Question:
Question: A housing corporation owned a tract of land and prepared a development plan to divide the land into 100 lots and create a residential community on the tract of land. The Declaration of Covenants created the community association, an administrative entity that would administer and enforce the regulations and restrictions recited among the covenants. One of the regulations set forth in the Declaration of Covenants reads:"Each purchaser, by the acceptance of a deed therefore, promises to pay the community association an annual assessment or charge to be determined on the basis of the valuation of each individual lot and the improvements thereon. Nonpayment of any annual assessment or charge when due shall result in a lien upon the parcel of the property. "A gardener, the owner of lot 29 in the development, sold his land to a landscaper with a deed containing no restrictions. The community association, pursuant the Declaration of Covenants, sues the landscaper to collect the annual assessment for lot 29. Which of the following is the best argument for the landscaper?
Choices
A. There is not privity of contract between the housing corporation and the community association.
B. Because the charge constitutes a lien, there is no personal obligation on the landscaper's part.
C. There is no privity of contract between the gardener and the landscaper.
D. There is no privity of estate between the gardener and the landscaper.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A creditor loaned his friend $15,000 to help pay for the friend's daughter's college tuition. Six months later, the friend lost his job and was unable to repay the loan to the creditor. After learning of his friend's situation, the creditor sent his friend the following letter on June 1:"I promise to discharge the $15,000 debt which you owe me upon delivery of your autographed baseball bat if you promise to deliver the bat to me by August 1 . "After receiving this letter, the friend telephoned the creditor and accepted the offer. The friend's verbal acceptance of the creditor's offer most likely effectuated
Choices
A. a bilateral executory accord.
B. an accord and satisfaction.
C. a substituted compromise agreement.
D. a novation.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A father died leaving a will by which he devised a 100-acre tract to his daughter. At the time of the father's death, he believed that he owned all of the 100-acre tract. However, the father actually owned 95 acres of the tract. The other five acres were owned by a farmer. After taking possession of the tract, the daughter executed and delivered a warranty deed to a buyer, purporting to convey all 100 acres of the tract. The agreed purchase price was $100,000. According to the terms of the sale, the buyer paid the daughter a down payment of $25,000, with the unpaid portion of the purchase price (i. e. , $75,000) secured by a mortgage. The mortgage instrument described the property interest as covering all 100 acres of the tract. After the daughter buyer transaction was completed, the farmer came forward and informed the parties that she was the true record owner of five acres of the 100-acre tract. Upon the farmer's threat to sue to quiet title, the daughter negotiated a deal whereby she paid the farmer $5,000 for the five-acre tract. As part of their agreement, the farmer executed and delivered a quitclaim deed quitclaiming to the buyer all of her interest in the five-acre parcel. Thereafter, the buyer defaulted on the mortgage debt, and the daughter properly consummated foreclosure proceedings, becoming the purchaser of the tract at her own foreclosure sale. The description of the deed in the foreclosure sale referred to the tract as consisting of all 100 acres. After the foreclosure sale was finalized, the buyer brought suit claiming title in fee simple to the five-acre tract, formerly owned by the farmer. In an appropriate action to determine the title to the said five-acre tract, the buyer will
Choices
A. lose, because the daughter did not have good and marketable title at the time she purported to convey the 100-acre tract to the buyer.
B. lose, because the doctrine of after-acquired title controls.
C. win, because the deed from the farmer to the buyer was a quitclaim deed.
D. win, because the quitclaim deed from the farmer to the buyer was subsequent to the deed from the daughter to the buyer and to the mortgage.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A woman owned a four-unit apartment building and lived in one of the units. When one of her tenants vacated his apartment, the woman placed an advertisement in the local paper that read as follows: "Large two-bedroom apartment available for rent. White male preferred." The woman's preference was motivated by the fact that she liked to have a mix of tenants of both genders and from various racial and ethnic backgrounds in her building, and of the remaining rented units, one was rented to an African American man and the other to a Pacific Islander woman. Based upon these facts, which of the following statements is true?
Choices
A. The federal Fair Housing Act makes it illegal for the woman to refuse to rent her units to prospective tenants because of their race or gender.
B. The woman's motive absolves her from any liability under the federal Fair Housing Act.
C. There are no violations of any federal laws under these facts.
D. Under the federal Fair Housing Act, the woman was not permitted to state a racial or gender preference in the advertisement.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: An owner had a record store in the downtown business area of a city. A famous rock group was scheduled to perform at the local civic center and the owner featured the band's records in a special sale for the two weeks prior to the concert. In order to promote his sale, the owner installed loudspeakers on the outside of his store window so that he could play the band's records for people walking by to hear. It was the owner's hope that when they heard the records, the passersby would turn into customers and buy the band's records. Subsequently, the owner was cited for violating a city ordinance which provides that:"An owner of property located within the city limits shall not permit to be used on his property any device which causes sounds, other than clock chimes, to be heard upon the street or sidewalk. Violation of this ordinance shall subject the property owner to a fine of $50. 00 for each occurrence. "If the owner is successful in challenging this ordinance in court, the court would most likely reason that
Choices
A. the ordinance violates equal protection because some sounds are permitted, while others are not.
B. the ordinance violates the owner's rights of freedom of speech, because there is not valid interest to support the ordinance.
C. the ordinance violates the owner's rights of freedom of speech, because a municipality may not regulate the use of sound amplification equipment.
D. the ordinance violates the owner's rights under the First and Fourteenth Amendments, because it is vague in defining unpermitted sounds.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A doctor parked her car in a public parking lot in a downtown area. A construction company was using a large crane to build a new office building next to the parking lot. When the crane was manufactured, some of the welding of its parts was done improperly. No one had ever noticed this manufacturing defect in the crane. The defect caused the crane to break and topple over. Part of the crane fell on the doctor's car. The doctor's car was completely destroyed. The car was valued at $35,000. The doctor had auto insurance, and the insurance company promptly paid the doctor $35,000 under the insurance policy. If the doctor brings suit against the manufacturer of the crane, will the doctor prevail?
Choices
A. No, because the doctor had auto insurance, so she suffered no loss.
B. No, because the manufacturer was unaware of the defect in the crane.
C. Yes, because the manufacturer sold a product with a dangerous defect.
D. Yes, because the manufacturer failed to inspect the crane adequately before selling it.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: During a hotly contested gubernatorial election, a local newspaper endorsed the candidacy of a corporate official of a chemical company. Inspired by a progressive revolt against the chemical company's domination of the state government, the corporate official's opponent, won by an extremely close margin. After the new governor took office, he vowed to get back at the company that owned the local newspaper for its newspaper's endorsement of the corporate official. Using his influence, the new governor was instrumental in getting the state legislature to pass a bill that imposed a special tax on the sale of ink and paper used in the publication of newspapers and periodicals of general circulation. The tax bill was signed into law by the governor. The strongest constitutional basis upon which to challenge the validity of the tax would be the
Choices
A. equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
B. bill of attainder provision under Article I, Section 10.
C. privileges or immunities clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
D. First Amendment, as incorporated in the Fourteenth Amendment.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A legislative assistant to a state senator approached various wealthy lobbyists without the senator's knowledge to solicit illegal campaign contributions for the senator's upcoming re-election campaign. The assistant dictated several letters requesting such contributions, which the senator signed without reading, along with a pile of other correspondence. Before the letters were mailed, however, the senator discovered what had happened and then immediately terminated the assistant's employment. Later that same evening, after being notified that he was fired, the assistant returned to the senator's office and used his keys, which had not yet been returned, to enter. The assistant made copies of the letters in question. The following day, the assistant turned over the copies of the letters to an investigative reporter from the local newspaper in the area. The reporter had heard about the assistant's dismissal from another staff member and was curious about all the underlying circumstances. After the assistant provided the reporter with all of the pertinent facts, the reporter wrote a news story regarding the senator's solicitation of illegal campaign contributions. Although the reporter's story was printed in the newspaper, he did not reveal the source of his information. As soon as the publication was made, the FBI initiated an investigation of the senator's campaign finances. If the senator asserts a claim based on invasion of privacy against the newspaper for the publication of the article concerning the solicitation of illegal campaign contributions, the most likely result is that the senator will
Choices
A. prevail, because the newspaper story placed him in a "false light in the public eye. "
B. prevail, because the newspaper disclosed private facts about the plaintiff.
C. not prevail, unless he is able to prove malice on the defendant's part.
D. not prevail, because the newspaper was acting in the public interest by printing the news story.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The prime minister of a foreign country was assassinated by a group of right wing extremists. The prime minister's death triggered a civil war between rival factions within the country. To prevent U. S. involvement in this country's political crisis, Congress passed an appropriations bill prohibiting any funding for U. S. military operations in this foreign country. The appropriations bill was passed over a presidential veto. Thereafter, the President issued an executive order directing U. S. Navy and Army troops to the foreign country to restore order. Is this executive order constitutional?
Choices
A. Yes, because the President, as commander- in-chief of the armed forces, has the power to authorize such military expeditions.
B. Yes, because the President has inherent power to regulate foreign affairs as long as there is no formal declaration of war.
C. No, because the President cannot usurp Congress's spending power by taking action that supersedes a congressional appropriations bill.
D. No, because the executive order was neither authorized by federal statute nor ratified by the Senate.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A young man called his casual friend to get together after work to go to a nearby ski lift. They each went up on the lift individually, because neither liked to share. Close to the top of the mountain, the friend fell off of his ski lift, and sustained injuries. The young man then decided he had had enough of skiing, but his friend called out, "...you have to help! You have to call someone! I cant walk and it is your fault I am up here!" The man did not respond and went home. His friend froze to death with no help ever coming to him. The people on the lift behind them both heard and saw everything, and the prosecutors office investigated the incident as a possible negligent homicide. What is the most likely decision of the prosecutor?
Choices
A. The prosecutor will not file charges because the two men were not related to each other in a way that might create a duty, nor was there a special relationship that would create a duty.
B. The prosecutor will not file charges because the man broke no laws when he walked away and it does not matter what the relationship was between them.
C. The prosecutor will file charges because there are eyewitnesses who will testify to the young man's callous behavior to his friend.
D. The prosecutor will file charges because their friendship was a special relationship that created a legal duty for the man to act.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A woman owned an extensive art collection that she displayed in a special room of her home. While the woman was away on a vacation, there was a burglary at her home, and her favorite painting was stolen. Although the painting was insured for $1,000,000 by an insurance company, it had a market value of over $1,500,000. When the woman returned from vacation, she met with a detective employed by the insurance company to investigate the theft. During their meeting, the woman told the detective that she would pay him an extra $50,000 if he recovered the paihting. For the next three weeks, the detective investigated the theft as part of his job responsibilities with the insurance company. Within the course of this investigation, the detective learned who was responsible for the burglary. As a consequence, the culprit was apprehended, and the painting was recovered and returned to the woman. The detective then requested the $50,000 that the woman had promised to pay him. After the woman refused to make the payment, the detective sued the woman for breach of contract. Who is most likely to prevail?
Choices
A. The woman, because her promise was gratuitous.
B. The woman, because the insurance company owed her a pre-existing duty to find the painting.
C. The detective, because he did the act necessary to constitute an acceptance of the woman's offer.
D. The detective, because the market value of the painting exceeded its insured value, so there was sufficient consideration to support the woman's promise.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A defendant was charged with and tried for murder. At trial, the defendant testified that he had acted in self-defense. The trial court instructed the jury that the defendant had the burden of proving by a preponderance of the evidence that he had acted in self-defense. The defendant objected, arguing that this instruction violated the constitutional requirement that the prosecution prove the offense beyond a reasonable doubt. Did the trial court's instruction violate the defendant's federal constitutional rights?
Choices
A. No, because due process does not preclude requiring a defendant to prove self-defense by a preponderance of the evidence.
B. No, because due process does not regulate the burdens of proof in criminal cases.
C. Yes, because due process precludes placing any evidentiary burden on a criminal defendant.
D. Yes, because due process precludes requiring a criminal defendant to bear the burden on an issue that would make an act lawful.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: After learning that a new housing development was about to be built, a developer began looking for property near the housing development on which he could build a shopping center. After an extensive search, he purchased a three-acre undeveloped tract of land for the purpose of developing a small shopping center. At the time the sale was finalized, the developer told his plans to the seller of the three-acre tract, and also mentioned that he was worried whether he had sufficient funds to complete the project. The seller agreed to lend money to the developer to allow for completion of the project. The seller then wrote out the following contract:"In order to help the developer with his plans for development of a shopping center on the three- acre tract he has this day purchased from me, I will lend him $50,000 at 10 percent interest provided he signs a contract with a builder for construction of the shopping center on this tract. Repayment to me at the rate of $5,000 per year to be secured by a mortgage on the three-acre tract. "Both parties then signed the contract. The seller's promise to lend $50,000 to the developer is
Choices
A. a condition precedent in form but subsequent in substance to the developer's duty to enter into a building construction contract.
B. a condition subsequent in form but precedent in substance to the developer's duty to enter into a building construction contract.
C. a condition subsequent to the developer's duty to enter into a building construction contract.
D. not a condition, either precedent or subsequent, to the developer's duty to enter into a building construction contract.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A shopper purchased a can of sardines, which had been produced by a fish company. A short while later at home, the shopper was preparing a sardine sandwich when she opened the can and, to her astonishment, she saw a decomposed mouse. The shopper became nauseated and vomited upon seeing the mouse. After consulting her attorney, the shopper initiated a strict liability action against the company. At trial, the shopper presented into evidence the sardine can with the company's label, along with other corroborating evidence. The attorney representing the company objected to the introduction of the label on the can. The trial court should
Choices
A. overrule the objection, because the label is self-authenticating.
B. overrule the objection, because the label is the best evidence showing that the can was produced by the company.
C. sustain the objection, because there is no corroborating evidence that the company placed the label on the can.
D. sustain the objection, because the shopper's proper cause of action is for infliction of emotional distress, not strict liability.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A man wants to sell his bungalow for $10,000. His neighbor wants to buy it so he can make his yard bigger and use the structure as a storage space, so he agrees to buy the bungalow in a written agreement. The sale is to be complete on October 14. On October 10, the neighbor realizes he cannot pay $10,000, and offers to pay $8,000 instead. The man agrees, and the exchange takes place on October 14. The man then sues for the remaining $2000. Would he likely prevail in getting the additional $2,000 that is part of the signed contract?
Choices
A. No, the modification of the sales price was accepted and therefore both parties are bound to the $8000 price.
B. Yes, there was a lack of additional consideration under the pre-existing duty rule so that the modification was invalid and the original price was still valid.
C. No the original contract was a unilateral contract that could not be modified and had to be performed at the original price.
D. No, there was full performance of the contract.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A worker was injured when a machine he was using on the job malfunctioned. The worker brought a federal diversity action against both the machine's manufacturer and the company responsible for the machine's maintenance. At trial, the worker submitted a proposed jury instruction on negligence. The court did not accept the proposed instruction and instead gave a negligence instruction that the worker's attorney believed was less favorable and legally incorrect. The attorney did not object to the negligence instruction before it was given. The jury returned a verdict for the defendants. The worker has moved for a new trial on the ground that the court's negligence instruction was improper. What argument has the best chance of persuading the court to grant the motion?
Choices
A. Issues of law can be raised at any time.
B. The court's negligence instruction was incorrect and the worker's objection to it was preserved when he submitted his it was preserved when he submitted his proposed negligence instruction.
C. The court's negligence instruction was plain error that affected the worker's substantial rights.
D. The need for a formal objection to a judicial ruling in order to preserve an argument has been eliminated in the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A city imposes a municipal excise tax of $200 per year on commercial artists' studios in that city. It also imposes an excise tax of $100 per year on every itinerant commercial figure drawer for the privilege of using the streets and sidewalks. A credit is allowed against this latter tax for any excise tax paid to the city by the drawer or his employer in respect to the maintenance of an artist's studio in the city. A gallery, located in a neighboring state, has been sending two itinerant artists into the city. Their practice is to draw a picture of a pedestrian, ask him to order a finished painting, and collect a payment of $2. 00. The drawing is sent to a studio, which frames it and mails the framed painting to the customer. The neighboring state does not impose a tax on artists' studios. The gallery challenges the constitutionality of the $100 per year excise tax that is imposed upon its itinerant artists in the city. The court will most likely declare this tax
Choices
A. constitutional, as a valid ad valorem tax on interstate commerce.
B. constitutional, since the tax was levied not on the commercial art business as a whole but on the local activity of drawing pictures.
C. unconstitutional, since a state or municipality may not impose a license tax on orders for goods or services to be perfonned in another state.
D. unconstitutional, as a discriminatory privilege tax.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A man informed the police that he wanted to confess to a murder. After they read him his constitutional rights, he insisted that he was acting voluntarily. He then took them to the scene of the murder where they found the victim's body. By the next day, the man claimed that "voices" had ordered him to confess and he didn't act voluntarily. A physician verified that the man suffered from hallucinations that impaired his volitional abilities, preventing a voluntary confession. Will the court suppress the statements?
Choices
A. Yes, he was insane and could not have given a voluntary confession.
B. Yes, the police overreached by not having him mentally evaluated before questioning him.
C. No, there was no police misconduct or overreaching, and as a result the confession is voluntary.
D. No, a confession is admissible when accompanied by actions by the defendant that prove the truth of the statements.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A law bookstore entered into a written contract to purchase from the publisher 100 copies of the latest edition of a certain casebook for $10 per book. Three days after the contract was formed, but prior to delivery of the casebooks, the publisher called the owner of the law bookstore and informed him that, because of a calculation error, the price for the casebooks should have been $11 per book, and the shipment could not be delivered unless the owner promised to pay that amount. The owner reluctantly agreed. The owner's agreement to pay $11 per book is
Choices
A. enforceable, because it was not supported by any new consideration.
B. enforceable, under the principle of promissory estoppel.
C. unenforceable, because it is violative of the statute of frauds.
D. unenforceable, because the error resulted from the publisher's computational error.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A state has had a tremendous influx of retired people in recent years. There has been considerable concern among state health officials who foresee that many of the senior citizens will become victims of price gouging on certain medical supplies and services. In an attempt to curb such fraudulent sales practices, the state legislature has enacted a law prohibiting the sale of hearing aids by non-physicians. The measure provides, however, that all non-physician sellers who are presently engaged in the business of selling hearing aids will not be affected. Assume that after the statute goes into effect, a non-physician moves to the state and wants to open a business selling hearing aids. After being advised that the state law prohibits him from doing so, he brings suit challenging the constitutionality of the statute. The most likely result is that the state law will be declared
Choices
A. constitutional, because there is a rational basis for distinguishing between non-physicians are not so engaged.
B. constitutional, because a state has the power to regulate any phase of local business, even though such regulations may have some effect on interstate commerce, provided that Congress has not enacted legislation regarding the subject matter.
C. unconstitutional, because it denies non- physicians who are not presently engaged in the business of selling hearing aids the equal protection of the law, in violation of the Fourteenth Amendment.
D. unconstitutional, because it violates the commerce clause, since Congress has plenary power to regulate any activity that has any appreciable effect on interstate commerce.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Under the Establishment Clause, if a government regulation or statute has no sect preference, it may then be deemed to be valid after it first passes an additional three-pronged test under traditional analysis. Please choose which of the following concepts will NOT help a statute or action to be free from establishment of religion suspicions.
Choices
A. It must have a nonspiritual legislative purpose.
B. The statute must not foster an excessive government entanglement with religion.
C. The statute must prohibit purely secular considerations.
D. The statute must have a primary effect that neither advances nor inhibits religion.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A woman was hired by a restaurant as a cashier under an at-will employment contract. On the woman's first day at work, she noticed a sign in the kitchen area that read:"IMPORTANT NOTICE TO ALL EMPLOYEESEmployees are not permitted to smoke during working hours. Any employee who is found to be in violation of this policy will be fined $50 for the first offense; $100 for the second offense; and fired for the third violation. "The woman, who was a smoker, read the notice, but did not object or make any comment regarding the restaurant's nonsmoking policy. For six months, the woman worked at the restaurant and never smoked during business hours. One afternoon, the woman was working when an armed robber stormed into the restaurant. He pointed a pistol at the woman and demanded all the money from the cash register. Frightened and panic stricken, the woman handed over the money and then collapsed. Moments later, she regained consciousness and then smoked a cigarette while she regained her composure. Thereafter, the woman resumed her duties for the rest of the day. The next week, however, when the woman received her pay check, she noticed that the restaurant had deducted $50 from her check. A note was attached indicating that the woman was being fined for smoking during business hours. Although the woman protested, the restaurant refused to make any waiver and stood by its policy. In an action by the woman against the restaurant to recover the $50, which of the following is the best argument in the woman's favor?
Choices
A. The restaurant's nonsmoking policy concerned a collateral matter that was not incorporated within the terms of their employment contract.
B. The restaurant impliedly waived the nonsmoking provision by permitting the woman to continue working for the rest of the day.
C. The nonsmoking provision constituted a constructive condition subsequent that was excused because of temporary impracticability.
D. The nonsmoking provision concerning disciplinary action is unenforceable, because it attempts to impose a penalty instead of reasonably liquidating the damages, if any, sustained by the restaurant.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A state assemblyman made a visit to a foreign country. To protest U. S. foreign policy, the assemblyman and the foreign country's leader issued a joint statement criticizing the United States' involvement in the political affairs of neighboring countries. Following the assemblyman's return to the United States, he was prosecuted under a federal criminal statute making it unlawful for any citizen not specifically authorized by the President to negotiate with a foreign government for the purpose of influencing the foreign government in relation to a dispute with the United States. The law further provides that "any citizen who knowingly counsels, aids, or abets a foreign government in a dispute with the United States. . , shall, upon conviction. . . be punished by imprisonment for not more than five years or a fine of not more than $10,000, or by both fine and imprisonment. . . . "Which of the following is the strongest constitutional basis for upholding the validity of the aforementioned federal statute?
Choices
A. Federal criminal laws dealing with international affairs need not be as specific as those dealing with domestic affairs.
B. Under its enumerated powers, Congress may legislate to preserve the monopoly of the national government over the conduct of U. S. foreign affairs.
C. The President's inherent power to negotiate for the U. S. with foreign countries authorizes him to punish citizens who engage in such negotiations without permission, even in the absence of statutory authorization.
D. Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution grants Congress concurrent power with the President to regulate external affairs with foreign countries.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A mother has an 11-year-old daughter. The mother is legally separated from her husband and has filed for divorce. The mother and her husband own their home in joint tenancy. One night, the mother went out to dinner and left her daughter at home. Upon leaving the house, the mother locked the door to her bedroom. While the mother was gone, the daughter found a spare key to her mother's bedroom and opened the door. While rummaging through her mother's dresser, she found a bag containing white powder. Concerned that the bag might contain drugs, the daughter called her father to ask his advice. The husband instructed her to call the police. The daughter then telephoned the police station and reported what she had found. A patrol car was immediately dispatched to her home. The daughter allowed the police to come inside and led them to her mother's bedroom. She gave the officers the bag, which they took to the station house for a lab test. After the results confirmed that the bag contained cocaine, the mother was arrested and charged with illegal possession of a controlled dangerous substance. The mother's attorney has filed a motion to prevent the cocaine from being admitted into evidence. The motion should be
Choices
A. denied, because the daughter, and husband, as co-owner, had the authority to allow the police inside the home and make the seizure.
B. denied, because the daughter lived with her mother and had equal control over the premises.
C. granted, because the daughter, as a minor, did not have apparent authority to permit the police to enter the home.
D. granted, because the daughter did not have apparent authority to permit the police to enter her mother's bedroom.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: On November 1, Beeson contracted to purchase from Sloan for $250,000 certain property located in the City of La Mirada. In the contract of sale, Beeson and Sloan agreed that the property was to be used for the purpose of building a commercial shopping mall. The contract required Beeson to pay Sloan a deposit of $12,500, with the balance of the purchase price payable at closing a month later on December 1. On November 24, the city council rezoned the property so that it could be used only for single-family residential purposes. As a consequence, Beeson refused to honor the contract. Sloan now brings an action for specific performance arguing that the doctrine of equitable conversion places the loss on the buyer. Beeson argues that to enforce the contract would be harsh and oppressive to him. If judgment is for Beeson, it will most likely be because
Choices
A. Sloan assumed the risk.
B. Sloan would be unjustly enriched.
C. legal title remained in Sloan.
D. equity will relieve Beeson of a bad bargain.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: On February 1, a retiree conveys his farm to an artist, and the artist duly records the conveyance. The following day, the artist conveys the property to a bartender; she does not record her deed. Then on February 4, the artist executes an identical conveyance of the farm to a caterer. The caterer gives the artist a check for $100,000 for the property and records the conveyance, even though he has actual knowledge of prior conveyance to the bartender. The bartender, however, records her deed on February 6. The caterer then conveys his interest in the farm to a dancer, who gives a purchase price of $115,000 to the caterer. On February 5, the dancer purchases the farm without notice of the conveyance to the bartender and duly records the deed. In conducting a title search, the dancer should pursue his investigation by looking in the
Choices
A. Grantor Index under the caterer's name to ascertain if the caterer acquired title.
B. Grantee Index under the caterer's name only.
C. Grantee Index under the caterer's name, then the Grantor Index under the caterer's name, and then in the Grantee Index again, this time under the artist's name to discover if he acquired title.
D. Grantee Index under the bartender's name, then to the Grantor Index, also under the bartender's name to find out if she made any prior conveyances.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A football player sued a football team for breach of contract. He was a star player for the team before suffering a serious hip injury. Although the player attempted to continue playing for the team, he failed a physical examination and was cut from the team roster. After failing his physical, the team discontinued making contract payments to the player as per the terms of his employment contract. In his lawsuit, the player claimed that he was physically fit to continue playing but that he was cut from the team because they wanted to stop making contract payments. At trial, the team called its physician, an orthopedist, to testify that the player's hip injury was, in fact, career-threatening and, in his opinion, sufficiently serious to warrant failing his physical. The team physician stated during his testimony that his diagnosis was based, in part, upon an examination of the player's x-rays and review of an MRI test conducted by another doctor. Neither the x-rays nor the MRI test results have been admitted into evidence. In all likelihood, the team physician's testimony should be
Choices
A. admissible, provided that the other doctor testifies as to the validity of the MRI test results.
B. admissible, provided the team physician based his opinion on data reasonably relied upon by other orthopedic physicians in the field.
C. inadmissible, because neither the x-rays nor the MRI test results had been admitted into evidence at the time he formulated his opinion.
D. inadmissible, because the team physician's opinion was not based in part upon his own firsthand observation of the player's physical condition.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A man and woman lived together but were never married. They bought a house together but the deed went in the man's name alone due to better credit and ability to obtain a mortgage in his name. He worked as a school vice-principal. She gave up her night law school classes to stay home and be a homemaker. She worked as a waitress and paid for all household expenses, food, laundry and other items. He paid for the mortgage, taxes, utilities, insurance, repairs and other expenses. After several years, they became estranged and the man ordered the woman out of the house. She moved out and brought an action to obtain one-half of the home's equity value and a share of the other property and accounts built up in the man's name during the marriage. Which of the following is the best and strongest argument that the woman may assert to obtain a fair share of the property?
Choices
A. There is an express contract between them to share the property equally.
B. He has been unjustly enriched and he owes her restitution under a quasi-contract legal theory.
C. She is entitled to damages based on a legal theory of fraudulent conversion.
D. She is may be remunerated under the federal civil rights laws prohibiting gender discrimination.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: During a deer-hunting season open to rifle hunters, a hunter saw a deer in the forest. He shot his rifle at the deer, hoping to hit and kill it. Instead, he hit and injured a hiker. The hunter had not realized that the hiker was there. Does the injured hiker have an actionable battery claim against the hunter?
Choices
A. No, because the hunter did not intend to shoot the hiker.
B. No, because the hunter did not make direct physical contact with the hiker.
C. Yes, because the bullet from the hunter's rifle made direct physical contact with the hiker.
D. Yes, because the hunter intentionally shot the rifle.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A man was charged with tax fraud. He wished to offer evidence, on his behalf, of his honesty while running for mayor. During his political campaign, he refused to lie about a psychiatric problem in his past, and his honesty cost him the election. The man was quoted as saying, "If I lied, I'd be mayor today, but that's no way to win an election. "The BEST argument of the objector to such evidence in the tax fraud case would be which of the following?
Choices
A. Character evidence is not admissible in such cases.
B. One incident doesn't prove character.
C. This is an impermissible way to prove character.
D. The evidence is irrelevant.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A victim was standing on a street corner waiting to make a drug buy. The drug dealer was always late, so the victim continued to wait outside in the freezing cold weather because he needed a quick fix. Suddenly a car rounded the street corner and a shot rang out. The victim slumped over and fell to the sidewalk. Immediately after being shot and before he died, the victim exclaimed, "The defendant did it!" The defendant was indicted and is now on trial for the victim's murder. Based on these facts alone, the admissibility of the victim's statement should be determined by
Choices
A. the jury, after a preliminary determination by the judge.
B. the jury, without a preliminary determination by the judge.
C. the judge, with instruction to the jury that it may consider the dying declaration if it determines that the victim knew he was dying.
D. the judge, without assistance from the jury.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A homeowner said to a roofer, "My roof leaks. I think the old tiles are cracked. If you will replace them with all new tiles, I will pay you $5,000. " The roofer replied, "Sure, if I can clear my busy schedule. " The homeowner then remarked, "That's all right, but let me know soon. " Three days later, the roofer drove his pickup truck to the homeowner's home and unloaded the materials and equipment needed to perform the roofing job. When the homeowner looked out his window and saw what was transpiring, he immediately ran outside and exclaimed, "Stop! The deal's off. I decided to repair the roof myself. "In an action by the roofer against the homeowner for breach of contract, which of the following would provide the roofer with his best theory of recovery?
Choices
A. A bilateral contract was formed when the roofer purchased the materials and equipment needed to do the job.
B. A bilateral contract was formed when the roofer said, "Sure, if I can clear my busy schedule. "
C. The homeowner made an offer that proposed a unilateral contract, and the offer became irrevocable when the roofer purchased the materials and equipment needed for the job.
D. The homeowner made an offer that proposed a unilateral contract, and the roofer manifested an intent to accept the offer when he began performance by unloading the materials and equipment at the homeowner's house.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The study of older adults and aging is referred to as
Choices
A. Gerontology
B. Geropsychiatry
C. Geriatrics
D. Gero-education

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following factors is associated with a decreased risk of Alzheimer's?
Choices
A. Being African or Hispanic American
B. Eating fish
C. A lower level of education
D. Being married

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The docility hypothesis is that
Choices
A. Those with low capabilities are more vulnerable to environmental demands
B. Those who experience high environmental demands become more docile
C. Those who experience high environmental demands become less docile
D. Those with less capability are less vulnerable to environmental demands

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Normal memory seems to be improved by
Choices
A. Aerobic exercise
B. Taking acetylcholine
C. Taking gingko
D. Increasing social contacts

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The perspective that development is embedded in history means that
Choices
A. Change can always occur regardless of age
B. Sociocultural conditions must always be considered
C. Development in any particular areas (e.g., social) is tied to development in other areas (e.g., cognitive)
D. Some characteristics change with age while others do not

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The answer "both play an important role" is clearly applicable to the question of
Choices
A. Nature vs. nurture
B. Mechanistic vs organismic
C. Continuity vs. discontinuity
D. All of these questions

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following does NOT usually occur to the lens of the eye as one grows older?
Choices
A. It becomes thicker
B. It yellows
C. It becomes clouded
D. It fills with fluid

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The houses of the future may allow you to operate virtually everything in the house from a central terminal; such a house is already in production and is referred to as
Choices
A. Technohouse
B. Compuhouse
C. Futurehouse
D. Smarthouse

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The reaction time difference between younger and older adults is reduced when older adults
Choices
A. Practice regular aerobic exercise
B. Lift weights on a regular schedule
C. Consume large quantities of vitamins
D. Practice Tai chi

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A major difference between programmed and unprogrammed theories of senescence is that programmed theories
Choices
A. Attribute senescence only to environmental factors
B. Are far too difficulty to test
C. Claim that senescence follows a predetermined plan
D. Rely too heavily on computer models

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: One reason that older adults show high levels of optimism is that
Choices
A. Many pessimists die at a younger age
B. They do not really know what is going on
C. This may be a warning sign for dementia
D. Our measures have low validity

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Bu is often late for appointments but says it's because she had more important things on her mind. This is an example of which coping strategy?
Choices
A. Immunization
B. Accommodation
C. Avoidance
D. Assimilation

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following is most strongly associated with loss of bone density?
Choices
A. Genetic factors
B. Lifestyle factors like not exercising
C. Hormonal factors such as loss of estrogen
D. Cohort factors

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: That super sweet iced tea that your grandmother gives you might be that way because she
Choices
A. Has lost a lot of sweet taste buds and cannot taste sweetness as well anymore
B. Is a member of that cohort that really enjoys sweets
C. Is trying to get you to be a little sweeter than you have been in the past
D. Has experienced damage in her parietal lobe where sweet sensations are directed

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A shortage of these two vitamins can produce symptoms that mimic dementia:
Choices
A. A and C
B. B6 and B12
C. B6 and D
D. B12 and E

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following is one of McAdam's levels of personality?
Choices
A. Control
B. Identity
C. Generativity
D. Assimilation

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: In this chapter's Senior View, Dr. Donham told us that mental stimulation, exercise, diet, and what other factor is important for long life?
Choices
A. Moderate amounts of alcohol
B. Social support
C. Good genes
D. Avoiding stress

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Surveys of older adults who are living together show that they tend to view cohabitation as
Choices
A. A first step toward eventual marriage
B. An alternative to marriage
C. A way to save on expenses
D. Their swan song

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Older adults may be more attached to a place than younger adults because
Choices
A. That place holds many memories
B. It's much harder to move when you're older
C. Young adults pay less attention to place then do older adults
D. That place represents transcendence

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The Hayflick number for human cells is
Choices
A. Unknown
B. Between 45 and 55
C. Less than 30
D. More than 60

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: High levels of self-care behaviors have been associated with high levels of
Choices
A. Neuroticism
B. Extraversion
C. Agreeableness
D. Secondary control

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Research has offered some longitudinal as well as cross sectional support for the theory put forth by
Choices
A. Peck
B. Foos
C. Levenson
D. Erikson

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following is more likely to be a cohort, rather than an age, difference?
Choices
A. A higher proportion of older women have completed menopause
B. A smaller proportion of older women report dreams about sex
C. A higher proportion of older men are bald
D. A higher proportion of older men and women are victims of cancer

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Fear of aging has been associated with high levels of
Choices
A. Introversion
B. Neuroticism
C. Rigidity
D. Mid-life crisis

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: In which dementia are cognitive symptoms less likely?
Choices
A. Parkinson's
B. Pick's
C. Huntington's
D. NeuroAIDS

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: In this chapter's Senior View, Dr. Shealy advises you to
Choices
A. Stay in school
B. Eat the right foods
C. Get plenty of exercise
D. Find a high paying job

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: When your sister Patricia was feeling depressed, you comforted her and reminisced about happier times. You provided which type of social support?
Choices
A. Emotional
B. Instrumental
C. Informational
D. Friendly

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Hearing loss occurs more frequently for
Choices
A. Men than women
B. Women than men
C. People who already have some loss of vision
D. People who are obese

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Continued stress is damaging to health and longevity because it leads to
Choices
A. Over exercising which causes physical damage
B. Suppression of the immune system
C. Less eating and, in many cases, severe eating disorders
D. Risky behaviors such as speeding and not using a seat belt

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: One difference that seems to be mostly cohort rather than age is the difference in ____ for different age groups
Choices
A. Coping strategies
B. Work productivity
C. Rates of dementia
D. Personality traits

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: According to Tat Kleckley of this chapter's Senior View, the most important part of the healing process for those who are bereaved is to
Choices
A. Stay away from other people for a while
B. Get out and be active
C. Talk about your loss
D. Make new friends who don't know about your loss

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Social support is most likely to have a positive influence on health and well being when it is
Choices
A. Very emotional
B. Perceived as support
C. Unexpected
D. External rather than internal

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Free radicals are produced by
Choices
A. Normal metabolism
B. Excess consumption of Vitamins A and C
C. Lack of sunlight
D. A weakened immune system

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Prejudice or bias against older adults is referred to as
Choices
A. Ageism
B. Oldism
C. Age bigotry
D. Senilism

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The program that takes over care for those with 6 or fewer months to live, attempts to keep them at home, provides pain relief, and ends all life-prolonging technologies is called
Choices
A. Euthanasia
B. Cryonics
C. Medicare
D. Hospice

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Loss of smell for adults 80 and older is
Choices
A. Very infrequent (less than 15%)
B. Very frequent (more than 75%)
C. Infrequent (less than 40%)
D. Frequent (close to 50%)

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Activation of a class of genes called sirtuins may help to
Choices
A. Prevent some diseases
B. Ward off dementias
C. Increase memory and intelligence
D. Produce emotional stability

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Elder abuse most frequently comes from the older adult's
Choices
A. Spouse
B. Children
C. Grandchildren
D. Neighbors

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Projective tests generally ___ than objective tests of personality.
Choices
A. Have higher reliability
B. Are more visual
C. Are more valid
D. Provide more information

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Cells in the eye that respond to low levels of illumination are called
Choices
A. Rods
B. Cones
C. Retinal cells
D. Nocturnal detectors

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Some work on age stereotypes suggests that
Choices
A. Positive ones are stronger
B. Negative ones are stronger
C. They never last very long
D. They are very rare

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following could very well be a cohort difference rather than a change that occurs with age?
Choices
A. Differences in weight
B. Shrinkage of the thymus gland
C. Enlargement of the heart
D. Increasing size of nose and ears

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The major question concerning aging and personality is:
Choices
A. Do older adults still have personalities?
B. Does personality change with age?
C. Does personality decline as we grow older?
D. Does personality increase of decrease with age?

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A researcher who wants to examine both age and cohort differences is advised to use a _____ design.
Choices
A. Cross-sectional
B. Cross-sequential
C. Correlational
D. Quasi-experimental

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following is NOT one of the most rewarding aspects of being a grandparent as reported by grandparents?
Choices
A. Feelings of immortality
B. Spoiling the grandchildren
C. Having others to wait on you
D. Remembering when they were grandchildren

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Of the following animals, which has the longest life span by current measures?
Choices
A. Gorilla
B. Blue whale
C. Dog
D. Queen honey bee

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: One advantage of an expected death over an unexpected death is that
Choices
A. One can use up some grief before the actual loss
B. One can make funeral and estate plans with the loved one
C. One can find ways to avoid having the same death for themselves
D. One can assist the terminally ill person in speeding their death

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Changes in the reproductive system are more _____ for men but not for women
Choices
A. Mechanistic
B. Continuous
C. Organismic
D. Nurturant

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following hormones has not yet been claimed to ward off senescence?
Choices
A. DHEA
B. Human growth hormone
C. Melatonin
D. Viasterol

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The majority of older widows live
Choices
A. Alone
B. With children
C. With a friend
D. In an institution

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Centenarians are people who
Choices
A. Were born before the centennial
B. Study old age and older adults
C. Are 100 or more years old
D. Have not yet reached old age

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Quantitative analyses of TV shows have shown that
Choices
A. Older adults are almost always portrayed in a negative way
B. The more positive portrayals occur during commercials
C. The proportion of older men is particularly low
D. The proportion of older women is particularly low

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following groups of Americans have the lowest rate of alcohol abuse?
Choices
A. African-American
B. White
C. Native-American
D. Asian-American

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: If you believe that changes occur slowly and steadily throughout life, you would be holding the _____ side of this view of development.
Choices
A. Mechanistic
B. Organismic
C. Continuity
D. Stability

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: All other things being equal, which of the following persons is likely to live the longest?
Choices
A. A black man
B. A white man
C. A black woman
D. A white woman

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following age differences could be, in part, a cohort effect? Differences in
Choices
A. Depression
B. Alcoholism
C. Dementia
D. Suicide

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Clifford and Lucia Pauling, in Senior View, told us that physical changes
Choices
A. Are rapid and frightening
B. Can be offset by meditation
C. Take a long time
D. Should not be discussed in public

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The biggest and most dangerous changes in the cardiovascular system take place in the
Choices
A. Heart
B. Blood vessels
C. Red blood cells
D. Plasma

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Older adults generally perform very well when their _____ memory is tested.
Choices
A. Episodic
B. Working
C. Retrospective
D. Semantic

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: With respect to marital satisfaction, most long lasting marriages
Choices
A. Show high satisfaction through all the years of marriage
B. Show high satisfaction that steadily declines as the years pass
C. Show lower levels during the years when children are present
D. Show ups and downs throughout the marriage

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Theories
Choices
A. Are not very important in aging research
B. Attempt to explain findings and guide future research
C. Have never been adequately tested
D. Have been around for a long time but have only recently been tested

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The least favored theory of senescence among researchers is the _____ theory
Choices
A. Free radical
B. Biological clock
C. Wear and tear
D. Garbage accumulation

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A researcher finds that age is negatively correlated with cigarette smoking; this means that
Choices
A. Older adults experience more negative effects from smoking that do younger adults
B. Older adults smoke more than younger adults
C. Older adults smoke less than younger adults
D. Older and younger adults smoke about the same number of cigarettes and both experience negative effects

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: When a researcher takes part in the situation he or she is observing, he or she is said to be a(n)
Choices
A. Active observer
B. Participant observer
C. Indiscreet observer
D. Meddling observer

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The term "work-family conflict" for middle-aged adults can occur when they must
Choices
A. Care for an ailing parent while continuing to work
B. Work a high stress job while their children are at home
C. Pay for nursing home care by sacrificing their own care
D. Serving as an executor of their parent's estate while still working full time

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Do traits change with age?
Choices
A. No
B. They change a little
C. Only for women
D. They change quite a lot

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The cause of Alzheimer's appears to be
Choices
A. Mostly environmental
B. Aluminum
C. Mostly genetic
D. Apo-E 4

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Older married men have been found to have
Choices
A. Higher levels of positive emotions
B. Lower levels of positive emotions
C. Higher levels of negative emotions
D. Lower levels of negative emotions

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Within the United States, which location has the longest life expectancy?
Choices
A. California
B. Florida
C. Alaska
D. Hawaii

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The largest proportion of older adults living alone reside in
Choices
A. Hawaii
B. Washington, DC
C. Florida
D. California

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which level of personality description appears to show the most change with age?
Choices
A. Traits
B. Personal concerns
C. Coping strategies
D. Identity

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The positive relationship between religion and physical health is NOT thought to be due to
Choices
A. Social support derived from a religious community
B. The rules of some religions which forbid unhealthy behaviors
C. The stress reducing effects of prayerful meditation
D. The benefits of knowing that others are praying for you

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Human factors examines the performance of different tasks by examining
Choices
A. The factors that influence performance
B. The interaction between human and environment
C. The human side of the equation
D. The effects of environmental changes on humans

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Prospective memory refers to memory
Choices
A. For some recent event
B. For something that happened a long time ago
C. To do something in the future
D. For the context and source of remembered information

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The total number of people who have some disorder divided by the total number of people gives you the ____ rate.
Choices
A. Prevalence
B. Incidence
C. Incipient
D. Diseased

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Remarriages are
Choices
A. More frequent for woman than men
B. Typically more successful
C. Typically less successful
D. Most common among those who have never been married before

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: With respect to job training, younger workers
Choices
A. Receive more opportunities than older workers
B. Perform better on the job than trained older workers
C. Always learn faster than older workers
D. Prefer to have classes by themselves

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: About how many grieving individuals seem to require some professional help?
Choices
A. Less than 10%
B. About 25%
C. Nearly half
D. More than 50%

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: People with which of the following forms of control are least likely to have accessibility problems where they live?
Choices
A. External
B. Internal
C. Primary
D. Total

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following has been found to improve balance for older adults?
Choices
A. Tai chi
B. Aerobic exercise
C. Weight lifting
D. Walking briskly

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The most frequent chronic condition for older adults is
Choices
A. Hypertension
B. Arthritis
C. Diabetes
D. Cataracts

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Hypokinesia refers to
Choices
A. Severe obesity
B. Loss of muscle strength and bone density
C. Increased sensitivity to stress
D. Social isolation and lack of support

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: What percentage of older adults report feeling very or often lonely?
Choices
A. 10%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 75%

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: An example of a discontinuous change over the adult years is the change in
Choices
A. Personality
B. Working memory
C. Female hormone levels
D. Male sexuality

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which leg of the three-legged stool do most retirees have
Choices
A. Pension
B. Social security
C. Savings
D. Assets

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: One of the most important points made in this chapter is that physical changes
Choices
A. Occur for everyone
B. Occur more for some and less for others and, within the same person, more for some systems and less for others
C. Usually occur for very old people but not for very young people
D. Can be totally avoided if one learns enough about gerontology

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following forms of dementia has the highest prevalence rate?
Choices
A. Alzheimer's
B. Vascular
C. Parkinson's
D. Fronto-temporal lobe

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: High levels of social support are strongly associated with
Choices
A. Longevity
B. Internal control
C. Culture
D. Education

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The term "cohort" refers to
Choices
A. An individual's chronological age
B. A generation of people who lived through major events
C. A person's gender
D. A group of people living in the same culture

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Middle-aged adults appear to be more ____ than older or younger adults
Choices
A. Generative
B. Neurotic
C. Agreeable
D. Certain

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following improves attitudes toward aging and older adults?
Choices
A. Staying away from older adults
B. Education about older adults
C. Travelling to older communities
D. Watching the portrayals of older adults in movies and on TV

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A problem for immune system theories of senescence is
Choices
A. Determining what first causes the senescence in the immune system
B. Auto-immune disorders are far too rare
C. That the immune system does not decline with age
D. The lack of information about senescence in general

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Those more likely to experience depression after a loss are those who
Choices
A. Are young survivors
B. Have not previously experienced depression
C. Have been married more than 40 years
D. Are in poor health themselves

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following appears to lower bad cholesterol?
Choices
A. Vitamin D
B. Niacin
C. Thiamine
D. Riboflavin

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Most people who have used physician assisted suicide have had
Choices
A. Alzheimer's
B. Health insurance
C. No family
D. Clinical depression

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A researcher who is interested in the differences between two or more groups of people is most likely to use which of the following approaches?
Choices
A. Quasi-experimental
B. Longitudinal
C. Correlational
D. Cross-sequential

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Being in bright light during the later parts of the day seems to
Choices
A. Restore normal circadian rhythm
B. Increase insomnia
C. Restore deep sleep
D. Have no real influence on sleep or dreams

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A major reason for studying human aging is that
Choices
A. We are all growing older
B. The number and proportion of older adults is increasing
C. More job opportunities are available for those with some knowledge of aging
D. All of the above

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The model of social support that says that those who are close to you now are likely to be close for the rest of your days is called the ____ model
Choices
A. Consistency
B. Convoy
C. Attachment
D. Train

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: When older and younger workers have lost their jobs, older workers typically
Choices
A. Find a job quicker because of their greater experience
B. Take longer to find a new job
C. Retire rather than search for a new job
D. Sue the company using the ADEA

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Our social network refers to
Choices
A. Everyone we know
B. Those who are closest to us
C. Those who we have not yet met
D. Family members

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Those who survive the loss of another are called the
Choices
A. Survivors
B. Grieving
C. Bereaved
D. Family and friends

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Financial adjustment to retirement has been most difficult for
Choices
A. Married couples
B. Single men
C. Single women
D. Older adults

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Socioemotional selectivity theory says that older adults have smaller social networks because they
Choices
A. Are more concerned with those closest to them
B. Select new network members based on emotional factors
C. Can no longer get out to select new network members
D. Are too emotionally involved to spend time with others

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The gender gap is likely to be associated with male/female differences in
Choices
A. Hormones
B. Risky behaviors and occupations
C. Proportion who smoke
D. All of the above

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Those cells that build bone are called
Choices
A. Osteoblasts
B. Osteoclasts
C. Osteostructs
D. Osteopori

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: An increase in neuroticism later in life is a strong predictor of
Choices
A. Mortality
B. Loss of social support
C. Cognitive decline
D. Independence

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following countries has the longest life expectancy?
Choices
A. U. S. A.
B. Sweden
C. Japan
D. Saudi Arabia

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which type of reaction time results in the biggest age differences?
Choices
A. Simple
B. Choice
C. Complex
D. Elaborate

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Gary says he won $1000 in the lottery because he really knows how to pick those numbers. Gary would be said to have a strong ____ locus of control
Choices
A. External, powerful others
B. Internal
C. External, chance
D. Secondary

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The advanced directive where one specifies the types of medical intervention that are and are not desired is called a
Choices
A. Living will
B. DNH
C. DNR
D. Durable power of attorney

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: If links between various diseases are found, then future older adults will probably
Choices
A. Take fewer medications
B. Be able to avoid certain diseases
C. Pay far less for pharmaceuticals
D. Pick and choose the disease(s) they want

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: With respect to hair loss
Choices
A. Men lose but women do not
B. Men are more systematic than women
C. Women lose hair less frequently but more rapidly than men
D. Environmental factors are the main causes

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: In this chapter's Senior View, Pat Shelley told us that you shouldn't retire if
Choices
A. You can't do it right
B. You're younger than 60
C. Your family wants you to keep working
D. You have no hobbies

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A person who is not very well organized, rarely sets goals, and frequently puts things off until the last minute would be said to be low on which trait?
Choices
A. Agreeableness
B. Conscientiousness
C. Openness
D. Neuroticism

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: As working people get closer to retirement they are more likely to
Choices
A. Be absent from work
B. Invest in craft and hobby books
C. Do some informal planning
D. Become irritated and anxious

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Older adults may show less major depression than younger adults because they
Choices
A. Have learned to cope with loss
B. See major depression as a stigma
C. Have very different brain biochemistry
D. Are no longer concerned with emotional matters

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The different components of memory should be thought of as
Choices
A. Being very independent
B. Working one at a time
C. Working as a system
D. Taking turns

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Very rapid disposal of the body, before sundown on the day of the death, is typical of which religion?
Choices
A. Islam
B. Hindu
C. Jewish
D. Tao

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: An example of an objective test of personality is the
Choices
A. TAT
B. MMPI
C. Rorschach ink blot test
D. McAdams test of levels

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: When a measure actually quantifies what it claims to measure, we say that it has good
Choices
A. Accuracy
B. Validity
C. Reliability
D. Associative value

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: In which country do most individuals choose to be cremated?
Choices
A. Japan
B. U. S. A.
C. Kenya
D. Mexico

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A possible positive effect of moderate alcohol consumption is that it may
Choices
A. Inhibit the growth of cancers
B. Promote healing from injuries and illnesses
C. Keep blood vessels from stiffening
D. Result in relaxation and lower blood pressure

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The environmental design that brings pets and plants to nursing homes and young people and children as regular visitors is referred to as
Choices
A. Instrumental Living Design
B. The Humanistic Choice
C. Human-Environment Congruence
D. The Eden Alternative

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Excess disability refers to symptoms that are
Choices
A. Not due to the disease but due instead to malignant social psychology
B. In excess of the average for that particular disorder
C. Found only in the last stage of Alzheimer's
D. Those that can be successfully treated by medicine if they are caught early enough

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Well being for younger adults is positively related to which form of control?
Choices
A. Positive reappraisal
B. Lowering of aspirations
C. Primary
D. Internal

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following is NOT one of the major reasons for the increase in numbers of older adults?
Choices
A. The Baby Boom generation
B. The steadily increasing birth rate
C. Increases in life expectancy at birth
D. Increases in life expectancy at a specified age

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Before we can collect data from other human beings we must make sure that they
Choices
A. Have information that will be worth our effort to collect
B. Are going to be honest and forthright
C. Are informed about our study and give their consent to participate
D. Have been granted permission to participate by the IRB

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: In this chapter's Senior View, May Lee told us that we should all respect our elders because
Choices
A. They are much older than we are
B. They raised us
C. They lived through difficult times
D. They ask nothing in return

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: One line of evidence against antagonistic pleiotropy is that
Choices
A. Women who have more children tend to live longer
B. Some animals show little or no senescence
C. Even tissue cells with longer telomere strands can show senescence
D. Exercise increases rather than decreases longevity

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Loss of muscle fiber may be due to loss of neurons which may be due to
Choices
A. Clogged blood vessels
B. Loss of bone density
C. Changes in hormone levels
D. Loss of collagen

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: After losing a spouse, the surviving spouse often dies within the first year because of
Choices
A. Stress and loss of social support
B. Having the same disorder as the deceased
C. The inability to remarry quickly
D. They have the same defective genes

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following factors has NOT received as much support as the others in research investigating why social support is related to better health?
Choices
A. Social
B. Behavioral
C. Psychological
D. Gerontological

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Older adults' coping strategies are generally
Choices
A. Ineffective at solving problems
B. Variable as they have more strategies
C. Persistent as they use the same strategy over and over
D. Narrow as they ignore many aspects of the problem

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Men are more likely than women to die from
Choices
A. Septicemia
B. Stroke
C. Suicide
D. Influenza

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The slowing that occurs with advanced age appears to be centered in
Choices
A. The sense organs themselves
B. The brain
C. The muscle fibers
D. The peripheral nervous system

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: One possible reason that time seems to pass more rapidly for older adults is that
Choices
A. Their memories are poor so they forget to check the time
B. They have fewer novel experiences
C. They pay less attention to important events in life
D. Their lives are full of events which they don't recall at a later time

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: If we found that adult age was significantly and positively correlated with consumption of herbal teas, we could conclude that
Choices
A. Drinking herbal teas makes one grow older more slowly
B. Becoming older causes one to begin or increase consumption of herbal teas
C. Older adults drink less herbal tea than do younger adults
D. Older adults drink more herbal tea than do younger adults

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The initials ADL stand for
Choices
A. Activities of Daily Living
B. American Disease Legion
C. Always Delay Learning
D. Ancient Dependent Ladies

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The dementia that results from a long-term deficiency of thiamine is one type of ____ dementia
Choices
A. Alzheimer's
B. Korsakoff's
C. Creutzfeldt-Jakob
D. Lewy body

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The initial length of telomere stand for members of a species is
Choices
A. Always the same
B. Determined genetically
C. Dependent upon climate and time of year at birth
D. Determined by parent diet and exercise

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The current record for longest lived human being is held by
Choices
A. Jeanne Calment
B. Maggie Kuhn
C. Maria Esther de Capovilla
D. M. Cherie Clark

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Glaucoma refers to the condition in which
Choices
A. Fluid pressure in the eye is above normal
B. Inner and outer layers of the retina separate
C. The lens becomes cloudy and opaque
D. The central part of the retina no longer functions

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Workers in which of the following jobs still have mandatory retirements once they reach a certain age?
Choices
A. Cab drivers
B. Fire fighters
C. Insurance regulators
D. Computer programmers

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Validation therapy refers to treatments in which the person with dementia
Choices
A. Is carefully monitored day and night
B. Is treated like a fellow human being
C. Is left alone to die peacefully
D. Is given double or triple doses of medication

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Surveys of bereaved individuals have found that one of the things that is reported as being most helpful is when others
Choices
A. Avoid any discussion of the deceased
B. Remain in close contact
C. Stay away and let the person grieve
D. Change the home environment for the bereaved

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: An example of a gain, rather than a loss, that occurs as we grow older is our gain in
Choices
A. Perspective
B. Quickness
C. Size of our social networks
D. Certainty

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following appears to remain relatively stable over the adult years?
Choices
A. Sensory memories
B. Personal concerns
C. Marital strain
D. Job satisfaction

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following is always the longest?
Choices
A. Life expectancy at birth (LEAB)
B. Life span
C. Life expectancy at a specified age (LEASA)
D. There is no way of knowing

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Of the following, which is the more frequent stereotype of older adults?
Choices
A. Full of wisdom and knowledge
B. Healthy and independent
C. Confused and disoriented
D. Sleepy and lazy

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: One reason that older adults may have difficulty in retrieving memories is that
Choices
A. Long-term memory often discards older and unused memories
B. There are many more memories to search through to find the one that is sought
C. Older adults quit searching because they have more important things to do
D. Memory is less well organized as we grow older and finding a memory can be quite difficult

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Even a small amount of sleep deprivation seems to
Choices
A. Increase weight
B. Improve sleep quality
C. Disrupt attention the next day
D. Increase irritability

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: NEAT may be one way in which some people are able to maintain a healthy BMI; NEAT refers to
Choices
A. Eating the right kinds of low calorie foods
B. Daily activities like walking, gesturing, and even fidgeting
C. Intense aerobic exercise practiced at least 3 times a week
D. Surgical removal of fatty tissue

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Over the last decade or two, which of the following causes of death has shown a huge increase?
Choices
A. Alzheimer's
B. Cancer
C. Cardiovascular diseases
D. Homicide

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning older workers' job performance?
Choices
A. Older workers always perform better because of their vast experience
B. Older workers never perform better than younger workers because with age, a worker's skills decline.
C. Job performance for older workers depends both upon the decline of skills and the benefits of experience
D. Most jobs are performed better by younger adults but a few are performed better by older adults

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Older adults' negative beliefs about their own memories seem to be more influenced by _____ than by their actual performance on memory tests
Choices
A. Negative stereotypes about older memory
B. Time of day and weather conditions
C. Who they are speaking with
D. Their slower processing speed

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following is NOT one of the more frequently named activities by those who are retired?
Choices
A. Volunteering
B. Travel
C. Redoing the home
D. Household chores

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The retirement phase that occurs least frequently is the ____ phase
Choices
A. Disenchantment
B. Honeymoon
C. Retirement routine
D. Preretirement

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following is the most important variable for gerontological researchers?
Choices
A. Age
B. Gender
C. Cohort
D. Time of measurement

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following does NOT increase the risk of falling?
Choices
A. Taking many prescription medications
B. Visual impairment
C. Having no emotional support
D. A change in walking style or gait

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The main reason given by men and women for their long lasting marriage is that
Choices
A. They are best friends
B. They must fulfill their vows
C. They agree on almost everything
D. They owe it to their children

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: An older adult who has received a message (e.g., it's going to rain tomorrow) would be most likely to remember what when telling another person?
Choices
A. The person who told them it would rain
B. Where they were when they received the message
C. The contents of the message
D. The time of day that the message was received

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The lifespan perspective says that development is composed of gains and losses; this means that
Choices
A. We gain while we are younger but lose when we are older
B. We gain some things and lose others at every age
C. For every aspect of development there is no overall change since each gain is offset by loss
D. Gains are far more important than losses but losses occur too

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Identity refers to one's
Choices
A. Use of a particular coping strategy
B. Control over one's own life story
C. Physical appearance and overall personality
D. Coherent sense of self

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Current estimates of how many people exercise on a regular basis suggest that _____ do
Choices
A. Less than 50%
B. More than 75%
C. Less than 25%
D. More than 50%

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: An increased frequency of urination in older adults is most likely caused by
Choices
A. Prostate cancer
B. Smaller bladder
C. Kidney problems
D. Gall stone(s)

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Some research has found that later cognitive decline is predicted by earlier
Choices
A. Cardiovascular problems
B. Loss of muscle strength
C. Immune system decline
D. Graying of hair

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The law that requires all healthcare institutions that receive Medicaid funds to inform patients about advance directives is called the
Choices
A. Patient Self-Determination Act
B. Informed Consent Act
C. Advance Directive
D. Medicaid Directive Information Act

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following is NOT among the top 10 causes of death in the U. S.?
Choices
A. Kidney diseases
B. AIDS
C. Septicemia
D. Accidents

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Presbyopia refers to
Choices
A. The point of clearest vision moving closer to the eye
B. The decline in vision with advanced age
C. The loss of hearing for higher pitch as one grows older
D. The point of clearest vision moving farther from the eye

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The design of products and environments to fit the capabilities of people who use them or live there is called _____ design
Choices
A. Environmental
B. Ecological
C. Ergonomic
D. Eclectic

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The insurance program for poor people of all ages is called
Choices
A. Hospice
B. Medicaid
C. Medicare
D. Respite

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: When damage to the brain is irreversible and increasing we refer to the disorder as
Choices
A. Delirium
B. MCI
C. Dementia
D. Pick's

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Grandparents with grandchildren in college report feeling especially loved when such grandchildren
Choices
A. Ask about their satisfaction with life and offer to help
B. Visit during the holidays and bring gifts
C. Pay a surprise visit and ask for advice
D. Invite the grandparents over to their place and cook a good meal

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The influence of genetics on longevity is estimated to be about
Choices
A. 20%
B. 33%
C. 50%
D. 75%

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Older adults are most likely to be involved in a traffic accident when they are
Choices
A. On foot
B. Driving in a new location
C. A passenger in a younger person's car
D. Alone

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Life stories are more likely for people who have a sense of
Choices
A. Well being
B. Personal control
C. Generativity
D. Humor

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The idea that the ability to complete a task depends on the fit between the environment and the person undertaking the task is a basic tenet of which of the following theories of aging?
Choices
A. Environmental
B. Ecological
C. Fitness
D. Congruence

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Neuroticism has been found to be correlated with which of the following?
Choices
A. Anger and guilt
B. Apathy and indifference
C. Deceit and cunning
D. Mania and hypertension

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The Apo-E 2 protein is very prevalent in people who
Choices
A. Die young
B. Live to be 100 or older
C. Have healthy immune systems
D. Also have high levels of Apo-E 4

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Information coming into our cognitive system is thought to first enter a
Choices
A. Sensory memory
B. Perceptual processor
C. Working memory
D. Meta-memory

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Omega 3 appears to reduce the risk of
Choices
A. Some cancers
B. Cardiovascular disease
C. Arthritis
D. Insomnia

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The term "senescence" refers to
Choices
A. An increased vulnerability
B. The process of becoming older
C. The loss of mental abilities
D. Biological aging

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following is caused by a prion?
Choices
A. Vascular dementia
B. Alzheimer's
C. Creutzfeldt-Jakob
D. Huntington's

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A difference between the social networks of older and younger adults is that older adults have
Choices
A. Larger inner circles
B. Larger outer circles
C. Smaller inner circles
D. Smaller outer circles

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The first person to measure and compare the response times of young and old was
Choices
A. Francis Galton
B. William James
C. Michelle Meer
D. Tom Penge

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: About what percentage of people who have had bridge jobs say it was better than their career job?
Choices
A. Less than 25%
B. Less than 50%
C. More than 50%
D. More than 75%

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: We want our measures to be as reliable as possible; reliability refers to
Choices
A. Whether our measure really measure anything at all
B. Whether our measure is really measuring what it claims to measure
C. Whether our measure is consistent in the information it provides
D. Whether our measure has or has not been used before

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A problem in comparing older adults' memory for recent events and events that happened a long time ago is that recent events
Choices
A. May be very well rehearsed
B. Are far more meaningful
C. Have no denominator to help in computing an average
D. Can be verified while older events often cannot

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Of the following types of memory, which shows the biggest deficit with advanced age?
Choices
A. Sensory memory
B. Episodic memory
C. Semantic memory
D. Procedural memory

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The loss of a ____ is regarded in the U. S. as the most severe loss and frequently produces guilt in addition to other emotions.
Choices
A. Spouse
B. Parent
C. Child
D. Sibling

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: DNA damage/repair theory claims that senescence is due to cells getting incorrect instructions from DNA damaged by sources such as
Choices
A. Radiation from anti-oxidants
B. Metabolic processes
C. Free radicals and sunlight
D. Telomerase

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Comorbidity is a problem for older adults because it
Choices
A. Makes correct diagnoses difficult
B. Increases funeral costs
C. Is very contagious
D. Cannot, at present, be cured

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: With respect to theories of senescence, it's probably safe to say that
Choices
A. Programmed theories are the best we have at present
B. Many theories will have to be combined to explain senescence
C. The evidence for these theories is direct and quickly accumulating
D. All of these theories are merely speculation at this point

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Current life expectancy in the United States is about
Choices
A. 78
B. 82
C. 68
D. 75

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A burial site where the body is allowed to decompose naturally without a casket is called a _____ cemetery
Choices
A. Naturalistic
B. Green
C. Rapid decay
D. Sunshine

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Older adults with higher education and self-esteem are more likely to be
Choices
A. Sexually active
B. Socially isolated
C. Lonely as they grow older
D. Married for a long time

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: BMI is regarded as a better measure of health than weight by itself because BMI is based on weight and
Choices
A. Height
B. Bone structure
C. Immune Function
D. Diet and exercise

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Morbidity refers to
Choices
A. Death
B. Social and emotional isolation
C. Increased disability and declining health
D. A period of intense personal loss

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Older adults are able to improve their memories and reduce their anxiety about declining memory when
Choices
A. They learn about memory and aging and learn some techniques
B. They simply learn a number of memory improvement techniques
C. They learn that many aspects of memory do not decline and some even get better
D. Older adults cannot do either of these

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Hearing loss for higher pitch is referred to as
Choices
A. Presbyopia
B. Presbycusis
C. Pitch deafness
D. Conductive loss

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: In this chapter's Senior View, Tolly Kleckley told us that personality
Choices
A. Changes a lot past age 50
B. Doesn't change past age 50
C. Pretty much stays the same
D. Changes more for women than for men

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The Kingbergs give us several keys to successful aging; which of the following is one that they did not name?
Choices
A. Eat the correct food but not too much.
B. Respect each other
C. Party at least once a month
D. Make long-range plans

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Those who have lost a close family member to suicide most often experience
Choices
A. A lack of support from others
B. A desire to kill themselves
C. Feelings of relief and release
D. Severe but temporary cognitive impairment

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Our bodies have a natural, built in defense against free radicals that is referred to as
Choices
A. AFR
B. SOD
C. Vitamin C
D. Telomerase

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Open-ended questions on a survey often make it difficult to
Choices
A. Get people to fill the survey out
B. Interpret the answers you get from people
C. Collect data in a timely manner
D. Get anyone to believe your results

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following groups is likely to have the more positive view of aging and older adults?
Choices
A. Other older adults
B. Children younger than 10
C. Young adults
D. Adolescents

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The paradox of well-being refers to the finding of high levels of happiness among
Choices
A. Unhappy people
B. Older adults
C. People with very low SES
D. Terminally ill people

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The Supreme Court has now ruled that older workers need no longer prove _____________ to win a job discrimination suit.
Choices
A. Discrimination
B. Age bias
C. Negative impact
D. Intention

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The decline in working memory with advanced age seems to be due to
Choices
A. A loss of resources and slower processing speed
B. An increase in the inhibition of relevant information
C. A general decline in the ability to process information
D. A severe loss of neural connections and decreased blood flow

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: A disadvantage of institutional care is that the staff frequently teach older residents to be
Choices
A. Rude
B. Dependent
C. Independent
D. Selfish

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: If you believe that we are mostly in control of our own development and that our behaviors, good or bad, determine how successful our aging with be, you would be said to have which of the following perspectives?
Choices
A. Organismic
B. Nurture
C. Continuity
D. Mechanistic

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The age at which one can receive full benefits from social security
Choices
A. Is 62
B. Is 65
C. Has been increasing
D. Will never change

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Loss of stomach lining can lead to symptoms that resemble
Choices
A. Anorexia
B. Dementia
C. Senescence
D. Hepatitis

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Which of the following has NOT been shown to be an effective treatment for depression in older adults?
Choices
A. Rigorous exercise
B. Life review
C. Mental stimulation
D. Anti-depressant drugs

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The term Baby Boom Generation refers to people who
Choices
A. Were born before WW II
B. Have had an extraordinary number of offspring
C. Were born right after WW II
D. Have raised their children in small villages

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Older workers are more likely to
Choices
A. Be absent from work
B. Be dissatisfied with their jobs
C. Be less productive
D. Be laid off

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Mabel Davis, in this chapter's Senior View, would agree with which of the following?
Choices
A. Time seems to speed up when you grow older
B. Exercise keeps your mind sharp
C. Women are tougher than men
D. Glasses and hearing aids should be avoided

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The information stored in memory, according to research and our Senior View interviewees, is
Choices
A. True to life
B. Our own interpretation
C. Always exaggerated
D. Never accurate

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: When speaking with an older adults with some hearing loss, you should
Choices
A. Speak a little slower than normal
B. Speak loudly into their best ear
C. Face them so they can watch your lips
D. Ask another person to translate

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Longevity is strongly associated with higher levels of
Choices
A. Social support
B. BMI
C. Alcohol use
D. Supplement use

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The hypothesis that says adults will remain healthy until very old age and then quickly become ill and die is the ____ hypothesis
Choices
A. Terminal drop
B. Compression of morbidity
C. Klagmore-Rensfeldt
D. Decline avoidance

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The woman who conducted a longitudinal study on herself and found increased retrieval difficulty as she got older was named
Choices
A. Clark
B. Smith
C. Whitebear
D. Ebbinghaus

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: In a Robertsonian translocation fusion occurs at the:
Choices
A. telomeres.
B. centromeres.
C. histones.
D. ends of the long arms.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Zinc finger proteins and helix-turn-helix proteins are
Choices
A. types of DNA-binding proteins
B. involved in the control of translation
C. components of ribosomes
D. part of the hemoglobin in blood cells

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: If the frequency of males affected with an X-linked recessive condition in a human population is .10 (one in ten), what will be the expected frequency of affected females?
Choices
A. 0.01
B. 0.001
C. 0.02
D. 0.0001

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: In DNA adenine normally pairs with:
Choices
A. cytosine.
B. guanine.
C. thymine.
D. uracil.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The pattern of inheritance shown by malignant hyperthermia (hyperpyrexia) is:
Choices
A. autosomal dominant.
B. autosomal recessive.
C. X-linked dominant.
D. X-linked recessive.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Mapping of human chromosomes:
Choices
A. has been restricted to the sex chromosomes because of small family sizes
B. proceeded much more successfully as large numbers of DNA markers became available.
C. has determined that the number of linkage groups is about twice the number of chromosomes
D. has demonstrated that almost all of the DNA is involved in coding for genes

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Intergenerational transmission to offspring can occur as a result of parental exposures to ______.
Choices
A. war
B. natural disasters
C. hunger
D. all of these

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Asp235Phe in a molecular report indicates that:
Choices
A. asparagine has been replaced by phenylalanine.
B. phenylalanine has been replaced by asparagine.
C. aspartic acid has been replaced by phenylalanine.
D. phenylalanine has been replaced by aspartic acid.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: The risk of abnormality in the child of a mother with untreated phenylketonuria is:
Choices
A. 1%
B. 10%
C. 25%
D. Almost 100%

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Question: Exon skipping is associated with:
Choices
A. nonsense mutations.
B. regulatory mutations.
C. RNA processing mutations.
D. silent mutations.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D