---
license: cc-by-nc-4.0
task_categories:
- text-generation
language:
- en
tags:
- adversarial robustness
- human red teaming
base_model: meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B-Instruct
---
# Model Card for Llama3-8B-RMU
This card contains the RMU model `Llama3-8B-RMU` used in *LLM Defenses Are Not Robust to Multi-Turn Human Jailbreaks*.
## Paper Abstract
Recent large language model (LLM) defenses have greatly improved models’ ability to refuse harmful
queries, even when adversarially attacked. However, LLM defenses are primarily evaluated against
automated adversarial attacks in a single turn of conversation, an insufficient threat model for real-
world malicious use. We demonstrate that multi-turn human jailbreaks uncover significant vulnerabilities,
exceeding 70% attack success rate (ASR) on HarmBench against defenses that report single-digit ASRs
with automated single-turn attacks. Human jailbreaks also reveal vulnerabilities in machine unlearning
defenses, successfully recovering dual-use biosecurity knowledge from unlearned models. We compile
these results into Multi-Turn Human Jailbreaks (MHJ), a dataset of 2,912 prompts across 537 multi-turn
jailbreaks. We publicly release MHJ alongside a compendium of jailbreak tactics developed across dozens
of commercial red teaming engagements, supporting research towards stronger LLM defenses.
## RMU (Representation Misdirection for Unlearning) Model
For the [WMDP-Bio](https://www.wmdp.ai/) evaluation, we employ the RMU unlearning method. The original
paper applies [RMU](https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.03218) upon the zephyr-7b-beta model, but to standardize defenses and use a more
performant model, we apply RMU upon llama-3-8b-instruct, the same base model as all other defenses
in this paper. We conduct a hyperparameter search upon batches ∈ {200, 400}, c ∈ {5, 20, 50, 200},
α ∈ {200, 500, 2000, 5000}, lr ∈ {2 × 10−5, 5 × 10−5, 2 × 10−4}. We end up selecting batches = 400,
c = 50, α = 5000, lr = 2 × 10−4, and retain the hyperparameters layer_ids = [5, 6, 7] and param_ids
= [6] from [Li et al.]((https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.03218)) We validate our results in Figure 8, demonstrating reduction in WMDP
performance but retention of general capabilities (MMLU)
The following picture shows LLaMA-3-8B-instruct multiple choice benchmark accuracies before and after RMU.
