thanksgiving,", "and upon the Name, Adonoy, I will call.", "My vows to Adonoy I will fulfill.", "in the presence of all His people.", "In the courtyards of the House of God,", "in Your midst, Jerusalem.", "Praise God!", "Praise Adonoy, all nations22The shortest of all Psalms, it is one of the grandest. According to commentaries it refers to the Messianic times. It restates the ultimate hope of the Jew that all children of men shall one day be united in pure worship of God.", "extol Him, all peoples.", "For His kindness overwhelmed us,", "and Adonoy's truth is forever.", "Praise God!", "The following four verses are chanted by the Chazzan and congregation with the congregation responding “Thank Adonoy” after each verse.", "Thank Adonoy for He is good,", "for His kindness endures forever.23Each act of kindness that God does with the Jewish People is not of a temporary nature, lasting merely a day or a year, but its effects endure forever, as it is said: “The kindlinesses of Adonoy have not ended nor are His mercies exhausted” (Lamentations 3:22)—Sfas Emes.", "Let Israel declare:", "for His kindness endures forever.", "Response: Thank Adonoy for He is good,", "for His kindness endures forever.", "Let the House of Aaron declare:", "for His kindness endures forever.", "Response: Thank Adonoy for He is good,", "for His kindness endures forever.", "Let those who fear Adonoy declare:", "for His kindness endures is forever.", "Response: Thank Adonoy for He is good,", "for His kindness endures forever.", "From the narrowness (of distress)", "I called [to] God,", "He answered me", "with the breadth of Divine relief.", "Adonoy is with me, I will not fear,", "what can man do to me?", "Adonoy is with me, to help me,", "and I will see my enemies' (defeat).", "It is better to take refuge in Adonoy24The Psalmist declares that it is far better to rely on God even without His specific assurance of help, than to place one’s trust in man, even with his promises of assistance.—Siddur HaGra", "than to trust in man.", "It is better to take refuge in Adonoy", "than to trust in nobles.", "All nations surround me;", "in Adonoy's Name, I cut them down.", "They surrounded me, they surround me;", "in Adonoy's Name, I cut them down.", "They surrounded me like bees,", "[but] they were extinguished like a thorn fire;", "in Adonoy's Name, I cut them down.", "You pushed me again and again25The Psalmist addresses his enemies. to fall,", "but Adonoy helped me.", "The strength and retribution of God", "was (the cause of) my deliverance.", "The sound of joyous song and deliverance", "is in the tents of the righteous:", "the right hand of Adonoy", "performs deeds of valor.", "The right hand of Adonoy is exalted,", "the right hand of Adonoy", "performs deeds of valor.", "I shall not die; for I shall live", "and relate the deeds of God.", "God has severely chastised me,", "but unto death He has not handed me.", "Open for me the gates of righteousness;", "I will enter them,", "I will give thanks unto God.", "This gate is Adonoy's", "the righteous shall enter it.", "I thank You for You answered me,26 26 According to Sfas Emes the word עֲנִיתָנִי can also read עִנִיתָנִי which is translated, “You have afflicted me.” The Psalmist thanks God for afflicting him, because that affliction became the source of his deliverance.", "and You have been my deliverance.", "I thank You for You answered me,", "and You have been my deliverance.", "The stone which the builders scorned", "became the cornerstone.27According to our Sages, this verse was recited by David’s father, Yishai, when the prophet, Samuel chose David as the one destined to be king of Israel. Yishai thought that one of his other sons would be selected, as he considered David to be inferior to them.", "The stone which the builders scorned", "became the cornerstone.", "This is Adonoy's doing,", "it is a marvel in our eyes.", "This is Adonoy's doing,", "it is a marvel in our eyes.", "This day was made by Adonoy,", "let us exult and rejoice in Him.", "This day was made by Adonoy.", "let us exult and rejoice in Him.", "The Chazzan chants each of the following four lines and the congregation repeats after him.", "We implore You, Adonoy, deliver us!", "We implore You, Adonoy, deliver us!", "We beseech You, Adonoy, make us successful!", "We beseech You, Adonoy, make us successful!", "Blessed be he who comes", "in the Name of Adonoy;", "we bless you from Adonoy's House.", "Blessed be he who comes", "in the Name of Adonoy;", "we bless you from Adonoy's House.", "Almighty, Adonoy, He gave us light;", "bind the festival sacrifices with ropes28The offerings that were brought free of blemish were tied down to protect them until they could be sacrificed and their blood sprinkled on the corners of the Altar.", "(until they are brought) to the corners", "of the Altar.", "Almighty, Adonoy, He gave us light;", "bind the festival sacrifices with ropes", "(until they are brought) to the corners", "of the Altar.", "You are my Almighty", "and I will give thanks to You;", "My God, I will exalt You.", "You are my Almighty", "and I will give thanks to You;", "My God, I will exalt You.", "Thank Adonoy for He is good;", "for His kindness endures forever.", "Thank Adonoy for He is good;", "for His kindness endures forever.", "Your praise, Adonoy our God,", "[will be proclaimed by] all Your works,", "Your pious ones, the righteous,", "who do Your will;", "and all Your people, the House of Israel,", "will joyfully thank and bless,", "praise and glorify and sing,", "exalt and revere,", "sanctify and proclaim the sovereignty", "of Your Name, our King continuously.", "For to You it is good to give thanks,", "and to Your Name it is fitting to sing praises,", "for from this world to the next,", "You are Almighty.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "King, Who is extolled with praises.", "As a segulah for long life, some people say the following verse on Rosh Chodesh:", "And Avrohom was old,", "well-on in years,", "and Adonoy blessed Avrohom", "with everything.", "On Succos, the Hoshanos are said, before the Chazzan recites the following Kaddish", "On Rosh Chodesh and on Chol HaMoed the Chazzan recites the Whole Kaddish. On Chanukah (except for Rosh Chodesh-Chanukah and Shabbos-Chanukah) he recites the Half-Kaddish.", "The Service continues with the Order of Reading the Torah. After the conclusion of the Torah reading, אַשְׁרֵי (Fortunate), and וּבָא לְצִיוֹן (The Redeemer will come), are said. The Chazzan recites Half-Kaddish , the Tefillin are then removed and the Congregation says the Musaf Amidah.", "The Chazzan recites the following Kaddish:", "Exalted and sanctified be His great Name", "in the world which He created", "according to His will", "and may He rule His kingdom", "bring forth His redemption", "and hasten the coming of His Mashiach", "in your lifetime and in your days,", "and in the lifetime", "of the entire House of Israel,", "speedily and in the near future—", "and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed", "forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised,", "glorified, and exalted and uplifted,", "honored and elevated and extolled", "be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above", "all the blessings and hymns,", "praises and consolations", "which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be acceptance", "of the prayers and supplications", "of the entire House of Israel", "before their Father in heaven.", "And say, Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven", "and good life", "for us and for all Israel,", "—and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens", "may He, make peace", "for us and for all Israel,", "—and say Amein." ], "Musaf for Rosh Chodesh": [ "“When I proclaim Adonoy's Name", "attribute greatness to our God.”", "My Master open my lips", "and my mouth will declare Your praise.", "THE VIRTUE OF OUR FOREFATHERS", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, and God of our fathers,", "God of Abraham, God of Isaac,", "and God of Jacob,", "the Almighty", "the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome,", "most high Almighty,", "Who bestows beneficent kindness,", "Who possesses everything,", "Who remembers the piety of the Patriarchs,", "and Who brings a redeemer", "to their children's children,", "for the sake of His Name, with love.", "King, Helper, and Deliverer and Shield.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Shield of Abraham.", "DIVINE MIGHT", "You are mighty forever, my Master;", "You are the Resurrector of the dead", "the powerful One to deliver us.", "From the Musaf of the first day of Pesach until the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres you should say:", "He causes the dew to descend.", "From the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres until the Musaf of the first day of Pesach you should say:", "Causer of the wind to blow", "and of the rain to fall.", "If you neglected to say this, see page 000.", "Resurrector of the dead with great mercy,", "Supporter of the fallen,", "and Healer of the sick,", "and Releaser of the imprisoned,", "and Fulfiller of His faithfulness", "to those who sleep in the dust.", "Who is like You, Master of mighty deeds,", "and who can be compared to You?", "King Who causes death and restores life,", "and causes deliverance to sprout forth.", "And You are faithful", "to restore the dead to life.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Resurrector of the dead.", "When praying silently, continue “You are holy” on page 000. When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei during Shacharis, the Kedushah is said here. For Mincha turn to page 000.", "Kedushah", "The Congregation says and the Chazzan repeats:", "A crown is given to You", "Adonoy, our God", "by the angels on high", "and by Your people who assemble below:", "all of them together", "thrice repeat “holy” unto You", "as is said by way of Your prophet,", "“And they called one to another, and said:", "Congregation and Chazzan:", "‘Holy, holy, holy,", "is Adonoy of hosts,", "the fullness of all the earth is His glory.'”", "Facing them, they offer praise and say:", "Congregation and Chazzan:", "“Blessed is the glory of Adonoy", "from His place.”", "And among Your holy words it is written:", "Congregation and Chazzan:", "“Adonoy will reign forever,", "your God, Zion, throughout all generations!", "Praise God.”", "The Chazzan concludes:", "From generation to generation", "we will declare Your greatness,", "and to all eternity,", "we will sanctify Your holiness,", "and Your praise, our God,", "will not depart from our mouths", "forever and ever;", "because You are the Almighty", "Who is King; Great, and Holy.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "the Almighty, the Holy One.", "During the silent Shemoneh Esrei, continue here:", "DIVINE SANCTIFICATION", "You are holy and Your Name is holy", "and holy beings", "praise You every day, forever.", "because You are the Almighty", "Who is King; Great, and Holy.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "the Almighty, the Holy One.", "You gave Rosh Chodesh days to Your People,", "[as] a time of atonement1Rosh Chodesh is designated as “a time of atonement,” a reminder of its solemn aspect which should be deeply stressed. In Judaism all beginnings are holy, and the beginning of the month calls forth serious reflections regarding sins committed during the previous month. This concept was crystallized by Rabbi Moshe Cordovero of Safed, who inaugurated the practice of fasting on the day before Rosh Chodesh (except at the end of Nisan, Elul, Tishrei and Kislev) as Yom Kippur Koton, a minor day of atonement.", "for all their generations;", "When they brought before You", "free-will offerings,2These are burnt-offerings, “olos, burnt-offerings, which are a free-will expression of our resolve to strive upward toward a rejuvenated future.—S.R. Hirsch", "and he-goats for sin-offerings3These symbolize atonement for a past, clouded by sin.—S.R. Hirsch", "to atone for them.", "These were a memorial for all of them,4The communal-offerings were purchased from a fund comprised of individual donations of a half shekel each, which each male adult member of the House of Israel had to make annually. Therefore these offerings served as a memorial that represented all the contributors.—S.R. Hirsch", "and the deliverance of their soul", "from the hand of the enemy.5This refers to man's eternal enemy, the Evil Inclination (yetzer hara) which drives man to undermine the purity of his soul through lust and passion.—S.R. Hirsch", "Establish a new altar in Zion,", "and the burnt-offering of Rosh Chodesh", "we will offer on it", "and the he-goats we will prepare willingly", "With the service of the Temple,", "we will all rejoice,", "and [also] with the songs of David, Your servant", "that were heard in Your city,", "that were chanted before Your altar.", "Bestow upon them everlasting love,", "and the covenant of the fathers", "remember to their children.", "Bring us with song to Zion, Your city,", "and to Jerusalem,", "the House of Your Sanctuary,6In the time to come, the Sanctuary will be so enlarged that it will take up the entire area of Jerusalem.—Siach Yitzchak", "with everlasting joy.", "There we will prepare before You", "our obligatory offerings,", "the daily burnt-offering in their sequence,", "and the musaf-offerings according to their law.", "And the musaf-offering", "of this Rosh Chodesh day", "we will prepare and bring before You", "with love", "according to the command of Your will,", "as You wrote for us in Your Torah", "through the hands of Moses, Your servant,", "from the mouth of Your glory,", "as it is said:", "“And on your Rosh Chodesh days", "You shall bring a burnt-offering to Adonoy;", "two young bullocks", "and one ram,", "seven male yearling lambs", "without blemish.”7Numbers 28: 11.", "And their meal-offerings and libations", "as prescribed:", "three-tenths (of an epha of fine flour)", "for each bullock,", "two-tenths for the ram,", "and one-tenth for each lamb,", "and wine according to each libation;8Half a hin for each bullock, a third of a hin for the ram, and a fourth of a hin for each lamb.", "and a he-goat for atonement,", "and the two daily burnt-offerings", "according to their law.", "Our G-d and G-d of our fathers", "renew for us this month", "for goodness and for blessing,", "for delight and for rejoicing,", "for deliverance and for consolation,", "for maintenance and for sustenance,", "for life and for peace,", "for the forgiving of sin9Committed unknowingly.", "and for the pardoning of iniquity10Committed knowingly.", "(In a leap year add:", "and for atonement of transgression)11Committed maliciously.", "For You have chosen Your People, Israel,", "from all the peoples,", "and statutes of Rosh Chodesh", "have You instituted for them.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Sanctifier of Israel", "and the Rosh Chodesh days.", "PRAYER FOR RETURN OF DIVINE SERVICE", "Be pleased, Adonoy, our God,", "with Your people Israel and their prayer,", "and restore the service", "to the Holy of Holies in Your abode,", "and the fire-offerings of Israel;", "and accept their prayer, lovingly and willingly.", "And may You always find pleasure", "with the service of Your people, Israel.", "And may our eyes behold", "Your merciful return to Zion.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion.", "At the words, We are thankful, bend forward; at Adonoy return to an upright position.", "We are thankful to You", "that You Adonoy are our God", "and the God of our fathers forever;", "our Rock, Rock of our lives,", "the Shield of our deliverance,", "You are in every generation.", "We will give thanks to You", "and recount Your praise,", "for our lives", "which are committed into Your hand.", "And for our souls which are entrusted to You,", "and for Your miracles of every day with us", "and for Your wonders and benefactions", "at all times—", "evening, morning and noon.", "(You are) The Beneficent One—", "for Your compassion is never withheld;", "And (You are) the Merciful One—", "for Your kindliness never ceases;", "we have always placed our hope in You.", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei and says, “Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion”, the congregation responds by saying “Amein” and then the following prayer.)", "We are thankful to You,", "that You Adonoy are our God", "and God of our fathers,", "God of all flesh,", "Our Creator, Creator of the Beginning.", "Blessings and thanksgivings", "to Your great and holy Name", "for keeping us alive, and sustaining us;", "so may You always keep us alive", "and sustain us,", "and gather our exiles", "to the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary", "to observe Your statutes", "and to do Your will,", "and to serve You wholeheartedly", "for we are thankful to You.", "Blessed is the Almighty", "to Whom all thanks are due.", "And for all the foregoing", "blessed, exalted and extolled", "your Name, our King", "constantly, forever and ever.", "And all the living shall thank You forever", "and praise and bless", "Your great Name with sincerity forever;", "for You are goodness—", "the Almighty, Who is our deliverance", "and our help forever—", "the benevolent Almighty.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "“The Beneficent” is Your Name", "and You it is fitting to praise.", "When Kohanim are present, the Birkas Kohanim is recited here, If no Kohanim are present, the Chazan recites the following.", "Our God, and God of our fathers, bless us", "with the threefold blessing of the Torah,", "written by the hand of Moses, Your servant,", "pronounced from the mouth of Aaron", "and his sons, the kohanim, Your holy people;", "as it is said:", "Adonoy bless you and guard you.", "Adonoy shine His countenance upon you", "and be gracious unto you.", "Adonoy turn His countenance toward you", "and grant you peace.", "PRAYER FOR PEACE", "Grant peace, goodness, and blessing,", "life favor, kindness and compassion", "upon us and upon all Israel, Your people.", "Bless us, our Father, all of us as one", "with the light of Your countenance.", "For by the light of Your countenance", "You gave us Adonoy our God,", "a Torah of life and the love of kindliness,", "righteousness, blessing, compassion,", "life, and peace.", "And may it be good in Your sight", "to bless us", "and to bless Your people Israel,", "at all times and at every moment", "with Your peace", "(with much strength and peace).", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who blesses His people Israel", "with peace.", "May they be acceptable", "the words of my mouth", "and the thoughts of my heart, before You", "Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "My God, guard my tongue from evil", "and my lips from speaking deceitfully.", "To those who curse me,", "may my soul be unresponsive;", "and let my soul be like dust to all.", "Open my heart to Your Torah", "and let my soul pursue Your commandments.", "And all who plan evil against me,", "quickly annul their counsel", "and frustrate their intention.", "(May it it be Your will", "Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers,", "that no person be envious of me", "and that I not be envious of others,", "that I not be brought to anger this day,", "and that I not cause Your anger;", "and save me from the evil inclination,", "and help me be humble and any modest.", "Our King and our Father,", "unify Your Name in Your world,", "rebuild Your city, establish Your house", "and perfect your sanctuary.", "Gather our exiles,", "redeem Your people, rejoice Your congregation).", "Act for the sake of Your Name.", "Act for the sake of Your right hand.", "Act for the sake of Your Torah.", "Act for the sake of Your holiness.", "In order that Your loved ones be released,", "deliver [with] Your right hand and answer me.", "Biblical phrases applicable to one's name may be found on pp. 000-000.", "May they be acceptable—", "the words of my mouth", "and the thoughts of my heart—before You", "Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "He Who makes peace", "in His high heavens", "may He make peace", "upon us and upon all Israel", "and say Amein.", "May it be Your will,", "Adonoy, our God, and the God of our Fathers", "that the Holy Temple be rebuilt", "speedily in our days,", "and grant us our share in Your Torah.", "And there we will serve You reverently", "as in the days of old,", "and in earlier years.", "And let Adonoy be pleased", "with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem", "as in the days of old and in earlier years." ], "Musaf for Chol Hamo'ed": [ "“When I proclaim Adonoy's Name", "attribute greatness to our God.”", "My Master open my lips", "and my mouth will declare Your praise.", "THE VIRTUE OF OUR FOREFATHERS", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, and God of our fathers,", "God of Abraham, God of Isaac,", "and God of Jacob,", "the Almighty", "the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome,", "most high Almighty,", "Who bestows beneficent kindness,", "Who possesses everything,", "Who remembers the piety of the Patriarchs,", "and Who brings a redeemer", "to their children's children,", "for the sake of His Name, with love.", "King, Helper, and Deliverer and Shield.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Shield of Abraham.", "DIVINE MIGHT", "You are mighty forever, my Master;", "You are the Resurrector of the dead", "the powerful One to deliver us.", "He causes the dew to descend.", "Sustainer of the living with kindliness,", "Resurrector of the dead with great mercy,", "Supporter of the fallen,", "and Healer of the sick,", "and Releaser of the imprisoned,", "and Fulfiller of His faithfulness", "to those who sleep in the dust.", "Who is like You, Master of mighty deeds,", "and who can be compared to You?", "King Who causes death and restores life,", "and causes deliverance to sprout forth.", "And You are faithful", "to restore the dead to life.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Resurrector of the dead.", "When praying silently, continue “You are holy” on page 000. When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei during Shacharis, the Kedushah is said here. For Mincha turn to page 000.", "Kedushah", "The Congregation says and the Chazzan repeats:", "A crown is given to You", "Adonoy, our God", "by the angels on high", "and by Your people who assemble below:", "all of them together", "thrice repeat “holy” unto You", "as is said by way of Your prophet,", "“And they called one to another, and said:", "Congregation and Chazzan:", "‘Holy, holy, holy,", "is Adonoy of hosts,", "the fullness of all the earth is His glory.'”", "Facing them, they offer praise and say:", "Congregation and Chazzan:", "“Blessed is the glory of Adonoy", "from His place.”", "And among Your holy words it is written:", "Congregation and Chazzan:", "“Adonoy will reign forever,", "your God, Zion, throughout all generations!", "Praise God.”", "The Chazzan concludes:", "From generation to generation", "we will declare Your greatness,", "and to all eternity,", "we will sanctify Your holiness,", "and Your praise, our God,", "will not depart from our mouths", "forever and ever;", "because You are the Almighty", "Who is King; Great, and Holy.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "the Almighty, the Holy One.", "During the silent Shemoneh Esrei, continue here:", "DIVINE SANCTIFICATION", "You are holy and Your Name is holy", "and holy beings", "praise You every day, forever.", "because You are the Almighty", "Who is King; Great, and Holy.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "the Almighty, the Holy One.", "You chose us from [among] all the peoples;1For you are a holy people unto Adonoy, your God; Adonoy your God has chosen you to be a treasured people unto Him above all the peoples that are upon the face of the earth.—Deuteronomy 7:6", "You loved us and took pleasure in us;", "You exalted us above all tongues,2To make you high above all nations which He made — that you be a holy people unto Adonoy, your God, as He has spoken.—Deuteronomy 26:18-19", "and You sanctified us", "with Your commandments;", "You drew us near, our King, to Your servitude,", "and Your great and holy Name", "You have pronounced upon us.3And all the peoples of the earth will see that the Name of Adonoy is proclaimed upon you and they will fear you.—Deuteronomy 28:10", "And [You] gave us Adonoy, our God,", "in love", "appointed festivals for rejoicing,", "festivals and seasons for happiness,", "this day of", "On Pesach:", "the Festival of Matzos,", "the season of our freedom,", "On Sukkos:", "the Festival of Sukkos,", "the season of our rejoicing.", "a day of holy assembly", "commemorating the exodus from Egypt.", "But because of our sins,", "we were exiled from our land,", "and driven far away from our soil;", "and we are unable to go up,", "[in order] to appear", "and to prostrate ourselves before You,", "and to perform our obligatory offerings", "in Your chosen House,", "in the great and holy House", "upon which Your Name is proclaimed,", "because of the hand [of violence]", "that was sent against Your Sanctuary.4The enemy spread out his hand over all her treasures; she [Jerusalem] saw nations invade her sanctuary.—Lamentations 1:10", "May it be Your will", "Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers,", "merciful King,", "to once again have compassion on us,", "and on Your Sanctuary", "in Your abundant mercy;", "and rebuild it soon", "and greatly enhance its glory.", "Our Father, our King!", "Reveal the glory of Your kingship", "upon us soon,", "appear and be uplifted over us", "before the eyes of all living things.", "Bring near our scattered [people]", "from among the nations,", "and gather our dispersed", "from the ends of the earth.", "Bring us to Zion, Your city, with joyous song,", "to Jerusalem, house of Your Sanctuary,", "with everlasting joy.", "And there we will offer before You", "our obligatory sacrifices,", "the daily [burnt]-offerings in their order,", "and the Musaf-offerings", "according to their rule.", "And the Musaf-offering of:", "On Pesach", "this Festival of Matzos", "On Sukkos", "this Festival of Sukkos", "we will prepare and bring before You", "with love", "according to the command of Your will;", "as You wrote for us in Your Torah,", "through the hands of Moses, Your servant,", "from the mouth of Your glory,", "as it is said:", "On Chol Hamoed Pesach", "“And you shall bring a fire-offering,", "a burnt-offering to Adonoy:", "two young bullocks", "and one ram,", "and seven male yearling lambs", "without blemish they shall be for you.", "And their meal-offerings and libations", "as stated:", "three-tenths [of an ephah of fine flour]", "for each bullock,", "two-tenths for the ram,", "and one-tenth for each lamb,", "and wine according to each libation;", "and a he-goat for atonement,", "and the two daily burnt offerings", "according to their law.", "Continue אֱלֹהֵינוּ וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵינוּ Our God and God of our fathers.", "On the first day of Chol HaMoed Sukkos:", "And on the second day [you will offer]", "twelve young bullocks", "two rams", "fourteen male yearling lambs", "without blemish.", "And their meal offerings and libations", "as perscribed:", "three tenths [of an ephah of the fine flour]", "for each bullock,", "two tenths for each ram,", "and one tenth for each lamb,", "and wine according to each libation,", "and a he-goat for atonement,", "and the two daily burnt offerings", "according to their law.", "And on the third day [you will offer]", "eleven bullocks", "two rams", "fourteen male yearling lambs", "without blemish.", "And their meal offerings and libations", "as prescribed:", "three tenths [of an ephah of fine flour]", "for each bullock,", "two tenths for each ram,", "and one tenth for each lamb,", "and wine according to each libation,", "and a he-goat for atonement,", "and the two daily burnt offerings", "according to their law.", "Continue אֱלֹהֵינוּ וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵינוּ Our God and God of our fathers.", "On the second day of Chol HaMoed Sukkos:", "And on the third day [you will offer]", "eleven bullocks", "two rams", "fourteen male yearling lambs", "without blemish.", "And their meal offerings and libations", "as prescribed:", "three tenths [of an ephah of fine flour]", "for each bullock,", "two tenths for each ram,", "and one tenth for each lamb,", "and wine according to each libation,", "and a he-goat for atonement,", "and the two daily burnt offerings", "according to their law.", "And on the fourth day [you will offer]", "ten bullocks", "two rams", "fourteen male yearling lambs", "without blemish", "And their meal offerings and libations", "as prescribed:", "three tenths [of an ephah of fine flour]", "for each bullock,", "two tenths for each ram,", "and one tenth for each lamb,", "and wine according to each libation,", "and a he-goat for atonement,", "and the two daily burnt offerings", "according to their law.", "Continue אֱלֹהֵינוּ וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵינוּ Our God and God of our fathers.", "On the third day of Chol HaMoed Sukkos:", "And on the fourth day [you will offer]", "ten bullocks", "two rams", "fourteen male yearling lambs", "without blemish", "And their meal offerings and libations", "as prescribed:", "three tenths [of an ephah of fine flour]", "for each bullock,", "two tenths for each ram,", "and one tenth for each lamb,", "and wine according to each libation,", "and a he-goat for atonement,", "and the two daily burnt offerings", "according to their law.", "And on the fifth day [You will offer]", "nine bullocks", "two rams", "fourteen male yearling lambs", "without blemish.", "And their meal offerings and libations", "as prescribed:", "three tenths [of an ephah of fine flour]", "for each bullock,", "two tenths for each ram,", "and one tenth for each lamb,", "and wine according to each libation,", "and a he-goat for atonement,", "and the two daily burnt offerings", "according to their law.", "Continue אֱלֹהֵינוּ וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵינוּ Our God and God of our fathers.", "On the fourth day of Chol HaMoed Sukkos:", "And on the fifth day [you will offer]", "nine bullocks", "two rams", "fourteen male yearling lambs", "without blemish", "And their meal offerings and libations", "as prescribed:", "three tenths [of an ephah of fine flour]", "for each bullock,", "two tenths for each ram,", "and one tenth for each lamb,", "and wine according to each libation,", "and a he-goat for atonement,", "and the two daily burnt offerings", "according to their law.", "And on the sixth day [you will offer]", "eight bullocks", "two rams", "fourteen male yearling lambs", "without blemish", "And their meal offerings and libations", "as prescribed:", "three tenths [of an ephah of fine flour]", "for each bullock,", "two tenths for each ram,", "and one tenth for each lamb,", "and wine according to each libation,", "and a he-goat for atonement,", "and the two daily burnt offerings", "according to their law.", "Continue אֱלֹהֵינוּ וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵינוּ Our God and God of our fathers.", "On Hoshanah Rabbah:", "And on the sixth day [you will offer]", "eight bullocks", "two rams", "fourteen male yearling lambs", "without blemish", "And their meal offerings and libations", "as prescribed:", "three tenths [of an ephah of fine flour]", "for each bullock,", "two tenths for each ram,", "and one tenth for each lamb,", "and wine according to each libation,", "and a he-goat for atonement,", "and the two daily burnt offerings", "according to their law.", "And on the seventh day [you will offer]", "seven bullocks", "two rams", "fourteen male yearling lambs", "without blemish", "And their meal offerings and libations", "as prescribed:", "three tenths [of an ephah of fine flour]", "for each bullock,", "two tenths for each ram,", "and one tenth for each lamb,", "and wine according to each libation,", "and a he-goat for atonement,", "and the two daily burnt offerings", "according to their law.", "Continue אֱלֹהֵינוּ וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵינוּ Our God and God of our fathers.", "Our God and God of our fathers,", "merciful King, have compassion on us;", "Good and Beneficent One,", "make Yourself accessible to us;", "return onto us5Although the word אלינו “to us” is currently used in most other editions, we have chosen עלינו “onto us” based on early manuscripts of the siddur. in Your abundant mercy,", "for the sake of the Patriarchs", "who did Your will.", "Rebuild Your House as it was originally,", "and establish Your Sanctuary on its site;", "let us see its rebuilding", "and make us rejoice in its reinstation.", "Restore the Kohanim (Priests) to their service,", "and the Levites to their song and music,", "and restore Israel to their dwelling places.", "And there we will go up and appear,", "and prostrate ourselves before You", "at the three seasons of our pilgrimage,", "as it is written in Your Torah:6Deuteronomy 16:16-17.", "Three times a year", "shall all your males appear", "before the countenance of Adonoy, your God,", "in the place He will choose—", "on the Festival of Matzos,", "on the Festival of Shavuos,", "and on the Festival of Sukkos;", "and they shall not appear", "before the countenance of Adonoy", "empty handed.", "[But] every man [shall bring offerings]", "according to the gift of his hand", "according to the blessing of Adonoy your God", "which He gave you.", "And load us7The translation of וְהַשִׂאֵנוּ is based on Avudraham who quotes the verse, אֵלֶה מַשָׂא בְּנֵי קְהָת, “This is the load of the sons of Kehos.” (Numbers 4:15) Avudraham offers an alternative translation based on the verse, וַיִּשָּׂא מַשְׂאת , “And he sent portions (gifts),” (Genesis 43:34), which would render the prayer, “Send us as a gift the blessing of Your appointed seasons.” up", "Adonoy, our God,", "with the blessing of Your appointed seasons", "for life and peace,", "for joy and for happiness,", "as You desired;", "and You promised to bless us.8For Adonoy, your God, will bless you in all your crops and in all the work of your hands.— Deuteronomy 16:15", "Sanctify us with Your commandments,", "and give us a share in Your Torah,", "satisfy us from Your goodness,", "and gladden us with Your deliverance,", "and purify our hearts to serve You in truth,12Even though the choice of being righteous and God-fearing was given to man, nevertheless, we ask God to help us achieve these goals we seek to attain. Our Sages have said, “ הַבָּא לְטַהֵר מְסַייעִין אוֹתוֹ . He who reaches to the decision to purify himself, is afforded Divine assistance” which enables him to achieve purity in serving God. ( Yoma 38b)— Avudraham ", "and give us as a heritage, Adonoy, our God,", "in joy and in happiness", "Your appointed festivals of holiness", "and may Israel rejoice in You—", "[they who are] sanctifiers of Your Name.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Sanctifier of", "Israel and the seasons.14God sanctified the Jewish people, who in turn were charged with responsibility to set the time of the Festivals and thus they sanctified the Festivals.—Etz Yosef", "PRAYER FOR RETURN OF DIVINE SERVICE", "Be pleased, Adonoy, our God,", "with Your people Israel and their prayer,", "and restore the service", "to the Holy of Holies in Your abode,", "and the fire-offerings of Israel;", "and accept their prayer, lovingly and willingly.", "And may You always find pleasure", "with the service of Your people, Israel.", "And may our eyes behold", "Your merciful return to Zion.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion.", "At the words, We are thankful, bend forward; at Adonoy return to an upright position.", "We are thankful to You", "that You Adonoy are our God", "and the God of our fathers forever;", "our Rock, Rock of our lives,", "the Shield of our deliverance,", "You are in every generation.", "We will give thanks to You", "and recount Your praise,", "for our lives", "which are committed into Your hand.", "And for our souls which are entrusted to You,", "and for Your miracles of every day with us", "and for Your wonders and benefactions", "at all times—", "evening, morning and noon.", "(You are) The Beneficent One—", "for Your compassion is never withheld;", "And (You are) the Merciful One—", "for Your kindliness never ceases;", "we have always placed our hope in You.", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei and says, “Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion”, the congregation responds by saying “Amein” and then the following prayer.)", "We are thankful to You,", "that You Adonoy are our God", "and God of our fathers,", "God of all flesh,", "Our Creator, Creator of the Beginning.", "Blessings and thanksgivings", "to Your great and holy Name", "for keeping us alive, and sustaining us;", "so may You always keep us alive", "and sustain us,", "and gather our exiles", "to the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary", "to observe Your statutes", "and to do Your will,", "and to serve You wholeheartedly", "for we are thankful to You.", "Blessed is the Almighty", "to Whom all thanks are due.", "And for all the foregoing", "blessed, exalted and extolled", "your Name, our King", "constantly, forever and ever.", "And all the living shall thank You forever", "and praise and bless", "Your great Name with sincerity forever;", "for You are goodness—", "the Almighty, Who is our deliverance", "and our help forever—", "the benevolent Almighty.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "“The Beneficent” is Your Name", "and You it is fitting to praise.", "When Kohanim are present, the Birkas Kohanim is recited here, If no Kohanim are present, the Chazan recites the following.", "Our God, and God of our fathers, bless us", "with the threefold blessing of the Torah,", "written by the hand of Moses, Your servant,", "pronounced from the mouth of Aaron", "and his sons, the kohanim, Your holy people;", "as it is said:", "Adonoy bless you and guard you.", "Adonoy shine His countenance upon you", "and be gracious unto you.", "Adonoy turn His countenance toward you", "and grant you peace.", "PRAYER FOR PEACE", "Grant peace, goodness, and blessing,", "life favor, kindness and compassion", "upon us and upon all Israel, Your people.", "Bless us, our Father, all of us as one", "with the light of Your countenance.", "For by the light of Your countenance", "You gave us Adonoy our God,", "a Torah of life and the love of kindliness,", "righteousness, blessing, compassion,", "life, and peace.", "And may it be good in Your sight", "to bless us", "and to bless Your people Israel,", "at all times and at every moment", "with Your peace", "(with much strength and peace).", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who blesses His people Israel", "with peace.", "May they be acceptable", "the words of my mouth", "and the thoughts of my heart, before You", "Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "My God, guard my tongue from evil", "and my lips from speaking deceitfully.", "To those who curse me,", "may my soul be unresponsive;", "and let my soul be like dust to all.", "Open my heart to Your Torah", "and let my soul pursue Your commandments.", "And all who plan evil against me,", "quickly annul their counsel", "and frustrate their intention.", "(May it it be Your will", "Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers,", "that no person be envious of me", "and that I not be envious of others,", "that I not be brought to anger this day,", "and that I not cause Your anger;", "and save me from the evil inclination,", "and help me be humble and any modest.", "Our King and our Father,", "unify Your Name in Your world,", "rebuild Your city, establish Your house", "and perfect your sanctuary.", "Gather our exiles,", "redeem Your people, rejoice Your congregation).", "Act for the sake of Your Name.", "Act for the sake of Your right hand.", "Act for the sake of Your Torah.", "Act for the sake of Your holiness.", "In order that Your loved ones be released,", "deliver [with] Your right hand and answer me.", "Biblical phrases applicable to one's name may be found on pp. 000-000.", "May they be acceptable—", "the words of my mouth", "and the thoughts of my heart—before You", "Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "He Who makes peace", "in His high heavens", "may He make peace", "upon us and upon all Israel", "and say Amein.", "May it be Your will,", "Adonoy, our God, and the God of our Fathers", "that the Holy Temple be rebuilt", "speedily in our days,", "and grant us our share in Your Torah.", "And there we will serve You reverently", "as in the days of old,", "and in earlier years.", "And let Adonoy be pleased", "with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem", "as in the days of old and in earlier years." ], "Hoshanos": [], "Chanukah Service": [ "The festival of Chanukah begins on the 25th day of Kislev and lasts eight days. The Chanukah lights should be kindled as soon as possible after nightfall. On Friday the Chanukah lights are kindled before the Sabbath candles are lit. On the first night of Chanukah, one light is kindled—at the right of the menorah. Each night thereafter one light is added—to the immediate left of the one kindled the preceding night. The newly-added light is always kindled first, and the kindling then proceeds toward the right.", "Before kindling the lights, the following blessings are recited.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the universe,", "Who sanctified us with His commandments", "and commanded us", "to kindle the light of Chanukah.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the universe,", "Who performed miracles for our fathers", "in those days at this time.", "The following blessing is said only on the first evening: ", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the universe,", "Who has kept us alive and sustained us", "and brought us to this time.", "After kindling the lights, the following is said: ", "We kindle these lights", "because of the miracles and the wonders,", "the deliverances and the battles", "which You performed for our fathers", "in those days at this time", "through Your holy priests.", "All eight days of Chanukah", "these lights are sacred,", "And we are not permitted to make use of them,", "but only to look at them,", "in order to offer thanks and praise", "to Your great Name", "for Your miracles, for Your deliverance,", "and for Your wonders.", "Stronghold, Rock of my deliverance,", "it is fitting to offer praise to You.", "You will establish the House of my prayer1The Holy Temple.", "and there we will offer thanksgiving offerings.", "When You prepare total destruction", "against the raging foe,", "I will then complete, with song and psalm,", "the dedication of the Altar.", "My soul was sated with troubles,", "my strength consumed with sorrow;", "they made my life bitter with hardship,", "enslaved by the kingdom of the heifer [Egypt].2In Jeremiah 46:20, Egypt is likened to a young, beautiful heifer.", "With His great hand,", "He brought forth the treasured [people],", "[while] Pharaoh’s army and all his seed,", "sank like a stone into the deep.", "He brought me to His Holy of Holies", "but even there, I found no rest;", "the oppressor came and exiled me,3The king of Babylon exiled us to Babylon.", "because I had served alien gods", "and I prepared poisoned wine.4The Jews were dazed and intoxicated with the wine of the pagans, which was poison for them.", "I had hardly gone away", "[when] the Babylonian exile ended", "[It came through] Zerubabel;5Zerubabel was at the head of the returned exiles. Encouraged by the prophets Haggai and Zechariah, he completed the rebuilding of the second Temple.", "after seventy years, I was delivered.", "To cut down the lofty cypress6Mordechai.", "was the intention of the Aggagite,", "son of Hamedasa;7This is a reference to Hainan's plan to destroy Mordechai by hanging.", "it became [however] his own trap and snare,8Haman was ultimately hanged on the gallows he had prepared for Mordechai.", "and his arrogance was put to rest.", "You raised the head of the Binjaminite9Mordechai was of the tribe of Benjamin.", "and You blotted out the name of the foe,", "his numerous sons and wealth;", "You hanged upon the gallows.", "The Greeks gathered against me", "in the days of the Hasmoneans;", "and broke down the walls of my towers,", "and defiled all the [sacred] oils.", "And from the last of the remaining flasks,", "a miracle was performed for the Shoshanim10The term שושנים, roses, is used in Scripture in reference to the Jewish People.", "Men of insight [then] designated eight days", "for song and joyful psalms.", "Uncover Your holy arm", "and bring near the day of deliverance;", "Avenge the blood of Your servants", "from the wicked people.", "For long have we waited for the deliverance,", "and there is no end to the evil days.", "Cast the “red one”11Esau. into the dark shadows12We ask God to destroy Esau, the arch-enemy of the Jewish People. Esau is referred to as “the red one” in Genesis 25:25.", "and raise for us the seven shepherds.13See Michah 5:4." ], "Purim Service": [ "Everyone is obligated to hear the reading of the Megillah on the night of Purim and again on the day of Purim itself. The following three blessings are recited by the Reader.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the universe", "Who sanctified us with His commandments", "and commanded us", "concerning the reading of the Megillah.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the universe,", "Who performed miracles for our fathers", "in those days at this time.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the universe,", "Who has kept us alive and sustained us", "and brought us to this time.", "After the reading of the Megillah, if there is a minyan of ten adult males present, the following is recited.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "our God, King of the universe,", "Who defends our cause,", "judges our grievances,", "takes vengeance for us,", "brings retribution", "upon all our mortal enemies", "and exacts payment [punishment]", "from our oppressors.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy,", "Who exacts payment [punishment]", "in behalf of His people, Israel", "from all their oppressors,", "the Almighty, the Deliverer.", "", "The rose of Jacob cheered and rejoiced1The opening sentence refers to the city of Shushan and paraphrases the verse, “And the city of Shushan cheered and rejoiced” Esther 8:15.", "when they [all] saw", "Mordechai dressed in royal blue.", "You have always been their deliverance,", "their hope in every generation,", "to make known", "that all who hope in You", "will never be shamed,", "and never will be disgraced", "those who trust in You.", "Cursed be Haman who sought to destroy me,", "blessed be Mordechai the Yehudi [the Jew].", "Cursed be Zeresh,", "wife of he [Haman] who terrified me;", "blessed be Esther", "[who interceded] on my behalf.", "Cursed be all the wicked,", "blessed be all the righteous;", "and also, may Charvona2Charvona, one of King Ahasuerus's chamberlains, was instrumental in the hanging of Haman. He told the king about the gallows Haman had made for Mordechai. See Esther 7:9.", "be remembered favorably." ], "Selichos": { "Monday (1)": [], "Thursday": [], "Monday (2)": [], "Tenth of Teves": [], "Fast of Esther": [], "Seventeenth of Tamuz": [] } }, "schema": { "heTitle": "סידור ספרד לימות החול", "enTitle": "Weekday Siddur Sefard Linear", "key": "Weekday Siddur Sefard Linear", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "תפלת שחרית", "enTitle": "The Morning Prayers", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "סדר השכמת הבוקר", "enTitle": "Upon Arising in the Morning" }, { "heTitle": "סדר עטיפת טלית", "enTitle": "Putting On the Tallis" }, { "heTitle": "סדר הנחת תפלין", "enTitle": "Putting on the Tefillin" }, { "heTitle": "מה טובו", "enTitle": "Ma Tovu" }, { "heTitle": "אדון עולם", "enTitle": "Adon Olam" }, { "heTitle": "יגדל", "enTitle": "Yigdal" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות השכמה", "enTitle": "Blessings Upon Arising" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות התורה", "enTitle": "Blessings of the Torah" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות השחר", "enTitle": "Morning Blessings" }, { "heTitle": "עקידה", "enTitle": "Akeidah (The Binding of Isaac)" }, { "heTitle": "בקשות", "enTitle": "Morning Supplications" }, { "heTitle": "קרבנות", "enTitle": "Korbanos (Sacrificial Offerings)" }, { "heTitle": "קרבן תמיד", "enTitle": "Korban Tamid (Daily Offering)" }, { "heTitle": "קטורת", "enTitle": "Ketores (Incense Offering)" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש דרבנן", "enTitle": "Kaddish d'Rabanan" }, { "heTitle": "הודו", "enTitle": "Hodu" }, { "heTitle": "מזמור שיר", "enTitle": "Mizmor Shir" }, { "heTitle": "ברוך שאמר", "enTitle": "Baruch She'amar" }, { "heTitle": "מזמור לתודה", "enTitle": "Mizmor Lesodah" }, { "heTitle": "יהי כבוד", "enTitle": "Yehi Chevod" }, { "heTitle": "אשרי", "enTitle": "Ashrei" }, { "heTitle": "שירת הים", "enTitle": "Shiras Hayam" }, { "heTitle": "ישתבח", "enTitle": "Yishtabach" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות קריאת שמע", "enTitle": "The Blessings of Shema" }, { "heTitle": "קריאת שמע", "enTitle": "Recitation of Shema" }, { "heTitle": "שמונה עשרה", "enTitle": "Shemoneh Esrei" }, { "heTitle": "תחנון", "enTitle": "Tachanun" }, { "heTitle": "אבינו מלכנו", "enTitle": "Avinu Malkeinu" }, { "heTitle": "והוא רחום", "enTitle": "Vehu Rachum" }, { "heTitle": "קריאת התורה", "enTitle": "Reading of the Torah" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת הגומל", "enTitle": "Birchas Hagomeil" }, { "heTitle": "ברכה לאבי הבר מצוה", "enTitle": "Berachah for Father of Bar Mitzvah" }, { "heTitle": "אשרי ובא לציון", "enTitle": "Ashrei U'va L'Tzion" }, { "heTitle": "שיר של יום", "enTitle": "Psalm of the Day" }, { "heTitle": "ברכי נפשי", "enTitle": "My Soul Bless" }, { "heTitle": "לדוד ה' אורי", "enTitle": "Psalm from Rosh Chodesh Elul" }, { "heTitle": "מזמור לבית האבל", "enTitle": "Psalm in the House of a Mourner" }, { "heTitle": "עלינו", "enTitle": "Aleinu" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש יתום", "enTitle": "Mourner's Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "שש זכירות", "enTitle": "Six Verses of Remembrance" }, { "heTitle": "שלש עשרה עיקרים", "enTitle": "Thirteen Principles of Faith" }, { "heTitle": "שיר הכבוד", "enTitle": "The Chapter of Reverence for God" }, { "heTitle": "פרק התשובה", "enTitle": "The Chapter of Repentance" }, { "heTitle": "תפלת המן", "enTitle": "The Chapter of Mannah" } ] }, { "heTitle": "ברכת המזון", "enTitle": "Birkas Hamazon" }, { "heTitle": "ברכה מעין שלש", "enTitle": "Concluding Blessings" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות המצוות", "enTitle": "Berachos Said Before Performing Mitzvos" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות הנהנין", "enTitle": "Berachos Said Before Eating or Drinking" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות הראיה", "enTitle": "Berachos Said Upon Witnessing Phenomenal Sights" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות שונות", "enTitle": "Various Other Berachos" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות אירוסין ונשואין", "enTitle": "Marriage Service" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת המזון לשבע ברכות", "enTitle": "Birchas Hamazon for Sheva Berachos" }, { "heTitle": "סדר ברית מילה", "enTitle": "Service at a Circumcision" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת המזון לברית מילה", "enTitle": "Birkas Hamzon for Bris Milah" }, { "heTitle": "סדר פדיון הבן", "enTitle": "Redemption of the Firstborn" }, { "heTitle": "תפלת הדרך", "enTitle": "The Travelers' Prayer" }, { "heTitle": "תפלת מנחה", "enTitle": "Mincha", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אשרי", "enTitle": "Ashrei" }, { "heTitle": "שמונה עשרה", "enTitle": "Shemoneh Esrei" }, { "heTitle": "תחנון", "enTitle": "Tachanun" }, { "heTitle": "עלינו", "enTitle": "Aleinu" } ] }, { "heTitle": "תפלת מעריב", "enTitle": "Maariv", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברכות לפני שמע", "enTitle": "Berachos Preceding Shema" }, { "heTitle": "שמע", "enTitle": "Shema" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות אחרי שמע", "enTitle": "Berachos Following Shema" }, { "heTitle": "שמונה עשרה", "enTitle": "Shemoneh Esrei" }, { "heTitle": "למוצאי שבת", "enTitle": "Motzei Shabbos Prayers" }, { "heTitle": "עלינו", "enTitle": "Aleinu" } ] }, { "heTitle": "ספירת העומר", "enTitle": "Counting the Omer" }, { "heTitle": "קריאת שמע על המטה", "enTitle": "Prayer Before Retiring at Night" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות הלולב", "enTitle": "Berachos on Lulav" }, { "heTitle": "הלל", "enTitle": "Hallel" }, { "heTitle": "מוסף לראש חודש", "enTitle": "Musaf for Rosh Chodesh" }, { "heTitle": "מוסף לחול המועד", "enTitle": "Musaf for Chol Hamo'ed" }, { "heTitle": "הושענות", "enTitle": "Hoshanos" }, { "heTitle": "הדלקת נרות חנוכה", "enTitle": "Chanukah Service" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות המגילה", "enTitle": "Purim Service" }, { "heTitle": "סליחות", "enTitle": "Selichos", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "לשני קמא", "enTitle": "Monday (1)" }, { "heTitle": "לחמישי", "enTitle": "Thursday" }, { "heTitle": "לשני בתרא", "enTitle": "Monday (2)" }, { "heTitle": "לעשרה בטבת", "enTitle": "Tenth of Teves" }, { "heTitle": "לתענית אסתר", "enTitle": "Fast of Esther" }, { "heTitle": "לשבעה עשר בתמוז", "enTitle": "Seventeenth of Tamuz" } ] } ] } }