---
license: mit
---

# ESM-2 for General Protein Binding Site Prediction

This model is trained to predict general binding sites of proteins using on the sequence. This is a finetuned version of 
`esm2_t6_8M_UR50D`, trained on [this dataset](https://huggingface.co/datasets/AmelieSchreiber/general_binding_sites). The data is 
not filtered by family, and thus the model may be overfit to some degree.  

## Training

```
epoch 3: 
'eval_loss': 0.08215777575969696,
'eval_precision': 0.4673852829840273,
'eval_recall': 0.9587594696969697,
'eval_f1': 0.6284215753212091,
'eval_auc': 0.9730582015280457
```

## Using the Model

Try pasting a protein sequence into the cell on the right and clicking on "Compute". For example, try

```
MKVEEILEKALELVIPDEEEVRKGREAEEELRRRLDELGVEYVFVGSYARNTWLKGSLEIDVFLLFPEEFSKEELRERGLEIGKAVLDSYEIRYAEHPYVHGVVKGVEVDVVPCYKLKEPKNIKSAVDRTPFHHKWLEGRIKGKENEVRLLKGFLKANGIYGAEYKVRGFSGYLCELLIVFYGSFLETVKNARRWTRRTVIDVAKGEVRKGEEFFVVDPVDEKRNVAANLSLDNLARFVHLCREFMEAPSLGFFKPKHPLEIEPERLRKIVEERGTAVFAVKFRKPDIVDDNLYPQLERASRKIFEFLERENFMPLRSAFKASEEFCYLLFECQIKEISRVFRRMGPQFEDERNVKKFLSRNRAFRPFIENGRWWAFEMRKFTTPEEGVRSYASTHWHTLGKNVGESIREYFEIISGEKLFKEPVTAELCEMMGVKD
```

To use the model, try running:
```python
import torch
from transformers import AutoModelForTokenClassification, AutoTokenizer

def predict_binding_sites(model_path, protein_sequences):
    """
    Predict binding sites for a collection of protein sequences.

    Parameters:
    - model_path (str): Path to the saved model.
    - protein_sequences (List[str]): List of protein sequences.

    Returns:
    - List[List[str]]: Predicted labels for each sequence.
    """

    # Load tokenizer and model
    tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_path)
    model = AutoModelForTokenClassification.from_pretrained(model_path)

    # Ensure model is in evaluation mode
    model.eval()

    # Tokenize sequences
    inputs = tokenizer(protein_sequences, return_tensors="pt", padding=True, truncation=True)

    # Move to the same device as model and obtain logits
    with torch.no_grad():
        logits = model(**inputs).logits

    # Obtain predicted labels
    predicted_labels = torch.argmax(logits, dim=-1).cpu().numpy()

    # Convert label IDs to human-readable labels
    id2label = model.config.id2label
    human_readable_labels = [[id2label[label_id] for label_id in sequence] for sequence in predicted_labels]

    return human_readable_labels

# Usage:
model_path = "AmelieSchreiber/esm2_t6_8M_general_binding_sites"  # Replace with your model's path
unseen_proteins = [
    "MKVEEILEKALELVIPDEEEVRKGREAEEELRRRLDELGVEYVFVGSYARNTWLKGSLEIDVFLLFPEEFSKEELRERGLEIGKAVLDSYEIRYAEHPYVHGVVKGVEVDVVPCYKLKEPKNIKSAVDRTPFHHKWLEGRIKGKENEVRLLKGFLKANGIYGAEYKVRGFSGYLCELLIVFYGSFLETVKNARRWTRRTVIDVAKGEVRKGEEFFVVDPVDEKRNVAANLSLDNLARFVHLCREFMEAPSLGFFKPKHPLEIEPERLRKIVEERGTAVFAVKFRKPDIVDDNLYPQLERASRKIFEFLERENFMPLRSAFKASEEFCYLLFECQIKEISRVFRRMGPQFEDERNVKKFLSRNRAFRPFIENGRWWAFEMRKFTTPEEGVRSYASTHWHTLGKNVGESIREYFEIISGEKLFKEPVTAELCEMMGVKD", 
    "MKVEEILEKALELVIPDEEEVRKGREAEEELRRRLDELGVEYVFVGSYARNTWLKGSLEIAVFLLFPEEFSKEELRERGLEIGKAVLDSYEIRYAEHPYVHGVVKGVEVDVVPCYKLKEPKNIKSAVDRTPFHHKWLEGRIKGKENEVRLLKGFLKANGIYGAEYKVRGFSGYLCELLIVFYGSFLETVKNARRWTRRTVIDVAKGEVRKGEEFFVVDPVDEKRNVAANLSLDNLARFVHLCREFMEAPSLGFFKVKHPLEIEPERLRKIVEERGTAVFAVKFRKPDIVDDNLYPQLERASRKIFEFLERENFMPLRSAFKASEEFCYLLFECQIKEISRVFRRMGPQFEDERNVKKFLSRNRAFRPFIENGRWWAFEMRKFTTPEEGVRSYASTHWHTLGKNVGESIREYFEIISGEKLFKEPVTAELCEMMGVKD", 
    "MKVEEILEKALELVIPDEEEVRKGREAEEELRRRLDELGVEAVFVGSYARNTWLKGSLEIAVFLLFPEEFSKEELRERGLEIEKAVLDSYEIRYAEHPYVHGVVKGVEVDVVPCYKLKEPKNIKSAVDRTPFHHKELEGRIKGKENEVRLLKGFLKANGIYGAEYAVRGFSGYLCELLIVFYGSFLETVKNARRWTRRTVIDVAKGEVRKGEEFFVVDPVDEKRNVAANLSLDNLARFVHLCREFMEAPSLGFFKVKHPLEIEPERLRKIVEERGTAVFMVKFRKPDIVDDNLYPQLRRASRKIFEFLERNNFMPLRSAFKASEEFCYLLFECQIKEISDVFRRMGPLFEDERNVKKFLSRNRALRPFIENGRWWIFEMRKFTTPEEGVRSYASTHWHTLGKNVGESIREYFEIISGEKLFKEPVTAELCRMMGVKD", 
    "MKVEEILEKALELVIPDEEEVRKGREAEEELRRRLDELGVEAVFVGSYARNTWLKGSLEIAVFLLFPEEFSKEELRERGLEIEKAVLDSYGIRYAEHPYVHGVVKGVELDVVPCYKLKEPKNIKSAVDRTPFHHKELEGRIKGKENEYRSLKGFLKANGIYGAEYAVRGFSGYLCELLIVFYGSFLETVKNARRWTRKTVIDVAKGEVRKGEEFFVVDPVDEKRNVAALLSLDNLARFVHLCREFMEAVSLGFFKVKHPLEIEPERLRKIVEERGTAVFMVKFRKPDIVDDNLYPQLRRASRKIFEFLERNNFMPLRRAFKASEEFCYLLFEQQIKEISDVFRRMGPLFEDERNVKKFLSRNRALRPFIENGRWWIFEMRKFTTPEEGVRSYASTHWHTLGKNVGESIREYFEIIEGEKLFKEPVTAELCRMMGVKD"
]  # Replace with your unseen protein sequences
predictions = predict_binding_sites(model_path, unseen_proteins)
predictions
```